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64 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31, 192<br />
Semi-Annual Index<br />
to Articles in<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
Volume XGIV<br />
July to December, 1920, Inclusive ,.<br />
, * * ••<br />
This index comprises a list of all articles of importance which have appeared in PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER since the amalgamation of <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong> with Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> on October<br />
1 1920, together with a similar list of all articles dealing with plumbing and heating subjects as published in<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong> from July to September 1920 inclusive. The sheet metal and<br />
furnace heating section of that publication was consolidated with Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> and published since October 1,<br />
1920, as Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, and the index to these articles will be published in the last issue of Vol. 11<br />
of that journal. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER is devoted exclusively to the plumbing and heating industries<br />
and consequently this index contains articles dealing only with these subjects.<br />
Illustrated Articles Indicated by *<br />
Advertising, and Sales, Peaks and<br />
Valleys in 149—July 30<br />
American Society of Heating and Ventilating<br />
Engineers, Semi-Annual<br />
Meeting, May 26. 27 and 28,<br />
IS—July 2<br />
American Society of Sanitary Engineering:<br />
* Fifteenth Annual Meeting at St.<br />
Louis, Sept. 7—9. 373—Sept.<br />
17<br />
* Nine Men on the Job, One Working—What<br />
Happens ? 479—•<br />
Nov. 5<br />
Associations:<br />
Explanation of Our Local, 483—<br />
Nov. S<br />
Our State, 542—Dec. 3<br />
* Auto Trucks, as an Investment, 512—•<br />
Nov. 19<br />
B<br />
Baillet, H. F.:<br />
Plumbing Secretaries' National<br />
Conference, 280—Aug. 27<br />
Some Thoughts on the Labor<br />
Question, 32—July 9<br />
* Barometers of American Business, 450<br />
—Oct. 8; 476—Oct. 22; 502—<br />
Nov. 5; 526—Nov. 19; 556—<br />
Dec. 3; 582—Dec. 17; 610—<br />
Dec. 31<br />
* Bathrooms, Typical Equipment for<br />
English, 307—Sept. 3<br />
* Bath Tubs, History and Evolution of,<br />
332—Sept. 10<br />
* Big Room for You to Get a Profit,<br />
527—Dec. 3<br />
Illustrated Articles Indicated by *<br />
* Big Show—Free Tickets, 505—Nov.<br />
19<br />
Bixby, J. C, Originality a Factor of<br />
Success, 234—Aug. 20<br />
* Boilers, Where Best Used and Should<br />
Be, 309—Sept. 3<br />
Buckley, Elton J.,<br />
More Oddities of Workmen's Compensation<br />
Law, 81-—July 16<br />
Pro and Con of Cancelling Orders,<br />
285—Aug. 2/<br />
Suits against Railroads for Freight<br />
Delays Due to Congestion, 119<br />
-July 2i<br />
What the Words "In Full to Date"<br />
on the Check Amount To 43—<br />
July 9<br />
Business Methods:<br />
* Electricity or Water—Which?<br />
563—Dec .17<br />
Eye Opener You Will Sav Is Good,<br />
458—Oct. 22<br />
*4—1 = 3, 589—Dec. 31<br />
* Help the Housewife Solve Wash<br />
Day Problem, 503—Nov. 19<br />
* How the Shop Owner May Learn<br />
to Buy and Manage Better, 434<br />
Oct. 8<br />
Include Overhead Expense in Wage<br />
Charge, 214—Aug. 13<br />
Is It Covered in the Estimate?<br />
180—Aug. 6<br />
Originality a Factor of Success,<br />
234—Aug. 20<br />
Peaks and Valleys in Advertising<br />
and Sales, 149—July 30<br />
Price Cutter, Fool or Knave, Not<br />
Salesman, 357—Sept. 10<br />
Step Help 424—Oct. on False You 8 to Pride, Help Let Yourself, Them<br />
* Waiting Time Can Be Turned To<br />
Dollar Profits, 530—Dec. 3<br />
When a Bank Account Pays the<br />
Bank, 588—Dec. 31.<br />
C<br />
* Charts, Vital, Vital, the Vanishing<br />
Point of Profit, 456—Oct. 22<br />
Chew, Frank K., Responsibility and Opportunity<br />
of Heads of Industrial<br />
Enterprises, 306—Sept. 3<br />
Closets:<br />
Connecting to Drains, 144—July 30<br />
Milestone in Evolution of, 36.8—<br />
Sept. 17<br />
Codes, Cleveland Storm Center for<br />
Sanitary, 103—July 23<br />
* Combustion Recorder, New, 100—<br />
July 23<br />
* Comfort Stations, Need for Public,<br />
66—Julv 16<br />
Credits and Collections, 390—Sept. 24<br />
D<br />
Drainage, Research Work on House<br />
Systems, 6—July 2<br />
Drains, Connecting Closets to, 144—<br />
July 30<br />
* Drinking Fountains, Value of Sanitary<br />
Facilities, 33—July 9<br />
Dunlop, John Y.:<br />
* English Ideas in Drain Piping,<br />
231—Aug. 20<br />
* Sanitation in English Farm Buildings,<br />
171—Aug. 6<br />
* Typical English Bathroom Equipment,<br />
307—Sept. 3<br />
Durkin, D. F, Jr.:<br />
Explanation of Our Local Associations,<br />
483—Nov. 5
December 31. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
The Jarvis | Thermoflash<br />
Makes Any Gas Water Heater Automatic<br />
A simple' thermostatic control for the small gas<br />
water heatei that gives a home all the advantages<br />
of automatic hot water service—at low cost.<br />
A fool-proof, trouble-free device that has proven<br />
its abilit-" to serve faithfully throughout a long life.<br />
XLGa£*VV a te rTReaTe <<br />
Easy to Install<br />
—a one-man job—with a<br />
profit on sale and installation.<br />
Consumer's price $35.00<br />
F.O.B. New York<br />
Dealers' discounts on request<br />
Send for descriptive booklet<br />
B. RYAN CO.<br />
372 West 15th St.<br />
NEW YORK, N. Y<br />
BR-fi<br />
No stooping, the slightest touch<br />
of the foot operates the valve.<br />
• '<br />
smpmmm<br />
A Quarter Turn of the<br />
Handle Opens or Closes the<br />
GORTON<br />
QUARTER-TURN<br />
VALVE<br />
It is the easiest operatmg valve in the world, and<br />
users will regulate heat in a room by opening and<br />
closing the radiators, saving steam.<br />
With the old time valve, requiring five or six tur<br />
of the wheel to open or close the valve, users open<br />
the windows to cool a room, an immense waste of<br />
steam.<br />
Wasted steam is wasted coal.<br />
Equip your radiators with Gorton Valves and save<br />
money on your Coal Pile.<br />
Write for Catalogue<br />
Gorton & Lidgerwood Co.<br />
FISHER BLDG., CHICAGO, ILL. 96 LIBERTY ST., NEW YORK, N Y<br />
See Sweets Architectural Catalogue, Page 1635, for Specifications<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when you write.
#<br />
Ten Minutes a Day—$4000 a Year,<br />
113—July 23<br />
National Trade Extension Activities,<br />
274—Aug. 27<br />
Our State Associations, 542—Dec.<br />
3<br />
* Duriron, Batting Average 999.9 Made<br />
in War Continued in Peace,<br />
459—Oct. 22<br />
Eastern Supply Association, Annual<br />
Meeting on October 13, 467—<br />
Oct. 22<br />
Editorials:<br />
Adviser to the Consumer, 346—<br />
Sept. 10<br />
Associations' Program, 404—Sept.<br />
24<br />
Barrel of a Gun, 516—Nov. 19<br />
Be a Plugger, 538—Dec. 3<br />
Business Will Be Good, Plan for<br />
Your Share Now, 538—Dec. 3<br />
Buyer Becoming Careful, 250—Aug.<br />
20<br />
Can Business Men Show Sportsmanship?<br />
154—July 30<br />
Clean House Now, 516—Nov. 19<br />
Collections, 186—Aug. 6—516—Nov.<br />
19<br />
Conditions Support Prices, 42—<br />
July 9<br />
Christmas Greetings, 568—Dec. 17<br />
Conflicting Influences, 320—Sept. 3<br />
Dissipation of Heating Mysteries,<br />
118—July 23<br />
Do You Know the Bank President?<br />
346—Sept. 10<br />
Estimating, 602—Dec. 31<br />
Factory Inspection, 186—Aug. 6<br />
Farmers May Not Look it—But<br />
284—Aug. 27<br />
Fire Prevention Day, 118—July 23<br />
Freight Rates and Deliveries, 284<br />
—Aug. 27<br />
Front Door Policy, 490—Nov. 5<br />
Have Small Supplies Ready, 372—<br />
Sept. 17<br />
Have You Stock on Hand? 80—<br />
July 16<br />
Heating with Boilers, 320—Sept. 3<br />
Humidity Twice Conspicuous, 154<br />
Tulv 30<br />
Is the Heater Ready? 404—Sept. 24<br />
Light of Others, Experience, 568—<br />
Dec. 17<br />
Keep the Public Informed, 56.8—<br />
Dec. 17<br />
Make Everv Job Add to Industry's<br />
Good Name, 462—Oct. 22<br />
National Regulations, 538—Dec. 3<br />
New Heating Contract Terms, 462<br />
—Oct. 22<br />
New Journal on a New Foundation,<br />
438—Oct. 8<br />
New Sentiment in Plumbing Field,<br />
460—Oct. 22<br />
Opening the New Year, 568—Dec.<br />
17<br />
Outings in the Trade, 250—Aug. 20<br />
Outlook for Business, 14—July 2<br />
Pay Envelope, 186—Aug. 6<br />
Perplexities of Business, 372—<br />
Sept. 17<br />
Pointers for Profit, 284—Aug. 27<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> and Laundry Machine,<br />
516—Nov. 19<br />
Potters' Wages Advance, 516—<br />
Nov. 19<br />
Protecting Plumbing in Summer<br />
Homes, 404—Sept. 24<br />
Prove Your Merit by Meeting the<br />
Reading Reminding Responsibility Rush Sanitary —Sept. Emergency, Season, Engineering Customers, 3 and 154—July 538—Dec. 404—Sept. Opportunity, Society 154—July 30 3 24 Meet 320 30<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31. 1920<br />
ing Place, 490—Nov. 5<br />
Set the Day and Send the Bill,<br />
346—Sept. 10<br />
Ship Ventiiation, 42—July 9<br />
The Peace and Good Will Season,<br />
602—Dec. 31<br />
Two Dollars Versus One, 490—<br />
Nov. 5<br />
Water Heaters, 602—Dec. 31<br />
What the Supply Meeting Heard,<br />
462—Oct. 22<br />
Will They Pay? 118—Julv 23<br />
Egan, Neal A., Are <strong>Plumber</strong>s To-day<br />
as Progressive as Twenty Years<br />
Ago? 101—July 23<br />
* Electricity or Water—Which? 563—<br />
Dec. 17<br />
Estimates:<br />
* Accurate Plumbing and Heating,<br />
585—Dec. 31<br />
Half Breed That Costs Money, 432<br />
—Oct. 8<br />
Eye Opener You Will Says Is Good,<br />
458—Oct. 22<br />
* Factories, Heating and Giving Modern<br />
a Ciimate, 484—Nov. 5;<br />
508—Nov. 19<br />
* Father Carries Coal that Exasperates<br />
Mother with Heat, 529—Dec. 3<br />
Fromm, G. A., Credits and Collections,<br />
390—Sept. 24<br />
* Fuller Work, Making Fool Proof,<br />
421—Oct. 8<br />
Gas, Useful Information About Natural<br />
and Artificial, 213—Aug. 13<br />
* Greenhouses, Making Over a Heating<br />
Job in, 8—July 2<br />
Groeniger, William C.:<br />
* History and ^volution of Bath<br />
Tubs, 332—Sept. 10<br />
Self Confidence and Nerve, 104—<br />
July 23<br />
H<br />
* Hack Saws, What You Can Expect<br />
of, 507—Nov. 19<br />
* Heaters:<br />
Gas Water, Father Carries Coal<br />
that Exasperates Mother with<br />
Heat, 529—Dec. 3<br />
* Water, 4—1 = 3, 589—Dec. 31<br />
Heating:<br />
* and Giving Modern Factory a<br />
C'imate, 484— Nov. 5; 508—<br />
Nov. 19<br />
* Guidance for Residence Work, 97<br />
—July 23; 174—Aug. 6; 277—<br />
Aug. 27; 598—Dec. 31<br />
* Homes of Polish City Used as<br />
Fuel, 10—July 2<br />
* Hot Water, New Treatment of,<br />
70—July 16; 146—July 30; 235<br />
—Aug. 20; 336—Sept. 10; 425<br />
—Oct. 8; 487—Nov. 5; 565—<br />
Dec. 17<br />
* Making Over a Greenhouse Job,<br />
8—July 2<br />
* Successful Combination Direct<br />
and Indirect System, 210—Aug.<br />
13<br />
* Warm in Winter—Cool in Summer,<br />
583—Dec. 31<br />
Heating Equipment, Fire Protection<br />
Measures for Installing, 147—<br />
July 30<br />
Heating Men, Technical School Training<br />
for, 365—Sept. 1?<br />
Highway Transportation Show Big<br />
Event, 564—Dec. 17<br />
Hoffman, Training James for D., Heating Technical Men, School 365<br />
-*»*r_h-SJit 17<br />
Hutton, William :<br />
Letters of a <strong>Plumber</strong> to His Helper,<br />
102—Tuly 23; 281—Aug. 27<br />
You Bet To-day's <strong>Plumber</strong> Is Progressive,<br />
333—Sept. 10<br />
Industrial Enterprises, Responsibility<br />
and Opportunity of Heads of,<br />
306—Sept. 3<br />
Information Exchange for Readers'<br />
Problems :<br />
Connecting Boiler to Heat Bathroom,<br />
41 —Tuly 9; *117—Julv<br />
23; *185—Aug. 6; * 215—Aug.<br />
13; * 283—Aug. 27; 345—Sept.<br />
10<br />
Copper Lining Gives Out, 461—<br />
Oct. 22; 539—Dec. 3<br />
Cracked Boiler Sections, 570—Dec.<br />
17; 601—Dec. 31<br />
* Hot Water without the Heat of<br />
a Kitchen Fire, 249—Aug. 20<br />
How Can Volume of Air Be Decreased?<br />
215—Aug. 13; 283—<br />
Aug. 27; 371—«ept. 17<br />
How Is Radiation Figured for<br />
Cellars? 371—Sept. 17<br />
* How Shall Damper Pe Arranged?<br />
13—July 2,<br />
* Imperfect Range Conditions, 539<br />
—Dec. 3<br />
Remedy Sought for Pipes Stopped<br />
by Deposit, 463—Oct. 22<br />
Removing Snow from Greenhouse<br />
Roofs, 601—Dec. 31<br />
Renewing a Deep Well Pump Pipe,<br />
488—Nov. 5<br />
Sink Waste Troubles. 4^7—Oct. 8;<br />
* 488—Nov. 5 ; 539—Dec. 3;<br />
*569—Dec. 17<br />
Troubles Experienced with Pumps,<br />
463—Oct. 22; 540—Dec. 3<br />
Trouble with Pipe Sweating, 79—<br />
July 16<br />
Trouble with Water Backs in<br />
Ranges, 515—Nov. 19; 569—<br />
Dec. 17; 601—Dec. 31<br />
* Valve Does Not Stnn Heating, 437<br />
—Oct. 8; 515—Nov. 19<br />
Wants Special Boiler Covering, 283<br />
—Aug. 27; 371—Sept. 17; 489<br />
Nov. 5; 540—Dec. 3<br />
Wants to Prevent Nickel Tarnishing,<br />
463—Oct. 22; 540—Dec. 3<br />
Water Pipes Sweat, 153—July 30<br />
Will Humidity Cause Rust? 79—<br />
July 16 K<br />
Insurance, Collecting Facts on Com<br />
* Kernan, pensation, Charles F., 217—Aug. Storage 13 Shed for<br />
11 .ernatiotial Pipe or Chamber Conduit, of 331—Sept. Commerce 10<br />
Established, 63—July 16<br />
* Leaks, Stop'em Before They Start,<br />
427—Oct. 8<br />
Legal Phases:<br />
More Oddities of Workmen's Compensation<br />
Law, 81—July 16<br />
Pro and Con of Cancelling Orders,<br />
285—Aug. 27<br />
Suits Against Railroads for Freight<br />
Delays Due to Congestion, 119<br />
—Tuly 23<br />
WJiat "the Words "In Full to Date"<br />
on a Check Amount to, 43—<br />
July 9<br />
Lost Labor Surplus, 549—Dec. 3<br />
Loughlin, Tames, J., Lost Labor Surplus,<br />
549—Dec. 3<br />
* Lynch, Tnhn, Simple Hot Water Supply<br />
for Farm House, 208—Aug.<br />
13
December 31, 1920 PLUMBER AND<br />
Save 60%<br />
on Your Radiator<br />
Hangers<br />
MADE OF WROUGHT IRON<br />
UNBREAKABLE<br />
CUTS LABOR COST,, IN TWO<br />
Write and save money<br />
A.H. JETER & CO., Inc.<br />
95 Webster Avenue<br />
LONG ISLAND CITY, N. Y.<br />
HARTMANN<br />
RADIATOR<br />
BRACKETS<br />
WH|YS<br />
LABOR SAVED<br />
NO WALL STRIPS<br />
NO BREAKAGE<br />
NO DIRT<br />
INEXPENSIVE<br />
Send for descriptive circular and price list<br />
CHARLES HARTMANN GO.<br />
SHEET METAL CONSTRUCTORS<br />
985 Dean St., Brooklyn, N. Y.<br />
Please mention PLUMBEE AND STEAM FITTER when you write.<br />
Next time you order<br />
Brass Pipe<br />
specify<br />
CRESCENT BRAND<br />
I<br />
F you don't you will pay the<br />
same price, but you may not<br />
['"get the highest quality.<br />
We make each piece of Crescent<br />
Brand brass pipe of the purest<br />
Virgin metals; draw it to uniform<br />
diameter and thickness; anneal<br />
it to a regular temper best suited<br />
for plumbing and steam work;<br />
then subject each pipe to internal<br />
hydrostatic pressure of<br />
1000 lbs. Every pipe is full<br />
weight. The walls are free from<br />
cracks or defects of any kind<br />
detrimental to strength. It will<br />
take a clean cut thread, assuring<br />
perfect thread-to-thread contact.<br />
The prices for such quality pipes<br />
are no higher than for many<br />
inferior grades.<br />
Let us send you our plumbers'<br />
price /,../<br />
CONDENSER.© ENGINEERING CO.<br />
CARTERET, N.J.<br />
CRESCENT BRAND PIPE<br />
COPPER BRASS SPECIAL ALLOYS<br />
65
December 31, 1920<br />
M<br />
Mahon, W. A., Abuse Versus the Use<br />
of Motor Trucks, 536—Dec. 3<br />
Massachusetts Sanitary Club, Inspiring<br />
Meeting of, 517—Nov. 19<br />
Motor Trucks:<br />
Abuse Versus the Use of, 536<br />
—Dec. 3<br />
* As an Investment, 512—Nov. 19<br />
Important to Maintain Efficiency<br />
of, 246—Aug. 20<br />
* Murray, John A. Company, Incorporates,<br />
535—Dec. 3<br />
N<br />
Nash, C. B., Next Step in Sanitation<br />
Work, 400—Sept. 24<br />
National Trade Extension Bureau :<br />
Activities of, 274—Aug. 27<br />
Field Representatives Take to<br />
Road, 486—Nov. 5<br />
Niagara Falls of Business Information,<br />
442—Oct. 8<br />
Reputation Doesn't Happen—It Is<br />
Built, 534—Dec. 3<br />
* Nine Men on the Job, One Working—What<br />
Happens? 479—Nov.<br />
O<br />
Obituaries:<br />
Allen, John R., 491—Nov. 5<br />
Boatenreiter, Charles B., 574—Dec.<br />
17<br />
Brady, Philip, 449—Oct. 8<br />
Bronaugh, W. L., 194—Aug. 6<br />
Carrigan, Peter E, 21—Juiy 2<br />
Cragin, Alger A., 519—Nov. 19<br />
Donnelly, Michael J., 519—Nov. 19<br />
Duffy, M. J., 497—Nov. 5<br />
Eichel, Edwin A., 224— Aug. 13<br />
Fairbanks, Edward, 575—Dec. 17<br />
Gause, Bernard, 195—Aug. 6<br />
Grey, John, 91—July 16<br />
Hutchinson, Benjamin, H. P., 58—<br />
July 9<br />
Kent, Ge<strong>org</strong>e J., 294—Aug 27<br />
Kimball, Richard D., 507—Nov. 19<br />
Limbert, Ge<strong>org</strong>e B., 452—Oct. 22<br />
Manney, Thomas E., 498—Nov. 5<br />
Mendall, Walter A., 130—July 23<br />
Nash, Daniel F., 520—Nov. 19<br />
Nutter, Matthew H., 525—Nov. 19<br />
Randolph, Isham, 225—Aug. 13<br />
Shields, John T., 91—July 16<br />
Walworth, Arthur C, 21—July 2<br />
Wilkinson, Andrew E., 522—Nov.<br />
19<br />
Wolff, John F, 471—Oct. 22<br />
Overhead Expense, Include in Wage<br />
Charge, 214—Aug. 13<br />
•Parker, Edward E., New Treatment<br />
of Hot Water Heating, 70—<br />
July 16 146—July 30; 235—<br />
Aug. 20; 336—Sept. 10; 425—<br />
Oct. 8; 487—Nov. 5; 565—Dec.<br />
17<br />
* Parks, F. N., Information on Method<br />
of Repairing Pumps, 207—Aug.<br />
13<br />
Path That Leads to Money in the<br />
Bank, * 302—Sept. 3; * 329—<br />
Sept. 10; * 359—Sept. 17;—389<br />
Sept. 24; 433—Oct. 8; * 452—<br />
Oct. 15<br />
* Pipe, Scale-Free—What It Is—<br />
How It Is Made, 595—Dec.<br />
31<br />
* Pipe Machine, Pertinent Facts on<br />
Power, 482—Nov. 5<br />
* Piping, English Idea of Drain, 231—<br />
Aug. 20<br />
P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s:<br />
Are Progressive To-day as Twenty<br />
Years Ago? 101—July 2i<br />
Effects of Standardization on<br />
Small, 335—Sept. 10 370—Sept<br />
17 480—Nov. 5<br />
Letters of a to His Helper, 102—<br />
July 23 ; 281—Aug. 27<br />
You Bet To-day's Is Progressive<br />
333—Sept. 10<br />
Plumiiing :<br />
And Epidemic Prevention in<br />
Europe, 209—Aug. 13<br />
Modern Work in the Skyscraper<br />
429—Oct. 8; 454— Oct. 22<br />
* Solving a Factorv Wash Room<br />
Problem, 533—Dec. 3<br />
* Warm Weather Practice 142—<br />
July 30<br />
* Plumbing Displays, Big Show, Free<br />
Tickets, 505—Nov. 19<br />
* Plumbing Sales, Speeding up Fall<br />
Supply, 477—Nov. 5<br />
Plumbing Secretaries, National Conference<br />
of, 280—Aug. 27<br />
* Plumbing Trade, Respect for Essential<br />
for Its Success, 510—Nov.<br />
19<br />
Portraits:<br />
Allen, Tohn R., 491—Nov. 5<br />
Beck, William F., 537—Dec. 3<br />
Brown, Isaac, J., 46c—July 9<br />
Evans, Toseph F., 467—Oct. 22<br />
Farrel, Harry J., 537—Dec. 3<br />
Gause, Bernard, 195—Aug. 6<br />
Groeniger, William C, 405—Sept.<br />
24; 479—Nov. 5<br />
Hoffman, James, D., 365—Sept. 17<br />
Maddocks, A. M., 467—Oct. 22<br />
Murray, John A., 535—Dec. 3<br />
Sanborn, E. W., 45—July 9<br />
Timmis, Walter S., 541—Dec. 3<br />
Whitaker, John F., 158—July 30<br />
Woolley, William J., 469—Oct. 22<br />
Power:<br />
* Assisted bv Air Overcomes<br />
Troubles, '559—Dec. 17<br />
* Required for Pumping, How to<br />
Determine, 592—Dec. 31<br />
Profit:<br />
* Big Room for You to Get, 527—<br />
Dec. 3<br />
* Vital, the Vanishing Point of,<br />
456—Oct. 22<br />
* Waiting Time Can Be Turned<br />
to Dollar, 530—Dec. 3<br />
Public Health, Administration of in<br />
Ohio, 69—July 16<br />
* Pumps,<br />
* How to Determine Power Required<br />
for, 592—Dec. 31<br />
R<br />
Method of Repairing, 207—Aug. 13<br />
* Power Assisted by Air Over<br />
Relation comes of the Trouble, Public to 559—Dec. the <strong>Worker</strong>, 17<br />
150—July 30<br />
R8putation Doesn't Happen—It Is<br />
Built, 534—Dec. 3<br />
Research Work, on House Drainage<br />
Systems, 6—July 2<br />
Residences, Ohio, Warm in Winter—<br />
Cool in Summer, 583—Dec. 31<br />
* Residence Work, Heating Guidance<br />
for. 97—Julv 23; 174—Aug. 6;<br />
277—Aug. "27; 598—Dec. 31<br />
Sanitary Engineers, Value of the Trade<br />
Evolution of Sanitary Ideas and<br />
Needs, 560—Dec. 17<br />
Press to the, 369—Sept. 17<br />
Sanitation :<br />
W<br />
* In English Farm Buildings, 171 —<br />
Aug. 6<br />
The Next Step in the Work, 400—<br />
Sept. 24<br />
* Ships, Are Properly Ventilated? 35<br />
-July 9<br />
Shops, Requirements for a Sanitary<br />
and Healthful, 247—Aug. 20<br />
* Shop Owners, How They May Learn<br />
to Buy and Manage Better,<br />
434—Oct. 8<br />
Showrooms:<br />
* Big Room For You to Get a<br />
Profit, 527—Dec. 3<br />
* Big Show—Free Tickets, 505—<br />
Nov. 19<br />
* Skyscrapers, Modern Plumbing Work<br />
in, 429—Oct. 8; 454—Oct. 22<br />
Smith, Aden E., Administration of<br />
Public Health in Ohio, 69—<br />
July 16<br />
* Solvent, Prevention, "Two Pounds to<br />
the Can," 453—Oct. 22<br />
Standardization, Effect of on Small<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s, 335—Sept. 10; 370—<br />
Sept. 17; 480—Nov. 5<br />
•Stoddard, W. B„ Speeding Up Fall<br />
Plumbing Supply Sales, 477—<br />
Nov. 5<br />
* Storage Shed for Pipe Conduit, 331<br />
—Sept. 10<br />
* Tests, Batting Average of 999.9,<br />
Made in War, Continued in<br />
Peace, 459—Oct. 22<br />
Tools, Books as, 44—July 9<br />
Trade;<br />
America Must Buy Abroad to<br />
Prosper, 11—July 2<br />
Conditions in Argentina and Boliva,<br />
114— July 23<br />
Foreign Solution for Future Prosperity,<br />
38—July 9<br />
Trade Press, Value of to the Sanitary-<br />
Engineer, 369—Sept. 17<br />
Transportation Facilities, When New<br />
York's Were Blocked, 187—<br />
Aug. 6 V<br />
* Ventilation, Are Ships Properly Ventilated?<br />
35—July 9<br />
Vocational Training, Technical School<br />
for Heating Men, 365—Sept. 17<br />
W<br />
* Washing Machines,<br />
* Electricity or Water—Which?<br />
563—Dec. 17<br />
Help the Housewife Solve Wash<br />
Day Problem, 503—Nov. 19<br />
* Washrooms, Solving Factory Problem,<br />
533—Dec. 3<br />
Water Supplv<br />
* Frost-Proofing the, 143—July 30<br />
•Keeping Them on the Farm, 511<br />
—Nov. 19<br />
• Simple Hot for Farm House, 208<br />
—Aug. 13<br />
• Welding, Oxweld Engineers Solve<br />
Interesting Contracting Problem,<br />
510—Nov. 19<br />
Williams, Hamp, Trade with Your<br />
Local Merchant—It Pays, 275—<br />
Aug. 27<br />
* Window Displays,<br />
* I think Good Pay—D. H. Kelly—<br />
557—Dec. 17<br />
Speeding Up Fall Plumbing Supplv<br />
Sale-, 477—Nov. 5<br />
Wrought Term, Pipe, 532—Dec. Disapproval 3<br />
of Trade
68<br />
P L U M B E R A N D S T E A M F I T T E R<br />
December 31. 1920<br />
WHERE TO BUY<br />
These pages will tell the reader where he can buy. They list all manufacturers and distributors<br />
using the advertising pages of this journal at least once every month Addresses may readily be<br />
S e d by turning to the alphabetical Index to Advertisers as noted at the foot of these pages,<br />
and then turning to the advertisement in this or one of the recent issues.<br />
Air Washing Apparatus<br />
Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co.<br />
Ball Cocks<br />
Central Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
Frost Mfg. Co.<br />
Morency-Van Buren Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Trenton Brass __ Machine Co.<br />
Wolverine Brass Works<br />
Bath Fittings<br />
Central Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
Frost Mfg. Co.<br />
Morency-Van Buren Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co.<br />
Street & Kent Mfg. Co.<br />
Trenton Brass & Machine Co.<br />
Wolverine Brass Works<br />
Bath Tubs<br />
Kohler Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co.<br />
Wolff Mfg. Co.<br />
Blowers and Exhausters<br />
Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co.<br />
Wing, L- J., Mfg. Co.<br />
Boilers, Combined Range & Gas<br />
Water Heater<br />
Bastian-Morley Co.<br />
Boiler Compound<br />
Economy Scale Remover Co.<br />
Shur-Tite Mfg. Co.<br />
X Labaratories<br />
Boilers, Heating<br />
Gorton & Lidgerwood Co.<br />
Hamburg Boiler Works<br />
Pierce, Butler & Pierce Mfg.<br />
Corp.<br />
Smith, H. B., Co.<br />
Boilers, Power<br />
Gorton & Lidgerwood Co.<br />
Boiler, Range<br />
Dahlquist Mfg. Co.<br />
Detroit Range Boiler & Steel<br />
Barrel Co.<br />
Gerstein Bros. & Cooper Co.<br />
Gorton & Lidgerwood Co.<br />
Hamburg Boiler Works<br />
Koven, L. O., & Co.<br />
Trageser, John, <strong>Steam</strong> Copper<br />
Works<br />
Books<br />
U. P. C. Book Co.<br />
Brass Goods and Fittings<br />
Central Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
Frost Mfg. Co.<br />
Kinsey & Mahler Co.<br />
Morency-Van Buren Mfg. Co.<br />
National Tube Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co.<br />
Street & Kent Mfg. Co.<br />
Trenton Brass & Machine Co.<br />
Brasiers, Gasoline<br />
Clayton & Lambert Mfg. Co<br />
Cabinets, Medicine<br />
Hess Warming & Vent. Co.<br />
Castings, Iron and Steel<br />
Illinois Malleable Iron Co.<br />
Duriron Co.<br />
Cellar Drainers<br />
Blake Specialty Co.<br />
Compound Injector & Specialty<br />
Co.<br />
Economy Pumping Machinery<br />
Co.<br />
Cesspools, Brass<br />
Trenton Brass & Machine Co.<br />
Chain Pipe Vises<br />
Williams, J. H., & Co.<br />
Closet Flanges<br />
Groeninger, W. C. Co.<br />
Closet Tank Fittings<br />
Ayling & Reichert Co.<br />
Central Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
Frost Mfg. Co.<br />
Morency-Van Buren Mfg Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Cocks, Gas and <strong>Steam</strong><br />
Kinsey __ Mahler Co.<br />
Copper Pipe, Seamless<br />
Wheeler Condenser &<br />
Engineering Co.<br />
Coppersmiths<br />
Gerstein Bros. & Cooper<br />
Damper Regulators<br />
Wing, L J. Mfg. Co.<br />
Drains<br />
Blake Specialty Co.<br />
Josam Mfg. Co.<br />
Drills<br />
Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co.<br />
Starrett, L- S., Co.<br />
Drinking Fountains<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Wolff Mfg. Co.<br />
Drop F<strong>org</strong>ings<br />
Bliss, E. W., & Co.<br />
Williams, J. H., & Co.<br />
Dust Collectors<br />
Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co.<br />
Exhausters<br />
Wing, L. J., Mfg. Co.<br />
Exhaust Fans<br />
(See Blowers)<br />
Fans Exhaust and Ventilating<br />
Wing, L. J., Mfg. Co.<br />
Fire Pots, Gasoline & Kerosene<br />
Bernz, Otto<br />
Clayton & Lambert Mfg. Co.<br />
Double Blast Mfg. Co.<br />
Flag Poles. Tubular<br />
National Tube Co.<br />
Floats, Tank<br />
Ayling & Reichert Co.<br />
Furnaces, Pipeless<br />
Co-operative Foundry Co.<br />
Majestic Co.<br />
Gasoline Engines<br />
Flint & Walling Mfg. Co.<br />
Gasoline Tanks<br />
Trageser, John, <strong>Steam</strong> Copper<br />
Works<br />
Grease Traps<br />
Compound Injector &<br />
Specialty Co.<br />
Hack Saws<br />
Starrett, L- S., Co.<br />
Heaters, Automatic Water<br />
American Heater Co.<br />
Bastian-Morley Co.<br />
Heater Attachments, Automatic<br />
Control for<br />
Ryan, B., Co.<br />
Heating and Ventilating Apparatus<br />
Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co.<br />
Heatings Systems<br />
Haynes Selling Co.<br />
Humidifiers<br />
Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co.<br />
Injectors, Compound Automatic<br />
Compound Injector & Specialty<br />
Co.<br />
Iron Pipe Couplings<br />
Crane Co.<br />
Lavatories<br />
Kohler Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co.<br />
Wolff Mfg. Co.<br />
Lead, Caulking<br />
Eagle Picher Lead Co.<br />
Levers Closet Tank<br />
Central Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
Frost Mfg. Co.<br />
Morency-Van Buren Mfg. Co.<br />
Packing Sheet<br />
Jenkins Bros.<br />
Paint<br />
Barrett Co., The<br />
Pipe and Fittings<br />
Crane Co.<br />
Flint & Walling Mfg. Co.<br />
Illinois Malleable Iron Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Pipe Bending Machines<br />
Martin, H. P., & Sons<br />
Pipe Covering<br />
Wyckoff, A., & Son Co.<br />
Pipe Cutting and Threadng<br />
Tools and Machines<br />
Armstrong Mfg. Co.<br />
Borden Co.<br />
Curtis & Curtis Co.<br />
Merrell Mfg. Co.<br />
Saunders. D., Sons<br />
Toledo Pipe Threading Mach.<br />
Co.<br />
Pipe, Lead<br />
Eagle Picher Lead Co.<br />
Pipe, Acid Resisting<br />
Duriron Co.<br />
Pirje, Soil, Cast Iron<br />
Crane Co.<br />
Duriron Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Weiskittel, A., & Son Co.<br />
Pipe, Seamless Brass & Copper<br />
Wheeler Condenser and Engineering<br />
Co.<br />
Pipe, Steel<br />
Crane Co.<br />
National Tube Co.<br />
Pipe Wrenches, Chain<br />
(See Wrenches. Pipe)<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Tools, Specialties and<br />
Supplies<br />
Blake Specialty Co.<br />
Kinsey & Mahler Co.<br />
Morency-Van Buren Mfg. Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg, Co.<br />
Pierce, Butler & Pierce Mfg.<br />
Corp.<br />
Products Corp.<br />
I-imdle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co.<br />
Toledo Pipe Threading Mach.<br />
Co.<br />
Trenton Brass & Mach. Co.<br />
Williams, J. H., & Co.<br />
Wolff Mfg. Co.<br />
Wolverine Brass Works<br />
Pumps, Cistern, Well and<br />
Windmill<br />
Flint & Walling Mfg. Co.<br />
Radiator Hangers<br />
Hartmann, Chas., Co.<br />
Jeter, A. H., Co.<br />
Radiators, <strong>Steam</strong> and Hot Watei<br />
Hartmann, Chas., Co.<br />
Pierce, Butler & Pierce Mfg.<br />
Co.<br />
Smith, H. B., Co.<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when you write.<br />
Roof Flanges<br />
Barrett Co.<br />
Bullard Specialty Co.<br />
Eagle Picher Lead Co<br />
Runners, Lead<br />
Wilkins, G. H., Co.<br />
Schools<br />
Cleveland Engineering Inst.<br />
St. Louis Tecnical Institute<br />
Scrap <strong>Metal</strong> Buyers<br />
Hartman, Ingot <strong>Metal</strong> Co.<br />
Shampoo Fixtures<br />
Central Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Street & Kent Mfg. Co.<br />
Shower Baths<br />
Crane Co.<br />
Kohler Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co.<br />
Sinks<br />
Kohler Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co.<br />
Soil Pipe and Fittings<br />
Blake Specialty Co.<br />
Duriron Co.<br />
Estabrook's, R.. Sons Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Solder<br />
Allen, L. B. Co., Inc.<br />
Eagle Picher Lead Co.<br />
Soldering Furnaces<br />
Bernz, Otto, Co.<br />
Clayton & Lambert Mfg. Co.<br />
Soot Destroyer<br />
Utility Produrt Co.<br />
<strong>Steam</strong> and Gas <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Supplies<br />
Crane Co.<br />
Illinois Malleable Iron Co.<br />
Trenton Brass & Machine Co.<br />
Williams, J. H., Co.<br />
<strong>Steam</strong> and Gas <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Tools<br />
Curtis & Curtis Co.<br />
Saunders. D., Sons<br />
Toledo Pipe Threading Mach.<br />
Co.<br />
<strong>Steam</strong> Pipe Casing<br />
Wyckoff, A., & Son Co.<br />
Steel Stamps and Stencils<br />
Schwerdtle Stamp Co.<br />
Stoppers<br />
Wolverine Brass Works<br />
Stove Repairs<br />
Marcy Stove Repair Co.<br />
Stove Repair Corp.<br />
Stoves and Ranges<br />
Co-operative Foundry Co.<br />
Graff Furnace Co.<br />
Stoves and Ranges, Gas<br />
Weiskittel, A., & Son Co.<br />
Tanks, Expansion<br />
Horigan Supply Co.<br />
Trageser, John, <strong>Steam</strong> Copper<br />
Works<br />
Tanks, Closet<br />
Kohler Co.<br />
N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co.<br />
Rundle-Spence Mfg. Co.<br />
Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co.<br />
Tanks, Hot Water<br />
Hamburg Boiler Works<br />
Koven, L. O., & Bro.<br />
Patterson-Kelley Co.<br />
Tanks, Pneumatic<br />
Hamburg Boiler Works<br />
Thcrmoflash<br />
B. Ryan Co.
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
The Magazine for<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
NEW YORK JULY 2, 1920 Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
A<br />
Views of an English Contractor<br />
on the Possibilities and Popularity<br />
VOLUME 94, No. 1<br />
More Furnace Trade Abroad?<br />
American Manufacturers and Heating Contractors<br />
Should Give Their Views on Points Raised<br />
GREAT deal of interest will doubtless be<br />
taken in the following letter from F. A.<br />
Norris & Co., 11-12 St. Andrews Hill, Queen<br />
Victoria Street, London, England, whose comment on<br />
furnace heating is candid if not complimentary.<br />
It seems evident that the furnaces which have been<br />
used and the method of installation have left something<br />
to be desired and opportunity is afforded by<br />
the conditions reported for American manufacturers<br />
to make those recommendations which can effect the<br />
necessary changes to create a popularity that will be<br />
followed by a demand.<br />
London, May 37th, 1920.<br />
The Editor,<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>,<br />
343 West Thirtv-ninth Street,<br />
New York City, U. S. A.<br />
Dear Sir:<br />
We have read with interest your article by "More Trade"'<br />
in the April 23 issue of your paper, on the possibility of<br />
introducing furnace heating into this country.<br />
As you are doubtless aware the most widely adopted<br />
method here is low pressure hot water, more especially<br />
for residence work. In the larger buildings direct steam<br />
heating on plenum installations are occassionally installed.<br />
We are afraid that there would be a great deal of prejudice<br />
in this country against the use of warm-air furnaces<br />
for warming private houses, but we should certainly like<br />
to have your view of this method of warming.<br />
It was our practice many years ago to install warm-air<br />
furnaces for heating churches, but in recent years we have<br />
entirely discontinued this method of warming and have<br />
substituted low pressure hot water heating. The difficulties<br />
we experienced even in church work was that the ducts<br />
eventually became choked with dust and dirt, thus leading<br />
somewhat to a vitiated atmosphere in the building.<br />
If warm-air furnaces were installed in this country, it<br />
would be necessary to insure that no dust should enter the<br />
rooms even when the furnaces are first lighted and we<br />
shall be interested to know how this difficulty is overcome.<br />
We recognize, of course, that a furnace is probably more<br />
economical than an open fire. At the same time we think<br />
the average Englishmen would prefer the open fire to<br />
a method of warming which would be likely to convey<br />
dust and dirt to the rooms and provide an unhealthy<br />
atmosphere.<br />
You will, of course, recognize also that in this country<br />
we are dealing with different atmospheric conditions. A<br />
mild atmosphere only is required in bedrooms, and 55 deg.<br />
Fahr. would be the maximum temperature, and in living<br />
rooms 60 to 62 deg. Fahr. These temperatures, of course,<br />
could be easily maintained and regulated by means of<br />
radiators, but would this apply to a furnace?<br />
As stated we have had considerable experience in all<br />
classes of warming and from our experiences cannot say<br />
that warm air has ever appealed to any extent to our<br />
customers. We should very much like, however, to have<br />
your views, and probably those of some of the manufacturers.<br />
Trusting to hear from you at your convenience.<br />
We are, dear sir,<br />
Yours faithfully,<br />
(Signed) F. A. NORRIS & CO.<br />
It is the American furnace manufacturers and<br />
heating contractors who should give their experience<br />
and views in response to the request in the last paragraph.<br />
Here is a field that is hesitating and to<br />
be developed needs light on the best practice.<br />
There is a splendid opportunity for the true<br />
friends of furnace heating to present their experience<br />
to show that the matters that have deterred this<br />
house from taking up furnace heating are not the<br />
natural result of its adoption. The space required<br />
will be provided for the publication of anything that<br />
will aid in building up a trade and prestige abroad<br />
for one of the popular methods of heating American<br />
houses. Such information should be furnished us for<br />
publication as well as sent to this firm so that all the<br />
foreign heating contractors may gather the courage<br />
to use a quite generally accepted method of heating<br />
houses in this country.<br />
Our response to the request may well be supplemented<br />
by men who have specialized in this field<br />
and from continual contact with it are better qualified<br />
to handle the subject authoritatively.<br />
VaKAdult<br />
cop.
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2, 1920<br />
Reference to our issues of Jan. 2 and April 30<br />
will show the fine types of American home in which<br />
furnaces are used to insure comfort in winter. They<br />
indicate that their owners were not influenced by the<br />
cost of the outfit and were doubtless quite exacting<br />
about the cleanliness of their homes.<br />
This is evidence that dust and dirt are not necessarily<br />
a feature for consideration but an incident<br />
attending all indirect systems of heating.<br />
Provision for the avoidance of dust in districts<br />
where the air is contaminated with soot and smoke have<br />
been equal to necessity and yet their description and<br />
illustration may well be given to aid this firm which<br />
is seeking information. It is by no means uncommon<br />
to erect the piping so that it can be readily taken<br />
down and cleaned. There are furnaces so made that<br />
nothing from the fire ever enters the air heating<br />
passages.<br />
It is quite possible that the criticism is rather<br />
severe compared with the unavoidable dust attending<br />
the use of an open fire. So far as the effect upon<br />
health is concerned it has been demonstrated by long<br />
lived Americans that there is nothing detrimental<br />
about furnace lieating. A furnace that gives any<br />
other evidence than a moving current of warm air<br />
from the register that a fire has been started is a<br />
reflection on the heating contractor who selected one<br />
of the cheap and faulty types instead of a reflection<br />
on the method of heating.<br />
It is a matter of record that there is an industry<br />
here in manufacturing furnaces. Some concerns confine<br />
their production to a high class of construction<br />
which in service is free from any cause for complaint<br />
along the line suggested. There are<br />
Furnaces furnace heating systems in a large per-<br />
Used in centage of the finest houses in the<br />
Larger country and often they include four or<br />
Residences five furnaces to heat the rambling plan<br />
of the larger and more pretentious<br />
type of building.<br />
That a furnace is well adapted to low cost homes<br />
is demonstrated by their extensive use for heating.<br />
That the furnace could well be a better type and the<br />
installation could be improved to avoid even a "-enerous<br />
criticism cannot be denied. Such an outfit<br />
should never be sent abroad under false pretenses but<br />
only under its true colors of cheapness.<br />
It is a matter of fact, however, that even such outfits<br />
have continued in demand, though their influence<br />
is often detrimental to the work that men of such<br />
practice do in homes where better practice is desired<br />
and expected.<br />
Our response is now before the field at home and<br />
abroad and, whether f>ood or short of what it should<br />
be, it is something intended to be helpful to the English<br />
inquirer and to be suggestive to furnace industry<br />
of what it can best supply to meet the important<br />
questions more fully. It is worthy of some effort on<br />
the part of the manufacturers who are most interested<br />
to give that information which not only would<br />
be invaluable abroad but uplifting and inspiring at<br />
home.<br />
Our invitation to use our columns for the purpose<br />
i.s repeated as the use will insure a wide effect for<br />
the instructive effort that should be expended.<br />
Selling Furnaces to Women<br />
Remember always that the wife spends more time<br />
in the house than the man and therefore things<br />
which might seem details to a man are highly important<br />
to her.<br />
This conclusion was reached by a wise dealer in<br />
Northern Wisconsin who has been selling Gilt Edge<br />
furnances for 15 years. And in view of this dealer's<br />
success his words are well worth listening to and,<br />
having been presented in Gilt Edgings, issued by<br />
R. J. Schwab & Sons Co., Milwaukee, are represented<br />
here.<br />
For example, he says, in selling a Gilt Edge furnace<br />
to a woman, lay emphasis on the fact that smoke<br />
does not back up through the registers, because she<br />
will not tolerate smoke. To a man a little smoke<br />
means only temporary discomfort, but a woman<br />
knows what it does to wall paper and curtains.<br />
Point out how little attention it requires, as no<br />
woman wants to drop her housework in order to run<br />
down cellar and "fix the furnace". Neither does she<br />
want a furnace that is going to overheat the cellar<br />
and spoil her fruit and vegetables, so it is worth<br />
while stressing the fact that the Gilt Edge furnace<br />
develops heat that goes into the registers, where<br />
it belongs, instead of radiating through the cellar.<br />
These are only a few of the points which this<br />
dealer brought out in a brief conversation. He summed<br />
it all up by saying that where a woman is concerned<br />
one should not dwell on mechanical construction,<br />
for they are not usually mechanically inclined,<br />
but rather upon the results secured through these<br />
structural features They are not much interested in<br />
how a furnace is made as in what it will do.<br />
Finally, Gilt Edge durability is an important point<br />
to emphasize. As has been mentioned, the wife has<br />
to remain in the house a good part of her time and<br />
naturally she has a horror of a cold house while the<br />
furnace is closed down for repairs. Especially is<br />
this true when there are small children in the house.<br />
Convince a woman that the Gilt Edge is built for<br />
steady service and does not get out of order and you<br />
have gone a long way toward closing the sale.<br />
A High Tribute Paid to Us<br />
L. N. HOOVER<br />
Hardware<br />
Stoves, Tin and Enameled Ware<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>,<br />
New York.<br />
Dear Sirs:<br />
nronri ? Pr 7 tiCe . oy • at the a *? e of sixteen vears to<br />
Proprietor of an extensive contracting business in the allied<br />
•n -I"" 1 '" g . Sheet metal and steam fitting,' in which<br />
business it has always been of great practical advantage<br />
to me vocering a period of nearly fifty years, I ha ve bee_<br />
a reader and subscriber to METAL WORKER, __..MDFR AKD<br />
STFAM F.TTF.R and today with mv larger responsibilitSs<br />
and multitude of duties and interests, I g ,et fiXTepap-r<br />
of just as much interest as when a mere boy I faithfuUstudied<br />
,t for the practical instruction it gave me<br />
I feel that there is no money that is better spent than<br />
Yours very truly,<br />
the subscription of METAL WORKER, PLUMBFR AX„ L "<br />
F.TTER, and it with much pleasure<br />
(Signed)<br />
that I enclosechect<br />
L. N. He<br />
%
IITLY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 3<br />
It Can Be Given New Prestige and Impetus<br />
By Methods in Common Use in Other Fields<br />
Will Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Men Drive Their In<br />
By Frank K. Qhe r w<br />
T H E R E is one purpose on which .ill who are loyal<br />
to the industry from which they derive their<br />
subsistence can unite and that is to show its best<br />
productions so as to create a public interest. Some<br />
of the things that should be done have been so persistently<br />
and frequently offered that it seems useless<br />
to present them again. That verj r activity, however,<br />
is like plowing the ground, harrowing it, cultivating<br />
it and rolling it before the final seeding is made from<br />
which the harvest is reaped.<br />
Here Are Some of the Things to Do.—<br />
Will You Start Doing Them Now?<br />
The farmer who is not succesful is never discouraged<br />
in having to use the hoe after he has plowed,<br />
harrowed and cultivated if the use of the hoe<br />
will loosen the soil and insure that the seed will take<br />
so that the harvest may eventually be reaped. Many<br />
sheet metal workers take pride in their handicraft<br />
and skill, but have failed to realize that a time has<br />
been reached in their business career when they are<br />
no longer craftsmen but are rather under the responsibility<br />
of seeing that those who need the products of<br />
their skill and craft are made aware of it then. They<br />
should realize that a new duty has befallen them to<br />
secure the attention of the prospective customer so<br />
as to make him a certain buyer of their product. This<br />
means a campaign of education which is always<br />
laborious, expensive and seldom as fruitful as would<br />
be more encouraging to those who must engage in it.<br />
There is an old injunction that we must never<br />
grow weary in well doing and it is well to keep that<br />
in mind when anything worth having is being sought.<br />
Just remember there is a good deal of back breaking<br />
work in getting the gold nugget out of the ground<br />
and in panning the pay dirt to separate the grains<br />
of gold.<br />
In almost all associations of sheet metal contractors<br />
and in every field where sheet metal men congregate,<br />
there are those who by natural taste<br />
How Shall are readers. There is little in print<br />
the Educa- in their particular field that escapes<br />
tional Work their attention. Some of them have<br />
Be Done clippings of particular value which<br />
they have cut out of their papers and<br />
magazines for reference.<br />
These men should be appointed on a committee<br />
so that at each meeting of the association or each<br />
gathering of the bidders for given work where the<br />
blue-prints and specifications are open for the purpose,<br />
they may call to attention the things they have<br />
read which the other fellows should read but have<br />
• Read before Baltimore Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>s' Association, May<br />
27, 1920, and the National Association of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors,<br />
Peoria, 111., June 2-11.<br />
neglected through lack of establishing the reading<br />
habit. If in the regular association there were handed<br />
up to the secretary's desk at every meeting night<br />
a list of the things which the sheet metal contractor<br />
should read, many suffering from lack of information<br />
afforded by their papers would go home and glean it.<br />
They could use this information for providing better<br />
for their families, for doing better work for their<br />
customers and for securing a better prestige and<br />
reputation for themselves and for a general uplift to<br />
the industry that would be far reaching in its influence<br />
for good. Has your association such a trade press<br />
committee? If the committee should recommend that<br />
the members read the article "One Big Influence for<br />
Good Roofing," in METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
STEAM FITTER for May 7; "The Method of Developing<br />
the Patterns for and Ornamental Church Cross,"<br />
in the American Artisan of May 15; the article on<br />
"Sheet <strong>Metal</strong>, Price, Production and Delivery," in<br />
METAL WORKER AND STEAM FITTER of May 21; the<br />
article on "Theory and Practice of Welding Sheet<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Work," in Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> of May; and the article<br />
on "Laying Out Patterns for A Curved Rectangular<br />
Twisted Compound Elbow," in METAL WORKER,<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER of May 28, will any<br />
one question the assertion that some matter will be<br />
brought to the attention of a member that will be of<br />
great importance to him ?<br />
There is another point in this reading business.<br />
Have you ever found the man who was a careful<br />
reader of his trade paper to be that character of competitor<br />
who always makes a low price and is a hard<br />
man to meet in competition? In your observation of<br />
men have you not learned that the man who is a<br />
reader is a leader? Are the officers of your association<br />
readers or not? It is worth while to look into<br />
this matter of reading to see whether or not you are<br />
reading as much as you should.<br />
Most men who conduct shops of considerable size<br />
have several different men devoted to different work<br />
their employ. When their paper is<br />
How to delivered by the postman, they should<br />
Read Your give it five minutes. They should<br />
Trade mark one article for Bill who looks<br />
Paper after all of the skylight work, another<br />
article for Tom who is the roofing<br />
expert, and another article for Sam who is the cornice<br />
man. And, if need be or there is occasion for it,<br />
another for Williani the blower piping expert.<br />
These men should be instructed to make their<br />
comments on the article on a piece of paper and pin<br />
it fast to the page so that if the practice recommended
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
is better than that of the shop, changes can be made<br />
to use it. If the shop practice is better, the proprietor<br />
will confer a favor on all the trade if he<br />
will write to the editor and say what the practice in<br />
his shop is and that he is constrained to do so as<br />
the result of reading a given article.<br />
What would be the effect of such an expenditure<br />
of five minutes and the writing of such letters? Would<br />
it be beneficial to the industry or not?<br />
Then, if somebody in the office cut these pages out<br />
of the paper and filed them under appropriate headings<br />
where they could be secured when needed, would<br />
it not save the time of some fellow in the shop who<br />
is called upon to do a line of work with which he is<br />
not specially familiar? If he could go into the file<br />
and pull out 25 or 100 clippings and go over them<br />
and refresh his memory or qualify himself for the<br />
special work he is called on to do, would that not be<br />
better than having all the papers in a pile where it<br />
would be impossible to find anything?<br />
A pasteboard file used for filing letters, but of<br />
double the usual size, could be used for a starter, and<br />
a.s the compartments became filled with clippings on<br />
pattern cutting, on shop practice, on estimating, on<br />
overhead expense, or what not, they should overflow<br />
from one file to a second file, and so on until the man<br />
had clippings that would make the best possible<br />
consulting engineer.<br />
That is how to use your trade paper .and how to<br />
read the trade paper and what to do with it after it<br />
has been read and used so that it will be available for<br />
ready reference at a time when it is most necessary.<br />
This, so far, has all been for the<br />
Pictures H in man. Now how about doing some-<br />
Altenhon thing for the man and the industry<br />
and Convince at the same time? It has been<br />
suggested frequently that photographs<br />
are indispensable to a progressive business.<br />
All of the larger shops in the larger cities have<br />
photographs of their fine work. They have photographs<br />
of the buildings. They have photographs of<br />
the cornices, the skylights, the domes and the other<br />
interesting features of sheet metal work which they<br />
have done. They have photographs of the blower<br />
piping that they have installed for the heating and<br />
ventilating of a large factory building. They have<br />
photographs in the factory where the piping takes<br />
away the dust from a host of machines or removes<br />
the fumes from the vats used in a manufacturing establishment.<br />
But too many of the trade have no<br />
photographs whatever. Is it not time that the trade<br />
generally began collecting photographs that would<br />
convince the architect and his client when they are<br />
displayed? In METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
STEAM FITTER of January 2 of this year, on Page 21,<br />
there was presented a questionnaire that asked pertinent<br />
questions of both the sheet metal specialist and<br />
the furnace specialist. The questions were asked<br />
"What would be the effect in sheet metal contracting<br />
circles in the United States if more pictures were<br />
shown of good and notable work? Would it be inspiring;<br />
would it lift some out of discouragement?<br />
Would architects and builders be impressed? Would<br />
it help the industry? Would anybody be hurt by it?<br />
Would such pictures help the architects and builders<br />
to use more sheet metal on their buildings ? Would<br />
the information derived in asking these questions help<br />
JULV 2, 1920<br />
vou when working on a hard customer by giving you<br />
a better command of vour resources to convince him?<br />
Would it assist you in selling a prospective customer<br />
to show him that your work was sufficiently good and<br />
original to warrant its description and illustration In<br />
your leading trade paper?"<br />
That questionnaire has been widely used and attracted<br />
a good deal of attention in the trade, but it<br />
has not brought the answers or the information that<br />
could have been used to a very good advantage for the<br />
benefit of the whole trade. The purpose, however,<br />
was accomplished when the questionnaire, first used<br />
in the Michigan Association of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors<br />
and later in our own paper, attracted a great<br />
deal of attention throughout the entire country.<br />
Would it be a good idea if the as-<br />
Association File sociation headquarters had a file in<br />
and Picture which the clippings of the trade<br />
Portfolio papers were gathered for the benefit<br />
of the whole association ? Would<br />
there be any benefit in it if the local association headquarters<br />
had photographs of various kinds of sheet<br />
metal work hung on its walls and had portfolios containing<br />
pictures of sheet metal work done by its<br />
members that could be utilized by the members for<br />
selling to architects, builders, property owners or<br />
others? Then would it not be a good idea to start in<br />
doing some of these things that have been suggested?<br />
Doubtless your association has had different speakers<br />
come before it to discuss various subjects, but<br />
have you ever invited some man from the bank to<br />
tell you something of what the business man must do<br />
to get money to discount his bills and to finance a big<br />
piece of work? It would be worth while to hear the<br />
right kind of banking officer discuss this matter for<br />
the benefit of tradesmen in whom he had a kindly interest<br />
and a desire for general welfare.<br />
This is only a suggestion that the school teacher,<br />
the minister, the engineer in some industrial plant, or<br />
some efficiency expert might well talk for a half an<br />
hour to an hour at some of the meetings of the association<br />
to show the members something of the trend of<br />
practice in other fields. Have you ever appointed a<br />
committee from your association to sit with the<br />
Chamber of Commerce of your city or with the Board<br />
of Trade so as to know what is going on and bring<br />
back to you the best thoughts of the leading business<br />
men in your town ?<br />
There is a very positive advantage in meetings of<br />
tradesmen. They soon find out what the other fellow<br />
knows, how they can help one another and how without<br />
each other's help many successes that they achieve<br />
could not be enjoyed.<br />
The sooner that the tradesmen in any center make<br />
a practice of being courteous and agreeable to one another,<br />
the sooner they will all enjoy a greater measure<br />
of prosperity. The narrow minded attitude<br />
characteristic of former days has no place in this age<br />
of the co-operative spirit, when there is a feeling that<br />
we must help, not only the unfortunates of Europe,<br />
but the people at home, if the highest functions of<br />
our lives are realized.<br />
It simply means to put into practice the Golden<br />
fcule, and it is a matter of observation that the Golden<br />
Rule practiced by the man who is ambitious and<br />
honest leads to both earthly prosperity and a relation
JULY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 5<br />
with his fellowmen that is equally invaluable to his<br />
enjoyment of life.<br />
At the beginning of this article is the statement<br />
"Here are some of the things to do," and the question<br />
"Will you start doing some of them?" It seems that<br />
they will make as good a closing as they did an opening.<br />
Here are sufficient specifications to start driving<br />
the industry.<br />
World's Need For Galvanized Sheets<br />
An interesting feature of American steel export<br />
trade since the war "has been the movement in galvanized<br />
sheets. A constant expansion has been in<br />
progress until for 1919 these exports exceeded the<br />
1913 outgo by over 33 per cent or 101,600 gross<br />
tons as against 71,200 tons. The 1919 r&te of 8500<br />
tons per month is still being maintained. The heaviest<br />
buyers are the South American countries, Canada,<br />
Australia and Japan in the order mentioned.<br />
Ill 1919 South America took about 17 per cent of<br />
the total exports, Canada about the same and Japan<br />
about 15.5 per cent.<br />
British exports of galvanized sheets, only 736<br />
tons per month in 1918, increased in 1919 to 15,500<br />
tons per month and in the first quarter of this year<br />
were 33,280 tons per month. Before the war Great<br />
Britain was the largest exporter of sheets, the outgo<br />
for 1913 having been 63,600 tons per month.<br />
The world demand for galvanized sheets is very<br />
heavy. In 1913 839,255 tons, or 70,000 tons per<br />
month, represented the combined -British and American<br />
exports. These same exports amounted to only<br />
69,500 tons in 1918. Last year they were 287,700<br />
tons or still about one-third of the pre-war exports.<br />
When one considers the reduced operations of continental<br />
Europe in the manufacture of sheets, the<br />
facts spell unmistakably a world demand for American<br />
and British galvanized sheets of large proportions<br />
for some years to come and a certain activity<br />
in the foreign American zinc trade as well.<br />
Construction Started on Sheet Mill at<br />
Indianapolis<br />
Construction has started on the new four-mill sheet<br />
plant which is being erected by the Chapman-Price<br />
Steel Co. on a 50-acre site on the outskirts of Indianapolis,<br />
with Pennsylvania railroad frontage. Equipment<br />
contracts have been awarded. Work will be<br />
pushed to completion and it is expected production<br />
will commence late in the fall. The plant will have<br />
galvanizing equipment and will include a fabricating<br />
unit. It represents the initial sheet-producing<br />
capacity in the Indianapolis territory and is being<br />
fully financed by Indianapolis interests.<br />
The output of the sheet mills will consist of black<br />
and galvanized sheets, while the fabricating plant<br />
will produce gutters, troughs, eve spouts and other<br />
kindred sheet metal products. Whether any sheet<br />
capacity will be available for the market will depend<br />
upon demand for the fabricated production of the<br />
company. The new plant will replace a works operaled<br />
for many years by the old Chapman Steel Co.,<br />
a fabricating interest which purchased its sheet requirements,<br />
and whose property was destroyed by<br />
(Ire in March. Following the fire, the company was<br />
re<strong>org</strong>anized under the name of th_ Chapman-Price<br />
Steel Co., with a capitalization of $1,500,000 divided<br />
into $1,000,000 of common and $500,000 of preferred<br />
All of the coninon lias been issued and about half<br />
of the preferred, proceeds being used in part for<br />
construction purposes.<br />
Officers of the company are Niles Chapman, president<br />
and treasurer; L. H. Price, vice-president and<br />
sales manager; J. J. Beck, vice president in charge<br />
of mills and the galvanizing department. Lief Lee,<br />
consulting engineer of Younsstown, Ohio. 906 Wick<br />
Building, is handling the engineering work for the<br />
company. Mr. Beck is now superintendent of sheet<br />
mills of the Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. at its East<br />
Youngstown works. Edward S. Plott, turn foreman<br />
for the Sheet & Tube company, will be superintendent<br />
of mills of the Chapman-Price company.<br />
The company will have an annual productive capacity<br />
of 24,000 tons of sheet steel, and will employ 350<br />
men. Work of building up on operating <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
is now going forward.<br />
The plant will consist of four main buildings including<br />
the principal structure to liouse the mills,<br />
which will be 85 x 280 ft.; a building 85 x 280 ft.<br />
for sheet bar storage and the furnaces; galvanizing<br />
building 60 x 260 ft. and fabricating department in<br />
a structure 80 x 260 ft. There will also be a main<br />
office building 32 x 64 ft., two stories, of brick and<br />
steel.<br />
The contract for steel for the buildings and its<br />
erection has been awarded the Blaw-Knox Co., Pittsburgh;<br />
for cranes to the the M<strong>org</strong>an Engineering<br />
Co., Alliance, Ohio, and for mills shears and doublers<br />
to the Birdboro Steel Foundry & Machine Co. of<br />
Birdsboro, Pa.<br />
Recipes from an Old Scrap Book<br />
J.
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2. 1920<br />
Equipment Already Exists at the University of Illinois<br />
for Scientific Tests and Experiment, But Further Financial<br />
Support Is Needed<br />
Research Work on House Drainage Sys<br />
One of the most important matters to the plumbing industry<br />
was discussed by Professor J. McLaren White before the convention<br />
of the Illinois Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association a short<br />
time ago and on two points he laid stress: First that already<br />
investigation of the actions taking place in the house of drainage<br />
piping had been started and some equipment was available;<br />
second that funds for further investigations were needed.<br />
Extracts given here are taken from Illinois Master <strong>Plumber</strong>.<br />
A FEW years ago tests were made at the University<br />
of Illinois to determine a scientific<br />
basis for the design of plumbing stacks and<br />
vent lines. The chief credit for conducting the work<br />
is due to the initiative of H. Y. Carson. The expense,<br />
with the exception of the contribution of a considerable<br />
amount of materia] by the J. B. Clow Co.,<br />
was paid from the University appropriations.<br />
The tests were not complete enough to be authoritive<br />
but were of great interest in indicating the need<br />
of another series in which certain conditions discovered<br />
in the preliminary tests could be taken account of.<br />
Four, 3 and 2-in. stacks were built to a height of the<br />
equivalent of about five stories.<br />
This installation is still intact and available for a<br />
continuation of the experiments.<br />
Briefly stated, the results aimed at were to deter<br />
tionary for eight years. In 1911-12 it was $2,292,-<br />
„. 561.4-_, and for 1918-19 it was $2,fT"<br />
e , 306,432.00. The University's total in-<br />
Cmversity s come f. i i e a »tate<br />
rate Universities of the country. That condit u<br />
-suit unless the University reduces Te n ber of^t<br />
achvt.es-which would retard the incr se J A<br />
economic wealth of the State in future or A<br />
the number of Students, which would be u n f . ^<br />
M d<br />
unjus to the Youth of our State who wil li<br />
place tomorrow; or we must secure a ninrl t ^ ° Ur<br />
»«»e for operation, ^ ^ ' J ^ f<br />
to liVTt S he bl i e 'Vi" 6 UniVerS ^ now « »«»<br />
esent cond
JULY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 7<br />
He then mentioned and explained the many things<br />
that were engaging the Engineering Experiment Station<br />
including the work for railways for getting higher<br />
value out of fuels, for chilled Carwheels, for Secret<br />
work, for the Government, for heating Army Cantonments,<br />
for Natural warming air heating and ventilating<br />
Assoeiation, for locomotive performance, for<br />
the Bureau of Mines, for United States Full Administration<br />
and for cooperation with the Engineering<br />
Foundation and National Reasearch Council.<br />
He further stated that the importance of industrial<br />
research cannot be over-emphasized. The future<br />
success of the industries of Illinois and of the Nation<br />
depends upon a complete understanding of the scientific<br />
principles involved. This will result in true conservation<br />
; that is, in the elimination of waste and in<br />
increased efficiency in all the important industries.<br />
He closed by stating:<br />
Regarding the question of standardization of plans you<br />
rarely see a plan which adequately shows all the work<br />
which goes into the construction of the building. This<br />
is due partly to ignorance on the part of those who prepare<br />
the plans, and partly to the fact that they do not<br />
receive sufficient compensation for their services to justify<br />
them in working out the plans in detail.<br />
Both of these things should be remedied; and you can<br />
help very materially" by encouraging architects to stand<br />
for full commission for their services, and then expect<br />
them to prepare a proper set of plans and specifications<br />
fully showing all the work involved.<br />
The standardization work as proposed by this Committee,<br />
as I understand it, would involve the drawing up of<br />
a series of schedules showing proper installation of plumbing<br />
work. I remember seeing one put out by a plumber<br />
in the city of Peoria some five or six years ago, which it<br />
seemed was a great assistance in deciding how other<br />
plumbing systems ought to be laid out. They do not know<br />
enough—unless they employ specialists, or secure the assistance<br />
of you gentlemen—to properly lay out these plans.<br />
I think it would be entirely proper for you to offer your<br />
services to architects in laying out plumbing systems and<br />
make a specific charge therefor in each case. Of course,<br />
the architect accordingly would add that on to the charge<br />
he made to the owner, and thereby would be better off.<br />
110-volt D.-C. Automatic Power and Light Unit<br />
The usual rural home isolated electric lighting<br />
plant is a 32-volt installation and has the disadvantages<br />
of greater electrical losses in transmission<br />
of power and a more limited distribution area than<br />
when the lighting voltage is 110.<br />
The Kohler Co., Kohler, Wis., well known manufacturers<br />
of enameled sanitary ware, bathtubs and<br />
lavatories, realizing these facts has put on the market<br />
the Kohler automatic power and light unit shown<br />
complete in the illustration, which generates 110<br />
volts and marks a radical departure from the ordinary<br />
line of farm lighting plant design.<br />
This plant, which is 1500 watts or 1.5 K. W.<br />
capacity, greater than most others, is driven by a<br />
_ cvlinder, 4 cycle, valve-in-head 3!/2 h.p. gas engine<br />
operated at 1000 r. p. m. This speed is maintained<br />
bv a mechanical throttlinc, governor control regardless<br />
of the load but the fuel consumption is<br />
proportionately affected by the load.<br />
The 16-cell storage battery forming a part of the<br />
usual isolated lighting plant, requires a certain<br />
amount of care and attention to keep it properly<br />
functioning and also it has attached to it a replace<br />
ment expense but in the new Kohler unit this storage<br />
battery has been eliminated and simply a six-cell<br />
automobile starting battery used. This battery is<br />
kept automatically charged and is always ready for<br />
use.<br />
A patented mechanism which is located in a steel<br />
metal box on the generator controls thc automatic<br />
starting and stopping plant of the plant and enables<br />
the unit to be started by turning on any lamp or<br />
motor on the system. The first lamp turned on starts<br />
the plant and the last lamp or motor turned off shuts<br />
it down.<br />
AUTOMATIC 110 VOLT ELECTRIC LIGHT AND POWER UNIT<br />
The current from the generator goes direct to the<br />
line and a high tension magneto furnishes ignition,<br />
making the plant entirely independent of batteries,<br />
and a vacuum tank which can be connected to an<br />
outside source of fuel makes it possible to operate<br />
this unit for months without attention except to replenish<br />
oil and water every few weeks.<br />
The unit is equipped with a thermo-siphon circulating<br />
automobile type radiator, holding A/2 gal. of<br />
cooling water, while the engine bearings are lubricated<br />
by either a pressure or splash oiling system.<br />
The total weight of the plant is 425 lb., and that<br />
of the battery 935^ lb. Its maximum height and<br />
length is 34J/_ and 33^2 in. respectively. In addition<br />
to farms, this installation is suitable for small<br />
summer resorts, hunting lodge, camps, country<br />
garges, stores, moving picture theatres and other<br />
buildings not supplied by an electric lighting<br />
company.<br />
THE MUTUAL HEATING CO., Manchester, Conn., has<br />
been incorporated with a capital of $100,000. The<br />
incorporators are: F. E. Watkins, I . H. Anderson,<br />
C. A. House, A. L. Russell and G. W. Smith, all<br />
of Manchester.
8 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2, 1920<br />
Remodelling Greenhouse in which Vapor Vacuum Maintains 70 Deg. When Outdoor Temperature is 20 Below<br />
Making Over a Greenhouse Job<br />
Cold House Made Warm When Vacuum System Using<br />
Natural Gas Fuel Is Substituted for Hot Water Plant<br />
MAINTAINING a temperature of 65 deg. in a<br />
greenhouse when the thermometer records outside<br />
temperature of 20 deg. below zero is a<br />
noteworthy feat and especially when the system has<br />
been previouly unsatisfactory. A Pennsylvania<br />
steam fitter did the job and as it has given entire<br />
satisfaction under the severe tests of several winters'<br />
service, some of its interesting points are presented.<br />
When a greenhouse owner decided to enlarge his<br />
range, he consulted W. B. Metzger, Port Allegheny,<br />
Pa., concerning the best method of heating and commissioned<br />
him to do the work. The original house<br />
was 15 x 45 ft., heated by hot water with an overhead<br />
system of flow lines and pipe coils under the<br />
benches. A number of changes had been made but<br />
the system failed to keep the temperature even. The<br />
end where the hot water dropped into the coils to return<br />
under the benches was always several degrees<br />
warmer than the other end of the house. The water<br />
could not be made to<br />
travel back fast enough to<br />
maintain an even temperature<br />
at both ends of the<br />
greenhouse, which is very<br />
essential.<br />
The range is shown and<br />
in an exterior view the<br />
boiler house and glass<br />
section at the right show<br />
the original installation.<br />
The first addition included<br />
the main upright parts<br />
and then lean-to sections<br />
were later added to both<br />
sides. The plan and elevation<br />
show the existing<br />
plant.<br />
rpi , . ,. Overhead Piping at End of Ma:<br />
tne lean-to sections are From 2.\<br />
what complicated the work for the heating men for,<br />
by the time they reached the outside with the roof'<br />
they were very close to the ground and excavation<br />
for runways had to be made in order to have sufficient<br />
room to walk and work around benches. As<br />
some benches were built directly on the ground, there<br />
was no chance of putting coils under them and no<br />
way to cross them with returns to the original level<br />
The main house is 38 ft. wide x 100 ft. long and<br />
the original is 15 x 45 ft. Of course a larger boiler<br />
had to be used and in order to equalize the temperature<br />
throughout, a vapor vacuum system, thermostatically<br />
controlled, was selected<br />
n/iQ < .n b .i ler !? - a ' eCti ° nal cast " ir »n ^yle, rated<br />
at 1950 ft. and is provided with Monitor type gas<br />
burners arranged so that a row of eight on each side<br />
thVwf .°;\ u / n . directly a « ainst the Sid " at<br />
he bottom of the fire box and a triple row of eight<br />
through the center are elevated so that the hlat<br />
strikes directly on the<br />
crown. The gas service<br />
line is 2 in. in size up to<br />
the point where it discharged<br />
into the mainifolds<br />
of the burners and<br />
the pressure is nominally<br />
8 oz. though occasionally<br />
it gets as low as 5 to 6 oz.<br />
for short periods.<br />
All together there are<br />
40 4 in. burners and, as<br />
the system is thermostatically<br />
controlled, it is not<br />
necessary to have all in<br />
operation except in ex<br />
House Fi ve 1-in. Connections<br />
. Main<br />
tremely cold weather. By<br />
^ing gas fuel there is<br />
derived a big advantage
JULY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 9<br />
over coal, both in temperature control, convenience<br />
and attention. By comparison with other plants<br />
using coal, the cost of natural gas in the first season's<br />
run was just a little in excess of coal, but when<br />
the expense of handling coal and ashes and the time<br />
required to attend the boiler is figured the balance<br />
is the other way. So the owner was satisfied. But<br />
now with the high price of coal and the gas price<br />
not advancing in proportion, the balance is now in<br />
favor of gas.<br />
In the old house the existing piping was used<br />
except that the coils under benches were reduced<br />
from four to three pipe and a thermos valve was installed<br />
at the return end before going into the return<br />
system so that the whole house, is controlled by<br />
one valve. In the new extension overhead flow mains<br />
and coils under benches were used where construction<br />
made them impracticable.<br />
On the side of the house next to the boiler room<br />
a bench was built directly on the ground so that<br />
bv taking a separate connection from the boiler directly<br />
to the top of a coil hung on the side wall, it<br />
Arrangements o f<br />
Remodelled Greenhouse<br />
Heating<br />
Plant Showing<br />
Size of Mains and<br />
Returns.<br />
was possible to connect to the original return at the<br />
old level. As it was a dry return system the boiler<br />
was set so that the water line was 2 ft. below the<br />
general level of the house in order to allow all returns<br />
to be graded from tho coils on an average of<br />
J4 in. to the foot and reach the boiler about 20 in.<br />
above the water line. This is not quite as much as<br />
a good many advocate but was found to be sufficient.<br />
The lean-to sections where runways had to be crossed<br />
by dropping the return lines down and across them<br />
and then to create the proper circulation of air back<br />
through the returns, a small line was carried up and<br />
over the passage, joining the returns again after it<br />
had reached the general level or gate again, as shown<br />
in the accompanying elevation. Thus, when the<br />
radiator or coil was being filled, the air would be<br />
driven over through the small air line and so on out,<br />
and the condensation would drop down and across<br />
the passage and so on back.<br />
The coils were built of 1^4 in- pipe and manifolds<br />
and divided into a sufficient number of sections so as
10 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2. 1920<br />
to permit equalizing the temperature of the house by<br />
turning on any particular one or set. The radiation<br />
which totals 1160 ft. is in excess of what would be<br />
required providing they were all run under any<br />
pressure. Central control is by a thermostatic heat<br />
control device located just off the center main house.<br />
It required some experimenting to find out how many<br />
and which radiators to run to balance the house properly<br />
but once ascertained it was not necessary to<br />
change under ordinary conditions.<br />
The house contains 5578 sq. ft. of glass surface<br />
and the total amount of radiation installed being 1160<br />
the proportion is something like 1 ft. of radiation to<br />
•1.7 ft. of glass.<br />
There never has been any difficulty in maintaining<br />
the required temperature of 65 to 70 deg. with the<br />
thermometer down to 20 deg. below zero at times,<br />
so that the efficiency of the system is unquestionable<br />
and demonstrates the correctness of the changes<br />
made.<br />
Homes of Polish City Used for Fuel<br />
F U E L is such an all important need in relieving<br />
destitution and disease in Poland that one of the<br />
first acts of the American Red Cross upon penetrating<br />
to the city of Dvinsk was to <strong>org</strong>anize expeditions<br />
among the more robust citizens to go forth to the<br />
nearest forests and cut down firewood.<br />
For though Dvinsk is in the heart of a rich timber<br />
section, her chief industries in pre-war days having<br />
been her saw-mills and wood factories, the paralysis<br />
of her transportation system has left her for the<br />
past 5 years at the mercy of the bitter cold of this<br />
northern countrv, the only resources of her citizens in<br />
facing the fuel famine, the tearing down of the houses<br />
of their own town for firewood.<br />
When the invading armies departed, they shipped<br />
out every piece of machinery in the countrv capable<br />
of being moved. The rest they ruthlessly<br />
wrecked. Not even the rails were left upon the<br />
railroad tracks, the complete spoilation of the<br />
country being rendered permanent by thus cutting<br />
off all means of replenishing the industries. Machinery<br />
today is the. crying need of the entire countrv,<br />
for without it neither reconstruction nor moving of<br />
the life-saving supplies can be effected.<br />
Before the war the population of Dvinsk was 150.-<br />
000. approximately 10.000 of whom found emplovment<br />
in her seven large lumber mills, which were<br />
kept working day and night, in order to meet the demands<br />
of the times. Planing mills, wood factories<br />
and various plants allied with the lumber trade gave<br />
a livelihood to the remainder of the working classes<br />
the thrift of whom was attested by the numberless<br />
little gable-roofed, balconied cottages of wood that<br />
were one of the city's chief attractions.<br />
Today scarcely a tithe of these pretty little homes<br />
remain. It is a common sight in the streets of Dvinsk<br />
to see a mob of white-faced men. women and bovs.<br />
their rags scarcely covering their nakedness, fighting<br />
for a piece of plank, a splinter of pine sliding—<br />
anything that will serve to burn for firewood, and<br />
all harvested from one of the thousands of abandoned<br />
homes, as beam by beam, joint by joint, the<br />
structure of logs and siding is rent apart.<br />
Hundreds of stark chimneys and stone foundations<br />
mark the sites of once beautiful residences, the owners<br />
of which, to the number of 100.000 are now<br />
scattered to the four corners of the earth, the victims<br />
of invasion, pillage and famine. From out of her<br />
150,000 inhabitants, there is left to Dvinsk today a<br />
scant 10.000. In place of the 10.000 workmen who<br />
tramped through her once prosperous streets on their<br />
way to work, less than 100 today can find employment.<br />
Lack of fuel and lack of machinery to supply it,<br />
has brought the industrial life of this Polish city to<br />
a standstill, its future bound up inexorably with the<br />
fuel supply.<br />
Even the aid of local <strong>org</strong>anizations has been futile<br />
because the fuel shortage prevented its administration<br />
under normal conditions. Particularly is this<br />
true in the case of the Dvinsk orphanage, maintained<br />
by some big-hearted Polish women, who gathered together<br />
from the streets and byways 50 forlorn little<br />
P \ w 6 2 Bee " Sacrifi «d bv Hundreds Dunn, the<br />
Past NYinter to Provide Fue. for the Desperate Inhabitants<br />
of Dvinsk. They are Stoutly Constructed of Logs<br />
Usually Covered with Pine Sidings<br />
lee on of T , 1St S ° l0ng ^ had no "col-<br />
Z ._. X P ar l nt ;.\ love or care. Out of their meagrestore<br />
these Polish women supplied a daily ration<br />
of potato soup and one fire on which to cook it, but<br />
the bare, bleak barracks which the children shared<br />
"heated, and the wretched little ones could only<br />
dd^e together miserably trying to keep warm, untU<br />
the Red Cross came to bring them cheer and warmth<br />
Blankets, new clothes, condensed milk and c W<br />
late were supplied and one of the first nl_-7T<br />
which the firewood, cut d.wn by the Red tl 8" -Toodchoppers<br />
umts^ was consigned was the barracks<br />
orphanage at Dvinsk. oarracks
ULY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 11<br />
Our Facilities Mean Over-Production<br />
Foreign Goods Must Be Exchanged For Our Surplus<br />
Such Exchange Is Imperative to Save Customer<br />
It Will Restore Money Values<br />
America Must Buy Abroad to Prosper<br />
"p* VERY citizen is interested in the ability of foreign<br />
countries to take things we can make as well<br />
as raise on the farms. They haven't the money and<br />
we have enough. They can participate in the time<br />
honored Yankee practice of swapping what they have<br />
for what they want. They need to borrow ahead so<br />
as to get ready to swap.<br />
The question is shall we lend and will we swap?<br />
Think it over! We cannot avoid doing it. They need<br />
help and this is the best way to give help.<br />
The following is from The Iron age and bears directly<br />
on the matter and will give further support to<br />
the argument:<br />
After proper allowance for the invisible balance<br />
of trade, if we import less than we should, in relation<br />
to our exports, the price of exchange will fall,<br />
thus reducing to us the price of foreign goods, and<br />
advancing the price to foreigners of our goods, whereby<br />
the necessary adjustment will be forced. This<br />
is a law of trade. We shall have noth-<br />
Thisls ing to say. To control the matter it is<br />
a Law necessary for us to act through the<br />
of Trade medium of our purchases and sales.<br />
The exporter cannot force the situation.<br />
He may build up a foreign clientele, at great<br />
expense, and then see the exchange rate advance<br />
the prices the foreigner must pay to get those goods,<br />
without the exporter receiving any higher price,<br />
whereby the foreigner may refuse longer to buy. We<br />
cannot dictate what shall occur, but will have to manage<br />
things right if we wish our desires to be realized.<br />
Before the war it was necessary to export about<br />
$500,000,000 more merchandise a year than we imported,<br />
taking values as reported in the statistics, in<br />
order to equalize an unseen balance of trade, which<br />
was against us to about the amount<br />
One Reason mentioned. We did not find it particle<br />
Must ularly easy to do this, hence there was<br />
Export constant urging that we endeavor to<br />
increase our exports. Imports as reported<br />
are valued at the foreign port, hence freights<br />
paid to foreign vessel owners on our imports were<br />
against us. Exports are valued at our home ports,<br />
but we received, as an offset scarcely anything in<br />
freights paid by foreigners to Ameriean shipowners<br />
on these exports. American tourists spent money<br />
abroad, and foreign born, residing here, sent money<br />
to relatives abroad, sometimes leaving the country<br />
and taking money with them. Several billion of our<br />
securities were owned abroad and we had to take care<br />
of interest and dividend payments. The net of all<br />
this was about half a billion dollars a year, which<br />
we made up by exporting correspondingly more than<br />
we imported.<br />
No precise estimate can be made as to the unseen<br />
balance in the future. Interest and dividend<br />
payments will be in our favor instead of against us.<br />
Qcean<br />
The drafts by the foreign born earning<br />
Freiahts to mone y "l th^ country will be much less<br />
Come our than formerly. American tourists<br />
ry abroad may spend more or less than<br />
they used to do. As to ocean freights,<br />
the balance will be in our favor. According to the<br />
latest figures, 40 per cent of our imports are in<br />
American vessels, and 60 per cent in foreign vessels,<br />
the 40 per cent being nearly all an addition to our<br />
revenue, but there is much more than that, since 50<br />
per cent of our exports are in American vessels, nearly<br />
all of this being a clear addition.<br />
Thus the unseen balance will be very largely in<br />
our favor, perhaps more than half a billion dollars<br />
a year, in place of there being a half billion dollars<br />
a year against us, as was the case before the war.<br />
Gold being out of the question as a means of settlement,<br />
the balance, apart from merchandise, will<br />
have to be settled by the movement of<br />
Securities securities. Assuming for argument<br />
Must Shift that the unseen balance will average<br />
as We Suffer half a billion dollars a year in our favor,<br />
we could have exports and imports<br />
equal and buy a half a billion a year of foreign securities,<br />
or invest the amount abroad, or we could<br />
do nothing in the latter matter and simply import<br />
half a billion more than we exported. Or we could<br />
export half a billion more than we imported and invest<br />
a billion a year. But if we attempt to do the<br />
impossible, to refrain from buying foreign securities<br />
or investing abroad and yet attempt' to export<br />
more than we import, the exchange rates will simply<br />
fall and apply the corrective influence to our foreign<br />
trade, whether we want it to or not.<br />
Floating Foreign Trade Exposition an<br />
Assured Success<br />
Hundreds of inquiries from manufacturers and<br />
others located in every state in the Union testify<br />
to the interest in the First National Foreign Trade<br />
Floating Exposition, announced by the American<br />
Manufacturers Export Association days ago. The<br />
largest exporting firms in the country have signified<br />
their intention of joining in the idea which will place<br />
American exporters on the same basis as the merchants<br />
of Great Britain and Japan. Negotiations<br />
are under way for the refitting of a vessel large<br />
enough to accommodate the exhibitors of American<br />
products so that, from present indications, the boat<br />
will leave New York during October.<br />
The exposition offices at 50 Broad Slreet, New<br />
York City, have been enlarged to take care of the<br />
inquiries that prove that American manufacturers,<br />
interested in foreign trade, are alive to the opportunities<br />
presented by this novel method of introducing<br />
their wares to foreign customers.
