Drug Eruption and Interactions - PHARMACEUTICAL REVIEW

CLOPIDOGREL
Trade name: Plavix (Bristol-Myers Squibb) (Sanofi-Aventis)
Indications: Atherosclerotic events
Category: Antiplatelet, thienopyridine
Half-life: ~8 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions
with: anisindione, anticoagulants, atorvastatin, dicumarol,
fondaparinux, simvastatin, warfarin
Reactions
Skin
Allergic reactions (sic) (1–2.5%)
Angioedema
(2003): Fischer TC+, Am J Med 114(1), 77
Bullous dermatitis (1–2.5%)
Cellulitis
(2003): Wolf I+, Mayo Clin Proc 78(5), 618
Eczema (1–2.5%)
Edema (3–5%)
Exanthems (1–2.5%)
(2001): Blumenthal HL, Beachwood, OH (personal
communication)
(1999): Smith JG, Mobile, AL (generalized) (from Internet)
(observation)
Lichenoid eruption (photosensitive)
(2003): Dogra S+, Br J Dermatol 148(3), 609
Photosensitivity (lichenoid)
(2003): Dogra S+, Br J Dermatol 148(3), 609
Pruritus (3.3%)
(2006): Makkar K+, Ann Pharmacother 40(6), 1204
(1999): Smith JG, Mobile, AL (from Internet) (observation)
Psoriasis
(2006): Meissner M+, Br J Dermatol 155(3), 630
Purpura
(2006): Oo TH, Am J Hematol 81(11), 890
(2006): Patel TN+, J Invasive Cardiol 18(7), E211
(2005): Szuldrzynski K+, Kardiol Pol 63(4), 411
(2004): Andersohn F+, Heart 90(9), e57
(2002): Paradiso-Hardy FL+, Can J Cardiol 18(7), 771 (5 cases)
(2001): Briguori C+, Ital Heart J 2(12), 935
(2001): Medina PJ+, Curr Opin Hematol 8(5), 286
(2001): Nara W+, Am J Med Sci 322(3), 170
(2000): Bennett CL+, NEnglJMed342, 1773 (11 patients)
(2000): Brooker JZ, NEnglJMed343(16), 1192
(2000): Cheung RT, NEnglJMed343(16), 1192
(2000): Chinnakotla S+, Transplantation 70, 550
(2000): Goldstein MR, NEnglJMed343(16), 1192
(2000): Salliere D+, NEnglJMed343(16), 1191
(2000): SoRelle R, Circulation 101, E9036
(2000): Trontell AE+, NEnglJMed343(16), 1191
(1999): Carwile JM+, Blood 94, 1:78
(1999): Connors JM+, Transfusion 39, 56S
Rash (sic) (4.2%)
(2006): Makkar K+, Ann Pharmacother 40(6), 1204 (with
ticlopidine)
toxic dermatitis (sic)
(2001): El-Majjaoui S+, JMalVasc26(3), 207
Ulcerations (1–2.5%)
Urticaria (1–2.5%)
(1997): Coukell AJ+, Drugs 54, 745
Mucosal
Oral ulceration
(2005): Adelola OA+, Ir Med J 98(9), 282
Eyes
Ocular hemorrhage
(2004): Davies BR, Br J Ophthalmol 88(9), 1226 (with aspirin)
Other
Fever
(2006): Ng JA+, Pharmacotherapy 26(7), 1023
(2003): Wolf I+, Mayo Clin Proc 78(5), 618
Hepatotoxicity
(2006): Ng JA+, Pharmacotherapy 26(7), 1023
(2005): Chau TN+, Hong Kong Med J 11(5), 414
Hypersensitivity
(2006): Nebeker JR+, J Am Coll Cardiol 47(1), 175
(2006): Walker NE+, J Invasive Cardiol 18(7), 341
(2005): Comert A+, Int J Dermatol 44(10), 882
(2005): Doogue MP+, Mayo Clin Proc 80(10), 1368
(2001): Sarrot-Reynauld F+, AnnInternMed135(4), 305
Rhabdomyolysis
(2007): Burton JR+, Ann Pharmacother 41(1), 133
(2003): Uber PA+, J Heart Lung Transplant 22(1), 107
CLORAZEPATE
Trade names: Gen-XENE; Novoclopate; Transene; Tranxal;
Tranxen; Tranxene (Ovation) (Abbott); Tranxilen; Tranxilium
Indications: Anxiety and panic disorders
Category: Benzodiazepine
Half-life: 48–96 hours
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions
with: amprenavir, antacids, carbamazepine, carmustine,
chlorpheniramine, clarithromycin, efavirenz, esomeprazole,
imatinib, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, MAO inhibitors,
midazolam, moclobemide, nelfinavir, phenytoin, sucralfate,
theophylline, warfarin
Reactions
CLORAZEPATE 139
Skin
Dermatitis (1–10%)
Diaphoresis (>10%)
Exanthems
(2001): Sachs B+, Br J Dermatol 144(2), 316 (generalized)
Photosensitivity
(1989): Torras H+, JAmAcadDermatol21, 1304
Pruritus
Purpura
Rash (sic) (>10%)
Urticaria
(1981): Bonnetblanc JM+, Ann Dermatol Venereol (French)
108, 177
Vasculitis
(1985): Sanchez NP+, Arch Dermatol 121, 220
Vesiculation
Mucosal
Oral ulceration
Sialopenia (>10%)
Sialorrhea (1–10%)
Xerostomia (>10%)
Nails
Nails – photo-onycholysis
(1989): Torras H+, JAmAcadDermatol21, 1304
Other
Porphyria
(2001): Rassiat E+, Gastroenterol Clin Biol 25(8), 832