Drug Eruption and Interactions - PHARMACEUTICAL REVIEW

164 DARBEPOETIN ALFA
DARBEPOETIN ALFA
Synonym: Erythropoiesis stimulating protein
Trade name: Aranesp (Amgen)
Indications: Anemia associated with renal failure and
chemotherapy
Category: Colony stimulating factor; Erythropoietin
Half-life: Terminal: I.V. = 21 hours
Reactions
Skin
Edema (21%)
(2003): Cvetkovic RS+, Drugs 63(11), 1067
Peripheral edema (11%)
Pruritus (8%)
Rash (sic) (7%)
(2003): Cvetkovic RS+, Drugs 63(11), 1067
Urticaria
Other
Abdominal pain (12%)
Cough (10%)
Death (7%)
Fever (9–19%)
Infections
Injection-site pain (7%)
Myalgia/Myositis/Myopathy/Myotoxicity (21%)
Thrombosis
(2006): Bohlius J+, J Natl Cancer Inst 98(10), 708
(2005): Prescrire Int 14(79), 174 (6%)
Upper respiratory infection (14%)
DARIFENACIN
Trade name: Enablex (Novartis)
Indications: Overactive bladder
Category: Muscarinic antagonist
Half-life: 13–19 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions
with: flecainide, imipramine, potent CYP3A4 inhibitors,
thioridazine, tricyclic antidepressants
Reactions
Skin
Peripheral edema (~1%)
Pruritus (~1%)
Rash (sic) (~1%)
Xerosis (~1%)
Mucosal
Vaginitis (~1%)
Xerostomia (20%)
(2006): Haab F+, BJU Int 98(5), 1025
(2006): Hill S+, Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 17(3), 239
(2006): Zinner N+, Int J Clin Pract 60(1), 119
(2005): Med Lett Drugs Ther 14;47(1204), 23
(2005): Chapple C+, BJU Int 95(7), 993
(2005): Steers W+, BJU Int 95(4), 580
(2004): Sand PK, JAmAcadNursePract16(10 Suppl), 8
Eyes
Vision blurred
Visual disturbances (~1%)
Xerophthalmia
Other
Abdominal pain (2.4%)
Chills
Cough
DARUNAVIR
Synonym: TMC-114
Trade name: Prezista (Tibotec)
Indications: HIV infection
Category: Protease inhibitor
Half-life: 15 hours (when combined with ritonavir)
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions
with: astemizole, St John’s wort, carbamazepine, cisapride,
dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, lovastatin, midazolam,
phenobarbital, phenytoin, pimozide, pravastatin, rifampin,
saquinavir, simvastatin, terfenadine, triazolam
Reactions
Skin
Dermatitis (with ritonavir)
Eczema (with ritonavir)
Erythema multiforme (with ritonavir)
Exanthems (with ritonavir)
Folliculitis (with ritonavir)
Hyperhidrosis (with ritonavir)
Peripheral edema (with ritonavir)
Rash (sic) (with ritonavir) (7%)
Stevens–Johnson syndrome (with ritonavir)
Mucosal
Xerostomia (with ritonavir)
Hair
Hair – alopecia (with ritonavir)
Other
Abdominal pain (with ritonavir) (2%)
Cough (with ritonavir)
Fever (with ritonavir)
Gynecomastia (with ritonavir)
Lipoatrophy (with ritonavir)
Myalgia/Myositis/Myopathy/Myotoxicity (with ritonavir)
Neurotoxicity (with ritonavir)
Note: Darunavir is a sulfonamide and can be absorbed systemically.
Sulfonamides can produce severe, possibly fatal, reactions such as
toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens–Johnson syndrome