12 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2, 1920<br />
A statement, explaining the objects of the exposi<br />
tion is issued by W. P. Brawley, New York mana<br />
ger, as follows:<br />
The need of any facilities to more firmly cement our<br />
relations with the foreign buyer of Ameriean manufactured<br />
goods is very evident. The support and eo-operation we<br />
have received from all sources has heartened us in our<br />
idea. The functioning of this Exposition Ship can be<br />
expressed in very few words. The vessel will do away<br />
with the present method whereby an individual manufacturer<br />
must send his representative with his sample<br />
cases to the foreign countries where he desires to introduce<br />
his merchandise. This method whieh entails the<br />
setting up of an exhibit in a sample room for the purpose<br />
of interesting prospective buyers is very difficult.<br />
The aim of the Floating Exposition is to do away with this<br />
inconvenience and to enable American manufacturers to<br />
advantageously exhibit their goods in a manner that will<br />
attract the foreign buyer.<br />
Publicity is being given to the project in Central and<br />
South America and the Far East at this time. Preceding<br />
the ship some six weeks to two months, a competent publicity<br />
man will arrange for an advertising campaign. An<br />
interesting feature of the visit at the foreign port will be<br />
the program to be outlined by an entertainment committee<br />
to be selected by the exhibitors. After sufficient time has<br />
been devoted to the more interested visitors the ship will<br />
be thrown open to the general public.<br />
The Floating Exposition will stop at the most important<br />
ports only and the duration of the stay will vary<br />
from five days to two weeks. Interpreters will be on board<br />
with a view to promoting business relations between the<br />
representatives of American exporters and the buyers who<br />
come to view the exhibits. The exhibits will include a<br />
special department for textiles and wearing apparel; another<br />
for hardware; one for foodstuffs, etc. While it is<br />
not the intention to have exclusive exhibits, it has been<br />
decided that not more than one exhibitor of competitive<br />
lines will be accepted.<br />
Foreign buyers interested in cutlery will be able to find<br />
a display of representative lines of this class of merchandise<br />
on the vessel. The same holds true to all other lines<br />
of merchandise whieh will be included in the general exposition<br />
Experts voiced in all the phases of foreign trade<br />
methods will be on hand to advise exhibitors and prospective<br />
purchasers.<br />
The itinerary embraces the particular ports of Central<br />
and South America, New Zealand, British Strait Settlements,<br />
Australia, Philippine Islands, China and Japan.<br />
The trip will be of eight months' duration. The primary<br />
objective is to furnish a conveniently economic means<br />
for the manufacturer to have his personal representative<br />
come in actual contact with the foreign buyer by compounding<br />
a number of firms and having one ship devoted<br />
wholly to their activities. A considerable saving can be<br />
had for all concerns.<br />
Tin Refiners In the United States<br />
The extent to which American refined tin is grow<br />
ing as a factor in the domestic market appears from<br />
the imports of tin ore. In 1913 these were practically<br />
nil, but in 1916 they grew to 8307 gross tons. The<br />
increase was over 100 per cent in the next three years,<br />
or to 17,139 tons in 1919. The rate for the 10 months<br />
preceding May, 1920, was 2000 tons per month,<br />
against 1428 tons per month in 1919. These receipts<br />
are mostly Bolivian ores whieh are smelted in the<br />
vicinity of New York and are refined electrolytically.<br />
The results are significant not only as representing a<br />
new American industry, but also another important<br />
application of electro-chemistry to industry. While<br />
the output of American tin is insignificant as compared<br />
witli the country's consumption, what has been<br />
achieved is gratifying, since hitherto tin was the only<br />
major non-ferrous metal that was not produced in the<br />
United States.<br />
THE VENT<br />
I T IS an interesting line.<br />
It has different mean<br />
ings to different people<br />
but is usually thought of as<br />
an opening to the atmosphere.<br />
In this case it will<br />
give the right atmosphere<br />
and will carry from the sys<br />
tem thoughts for discussion<br />
on any topic that comes to<br />
mind. It belongs to every<br />
subscriber, so send in what<br />
ever you want to get off<br />
your chest. That will introduce<br />
THE VENT.<br />
It may contain a money<br />
making idea.<br />
Read it in the first issue<br />
every month.<br />
See all of you again August<br />
6.<br />
A.V.H.
JULY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 13<br />
This is the Place to submit your per<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
plexing problems —the Place to<br />
problem and then you may be able fo<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
SERVKTITISISRATIS<br />
FROM W. D., WESTFIELD, N. J.— Replying to inquiry<br />
of "J. P. W." in the issue of June 25, I give<br />
the following for his information. When installing<br />
a damper in the suction or discharge<br />
How Shall line of a blower for fire protection it is<br />
Damper Be well to follow the recommendations of<br />
Arranged? the National Board of Fire Underwriters<br />
as shown herewith.<br />
Ducts should never pass through fire walls, but<br />
where it cannot be avoided they should be provided<br />
with automatic dampers as shown in Fig. 1, or nation-<br />
fa/A<br />
FLANGE COLLAR<br />
HAMPER AHO PVALL _i__
1. METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2. 1920<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
The M.i«,wnn- foi<br />
77ie Combination Shop<br />
THE EDITORS COMMENTARY<br />
FT was to keep a promise to an association<br />
•*• of sheet metal contractors that an article<br />
on another page was prepared, pointing<br />
to activities possible of widely beneficial<br />
effect if carried out. There is in all lines of<br />
industry at the present time a strong determination<br />
to co-operate in the<br />
Increase positive accomplishment of<br />
Sheet things that will popularize the<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> output, increase the demand<br />
Trade and bring along broad prosperity<br />
in which all can participate.<br />
Those who are studying the future<br />
sagaciously are endeavoring to arouse both<br />
mental and physical effort on things that<br />
benefit everybody but on which all must cooperate<br />
to bring them about. It is a period<br />
in our history when co-ordinated and united<br />
work is successful where individual effort<br />
would be unavailing. There are yet many<br />
things which the individual can do that wiil<br />
fit in admirably with large movements and<br />
several of them are brought to attention in<br />
the article to which reference may well be<br />
made bv the reader.<br />
r ¥MIE furnace industry owes it to its wel-<br />
-*- fare to change the idea that prevails in<br />
England in reference to warm-air<br />
furnace heating. In another column there<br />
is an article from a heating contractor in<br />
London who asks specific questions which<br />
English<br />
Idea of<br />
Furnace<br />
Heating<br />
can best be answered by both<br />
the manufacturers and the<br />
furnace heating contractors<br />
of the United States. It gives<br />
opportunity to point out that<br />
there are always plenty who<br />
are willing to do something just a little different<br />
or cheaper if they can get the business<br />
; also very few are striving to show those<br />
interested that the best possible way of doing<br />
something is very different from and<br />
very much better than the common practice.<br />
There is great need for inspiration of this<br />
sort. If the points raised are carefully and<br />
conscientiously answered with the welfare of<br />
the industry as the factor in preparation of<br />
the reply, there can be no doubt that their<br />
presentation in METAL WORKER, PLUMBER<br />
AXD STEAM FITTER will be not only for the<br />
benefit of the English concern making the inquiry,<br />
but all abroad who would like to know<br />
something more about the American practice<br />
of heating homes. Space will gladly be<br />
afforded for presentation of articles of this<br />
character and there is no concern which employs<br />
an expert or has a man qualified who<br />
should hold off, even in the enervating summer<br />
season, from the preparation of something<br />
giving his ideals on a phase of furnace<br />
heating practice.<br />
W f HATEVER may be the outlook for<br />
»" business in other branches of building<br />
trade there is nothing but encouragement<br />
for the enterprising and agressive<br />
plumber, heating contractor or sheet metal<br />
worker. People generally have more money<br />
than they have had for some time and they<br />
are still getting it. They are<br />
The Out- ' n *^ e f rame °f m m d to have<br />
look for laid Defoi ' e them the con-<br />
Business Prices and comforts which<br />
they can enjoy as well as the<br />
improvements and repairs<br />
that should be made on their property to<br />
keep them in first class order.<br />
There are several million homes in the<br />
United States and in every one of them<br />
there i.s a chance for some" business to be<br />
done, even if there are no new buildings<br />
erected. There are plenty of towns in the<br />
United States in which four or five houses<br />
a year are as many as are ever erected and<br />
yet the tradesmen in our lines in those towns<br />
have been reasonably prosperous and have<br />
been represented at their various trade conventions<br />
this year. They never have a building<br />
boom to bring them in a surplus of trade.<br />
Iheir whole business career is built on their<br />
own enterprise to carry to those who could<br />
use then- services such information as to<br />
what they could provide as will insure some<br />
business.
iLY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 15<br />
Semi-annual<br />
Engineers Convention of Heating<br />
Last Day Developed Much Discussion on Ventilation<br />
T H E Friday, May 28, session of the American<br />
Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers,<br />
held at St. Louis, was mostly devoted to con<br />
sideration of ventilation topics. At the opening of<br />
the morning session President E. Vernon Hill ap<br />
pointed Vice-president Champlain L. Riley as official<br />
delegate to a meeting in Washington on June 3, of<br />
representatives from all engineering societies for the<br />
purpose of forming a National Engineering Society.<br />
E. S. Hallet in supplementing his paper on "The Sig<br />
nificance of Odorless Concentration of Ozone," gave<br />
instances where the application of concentrated odor<br />
less ozone had proved most beneficial in school rooms,<br />
and at the conclusion of his remarks Doctor McCulley<br />
suggested that the Research Bureau make a complete<br />
review of all literature on the subject.<br />
The paper of R. S. M. Wilde on "The Ventilation<br />
of Large Auditoriums" recommended a system dis<br />
charging the air into the auditorium 7 feet above the<br />
floor and exhausting it through ventilators in the roof.<br />
In the discussion whicli followed H. M. Hart said:<br />
I am not going to back down entirely on the floor introduction<br />
of ventilation. There are objections to it but,<br />
if properly operated and controlled, you get better distribution.<br />
Also hand control is better than good automatic<br />
control in auditoriums.<br />
When presenting his paper on "The Training of<br />
Janitors and Custodians," E. S. Hallet briefly told<br />
of the formation of a training school and the big sav<br />
ing in coal and oil resulting in the St. Louis public<br />
schools, and added that no bonus had to be offered<br />
as an incentive to save.<br />
H. M. HART:—I hope that this movement will become<br />
national and the school boards in all cities will inaugurate<br />
night schools for janitors.<br />
JOHN HOWATT:—The four schools which I visited in St.<br />
Louis struck me as being remarkable examples of cleanliness<br />
and orderliness and having the proper custodian.<br />
Unlike Chicago, there were no rules to govern the work.<br />
J. R. MCCOLL—These schools showed that the relationship<br />
between the employer and employee had been worked<br />
out very successfully, the position of janitor dignified and<br />
the chiidren trained in cleanliness.<br />
In the discussion of the paper on "The Sizing of<br />
Ducts and Flues," by H. Eisert, F. R. Still called<br />
attention to the omission of elbows as a factor in fric<br />
tion, whereas it is one of the most important.<br />
A. S. ARMAGNAC :—The more exact methods given in<br />
this paper are not followed due to the practical difficulties<br />
involved in commercial use. Also the difliculty with any<br />
theoretical methods of sizing ducts is that the factors of<br />
resistance due to bends, reductions, and the like cannot<br />
be accurately known while new shapes are being constantly<br />
developed.<br />
A GUEST:—The best all around efficient velocity to drive<br />
air is about 2,400 ft. considering cost of installation, depreciation<br />
and general efficiency. If you have a low velocitv<br />
you have a larger equipment and spend more<br />
money for vour plant than is necessarv, while if you go<br />
beyond 2,400 ft. the cost of moving the air exceeds the<br />
results you get out of it commercially.<br />
Articles of the proposed new constitution pertain-<br />
in to dues, age limit, membership and other matters<br />
were discussed at lengtli and it was finally voted to<br />
return the draft to the committee.<br />
In the afternoon papers on "The Relation of the<br />
Death Rate to the Wet Bulb Temperature," by E. V.<br />
Hill and J. J. Aeberly, and "The Relation of the Wet<br />
Bulb Temperature of Health," by O. W. Armspach,<br />
were read, and since both treated related subjects and<br />
concluded that the ideal wet bulb temperature for<br />
indoors was 57 to 61 degrees, they were discussed<br />
together.<br />
J. J. DONNELLY:—I think ventilation is overdone and,<br />
if you add ozone and humidity control, it will become<br />
very expensive. Fresh air is really a luxury, although in<br />
some cases it may be a necessity.<br />
H. M. HART:—Are we going to sacrifice the health of<br />
the public for the sake of saving dollars? The expense<br />
is of secondary consideration while good conditions of<br />
sanitation and living are first.<br />
J. H. DAVIS:—The first object should be to introduce<br />
the pure air of nature into a room, inhale it and let it<br />
go elsewhere. It ought not to be forced in at such a<br />
temperature that it needs to be cooled or heated up and<br />
until that has been done, this humidity and ozone question<br />
is of little moment.<br />
P. NICHOLS:—The most important question, of course, is<br />
proper heat and ventilation.<br />
A resolution adopting the charter prepared by Doc<br />
tor E. V. Hill, chief of the Bureau of Sanitation, Chi<br />
cago Department of Health, as a tentative standard<br />
of measure of ventilation, was passed.<br />
The question of specifying a standard method of<br />
testing heating plants was then considered.<br />
H. M. HART:-Since the heat given off by pipe or radiator<br />
must necessarily enter into this testing, it should<br />
be a method of standardizing the conditions of the test.<br />
F R. STILL:—A good standard should be adopted determining<br />
where a thermometer should be placed, noiseless<br />
operation of radiators and apparatus in ventilation<br />
and establish a table of corresponding inside temperatures<br />
and outside temperatures.<br />
C W FARRAR.—While there is no code today it should<br />
not'be a difficult task with the data already at hand to<br />
work out a testing code for zero to 15 deg. temperaturebased<br />
upon a test that the average commercial man could<br />
perform.<br />
The discussion ended when President Hill said he<br />
would keep the suggestions in mind when selecting<br />
the committee of five authorized to be appointed.<br />
Before adjournment it was voted that the next an<br />
nual meeting in January adjourn to a western city,<br />
and that the summer meeting be held in Atlantic<br />
City, directly preceding or following the meeting of<br />
the Heating and Piping Contractors, National Asso<br />
ciation.
16 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2, 1920<br />
TRADE ASSOCIATION<br />
Enjoyable Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Outing<br />
All of the members of the different <strong>org</strong>anizations<br />
in the sheet metal trades in the vicinity of New<br />
York—the Employers' Association of Roofers and<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>s of New York City, the Roofers<br />
and Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Business Men's Club, and the<br />
Brooklyn <strong>org</strong>anization—joined in an outing on<br />
Wednesday, June 23.<br />
As the party gathered around the Elk's Club in<br />
Brooklyn, where automobiles were waiting, Jim<br />
Flanagan said, "Nobody is to talk shop today."<br />
Nevertheless M. L. Weiss, who learned his trade on<br />
the other side of the ocean in Hungary, had information<br />
about zinc roofing and Will Morrow, Frank K.<br />
Chew, editor. METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER, and others entered into a discussion as to<br />
why more zinc was not used in the LJnited States for<br />
roof covering. Mr- Weiss stated his experience gave<br />
Jiim no reason, while the popular idea of the born<br />
and bred Americans was that zinc would not do but<br />
they had no personal experience as Mr. Weiss has<br />
to back up their opinion. Mr. Weiss some 12 years<br />
ago built a zinc cornice and installed it on a building<br />
at Forty-third Street and Fifth Avenue, where<br />
it is still doing service.<br />
This discussion had not finished when the parties<br />
were instructed to climb in and start off. A beautiful<br />
trip whicli had been arranged by Secretary<br />
Herman Weinberger, 47 W. 42nd Street, New York,<br />
was made under fine weather conditions and the party<br />
thoroughly enjoyed the ride to Karatsonyi's at Glenwood<br />
on the Sound.<br />
The party had hardly arrived before the challenge<br />
between Brooklyn and New York for a baseball<br />
match resulted in activities and President Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
Brown was selected as umpire, notwithstanding the<br />
charges that he was partial and his decisions would<br />
go in accordance with his preference. Being a<br />
Brooklynite it was natural that the Brooklyns should<br />
win by a score of 6 to 3. Frank White made it all<br />
the way around on a good hit and the errors of<br />
those who should have stopped him at least half<br />
way-<br />
The first outing a few years ago brought out 35<br />
members but in the fifth outing, Wednesday, June 23,<br />
83 members participated and enjoyed the fine dinner.<br />
After a social relaxation the party again embarked in<br />
the automobiles for Shelburne's restaurant at Coney<br />
Island and most of the registers hnd something over<br />
70 miles for the day's run. After the meal had been<br />
heartily disposed of, some dancing girls appeared as<br />
part of the cabaret, which filled the eye as full as<br />
the stomachs of the party. Then after this show<br />
was over the party adjourned to see a show at one<br />
of the theatres and, when the final adjournment came<br />
all were agreed that a most delightful day had been<br />
enjoyed.<br />
The concerns represented are as follows: M. R.<br />
Westergren, Inc., 213 East 144th Street, New York<br />
City; Bay Ridge Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Works, 672 Seventysecond<br />
Street, Brooklyn; Brenner Brothers, 973<br />
Franklin Avenue, Brooklyn; Craig & Brown. 421<br />
Twenthieth Street, Brooklyn; City Guaranteed Roofing<br />
Co., 161 East 110th Street, New York City; William<br />
F. Clark Co., 315 Fourth Avenue, Brooklyn; N.<br />
Coleman, Inc., 33 East Twelfth Street, New York<br />
City; Barber Asphalt Paving Co.; 233 Broadway,<br />
New York City; National Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Roofing Co.,<br />
338 Grand Street, Jersey City N. J.; METAL<br />
WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER, New York<br />
City; Davis Brothers, 311 East 148th Street, New<br />
York City; J. Dames Co., Inc.; Hartel & Davies,<br />
480 Clermont Avenue, Brooklyn; L. C. Hirsch &<br />
Co., 33 Thirty-fourth Street, Brooklyn; Bruce &<br />
Cook, 190 Water Street, New York City; L. A. Storch<br />
& Co., 517 East Seventy-third Street, New York<br />
City; General Roofing & Waterproofing Co.; Building<br />
Trades Employers Association, 34 East Thirty-<br />
The Auto Party En Route<br />
third Street, New York City; S. M. Friedman Co.,<br />
95 Cedar Street, Brooklyn; Liberty Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
Works, 586 Jackson Avenue, New York Citv; Barrett<br />
Co., 17 Battery Place, New York City; Hecla Slate<br />
Co. 205 Lewis Street, New York City; Metropolitan<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Works, Flushing and Metropolitan<br />
Avenues, Brooklyn; Delaney & Otten, 485 Fourth<br />
Avenue, Brooklyn; Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Construction Co.,<br />
170 East Seventy-third Street, New York City; Universal<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Works, 4014 Park Avenue, New<br />
York City; Gorman & Lees, 344 West Twenty-fourth<br />
Street, New York City; Fred Lechner Co., 127<br />
Troutman Street, Brooklyn; D. Levow, 881 East<br />
163rd Street, New York City; A. H. Jeter Co., 95<br />
Webster Avenue, Brooklyn; Architectural <strong>Metal</strong><br />
Works, 161 East Sixty-fifth Street, New York City;<br />
W. W. Morrow, 413 West Fiftieth Street, New York<br />
City, Ludowici-Celadon Co., 225 Lexington Avenue,<br />
New York City; Fordham Cornice Works, 2009<br />
Montrery Avenue, New York City; Guntz & Peterman,<br />
73 Snyder Avenue, Brooklyn; Porth Brothers,<br />
2924 Fulton Avenue, Brooklyn; General Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
& Blower Pipe Works, 434 West Seventeenth Street,<br />
New York City, C. A. Puckett, 1479 Fulton Avenue,<br />
Brooklyn; Benjamin Riesner Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Works 28<br />
East Eighty-fifth Street, New York City; Jacob<br />
Ringle & Son, 83 Newark Avenue, Jersey City, N<br />
J.; M. Rosensweig, 248 Fiftieth Street, Brooklvn;<br />
Globe Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Works, 208 East Eighty-ninth<br />
Street, New York City; Stephan & Danner, Union<br />
Course, L. I.; S. Silverman; Strober Brothers, 449<br />
Atlantic Avenue, Brooklyn; Tidewater Roofing Co.,<br />
40 Sullivan Street, New York City; Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Co.<br />
M. L. Weiss, 68 East Eleventh Street, New York-<br />
Frank White, 220 Leonard Street, Brooklyn • William<br />
R. "ioung Co., 169 Lorimer Sreet, Brooklyn
JULY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 17<br />
Ohio Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Program<br />
Interesting Features for Annual Convention to Be Held<br />
at Toledo, July 20, 21 and 22<br />
Through the courtesy of J. D. Gerken, 25-29 Ontario<br />
Street, Toledo, Ohio, the following program Is<br />
given for the convention of the Ohio Association of<br />
Slieet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors to be held in Toledo, July<br />
20-22, with headquarters at Hotel Secor:<br />
Tuesday, July 20, 1920, 9 a tn., Regisration of Delegates<br />
Convention called to order by John Weigel, president<br />
of Ohio Master Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Association.<br />
Response by Williani Martin, president of local association,<br />
introducing the Honorable Cornell Schreiber, mayor of<br />
Toledo.<br />
Welcoming address by Warren E. Griffith, president of<br />
Toledo Chamber of Commerce.<br />
Response by President John Weigel.<br />
In the Afternoon at 4:30 p. m.<br />
Auto trip through the city and around the beautiful residence<br />
section of Toledo, including Maumee and Perrysburg.<br />
Dinner and entertainment at La Tabernilla, on the shore<br />
of Maumee Bay.<br />
Wednesday Morning, July 21, 9:30 a. m.<br />
Reports of committees.<br />
Address by R. E. Taylor. Subject—Furnace Installation.<br />
Address by J. C. Greenberg. Subject—How To Make<br />
Success of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Art.<br />
In the Afternoon at 1:30 p in<br />
Boat ride to Sugar Island, luncheon aboard boat.<br />
Thursday Morning, July 22, 9:30 a. m.<br />
Address by State Industrial Commissioner.<br />
Question box.<br />
Election of officers.<br />
Selection of next convention city.<br />
The ladies will be entertained during the time of business<br />
sessions by a committee in charge of Mrs. J. D. Gerken,<br />
the program for which will be announced later. Please<br />
write us as early as possible if you are going to attend the<br />
convention so that we will be enabled to make arrangements<br />
and reservations for you when you get here.<br />
Peoria Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors Meet<br />
New Officers Elected at Annual Meeting on Wednesday<br />
Through the courtesy of Secretary Frank I. Eynatten,<br />
1317 South Washington Street, Peoria, UL,<br />
the following information in reference to the annual<br />
meeting of the Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Association<br />
of Peoria, UL, is presented.<br />
The annual meeting was held on Wednesday, June<br />
2, and apparently the election of officers was the<br />
only business for consideration, which resulted as<br />
follows: President, H. T. Becker; vice-president, R.<br />
Strehlow; secretary, F. I. Eynatten, 1317 South<br />
Washington Street; treasurer, R. J. Jobst; trustees,<br />
J. Oechsle, H. A. Baumann and William Hierspeil.<br />
Pittsburgh Gets Sheet<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Convention Report<br />
The certainty of getting a good report of what<br />
transpired at the convention of the National Association<br />
of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors in Peoria brought a<br />
full turn-out of the members of the Pittsburgh Association<br />
when President Louis Luekhardt opened it<br />
with W. F. Angemeyer acting as secretary in the<br />
absence of J. D. Riley.<br />
As both officers were at the Peoria gathering they<br />
gave the correct reflection of the convention views on<br />
training workmen, getting the true costs so the price<br />
would be right, and the whole inside and outside of<br />
the hall discussions. The association also took up<br />
the manner in which tile roofing is handled in Pittsburgh,<br />
and there are sure to be some changes that<br />
will lead to a better distribution of the profits and<br />
a more fair and businesslike way of handling this<br />
branch of trade.<br />
Midland Club Has Big<br />
Attendance at Chicago<br />
Reports Show Plants Busy, Demand Keepjng Pace with<br />
Production and Prices High<br />
The best response to the call for the summer meeting<br />
of the Midland Club resulted in fifty firms being<br />
represented at the June 23 gathering in the Sherman<br />
Hotel, Chicago.<br />
Reports from all sides were to the effect that plants<br />
were exceptionally busy, and that all goods produced<br />
was being absorbed as soon as it made its appearance.<br />
Salesmen have been recalled from the road and, while<br />
new building operations have continued small, replacements<br />
have taken all available stocks. Producing<br />
costs are on the up-grade as metal prices are generally<br />
higher, labor is less efficient and transportation more<br />
expensive.<br />
Past Pres. John D. Green<br />
The topic "More Furnace Trade Abroad" was<br />
brought up in a paper by Frank K. Chew, editor,<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER, and<br />
presented by Secretary Allen W. Williams.<br />
J. M. Trigg, Majestic Co., Hunington, Ind., was<br />
elected president to succeed John D. Green, Aurora,<br />
UL, who is no longer engaged in the furnace industry,<br />
but as his interest continues and is allied, the<br />
honor of being the first and only honorary member of<br />
the association was conferred upon him. John Kerch,<br />
of 20th Century Heating & Ventilating Co., Akron,<br />
Ohio, was elected vice-president and Allen W. Williams<br />
continues as secretary.<br />
The meeting adjourned early in the afternoon, and<br />
a party of several members was taken on an inspection<br />
tour by Mr. Miller of the Cribben & Sexton Co.<br />
through the company's Chicago plant.
18 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2, 1920<br />
Delaware Valley Golfers Meet<br />
After hearing addresses from the state officers the<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization was effected and the following officers<br />
Enjoyable Day Spent at Trenton Country Club by Many<br />
elected: President, Wilfred Walker; vice-president,<br />
Members and Guests<br />
Charles J. Leager; secretary, Alexander J. Brockner;<br />
A meeting of the Delaware Valley Trade Golf As<br />
treasurer, Fred Dyer; financial secretary, F. Bartow;<br />
sociation was held ;.t the Trenton Country Club,<br />
trustees, William Strong, A. Kramer and R. Brown;<br />
Trenton, N. J., June 22, 1920, all of the Trenton<br />
sergeant-at-arms, F. Bettillie.<br />
members of the association acting as hosts. Thirty-<br />
Another friend of the association who was present,<br />
three members and five guests were in attendance and<br />
and through whose courtesy the above is presented,<br />
the unanimous vote proved that a very enjoyable day<br />
was V. P. Christofferson of the Manufacturers' Lia<br />
had been spent at the Trenton Club.<br />
bility Insurance Co., Jersey City, N. J.<br />
The prizes for the day were awarded as follows:<br />
The new <strong>org</strong>anization starts out with well formu<br />
Morning event, lowest net score: A. M. Maddocks, first lated plans that insure success and benefit to the<br />
prize; B. Harold Deacon, second prize.<br />
niembers and the trade.<br />
Afternoon event, best ball foursome: E. S. Aitken, W. G.<br />
The Annual outing of the Association was held<br />
Titus, first prize; H. W. Seymour, Thomas H. Powers, Jr.,<br />
second prize; J. H. Dallett, Ge<strong>org</strong>e Bell, third prize. Wednesdav. June 30-<br />
The contest for the third prize resulted in a triple<br />
tie between Messrs. Dallett and Bell, Maddock and<br />
Newton, and Allen and Deacon, and after a putting<br />
contest was won by Messrs. Dallett and Bell, Mr.<br />
Dallet being the contestant for his side.<br />
The association was especially fortunate in selecting<br />
another fine day for weather, and coupled with<br />
the splendid hospitality of the Trenton boys, it certainly<br />
made the June meeting a splendid success.<br />
The July meeting will be held at the Lulu Country<br />
Club, Edge Hill, Pa., on Tuesday, Julv 20.<br />
Chicago <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s Elect Officers<br />
Dinner Procedes Annual Meeting at<br />
Hotrl Sherman. June 22<br />
An unusually excellent dinner opened the annual<br />
meeting of the Chicago Master <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Association<br />
in the Hotel Sherman, June 22. After it had<br />
reached its proper station President E. J. Claffy<br />
called for the report of the nominating committee<br />
which was unanimously adopted.<br />
The officers who will lead the association for the<br />
coming year are: President, H. M- Hart; vice-president,<br />
F. C. Black; secretary, Charles Glennon;<br />
treasurer, B. W. Brady;<br />
Board of Directors: Geo. H. Henrich, W. E.<br />
Benoit-<br />
Board of Arbitration: W. A. Pope, Ge<strong>org</strong>e M.<br />
Getschow, W. J. Gemeny, R. T. Wray.<br />
Alternates for Board of Arbitration: T. J. Monoahn,<br />
E. J. Kohlbry.<br />
Delegate to B. C. E. A.: O. W. Jovien. Alternate,<br />
J. A. Cook.<br />
Grantwood, N. J., <strong>Plumber</strong>s Organize<br />
Eastern Bergen Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s Association<br />
Established and Officers Elected.<br />
As the result of the initiative work done by Vice-<br />
President Williani J. Orriss, of the New Jersey Assoeiation<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, there was a meeting in<br />
Grantwood, N. J., in the Office of C. J. Leager, on<br />
Monday, June 21, when the Eastern Bergen Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association was instituted and officers<br />
elected.<br />
Those who participated in the <strong>org</strong>anization were:<br />
State President William A. Snudden, Morristown;<br />
State Organizer William F. Beck, Lake Hopatcong;<br />
Third Vice-president William J. Orriss, Jersey City;<br />
Flenrv F. Krieger and Charles Zimmerman.<br />
Eastern Supply Association Bulletin<br />
Members of tlie Eastern Supply Association will<br />
find a great deal to interest them in the special bulletin<br />
issued in reference to the meeting of the association<br />
in Niagara Falls, Canada, and the joint meeting<br />
with the Central Supply Association. The production<br />
is largely that of President Joseph F. Evans,<br />
who has had no hesitation in giving emphasis to<br />
matters of importance and his reference to the contributions<br />
for the Trade Extension Bureau should<br />
secure an encouraging response.<br />
CURRENT NOTES of<br />
ALL THE TRADES^<br />
Personal Notes<br />
EARL F. HAINES, son of fourth vice-president D. M.<br />
Haines, of the National Association of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
Contractors, and accountant in his father's business,<br />
The Haines Co., 1929 West Lake Street. Chicago,<br />
was married on Wednesday evening, June 8, to<br />
Miss E. Richelt, of Maywood, 111. The couple are<br />
spending their honeymoon at Muskegon, Mich.<br />
ARTHUR B. GLESSNER, Excelsior Steel Furnace Co.,<br />
Chicago, left last week for a month's pleasure trip<br />
in the east, including Atlantic City and some of<br />
the New England mountain resorts.<br />
PROFESSOR A. C. WILLARD, professor of heating and<br />
ventilation at the University of Illinois, Urbana,<br />
UL, has made a visit to Boston and is sojourning<br />
in the east until the end of June.<br />
JOHN D. CALDWELL has been appointed district sales<br />
manager for the Brier Hill Steel Co., Youngstown,<br />
in the Chicago territory, to succeed J. A. Rees,<br />
recently deceased. He had assisted Mr. Rees for<br />
several years, and is well and favorably known to<br />
the trade in his district.<br />
H. A. KINNAN, for seven years secretarv-treasurer of<br />
the Lennox Furnace Co., Marshalltown Iowa, has<br />
assumed the duties of general manager on June 15<br />
when E. P. Miller resigned, after 16 years of service,<br />
to <strong>org</strong>anize a new company for the manufacture<br />
of furnaces.
JULY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 19<br />
W. G. WISE, AKRON, OHIO, president of the National<br />
Warm Air Heating and Ventilating Association,<br />
was in Chicago this week attending thc Midland<br />
Club meeting.<br />
CHESTER KUEBLER, advertising manager of Burnett- .<br />
Larsh Mfg. Co., Dayton, Ohio, makers of "Duro"<br />
water supply systems, was taken seriously ill while<br />
en-route to the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' convention in<br />
Pittsburgh. His case was pronounced appendicitis<br />
and the offending member was removed on June 22.<br />
While his many friends missed him, his interests<br />
at the "Duro" booth were well cared for and all<br />
will be glad to know that he is convalescing nicely.<br />
A. J. BELFRY has resigned as general manager of<br />
the American Machine Tool & Engineering Works,<br />
Chicago, 111., to push the sale of a new labor-saving<br />
soldering tool for sheet metal, furnacemen and<br />
plumbers.<br />
J. M. DOYLE, OF ELLENWOOD & DOYLE, 12 Great<br />
Jones Street, New York City, dealers in sheet<br />
metals and sheet metal workers' supplies and tools,<br />
has returned from a delightful trip to Bermuda,<br />
having had splendid weather both ways. His outing<br />
gave him an opportunity to view the trade situation<br />
with open mind on his return and he notes that<br />
the conditions now prevailing are peculiar. With<br />
a shortage of stock, railroad complication and now<br />
the possibility of complication with the tin plate<br />
workers, there is little probability of sufficient accumulation<br />
stock to make things convenient for the<br />
sheet metal contractors or of any reduction in prices.<br />
CHARLES A. BOOTH, vice-president and sales manager<br />
of the Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co., Buffalo, N. Y., was<br />
recently elected a director of the Worcester Polytechnic<br />
Institute, Worcester, Mass.<br />
Heating and Plumbing<br />
THE PACIFIC GAS RADIATOR CO., 614 South Grand<br />
Avenue, Los Angeles, manufacturer of gas radiators,<br />
filed plans for a one-story brick addition, 50<br />
x 127 feet.<br />
THE SANATAR COMPANY of Indiana was incorporated<br />
on June 21, at Indianapolis, Ind., with a capital<br />
stock of $50,000 for the purpose of manufacturing<br />
Sanatar sewage disposal tanks. This tank is designed<br />
for use where sewers are not available. A<br />
novel feature of the Sanatar consists in the portability<br />
of the tank, as it can be built up so as to accommodate<br />
the smallest unit required to take care<br />
of the sewage disposal of five people to the largest<br />
installation for a hotel, school house, etc. It is<br />
built upon lines said to be approved by the United<br />
States Health Service and has received the special<br />
commendation and approval from the State Board<br />
of Health of Indiana and other states. It is of<br />
reinforced concrete and is light in construction.<br />
The company is operating a plant at Portland, Ind..<br />
and will have another one in operation at West<br />
Palm Beach, Fla., in the near future. The product<br />
will be sold through jobbers only.<br />
JUST THE CHARACTER OF INFORMATION that will be<br />
needed by the man who has not heretofore installed<br />
water supply systems is given in the "Duro" in-<br />
stallation and instruction book, issued by the Burnett-Larsh<br />
Mfg. Co., Dayton, Ohio. It opens with<br />
some aid to those who have not been selling water<br />
systems for suburban residence and the diagrams<br />
show the various methods of installing thc motor,<br />
the pump, the pressure tank and connection with<br />
the well or cistern. There are ten of these different<br />
diagrams which cover practically everything a<br />
man may be called up to do. Then there are pictures<br />
of the "Duro" outfit in sections and in separaiton<br />
so that the man can see every part and study<br />
out its purpose and be sure he has got it put together<br />
right. There are also detailed instructions<br />
and finally there are halftone engravings showing<br />
the twelve important steps that two men are taking<br />
in installing a pumping outfit as will have to be<br />
done by all who take up this work. The information<br />
will be particularly valuable to those men who<br />
have not had opportunity to see working outfits in<br />
the showrooms or in exhibits at state and national<br />
gatherings and who must, in a large measure, solve<br />
their own problems of installation.<br />
THE IMPERIAL SOIL PIPE WORKS, Bessemer, Ala., are<br />
planning for the erection of a new unit for the<br />
manufacture of iron pipe and fittings. It is proposed<br />
to develop a capacity of about 30 tons a day.<br />
FROELICH BROTHERS, INC., 1-12 North Seventh Street,<br />
Philadelphia, plumbers' supplies, has had plans<br />
prepared for a new pipe building at Tenth and<br />
Hutchinson Streets, to cost about .* 10,000.<br />
FOR THE CONVENIENCE of its New England and<br />
other trade the Brown-Wales Co., Boston, Mass.,<br />
has issued its price guide of plumbing, steam and<br />
water goods, and sheet metal, which carries one<br />
discount on all goods except soil pipes and fittings<br />
which has a slightly larger discount. It calls attention<br />
to stock shortage and the fact that at the<br />
present time it has nearly 1200 tons of merchandise,<br />
or equal to about 50 carloads, in transit from
20 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2k 1920<br />
the various mills and manufacturers. The book<br />
has 48 pages showing waterclosets, bathroom<br />
equipment, shower baths, plumber's brass goods,<br />
valves, etc., while the heating section shows boilers,<br />
radiators and gives prices on a line of materials<br />
including gas water heaters.<br />
IN SELECTING THE NAME PRES-O-P'LEX for its metal<br />
to metal closet floor flange, the Cosgrove Mfg. Co.,<br />
Rutherford, N. J., offers a solution of a tight connection<br />
between the drainage svstem and the new<br />
Pres-O-Plex<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Closet<br />
Floor Flange<br />
short outlet horn closet. As may be seen from studying<br />
the illustration it includes a metal band securely<br />
fastened to the outlet horn of the closet and for the<br />
seating of this band tightly into the flexible flange<br />
which can be soldered to a lead bend or arranged<br />
to screw into the fittings of a Durham system or to<br />
to be calked to a cast iron pipe drainage system.<br />
Then the closet can be bolted securely by means of<br />
a brass flange thus drawing the twc parts together<br />
making a water- and air-tight connection. It simplifies<br />
the matter of replacement and insures<br />
against leakage at this vulnerable point of the drainage<br />
system in common use.<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s Lead Work Guide<br />
Something new for the plumbing trade is the most<br />
complete and convenient arrangement of data on<br />
plumbers' lead goods which has just been compiled<br />
and issued by the Eagle-Picher Lead Co., Chicago.<br />
This little reference book is of convenient pocket size,<br />
and contains much valuable information which will<br />
help the plumber estimate wherever lead goods is<br />
used. The introduction tells of Eagle traps and<br />
bends, giving details of their manufacture, and has<br />
very many and attractive illustrations of special antisiphon,<br />
bath and drum traps, roof flanges, lead pipe,<br />
sheet lead, solder and white lead, and gives tables of<br />
sizes and prices. Other important information gives<br />
wire gauges in parts of an inch, decimal equivalents,<br />
rules for measuring area and contents, weights and<br />
other helpful hints.<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Industry<br />
THE CAMBRIDGE METAL BARREL CO., Cambridge,<br />
Mass., has been incorporated with a capital stock<br />
of $10,000. The directors are: president, Edmund<br />
T. Flynn, 17 Clinton Street, Cambridge, who is also<br />
treasurer of the company; clerk, Louis Robinson;<br />
assistant, F. R. Mullin.<br />
THE CENTRAL CORNICE & SKYLIGHT WORKS, 909<br />
Springfield Avenue, Irvington, N. J., have filed notice<br />
of <strong>org</strong>anization to manufacture sheet metal<br />
nroducts. John Brisco, 67 Ball Street, heads the<br />
-•>ny. v<br />
IN THE LITERATURE ISSUED by Bird & Son, Inc.,<br />
East Walpole, Mass., in reference to the Art Craft<br />
roof, some is especially adapted to the requirements<br />
of the roofer and can be used by him in his<br />
canvass for trade. It is pointed out that the Art<br />
Craft roof is in roll roofing form but when once<br />
on the building it has all the appearance of a<br />
shingle roof and can be used over an old roof<br />
of almost any character with a certainty of making<br />
it weatherproof and serviceable.<br />
A BULLETIN from Philip H. Lenderking, Linwood<br />
Avenue and Dillon Street, Baltimore, Md., gives a<br />
list of Kalamein stock doors ready for immediate<br />
order, with 5^4 in- trim, or 34 i n - round molding.<br />
He is also prepared to furnish tin clad firepoof<br />
doors and hardware.<br />
Furnace and Stove Trade<br />
THE UNION STOVE WORKS, 70 Beekman Street,<br />
New York, is one of the new members of the Merchants'<br />
Association of New York City and treasurer,<br />
William J. Myers, is the representative of the company<br />
in the membership.<br />
THE BUCK'S STOVE & RANGE Co., St. Louis, Mo.,<br />
makers of furnaces, in pipe, semi-pipelcss and<br />
pipeless styles, ranges and heating stoves, is now<br />
planning additions to its line of furnaces which<br />
are to be ready for 1921. Series 1 will be made<br />
in 5 sizes; Series 2 and 3 each in 3 sizes.<br />
FOR THE MONTH OF JUNE the Modern Way Furnace<br />
Co., Fort Wayne, Ind., has issued a calendar entitled<br />
"Sweets to the Sweet," bearing colored picture<br />
of three small children. The boy is giving<br />
one of the girls an imaginary treat by offering her<br />
a lick of his candy stick, whereas it is stated to<br />
own a Modern Way is a real treat. The inside of<br />
the calendar discloses a sketch of the air circulation<br />
in a house heated by a pipeless furnace and<br />
three great ways to save money by such an installation<br />
are mentioned.<br />
THE STANDARD STOVE REPAIR CO., jobbers in stoves<br />
and repair parts for stoves, furnaces, steam and<br />
hot water heaters, has out grown its quarters at<br />
17-19 North Second Street, Philadelphia, Pa., and<br />
is now erecting a new three-story and basement<br />
building, 30l/2 x 204 ft., at 31-33 North Second<br />
Street. This building will have a floor space of<br />
20,000 sq. ft. and modern facilities for the prompt<br />
and systematic transaction of business. It is expected<br />
to be ready for occupancy on or about Aug.<br />
1 and then the company will be in a position to<br />
extend the scope of its enterprise and handle an<br />
increased volume of general trade.<br />
THE FIRST ISSUE OF A PAMPHLET entitled "Not All<br />
Hot Air," was recently published by the Matt<br />
Sproul Co., Sparta, UL, dealing in heating and<br />
plumbing goods and farm machinery. It presents<br />
in an attractive way the features of the Weir furnaces,<br />
Cole ranges and the other goods handled by<br />
the company and is interspersed with clever witty<br />
comments. In conclusion the present personnel of<br />
the business, which was established in 1867 is<br />
listed and in its fifty-odd years of experience is<br />
summanged as including 22 years with furnaces 29<br />
years in plumbing, and 30 years with stoves 'and<br />
ranges.
JULY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 21<br />
EUGENE WHERZ, 88 Van Dyke Street, Brooklyn, N.<br />
Y., who has made a specialty of building enameling<br />
plants for different purposes, has recently issued<br />
a booklet showing some of the plants that have been<br />
erected as the result of consultation with him and<br />
securing his plans and specifications.<br />
How THE U. S. GRAIN CORPORATION handled entire<br />
•wheat supply of this country during past year with<br />
only one disastrous explosion in a grain elevator<br />
where its stocks were stored and an actual loss limited<br />
to $25,000 is told in a 28-page booklet issued<br />
on grain dust explosion prevention campaign which<br />
has just been concluded under direction of corporation<br />
by experts of Bureau of Chemistry, Department<br />
of Agriculture.<br />
THE CHARACTER OF SERVICE given by the Eddy system<br />
of installing steam heating plants is outlined<br />
in a letter stating that after six years' service in<br />
the Walnut Creek Bank, it is still highly satisfactory.<br />
Tbe Eddy Engineering Co., Alpena, Mich.,<br />
is bringing this to the attention of heating contractors<br />
at this time of the year as a suggestion in the<br />
form of a desk blotter which will be used frequently<br />
and keep the idea of the Eddy system of heating in<br />
mind.<br />
Death of Arthur C. Walworth<br />
Arthur C. Walworth, formerly president of the<br />
Walworth, English, Flett Co., 100 Pearl Street, Boston,<br />
Mass., died at his home, 531 Center Street, New<br />
ton Center, Mass., on June 23, aged 76 years. He<br />
was born in Boston in 1844, the son of James Walworth,<br />
who founded the Walworth Co. The elder<br />
Walworth became the head of Walworth, English,<br />
Flett Co., the original business being established<br />
in 1842. He graduated from the Boston Latin school<br />
and took his A.M. and A.B. degrees at Yale. In<br />
1887 he became president of the company founded<br />
by his father. He was active in politics, serving in<br />
the Massachusetts Legislature for two terms. He<br />
was a member of the American Society of Mechanical<br />
Engineers, ex-President of the Yale Club of Boston,<br />
member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon, Exchange Club,<br />
Brae Burn Country Club and other <strong>org</strong>anizations.<br />
He leaves a wife, four sons and two daughters.<br />
Funeral services were held Saturday, June 26, at<br />
his late residence.<br />
Obituary<br />
PETER E. CARRIGAN, 60 years, 4 Eliot Street, Somerville,<br />
Mass., and for many years engaged in the<br />
plumbing and heating business, died on June 10<br />
after a brief illness. He was born in Keene, N. H.,<br />
and until he was 30 years of age played professional<br />
baseball, and was said to be the first pitcher<br />
to show control of a ball and to be able to curve it<br />
in or out. Retiring from baseball, he opened a<br />
plumbing business and had carried this on for some<br />
30 years in Somerville. He was a member of the<br />
Elks and leaves a wife and two sons, both of whom<br />
are prominent athletes. Services were held at St.<br />
Catherine's Church, June 12.<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Summary<br />
facturers and the Amalgamated Association and a<br />
shutdown of theplants averted.<br />
Black and Oalvanized Sheets-Vemand holds up and receipts<br />
only sufficient to meet regular requirements.<br />
The failure of the coke supply to be maintained<br />
Tin Plate—Good demand and increased production. has necessitated a number of blast furnaces shutting<br />
Tin— Little activity.<br />
down and a continuance of the shortage of freight<br />
Copper— Better demand. Prices unchanged.<br />
cars will seriously cripple the trade. The diverting<br />
Lead—Quiet and prices firm.<br />
of open top cars to the coal trade has considerably<br />
Zinc—Conditions remain the same.<br />
affected shipments of pig iron and movement to some<br />
Antimony—No activity.<br />
Foundry Pig Iron-Few inquiries and delivery uncertain.<br />
Production curtailed.<br />
Foundry C.fce-Shipments curtailed. Price up on spot<br />
territories has ceased entirely.<br />
In the plumbing and heating trades there seems<br />
to be a marking of time in price though pig iron<br />
tonnage. Output decreased.<br />
prices are stronger and the slight recession in copper<br />
Linseed Oil—Demand fair; prices lower.<br />
is not reflected. On July 1, one concern marked up<br />
Spirit* of Turpentine—Quiet; low prices.<br />
radiator prices. In the stove and heater trade prices<br />
are stronger.<br />
TRANSPORTATION SITUATION<br />
STILL BAD<br />
Foundry Pig Iron<br />
JTT In the steel industry work operations during<br />
New T-rfc.-Inquiry for foundry iron is in small volume<br />
*D the past week have continued at a good rate<br />
The railroad situation continues very bad, especially as to<br />
with further accumulations of unshipped, finished<br />
JehveTy of coke and a number of furnaces are either blown<br />
products due to no relief in the transportation out or expecting to blow out this week on account of<br />
entanglements.<br />
?<br />
w.itv to ret coke As high as $18 for furnace coke<br />
At this writing it is considered likely that an and .1. or"foundry coke hfs been paid for immediate<br />
aareement regarding the future mill wage scale will delivery by plants which were in imminent danger of<br />
he reached between the sheet and tin plate manu being compelled to cease operations.
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2, 1920<br />
We quote for delivery in New York as follows:<br />
East. Pa.. No. 1 fdy., sil. 2.75 to 3.25.$50.05 to $51.05<br />
East. Pa., No. 2X fdy., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.05 to 50.05<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 fdy.. sil. 1.75 to 2.25 47.SO to 48.SO<br />
Buffalo, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 47.90 to 48.90<br />
No. 2 X Virginia, sil. 2.25 to 2.75. . . . 49.60<br />
Chicago.—Outside of a few good-sized inquiries and<br />
orders, the market .remains rather quiet. There continues<br />
to be a fair amount of spot business. Foundry coke is<br />
scarce and high. Molders' helpers who were in strike in<br />
local jobbing foundries have returned to work without<br />
achieving tlieir demands.<br />
The following - quotations are for iron delivered, at<br />
consumers 1 yards except those for Northern foundry, and<br />
steel-making iron which are f.o.b, furnace and do not<br />
include a switching charge averaging 50c. per tun.<br />
Northern coke. No. 1, sil. 2.25 to<br />
2.75, last 'half 45.25<br />
Northern coke, No. 1, spot 47.25<br />
Northern coke foundry, No. 2. sil.<br />
1.75 to 2.25 last half 43.00<br />
Northern coke. No. 2, spot 45.00<br />
Northern high phos. foundry, last<br />
half 43.00<br />
Southern coke No. 1 foundry and<br />
No. 1 soft sil. 2.75 to 3.25 50.20<br />
Southern coke No. 2 foundrv sil.<br />
2.25 to 2.75 48.70<br />
Philadelphia.—The pig iron market, which has been in<br />
a somewhat lethargic condition for weeks, was in a state<br />
approaching excitement this week because of the sudden<br />
demand for basic iron from several eastern consumers.<br />
There is a little better inquiry for foundry iron, several<br />
consumers who are not fully covered for last half having<br />
come into the market in the last week. The inquiries are<br />
small, however, mostly of a few hundred tons each. Foundry<br />
iron prices are firm. Eastern blast furnaces are short<br />
of coke and a number are banked. (JIher furnaces are<br />
likely to be banked at any time if the coke shortage becomes<br />
more serious.<br />
The following quotation are for iron delivered in consumers'<br />
yards in Philadelphia or vicinity, except those for<br />
low phosphorus iron, which are f.o.b. furnace:<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25<br />
sil $45.90 to $4S. 10<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil. . 47.15 to 49.35<br />
Virginia No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil. 48.10 to 49.10<br />
Virginia No. 2 X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil. . . . 49.35 to 50.35<br />
Cineinnati.—The recent activity was not mantained during<br />
the week, and dullness again characterized the market.<br />
Very few inquiries are being received and these only for<br />
small tonnages for prompt shipment. The Interstate Commerce<br />
Commission's ruling regarding the use of open top<br />
cars for coal purposes only will have a serious effect on<br />
the shipment of pig iron, and one southern Ohio interest<br />
has notified its customers that deliveries in contracts wilt<br />
necessarily be delayed.<br />
Based on freight rates of $3.60 from Birmingham and<br />
$1.80 from Ironton, we quote f.o.b. Cincinnati:<br />
Southern coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (base<br />
price) $45.60<br />
Southern coke, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 (No.<br />
2 soft) .. 46.85<br />
Ohio silvery, 8 per cent sil 59.SO<br />
Southern Ohio coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25<br />
(No. 2) 46.80<br />
Cleveland.—A late order of the Interstate Commerce<br />
Commission diverting cars to the coal trade is checking<br />
pig iron shipments and may compel consumers in some<br />
sections to shut down their plants. Under the order pig<br />
iron can be shipped in gondola cars only in case the destination<br />
is in the general direction of the coal mines. The<br />
order does not cover low sided gondola cars, the supply of<br />
which is limited, and box cars which furnaces will not use<br />
for pig iron, as they will require loading by hand. The<br />
order will affect particularlv shipments to Michigan and<br />
northern Indiana. It will also stop some shipments from<br />
Cleveland to Chicago territory. Cleveland furnaces have<br />
asked for a ruling as to whether they will be permitted to<br />
use gondola cars for local shipments.<br />
We quote delivered Cleveland as follows, based on<br />
40c switching charge for local iron, a $1.40 freight rate<br />
from Valley points, and $5 from Birmingham:<br />
Northern, No. 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25.$44.40 to $45.40<br />
Northern, No. 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25.$44.00 to $45.40<br />
Southern foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75.. 48.70<br />
Ohio silvery, sil. 8 per cent 58.90 to 60.40<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap Iron, Aeui York.—Many factors continue to depress<br />
the scrap market and prices have again fallen oflf 50e<br />
on several grades. The ruling that open-top cars are to<br />
be used for coal only will make difficult the shipment of<br />
scrap.<br />
Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are<br />
quoting to local foundries, per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $3S.00 to $39.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building<br />
materials, etc.), cupola size 37.00 to 38.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size. . . 30.00 to 31.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers,<br />
etc.) 31.00 to 32.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. min.<br />
diam., not under 2 ft. long) IS.00 to 18.50<br />
Stove plate 24.00 to 24.50<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago—The market is slowly gaining in<br />
strength and activity. Further shipments of scrap may be<br />
seriously interfered with by the new regulations requiring<br />
that gondola cars be loaded in the direction of the coal<br />
mines only. Despite the prospect of difficulty on this account,<br />
some dealers anticipate higher prices and are covering<br />
accordingly.<br />
We quote delivery in consumers' yards, Chicago and<br />
vicinity, all freight and transfer charges paid, as follows:<br />
Per Net Ton.<br />
No. 1 cast $36.00 to $37.00<br />
Boiler punchings 24.50 to 25.00<br />
Locomotive tires, smooth 22.50 to 23.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 9.00 to 9.50<br />
Cast borings 12.00 to 12.50<br />
Stove plate 27.50 to 28.00<br />
Grate bars 27.50 to 2S.00<br />
Brake shoes 24.00 to 24.50<br />
Railroad malleable 26.00 to 26.50<br />
Agricultural malleable 25.00 to 25.50<br />
Country mixed 15.50 to 16.50<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburgh—The recent order of the Interstate<br />
Commerce Commission sending all open-top railroad<br />
equipment to the coal mines is exerting a restrictive effect<br />
upon the movement of scrap iron and steel in contracts and<br />
is creating a demand for material already loaded on cars<br />
for which cars are available that has resulted in somewhat<br />
higher prices than recently prevailed on what might be<br />
classified as spot or prompt tonnages. Marked strength<br />
prevails in all kinds of cast scrap, demands for which<br />
considerably exceed the offerings.<br />
Cast iron wheels $43.00 to $44.00<br />
Rolled steel wheels 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 14.00 to 14.50<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 30.00 to 31.00<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 22.00 to 23 00<br />
Heavy breakable cast 33.00 to 34.00<br />
Cast iron borings 18 00 to 19 00<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 31.00 to 32 00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York—There has been a little better<br />
feeling m the market this week, and values have been<br />
slightly firmer. Dealers' buying prices are as follows:<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible 16 00<br />
Copper, heavy and wire ' ' 15 00<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 13'00<br />
Brassheavy ] ^<br />
Brass, light 7 og<br />
Heavy machine composition ] 15'25<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 9'50<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turning 12 25<br />
Lead, heavy '<br />
^ ead ' tea 5.00<br />
ZlnC 5.25
JULY 2, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 23<br />
THE GENIE OF<br />
THE BOTTLE<br />
LIKE the Genie from the "Arabian Nights",<br />
Prest-O-Lite is a wonderful force confined<br />
in a small cylinder.<br />
It is subject to the command of its master'—<br />
the trained welder and cutter. Under his direction<br />
it performs feats of wonder—anywhere, at<br />
any time.<br />
In the subway builder's excavation, in the<br />
floating dry dock, in fact any place—any time<br />
where welding and cutting metals are required,<br />
the ready portability of Prest-O-Lite is an asset<br />
of genuine worth.<br />
Ask us about the service plan of the Univer<br />
sal Gas with the Universal Service.<br />
THE PREST-O-LITE COMPANY, Inc.<br />
General Offices: 30 East -12nd Street, New York, N. Y.<br />
Kohl Building, San Francisco<br />
In Canada—Prest-O-Lite Co. of Canada, Limited, Toronto<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when writing to advertisers<br />
PW-509
24 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 2, 1920<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago—The market is quiet with decline Old Rubber—Inquiry in the old rubber market is still<br />
in red brass, lead pipe and tin foil.<br />
absent. Prices are lower. Shipping conditions are reported<br />
Cts. per lb. in bad shape.<br />
Red, brass 13.25<br />
Cts. per lb.<br />
Yellow brass, heavy 9.00<br />
Boots and shoes 6% to 6%<br />
Yellow brass, borings 10.00<br />
Trimmed arctics 5 to 5 %<br />
Heavy wire 15.50<br />
Auto tires 2y2to 2%<br />
Heavy copper 15.50<br />
Bicycle tires l%to 1%<br />
Copper clips 13.25<br />
Solid tires 2 to 2 %<br />
Copper bottoms 11.25<br />
No. 1 inner tubes 12 to 13<br />
Lead pipe 6.00<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4%<br />
Tea lead 3.00<br />
Mixed red scrap 3 % to 4<br />
Tin foil 30.00<br />
Mixed black scrap 1 % to 2<br />
Block tin pipe 40.00<br />
Cotton fire hose % to 1%<br />
Zinc 4.25<br />
Garden hose 9_ to 1<br />
Pewter, No. 1 26.00 Old Rags—The tone of the old rags market is easier and<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Boston—The demand for old metals con<br />
inquiry lighter. Wholesale dealers' prices are:<br />
tinues with but little change from last week, with a<br />
No. 1 whites $12.00 to $12.60<br />
stronger undercurrent noticeable. Lead and aluminum show<br />
No. 2 whites. 5.75 to 6.00<br />
some improvement. Dealers are nominally paying as fol<br />
Thirds and blues 3.75 to 4.00<br />
lows:<br />
Straight garments 2.75 to 2.85<br />
Heavy crucible copper $15.75 to $16.25<br />
Hard back carpets 2.55 to 2.66<br />
Heavy scrap copper 15.00 to 15.50<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Light copper 13.60 to 14.00<br />
Paper Stock—There is a slackening in demand in the<br />
Heavy mch. comp. red brass 15.75 to 16.25<br />
paper stock market and the tone is somewhat easier. Whole<br />
Comp. turnings No. 1 14.00 to 14.50<br />
sale dealers' buying quotations for New York are:<br />
Heavy brass 10.00 to 10.50<br />
Over issue magazines $3.35 to $3.45<br />
Light brass 7.50 to 8.00<br />
Crumpled news 1.75 to 1.85<br />
Sheets and <strong>Metal</strong>s<br />
Brass turnings No. 1 rod 9.75 to 10.25<br />
Lead, solid 6.75 to 7.25<br />
New York, July 2, 1920<br />
Zinc 5.25 to 6.75 Black and Oalvanized Sheets—Shipments are again be<br />
Pewter No. 1 40.00 to 42.00 coming irregular and consumers' demands have not de<br />
Clean cast aluminum 24.50 to 26.00 creased.<br />
New aluminum clippings 25.00 to 26.00<br />
BURT<br />
VENTILATORS<br />
Mean satisfied customers and liberal profits for<br />
you. The Burt Ventilator line is both comprehensive<br />
and modern in every particular. It enables<br />
you to meet every problem connected with<br />
the proper ventilation of any building.<br />
Customers prefer the Burt to any other ventilator<br />
because the Burt draws out all impure air, gas<br />
and smoke without operation expense.<br />
The Burt line will enhance your prestige as well<br />
as increase the profits of your business.<br />
Our 128-page catalog Is mailed on request.<br />
Write for it today.<br />
The Burt Manufacturing Co.<br />
300 MAIN STREB7T AKRON, OHIO<br />
Geo. W. Reed & Co., Montreal, Sole Manufacturer<br />
of Burt Ventilators in Canada.<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when writing to advertisers
JULY 2. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 25<br />
Tin Plate—Plant operations have been cosiderably increased<br />
and with the withdrawal of preferential ruling regarding<br />
tin can consumers the demand has improved.<br />
Copper—There has been a better demand by consumers<br />
for forward delivery and producers continue firm in their<br />
quotations.<br />
Tin—The market has been very dull with consumers<br />
showing little desire to buy, and most transactions have<br />
been confined to dealers who found few sellers willing to<br />
part with their holdings.<br />
Lead—Buyers seem comfortably supplied and since producers<br />
are catching up in production only very slowly they<br />
are not pressing the market.<br />
Zinc—There continues to be little demand and conditions<br />
are unchanged from those of the past few weeks.<br />
Antimony—The market is extremely quiet and practically<br />
inactive.<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgh—Preferential treatment granted<br />
manufacturers in the matter of car supplies for the shipment<br />
of material for perishable food containers by the<br />
Interstate Commerce Commission expired yesterday, and<br />
although an effort was made to have the priority renewed,<br />
a hearing held in Washington yesterday brought out that<br />
the accumulation of stocks was reduced from 2,500,000<br />
boxes to 800,000 boxes. Because of this development, the<br />
Interstate Commerce Commission believed that the perishable<br />
food can manufacturers had been well cared for and<br />
consequently declined to extend the priority. The commission,<br />
however, decided to continue to give car preference<br />
to the can companies for movement of tin cans. Not much<br />
change is noted in the tin plate situation other than that<br />
as a result of the sharp reduction in warehouse stocks,<br />
plant operations are on a considerably heavier scale than<br />
they have been recently. Several of the independent companies<br />
are running fuU, and the industry as a whole is<br />
averaging close to 70 per cent of capacity. Although<br />
this is normally the quiet season in tin plate, a good many<br />
demands are coming out, and business is restricted only<br />
because of lack of supplies.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh—Although sheet mill operations are.<br />
maintained at a comparatively high rate, much production<br />
is being piled, due to the acute shortage of cars. The<br />
American Sheet & Tin Plate Co. has no less than 32,000<br />
tons piled up awaiting shipment, and the position of the<br />
independents in this respect is little, if any better. The<br />
market has a quiet appearance, not that the demands are<br />
any less urgent or numerous, but because makers are well<br />
committed over the remainder of the year and are not<br />
eager for fresh obligations. In the case of the mills operating<br />
uder the agreement of the Amalgamated Association<br />
of Iron, Steel and Tin <strong>Worker</strong>s, the disposition to<br />
decline business is rather marked, pending the result of<br />
the conference being held at Columbus, Ohio, on the wage<br />
scale question. This conference is expected to result in a<br />
settlement, as it is believed that since the ending of the<br />
Atlantic City conferece there has been considerable modification<br />
of the ideas on both sides. Illustrative of the<br />
great scarcity of cars, it might be stated that on Monday<br />
the Vandergrift Works of the American Sheet & Tin Plate<br />
Co. did not have a car.<br />
Notes on Prices<br />
Linseed Oil—The linseed oil market reports a fair demand<br />
for small lots. Prices are lower. In lots of 5 bbl.<br />
and over, city raw American seed is quoted at ,1.55 to<br />
$1 65 and out-of-town raw American seed is $1.55 to $1.63.<br />
In' lots of less than 5 bbl. 5c. more per gallon is asked.<br />
Boiled oil brings lc. more per gallon than raw oil.<br />
Svirits of Turpentine—The activity of spirits of turpentine<br />
market is slackening and prices are reduced In<br />
machine barrels in yard, the wholesale price is quoted at<br />
$1.69.<br />
A3S9UC<br />
PLUMBING ^<br />
FIXTURES , ^<br />
A Big Chance to Secure<br />
Profitable Contracts!<br />
Plumbing contractors everywhere are finding a new, expanding<br />
opportunity to increase profits by recommending, selling and<br />
installing the Watrous Gravity Liquid Soap System. Industrial<br />
plants of all kinds, Factories, Railway Depots, Hospitals.<br />
Public Buildings, etc., are adopting this improved method of<br />
dispensing soap.<br />
The one large central container, easily refiled, is far more<br />
economical and more convenient in<br />
Gravity<br />
operation<br />
Liquid<br />
than<br />
Soap<br />
the ordiSy»nary<br />
wasteful method of an individual<br />
tem<br />
container<br />
is a new<br />
for<br />
addition<br />
every<br />
to<br />
bowl.<br />
the<br />
No moving parts to The<br />
line of the celebrated Wat<br />
Watrous System to get out<br />
rous Sanitary Plumbing<br />
of order. Operates wholly<br />
Equipment,<br />
by gravity. The simple<br />
distinquished<br />
valve in the<br />
as represent<br />
dispenser regu<br />
ing the most<br />
lates an even,<br />
advanced<br />
non-wasting<br />
ideas in<br />
supply of<br />
sanitary<br />
soap. A<br />
plumbing<br />
plumber's<br />
science. The<br />
services are<br />
Watrous<br />
required to<br />
Line also in<br />
install the contract for<br />
cludes Watrous<br />
System. The Watrous<br />
Duojet Closets,<br />
Therefore,<br />
Free Information on Request Self-Closing<br />
every sale<br />
Cocks, Uri<br />
you The make Imperial Brass nals, Mfg. Drinking Co. Fountains<br />
will carry<br />
and up-to-date Specialties.<br />
with 1223 it W. a Harrison St. Chicago, HI.<br />
installation<br />
jRosin—Demand in the rosin market is quiet. Local stocks<br />
are improving and prices have declined. On the basis of<br />
380 lb. to the barrel, the wholesale price of common-togood<br />
strained is $13. Grade D is $17.25.<br />
Iron and Steel Pipe—Acuteness of the supply situation is<br />
unrelieved and, in fact, even more pronounced this week<br />
than it has been previously, due to the fact that makers are<br />
feeling acutely the shortage of cars. In the Youngstown<br />
district makers are able to ship only a small fraction of<br />
production, as is illustrated in the case of the Republic<br />
Iron & Steel Co., which has five of its six pipe furnaces in<br />
operation, but is laying down on the average of about 500<br />
tons per day for which shipping facilities are not available.<br />
The National Tube Co. is managing to keep its plants<br />
going, but there are partial interruptions lrom time to time.<br />
This company is allotting its shipments in the effort to<br />
give all customers some supplies.<br />
Foundry Coke—The market maintains a strongly upward<br />
tendency on spot tonnages of both furnace and foundry<br />
coke, especially the former, sales of which have been done<br />
in the past few days at $18 per net ton at oven. Consumers<br />
report several offers of furnace eoke at $17. Spot<br />
tonnages of foundry coke are commanding from $17 to<br />
$18 and in both furnace and foundry coke for last halt<br />
shipment prices are at a considerable discount from the<br />
spot market. Practically all consumers of foundry coke<br />
have concluded negotiations for last half supplies, and such<br />
business is taken to range from $10 to $13 per net ton at<br />
oven Output of coke in the Upper and Lower Connellsville'region<br />
for the week ending June 19 was 178,730 tons,<br />
a decrease from the previous week of 6,500 tons.
26<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be basetl only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide changes in<br />
price continue.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over<br />
99% pure, in ingots for re<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
JULY 2 1920<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks. c,iffieientlv heavv<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sufliciently heavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
n mills, these prices are given for their convenience<br />
lots from<br />
number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticable<br />
On a<br />
to name every size.<br />
melting, 100-lb. lots—37 to 39c<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb.<br />
10c to 12c<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET-<br />
Base price Nominal<br />
%?T TK W $4.00 to $4.50<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
Corrugated-<br />
Round or Square—<br />
Galvanized steel Tiff<br />
Toncan or ingot 15%<br />
Copper<br />
15 vo<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe—<br />
Galvanized<br />
20 5 in 3.50 3.35 2.50 ROSIN-<br />
SOLDER—<br />
5J_ in 3.95 3.85 2.75 Common to good strained (whole- y'. to YL guaranteed 37_;C<br />
6 in 4.10 3.90 3.25 sale), 80 lbs., per lb. .. ...$13.00 No. 1 34}£t<br />
7 in 5.50 5.25 SHEETS—<br />
Refined 30c<br />
Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
ELBOW AND SHOES—<br />
Blue Annealed<br />
Galvanized Steel-<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
private brands vary according to<br />
Plain Round and Corrugated- No. per lb.<br />
6.50-8.00<br />
composition.<br />
All sizes'up to 6 in 50% No. per lb.<br />
6.55-8.05<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES—<br />
Square-<br />
No. per lb.<br />
6.60-8.10<br />
Vaeger's Salts:<br />
Square 40% No. per lb.<br />
6.70-8.20<br />
lib. cans, each 60<br />
Black-<br />
One Pass. C. R. 5-lb. cans, each $3.00<br />
Copper-<br />
Soft-Steel A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
All sizes Net List No. 18 to 20, per lb 7.80- 9.80 Gallon $1.25<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings- No. 22 to 24, per lb 7.85- 9.85 12-gal. Carboy 90c per gallon<br />
Standard list 25% No. 26, per lb 7.90- 9.90 (Jug and carboy extra)<br />
LEAD—<br />
No. 27, per lb 7.95- 9.95 Callahan s Non-Corrosive, per<br />
American Pig, per ib. ..10>_c to lie No. 28, per lb 8.00-10.00 gal $1.75<br />
Bar, per lb 11 J-Sc to 12c No. 29, per lb 8.05-10.05 SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
METAL LATH—<br />
No. 30, per lb .8.25-10.25 Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 50c<br />
vo Under 100 sq. yd. per sq. yd. 40c No. 28 and lighter, 36 wide, In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
..Spiral Riveted—<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.—<br />
10c higher per lb.<br />
Galvanized On application Leads-<br />
Wellsville Polished—<br />
In lots of less than 100 lbs., ad<br />
(See also Elbows and Shoes; Lead, American White, in Oil, 20 gauge 11.10c vance 4c per lb.<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers, kegs less than 500 ibs., 15J_c 22 and 24 gauge 11.20c STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR—<br />
Conductor.)<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. tin pails; 26 gauge 11.30c<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS— add to keg price 14c<br />
Nos. 28 gauge 12<br />
11.50c Copper $2.80 $375 $5.75 $9.00 dz.<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.) Lead, Red, in Oil, less than 500 lbs., Galvanized—<br />
No. 16<br />
Galv 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 dz.<br />
COPPER—<br />
15c<br />
Nos. 18<br />
Cents per lb TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
Lake ingot 21^_-22^_c Dry Colors-<br />
Nos. 22 and 14 9.10-10.60 Straits, pigs per lb 52c<br />
Electrolytic 21-22c Red Venetian, American,<br />
No. 26<br />
9.25-10.75 Straits, in bars, per lb 57c to 62c<br />
Casting 20-21c<br />
Per 100 bs., 2}_ to 5c<br />
No. 27 and 20 9.40-10.90 TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
No. 28 24 9.25-11.05 ..Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00<br />
No.<br />
9.70-11.20 N. B.— The price of 14 x 20<br />
lb., 29J_c mill.<br />
Red, per ton 35.00 40.00<br />
No.<br />
9.85-11.35 "AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 lb. lots Oils-<br />
10.00-11.50 IC, 14 x 20 $16.50<br />
and over.<br />
Linseed, City Raw $1.55 to $1.65 30 10.50-12.50 IX, 14 x 20 18.75<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per 48 in. lb. Linseed, Boiled, advance, per 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide, IXX, 14 x 20 20.50<br />
advance.<br />
to gal lc<br />
20c higher IXXX, 14 x 20 22.25<br />
Cold Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier 96 in. Out of Town American Seed Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized— IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
10 per lb. advance over hot sq. rolled. ft. at $1.55 to $1.65 2\i in. corrugations, 30c per 100 "A"Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
10 Polished— in.<br />
48 in. 7c Spirits Turpentine-<br />
lbs. over flat sheets.<br />
IC, 14 x 20 $14.25<br />
long 6c In Machine Bbl $1.69 Corrugated Roofing—Painted-<br />
IX, 14 x 20 16.25<br />
Over 36 in. wide and 8c 9c PUTTY—<br />
Prices quoted on application.<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 18.00<br />
Planished, lj_c per sq. less ft. more 24 than Pure tubs, 120 lbs 4.50c 2'_-in. Corrugation<br />
Polished.<br />
.38c<br />
IXXX, 14 x 20 19.75<br />
sq. ft.<br />
In 1-lb. to 5-lb tins, 6.00 to 7.35c No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 21.50<br />
Bottom, ide Pitts and and under Flats, 6c<br />
REGISTERS—<br />
No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
Coke Plates, Brightbase<br />
to and 36 in. heavier, wide... per 5c lb Over Cast Iron 10% No. 26, pr 100 sq. ft.<br />
Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
Tinning— 96 in. 96 in. Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
80-lb $11.80<br />
long sq. ft. White Japan or Electro plate SLATE No. 1 Bang. ROOFING— Ribbon... 8.00 to 9.00 90-lb 11.90<br />
and 6c and Small Faces and Borders 20% Pen F. O. Argyl B. cars, Quarry 7.75 Station. to 8.25 100-lb 12.00<br />
less 7c Wall Frames 20% Peach Bottom 10.50 Per Square to 12.50 IC 13.25<br />
sq. ft. 8c Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and No. 1 Chapman According 7.75 to 8.75 IX 13.25<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c 2S% larger 40% Vermont— Pennsylvania— to size IXX 14.25<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c .40% Base Board Registers 20% No. Best 1 Bangor Sea Green $5.00 to $8.00 $8.50 to $11.00 IXXX '15.25<br />
Over 48 in. wide 7c<br />
Base Board Intakes 20% Unfading Green 6.50 to 13.50 IXXXX 16.25<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
White Enameled Goods 5% Red 22.00<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot, Solid Brass or Bronze Goods, ex Maine-<br />
Terne Plate-<br />
Small lots, 8-lb Coating:<br />
Galvanized steel<br />
cept Grilles Net Brownsville, Unfading Black,<br />
Copper No. 15% 3<br />
100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
Grilles in Black and White Japan No. 1<br />
.$14.00<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS— $2.30 or Electroplate in Cast Iron Plain Slatters felt,<br />
30-lb. roll.<br />
IC, 14 x 20 9.50<br />
2.00<br />
Lap or Slip Point, 10% above list. 2.40 Lattice, Design. Smaller than<br />
40-lb. roll.<br />
IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
2.25<br />
IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
CHARCOAL STOVE PIPE<br />
14 x 14 in.,<br />
squared:<br />
ELBOWS-<br />
Prices on application<br />
12-lb. Coating $11.50<br />
NO. 1 No. 2<br />
Less than 14 x 14 in.,<br />
Walter's<br />
4 in $3.30 $3.10<br />
Prices and on application Cooper's <strong>Metal</strong> Shingles 15-lb. Coating 11.75<br />
20-lb. Coating 12.25<br />
H'/i in 3.40 3.15<br />
ROOFING MATERIAL—<br />
30-lb. Coating 13.50<br />
1-Ply Tarred Paper, per ton,<br />
The<br />
35-lb. Coating 14.25<br />
$102.00<br />
M. F. Grade The 13.50<br />
per roll, 108 sq. ft.<br />
Shingles<br />
40-lb Coating 15.00<br />
2-Ply Tarred Paper $1.60<br />
Shingles<br />
WASTE COTTON—<br />
That Last<br />
3-Ply Tarred Paper 2.00<br />
Per lb.<br />
Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
That in 5-lb. Last bags 22c<br />
ZINC SHEETS—<br />
Prices on application<br />
The Most Complete Western Slabs 10-llc<br />
Roofing Line Pitch, of Designs per ton $30.00 The Best Material, Workmanship and Finish<br />
Sheets No. 9 base casks 14"_c<br />
Made Open per in lb Painted Tin or Genuine 15c Re-dipped Q alvanized Tin<br />
Sold at the right price May we send you full-size samples and prices?<br />
National Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Roofing Co. fh^<br />
Grand Street<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
FLORAL PARK, N. Y., JULY 9, 1920<br />
A<br />
The Magazine for<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
Method of Development Including Allowance<br />
to Be Made When Heavy <strong>Metal</strong> Is Used.<br />
VOLUME 94, No. 2<br />
Patterns for Spiral Chute Around Cylinder<br />
Here is an opportunity too good to be lost to point out the valuable<br />
service that our readers are given.<br />
In our columns has been found the solution for problems which<br />
otherwise would be passed up as too expensive for many men and<br />
occupation for men in centers where it is greatly needed would cease<br />
because the work would go to shops which employ experts and can<br />
handle any character of work required of them.<br />
As the result of its assumption of the burden of the expense of<br />
affording instruction on intricate and unusual problems, METAL<br />
WORKER PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER has been the means of providing<br />
all over the country qualified men to serve the whole sheet<br />
metaf industry and extend its field. The request for aid on such a<br />
problem and the method of supplying is given in the article below.<br />
CORRESPONDENT writes: "I would like to<br />
ask assistance with a pattern problem which has<br />
given me much trouble . The problem is a<br />
round spiral chute or succession of elbows, to be<br />
made of No. 10 sheet steel, the chute to be 30 in.<br />
diameter, to fit snugly around a 16-inch pipe, as<br />
shown in Fig. 1. The chute must be smooth inside,<br />
so the seam line will be placed on top and follow the<br />
chute down spirally and form a continuous seam line<br />
from top to bottom."<br />
The sections of the chute should be made tapering<br />
so as to slip into each other without stretching. The<br />
sketch shown in Fig. 1 has been drawn from the<br />
correspondent's description. He does not show or<br />
mention the height of each revolution, which must<br />
be known before any elevation can be drawn, so it<br />
has been assumed to be 48 in. for each revolution.<br />
Before proceeding with the pattern, a plan and<br />
elevation must be drawn as shown in Fig. 2. First<br />
draw any horizontal line as A-B and using T as a<br />
center, describe a semi-circle representing the outside<br />
diameter of the 16 in. vertical cylinder. As the inside<br />
diameter of the chute is to be 30 in. and as No. 10<br />
steel is to be used which is 9-64 in. thick, to avoid a<br />
decimal, take J /s in. as its practical thickness, thus<br />
making the outside diameter of the chute 30J4 in-<br />
Therefore lav off 30^4 in. in the half plan, as shown,<br />
emi-circle C-P-D.<br />
As the correspondent required 12 sections in each<br />
revolution of the chute, then divide the outer semicircle<br />
C-P-D into two halves and five full divisions<br />
as shown by c-d-c-f-gAi, through which joints draw<br />
radial lines — to the apex T, extending them slightly<br />
over the outside of the outer semi-circle as shown.<br />
The quickest way to obtain these five whole and<br />
two half divisions is to first space the semi-circle<br />
into 6 parts, then bisect one of these parts and place<br />
a half part from C to c and D to h, then from C<br />
place 5 whole divisions as shown. Now from<br />
C and D erect vertical lines intersecting the extended<br />
miter lines T-e and TAi, at O and o. Take either<br />
distance c-o or h-o and set it off on each miter line<br />
as from d to o, e to o, f to o and g to o and draw<br />
the outlines from o to o, etc. In a similar manner<br />
parallel to the outlines o-o, etc., draw lines tangent<br />
to the 16 in. semi-circle as shown, two of the corners<br />
being marked a and b. Then C-P-D-J-S-H represents<br />
the one-half plan of the chute.<br />
Obtain the center line of the chute in plan, representing<br />
the top seam as follows: Bisect H-C and<br />
obtain I, from which joint erect a vertical line to<br />
intersect the first miter line at 2. Using T as center<br />
with T-.. as radius draw the semi-circle 1-8 intersecting<br />
the various miter lines at 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 and<br />
from 7 drop a perpendicular line to meet th^> center<br />
line A-B at 8.
