Drug Eruption and Interactions - PHARMACEUTICAL REVIEW

148 COLLAGEN
Erythema multiforme
(1993): Moscona RR+, Plast Reconstr Surg 92(2), 331
Granuloma annulare
(1984): Rapaport MJ, Arch Dermatol 120(7), 837
Herpes simplex
Induration
(1987): DeLustro F+, Plast Reconstr Surg 79(4), 581
(1985): Cooperman L+, JIntMedRes13(2), 109
Inflammation
(1995): Gold MH, Dermatol Clin 13(2), 353
Nodular eruption
(2005): Thaler MP+, Dermatol Surg 31(11 Pt 2), 1566
Pigmentation
(1999): Davis PK, Br J Plast Surg 52(1), 81
Pruritus
Rash (sic)
Scar
(1995): Lemperle G+, Plast Reconstr Surg 1995 Sep; 96(3), 627
Urticaria
Other
Death
(2003): McCarthy DM+, Arch Pathol Lab Med 127(2), E67
Hypersensitivity
(2002): Echols KT+, Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct
13(1), 52
(2000): Garcia-Domingo MI+, J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol
10(2), 107
(1993): Cukier J+, AnnInternMed118(12), 920
(1991): Frank DH+, Plast Reconstr Surg 87(6), 1080
(1991): Schnitzler L, Rev Fr Gynecol Obstet 86(6), 469
(1989): Elson ML, JDermatolSurgOncol15(3), 301 (2.5%)
(1988): Elson ML, JAmAcadDermatol18(4), 707 (3%)
(1987): DeLustro F+, Plast Reconstr Surg 79(4), 581
(1984): Kamer FM+, Arch Otolaryngol 110(2), 93
Infections
(1998): Faerber GJ+, Tech Urol 4(3), 124
Myalgia/Myositis/Myopathy/Myotoxicity
Panniculitis
(2000): Garcia-Domingo MI+, J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol
10(2), 107
(1999): Biasi D+, Clin Rheumatol 18(4), 328
*Note: A reaction to the anesthetic, lidocaine, in liquid collagen
injections may occur
COMFREY
Scientific names: Symphytum asperum; Symphytum officinale;
Symphytum peregrinum; Symphytum x uplandicum
Family: Boraginaceae
Trade and other common names: Ass ear; Blackwort;
Boneset; Bruisewort; consolida; consormol; consound; gum plant;
knitback; Knitbone; nipbone; Russian comfrey; Slippery Root;
Wallwort
Category: Carminative
Purported indications and other uses: Leaf: Gastric and
duodenal ulcer, rheumatic pain, gout, arthritis. Topical: poultice
for bruises, sprains, athlete’s foot, crural ulcers, mastitis, varicose
ulcers. Root: Gastric and duodenal ulcers, hematemesis, colitis,
diarrhea. Topical: ulcers, wounds, fractures, hernia
Half-life: N/A
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions
with: eucalyptus
Reactions
Other
Death
(2003): Dasgupta A, Am J Clin Pathol 120(1), 127
(1990): Yeong ML+, J Gastroenterol Hepatol 5(2), 211
Toxicity (sic)
(2002): Rode D, Trends Pharmacol Sci 23(11), 497
Tumors
(1988): Abbott PJ, Med J Aust 149(11–12), 678
Note: The FDA warns that comfrey contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids
that can cause cirrhosis and liver failure when taken orally in high
doses. It is banned in Germany and Canada. Topical application is
safer and more effective; allantoin in comfrey stimulates cell
proliferation, accelerating wound healing
CONIVAPTAN
Trade name: Vaprisol (Astellas)
Indications: Hyponatremia, SIADH
Category: Vasopressin receptor antagonist
Half-life: 5 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions
with: clarithromycin, digoxin, indinavir, itraconazole,
ketoconazole, ritonavir
Note: Conivaptan is a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4
Reactions
Skin
Erythema (3%)
Peripheral edema (5%)
Mucosal
Oral candidiasis (2%)
Xerostomia (4%)
Other
Application-site edema (3%)
Application-site erythema (5%)
Application-site pain (8%)
Application-site reactions (52%)
Fever (4%)
Phlebitis (5%)