Drug Eruption and Interactions - PHARMACEUTICAL REVIEW

ECHINACEA
Scientific names: Echinacea angustifola; Echinacea pallida;
Echinacea purpurea
Family: Asteraceae; Compositae
Trade and other common names: Black Sampson; Black
Susans; Comb Flower; Indian Head; Purple-Cone Flower;
Snakeroot
Category: Immunomodulator
Purported indications and other uses: Colds, upper
respiratory infections, peripheral vasodilator, urinary tract
infections, yeast infections, ulcers, psoriasis, herpes simplex,
septicemia, boils, abscesses, rheumatism, migraine, dyspepsia,
eczema, bee stings and hemorrhoids
Half-life: N/A
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions
with: corticosteroids, cyclosporine
Reactions
Skin
Adverse effects (sic)
(2002): Bielory L, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 88(1), 7
(2002): Ernst E, AnnInternMed136(1), 42
(2002): Haller CA+, Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev 21(3), 143
(2002): Mattsson K+, Lakartidningen 99(50), 5095
Allergic reactions (sic)
(2005): Huntley AL+, Drug Saf 28(5), 387
Angioedema
(2000):
www.aaaai.org/media/pressreleases/2000/03/000307.html
Bullae
(2004): Lee AN+, Arch Dermatol 140(6), 723 (flare)
Erythema nodosum
(2001): Crawford R, JAmAcadDermatol44, 298 (recurrent)
Rash (sic)
(2005): Huntley AL+, Drug Saf 28(5), 387
(2002): Mullins RJ+, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 88(1), 42
Sensitization
(2002): Paulsen E, Contact Dermatitis 47(4), 189
Urticaria
(2002): Mullins RJ+, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 88(1), 42
(2000):
www.aaaai.org/media/pressreleases/2000/03/000307.html
Mucosal
Oral mucosal lesions
(2004): Lee AN+, Arch Dermatol 140(6), 723 (flare)
Sialorrhea
Tongue numb
(2003): Abebe W, JDentHyg77(1), 37
Eyes
Ocular adverse effects
(2004): Fraunfelder FW, Am J Ophthalmol 138(4), 639
Other
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis
(2004): Bielory L, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 93(2 Suppl), S45
(2002): Mullins RJ+, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 88(1), 42
(2000):
www.aaaai.org/media/pressreleases/2000/03/000307.html
(1998): Mullins RJ, Med J Aust 168, 170
Hypersensitivity
(2002): Mullins RJ+, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 88(1), 42
(2000):
www.aaaai.org/media/pressreleases/2000/03/000307.html (23
cases)
Note: Individuals with atopy may be more likely to experience an
allergic reaction when taking Echinacea
ECULIZUMAB
Trade name: Soliris (Alexion)
Indications: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)
Category: Monoclonal antibody
Half-life: 272 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions
with: N/A
Reactions
Skin
Edema
Herpes simplex
Rash (sic)
Other
Abdominal pain
Cough (12%)
Fever
Hypersensitivity
Injection-site reactions
Meningococcal infection
Myalgia/Myositis/Myopathy/Myotoxicity
Upper respiratory infection
EDROPHONIUM
Trade names: Enlon (Baxter); Tensilon (Valeant)
Indications: Myasthenia gravis diagnosis
Category: Anesthetic; Cholinesterase inhibitor
Half-life: 1.8 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions
with: corticosteroids, digitalis, galantamine
Reactions
Skin
Diaphoresis (>10%)
Rash (sic)
Urticaria
Mucosal
Sialorrhea (>10%)
Other
Abdominal pain
Anaphylactoid reactions/Anaphylaxis
Hypersensitivity (