30 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 9, 1920<br />
Present Use of Open Fires Too Expensive from Every<br />
Viewpoint and Something Cheaper Is Required<br />
New Method of Heating Needed in England<br />
Will the high cost of grates aud stoves in England<br />
lead to a ehange in principles of warming<br />
the home in that country?<br />
T H E open fire was the earliest method of warming<br />
the houses all over England and many people<br />
still consider it the best. But the present difficulty<br />
is the expense of fitting each compartment with<br />
a smoke flue and a fireplace and the furnishing of<br />
the fire opening with a grate.<br />
- All this seems such a small matter to the average<br />
householder but now that builders are at their wits'<br />
end to erect for the people houses which will bring<br />
a small return—yes, even pay their way—one begins<br />
to wonder if after all the building of the English<br />
home is not all wrong.<br />
Of course, the English people don't think that,<br />
but, with the ceaseless cry of the Ministry of Health<br />
for builders to show some enterprise in erecting small<br />
Englan<br />
American<br />
warm-air<br />
d is sure V getting<br />
methods for heat<br />
furnaces.<br />
ready to adopt<br />
"S homes with<br />
houses, it does seem strange that no cut has been<br />
made on such expensive items as the building of this<br />
flue and fireplace for every room and the cost of<br />
supplying stoves wliich at the present time are costly<br />
and frequently difficult to get.<br />
In adopting this American idea which would require<br />
fewer flues the first great saving would be in<br />
the thickness of the walls. At least the part of the<br />
wall where the chimney flue is built in ordinary cases<br />
would be much thinner. That would mean a saving<br />
not only in bricks but in labor and in many cases it<br />
would also mean more space in the apartment.<br />
In the Englishman's home, say with five apartments.<br />
It is quite the usual thing for these flues to be formed<br />
one on each side of the building, causing a high<br />
stalk to be raised where the flue penetrates the roof.<br />
I do not want you to think that I am against this<br />
chimney construction, not in the least, but what I<br />
want to make quite clear is the fact that England at<br />
the present time is in need of housing. The Government<br />
is making great efforts to have them put up in<br />
great numbers but it also saddled tlie local authorities<br />
with the building and the finding of the money.<br />
With tlie finding of the money comes the grim experience<br />
that tlie whole experiment is too costly.<br />
The result of that discovery is the Ministry of Health<br />
stepping in and saying, "You must cut the cost of<br />
your housing scheme."<br />
Now, I know that almost every detail in the construction<br />
of a house has been interfered with in most<br />
of the housing schemes for the sake of the first cost,<br />
except tlie warming of the house. The warming or<br />
the forming of the open fireplace in every room mav<br />
or may not be wrong but evidently there is not much<br />
sign of this outfit being shifted meantime.<br />
English people seem to be wedded to the system<br />
of open fires. And I should like to draw the attention<br />
of those people in the heating industry in your<br />
country to the fact that if they intend having a try<br />
at capturing a part of the grate and stove trade here<br />
they would do well to study what has led up to the<br />
English fire before they even think of attempting to<br />
Americanize it.<br />
There is no doubt but there is a fine market for<br />
grates, but the bulk is for small registers and after all<br />
the most demand is for those designs which have<br />
as little iron as possible in view when the grate is<br />
in position. These grates should be made with an<br />
ashpit which may be entirely closed for slow combustion<br />
or opened to any extent desired by simply moving<br />
forward the economizer. They should have their<br />
vertical bars and the firebrick backs, with the back<br />
slits kept well forward.<br />
It is extremely important to keep all ironwork<br />
well away from the fire and some firms previous to<br />
1914 had gone so far as to make the grating itself<br />
of fire-clay with slits.<br />
Coal and wood stoves are not much used in the<br />
class of houses wliich are being built at the present<br />
time. What tlie English housewife wants for cooking<br />
is a good range. She must have something which<br />
may be easily converted from an open to a shut<br />
fire.<br />
The range must possess the usual oven hot plate<br />
pan holes, top and bottom flue to the ovens with<br />
dampers so arranged that either the top and bottom<br />
heat or even both may be shut off.<br />
The gas stove both for warming and cooking is<br />
very much in favor all over England. Gas fires & are<br />
now being fitted into many of the coal register<br />
grates for it seems such a simple matter to remove<br />
America has solved the probl 3m of heat-<br />
ing h omes and her methods would grow in<br />
favor abroad i f thoroughlv ad\ ocated and<br />
tried out.<br />
the eoal from an ordinary fire grate, attach a sAall<br />
casting with the number of holes and an atmospheric<br />
burner and fill the grate with asbestos balls.<br />
The English people have found out, however, that<br />
this is probably the most expensive method of using<br />
gas for heating purposes. The grate is not desio-neS
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 31<br />
for the purpose and is much too deep to give the<br />
best results.<br />
Special gas stoves are now made in a great number<br />
of patterns and, where the greatest possible amount of<br />
The right propaganda about furnace heating<br />
would develop trade in Great Britain.<br />
radiant heat is desired with the appearance of the efficient than the open fire which seemed doomed to<br />
open fire, the iron fretfront is mostly adopted. The remain a fixture in the English home.<br />
incandescent wall fire comes next in radiant power.<br />
Gas cookers are now a verv common feature of<br />
A Vital Question to the Furnace Industry<br />
People in England buy what they know<br />
about and would buy American furnaces<br />
if, like people from Missouri, they were<br />
shown.<br />
the English kitchen. Careful experiment has shown<br />
that with these cookers, although obtaining a much<br />
higher efficiency than coal, with the additional<br />
advantage of no surrounding heat, about four-fifths<br />
of the total heat generated is in the case of roasting<br />
uselessly dispersed.<br />
Warming and cooking by electricity is only in its<br />
infancy in this country.<br />
There are a few public buildings over England<br />
which are heated by hot or warmed air, but the introduction<br />
of the warm-air stove as the sole method of<br />
heating to the exclusion of the open fire will not in<br />
my opinion recommend itself to the average British<br />
householder.<br />
Right or wrong, we are so linked up to the system<br />
of open fires that their cheerful appearance would<br />
be greatly missed and would hardly be compensated<br />
by even an equal warmth all over any given compartment.<br />
Moreover, it would be difficult and in<br />
some cases practically impossible to apply such a<br />
system to an old house, although it might be easily<br />
arranged in the design of a new one.<br />
There can be no doubt but that the house constructed<br />
with the single flue would cost less than with<br />
our present method.<br />
The mere cost of the fuel burnt would also be less<br />
if a system of heating or warming by hot air were<br />
To leave out a few fireplaces and flues<br />
would save enough to pay for a furance out<br />
fit.<br />
applied instead of the usual system of open fireplaces<br />
but the difference in the cost of the fuel on the two<br />
systems seems to be insufficient to turn the scale in<br />
favor of the hot-air system.<br />
That, of course, is only one argument to which we<br />
add the cost of building the chimney head, the cost<br />
of building the flues, the forming of the fireplace and<br />
hearth and the purchasing and fitting of the grate.<br />
Against those latter items we have the cost of<br />
excavating and building an underground room for<br />
the heater, so possibly after all things are said and<br />
done, from an economical point there is not much to be<br />
said for either side.<br />
In many parts of the United States and Canada,<br />
I understand that the winters are more severe and<br />
the variation of temperature much greater than in<br />
the British Isles. In these cases it will be found<br />
absolutely necessary to resort to means of heat more<br />
The splendid service rendered the fields in which<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER exerts<br />
a powerful influence for good is shown in extracts<br />
from two letters referring to the article "A Vital<br />
Question to the Furnace Industry," which appeared<br />
in the issue of May 21 and to which attention had<br />
been called.<br />
Prom the letter of William Henry Warren, president<br />
of the Fuller & Warren Co., Troy, N. Y., the<br />
following is taken:<br />
Now that you bring it to our attention we realize the<br />
importance and value of it, and would be glad if you could<br />
send us about a dozen copies We would like to send<br />
them to some of our furnace salesmen with a general letter<br />
on the subject.<br />
Of course, we are not asking for these free, and will<br />
be glad to remit promply for their cost.<br />
From the letter of A. N. Brayers, treasurer of Cooperative<br />
Foundry Co., Rochester, N. Y., the following<br />
is taken:<br />
We have read over carefully the reprint of the article<br />
published in the issue of May 21st. This somehow or<br />
other skipped our notice at that time<br />
We would like to obtain about twenty (30) reprints<br />
and if any charge would be glad to entertain same. There<br />
is no question that when some of the furnace contractors<br />
throughout the country read an article of this sort, there<br />
is bound to be a good effect derived from same.<br />
CO-OPERATIVE FOUNDRY CO.<br />
Of course the requests were granted in both instances<br />
and with our compliments. If you have not<br />
read the article, read it and see that your salesmen<br />
and customers read it.<br />
American Kitchen Utensils Win French Wives<br />
American kitchen utensils have come into favor<br />
with French housewives after a long struggle for<br />
popularity. Not yet reconciled to the loss of her<br />
age-old copper pots and pans, the Gallis menagere<br />
for a long time looked askance at the queer utensils<br />
which the American Red Cross supplied to thousands<br />
of families in the devastated districts.<br />
Her especial disfavor was visited on the queer<br />
contraption the Americans gave her for sifting flour<br />
to take the place of her beloved wooden hoop covered<br />
with horsehair. She could not believe that a siftet<br />
with a handle was simpler or quicker than rubbing the<br />
flour through the horsehair.<br />
A full "kitchen battery" formerly was the French<br />
bride's most prized gift. The "battery" to-day includes<br />
all the alunimum and tinware which make gay<br />
the advertising sections of our American household<br />
magazines.<br />
The French woman is firm in her belief that everything<br />
new under the sun comes from America, and the<br />
trick brooms, odd-shaped coffee pots, metal dishwashers,<br />
patent egg beaters and dishpans are at last<br />
winning her praises.
32 METALWORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 9, 1920<br />
Some Thoughts on the Labor Question<br />
Resume- of the Underlying Facts Which Bear Directly<br />
on General Conditions of the Present Day<br />
By H. F. Baillet<br />
IT is understood that in taking this subject the writer<br />
is skating on thin ice. There is, liowever, no intention<br />
of taking sides or influencing action for or<br />
against. It is simply a desire to call attention to some<br />
of the underlying facts or trends of the situation<br />
which, right or wrong, bear on the present conditions,<br />
with the further thought that it may be of help to our<br />
members in making the best of a difficult proposition.<br />
In the ranks of the journeymen plumbers and also<br />
in the ranks of the <strong>org</strong>anized master plumbers you<br />
will find the extreme radical, that is, one who can see<br />
absolutely nothing good in the personnel or <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
of the other. There is the journeyman who looks<br />
upon every master as a bloodsucker who in his, the<br />
journeyman's, estimation is making money out of<br />
the exploitation of the men in his<br />
t rom the employ and who is a fair mark for<br />
Journeyman's any chicanery that can be practiced<br />
Viewpoint upon him either by the individual<br />
journeyman or by his <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
In his mind there ean be no reasonable limit to the<br />
demands upon the boss short of the entire amount<br />
which the employer receives from the customer for<br />
the journeyman's service. "The full return for my<br />
labor!" is the goal that is ever before his mind's eye<br />
and anything or everything that will advance him or<br />
his, even an inch, toward that goal is considered<br />
legitimate and proper. We may say that the extreme<br />
radicals are but a small percentage of the rank and<br />
file, but a very active and persistent percentage.<br />
On the other hand we have with us the extreme<br />
radical boss. He can see nothing good or human in<br />
the journeyman. The journeyman is to him only a<br />
means to an end, something to be bought as cheaply<br />
as possible and to be sold as dearly as possible. Any<br />
request for amelioration of working conditions or even<br />
suggestion for improvement is met with a scornful<br />
rebuff. Just enough to live and do my work is enough.<br />
That a journeyman should dare to think is a monstrosity.<br />
It is enough that he be allowed to breathe<br />
the same air as his master! Happily the radicals<br />
along these lines are even a considerable smaller percentage<br />
among us than the radicals among the journeymen<br />
; but we have them among us and to ignore this<br />
fact often leads to difficulties beeause it is the opinion<br />
of the extremist that is most often carried, due to<br />
the fact that it usually is the most loudly expressed,<br />
and has a tendency to arouse resentment and antagonism<br />
in the opposing ranks, on both sides.<br />
The present day conditions in the ranks of <strong>org</strong>anized<br />
labor should be known to the master plumbers<br />
so that he may not fool himself, or I might say so<br />
that we may not fool ourselves, by building upon<br />
something that does not exist. In the memory of<br />
some of our oldest members the journeymen could<br />
be treated with as individuals. Year by vear this<br />
individuality is becoming less and less. In localities<br />
where the union system is fully developed the journeyman<br />
does not even select his job. He goes where<br />
the business agent sends him. The employer must<br />
apply to the business agent who in turn sends the<br />
man he selects. How is it that a free born American<br />
will so subvert his individuality? It is because the<br />
Union has obtained for him a higher wage and shorter<br />
hours than he could possibly have obtained otherwise.<br />
This is a fact that we cannot blink, must admit<br />
whether we like to or not.<br />
The individualism of the journeyman has absolutely<br />
been sunk in the community of interest of his craft.<br />
"As the individual freedom of the component parts of<br />
any body of men become less, so the cohesion of that<br />
body becomes stronger!" Now what is it that influences<br />
these men to so blindly, for it is blindly, follow<br />
their leaders—that gives them the strength and<br />
cohesion which they unquestionably^ possess ?<br />
It is probably due to the singleness of purpose" that<br />
has called forth and strengthened the Labor Union<br />
as we know it to-day. The aim and purpose of <strong>org</strong>anized<br />
labor is peculiarly and emphatically single. "The<br />
betterment of its component parts"; "Higher wages,<br />
shorter hours and better working conditions," for<br />
the laborer. Everything and anything that in any<br />
way, shape or form interferes with or obstructs this<br />
purpose is ruthlessly shoved aside. Anything and<br />
everything that bids fair to forward the purpose<br />
is tried and applied. As I heard it expressed recently<br />
"To Hell with anybody or anytliing else!" There<br />
is very little consideration for any other tie or any<br />
other obligation than the one aim and purpose. This<br />
has brought to the journeyman results, which to them<br />
appear worth the sacrifice of their individuality and<br />
constitutes the main strength of their position.<br />
Now let us look at the position of the master<br />
plumber. Where the consideration of the journeyman<br />
and his aim is single, the considerations of the master<br />
are complex and many. The master must consider<br />
p . tlle public because they are his cusrerplexities<br />
tomers and the public's interests<br />
of Master and requirements are many. He<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s nmst consider the apprentice, for<br />
that is the source of future skilled<br />
labor. He must consider the other fellow, because<br />
there is the competition for business. He must consider<br />
his contracts, because there are law courts<br />
that can punish him severely, can put him out of business<br />
for non-performance of contract. He must consider<br />
his credit, his financial standing, or the sheriff<br />
will get after him.<br />
All these considerations and obligations make it<br />
necessary that the master have greater individual<br />
freedom than is required by the journeyman. Greater<br />
individual freedom means less cohesion", less co-operative<br />
effort, absence of discipline. It is much, very
July 9. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 33<br />
much, easier for the master to break away from his<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization, to go it alone as it were, than it is for the<br />
journeyman to do the same thing. The natural and<br />
inevitable consequence is that the master plumbers do<br />
not show as united a front for as long a period as do<br />
the journevmen.<br />
The journeyman's aim is single and persistent.<br />
The master's aim is also single, namely, the "Betterment<br />
of his condition." But he allows many considerations<br />
and obligations, real and imaginary, to<br />
influence his actions, while the journeyman of the<br />
present day has cast aside all obligations and con<br />
siderations that interfere with or hamper his object.<br />
Among both men and masters, or we will use the<br />
better terms employers and employees—there arc<br />
many who temperamentally and through the influence<br />
of environment seek to find a middle way, seek the<br />
common ground, to soften the cleavage, with varying<br />
temporary success.<br />
I believe that this paper has given a terse resume<br />
of the line-up as it exists to-day. The purpose is to<br />
keep us from error if possible. May it be received<br />
in the same spirit in which it is written.<br />
The Value of Sanitary Drinking Facilities<br />
Requirements for Safely Distributing Drinking<br />
Water in Industrial Plants<br />
IF man were built along the same lines as a camel<br />
water would not be vital to nis existence, but since<br />
his structure in its present form consists of about<br />
70 per cent of this element, a constant replenishing<br />
of the supply is necessary.<br />
Since health depends upon water drinking and<br />
working efficiency depends upon health, then working<br />
efficiency also depends upon water drinking. Yet<br />
relatively few who employ a large number of workers<br />
in factories or buildings realize the importance of<br />
giving the installation of drinking facilities the proper<br />
ig. 1 — Note Discarged<br />
Stream Does<br />
ot Fall Back upon<br />
ozzle in Puritan<br />
Foutain Head Made<br />
Halsey W. Taylor<br />
Warren, Ohio.<br />
consideration. How often is the drinking water<br />
supply located in an out of the way nook or corner of<br />
the building, affording an excuse for the employee to<br />
waste time in getting a drink, or where paid by piece<br />
work neglect to drink at all rather than to lose the<br />
time. In either case it is inefficient and therefore it<br />
pays in increased output to locate the drinking water<br />
centrally or readily accessible to all workers.<br />
Before installing a drinking water system a determination<br />
of the purity, palatableness and freedom<br />
from disagreeable odor, color or taste of the water and<br />
the minimum quantity to be distributed, should be<br />
made. Then in distributing or dispensing the water,<br />
its proper temperature at the point of consumption,<br />
its accessibility to all workers and prevention against<br />
transmission of disease from one person to another,<br />
should be assured.<br />
The average person drinks too little water, therefore<br />
workers should be encouraged to drink plenty<br />
of it, but in small quantities and often. Every man<br />
needs daily about 2 qts. of water in addition to about<br />
the same amount taken in as an ingredient in solid<br />
food, making a total of about 1 gal. per day. The<br />
amount that one needs to drink daily will vary under<br />
different conditions and it has been estimated that<br />
with the usual condition of temperature and relative<br />
humidity a person at rest, ordinary activities and hard<br />
work requires 2, 3 and 5 qts., respectively daily. With<br />
high temperature and low relative humidity 4, 6 and<br />
10 qts., are required, and with high temperature and<br />
high relative humidity 2, 3 and 4 qts.<br />
It is an obligation on the employer to provide drinking<br />
water that is unquestionably pure and free from<br />
all chemical, <strong>org</strong>anic and bacterial impurities. Since<br />
failure to drink enough water is a dietetic error,<br />
making the fountain attractive and keeping it always<br />
clean stimulates the water consumption per capita.<br />
The prime requisites in the distribution of the<br />
drinking water are preclusion of all possibility of<br />
contamination and transmission of disease from one<br />
employee to another. The use of the bucket and common<br />
drinking cup is condemned by law and sanitation,<br />
health authorities and in addition it is an expensive,<br />
wasteful, and unsatisfactory method of distribution.<br />
The most satisfactory means of distribution is the<br />
really sanitary drinking fountain. There are many<br />
fountains which purport to be sanitary but in reality<br />
are not due either to faulty design, improper operation,<br />
inadequate repair and upkeep or pollution by<br />
careless and ignorant users. You positively cannot<br />
have safety without sanitation.<br />
A double tilted jet or offset vertical discharge type<br />
as shown in Fig 1 and 2, is considered the most satisfactory,<br />
because it is safe and eliminates the danger<br />
of disease transmission. A wire guard preventing<br />
contact of the mouth with the discharge nozzle is a<br />
very desirable added safeguard.<br />
The proper temperature for drinking water to be<br />
beneficial, palatable and conducive to consumption has<br />
been observed to be from 50 to 55 deg. Fahr. Usually<br />
to obtain this temperature refrigeration is necessary.<br />
Ice should never be brought into contact with the<br />
water.
34 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 9, 1920<br />
Where portable water coolers are used, the common<br />
drinking cup or glass should not be tolerated,<br />
but waxed paper cups designed to be used once and<br />
then thrown away, should be provided.<br />
Oftentimes knowledge of how to make a sanitary<br />
paper drinking cup is useful. The method :3 very<br />
simple. Take a square piece of paper not less than<br />
6 in. in size and fold into the form of a triangle, then<br />
with the triangle sitting on its longest side fold over<br />
Fig. 2— Vertico Slant Stream Drinking Head Made by Rundle-<br />
Spence Co., Milwaukee, Wis.<br />
Offset Vertical Stream Type that Prevents Unsanitary Conditions<br />
one of the bottom corners so its point rests 1-3 of<br />
the distance down from the apex on the opposite side.<br />
Repeat this with the other corner except it must be<br />
folded under. Now the two flaps of the apex should<br />
be folded down in opposite directions and the cup<br />
is completed.<br />
An Institution to Foster Engineering<br />
Knowledge<br />
In former years the young man gomg into the shop<br />
to learn a trade devoted all of his energy toward<br />
getting the practical experience without stopping to<br />
ask the reason for doing things one way rather than<br />
another. Nowadays, however, the young apprentice<br />
seeks some scientific knowledge along with his practical<br />
work and to assist the newcomer in the heating<br />
and ventilating trade to get this information. The<br />
Cleveland Engineering Institute has been established<br />
in Cleveland, Ohio.<br />
This institute conducts a complete correspondence<br />
or home study course on heating and ventilating, consisting<br />
of 54 regular lessons and 6 standard reviews,<br />
whieh is maintained under the progressive class plan<br />
similar to that in use at many technical universities,<br />
that is, each class progressing in the study of subjects<br />
consistent with ability and understanding.<br />
Every class is under the direction of a competent<br />
instructor who is experienced in both the theoetical<br />
and the practical phases of the science. Beginning<br />
with the fundamental laws and basic principles<br />
governing the subject embodied, eaeh phase and step<br />
is carefully studied and applied to practical use. The<br />
classes are required to enter into analytical study and<br />
actual engineering practice, applying each principle<br />
and equation to practical use in keeping with modern<br />
requirements.<br />
The text and form of instruction pertaining to<br />
engineering practice are flexible and kept constantly<br />
abreast of modern lequirements and development<br />
through the medium of an advisory board of acknowledged<br />
experts.<br />
The prospective student may start the course at<br />
any time and with an application of average diligence<br />
should complete it within 14 months. Full particulars<br />
may be obtained by writing to H. Carlton Hewitt,<br />
Director, Cleveland Engineering Institute, 8120<br />
Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio.<br />
IT IS SAID THAT JIM BELCHER and Sam Shepard<br />
from Atlanta were once reading about several men<br />
being in a gas filled room and asphyxiated and Sam<br />
Shepard wanted Jim to explain what they meant by<br />
"asphyxiated." Jim's explanation ran on this wise:<br />
"When I was a helper at the business we used to<br />
run gas pipe and hang gas fixtures. When we had<br />
piped the house and hung all the fixtures it was<br />
gas fixture ated?"<br />
THE BULLETIN No. 57 issued by the Iowa State College<br />
of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts on April<br />
14 is devoted to some experiments with drain tile<br />
and sewer pipe, which will be interesting to the<br />
plumbing trade. It was prepared by W. J. Schlick<br />
and can be secured on application at tlie College<br />
Engineering Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa.<br />
Recipes from an Old Scrap Book
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 35<br />
Fig. 1—Supply and Exhause Units in Place on Sun Deck with<br />
Weather Protective Housing.<br />
Fig. 2—A Supply Unit Located on Sun Deck, Sho<br />
Tempering Coils and Louvred Air Intake.<br />
Are Ships Properly Ventilated?<br />
Why They Are Not, How They Could Be,<br />
and an Example of a Good Job.<br />
M A R I N E designers in the past have given too<br />
much attention to cargo carrying capacity and<br />
too little to the comfort of passengers and crews<br />
in providing ventilating systems with the result that<br />
often unbearable atmospheric conditions prevail on<br />
board. It is not uncommon in mid-summer to find<br />
the boiler room temperature 150 to 160 deg. Fahr.<br />
while even with the ship ice coated the hold rarely<br />
gets below 80 deg.<br />
A ventilating system to be entirely effective must<br />
be combined with a means for heating and cooling the<br />
circulating air to meet varying conditions. No satisfactory<br />
ventilating system can be designed without<br />
taking into consideration air distribution and air<br />
movement. The latter is the important factor in the<br />
comfort of a human being but it is practically impossible<br />
to create a noticeable air movement by exhausting<br />
the air from a room, whereas a plenum sj r stem<br />
will accomplish the desired results.<br />
Fans used for ventilating purposes on passenger<br />
ships handle two to five times the volume of air required<br />
for ventilating the same amount of space ashore<br />
while, with the exception of the dining saloon, lounge<br />
and smoking rooms, which are usually provided with<br />
an air volume approximating land standard, all other<br />
large compartments have from two to three times<br />
these standards and very small staterooms and closets<br />
three to five times. The scientific ventilation of a<br />
ship is not a simple problem and is it experience that<br />
has dictated these ratios or simply a lack of study<br />
of the subject?<br />
The steampship St. Paul of the American <strong>Steam</strong>ship<br />
Line is one of only a few passenger ships that<br />
can boast of ventilation that ventilates. She is<br />
equipped with the Hartmann balanced duplex ventilating<br />
system of the Charles Hartmann Co., 985 Dean<br />
Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., and this installation is a<br />
notable example of the carrying out of the ideas of<br />
its engineers and the handiwork of its sheet metal<br />
workers.<br />
In this installation the prime units consisting of<br />
fans, motors, tempering coils and other apparatus<br />
were placed on the sun deck and the air was distributed<br />
to the various compartments through sheet<br />
metal ducts or conduits. Every fresh air supply and<br />
exliaust opening into the different compartments were<br />
supplied with a register and provided with a regulating<br />
damper.<br />
The length of the ship was divided into five sections<br />
as determined by the bulkheads, and each section<br />
from the sun deck down to the boiler room hold was<br />
provided with one complete set of ventilating units<br />
consisting of both a supply and exhaust fan, tempering<br />
coils, and otlier accessories.<br />
One of these sets in position on the sun deck is<br />
shown in Fig. 1. Here the supply fan delivers<br />
through the 12 x 48 in. sheet metal duct shown to the<br />
right, 11,000 cu. ft. of air per minute, while the exhaust<br />
fan discharges through the turned down opening,<br />
9000 cu. ft. per minute. This method of terminating<br />
the duct prevents rain or spray from a rough<br />
sea entering the opening and collecting in the conduit.<br />
The electric motors, as usual, are protected from the<br />
elements by being enclosed in a weatherproof housing.<br />
Another view showing a supply unit is given in Fig.<br />
2. The intake on the left has adjustable louvres and<br />
the tempering coil with steam connections has a radiating<br />
surface of 405 sq. ft.<br />
Into every assembly lounge, smoking, dining and<br />
mess room, the correct amount of fresh air is introduced<br />
at such points and at such velocity as to form<br />
a positive circulation in the room without any draft<br />
and, when necessary, tempered to prevent chilling.<br />
In each room the air is drawn off before it gets<br />
foul by balancing the volume of air exhausted with<br />
the fresh air brought in and by so locating the exhaust<br />
outlets that they do team work with the fresh air<br />
inlets.
36 METAL WORKER, P L li M B E R AND STEAM FITTER July 9, 19_0<br />
Each room was treated as a complete ventilating<br />
problem in itself, since, for instance, the smoking<br />
room where the lighter-than-air smoke rises and the<br />
dining room where the heavier-than-air vapors and<br />
odors from foods drop to the floor, had to be ventilated<br />
in different ways.<br />
The dining room, 46 x 107 x 9 ft. in size, presented<br />
an interesting problem. The original ventilation system<br />
consisted of two exhaust and two supply registers,<br />
one of each located at both ends of the room on the<br />
side of the funnel casing and above the sideboard as<br />
indicated by Inlet and Outlet in Fig 3. The aft funnel<br />
was a short distance ahead of the rear bulkhead<br />
and since the registers were set in this bulkhead they<br />
were shut off somewhat by the funnel easing. With<br />
outlet and inlet on each side of the fore and aft<br />
funnels a movement of air only around the funnel<br />
casing resulted, as the fresh air supply took the shortest<br />
path and was exhausted out on the other side.<br />
In consequence the center or main portion of the dining<br />
room was unventilated and had to depend for<br />
air circulation and fresh supply on the side port holes<br />
and speed of the ship.<br />
This uncomfortable condition of the dining room<br />
atmosphere was corrected in the following manner.<br />
The total number of registers was doubled and<br />
four supply inlets were placed in the forward bulkhead,<br />
as shown by S in Fig. 3, one in each corner and<br />
the other two alongside of the funnel casing as before,<br />
but a sheet metal duct was run forward around the<br />
funnel casing and above the sideboard so that the<br />
intake would be unobstructed. With this arrangement<br />
fresh air was being discharged into the saloon at the<br />
forward end and moving in the same direction as the<br />
ship, circulated throughout the entire length of the<br />
room at such a velocity that no draft was produced<br />
and was finally exhausted at the rear before it had<br />
become super-vitiated.<br />
This method fulfilled four conditions for successful<br />
ship ventilation and it is needless to add that a comfortable<br />
and delightful atmosphere is maintained in<br />
this dining saloon. First, fresh air was supplied and<br />
foul air exhausted. Second, the supply was discharged<br />
through proper duct sizes at low velocity nd produced<br />
good air movement without draft. Third, a<br />
long air travel permitting the complete extraction of<br />
the beneficial properties of the fresh air, was utilized<br />
without super-vitiation before exhausting. Fourth, the<br />
direction of the air movement coincided with that of<br />
the ship.<br />
rf<br />
Outlet-<br />
In let-<br />
in the cabin library, which adjoins the toilets, an<br />
ingenius ventilating system was adopted. The fresh<br />
air shafts from supplv fan on sun deck were carried<br />
through the toilets in the two corners adjoining this<br />
room as shown in Fig. 3, and sheet metal ducts, run<br />
along this bulkhead above the waterclosets and near<br />
the ceiling, had discharge openings through the wall,<br />
with registers set in the panel work of the cabin<br />
library, thereby providing fresh air supply for these<br />
quarters. Then the space beneath the wall settees<br />
Fig. 4—Appearance of Galvanized Steel Supply and Exhaust Ducts<br />
before Staterooms Were Formed Around Them<br />
was used for the exliaust ducts. With this arrangement<br />
the cabin was amply ventilated without disturbing<br />
its original appearance and it is a striking example<br />
of how the sheet metal man can accommodate his<br />
handiwork to conditions.<br />
The staterooms were all provided with a supply of<br />
fresh air as well as a means of removing foul air.<br />
Each of these staterooms was considered individually<br />
for where the shell of the ship forms a cabin wall,<br />
it cools the confined air and the circulation moves in<br />
exactly opposite currents to what is the case in a<br />
cabin next to a boiler hatch. Also where the cabin<br />
floor was next to the hold and was heated thereby, a<br />
different problem was presented then where the cool<br />
exposed deck formed the ceiling of the cabin. In<br />
cabins with adjoining toilets the amount of air supplied<br />
was greater than that exhausted and additional<br />
air was exhausted from the toilet to insure the odors<br />
going in the right direction.<br />
Paul, Showing Method of Venti latmg Salloon and Library.
July 9. 192C METALWORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 37<br />
Many of the inside staterooms were approximately<br />
8 ft. square with a 9 ft. ceiling and the fresh air,<br />
carried in ducts 6x6 in. above the floor but beneath<br />
settees, was introduced into the room through a<br />
lourved register of equivalent area and then exhausted<br />
near the ceiling in a remote corner by a duet of the<br />
same size.<br />
A section of these galvanized steel ducts in cabins<br />
placed between decks, concealed by interior cabinet<br />
work is shown in Fig. 4. The ducts on the left discharging<br />
near the floor are for supply, while the<br />
extreme ducts on both sides in the ceiling contain the<br />
exhaust outlets as can be seen at the right.<br />
All toilet rooms, kitchen, pantries and galleys were<br />
ventilated by exhausting air from them. No supply<br />
was put into these rooms. In the case of toilets the<br />
air overflow from cabins and staterooms was calculated<br />
to fill the hallways and thence through the toilet<br />
exhaust fans would insure the foul air being carried<br />
off before contaminating the* surrounding quarters.<br />
The installation of ventilating systems aboard ship<br />
encounters many disadvantages due to limited available<br />
room, immovable obstacles to the placing of conduits<br />
and the necessity of keeping the weight of the<br />
apparatus down to the minimum and these difficulties<br />
are greatly magnified where it is a problem of equipping<br />
an old ship. The ventilating system should be<br />
installed when the vessel is constructed and not afterwards.<br />
Fig. 5—Surmounting a Difficulty by Having Duct Encircle Door<br />
Which Must Not Be Obstructed.<br />
A good example of these difficulties is shown in Fig.<br />
5 where in order to form connections between the<br />
galvanized steel ducts of two decks, it was necessary<br />
to make a loop around a steel door which could not<br />
be blocked or removed.<br />
Influence of Tact<br />
The following in reference to Booker T. Washington<br />
was recently presented in the Southern Workman,<br />
the magazine of the Hampton Institute, the great<br />
Negro and Indian educational institution at Hampton,<br />
Va. It points out a characteristic that should be cultivated<br />
by every business man:<br />
One of Dr. Washington's most remarkable traits, one<br />
which entered largely into his success, was his tact. What<br />
is tact? It is that quality in the conduct of our relation<br />
with others whom we seek to influence, which avoids opposition<br />
to one's purpose without deceit upon the essentials<br />
and silence in respect to minor issues likely to awaken<br />
prejudice or resentment.<br />
This quality no man had a higher sense than Booker<br />
Washington. He was able to exercise it because he never<br />
thought of himself, because he had no selfish motive. His<br />
life was absorbed in his cause, and that enabled him to<br />
restrain the temptation to say things and do things to<br />
which he was frequently strongly provoked, by the knowledge<br />
that it would injure that which was dearest to him—<br />
the leading of the Negro race to higher things.<br />
His speech at the Atlanta Exposition is one of the greatest<br />
speeches in the English language, and it reveals this<br />
quality, which has been described in its most beautiful<br />
flower.<br />
Don't Expect Prices to Tumble Helter-Skelter<br />
There has been more noise than price cutting. We<br />
cannot have and need not expect low prices while<br />
wages remain as high as they are, while labor is not<br />
doing a full day's work, while taxation is so crushingly<br />
heavy, while consumption continues reckless and riotous,<br />
while neither raw materials nor merchandise can<br />
be transported expeditiously nor while the present billions<br />
upon billions of currency and credits continue<br />
outstanding. Also, unless this year's crops are larger<br />
than now forecast, the cost of food staples is little<br />
likely to fall materially in the near future.—Forbes<br />
Magazine.<br />
Patterns for Spiral Chute Around Cylinder<br />
(Continued from Page 29)<br />
To obtain the amount of twist required in the pattern<br />
to produce the spiral diagram Y has been prepared,<br />
and shows the method of shifting the miter cuts<br />
so as to produce the spiral chute. Take a tracing of<br />
E-J-H-F in diagram X, including the vertical line<br />
I'-ll" and place it in diagram Y as shown by<br />
E°-J-H°-F°, also the vertical line indicated by 1°-1 T .<br />
From E° at right angles to l°-l v draw a line intersec-<br />
j tion l°-l v at o'.<br />
Now, in Fig. 2, take the distance between the lines<br />
1 a' and b' in elevation at right angles to 4'-5', and<br />
place it on the line l°-l v in diagram Y in Fig. 3, from<br />
o' to b', which shows the amount that one section of<br />
the elbow will be turned upon the other. At right<br />
angles to l°-l v , from F°, draw a line intersecting<br />
I°-l v at o.<br />
Now take a tracing or reproduction o'-E°-F°-o and<br />
slide it down along the line l°-l v , being careful to<br />
place o' upon the point b''; then scribe off the heavy<br />
miter cut shown by 6°-E v -F v -
38 METALWORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 9, 1920<br />
Our Production Capacity Is Increasing So Rapidly That<br />
It Has Already Outstripped Our Consuming Capacity<br />
Foreign Trade Solution of Future Prosperi<br />
Lean Years Can Be Avoided Only By Great Activity In Fostering Good<br />
Will and Demand In Foreign Countries<br />
E V E R Y citizen should urge those who can to devote<br />
some of their producing capacity, some of<br />
their business sagacity and some of their energy<br />
to building up a demand for it as foreign countries and<br />
certainly South America invites her cultivation. In<br />
this country the extension of plants is tying up capital<br />
too fully and some of it should be utilized for<br />
financing investment in foreign good will that will not<br />
return dividends until cordial relations and a thorough<br />
understanding has been made and arrangements perfected<br />
to hold it permanently.<br />
The enterprise should be started with the determination<br />
that the trade once gained shall be held<br />
and not neglected when at home a temporary advantage<br />
may be realized. Such trade has enriched the<br />
British and those who are devoted to it cannot be<br />
turned from it because it is continuously profitable.<br />
It is such business that was urged on the attention of<br />
the American people by President Farrell in his address<br />
at the Foreign Trade convention in San Francisco<br />
from which the following extracts were presented<br />
in The Iron Age:<br />
President Farrel, in his address at the Foreign Trade<br />
Convention at San Francisco, impressed upon his hearers<br />
very forcibly the importance of the United States becoming<br />
a greater exporting nation. Realizing that<br />
Must often the building of great plants overshad-<br />
Become an<br />
ows the °P erations of small companies, Mr.<br />
_, . Farrell called attention to the fact that one<br />
Exporting of the striking features of the war period<br />
Nation was the wonderful growth of small companies.<br />
Referring to the State of Ohio as<br />
a huge workshop in which plants not yet enumerated were<br />
added to the producing capacity, he said that the census<br />
soon to be announced will disclose with reasonable accuracy<br />
the full extent of the maryelous industrial changes which<br />
have taken place, but it is already apparent that the manufacturing<br />
capacity of the country has been immensely increased<br />
and that a large percentage of the output must be<br />
exported. "We shall be confronted,' he said, "with the fact<br />
that we are able to produce more than we can sell at home.<br />
We shall face accordingly such an urgency for foreign trade<br />
as we have never before experienced, for either we shall<br />
find markets abroad for the surplus of our industrial productivity,<br />
or we shall cease to produce it, which is unthinkable.<br />
That way lies stagnation, unemployment and business<br />
reverses."<br />
Mr. Farrell does not, however, take a pessimistic view of<br />
the situation. He believes that jealous and discordant<br />
Must political Pur "policies" that must we can be discouraged at least cherish and the a broader belief that and<br />
larger railroads conception will be built<br />
Broad<br />
of international with a single co-opera- eye to<br />
Countri) tj 0 "- must their commercial be adopted. value He and is of not the to opinion 'their<br />
Policy<br />
place in military strategy, and he might<br />
have added that the optimistic will hope<br />
that the railroads will be built without any plans for financial<br />
strategy.<br />
Mr. Farrell, naturally and very properly, has little patience<br />
with a policy which provides for taking care of<br />
foreign trade when it is convenient to do so and when<br />
domestic demand declines. He insists that the efforts to<br />
extend trade must be sustained and intelligent, which means<br />
tnat spasmodic efforts to create foreign trade cannot be<br />
tolerated. He points out that the development of our industrial<br />
capacity during the war may cause serious distress<br />
later unless the situation is handled with intelligence, energy<br />
and courage. But he does not despair, for he believes that,<br />
if so handled, the benefit of foreign trade will indeed be<br />
greater than ever before enjoyed.<br />
The address covered the situation in general, other<br />
speakers devoting themselves more to the details of what<br />
has been accomplished and what may be done to promote<br />
foreign commerce. The Webb-Pomerene act<br />
Better received some attention, and, while it was<br />
j . , . conceded that this measure is a venture in<br />
legislation a new direction, and has not accomplished<br />
Needed all that its enthusiastic advocates hope for,<br />
it has helped in making real progress in<br />
several ways, especially in enabling the smaller manufacturers<br />
to market their products abroad, but this act even<br />
when perfected cannot accomplish all that will be necessary<br />
in order to increase American exports adequately. The<br />
narrow political policies to which Mr. Farrell referred must<br />
be abandoned and broad policies must be adopted. This<br />
does not mean that the historic American policy of production<br />
must be given up, but it does mean that new policies<br />
must be enacted after giving most careful consideration<br />
to the changes which the World War has wrought in eco<br />
Film Teaches Uses and Abuses of Drills<br />
nomic conditions.<br />
Designed For Sliowing In Shops Because Printed<br />
Instructions Are Not Read<br />
By F. L. Prentiss<br />
T^HE value of the education moving picture film in<br />
industry has been recognized for some time by<br />
progressive manufacturers and a number of very interesting<br />
films of an instructive character have been<br />
produced, the object generally to illustrate the manufacturing<br />
process before spectators engaged in other<br />
fields of activity, who have more or less vague ideas<br />
of the methods employed in making the products in<br />
that particular field. Another type of film for which<br />
there is apparently a wide and as yet little developed<br />
field, is one designed to educate the workman in the<br />
plant so that he will know how to handle machines<br />
and tools properly, do better work, increase production<br />
and reduce waste.<br />
A film of this type, which is undoubtedly one of<br />
the best that has been produced for teaching workmen<br />
proper machine shop practice, was recently made<br />
by the Cleveland Twist Drill Co., Cleveland." This<br />
film, in four reels, requiring 40 minutes to present<br />
illustrates the uses and abuses of twist drills. In<br />
reality it is a reproduction in picture form of a booklet<br />
on this subject issued by this company and it is<br />
intended primarily to reach the inexperienced and<br />
incompetent workmen. The company felt that while
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUM<br />
a conscientious and competent operator of a drilling<br />
machine read the booklet, the indifferent workman<br />
could seldom be reached in that way but could be<br />
educated by means of the film.<br />
The purpose of the film is to depict the best uses<br />
and the most common abuses of the twist drill so that<br />
as a result of the workman's better understanding of<br />
the drill there will be more production and less breakage.<br />
Among the subjects illustrated in the film, with<br />
proper captions to make the various terms used in<br />
connection with drills perfectly clear to the spectator,<br />
are body clearance, web increase, lip clearance, etc.<br />
The worker is taught to grind a drill properly and<br />
examples and results of faulty grinding are shown,<br />
the pictures explaining in what respect the drill has<br />
been ground, either correctly or incorrectly. The various<br />
abuses to which workmen subject twist drills and<br />
the effects of these absuses are also illustrated. Advertising<br />
features are avoided, the only reference to<br />
company or product being a picture of the plant.<br />
The film has been exhibited in a large number of<br />
manufacturing plants during the past few weeks, and<br />
that it has been very favorably received is indicated<br />
Provisions To Protect<br />
A Movement That Affects All<br />
Class of Construction<br />
AN analysis of income tax returns shows that contracting<br />
is the most hazardous industry in the<br />
country. They show that the amount of loss for<br />
every dollar of profit made by construction corporations<br />
is eight times as great as it is in manufacturing,<br />
agriculture, or personal service corporations; five<br />
times as great as in transportation and public utility<br />
corporations; over three times as great as in mining<br />
and quarrying, and nearly twice as in banking.<br />
The reasons for this condition are due to the unusual<br />
number of doubtful elements in construction<br />
with which a contractor must work. It is unnecessary<br />
to enumerate them. They are all too familiar. It<br />
is sufficient that the more such uncertainties can be<br />
eliminated, the lower will be the costs of construction<br />
to the owner, the more satisfactory will be the relations<br />
of the architect, the engineer and the contractor,<br />
and the more will contracts be awarded on a basis<br />
of skill, integrity and responsibility. Never was this<br />
more true or action on it more needed than at the<br />
present time.<br />
From the very nature of construction many of these<br />
uncertainties can never be eliminated. They must<br />
either be assumed by the contractor or the owner.<br />
Some which are now assumed by the contractor ought<br />
by right to be assumed by the owner. Other uncertainties<br />
may be eliminated entirely to the advantage<br />
of both parties. The improvement of present contract<br />
provisions is one of the simplest solutions for this<br />
problem.<br />
With these thoughts in mind the Committee on<br />
Contracts of the Associated General Contractors of<br />
ER AND STEAM FITTER 39<br />
by letters of appreciation from manufacturers. One<br />
production engineer of a large concern writes:<br />
"My purpose of having the motion picture production<br />
exhibited in the plant was to combat the silly excuses<br />
offered by both the foreman and workman for<br />
the failure of efficiency in drilling operations causing:<br />
(1) Low production figures; (2) excessive drill breakage;<br />
(3) excessive drill grinding. In most cases the<br />
excuse for inefficiency centered around the material to<br />
be drilled and in no case was any attempt made to<br />
examine the drill for proper or improper grinding or<br />
the cutting edges, or the point of the drill to determine<br />
the proper relation of feeds and speeds. Your<br />
film helped to drive home to everybody the soundness<br />
of my strenuous campaign for several weeks for<br />
correct drill grinding as a preliminary for getting<br />
results in drilling; this I consider of prime importance."<br />
The Cleveland Twist Drill Co. will furnish the<br />
film free of charge to manufacturers and dealers.<br />
With it is supplied a portable picture projecting ma<br />
chine operating from any lamp socket and it may<br />
be shown in any room that can be slightly darkened.<br />
Building Contractors<br />
Tradesmen Engaged In Any<br />
Work for Buildings<br />
America during the past year has made a study of<br />
113 different forms of contracts of various types.<br />
The committee are not prepared at this time to submit<br />
a complete form of contract embodying every<br />
provision which should be included in a good contract.<br />
They have, however, proved the following provisions<br />
which they recommend be included in every contract<br />
made by members of the Associated General Contractors<br />
of America. Additional provisions will be submitted<br />
from time to time.<br />
The suggestions of members and others interested<br />
are cordially invited.<br />
1. ACTION ON BIDS. Bids should be submitted with<br />
the provision that they must be acted upon within a<br />
reasonable time after their receipt.<br />
Proposed 2. FREIGHT RATE CHANGES — Bids<br />
Contract should be submitted on the basis of<br />
Provisions existing freight rates, with the provision<br />
that in case a change in rates<br />
should occur between the time bids are received and<br />
the date fixed for the completion of the contract, the<br />
contract price should be increased or decreased accordingly.<br />
3. WAGE SCALE CHANGES—Bids should be stated<br />
and be submitted on existing wage rates, with the<br />
provision that the contract price shall be increased or<br />
decreased in accordance with any change in such rates<br />
before the date fixed for the completion of the con<br />
tract.<br />
4. MATERIAL PRICE CHANGES—Bids should be submitted<br />
on the basis of existing prices for materials<br />
f. o. b. the producer's plant or distributor's yard, with<br />
the provision that the contract price shall be increased
40 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 9. 1920<br />
or decreased in accordance with any change in such<br />
price that takes place within the time allowed the<br />
contractor to purchase and fabricate his materials.<br />
5. MONTHLY ESTIMATES—Monthly estimates should<br />
include materials delivered and suitably stored as well<br />
as materials incorporated in the work.<br />
6. PARTIAL PAYMENTS—Certificates should be prepared<br />
and delivered to tlie contractor between the<br />
first and tenth day of each month, showing the proportionate<br />
part of contract price earned during the<br />
preceding month. These certificates should be paid by<br />
the owner by the tenth day of the month. Interest on<br />
deferred payments should be paid the contractor at<br />
the prevailing rate.<br />
7. CONTRACTOR'S RIGHT TO STOP WORK—Under<br />
the following conditions the contractor should have the<br />
right to stop work or terminate the contract upon<br />
three days' written notice to the owner and the architect,<br />
and recover from the owner payment for all work<br />
executed and any loss sustained upon any plant or<br />
material and reasonable profit and damages:<br />
(a) If the work should be stopped under an order of<br />
any court, or other public authority, for a period of three<br />
months, through no act or fault of the contractor or any<br />
one employed by him;<br />
(b) If the architect or engineer should fail to issue the<br />
monthly certificate for payment in accordance with the<br />
terms of contract;<br />
(c) If the owner should fail to pay the contractor,<br />
within seven days of its maturity and presentation, any<br />
sum certified by the architect or engineer or awarded by<br />
arbitration;<br />
(d) Tf the owner does not permit the contractor to proceed<br />
with construction within a reasonable time after signing<br />
the contract.<br />
8. RETAINED PERCENTAGE—The retained percentage<br />
should be based on 100 per cent of the work performed<br />
and should never exceed 10 per cent. When<br />
the amount retained reaches a total sum, which shall<br />
be mutually agreed upon by the owner and the contractor,<br />
no further reduction from payments should<br />
be made.<br />
9. SURETY BOND—Where a surety bond is given,<br />
it should be reduced to agreed intervals so as to cover<br />
thereafter only that portion of work then uncompleted.<br />
10. PENALTY CLAUSES—Wherever any provision is<br />
incorporated in the contract for a penalty against the<br />
contractor (including liquidated damages), there<br />
should also be inserted a provision for a bonus of like<br />
amount.<br />
11. ACTS OF GOD OR PUBLIC ENEMY—The contractor<br />
should not be held liable for results arising from<br />
the acts of God or public enemy.<br />
12. TIME ALLOWED FOR COMPLETION OF WORK—<br />
The time allowed for the completion of the work<br />
should be based on "weather working days" instead<br />
of on elapsed time, and, if necessary, allowance should<br />
be made for time spent in performing unproductive<br />
work made necessary by floods or other natural causes<br />
beyond the control of the contractor.<br />
13. INSPECTION — Where practicable, materials<br />
should be inspected at the source so that costly delay<br />
may not result from the rejection, at the site of the<br />
work, of materials furnished in good faith by the<br />
contractor.<br />
Uncle Joe Cannon some time ago revealed in<br />
a sentence the fundamental principle of an old<br />
bugaboo, "Labor and Capital." He said:<br />
"The man who earns a dollar is a laborer, and<br />
the man who saves a dollar is a capitalist. It<br />
is as impossible to separate labor and capital<br />
as it is to separate oxygen and nitrogen in the<br />
air and continue to breathe."—Dodge News.<br />
14. FORCE ACCOUNT WORK—Payment for force account<br />
work should be made on the basis of the tutal<br />
actual costs of the work, including the actual labor and<br />
material costs, rental on equipment, liability insurance,<br />
etc., plus a reasonable percentage to cover overhead<br />
and profit, total to be not less than 15 per cent.<br />
15. CHANGE IN QUANTITIES—In case the actual<br />
quantities of any item in a unit price contract are less<br />
than the estimated quantities by more than a certain<br />
fixed per cent, the unit price paid by the contractor<br />
for that item should be increased by an amount to be<br />
agreed upon. Similarly, a decrease in the unit prices<br />
should be made in case the quantities are increased<br />
over the estimate by more than a certain fixed per cent.<br />
IG. ARBITRATION—In no case should the engineer or<br />
architect be made the final judge as to the interpretation<br />
of the drawings and specifications or the performance<br />
of the contract. All decisions and interpretations<br />
should be subject to prompt arbitration at the choice<br />
of either party to the dispute.
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 41<br />
This is thc tlace to submit your per<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
plexing problems —the Place to<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
SERVKFTS GRATIS<br />
FROM W. H., NEW YORK CITY—I am about to heat<br />
a two-story house, the second floor plan of wliich is<br />
the counterpart of the first floor plan. The furnace<br />
is of good make and has a 14 in. grate,<br />
How Should<br />
Furnace Job<br />
be Rearranged?<br />
located as shown in the accompanying<br />
sketch. According to my view it should<br />
be moved 6 ft. further back to a point<br />
marked X. The cold air box leads<br />
from under the front porch which has<br />
trellis work around it and I contend it only gets sufficient<br />
air when the wind is from the west The cold<br />
air box I consider too small. It is 10 x 30 in., and I<br />
-10'AA'Peg.<br />
| \IS"xl4Reg<br />
=fi<br />
How Should Furnace Job Be Rearranged?<br />
am of the opinion that it should be 10 x 30 in. for the<br />
size of the grate with which the furnace is equipped.<br />
I should like to put a register in the kitchen which<br />
now has none. What I propose to do is to move the<br />
furnace back 6 ft. and sink it 3 in. lower so as to give<br />
more pitch to the pipes; then to increase the size of<br />
the 10 in. pipe to 12 in. as it is supposed to heat the<br />
dining room, upper bedroom and bathroom. I will<br />
put a 12 x 14 baseboard register in the kitchen and install<br />
a 10 x 12 in. floor register in the dining room also<br />
as a cold air return or should it be run back as a<br />
separate pipe? I consider a trunk line to heat the<br />
dining room, bedroom, bathroom and kitchen would<br />
not work as all the heat would be drawn to the highest<br />
point.<br />
FROM A. B., SOUTH DAKOTA—I would like to get<br />
a diagram of the best way to connect a range boiler<br />
in a bathroom on the second floor. There must be<br />
some way of doing it but I always put<br />
Connecting<br />
Boiler to<br />
Heat Bathroom<br />
my range boilers near the furnace. Now<br />
I have a customer who is going to build<br />
and who wants the range boiler in the<br />
bathroom so as to get a little heat from<br />
the boiler for warming the bathroom.<br />
Will METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
or some of its readers furnish a diagram showing the<br />
proper way to run or install the piping for a job like<br />
this?<br />
FROM FOUNDRYMAN, ILLINOIS—We are having<br />
trouble with a couple of separators that are installed<br />
to arrest the dust, the one from our cleaning room<br />
and the other from our polishing and trimming room.<br />
We have installed these arresters very<br />
Trouble with similar to the method illustrated in<br />
Separator the book "Practical Exhaust and Blow<br />
Pipe Work," by W. H. Hayes, Fig.<br />
26, 27 and 28. We have been cautioned by the concern<br />
that made our separators not to close up the<br />
bottom, but when the bottom is open we do not seem<br />
to get any efficiency. We shall be glad to get any<br />
advice on this matter that the readers can give.<br />
NOTE—If the size of the separator and ducts and<br />
speed at which fan is run and velocity in ducts are<br />
given to maker of separators, help may be expected.<br />
Those who have suggestions are invited to make them.<br />
FROM H. G. G, EAST TOLEDO, OHIO—Will you be<br />
so kind as to ask your readers to give us the standard<br />
proportions for the two types of sepa<br />
Proportions<br />
for Dust<br />
Separators<br />
rators shown in the accompanying<br />
sketch and also whether they are being<br />
manufactured so they ean be puri<br />
based? It will be noted that they are<br />
of different styles and somewhat out of the ordinary<br />
form of construction.<br />
Proportions for Dust Separators<br />
NOTE—In the issue of March 14, 1919, there are<br />
presented the proportions of the usual form of dust<br />
separators which may be of some service while those<br />
who are informed about the types shown are preparing<br />
the answers which they can readily give to the<br />
question presented.
42 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER J"l>' 9 - 1920<br />
^"^<strong>Metal</strong>worker |<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
77ie Combination Shop<br />
THE EDITORS<br />
COMMENTARY<br />
THE neglect of proper ventilation of<br />
ships, both passenger and tramp, cannot<br />
be charged to those who do business<br />
on shore. Yet that their influence might be<br />
well exerted, is evidenced by the number of<br />
vessels on which the atmos-<br />
Ship pheric conditions prevailing<br />
Ventilation in dining saloon and staterooms<br />
are not only bad but<br />
their engine and stoker holds are criminally<br />
exhaustive to those who must work in them.<br />
While the matter of making them habitable<br />
would be simple, marine engineers have been<br />
woefully derelict in the common humanity<br />
of the provisions for the health and comfort<br />
of those on whom the movement of the ship<br />
depends. With the abundance of fresh air<br />
surrounding a ship on the high seas it is a<br />
simple matter to devise a system that will<br />
produce approximately as healthful conditions<br />
in the interior as on the outside of the<br />
ship.<br />
On another page is presented an article<br />
on ship ventilation, which not only describes<br />
a system successfully used on a large American<br />
passenger ship but shows how poor<br />
ventilation was corrected.<br />
Surely here is a lucrative field that merits<br />
the attention of both land and marine engineers<br />
and should be developed not simply<br />
for the business possibilities but for the<br />
benefit of both seagoing public and more<br />
particularly the better efficiency and health<br />
of the workers whose service is absolutely<br />
indispensable. If the marine engineer will<br />
not do his duty in this niatter the landsmen<br />
should do the right thing by the operating<br />
engineers and their working corps. During<br />
the war the American Society of Heating<br />
and Ventilating Engineers rendered a professional<br />
service that brought about almost<br />
a complete change in the naval construction<br />
of battleships, etc. The profession can do<br />
an equally necessary work for the merchant<br />
marine and it ought to be done.<br />
OPPORTUNITY to learn the trend of<br />
thought in reference to prices has been<br />
afforded by hearing the speakers who<br />
have attended various gatherings of the<br />
tradesmen and who are deeply interested in<br />
the basic cost on which the<br />
Conditions selling price is based. Very<br />
Support few goods are being made to<br />
Prices be stored in warehouses.<br />
Most of them are being moved<br />
as fast as the transportation facilities will<br />
permit. With no accumulations of stock in<br />
any line it is clear that what goes to the<br />
market is made up with labor at higher<br />
prices than formerly and of material,<br />
whether pig iron, copper, zinc or other<br />
similar material, selling at higher prices<br />
than some at least that have been known in<br />
the industry for many years.<br />
With the cost of labor and the cost of materials<br />
up there has been no hesitation on<br />
the part of the speakers to say that goods<br />
of various characters in the plumbing, heating,<br />
and sheet metal lines will not come<br />
down this year. But what will happen in<br />
another year is too far ahead to make a positive<br />
assertion and one man's guess on the<br />
future is as good as another's. There is no<br />
hesitation, however, to assert that prices will<br />
continue at their present level or possibly<br />
show some advances during the balance of<br />
this year and that the enterprising and<br />
courageous man will lay these facts before<br />
the people so that their hesitancy to buy<br />
may be overcome with the further statement<br />
that the quality of what is purchased, in a<br />
large measure, justifies the present price.<br />
A great deal of attention has been paid to<br />
making the product accomplish the purpose<br />
economically and continue in service permanently.<br />
The time is approaching when the sales<br />
manager will again come into his own. For<br />
some time back he has had the opportunity<br />
to rest from his labors while the plant manager<br />
and the production force have been occupied<br />
without any strain on him for assistance<br />
to keep the plant going. Already some<br />
of the shrewd forecasters for the future are<br />
laying plans and preparations for the sales<br />
force to go out after business backed up<br />
with good sound advertising campaigns. It<br />
is quite possible that the slogan used will be<br />
"More for the money than ever before<br />
rather than a cutting of price."
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 43<br />
..<br />
What the Words<br />
In Full to Date" on a Check Amount To<br />
By Elton J. Buckley<br />
IHAVE from F. M. Timden, Dubois, Pa., a letter<br />
asking a question which many another business<br />
man is also asking:<br />
I use a special check in paying all invoices, salaries, etc.<br />
In addition to my printed name and business across the left<br />
end of each check, I also have a space in which to indicate<br />
what the check has been issued for. In this space is the<br />
word "For," followed by a line thus: "For _ "<br />
Now if in this space I fill in the words "Account in full to<br />
date," which would then read: "For account in full to<br />
date," and same is mailed to a creditor and accepted by<br />
indorsement and deposited, in due time returning to me<br />
through the bank, will this not legally close the account and<br />
thus constitute a full settlement as intended on my part?<br />
Or puting it another way, of what value, if any, is a<br />
notation on a check indicating the payment of invoices due<br />
by inserting on the check date of same, or the words referred<br />
to, namely: "For account in full to date"?<br />
Not only this correspondent, but thousands of other<br />
business men of all shades and degrees, religiously<br />
print on the back of their checks, "In full to date," or,<br />
"In full of all claims to date," thinking that this saves<br />
them from any possible controversy over the account.<br />
But it doesn't. Unless there has been some dispute<br />
over the ccount, such words on a check have no effect<br />
at all. If more is actually owed than the amount represented<br />
by the check, the creditor can sue for it and<br />
get it, even though he knows when he accepted the<br />
check that it purported to be a receipt in full.<br />
Let us consider first cases in which there has been<br />
no dispute over what is due. The account between<br />
the parties is clear and straightforward. The debtor<br />
either accidentally or by design sends a check to the<br />
creditor for a smaller sum than that actually due, and<br />
marks it "In full of all claims to date." The creditor<br />
accepts it, banks it and gets the money. Later he discovers<br />
that the check doesn't cover the account. He<br />
can get the balance in spite of the notation on the<br />
check.<br />
Or take another common case—where the creditor<br />
inadventently sends the debtor a bill for less than is<br />
due. The debtor sees this and thinking to play sharp,<br />
sends a check for the incorrect amount and marks it<br />
"In full to date." Here, too, the creditor can get the<br />
balance, and the notation on the check is not a bar.<br />
This is under an old common law rule which existed<br />
everywhere until certain States modified it. The rule<br />
can be stated thus:<br />
Where the debt or demand is liquidated or certain (that<br />
is, where the sum due is settled and fixed.—E. J. B.), and<br />
is due, payment of the debtor and receipt by the creditor of<br />
a less sum is not a satisfaction thereof, although the creditor<br />
agrees to accept it as such, if there be no release under<br />
seal or no new consideration given. Payment of a less<br />
amount than is due operates only as a discharge of the<br />
amount paid, leaving the balance still due, and the creditor<br />
may sue therefor, notwithstanding the agreement.<br />
The reason for this rule is that the agreement is without<br />
consideration or void, as the debtor is under an obligation<br />
•Copyright by Elton J. Buckley.<br />
lo pay the whole debt at the time, and the creditor is entitled<br />
to receive the whole.<br />
Under this it was formerly the law everywhere that<br />
the creditor could get the balance of an undisputed<br />
debt, even where he had actually agreed with the<br />
debtor in writing (though not under seal) to accept<br />
part of it in full. He could override that agreement<br />
as if it had never existed, because it had no consideration.<br />
This rule has been modified in Alabama, California,<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>ia, Maine, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia,<br />
Connecticut and Mississippi. In those States a debtor<br />
and a creditor can settle an undisputed debt for part<br />
of it, and they do not even need to do it in writing.<br />
But the law of all those States insists that both<br />
parties know what they are doing and intend to do<br />
precisely what they are about to. In none of these<br />
States would a simple notation on a check bind a<br />
creditor not to go after the balance of an undisputed<br />
debt, the agreement between them would have to go<br />
much further than that.<br />
It is therefore the law everywhere, with the possible<br />
exception of North Carolina, that a creditor who<br />
accepts a check bearing the aforesaid notation, if the<br />
debt is undisputed, is not bound by it, but can get the<br />
balance.<br />
There are two exceptions to this which should be<br />
cited. First is where there is some consideration for<br />
the agreement to take less than the whole in full. For<br />
instance, A owes B $1,000, payable December 1. Being<br />
in need of money, B goes to A on September 1<br />
and says, "If you'll pay me now I'll throw off $100."<br />
A agrees and pays him $900. That settlement is good,<br />
because it had a consideration, viz.: paying the debt<br />
before it was due.<br />
The other exception is where an agreement to accept<br />
less than the whole in full is under seal. A<br />
owes B $1,000. There is no dispute about the amount.<br />
A offers $900 in full settlement and B, being somewhat<br />
in doubt as to A's finances, or needing the money<br />
himself, accepts it. They then execute an agreement,<br />
and at the end of each signature put the scrawl which<br />
represents "Seal." That settlement will also be good,<br />
because it was under seal, and the seal, which is an<br />
" insignia used for the purpose of solemnly binding the<br />
contract, gives it a legal consideration.<br />
Everything said so far refers to cases where there<br />
has been no dispute between the parties as to the<br />
amount of the debt. Where there has been dispute,<br />
and the debtor sends a check for a smaller amount<br />
than the creditor has contended was due, with a notation<br />
on like that under discussion, the creditor, if he<br />
accepts it, is done. The law says then that the parties
44 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER luly 9. 1920<br />
have made in effect a compromise agreement which<br />
must stand. Here is the law on those cases:<br />
Where a claim is unliquidaed or in dispute, payment and<br />
acceptance of a less sum than claimed in satisfaction operates<br />
as accord and satisfaction as the rule that the receiving<br />
of a part of the debt due, under an agreement that the same<br />
shall be in full satisfaction, is no bar to an action to recover<br />
the balance—does not apply where the claim is disputed<br />
or unliquidated. In such case each party agrees to<br />
take (or receive) a sum different from his claim, so there<br />
is mutual consideration.<br />
Buy For Needs Only<br />
The action of the Federal Reserve Banking System<br />
and bankers generally to curtail all loans which are<br />
not made to finance necessities was commended by<br />
Arthur J. Morris, the founder of the Morris Plan.<br />
Mr. Morris said that the present nation-wide movement<br />
was entirely in line with the policy originally<br />
adopted by the Morris Plan and closely adhered to<br />
ever since its inception 10 years ago.<br />
The 103 Morris Plan banks and companies throughout<br />
the United States are continuing to do an everincreasing<br />
volume of business in loans for useful purposes<br />
and ineeonomically financing the time payment<br />
sales of retail dealers.<br />
No loans are ever made on the Morris Plan unless<br />
they are to meet some important needs, such as to<br />
cover the expenses of illness, to satisfy necessary<br />
debts or to buy household necessities or homes or<br />
money-saving value. As often explained, all of our<br />
other property which represent immediate needs and<br />
loans, and they now amount to a total of more than<br />
$160,000,000, must be made for a remedial or constructive<br />
purpose. And this same policy is rigidly<br />
adhered to by all of our banks and companies in<br />
financing the time-payment sales of retail dealers<br />
through retail trade acceptances.<br />
As we say in our advertisements featuring retail<br />
dealers in this city, "The Morris Plan Co. will not<br />
finance any purchaser who does not have an actual<br />
need of the article purchased nor who does not have<br />
a sufficient earning power to justify his outlay." We<br />
urge purchasers always to pay cash if they can in<br />
preference to using the Morris Plan, but if it is absolutely<br />
necessary that they purchase an article and<br />
cannot readily pay the full cash price for it, why<br />
then the Morris Plan is at their service.<br />
Under no circumstances will we finance the purchase<br />
of anything which may be considered a luxury.<br />
Without any change whatsoever in our policy, we now<br />
find ourselves in the forefront of this very desirable<br />
movement to curb extravagance in every possible way.<br />
In reference to the country getting over the stringent<br />
condition now confronting it he said: "If the people<br />
will stop spending money and practice the same<br />
kind of economy and generally make the same kind<br />
of sacrifices as they did shortly after we entered the<br />
World War, the people themselves will avoid a financial<br />
crisis. They arose to the occasion in 1917; why<br />
not do it now and save themselves, as before they<br />
saved the world?"<br />
librarians. It will carry out its enlarged program in<br />
close co-operation with public libraries, library commissions<br />
and the special libraries associations.<br />
These agencies already have done much toward encouraging<br />
the use of technical books by the men and<br />
women who have the most to gain by reading them<br />
and will continue their endeavors indefinitely. These<br />
agencies, however, earnestly seek the support of every<br />
employer throughout the country, that the effort may<br />
successful.<br />
Books as Tools*<br />
By E. A. GOEWAY<br />
'T'HE American employer, still striving to overcome<br />
the many unusual business and financial conditions<br />
which have followed the war, is convinced that the<br />
most serious of his problems is a pronounced shortage<br />
of labor and a dearth of workers skillful to the point<br />
of high proficiency.<br />
The American employer soon must face a sharp<br />
foreign competition. However, qualitv rather than<br />
quantity will stabilize "Made in America" goods in<br />
the world's markets. To do this, he must obtain employees<br />
who tire thoroughly capable.<br />
Ho can he obtain this much-desired efficiency on<br />
the part of his employees ?<br />
There is no question that one solution of this difficulty<br />
points straight to the magic gateway to erudition—books.<br />
Already far-seeing heads of business institutions<br />
have in their plants special libraries of technical<br />
books for their workers and themselves, giving<br />
the most minute information upon the industry, and<br />
such books are in demand for the lunch hour and for<br />
reading at home. Several of the great commercial and<br />
business institutions have found the installation of a<br />
special library of technical books was a wise step.<br />
There still is a deplorable lack of good libraries in<br />
business houses, shops, mills and manufactories. The<br />
significant slogan should be: "Books for everybody."<br />
In the war the American Library Association supplied<br />
to men in service, both here and overseas, more<br />
than 7,000,000 books and now has an enlarged<br />
program.<br />
It is to encourage a larger use of the technical books<br />
now in the public libraries and to urge employers of<br />
labor in factories and plants to install special libraries<br />
of technical books for the use of their employees. It<br />
will endeavor to bring about the extension of the<br />
county library system into use in all parts of the<br />
country that the smallest hamlets may have the newest<br />
and best books. Publishers will be asked to print<br />
such standard American works, in the various foreign<br />
tongues, so that the immigrant can have this literature<br />
in the language which he will understand most easily.<br />
To carry out this enlarged program the American<br />
Library Association will raise a fund of $2,000 000<br />
not, however, by an intensive drive or campaign! but<br />
through the librarians, library trustees and friends of<br />
libraries.<br />
The American Library Association was <strong>org</strong>anized<br />
44 years ago and has a membership of 4.000° acti-e<br />
•Director of Magazine Department American Library Associ :ion. 24 West 39th Street, New York City.
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 45<br />
News of the<br />
TRADE ASSOCIATION<br />
66.<br />
J. A. Bennet with a net score of 71 won the guest<br />
prize, a handsome medal fob.<br />
Jake Weil, who had a gross score of 147 for the 18<br />
holes, won the Duffer's Cup. Captain E. W. Sanborn<br />
announced that Weil Bros, would have an ample supply<br />
pipe and fittings as the prize is made entirely of<br />
fittings.<br />
The members enjoyed luncheon and dinner at the<br />
club house. In the absence of President C. D. (Boots)<br />
Little who had just come out of the hospital after<br />
having undergone an operation, Captain Sanborn presided<br />
and distributed the prizes to the winners as per<br />
score sheet.<br />
MORNING QUALIFYING ROUND<br />
H. M. Algeo 55<br />
S. L. Wright 23<br />
H. E. Harper "1<br />
C. E. Bagnell +1<br />
Paul Blatchford -><br />
Western Trade Golf Tournament<br />
at Olympia Fields<br />
Thirty-two Members and Guests Attend Second<br />
Meet of Season on June 30<br />
For the second time this year Olympia Fields Country<br />
Club extended the privilege of its grounds to the<br />
Western Trade Golf Association for the tournament<br />
on Wednesday, June 30. Thirty-two members and<br />
guests were out for the sport. Many of the "regufars"<br />
were obliged to pass up the tournament because<br />
the annual picnic of the<br />
Chicago Master <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s'<br />
Association was held<br />
the same day, but a sufficient<br />
number were on<br />
hand to make the day and<br />
the play enjoyable.<br />
The chief interest was<br />
centered in the contest between<br />
Joseph F. Carroll<br />
and William Devine, Jr.,<br />
who tied for the association<br />
cup at the initial meet<br />
last month. This event<br />
aroused considerable enthusiasm<br />
for Joe who was<br />
congratulated on the honor<br />
c_'<br />
of winning the cup with a<br />
Captain<br />
Sanborn<br />
net of 81 for the 18 holes<br />
to 87 for his opponent. Joe twice before winning the<br />
honor of having his name placed on the cup, the trophy<br />
is now his permanently. Bill who holds his handicap<br />
proved a good loser and will be a strong contender<br />
for the new cup. The despised "Lindy Leaguers,"<br />
who are showing improved form it is freely predicted<br />
will shortly come into their own.<br />
The first winner to place his name on the new association<br />
cup is Tom Barnes of Mansfield, Ohio, with<br />
the good gross score of 82, or 10 above par for the<br />
course. His handicap of 16 gave him a net score of<br />
7<br />
J. A. Bennett<br />
44<br />
T. C. Kenney 50<br />
C. R. Elliott 50<br />
R. C. Flinder 46<br />
M. J. (>arniecki<br />
4 Wm. Devine, Jr<br />
Harold Cross<br />
°<br />
50<br />
&J<br />
Frank S. Crumley 54<br />
E. W. Sanborn<br />
Peter M. Munn<br />
51<br />
59<br />
A. S. Lindeblad<br />
6 ;<br />
H. A. Craig ^<br />
C. Taylor<br />
T. L. Lewis<br />
R. M. Nelson<br />
•<br />
<br />
^*<br />
°"<br />
H. A. Shaw t\<br />
H. M. Sedgwick<br />
L. Bruce Fulton<br />
50<br />
"<br />
L. E. Wallace<br />
E. L. Dawes<br />
Ben Weil<br />
T. M. Weil<br />
H. P. Mason<br />
5_<br />
2_<br />
»<br />
f,<br />
4b<br />
FIRST FLIGHT<br />
Gross Handicap Net<br />
M T. Czarniecki (winner)<br />
H. P. Mason<br />
Wm. Devine, Jr<br />
97<br />
91<br />
119<br />
20<br />
12<br />
30<br />
77<br />
79<br />
89<br />
Jos. F. Carroll<br />
SECOND FLIGHT<br />
T. Barnes (cup winner) 82 16 66<br />
97 16 81<br />
R. C. Flinder (winner)<br />
E. L. Dawes<br />
L. Bruce Fulton<br />
96<br />
}07<br />
10'<br />
21<br />
30<br />
29<br />
/S<br />
77<br />
78<br />
THIRD FLIGHT<br />
H. Craig (winner) 93 18 75<br />
T. A. Bennett (guest prize)<br />
Paul Blatchford<br />
C. R. Elliott<br />
FOURTH FLIGHT<br />
S. L. Wright (winner) J07 26 81<br />
87<br />
102<br />
4<br />
1«<br />
16<br />
20<br />
18<br />
/l<br />
W<br />
86<br />
F S. Crumley<br />
E. W. Sanborn<br />
H. M. Algeo<br />
'.<br />
15 30<br />
100 18 .<br />
Did not hmsh<br />
85<br />
82<br />
FIFTH FLIGHT<br />
T. C. Kennedy (winner) 98 28 70<br />
L. E. Wallace<br />
H. M. Sedgwick<br />
1»J<br />
9<br />
f S<br />
4 H. M. Sedwick 95 14<br />
|<br />
81<br />
R. R. Sterling<br />
SIXTH FLIGHT<br />
Peter Munn (winner) JI? 30 8,<br />
A. S. Lindebled<br />
99<br />
\<br />
16 83<br />
2 \ 30 91<br />
Harold Cross ,Q ue<br />
H. E. Harper<br />
SEVENTH FLIGHT<br />
C. C. Bagnell (guest) 87 6 81<br />
R. L. Ottke (guest)<br />
<br />
» " »,<br />
T. A. Lewis (guest)<br />
C. Taylor (guest)<br />
93 IS "<br />
1 EIGHTH FLIGHT<br />
~<br />
qc 15 79<br />
H. Shaw (winner) »' £ 103<br />
B. Weil ,,, 30 117<br />
T. M. Weil<br />
R. M. Nelson (guest)<br />
\f.<br />
ui<br />
f0<br />
M<br />
m<br />
The following were unanimously elected to membership:<br />
Cephas Taylor, Jr.. A. M. Byers Co.; Ben Weil,<br />
J M Weil and Martin Weil, Weil Bros.; R. M. Nelson,<br />
Sloan Valve Co.; Thomas P. Wade, Wade Iron<br />
Sanitary Mfg. Co.; R. L Ottke, Standard Sanitary<br />
Mfg. Co.; Eugene Murray, Ohio Brass Co., and Kicliard<br />
Collings, formerly with the American Pin Co.<br />
A unanimous vote of thanks was tendered to H. M.<br />
Craig and the Board of Directors of the Olympia<br />
Fields Country Club.<br />
The next meet will be held the latter part of July.
46 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 9, 1920<br />
Chicago <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s'<br />
Dease made the best score in the golf putting contest,<br />
and Harry Hart shelled more pease than his rivals.<br />
Romp at Ravinia<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Ruud was the most expert at quoits, and the<br />
steam fitters relay team led the salesmen to the tape.<br />
Sixth Annual Outing Enjoyed by Several Hundred Members<br />
The many handsome prizes were presented to the<br />
and Guests on Wednesday. June 30<br />
winners by Ge<strong>org</strong>e Kirk, and everybody was ready<br />
A perfect day and a beauty spot of the North Shore, for the chow call, which was sounded immediately.<br />
Ravinia Park, was the irresistable combination that An excellent chicken dinner was served in the Casino,<br />
drew several hundred members and guests of the after which many motored home, while music lovers<br />
Chicago Master <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Association to the sixth remained te hear tho opera "Lucia" given by well<br />
annual outing, June 30.<br />
known grando pera stars assisted by the Chicago<br />
Nearly a hundred cars lined up in Lincoln Park, Symphony orchestra.<br />
and were gayly decorated with American flags and<br />
blue and white pennants, and everybody was given Honor for Isaac J. Brown<br />
badges and programs of the day's events. The au<br />
Loyalty to the National Association<br />
tomobile committee headed by Charles Lamb found<br />
of Master Plumliers Recognized<br />
seats for everyone, and got the long procession started Seldom is a more substantial tribute paid to sterling<br />
for the hour's drive along the Lake Shore and through qualities of character and competence than was paid<br />
the Chicago suburbs.<br />
by Frank B. Lasette as president of the National Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s to Isaac J. Browne, 100<br />
West Eightieth Street, New York City, in his appointment<br />
as treasurer of that body to fill the vacancy<br />
caused by the death of the treasurer, John Trainor, of<br />
Baltimore.<br />
The loyalty of Mr. Brown to the association and<br />
its interest all recognize and none are better qualified<br />
to judge of his superior business talents than his<br />
legion of association friends.<br />
Here was a matter that required in its adjustment<br />
the highest regard for the late treasurer, the service<br />
Picnic lunches were disposed of promptly, and at<br />
1:30 the rival ball teams lined up to play "indoor<br />
baseball" outdoors, with Cragin pitching and Lavalle<br />
catching for the steam fitters, and Foster and Doherty<br />
doing similar dutv for the salesmen. The umpires<br />
were Dugger and Lamb. Glennon and Casey keeping<br />
the water pail filled and Powers and Brady official<br />
scorers.<br />
Jim Doherty led off for the salesmen and lifted the<br />
second ball pitched into the left garden for a three<br />
bagger. Foster doubled and scored on Scudder's single,<br />
the latter breezing home on an infield tap. The<br />
steam fitters went out in order in their half, and Cragin<br />
gave the salesmen the same deal in the second.<br />
Affeldt singled in the second, scoring on Usher's hit,<br />
who came home when Gawne singled, giving the<br />
steam fitters two tallies.<br />
Doherty opened the third with a homer into deep<br />
center, which brought loud cheers from the salesmen's<br />
section. They annexed another in the fourth, while<br />
the steam fitters failedt o score. But with the score<br />
•5 to 2 against them, thes team fitters manufactured a<br />
run in the fifth on a base on balls and two stolen bases<br />
A single by Flynn, a double by Tom Douglas and<br />
singles by Gawne and Gemeny brought in three runs<br />
m the sixth, while Haas blanked the salesmen in their<br />
half. Weil hit for a single, and road home on the circuit<br />
clout of L. R. Taylor, making two runs, and the<br />
score 7 to 6 in the salesmen's favor. Their triumph<br />
was short lived for the steam fitters came back and<br />
put over three runs during their turn at bat, which<br />
entitled them to the silver loving cup.<br />
The athletic games were started by O. D. Steele<br />
Joe Storey as umpire, Ge<strong>org</strong>e Kirk as recorder Wilham<br />
Benoit and R. J. Madigan at the finish line<br />
Children s foot races were held, then a potato race<br />
egg and spoon race, ball throwing and nail driving<br />
tests for ladies.<br />
b<br />
Roger Kilby led the field in the 100-yard dash for<br />
steam fitters, Tom Douglas second, while Doherty led<br />
the salesmen to the tape. In the finals between the<br />
winners of the two foregoing races Roger Kilby finished<br />
first. Kratz won in the sack race and Deland<br />
touched the tape first in the hopping race. For the<br />
three-legged race Lavelle and Elwood established a<br />
record with Usher and Anderson close seconds. F<br />
Isaac J. Brown<br />
of a man of sound financial standing and a keen insight<br />
into the association's accounting to bring, in the<br />
brief time available, a report to the annual convention<br />
which would shed further honor on a trusted member<br />
and place at his disposal a complete knowledge of<br />
every detail of its affairs.<br />
The splendid service of Mr. Brown is now a matter<br />
of record. ' A tribute was paid by his friends in<br />
nominating him for election as treasurer and again<br />
Mr. Brown showed his fine spirit in withdrawing in<br />
tavor of Richard T. Welch, with whom he had worked<br />
in many conventions.<br />
There will never be a eall from the association for
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 47<br />
Service which Mr. Brown can render that will go<br />
unheard by him and it will "be a pleasure to the members<br />
to have recalled this work in an emergency unostentatiously<br />
done by a man of known standing.<br />
To allow it to pass unnoticed is to fail in appreciation.<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' New National Headquarters<br />
A letter from D. F. Durkin, Jr., president of the<br />
National Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, informs us<br />
that the headquarters of the association is located<br />
at 108 South Twentieth Street, Philadelphia, Pa., in<br />
charge of John Whitaker, executive clerk, and that<br />
those who have any business with the association may<br />
bring it to attention at the headquarters.<br />
Massachusetts' Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
to Hold Annual Outing<br />
Committee Appointed to Arrange for Affairs to Be Held<br />
the Latter Part of August<br />
The Massachusetts Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
is arranging for its annual outing which will probably<br />
be held some time the latter part of August.<br />
A committee consisting of E. W. Cox, J. Preston<br />
Perham, both former presidents of the association, and<br />
J. Wilbur Thompson, the present president, has been<br />
appointed to have the matter in charge.<br />
Patterson Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
Large Attendance and Great Interest Shown<br />
at Open Meeting<br />
On Wednesday, June 28, State Organizer William<br />
F. Beck, Orange, N. J., visited the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Association at Paterson, N. J., at the time of its regular<br />
meeting. He was accompanied by V. P. Christofferson<br />
and after Mr. Beck had explained the blanket<br />
bond for liability insurance and many other matters of<br />
interest to the association including some report about<br />
the convention in Pittsburgh, Mr. Christofferson was<br />
introduced.<br />
He spoke in detail of the things which the state association<br />
had done for the plumbers of New Jersey in<br />
having their compensation insurance rate reduced and<br />
through this feature it had increased its membership.<br />
The meeting was largely attended by members and<br />
in view of the character of information that was to be<br />
presented, it was an open meeting and a great deal of<br />
interest was shown so that there is hope of making<br />
Paterson an association with a 100 per cent, membership.<br />
Heating and Piping Contractors<br />
of Boston Hold Outing<br />
Party Enjoys Sail Down Boston Harbor to Pemberton<br />
Where Dinner Was Served and Games Played<br />
The Heating and Piping Contractors' Association,<br />
Inc., Boston, Mass., held its mid-summer outing at<br />
Pemberton, on Tuesday, June 29, members gathering<br />
for the hour's sail down Boston Harbor during the<br />
early morning and the return being made in the late<br />
afternoon. A few of the members motored down over<br />
the 30-mile trip.<br />
Arriving at the Pemberton Inn grounds, the timehonored<br />
baseball game between the members and the<br />
supply houses was staged. The position of referee<br />
was a difficult one and it took several persons with<br />
plenty of backing to carry the work through to success.<br />
When the smoke cleared away, the members<br />
were found to be the victors with a score of 16 to 11<br />
in their favor. Their success was admitted at the start<br />
of the game when it was found that the same battery<br />
that won the match last year had been secured for the<br />
contest, M. E. Chase pitching, while Ex-president<br />
Frank A. Merrill was on the receiving end. Thzy<br />
have already been engaged for the same work next<br />
season and have been assured a job just as long as<br />
they continue to keep the association's team on the<br />
winning end.<br />
After the game, most of those present shook the<br />
dust of the field from their persons by a cool swim<br />
in the big pool.<br />
There were about 25 members, jobbers and allied<br />
trades members including the sheet metal men, covering<br />
men, specialty men and the boiler manufacturers,<br />
who sat down to the excellent dinner in the<br />
balcony of the semi-open dining room. President<br />
James W. Woodward of the association, of the firm<br />
of Lynch & Woodward, was toastmaster, and the<br />
speaking which was wholly informal, was given by<br />
some of the allied trades members including John H.<br />
Towle, boiler representative for H. B. Smith & Co.;<br />
John Lynch, Hodge Boiler Works; John Slattery,<br />
Crane Co., and Ge<strong>org</strong>e Elliot, Walworth Mfg. Co.<br />
All touched upon the benefits of association work and<br />
frequent gatherings of the members.<br />
"Sandy" Chapman furnished entertainment during<br />
the dinner, assisted by talent from the cabaret and<br />
dancing girls of the Inn. Many clever "stunts" were<br />
also arranged by the committee. In one of these,<br />
Ex-President Frank A. Merrill was arrested by Ex-<br />
Patrolman Kelleher of the Boston police force acting<br />
as a liquor enforcement officer. The stunt was cleverly<br />
worked and Merrill was able to secure bail from the<br />
members and was allowed to complete his stay with<br />
the party. Then a telegram arrived stating the alleged<br />
"liquor" was found to be ginger ale.<br />
President Woodward was considerably surprised<br />
when a live goat was lead into the balcony by two bellhops<br />
and presented to him from the association. It<br />
developed that the goat had been purchased on Cape<br />
Cod the previous day and taken to the Inn in an auto,<br />
the cushions of the back of the car showing the rough<br />
usage to which the goat had put them. After some<br />
coaxing and rapid stepping, President Woodward was<br />
able to lead the goat from the balcony and to take<br />
it home with him by auto.<br />
F. S. Cleghorn, cleverly disguished as an Italian<br />
animal trainer, with H. E. Whitten as the bear, gave<br />
a brief entertainment and it was several minutes before<br />
they were recognized by their closest friends.<br />
The affair was in charge of a committee consisting<br />
of F. S. Cleghorn, Elmer L. Sollis and Fuller C. Scofield,<br />
ably assisted by Secretary C. W. Sisson.
48<br />
METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
New England<br />
Plumbing Inspectors<br />
July 9, 1920<br />
Entertainment Program Outlined for Gathering<br />
Canobie Lake Park, Salem, N. H., to Be Scene of Picnic with<br />
at Battle Creek, July 16 and 17<br />
Semi-Annual Meeting at Lawrence, Mass.<br />
The New England Association of Plumbing Inspectors<br />
will hold its semi-annual meeting and outing<br />
at Canobie Lake Park, Salem, N. H., Thursday, July<br />
15, with the business session at Lawrence, Mass., preceeding<br />
the automobile ride to the park.<br />
The members will gather at the Lawrence City Hall<br />
and after the business session will play their annual<br />
baseball game at Canobie Park and indulge in other<br />
sports. Dinner will be served at I p. m.<br />
Maurice Hirschstein, Joseph Hirschstein, and William G.<br />
Solomon of Josam Mfg., Co., Michigan City, Ind., at<br />
Entrance to Motor Square Garden, Pittsburgh, Where<br />
They Made an Exhibit During tlie <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Convention.<br />
Proceedings of Heating and<br />
Ventilating Engineers<br />
The members of the American Society of Heating<br />
and Ventilating Engineers are receiving the volume<br />
No. 25 of the Proceedings of the society for the year<br />
1919, which occupies 432 pages. The delay in its<br />
appearance has been due to the conditions which have<br />
prevailed in the printing trade for some time back.<br />
Doubtless it will be studied by the members with<br />
some interest inasmuch as it treats of many interesting<br />
things. Not least important to the heating industry<br />
at the present time is the information about the<br />
effect of humidity upon health and comfort in the<br />
home. Tlie ideas brought out in the discussion of humidity<br />
are that the average man, woman or child encounters<br />
the conditions which produce diseases in his<br />
own home rather than in the places where a multitude<br />
of people assemble.<br />
The proceedings of the society for many years have<br />
been used as text books in schools and many libraries<br />
realize their value and provide them for the benefit<br />
of their patrons. Tliis year there is a very considerable<br />
amount of valuable information and as the book<br />
can be procured by those who are not members of the<br />
society, the information they contain is open to the<br />
entire industry.<br />
The book i.s issued from the society's headquarters,<br />
29 West Thirty-ninth Street. New York Citv.<br />
Michigan Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
Contractors Outing<br />
Through the courtesy of State Secretary F. E. Ederle,<br />
1121 Franklin Street, S. E., Grand Rapids,<br />
Mich., the following program is presented for the fifth<br />
annual outing of the Michigan Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors'<br />
Association, to be held in Battle Creek on Friday<br />
and Saturday, July 16 and 17.<br />
Friday morning will be taken up with the registration<br />
and reception at the Post Tavern. At 1.30 p. m.<br />
a sightseeing trip will start, visiting Camp Custer,<br />
Battle Creek Sanitarium and the Kellogg Corn Flake<br />
Co., where special guides will be provided. In the<br />
evening there will be a banquet at the Post Tavern,<br />
dancing in the Bridge Room and cards in the Blue<br />
Room.<br />
Saturday at 9.00 o'clock tliere will be a baseball<br />
game on the league grounds at Goguac Lake. Employees<br />
of Kalamazoo and of Battle Creek will battle<br />
for the supremacy. Boating, bathing and other entertainment<br />
at the lake will be provided. At noon a<br />
lunch will be served by the Battle Creek Association<br />
to its guests. At 1.30 p. m. there will be a vaudeville<br />
entertainment, followed by general sports and at<br />
.3.30 a ball game will be played between a team selected<br />
from Lansing, Saginaw and Flint, with Albert<br />
Klopf as team captain, and a team from Battle Creek,<br />
Kalamazoo and Jackson, with James Shouldice as captain.<br />
This game is to decide the ownership of the loving<br />
cup now held by Saginaw. Only active members<br />
residing in these cities will be allowed to participate<br />
in the game.<br />
Visitors are requested to register early and get<br />
badges whieli will enable them to participate in all<br />
of the entertainments. The committees in charge are<br />
under Williani Lusk as general chairman. The banquet<br />
committee is composed of Mr. and Mrs. William<br />
Lusk; entertainment committee—Mr. and Mrs. C. Jensen,<br />
Mr. and Mrs. F. E. Ederle and Mr. and Mrs.<br />
James Shouldice; reception committee—Mr. and Mrs.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Lowder> Mr. and Mrs. Guy Fitzgerald, Mr.<br />
and Mrs. John Darlington, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Ruele<br />
and Mrs. Frank Walters; finance committee—M. L.<br />
Jones and John Darlington; hotel reservation committee—L.<br />
Parrish, C. H. Ederle and Lon Shouldice.<br />
Accompanying the program and invitation is a copy<br />
of the 1920 roster of the active and auxiliary members,<br />
in which President F. T. Daly takes opportunity<br />
to explain the use of the roster to increase the acquaintance<br />
of the membership and the efficiency of the<br />
association. It gives not only the officers of the association<br />
and the list of the members, but also the list<br />
of the members of the auxiliary association composed<br />
of salesmen with their addresses and the house they<br />
represent. It gives the example of the overhead expense<br />
of a three-man shop and also the cost of four<br />
squares of 40-lb. tin roofing as shown by A. B. Lewless<br />
at the Saginaw convention. It points out that the<br />
next state convention will be held in Flint in 1921
July 9, 1920 METALWORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 49<br />
Will Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Men<br />
Drive Their Industry?<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> and Roofing Contractors<br />
Suggestions in Article Approved by Members of Baltimore<br />
The article by the above head which appeared in<br />
the July 2 issue of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER ANO<br />
STEAM FITTER contained such practical information<br />
and valuable suggestions for the sheet metal contractor<br />
that the copy sent to the Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> and Slag<br />
Roofing Contractors' Association of Baltimore was<br />
read at its meeting on May 27. The letter from Secretary<br />
J. E. La Mottee is given below and needs no<br />
further comment.<br />
This article should prove of value to every sheet<br />
metal man and, if you have not read it, get a copy of<br />
the July 2 issue and turn to page 3.<br />
THE SHEET METAL AND SLAG ROOFING CON<br />
TRACTORS' ASSOCIATION OF BALTIMORE<br />
SF.CRETARY'S OFFICE<br />
407 West Lombard Street<br />
Baltimore, Md.<br />
June 3, 1920.<br />
Mr. Frank K. Chew, Editor<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
243 West 39th St., New York City.<br />
Dear Sir:—Your letter addressed to W. A. Fingles under<br />
date of May 24th, together with the paper entitled<br />
"Will Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Men Drive Their Industry," was read<br />
at the meeting of this association on May 27.<br />
I take pleasure in stating that in the opinion of the<br />
members of our association the suggestions as outlined<br />
therein are indeed practical, and if followed out, would<br />
greatly help in the advancement of the trade, and be a<br />
great factor in producing more efficiency among the craft.<br />
Acting, therefore, on that part of your article which<br />
suggests cutting clippings from trade journals, and gathering<br />
other information which might be of interest to the<br />
association and reading same at our meetings, not only<br />
on subjects pertaining to our craft, but on other questions<br />
having to do with progressive business methods in<br />
other fields; this association has appointed a committee<br />
to be known as "The Driving Committee," personnel of<br />
which is Charles T. Brandt, Joseph E. Watkins, G. E.<br />
Strobel, and Charles E. Weems.<br />
The duty of this committee will be to gather information<br />
as outlined above and devise means of Driving The<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Business Ahead.<br />
It might be of interest to you to know that we have an<br />
answer as to the practicability of your suggestion in one<br />
of our own members who does all his own pattern drafting.<br />
He gained his knowledge of this art, when as a<br />
boy serving his apprenticeship, he cut patterns out of<br />
trade journals and applied them to practical every-day<br />
use, together with earnest thought and study, which if<br />
rightly pursued always leads to the top in every profession.<br />
Permit me in closing to state, we think your article well<br />
written, full of much useful information, and thank you<br />
for the opportunity of presenting it so clearly before the<br />
members of this association.<br />
Very respectfully yours,<br />
(Signed) J. E. LA MOTTEE, Secretary.<br />
National Association of Waste<br />
Material Dealers<br />
Hold Quarterly Meeting at Hotel Astor,<br />
New York City, June 15, 16 and 17<br />
The quarterly meeting of the National Association<br />
of Waste Material Dealers, which includes in its<br />
membership dealers ill rags, paper, rubber, waster,<br />
scrap metal and by-products, was held at the Hotel<br />
Astor, New York City, on June 15, lu and 17. President<br />
F. W. Reidenbach requested the co-operation of<br />
the daily press in designating those engaged in this<br />
trade as waste material dealers rather than junkmen,<br />
since the aggregate annual business of this essential<br />
industry now totaled almost one billion dollars and<br />
the tradesmen were entitled to a more dignified term.<br />
The <strong>Metal</strong> Division inserted an additional clause<br />
under "Delivery" in the present metal classification,<br />
and changes in item No. 20. Also items No. 30 and<br />
31, regarding Monel metal scrap and turnings, were<br />
added.<br />
The Scrap Iron Division deferred action on the<br />
controversy between the Pacific Coast dealers and<br />
the railroads in reference to what is or what is not<br />
entitled to be classified as scrap iron, until a later<br />
meeting to be held in the middle west.<br />
THE TOURISTS IN PACKARD<br />
To the recent Convention of the National Association<br />
of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors at Peoria; John H.<br />
Gunther, Harry Guenther, E. P. Gunther and R.<br />
E. Cooney, Ir.. of W. F. Zeller Co.<br />
Engineering Advertisers' Assoeiation<br />
Discuss Photo Engraving<br />
At the recent meeting of the Engineering Advertisers'<br />
Assoeiation at the Hotel LaSalle, Chicago,<br />
Louis Flader, Commissioner of American<br />
Photo Engraving Assoeiation, gave an interesting<br />
talk on the subject of photo engraving. Mr.<br />
Flader's business career has been devoted almost<br />
exclusively to the engraving field, and a better<br />
posted man on that subject would be hard to find.<br />
The Engineering Advertisers' Association will<br />
rest during July and August; the next regular<br />
meeting will be held on Sept. 14.<br />
CURRENT NOTES of<br />
ALL THE TRADES<br />
PERSONAL NOTES<br />
PRESIDENT O. A. HOFFMAN, of the Milwaukee Association<br />
of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors, accompanied by<br />
Mrs. Hoffman and Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Stoltz. is
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 9, 1920<br />
distribution is due to their high grade and quality,<br />
finish and service and tliis service, it is said, proves<br />
their worth. Tliis is the claim that is made by the<br />
Quakertown Stove Works, Quakertown, Pa., which<br />
has. since July 19. 1917. continued the business formerly<br />
conducted under the name of Roberts, Winner<br />
& Co. As yet the stove trade throughout the country<br />
is not thoroughly aware of the change and new name.<br />
This is due to the fact that many stoves still have the<br />
name of the old concern, but their repairs and the<br />
new line under the name Beechwood all come from<br />
the Quakertown Stove Works.<br />
The company states that it has re<strong>org</strong>anized its selling<br />
force and is now working on an efficient basis,<br />
with the result that 80 per cent, of this year's production<br />
was sold in the first five months and the produet<br />
is being distributed over a territory which includes<br />
Xew York State, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland.<br />
Delaware and the District of Columbia, so that<br />
it is growing wider in its scope.<br />
It is claimed that the maintenance of the high<br />
quality of tlie Beechwood line through uncertainty of<br />
labor, scarcity of material and shipping difficulties has<br />
resulted in establishing in the trade a faith in the<br />
Beechwood goods and the company that manufactures<br />
them. This faith has brought an increased demand<br />
for the Beechwood line with the result that in order<br />
to maintain the efficient and sincere service, the com<br />
pany has had to enlarge its plant and has now under<br />
construction a new building which will take care of<br />
the shipping, warehouse and the office, and whieli will<br />
be two stories in height. 42 ft. G in. wide x 147 ft. in<br />
lengtli. This conipany is also building an enameling<br />
plant 38 x 110 ft.. This will enable the company to<br />
meet the demand that has grown up for enameled<br />
ranges and stoves.<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
THE BUFFALO FORGE Co., Buffalo, N. Y., has again<br />
been entertaining the sales staff and in the week of<br />
June 22-25 there were several papers read and discussed,<br />
including one on "The Design of Galvanized<br />
Ducts with Special Reference to Factory Heating,"<br />
by L. C. McClanahan; one by H. F. Gremmel<br />
on the "Buffalo-Klein System of Heating"; one<br />
by B. R. Andrews on "The Dryjeetor"; one by CA.<br />
Roth on "Types and Characteristics of Multiblade<br />
Fans." H. P. Gant, Philadelphia, had a paper on<br />
"Sewage Pump Installations," and Robert W.<br />
Pryor, Jr., had a paper on "Buffalo Apparatus in<br />
Paper Mills." One discussion in which the boys<br />
were interested was by Miss Lillian Greene of the<br />
bookkeeping department on the Proper Distribution<br />
of Commissions.<br />
THE SYRACUSE VAPOR HEAT CO., Syracuse, N. Y.,<br />
manufacturer of heating equipment, has increased<br />
its capital stock from $10,000 to $75,000.<br />
THE IRON CITY PIPE & FITTINGS CO, a co-operative<br />
merchants' sanitary pipe works, commenced operations<br />
in Birmingham, Ala, on June 22. The<br />
Birmingham Pipe & Fittings Co. will commence<br />
operations during the week.<br />
THE LUDLOW VALVE MFG. CO, Troy, N. Y, a New<br />
Jersey corporation, manufacturer of high pressure<br />
valves, hydrants, etc, lias increased its capital stock<br />
from $1,000,000 to $1,300,000.<br />
THE WALL PUMP & MFG. CO, Quincy, 111, has been<br />
<strong>org</strong>anized by Ge<strong>org</strong>e A. Wall, formerly associated<br />
with the Gardner Governor Co, Quincy, to manufacture<br />
vacuum pumps, presses and other specialties.<br />
THE PETROLEUM HEAT & POWER Co, Stamford,<br />
Conn, has been given a permit to go ahead witli its<br />
one-story, 50 x 100-ft. foundry.<br />
WILLIAM J. OLVANY has purchased the four-story<br />
brick building at 100 Charles Street, New York<br />
City, and, on July 1, he moved the heating and ventilating<br />
business into fine new quarters. For 20<br />
years he has been in business in the same neighborhood.<br />
He lias fitted up the basement as a pipe<br />
storage and pipe cutting and threading shop,<br />
equipped with motor-driven machines. The front<br />
of the first floor is fitted up as an office for comfortable<br />
working and plenty of light. The rear<br />
part is arranged with bins 'for fittings and brass<br />
goods. Mr. Olvany has done the work in many<br />
schools and in fitting industrial buildings and remodeling<br />
old systems of piping. He has a good<br />
working plant and establishment.<br />
THE SANDUSKY-PORTLAND CEMENT Co, Syracuse,<br />
Ind, is spending $150,000 in equipping its plant<br />
for the manufacture of cement from limestone instead<br />
of marl.<br />
THE PACIFIC PORCELAIN WARE CO, 67 New Montgomery<br />
Street, San Francisco, has had plans prepared<br />
for a new plant at Fifteenth and Nevin<br />
Streets, Richmond, Cal, to consist of five one-story<br />
buildings. The machinery installation will comprise<br />
die-making machinery, presses, drying equipment,<br />
etc.<br />
THE CRANE CO, 636 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago,<br />
manufacturer of valves, steam specialties, etc,<br />
is having preliminary plans prepared for a new<br />
pipe shop at Twenty-fourth Street and the Allegheny<br />
Valley Railroad, Pittsburgh.<br />
THE BRILLIANT CHANDELIER MFG. CO, New York,<br />
has been incorporated with a capital stock of $50 -<br />
000 by M. Brilliant, A. Drutman and M. Propp<br />
122 West 114th Street, to manufacture gas and<br />
electric fixtures.<br />
THE NORTHERN HEATING & ENGINEERING CO. has<br />
opened offices and display rooms at 271 Middle<br />
Street and 246 Federal Street, Portland, Maine.<br />
The company is backed by Portland capital and<br />
handles heating, plumbing and cooking appliances<br />
F. William Eichholtz, who was formerly with the<br />
engineering department of a furnace company is<br />
in charge of the engineering department Harry<br />
Eastman, formerly head of the T. F. Foss & Sons<br />
stove company and the Portland Stove Foundry Co<br />
is in charge of the service department.<br />
THE COLE-PHELPS HEATING CO, Holyoke, Mass has<br />
been incorporated with a capital of $50,000 Vh<br />
directors are: President, Edwin Q. Cole<br />
urer, John P. Phelps, 137 Pleasant Street<br />
oke; clerk, M. D. Pomeroy.<br />
treas-<br />
Holy-
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 53<br />
WILLIAM H. TONER & Co, plumbing contractors of<br />
Worcester, Mass, who have been located at 174<br />
Main Street for the past 10 years, have removed to<br />
larger quarters at 17 School Street, where they will<br />
be enabled to handle a larger stock of good to<br />
advantage.<br />
HALTER C. RICE, proprietor of the firm of Tucker &<br />
Rice, plumbing contractors of Worcester, Mass., is<br />
one of three business men of that city to purchase<br />
the Rice Building, with one exception the largest<br />
business block of that city, assessed for approximately<br />
$250,000.<br />
THE FIRST ISSUE OF A PAMPHLET entitled "Not All<br />
Hot Air," was recently published by the Matt<br />
Sproul Co, Sparta, 111., dealing in heating and<br />
plumbing goods and farm machinery. It presents<br />
in an attractive way the features of the Weir furnaces,<br />
Cole ranges and the other goods handled by<br />
the company and is interspersed with clever, witty<br />
comments. In conclusion the present personnel-of<br />
the business, which was established in 1867, is<br />
listed and in its fifty-odd years of experience is<br />
summarized as including 22 years with furnaces, 29<br />
years in plumbing, and 30 years with stoves and<br />
ranges.<br />
THOSE W H O ARE ENGAGED in manufacturing where<br />
furnaces are required for annealing, hardening,<br />
tempering and similar work will find in Catalog No.<br />
217, issued by W. S. Rockwell Co, 50 Church<br />
Street, New York City, illustrations and descriptions<br />
of the actual working equipment in use in a<br />
variety of industrial establishments for manufacuring<br />
an extensive variety of products. There is<br />
given that information about the furnaces and the<br />
fuel and the methods of operating which will be<br />
helpful in making a selection of equipment adapted<br />
for the work in hand.<br />
THE PRIDE OF AMERICA MFG. CO, 615-622 Reliance<br />
Building, Kansas City, Mo, is putting on the market<br />
a new heating apparatus in connection with the<br />
kitchen range designed to circulate hot water<br />
through radiators placed in the various rooms. A<br />
circular giving full particulars and showing the general<br />
construction is being sent to the trade.<br />
THOSE WHO WISH TO BE UP ON SHOP equipment will<br />
be interested in the circular devoted to the Snap-on<br />
socket wrenches and wrench sets, made by the Snapon<br />
Wrench Co, Milwaukee, Wis. It is claimed that<br />
five of these wrenches do the work of fifty. The<br />
wrench handles are of different style, including<br />
those of the brace key handle and offset type. They<br />
are made so that steel sockets for different size<br />
nuts can be readily placed on the handle or socket<br />
screws removed in the most convenient manner.<br />
Anybody who has occasion to use a socket wrench<br />
will find information that will show them how to do<br />
work expeditiously, reduce the weight of the tool<br />
kit and accomplish results.<br />
SPECIAL PLUMBING FITTINGS, made by the Blake Specialty<br />
Co., Rock Island, 111, are described and<br />
shown in a new catalog "G" of 68 pages just issued.<br />
It opens with Junior No-Back floor drains which<br />
are made in various styles, then come deep seal<br />
drains, adjustable drains, shower bath traps, offsets,<br />
bell traps, drum traps, tests tees, Y's, water<br />
heaters, ferrules, closet bends and combination<br />
bathroom fittings. The company states its policy<br />
as to sales satisfactory to customers, and urges that<br />
its experimental department be called upon by any<br />
who desire special assistance.<br />
A SPLENDID AID TO THE PLUMBER who is seeking to<br />
equip farms and suburban homes with water supply<br />
outfits is given in "Pump Pointers" presented<br />
in much the general style of the popular reading<br />
matter of the day and issued by the Vaile-Kimes<br />
Co, Dayton, Ohio. In the first part there is a very<br />
pertinent picture showing a farmer working a pump<br />
for watering the stock wliile looking at a picture of<br />
the Vaile-Kimes self-contained electric driven<br />
pumping outfit with pneumatic tanks and beside it<br />
is a map showing the number of advertisements of<br />
the V-K line that is going to the different states<br />
of the Union this spring. The remaining pages<br />
show the V-K outfit and also illustrations in kitchens,<br />
bathrooms and at farm homes making it clear<br />
that if this magazine is left with the farmer by the<br />
enterprising plumber, it will go a long way toward<br />
preparing him to place his order when the plumber<br />
comes around and gives an estimate of the cost.<br />
The company is ready to mail folders entitled,<br />
"Shallow Well Water Systems, Water from Deep<br />
Wells. Soft Water Comforts and Economy, and<br />
Complete Water Supply Systems" to those the<br />
plumber may designate as prospects and a list of<br />
which is sent to the company in Dayton. There<br />
is also a suggestion for a window display with the<br />
Vaile-Kimes water supply outfit in the rear and a<br />
bathtub near the front of the window with a child<br />
standing beside it issuing the invitation, "Please go<br />
away, I am going to take my bath."<br />
A CONVINCING PRESENTATION of dyehouse and bleacherv<br />
ventilation i.s presented in Catalog 721 issued<br />
by the Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co, Buffalo, N. Y, with<br />
branches in different cities. The foreword states<br />
that it is dedicated to all dyehouse and bleachery<br />
owners and operators the world over. To show<br />
what can be done, halftones are made of photographs<br />
taken in a dyehouse of a woolen mill in New<br />
Hampshire at intervals of one minute. At the end<br />
of the fourth minute there ean be something seen,<br />
but previously the fog is such that no idea of what<br />
is in the building can be seen. In the sixth picture<br />
all the fog has vanished and the picture is as good<br />
a.s could be taken in any building under any conditions.<br />
Then there are pictures of other plants in<br />
which the Buffalo ventilation outfit has been installed,<br />
showing the character of the building, the<br />
work to be done, the piping and the character of the<br />
fan blast apparatus that is installed. It closes<br />
with a list of cotton, wool and silk establishments<br />
in which Buffalo equipped dyehouses and bleacheries<br />
are enjoyed.<br />
IT Is ENTIRELY TO WINDOW DISPLAYS that The Duro<br />
Pressure Gauge for June is devoted and shows<br />
that the Burnett-Larch Mfg. Co. is providing the<br />
plumber and contractor who is desirous of extending<br />
his business a character of ammunition which, if<br />
well used, is sure to bring home the profits.<br />
ANNOUNCEMENT IS MADE that the consolidation of<br />
Westinghouse, Church, Kerr & Co, Inc, and<br />
Dwight P. Robinson & Co, Inc., has been consum-
54<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 9, 1920<br />
mated under the name of Dwight P. Robinson &<br />
Co.- Inc, engineers and constructors, general offices<br />
125 East Forty-sixth Street, New York City, downtown<br />
office 61 Broadway. The officers of the company<br />
are: President, Dwight P. Robinson; vicepresident<br />
and treasurer, A. K. Wood; vice-president<br />
and manager of Chicago office, H. H. Kerr; otlier<br />
vice-presidents, T. N. Gilmore, I. W. McConnell,<br />
R. M. Henderson and L. H. Bean; secretary, W.<br />
L. Murray; directors, Paul D. Cravath, Thomas N.<br />
Gilmore, Homer Loring, Ira W. McConnell, John<br />
P. McGinley, Harry T. Peters, Dwight P. Robinson,<br />
Edward R. Tinker, and Arthur King Wood.<br />
Wrench and Drop F<strong>org</strong>ing<br />
Plants Combined<br />
On April 2 the stockholders of J. H. Williams &<br />
Co, manufacturers of drop-f<strong>org</strong>ings and drop-f<strong>org</strong>ed<br />
tools at Brooklyn and Buffalo, N. Y, and of The<br />
Whitman & Barnes Mfg. Co, makers of twist drills,<br />
reamers, wrenches and drop-f<strong>org</strong>ings at Akron, Chicago<br />
and St. Catharines, Ontario, ratified the agreement<br />
providing for the consolidation of the wrench<br />
and drop-f<strong>org</strong>ing plants and business of Whitman &<br />
Barnes at Chicago and St. Catharines with J. H. Williams<br />
& Co. The Whitman & Barnes Mfg. Co. retain<br />
its twist drill and reamer business and will continue as<br />
an entirely separate <strong>org</strong>anization and on an extended<br />
scale, the manufacture of these tools at Akron, Ohio.<br />
J. H. Williams & Co., it is claimed, has long been<br />
known as the largest manufacturers of drop-f<strong>org</strong>ings<br />
and drop-f<strong>org</strong>ed tools in the world and one of the first<br />
to enter this field commercially. The business was<br />
founded in Flushing, L. I, as a partnership in 1882<br />
by James H. Williams and Matthew Diamond under<br />
the style of Williams & Diamond, later Williams &<br />
Brock. It located in Brooklyn in 1884, assumed its<br />
present name in 1887 and was incorporated in New<br />
York State in 1895.<br />
The company is widely and favorably known, not<br />
only for its special drop-f<strong>org</strong>ings made to order, but<br />
also for the quality of its catalog product—Drop-<br />
F<strong>org</strong>ed Wrenches, "Vulcan" Chain Pipe Wrenches<br />
and Vises, Lathe Dogs, Clamps and numerous other<br />
standard lines of drop-f<strong>org</strong>ed tools. Many of these<br />
were originated and patented by the company. At<br />
the successive World's Fairs at Chicago 1893, Paris<br />
1900, St. Louis 1904 and San Francisco 1915, the<br />
company's products, in each case, received the highest<br />
award in their field.<br />
The Brooklyn works employ about 750 persons, occupy<br />
two adjoining square blocks of city property,<br />
including the street between which is closed, and contain<br />
about 197,000 sq. ft. of floor space. In 1914<br />
the Buffalo works, an entirely new plant, began operation,<br />
now employing over 1,000 persons and comprising<br />
47 acres with about 233,000 sq. ft. of floor<br />
space.<br />
The Whitman & Barnes Mfg. Co. was founded as<br />
a partnership in 1846 by Augustus Whitman and Alfred<br />
G. Page as Page, Whitman & Co. In 1868 the<br />
Akron factory was built and, in 1877, the business<br />
was combined with that of Ge<strong>org</strong>e Barnes & Co,<br />
Syracuse, N. Y, the enlarged concern assuming its<br />
present name—The Whitman & Barnes Mfg. Co. The<br />
St. Catharines plant was acquired in 1882 and 11<br />
years later the Cliicago works were built. They now<br />
consist of 45 acres of land, with 320,000 sq. ft. of<br />
floor space and are connected by private trackage<br />
with four railroads, employing about 800 people.<br />
The St. Catharines works, manufacturing dropf<strong>org</strong>ings<br />
to order and standard lines of drop-f<strong>org</strong>ed<br />
wrenches, pipe wrenches, adjustable wrenches of various<br />
styles, pliers, hammers, hatchets, swedges, etc,<br />
are located on the Welland Canal and obtain power<br />
therefrom. They occupy about 2 1 /_ acres with floor<br />
space of 35,000 sq. ft. The company owns some 6<br />
acres of additional property, which may be utilized<br />
in the near future for the erection of larger and improved<br />
facilities to care for the Canadian trade. This<br />
business has the distinction of having every jobbing<br />
house in the Dominion on its books. About 200 persons<br />
are now employed.<br />
Two of the works, that at Buffalo and the new<br />
f<strong>org</strong>e shop, 500 x 100 ft, and 3,000 h. p. power house<br />
at Chicago are said to be the most up-to-date f<strong>org</strong>ing<br />
plants in the world, while those at Brooklyn and St.<br />
Catharines are admirably adapted to the tool-making<br />
end of the business.<br />
Through this consolidation of the four plants—<br />
Brooklyn, Buffalo, Chicago and St. Catharines—the<br />
ultimate geographical ideal for the service of customers<br />
has been attained. The merger also emphasizes<br />
the leading position of the company in the manufacture<br />
of drop-f<strong>org</strong>ings and drop-f<strong>org</strong>ed tools.<br />
The company has been particularly fortunate in its<br />
relations with its men. Operating throughout its history<br />
on the principle of the highest wages in the industry<br />
for the most efficient work, supplemented, but<br />
not substituted, by expenses liberally incurred to provide<br />
the best possible working conditions, it has succeeded<br />
in establishing a relation of mutual confidence<br />
that has frequently been the subject of comment in<br />
the industrial ad social press. In 1912 this was the<br />
cause of an unsolicited visit from Theodore Roosevelt,<br />
followed by a special article by him in "The Outlook"<br />
on the subject.<br />
The Brooklyn factory in 1893 had the distinction<br />
of being the first factory in this country to provide<br />
shower baths for its workmen and again, in 1914, of<br />
leading its industry in the establishment of separate<br />
pension and life insurance systems for the direct benefit<br />
of its employees, and, of course, for the indirect<br />
benefit and satisfaction of its stockholders.<br />
The sales for the first five months of 1920 indicate<br />
that this will be the largest year in the company's<br />
history. All of the factories are far behind their<br />
orders in spite of increased production and permanent<br />
night shifts have been <strong>org</strong>anized to help meet the<br />
demands of the trade.<br />
The business will continue to be operated by those<br />
who have been continuously identified heretofore with<br />
the business of J. H. Williams & Co. and with the<br />
Chicago and St. Catharines plants of The Whitman<br />
& Barnes Mfg. Co, the <strong>org</strong>anization being as follows:<br />
President and managing director, J. Harvey Williams;<br />
vice-president, A. D. Armitage; secretary and<br />
treasurer, W. A. Watson; controller, R. S. Baldwingeneral<br />
sales manager, F. W. Trabold; Eastern district<br />
sales manager, A. S. Maxwell; Western district
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 55<br />
sales manager, W. E. Rowell; Buffalo district sales<br />
manager, J. C. Cotter; Detroit district sales manager,<br />
A. M. Thompson; publicity manager, Hugh Aikman;<br />
general works manager, Capt. W. N. McMunn; chief<br />
engineer, Willard Doud; superintendet Brooklyn divisio,<br />
R. J. Smith; superintendent Buffalo division,<br />
T. F. Du Puy; superintendent Chicago division,<br />
lon; general traffic managed, J. B. Payne, and Canadian<br />
manager, W. J. Elliott.<br />
Fuel Oil Burner for House<br />
Heating Installations<br />
An even, intense heat without ashes, smoke and accompanying<br />
inconveniences is available for househeating<br />
plants where warm air, steam or hot water<br />
are the heating mediums, by means of what is known<br />
as the "Cleveoil" burner using fuel oil or kerosene,<br />
made by the Cleveland Gas Burner and Appliance<br />
Co., 3702 Superior Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio.<br />
The burner is generally placed so that the bottom of<br />
Cleveoil Fuel Oil Burner.<br />
the goose neck rests upon the bottom ledge of the firedoor<br />
opening, and the tank and pump are placed<br />
preferably some distance away.<br />
To operate the equipment the tank is filled with<br />
oil, the valve on the water-supply line to the hydropneumatic<br />
pump is opened, allowing the water pressure<br />
to operate pump. When the pressure reaches 35<br />
lbs. the pump ceases operation and starts again when<br />
the pressure gets below 25 lbs. The waste water is<br />
drained off into the sewer line. By opening the<br />
valve in the oil line, oil is forced through the feed<br />
line to the penetrator. The burner is then ready for<br />
priming, and where artificial or natural gas is not<br />
available a wood alcohol primer is used and is placed<br />
on the four center burner heads so that when lighted<br />
the flame plays directly upon the generator tubing.<br />
From 4 to 5 min. is required for priming and heating<br />
the generator.<br />
The valve handle controlling the vapor valve is then<br />
opened, which allows the vapor to flow into the goose<br />
neck of the manifold and then into the burner heads.<br />
The manifold is so designed that an equal amount of<br />
pre-mixed vapor is supplied to each of the burner<br />
heads.<br />
The company points out that the cost of operation<br />
depends upon the efficiency of the heating appliance,<br />
weather conditions and judicious operations, and that<br />
under the severest weather conditions a burner with<br />
ten heads, operating on 25-lb. tank pressure, should<br />
consume only 4 pts. of fuel oil or kerosene per hour.<br />
Gorton Quarter Turn Packing<br />
Lock Valves<br />
The lieating contractor will be interested in the<br />
32-page booklet devoted to the Gorton quarter turn<br />
packing lock valves adapted for steam, hot water,<br />
vapor and vacuum heating, made by the Gorton &<br />
Lidgerwood Co, 96 Liberty Street, New York City.<br />
The first illustration shows the ease with which<br />
these valves to a radiator can shut off the steam supply<br />
to it with the foot rather than stooping over and<br />
making several turns with the hand. This is pointed<br />
out as a means to a great economy because opening<br />
the window to get relief from heat condenses steam<br />
or cools the heating medium, which means more coal<br />
in the apparatus, while giving the valve stem a turn<br />
with the foot accomplishes the same purpose so far<br />
as reducing heat is concerned and does it without<br />
effort or waste of fuel.<br />
Then the valve construction is unique in having the<br />
tapering plug or disc made of a composition material<br />
which has the same expansion and contraction properties<br />
as the valve body made of good metal, so that<br />
it does not stick or bind but lubricates itself and<br />
moves freely. Another feature is that through this<br />
tapering part of the valve there is an opening having<br />
the same area as the pipe connecting with the valve,<br />
so that its use insures the delivery of all of the heating<br />
medium which the piping connected with it brings<br />
to the valve and the radiator.<br />
Illustrations show the different styles and forms<br />
in which the valve is made and the styles used for<br />
different purposes. On one page is given the letter<br />
of a heating contraetor stating that he installed a<br />
70-ft, 3 column, 38 in. high radiator, using a 1-in.<br />
valve connected to a 1-in. steam pipe as an experiment<br />
and the radiator has been working perfectly<br />
ever since. Also that in overhauling a six-family<br />
apartment in which the same size valves were used<br />
for 50 ft. and 25 ft. radiators without getting the<br />
proper heat, the use of the Gorton valve of 1 in.<br />
size in the place of the old valve made the system<br />
work properly without changing the piping and a lot<br />
of work.<br />
On another page is a photograph of a sheet steel<br />
radiator of 280 ft. of surface, working fine with a iy2<br />
in. Gorton valve on a one pipe system. The last two<br />
pages give something of valve area and free passageway<br />
and a schedule for the size of valves to be used<br />
>n raditaors of different sizes for steam heating, for<br />
on<br />
v;i ;apor vacuum heating and for hot water heating.<br />
New Catalog on Wyckoff Wood Pipe<br />
Both plumbing and heating contractors will find interesting<br />
information in Catalog No. 42, issued by A.
.ili METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Wyckoff & Sons Co, Elmira, N. Y, in the interest of<br />
the Wyckoff wood pipe for carrying water for waterwork<br />
systems, power plants, mills and manufacturing<br />
plants, mining and railroad water supplies and also in<br />
Wyckoff cypress steam pipe casing for underground<br />
steam and hot water piping.<br />
To convince of the enduring qualities of a wood<br />
water main, a section of the old New York main laid<br />
in 1798 is presented and then is shown wood log pipe<br />
and the modern stave pipe made up of sections held<br />
together by being bound by steel bands wound solidly<br />
around the staves. Halftone engravings show the<br />
actual laying of pipe with a substantial curve and<br />
where the stave pipe is carrying a pressure as high as<br />
130 lbs. per square inch exposed so that the conditions<br />
are extremely severe. Illustrations show the detail<br />
of the construction, making it perfectly clear that the<br />
pipe has both strength and qualifications to remain<br />
water tight.<br />
There are also shown sectional pictures and halftone<br />
engravings of the lead service pipes, corporation<br />
cocks, water gate valves, hydrants, and all of the fixtures<br />
required in connection with a waterworks system.<br />
Special valves are also shown for use with this<br />
kind of pipe as well as air and vacuum valves and<br />
special cast iron fittings into which the wood pipes can<br />
be securely connected.<br />
Half of the book is devoted to illustrations and description<br />
of the service secured by the improved steam<br />
pipe casing which keeps a steam or hot water heating<br />
pipe exposed in the ground or above the ground protected<br />
from the elements and also preventing the loss<br />
of heat. It consists of an inner shell of 2 inches, a<br />
black asphaltum packing, a dead air space and then a<br />
1-inch-thick outer shell. In addition to this information<br />
about its construction a good portion of the booklet<br />
is taken up with useful information for engineers<br />
who must provide water supply and heating pipe<br />
sy stems.<br />
July 9, 1920<br />
removed at convenience after the a.shes have cooled<br />
and there is is no danger of fire. The simplicity of<br />
the operation is made clear by a picture showing a<br />
child operating an outfit.<br />
The receivers are made in different styles for larger<br />
and smaller apparatus and the possession of the catalog<br />
is an excellent aid to the man who is enterprising<br />
and wishes to add to his business by handling a specialty<br />
that will have attractions for the owners of the<br />
best homes in his vicinity.<br />
The Imperial Super-Smokeless Boilers<br />
A great deal of useful information about a new<br />
type of smokeless boiler is presented in the loose leaf<br />
catalog issued by the Utica Heater Co, Utica, N. Y,<br />
to set forth the merits of the Imperial Super-Smokeless<br />
boiler, which is presented as the original single<br />
grate smokeless boiler for all fuels. The catalog presents<br />
a view of the company's new pant and is then<br />
devoted to enumerating the features of excellence of<br />
the Imperial Smokeless boiler' pointing out that the<br />
high and rapidly increasing fuel cost makes it imperative<br />
that a heating plant be selected which will<br />
reduce the cost of operation for the owner.<br />
Then there are shown the reasons why bituminous<br />
coal can be used and leave the flues perfectly clear,<br />
making no trouble in the chimney. The argument or<br />
Sharp Rotary Ash Receiver<br />
information is presented under a number of different<br />
heads and there are general and broken views to show<br />
the construction and operation.<br />
The boiler is interesting in some of its features inasmuch<br />
as the grate does not extend the entire distance<br />
but only part way, where there is a water curtain<br />
wliich also serves as an air heating passage. The<br />
cold fresh air is taken from each side of the boiler<br />
and heated in a chamber from whicli it is discharged<br />
at the surface of the burning fuel so that the hot air<br />
and the ignited gases mingle at a point where their<br />
combustion is completed and the flues of the boiler are<br />
filled with a clean burning gas. The boiler is of the<br />
vertical sectional type with the crown sheet arranged<br />
to present additional surface through an auxiliary<br />
hanging T-shaped crown piece in which the water is<br />
A convincing presentation of the advantages of the quickly heated for making steam or for sending it<br />
Sharp rotary ash receiver, made by the Sharp Rotary forth in a rapid circulation through a hot-water heat<br />
Ash Receiver Co., Binghamton, N. Y, is made in a ing system.<br />
pamphlet printed in two colors. It contains many A letter is reproduced from the Department of<br />
halftone engravings of fine residences in different Mechanical Engineering, University of Illinois, noting<br />
parts of the country in which this device has been in the clean character of the flues burning Illinois slack<br />
stalled in connection with the heating apparatus to and entitling the boiler to the name Smokeless. Then<br />
facilitate taking care of the waste and refuse from the are presented pictures of a number of buildings in<br />
fire and so handling the ashes as to avoid dust or which the boilers have been used, as well as pictures<br />
other annoyance.<br />
of the batteries of boilers that have been installed for<br />
the work.<br />
After 19 pages showing the views of fine buildings For the convenience of the contracting engineer<br />
and the heating apparatus used, there is presented a there are imitation blueprints on which dimensions<br />
drawing which makes the construction and operation are taken and then tables giving dimensions. An<br />
readily understood. It shows an outer chamber diother interesting feature is six pages containing lists<br />
vided into sections in which are sectional cans that of buildings in different cities with the size of the<br />
are arranged to receive ashes through an opening in boiler used in heating them, the location and the name<br />
the bottom of the ashpit of the lieating apparatus of of the heating contractor.<br />
whatever type used. Thus the ashes from the fire can The catalog is one that may well be used by the en<br />
be drawn into the receptacle and, when filled, it can terprising heating contractor to increase sales and to<br />
be swung around so that another empty one can be bring the boiler and its services to the attention of a<br />
put in its place. Then the filled receptacle can be prospective customer in an impressive way Thp i
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 57<br />
formation it contains, the character of the illustrations<br />
and the general presentation is such as to give a<br />
substantial aid to the man who is out for more business.<br />
MISCELLANEOUS NOTES<br />
THE STATE DEPARTMENT, Washington. D. C, announces<br />
that Hungarians are calling at office of<br />
American Commissioner at Budapest in large numbers<br />
with view to emigration to United States, on<br />
June 21 number reaching 1,008. Statement reports<br />
that Budapest papers published announcement that<br />
all emigrants could obtain admission into L'nited<br />
States il' they have 50 and police certificate of good<br />
conduct. The Department states that this information<br />
is without foundation.<br />
As ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE BENEFIT derived from a<br />
visit to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York<br />
City, a recent publication issued by Richard T.<br />
Bach, in charge of the industrial art, states that a<br />
china painter studied Russian laces, a designer of<br />
dress fabrics saw possibilities in the armour collection<br />
and a paper soap wrapper design found its<br />
origin in snuff boxes on view. It is quite frequent<br />
that a designer finds his inspiration in material,<br />
style, artist, period, race or purpose that are not<br />
considered barriers, and the visits of these industrial<br />
workers are increasing as the value of the collection<br />
and what it ean do for them becomes more<br />
widely known. To further aid the worker who finds<br />
something which serves his need the Museum sells<br />
annually no less than 65,000 photograpliic prints,<br />
all of whicli serve the students' or designers' purposes.<br />
In our field there are plenty of sportsmen<br />
and the fiftieth anniversary exhibition of arms and<br />
armor is now being made.<br />
THOSE W H O ARE OPERATING PLANTS employing a<br />
large number of employees and who are endeavoring<br />
to rearrange or re<strong>org</strong>anize their methods so as to<br />
make them more agreeable to the workers and more<br />
effective will find useful aid in Bulletin No. 48,<br />
entitled "Emplovment Management and Industrial<br />
Training," issued by the Federal Board of Vocational<br />
Education, Washington, D. C. It deals with<br />
seasonable fluctuations and labor turnovers, training<br />
methods, the training in employment management,<br />
the earlier forms of apprenticeship, the state<br />
supervision of apprenticeship as in Wisconsin and<br />
Washington, the co-operation with public and private<br />
schools, the training of minor executives, foremanship<br />
and training, and subjects of a similar<br />
nature.<br />
THE CLEVELAND & BUFFALO TRANSIT Co, Cleveland,<br />
Ohio, is calling attention to the fact it has a splendid<br />
steamer service between Cleveland and Buffalo,<br />
so that travelers going in either direction may board<br />
the steamer at 9 o'clock in the evening and arrive<br />
at their destination at 7:30 the next morning with<br />
a pleasing break in a rail journey and a night of<br />
clean travel and refreshing sleep.<br />
A SAMPLE OF THE RAILROAD SERVICE since its demoralization<br />
under Government management is<br />
given in the following extract from a letter from<br />
a Connecticut plumber and steam fitter: "This job<br />
had to be done this holiday week while the factory<br />
was shut down, so we ordered the materials May<br />
21. We got the last of it on July 1 and then only<br />
by making a row at the freight office. Twenty-two<br />
days from New York is some service, I'll say. Even<br />
then we had to use different material than we<br />
expected."<br />
Some Facts About New York's<br />
Building Operations<br />
The records of the F. W. Dodge Company's Statistical<br />
Department show that contracts were let in<br />
Greater New York during 1919 amounting to $279,-<br />
551,000. About 48 per cent, of this amount, or $133,-<br />
764,530, was spent for housing accommodations. It<br />
was not enough.<br />
In the first four months of 1920, contracts were let<br />
in Greater New York to the amount of $119,455,050.<br />
The amount apportioned to housing was $38,602,400,<br />
or 32 per cent, of the total. The housing program<br />
has fallen behind the general building program.<br />
Contracts let for apartments, dwellings, hotels and<br />
dormitories in January of this year amounted to $6,-<br />
581,500. During the same month the money spent<br />
on theatre tickets in New York City amounted to<br />
•$7,838,914, according to the report of the collector of<br />
internal revenue.<br />
In February, contracts for apartments, dwellings,<br />
hotels and dormitories amounted to $4,353,600. Theatre<br />
admissions in February came to .$6,956,267.<br />
The people of New York have got to put more<br />
money and yet more money into apartments and<br />
houses. Rents will remain high as long as the demand<br />
for houses exceeds the supply. The only solution of<br />
the housing problem is more houses.<br />
A New Way of Heating Water<br />
The trade is familiar with the fire pot pipe coil<br />
method of heating water by the steam house heating<br />
plant and knows that often the abundance of the<br />
hot water supply and temperature depend upon the<br />
intensity of the fire. Thus in wintry weather it is<br />
plentiful and too hot while during mild spells it is<br />
not hot enough.<br />
To overcome tliese objections the Buffalo Specialty<br />
Works, 601 White Building, Buffalo, N. Y,<br />
have brought out the Excelso water heater and claims<br />
that when connected to a steam or vapor boiler, it<br />
will furnish hot water constantly at uniform temperature.<br />
This heater differs from former types in that it is<br />
not placed in the fire box, but connected below the<br />
water line outside of the boiler. It consists of a<br />
one-piece casting having three separate chambers.<br />
The boiling water at a temperature of 212 to 225<br />
degs. flows through the inner chamber and heats the<br />
tank water circulating through the outer chamber<br />
to 160 deg. or better. Thus as long as there is fire<br />
in the boiler the water is properly heated and without<br />
the deadening effect on the fire of heaters in<br />
contact with the fire.<br />
The heater is also made in brass or with copper<br />
coils where water conditions do not permit cast iron
58 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 9, 1920<br />
and is obtainable in three sizes, which can be used<br />
with or without thermostatic control as desired.<br />
The manufacturer states that a garage can be successfully<br />
heated by this heater even though the boiler<br />
is located in the residence and the conducting pipes<br />
run underground for circulating water through the<br />
radiators.<br />
Conversion of Fahrenheit and<br />
Centigrade Readings<br />
The student or the readers of foreign papers very<br />
often finds it necessary where temperatures are to be<br />
measured to be able to change Fahrenheit readings to<br />
the corresponding Centigrade readings, and vice versa.<br />
A simple, quick and unf<strong>org</strong>ettable method of<br />
doing this depends upon the fact that minus 40 deg.<br />
on either scale represents the same degree of temperature.<br />
Suppose it is desired to change 68 deg. Fahr.<br />
into its centigrade equivalent. Proceed as follows:<br />
Add 40, multiply 5/9 and subtract 40. Thus 40 +<br />
68 _= 108; 108 X 5/9 = 60; 60 — 40 = 20. This<br />
gives 20 deg. C. as the equivalent reading Suppose<br />
we wish to change 20 deg. C. back into Fahr. degrees.<br />
Add 40 as before, multiply by 9/5 and subtract 40;<br />
20 -f- 40 = 60; 60 X 9/5* = 108; 108 — 40 = 68.<br />
Market Summary<br />
It will be noted that between the freezing and boiling<br />
points in the Fahrenheit scale are 180 deg. and<br />
between these points on the Centigrade scale are 100<br />
deg. Thus, 1 deg. Centigrade equals 9/5 deg. Fahr.<br />
and 1 deg. Fahr. equals 5/9 deg. C. Tlierefore, by<br />
adding 40 to either reading, we find the number of<br />
degrees there are above the common point where the<br />
two scales touch. Then by multiplying by 5-9 or 9-5<br />
we convert this number of degrees into its equivalent<br />
number on the other scale. And by subtracting 40<br />
we have the number of degrees above the zero point.<br />
The rule may be summarized as follows: In any<br />
case add 40 to the scale reading, multiply by 5/9 or<br />
9/5 as required and subtract 40. Once learned and<br />
applied, this rule is never f<strong>org</strong>otten.<br />
BENJAMIN H. P. HUTCHINSON died suddenly while at<br />
work in the house of a customer from heart disease.<br />
Mr. Hutchinson was born in Camden, N. J, 63<br />
years ago and learned the trade of plumber witb<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Leathwhite, and embarked in business for<br />
himself 25 years ago. He was a member of the<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association of Camden, N. J.<br />
Mr. Hutchinson died on Tuesday, June 22, and the<br />
funeral was held on Saturday, June 26. The interment<br />
was made at Evergreen Cemetery.<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
an advance of 9% per cent and an extra man in each<br />
mill crew and a strike is precluded for another year.<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets—Receipts are rapidly ab<br />
The prevailing high prices for coke are producing<br />
sorbed with no reduction in demand.<br />
a firm pig iron market but the condition is mostly due<br />
Tin Plate—Demand good.<br />
Tin—Little interest.<br />
to the uncertainty of transportation facilities.<br />
Copper—Moderate demand. Prices hold.<br />
As an illustration of the dire straits to which some<br />
Lead—Prices unchanged and little demand.<br />
manufacturers are put, one large jobbing concern re<br />
Zinc—Prices advanced and market stronger.<br />
ports the receipt of a lengthy list of plumbing supplies<br />
4 ntimony—Unchanged.<br />
needed by one manufacturer, with the statement that<br />
Foundry Pig Iron—More activity and delivery delayed. if any of these goods could be supplied, to accept the<br />
Foundry Coke—Shipments delayed. Prices same. Output<br />
list as an order. The total order represented close<br />
reduced.<br />
to $50,000 and included 50,000 to 100,000 pieces of<br />
Linseed Oil—Quiet; prices firm.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Demand light; prices lower.<br />
malleable iron goods. Another customer keeps a<br />
standing order for $40,000 worth of pipe on this job<br />
Congestion Seriously Cripples<br />
ber's books. Both cases indicate the large existing<br />
Steel and Iron Industry<br />
demand and inadequate supply to meet it.<br />
This week there has been a substantial advance<br />
The continuance of the order of the Interstate in lavatory brass goods and a stiffening in the price<br />
Commerce Commission that open-top cars be of radiator valves. The inability to secure metal<br />
sent to the coal mines and a renewal of the - order polishers indicates that prices of plumber's brass will<br />
directing box cars into grain producing territories, continue firm.<br />
have left the steel mills so short of cars that a suspension<br />
of operations for a period of ten days or two<br />
weeks to permit clearing up the freight congestion is FOUNDRY PIG IRON<br />
being seriously considered. A conservative estimate<br />
New York.—One firm has sold about 6000 tons of various<br />
places the accumulation of unshipped, finished material<br />
grades of pig iron, and others report moderate business<br />
in the Pittsburgh districts at 1,000,000 tons. Among inquiries pending are several for foundry iron for<br />
The sheet and tin plate manufacturers and the Western shipment aggregating about 4000 tons The ease<br />
Amalgamated Association renewed the 1919-20 mill with which the iron being offered for resale by the Ford<br />
wage scale with modifications, granting the mill men Motor Car Co., Detroit, is being absorbed is an indication<br />
of the strength of the market. In some cases the Ford
.uly 9, 1920 METAL WORKER. P L U M B E R A N D ST E A M F I TT E R 59<br />
company has absorbed the freight charge when the iron<br />
had been delivered at Detroit or was en route when sold.<br />
In other cases, the price was made f. o. b. furnace, and<br />
quotations have been for the most part in line with or very<br />
near to the full market price. The coke situation is very<br />
serious, increasing costs for foundries and furnaces. Foundry<br />
coke sales as high as $18.50 to $19, ovens, are reported.<br />
We quote for delivery in New York as follows:<br />
East. Pa., No. 1 fdy., sil. 2.75 to 3.25.$5(1.05 to $51.05<br />
East. Pa., No. 2X fdy., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.05 to 50.05<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 47.SO to 48.SO<br />
No. 2 X Virginia, sil. 2.25 to 2.75. . . . 49.80<br />
Chicago.—Although generally speaking the market is still<br />
rather inactive, a few good-sized inquiries and orders have<br />
developed during the past week. In fact, some sellers venture<br />
the opinion that the market is as lively as could be<br />
expected at this time of the year and may be termed "close<br />
to the normal."<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered, at<br />
consumers' yards except those for Northern foundry, and<br />
steel-making iron which are f.o.b. furnace and do not<br />
include a switching charge averaging 50c. per ton.<br />
Northern coke. No. 1, sil. 2.25 to<br />
2.75, last half 45.25<br />
Northern coke, No. 1, spot 47.25<br />
Northern coke foundry, No. 2, sil.<br />
1.75 to 2.25 last half 43.00<br />
Northern coke, No. 2, spot 45.00<br />
Northern high phos. foundry, last<br />
half 43.00<br />
Southern coke No. 1 foundry and<br />
No. 1 soft sil. 2.75 to 3.25 50.20<br />
Southern coke No. 2 foundry sil.<br />
2.25 to 2.75 48.70<br />
Southern foundry sil. 1.75 to 2.25.. 47.00<br />
Philadelphia.—In the past week there has been a decidedly<br />
better inquiry for foundry iron, and smaller inquiries are<br />
fairly numerous. Prices are unchanged, the minimum uoted<br />
by any furnacqe in this district being $45, furnace, with $4T<br />
as the top. There are more transactions at $46 and $47,<br />
base, than at the lower figure.<br />
The following quotation are for iron delivered in consumers'<br />
vards in Philadelphia or vicinity, except those for<br />
low phosphorus iron, which are f.o.b. furnace:<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25<br />
sil ' . $45.90 to $48.10<br />
East. Pa.. No. 2 X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil.. 47.15 to 49.35<br />
Virginia No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil. 48.10 to 49.10<br />
Virginia No. 2 X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 49.35 to 50.35<br />
Cincinnati.—The market is more active than for many<br />
weeks, and some good sized inquiries are being figured on.<br />
The blast furnace of the Whitaker-Glesner Co. at Portsmouth<br />
went out for repairs on July 1 and will be down<br />
about six weeks. It is understood the company will secure<br />
the basic iron which it recently inquired for from one of<br />
the other companies included in the merger recently completed.<br />
Based on freight rates of $3.60 from Birmingham and<br />
$1.80 from Ironton, we quote f.o.b. Cincinnati:<br />
Southern coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (base<br />
price) * 45 - 60<br />
Southern coke, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 (No.<br />
2 soft) •• 46 - 85<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap Iron, New York.—Very little price change is noted<br />
compared with a week ago. Some believe that the pre-war<br />
period of stagnation in the scrap market, which coincide<br />
with July and August of each year, will prevail again this<br />
year, especially since railroad transportation conditions are<br />
so bad.<br />
Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are<br />
quoting to local foundries, per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $38.00 to $39.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building<br />
materials, etc.), cupola size 37.00 to 32.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size.. 31.00 to 32.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers,<br />
etc.) 31.00 to 32.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. min.<br />
diam.. not under 2 ft. long) 18.00 to IS.50<br />
Stove plate 25.00 to 26.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago—-The market is stronger in most<br />
departments. Dealers feel that an upward swing in prices<br />
has commenced and that considerably higher levels will be<br />
reached before it stops. On the other hand, transportation<br />
conditions permit little scrap to move and unless this situation<br />
changes, business will be seriously affected.<br />
We quote delivery in consumers' yards, Chicago and<br />
vicinity, all freight and transfer charges paid, as follows:<br />
Per Net Ton.<br />
No. 1 cast $36.00 to $37.00<br />
Boiler punchings 25.00 to 25.50<br />
Locomotive tires, smooth 23.00 to 23.50<br />
Machine shop turnings 9.50 to 10.00<br />
Cast borings 12-00 to 12.50<br />
Stove plate 27.50 to 28.00<br />
Grate bars 28.00 to 29.00<br />
Brake shoes 24.50 to 25.00<br />
Railroad malleable 26.50 to 27.00<br />
Agricultural malleable 26.00 to 26.50<br />
Southern Ohio coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25<br />
(No. 2)<br />
46S0<br />
Country mixed<br />
Cleveland— The foundry iron market is not active, but<br />
some small lot sales are being made for the last half and<br />
there is a fair demand for prompt shipment foundry iron.<br />
The poor quality of fuel has resulted in the production of<br />
considerable off iron and because of scarcity of standard<br />
grades, producers are having no trouble in disposing of<br />
this iron at the regular differentials. Producers are still<br />
seriously handicapped in shipping iron by the order that<br />
prevents the loading of open top cars except for shipment<br />
in the direction of the coal mines, and one Cleveland interest<br />
was compelled to pile fully 50 per cent of its iron<br />
We quote in from 40r> the Northern South." Ohio switching Valley delivered week. silvery, points, foundry, No. charge Cleveland sil. 2 fdy.. and 8 sil. for per $5 all. as 2.25 local cent from follows, 1.75 to iron, Birmingham:<br />
to 2.75.. 2.25.$44.40 based a $1.40 58.90 on to freight to 60.40 $45.40 48.70 rate<br />
15 - 50 to 16 - 50<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburgh—-Trading is feeling the restrictive<br />
effects of the order of the Interstate Commerce Commission,<br />
making it di/cult to secure cars for shipment. Dealers are<br />
asking customers to hold up shipping instructions because<br />
of the car situation and also for more time for the completion<br />
of contracts. Since the railroads at a number of points<br />
are not permitting the loading of cars enaering the steel<br />
plants with scrap, the buying of material in transit for the<br />
purpose of securing empty cars has dwindled. Narrowing<br />
steel works activities, due to the congestion of material<br />
waiting shipment and the observance of the Fourth of July,<br />
have reduced new demand for the open-hearth grades. The<br />
market, however, holds well on heavy melting steel and<br />
maintains a firm tone on cast iron scrap of all sorts owing<br />
to limited supplies.<br />
We quote for delivery to consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh<br />
and other districts that take Pittsburgh freight<br />
rates, as follows:<br />
Cast Iron wheels $43.00 to $44.00<br />
Rolled steel wheels 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 14.00 to 14.50<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 30.00 to 31.00<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 21.50 to 22.00<br />
Heavy breakable cast 33.00 to 34.00<br />
Cast iron borings 18-00 to 19.00<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 31.00 to 32.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s New York.—There has been more inquiry<br />
and a little better sentiment this week with values firmer.<br />
Dealers' buying prices are as follows:<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible 16-00<br />
Copper, heavy and wire I 5 - 00<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 1300<br />
Brass, heavy<br />
10 - 00<br />
Brass, light °<br />
Heavy machine composition 15-25<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 9.50<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turning. .<br />
Lead, heavy<br />
12.25 7 - 00<br />
Zinc<br />
Lead, tea °-°°
60 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER Julv 9, 1920<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.—The market is quiet with prices<br />
holding the same.<br />
Cts. per lb.<br />
Red, brass 13.25<br />
Yellow brass, heavy 9.00<br />
Yellow brass, borings 10.00<br />
Heavy wire 15.50<br />
Heavy copper 15.50<br />
Copper clips 13.25<br />
Copper bottoms 11.25<br />
Lead pipe 6.00<br />
Tea lead 3.00<br />
Tin foil 30.00<br />
Block tin pipe 40.00<br />
Zinc 4.25<br />
Pewter, No. 1 25.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Boston.—Prices have felt a slowing up during<br />
the past few days with lower quotations for white metals<br />
accompanied by a lesser demand. Red metals are not yet<br />
active. Dealers are nominally paying as follows:<br />
Heavy crucible copper $15.75 to $16.25<br />
Heavy scrap copper 15.00 to 15.50<br />
Light copper 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Heavy mch. comp. red brass 15.50 to 16.00<br />
Comp. turnings No. 1 13.50 to 14.00<br />
Heavy brass 9.50 to 10.00<br />
Light brass 7.50 to 8.00<br />
Brass turnings No. 1 rod 9.75 to 10 25<br />
Lead, solid 6.75 to 7.25<br />
Zinc 5.25 to 5.75<br />
Pewter No. 1 36.00 to 38.00<br />
Clean cast aluminum 24.50 to 25 00<br />
New aluminum clippings 25.00 to 26 00<br />
Old and painted aluminum 24.50 to 25.00<br />
Old Rubber.—The old rubber market continues quiet and<br />
prices are unchanged. Xo improvement is looked for in<br />
the near future. Shipping conditions are reported in bad<br />
shape.<br />
„ . , . Cts. per lb.<br />
Boots and shoes CM to 6U<br />
Trimmed arctics 5' to 5 V<br />
Auto tires " 14 to 2%<br />
Bicycle tires 1% to ly<br />
Solid tires 2 to 2y<br />
No. 1 inner tubes \ 12 to 13<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 t0 41/<br />
Mixed red scrap ' 3 1/, to 4<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Mixed black scrap 1% to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose % to Hi<br />
Garden hose % to 1<br />
Old Rags.—The old rags market is inactive and prices<br />
are easier. Wholesale dealers' prices are:<br />
No. 1 whites $11.50 to $12.00<br />
No. 2 whites 5.75 to 6.00<br />
Thirds and blues 3.50 to 3.75<br />
Straight garments 2.50 to 2.60<br />
Hard back carpets 2.25 to 2.35<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Paper Stock.—Business in the paper stock market is<br />
fairly brisk and is expected to continue so. Wholesale<br />
dealers' buying quotations for New York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $3.25 to $3.35<br />
Crumpled news 1.75 to 1.85<br />
SHEETS AND METALS<br />
New York City, July 9, 1920.<br />
Black nnd Galvanized Sheets—Irregular receipts continue<br />
and incoming stocks are immediately absorbed with an ap*<br />
preciable reduction in consumer's demand.<br />
Tin Plate—Prompt demands for the metal—are still numerous<br />
but the recent orders of the Interstate Commerce<br />
Commission regarding box cars and open-top cars have<br />
greatly curtailed shipments.<br />
Copper—There exists a moderate demand for both prompt<br />
and forward delivery but buying is not heavy.<br />
Tin—The sales of tin are few, consumers showing very<br />
little interest and dealers continuing optimistic regarding<br />
the future price.<br />
Lead—The metal for prompt delivery is extremtly scarce<br />
with the result of very little demand.<br />
Zinc—The market is stronger and prices have advanced,<br />
due to reduction of output and more inquiries from both<br />
brass makers and galvanizers.<br />
Ant inning—There has been no change of any account in<br />
this market.<br />
Ample ventilation is a real necessity in a building<br />
where physical exertion is the rule, whether it be<br />
a factory, shop, clubhouse, or other structure.<br />
Tiie Chicago Athletic Club, illustrated, at the left,<br />
is jirovided with facilities which assure a constant<br />
supply of clean, fresh air and the elimination of<br />
unwholesome gases and dead air.<br />
Burt Ventilators take care of all these requirements.<br />
The Burt Manufacturing Go,<br />
300 Main Street, Akron, O.<br />
GEO. W. REED & CO., Montreal, Sole Manufacture.s<br />
of "Burt" Ventilators for Canada.
July 9, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 61<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgh—Although tin plate manufacturers<br />
have materially reduced the accumulated stocks, they are<br />
in a more unfavorable position now than they have been<br />
at any other time this year, because of the renewal of the<br />
Interstate Commerce Commission order directing that approximately<br />
28,0000 box cars be sent into the grain producing<br />
sections of the country while the result of the coal car<br />
order of the commission has spelled greatly curtailed shipments<br />
of steel to the finishing mills. Prompt demands for<br />
tin plate are still numerous, as is evident from the fact that<br />
stock items which constitute the spot or prompt market<br />
recently have sold as high as $10. The settlement of the<br />
wage dispute between independent manufacturers and the<br />
Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel and Tin <strong>Worker</strong>s<br />
has eased the anxiety of consumers who recently, because<br />
of the possibility of a suspension in union mills, have been<br />
trying to get the non-union mills to take additional tonnage,<br />
or to anticipate shipments against existing contracts.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh—The industry appears to be closer<br />
to a complete suspension than at any other time since the<br />
outbreak of the outlaw railroad strike, a condition that is<br />
entirely ascribable to the shortage of cars. Few men are<br />
available for the movement of sheet bars to the finishing<br />
mills and fewer cars are still available for the movement<br />
of the finished product. The congestion of finished material<br />
was acute at practically all mills, but especially at the<br />
plants of the American Sheet & Tin Plate Co., which in the<br />
past week has had five or six of its plants without cars<br />
almost daily. This company has experienced great difficulty<br />
in securing sheet bars for its different plants, being unable<br />
to obtain railroad facilities for moving them from Youngstown<br />
to the Shenango Valley works, or from the Monongahela<br />
Valley plant of the Carnegie Steel Co. to its Pittsburgh<br />
district works. The greater portion of the production<br />
at both the independent companies and the American<br />
Sheet & Tin Plate Co. continues to be piled. Not much new<br />
business is being booked at present because of heavy stocks<br />
awaiting shipment.<br />
NOTES ON PRICES<br />
Rosin—There is an absence of activity in the rosin market<br />
and prices are reduced. On the basis of 220 lbs. to the barrel,<br />
the wholesale price of common-to-good strained is $11.50.<br />
Grade D is $15.95.<br />
Iron and Steel Pipes—While all makers manage to keep<br />
their mills in operation and some of them are running practically<br />
full, the position of consumers and distributors is<br />
desperate by reason of the fact that only one or two of the<br />
manufacturers are able to make shipments of any consequence<br />
on account of acute shortage of railroad cars. River<br />
shipments have enabled the National Tube Co. and the<br />
Jones & Laughlin Steel Co. to make a fair showing on<br />
Western consignments. Both of these companies plan on<br />
additions of their fleet as a result of the success gained in<br />
water deliveries.<br />
Foundry Coke—While no material easing yet is observed<br />
in prices on spot tonnages of furnace and foundry beehive<br />
oven coke, with both grades fetching from $17 to $18<br />
per net ton at oven, it is believed that the market is at<br />
or near top. Basis for this belief is found in the fact that<br />
extra purchases for over the Fourth of July have so provided<br />
melters with supplies as to keep them out of the market for<br />
a time and in addition recent prices for fuel have so materially<br />
reduced the margin of profit for merchant pig iron<br />
producers that a number of them are planning on early<br />
suspension unless they are able to secure supplies for less<br />
money. Ovens in the'more easterly end of the Connellsville<br />
district are getting fairly good car placements, but at the<br />
THESE FIGURES SPELL<br />
SATISFACTION<br />
300,000<br />
Vogel Frost-Proof<br />
Closets Now in Use<br />
The wide-awake plumber finds an<br />
unlimited field for Vogel Frost-Proof<br />
Closets.<br />
There is a lot of "Vogel" Frost-<br />
Proof business in your locality. Look<br />
in the garages, shops, isolated and<br />
unheated places—plenty of work for<br />
you to do and each "Vogel" installation<br />
means a handsome profit.<br />
They are easy to sell,<br />
simple and inexpensive to<br />
install and reliable in<br />
service. Cannot freeze.<br />
No water in tank or any<br />
part ot closet when not<br />
in operation.<br />
Get VOGELS from<br />
your jobber.<br />
other end the complaint Please of a nuote shortage METAL is common. WORKER, PLUMBER Consider-AND<br />
STEAM FITTER when writing to advertisers<br />
Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
Delaware<br />
Wilmington<br />
Linseed Oil—Demand in the linseed oil market is light<br />
purchases being confined to small lots. In lots of 5 bbl. able last half tonnage remains to be contracted, but not<br />
and over, city raw American seed is quoted at $1.55 to much business of this sort is being done, probably because<br />
$1.65, and out-of-town raw American seed is $1.55 to $1.65. of the uncertainty as to the effect of the transportation con<br />
In lots of less than 5 bbl. 5c more per gallon is asked. ditions on mine, oven and furnace operations. Last half<br />
Boiled oil brings lc more per gallon than raw oil.<br />
contracts in furnace coke thus far reported have been on a<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Stocks improving, prices lower i to and 1 basis on Valley basic pig iron, or at flat prices of<br />
demand slack are the conditions reported in the spirits of $11.50 to $12 per net ton oven. Full deliveries against the<br />
turpentine market. In machine barrels in yard, the whole •Her class of contracts are not certain so long as spot tonsale<br />
price is quoted at $1.49.<br />
nages command such a big premium as at present.<br />
THE FILMS OF BUSINESS CORP., 220 West Forty-second<br />
Street, New York City, has arranged to show<br />
in the Rialto Theatre on Tuesday and Thursday<br />
mornings from 10.00 to 12.00 o'clock, films dealing<br />
with Americanization, vocational work, science, industry,<br />
salesmanship, psychology, merchandising,<br />
etc. Admission to these entertainments will be free<br />
and the tickets will be distributed by the merchants<br />
and manufacturers whose films are to be shown, or<br />
they may be had at the door on application. This<br />
is offered as the first showing of a new venture<br />
somewhat revolutionary in its character. Among<br />
the things that are to be shown are the making of<br />
spaghetti, the manufacture of ink, carbon paper,<br />
typewriter ribbons, the graphic display of a new<br />
power issued by the Prest-O-Lite Co., New York<br />
City, and industrial things of a similar nature.<br />
LINCOLN, ANDREW & LANE, INC. is the name of a<br />
concern just incorporated at Pawtucket, R. I., to<br />
carry on a plumbing, lieating and tinsmithing business".<br />
The incorporators are: James P. Lincoln,<br />
Providence; Edward H. Andrew, Pawtucket, and<br />
Roland P. Lane, Providence.
62 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide changes in<br />
price continue.<br />
July 9, 1920<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks.<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sufficiently heavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticable<br />
to name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over<br />
99% pure, in ingots for remelting,<br />
100-lb. lots—37 to 39c<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb.<br />
10c to 12c<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET—<br />
Base price Nominal<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4.50<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
Corrugated-<br />
Round or Square—<br />
Galvanized steel 30%<br />
Toncan or ingot 15%<br />
Copper 10%<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe-<br />
Galvanized 20%<br />
..Spiral Riveted—<br />
Galvanized On application<br />
(See also Elbows and Shoes;<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers,<br />
Conductor.)<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.)<br />
COPPER—<br />
Lake ingot 21H-22J_c<br />
Electrolytic 21-22c<br />
Casting 20-21c<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per<br />
lb., 29<br />
NO. i No. 2 No. 3<br />
4 n<br />
' . $4.00 $3.90 $2.75<br />
^ "l 4.10 3.95 2.8i<br />
Pef r0ll> 108 S< J- ft ROSIN—<br />
Common to good strained (wholesale),<br />
80 lbs., per lb $11.50<br />
SHEETS—<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
No. 10, per lb.<br />
6.50-8.00<br />
No. 12, per lb.<br />
6.55-8.05<br />
No. 14, per lb.<br />
6.60-8.10<br />
No. 16, per lb.<br />
6.70-8.20<br />
Black— One Pass. C. R.<br />
Soft-Steel<br />
No. 18 to 20, per lb 7.80- 9.80<br />
No. 22 to 24, per lb 7.85- 9.85<br />
No. 26, per lb 7.90- 9.90<br />
No. 27, per lb 7.95- 9.95<br />
No. 28, per lb 8.00-10.00<br />
No. 29, per lb 8.05-10.05<br />
No. 30, per lb 8.25-10.25<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 wide,<br />
10c higher<br />
Wellsville Polished—<br />
20 gauge 11.10c<br />
22 and 24 gauge 11.20c<br />
26 gauge 11.30c<br />
28 gauge 11.50c<br />
Galvanized—<br />
Cents per lb<br />
Nos. 12 and 14 9.10-10.60<br />
No. 16 9.25-10.75<br />
Nos. 18 and 20 9.40-10.90<br />
Nos. 22 and 24 9.25-11.05<br />
No. 26 9.70-11.20<br />
No. 27 9.85-11.35<br />
No. 28 10.00-11.50<br />
No. 30 10.50-12.50<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide,<br />
20c higher<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized—<br />
2J_ in. corrugations, 30c per 100<br />
lbs. over flat sheets.<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Painted-<br />
Prices quoted on application.<br />
2y2-'\-n. Corrugation<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
No. 26, pr 100 sq. ft.<br />
No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
SLATE ROOFING—<br />
F. O. B. cars, Quarry Station.<br />
Per Square<br />
According<br />
Pennsylvania— to size<br />
Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00<br />
No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9.00<br />
Pen Argyl 7.75 to 8.25<br />
Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50<br />
No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75<br />
Vermont-<br />
No. 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50<br />
Unfading Green 6.50 to 13.50<br />
Red 22.00<br />
Maine-<br />
Brownsville, Unfading Black,<br />
-,<br />
-<br />
2-Fly larred Paper $1 «i<br />
3-Ply Tarred Paper ;"7oO<br />
Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
r, , „. , Prices on application<br />
Koohng Pitch, per ton $30 00<br />
Open per lb 15c<br />
No - ] SOLDER—<br />
T<br />
_ to J_ guaranteed 37^o<br />
No. 1 34^<br />
Refined 30c<br />
Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
private brands vary according to<br />
composition.<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES—<br />
Yaeger's Salts:<br />
1-lb. cans, each fid<br />
5-lb. cans, each $3.00<br />
A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
Gallon $1.25<br />
12-gal. Carboy 90c per gallon<br />
(Jug and carboy extra)<br />
Callahan's Non-Corrosive, per<br />
gal $1.75<br />
SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 50c<br />
In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
per lb.<br />
In lots of less than 100 lbs., ad*<br />
vance 4c per lb.<br />
STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR-<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
Copper $2.80 $3.75 $5.75 $9.00 dz.<br />
Galv 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 dz,<br />
TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
Straits, pigs per lb 52c<br />
Straits, in bars, per lb 57c to 62c<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
..Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
N. B.—The price of 14 x 20<br />
"AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
IC, 14x20 $16.50<br />
IX, 14x20 18.75<br />
IXX. 14x20 20.50<br />
IXXX. 14x20 22.25<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
"A"Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
IC, 14x20 $14.25<br />
IX, 14 x 20 16.25<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 18.00<br />
IXXX. 14x20 19.75<br />
IXXXX, 14x20 21.50<br />
Coko Plates, Bright-<br />
Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
80-lb $11.80<br />
90-lb 11.90<br />
100-lb 12.00<br />
IC 13.25<br />
IX 13.25<br />
IXX 14.25<br />
IXXX 15.25<br />
IXXXX 16.25<br />
Terne Plate-<br />
Small lots, 8-lb Coating:<br />
100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
IC, 14 x 20 9.50<br />
IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
STORM-PROOF<br />
squared:<br />
12-Ib. Coating $11.50<br />
15-lb. Coating 11.75<br />
••-, $11.00 20-lb. Coating 12.25<br />
Slatters felt, 30-lb. roll 2 00 30-lb. Coating 13.50<br />
40-lb. roll 2.25 35-lb. Coating 14.25<br />
is the Ventilator with a constant<br />
M. F. Grade 13.50<br />
40-lb Coating 15.00<br />
STRONG, STEADY WASTE PULL COTTON—<br />
Per lb. in 5-lb. bags 22c<br />
outward of impure air, etc<br />
ZINC SHEETS—<br />
ROYADS VENTILATE FROM THE Western GROUND Slabs UP 10-llc<br />
quickly removing all foul air, gases, etc., supplying Sheets No. 9 instead base casks Pure, I4J_e<br />
Fresh, Wholesome Air. Note the Scientific construction which<br />
insures maximum exhausting capacity.<br />
The ROYAL is built for DURARILITY and HIGHEST efflciegcy.<br />
Made to any size, round or rectangular metal or _-lass<br />
top and with Fire Retarding Damper.<br />
Patented<br />
ml r gIaS<br />
°<br />
Send for Catalogue explaining why ROYALS should be nlaced<br />
on every building.<br />
u "* P laceu<br />
Pie tse quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
420 LOCUST STREET, PHILADELPHIA, p ,<br />
THE ROYAL<br />
ROYAL VENTILATOR COMPANY
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
FLORAL PAEK, N. Y„ JULY 16, 1920.<br />
The Magazine for<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
Manufacturers Iu the United States Must Prepare<br />
to Do More Business In Other Countries<br />
VOLUME 94, No. 3<br />
International Chamber of Commerce Establishe<br />
In directing attention to matters that have cost the time and money of some Ameri<br />
cans laboring for sound commercial expansion, it is the purpose to induce more<br />
of them to become informed on the work and to devote whatever is necessary to<br />
disposing of more of our product outside of the country to insure against the time<br />
T H E work of the first meeting of the International<br />
Chamber of Commerce, reported at the offices of<br />
the Chamber of Commerce of the United States<br />
litre, states that the new <strong>org</strong>anization was creat._ at<br />
Paris at the meeting in July of 500 delegates from<br />
the five countries that participated last fall in the International<br />
Trade Conference — Belgium, Great<br />
Britain, France, Italy and the United States. Business<br />
interests in other countries will be taken into<br />
membership later.<br />
The meeting gave the delegates an apportunity to<br />
take up many questions of international business relations.<br />
The following is a summary of the action<br />
taken on a number of the most important subjects<br />
considered:<br />
Restoration of international credit, based on fixation<br />
of the amount and the conditions of payment for<br />
the debts of all countries, allies or enemies, was urged.<br />
It was resolved that allied states should agree also<br />
as soon as possible to fix definitely the amount and<br />
conditions of payments according to the stipulations<br />
in the treaty.<br />
There should be an avoidance of duplicate taxation<br />
of wealth of individuals or <strong>org</strong>anizations in more than<br />
one country.<br />
There should be reduction of unnecessary expenditures<br />
on the part of local and national governments.<br />
Extension of credits, uniform banking laws, and<br />
war damages were dealt with.<br />
Reciprocal international treaties relative to import<br />
and export taxes were advocated.<br />
An international credit bureau was planned.<br />
--, .. .1 —i i„„oi fVinmbers of commerce were re<br />
when home consumption cannot absorb it.<br />
quested to co-operate with their governments to reduce<br />
national and local governmental expenditures.<br />
Governments and banking commercial industrial associations<br />
in all countries were urged to co-operate<br />
with the International Chamber and with each other<br />
to reduce importation of non-essentials by countries<br />
whose exchanges are depreciated and to increase exportations<br />
from such countries.<br />
There should be an endeavor to obtain the co-operation<br />
of labor to prevent delay in the turn-around of<br />
ships, delay between ships and trains, and delay in<br />
transportation by rail.<br />
There should be restriction as far as possible upon<br />
countries whose exchanges are depreciated, issuing<br />
foreign loans.<br />
There should be a reconstruction special committee<br />
to study the exchange situation.<br />
There should be encouragement of tourists through<br />
removal of unnecessary restrictions.<br />
It is desirable to furnish raw materials and credits.<br />
There should be facilitation and simplification of<br />
passport procedure.<br />
A committee was proposed to investigate the mischievous<br />
use of trade names and of misleading indi<br />
cations.<br />
Common nomenclature was proposed for customs<br />
tariffs of the allied nations.<br />
Revocation of import and export prohibitions was<br />
urged as soon as internal conditions of each country<br />
will allow.<br />
A resolution petitions the Board of Directors to<br />
establish a central bureau for international statistics<br />
covering production with forecast of output and prob<br />
able needs of each country.
64<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
Luigi della Torre, Senator, president Italian Federation<br />
The world's stock of fuel was discussed.<br />
of Banks.<br />
A resolution urges hastening of utilization of hydroCommander<br />
Gi<strong>org</strong>ia Mylius, president, Ita'ian Master<br />
electric power, development of measures for the use Cotton Spinners' and Weavers' Association.<br />
of mineral fuel scientifically and economically, and For the United States:<br />
development to the utmost of research in the extraction<br />
of coal and oil resources of the world.<br />
The full meeting expressed an opinion that Ger<br />
John H. Fahey, formerly president, Chamber of Commerce<br />
of the United States.<br />
Willis H. Booth, vice-president Guaranty Trust Co., New<br />
York, and formerly vice-president Chamber of Commerce<br />
many had not demonstrated an intention to fulfill its of the United States.<br />
obligations to the Allies, as agreed in the Treaty of Edward A. Filene, president, William Filene's Sons Co,<br />
Versailles. Allied governments were urged to tolerate Boston, and formerly a director in the Chamber of Com<br />
no further delay in the carrying out of treaty agreements.<br />
The next meeting of the International Chamber<br />
will be held in London, June, 1921. Temporary headquarters<br />
have been established in Paris. The locamerce<br />
of the United States.<br />
Alternates:<br />
Harry A. Wheeler, formerly president of the Chamber of<br />
Commerce of the United States.<br />
William Butterworth, a director in the Chamber of Commerce<br />
of the United States.<br />
tion of the permanent headquarters is left to the Owen D. Young, vice-president, General Electric Co.,<br />
Board of Directors.<br />
New York City.<br />
Temporary Secretary-General:<br />
M. Dolleans, professor of Political Economy at the University<br />
of Dijon.<br />
The Chamber elected the following officers and directors<br />
:<br />
President:<br />
Etienne Clementel, former Minister of Commerce in<br />
France, and member of the Supreme Economic Council.<br />
Vice-Presidents:<br />
A. O. Bedford, New York City.<br />
Baron Edouard Empain, Belgian banker.<br />
A. J. Hobson, Sheffield, England.<br />
Vitorio Rolandi Ricci, Italy.<br />
Directors—For Belgium:<br />
Edgar Castelain.<br />
William Thys<br />
Canon LeGrand.<br />
For France:<br />
Eugene Schneider.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>es Pascalis.<br />
M. Coignet, of Lyons, president National Association for<br />
Economic Expansion.<br />
For England:<br />
Sir Arthur Shirley Benn.<br />
Walter Leaf, president, Institute of Bankers, Chairman,<br />
Lond County, Westminster & Parr's Bank.<br />
J. G. Jenkins, vice-president, British Producers' Association,<br />
and formerlv Premier, South Australia.<br />
For Italy:<br />
Marco Cassin.<br />
Union Responsibility Fixed<br />
ADECISION handed down by the Supreme Court<br />
at Rochester, N. Y., recently by Judge Adolph<br />
Rodenbeck states sound principles in a clear and vigorous<br />
manner. The decision upholds the contention<br />
of a clothing company which asserted that its employees<br />
were subjected to "verbal abuse, actual assaults<br />
and threats" and that its business was unlawfully<br />
interfered with by the Amalgamated Clothing<br />
<strong>Worker</strong>s of America. The court made a temporary<br />
injunction permanent and allowed damages, the<br />
amount to be determined later. Although the decision<br />
relates directly to the clothing business, the-principles<br />
enunciated would apply to any kind of manufacturing.<br />
Judge Rodenbeck first set forth the relations of<br />
employers and employees to each other and to the<br />
public, saying:<br />
The plaintiffs were required to win their way in the<br />
world of business by hard and honest competition and by<br />
The Actuating Motive<br />
THE policy of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER is to grasp every<br />
opportunity to improve the minds, environment, and welfare of all connected<br />
with these industries; to promote the most cordial, sympathetic and harmonious<br />
co-operation between the manufacturers, jobbers, masters and journeymen; to render<br />
their services to the public more efficient, intelligent and satisfactory.<br />
We believe that the manufacturers, jobbers, masters and journeymen are honest,<br />
sincere in their desire to serve, and efficient in the discharge of their obligation to<br />
the public.<br />
We believe the sheet metal, plumbing and ehating industries are prerequisites<br />
to the comforts, convenience and sanitation which makes possible an environment<br />
conducive to health and happiness for all.<br />
To this end there is published in the pages of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
STEAM FITTER the most advanced ideas, approved practices, modern designs and<br />
practical methods emanating from the brilliant minds of the trade.<br />
To improve the welfare of the trade is our aim, to disseminate useful knowledge<br />
our constant endeavor. Therefore, the pages of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
STFAM FITTER are open for the publication of useful information which will assist<br />
in achieving our goal.
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 65<br />
the character and quality of their goods; but the Amalgamated<br />
Clothing <strong>Worker</strong>s, instead of endeavoring to secure<br />
recognition by an example of enlightened and reasonable<br />
administration in other factories, chose to force their way<br />
into plaintiffs factory by secrecy and by a strike backed<br />
by its powerful influence and supported by acts that the<br />
law condemns. Ultimate success in the labor movement does<br />
not lie along this line, but in the direction of a peaceful<br />
exemplification of a just and reasonable administration of<br />
affairs of the union, with advantages not only to employers<br />
and employees but to the public as well.<br />
In other words, when a business has been built up<br />
by long years of honest effort, a labor union has no<br />
right to destroy it by unlawful acts, but the union<br />
must establish itself upon the basis of merit, if at all.<br />
The court went on to show how the union in question,<br />
by its action toward another union which had<br />
been recognized by the clothing company, had been<br />
guilty of attempting to establish a monopoly of labor<br />
and the judge denounced economic and industrial despotism<br />
and monopolies, whether of labor or capital,<br />
as opposed to our principles of government.<br />
In conclusion, the court emphatically set forth that<br />
a union cannot escape the consequences of its acts if<br />
they are unlawful. "A concert of action by a labor<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization and its members," said the judge, "to<br />
compel recognition of a union or to redress grievances<br />
by means of threats, intimidation, force, violence or<br />
similar coersive measures constitutes a conspiracy,<br />
whether such intention was present at the inception of<br />
the strike or afterward, and a national unincorporated<br />
labor union is liable for damages if its officers and<br />
agents acted within the scope of their authority as<br />
such in calling and carrying on the strike with the<br />
purpose of using such unlawful means; but the liability<br />
does not extend to the individual members who<br />
are not specifically connected with such acts."<br />
This decision shows that incorporation of a union<br />
is not necessary in order to hold it responsible for<br />
such acts as are here described. While an individual<br />
may not be compelled to share the liability unless<br />
there is evidence against him, the entire union as a<br />
body cannot escape responsibility for unlawful acts<br />
which, if established against an individual, would result<br />
in his punishment. The decision, although possibly<br />
more lenient than the one in the famous Danbury<br />
hatters' case as to the individual, is fully as rigid in<br />
establishing the responsibility of the union.<br />
A Memorial to Otto Walten<br />
By L. Giclas<br />
Upon the death of some persons the family sustains<br />
a great loss, but when the deceased is a person of<br />
broad vision and has labored consistently, leaving<br />
more in the world than was given him, something<br />
acquired or built up by his own painstaking efforts,<br />
the community shares in the loss. Is it not always<br />
the case that such a man's successes are recounted<br />
and the impress of his character in his accomplishments<br />
quicken thoughts and better actions in those<br />
who were his associates and remain? The works of<br />
such a man that benefit a trade are in a measure<br />
public property.<br />
Such a man was Otto L. Walten, formerly of Washington,<br />
D. C, and the works of his like should not<br />
be "hidden under a bushel." It is a pleasure to note<br />
that my last journeyman's service was in the employ<br />
of Mr. Walten and always pleasant relations have existed.<br />
Too often a boss gets sore when one of his<br />
workmen leaves to start in business for himself, but<br />
in my case the best encouragement received was by<br />
Mr. Walten, who sent me many good jobs. In gratitude<br />
for this and other things I am not satisfied with<br />
the brief obituary published at the time of his death<br />
early in the year.<br />
Furthermore, I worked in eighteen shops previous<br />
to working in his and can say that his was the best,<br />
Fine Front. Characteristic Of The Business<br />
and he the best to his men. Always considerate and<br />
even tempered in giving instruction to his men, with<br />
rare exceptions this won him obedience and continued<br />
loyal service from his force of twenty employees. He<br />
did only high-class work and talked more of quality<br />
than of cheapness.<br />
The accompanying photograph shows the front of<br />
his place of business, and is truly consistent, a cornicemaker's<br />
front with no paint to hide the material of<br />
which it is made.<br />
During the war he exhibited considerable moral<br />
courage by Americanizing his name to suit his nature<br />
and accomplishments. He leaves a large and valuable<br />
estate to his children. The Washington Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
Contractors' Association, of which he was a member,<br />
has noted his services by the adoption of the following<br />
resolution:<br />
From the beginning of history it has been the custom t<br />
pay tribute to our benefactors on their decease, and to extoll<br />
in memorials their deeds.<br />
BE IT RESOVLED by this association that in the death of<br />
Otto L. Walten the sheet metal trade of Washington has<br />
lost the best exponent for <strong>org</strong>anized effort for trade betterment.<br />
He was the pioneer <strong>org</strong>anizer of the trade of<br />
this city. , ...<br />
AND BE IT NOTFD that his many good qualities, amiable<br />
disposition, and progressive spirit has marked him one of<br />
our best citizens, a model husband, a kind and considerate<br />
father and a first-class business man; and that this be<br />
inscribed in the minutes of this meeting.<br />
Respectfully submitted,<br />
Louis GICLAS.
66 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
Entrances to Underground Convenience Station, Scranton, Pa<br />
Women's Section Are from Different Streets, and Exhaus<br />
Showing Excellent Arrangement. Stairs to Men's and<br />
for Vitiated Air Is Disguised as a Large Flower Urn.<br />
Need For Public Convenience Stations<br />
Investigation Discloses A Regretable Condition In the Woeful Lack<br />
HP HE United States is not lacking in imposing<br />
A municipal buildings of a monumental character.<br />
Every town and city boasts of its city hall, courthouse,<br />
library or other structure of particular artistic<br />
merit. The City of Washington, D. C, bearing the<br />
nation's capitol, naturally excels in this type of structure.<br />
We would in nowise discourage the further construction<br />
of such buildings, not reflect in any wise<br />
on the pride attendant to their possession.<br />
It is here desired not only to point out the regrettable<br />
lack and apparent unconcern which exists concerning<br />
a very necessary type of municipal structure,<br />
i. e.j the public convenience, more commonly termed<br />
"comfort" station, but also to urge the provision of<br />
an adequate number of such structures without delay.<br />
Perhaps in less arid times, some excuse existed for<br />
this unhygienic condition, since in a measure the now<br />
extinct saloon helped supply the convenience which<br />
the municipality had failed to provide. This excuse<br />
no longer exists and at the present time a campaign<br />
should be undertaken in practically every community<br />
to bring about the erection of an adequate number of<br />
such structures.<br />
An investigation has brought out the fact that it is<br />
of This Very Necessary Type of Structure<br />
not a difficult matter to make such stations self-sustaining.<br />
Two of the most important problems to be<br />
worked out in connection with this class of building,<br />
which, of course, is purely utilitarian in character,<br />
are the location, ». e., whether above or below ground,<br />
whether in a prominent or secluded location, arrangement<br />
of approach, etc., and adequate ventilation.<br />
Since these problems have been satisfactorily worked<br />
out in many structures now existing, a study of some<br />
of these will be of considerable interest.<br />
There are here presented photographs and drawings<br />
illustrating an underground convenience station built<br />
in Scranton Pa, designed by Duckworth Brothers,<br />
architects; also plans of an underground convenience<br />
station, designed by the same architects, to be erected<br />
on Providence Square, Scranton.<br />
It will be noticed from the photograph showing the<br />
general location of the former that this station is near<br />
the intersection of two busy thoroughfares, yet the<br />
entrances are so screened by shrubbery as not to be<br />
over prominent. The stairways leading to the men's<br />
and women s compartments are approached by walks<br />
heading from different streets, an admirable a.range-
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 67<br />
Plan, Public Convenience Station to Be Erected at Providence Square, Scranton, Pa.<br />
The station is under the charge of two male and Thus the cost of operation per person was 3.3 mills. The<br />
„ , , , , ° , , ., .... population of the city of Scranton is 150,000.<br />
two female attendants, who each work in 8-hr. shifts, • '<br />
the station being closed from midnight until 8 a. m. During 1919 the number of persons visiting the<br />
Data relating to this station, collected during the station was in the neighborhood of 2,000,000. The<br />
year 1918, is here presented: need of additional stations is evident.<br />
I LOO! HAM<br />
Plan of Underground Public Convenience Station, Scranton, Pa.<br />
Total number of persons visiting the station during the<br />
year—1,111,519, this including both men and women. Approximately<br />
20 per cent, of this number were women.<br />
Annual salary of four attendants, $2,400.<br />
Cost of light, heat, water and supplies, $1,726.04.<br />
Total cost of maintenance during 1918, $4,126.04.<br />
Revenue from pay eompartnments, $478.32.<br />
Net cost, $3,647.72.<br />
Cross Section on Line AA<br />
v<br />
The ventilating system installed is capable of effecting<br />
a complete air change every 3 min. Ample<br />
indirect heating coils are provided to maintain the incoming<br />
fresh air at the proper temperature during<br />
winter months. The station is practically odorless,<br />
something which unfortunately cannot be said of all
68 M E T A L W O R K E R , PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
such structures.<br />
John S. Duckworth, of Duckworth Bros., the architects,<br />
states relative to the design of convenience<br />
stations:<br />
The point I consider of utmost importance in the construction<br />
of a comfort station is the avoidance of any materials<br />
which will absorb uric acid gas. Concrete should<br />
be avoided for a finish, and even the joints between glazed<br />
Longitudinal Section. Providence Square Station.<br />
terests. Among the latter are transportation facilities,<br />
gas, electricity, etc. Included with the former is<br />
the public convenience station. There is no other public<br />
improvement which affects such a large number of<br />
taxpayers, and which can be provided at such slight<br />
expense to the individual.<br />
Every park development scheme should include<br />
plans for the inclusion of such stations. In addition,<br />
tile will absorb this gas. Once any material becomes perthey<br />
should be located at other points conveniently<br />
meated with this odor, it is impossible to keep the station<br />
accessible to the public.<br />
either sanitary or odorless. Argentine glass has been found<br />
No industrial plant would consider for a moment<br />
to be impracticable on account of its cracking.<br />
the omission of such an important feature from its<br />
Another point I consider essential is to have all fixtures<br />
plans. Business men realize that money invested in<br />
operate automatically, such as flush tvpe water-closets which<br />
such features, in rest rooms, etc., yields future profits.<br />
are flushed with the release of pressure on the seat. By<br />
using automatic flush tank arrangement for the urinals<br />
In many states the factory laws establish the mini<br />
they may be flushed at any at any stated interval.<br />
mum facilities of this nature which must be provided<br />
In the convenience station illustrated this feature<br />
in such class of buildings, the lawmakers realizing<br />
has been admirably worked out. Even the exhaust for<br />
that the health of the employees must be properly<br />
vitiated air having been camouflaged by treating it as<br />
safeguarded.<br />
a large flower urn, which adds to, rather than detracts<br />
from, the general appearance.<br />
The approach to a comfort station should be attractively<br />
laid out, the landscape design incorporating the use of<br />
IZaSSffiHSTT<br />
hedges, flowers and trees, so that the entrances will be<br />
somewhat secluded, and the whole appearance made so as<br />
to add to the attractiveness of the parkwav or place where<br />
the structure is located.<br />
Interior View, Public Convenience Station at Scranton<br />
Pa.<br />
In every community there are certain conveniences<br />
which must be provided by the municipality, and certain<br />
which can be legitimately provided by private in-<br />
P.an Showing Me^anica^Equipment, Providence<br />
There seems no logical reason to compel the installation<br />
of such features in buildings constructed by pri-<br />
leltX ""* '^^ ^ ^^ throughout the<br />
rest of the community. As a matter of fact, it is easy<br />
to determine the progressive city or town by investigating<br />
its mumc.pal works, and to see to what extent<br />
the taxpayers are benefited thereby<br />
dent7and .o e f ing t0 *"""* the P ublic ' both as resi "<br />
fnto t. „ A r? P ur P° ses > ^ d do well to look<br />
____?_.,».• . °? g * he Hne ° utlined and see if it« °<br />
record is satisfactory in this respect.
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 69<br />
Duties of Plumbing Inspector and Method of Recording<br />
Inspection According to State Plumbing Law<br />
Administration of Public Health in Ohio<br />
By oAden E. Smith<br />
SCIENCE has definitely proven that wastes from<br />
any given plane of life are destructive to that<br />
plane from which they spring. This is specially<br />
true of human life, for it is well known that many<br />
of the most fatal diseases to which the race is subject<br />
originate from insufficient removal and improper<br />
disposal of the body wastes.<br />
The first sanitary law of which we have any record<br />
was promulgated by Moses when he commanded the<br />
children of Israel to bury the waste from their bodies<br />
in the earth. (Deut. 23:12 and 13.) This would<br />
indicate that even in ancient times the danger to<br />
human life from waste products was recognized.<br />
Much ingenuity has been exercised in modern<br />
times to remove liquid and solid waste matter in a<br />
safe manner from buildings used for human occupancy<br />
and habitation, and to furnish a copious supply<br />
of pure water for drinking, bathing and all domestic<br />
uses. This has been best accomplished by the<br />
installation of modern, sanitary plumbing, where<br />
water-flushed fixtures receive the wastes and remove<br />
them through a sewerage system to a safe place of<br />
disposal. It is very important, however, that systems<br />
of plumbing be installed in buildings so as to<br />
conform with well-known natural and hygienic laws.<br />
This requires the practical application of these laws<br />
by persons well informed and trained in their par<br />
ticular line.<br />
Most progressive cities, or other political subdivisions,<br />
maintain ordinances providing for the inspection<br />
of plumbing installed in every class of building<br />
within their corporations and define certain methods<br />
which must be used.<br />
All district boards of health as <strong>org</strong>anized under<br />
the Griswold Public Health Law have the authority<br />
to create the office of plumbing inspector in their district<br />
and define his duties. The law of Ohio requires<br />
that local ordinances or resolutions<br />
Definite Duties prescribing the method of installing<br />
of Plumbing plumbing must not conflict with the<br />
Inspector provisions of the State Plumbing<br />
Code. For this reason the best<br />
method for municipalities is to adopt an ordinance<br />
creating the office of city plumbing inspector, define<br />
his duties, state his salary and incorporate in this<br />
ordinance by reference Sections 12600-137 to 12600-<br />
273 G. C, Ohio laws, which is the Ohio State Plumbing<br />
Code, making it apply to all classes and character<br />
of buildings within their jurisdiction. A recent opinion<br />
of the Attorney-General has held this to be legal.<br />
The Ohio State Plumbing Code is administered by<br />
tlie Ohio State Department of Health through a State<br />
inspector of plumbing, which office is created by Section<br />
1261-1 to 15 G. C. It is the duty of the Division<br />
of Plumbing to examine and approve plans of plumbing,<br />
drainage and sanitary equipment to be installed<br />
in all buildings coming within the jurisdicton of the<br />
State inspector of plumbing. An opinion of the Attorney-General<br />
holds that these include all buildings,<br />
except single or double dwellings unless such buildings<br />
are situated within a municipality or other political<br />
subdivision enforcing an ordinance or resolution<br />
regulating the inspection of plumbing. These<br />
plans must be submitted before the contract for the<br />
sanitary work has been awarded.<br />
In addition to the examination and approval of<br />
plans, the State inspector of plumbing issues permits<br />
to install sanitary equipment upon application<br />
in regular form, and payment of fees as required by<br />
law. Inspections of all plumbing in-<br />
Records of installations are made and those that are<br />
Plumbing insanitary or defective condemned. He<br />
Jobs keeps proper records of all work submitted<br />
to his office and makes monthly reports<br />
to the State Commissioner of Health and the<br />
Ohio Public Health Council. When jobs are completed,<br />
he may issue certificates of approval and may<br />
revoke same for cause. It is his duty to enter prosecutions<br />
against all persons violating the provisions of<br />
the Plumbing Code or Sections 1261 — 15, G. C.<br />
In addition to the above duties it is the desire of<br />
the division of plumbing to assist in educational work<br />
along sanitary lines as the occasion presents itself.<br />
Many requests are received from clubs, city councils,<br />
chambers of commerce and other <strong>org</strong>anizations interested<br />
in public health work for a representative of<br />
the division to address them on the relation of plumbing<br />
to the public health. We accept these invitations<br />
cheerfully whenever possible and in the past have<br />
illustrated our lectures with appropriate slides.<br />
Beginning July 1, 1920, the State Department of<br />
Health will register all persons engaged in the business<br />
of plumbing as provided for in Sections 1261-2,<br />
G C This will be without cost to the applicant for<br />
registration and if registered a suitable certificate will<br />
be issued by the department. The information received<br />
in this way will be valuable to the department<br />
and facilitate its work.<br />
It is the desire of the department to solicit the cooperation<br />
not only of the plumbers of the State in<br />
this work, but all citizens who are interested in better<br />
health.
70 Alt WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
A Comprehensive Treatment of the Factors<br />
Governing Circulation and Their Application<br />
to Heating Building<br />
New Treatment of Hot Water Heating<br />
By Edivard E. Parker<br />
W H E R E it is necessary to have a radiator on the<br />
same level as the heater, if there are other radiators<br />
on the floor above, it is a simple matter to<br />
bring the return pipe down into the top of the lower<br />
radiator to act as its flow, and run the return pipe<br />
back to the heater by any one of the three ways<br />
shown in Fig. 20. If there are no higher radiators<br />
from which the flow pipe can be taken, a single radiator<br />
on the same level as the heater should be connected<br />
botli at flow and return, as shown in the<br />
Radiators on solid lines in that cut. The dotted lines<br />
the Heater<br />
Level<br />
showing the return pipe running as directly<br />
as possible from the return opening<br />
in the radiator to the return opening<br />
in the heater illustrates the usual practice. If a door<br />
or some similar obstruction should intervene, the return<br />
would be run beneath the floor as shown by the<br />
lower dotted lines.<br />
Both of these methods of running back the returns<br />
should be avoided, the latter especially, because the<br />
heat lost below the floor is not only wasted, but wasted<br />
*UI<br />
/<br />
Drip Cock<br />
=SJ<br />
= f c<br />
. _—<br />
Dr/0 Cock<br />
Fig. 20. Heating- Radiators Below Supply<br />
and Return Mains.<br />
in such a manner as to retard and often to prevent the<br />
water circulating through the radiator. If the return<br />
pipe be taken from the bottom of the radiator and<br />
then upward to the level of the flow pipe, or just be<br />
PART X<br />
low it, and thence, rising at the same grade as the flow<br />
pipe, back to the place where it must drop to the bottom<br />
of the heater, the circulation will be accelerated,<br />
unnecessary expense avoided and fuel saved for reasons<br />
which have already been explained.<br />
Of course some method of venting the return loop<br />
must be provided, but pet cocks must be avoided, as<br />
they are liable to be neglected. The best way to vent<br />
this return pipe is by means of a Y^-in. connection<br />
leading from the top of the highest fitting on the return<br />
pipe to the expansion tank or any pipe that is<br />
naturally vented in the manner shown in Fig. 21. The<br />
upward loop in the -/4~in. pipe is necessary, because<br />
d'Htnt-<br />
A _•/'urn Afa/n<br />
HO:<br />
10_J~ O^erf/orY<br />
•Expansion 7bnk<br />
A/ow Mar//?<br />
Fig 21. Venting System Through Expansion Tank.<br />
the air which will always remain in the top of it prevents<br />
any short circuiting of water from the expansion<br />
tank into the perpendicular part of the return main,<br />
whicli otherwise would occur whenever the water in<br />
the expansion tank rose above the point where the<br />
pipe enters it.<br />
This loop should be several inches high nnd put together<br />
at the top with a close nipple, so as to bring<br />
the legs as near together as possible, in order that the<br />
slightest amount of air will be sufficient to seal the<br />
passage. Fig. 20 shows how the main should be<br />
vented.<br />
Where the building is one that requires a considerable<br />
amount of radiation, more or less distributed, all<br />
in rooms on the same level as the heater, it is something<br />
of a problem to lay out a system that will circulate<br />
the water in a satisfactory manner, and owing<br />
to the constantly increasing number of garages, conservatories<br />
and similar one-story structures, the demand<br />
for this sort of hot water installations is proportionally<br />
increased.
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 71<br />
In such installations as these, as in all hot-water<br />
heating work, the water will circulate through the system<br />
whenever there is fire in the heater, provided that<br />
/Air Loop<br />
Dra/77 AaAe-<br />
Fig 22. Supply and Return Connections from Same<br />
Main Mitre Coil Below It.<br />
the cooling center is above the heating center, as previously<br />
explained, unless there are air pockets or other<br />
obstructions inside the pipe.<br />
In order to induce a reasonably rapid circulation<br />
where there is much retarding force, care should be<br />
taken to remove every possible impediment that would<br />
tend to retard the circulation. To do this, the pipes<br />
should be a size larger, and the overhead mains often<br />
two sizes larger, than would be necessary if the radiation<br />
were' above the mains. Care should be taken never<br />
to butt return lines, and such details as the careful<br />
reaming of pipes, which ordinarily may be omitted,<br />
should be attended to.<br />
When the system involves the heating of a number<br />
of radiators or wall coils, the flow should rise directly<br />
to the highest point and be vented as already described.<br />
Then the main should run around the building<br />
as in the single circuit system. If there should<br />
happen to be a room or two upstairs which needs to<br />
be heated, these radiators should be connected as already<br />
described, and they will be a great help in accelerating<br />
the circulation through the radiators below.<br />
The returns from the radiators near the heater may<br />
be carried back separately if desired, but care should<br />
be taken that the high places should be vented as before<br />
described.<br />
rffP/pe ^-Ceiling<br />
Wains'<br />
WCTanK<br />
Fig. 24. A System Without an Expansion Tank.<br />
Mitre coils with the perpendicular pipes extending<br />
high on the wall give the best results with this sort<br />
of work. The horizontal header should be the one<br />
nearest the heater as the water flows, and the return<br />
pipe which runs up into the main again should be taken<br />
from the bottom of the return header as shown in<br />
Fig. 22. These pipes should be the full size of the<br />
main. Another pipe of the same size should lead<br />
from the other end of the flow header and up into the<br />
bottom of the main as shown. If the main between<br />
these two points was entirely open, the water would<br />
flow freely through it and would never pass through<br />
the coil at all. If the main, between these two points,<br />
were plugged tight, or a piece of it cut out, it would<br />
be impossible to keep the air from collecting at the<br />
high points and shutting off the circulation.<br />
The scheme of plugging the main, leaving only a<br />
/^\ Fig. 23. The Method That<br />
Insures Circulation and<br />
Heating.<br />
small hole at the top for the passage of air, has been<br />
tried without much success, it being difficult to have a<br />
hole so small that no considerable quantity of water<br />
will go through it and thus throw the plant out of<br />
operation further along, and still be large enough to<br />
keep the main always vented. This may be done by<br />
the use of the air trap around a gate valve, as shown<br />
in Fi"-. 22 and 23. If the room is so high that this<br />
valve would be difficult to reach, a quick opening valve<br />
operated by means of a pulley and chain may be used.<br />
When the system is filled with water, which should<br />
always be done by means of a pipe connected to return<br />
main or into the bottom of the heater, the air<br />
which the water displaces flows freely from the low<br />
to the high part of the main through the air trap.
72 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
'-<br />
i<br />
r<br />
Dro/rj P'/oe<br />
\^ end Coe A,<br />
Bi/-Pc33<br />
* 7.<br />
» Air Trajo<br />
•*<br />
1<br />
**— Water Stz/op/y<br />
Draw-off CocA V"<br />
anaffire?//?P/pe ~-x__U<br />
Fig. 25. A Hot Water Heating Plant With Every Radiator Below Mains and on s'ame Floor as Boiler.<br />
When the water reaches such a height that both ends<br />
of the air trap are under water, there is no place for<br />
the air inside it to escape and what is left there is<br />
pressed into the top of the loop, and effectually cuts<br />
off any leakage of water through it.<br />
There is, however, a considerable quantity of air<br />
in the water itself from which it separates when the<br />
water is heated, and this air rises to join the other air<br />
in the trap. When it collects in sufficient quantity to<br />
overflow, the surplus is forced out into the highest section<br />
of the main, from which it escapes through the<br />
main vent. If a coil instead of a radiator is to be<br />
heated where the horizontal header is considerably below<br />
the main, the space in the main between the two<br />
ends of the air trap may be plugged tight and the valve<br />
placed as shown in Fig. 22. This allows the water to<br />
bypass through the flow header without going through<br />
the remainder of the coil.<br />
It often happens that in heating installations which<br />
are confined to a single story, there is no room to put<br />
an expansion tank above the mains. In such a case an<br />
ordinary water-closet ball cock tank, located several<br />
feet below the mains can be utilized for the purpose as<br />
shown in Fig. 24.<br />
With this arrangement, the system is filled in the<br />
usual way by opening the water-supply valve which<br />
lets the water into the bottom of the heater. As the<br />
water goes in the air is driven out through the vent<br />
pipes shown in the sketch leading out of the top of<br />
the mains, through the air chamber made of l^-in.<br />
pipe clamped to the ceiling and down into the bottom<br />
of the ball cock tank through the y2-in. brass pipe<br />
starting from near the top of the tee and reaching almost<br />
to the bottom of the tank.<br />
Brass should always be used for the piece which<br />
goes into the tank, as there is less corrosion. As the<br />
water flows into the system the air goes out, rising<br />
through the water in the tank with a bubbling sound.<br />
When that sound ceases, the system is full.<br />
When the water is heated, it expands the surplus<br />
over into the tank and thence to the bowl if the tank<br />
gets too full. When the fire goes down the water<br />
contracts m volume, forming a vacuum in the air chamber<br />
This sucks up from the tank the necessary water<br />
to nil it so that the apparatus requires very little attention<br />
as far as water is concerned. In a situation<br />
like this steam would be likely to get into the air trap<br />
if the water in the heater should boil, so the legs of<br />
the trap should be as high and as close together as<br />
possible, in order that the smallest possible amount of<br />
air will seal the system.<br />
An entire heating plant is shown in Fig. 25 where<br />
everything is contained within rooms on a single floor<br />
and the expansion tank some 3 ft. below the mains.<br />
(To Be Continued)<br />
Safety is the corner-stone of efficiency. The more<br />
_____• ___rzs he — ••*•* » J:<br />
.
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 73<br />
It Has the Merit of Service With Satisfaction<br />
For a Number of Years on Many Farms<br />
Ventilating System for Modern Dairy Bar<br />
T) EFORE the new era in milk production and the<br />
*-' care of dairy herds, any kind of shelter for the<br />
cows was considered good enough. The barns<br />
20 and more years ago were sided with rough lumber<br />
and only in rare cases double boarded. Cracks an<br />
inch wide were common and the stock was merely protected<br />
from the severe winter storms under these<br />
conditions.<br />
The prosperous, up-to-date farmer has learned that<br />
his cows must be comfortable in the winter season if<br />
he expects to receive from them the income necessary<br />
to pay for their maintenance and leave a surplus to<br />
meet all other farm and family expenses. The new<br />
barns are well built, being ceiled on the inside and<br />
made as weatherproof as possible. These barns are<br />
supplied with an abundance of windows and with<br />
concrete walls and floors.<br />
In New York State fully 90 per cent, of the farmers<br />
have equipped their stables with water buckets, so<br />
that the cows may drink at any time of day or night<br />
and the milk production has increased wonderfully.<br />
V, gc - ai ' A -^A^/CanopLf braces.<br />
Sejuare to<br />
round transip~^<br />
tion<br />
Sec at' B<br />
Fig. i.<br />
E3EJ<br />
Joice<br />
y<br />
F.yz<br />
F* 1 -Outer shell.<br />
-Foul air shaft.<br />
-Dead air space<br />
Rect. to round base.<br />
Plate--<br />
_T Ha * fhot<br />
Ceiling<br />
Foul air shaft<br />
<br />
A Slitting<br />
fl 1111111 ri<br />
Q older<br />
I.<br />
Hea\iu 06.<br />
Centering q sta, stay<br />
\<br />
%A>—> Fiq. 6.<br />
A<br />
J<br />
^-Solder<br />
B.
74 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
This is the field that many country shops would line and is then cased from floor to roof with wood<br />
work with profit to themselves and with satisfaction to boxing. This keeps it warm and adds to efficiency<br />
the community served. Any who sees fit to go after and also prevents it being crushed by pressure of hay.<br />
barn ventilation business should get a price which will Where expense has to be considered, the system is<br />
enable him to make the work up in the best manner installed as shown in Fig. 1, the round pipe continu<br />
possible. The portion of the system or the ventilator ing only just below roof where connection is made by<br />
above the barn roof is exposed to excessive strain from square to round transition with square wood shaft.<br />
high winds and should be made of No. 22 gauge mate The lower end of foul air shaft in stable is shown in<br />
rial with provision to guy with wires to roof by at Fig. 3. This is brought to within 18 in. of the floor.<br />
taching heavy loops to outer shell. These loops should The plan of barn is given in Fig. 4 with the outlet<br />
be reinforced with washers of heavy stock. The can- flues at A and fresh air inlets at B. These, it will be<br />
seen, are not placed opposite each other, but are<br />
"staggered." The stanchion lines are shown at C,<br />
the barn gutters at D and E is the driveway.<br />
In Fig. 5 is shown how nuts are soldered to outer<br />
shell in their proper location. These receive the bolts<br />
which hold the canopy legs. The canopy is not placed<br />
until balance of ventilator is erected.<br />
In Fig. 6 A shows how outer shell and inner flue are<br />
held together at top. The inner flue is assembled and<br />
made of sufficient length to reach from top of ventilator<br />
to below roof. Same is beaded as shown, with<br />
heavy O. S. bead, y2 in. from the edge. This edge is<br />
Outer Shell<br />
slitted every half inch, and the outer<br />
shell and top ring are fastened with burr<br />
and Inner edge, as shown, and soldered. The in-<br />
Flue ner diameter of top ring is cut to make a<br />
very tight fit for inner flue. Then the<br />
Fig. 7. View of Ventilator On Barn Roof. outer shell with top ring attached is dropped over in-<br />
opy legs should be of good heavy galvanized band iron<br />
and should be so attached to the canopy that no wind<br />
can ever loosen them.<br />
The size of ventilator in most common use in this<br />
part of New York State is 2_ in. in diameter inside<br />
and 28 in. outside. It will be noticed in Fig. 1 that<br />
the construction above the roof allows an air space<br />
between the inner flue and the outer shell. This air<br />
space prevents the extremely cold air coming in contact<br />
with the foul air shaft proper and adds greatly<br />
to the efficiency of the ventilator. These ventilators<br />
can, of course, be made in any desired size.<br />
Experience has taught that 23 sq. in. of foul air<br />
outlet and 20 sq. in. of fresh air inlet are as nearlv<br />
correct as possible for best results. The fresh air inlets<br />
are made of No. 26 galvanized iron and are each<br />
supplied with furnace pipe damper. This permits the<br />
air supply being throttled if extreme cold or high wind<br />
prevails.<br />
The method of introducing this fresh air is shown<br />
in Fig. 3 with the pipe brought through the side of<br />
the barn just above the sill and continued up inside<br />
the stable, delivering the fresh air at the ceiling. The<br />
detail in Fig. 3 shows how the lower elbow passes<br />
through both ceiling and siding and also that this leg<br />
of elbow has considerable pitch which allows it to<br />
drain out any condensation or any storm water which<br />
might blow into it.<br />
A cross section of ventilator is shown in Fig. 1 and<br />
it is only necessary to add in explanation that" for the<br />
size ventilator mentioned above the air space would<br />
be 2 in. The overhang of the canopy would be 10 in<br />
The clearance between top of ventilator and bottom of<br />
canopy would be 9 in.<br />
Where the customer will pay a little more the round<br />
galvanized iron foul air shaft is continued to hay-floor<br />
"f _» %l n d Slit edge is turned down and soldered as<br />
at tf. the centering stays are shown in Fig. 6, which<br />
take the strain off top ring while ventilator is being<br />
handled at shop and during erection. The round sections<br />
of outer shell is, of course, nicely fitted at shop<br />
to lower rectangular base but is left loose for ease in<br />
handling.<br />
To erect, the base section is placed on the roof, the<br />
hole being cut between two rafters, and is shingled in.<br />
The upper section of outer shell, with sufficient inner<br />
s,tion Ind . lT. bd0W r °° f ' iS neXt raised to poit.on<br />
and carefully lowered through base until upper<br />
sec ion and base are engaged. The canopv is .hen<br />
Souid: p r a ^ d %° ** wires att - h ^. &__<br />
should be put on double and then twisted taut The<br />
The'woo°d r °h n ft*" 113111011 , " n6Xt inserted bel -of<br />
whe„ fre-fh "° W built by the Car P enter and ><br />
A finished v Qlr P T 3re inStalkd ' the J° b is fi -^ed<br />
when nfcelv Z rf °T " Flg ' ? ' Jt wiU be * that<br />
_renot ov ,T £ . pro P 0, - tione d these ventilators<br />
are not only a benefit but an ornament.<br />
in The 6 pTa/in F" T_ &1 7S be P kced as sh °<br />
pWeL P t 1 :xt,:mI^e 4 ofb S a 0 rn et Tnth they "*" ^<br />
offset above hay floor must be made Th. " ^ ^<br />
must use good judgment an rf!<br />
e mechamc<br />
all changes in direci"<br />
3nd have<br />
"^^<br />
the "draff of th"-flue ^ ** P SsMe t0 favor<br />
°<br />
^uXVe^lbtn ^r^ 01 ^ DOt ^<br />
a track for carrying w L ^ ^ T ^<br />
thiS is that<br />
No patterns forVhe _ K 7 7 * Pkced in the P eak '<br />
have been ine Sed in t. . , partS . of , the *»««*»<br />
the class of evervdav S ,' "J<br />
aU COmes under<br />
be made with a roun^ h °P w ° ^ , , T h i s ventila ^ can<br />
The rectangl, base Sf I ^u t0P t0 r °° f -<br />
appearance adds much ' however, to the
uly 16, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 75<br />
Time to Repair<br />
Heating and Cooking Apparatus<br />
The Trade Throughout the Country Should Unite<br />
AC USTOMER served promptly is a customer<br />
in Keeping this Idea Before the Puhlic<br />
pleased. Repairs to heating and cooking apparatus,<br />
as a rule, are of an imperative nature so<br />
that when they are needed, the man should be<br />
ready to supply what is required. If this fact is<br />
kept in front of the householder, he will look into<br />
his kitchen range and see the condition of the firebox<br />
linings and grates and he will also realize that he<br />
cannot start up his heating apparatus next fall unless<br />
everything is in good condition.<br />
However, human nature is so constituted that unless<br />
this thing is kept before a man, he is likely to<br />
neglect it. Then he will be unreasonable in his demands<br />
upon the heating contractor and speak disparagingly<br />
of him if the service desired is not prompt.<br />
It cannot be prompt with conditions as they are now<br />
in all of the foundries manufacturing this line of<br />
goods.<br />
In most instances these plants cannot get the number<br />
of molders they require; they have orders for<br />
their popular goods that must be filled, and to get the<br />
patterns from the pattern loft to make repairs for<br />
goods on the market some time, requires time and patience<br />
on the part of an indispensable man so that<br />
orders for such repairs placed to be shipped by the<br />
next freight are likely to lead to disappointing results.<br />
Then again, if the foundry is given some time, the<br />
necessary grates, grate bars, firebox linings of various<br />
sorts, or other repair castings can be put on a list at<br />
the foundry and made as opportunities offer so as to<br />
be ready for delivery when the last call is made.<br />
The man who goes into any house to make repairs of<br />
any sort and overlooks the opportunity to note the condition<br />
of the vulnerable parts of the<br />
Make Investiga- heater or the range, is neglecting a<br />
tion of People's good chance to bring back an order<br />
Equipment for required repairs that should be<br />
procured during the season when<br />
the apparatus is not in heavy use so that they can be<br />
made before the rush of business for the fall season<br />
comes.<br />
There are always a number of people who are not<br />
foresighted and they will not take advantage of time<br />
to prepare for what is sure to be needed. There are<br />
other people more inclined to prepare for their future<br />
wants. And, if the heating contractor and the local<br />
tradesman will see to it that those who are likely to<br />
need repairs arrange to have them made when the<br />
rush season is some distance off, there is a better<br />
probability of the tradesman doing a larger amount<br />
of business during the year and consequently a larger<br />
profit. There is also the certainty of being able to<br />
do the work as it ought to be done when there is not<br />
so much of a drive and thereby giving better satisfaction<br />
to the customer.<br />
If the smoke pipe is taken down and cleaned at<br />
this season of the year, wrapped up in newspaper and<br />
stored in a dry place, it will increase<br />
Put the Chim- the length of its service very mateney<br />
Connections rially. If it is put up again in the<br />
in Order fall at the right time, it will insure<br />
the apparatus having the full draft<br />
of the chimney and this sort of repair work brings<br />
other work to mind. Cleaning the flues is sure to<br />
increase the efficiency and reduce the coal consumption<br />
and the heater man should recommend that the<br />
work be done.<br />
It is always quite possible that some feature of the<br />
kitchen equipment needs overhauling when repairs are<br />
made to the range and it is well not to overlook things<br />
of this sort, like covering the drainboard to the sink,<br />
or the kitchen table, with a piece of zinc. The fixing<br />
of the stove pipe and the heater may also prove an opportunity<br />
to discover that the furnace pipe to some<br />
room is too small to do the heating required, that a<br />
register placed in another room would increase the<br />
comfort, a larger radiator in some room would be better,<br />
or the different location of a radiator would be<br />
more convenient to the family.<br />
All these things are of a nature to increase the comforts<br />
and pleasures of the owner and those who use<br />
any pretext to get work done at this season will continue<br />
popular with those who can start the fire in their<br />
apparatus when most needed without being obliged to<br />
wait for the workman to do some overlooked but muchneeded<br />
repair or adjustment.<br />
Again, the stock of repair castings in the hands of<br />
the wholesalers are better at this season of the year<br />
than they will be in the rush season. They also have<br />
plenty of time to sort out what is required carefully<br />
and correctly, and make the shipment.<br />
Get Orders in And with the railroads as slow in the<br />
for Repair delivery of goods as they have been<br />
Castings recently, this is a matter of great importance.<br />
It is useless to complain<br />
about slow delivery if the ordering has been put off<br />
till the last minute. Get your customers alive to<br />
their needs. Get your order in for what they need.<br />
Get the stock into your shop and then keep busy on<br />
repair work until everybody in your neighborhood<br />
thinks you are the greatest fellow in the town because<br />
you do what they want done when it ought to be done<br />
and leave their outfits in shape for immediate service.<br />
Don't pose as a superior being just because you<br />
are succeeding; others have succeeded before you<br />
were born; still others are succeeding now; yet others<br />
will succeed after you are dead and gone.<br />
—Associated Advertising.
76 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16. 1920<br />
Has the Spirit for Achievement Through<br />
Associated Efforts in Training and Success<br />
Midland Club's New President<br />
When a man shows the generosity to take a leadership with all its responsibility,<br />
those in the field are ready to pay tribute to making his acquaintance. In response<br />
to an invitation to give something on his entrance to the furnace industry, J. M. Trigg,<br />
the new president of the Midland Club, has taken those in the field generously into<br />
his confidence.<br />
IT is with pleasure that I acknowledge your congratulations<br />
and expressions of good will on the<br />
event of my having been honored with the position<br />
of president of the Midland Club. In compliance<br />
with your request you have my portrait, although I<br />
am not very strong on publicity, but have no obj ection<br />
in this event. I feel that I have been highly honored<br />
and am only glad to render such service as I can to<br />
this <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
I did hesitate, however, to accept the position as I<br />
cannot hold a candle to my predecessor, John D.<br />
Green, who has not only been faithful in attendance<br />
at the meetings but has a splendid manner of conducting<br />
the meetings so as to keep up the lively interest<br />
as well as adding a whole lot to the good cheer and<br />
sending the men home in any event feeling that it has<br />
paid them for the time and money spent at the meeting.<br />
However, inasmuch as Mr. Green had retired<br />
from the furnace field and it was felt that something<br />
should be relieved, of course there was nothing else<br />
to do but select a new president, and, as I was the<br />
vice-president for several years, naturally was promoted<br />
to the higher position.<br />
I am very anxious for the success of the Midland<br />
Club during my administration, but feel that its success<br />
will not depend on me alone as every member of<br />
our club is a live wire and any one of them could preside<br />
very graciously should it fall upon them to do so.<br />
Of course, as you know, our secretary, Allen W. Williams,<br />
cannot be excelled in the position which he occupies,<br />
which, after all, is the important one in our<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
Others as well as yourself may be interested in<br />
my early connection with the furnace industry. I<br />
might say briefly that I have been more or less inter<br />
Early<br />
Connection<br />
zvith Industry<br />
senior, and I,<br />
ested in this business for the past 35<br />
years. I began as a hardware clerk<br />
at the age of 14 years, at which time<br />
we would occasionally sell a wood<br />
furnace. My brother, 5 years my<br />
installed a steel furnace in our home<br />
when we were quite young men, using a steel boiler<br />
for the fire box and made our radiators out of 9-in<br />
smoke pipe. It worked very satisfactorily so far as<br />
producing was concerned, but consumed quite a large<br />
amount of 4-ft. wood which we did not appreciate, as<br />
it was our job to keep the furnace supplied with fuel<br />
However, it answered our purpose for a number of<br />
years, until I became interested in the manufacture<br />
of furnaces, at which time we replaced the old steel<br />
boiler furnace with a modern coal-burning furnace,<br />
which is still serving its purpose in the same residence.<br />
After several years' experience as clerk I became<br />
The Plant<br />
in Huntington,<br />
Ind.<br />
President J. M. Trig-g<br />
ambitious to engage in the manufacturing business<br />
and an opportunity presented for me to <strong>org</strong>anize and<br />
take charge of a small furnace foundry located in<br />
Michigan.<br />
This business grew to some extent and I found it<br />
necessary to secure larger quarters where I could manufacture<br />
to a better advantage and decided on the<br />
present location in Huntington, Ind.,<br />
where the present plant was erected<br />
and began operations in 1907. We have<br />
built up a nice furnace business which<br />
. .u .u , re P resents ab °ut one-half of our industry,<br />
the other half being taken up with our Building<br />
Specialty Department in the manufacture of Majestic<br />
coal chutes garbage receivers and milk and package<br />
receivers We have recently perfected and placed on<br />
deMrfS,1 ° Ur DUP16X h6atin S S ? stem -hlch I am<br />
lit \l Say I S pr ° vin S a w °nderful success.<br />
felt tha. ^ PiP if^ fUrnaCe firSt became P°P ular > <br />
felt that we could have a heating system that would<br />
idTa P R:if hit W U h ° U t -P.-ngfhe'original pipTe ss<br />
dea Realizing some of the disadvantages of a floor<br />
level pipeless register, we designed, perfected and pat-
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 77<br />
ented our system, using an upright register to discharge<br />
the warm air into the room and for taking back<br />
at each end of the register the cold air from the room.<br />
We are not only attaching this improvement to our<br />
own furnaces, but are furnishing our outfits to several<br />
large firms which are using it in connection with their<br />
production, and they report to us that they also are<br />
having success.<br />
As to the Midland Club, I attended the first meeting<br />
that was held in the Auditorium Hotel in Chicago, under<br />
direction of Mr. Jones, who was one<br />
One of of the original <strong>org</strong>anizers of the Midland<br />
the First Club. Our company has been a member<br />
Members of the Club ever since its <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
and has usually had some one in attendance<br />
at the meetings. Personally I have obtained<br />
from this club many desirable ideas. I rarely attended<br />
a meeting when some idea has not been presented<br />
that would make the time well spent.<br />
I prize more highly, however, the acquaintances I<br />
have made of the manufacturers of warm-air furnaces<br />
in the Middle West, many of whom I feel are personal<br />
friends. Had it not been for my association with the<br />
Midland Club, I never would have had an opportunity<br />
to make their acquaintance and I realize that a fine<br />
bunch of men constitute the head of the furnace manufacturers,<br />
not only in the Middle West but throughout<br />
the United States. The exchange of ideas and<br />
different papers and talks that we have been privileged<br />
to hear have been very beneficial to me as well<br />
as to other members of the Club.<br />
Since its <strong>org</strong>anization I do not know of any member<br />
who has been in any way dissatisfied or withdrawn<br />
his membership. On the other hand I have noticed<br />
a steady growth and in every instance the new<br />
niembers have become as enthusiastic as those who<br />
have had the privilege of being members for a longer<br />
time. At our last meeting we had the largest attendance<br />
of members which we ever had, which shows the<br />
fine spirit and good interest in the <strong>org</strong>anization and<br />
the steady growth.<br />
The outlook for the warm-air furnace industry, I<br />
feel, shows a very great future. Hardly a modern<br />
house is planned but there is some kind of a heating<br />
plant installed in it, and with the lm-<br />
Our Good provement in installation. And I feel<br />
Influence there are many ways of bettering the<br />
on Industry construction of furnaces. The warmair<br />
furnace industry has acquired a<br />
much better reputation than it had at the time of the<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization of our club. This, I feel, is largely due<br />
to many articles that have been published in METAL<br />
WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER along the lines<br />
of better installation work. This is due to the fact<br />
that the dealers in warm-air furnaces have realized<br />
that in order to install a plant to give universal results,<br />
it must be sufficiently large and the cold air<br />
circulation must be properly taken care of to obtain<br />
the desired results. I refer more particularly to that<br />
class of residence that requires a pipe installation.<br />
In regard to the pipeless furnace I am sure that in<br />
many instances it is a success where the building is<br />
properly constructed or planned to be heated in this<br />
manner. But the dealers who have made a study of<br />
the proper circulation are being very careful as to<br />
how they would recommend the installation of a pipe<br />
less furnace. They are using good judgment in installing<br />
pipeless furnaces only in such residences or<br />
buildings in which they can render good results. It<br />
is not a possible thing to make a pipeless furnace answer<br />
all different conditions.<br />
I feel that dealers are guarding against errors that<br />
might creep in and that they are more careful in their<br />
guarantee than when the pipeless furnace was first<br />
introduced.<br />
Furnace Dealers I was very much interested in the<br />
More Careful article based on the letter from an<br />
English heating contractor to METAL<br />
WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER which was<br />
read before the meeting and which appeared in the<br />
issue of July 2. The manufacturer requested information<br />
pertaining to the successful installation of warmair<br />
heating in this country and in which he stated<br />
that the English people had not really accepted the<br />
warm-air furnace as a residence heater, due to the<br />
fact that they considered them insanitary and permitted<br />
dust to circulate through the house. He also<br />
stated that the English people preferred an open fire<br />
to a warm-air furnace on account of the dust and dirt.<br />
My thought in connection with this letter is that, if<br />
it would be possible for the American people now<br />
enjoying the comforts of splendidly heated homes by<br />
means of warm-air furnaces, when the furnaces are<br />
carefully installed, to tell their experience to English<br />
home-makers, there would be a great demand for<br />
proper warm-air heating plants in England. To compare<br />
an open fire in the matter of cleanliness, which<br />
we all realize means cold corners of the room and<br />
only warmth that radiates directly from the fire, with<br />
a well-planned inside air circulating warm-air system,<br />
would be decidedly in favor of the warm-air lieating<br />
system, both as to satisfactory heat and cleanliness.<br />
To be able to demonstrate the advantages no doubt<br />
would take some effort and several years of hard<br />
work to overcome what would seem to me to be a<br />
prejudice on the part of the English people.<br />
While I feel that there has been great progress<br />
made in the perfection of a warm-air heating system,<br />
yet I am sure we will see more improvement from<br />
time to time and I am confident that the warm-air<br />
heating industry in this country will be universally<br />
used for residence purposes, as well as for ordinarysized<br />
store rooms, small churches, and buildings of<br />
suitable character that require a central station heating<br />
system. It was not my intention to write at such<br />
length but I feel that many besides yourself will be<br />
interested in my thoughts on the furnace business.<br />
In closing, I send you a most hearty invitation to<br />
visit our city and look over our plant, which is not a<br />
large one, but which, I feel, is up to date. At the<br />
first opportunity I shall accept your invitation to call<br />
upon you.<br />
If you own your little home, and by economizing<br />
are able to buy the house next door to rent out, is it<br />
good sense for you to give the other house to some<br />
fellow for nothing, when you earned the money by<br />
hard work—while the other fellow who wants you to<br />
divide with him, laid off and talked and talked about<br />
the d robbing capitalist?<br />
It can't be done. —An American Workman.
78 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTEE July 16. 1920<br />
Molders Have I ^ot Surrendered<br />
Any Jurisdiction Over Their Trade<br />
The agreement entered into with the Stove Found There is nothing in the position which the Interers'<br />
National Defense Association last December, national Molders' Union has taken which is intended<br />
which provided for the shaking out, trimming of cast to interfere with the rights of any other <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
ings and wetting and cutting of the sand without cost On the other hand, it is advisable before any compli<br />
to the molder, has, saj's the International Molders'<br />
Journal, established a condition which makes it necessary<br />
that the Iron Molders' LTnion of North America<br />
should definitely define its position upon certain<br />
questions which already have arisen and which may<br />
arise again in the future.<br />
When this agreement was entered into, it did not<br />
include any surrender of the molder's right to shake<br />
out his work, trim his castings and cut over his sand.<br />
The agreement does not mean that the<br />
Provisions Molders' Union surrendered to others<br />
of Agreement any part of the molder's trade. The<br />
agreement provides that this work will<br />
be done for the molder without charge, and it further<br />
provides that, when laborers cannot be secured<br />
to do this work, the molder is to do it himself, and for<br />
this to receive an extra compensation, the amount of<br />
compensation being provided for by agreement.<br />
One or two instances have occurred where firms<br />
were unable to secure shakers out and sand cutters,<br />
or where those so employed quit work. The condition<br />
which was created makes it most essential that<br />
the position of the Iron Molders' Union of North<br />
America should be clearly and definitely defined. A<br />
ruling has been made by Acting President Keough,<br />
which in turn has been endorsed by the Executive<br />
Board, which provides that:<br />
The substance and intent of the present agreement<br />
is that in foundries, members of the Stove Founders'<br />
National Defense Association, the molder's work will<br />
be shook out, his castings trimmed and his sand cut,<br />
and that where for any reason this is not done, the<br />
molder is to be paid additional compensation as provided<br />
for in the agreement for doing this work.<br />
There is in existence an <strong>org</strong>anization of foundry<br />
laborers. It is natural to expect that men employed<br />
to shake out and cut sand may become members.<br />
The Molders' Union has never had any unfriendly<br />
feeling toward the International Brotherhood of<br />
Foundry Employes. In more than one instance the<br />
officers of the Molders' Union have as-<br />
Feeling sisted the International Brotherhood of<br />
of Union Foundry Employes in securing an ad-<br />
Friendly justment of their grievances and they<br />
intend to maintain this friendly attitude.<br />
The International Brotherhood of Foundry Employees<br />
has never claimed jurisdiction over the<br />
shaking out of work and the cutting over of sand.<br />
They recognize that this was as much a part of the<br />
molder's trade as drawing patterns or pouring iron;<br />
that it had been a part of the molder's trade from the<br />
very beginning of the foundry industry.<br />
The action which the acting-president and the executive<br />
board have just taken is an indication that the<br />
International Molders' Union is not surrendering any<br />
of its jurisdiction.<br />
cations arise, that our membership should be made<br />
well acquainted with the fact that no part of the<br />
molders' trade has been waived or surrendered, and<br />
that when, for any reason, men employed to shake<br />
out and cut over sand fail to do this work, the molder<br />
will do work he formerly did as a part of his trade.<br />
The question may be raised whether this is fair to<br />
the laborers who have been employed to shake out and<br />
cut sand and who have quit. In connection with this<br />
it is necessary to bear this distinction in mind, that<br />
the molder doing work which he always has done and<br />
which is a part of his trade, occupies an entirely different<br />
position from the laborer who, when a strike<br />
of foundry laborers occurs, acts as a strikebreaker<br />
and takes the striker's place.<br />
It is natural to assume that questions will arise<br />
over the quitting of laborers who have been shaking<br />
out and cutting sand who are members of the International<br />
Brotherhood of Foundry Employees, and,<br />
consistent with its lifelong policy, the International<br />
policy, the International Molders' Union<br />
Questions will endeavor to adjust these questions<br />
Certain to upon their merit, and with evenhanded<br />
Come Up justice to everyone concerned. When such<br />
questions arise, however, they cannot be<br />
settled or passed upon by the members of the <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
locally, except in conformity with the laws,<br />
agreements and policies of the I. M. U. of N. A. The<br />
principles involved and the method of applying them<br />
can only be determined by conventions of the International<br />
Molders' Union or by negotiations between<br />
the officers of the International Molders' Union and<br />
any other <strong>org</strong>anization which has an interest.<br />
The action of the executive board, whicli has just<br />
been referred to, is the present policy affecting membership<br />
and they will undoubtedly be guided accordingly.<br />
Reads Because of Benefit<br />
The following extracts are from a letter received<br />
for H. G. Felser, Harrisburg. Pa.<br />
Enclosed you will find money order for renewal of my<br />
subscription for the coming year. I wish to thank METAL<br />
WORKER, PICMUER AND STEAM FITTER for the valuable<br />
advice, information and special article which I have found<br />
in this valuable magazine for the past two years. I am<br />
connected with a first class sheet metal establishment and<br />
have need for aid.<br />
I find lots of information in vour paper and have been<br />
greatly indebted to it for the' information on pattern<br />
cutting and designing. I have a number of pattern cutting<br />
books, but the best of them all is the new METAL WORKEE<br />
Pattern Book of which there is none better. I am always<br />
looking for something new and am agreeably surprised<br />
frequently by something which I can turn to profitable<br />
account.<br />
Please put lots of good things into the paper for the<br />
coming year.—
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 79<br />
This is the ..lace to submit your per<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
plexing problems---the Place to<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
SERVKErlSXKATIS<br />
FROM JERSEYMAN.—Kindly advise me what to do<br />
with a horizontal exposed line of 2-in. extra heavy<br />
cast iron pipe suspended from a ceiling<br />
Trouble in a cellar that is used as a drain for ice<br />
with Pipes boxes, soda-water fountains, etc. This<br />
Sweating drain pipe sweats water so freely and in<br />
quantities that it may become impossible<br />
to use the cellar. This drain has several connections<br />
and is about 40 ft. long.<br />
FROM A. E. D., CHICAGO.—I am glad to reply to<br />
"W. H. F." whose inquiry appeared in the issue of<br />
May 4 that humidity will not cause rust of heater or<br />
heater pipes. I installed a circular,<br />
Will Humid- not round, automatically fed evaporat-<br />
Hy Cause ing pan around the outer chamber of<br />
Rust? the radiator of my furnace about 7<br />
years ago. During the winter weather<br />
it evaporated from 5 to 15 gal. of water per day and<br />
there is no sign of the rusting of the pipes, which are<br />
made of IX coke tin.<br />
FROM C. S., BROOKLYN—Having read the inquiry<br />
of "W. H." in the issue of July 9, I am glad to come<br />
to the aid of a fellow citizen, so to speak. I have<br />
had experience in furnace work pretty well around<br />
the country and believe in installing things large<br />
enough, so I enclose a plan showing<br />
How Should<br />
Furnace Job be<br />
Rearranged?<br />
how I would do the work. I assume<br />
from the plan "W. H." submits<br />
that the house is one of a row<br />
and wind can blow right through<br />
between two houses and create all kinds of air currents<br />
so as to draw the air out of the cold air supply<br />
or blow it in as the case may be. Consequently<br />
return air ducts from the inside of the building would<br />
be better than the outside air supply. I indicate<br />
on my plan where I would locate the furnace and how<br />
I would pipe it. It is better to put a separate pipe<br />
to the dining room and to the kitchen. I would use<br />
a 12 in. pipe to the parlor, as it is on the west and<br />
has the coldest exposure. I assume that the north<br />
wall also is cold. This will insure that room being<br />
warm. I would run a 9-in. pipe to the hall so as to<br />
be sure of getting it warm enough, a 10-in. pipe to<br />
the dining room; a 10-in. pipe to the stock that heats<br />
the rooms on the upper floor and would not enlarge<br />
this pipe as is suggested. A furnace with a 24-in.<br />
grate is large enough to carry this number of pipes,<br />
particularly when a return air supply is being used.<br />
Then I would take a 9-in pipe from a 10 x 12-in<br />
register in the kitchen and run it along on the ceiling<br />
until it was near the dining room return air register,<br />
which I would put in the corner and run a 10-in. pipe<br />
so that the two would connect into a 10 x 16-in.<br />
duct on the'eellar ceiling and run it on to the furnace.<br />
From the front of the house I would take a 14-in.<br />
return air pipe from a register near the entrance<br />
door and inside of the parlor I would take a 12-in.<br />
pipe from a register near the hall door and connect<br />
the two into a 10 x 30 in. return air duct running it<br />
to the furnace. In this way there would be as good<br />
a circulation of air through the house as could be<br />
• expected and the cold air would be taken away at<br />
points where it would be likely to accumulate, and<br />
_ . /
80 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16. 1920<br />
The Editorial Page<br />
Have You Stock on Hand?<br />
N O immediate relief from the present car shortage<br />
can be promised. This statement is from the<br />
Commission on Car Service of the American Rail<br />
road Association or the Car Service Bureau of the<br />
Interstate Commerce Commission. These two bodies<br />
have entire authority over the disposition of all classes<br />
of rolling stock.<br />
It has been pointed out that there is a million tons<br />
of manufactured iron and steel material in the Pitts<br />
burgh district waiting distribution; also that there is<br />
a possibility of shutting down production- at a time<br />
when it is most needed because of the accumulation<br />
which has clogged the storage facilities with no cost<br />
to move it. Now the pertinent question for every<br />
business man to ask himself is: "Have I enough of all<br />
the various stock that I require to carry on the fall<br />
business, and if not, is it possible for me to get this<br />
stock in hand in time to meet the requirements?"<br />
NECESSARY TO LOOK INTO THE FUTURE<br />
In many instances the smaller tradesmen are not<br />
apt to take tlieir mind off the urgent work that they<br />
are doing to look into the future, but it will be essen<br />
tial that they shall or they will lose profits and busi<br />
ness this fall. In a recent letter a man stated that<br />
he had ordered the materials for a plumbing job on<br />
May 12 and the last of them had arrived on July 1,<br />
through the substitution of some things for others that<br />
he would have preferred to use. This is an indication<br />
that those who have not ordered their stoves, fur<br />
naces, boilers, radiators, bathtubs, earthenware, sheet<br />
metal, and such things as they will need in other small<br />
er specialty lines, will face a strong probability of<br />
being unable to get them, whether or not manufactur<br />
ers have them in stock. The reason is that the rail<br />
roads are not in a position to render anything like<br />
before-the-war service or the service necessary to take<br />
care of the needs of the people.<br />
People who must'travel on the street cars in New<br />
York are threatened with the privilege of walking<br />
because of the possibility that there may not be suffi<br />
cient coal to keep the power stations running. This<br />
coal will be coming into New York along with the<br />
things to eat whether or not the people in our field<br />
get the things they want.<br />
STOCKS WILL NOT REDUCE IN VALUE<br />
There is nothing in the present indications to lead<br />
to the assumption that stock in warehouses or that<br />
whicli a tradesman may purchase will reduce in value<br />
so that he may suffer a loss. There is no question<br />
but that the present high prices will sometime recede,<br />
but very positive assertion is made by men capable of<br />
judging that it will not be this year or improbably<br />
next year.<br />
The facts in the situation which seem to give weight<br />
and strength to this position are that there is no ac<br />
cumulation of boilers, radiators, bathtubs, water clos<br />
ets, sheet iron or tin plate, in the warehouses except<br />
in the congested district where they are produced and<br />
that only in the Pittsburgh district in reference to iron<br />
and steel broadly. In the other lines not produced to<br />
any considerable extent in the Pittsburgh district,<br />
warehouses are not feeling the burden of the output<br />
of the plants. Consequently nobody in the manufac<br />
turing line is likely to be caught with such a prepon<br />
derance of stock on their hands when the new year<br />
opens as will induce them to reduce their prices.<br />
Then another thing which will not warrant any con<br />
siderable recession in prices is that the materials from<br />
which the goods are made are all very much higher<br />
in price than they were earlier in the year. Wages<br />
are higher and materials are higher. Consequentlv<br />
what goes into the warehouse costs more. Overhead<br />
is another element of cost. Very few plants are run<br />
ning full, but the overhead expense continues very<br />
much as if the plant were running 100 per cent. This<br />
overhead expense must be spread over a smaller pro<br />
duction which has the effect of further increasing the<br />
cost. With these conditions those who look for a re<br />
cession in the prices of goods used in our field are not<br />
likelv to receive much encouragement when the need<br />
for the goods becomes imperative.<br />
PREPARE TO SERVE CUSTOMERS<br />
Under the circumstances that have been outlined<br />
above there is every reason for any progressive busi<br />
ness man who is anxious to serve his customers to<br />
spare no effort to get the necessary supplies, to plan<br />
his work so that the small staff which he can secure<br />
will be most effective in disposing of it and give that<br />
treatment, instruction, advice and encouragement to<br />
those who are laboring for him that will keep up a<br />
good feeling and the highest production so that the<br />
greatest number of customers can be taken care of.<br />
This may be something more of a strain on the<br />
American business man than he was called upon to<br />
undergo in former years. However, it is simply the<br />
cult.vatmn of the practices which underlie the work
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 81<br />
of all who have won a generous measure of success.<br />
He must give more thought to his business to make a<br />
good estimate of everything he will require, from<br />
screws and washers to tons of material of _ different<br />
nature. He must arrange to balance his stock so that<br />
it will work out even, clean and profitably.<br />
This is no time for a man to look upon business as<br />
a pastime. It is one of very great burden and active<br />
responsibility and only those who have plenty of courage,<br />
plenty of endurance and plenty of ambition to<br />
work, and work hard, may justly claim a right to<br />
enjoy the reward of their activities. There is no<br />
question but what the manufacturers are sending their<br />
salesmen out with that character of information to<br />
which the true business man will be sure to give consideration,<br />
and, if he does, he will derive from it many<br />
INASMUCH as workmen's compensation was a new<br />
department of the law, and for the first few years<br />
would be in the making, I have made it a point<br />
to keep in touch with the decisions of the various<br />
States in order to see how far the law would go in<br />
executing the most excellent idea which lies at the<br />
bottom of workmen's compensation, viz.: that where<br />
a man is injured or killed in the course of his employment,<br />
keeping him and his family from starving to<br />
death ought to be considered a public duty and figured<br />
in the cost of doing business, which is borne bv<br />
the public in the mass.<br />
Probably every reader of this article is subject to<br />
the workmen's compensation law of his State, and he<br />
will therefore be interested in the report of some recently<br />
decided cases. These cases show that the law<br />
has widely departed from the original idea of workmen's<br />
compensation, which was that a man who caught<br />
his hand in a machine on which he was working, or<br />
was hurt by the explosion of chemicals which he was<br />
handling—in other words, where he was the victim<br />
of some accident growing directly out of his work, he<br />
should be compensated by workmen's compensation<br />
insurance. Read the few sample cases which I report<br />
and see what a difference there is between the<br />
original principle of compensation and the one enforced<br />
now.<br />
It is remarkable how close the States are in workmen's<br />
compensation cases. Recognizing that they<br />
represent, as I have said, a new phase of the law,<br />
they have evidently felt the need of deciding their<br />
cases along the same line. Therefore the following<br />
cases practically represent the general law:<br />
CASE NO. 1—In this case an employer had a man who<br />
delivered goods. While at his regular work he had an<br />
epileptic fit—he was subject to them—fell to the ground<br />
and fractured his skill so that he died. His employer contended<br />
that he was not responsible for compensation insur-<br />
• Copyright Elton J. Buckley.<br />
useful hints as to the course he should pursue.<br />
The business man should stock in now while the<br />
products of the various plants can be shipped and get<br />
it on the railroad so that even though there is a delay<br />
in transportation and a dearth of transportation facilities,<br />
it will at least be on the way and will reach<br />
its destination at a time when it can be u°ed to advantage.<br />
If the man wants profit, he must have the<br />
materials to serve his customers. If he has them he<br />
can without hesitation ask a fair price and select those<br />
who will pay their bills to keep liis men employed.<br />
The time to act is now, whether it be to determine<br />
the stock needed, to order the stock or to canvass for<br />
necessary business so as to know the materials that<br />
will be required and get the orders in for them. Never<br />
was delay more dangerous to the business man than<br />
at the present time.<br />
More Oddities<br />
of Workmen's Compensation Law<br />
By Elton J. Buckley<br />
ance, because epilepsy was not an accident, but a disease.<br />
The court, however, held that the driver was entitled to<br />
compensation.<br />
CASE NO. 2—In this case another delivery man, while<br />
out on his route, was overtaken by a storm, from which<br />
he sought shelter While there he was killed by a lightning<br />
stroke. The court gave him insurance.<br />
CASE NO. 3—A man employed about a wholesale house<br />
lifted some heavy stuff one day, this being his regular work,<br />
and strained himself. Some time afterward he died of an<br />
abscess on the back. This case was fought hard, but the<br />
court finally held that the abscess might have come from<br />
the strain and allowed insurance.<br />
CASE NO. 4—Two employees of the defendant concern<br />
got to fighting one day and one was seriously injured. The<br />
fight grew out of an order which the injured man had properly<br />
given his assailant, and which the latter resented. One<br />
finds it hard to see where the employer was in any sense<br />
responsible for this, but the court, nevertheless, held that<br />
he was and made him pay the injured employee compensation.<br />
CASE NO. 5—In this case also a driver figured. The delivery<br />
wagon was horse driven, and one day while the<br />
driver was standing over the horse, the animal threw up<br />
his head and struck him in the face. It appears that at<br />
this time the driver was suffering with syphilis, which he<br />
claimed was made worse by the blow. Eventually syphilis<br />
destroyed one of his eyes. The court took this view and<br />
made the employer pay.<br />
CASE NO. 6—A manufacturer of proprietary goods employed<br />
a demonstrator to show goods in a department store.<br />
While proceeding to her place she tripped over a torn rug<br />
and fell heavily, doing herself considerable damage. At first<br />
the referee said this accident did not arise out of the employment,<br />
but the court reversed him and made her employer<br />
pay her $7.50 a week as long as her disability lasted.<br />
CASE NO. 7—Two competitors did business in very friendly<br />
relations in the same town. One day one of them was short<br />
a man and borrowed one from the other. While doing the<br />
work for which he was loaned, on the borrower's premises,<br />
the employee was overcome by gas and killed. At first<br />
glance it would appear as if the dead man's regular employer<br />
should certainly not be held responsible for this,<br />
since the accident didn't even happen on his premises.<br />
Nevertheless, the court said he must pay $10 a week for<br />
500 weeks.<br />
(Continued on page 91)
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
News of the<br />
TRADE ASSOCIATIONS<br />
Work National Trade Extension Bureau<br />
Men WiU Be Put on the Road For Personal Aid of Plumbing<br />
and Heating Contractor<br />
An interesting development of the work of the National<br />
Trade Extension Bureau will be the appearance<br />
of T. E. B. road men who will personally visit the<br />
plumbing and lieating contractors throughout the<br />
country.<br />
These T. E. B. field men will first be chosen from<br />
among the men available who have the necessary knowledge<br />
of the plumbing and lieating trade in a general<br />
way. They will be carefullv instructed upon every<br />
branch of the plumbing and lieating contractors' problems<br />
along lines of thought followed by the bureau.<br />
These road men will thus become competent business<br />
advisors for the plumbing and heating contractor on<br />
almost any possible problem that the contractor might<br />
be bothered with. They will be thoroughly posted upon<br />
T. E. B. methods of estimating, contracting, selling,<br />
and accounting. They will travel constantlv over the<br />
territory assigned them and personallv bring to the<br />
local contractor knowledge of T. E. B. advantages.<br />
By personally visiting the plumbing and heating<br />
contractor from time to time, these T. E. B. field men<br />
will be able to give the contractor the exact detailed<br />
methods of sound business management, which will<br />
completely and safely solve his problems for him.<br />
This exactness of mutual understanding is, of course,<br />
frequently impossible at long range.<br />
It will be the duty of these T. E. B. men to meet<br />
with, and visit the meetings of, local associations of<br />
contractors. At these meetings it will be their duty to<br />
make interesting talks on various phases of T E B<br />
methods and work, with the idea of these talks being<br />
followed by a general and detailed discussion of the<br />
points brought out.<br />
It will also be the duty of these T. E. B. field men<br />
to collect and send into headquarters detailed information<br />
of any new ideas or methods that they find working<br />
practically and successfully.<br />
These T. E. B. men will be put out on the road<br />
covering various territories, just as fast as the proper<br />
men can be found and employed. This is a proposition<br />
that is of absolute first interest to every element<br />
in the industry. You are, therefore, invited to read<br />
the following summary of conditions, etc. If vou know<br />
of any man or men who would satisfactorily 'fulfill the<br />
conditions and needs of this employment with the<br />
National Trade Extension Bureau, you will be doinsr<br />
service to the trade at large by seeing that they are<br />
put in mutual touch.<br />
In the immediate future this bureau will emplov<br />
men to represent T. E. B. in the various territories<br />
throughout the United States.<br />
At this particular time we are seeking recommendations<br />
from the trade direct for the names of men who<br />
can qualify for such positions. If vou know of any<br />
one whom you feel would make a good representative,<br />
kindly advise the bureau by an early mail.<br />
We must have men who are reasonably familiar<br />
with the plumbing and heating business, men who can<br />
assist the plumbing and heating contractor in his business<br />
affairs and advise him on the many complex problems<br />
that normally arise in the plumbing and lieating<br />
business. We must have men who, with a short training,<br />
will be competent to teach the plumbing and heating<br />
contractor T. E. B. system of estimating, accounting<br />
and selling.<br />
These men must be able to give illustrated talks<br />
at association meetings, and must be in a position to<br />
spend a greater part of their time away from home.<br />
For the present, they will be required to cover from<br />
three to five States, but this territory will gradually<br />
diminish as more men are added to the field force. All<br />
applications must be accompanied with the following<br />
information:<br />
1. Give tlu- names of at least seven contractors locate<br />
in different cities to whom we can refer as to the ability<br />
of the applicant.<br />
2. Give the names of at least three supply houses who<br />
are intimately acquainted with the applicant.<br />
3. State the number of years associated with the plumbing<br />
and heating business.<br />
4-. State the nature of such affiliation.<br />
5. State experience in making public talks.<br />
6. State experience in accounting.<br />
~. State experience in selling.<br />
8. State age.<br />
9. Married or single.<br />
10. Home address.<br />
11. Salary desired.<br />
\-2. Present occupation.<br />
The function of these field men will be to thoroughly<br />
study and master all of the educational work<br />
conducted by the Trade Extension Bureau, and to<br />
make personal calls on all plumbing and heating contractors<br />
in their territory in order to explain to the<br />
trade any part of the Trade Extension work that the<br />
contractor does not thoroughly understand.<br />
At regular intervals they will be required to give<br />
illustrated talks at headquarters of all local associa-<br />
>ns in their territory. All applications must be in<br />
August to be considered.<br />
Who is the best man you know to fill this place?<br />
Your advice will be appreciated.<br />
American Society of Sanitary Engineers'<br />
Headquarters<br />
In order to make proper arrangements for the meet-<br />
m l°l -n _ De _ 1C , a i 1 S ° Ciety 0f Sa tary Engineering,<br />
which will be he d in St. Louis, on September 7, 8<br />
Stephen A. Gilmore as chariman of the arrangement<br />
committee.<br />
s ^ < ~" 1 '<br />
Mr. Gilmore has already announced that arrangements<br />
have been made to hold the meeting on the top<br />
floor of the American Annex Hotel, on the southeast<br />
corner of Sixth and Market Streets, St. Louis. Those<br />
Mm m / e "V°M b \ PreSent at this meeting can address<br />
him at 215 North Tenth Street, St. Louis, Mo to<br />
make any arrangements for them that they may desire
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 83<br />
whether it be the reservation of rooms by those who<br />
come to attend the meeting or some other preparations<br />
and arrangements for those who intend to display different<br />
kinds of plumbing fixtures or make other displays<br />
at the meeting.<br />
CHICAGO STEAM FITTERS' OUTING<br />
Egg and Spoon Race Won by Mrs. N. P. Nul ler.<br />
J. P. Dugger and F. Casey and Glennon. Jim Doherty Still<br />
W. Lamb — Um- The Water Boys — Hitting Homers<br />
pires Who Decid- at 65. L. R. Tayed<br />
Correctly. lor, Baseball or<br />
Golf, All the<br />
Same.<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s National Administration<br />
in Action<br />
New Headquarters in Philadelphia Directs Attention<br />
of Members to Trade Extension Movement<br />
The biennial agreement with the manufacturers of<br />
the sanitary branch expires Nov. 1. Resolutions<br />
adopted at the Atlantic City convention will be discussed<br />
at a joint conference with the committees of<br />
tlie Brotherhood and the Sanitary Potters' Association<br />
some time in September.<br />
The workers received an average increase of 15 per<br />
cent, two years ago and an additional 10 per cent.<br />
since. Further advances are expected to be granted.<br />
The Telephone Directory Committee reported that<br />
it was unable to obtain a conference with any of the<br />
To Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, Members of the National Association. representatives of the various directories.<br />
GREETINGS: We are now entered upon the active administration<br />
of your affairs, having opened the National office<br />
at 108 South Twentieth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. This office<br />
is in charge of John F. Whitaker, executive clerk, and all<br />
future communications should be sent to this address. Within<br />
a short time the names of directors and members of<br />
standing committees will be announced through the columns<br />
of the trade press.<br />
It is our intention to make an energetic effort during this<br />
term for a substantial increase in members and we invite<br />
your co-operation in making this a decided success. We<br />
recommend to your attention the Trade Extension movement.<br />
The convention has given this work its heartiest approval.<br />
It is a valuable asset to the contractor and we must<br />
use it ourselves and bring it to the attention of the nonmembers.<br />
W'e will from time to time advise you of the work of the<br />
N'ational Association from this office and we ask that you cooperate<br />
with us in building a bigger association.<br />
Fraternally,<br />
D. F. DURKIN, JR.,<br />
President.<br />
National Brotherhood of Operative<br />
Potters Meet<br />
Resolutions Adopted at Thirtieth Annnal Convention<br />
Held in Atlantic City to Be Discussed<br />
in September<br />
The thirtieth annual convention of the National<br />
Brotherhood of Operative Potters has closed in Atlantic<br />
City, where approximately 100 propositions were<br />
heard, including requests for advances in prices from<br />
25 to 50 per cent.<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Association<br />
of Milwaukee<br />
Outing of Association Arranged to Be Held at Nequon,<br />
i •"• | on the Second Wednesday in August<br />
The July meeting of the Association of Master<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors of Milwaukee was presided<br />
over by Vice-President John Graf, as President Hoffman<br />
was making an automobile tour to the Atlantic<br />
Coast.<br />
The minutes were read and approved, and the register<br />
showed 21 members in attendance. A communication<br />
from the national secretary on the Trade Development<br />
Committee, also a monthly report of the<br />
Xational Association were read.<br />
John Bogenberger of the License Committee made<br />
an exhaustive report regarding the meeting with the<br />
Council Committee and the Council Committee being<br />
unable to arrive at a final decision, it was again laid<br />
over to the next meeting which will be held the first<br />
Wednesday in September.<br />
William Hamman of the Picnic Committee reported<br />
that the grounds for the annual outing could be had<br />
at any time agreed upon by the association.<br />
On motion made by John Bogenberger and seconded<br />
by William Hamman, it was voted that the outing<br />
be held at the usual place in Mequon on August 11,<br />
1920, the second Wednesday in August.<br />
Henry Bartelt made-an excellent report on the Peoria<br />
convention. Some very interesting subjects were<br />
brought up by him to the association and from his report<br />
the national convention must have been a great<br />
success.<br />
Protection for Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors<br />
Suggested<br />
Roofers' and Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Business Men's Club Inc.,<br />
Issue Helpful Bulletin.<br />
Loyalty to associations would be more gratifying<br />
if a larger number of officials followed the course of<br />
President M. F. Westergren of the Roofers' and Sheet<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Business Men's Club, Inc., 47 West Fortysecond<br />
Street, New York City. He reads METAL<br />
WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER and in a bulletin<br />
to the members, under date of July 13, the following<br />
appears:
84 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
DEAR SIRS:<br />
Two articles of great significance appear in the July 9<br />
issue of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER:<br />
Page 39—Provisions to Protect Building Contractors.<br />
Page 43—What the Words "In Full to Date" on a Check<br />
Amount To.<br />
Both items contain valuable information. Don't isnore<br />
them.<br />
With reference to the item on Page 39, don't you think<br />
it would be well that a sub-contractor's standard contract<br />
form be adopted based on the changed conditions that now<br />
prevail? The offices of the Club are cheerfully offered for<br />
the instigation and the consummation of such a purpose.<br />
Your views on this matter are earnestly solicited, whether<br />
you are a member or not. Your help toward effecting this<br />
move will be gladly accepted.<br />
New England Golf Meet<br />
Close Competition at Wannamoisett Country Club<br />
at July Gathering<br />
So close was the competition in the New England<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Products Golf Association meeting for July at<br />
the Wannamoisett Country Club that ties resulted for<br />
second position in both morning and afternoon tournaments.<br />
As a result of these ties, the prizes went to<br />
the winners of the play-offs, but W. G. Eddy presented<br />
the losers each with half a dozen golf balls.<br />
J. A. Gammons was the winner of the morning<br />
events with a net of 82. Mr. Gammons played without<br />
a handicap and his approaches were watched with<br />
interest by other players. E. O. Chase was the winner<br />
of the afternoon matches with a net of 84 and a<br />
handicap of 14. Mr. Gammons made the round in<br />
the afternoon with another 82, but as he had captured<br />
first morning prize he waived honors to the afternoon<br />
trophy.<br />
Following are the scores:<br />
MORNING<br />
net<br />
*__. O. Chase 104- - 14 _= 90<br />
S. C. Cutter 109- -15= 94<br />
H. L. Doten<br />
W. J. Eddy<br />
*J. A. Gammons.... 82--<br />
0= S2<br />
- llj = 90<br />
R. Greenlaw 106 -<br />
-IS = 85<br />
W. A. Griffiths ... 103<br />
-24 =100<br />
W. F. Hubbard .. 124 --<br />
3 = 83<br />
tW. H. Hunter.... S0-<br />
J. L. Kenyon ....<br />
AFTERNOON<br />
net<br />
98 — 14= 84<br />
115 — 15=100<br />
110 — 12=104<br />
128 — 24=104<br />
82 — 0 = 82<br />
107 — 16= 91<br />
105 — 18= S~<br />
128 — 24 =104<br />
97— 3= 94<br />
92 — 3 = 89<br />
s<br />
H. D. Nickerson..<br />
TC. A. Pastene<br />
S. B. Reed<br />
R. E. Sargent ....<br />
L. W. Smith<br />
W. F. Stearns ...<br />
W. H. Thayer ...<br />
H. W. Thorndike.<br />
W. M. Trafton ..<br />
* Prize winners.<br />
108 — 14 = 94<br />
97 — 14== 83<br />
104 — 14= 90<br />
102 — 12 = 90<br />
121 — 14 —107<br />
109 — 18= 91<br />
98 — 6 = 92<br />
121 — 24= 97<br />
No card<br />
t Winners of tie for second prize.<br />
109 — 14 = 95<br />
No card<br />
No card<br />
104 —12 = 92<br />
No card<br />
*105 —18 = 87<br />
104— 6= 98<br />
136 — 24=112<br />
130 — 24 =106<br />
Southern Stove Manufacturers Plan<br />
Meeting in Cleveland<br />
Quarterly Gathering First to Be Held Above<br />
the Mason and Dixon Line<br />
The regular quarterly meeting of the Southern Association<br />
will be held Aug. 30 to Sept. 1 in Cleveland,<br />
Ohio, as a result of the invitation from S. H. Jacobs,<br />
vice-president of the Fanner Mfg. Co., Cleveland,<br />
Ohio.<br />
This is the first time that a quarterly meeting has<br />
been held north of the Mason and Dixon line.<br />
For Further Service<br />
To continue the service to our readers that has<br />
brought gratifying recognition that it is appreciated<br />
as widely helpful, an acquisition to our staff is presented<br />
in H. A. Call, who will be the associate editor.<br />
Mr. Call comes from the ranks of practical tradesmen,<br />
having handled the tools in the plumbing and<br />
steam fitting trades and successfully conducted a business,<br />
but has entered the journalistic field with a view<br />
to giving his talent a wider usefulness. His experience<br />
included management of the equipment of some large<br />
government undertakings during the war.<br />
His training and experience will now be devoted to<br />
the fields in which our record has been one of benefit<br />
to many leaders in tiie various trades. His activities<br />
come at a time when plans for a special service to<br />
aid in the development to merchandising and selling<br />
talent among men of splendid other qualifications have<br />
been completed and will soon be put into execution<br />
with his aid.<br />
WHO WAS WHO AT THE NATIONALASSOCIATION OF SHEET METAL CONTRACTORS' CONVENTION<br />
Comm.ttee Chairmen and Officers- PEORIA, ILL., JUNE 8-11<br />
Julius Gerock, E L Seabrook. A. John Bogenberger telling John Millen Louis Hoff Pres . ident . and Secretary P.nji. State<br />
P Lamneck, Paul Brandstedt, P. man and Henrv Bartelt about Peoria Association. H. T. Bantham, Wilkes<br />
jonnso.i. earre; \\ . _. Angermever, Pittsburgh.
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 85<br />
CURRENT NOTES of<br />
ALL THE TRADES<br />
PERSONAL NOTES<br />
JAMES H. MCGAW of the Philadelphia branch of the<br />
Richardson & Boynton Co., New York City, is on a<br />
vacation and in his itinerary made a stop in New<br />
York with a visit to our office. He naturally spoke<br />
of some fine furnace work in the vicinity of Philadelphia<br />
in which the Perfect furnaces are being<br />
used.<br />
J. J. COSGROVE is making a trip among the houses<br />
handling plumbing supplies that will include those<br />
across New York State, along the lakes to Chicago<br />
and to St. Louis and return by the Southern route in<br />
the interest of the new flexible flange for connecting<br />
the new shortened outlet horn water closet with the<br />
house drains. It is made by the Cosgrove-Cosgrove<br />
Mfg. Co., Rutherford, N. J., and was shown on<br />
Page 20 of the issue of July 2.<br />
R. PERCIVAL SMITH, of David Colville & Sons Co.,<br />
well-known steel manufacturer of Scotland, is now<br />
in the United States.<br />
SHEET METAL INDUSTRY<br />
THE MODERN SHEET METAL & WELDING WORKS,<br />
1934 Pasadena Avenue, Los Angeles, have been <strong>org</strong>anized<br />
to manufacture sheet metal, iron and other<br />
products. H. V, Payne, 2726 Mozart Street, heads<br />
the company.<br />
JONES BROS., 198-200 Povilar Avenue, Memphis,<br />
Tenn., for many years active in sheet metal trade,<br />
are giving special attention these days to blow-pipe<br />
work for cotton gins, stave mills, etc.<br />
A. W. BURDICK CO., 105 South Second Street, Memphis,<br />
Tenn., is an old-established firm at same location<br />
but with more life than ever in 1920 on sheet<br />
metal, roofing and furnace heating, having numerous<br />
contracts in hand.<br />
W. L. EICHBERG, located at 189 Jefferson Avenue,<br />
Memphis, was established in 1824 and is almost<br />
as old as the city as a firm. It is the old Eichberg &<br />
Lang firm. Skylight, blow-pipe work, furnace heating<br />
is its line.<br />
LEFLAR & CULLEY, doing sheet metal, tin and radiator<br />
work, are now located at 396-398 Monroe Avenue,<br />
Memphis, Tenn.<br />
TARR & Co., 157 North Third Street, Memphis, Tenn.,<br />
in addition to sheet metal activities in general, is<br />
specializing on radiator and fender work. Mr.<br />
Tarr is a fine draughtsman.<br />
FRANK B. CLAYTON'S SONS, 1227 North Eleventh<br />
Street, Philadelphia, sheet metal works, have filed<br />
plans for a one-story addition.<br />
THOSE WHO WORK IN HEAVY PLATE or plates of any<br />
grade from the thinnest rolled to 1 in. in thickness<br />
will be interested in the Quickwork rotary shears<br />
made by the Quickwork Co., St. Mary's, Ohio. Catalog<br />
No. 60 is devoted particularly to the heavier<br />
shears and shows the various indicator devices as<br />
well as the disc shearing blades in their place of<br />
operation to cut heavy sheets so as to leave a finished<br />
edge. In addition to the halftone engravings<br />
showing the machines, the text describing in detail<br />
just how they are constructed to accomplish their<br />
work, there are letters from a number of shipbuilding<br />
concerns and similar workers of heavy plate<br />
bearing testimony of the splendid service from the<br />
Quickwork shears, whether cutting to a tangent or<br />
to a straight line. This is only one line of the sheet<br />
metal working machines made by the concern and<br />
whether a man is engaged in cornice and skylight<br />
work or some other branch of sheet metal production,<br />
he can lay his needs before the company and<br />
have in return full particulars about the machines<br />
they make adapted for the service.<br />
THE AEROIL BURNER Co., INC., 400 Main Street,<br />
Union Hill. N. J., is distributing through the sheet<br />
metal trade literature showing a furnace for use<br />
under deep slag kettles whether for roofing, road<br />
building or any other place where asphalt and similar<br />
materials must be supplied for the work in<br />
hand. The outfit burns kerosene oil. makes an intense<br />
heat, is said to be proof against fire, and can<br />
be furnished in a variety of styles wliich are shown<br />
by means of halftone engravings on the literature<br />
distributed by the company.<br />
WICKWIRE-SPENCER STEEL CORP., Worcester, Mass.,<br />
and 120 Broadway, New York City, announces the<br />
production of glazed white enameled "Natwire"<br />
bathroom fixtures such as door hooks, tumbler, soap<br />
and tooth brush holders and towel bars, at popular<br />
prices. These fixtures are made of drawn steel wire<br />
and the enamel is guaranteed not to chip or discolor.<br />
Inquiries from the trade are invited.<br />
Record Wages for Sheet Mill <strong>Worker</strong>s<br />
For the Julv-August period, sheet mill workers will<br />
receive an advance of 21 per cent, in wages over the<br />
rate paid in May and June, following the bi-monthly<br />
examination of sales sheets. The settlement, at the<br />
meeting of representatives of mills and men in Youngstown,<br />
Ohio, established a wage rate 108 per cent.<br />
above the base, the highest in the history of the industry.<br />
The examination disclosed an average invoiced<br />
advance in selling price on Nos. 26, 27 and 28gage<br />
black sheets shipped during the preceding 60<br />
days of 70 cents over the price of two months ago.<br />
Wages advance \ x /2 per cent, for each five cents per<br />
100 pounds. The increase in selling price above the<br />
base of average selling price of a box of 100 pounds<br />
of coke tin plate prime sheets was $7.40, the same<br />
as at the last bi-monthly settlement, but under the new<br />
wage agreement tin mill workers were advanced 9%<br />
per cent, on the basis effective from July 1. Under<br />
this rate they will be paid 87% per cent, above the<br />
base of $3.50.
86 METAL WORKER PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
Good Work For T. E. B.<br />
There are few more progressive business concerns<br />
than the Barrett Hardware Co., of Joliet, Illinois,<br />
which, in addition to being jobbers and retailers of<br />
shelf and heavy hardware, factory and mill supplies,<br />
also handles stoves, and contracts for tinning and<br />
sheet metal work, steam and hot water and furnace<br />
work.<br />
In reply to a letter, F. M. Bray, of that concern,<br />
under date of July 7. had a work to say about the<br />
Trrade Extension Bureau, that states:<br />
Answering your kind favor of June 28, would say that<br />
neither lack of inclination nor fear of heat prostration kept<br />
me from inflicting on you my gems of thought, but rather<br />
the fact that with the same <strong>org</strong>anization which thought it<br />
was busy two years ago, we are now handling a volume of<br />
sales of 50 per cent, greater, and as you know, with the<br />
present difficulties of securing supplies, this does not furnish<br />
much time for other occupation.<br />
We are certainly wise to the Trade Extension Bureau,<br />
and carefully read its literature, in fact, we subscribed for<br />
and received two copies of the Bulletin, one for filing and<br />
the other for clipping, as a convenience in preparing ads.<br />
Perhaps later in the year may have time to think of somethins<br />
when you will hear from me.<br />
FURNACE AND STOVE TRADE<br />
THE WEIR STOVE CO., Taunton, Mass will erect a onestory,<br />
35 x 115 ft., brick foundry and a three-story<br />
addition, 70 x 100 ft., to its plant.<br />
THE A. J. LINDERMANN & HOVERSON Co., Milwaukee,<br />
manufacturers of stoves and ranges, will build a<br />
one-story addition, 60 x 82 ft., costing $35,000. with<br />
new equipment. The work is in charge of Klug &<br />
Smith, consulting engineers, Mack Block.<br />
THE HOMER FURNACE CO., Coldwater. Mich., has<br />
been compelled to curtail operations, owing to lack<br />
of transportation facilities. The plant is operating<br />
only three days a week, and the warehouses are<br />
tilled with furnaces awaiting shipment.<br />
O. H. HENDRICKS, formerly connected with Hendricks<br />
& Weatherall, has retired from that connection<br />
and started a business of his own at 1466 Lamar<br />
Avenue, Memphis, Tenn. He will specialize in<br />
warm-air furnace work.<br />
C. WESSENDORF CO., 195 Washington Avenue, Memphis,<br />
Tenn., prominent in furnace heating trade,<br />
galvanized iron, copper and skylight work veterans<br />
in the Southern trade, reports rapid return to normal<br />
conditions and summer contracts at Memphis<br />
developing nicely.<br />
PORCELLA i.s the name given to the finish which the<br />
Magee Furnace Co., Boston, Mass., has given to<br />
the Magee line of ranges, whether for coal or combination<br />
coal and gas. In reference to it the company<br />
states that Por-Cel-a is a finish that is the<br />
result of fusing at a high temperature a vitreous<br />
composition in combination with the iron so that it<br />
becomes practically a solid mass, Por-Cel-a being<br />
the outside surface of the casting. It is as smooth<br />
and as hard as the iron itself and a very fine lustrous<br />
finish. The stove part can be wiped off with<br />
a damp cloth and yet it means no rust, no stove<br />
blacking to soil the hands and no drudgery. Por-<br />
Cel-a finish is in a pearl-gray, and a circular has<br />
been issued specially devoted to this subject.<br />
"WHAT CAN'T BE CURED, MUST BE ENDURED," is the<br />
title of the colored pictures on the July calendar<br />
issued by the Modern Way Furnace Co., Fort<br />
Wayne, Ind. The illustration shows tliree small<br />
children togged out as warriors, and one of them<br />
is having his injured hand bandaged while he gives<br />
vent to his pain in tears. Inside the folder the<br />
trade is advised to buy furnaces now so that when<br />
the demand comes there will be no shortage of<br />
stock, loss of orders, delayed shipments and increased<br />
prices.<br />
HANDY ANDY TAKES THE OPPORTUNITY to say in the<br />
July number of the Furnace Installation, issued by<br />
F. Meyer Bro., Peoria, 111., that it was "some convention,"<br />
referring to the convention of the National<br />
Association of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors, held<br />
in Peoria in June. It is not strange that this publication<br />
in which Ge<strong>org</strong>e Harms is interested could<br />
devote a whole page to saying it was some convention<br />
and those who are most positive about it are<br />
those who attended it. A two-page spread, however,<br />
in red, white and blue, calls attention to detail<br />
of the Handy pipe and, if you haven't seen it,<br />
you know where to get a copy and get next for<br />
yourself.<br />
New Furnace and Fitting Catalog<br />
NEW Furnace and Fittings Catalog—12 Bod B<br />
When the Standard Furnace & Supply Co., 407-<br />
413 South Tenth Street, Omaha, Neb., arranges with<br />
a furnace heating contractor to take up its line of<br />
heating supplies and specialities, it furnishes him<br />
with drawings or sketches for installation work as<br />
well as a variety of furnaces from which a selection<br />
can be made to serve his customer's need. The catalog<br />
issued for 1920 consists of 52 pages and opens<br />
with the Handy furnace pipe fittings with which the<br />
installation for heating any residence can be selected.<br />
It shows the galvanized sheet iron work for smoke<br />
pipes, for cold air supply with boot and then baseboard<br />
side wall registers and the duplex heating outfit<br />
for furnace heating. Then comes adjustable ventilating<br />
registers, heat regulators, tools, paste, cement,<br />
insulating materials, dampers, damper clips, kitchen<br />
cabinets, the majestic coal chute and garbage receptacles.<br />
Then there is a price list of all the various<br />
goods. The warm-air furnaces shown are of cast-iron<br />
type with two-section firepot, large combustion chamber<br />
discharging into an annular radiator pipe, then<br />
he Peerless Gravity pipeless warm-air furnaces and<br />
the \. e.r furnace, brick set, for heating large buildnigs<br />
and with galvanized casing for the ordinary<br />
home. The Weir wood furnace is also shown<br />
Catalog E is devoted entirely to the different variety<br />
of warm-air furnaces which the company can<br />
furnish with useful information on designing, installing<br />
and laying out systems of the pipeless, pipe and<br />
hree-register type of heating system, to insure the<br />
heating of the house. A heating information blank is<br />
furnished on which a lot of questions are asked for<br />
drawing the plans of the building.<br />
A special circular is devoted to the Peerless gravity<br />
furnace, installed as a pipeless heater. *
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 87<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
THE LAIB Co., jobbers of plumbers supplies, are<br />
pushing the Allen Instantaneous water cooler in a<br />
big advertising campaign. A large number of the<br />
coolers are being installed.<br />
H. O. WIELAND, W. E. Crutcher and J. C. Darnall<br />
are the incorporators of the Perfect <strong>Steam</strong> Sterilizer<br />
Co., Louisville, <strong>org</strong>anized with a capital stock<br />
of $300,000. The new company will manufacture<br />
sterilizers for hospitals, dental offices, barber shops,<br />
restaurants and homes. Parts will not be made in<br />
Louisville at the present time, and only an assembling<br />
plant will be located here, but the corporation<br />
plans to build a factory in Louisville later.<br />
IN THE LINE OF PLUMBING SUPPLIES and auxiliary<br />
to their other interests the Cahill Iron Co. has been<br />
<strong>org</strong>anized at Chattanooga, Tenn., and on a tenacre<br />
site will erect a $150,00.0 plant to manufacture<br />
enamel ware, 250 bathtubs a day, Tennessee, Chattanooga<br />
and Pacific sinks, laundry tubs, lavatories,<br />
closet tanks and small ware. F. H. Caldwell is<br />
president; J. J. Maloney, vice-president and manager;<br />
H. M. Caldwell, treasurer; H. W. Powell,<br />
secretary; W. T. Mahoney, assistant general manager.<br />
THE HUGHES HEATING CO., Memphis, Tenn., has<br />
moved from its long-time location in the Goodwin<br />
Institute to 126 Washington Avenue, where with a<br />
handsome green front it has a neat first-floor display<br />
room. It is just north of Shelby County's<br />
million dollar court house.<br />
MCNEIL & BURKE are doing the heating on the Adams<br />
Block, a large structure being overhauled and modernized<br />
at Adams Avenue and North Second Street,<br />
Memphis, Tenn.<br />
THE JOS. ALEXANDER CONSTRUCTION CO., Memphis,<br />
Tenn., has been awarded the contract for the new<br />
biscuit factory of the Iten Biscuit Co., Omaha,<br />
Neb., to be erected in Memphis at a cost of half a<br />
million dollars. It will be located in the south part<br />
of the city with complete ventilation, bow-pipe heating<br />
and manufacturing facilities.<br />
The STIZER MFG. CO., Louisville, makers of specialties,<br />
will put a patented light holder on the market<br />
as soon as its factory is put into operation. It was<br />
recently incorporated with a capital stock of $10,000<br />
by Osbar B. Stizer, David Stizer and Mattie S.<br />
Newman.<br />
JOHN W. SESSUMS, 243 Madison Avenue, Memphis,<br />
Tenn, is installing the Clow gas steam radiator<br />
heating system in the People's Trust & Savings<br />
Bank Building, Madison Avenue, Memphis, and<br />
similar heating sy.stem in a couple of new stores on<br />
South Main Street.<br />
THE STANDARD MILK MACHINERY CO., Louisville, and<br />
its subsidiary, Hines & Ritchey, Inc., the latter operating<br />
a casting and sheet copper shop, have purchased<br />
a new plant at Fifteenth and Madison<br />
Streets, which is now being remodeled for use of<br />
the companies.<br />
THE LOUISVILLE BOARD OF PARK COMMISSIONERS<br />
barred Miss Helen Ludwig from playing first base<br />
for the Standard Oil Co. in its game with the Stan-<br />
. dard Sanitary Mfg. Co. After much work, seats<br />
for a record crowd were provided, but the night<br />
before the game, the Park Board announced its decision.<br />
The men of the Standard Sanitary team<br />
were greatly depressed, as they had figured that<br />
with this added attraction on first base nothing<br />
would be able to keep them from getting there.<br />
THE GEORGETOWN, KY., City Council at a recent<br />
meeting, passed an ordinance which authorizes the<br />
issuance of $100,000 worth of water and light bonds.<br />
BULLETIN NO. 42 of the Trade .ind Industrial Series<br />
No. 12, issued by the Federal Board of Vocational<br />
Education, Washington, D. C, is devoted<br />
to safety lamps, including plain safety lamps and<br />
improved electric lamps, from which those who<br />
make lanterns can procure much useful information.<br />
AN INVITATION TO VISIT the new plant of the General<br />
Boilers Co., Waukegan, 111., is accompanied<br />
with literature showing the Pacific boilers. The<br />
letter states that the Pacific boilers for the past 7<br />
years have been built and sold almost exclusively<br />
on the Pacific coast where there are hundreds of<br />
them in daily use for heating purposes, demonstrating<br />
the correctness of the conclusion of 20<br />
years of study and experiment. In entering the<br />
eastern and central fields a 19-acre plot was purchased<br />
in Waukegan, 111., in July, 1919, on which<br />
the first of ten buildings has been completed. It is<br />
200 x 300 ft. in size, equipped with the best machinery<br />
and named by good mechanics under expert<br />
manufacturers of Pacific boilers. These include<br />
a boiler of the double return flue pipe, fully<br />
explained in the catalog, a portable fire box hot<br />
water heating outfit and a smokeless boiler. Illustrations<br />
and text make the peculiar features and<br />
advantages readily understood.<br />
Successful Sales Promotion Work<br />
One-Day Dealers' Convention Held by Branch Offices<br />
Burnett - Larsh Co., Opportunities for Sales Talk<br />
Genuine success is attained by, and not bestowed<br />
on any individual or company. While on the surface<br />
this may not appear true, careful investigation usually<br />
discloses that through thoughtful study, hard work<br />
and taking advantage of or creating opportunities,<br />
it has been earned.<br />
Probably a factor in the success of the Burnett-<br />
Larsh Mfg. Co., Dayton, Ohio, makers of the "Duro"<br />
penumatic pump and residence water systems, is its
V.7. METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
sales promotion policy which is not only readily adaptable<br />
to opportunities that may arise but often is<br />
instrumental in producing profitable opportunities.<br />
An example of the latter is the plan whereby each<br />
branch office holds a one-day convention in a city or<br />
town centrally situated in its territory.<br />
The New York office, located in Grand Central<br />
Palace, Forty-sixth Street and Lexington Avenue,<br />
held its convention in May in one of the lecture rooms<br />
of the building. Invitations were sent to all "Duro"<br />
dealers in Long Island, Westchester and Rockland<br />
Counties and Southern Connecticut and to a few<br />
specially selected tradesmen in the vicinity whom it<br />
was desired to interest in the company's products.<br />
Thirty-seven plumbers and five electricians or persons<br />
connected with electric lighting companies were<br />
present early on the appointed afternoon.<br />
After an introductory speech an illustrated lantern<br />
slide talk was given by a thoroughly competent man<br />
from the factory on the factory <strong>org</strong>anization and the<br />
mechanical steps through which the pumps go in<br />
their manufacture. Naturally at the conclusion of<br />
this lecture a general informal discussion of pumps<br />
and installations took place and much valuable information<br />
for the practical man was brought out. This<br />
was followed by a social session when the six "Duro"<br />
salesmen present mingled with the gathering and<br />
saw that the guests became acquainted and that good<br />
fellowship prevailed.<br />
About 6:30 p.m. the meeting adjourned for dinner<br />
to the Moulin Rouge, a cabaret restaurant, where<br />
the musical diversion during the meal pleased all.<br />
From there the party went to the Winter Garden<br />
Theatre where a musical show was thoroughly enjoyed.<br />
This recreational part of the program not<br />
only afforded enjoyment to the gathering but created<br />
a spirit of good will and sociability which afterwards<br />
can be capitalized upon in getting business.<br />
For those who resided too far away to attempt returning<br />
that night the company arranged for sleeping<br />
accommodations at the Hotel Commodore.<br />
The verbal expressions of those present upon leaving<br />
indicated that much enthusiasm had been aroused<br />
for the "Duro" pumps, and letters of appreciation<br />
since received by the company bear out this conclusion.<br />
The cost of the convention averaged about<br />
$8.00 per head, and the company considers the money<br />
wisely invested since already increased business from<br />
many of those entertained is noted and the absent<br />
dealers who have learned of the doings at the meeting<br />
state that they are not going to miss the next one.<br />
Today competition in all lines is so keen that sales<br />
promotion work and exploitation of manufactured<br />
products is essential to a company's success. The<br />
live, wide awake manufacturer who attracts and cultivates<br />
the good will of his dealers, soon notes an<br />
increased demand for his goods and more profitable<br />
business relations.<br />
Try this simple little plan which can be readily<br />
carried out by any concern and has the added inducement<br />
of having brought results. It is feasible for<br />
all tradesmen in our field to hold local exhibits to<br />
which farmers, townsmen, builders and prospective<br />
customers can be invited and given good impressions<br />
of any line of goods.<br />
Better Service to Customers Is Aim of Company<br />
The main idea behind the negotiations wliich have<br />
just resulted in the consolidation of the wrench and<br />
f<strong>org</strong>ing plants at Chicago and St. Catharines, Ontario,<br />
Canada, of the Whitman & Barnes Mfg. Co.,<br />
with J. H. Williams & Co., was Better Service to<br />
Customers.<br />
The company states that patronage in the past on<br />
goods made at its plants going into the new consolidation,<br />
is fully appreciated and earnestly recommends<br />
the enlarged facilities and strong <strong>org</strong>anization of J.<br />
H. Williams & Co., on drop-f<strong>org</strong>ings and drop-f<strong>org</strong>ed<br />
tools.<br />
The entire energy and <strong>org</strong>anization of the Whitman<br />
& Barnes Mfg. Co., Akron, Ohio, will now be devoted<br />
to the exclusive manufacture of twist drills and reamers,<br />
insuring better service on these tools, and it is<br />
hoped will justify a continuance of the present cordial<br />
relations.<br />
William G Wilbers, J. J. Crotty, Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. Ankermar.n,<br />
Ir., and J. J. Bosemer at the Sanitary and Efficiency<br />
Show during the <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Convention in Pittsburgh<br />
All from Kentucky except Crotty who is from the<br />
sanitary Engineering Department of the Central<br />
Foundry Co., "New York City.<br />
Hot Water Where It's Wanted<br />
In whatever type of building hot water is wanted,<br />
the Bastian-Morley Co., LaPorte, Ind., it is claimed,<br />
is prepared to furnish a gas water heater to do the<br />
work. It has just issued a folder to the trade showing<br />
the features of construction of its "Royal Automatic "<br />
the "Marvel" and the "Superior," combined gas water<br />
heaters and range boilers. The text tells how they<br />
work, and the special purposes to which they are<br />
adapted for quickest and most efficient service and<br />
greatest economy.<br />
The special features of the Royal Automatic are<br />
a water spreader which facilitates heating, a thermo<br />
valve for controlling gas supply, a draft regulator to<br />
prevent heat loss and insure positive ventilation, and<br />
the use of the pilot light as an auxiliary to maintain<br />
tne temperatures.<br />
Pictures in the bathroom, laundry and kitchen show<br />
the necessity of hot water to home comfort, and the<br />
efficiency, durability and economy of the Royal Automatic<br />
for keeping a constant supply of hot water<br />
ready for instant use. It is recommended particularly<br />
tor homes, apartment houses, barber shops offices<br />
schools, clubs, churches, hospitals, garages and<br />
i _ic torips.
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 89<br />
O-E Perfect System of Heating<br />
"Vacuum most of the time, vapor part of the time<br />
and pressure when desired," is the way the "O-E<br />
Perfect System" of lieating is presented to the heating<br />
trade by the O-E Specialty Co., 886 Third Street,<br />
Milwaukee, Wis. Its simplicity and flexibility are<br />
pointed out to heating contractors yvho want to interest<br />
home owners in saving money during the coming<br />
heating season.<br />
An attractive presentation of the company's packless<br />
graduated supply valve, ball check water seal<br />
return fitting and air exhauster and vacuum valve<br />
are shown in Booklet "A," which gives seventeen reasons<br />
why the system is most effective in various types<br />
of buildings, and include fuel economy, positive regulation<br />
of temperature, noiseless operation without<br />
using complicated mechanical apparatus.<br />
The company is prepared to aid fitters with expert<br />
engineering advice and merchandising ideas, and has<br />
prepared Booklet "B" for this purpose. In it are<br />
mentioned simple piping methods, which give best results,<br />
what to do when the basement ceiling is low,<br />
how to connect returns, gives table of pipe sizes, rules<br />
for figuring radiation, chimney sizes and other desirable<br />
information for the steam fitter. The company<br />
will be glad to furnish any other information to those<br />
who require it.<br />
The 3-S Water Closet Flange<br />
To aid the plumber in using the new shortened<br />
outlet water closets in making a tight connection<br />
with the house drainage system, the Sanitary Specialty<br />
Co., 232 Mulberry Street, Newark, N. J., has<br />
placed on the market 3-S Water Closet Floor Flange<br />
and the accompanying illustrations show the new and<br />
The new method<br />
of seting the Shortened<br />
Outlet Horn<br />
Water Closet.<br />
old method of connecting the earthenware closets with<br />
the house drainage systems.<br />
In one case a ring of putty was placed in the annular<br />
space betyveen the earthenware closet flange<br />
and the brass flange, which is soldered to the lead<br />
bend in connecting the closets with the drainage system.<br />
The flange is drayvn up tight against the putty<br />
with a view of making a tight connection with the 3-S<br />
fittings. It is a brass floor flange that can be used<br />
in connection with a cast-iron bend or a lead bend.<br />
In case of substituting a new shortened outlet horn<br />
closet for _n old type of closet, the company provides<br />
a staple fitting which can be soldered to the<br />
old closet bend, making a tight connection.<br />
Then the brass floor flange furnished has a<br />
threaded end which screws into this fitting and then<br />
by means of a composition gasket the brass flange is<br />
drawn tight against the earthenware flange of the<br />
closet, making a tight connection. The character of<br />
the gasket is said to be such as to insure a permanent<br />
connection with the 3-S outfit. The plumber only has<br />
to stock the brass flanges for the different kinds of<br />
fittings to connect it with a Durham system, cast-iron<br />
system or a system in which the lead bend is used.<br />
A six-page circular is used by the company to make<br />
clear features of merit and the method of connecting.<br />
It is claimed that a saving can be made in labor, a<br />
more practical connection and one that will stand the<br />
testing of the system.<br />
Late Trade News<br />
CHARLES R. PERKINS has resigned as chief inspector<br />
of the Andrews Steel Co., Covington, Ky., to enter<br />
the metallurgical department of the Tennessee Coal,<br />
Iron & Railroad Co., Birmingham, Ala.<br />
JEREMIAH E. REEVES, yvho established the sheet mills<br />
wliich now constitute the plants of the American<br />
Sheet & Tin Plate Co. at New Philadelphia and<br />
Dover, Ohio, and who later founded the Reeves<br />
Mfg. Co. at Dover, Ohio, died of apoplexy at his<br />
home in that city July 11. He was 76 years old<br />
and a native of England. In addition to his steel<br />
interests, he yvas the principal owner of the Toledo,<br />
Findlay & Fostoria Traction Co.. the Greer Steel<br />
Co. and the Reeves Banking & Trust Co.<br />
Thc old method<br />
of setting a water<br />
closet before the<br />
Shortened Outlet<br />
Horn Water Closet<br />
was u~ed.<br />
WA<br />
THE R. JESKE & BROTHER Co., Ill Reservoir Avenue,<br />
Milwaukee, has started work on the erection of a<br />
one-story addition, 80 x 100 ft., to its sheet metal<br />
works, costing about $40,000 with neyv equipment.<br />
THE INTERNATIONAL METAL STAMPING CO., Artillery<br />
and Muster Avenues, Detroit, has completed plans<br />
for a new one-story plant 79 x 530 ft., to cost about<br />
$130,000.
90 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
THE W. B. BERTELS & SON CO., 121 North Pennsylvania<br />
Avenue, Wilkes-Barre, Pa., manufacturer of<br />
tin and stamped yvare is planning to build a twostory<br />
factory, 70 x 75 ft., to cost about $30,000.<br />
THE PEERLESS STEEL WINDOW & SHUTTER Co., New<br />
York, has been incorporated with an active capital<br />
of $26,750 by C. H. Israel, H. G. Cooke and J. N.<br />
Bishop, 50 East Forty-second Street, to manufacture<br />
steel and metal window frames and similar<br />
products.<br />
THE EDWARD G. BUDD MFG. CO., Twenty-fifth Street<br />
and Hunting Park Avenue, Philadelphia, manufac<br />
turer of steel automobile bodies, special steel stampings,<br />
etc., has arranged for a bond issue of $1,000,-<br />
000, to be used for expansion. Its present plant<br />
totals about 850.000 sq. ft. Edward G. Budd is<br />
president.<br />
NEW OFFICERS HAVE BEEN CHOSEN for the Quality<br />
Stove & Range Co., Belleville, UL, and include<br />
Charles Crawford, president; John Theiss, vicepresident;<br />
Samuel Evans, secretary-treasurer. The<br />
former officers retain their interests in the concern<br />
but have retied from the management.<br />
THE NATIONAL FURNACE & STOVE CO., Ravenna,<br />
Ohio, has plans under way for a new one-story<br />
foundry, 80x220 ft., to cost about $75,000. D.<br />
C. Smith, 4500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, is architect.<br />
THE TULSA STOVE & FOUNDRY CO., Tulsa, Okla.,<br />
manufacturer of stove castings, oil field and refinery<br />
equipment, etc., is planning for an addition to its<br />
plant at Sand Springs, Okla.<br />
Cincinnati Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>s<br />
The Cincinnati Association of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors<br />
held a meeting at Fisher's Gardens, Cincinnati,<br />
July 8, Ferd. Doepke being the host of the<br />
evening. A goodly number of members attended and<br />
some important topics discussed.<br />
A communication from the National Secretary with<br />
reference to the Trade Development movement was<br />
laid on the table for discussion at next meeting. A<br />
discussion on the question of holding the meetings of<br />
the local in the daytime instead of at night was held,<br />
and it yvill be taken up and a decision made at next<br />
meeting.<br />
President Ge<strong>org</strong>e Dietz impressed upon the members<br />
of the association the necessity of having signed<br />
contracts for any work they undertake, as within the<br />
past couple of weeks several members yvere advised<br />
by builders that they had decided to change work already<br />
arranged for, with the result that the contractors<br />
were left with materials on their hands which<br />
were purchased especially for the jobs.<br />
An address was made by J. E. McDonald, representative<br />
of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER, who is an honorary member. He also read a<br />
portion of an article, "The Path That Leads to Money<br />
in the Bank," and from a letter from Frank K. Chew.<br />
A large delegation from the Cincinnati local will<br />
attend the State convention at Toledo, many going<br />
in automobiles.<br />
Younger Men Lack Dependability<br />
A Pennsylvania company speaks from a experience<br />
of many years in response to an inquiry by The Iron<br />
THE HOMER FURNACE CO., Coldwater, Mich., is mak Age on production in various industries with particuing<br />
an addition to its molding department, 128 x 150 lar reference to co-operation:<br />
ft., which it expects to occupy Sept. 1. The recent "Our company has been in existence since 1867 and<br />
suspension of operations of the company due to a never had labor troubles of any kind preceding the<br />
shortage of cars was for only two days.<br />
war, and our men were efficient and satisfactory in<br />
M. J. DALY & SONS, INC., Waterbury, Conn., manu every respect. We employed at that time almost exfacturer<br />
of piping and similar products, has comclusively 'Pennsylvania Dutch,' but during the war<br />
pleted plans for a new one-story brick and steel we employed any nationality, as yve found it neces<br />
works, llOx 180 ft., to cost about $80,000. sary to increase our production very materially, and<br />
we placed all of our men where possible on a "piece<br />
WILLIAM E. WILLIAMS, 62 Front Street, New York,<br />
work basis, with the result that a largely increased<br />
manufacturer of steam specialties, has incorpo<br />
production per man was attained, so that manv of<br />
rated the William E. Williams Valve Corporation<br />
our men were able to make very large earnings.'<br />
with a capital of $100,000 to manufacture valves<br />
"We had made it a rule for a number of vears to<br />
and similar products. Other incorporators are J.<br />
add to our <strong>org</strong>anization only men under 35 years of<br />
J. Kingsley and W. Wennels.<br />
age, preferably under 30. The result was that these<br />
THE LUNKENHEIMER CO., Cincinnati, has applied for men were able to earn exceptionally large wages and<br />
a permit for the construction of its new foundry in during the war they would come out early in the<br />
Hartwell suburb at an estimated cost of $400,000. morning; but since the war ended the wages have<br />
It will be of brick and steel and is expected to be still further increased per hour, and the more you pay<br />
ready for occupancy before the first of the year. the less hours they are willina; to work. They no<br />
THE WOLFF MFG. CO., manufacturer of plumbing sup longer come out at the proper time in the morning,<br />
plies, 255 North Hoyne Avenue, Chicago, has let but often report very late, sometimes giving the ex<br />
contract for remodeling its six-story plant.<br />
cuse of having overslept, and then again they do not<br />
report at all. On account of the scarcity of labor we<br />
.THE MCNAB & HARLIN MFG. CO., 55 John Street,<br />
are obliged to be governed to a large extent by their<br />
New York, manufacturer of valves, iron, steel and<br />
wishes in order to get any production at all.<br />
brass goods, etc., with plant at Paterson, N. J., has<br />
"We find these young men have very decidedly been<br />
increased its capital from $300,000 to $1,300,000.<br />
spoiled by the great increase in the rate of yvaees<br />
Foster Milliken is president.<br />
Ihey have no interest in the affairs of the company'
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 91<br />
as older men have, and they are only interested in the<br />
amount of money they can get in the shortest number<br />
of hours of work. So to-day at our plants we have<br />
established a rule always to give preference to men<br />
over 35 years of age, preferably 40, and only use<br />
men under 35 when it is not possible to get other men.<br />
We find the older men are more regular and yvill produce<br />
considerably^ more than the younger men, for the<br />
younger men will not report regularly, and a great<br />
deal of their time is spent in floating from one plant<br />
to another, trying to find out yvho will pay the highest<br />
price for labor.<br />
"In our opinion, the wages that are being paid<br />
generally at the present tinie are too high, and advancing<br />
them in any yvay will make conditions more<br />
serious than they yvere before; but from the fact that<br />
there is this bidding from day to day by our competitors,<br />
we are obliged to follow, as we are not large<br />
enough to establish a rate or policy as should be established<br />
by the largest corporations such as the<br />
United States Steel orporation. Corporations of that<br />
size must take the lead, for, believe me, this is a very<br />
serious question that has to be worked out. This<br />
country requires more labor, and immediate action<br />
should be taken whereby foreign labor is brought to<br />
this country to relieve the situation and in the end<br />
benefit all classes.<br />
"As to prohibition: We are of the opinion that conditions<br />
would be much more serious if the saloons were<br />
open, as they were five years ago, and I should dislike<br />
very much to see such an attempt made, for not only<br />
would yve have a worse shortage in labor hours, but it<br />
Trade Report and<br />
Market Summary<br />
Black and Oalvanized Sheets—Demand continues with<br />
improved receipts.<br />
Tin Plate—Good demand for prompt delivery.<br />
Tin—No activity.<br />
Copper—Tone improved and prices unchanged.<br />
Lead—Demand only for prompt delivery and prices hold.<br />
Zinc—Demand is quiet with producers ilittle disposed to<br />
sell.<br />
Antimony—More activity and demand fairly good.<br />
Foundry Pig Iron—Prices tend upward. Output below<br />
normal.<br />
Foundry Coke—Spot tonnage scarce. Shipment better.<br />
Output curtailed.<br />
Linseed Oil—Inactive—prices hold.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Stocks low. Prices higher.<br />
Market Conditions<br />
would be useless to attempt to control labor in any<br />
way under such conditions."<br />
More Oddities of Workmen's Compensation Law<br />
(Continued from Page 81)<br />
These cases and many others like them show that<br />
the courts now strain a point to protect employees<br />
from about anything that may happen to them during<br />
working hours, whether it had any connection with<br />
the real yvork or not. If the injured employee is in<br />
his yvorking hours, and engaged in, or at, or near his<br />
regular work—he need not even be on his employer's<br />
premises—he is apparently entitled to claim compensation<br />
from his employer if anything happens to him.<br />
Death of John T. Shields<br />
Announcement is made of the death of John T.<br />
Shields, president and general manager of the Blake<br />
Specialty Co., Rock Island, 111. When this company<br />
yvas established by John D. Blake, manufacturer of<br />
specialties in connection with the house drainage system,<br />
Mr. Shields, yvho saw the merits of the line of<br />
specialties, identified himself with their production.<br />
His death is not only a loss in the fellowship with his<br />
associates, but also to the enterprise which, however,<br />
has been so established that its success is ausured.<br />
John Grey Dead<br />
John Grey, aged 52, for 6 years manager of the<br />
tin plate mill of the Lalance & Grosjean Mfg. Co.,<br />
Harrisburg, Pa., died last week in the Harrisburg<br />
hospital after a short illness.<br />
Market Summary<br />
Sheets are coming into the New York market in better<br />
quantity. Pipe mills have plenty of orders but<br />
some are shut down on account of coal and car shortage.<br />
Brass goods are strong and there is a probability<br />
of further advances in the wages of sanitary potters.<br />
The buyer has the greatest trouble in getting stock<br />
to meet his customers' needs. For fall trade goods<br />
needed should be ordered so as to have them received<br />
when they can be used. The transportation facilities<br />
will be taxed and those who can help the situation by<br />
getting their needs supplied early, will find it to the<br />
advantage since freight rates will very likely go up<br />
after September 1.<br />
FOUNDRY PIG IRON<br />
New York.—The Virginia Iron, Coal & Coke Co. is of<br />
C[ It was necessary to shut down some productive<br />
fering to sell iron for the remainder of this year and the<br />
J capacity when the order in reference to the use first half of next year at $16, furnace. This is $1 higher<br />
of open-top and box cars went into effect to step the than the price the Virginia furnaces have been quoting for<br />
soaring of fuel prices and pig iron prices and the steel the remainder of this year, and very little has been sold at<br />
men went to Washington to talk direct to the Inter any price for next year. There is a general feeling that<br />
state Commerce Commission. It is expected that some the recent low price of $42 furnace made by at least one<br />
relief will soon be felt.<br />
company in Eastern Pennsylvania was unnecessarily low<br />
and that considerably higher prices will prevail, owing to
92<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
reduced production throughout the country and the decided<br />
strength of the basic market in the Central West.<br />
We quote for delivery in New York as follows:<br />
East. Pa., No. 1 fdy., sil. 2.75 to 3.25.$50.05 to Jal.05<br />
East. Pa., No. 2Xfdy„ sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.05 to 50.05<br />
East Pa.. No. 2 fdy.. sil. 1.75 to 2.25. 47.80 to 48.SO<br />
No. 2X, Virginia, sil. 2.25 to 2.75.... 49.60<br />
Chicago.—A few new inquiries have appeared and a number<br />
of consumers have put out feelers for 1931 iron, but<br />
generally speaking there is little activity. Prices are generally<br />
firm and such changes as are taking place are principally<br />
upward. The shortage of coke, as well as its high<br />
cost, is commencing to have an effect on foundries, and it<br />
is feared by some that the situation will result in the suspension<br />
of operation in some cases. The fact that several<br />
foundries are offering iron for resale is regarded either as<br />
an indication that they are overstocked or that the reaction<br />
of the public against high prices is having its effect on the<br />
foundry industry.<br />
The following quotations are iron delivered, at consumers'<br />
yards except those for Northern foundry, and<br />
steel-making irons, which are f.o.b. furnace and do not<br />
include a switching charge averaging 50c. per ton.<br />
Northern coke, No. 1, sil. 2. 25 to 2.75, last<br />
half $4(.__<br />
Northern coke, No. 1, spot 47.25<br />
Northern coke foundry, No. 2, sil 1.75 to<br />
2.25 last half ^.00<br />
Northern coke, No. 2, spot... 45.00<br />
Northern high Dhos., last half............ 45.00<br />
Southern coke, No. 1 foundry and No. 1<br />
soft sil. 2.75 to 3.25 •••••••• •••• •;• 50 -°<br />
Southern coke, No. 2 foundry sil 2.25 to<br />
2 75 _o.
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
THE GENIE OF<br />
THE BOTTLE<br />
IKE the Genie irom the "Arabian Nights",<br />
*-~* Prest-O-Lite is a wonderful force confined<br />
in a small cylinder.<br />
It is subject to the command of its master—<br />
the trained welder and cutter. Under his direction<br />
it performs feats of wonder—anywhere, at<br />
any time.<br />
In the subway builder's excavation, in the<br />
floating dry dock, in fact any place—any time<br />
where welding and cutting metals are required,<br />
the ready portability of Prest-O-Lite is an asset<br />
of genuine worth.<br />
Ask us about the service plan of the Universal<br />
Gas with the Universal Service.<br />
THE PREST-O-LITE COMPANY, Inc.<br />
General Offices: 30 East -12nd Street, Neyv York, N. Y.<br />
Kohl Building, San Francisco<br />
In Canada—Prest-O-Lite Co. of Canada, Limited, Toronto<br />
Please quote METAL WOBKEH, PLUMBEB AND STEAM FIITEB when writing to advertisers<br />
PW-50-c<br />
9a
94 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 16, 1920<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turning. . 12.25<br />
Lead, heavy 7.00<br />
Lead, tea 5.00<br />
Zinc 5.25<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.—There is a better feeling in the market<br />
and red brass, copper chips and bottoms have advanced<br />
in price.<br />
Red, brass 13.50<br />
Yellow brass, heavy 9.00<br />
Yellow brass, borings 10.00<br />
Heavy wire 15.50<br />
Heavy copper 15.50<br />
Copper clips 13.50<br />
Copper bottoms 11.50<br />
Lead pipe .- 6.00<br />
Tea lead 3.00<br />
Tin foil 30.00<br />
Block tin pipe 40.00<br />
Zinc 4.25<br />
Pewter, No. 1 25.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Boston.—Less activity in copper and aluminum<br />
were features of the old metal situation. Scrap lead<br />
is in fairly good demand. Dealers are nominally paying<br />
as follows:<br />
Heavy crucible copper < $15.75 to $16.25<br />
Heavy scrap copper 15.00 to 15.50<br />
Light copper 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Heavy mch. comp. red brass 15.50 to 16.00<br />
Comp. turnings No. 1 13.50 to 14.00<br />
Heavy brass 9.00 to 9.50<br />
Light brass 7.00 to 7.50<br />
Brass turnings No. 1 rod 9.75 to 10.25<br />
Lead, solid 6.75 to 7.25<br />
Zinc 5.00 to 5.50<br />
Pewter No. 1 36.00 to 38.00<br />
Clean cast aluminum 24.00 to 24.50<br />
New aluminum clippings 25.00 to 26.00<br />
Old and painted aluminum 23.50 to 24.00<br />
Old Rubber.—Market is dull and prices hold. Tire scrap<br />
is stagnant while demand from consumers for inner tubes<br />
is small. Boots and shoes remain unchanged with few<br />
sales, although the price is not expected to go lower.<br />
Wholesale dealers' buying quotations are:<br />
Boots and shoes 6Vt to 6*_<br />
Trimmed arctics 5 to 5*4<br />
;E ^ Art fR £<br />
: F Id **" if' '<br />
r Pe fc-i •**"* -<br />
' £ ^ r\ IF. t<br />
n. H *- a ~<br />
%.<<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Auto tires 2% to 2%<br />
Bicycle tires 1 % to 1 %<br />
Solid tires 2 to 2%<br />
No.l inner tubes 12 to 13<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4%<br />
Mixed red scrap 3 % to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap IV2 to 2<br />
Cotton flre hose % to l'A<br />
Garden hose % to 1<br />
Old Rags.—There has been increase in demand as many<br />
consumers are looking for lower prices. Wholesale dealers'<br />
prices are:<br />
No. 1 whites $10.50 to $11.00<br />
No. 2 whites 5.75 to 6.00<br />
Thirds aid blues 3.50 to 3.75<br />
Straight garments 2.50 to 2.60<br />
Hard back carpets 2.25 to 2.35<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Paper Stock.—The demand for waste paper stock continues<br />
strong and no falling off is anticipated since purchasers<br />
are only buying for present requirements. Wholesale<br />
dealers' buying quotations for New York are:<br />
Over issue magazines 3.25 to 3.35<br />
Crumpled news 1.75 to 1.85<br />
SHEETS AND METALS<br />
New York City, July 16, 1920.<br />
Black and Oalvanized Sheets.—Receipts have become<br />
more regular but consumers' demands still keep up and<br />
prevent any accumulation of stocks.<br />
Tin Plate.—There is a good demand for prompt delivery<br />
but car shortage retards shipment. Production has been<br />
increased.<br />
Copper.—More interest is shown by consumers with resulting<br />
increase in inquiries, but buying is only of fair<br />
proportions.<br />
Tin.—The market continues quiet with transactions being<br />
confined to dealers while consumers hold off.<br />
Ample ventilation is a real necessity in a building<br />
where physical exertion is the rule, whether it be<br />
a factory, shop, clubhouse, or other structure.<br />
The Chicago Athletic Club, illustrated, at the left,<br />
is provided with facilities which assure a constant<br />
supply of clean, fresh air and the elimination of<br />
umvholesome gases and dead air.<br />
Burt Ventilators take care of all these requirements.<br />
The Burt Manufacturing Co.<br />
300 Main Street, Akron, O.<br />
GEO. W. REED & CO., Montreal, Sole Manufacturers<br />
of "Burt" Ventilators for Canada.
July 16, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 95<br />
Lead.—Producers report a disappointing conditions of<br />
output because of labor shortage and irregularity of transportation.<br />
Consumption has been reduced but not sufficient<br />
to cause accumulations with diminished supplies.<br />
zinc—Due to the fact that consumption has been considerably<br />
curtailed and the producers are not eager sellers,<br />
the inquiries and sales continue of moderate volume anu<br />
the price tendency is upward rather than downward.<br />
Antimony.—Slightly more interest in the market is shown.<br />
Chinese and Japanese is now quoted at 10 to 12 cents per lb.<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgh.—Extension of the car preference<br />
to tin plate manufacturers has been made to some of the<br />
manufacturers who failed to profit by the priority granted<br />
by the Interstate Commerce Commission lae in May, which<br />
expired June 26. This has further helped the position of<br />
the industry with regard to accumulated stocks of tin plate<br />
for perishable food containers and is reflected in somewhat<br />
heavier mill operations. Shortage of cars has seriously<br />
restricted the movement of tin plate for other containers<br />
and demands for supplies for early delivery still are numerous.<br />
Stock tin plate, which is all that is available for<br />
prompt shipment, still is selling up to $10 per base box.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh.—Shortage of cars continues to keep<br />
down shipments and to prevent any appreciable reduction<br />
of mill warehouse stock. The congestion appears to be<br />
more acute with the American Sheet & Tin Plate Co. than<br />
with the independent manufacturers. The former has more<br />
than 900 cars of material piled up at its various plants<br />
awaiting shipment. Pressure for shipments against contracts<br />
is heavy and fancy prices still are being paid for<br />
material for early and specified delivery by consumers unable<br />
to secure tonnage from their regular sources. Recent<br />
sales of black sheets by independent manufacturers<br />
have averaged close to 7.50c, base, and sales of galvanized<br />
sheets for specified delivery have been done as high as 9c,<br />
base.<br />
NOTES ON PRICES<br />
Linseed Oil.—This market is at present inactive except<br />
for purchases of small lots of spot goods. In lots of 5 bbl.<br />
and over, city raw American seed is quoted at $1.56 to<br />
$1.66, and out-of-town raw American seed is $1.56 to $1.66.<br />
In lots of less than 5 bbl. 3c more per gallon is asked.<br />
Boiled oil brings 2c more per gallon than raw oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.—It has been necessary to carefully<br />
apportion new receipts so as to satisfy current needs<br />
of regular customers. Shipments have come in very slowly,<br />
due to bad pier conditions. In machine barrels in yard,<br />
the wholesale price is quoted at $1.57%.<br />
Rosin.—Local stocks are low and prices have advanced.<br />
On the basis of 280 lbs. to the barrel, the wholesale price<br />
of common-to-good strained is $11.75. Grade D is $16.25.<br />
Iron and Steel Pipe.—There has been no appreciable easing<br />
up in the supply situation, although Youngstown district<br />
manufacturers have been able to make somewhat larger<br />
shipments into the Pittsburgh territory, as a result of the<br />
modification of the order No. 7 of the 'interstate Commerce<br />
Commission, which permits of fairly free loading of opentop<br />
cars going in the direction of coal mines. Mill operations<br />
outside of the Pittsburgh district have gained somewhat<br />
since a week ago. Both the Youngstown Sheet & Tube<br />
Co. and the Republic Iron & Steel Co., Youngstown, Ohio,<br />
have practically all of their pipe capacity in operation.<br />
The Lorain, Ellwood City and Wheeling plants of the<br />
National Tube Co. are running. The National Works of<br />
the latter company at McKeesport and the Pennsylvania<br />
Works in Pittsburgh, which suspended for the holiday week,<br />
have not yet resumed, and at the Continental and National<br />
Works of the company in Pittsburgh operations are very<br />
irregular. The explanation is entirely to be found in the<br />
A BIG CHANCE TO SECURE<br />
PROFITABLE CONTRACTS!<br />
Plumbing contractors everywhere are finding a new, expanding<br />
opportunity to increase profits by recommending,<br />
selling and installing the Watrous Gravity Liquid<br />
Soap System. Industrial plants of all kinds, Factories,<br />
Railway Depots, Hospitals, Public Buildings, etc., are<br />
adopting this improved method of dispensing soap.<br />
The one large central container, easily refilled, is far<br />
more economical and more convenient in operation than<br />
the ordinary wasteful method of an individual container<br />
for every bowl.<br />
There are no moving parts to The Watrous System to<br />
get out of order. Operates wholly by gravity. The<br />
simple valve in the dispenser<br />
regulates an even.<br />
non-wasting supply of<br />
soap. A plumber's services<br />
are required to install<br />
the System. Therefore,<br />
every sale you make<br />
will carry with it a contract<br />
for installation.<br />
The Watrous Gravity<br />
Liquid Soap System is a<br />
new addition to the line<br />
of the celebrated Watrous<br />
Sanitary Plumbing Equipment,<br />
distinguished as<br />
representing the most advanced<br />
ideas in sanitary<br />
pumbing science. The line<br />
includes Watrous Duojet<br />
Closets, Self-Closing<br />
Cocks, Urinals, Drinking<br />
Fountains and up-to-date<br />
Specialties.<br />
I<br />
Free 1223 Information W. Harrison on St., Request<br />
Chicago, 111.<br />
The Imperial Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
shortage of cars, which has so congested the plants as to<br />
render operations extremely difficult. The Jones & Laughlin<br />
Steel Co. maintains full operations at its Woodlawn, Pa.,<br />
pipe mills and is making a rather good showing on shipments<br />
because of its ability to ship by water. Practically<br />
none of the companies is able to take any business for<br />
definite deliverv in anything in tubular goods.<br />
Foundry Coke.—Conditions are pretty much as they have<br />
been for the past few weeks, with spot tonnage extremely<br />
scarce and readily saleable at stiff prices. Rumor has<br />
been current here lately of the possibility of a restoration<br />
of the Fuel Administration, and while such a development<br />
primarily would be for the purpose of a more equitable<br />
distribution of coal and an artificial reduction in prices,<br />
the coke market could not very well escape such regulations.<br />
The Lake requirements of coal between now and the close<br />
of navigation are estimated to be at least 24,000,000 tons.<br />
To supply this demand constitutes a real problem in view<br />
of the fact that the Lake interests believe that $7, mines,<br />
is a fair maximum price for coal and are disinclined to pay<br />
more. Unless the Government steps in, it is hard to figure<br />
how much coal can go to the Lakes, for, with the market<br />
left free and open, operators would ship where prices were<br />
hio-hest. At present as much as $11 per ton is obtainable<br />
onXoal. Some improvement is noted in placements of cars<br />
for coal, and steel companies operating by-product plants<br />
are not such heavy buyers of beehive oven coke as they<br />
were recently. Not much selected foundry coke is to be<br />
had below $18 per net ton, oven, and it is reported that<br />
$19, and in one or two cases a little more, has been paid<br />
for' small tonnages. Nothing recently has been done in<br />
contracting for foundry coke, and the actual market is<br />
rather indefinite.
96<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide changes in<br />
price continue.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over<br />
99% pure, in ingots for re<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
July 16, 1920<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks. =„fflrientlv heavy<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not if««enuy neavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience imDracticabie<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticable<br />
to name every size.<br />
4.25 4.05 3.00<br />
4.90 4.50 3.50<br />
5.05 4.75 4.00<br />
6.50 7.50<br />
melting, 100-lb. lots—37 to 39c ELBOW AND SHOES—<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
Galvanized Steel-<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb. Plain Round and Corrugated—<br />
10c to 12c All sizes up to 6 in 50%<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET— Square—<br />
Base price Nominal Square<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4.50<br />
CONDUCTORS-<br />
Corrugated—<br />
Round or Square—<br />
Galvanized steel 30%<br />
Toncan or ingot 15%<br />
Copper 10%<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe—<br />
Galvanized 20%<br />
..Spiral Riveted—<br />
Galvanized On application<br />
(See also Elbows and Shoes;<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers,<br />
Conductor.)<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.)<br />
COPPER—<br />
Lake ingot 21!_-22J_c<br />
Electrolytic 21-22c<br />
Casting 20-21c<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per<br />
lb., 29J_c mill.<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 Ib. lots<br />
and over.<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per lb.<br />
advance.<br />
Cold Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier<br />
per lb. advance over hot rolled.<br />
Polished— 48 in.<br />
long 48 in.<br />
and to<br />
less 96 in.<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft.<br />
10 in. wide and under 6c 7c<br />
10 in. to 36 in. wide... 5c 6c<br />
Over 36 in. wide 8c 9c<br />
Planished, l}_c per sq. ft. more than<br />
Polished.<br />
Bottom, Pitts and Flats, 24 oz.<br />
base and heavier, per lb 38c<br />
Tinning— 96 in.<br />
long<br />
and Over<br />
less 96 in.<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft.<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c 6c<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c 7c<br />
Over 48 in. wide 7c 8c<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot, 25%<br />
Galvanized steel 40%<br />
Copper 10%<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS—<br />
Lap or Slip Joint, 10% above list.<br />
CHARCOAL STOVE PIPE<br />
ELBOWS-<br />
No. 1 No. 2 No. 3<br />
4 in $4.00 $3.90 $2.75<br />
4i_ in. 4.10 3.95 2.8!<br />
40 ROSIN—<br />
SOLDER—<br />
Common to good strained (whole<br />
V, to J_ guaranteed 37^0<br />
sale), 280 lbs., per bbl $11.75<br />
No. 1 *&<br />
SHEETS—<br />
Refined •• ••• •••••• ••• • ""j"!<br />
Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
private brands vary according to<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
composition.<br />
No. 10, per lb _'|_1"92 SOLDERING FLUXES-<br />
No. 12, per lb 6.55-8.05 .aeger's Salts:<br />
No 14 per lb 6.60-8.10<br />
%<br />
1-lb. cans, each .60<br />
No. 16, per lb 6.70-8.20<br />
Copper-<br />
5-lb. cans, each $3-00<br />
Black— One Pass. C. R.<br />
All sizes Net List<br />
A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
No. 18 to 20,<br />
Soft-Steel<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings—<br />
No. 22 to 24,<br />
.er lb 7.85- 9.85 Gallon " ftper<br />
lb 7.80- 9.80<br />
Standard list..Prices on application<br />
No. 26, per<br />
l6 7.90- 9.90<br />
LEAD—<br />
per<br />
No.<br />
lb 7.95- 9.95<br />
American Pig, per lb. ,.10!_c to lie<br />
per<br />
No.<br />
lb 8.00-10.00<br />
Bar, per lb 1154c to 12c<br />
per<br />
No.<br />
lb 8.05-10.05<br />
METAL LATH—<br />
per<br />
No.<br />
lb 8.25-10.25<br />
Under 100 sq. yd. per sq. yd. 40c<br />
and<br />
No.<br />
lighter, 36 wide,<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.—<br />
10c higher<br />
Leads—<br />
Wellsville Polished—<br />
Lead, American White, in OO, 20 gauge 11.10c<br />
kegs less than 500 lbs., lS^c 22 and 24 gauge 11.20c<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. tin pails; 26 gauge 11.30c<br />
add to keg price J^c<br />
38 gauge 11.50c<br />
Lead, Red, in Oil, less than 500 lbs., Galvanized—<br />
15c<br />
Cents per lb<br />
Dry Colors-<br />
Nos. No 22 12 and 24 14 9.10-10.60 9.25-11.05<br />
Red Venetian, American,<br />
No. 26<br />
16 9.25-10.75<br />
9.70-11.20<br />
Per 100 lbs., 2_i to 5c<br />
No.<br />
Nos.<br />
27<br />
18 and 20 9.40-10.90<br />
9.85-11.35<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
No. 2S 10.00-11.50<br />
Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00<br />
No. 30 10.50-12.50<br />
Red, per ton 35.00 40.00<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide,<br />
Oils-<br />
20c higher<br />
Linseed, City Raw ....$1.56 to $1.66<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized—<br />
Linseed, Boiled, advance, per<br />
2c/2 in. corrugations, 30c per 100<br />
gal lc<br />
lbs. over flat sheets.<br />
Out of Town American Seed<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Paintedat<br />
$1 56 to $1.66<br />
Prices quoted on application.<br />
Spirits Turpentine-<br />
ZVi-in. Corrugation<br />
In Machine Bbl $1.57J4<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
PUTTY—<br />
No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
Pure tubs, 120 lbs., per lb 4.50c<br />
No. 26, pr 100 sq. ft.<br />
In 1-lb. to 5-lb tins, 6.00 to 7.35c<br />
No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
REGISTERS—<br />
SLATE ROOFING—<br />
Cast Iron .-.10%<br />
F. O. B. cars, Quarry Station.<br />
Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for<br />
Per Square<br />
White Japan or Electro plate<br />
According<br />
and Small Faces and Borders 20%<br />
Pennsylvania— to size<br />
Wall Frames 20%<br />
Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00<br />
Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and<br />
No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9.00<br />
larger 40%<br />
Pen Argyl 7.75 to 8.25<br />
Base Board Registers 20%<br />
Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50<br />
Base Board Intakes per ton, 20%<br />
No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75<br />
White Enameled Goods $102.00 5%<br />
Vermont—<br />
Solid Brass or Bronze<br />
per<br />
•oil, Goods, 108 sq. exft.<br />
No. 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50<br />
2-Ply<br />
cept<br />
Tarred<br />
Grilles<br />
Paper<br />
Net $1.60<br />
Unfading Green 6.50 to 13.50<br />
Grilles<br />
3-Ply Tarred<br />
in Black<br />
Paper<br />
and White Japan 2.00<br />
Red 22.00<br />
Rosin<br />
or Electroplate<br />
Sized Sheathing,<br />
in Cast Iron Plain<br />
Maine-<br />
Lattice, Design.<br />
Prices<br />
Smaller<br />
on application<br />
than<br />
Brownsville, Unfading Black,<br />
Roofing<br />
14 x 14<br />
Pitch,<br />
in.,<br />
per ton $30.00 No. 1 $14.00<br />
Open per lb<br />
Prices on application<br />
15c Slaters felt, 30-lb. roll 2.00<br />
ROOFING MATERIAL—<br />
40-lb. roll 2.25<br />
1-Ply Tarred Paper<br />
25<br />
12-gal. Carboy ....90c per gallon<br />
(Jug and carboy extra)<br />
Callahan. Non-Corrosive, per<br />
gal *'- 75<br />
SOLDERING COPPERS-<br />
Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 50c<br />
In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
per lb. . „„ .. .<br />
In lots of less than 100 lbs., advance<br />
4c per lb.<br />
STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR-<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
Copper $2.80 $3.75 $5.75 $9.00 dt<br />
Galv. 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 dt<br />
TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
Straits, pigs per lb. ..............Sic<br />
Straits, in bars, per lb 57c to o_c<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
..Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
N B.—The price of 14 x 20<br />
"AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
IC, 14 x 20 $16-50<br />
IX, 14 x 20 18.75<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 20.50<br />
IXXX, 14x20 22.25<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
"A"Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
IC, 14x20 $14.25<br />
IX, 14 x 20 16.25<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 18.00<br />
IXXX, 14 x 20 19.75<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 21.50<br />
Coke Plates, Bright-<br />
Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
80-lb $11-80<br />
90-lb 11.90<br />
100-lb 12.00<br />
IC 13-25<br />
IX 13.25<br />
IXX 14.25<br />
IXXX 15.25<br />
IXXXX 16.25<br />
Terne Plate-<br />
Small lots, 8-lb Coating:<br />
100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
IC, 14 x 20 9.50<br />
IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
squared:<br />
12-lb. Coating $11.50<br />
Walter's and Cooper's <strong>Metal</strong> Shingles 15-lb. Coating 11.7S<br />
20-lb. Coating 12.25<br />
The<br />
Shingles<br />
That Last<br />
30-lb. Coating<br />
35-lb. Coating The<br />
M. F. Grade<br />
40-lb Coating Shingles<br />
WASTE COTTON—<br />
Per lb. That in 5-lb. Last bags<br />
ZINC SHEETS—<br />
13.50<br />
14.25<br />
13.50<br />
15.00<br />
22c<br />
The Most Complete Line of Designs The Best Material, Workmanship Western and Finish Slabs 10-llc<br />
Sheets No. 9 base casks 14!_c<br />
.Made in Painted Tin or Genuine Be-dipped Galvanized Tin<br />
Sold at the right price May we send you full-size samples and prices?<br />
National Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Roofing Co.<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
339-345 Grand Street<br />
JEBSEY CITY, N. J.
FLORAL PARK, N. Y., JULY 23, 1920.<br />
Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
Simple Calculations That May Be Used On Small Work With<br />
Certainty of Pleasing Customer By Results<br />
VOLUME 94, No. 4<br />
Heating Guidance For Residence Work<br />
The man whose heating work is occasional will find here safe, simple methods for<br />
By Instructor<br />
calculating requirements and arranging piping that he can understand and use as<br />
they have been prepared for his needs. They are in seven parts and a man should<br />
(, get and read and save all seven.<br />
In Seven Parts —Part I, Computing Radiation<br />
T H E series of articles, of which this is the first,<br />
has been prepared especially for the fitter who<br />
has a good practical knowledge of the business<br />
from the mechanical standpoint but who wishes to<br />
learn how to lay out simple plants and compute the<br />
size of the various parts. While an effort has been<br />
made to present the material in suitable form for any<br />
young man taking up this line of work, it has been<br />
arranged particularly for those wishing to start in<br />
the contracting business for themselves or who may<br />
desire to take charge of a branch shop for some<br />
larger concern. Direct steam and hot-water heating<br />
will be considered, with special reference to the warming<br />
of dwelling houses, apartments, small stores, etc.<br />
The first step in laying out a system of heating is<br />
to compute the sizes of the radiators for the various<br />
rooms. There are a number of good rules for this<br />
purpose which seem at first sight rather<br />
Size of complicated, and there are also various<br />
Radiators "rules of thumb" which are all right<br />
when the user is experienced and<br />
knows what allowances to make under different conditions.<br />
The more complicated rules take into account<br />
different kinds of wall construction, quality<br />
of workmanship, location of building with reference<br />
to wind exposure and points of compass.<br />
Inside and outside temperatures are also taken into<br />
account and the general form and design of the radiators.<br />
Rules of thumb commonly base the square feet<br />
of radiation upon the cubic contents of the room,<br />
without reference to the other factors mentioned, and<br />
for the inexperienced this is always unsafe. Here<br />
will be worked out something between the two which<br />
will be simple to use, and still have a certain amount<br />
of leeway, so it may be adapted to the usual varia<br />
tions.<br />
The following rule is based on a room temperature<br />
of 70 deg., with zero outside, and is for a building<br />
of ordinary wood' stucco or brick construction.<br />
Divide the outside wall surface in square feet, by<br />
Fig. 1.<br />
Plan.<br />
F >es/ation.<br />
Typical Room as Example For Computing<br />
Radiator<br />
10- the glass surface by 25; add these quantities, and<br />
the result will be the square feet of direct cast-iron<br />
steam radiation required for a south room.<br />
For a north room, multiply the surface given by<br />
the rule, by 1.3; for an east room, multiply by 1.1;
98 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
and for a west room, multiply by 1.2. If hot water<br />
is to be used for heating, first compute the size for<br />
steam, by the above rule, and multiply the result by<br />
1.5, or in otlier words increase the amount one half.<br />
Example: What will be the required size of steam<br />
radiator for the room shown in Fig. 1 ?<br />
Solution: Total exposed outside surface = (12 -)-<br />
16) x 8.5 = 28 x 8.5 = 238 sq. ft. Area of a<br />
single window = 5 x 25 = 12.5 sq. ft.- or a total of<br />
12.5 x 4 = 50 sq. ft. Hence, there is: Wall = 238<br />
— 50 = 188 sq. ft; glass = 50 sq. t.<br />
188<br />
Applying the rule for radiating surface gives<br />
10<br />
-j<br />
50<br />
or 18.8 +<br />
2.5<br />
20 38.8 sq. ft. The room is on<br />
the northwest corner of the house, so the amount of<br />
surface on this account must be increased by the<br />
factors previously given. The factor for north is 1.3,<br />
and for west 1.2; hence, the average of these, or<br />
1.8 -f 1.2 2.5<br />
= — = 1.25 must be used for a north-<br />
2 2<br />
west exposure.<br />
Making this increase calls for 38.8 x 1.25 = 4c8.5<br />
sq. ft. of surface. If hot water heating was to be<br />
used, it would be necessary to provide 48.5 x 1.5<br />
72.7 sq. ft. of surface.<br />
=<br />
This increase in surface for hot-water heating is<br />
because the water has a lower temperature than steam<br />
and does not give out heat so fast. The rate of heat<br />
transfer from the radiating surface to the air varies<br />
with tlie difference in the temperature between the<br />
two, and for the ordinarv forms of direct cast-iron<br />
Fig. 2. A Two Column<br />
Radiator.<br />
Fig. 3. A Three<br />
Column Radiator<br />
radiation amounts to about 1.7 heat units per square<br />
foot of surface per hour per degree difference. <strong>Steam</strong><br />
at 1 lb. pressure has a temperature of 216 deg. Assuming<br />
a room temperature of 70 deg. gives a difference<br />
of 216 —70 = 146 deg.<br />
With hot-water heating it is customary to assume<br />
that the water will leave the boiler at 180 deg. and<br />
return at 160 deg., thus giving an average tempera-<br />
180 + 160<br />
ture of =170 deg. to the radiators. This<br />
2<br />
gives a temperature difference of only 170 — 70 =<br />
100 deg. between the radiator and surrounding air<br />
as against 146 for steam. Hence the quantity of<br />
heat given off per square foot of surface per hour<br />
being in direct proportion to the temperature difference,<br />
it will be practically 1.5 times greater for<br />
steam than for hot water; and in order to get a given<br />
amount of heat per hour, there must be 1.5 times as<br />
much radiating surface for hot water as for steam.<br />
The rule given for computing radiating surface<br />
applies to what may be called regular work, that is,<br />
the ordinary rooms of a dwelling house or apartment.<br />
It will be noticed that only the outside<br />
Special walls and windows have been consid-<br />
Conditions ered, no allowance being made for the<br />
floors on the first story or the ceilings<br />
on the upper story. Under ordinary conditions the<br />
first of these will be taken care of by the heat radiated<br />
from the boiler and the basement piping, and the<br />
second by the additional heat which rises from the<br />
lower floor to the upper part of the building through<br />
open doors and stairways.<br />
Fig. 4. One Section of a Wall<br />
Radiator.<br />
Fig. 5. Another Type of Wall<br />
Radiator.<br />
Some of the basement heat also finds its way to the<br />
upper floors and is supplemented by that given off<br />
by uncovered risers. If, however, there is a room<br />
off by itself, as in the ell of a house, for example<br />
with a cold attic above, the square feet of radiation,<br />
as figured by the rule, should be multiplied by 1.1<br />
to care for the cold ceiling. This correction should<br />
also be made in the case of rooms on the first floor<br />
which come over an unheated basement, that is, over<br />
a basement room separated from that containing the<br />
boilera nd having but a very small amount of piping<br />
and that covered.<br />
In stores and similar buildings there is frequently<br />
a wall which comes against an unheated space, like<br />
a passage way or storeroom. In cases of this'kind<br />
1 sq. ft. of radiation should be provided for each 15<br />
to 20 sq. ft. of cold wall, the smaller figure being<br />
used for storerooms which are liable to be open more<br />
or less to the outside air, and the larger figure for<br />
closed corridors which never get very cold.<br />
Entrnce halls and vestibules also require special<br />
treatment- as the computed surface does not provide<br />
for the excessive leakage of cold air around and
July 23. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 99<br />
through a door. In general, it will be safe to compute<br />
the size of radiator as for an ordinary room, and<br />
then double it.<br />
1.<br />
<<br />
1<br />
1 *—<br />
o ceam A\<br />
Air \/al\/e -,<br />
»- -J<br />
•q ,<br />
S 1 •<br />
•t, _ _ _ _____<br />
6' team<br />
Return |<br />
/Air Vfl/ve 1<br />
. b<br />
'i — • s "<br />
H tJ<br />
Peturn • r '<br />
Fig. 6 and 7 a Mitre Coil and a Trombone Coil<br />
If a tight vestibule or storm door is to be provided,<br />
it may be sufficient to multiply the size of the computed<br />
radiator by 1.7. The location of the door with<br />
reference to the points of compass and exposure to<br />
winds is an important factor in estimating the size<br />
of radiator for a hall or vestibule.<br />
The standard forms of sectional radiators shown<br />
in Figs. 2 and 3 are best adapted to dwelling houses<br />
and similar kinds of work. For ordinary conditions<br />
the two-column radiator shown in Fig 2<br />
Types of will be the most satisfactory. For the<br />
Radiators sizes required it will generally make up<br />
in the best proportion. It does not<br />
project into the room so far as the three-column pattern,<br />
shown in Fig. 3, and is fully as efficient. Where<br />
large surfaces are necessary or the space for length<br />
limited, the three-column radiator may be the most<br />
desirable.<br />
In general, radiators 30 to 32 in. in height give a<br />
better proportion for the sizes required, in steam heating,<br />
in rooms of small to moderate size. A radiator of<br />
three or four sections, 38 to 40 in. in height, gives an<br />
awkward appearance and should never be used unless<br />
necessary through lack of space for a suitable length.<br />
Hot-water radiators, being larger, are generally best<br />
made 36 to 38 in. in height for medium to large<br />
sizes.<br />
It is the custom of many fitters and contractors to<br />
use the same height and pattern for all radiators in<br />
the building, and obtain the proper amount of surface<br />
by varying the number of sections. This gives a<br />
number of small radiators of awkward proportion and<br />
is not to be recommended. It is much better to vary<br />
the height sufficiently to get good proportions in the<br />
different rooms.<br />
In general, two heights, 32 and 38 in., will cover<br />
all conditions with the two-column pattern, perhaps<br />
supplemented in some cases by a three-column radiator<br />
of large size.<br />
Wall radiators, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, are especially<br />
adapted to bathrooms, narrow hallways, entrance<br />
vestibules, etc., where floor space is limited and<br />
too much surface is not required. While this type of<br />
radiator is used in large groups in buildings of certain<br />
kinds, it is generally limited to units of two or<br />
three sections in dwelling-house work as the appearance<br />
of large radiators is not desirable in important<br />
rooms.<br />
Pipe coils are frequently used in place of cast-iron<br />
radiators in stores, shops, etc., where appearance is<br />
not of so much importance and where it is desired to<br />
keep the floor clear or distribute tlie heat along a wall<br />
under the windows. With pipe and wages at their<br />
present level wall coils are more expensive than wall<br />
radiators which are more effective and coming more<br />
generally into use.<br />
When wall coils are to be employed along the lower<br />
part of the room, first compute the radiating surface<br />
in square feet by the rule for cast-iron radiators, and<br />
multiply by 0.9. Heating surface in this form is<br />
slightly more effective and it is not necessary to use<br />
quite so much. Square feet of surface may be reduced<br />
to linear feet of pipe by use of the following<br />
factors:<br />
Diameter of pipe to be<br />
used in coil Factor<br />
1-inch 3<br />
IVi " ^-3<br />
iy, " _<br />
2 " 1.6<br />
Example: Fifty sq. ft. of lieating surface are required;<br />
how many linear feet of 114-in. pipe must a<br />
coil contain to give this amount of surface?<br />
Solution: 50 x 2.3 = 115.<br />
Heating coils hung near the ceiling are not so effective<br />
as when placed on the wall near the floor, as<br />
the warm air stays at the upper part of the room<br />
while the lower part remains cool. They are never<br />
used on the ceiling except in special cases, as when<br />
it is desired to keep the floors and walls clear or when<br />
necessary to bring the radiating surface above the<br />
water line of the boiler.<br />
When coils are to be used overhead' as noted above,<br />
first compute the required surface for cast-iron radiation,<br />
by the rule, and multiply the result by 1.5.<br />
Whenever a coil is used, provision must be made for<br />
expansion, as the pipes are not uniformly filled with<br />
steam when first starting up the fires, and some become<br />
hot and expand while other are still cold.<br />
Unequal expansion is provided for in different<br />
ways, one of the best consisting in carrying the coil<br />
around the corner of the room, if space permits. When<br />
this is impossible, a mitre coil, as shown in Fig. 6,<br />
may often be used where appearance is not important<br />
as in shops, stores, etc. When the length does not<br />
exceed 25 or 30 ft. a return bend or "trombone" coil<br />
may be employed, of the general form shown in Fig.<br />
7. The length of the expansion effort—"A" Fig. 6—<br />
should be about one-eighth of the longer portion of<br />
the coil. This also applies to cases where a wall<br />
coil is carried around the corner of a room.<br />
In rooms of ordinary size in dwelling houses the<br />
radiators mav be placed where most convenient. It<br />
is always best to go over this matter with the owners<br />
or architect, as it is desirable to avoid<br />
Location of interfering with furniture, etc. While,<br />
Radiators theoretically, a radiator should be<br />
placed in the coldest part of a room,<br />
this is not usually necessary in those of small and
lil) METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
medium size, as the heat will soon find its way<br />
throughout the entire space by means of diffusion and<br />
convection current.<br />
In general, radiation for the upper hall of a dwelling<br />
house is best located on the first floor' as the heat<br />
tends to rise and pass up the stairway, and better results<br />
will usually be obtained by placing the entire<br />
amount of heating surface called for. both upstairs<br />
and down, on the first floor.<br />
In making up the radiators from the computed sizes<br />
it will, of course, be necessary to use a whole number<br />
of sections, and this will not usually give a surface<br />
exactly equal to the computed one.<br />
In cases of this kind use the number of sections<br />
which comes the nearest above the computed surface,<br />
unless the difference is very slight. For example,<br />
suppose each section contains 4 sq. ft. and 30 ft. of<br />
surface are required; use 8 sections, giving 32 sq ft.<br />
instead of 7 which would give only 28 sq. ft.<br />
(To be continued)<br />
A New Combustion Recorder<br />
Gives Simultaneous Graphic Chart<br />
of CO2 and CO.<br />
T T has been stated by those in position to know<br />
that often only 5 to 10 per cent of the energy<br />
liberated by coal under combustion becomes available<br />
for useful work due to unintelligent, neglectful and<br />
wasteful methods of firing- Few users realize the<br />
vital importance of the proper operation of drafts and<br />
dampers in obtaining high heating efficiency from coal<br />
and therefore many large heating installations are<br />
equipped with a flue gas analyzing apparatus for determining<br />
the percentage of gas present.<br />
Fig. 1. An Instrument That Aims at Simultaneous Record<br />
of CO, and CO in Flue Gas.<br />
There are many devices on the market for recording<br />
CO= and CO in flue gases separately and the<br />
bonus systems usually in force in the boilerroom are<br />
usually based upon the percentages of CO: determined<br />
by such instruments. Yet often the object of<br />
the system has been defeated by the fireman soon<br />
learning how to so manipulate the dampers as to<br />
produce a high CO: reading, which is generally taken<br />
as an indication of complete combustion whereas this<br />
is only true where no CO is present.<br />
The Mono monoxide recorder shown in Fi
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 101<br />
Improvement Needed in the Form of a Perfectly<br />
Tight, Flexible Closet Flange<br />
Are <strong>Plumber</strong>s To-day as Progressive as<br />
Twenty Years Ago?<br />
HAVING just rounded out 40 full and faithful<br />
years in the plumbing business, I must be getting<br />
old, for to-day I drifted into a day dream,<br />
a retrospect—a sure sign of approaching age. In<br />
imagination the years trooped before me, each with a<br />
banner inscribed with the practices then in vogue, and<br />
the improvements brought about.<br />
The first few years of my apprenticeship were lean<br />
indeed when it came to improvements. We were doing<br />
work then about as they did it in Nero's time back<br />
in ancient Rome. Lead and solder was the formula<br />
which expressed the state of the art at that time. It<br />
was a craft, a skilled trade, where to-day it is an engineering<br />
business. But the plumbers of that time<br />
were progressive; so were the manufacturers, otherwise<br />
there would have been no advancement in the<br />
craft. Zinc and copper-lined bath tubs were the best<br />
to be had. The carpenter got more out of setting the<br />
tub than the plumber did.<br />
But improvement was lurking near by. The porcelain<br />
lined iron and porcelain bath tub was offered the<br />
trade by the manufacturers and the plumbers adopted<br />
them with one accord. They were progressive in<br />
By Neal A. Egan<br />
A Practical <strong>Plumber</strong><br />
those days.<br />
The marble top, or the onyx top lavatory was the<br />
last word in elegance 20 years ago. Then came the<br />
vitreous china and the porcelain lined lavatories, and<br />
in less than a year they had driven the old oil-staining<br />
marble out of business.<br />
Those were manufacturers' improvements one might<br />
say, and in a measure they were so. Manufacturers<br />
at'that time were looking for and offering the best,<br />
and plumbers were only "too glad to accept the best.<br />
Now it would seem the plumbers and the manufacturers<br />
are willing to drift along on the prestige of their<br />
past accomplishments.<br />
What have plumbers contributed to plumbing practice<br />
within the past twenty years? Shall I say<br />
NOTHING?<br />
Traps, systems of venting and back venting, standards<br />
of weight and size, fresh-air ilets and main drain<br />
traps, all these were introduced and adopted by those<br />
who have passed before us. I can<br />
The Water-<br />
Connection<br />
Closet Floor<br />
not think of one contribution to<br />
plumbing practice within the past 20<br />
years. The fresh-air inlet and main<br />
drain trap have outlived their use<br />
fulness but are still retained in practice. Why?<br />
The old-time plumbers perfected everything they<br />
could in the drainage system—perfected everything<br />
but the verv insanitary, unworkmanlike and unsatis-<br />
factory putty joint at the closet connection. They<br />
would have perfected that, but nothing was offered by<br />
the manufacturers. There were no flexible metal-tometal<br />
connections in those days.<br />
One lonesome little improvement was left for their<br />
successors, and neither plumber nor manufacturer has<br />
risen to the occasion. The manufacturers almost made<br />
a goal, almost but not quite. They shortened the outlet<br />
horn of closets, then stopped short of furnishing<br />
that closet with a perfectly tight and permanently<br />
tight flexible flange.<br />
That is not the spirit of the manufacturer which<br />
gave us our superior plumbing fixtures. It is lacking<br />
in foresight, knowledge of the needs of the trade,<br />
progressiveness and that element of service which<br />
made it easy for early plumbers to adopt improvements<br />
because backed up by the manufacturers of the<br />
fittings needed.<br />
It is hard to believe that the manufacturers, the<br />
potters, who shortened the outlet horn, neglected at<br />
the same time to complete their incomplete fixtures<br />
by providing them witli a flexible metal-to-metal connection.<br />
By neglecting to do so they<br />
Fixtures actually stood in the way and barred<br />
Were Left progress. A metal-to-metal flange can<br />
Incomplete be had only through potters. One member<br />
of the flange is attached to the<br />
earthenware. The short outlet horn is capped like a<br />
crown tooth. Tlie jobber or plumber cannot purchase<br />
and attach the flanges for they are not sold to the<br />
jobbers or plumbers. Consequently the action of the<br />
potters was equivalent to saying:<br />
Here, you take this closet as we offer it without<br />
a flange, or take nothing.<br />
What they should have#done was to offer the closets<br />
either with or without a flexible flange. Then the<br />
plumbers exercising that old-time spirit of progressiveness<br />
could soon wipe the putty joint out of ex-<br />
istence<br />
It is not too late now. Let the potters adopt the<br />
policy either of putting a flange on every closet<br />
turned out, or offering to the trade stock closets with<br />
or without a metal-to-metal flange. If it is not on<br />
the market, it cannot be used. Get it started and it is<br />
up to the plumbers to do the rest.<br />
And the plumbers? Just leave it to them. The<br />
spirit of the old-timers is there still even if they did<br />
not leave us much to do. They have left us one blot<br />
to wipe out, and if the potters will only do their<br />
part, we will do the rest.
102 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
How to Adjust Bunsen Burners to Get Efficiency<br />
Some Troubles Experienced in Automatic Heaters<br />
Letters of a <strong>Plumber</strong> to His Helper<br />
Improper Working of Gas Water Heaters and Portable<br />
Room Heaters Often The Result of Poor Gas Supply<br />
Through Service Pipes Being Stopped With Frost<br />
WANT to know something about gas appliances.<br />
I There are quite a few in use in this town and<br />
the gas company does not now fit or repair them,<br />
although most of the appliances were sold by them<br />
when they sold gas fixtures as well as gas. The<br />
result is, that the plumbers now have to do any<br />
repairing or fitting of such things and none of the<br />
local plumbers seem to know very much about them.<br />
Recently there seems to have been an epidemic of<br />
trouble with gas water lieaters and this shop has<br />
had its sliare of the work, which has been done in a<br />
more or less—generally less—satisfactory way.<br />
HARRY.<br />
DEAR HARRY:<br />
I am inclined to think that much of the trouble<br />
you speak of in connection with gas water heaters is<br />
due to the cold weather. You are not so far away<br />
from us but that your weather conditions are almost<br />
the same as ours and this year we had severe frost<br />
before there was much snow to prevent<br />
Gas Water it going deep into the ground. The re-<br />
Heater suit is that a number of gas service pipes<br />
Trouble as well as water service pipes have been<br />
frozen or partly frozen. Such moisture<br />
as there is in the gas gathers on the walls of the<br />
pipes in the form of minute crystals of ice and the<br />
pressure and supplv is reduced very much. So you<br />
can see that with a reduced supply and pressure the<br />
adjustment of air and gas at the burners is altered<br />
and trouble develops.<br />
When a complaint is received that a gas water<br />
heater or a gas room heater is not giving satisfactorv<br />
service the first thing to look for is the amount of<br />
gas that is available. If there appears to be an am<br />
By William Hutton<br />
needle valve which is provided on some burners or<br />
by reducing the size of the aperture in the nozzle.<br />
If the water heater is of the instantaneous type<br />
which is set at the end of the bathtub to deliver hot<br />
water directly into the fixture, the burners may have<br />
become coated with soot through the use of too rich<br />
a mixture, the gauzes in the mixing chamber may be<br />
filled with dust so that air cannot pass freely through,<br />
or the top of the burner may be filled with carbon.<br />
A thorough cleaning will make them more efficient<br />
anyhow, so it is a good plan to look into this. If<br />
the heater is of the type connecting to the side of a<br />
range boiler see that the copper coils are clean.<br />
Deposits of carbon and other matters on the coils<br />
reduce the heat transmission very much and the use<br />
of a stiff wire brush will improve it. The same<br />
treatment for the burners as is recommended for bath<br />
heaters applies.<br />
House heaters are of such great variety that I cannot<br />
give you advice which will apply to all. Most<br />
radiators and small round heaters use gas without<br />
any admixture of air. If the gas supply is insufficient<br />
the flame at the burners will be reduced and of necessity<br />
the heating will be lowered. If they have become<br />
stopped, clean out the burners or<br />
Be Assured fit new ones. If the heater is of the<br />
of Good newer type burning gas and air with a<br />
Flame blue flame, see that the mixture is right<br />
and the color of the the flame will be<br />
your guide as in the water heaters. Remember that<br />
there is a point at which the flame has the highest<br />
efficiency. If it is too "soft" even although it is not<br />
yellow or smoky, tlie heating efficiency will be low<br />
ered. So if you can get a snappy flame with a good<br />
ple supply the burner itself may be at fault, but first cone in the center of it, which will not "pop" when<br />
make sure that the supply is sufficient. If it is nob lighting or shutting off the supply, you will find that<br />
the flame probably will light back into the mixing the heater will give satisfaction.<br />
chamber of the burner. If there are lighting fixtures Then you have the automatic heaters which operate<br />
tlie reduced illumination is cut down by reason of by the pressure of water in the service pipes. Tliese<br />
freezing in the service pipes.<br />
are connected direct to the fixtures and a diaphragm<br />
When there is a proper mixture of gas and air, a valve operates the gas supply when the opening of a<br />
bunsen burner will produce a clear flame approach faucet reduces the water pressure and so allows the<br />
ing a violet color with a greenish cone in the center. gas valve to lift.<br />
If the whole flame is hard and blue there is too<br />
much air for the amount of gas passing through,<br />
In addition to the pressure operation, such lieaters<br />
often have a thermostatic control so that if the water<br />
and closing the air shutter will help it if the gas<br />
pressure is normal.<br />
should become overheated by slow drawing while the<br />
gas flame is in full operation, the thermostatic valve<br />
If the flame shows tinges of yellow there is too will shut off the gas until the temperature of the<br />
much gas being used and the air shutter should be water has been lowered to the point at which the<br />
opened more. If opening the air shutter to the limit heater has been designed to supply it.<br />
does not improve the flame and yellow still sliows, These, as you will find, are somewhat harder to ad<br />
the gas nozzle should be adjusted, either by the just as there are more things to go wrong with them.
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 103<br />
Studv the makers' directions, which almost always are<br />
found hung near to the heater if the owner is ordinarily<br />
careful of his property. The by-pass or pilot<br />
light in the heater has to be cleaned from time to time<br />
as it becomes carbonized and it is well to see that this<br />
is working properly first. Then try out the burners<br />
to see that the flame is right. If the burners work<br />
properly when the valve allows the gas valve to open<br />
and a sufficient supply of hot water is not given, see<br />
if the heating surfaces are not foul. If the valves do<br />
not operate properly they may need new packings or<br />
cleaning of plungers with fine emery cloth. The relief<br />
hole in the plunger may be stopped if the gas<br />
keeps on burning after the water faucet has been<br />
shut off.<br />
If, after you have the heater working well, there<br />
is still a complaint that the water is not hot enough<br />
or that too much gas is required to provide the amount<br />
of hot water required, see if the heater<br />
Heater has been set correctly. There may be<br />
Should Be long runs of piping losing heat or stor-<br />
Properly Set ing up a large amount of water which<br />
must be drawn off before hot water<br />
comes at the faucets. If this is so, advise the changing<br />
of the piping so as to obviate this loss as much as<br />
possible.<br />
If you do not understand the working of the heater,<br />
get a diagram from the maker before you begin to<br />
make any adjustments requiring taking it apart. Then<br />
you will be able to understand the mechanism and<br />
appreciate when it is working as it ought to be.<br />
Sorry if this answer is somewhat sketchy. It cannot<br />
be otherwise when applied to heaters unless some<br />
particular type is referred to and then the working<br />
parts could be described. But at least it may serve<br />
to show you what.should be looked for when trouble<br />
is reported and, as I said before, you probably will<br />
find that insufficient gas supply is the reason for<br />
vour present "epidemic. '<br />
LEN A. HAND.<br />
The Public Protected by Plumbing Law<br />
People realize the benefit they derive from the<br />
laws and regulations that have been procured by<br />
plumbers when they are shown so that they see and<br />
understand them. Then who should do the teaching<br />
To protect their own interests the plumbers<br />
must do it or their customers will support the contention<br />
of their builders, who say plumbing costs<br />
too much because it must be done in an unnecessary<br />
way as brought about by the plumber. If the people<br />
are told all about it, the bad influence now being<br />
exerted by the builders will fail.<br />
In Raleigh, N. C> the authorities are proceeding<br />
along correct lines for the public welfare as the<br />
following from a local paper indicates:<br />
In the future, all plumbers applying for license to follow<br />
their trade in the city must stand examination before a<br />
regular board of plumbing examiners. If they pass the<br />
required tests, they will be granted a license. They must<br />
qualify regardless of whether they hold a union card.<br />
The commissioners are preparing an ordinance governing<br />
the new plumbing plans, but Commissioner Bray has already<br />
submitted the names of John Thiem, Eric Hill and<br />
C A Bridgers as members of the examining board.<br />
In carrying out strict plumbing inspection in the future,<br />
Commissioner Bray has added an assistant plumbing inspector,<br />
who will aid Inspector John Thiem in seeing that<br />
every inch of plumbing in the city is properly installed.<br />
The new assistant is F. H. Howell, who receives a salary<br />
of $1,800 per annum.<br />
The new plans will be important to property owners and<br />
will insure high-grade plumbing at all times.<br />
Cleveland Storm Center for Sanitary<br />
Codes<br />
The labor relations committee of the Chamber of<br />
Commerce, in a report made on the plumbers' strike<br />
which began June 1, arraigns the whole system under<br />
which the plumbing trade operates in the Cleveland<br />
district.<br />
The committee declares:<br />
1. That the plumbing business virtually is<br />
dominated by the plumbers' union.<br />
2. That the plumbing code by requiring the<br />
licensing of journeymen plumbers makes it possible<br />
to limit the number of men in the trade<br />
here to a point far short of the demand.<br />
3. That the rules and regulations of the<br />
union contribute to the difficulties of employing<br />
men and add to the labor costs in construction.<br />
4. That the restriction of the number of<br />
men in the trade here has led to "abnormal and<br />
unjustifiable competition" among the employers<br />
to get men regardless of wage scale agreements.<br />
5. That there exists in the plumbing industry<br />
a condition which is a menace to all building<br />
operations in Cleveland and an example of the<br />
danger lurking in the closed shop plan.<br />
The committee declares the blame for the conditions<br />
which have made this situation possible rests as<br />
much with the contractors who made unwise agreements<br />
as with the unions.<br />
It does not enter into the merits of the present<br />
wage demands of the plumbers' union ($12 a day<br />
with all tools furnished), stating it prefers instead<br />
to show facts as to actual working conditions.<br />
It does condemn the plumbers' union for unwillingness<br />
to accept arbitration of its demands under the<br />
agreement of the Building Trades Council with the<br />
Building Trades Employers' Association.<br />
And, specifically, it recommends the immediate repeal<br />
of those sections of the present plumbing code<br />
in Cleveland which require the licensing of journey<br />
men plumbers.<br />
The committee submits statements of union officials<br />
and employers to show:<br />
1. That a journeyman plumber cannot get<br />
work in Cleveland until he has obtained the red<br />
card which shows he has passed the examination<br />
under the city code.<br />
2. That although the codes of suburban cities<br />
do not contain anv such restrictions, union regulations<br />
prevent the employment of such men<br />
anywhere in Greater Cleveland unless they have<br />
complied with the Cleveland requirements.
1(1. METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
3. That it takes two to three weeks in many<br />
cases to pass the examinations and get the cards<br />
and that therefore many plumbers have been<br />
unwilling to come to Cleveland even when offered<br />
jobs here.<br />
1. That despite the fact the city has had a<br />
July 23, 192.<br />
building boom for several years past the number<br />
of plumbers licensed has not increased sub-<br />
stan tially.<br />
The number of plumbers in the last four years, report<br />
says, has been as follows: 1917, 801; 1918,<br />
684; 1919, 719; 1920, 720.<br />
Self Confidence and Nerve<br />
Both of These Characteristics Very Apparent in The<br />
National Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
M O S T people, who make a success of anything,<br />
arc possessed of two qualities that have more<br />
or les-, to do with their achievements. The<br />
same is true of a body of men, and in the National<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association there are present the<br />
qualities that have made for the success of the American<br />
Army in France, the reason why Alvin York was<br />
acclaimed the war's most notable here, and a whole<br />
basketful of such things.<br />
One thing that adds to the success of anybody is<br />
a grain or two of self-confidence and a dash of nerve.<br />
One i.s hardly present without the otlier and evidently<br />
master plumbers are supplied with both. This is not<br />
a knock but a boost and a similar spirit in other <strong>org</strong>anizations<br />
would add to the power of the association<br />
and go far toward the building of a courage that<br />
would not ebb when reverses come, sometimes all but<br />
too thick.' Both of the qualities are evident to those<br />
who have kept pace with the success of the National<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association after passing through<br />
their recent crisis.<br />
Some of the people besides the members of the<br />
master plumbers' <strong>org</strong>anization have a hunch that the<br />
National Bureau of Standardization of iilumbing materials<br />
and installation will attain results because of<br />
those same qualities. Great is the work contemplated.<br />
Standardization means economy and efficiency in both<br />
theory and practice. However, efficiency should not<br />
be sacrificed for false economy.<br />
It behooves each <strong>org</strong>anization interested in standardization<br />
to give that active support and cooperation<br />
so necessary to secure the results demanded. Organizations<br />
are very much like trees, houses, cows<br />
and human beings, too, for we know that nothing in<br />
this world stands still and lives. If a tree is alive,<br />
or a boy is alive and kicking, there is constant growth.<br />
When a tree or boy or <strong>org</strong>anization stands still and<br />
fails to grow or change, it dies. There are dead <strong>org</strong>anizations<br />
just as every once in a while when we are<br />
out walking we come to a dead tree, but we don't want<br />
our American Society of Sanitary Engineering to<br />
stand still and become a dead one.<br />
At our last annual meeting we pledged the standardization<br />
bureau our support. Your committee is on<br />
the job and expects the support and cooperation of<br />
*President American Society of Sanitary Engineering.<br />
By Major William C. Groeniger*<br />
each individual member. The National Bureau of<br />
Standardization of Plumbing Materials has adopted<br />
the recommendation of the Sanitary Potters' Association,<br />
eliminating "the horn waste opening of closets."<br />
This action has brought forth considerable criticisms.<br />
None of the criticisms offered that have been<br />
brought to my attention warrant a reconsideration of<br />
this all-important question. In fact, most of the<br />
criticisms offered against the elimination of the "horn<br />
waste opening" emphasize the necessity and importance<br />
of a fool-proof closet connection, the isrojection<br />
horn of which has little or no bearing. Most of the<br />
criticisms and objections coming from the trade are<br />
mechanical and irrelevant to the elimination of the<br />
projection horn. We welcome your condemnations<br />
and commendations.<br />
O .MUAJJ JU> LrJ C-i4j<br />
Melt together equal parts of<br />
shellac, white resin and car<br />
bolic acid in crystals; add the<br />
ast after the others are melted.
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 105<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Used to Protect Moving Picture Films<br />
Fig. 1.—Fireproof Building with Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Ceiling<br />
and Film Boxes Shown in Lett Foreground.<br />
Absolute Safety Assured When Surrounded by Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
and Other Fireproof Material<br />
T H E demand for fireproof building construction increases<br />
each year and, with the advent of new industries,<br />
new uses for it develop. The moving picture<br />
film producer has been one of the most recent to<br />
realize its advantages and utilize them.<br />
Sheet metal is recognized as one of the best fireproof<br />
materials and from the beginning films have<br />
been carried about in a metal receptacle. But now a<br />
film exchange, where numbers of these films must be<br />
constantlv stored, has gone even further and in addition<br />
to' occupying a fireproof building with sheet<br />
metal ceiling, as shown in Fig. 1, has had erected<br />
inside terra cotta brick vaults, concrete and covered<br />
and ventilated, where films still in their sheet metal<br />
boxes can be stored with absolute safety. Iheir extreme<br />
inflammability and value fully justify these apparently<br />
excessive precautions.<br />
This building is located on Vernon Avenue, just<br />
north of Webster Avenue in Long Island City, and<br />
will be occupied bv the Lloyd Film Storage Corporation.<br />
It is constructed of brick, measures 50 x 200 x<br />
I5I/2 ft. and has large sliding doors at both ends.<br />
Originallv designed for a garage, it still has the general<br />
outside earmarks of such, since the chief changes<br />
in the plans have been only the omission of a gasoline<br />
tank and the erection of storage vaults.<br />
On the five-plv tar and gravel roof, as shown in<br />
Fig 2 are twelve No. 24 galvanized iron wire glass<br />
skylights, 5 v 10 ft. each, with ridge vent. The two<br />
5-in. copper leaders running from roof to the ground.<br />
are trapped at the foot and connected to a common<br />
drain The sheet metal work throughout the building<br />
was done by the A. H. Jeter & Co., 35 Webster<br />
Avenue, Long Island City, N. Y.<br />
The 1-in. deep concrete floor has 5 in. of cinder<br />
as bedding and is provided with a 3-in. drain and<br />
trap, piped through an oil separator to the public<br />
sewer. The ceiling is made up of No. 26 gage "V"<br />
crimped galvanized iron sheets' laid on V_X n - wall<br />
board, nailed to the spruce roof beams.<br />
Along the south side of the building have been<br />
erected three sets of two vaults each. Fig. 2 shows<br />
them in the process of construction, one near the front<br />
being practically completed. Each set measures<br />
7V2 x 19V_ x 8 ft. and is constructed of fireproof terra<br />
cotta brick covered with concrete. A center wall<br />
equally divides the compartment and the resulting<br />
Fig.<br />
Strong and S'imply Installed Wall Radiator<br />
*> Hanger.<br />
vaults are back ventilated to the roof to reduce the<br />
danger of spontaneous combustion of the stored films.<br />
The films are all placed in sheet metal boxes such as<br />
are piled against the vault at the right of Fig. 2 and<br />
there is also a pile of the boxes on the floor at the left.<br />
In the rear south corner of the building is the office,
IOC METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
Fig. Skylight Arrangement with Detail of Construction<br />
while the only excavated section is directly beneath.<br />
This basement is 16 x 18 ft.and contains the source of<br />
the building's heat. A steam heating system consisting<br />
of a Thatcher Progress No. 728 boiler, as shown<br />
in Fig 3, having triangular grates of 8.8 sq. ft. area<br />
and 14 wall radiators distributed about the building on<br />
two heating circuits, has been installed. Rising directly<br />
upward from the boiler to within a few feet of<br />
the ceiling of the main floor is the supply main which<br />
there divides into two 2-in. branches, one line continuing<br />
straight along one side of the building, as shown<br />
overhead at the right in Fig. 1. The other line, after<br />
a right angle turn around the office, crosses the building<br />
and runs along other wall, where at end it drops<br />
down and connects with the last radiator, as shown in<br />
Fig. 4.<br />
The fourteen wall radiators are 5 or 10-section<br />
units. Each section has 9 sq. ft. of radiating surface,<br />
so that they expose 45 and 90 sq. ft., respectively.<br />
Along the wall at the right in Fig. 1 are three 10-section<br />
and two 5-section radiators. At both the front<br />
and rear is a 10-section unit placed on opposite sides<br />
of the door, while the office requires only a 5-section<br />
radiator. Six 10-section units are located equi-distant<br />
along the other side wall. This arrangement gives a<br />
total radiating surface of 1,135 sq. ft. for the main<br />
floor, of which 45 sq. ft. are in the office.<br />
The office measures 16 sq. ft. and 15% ft. high. It<br />
has two exposed walls, or a total exposed surface of<br />
16 x 15^2 x2 = 496 sq. ft. There is a transom door<br />
3 x0y2 ft. and a transom double window 6x 10 ft.,<br />
making a total glass surface of 88 sq. ft. If 4 sq. ft.<br />
of wall are equal to 1 sq. ft. of glass surface, then<br />
4,9g — 88 -f- 4 gives the total wall surface equal to<br />
102 sq. ft. of glass surface. Therefore the total E. G.<br />
S. equal^02 -f- 88 or 190jsq. ft.<br />
Assuming each square foot of E. G. S. loses 85 B. t.<br />
u. per hour, then the total loss would be 16,150 B. t. u.<br />
per hour. For 70 deg. temperature indoors against<br />
zero outdoors, wall radiators give off 250 B. t. u. per<br />
hour per sq. ft. of radiating surface. Then the total<br />
radiation in this room will be 45 X 250 = 11,250 B. t.<br />
u. per hour. The 4,900 B. t. u. difference between the<br />
heat losses (16,150, and the heat radiated (11,250), is<br />
made up by the heat radiated from the piping and<br />
boiler directly beneath this office.<br />
When conditions like this are present, it is good<br />
practice to take that source of heat into account and<br />
make a reasonable allowance. This will save on radi<br />
ator installation and prevent excessively<br />
high temperatures being produced in<br />
the room.<br />
The total radiating surface distributed<br />
about the rest of the building is<br />
sufficient to maintain the large main<br />
floor at the comfortable temperature of<br />
55 Fahr. in zero weather.<br />
The radiators are attached to the<br />
wall by the specially designed and effective<br />
hanger shown in Fig. 5, made of<br />
No. 12 gage wrought iron by A. H.<br />
Jeter & Co. It is cut out in a press and<br />
formed to a right angle with holes for<br />
lag screws to fasten on to the wall.<br />
The other end is cut in a semi-circle to<br />
fit under the connection between sections<br />
of the radiator.<br />
Tlie overhead drop feed system is used for connecting<br />
the radiators. Piping drops down from the overhead<br />
main and connects at the top of the radiator, as<br />
shown in Fig. 4, while the return from the opposite<br />
end connects with the dry return main laid in a covered<br />
ditch or trench along the side wall. Eaeh radiator<br />
has the usual steam supply and air valve and just<br />
before the return connects with the return main in the<br />
pit, a swinging check valve is set in place to prevent<br />
any back-up of the return.<br />
The 5 x 10-ft. skylights located on the roof are<br />
made of No. 24 galvanized iron. As shown in Fig. 2,<br />
Fig. 4. Showing Connections to a Wall Radiato r Hung<br />
on Two Jeter Hangers.
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUM<br />
they have a ridge vent, ^-in. thick wired glass, 2 2-in.<br />
gutter and a square leader. The sides are pivoted to<br />
swing open for ventilation and are controlled from inside<br />
of the building.<br />
As a final fire protection precaution a sprinkler system<br />
has been installed and since the vaults occupy<br />
only a small part of the available space on the main<br />
Fig. 3. <strong>Steam</strong> Boiler Showing Supply Main in Rear and<br />
Return in Foreground.<br />
floor, the remainder will be used as a workshop and<br />
quarters for the inspection and winding of the films.<br />
More Zinc Used in Government Paints<br />
Standard Paint Specifications, under which the<br />
Government is recommended hereafter to purchase<br />
paints for use of the Army, Navy and other departments,<br />
have been determined upon by the Inter-Departmental<br />
Committee for the Standardization of<br />
Paint Specifications. The decision which resulted<br />
from months of investigation and tests, is being<br />
brought to the attention of the trade by the New<br />
Jersey Zinc Co., 160 Front Street, New York City,<br />
includes the following:<br />
Two features are significant: First, the importance<br />
of zinc oxide in increasing proporfions is recognized<br />
by paint technologists on the committee; second, the<br />
latitude afforded by the specifications permits a large<br />
field of paint manufacturers to compete for Govern<br />
ment business.<br />
The pigment proportions of the specifications fol<br />
low:<br />
Minimum Maximum<br />
Percentage Percentage<br />
Zinc Oxide _ - - - - - 3° 55<br />
Lead (total, including either one or<br />
mixture of carbonate and sulphate) 45 70<br />
Inerts and colors - - 0 "*<br />
The purpose of these specifications is to provide<br />
for the purchase of prepared paints generally available<br />
in any section of the country without requiring<br />
paint manufacturers to make up special batches*. It is<br />
believed these specifications will include the formulae<br />
of the majority of high grade paints on the market.<br />
Of particular interest to paint manufacturers and<br />
ERANDSTEAMFITTER 107<br />
users is the high proportion of zinc oxide introduced<br />
into the Government formula. Tliis is regarded as one<br />
of the most sweeping official acknowledgments of this<br />
pigment's utility in paint yet recorded. Less than ten<br />
years ago, except in the Navy and lighthouse service,<br />
no zinc oxide was included in paints used by the<br />
Government. Zinc oxide now composes 60 per cent<br />
of the pigment of Battleship gray paint that covers<br />
battleships and other U. S. naval craft.<br />
American produced zinc oxide, however, has helped<br />
to paint the British navy for 50 years; while F"rance<br />
has been an exponent of zinc in paint for a long<br />
period, it was not until technical experts urged a mixture<br />
of zinc oxide in paint that Washington took official<br />
notice of it.<br />
Now, the Capitol Dome is covered with paint, containing<br />
zinc so that rust may be deterred; army cantonments<br />
are clothed with zinc paint, both inside and<br />
out, and during the war, zinc paint aided in camouflaging<br />
the big field guns in France as well as transports<br />
and battleships.<br />
Recognition of Zinc's efficiency has been a factor in<br />
the greatly increased popularity of ready-mixed<br />
paints. The durability of such paints make their use<br />
economical and they possess other advantageous qualities<br />
that commend them to users.<br />
High-grade, ready-mixed paints include varying<br />
proportions of zinc oxide which range from 30 to 55<br />
per cent. The liberal limits allowed by the Inter-<br />
Departmental Committee, however, insure the zinc<br />
portion being close to the higher figure inasmuch as<br />
zinc possesses great oil absorption properties and<br />
gives paint increased covering power.<br />
Zinc paint also possesses color constancy. It has a<br />
tough, hard film.<br />
Tools For Turning Radiator Valve Spuds<br />
By SKRAV<br />
TVT O man can be a first-class mechanic who stays in<br />
one shop all the time. He must get new ideas<br />
from other mechanics in his own line either by word<br />
of mouth or in print. There was a time when tinners<br />
served 7 years as apprentices and then were supposed<br />
to travel 3 years longer working under instructions<br />
before they could call themselves tradesmen or "journeymen."<br />
This journeying from one place to another<br />
is probably how the word "journeyman" came about.<br />
I often wonder what the boys of to-day would<br />
think of going through such a school. Luckily for<br />
them it is not necessary. They can cut their apprenticeship<br />
in two by a careful study of their trade papers<br />
because all they could learn on the road will be found<br />
sooner or later printed for their special benefit.<br />
Such knowledge generally comes in small packages,<br />
but mechanical ability consists of a lot of small things.<br />
Here is one:<br />
I watched a steam fitter trying to take the spud ot
108 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23. 1920<br />
a radiator valve out of the radiator a short time ago.<br />
As you probably know, there are two projections opposite<br />
each other on the inside of each nipple spud<br />
for the purpose of turning it in and out. This man<br />
had a file, a chisel and a couple of nails stuck into<br />
the spud to make the file fit. He used a Trimo<br />
wrench (a bad thing for the wrench, by the way) on<br />
the file and monkeyed around until he broke the file.<br />
Then I left.<br />
Now in our shop we have two simple little tools<br />
that are just the thing for this purpose whicli we<br />
always carry with us on new or old work. The illustration<br />
shows about all that is necessary so that anyone<br />
can make them. However, it may be well to say<br />
that one is made 5js in. long and 1 15-16 in. wide<br />
©<br />
'__<br />
\S\<br />
Tools for Turning Radiator Valve Spuds.<br />
at one end and 1 7-16 in. at the other, and is used for<br />
2 and I'X-in. valves and the other is made 4^ in.<br />
long and 1 3-16 in. wide at one end and 1 5-16 in.<br />
at the other, and is used for \\'T, and 1-in. valves.<br />
They are made of steel. The holes are used to carry<br />
them on a rong. The thickness is Y% in. The other<br />
shape and dimensions are as shown.<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> for Fire Protection<br />
It will be a gratification to all in the sheet metal<br />
industry, certainly sheet metal workers, to note that<br />
the National Fire Protection Association in an illustrated<br />
circular has the following to say in behalf of<br />
sheet metal construction. One of the illustrations<br />
sliows a standard fire door under which is this caption:<br />
In a large paper warehouse in which everything in one<br />
section was destroyed by fire, a line of standard tin-clad<br />
fire doors effectively protected all stories of the adjoining<br />
section. The aceonipanying photograph shows one of the<br />
doors. Self-releasing timbers saved the walls from wreck,<br />
and the doors kept the fire in the burning section. Note<br />
the integrity of the standard hardware and the unwarped<br />
body of the door, due to its well-selected lumber and proper<br />
nailing. Nothing happened to it but the bite the fire took<br />
out of the core exposed in the little round gas-vent.<br />
Tlie following extracts are from the circular:<br />
We cannot be expected to tear down our cities and rebuild<br />
them of fire-resisting material; the cities must be protected<br />
a.s they stand. In the heart of nearly every city there are<br />
streets crossing at right angles, along which for a very<br />
considerable distance are buildings of brick, stone and concrete.<br />
This shows a more or less complete Maltese -;ross<br />
of buildings which are not wood and which operate to divide<br />
the wooden-built district into quarter sections, and which<br />
might hold a fire in any one of these sections if they were<br />
equipped to do so. These brick and stone buildings are<br />
ordinarily valueless as firestops, because their windows are<br />
of thin glass and tlieir window frames of wood. At Baltimore<br />
and San Francisco the conflagration attacked such<br />
buildings easily, breaking out the panes, consuming the<br />
frames, and converting every story of these structures into<br />
horizontal flues full of combustible contents. Brick and<br />
stone buildings are logical and capable firestops if the fire<br />
can be kept out of them. The small city that will trace out<br />
its Maltese cross of such buildings and equip them with<br />
metal window frames and wired glass or standard fire<br />
shutters will immediately possess the equivalent of substantial<br />
fire walls crossing at right angles in its center,<br />
dividing it into four sections. By such a simple, inexpensive,<br />
but yet strategic procedure, many a city may save<br />
itself from the destruction which now awaits only the right<br />
kind of a fire on the right kind of a night.<br />
We have referred in this plan merely to the smaller cities,<br />
but it is obvious that this form of protection is especially<br />
imperative in the brick, stone and concrete districts of all<br />
large cities where valuable goods are housed in close proximity.<br />
Fires in the large cities entail an enormous waste<br />
because of the great values assembled there. We must come<br />
eventually to the equipment of all commercial, factory and<br />
office buildings with metal window frames and wired glass.<br />
This will mean the abolition of the conflagration hazard in<br />
our cities. Fires will then be unit fires, extinguished easily<br />
by a competent fire department within the building in which<br />
they originate; for the protection of window openings not<br />
only prevents fire from entering, but prevents fire from<br />
issuing out of the burning building. We may expect an occasional<br />
exceedingly hot fire to break down the defense of<br />
an adjoining building, but it is obvious that a conflagration<br />
could not get under way among buildings of fire-resistive<br />
construction with properly protected window openings.<br />
Whether exposed to possible fire from adjacent buildings<br />
or not, there should be no wooden frames or trim about the<br />
windows, for under strong draught fire frequently creeps<br />
up outside from story to story by means of the windows,<br />
consuming the wood trim and igniting contents of the building<br />
on each floor. <strong>Metal</strong> window frames are now so constructed<br />
that they will stand very considerable exposure<br />
to fire without buckling or releasing the glass, and their<br />
liberal use in all varieties of buildings is greatly to be<br />
desired. The sashes may be operated as conveniently as<br />
those of any other window. It is of course possible for<br />
heat to radiate through tliose windows and sometimes ignite<br />
combustible goods inside, but where the exposure is especially<br />
severe a tin clad wooden shutter back of the window<br />
inside the building will afford almost perfect heat msulation<br />
from outside fire attack.<br />
As outside wall-opening protection may be afforded in<br />
this manner the spread of fire inside buildings may also be<br />
checked by proper equipment of inside wall openings with<br />
standard fire doors, of which there are several varieties, any<br />
of which if properly installed in a fire wall will confine "a<br />
fire to the burning section.<br />
The persistence of sweeping fires, inside and out, can<br />
only be due to the indifference of those who might stop<br />
them. The physical means of stopping them are simple and<br />
effective, and the citizen who by such means converts a<br />
building of horizontal flues into a fire barrier may at any<br />
moment prove the saviour of his city.<br />
"So she married a plumber?"<br />
Plumb Ridiculous<br />
"Yes, and he wears a plug instead of a cap. As a<br />
result of the union he buys nipples by the dozen and<br />
works like 'ell applying grease to his elbows at high<br />
pressure. He never fusses with tees on account of<br />
leaky check valves in his heart. He claims he fell<br />
into an ideal trap and hasn't been able to thread his<br />
way out. His marriage is no pipe, its a coupling, but<br />
his poeketbook hasn't leaked so fast since he made a<br />
tight joint with the union."
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 109<br />
Thermometer and Sprinkler System Protest<br />
During Value Determination Test<br />
Inside Casings of Pipeless Furnaces<br />
T H E R E are a number of manufacturers who are<br />
The results found and conclusions arrived at<br />
are given in the report of E .C. Anderson,<br />
manager of furnace department, of Buck's.<br />
Stove & Range Co., St. Louis, Mo.<br />
selling pipeless furnaces without casings, simply<br />
shipping the castings and allowing the dealer to<br />
manufacture his own casing. We have felt sure that<br />
these manufacturers did not realize the importance<br />
of the proper construction of the inside casing on a<br />
pipeless furnace. We were convinced of this because<br />
of the large variation discovered in the circulation<br />
and in the efficiency of the different makes of<br />
furnaces that we tested when we brought out the<br />
present line of Buck's furnaces.<br />
Recently one of our travelers sent in an order for<br />
some pipeless furnaces without casing. In order to<br />
see whether we were fanatical or not in regard to our<br />
views we tested the matter out thoroughly as follows:<br />
The test started just after lunch. The paper that started<br />
the kindling was weighed, also the kindling and coal, and<br />
a record was made of the time and number of pounds of<br />
coal put on the fire as the test went along. Readings were<br />
taken every 15 min. on the velocity and the temperature<br />
of the air'coming from the register; also the temperature<br />
of the outside casing at a point half way between the<br />
register and the bottom of the furnace. This test continued<br />
all afternoon, and the fire was held over night to<br />
run the test all the next day.<br />
The furnace was then uncased and an inside casing was<br />
put on, made only of black iron, without any air space,<br />
without anv lining, or, in other words, the crudest inside<br />
casing that' could be conceived. In other words, the 16 in.<br />
asbestos board and the corrugated iron that is used on<br />
the construction of inside casing of Buck furnace, was removed.<br />
This iron used in latter furnace, it is interesting<br />
to note, is made up in a special machine which makes a<br />
sharp edge, making the point of the contact with mam<br />
easing the verv least that is possible to have. The asbestos<br />
board is placed between the flat casing sheet and the corrugated<br />
iron and is not pasted to the casing but is held in<br />
there loosely by means of the rivets going through between<br />
the two casings.<br />
After the poor inside casing had been put in place the<br />
firing tests of previous day were duplicated. The fire was<br />
built at exactly the same time with exactly the same amount<br />
of paper, kindling and coal. It was replenished at exactly<br />
the same time and exactly the same number of pounds of<br />
coal, or, in other words, the operation was duplicated so<br />
far as producing heat was concerned.<br />
All the 15-min. readings are not given but, the high points<br />
of the two tests will be given. The first is the test of furnace<br />
with good inside casing.<br />
With the furnace running at the highest possible speed<br />
the air velocity coming from the register was T95 ft. per<br />
minute. The hotter the furnace got the faster the air circulated,<br />
which was as it should be. The hottest temperature<br />
of the outside casing was 190 deg. The temperature of<br />
the air coming from the register was 410 deg.<br />
This test was a duplication of the firing method exactly<br />
and readings as in the first test were at same intervals.<br />
After 15 min and then at the end of the next 15 min. or 30<br />
min after the fire had been started it was found in both<br />
of these tests that tlie speed of the air was increasing.<br />
But at the end of 45 min., or at the time to take he third<br />
reading in the second test it was found that thc speed of<br />
the air had dropped down to the point<br />
Test of Fur- where it was between the readings taken<br />
. , p<br />
at the end of 15 and the end of 30 min.<br />
nace with foor F m m that tiftl(1 on the circulation<br />
Inside Casing dropped back until it became so low<br />
that when the furnace was running at a<br />
good rate of speed, it dropped down to only 160 ft. per<br />
minute. The outside casing raised to the extreme temperature<br />
of 375 deg. Not only did the air slow down and not<br />
only did the heat go out through the casings, but the circulation<br />
of the air was so slow and so poor it did not carry<br />
the heat away from the castings, and the furnace became<br />
so hot that it was feared that it would melt and run. The<br />
thermometer that was used at the register line only recorded<br />
up to 642 deg. and the circulation of the air was so<br />
slow through the furnace that it became so overheated it<br />
broke the thermometer because of the expansion of the<br />
mercury in the thermometer.<br />
A few minutes after the thermometer broke thc room<br />
became so hot that it melted off one of the heads of the<br />
sprinkling system and a flood of water came down which<br />
stopped the test and automatically turned in the fire alarm.<br />
It was very plain to see the difference between a<br />
good inside casing on a furnace and a poor one.<br />
About 3 years ago the furnace industry of the<br />
United States dropped to the lowest point on account<br />
of the poor installation of pipe furnaces.<br />
Along came the pipeless furnace which gave the<br />
us*er more heat for less money in the way of fuel, bet<br />
ter distribution of heat than was the case in many<br />
poorly installed pipe jobs.<br />
We do not say, by any means, that a pipe job can<br />
not be put in that is better than a pipeless job. But<br />
we do want to take things as they are and say frankly<br />
that the poor pipe jobs far outnumber the good ones.<br />
The public is only interested in results. They have<br />
come to a conclusion that pipe jobs are not satisfac<br />
tory and are demanding pipeless furnaces, so that the<br />
pipeless furnace industry has grown to large volume.<br />
We predict, if the manufacturer does not build a real<br />
inside lining and insists that this be used on each and<br />
every one of his pipeless furnaces, that we have<br />
reached the high point in the pipeless furnace busi<br />
ness and that it will begin to drop off and the business<br />
will depreciate the same as it did several years<br />
ago on account of poor installations of pipe jobs.<br />
Airplane Engine Silencer<br />
It has been announced from Geneva that a silencer<br />
for airplane engines, more highly developed than an<br />
automobile muffler, is announced by a Swiss airplane<br />
firm as the invention of its chief engineer.
110 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
American Expert Responds to Request<br />
of English Heating Contractor<br />
More Furnace Trade Abroad?<br />
Inside Air Supply Avoids Dust and Dirt That Are<br />
Largely Due to Bad Work<br />
F'T is a pleasure to acknowledge one response from<br />
-*• American furnace engineers to the strictures made<br />
on furnace heating by an English house and fur<br />
ther suggestions will be gladly presented. The fol<br />
lowing is from John Lynch, representative of the<br />
Estate Stove Co. in the Southern territory:<br />
Messrs. F. A. NORRIS & Co.,<br />
11-12 St. Andrews Hill,<br />
Queen Victoria Street,<br />
London. Eng.<br />
GENTLEMEN: ,<br />
The editor of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER ANO<br />
STEAM FITTER invites replies to your recent communication<br />
presented in the issue of July 2 outlining<br />
past experiences with warm-air furnaces in England.<br />
Being located in a portion of the United States with<br />
climatic conditions similar to yours, the writer may<br />
perhaps bring out some of your possible troubles and<br />
remedies for them.<br />
The state of Mississippi, which is in my district,<br />
lies in the southern part of the United States and the<br />
lower Mississippi Valley. Parts of it are so moist<br />
that we have to install our furnaces above ground.<br />
All portions of it are quite humid. The state has<br />
very little snow and its average winter temperature<br />
is around freezing. There are no records of below<br />
zero weather.<br />
House heating in the past has largely been by open<br />
fires. As you probably know, the closed stove is almost<br />
universally used in the United States for heating<br />
where there are no furnaces, but this state follows<br />
your English fashion of using grates. We have<br />
made a great many warm-air installations in Mississippi,<br />
which give perfect satisfaction, many of them<br />
having replaced hot water and steam jobs. A preference<br />
is arising for air heat because it is more responsive<br />
to temperature changes, is more economical<br />
and is simpler to run. Price receives very little consideration.<br />
I believe it is an established fact that water and<br />
steam heating plants can only show economy with<br />
continuous operation. Warm air can be operated intermittently<br />
as economically as continuously.<br />
The complaints you make against the furnaces you<br />
installed were formerly made against similar systems<br />
in our district. But since we introduced the recirculation<br />
type of furnace, with an adequate humidifier, and<br />
have seen that our piping is tight, we have no complaints<br />
of dust and soot.<br />
The use of outside air is based on fallacious ideas<br />
Dust and dirt from the outside atmosphere is necessarily<br />
drawn into the house and deposited on the<br />
walls, draperies, furniture, etc. If inside air only is<br />
used, no dirt will be introduced, and if humidity conditions<br />
are kept right, less dust will be stirred up than<br />
by exposed water and steam radiators.<br />
Warm Air<br />
Leaks out thru<br />
Walks rops to RepJoc^ v\ I '<br />
1 \C-p\a Air Drawn A, V '<br />
into Furnace )<br />
Cold'——-»T~»>* I50"F<br />
Air Pis placed ~\V70° F. t<br />
RECIRCULATING<br />
Outside<br />
rAir. Cf.<br />
With the Outside Air Supply at Zero Arranged as Shown<br />
in Upper Diagram an Additional 1% B. t. u. per<br />
Cubic Foot Is Required When Air Supply Is Arranged<br />
as in Lower Diagram.<br />
Decidedly less fuel is required for a recirculating<br />
system and a much better distribution of heat is obtained<br />
because of the natural circulation induced by<br />
the displacement of warmer and colder air currents.<br />
1 am presenting a drawing illustrating circulation in<br />
buildings heated with recirculating installation compared<br />
to one with outside air. You can plainly see<br />
that such a job has all the advantages in cleanliness
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 111<br />
of a water job, with greater economy, more flexible<br />
operation and less likelihood of trouble.<br />
You make complaint that even though outside dirt<br />
is not carried in, dust may deposit in the air-ducts.<br />
It is our experience that less dust is deposited in airducts<br />
than around radiation required in same sized<br />
house. A register offers much less area for dust deposit<br />
than an 8-column, 38-in. radiator, and if the<br />
air is even approximately moist, is less likely to throw<br />
it out into the atmosphere.<br />
In Mississippi, owing to the low barometric pressure,<br />
our chimneys smoke oftener than they do in<br />
drier sections, and furnaces erected carelessly may<br />
throw smoke into the air. But inasmuch as smoking<br />
is due to shoddy workmanship and has no relationship<br />
with the method of heating, it can be dismissed by<br />
stating that any type of device burning any sort of<br />
fuel, and transmitting the heat in any way, will smoke<br />
if proper draft is not provided.<br />
From your reading of American publications you no<br />
doubt know of the wide popularity of the "Pipeless"<br />
furnace. Its success is largely due to its being a recirculating<br />
device. A pipeless furnace using outside<br />
air would be a failure. Obviously, then, any heating<br />
installation operated under the same basic physical<br />
laws is at a disadvantage unless supplied with an<br />
inside intake only.<br />
Without doubt you know the law regarding proper<br />
size cold-air intake and warm-air pipe. I give it here<br />
under the possibility you may not:<br />
The cold-air intake must equal or exceed the total areas<br />
of all heat pipes, and heat pipes must not exceed in total<br />
area the smallest free area within the furnace casing.<br />
The writer feels certain that if you install a good<br />
furnace with an adequate humidifier and use only inside<br />
air, you will find a reversal of opinion among<br />
your customers with regard to warm-air heat, as<br />
strong as we have achieved in this district.<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER has<br />
had a number of discussions regarding to use of sidewall<br />
and baseboard registers, and their advantages<br />
over floor registers. It is difficult to make installations<br />
of wall or baseboard register in large halls,<br />
but in dwellings I prefer them where possible. I<br />
also prefer to take my cold air through a grill or<br />
register face set in the side wall, rather than in the<br />
floor, though theoretically, it is not so good. There<br />
is certainly an advantage from a standpoint of clean<br />
liness. —<br />
That warm-air heating is the ideal is readily shown<br />
by the increasing use of indirect systems where steam<br />
is used. If your trade likes the indirect steam system,<br />
they should readily take to the warm-air installation<br />
of the better sort.<br />
You will, no doubt, receive a number of replies<br />
from American furnacemen, who have nothing but<br />
praise for warm air, and I am sure will have many<br />
features presented to you that will clear away the<br />
causes of former complaints.<br />
I trust you may be able to develop your warm-air<br />
business to the popularity it deserves and reap the<br />
profit that comes to him who best serves bis fellow<br />
men - Yours sincerely<br />
JOHN LYNCH,<br />
Southern District, Estate Stove Co.<br />
Efficiency of Natural Gas Burners<br />
Robert F. Earhart, of the Ohio State University,<br />
read a paper before the recent meeting of the American<br />
Society of Mechanical Engineers in reference to<br />
which the Gas Record of Chicago presents the<br />
following:<br />
The paper describes a series of efficiency tests on natural<br />
gas made in the physics laboratory of Ohio State University.<br />
The operating conditions under which tne tests were<br />
made were similar to those which commonly obtain in domestic<br />
service. Eight pounds of water was heated in a<br />
granite-ware kettle, from the temperature of the tap to the<br />
boiling point.<br />
The tests show that under low pressure conditions an<br />
efficiency greater than 45 per cent, can be secured when the<br />
burner is close to the vessel and that an equal efficiency<br />
can be obtained with the flame up to a distance of two<br />
inches from the vessel, under high pressure conditions.<br />
It is further shown that with reasonable care in adjusting<br />
these distances the efficiency is independent of the rate of<br />
gas consumption and that under the varying pressure conditions<br />
which now exist it is advisable that the distance<br />
between burner and vessel should be between one and one<br />
and a half inches. This will render operation possible under<br />
low pressures with fair efficiency and will lie within<br />
the range of maximum efficiencies which may be secured at<br />
moderate pressures and without undue sacrifice of time.<br />
A final experiment shows that a slight increase in efficiency<br />
is obtained by using an aluminum instead of a<br />
granite-ware container.<br />
Lines by An Old Fogy<br />
I'm thankful that the sun and moon are both hung up<br />
so high<br />
That no presumptuous hand can stretch and pull<br />
them from the sky.<br />
If they were not, I have no doubt, but some reforming<br />
ass<br />
Would recommend to take them down and light<br />
the world with gas.<br />
One Reward for Our Good Work<br />
When experts pay tribute to the matter printed for<br />
the benefit of the trade in their field, it is evidence<br />
that it should be more widely read, and if read the<br />
troubles of some would disappear. It is a matter of<br />
gratification to have the value of the articles we<br />
print and the service we render appreciated by some<br />
even if the busy tradesman fails to learn where he<br />
could find good help.<br />
THE EXCELSIOR STEEL FURNACE CO.<br />
114-118 S. Clinton Street. Chicago, 111.<br />
June 15, 1920<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>,<br />
243 West Thirty-ninth Street,<br />
New York City. Attention Mr. Fred S. Sly<br />
Gentlemen:—<br />
We thank you for your enclosure, calling our attention<br />
to the article entitled "The Vital Question In The Furnace<br />
Industry," in your journal of May 21st. We greatly<br />
appreciate this article and feel confident that it will have<br />
an effect on the greater share of its readers.<br />
It is unfortunate that more people do not read these<br />
articles and I often think it would be wise to reprint them<br />
from time to time.<br />
I have frequently stated that the trade journals do not<br />
receive anywhere near enough recognition for the good<br />
work that they do. I believe, however, that theiT reward<br />
will continue to increase as the years fro by.<br />
Yours very truly,<br />
THE EXCELSIOR STEEL FURNACE CO.<br />
(Signed) R. W. MENK,<br />
Furnace Department.
112 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23. 1920<br />
Qualifications for Leadership Quickened By Every Day<br />
Contact with Conditions Confronting Membership.<br />
The Trans- Mississippi Furnace President<br />
In response to a request for something of his experience in connection with the<br />
furnace industry, President F. L. Nesbit, of the Western Warm-Air Furnace and<br />
Supply Association, with headquarters in Omaha, has furnished what is given below.<br />
M Y early connection with the furnace business began<br />
with the installation of furnaces in a retail<br />
way in 1887 and I have made the heating business<br />
my main hobby since that time, with the exception<br />
of about 5 years. For 7 years I was a traveling<br />
salesman for one of the New York State manufacturers<br />
in this line of trade, my territory extending<br />
from the Great Lakes to the Pacific Coast. For 4<br />
years after that I had the title of sales manager, but<br />
refused to move East and looked after the general<br />
sales by making all the principal cities of the United<br />
States and working in connection with the other salesmen<br />
of the same house.<br />
On Jan. 1, 1911, I started in the furnace business<br />
for myself, having a line made for me and selling<br />
them principally in the territory west of Chicago.<br />
However, on June 1, 1911, I <strong>org</strong>anized and helped to<br />
incorporate the Standard Furnace & Supply Co., 407-<br />
413 South Tenth Street, Omaha, Neb., and since carrying<br />
a full line of furnaces, together with registers,<br />
pipes, fittings and all supplies necessary for the installation<br />
of a warm-air furnace.<br />
We started in a building about 22 ft. wide, three<br />
stories high, and about 75 ft. deep. Our business grew<br />
very rapidly and within a year and a half we were<br />
forced to move twice, as the business expanded we<br />
were forced to increase our capital.<br />
At the present time our building comprises more<br />
than 40,000 sq. ft. of floor space and we believe we<br />
carry the largest and most complete stock of warmair<br />
furnaces, registers, pipe and fittings and supplies<br />
carried by any one house in the United States. We<br />
cover Northwestern Missouri, Western Iowa, North<br />
and South Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado, Wyoming,<br />
Montana, Idaho, Utah, Nevada, Washington, Oregon<br />
and California.<br />
While we manufacture and sell some light furnaces.<br />
our principal business is on the better grades. We<br />
aim to educate our customers to properly install the<br />
heaters that we sell. We have an estimating department,<br />
which lays out, makes heating plans, detail<br />
drawings, figures on complete list of everything contained<br />
in a furnace heating plant, furnished to our<br />
customers, gratis.<br />
When we get a new customer, if we find he does not<br />
fully understand the warm-air heating game, our<br />
first work and duty to him is to try to help him do<br />
his work well, using the proper size heater-pipe and<br />
registers, and also in getting them placed in the proper<br />
locations.<br />
If we have an order for a heating plant and are not<br />
satisfied that it is going to be installed in such manner<br />
as to give the customer satisfaction, we take it up<br />
with the dealer and get him to change his plans and<br />
install it so that it will give satisfaction. In some<br />
cases where we have not been able to do this, we<br />
have refused to accept the order. By insisting that<br />
our customers install a furnace which covers their<br />
work they have not only increased our business, but<br />
have increased their own and have also elevated the<br />
President F. L. Nesbit<br />
warm-air lieating in tliis territory to a very much<br />
higher standard than it once had. We quite often get<br />
a letter from a customer asking where he can dispose<br />
of an old outfit so that a new furnace heating plant<br />
of the right character should be installed.<br />
The active duties which now engage me are those<br />
of president and general manager of the Standard<br />
Furnace & Supply Co., and as president of the Western<br />
Warm-Air Furnace and Supply Association, the<br />
main object of which is upbuilding the warm-air heating<br />
industry. Our association hopes that before a year<br />
from this time we will have on the statute book's of<br />
several of the Middle Western States at least laws<br />
governing the installation of warm-air furnaces that<br />
will not only protect the home owners and consumers,<br />
but will greatly help and increase the warm-air and<br />
heating industry.<br />
We are endeavoring to get co-opei ation from other<br />
<strong>org</strong>anizations interested in warm-air heating business<br />
and to work with us in this matter. With" their cooperation,<br />
we believe that a great deal can be accomplished.
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Would You Spend That Much Time to Prevent<br />
A Big Loss in Your Estimated Profits?<br />
Ten Minutes a Day-$4,000 a Year<br />
T E N minutes a day to save $4000 a year! That<br />
seems a fairly good return for that much time,<br />
does it not? Perhaps the amount will not apply<br />
to your business, but would you not be willing to spend<br />
that much time if you could keep a big part of the<br />
profit you figured to make in a year from slipping<br />
through your fingers ?<br />
Perhaps you are one of the many who list all the<br />
expenses they can think of, figure that the amount<br />
is, say, 18 per cent, of the business figured on, and<br />
call this their overhead. Then they add the percentage<br />
of profit desired, and believe that at the end<br />
of the year they will have this much profit. But when<br />
the year is over, bills are paid and all accounts settled,<br />
the profit does not amount to what was expected.<br />
What is wrong? they ask.<br />
This condition was met in the office of Richards &<br />
Jessup Co., of Stamford, Conn. The firm had included<br />
in its overhead expense all the items which<br />
were apparent. These included salaries, rent, cost<br />
of maintaining automobiles, stationery and postage,<br />
heat and light, telephone, interest on money invented,<br />
insurance, donations, advertising, cost of new tools,<br />
depreciation of old tools, depreciation of automobiles'<br />
non-chargeable purchases, bad debts, car fares nonchargeable,<br />
defective labor and material, replacements,<br />
non-chargeable expressage, etc., and unproductive<br />
labor. The total cost was taken as the firm's<br />
overhead, and the amount of profit desired was added.<br />
But the profit did not materialize.<br />
Then H. C. Richards, the office manager of the<br />
business, got busy. The next year he kept a careful<br />
record of the amount of gross profit figured on each<br />
contract, each piece of jobbing work and each sale.<br />
Tliis was added up each day, and at<br />
Method the close of the last day's business he<br />
Employed had immediately the exact total of<br />
hy One Firm gross profits figured on. Ten minutes<br />
a day, he said, covered the time spent<br />
in making these entries. After tlie inventory was<br />
taken and the amount of net profit determined, it was<br />
found that the difference between the net profit actually<br />
divided was several per cent, of the year's business.<br />
This, of course, was due to leakage that had<br />
not been found. This leakage exists in every shop.<br />
Next year this percentage was added to the estimated<br />
percentage of overhead, and at the end of the year's<br />
work, the net profits were approximately as figured.<br />
Now the percentage of leakage is carefully figured<br />
each year, so that the most nearly exact amount can<br />
be used to determine the total overhead.<br />
The volume of business done by this firm at tlie<br />
present time runs between $100,000 and $150,000 a<br />
year. For the year 1919, on a volume of $117,501.52.<br />
the overhead based on the items listed amounted to<br />
10.5 per cent. But the leakage on this volume was<br />
3.4 per cent. This means almost $4-000, which would<br />
have been lost under the old system.<br />
Alr. Richards described his method for readers of<br />
AIETAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER in the<br />
following way:<br />
The topic of overhead is one that has been so thoroughly<br />
and so many times discussed that it is rather a drug on<br />
the market and many of the trade are<br />
New<br />
tired of listening to any one talk about it.<br />
TJ. • 7,7 • But our firm has worked for several years<br />
nil . e in (in a s c) l e m e whcrcby we feel that we can<br />
Overhead determine quite accurately the amount of<br />
the leaks in our business.<br />
Wc all figure lots of work and think we put a good profit<br />
on it. hut at the end of the year, when we come to figure<br />
out how much we made, we find that it falls far short of<br />
what we though it would. Tliis is due to the fact that there<br />
are numerous leaks in every plumbing business, some of<br />
whicli we can stop and some of which we cannot. Many of<br />
these it is impossible to trace, while others, such as the<br />
cost of labor and material running higher than we estimated,<br />
it is easier to find.<br />
The system used by this lino in determining its leakage<br />
is ns follows: We have a Day Book in which all jobs for<br />
which we receive orders and all items of jobbing and store<br />
sales are entered. Opposite the entry is the amount of the<br />
contract or the charge we make to the persons for the articles<br />
wliich they have purchased or the jobbing whicli we<br />
have dune for them. At the bottom of each page we foot<br />
up the column and we carry the figure forward from page<br />
to page until at the end of the year we can tell just how<br />
much business in dollars and cents we booked. We go a<br />
little further than this, and try to determine just how much<br />
business we actually did in this certain year, which is accomplished<br />
by adding the amount whieh is carried from<br />
the previous year and deducting the amount carried over<br />
into the next year.<br />
All this i.s done probably by the majority of plumbers in<br />
the business, but the thing which we wish to emphasize is<br />
the following: If we made a charge of $2 on selling an<br />
article to a person in the store we figure that we made, say,<br />
7.5c. on the sale, and this amount is entered in the Day<br />
Book in a column opposite where Hie amount of the charge<br />
is made. If we did some jobbing to the amount of $7.88,<br />
we would say that possibly we figured to make $2.90 off<br />
the job. This last item would be entered in the column under<br />
the 7,5 cents. If we had a contract for $1,000, we<br />
probably would have figured to make $2.50, and this would<br />
be entered as above. The way they would look on the<br />
book is as follows:<br />
Figured to make- Charge to customer<br />
Footing $253.65 $0.75 $1,009.88 $2.00<br />
.'.no 7.ss<br />
Aflcr making the final computation of tlie amounts which<br />
250.00 1,000.00<br />
we figured to make, we determine the actual cost of the<br />
contracts, and then we can make an entry of the actual<br />
amount of prolit that was made. We have kept account<br />
of what we figured to to make, and at the end of the year<br />
we know, after taking inventory, just what we did make.<br />
It is assumed tliat the reader tries to determine each<br />
vear his overhead expense. Xow for a concrete illustration<br />
of the point I wish to make. We will assume that (1)<br />
a firm figures to make $100 in a year (2 ) that after taking<br />
inventory it finds that it only has $70 to divide; (3) that
114 METAL WOKKEK, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
its overhead expense was $25. Adding these last items together<br />
makes $95, whereas it should make $100. In other<br />
words, there is a leakage of $5 or 5 per cent, of the $100.<br />
A plumber should always allow an additional percentage<br />
in his list of overhead for leaks and then he would come<br />
out better at the end of the year.<br />
Trade Conditions in Argentina and Bolivia<br />
Demand for American Sanitary Goods Increasing<br />
United States Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> and Heating Apparatus Popular<br />
M U C H valuable information for those desiring to separately has prevented them making inroads on<br />
develop or increase trade in slieet metal, plumb England's trade in tliese goods, since the Englishman<br />
ing and heating goods in South America is con sends 20 per cent, above the order to compensate the<br />
tained in a Government report up to 1919 entitled purchaser for breakage.<br />
"Construction Materials and Machinery in Argentina<br />
and Bolivia,'' which can be secured from Government<br />
Printing Office, Washington, D. C.<br />
A survey of the Argentina market at present shows<br />
that plain and corrugated galvanized sheets and plain<br />
black sheets are extensively used for the building of<br />
The following is a brief summary of the trade situ- warehouses and factories, for roofs of railroad cars<br />
tion as presented in this bulletin, and now that normal and for tlie manufacture of cheap sheet stoves for<br />
commercial conditions are returning and competition use in the interior. Thus the conditions are excellent<br />
is being resumed with the European countries, every for developing a large sheet metal trade and even in<br />
effort should be made by this country to not only retroducing the increasingly popular American metal<br />
tain the advantages gained during the World War but shingle.<br />
to develop closer trade relations between the conti Clay roofing tiles were used to a greater extent benents<br />
of the western hemisphere.<br />
fore the war than now and English roofing slate is<br />
Fifty yars ago Buenos Aires became interested in<br />
plumbing sanitation and although the drinking water<br />
supply and drainage system began construction then,<br />
have often had their plans modified to meet the needs<br />
of a rapidly increasing population and to follow modern<br />
successful practice, the interrupted work is now<br />
being completed under the Directorate of the Sanitary<br />
Work of the Nation. This department enforces fixed<br />
regulations governing the installation of house sewers<br />
and sanitary fixtures in all classes of buildings<br />
preferred over others. Roofing felt is popular and in<br />
the past year has taken the place of galvanized steel<br />
because of the extremely high cost and scarcity of the<br />
latter.<br />
Local factories are now making doors 40 per cent.<br />
cheaper than those from the United States but are not<br />
of as good workmanship while the Kalamein doors<br />
and trim furnished by American manufacturers are<br />
giving good satisfaction. The architraves, frieze and<br />
cornice of building fronts are worked up usually with<br />
throughout the nation, and in Buenos Aires alone there masonry material instead of sheet metal although cer<br />
is a market for practically 8,000 foreign bathtubs and tain mansards and cupolas with copper trimmings<br />
fixtures. With the exception of the trade in enameled may be seen. There is at present no market for sheet<br />
iron bathtubs' which the United States has acquired in metal moldings, as they are considered of such a na<br />
recent years, the United Kingdom continues to hold ture as not ready transported.<br />
the trade in the cheap grade of cast iron, enameled In Bolivia sanitation is in its infancy but by de<br />
ware and eathenware articles, lavatories and watergrees imported American sanitary goods are being incloset<br />
bowls. But if the Ameriean manufacturers stalled along hygienic lines and the United States has<br />
would study the subject, these fixtures could be made practically the entire trade. The slow development in<br />
in the United States.<br />
the use of sanitary goods is due principally to the lack<br />
of up-to-date sewerage systems, but with the installa<br />
The L'nited States has the trade for nickeled brass<br />
bathroom goods and since lead pipe has been manufaction<br />
of the numerous sanitation and water supply<br />
tured in Argentina for years, its importation is out of<br />
projects so much required, there will be an increased<br />
the question. While vitrified sewer pipe is made in<br />
eall for the several lines of necessary material. There<br />
Argentina, much is imported and the United States'<br />
are no real plumbers in the country. The plumbing,<br />
share in this line should be greatly increased.<br />
such as it is, is done by tliose who have no professional<br />
knowledge of the trade.<br />
Low pressure steam heat is the most popular heat<br />
Corrugated sheets are by far the most popular roofing<br />
system, although hot water is used somewhat in<br />
ing, about half of the buildings of many of the towns<br />
dwellings and indirect systems to a limited extent in<br />
being covered with it, while the rest are usually cov<br />
theatres. Boilers, piping and valves are imported diered<br />
with locally made Spanish "V" type clay tiles.<br />
rect from England, France, Switzer-<br />
This indicates that there is opportunity for the intro<br />
Heating land, Germany, and the United States<br />
duction of the American metal shingles and tiles.<br />
Trade and the local contractors purchase the<br />
Most of the steel products imported are used for<br />
Opportunity pipe and fittings for this class of work<br />
railway construction, but galvanized steel sheets make<br />
from general importers of steel pipe<br />
an indispensable material for roofing and sidings on<br />
and fittings who stock the necessary materials. The<br />
account of the limited amount of wood necessary for<br />
practice of American manufacturers to box radiators<br />
its support, especially when used on roofs.
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 115<br />
Why Do You Advertise When You Are<br />
Behind In Deliveries?<br />
THIS seems to be a very natural question, and the<br />
answer involves the discussion of a vital policy of<br />
this business—a policy that is fundamental. This<br />
discussion of the subject appeared in Graphite, issued<br />
by the Joseph Dixon Crucible Co., Jersey City, N. J.<br />
If we were building a business for to-day our policy<br />
would vary from day to day with the temporary<br />
changes with which every business has to contend.<br />
But we are building for the time to come and we<br />
hope that this business will become many times greater<br />
than it is to-day. Without the proper foundation it<br />
would undergo violent changes dependent upon temporary<br />
national, local or even imaginary conditions.<br />
If we should permit ourselves to become inflated<br />
with self-confidence when business conditions are favorable,<br />
restricting our selling and advertising activities,<br />
and go down in the dumps when conditions are<br />
not so favorable, this business would not amount to<br />
any more than existing conditions would make of it.<br />
We say right now, without reservation, that we<br />
hope, regardless of how aggressive and efficient our<br />
manufacturing department may be, that it will never<br />
be able to catch up with our selling <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
If our efforts should be halted in the middle of the<br />
road in times of liberal buying to wait on the manufacturing<br />
department, there might come a time when<br />
the manufacturing department would have to suspend<br />
operations while waiting on the sales <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
With such a policy we would be running around in a<br />
circle, dis<strong>org</strong>anizing one day and next re-<strong>org</strong>anizing.<br />
The greater the demand for our product, the quicker<br />
the turnover for merchants, and the more frequent<br />
turnovers the larger is the volume of profit.<br />
In this business, advertising is a sales policy, the<br />
same as our policy maintaining a sales <strong>org</strong>anization,<br />
and we might as well consider the elimination of one<br />
as the other. Neither will be eliminated, as this business<br />
needs both if we are building for the future.<br />
We hope the idea will never creep into this <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
that there will be any let-up in aggressive<br />
methods, which might suggest that when business is<br />
good there is not occasion for work and when business<br />
is poor it is too hard to get.<br />
We constantly have in mind that the American people<br />
are much more concerned in their own affairs than<br />
in ours, and if we should restrict our selling and advertising<br />
activities they will begin to f<strong>org</strong>et us and<br />
this would be our fault.<br />
We are going ahead with the idea of increasing the<br />
present momentum in favor of our goods, and if conditions<br />
should turn face about our dealers and ourselves<br />
will be in a better position to hurdle obstacles<br />
than if we originated a policy for each condition.<br />
Inadequacy of Immigrant Labor Supply<br />
The agricultural and industrial demands for unskilled<br />
labor, which are so evident throughout the<br />
country, have in no way been satisfied by the slight<br />
increase in immigration to the United States during<br />
the past few months—despite the fact that the total<br />
number of persons admitted is now, for the first time<br />
since we entered the Great War, greater than the total<br />
number departed.<br />
More than half of the total number admitted were<br />
women and children coming to join members of their<br />
families' while practically all of those who departed<br />
were adult male wage earners.<br />
During the first 5 months of 1920, the preliminary<br />
figures for the Port of New York, which usually handles<br />
about 80 per cent, of the total immigration and<br />
emigration for the country, show a net increase of<br />
38,288, as follows:<br />
Month Admitted Departed Increase Decrease<br />
January 25,051 24,529 522<br />
February 22,086 24,375 2,293<br />
March _ _ 29,908 18,714 10,384<br />
April _ 36,958 26,169 10,789<br />
May 40,048 21,162 18,886<br />
153,241 114,953 40,581 2,293<br />
Ask For Business Frequently to Get It<br />
Are you telling the people in your vicinity what<br />
you can do to increase their comfort, the service of<br />
their property and equipment and asking for their<br />
trade?<br />
Here is a house that has been established 68 years<br />
and of course it is well known. It is going out after<br />
business by personal calls and also by letters and post<br />
cards just as though it had just started in business.<br />
There is great need of just such enterprise for the<br />
success of those conducting shops and the makers of<br />
the products it uses. The most successful and prosperous<br />
it uses. The most successful and prosperous<br />
men are using similar methods. The question is have<br />
you formed the habit? As an aid the following letter<br />
is reproduced.<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>,<br />
243 West 39th Street,<br />
Xew York City.<br />
Gentlemen:<br />
Heating:—Have you ever considered the returns and<br />
profits on an investment in a Modern fuel-saving furnace?<br />
It will yield dividends payable every day in the year in<br />
life's happiness, comfort and health. We are heating experts<br />
and can properly install the heat you want, whether<br />
it be Hot Water, <strong>Steam</strong>, Hot Air or Pipeless Furnaces.<br />
Plumbing: The beautiful bathroom of today is the mirror<br />
of refinement and the center of home comfort. Why not<br />
make Your bathroom one that you'll be proud of by installing<br />
the latest plumbing fixtures?<br />
Roofing & Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Work.—Those of us who are<br />
fortunate enough to keep a roof over our heads in these<br />
unsettled times, must see that it is kept in good repair<br />
How about Your roof, gutters and leaders?<br />
Repair Work: For 68 years this shop has made a<br />
specialty of giving its customers unexcelled service in<br />
repair work. The next time you need a plumber, furnace<br />
man, sheet metal worker or roofer, send for us.<br />
Yours very truly,<br />
S, E. DIBBLE "& SON, INC.<br />
(Signed) ALBERT B. DIBBLE,<br />
President.<br />
BULLETIN No. 42 of the Trade and Industrial June 3j, Series 1920.<br />
No. 12, issued by the Federal Board of Vocational<br />
Education, Washington, D. C, is devoted to safety<br />
lamps, including plain safety lamps and improved<br />
electric lamps, from which those who make lanterns<br />
can procure much useful information.
116 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
The Path That Leads to<br />
Money in the Bank<br />
The Subject of the First Article<br />
for Several Months<br />
T H E R E is a strong feeling in the fields in which our people are<br />
engaged that the art of making sales has been neglected, while<br />
the art of doing work of all kinds has been perfected. Success<br />
in any commercial enterprise—plumbing, heating or sheet metal work<br />
—will be in proportion to the ability to go out after business that is<br />
waiting, and getting it.<br />
Whether or not new Iiuilding becomes active, there are years of<br />
prosperity in our field in bringing existing properties up-to-date in<br />
tlieir equipment.<br />
All that is needed is for all connected with these industries to realize<br />
this fact and adopt the methods that insure their participation in<br />
prosperity.<br />
To aid in starting thc movement, our first articles, beginning Friday,<br />
August 13, and running for some time, will be more pointedly<br />
inspiring to sales activity. Instead of presenting such articles without<br />
heralding them and the reason for them, as has been past custom.<br />
they are announced so that all connected with our industries Mill have'<br />
opportunity to know about them and take the necessary action to insure<br />
deriving the benefit they will give.<br />
There need be little Tear they will awaken too many men but<br />
rather that too many men will not learn of them. The purpose i.s<br />
worthy of your endorsement and mention to all the field with whom<br />
you come into contact.<br />
Our part will be done as effectively as it has been done in the past<br />
and we solicit your efforts in making them widely known and useful.<br />
1
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 117<br />
This is the .lace to submit your per-<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
plexine problems---the Place to<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
SERVKITISlSRATIS<br />
FROM J. B., PENNSYLVANIA.—It is a pleasure to<br />
pass on to "A. B.' whose inquiry appeared in the<br />
issue of July 9, a method of connecting a range<br />
boiler with both the range and the furnace that<br />
I saw recommended in METAL<br />
Connecting WORKER' PLUMBER AND STEAM FIT-<br />
Boiler to TER 20 years ago, I have tried it<br />
Heat Bathroom out and know that it will work. I<br />
sumbit a sketch which shows that<br />
all the water will circulate through both the waterback<br />
in the range and the water heating coil in the<br />
furnace He can start at the coil in the furnace<br />
AAAAAAAAAAAAAA7Z^AW/A///A/A//////A<br />
Connecting Boiler to Heat Bathroom<br />
with his hot water pipe and run straight up to the<br />
boiler, placing a tee at a point where it will receive<br />
the hot water from the waterback and connecting<br />
the pipe at the side of the boiler in the usual<br />
way. Then he can drop the return water from the<br />
boiler down to the coil in the furnace, connecting<br />
at the bottom of the coil and at the point where<br />
tliere should be a return to the waterback, he can<br />
insert a tee and connect witli the waterback. In<br />
the winter time when their is plenty of heat in the<br />
furnace to heat all the water required, there will<br />
be no objection to running the water through the<br />
waterback if desirable, as the cooling effect will<br />
not be of enough account to cause any trouble. In<br />
the summer season, when the furnace is not in use,<br />
it will circulate through the waterback without much<br />
disturbance to the coil in the furnace. There is<br />
one other thing, however, that the man who i.s building<br />
the house should have pointed out to him' and<br />
that is, a kitchen range boiler full of hot water in<br />
the bathroom in the summer season is not the most<br />
desirable thing from tbe point of view of comfort that<br />
could be installed there. That is the time when a<br />
cake of ice or a refrigerator would be more acceptable<br />
than a reservoir of hot water.<br />
FROM J. C. M., CHICAGO.—In looking over the<br />
issue of June 11, I came across an article asking<br />
for information regarding copper-lined gutters. If<br />
"j. H. P." will be good enough to<br />
Proper Length<br />
of Sheet for<br />
Copper-Lined<br />
Gutters<br />
giye information on the following<br />
points, I shall endeavor to give him<br />
some help: The shape of the gutter;<br />
its length ; where the downspouts are<br />
located; whether it is a wooden gut<br />
ter li„ed—concrete or some other material; how the<br />
outer edge is fastened and how the inner edge is<br />
fastened; whether there are any nails in the cross<br />
seams, and if the outer edge is nailed and how far<br />
apart The same information in reference to the inner<br />
edo-e of the gutter is desirable. What character<br />
of roofing does the upper edge of the gutter extend<br />
under or connect to?<br />
The length of the sheets makes no difference in<br />
the expansion and contraction. It all depends on<br />
how the gutter is put in. whether or not it will stand.<br />
If this information is given. I shall try to give from<br />
mv experience something that will be of value in the<br />
future It would be a good idea to make a sketch<br />
showing the shape of the gutter and measurements,<br />
and describe condition', fully.
118 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
The Editorial Page<br />
A Dissipation of Heating Mysteries<br />
SUCCESS is often hampered by a want of confi<br />
dence due to a lack of knowledge of the practice<br />
and principles in some line of work. Apparently<br />
there has been a large number of men who had the<br />
equipment to install steam and hot water heating<br />
plants but hesitated to take up the work. The reason<br />
for this was because they were mystified by the<br />
phrases, rules and calculations used and discussed<br />
wliich left an impression that it would be difficult to<br />
absorb and comprehend all that seemed necessary.<br />
That this is all wrong is demonstrated in their<br />
fellow tradesmen of no greater talent who are regu<br />
larly engaged in the line. This should encourage<br />
those not engaged in this class of heating to read the<br />
serial, that begins in another page, prepared by a<br />
competent engineer familiar with all phases of the<br />
work and with the intention of making it especially<br />
suited to their needs.<br />
It takes up the essential matters in detail and ex<br />
plains what is necessary, and how to make the nec<br />
essary calculations. Illustrations are freely used to<br />
make the ideas more clear and to show just how to<br />
accomplish a desired result or to avoid waste and<br />
complaint. The man who reads, whatever his exper<br />
ience, will feel that he has refreshed his resources and<br />
will be better able to meet the demands made upon<br />
him.<br />
Fire Prevention Day<br />
Under the circumstances, in the circulars and ad<br />
vertising matter used in the trade the fact should be<br />
set in red letters that throughout the country the<br />
house owner should look over the condition of his<br />
property before starting up the fire for the winter so<br />
as to remove any possibility of danger from fire. This<br />
is a good step to take as there is always the possi<br />
bility of its bringing in business.<br />
Will They Pay?<br />
THIS is a question that cannot be neglected by<br />
the man who is looking for orders for tin roofing,<br />
heating or plumbing. These are times in wliich<br />
the failure of a customer to pay his bill has a most<br />
distressing effect upon the enterprise. And in view<br />
of the fact that many who have never had their credit<br />
or paying capacity tested will be seeking the services<br />
of the trade for various equipment, there must be a<br />
most sound conservatism used before their orders<br />
are accepted. Here is where a considerable tact must<br />
be used to avoid driving trade away and as much<br />
sound judgment must be used to avoid accepting or<br />
ders on which the time of payment is so long de<br />
ferred as to bring about a loss, even if the whole is<br />
paid eventually.<br />
It is well to insert in the contract a clause provid<br />
ing that interest must be paid after a certain time.<br />
AS a result of the activities of the National Fire It is far better, however, to arrange for a date of set<br />
Protection Association, Oct. 9 will be made<br />
tlement at the time the order is placed. Payment is<br />
"Fire Prevention Day" throughout the United<br />
States. There is no question but what much work<br />
that is done by tlie heating contractor could be arranged<br />
to insure greater protection against the possibility<br />
of fire.<br />
made very much more certain if the bills are rendered<br />
immediately on the completion of the work.<br />
Too many in the trade are lax and negligent in this<br />
respect and do not get their bills out until a month<br />
after the work is completed. Then if the customer<br />
It is equally true that many exactions of the in takes a month to think the thing over and file comsurance<br />
companies are a burden that are wholly unplaints,<br />
it may be another month before any payment<br />
necessary for absolute safety against fire. However, is secured.<br />
property should not be exposed to fire danger, nor<br />
Such things a.s this must be avoided under the<br />
should people be inconvenienced by the destruction<br />
of homes and factories where a sliglit precaution<br />
would have prevented the trouble.<br />
present conditions and they will be avoided by those<br />
more succsseful business men or those who have for<br />
years conducted business on a sound basis. Their<br />
If some attention is devoted to Fire Prevention Day example is well worth studying and following. The<br />
by those engaged in the heating business, they may<br />
question will they pay must be asked by every busi<br />
find many eases where their services will be required<br />
ness man and, if he cannot be perfectly satisfied<br />
to put property in proper order to be absolutely safe<br />
that the answer is yes, it is far better to let the<br />
against any such possibility as destruction.<br />
other fellow do the work.
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 119<br />
Suits Against Railroads<br />
for Freight Delays Due to Congestion<br />
H E R E is an echo of a condition which was quite<br />
frequent during the war, and which has borne<br />
fruit in the form of many lawsuits against railroad<br />
companies, a large number of which are just<br />
coming on to be tried:<br />
By Elton J. Buckley<br />
Troy, N. Y.<br />
I have a suit pending against the Railroad<br />
Company for damages for the loss of a shipment during the<br />
latter days of the war. The shipment was highly perishable,<br />
and was consigned from here to Chicago, 111. The company<br />
accepted the shipment and issued its usual hill of lading.<br />
About a week after that the consignee wired asking about<br />
the goods, which should have been delivered. I set on foot<br />
an investigation, and the railroad company seemed to know<br />
nothing about it. They had a record of the shipment leaving<br />
on a certain date, but had nothing after that. I had<br />
to do much persuading to get them to put a tracer out, but<br />
finally they did, and after a long delay the goods were found<br />
about fifty miles this side of Chicago, in a yard with several<br />
hundred other freight cars, and being perishable, were<br />
a total loss. I made demand on the railroad company to<br />
pay my damages, but got no satisfaction, and finally, after<br />
another long delay. I had my counsel start suit. They<br />
filed a defense that the loss was caused by congestion in<br />
freight brought on by the war, for which they were not<br />
responsible, and therefore I had" no right to damages. The<br />
case comes up for trial next month, and I would like to<br />
have your best opinion as to whether I have a led to stand<br />
on. Was it not the place of the company to tell me that the<br />
goods would be subject to delay? They said nothing whatever,<br />
just accepted the shipment as usual. Omit name if<br />
published. X Y Z<br />
As I intimated in the beginning, thousands of cases<br />
growing out of delays in freight shipments during the<br />
war have been brought against railroads in the last<br />
few months. In some of these cases the claimant has<br />
not any case at all, in others he has a very good case,<br />
and the railroads should not have compelled him to<br />
sue. Were the roads under private management, literally<br />
thousands of cases would have been settled<br />
which now have to be litigated.<br />
What I mean by saying that in some cases the<br />
claimant in these cases has no case is this: For the<br />
congestion caused by the war, a railroad is not responsible.<br />
Its plans were interfered with, and upset<br />
and defeated a hundred times a day by the complications<br />
caused by preferred Government shipments and<br />
a thousand and one other things. Therefore where<br />
loss has occurred solely by reason of that congestion,<br />
without any negligence on the railroad's part, the<br />
courts have uniformly held that the claimant could<br />
not recover anything. It w'as a loss caused by extraordinary<br />
conditions over which nobody had any control,<br />
and the victim must pocket his own loss, just as if it<br />
had been an ordinary accident for which nobody was<br />
to blame.<br />
•Copyright by Elton J. Buckley<br />
But in a few of these cases the courts have held that<br />
the railroads were negligent in not informing the shipper,<br />
before accepting the goods for shipment, that congestion<br />
existed along the line of the route, and that<br />
the sliipment might be subject to delays. The courts<br />
have particularly taken this position in cases where<br />
delays meant something special to the shipment, as<br />
where the goods were perishable or subject to deterioration.<br />
One of these cases was very recently decided. The<br />
court said that while the railroad was not responsible<br />
for freight congestion caused by the war, a duty<br />
rested upon it to inform the shipper of that congestion<br />
and to warn him against delays, particularly because<br />
the existence of the congestion, and the probable<br />
ensuing delay, was especially within the knowl<br />
edge of the railroad, whereas the shipper might not<br />
have known anything definite about it at all. This<br />
was the case of Meany and Saisselin vs. Erie R. R.<br />
Co., 173 N. Y., Supp. 96, in which the plaintiff got<br />
his damages.<br />
An astonishingly large percentage of these cases<br />
are thrown out of court when they come to trial beeause<br />
they were not begun within the time provided by<br />
the bills of lading. I find that this was because of a<br />
belief that you could not sue the Government, a delusion<br />
that has lost and will lose thousands of dollars<br />
to the firms holding it. The law covering the taking<br />
over of the railroads made it very clear that the railroads<br />
were just as liable in the hands of the Government<br />
for the results of their own negligence, as<br />
they were in the hands of their private owners. That<br />
being true, it followed that the provisions of the bill<br />
of lading, providing a time limit for making claims<br />
and bringing suit, were just as binding as they were<br />
before.<br />
Bins and Might-Have-Bins<br />
*By Forrest Crissey<br />
LIKE having twins, buying coal at the eleventh<br />
hour, the fag end of the fall season, is a bad<br />
habit to get into.<br />
It has become a fashion, a country-wide custom, a<br />
National Habit. It imposes an arbitrary and unnatural<br />
handicap upon a basis industry which is vital to<br />
the existence, comfort and happiness of millions of<br />
people.<br />
Besides, it's mighty poor business for the consumer.<br />
He has everything to gain and nothing to<br />
lose by putting in his coal for winter when the mer-<br />
*Copyrig_t, 192«, by The Retail Coalman. Inc.
120 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
cury is trying to break out at the top of the tube and<br />
the very thought of winter is a consolation.<br />
Did you ever see the Wheat Pit of the Chicago<br />
Board of Trade when every trader was trying to buy<br />
wheat at the same instant? That's a dramatic picture<br />
of what happens to prices in almost any instance<br />
where buying is highly concentrated. Invariably the<br />
result is the raising of prices.<br />
Stampedes are never safe or economical. They always<br />
spell danger and waste.<br />
A stampede of coal buying is no exception to the<br />
rule. It penalizes the consumer by a higher price<br />
and it lays him liable to being left without coal with<br />
which to warm his house.<br />
Possibly this larger proposition would not have<br />
sounded very plausible two years ago, but since the<br />
justly famous winter of 1919-20 it sounds almost like<br />
a platitude.<br />
More men will fill their coal bins this year than<br />
ever thought of doing so before. But if every man<br />
who is able to pay for his winter's coal in Dog Days<br />
were to call on his dealer for the earliest possible delivery<br />
there would be no fall stampede—for the number<br />
of those who must have the savings of all the<br />
summer and the early fall with which to finance their<br />
winter fuel is legion.<br />
Did it ever occur to you, Mr. Consumer, that putting<br />
in your coal at the last ragged minute is a rather<br />
shameful bit of shiftlessness?<br />
I once spent a few days in the cabin of a mountaineer.<br />
He and his sons very evidently held to the<br />
doctrine that it was showing a shocking lack of faith<br />
in Providence to provide a log for a fireplace before<br />
it was needed. They wouldn't go to the woods to fell<br />
a tree until the last log at the cabin was frying on<br />
the fire.<br />
If that mountaineer lived in a Mid-Western village<br />
his FUEL habits would not have to be altered to<br />
conform to the prevailing fashion. He'd put in his<br />
coal when his neighbors put in theirs in the fall when<br />
the teeth of the children began to chatter from the<br />
cold.<br />
There is one simple little scrap of business economics<br />
that the great buying public is prone to overlook—perhaps<br />
because it is so simple.<br />
It pays the Consumer to consider the convenience<br />
of the producer and the dealer, to say nothing of the<br />
railroads.<br />
W r hen your demands upon the dealer in any kind<br />
of goods are made at a time or in a way to put him<br />
at decided disadvantage in meeting them he's going<br />
to make you pay for that disadvantage, every time.<br />
And he has a right to—for you have put him to extra<br />
expense.<br />
On the other hand, when you make a point of<br />
shifting your demands so that he can handle your<br />
business at a distinct advantage he gives you a concession<br />
for that consideration.<br />
He does it beeause it's the law of Trade.<br />
United for Trade Purposes<br />
"Promote industry; prevent chaos" is a fundamental<br />
theory with the Federal of British Industries<br />
whicli, according to information furnished to the<br />
Bankers Trust Co., New York, by its London service,<br />
now has a total membership, direct and indirect, of<br />
18,000 manufacturing concerns in tlie United Kingdom.<br />
Their combined capital is estimated at $20,-<br />
000,000,000.<br />
The Federation, which was formed in 1916, disclaims<br />
any aim toward becoming a "capitalist octupus."<br />
A recent restatement of the purposes of the<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization emphasizes "evolutionary progress and<br />
betterment of industry" as the chief objectives. It<br />
regards work and trade expansion as the antidotes<br />
for social unrest. The Federation assumes to speak<br />
with the general voice of British industry on all questions<br />
affecting the interests of its membership.<br />
F. B. I., as the Federation is popularly styled, has<br />
16 district offices in the United Kingdom and 14 commissioners<br />
and representatives in foreign countries<br />
to promote the demand for British goods in the overseas<br />
markets. These are the markets of the Near<br />
East, Spain, Portugal and Algiers, East Indies, South<br />
America- Scandinavia, South Africa, Italy, Holland<br />
and Australia.<br />
The head office in London is divided into sections<br />
which deal with various markets of the world. A<br />
system has been evolved whereby com-<br />
A Method mercial visitors to England are given<br />
Americans every assistance in making contact with<br />
Can Adopt the manufacturers of the particular products<br />
desired.<br />
Prospective foreign bu3 r ers are interviewed concerning<br />
their contemplated purchases by the F. B. I.<br />
officials at headquarters dealing with the countries<br />
from which the buyers come. The Federation has<br />
divided the industries of the country into 19 main<br />
groups, and about 100 sub-groups and sub-sections<br />
covering the various manufacturing lines.<br />
A foreign buyer's requirements are promptly circulated<br />
to all manufacturers of the specified goods,<br />
and the buyer's name is then furnished to those manufacturers<br />
who indicate that they are able to fill orders.<br />
This saves the buyer's time and gives him a<br />
contact with the entire range of available goods.<br />
In case of inquiry for a particular firm's goods,<br />
the buyer is given a letter of introduction wliich enables<br />
him to negotiate directly with the appropriate<br />
official of the company.<br />
In the overseas market the F. B. I. commissioners<br />
and correspondents are on the lookout for openings<br />
for British trade whieh are promptly<br />
Combing placed before the British manufacturers.<br />
the World The Federation reports that many milfor<br />
Trade lions of pounds' worth of trade openings<br />
have thereby been brought to the attention<br />
of its members, although the overseas <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
is comparatively a new department.<br />
The Federation is producing a new "Export Register"<br />
in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese<br />
for the guidance of foreign buyers. It lists British<br />
manufactures and classifies tlieir products in a form<br />
that makes it possible for.buyers to locate easily the<br />
desired articles and their makers.<br />
An advertising section with illustrations in color of<br />
many British wares is included. The history and<br />
policy of the Federation, its home and foreign<br />
branches and directions how to make use of its facilities<br />
are also covered.
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 121<br />
Battle Creek Entertains<br />
Michigan Slieet <strong>Metal</strong> Men<br />
Royal Good Time Enjoyed by All of the 250 Guests<br />
at 2 - Day Outing on July 16 and 17<br />
SOMETHING for everybody to do all of the time<br />
was the way the Battle Creek local entertained<br />
the 250 Michigan sheet metal contractors, their<br />
ladies and guests who came for the 2-day outing, July<br />
16-17. Every little detail was taken care of by members<br />
of the committee who met every train, had a<br />
garage for those who came in cars, had cigars for the<br />
men and candy for the ladies as they registered and<br />
a program to fill every hour while in Battle Creek.<br />
The spirit of good fellowship was everywhere in<br />
evidence and this largest outing will long be remembered.<br />
At 1.30 fifty automobiles took everybody from Post<br />
Tavern through the business and residential sections,<br />
around the world-famed Battle Creek Sanatarium and<br />
out for an inspection of Camp Custer, where the 85th<br />
Division trained. Then everyone saw how Kellog's<br />
Toasted Corn Flakes, Krumbles and Drinkit wer«<br />
made without a hand touching the corn and wheat<br />
during the process. When the party reached the<br />
auditorium, refreshments were waiting wliich were<br />
promptly put where they would do the most good.<br />
J. F. Kellogg explained some of the interesting details<br />
of food product manufacture and then introduced<br />
some musical talent, who gave song and dance numbers,<br />
which were heartly applauded.<br />
A rising vote of thanks was given to Mr. Kellogg<br />
and as everyone left an attractive souvenir package<br />
of the several Kellogg products was presented to<br />
them.<br />
Over 200 sat down to an excellent banquet served<br />
in the Post Tavern at 7 p. m., during which the<br />
Venetian and Yeoman Trios entertained. After some<br />
humorous remarks by Toastmaster H. E. Doherty,<br />
Detroit, he introduced John E. Wagner, who gave all<br />
a hearty welcome and expressed Mayor Ryan's regrets<br />
that he could not be present.<br />
Henry Jacobs, a well-known attorney, paid a tribute<br />
to F. M. Brockett and spoke on the meaning and<br />
benefits of <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
Honorable C. L. Glascow, candidate for governor,<br />
told of some of his early experiences as a sheet metal<br />
worker and then spoke of every citizen's duty to his<br />
state and country.<br />
Some elected to play cards, but most were brought<br />
to the "Bridge' where jazzy tunes kept the floor<br />
crowded until 12.30.<br />
Bright and early Saturday morning the scene of<br />
festivities was transferred to Gougac Lake, where a<br />
ball game between the employees of Kalamazoo and<br />
Battle Creek shops opened the program. Battle<br />
Creek trounced the visitors 13 to 6.<br />
The various park amusements were enjoyed until<br />
noon, when mess call was sounded and all were given<br />
a box luncheon and plenty of lemonade.<br />
A vaudeville show was given at 1.30 and then the<br />
various athletic events were staged, with WTlliam<br />
Lusk, William Fitzgerald and Frank Ederle in charge.<br />
In the labies' ball throwing contest, Mrs. H. P. Martin.<br />
Lansing, outclassed all of her competitors.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Lawder of Marshall was first in the sack<br />
race and Gus Landwehr of Battle Creek reached the<br />
tape first. The three-legged race found W. C. Lusk<br />
and Ge<strong>org</strong>e Lawder the best co-operators. In the<br />
50-yd. dash for traveling men, N. L. Pierson led to<br />
the finish line. A special running race for ladies and<br />
men found Mrs. Landwehr and Mr. McGuire the<br />
winners.<br />
A match foot race between Adam Schepper of Bay<br />
City and Harry Martin of Lansing was closely contested<br />
but Adams was the fleeter of foot.<br />
The Employers pulled a victory out of defeat<br />
in the tug-of-war. Sixteen men were on each side.<br />
The ball game between the upper cities, led by<br />
Lansing, and the lower cities, by Battle Creek, was a<br />
five-inning affair and kept the scorers on their toes<br />
to keep track of the tallies. The hitting was heavy,<br />
as was the cheering. Lang and Lewless were the<br />
Saginaw battery and Shouldice and Daly worked for<br />
Battle Creek. The teams jockeyed for the lead<br />
throughout and in the 5th inning Saginaw led 13<br />
to 11, but Battle Creek came through with a rally<br />
and won out 14-13, so they hold the silver cup.<br />
It was after 5.30 when the homeward trip was<br />
started and praises for Chairman William Lusk and<br />
Frank Ederle and the men whose work made the outing<br />
a big success were heard from everyone. There<br />
is no doubt that they accomplished their purpose of<br />
"we want everyone to have a good time."<br />
The Real Employer<br />
The Wallach sy.stem of stores in New York says<br />
to its clerks:<br />
"You are here on approval, just as the clothing<br />
furnishings and hats are sold on approval, whether<br />
paid for or not. So you can stay with us as long as<br />
you please our customers who are your real employers.<br />
That is vour first duty.<br />
"Selling merchandise is secondary. Remember, too,<br />
that pleasing a customer does not mean pleasing him<br />
only while he is in the store. He must never cease<br />
to be glad he came in. So tell him the truth always.<br />
Every man who comes into our stores is a customer,<br />
whether he buys or not. So be as particular, as<br />
cheerful in showing goods as in selling them."
122 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
News of the<br />
TRADE ASSOCIATIONS<br />
New England Plumbing Inspectors<br />
35 Members Attend Annual Outing and Enjoy a Splendid<br />
Time Despite Bad Weather<br />
Members of the New England Association of<br />
Plumbing Inspectors held their annual outing on July<br />
15, with an abundance of "eats" and "smokes," and<br />
a super-abundance of rain. But despite the downpour<br />
which started before the auto trip commenced<br />
to Canobie Lake Park, the members report the affair<br />
as one of the best ever hid. The rain kept them indoors<br />
and the program of sports had to be omitted<br />
but the members, in the interim, discussed their work<br />
from every angle in an informal manner and all felt<br />
well satisfied with the day's program.<br />
Tliere were 35 inspectors from all sections of New<br />
England in attendance and the business session was<br />
held at the Lawrence City Hall, Lawrence, Mass.<br />
Just as the party started from there for Canobie Lake<br />
the rain started. The storm put the car line out of<br />
commission and worked general havoc with everybody<br />
but the inspectors. The chicken dinner was served<br />
at the park and then came the informal session varied<br />
by a visit to the dance hall, where an excellent band<br />
furnished a program to the marooned pleasure-seekers<br />
at the park until trolley travel was restored.<br />
Oswald J. Cullington, plumbing inspector of Lawrence,<br />
acted as the day's host and Andrew J. Burnett,<br />
inspector at Melrose, Mass., as chairman of the ways<br />
and means committee, was in general charge. Mr.<br />
Cullington is also secretary of the association.<br />
Association Work By Auto Tour In Mass.<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong> OfBcer9 to Visit Wesern Part and Hold<br />
Executive Monthly Meeting En Route<br />
President G. Wilbur Thompson, Secretary W. H.<br />
Russell Goudey and members of the Executive Board<br />
of the Massachusetts Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
will leave Boston July 27 by auto for a tour of western<br />
Massachusetts in the interest of association work.<br />
They will be guests of the locals at Fitchburg, Greenfield,<br />
Pittsfield and Westfield during the trip.<br />
They plan to arouse enthusiasm in the state <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
and to strengthen the local associations and<br />
may aid in forming new locals. Inasmuch as distance<br />
prevents many of the members in the western part of<br />
the state from attending all meetings, the Executive<br />
Board has taken this method of keeping the members<br />
posted on the progress of events.<br />
A meetinge of the Executive Board, which would<br />
ordinarily be held at Boston this month, will be held<br />
en route. William Milne of Pittsfield is a member<br />
of the Executive Board and is arranging the program.<br />
Haverhill and Lowell, Mass., M.P. Association<br />
Outings are being planned by the Haverhill and<br />
Lowell, Mass., Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s Association, to take<br />
place early next month, but the dates have not yet<br />
been set.<br />
New Bedford, Mass., Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
Annual Mid-Summer Outing on August 4, to be a Clambake<br />
at Marion, Massachusetts<br />
The Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association of New Bedford,<br />
Mass., and vicinity will hold their annual mid-summer<br />
outing Aug. 4 and the affair promises to surpass anything<br />
ever before held in Southern Massachusetts.<br />
They will have a New England clambake at Bayside<br />
Pines, Marion, Mass., making the trip over by<br />
auto, and those who have ever enjoyed a Buzzard's<br />
Bay clambake will be on hand to do this one full<br />
justice. The affair is in charge of the officers, president,<br />
Augustus Smith; vice-president, J. P. Reilly;<br />
treasurer, John D. Elliott, and secretary, W. L.<br />
Bason.<br />
Suffolk County Plumbing and Heating<br />
Contractors «••»>»-«. . ~r-- • • •-•<br />
President Issues Call to Annual Dinner and 'Urges" Members<br />
to Let Committee Know Their Intentions."^- '<br />
Who could resist this invitation if a member of the<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, <strong>Steam</strong> and Hot Water <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Association<br />
of Suffolk County, N. Y., issued by President<br />
Fred B. Barker, Quogue, N. Y.:<br />
Fellow Members and Friends:<br />
At the last regular meeting of the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
<strong>Steam</strong> and Hot Water <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Association of Suffolk<br />
County, N. Y._ it was decided to hold our annual dinner<br />
on July 28, 1920. The committee in charge have selected<br />
the Gunning Point House, which is on the ocean front, about<br />
opposite Westhampton Beach, L. I.<br />
The way to get there is to go to Westhampton Beach<br />
cross the bridge to the Ocean Beach, turn west and follow<br />
the highway west, about a mile and a half<br />
The dinner is called for 1.30 p. m., and all are requested<br />
to be on hand in time. We expect to have a tip-top dinner<br />
and, as we all know, it tastes best when ready<br />
Charles H. Redfield, of Grimshaw & Redfield, Westhampton<br />
Beach, a hard-working member of this committee, has<br />
kindly offered to put up markers on the Main South Country<br />
Koad, what our brothers from the western part of the<br />
island would call the Merrick Road, soon to be known<br />
under its new name of the Montauk Highway<br />
Owing to the fact that the people who are to put up this<br />
dinner will furnish only as many as we order it is re<br />
quested that the members and others who wish to'come sign<br />
the enclosed card and send check to cover the number ol<br />
tickets required.<br />
Everybody interested ean understand that as the dinners<br />
_.*_. Th V X M Pa ^ !°V tWs 1S a nec «s ar y Part of this<br />
affair. The holders of tickets will have reservations that<br />
will he sure to make the trip enjoyable; others taking _<br />
chance on pot luck may go hungry!<br />
"LEST WE FORGET!"<br />
Don't say you can't come. Take time—TOU will be dead<br />
a long time. Have a little recreation while yon are able<br />
to enjoy it.<br />
J<br />
The dinner bell! We will not guarantee accommodations<br />
and unless you positively mail acceptance not later than the<br />
24th instant. As stated, we have to contract for the re<br />
the year stretched ahead of us. The going to this "affair will<br />
freshments. and in fairness to the committee, who are<br />
make a better man of each one who attends It v.inlet<br />
working for your pleasure—do it now'<br />
you meet the other chap that you have heard of but never<br />
The object of this affair is to get the members together<br />
meet face to face, and yon very likely will find that he is<br />
3 give us an annual event that we can look back to for<br />
a real ikeable chap, interested in the advancement of hs<br />
profession at which he makes his living, and a man of<br />
sterling_avic: worth. Members of the plumbing craft have<br />
. t . th f ° . St " ff t0 Win ° Ut In »» trades fhe tendency<br />
is to think of a competitor as some wild man; this idea I<br />
all wrong. Meet with us and vou will find ihe members<br />
in this line of business in Suffolk County a brig !„!<br />
tlemanly class of people. ""gnt, gen-
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 126<br />
To show that we were not thinking of ourselves alone,<br />
it was voted on at our last meeting to invite the ladies;<br />
so bring your good wife, if you are blessed with one, your<br />
daughter, or the lady whom you hope to have preside over<br />
your home. They will be welcome and it will give them<br />
a chance to see the class of people you associate with when<br />
away of an evening to one of our meetings in Bay Shore.<br />
PLEASE !<br />
As a slight help to the committee which has a good deal<br />
to do for no other recompense than the desire to make the<br />
affair a success, send the enclosed card back at once with<br />
your check, so that we can know how many to expect and<br />
make the needed arrangements.<br />
Yours fraternally,<br />
FRED B. BARKER,<br />
President.<br />
DINNER AND OUTING COMMITTEE:<br />
Charles H. Redfield, Westhampton Beach.<br />
Muir C Smyth, Brookhaven.<br />
Harry Robinson, Southampton.<br />
Fred B. Barker, Quogue.<br />
IF You HAVE A BATHING SUIT, BRING IT ALONG.<br />
Tribute to Cleveland Members<br />
The Associated Plumbing Contractors of Cleveland,<br />
Ohio, at the meeting July 13, adopted the following<br />
resolutions on the death of two of its members:<br />
WHEREAS, the Associated Plumbing Contractors of Cleveland<br />
learn with regret the passing away of Henry J. Hunger,<br />
for many years a manufacturer of brass goods in this<br />
city; and<br />
WHEREAS, Mr. Hunger, by many acts of kindness and accommodation,<br />
made himself a friend to all in need of his<br />
kind attention, all in need of a special friend, found him<br />
ready with his skill and advice, we look upon his loss with<br />
sorrow and regret;<br />
Therefore, be it resolved that we, the Associated Plumbing<br />
Contractors of Cleveland extend to the family and relatives<br />
our condolence and sympathy.<br />
(Signed ) CHARLES H. MALLOTT,<br />
CHARLES F. SIEFRIED,<br />
EB ELLEN.<br />
WHEREAS, by the passing away of Frank A. Wadsworth<br />
we mourn the loss of the oldest Master <strong>Plumber</strong> doing<br />
business in Cleveland; and<br />
WHEREAS, Mr. Wadswoth has endeared himself to the<br />
trade by his engaging personality and his acts of kindness<br />
to one and all; as an employer he was considerate and just,<br />
a friend in need and a good competitor in his dealings witb<br />
business associations;<br />
A good husband and father, a citizen of honesty and<br />
repute;<br />
Therefore, be it resolved that we. the Associated Plumb<br />
ing Contractors of Cleveland, express our sincere and heartfelt<br />
condolence and sympathy with the family, assuring<br />
them that we also mourn his loss.<br />
(Signed) CHARLES H. MALLOTT,<br />
CHARLES F. SIEFRJED,<br />
EB ELLEN.<br />
The Two Sheet Organizations<br />
Some confusion exists as to the two <strong>org</strong>anizations<br />
among the independent mills, the Western Sheet and<br />
Tin Plate Manufacturers' Association and the National<br />
Sheet and Tin Plate Association. The former<br />
is the <strong>org</strong>anization whieh deals with the Amalgamated<br />
Association of Iron, Steel and Tin <strong>Worker</strong>s at<br />
the annual wage conferences and at the bi-monthly<br />
examinations of sales sheets to determine the wage<br />
rate for the two-month periods. Ordinarily the next<br />
settlement, to fix the wage rate for the July-August<br />
period, would be held about July 10. Membership in<br />
this association is, of course, limited to makers who<br />
operate their mills on a union basis. A. N. Flora,<br />
vice-president of the Trumbull Steel Co., Warren,<br />
Ohio, is president of th <strong>org</strong>anization and James H.<br />
Nutt is secretary. Mr. Nutt worked for many years<br />
in the puddling departments of Mahoning" Valley<br />
plants. Offices of the association are maintained in<br />
the Mahoning Bank Building, Youngstown, Ohio.<br />
The National Sheet and Tin Plate Association is an<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization to further the interests of independent<br />
sheet and tin makers in a general way; to determine<br />
certain business policies and to enable the members to<br />
act in concert on matters of mutual interest. It is<br />
composed of independent makers who operate either<br />
on an open-shop basis or under the Amalgamated<br />
scale. It maintains offices in the Oliver Building,<br />
Pittsburgh, with Ge<strong>org</strong>e D. Mcllvaine as secretary.<br />
Bar iron manufacturers also have an association,<br />
known as the Western Bar Iron Association, which<br />
deals with the Amalgamated at the wage conferences<br />
and the bi-monthly settlements. Mr. Nutt is secretary<br />
of this <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
THE MILLIONAIRE GANG at the Annual Convention of thef<br />
National Association of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' at Peoria,.<br />
III., June 8-11. O. T. Ingledew, Chicago Scully Steel & Iron.<br />
Co.; Owen McGrath, Merchant & Evans, Chicago; J. D.<br />
Caldwell, Brier Hill Steel Co., Chicago; S. D. Burton, Inland<br />
Steel, Chicago.<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Branch Meeting October 21<br />
To Be Held During Twenty-sixth Annual Convention.<br />
of National Hardware Association<br />
at Atlantic City<br />
Through the courtesy of Secretary T. James Fernley,<br />
we are informed that the twenty-sixth annual<br />
convention of the National Hardware Association<br />
of the United States will be held at the Marlborough-<br />
Blenheim Hotel in Atlantic City, N. J., Oct. 19-22.<br />
This meeting, as in previous years, will have the<br />
automobile accessories branch convene on Tuesday,<br />
Oct. 19. The whole sheet metal trade will be interested<br />
in the fact that the <strong>Metal</strong> Branch will hold its<br />
nieeting on Thursday afternoon, Oct. 21, when the<br />
distributors will discuss matters of interest to them<br />
and at their invitation representatives of the rolling<br />
mills will also be present and take part.<br />
Chairman W. H. Donlevy of the <strong>Metal</strong> Branch is<br />
already engaged with its secretary, T. Ge<strong>org</strong>e Fernley,<br />
in considering matters which will occupy the attention<br />
of the members at the meeting so that those<br />
which are of greatest interest will be discussed by<br />
those best qualified to do it.
124 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
T. E. B. Appreciates Trade Press<br />
A letter from H. E. Jones of the Sales-Help Service<br />
Department of the Trade Extension Bureau,<br />
Evansville, Ind., contains the following:<br />
You have doubtless noted in the past that on every appropriate<br />
occasion T. E. B. has emphasized the idea that<br />
the plumbing and heating contraetor should give more time<br />
than he does to the reading and digesting of the immensely<br />
valuable material that is supplied him in the trade press.<br />
It gives particular pleasure to assure the Trade Press<br />
that this policy is still active, and that in the published<br />
material in all talks before conventions and association<br />
meetings this point will receive attention. In fact, the plumbing<br />
and heating contractor who listens to T. E. B. gospel<br />
with any serious attention is bound to realize that the trade<br />
press supplies him with one of the most valuable aids for<br />
keeping his ideas and practices up to date.<br />
CURRENT NOTES of<br />
ALL THE TRADES<br />
THE EVER-READY HEATER CO., Los Angeles, has been<br />
incorporated with a capital of $.500,000 by John B.<br />
Reeves, J. Oscar Smith and W. G. Duff, to manufacture<br />
heaters and lieating equipment.<br />
THE AMERICAN TANK & WELDING CO., 55 Isaac<br />
Street, Belleville, N. J., has been <strong>org</strong>anized to<br />
manufacture tanks and similar products. Ge<strong>org</strong>e C.<br />
Lee heads the company.<br />
THE DURIRON CASTINGS CO., 90 West Street, New<br />
York, manufacturer of acid and rust-proof iron<br />
products, soil pipe, etc., has increased its capital to<br />
$600,000.<br />
THE ELECTRIC BOILER CORPORATION has been incoriiorated<br />
at Cambridge, Mass., with a capital of<br />
$50,000 for the manufacture of boilers and heaters.<br />
The incorporators are Frederick Bernard, Watertown;<br />
Andrew E. Colson, Cambridge, and Horatio<br />
Alden, Brookline, Mass.<br />
JOHN J. KANE has opened a plumbing and gas fitting<br />
shop at 533 High Street, Holyoke, Mass.<br />
A POSTAL CARD ANNOUNCING new discounts on the<br />
Pierce American and the Pierce down draft steam<br />
and hot water boilers was issued July 12 by the<br />
Pierce, Butler & Pierce Mfg. Co., New York City,<br />
and shows a necessary advance to keep pace with<br />
the advancing cost of production.<br />
THE GROWTH OF THE FACILITIES for producing the<br />
"Duro" water systems for farms and suburbn residences<br />
and factories is well portrayed in halftone<br />
engraving of the plant presented on the first page<br />
of The Duro Pressure Gauge for July, issued by the<br />
Burnett-Larsh Mfg. Co., Dayton, Ohio. The last<br />
page is entitled "A Farm's Wife Value," and by<br />
means of the pictures her equipment in the laundry,<br />
in the kitchen and in the bathroom are made clear,<br />
while the equipment for farm use at the barn and<br />
the stock yard is also shown, but the accent is put<br />
upon the conveniences for the woman. Then the<br />
two interior pages show displays that have been<br />
made at different centers to make people realize<br />
what can be enjoyed and pictures of the equipment<br />
which the firm can supply. The picture of the<br />
New York convention sliows those who accepted the<br />
invitation of the company for the plumbing establishments<br />
here in New York to come in and hear a<br />
real sales talk and how to go about getting the business<br />
that will make the plumber and heating contractor<br />
prosperous whether or not a new building<br />
is erected in the United States this year.<br />
ANOTHER ONE OF THE OPPORTUNITIES brought to the<br />
attention of the heating contractor by the Minneapolis<br />
Heat Regulator Co., Minneapolis, Minn., contains<br />
the assertion that even' new house in which a<br />
new heating apparatus is erected in your town this<br />
year should be provided with equipment to regulate<br />
draft and maintain an even temperature. The<br />
installation of the Minneapolis Heat Regulator,<br />
whether when the lieater is first installed or later<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
on, is a matter of importance to the heating con<br />
CHARLES H. HILLS, formerly sales manager with the tractor because it carries with it the suggestion to<br />
Seattle branch, Worthington Pump & Machinery study up on tiie heat and temperature regulation,<br />
Corporation, is now in the marine department of the so as to make it clear that the cost is insignificant<br />
same company in the New York office.<br />
compared with the comfort and economy that attends<br />
its use. The Chicago branch is in the Insurance<br />
Exchange Building, and in New York City<br />
it is 1735 Grand Central Terminal Building.<br />
THE JULY NUMBER of the Sirocco Service issued by<br />
tbe American Blower Co., Detroit, gives information<br />
about the long service of the fan made by the<br />
conipany, calling particular attention to the fans<br />
installed in the Metropolitan Opera House 38 years<br />
ago, wliich are still in service. This fan is run<br />
in warm weather to aid in cooling and it is said to<br />
make a difference of 20 deg. in the temperature.<br />
Then there are more modern theatres shown using<br />
Service equipment as well as the model equipment<br />
used for ventilating the steamship St. Paul.<br />
New Branch Offices for U. S.<br />
Radiator Corporation<br />
The United States Radiator Corporation, Detroit,<br />
Mich., lias opened a branch on Martyr Street, Portland,<br />
Maine, where it is carrying a full line of the<br />
Capitol boilers, radiators, etc., for the state of Maine.<br />
It has 10,000 sq. ft. of floor space. Charles A. May-<br />
nard, who for the past 18 years has covered the state<br />
of Maine as salesman for the corporation, has been<br />
made branch manager in charge of the Portlnd office.<br />
The corporation will open another branch at Springfield,<br />
Mass., about Aug. 15, on Center Street, from<br />
which Western Massachusetts and parts of Vermont,<br />
New Hampshire and Northern New York will be<br />
covered. This branch will have about 15,000 sq ft<br />
of floor space and W. C. Brandeau, who for the past<br />
- years has been connected with the Boston office of<br />
the company, will be manager.
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMB ER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
SHEET METAL INDUSTRY<br />
THE KAHN-HOLT Co., Ill South Charles Street, Baltimore,<br />
Md., dealer in tin plate and metals, is now<br />
issuing a series of blotters. The first, bearing the<br />
picture of Ge<strong>org</strong>e Washington, states that by honorable<br />
and frank dealings he gained the confidence<br />
of his countrymen and pursuing the same policy<br />
combined with prompt shipments, this company has<br />
enjoyed the confidence of its patrons. Another<br />
blotter features Kahn-Holt Prince's metallic brown<br />
paint, ready for use and put up in 1-gal. cans, 5gal.<br />
kits and barrels.<br />
CLINTON PERFORATED METAL GRILLES are now being<br />
manufacturer by the Wickwire-Spencer Steel<br />
Co., Worcester' Mass., and 120 Broadway, New<br />
York City, successor to the Clinton Wright Wire<br />
Co., from steel, brass, copper, bronze, nickel, zinc,<br />
aluminum and monel, with either an electroplated'<br />
japanned, painted or buffed finish. Grilles up<br />
to 60 x 156 in. in size are made of one piece while<br />
larger sizes are made in two or more pieces joined<br />
together with hardly noticeable butt straps. Generally<br />
16, 14, 12, or 10 Birmingham gauge metal<br />
is used and the screw holes in the margin are<br />
either countersunk or plain.<br />
THE SHEET METAL CONTRACTOR will be interested in<br />
the July number of Graphite issued by the Joseph<br />
Dixon Crucible Co., Jersey City, N. J., which is<br />
largely occupied with halftone engravings showing<br />
smokestacks which are being painted with the Silica-Graphite<br />
paint made by the company. It gives<br />
the suggestion that this i.s a good season of the year<br />
to go chasing around amongst those who use sheet<br />
metal smokestacks to see their condition and make<br />
memorandums to recommend those repairs which<br />
will be needed to enable the smokestacks to pass<br />
through another winter season. Now is the time to<br />
prepare for th inclement period of the year rather<br />
than to wait.<br />
FROM THE BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Washington, D. C,<br />
there are issued two publications, one by H. S. Rawdon<br />
and Samuel Epstein, No. 156, "<strong>Metal</strong>lographic<br />
Features Revealed by the Deep Etching of Steel.'"<br />
The other is No. 376, by Howard Scott, entitled<br />
"Critical Ranges of Some Commercial Nickel<br />
Steels." These can be secured, respectively for<br />
10c. and 15c, from the Superintendent of Documents,<br />
Government Printing Office, Washington.<br />
CATALOG No. 25 issued by the Hess, Snyder Co.,<br />
Massillon, Ohio, in addition to describing in detail<br />
the various sizes and styles of the Boomer warmair<br />
furnaces, stoves and fittings which it manufactures'<br />
contains a table of pipe and register capacities<br />
and a reliable method of laying out a<br />
system of hot-air heating in dwellings. It is a<br />
valuable booklet for the tradesman to have.<br />
Decision Approved at Youngstown<br />
Award of the Railway Labor Board should prove<br />
to be a big stabilizing factor in the transportation<br />
situation of the country, say leading iron and steel<br />
makers of Y'oungstown, Ohio, who anticipate a bet-<br />
i<br />
terment in rail movements generally. The decision<br />
is welcomed by 18,000 railroad workers in this district.<br />
Mattie Furnace of the A. M. Byers Co. at Girard<br />
has been banked. Sheet mills at the DeForest Works<br />
of the Republic Iron & Steel Co. are idle this week.<br />
Trumbull Steel Co. is operating all of its 44 sheet<br />
tin plate and jobbing mills.<br />
Half Century of Service to Consumers<br />
of Iron and Steel<br />
The Brown-Wales Co., Boston, Mass., i.s celebrating<br />
the fiftieth anniversary of its founding. Starting with<br />
limited facilities, it hardly seems possible that the developments<br />
were accomplshed in this length of time.<br />
It is now recognized as maintaining one of the leading<br />
warehouses in New England for all requirements of<br />
the machinists, iron workers, structural shops, sheet<br />
metal workers, tinners, roofers- etc., the stock requiring<br />
large warehouses in Boston and Dorchester<br />
district.<br />
It maintains a large fleet of heavy motor trucks to<br />
make local, freight house and boat deliveries.<br />
Wheeling Steel Corporation Officials<br />
The newly <strong>org</strong>anized Wheeling Steel Corporation<br />
witli $100,000,000 capital stock and as a merger of<br />
the Wheeling Steel & Iron Co., the Whitaker-Glessner<br />
Co. and La Belle Iron Works, is a holding company<br />
and the three subsidiaries will maintain their<br />
identities.<br />
Isaac M. Scott, president Wheeling Steel & Iron<br />
Co., has been elected president of the new corporation,<br />
with Andrew Glass, D. A. Burt and W. H. Abbott,<br />
vice-presidents. D. A. Burt is treasurer and<br />
Walter Higgins secretary. Alexander Glass is chairman<br />
of the executive committee and A. H. Woodward<br />
vice-chairman. Members of the committee also include<br />
C. R. Hubbard, A. C. Whitaker, J. J. Holloway,<br />
E. C. Ewing, Isaac M. Scott and R. C. Kirk.<br />
Directors of the new <strong>org</strong>anization are as follows:<br />
One-year term, 1921, Howard Hazlett, F. M. Work,<br />
E. VV. Oglebay, Isaac M. Scott, A. C. Whitaker and<br />
Joseph Coudon; two-year term 1922, Edward Hazlett,<br />
N. P. Whitaker." Andrew Glass, A. H. Woodward,<br />
D. A. Burt and E. C. Ewing; three-year term,<br />
1923, J. M. Clarke, Alexander Glass, William F.<br />
Stifel, W. H. Abbott, R. C. Kirk, C. R. Hubbard<br />
and J. J. Holloway.<br />
D. A. Burt, secretary La Belle Iron Works, has<br />
been elected president of the company, succeeding<br />
R. C. Kirk, who resigned, and G. B. Levin, of Steubenville,<br />
Ohio, has been elected vice-president.<br />
Active Sheet Demand<br />
While some jobbing interests in the Middle W r est<br />
report an easing up in sheet steel demand, it has not<br />
yet reached makers of Youngstown, Ohio, who are<br />
not only sold ahead in this branch of the industry for<br />
a long period, but report fresh and sustained inquiries.<br />
The price spread on one-pass black, average<br />
sizes, ranges from 6.5c. to 9c, on galvanized from<br />
7.50c to 10c and on blue annealed from 5.50c to
126 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
6.50c Rolling schedules of independent producers<br />
are still being maintained on a 75 per cent, basis,<br />
despite an accumulation of tonnage conservatively<br />
valued at $20,000,000.<br />
Iron ore receipts have fallen off greatly, one large<br />
consumer having received only about 60 per cent, of<br />
the tonnage usually stocked by the middle of July.<br />
While order No. 7, giving priority to coal movement,<br />
has been extended for 30 days, or to Aug. 20, the<br />
modification by the Interstate Commerce Commission,<br />
exempting flat bottom gondola cars with sides less<br />
than 36 in. in height, inside measurement, is expected<br />
to afford some relief from the acute car stringency.<br />
Carnegie Steel Co. has been more seriously affected<br />
than any of the independents and its operations have<br />
sagged as low as 40 pr cent. On July 17, all departments<br />
except blast furnaces suspended to permit employees<br />
to participate in their annual outing.<br />
With settlement of the wage scale for sheet workers<br />
on a 5.75c card for the July-August period, employees<br />
in this branch have received a net increase<br />
since Jan. 1, 1919, of 13.8 per cent.<br />
At Farrell, Pa., the sheet units of the American<br />
Sheet & Tin Plate Co. have suspended because of<br />
scarcity of steel. The Pennsylvania railroad has imposed<br />
an embargo on outbound shipments which manufacturers<br />
say will work a great hardship unless soon<br />
rescinded. There are thousands of tons of steel ready<br />
to go forward, but no cars to move them. Blast furnace<br />
operators in the Shenango Valley are evincing<br />
concern over failure of the carriers to move cargoes<br />
of iron ore from the Lake ports. Up to the present<br />
time the furnaces have received only a small percentage<br />
of the ore consigned to them.<br />
Action of the Interstate Commerce Commission in<br />
more fully defining coal ears is a clarifying factor<br />
in the local situation, as heretofore there has been<br />
much confusion as to the real interpretation that<br />
should be placed upon order No. 7. Railroads placed<br />
one construction, while the mills placed another, with<br />
the result that there was some lack of co-operation<br />
in utilizing what few cars were available for shipments.<br />
No. 11 tube mill, the new lapweld mill of the<br />
Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., is now approaching<br />
completion. It will have a capacity of 5,000 tons of<br />
lapweld pipe a month.<br />
Pipe makers report warehouse stocks and stock of<br />
jobbers have been greatly depleted and shipments of<br />
oil country goods destined to jobbers are frequently<br />
diverted to consumers. Demand from this source is<br />
strong. An inquiry for 10,000 tons of pipe for export<br />
went the rounds of makers, but was rejected.<br />
New Catalog Covers Fan System<br />
A piece of technical literature of more than ordinary<br />
value is the proper classification of the Fan<br />
system of lieating, ventilating and humidifying under<br />
the name Buffalo, and bearing the catalog number<br />
700. as issued by Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co., Buffalo, N. Y.<br />
The foreword states that the company has always<br />
held that its engineering data and developments<br />
should not be hoarded as hidden treasures, but should<br />
be made available for the use of engineers in general.<br />
The work is divided into parts, and Part 1 is devoted<br />
to public buildings with all of the engineering<br />
data which will qualify engineers to approach the<br />
of designing the ventilation of any building for public<br />
use, whether a hospital, a workshop, a prison or a<br />
meeting hall with those tables, charts and other reliable<br />
data that will enable him to lay out what is<br />
required.<br />
Part 2 is in reference to industrial plants and contains<br />
similar information. Part 3 is devoted to the<br />
Buffalo apparatus, and in addition to showing pictures<br />
of various parts, making clear the value of the<br />
constructive details and of the different characters<br />
of apparatus which can be furnished for different<br />
needs, it also gives those tables, charts, capacities,<br />
etc., which will make it an invaluable reference book<br />
for the designing engineer. In reference to it, the<br />
company stated it is the most efficient catalog of its<br />
kind which it has ever published and is for all practical<br />
purposes a handbook on heating and yentilation.<br />
" Nokol" For Heating<br />
Every home owner wants to eliminate the ash<br />
carrying job so that he will "warm up" to "Nokol"<br />
when the heating man explains that it will also maintain<br />
an even temperature and is automatic in operation.<br />
"Nokol" is an oil burning apparatus for residence<br />
heating plants, put on the market by The <strong>Steam</strong><br />
Corporation (division of Amalgamated Machinery<br />
Corporation), Chicago, 111. Its principal parts are a<br />
thermostat centrally located, and connected with an<br />
electrical control box attached to a blower or an atomizer,<br />
a combustion chamber housing a constantly<br />
rs<br />
The "Nokol" Installed in Heating System<br />
burning pilot light and an oil storage tank. The installation<br />
requirements are a heating plant in good<br />
condition, steam, hot-water, vapor vacuum or warmair<br />
type, 110 volt direct alternating current to run<br />
blower and gas supply line for pilot light.<br />
This apparatus burns kerosene, and some other oils<br />
depending upon the locality in which they are installed.<br />
The accompanying cut shows how it is installed<br />
in a heating boiler.<br />
In operation the oil flows from the storage tank<br />
through supply line to a float chamber where needle
uly 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMB<br />
•alve maintains proper level. When temperature<br />
roes down the thermostat acts, starting the blower,<br />
vhich creates a forced draft through a tube leading<br />
nto the combustion chamber and through atomizing<br />
fuel nozzle, located in air tube, close to combustion<br />
hamber. The suction draws kerosene from the float<br />
;hamher and feeds spray into combustion chamber<br />
where pilot light placed at point where fuel ignites it.<br />
The spray nozzle is so designed that the correct proportion<br />
of air and oil is mixed for complete combustion.<br />
When the heat regulator acts and starts the<br />
blower it is so connected with the pilot light gas valve<br />
that the supply is turned from low to full and back<br />
to low, so that for a short period the flame expands<br />
to light the oil.<br />
During the extremely severe winter just passed this<br />
apparatus, it is said, has been extremely satisfactory,<br />
as it is positive in operation, is automatically controlled<br />
so that supervision is unnecessary and by the<br />
elimination of smoke, soot and a.shes has been a great<br />
convenience to the home owner. It is offered as a<br />
highly efficient apparatus and eliminates waste, as it<br />
only operates when the temperature requires.<br />
Franklin Union Course In Heating<br />
One of the institutions in which master plumbers<br />
of New England are vitally interested is the heating<br />
and ventilating course of instruction in theory and<br />
practice given by the Franklin Union, Boston, Mass.,<br />
from which, during its few years of existence, many<br />
of the leading younger men in the business have graduated.<br />
The course and the advantages which it offers<br />
to ambitious young men both in the business and<br />
those about to enter the business, may not be so widely<br />
known outside of Boston. But with several graduates<br />
of the course already successful salesmen for some of<br />
the big concerns, it is rapidly coming to the fore.<br />
On Saturday, July 10, the annual reunion of the<br />
alumni, known as the Franklin Union Heating and<br />
Ventilating Society, was held at Suntaug Lake Inn,<br />
Lynnfield, Mass., and of the 90 members of the society,<br />
53 were present. Considering that the course<br />
was established only 5 years ago and that of the whole<br />
number of graduates, 50 per cent, served overseas with<br />
the United States forces, the showing is remarkable.<br />
Many of the leading firms in Boston are picking their<br />
employees from the graduates, for the course is a<br />
complete one requiring two years to finish and turns<br />
out men who are able to figure obs and handle the detail<br />
of work required of the successful salesman of<br />
to-day. Engineering, draughting and other branches<br />
of the business are taught. Most of the students are<br />
actively employed by masters during their course, so<br />
that they get both the theoretical as well as the practical<br />
application of what they learn. Almost every<br />
large Boston concern now numbers one or more Franklin<br />
Pinion graduates on its payrolls and students are<br />
coming in larger numbers from other parts of the<br />
state.<br />
The members gathered at Boston and made the trip<br />
by autos. At the lake a shore dinner was served and<br />
was followed by a varied program of sports, the baseball<br />
game being won by the salesmen over the engineers<br />
14 to 13. The return trip was made in the early<br />
evening.<br />
R AND STEAM FITTER 127<br />
A drive is now under way for new members and is<br />
meeting with much success. Meetings of the alumni<br />
society are to be held each month at the various large<br />
Boston offices, where a lecture on some phase of the<br />
work will be given by some man prominent in the<br />
industry and will be followed by a trip of inspection<br />
through the offices and salesroom of the company entertaining<br />
the society.<br />
Harry E. Connell, assistant manager of the United<br />
Radiator Corporation of Massachuseets, is president<br />
of the society; Harr}' G. Dodge, Gurney Heater Co.,<br />
secretary; Robert Crocker Massachuseets Heating &<br />
Ventilating Co., Boston, was chairman of the transportation<br />
committee, and J. R. Reardon, of Reardon<br />
Brothers, Lynn, Mass., was chairman of the outing<br />
committee.<br />
Reading Pipe and Pictures in Pittsburgh<br />
To make clear to the every-day workers in pipe<br />
tilings which are overlooked, the Reading Iron Co.,<br />
Reading, Pa., utilized the opportunity afforded by the<br />
National Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s in Pittsburgh<br />
to make a splendid exhibit of its wrought iron<br />
pipe at the Sanitary and Efficiency Show, picture of<br />
which is present herewith.<br />
It did not stop with the splendid exhibit, but utilized<br />
one of the evenings during the convention when<br />
a vaudeville entertainment was given to put on a<br />
moving picture film showing the process of making<br />
wrought iron pipe.<br />
Unfortunately, in our convention report this was<br />
mentioned as the film of another manufacturing concern<br />
and it is a gratification to set the matter straight.<br />
Doubtless those who saw the pictures with the signs<br />
were thoroughly interested and saw the name Reading<br />
Iron Co. But there were many throughout the country<br />
who read the notice of this feature of the evening's<br />
pleasure who got the wrong impression as to whose<br />
generosity afforded the entertainment.<br />
The display of the moving pictures was instructive<br />
to manv people who had never had the opportunity to<br />
go through a pipe mill and see all of the processes.<br />
The display of the pipe on the rack in the exhibit<br />
Pipe Display In Pittsburgh Sanitary and Efficiency Show<br />
at Motor Square Garden and the illustrated explanation<br />
given by the moving pictures was extremely in-
128 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
teresting. The entrance to the booth was made up<br />
of a special loop or arch similar to that which would<br />
be used as an expansion loop in a long underground<br />
heating main and the columns were made up of pipe<br />
showing what the Reading pipe will stand when it<br />
comes to forming it into a coil. This splendid exhibit<br />
was in cliarge of R. S. Donaldson, special representative<br />
of the Advertising Department; F. English,<br />
district sales manager, and H. M. Wentley.<br />
They gave each visitor a numbered card and at the<br />
close of the convention, under the auspices of S. A.<br />
Patton, chairman of the committee of Pittsburgh Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s Association, a rack pipe was awarded<br />
to H. Palmatier, of Palmatier & Robertson, East<br />
Orange, N. J.<br />
Every guest at the company's booth was invited to<br />
make a close investigation of the pipe he is using so<br />
as to be able to impress upon customers that the muchused<br />
and much-abused wrought pipe has features of<br />
excellence that are as worthy of notice and as safely<br />
adapted for peculiar needs as any of the articles that<br />
have not been on the market for more than half a<br />
century and consequently are not passed over in the<br />
same way that the familiar iron pipe is passed over.<br />
LATE NEWS OF TRADES<br />
JOSEPH A. NELSON CO., Boston, Mass., has been incorporated<br />
to carry on a sheet metal business, with<br />
a capital of .$15,000. The directors and officers<br />
are: President, William F. Nelson; treasurer, Mrs.<br />
Jean Smith Nelson, 20 Seymour Street, Winthrop,<br />
Mass., and clerk, John F. Drinan.<br />
THOMAS DOBSON, of East Port Chester, Conn., has<br />
started a new plumbing, tinning and heating business<br />
in tiie Weir Building Co.'s block, 76 Arch<br />
Street, Greenwich, Conn. Mr. Dobson has been<br />
connected with the concern of D. K. Allen on<br />
Greenwich Avenue for 20 years and for the past<br />
3 years has managed a part of the business.<br />
GEORGE CARR, of Carr Supply Co., Chicago, 111., was<br />
on the job at the Michigan Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors'<br />
outing after a pleasant vacation with his family<br />
in Wisconsin.<br />
CHARLES GLESSNER, of the Excelsior Steel Furnace<br />
Co., Chicago, leaves a week from -next Wednesday<br />
for a fishing trip in Canada. He will be away for<br />
the month of August. i<br />
"JIM" DOHERTY, Chicago manager for the International<br />
Heater Co., is spending his vacation in<br />
Michigan.<br />
THE COMBUSTION ENGINEERING CORPORATION announces<br />
the appointment of Henry Kreisinger, formerly<br />
of the United Bureau of Mines, as engineer<br />
of research. He compiled a large proportion of<br />
the Government pamphlets on fuel and combustion<br />
problems. Mr. Kreisinger will conduct investigations<br />
for the Combustion Engineering Corporation<br />
of a similar nature to those that he conducted for<br />
the Government; and the results of his work will<br />
not only be available to the clients of that corporation,<br />
but will also be supjilied to the Government.<br />
THE EAGLE PIPE SUPPLY Co., INC., 'Woolworth Building,<br />
New York, has acquired the plant of the <strong>Metal</strong><br />
Products Co., Beaver, Pa., for about $85,000. The<br />
plant was used during the war for the manufacture<br />
of projectiles for the Government and will be<br />
converted by the new owner into a modern pipe<br />
mill. It consists of four one-story brick buildings<br />
on Fifth Street, 50 x 140 ft, 36 x 218 ft. 26 x 100<br />
ft. and 30 x 40 ft., respectively.<br />
THE C. A. DUNHAM CO., Fisher Building, Chicago,<br />
manufacturer of heating apparatus, is planning a<br />
two-story addition to its plant at Marshalltown,<br />
Iowa, 40 x 150 ft., to cost about $150,000.<br />
THE RELIANCE LIGHTING FIXTURE CORPORATION,<br />
New York, recently <strong>org</strong>anized to manufacture metal<br />
gas and electric fixtures, attachments, etc., has<br />
taken over the business of the Reliance Electric<br />
Lamp & Supply Co., 317 Canal Street.<br />
THE PREST-O-LITE CO., 30 East Forty-second Street,<br />
New York, manufacturer of acetylene equipment,<br />
will take bids until about Aug. 5 for its proposed<br />
one-story plant at Philadelphia, to cost approximately<br />
$75,000.<br />
THE PENNSYLVANIA RANGE & BOILER CO., 2010<br />
North Tenth Street, Philadelphia, has filed plans<br />
for a one-story addition to its boiler shorj.<br />
THE FISCHER-SWEENY BRONZE CO., 1301 Grand<br />
Street, Hoboken, N. J., manufacturer of exhausters,<br />
pumps, castings, etc., has increased its capital<br />
from $100,000 to $200,000.<br />
THE IRON CITY PIPE & FITTINGS CO., Birmingham,<br />
Ala., has inaugurated operations at its new plant<br />
at North Birmingham for the manufacture of sanitary<br />
pipe and fittings. It is proposed to develop<br />
a capacity of about 30 tons a day and this will be<br />
increased at a later date.<br />
THE MILWAUKEE BOILER MFG. CO., Milwaukee, has<br />
filed articles of incorporation. The capital stock is<br />
$200,000 and the incorporators are I. M. Bean,<br />
Otto A. Ehbe and W. D. Johnson, principal stockholders<br />
and officers of the Milwaukee Boiler Co.,<br />
220 Oregon Street. A statement concerning the'<br />
new <strong>org</strong>anization will be issued shortly, according<br />
to W. D. Johnson.<br />
8<br />
THE URSCHEL-BATES VALVE MFG. CO., Summit<br />
Street, Toledo, Ohio, has broken ground for a fourstory<br />
plant at Oakmont, Pa., to cost about $250,000,<br />
including equipment.<br />
THE WESTCOTT RULE CO., Bayard Street, Seneca<br />
Falls, N. Y., manufacturer of rules, metal measuring<br />
tapes, etc, has increased its capital from $25,-<br />
000 to $400,000.<br />
THE EDWARD G. BUDD MFG. CO., Twenty-fifth Street<br />
and Hunting Park Avenue, Philadelphia, manufacturer<br />
of steel automobile bodies, steel stampings,<br />
etc, has filed plans for extensions and improvements<br />
in its machine and assembling shop to cost<br />
about $100,000 and for similar work in another<br />
building at the plant to cost $30,000.
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 129<br />
THE VULCAN DETINNING CO., Sewaren, N. J., has<br />
acquired the assets and business of the Republic<br />
Chemical Co., Inc., with detinning works at Neville<br />
Island, Pittsburgh. This plant will be continued<br />
in operation, with Louis Muench, formerly presi<br />
dent of the Republic company, in charge.<br />
THE AREX CO., Conway Building, Chicago, manufac<br />
turer of ventilators and kindred metal products, has<br />
awarded a contract to J. Belch, 671 West Forty-<br />
third Street, Gary, Ind., for a one-story plant at<br />
4024-34 Broadway, Gary, 50 x 150 ft., to cost about<br />
$22,000.<br />
THE PREST-O-LITE Co., 30 East Forty-second Street,<br />
New York, manufacturer of acetylene apparatus,<br />
automobile lighting equipment, etc., will take bids<br />
up to early in August for a new one-story plant,<br />
25x100 ft., at Cambridge, Mass., to cost about<br />
$80,000.<br />
JOSEPH T. RYERSON & SON, West Side Avenue, Jer<br />
sey City, N. J., iron and steel products, have filed<br />
plans for a one-story steel addition to cost about<br />
$75,000. Headquarters of the company are at<br />
Chicago.<br />
THE FAMOUS STOVE Co., Piggot, Ark., has been in<br />
corporated at $20,000 by T. W. Johnson, A. B. Gal-<br />
legly and F. B. Sprague to manufacture stoves,<br />
ranges, etc.<br />
THE NEW HAVEN STOVE REPAIR Co., New Haven,<br />
Conn., has awarded a contract to Louis Winnik,<br />
New Haven, for a new one-story plant at 488 State<br />
Street, 24 x 100 ft., with extension, 12 x 24 ft., to<br />
cost about $15,000.<br />
Friends at The Michigan Outing<br />
Bruno Martin, of Saginaw, has had 76 birthdays<br />
yet was one of the most active men at the outing and<br />
took a lively part in the entertainment of every group<br />
he was in. Mr. Martin is one of the old-time crafts<br />
men and examples of his work have been shown by<br />
halftone engravings in our columns.<br />
The custom of entertaining is so strong w T ith the<br />
salesmen that these friends took part in the work even<br />
though they were supposed on this occasion to be<br />
entertained. R. W. Merck and Charles Glessner<br />
represented Excelsior Steel Furnace Co., Chicago;<br />
Thomas Peacock, R. J. Schwab & Sons Co., Mil<br />
waukee; T. H. Merriam, Raymond Lead Works, Chi<br />
cago; C. F. Nason, Milwaukee Corrugating Co., Grand<br />
Rapids; E. E. Behler, W. C. Hopson Co., Grand<br />
Rapids; N. L..* Pierson, Jr., American Rolling Mill<br />
Co., Detroit; Ge<strong>org</strong>e Carr, Carr Supplv Co., Chi<br />
cago; H. F. Brainard, J. I. & L. M. Osborn Co.,<br />
Cleveland; the local force A. B. Stove Co.; R. W.<br />
Blanchard, Hart & Cooley Co., Chicago, and H. E.<br />
Doherty, Safety Furnace Pipe Co., Detroit.<br />
Efficient Management of First Importance<br />
Tlie assistant general manager of a metal-working<br />
specialty comiiany writes to The Iron Age in response<br />
to an inquiry about increasing production as follows:<br />
Our experience not only in thc present year but also<br />
in the past has indicated that employees generally are<br />
not prone to increase production without a stimulus of<br />
some kind. We do not believe the tendency to slack is<br />
very much greater now than it has been at any other time,<br />
except that men are receiving many more dollars in the<br />
pay envelope than they ever thought they would receive<br />
and, regardless of thc purchasing power' of that dollar,<br />
tlyy are taking more days off for rest, recreation or other<br />
purposes than formerly.<br />
To overcome the undesirable tendency just above mentioned,<br />
wc have found that increased efficiency in supervision<br />
and management was required. W'e have long believed<br />
that efficiency of management was of more importance<br />
than was efficiency of the workmen, and we have<br />
spent the greater part of our endeavor in developing real<br />
honest, efficient management before experimenting with the<br />
workmen. The results have been extremely gratifying,<br />
and we believe much more satisfactory than in the case<br />
where efficiency has been applied to workmen first and<br />
management last.<br />
By efficient management we mean efficient foremen and<br />
supervisors, efficient records and control, and have found<br />
that the worker is hound to respond more fully to the<br />
stimulus of efficient management than he i.s to his own personal<br />
efficiency.<br />
Also, we have found that the amount in the pay envelope<br />
has increased faster than our increase in production,<br />
yet we believe the increase in production which we have<br />
received is not disappointing, in spite of the fact that we<br />
have not entered into piece-work arrangements and largely<br />
rely upon a day-rate basis—a day rate, however, under<br />
which the output efficiency of every employee is carefully<br />
considered in establishing his proportion of pay envelope<br />
return.<br />
Prohibition, we believe, has helped output in that our<br />
workers are much more steady on their jobs, and in addition<br />
to this have been able to save more money than at any<br />
time in the past.<br />
Negro Inventions<br />
Few are better qualified to write of the achieve<br />
ment of the negro in the field of inventions than Em-<br />
mett J. Scott from his thorough familiarity with the<br />
work at both the Hampton Institute at Hampton, Va.,<br />
and the Tuskogee Institute at Tuskogee, Ala.<br />
In a recent number of the Southern Workman, the<br />
magazine of the Hampton Institute, he presented the<br />
following:<br />
In the practical application of scientific principles as embodied<br />
in useful inventions, the negro has long held an<br />
important place. The publications of Henry E. Baker of<br />
tlie United States Patent Office set forth a record altogether<br />
and comparably favorable,<br />
These inventions run the whole gamut, from Banneker's<br />
clock in 1754 to Forten's invention of apparatus for managing<br />
sails, including Lewis's invention of a machine for<br />
picking oakum; Henry Blair's patents on a corn harvester;<br />
Williani B. Purvis's patents on electric railways, a fountain<br />
pen, magnetic car-balancing device, etc.; Dickinson's patents<br />
for playing the piano; Ferrell's patents for the improvement<br />
iii valves for steam engines; Benjamin F. J ack "<br />
son's inventions of different improvements in heating and<br />
lighting devices, and a controller for a trolley wheel;<br />
Charles A'. Richey's inventions, including a device for<br />
registering the calis on a telephone and detecting the unauthorized<br />
use of that instrument; Granville Wood's inventions;<br />
the Elijah McCoy inventions; and the inventions<br />
of John Ernest Matzeliger, including the first machine that<br />
performed automatically the operations involved in attaching<br />
soles to shoes.<br />
Then there are the latter-day and war-time inventions,<br />
including the war-bombs machine, and air-craft guns, explosive<br />
bullets, submarines and diving suits.
1.30 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
To Teach Plumbing in Charlotte Schools<br />
A course of plumbing, in connection with the manual<br />
training courses, will be instituted as part of the<br />
curricula of the Alexander Graham High School and<br />
the Junior High School, Charlotte, N. C. H. P.<br />
Harding, superintendent of schools, has stated that<br />
the board of school commissioners has authorized the<br />
new course.<br />
The superintendent was instructed by the board<br />
to secure the proper man for the teaching of the fundamentals<br />
of plumbing in conjunction with the other<br />
vocational training. Steps were also taken looking<br />
toward the securing of additional equipment for the<br />
manual training departments of the schools.<br />
The Use of Open Top Cars<br />
A committee of the Scrap Iron Divisions of the<br />
National Association of Waste Material Dealers, Inc.,<br />
made up of H. R. De Groate, Charles A. Barnes, Jacob<br />
Ciinsburg, together with the secretary of the association<br />
and traffic counsel, went to Washington to attend<br />
the hearing granted by the Interstate Commerce<br />
Commission in reference to Service Order No. 7, which<br />
provides that open-top equipment suitable for coal<br />
loading should only be used for such purposes unless<br />
the cars are moving in the direction of the mines.<br />
Plundreds of <strong>org</strong>anizations were represented and<br />
very strong protests were made in reference to this<br />
order. The scrap iron interests were asked to consolidate<br />
with the Iron and steel interests and showed that<br />
even the American Railroad Association had wrongly<br />
interpreted the order in that they held that it applied<br />
to all open-top equipment.<br />
The chairman stated that shipments of scrap iron<br />
were being re-consigned sometimes as much as five<br />
and six times and in this connection it was desired to<br />
emphasize the importance of members making every<br />
possible effort to avoid re-consignment and not in any<br />
case more than twice on any shipment and that they<br />
do everything possible to load and unload cars<br />
promptly and to load them as heavily as possible.<br />
Death of Walter A. Mendell<br />
As the result of a complication of heart and kidney<br />
trouble, Walter A. Mendell died Tuesday, July 13,<br />
at his home, 707 Spruce Street, Camden, N. J., in<br />
the thirty-fifth year of his age. He became interested<br />
in the plumbing trade and after learning it went<br />
into business for himself and became an energetic<br />
and popular young business man. He was a member<br />
of Camden Lodge of Elks, Camden Lodge of Moose<br />
and the Fourth and Seventh Ward Republican Clubs.<br />
He was also a member of the Church of the Immaculate<br />
Conception, from which church his funeral took<br />
place. He is survived by his wife and three children.<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Sum mar y<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets—Receipts regular with no<br />
lessening of demand.<br />
Tin Plate—Steady demand for prompt delivery.<br />
Tin—Demand is light. Prices firm.<br />
Copper—Continued improvement. Prices hold.<br />
Lend—Strong with upward price tendency.<br />
Zinc—Quiet but firm.<br />
Antimony—Unchanged and quiet.<br />
Foundry I'ig Iran—Improved interest, particularly' in<br />
next year delivery.<br />
Foundry Coke—Demand for spot tonnage. Shipment and<br />
production curtailed.<br />
Linseed Oil—Fair demand and prices unchanged.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Demand light. Stocks low.<br />
Transportation the Governing Factor<br />
#T| Freight cars are making less mileage now than<br />
31 they did in 1916 before Government control.<br />
Rates will have to be advanced and whether 1-3 or<br />
1-4 is not known. Industries are having trouble in<br />
netting needed materials and to distribute products.<br />
Notices have been issued of the advance in price of<br />
some goods, such as heating boilers and the probable<br />
advance of sanitary earthenware. Pipe continues<br />
scarce. Materials •with $46 basic pig iron and $18<br />
coke and wages high and labor inefficient give no<br />
immediate prospect that is pleasing to the buying<br />
•public.<br />
Roofing plates are scarce because of the demand<br />
for canners' stock. An indication of the merit of the<br />
higher cost of goods to-day is the notably better finish<br />
of galvanized sheets due to the greater vigilance of<br />
the makers rather than skill of the labor available.<br />
Collections are reported quite good under the circumstances<br />
and this should be an incentive to all<br />
tradesmen not to overlook arranging a date for settlement<br />
of all the rush work of the fall that will soon<br />
start. It is not a time to be sure of any position and<br />
there seems little probability that goods will be procured<br />
easily or at a lower price.<br />
FOUNDRY PIG IRON<br />
New York The quotation of $4-6, furnace for the remainder<br />
of this year and the first half of next made by a<br />
leading . irginia interest received a rather chilly reception<br />
and a very limited tonnage was sold. The company has<br />
now withdrawn the quotation so far as this year is concerned,<br />
but is still willing to book for the first naif of next<br />
year. A slightly increased interest in the market for next<br />
year is being manifested, and some feelers have been sent<br />
out by melters. While furnances are; not anxious to contract<br />
b.r delivery after Jan. 1, several Pennsylvannia and<br />
at least one Buffalo furnace have named $46 as **>eir
July 23, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 131<br />
price for the first half of 1921. Some furnaces, preferring<br />
a await market developments, are declining to quote at<br />
the present time for next year's delivery. The expected advance<br />
of about 18 per cent, in freight rates will make an additional<br />
heavy handicap on shipments from Southern points,<br />
particularly Tennessee and Alabama.<br />
We quote for deliverv in New York as follows:<br />
East. Pa., No. 1 fdy., sil. 2.75 to 3.25.$50.05 to $51.05<br />
East. Pa., No. 2X 1'dy., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.05 to 50.05<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 47.80 to 48.80<br />
No. 2X, Virginia, sil. 2.25 to 275... 50.85<br />
Chicago.— The market is noteworthy not only because<br />
of the appearance of considerable third quarter and last<br />
half tonnage, but because some 1921 business has been closed<br />
and more is before the trade. Two sales involving several<br />
thousand tons of foundry for shipment in the first half of<br />
next year have been closed at $16 base, Ohio furance. The<br />
demand for prompt and third quarter iron is steadily becoming<br />
more active, this being attributed to the desire of<br />
melters to secure deliveries before the anticipated freight<br />
advance takes effect.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered, at consumers'<br />
yards except those for Northern foundry and<br />
steel-making - irons, which are f.o.b. furnace and do not<br />
include a switching charge averaging 50c. per ton.<br />
Northern coke No. 1, sil. 2.25 to 2.75, last half 47.25<br />
Northern coke No. 1 spot 47.25<br />
Northern coke foundry, No. 2, sil, 1.75 to 2.25<br />
last half 45.00<br />
Northern coke, No. 2. spot 45.00<br />
Northern high phos., last half . 45.00<br />
Southern coke. No. 1 foundry and No. 1 soft<br />
sil. 2.75 to 3.25 50.20<br />
Southern coke, No. 2 foundry sil. 2.25 to 2.75 48.70<br />
Southern foundry sil. 1.75 to 2.25 47.00<br />
Philadelphia.— In foundry iron there is some inquiry,<br />
but consumers are mainly concerned in getting shipments<br />
of iron already contracted for. The shipping situation<br />
shows little or no improvement, and some merchant furnaces<br />
in the East are piling iron. The coke shortage is crucial,<br />
and unless there is improvement soon, more furnaces will<br />
be banked. Up to $19 and $20 nave been obtained for<br />
furnace coke for prompt shipment, and like prices prevail<br />
on foundry coke.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered in consumers'<br />
yards in Philadelphia or vicinitv.<br />
East Pa. No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil.$46.90 to $49.10<br />
East. Pa. No. 2X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil.... 48.15 to 50.35<br />
Virginia No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil. 49.10 to 50.10<br />
Virginia No. 2X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil.... 50.35 to 51.35<br />
Cincinnati.—While the market cannot be termed active<br />
more inquires are being received than has been the case<br />
for many weeks. Most of these are for fill-in tonnages for<br />
prompt delivery and range all the way lrom carload lots<br />
to 500 tons.<br />
Based on freight rates of $3.60 from Birmingham ana<br />
$1.80 from Ironton. we quote f.o.b. Cincinnati:<br />
Southern coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (base price) . $45.60<br />
Southern coke, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 (No. 2 soft).. 46.85<br />
Southern Ohio coke. sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (No. 2). 46.80<br />
Cleveland.— A number of additional inquires have come<br />
out for foundry pig iron for delivery next year. Some of<br />
the producers report that they were unable to ship as much<br />
pig iron last week as during the few previous weeks owing<br />
to the scarcity of the car supply. A local furnace interest<br />
was able to ship only half of its make. Considerable Buffalo<br />
iron is being shipped east by barges. Many foundries<br />
are asking furnaces to anticipate shipments in order to<br />
get their iron in stock before the advance in freight rates.<br />
We quote delivered Cleveland as follows, based on 40c.<br />
switching charge for local iron, a $1.40 freight rate from<br />
Valley points, and $5 from Birmingham:<br />
Northern, No. 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 $45.40<br />
Southern foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 48.70<br />
Ohio silvery, sil. 8 per cent 60.40<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap Iron, New Vork.—The market remains stagnant.<br />
One Xew York broker has raised buying prices slightly<br />
over a week ago.<br />
Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are<br />
quoting to local foundries, per gross ton'<br />
No. i machinery cast ' $38.00 to $39.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, huilding<br />
materials, etc.), cupola size 37.00 to 3S 00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size... 31.00 to 32 00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers<br />
T etc > •• 31.00 to 32.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. min. diam.,<br />
not under 2 ft. long) 17.50 to 18.00<br />
Stove plate 24.00 to 24.50<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago.—The market is dull. Transportation<br />
remains a decided brake on business, but a slight<br />
improvement has been noted since the Commerce Commission<br />
order covering open-top cars was modified to the extent<br />
of permitting the unrestricted use of cars with sides up to<br />
36 in. Box cars, also_ are being used more extensively,<br />
particularly in shipments to foundries. One rolling mill<br />
has also agreed to accept shipments in that type of equipment.<br />
We quote delivery in consumers' yards, Chicago and<br />
vicinity, all freight and transfer charges paid, as follows:<br />
Per Net Ton<br />
No. 1 cast $36.00 to $37.00<br />
Boiler punchings 25.00 to 25.50<br />
Locomotive tires, smooth 23.50 tp 24.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 9.50 to 10.00<br />
Cast borings 12.50 to 13.00<br />
Stove plate 27.50 to 28.00<br />
Grate bars 28.00 to 29.On<br />
Brake shoes 24.50 to 25.on<br />
Railroad malleable 26.50 to 27.00<br />
Agricultural malleable 26.00 to 26.5U<br />
Country mixed 15.50 to 16.50<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburgli.—N'o material change is observed<br />
in scrap iron and steel prices, but this fact finds<br />
its chief explanation in the fact that trading is much circumscribed<br />
by the railroad situation, which makes impossible<br />
the loading of open-top cars with sides of less than<br />
36 in. except in the direction, while the movement of loaded<br />
cars is entirely by permit. The railroads are issuing<br />
permits only when evidence i.s presented to show that the<br />
material is going to a point where it will be unloaded, and<br />
that the cars will not be shunted from one point to another<br />
in the effort of the shipper to find an outlet. Users of machine<br />
shop turnings have big stocks in their yards and are<br />
practically out of the market for fresh supplies at present.<br />
Sales of short shoveling turnings are noted at $18 per<br />
gross ton delivered. Cast scrap of all sorts remains scarce<br />
and prices are very firm. On account of the poor deliveries<br />
of pig iron, non-intergrated steel makers would pay up<br />
to $34, delivered, for heavy breakable cast.<br />
We quote for deliverv to consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh<br />
and other districts that take Pittsburgh freight<br />
rates as follows:<br />
Cast iron wheels $42.00 to $43.00<br />
Rolled steel wheels 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 12.50 to 13.00<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) .... 26.00 to 27.011<br />
Heavv steel axle turnings 20.50 to 21.00<br />
Heavv malleable cast 33.00 to 34.00<br />
Cast iron borings 17.75 to IS.25<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 31.00 to 32.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New Vork—Inquiry has been better<br />
though actual business was not heavy. Holders of material<br />
are generally firm in their ideas of values.<br />
buying prices are as follows:<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible 16.00<br />
Dealers'<br />
Copper, heavy and crusible 16.00<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 15 00<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 13.00<br />
Brass, heavy WW,<br />
Brass, light<br />
Heavv machine composition<br />
1r .!•<br />
%'tn<br />
Nn. 1 vellow brass turnings 9.50<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turning.. 12 25<br />
Lead, heavy "A"A<br />
Lead, tea A„"<br />
Zinc<br />
5 -°<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.—The market is quiet and lead<br />
pipe has advanced. Dealers' buying prices for less than<br />
carload lots are:<br />
Red, brass $1 2'nn<br />
Yellow- brass, heavy »•»«<br />
Yellow brass, borings W !• \<br />
Heavy wire i-'-n<br />
Heavv conner io'cn<br />
Copper clips •. ]•'•:'<br />
Copper bottoms ii.ou
132 METAI. WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER July 23, 1920<br />
Lead pipe 6.25<br />
Tea lead 3.00<br />
Tin foil '...'." 30^00<br />
Block tin pipe 40.no<br />
Zinc 4 jr,<br />
Pewter, No. 1 \ 25.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Boston.— Continued dullness has resulted<br />
in few changes in the demand for old metals. With increasing<br />
demand for export more activity is expected. White<br />
metals are in demand. Dealers are nominally paving as<br />
follows:<br />
Heavy crucible copper $15.75 to $16.25<br />
Heavy scrap copper 15.no to 15.50<br />
Light copper 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Heavy mch. comp., red brass 15.50 to 16.00<br />
Comp. turnings, No. 1 13.50 to 14.00<br />
Heavy brass 9.00 to 9.50<br />
Light brass 7.00 to 7.50<br />
Brass turnings No. 1 rod 9.75 to 10.25<br />
Lead, solid 6 75 to 7 25<br />
zin c 5.00 to 5.25<br />
Pe-wter No. 1 36.00 to 38.00<br />
Clean cast aluminum 24.0.0 to 24.5n<br />
New aluminum clippings 25.00 to 26'on<br />
Old and painted aluminum 23.50 to 24.00<br />
Old Rubber.— Market i.s very dull and some prices have<br />
declined on account of continued'absence of demand. AVholesale<br />
dealers' buying quotations are:<br />
Boots and shoes 6 to 6 : 4<br />
Trimmed arctics 434 to 5<br />
Auto tires 2 2-5 to 2 3-5<br />
Bicycle tires 11.. to 1%<br />
Solid tires ' 2 to _ 1/.<br />
No. 1 inner tubes Ill:, to 12 i.<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4 1 /,<br />
Mixed red scrap 314 to 4 ~<br />
Mixed black scrap \A, to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose a4 to 114<br />
Garden hose 34 ^0 j<br />
OM Bags.—Seasonal dullness continues and lower prices<br />
have resulted through dealers' not being able to hold material.<br />
Wholesale dealers' prices are:<br />
No. 1 whites $10.50 to $11 00<br />
No. 2 whites : 5.75 to 6.00<br />
Thirds and blues 3.50 to 3 75<br />
Straight garments 2.10 to 2 20<br />
Hard back carp'ets 1.90 to 2.00<br />
Soft back carpets 4,25 to 4 50<br />
Paper Stock.—There is a good demand and the supply<br />
of pulp is still unable to satisfy consuming requirements,<br />
althought production has been increasing. Wholesale dealers'<br />
buying quotations for Xew York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $3.20 to $3.30<br />
Crumpled news 1.80 to 1.90<br />
SHEETS AND METALS<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets.—As a result of the<br />
cleaning up the freight congestion in the middle West, more<br />
carloads of sheets are arriving than usual but they are not<br />
sufficient to meet the demand since they were sold months<br />
ago.<br />
Tin I'late.— The mills have plenty of orders but car<br />
shortage prevents shipment of even the 70 percent production<br />
at which they are now running.<br />
Copper.—Lack of interest by domestic consumers in<br />
future prevails and those needing prompt metal are covered.<br />
covered.<br />
Tin.—Absence of demand and inquiries from consumers<br />
characterizes this market.<br />
Lead.—Producers have none to spare and continued<br />
stringency is bringing out more inquiry for later shipments.<br />
Zinc.—Consumers are not active. Stocks are admittedly<br />
declining and production is not heavy. Labor conditions<br />
are still bad with the producers.<br />
Antimony.—There is more inquiry for futures.<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgh.— This product is one where the<br />
pressure for supplies shows no material relaxation. Notwithstanding<br />
the preference granted in the matter of car<br />
supplies and cars are so scarce that early relief appears un-<br />
C'oinmerce Commission, for the movement of perishable<br />
food container plates, the can companies still are short of<br />
supplies and cars are so scarce that early relief apepars unlikely.<br />
Stocks at the various mills, though much lighter<br />
than they were recently, still are heavy, no less than 105<br />
Eliminating<br />
Vitiated Air<br />
'"PO be healthful, the air in any kind of building must<br />
be kept clean and fresh. A constant circulation of<br />
air and prompt elimination of vitiated air are secured by<br />
the use of the Burt Ventilator.<br />
Tbe Burt Glass-Topped Ventilator also serves as an auxiliary<br />
skylight, this feature in no way interfering with its<br />
functions as a ventilator.<br />
Further details will be supplied on request.<br />
The Burt Manufacturing Co.<br />
300 Main Street, Akron, Ohio<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. Reed & Co., Montreal, Sole Manufacturer of Burt<br />
Ventilators for Canada
N.<br />
July 23. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 133<br />
carloads being held at the Xew Kensington, Pa., plant of<br />
the American Sheet & Tin Plate Co. This company has<br />
about 60 per cent of its tin plate capacity in operation, but<br />
independent mills are more fully engaged, and the average<br />
for the entire industry is estimated at about 75 per cent.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh.— Business is quiet< not because of<br />
lack of demand, hut because makers generally have bookings<br />
sufficient to engage capacity well over tlie remainder<br />
of this year. Some of the independent makers are taking<br />
on a little third quarter tonnage for which they are obtaining<br />
extremely fancy prices, sales of black sheets, galvanized<br />
and blue annealed being rated at prices quoted in our<br />
current market. Some rather good-sized tonnages of the<br />
latter for delivery in tlie present quarter recently have been<br />
hooked at approximately the same prices.<br />
NOTES ON PRICES<br />
Linseed Oil Fair demand for spot oil has developed<br />
but indications are that lower prices are expected. In<br />
lots of 5bbl. and over, city raw American seed is quoted<br />
at $1.56 to $1.66, and out-of-town raw American seed is<br />
$1.56 to $1.66. In lots of less than 5 bbl. '3c more per gallon<br />
is asked. Boiled oil brings '2c more per gallon than raw<br />
oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.— Demand is rather light but<br />
stocks are at low ebb. In machine barrels in yard, the wholesale<br />
price is quoted at $1.65%.<br />
Rosin.— Prices unchanged. Stocks fair. Demand moderate.<br />
On the basis of 280 lbs. to the barrel, the wholesale<br />
priee of common-to-good strained is $12.15. Grade D is<br />
$16.40.<br />
Iron and Steel Pipe.— Conditions still are extremelyacute<br />
as far as supplies are concerned, as all makers,<br />
especially the Xational Tube Co., still are suffering from<br />
the shortage of railroad cars. Jobbers in the Pittsburgh<br />
district have been able to get some material by motor truck,<br />
but beeause of the high cost have cut their basing discounts<br />
on both black and galvanized steel pipe five points, wdiich<br />
is equivalent to an "advance of $10 per ton. Discounts on<br />
the base charges now quoted by jobbers are 4ly2 per cent<br />
on black and 26% per cent on galvanized.<br />
Foundry Coke.— The market here has strengthened<br />
further since last reports, with sales of prompt furnace<br />
fuel now being done as high as $18.50 per net ton at oven.<br />
N'o recent prompt shipment business in foundry coke has<br />
been at less than $18 per net ton at oven and $19 has been<br />
the more common figure on such business. Tbe continued<br />
strength of the market may be explained by the fact that<br />
car placements still are inadequate for any material increase<br />
in production while the availability of coal cars and<br />
extremely attractive prices which prevail for that commodity<br />
cause' some operators to pay little attention to their coke<br />
obligations. One prominent producer, most of whose coke<br />
production had been sold on contract over the remainder of<br />
the year, at an extremely low price compared with contract<br />
prices in general is reported to be shipping practically nothing<br />
but coal at present. This devepopment forces customers<br />
of this producer into the market for spot tonnage and<br />
is one of the contributary causes of the present high prices.<br />
While it is by no means a general condition, a number of<br />
coke producers are making only feeble efforts to supply tonnages<br />
on contracts because of the much higher prices which<br />
can be obtained for spot tonnages. Virtually none of the<br />
contracts placed for last half furnace coke made at fixed<br />
prices call for a higher figure than $12 per net ton at oven,<br />
and in the scale contracts based on the prices of Valley<br />
basic pig iron, maximum prices of from $10 and $12 were<br />
named in most of them. The full range of prices on furnace<br />
eoke is from $17 to $18.50 per net ton at oven and on spot<br />
foundry grade, about $1 per ton higher.<br />
FROST-PROOF<br />
CLOSETS<br />
are helping plumbers to<br />
build bigger business<br />
from existing buildings<br />
Your customers who i re postponing<br />
new building operation will be glad<br />
to avail themselves of the convenience<br />
of the VOGEL in unheated places,<br />
such as the garage, back porch or<br />
yard.<br />
You can meet this demand<br />
with the VOGEL.<br />
It is simple to install.<br />
All ready assembled and<br />
tested when you get it.<br />
Xo pit needed.<br />
Ask your jobber or<br />
send to us for catalogue.<br />
Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
Wilmington<br />
Delaware<br />
Our Convention Issue Splendid<br />
A following letter is received saying some nice<br />
things about the Convention Number of the METAL<br />
WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER.<br />
CENTRAL FOUNDRY COMPANY<br />
Manufacturers of Soil Pipe Fittings, Universal Pipe<br />
and General Castings<br />
Xew Vork, July 9, 1920.<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, Plumlier and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>,<br />
243 West Thirty-ninth Street,<br />
Xew York.<br />
GENTLEMEN:<br />
This will acknowledge the receipt and thank you for<br />
your letter and the information it contained. We have<br />
noted the items referred to in what we consider a very<br />
splendid Convention issue of .METAL WORKEU, PLUMBEB AND<br />
STEAM FITTER.<br />
Wishing you continued success in your endeavors, and<br />
thanking you for the interest, we are,<br />
, ery truly,<br />
CENTRAL FOUNDRY COMPANY.<br />
By C. W. Presdee,<br />
Advertising Manager.
134<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide changes in<br />
price continue.<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
July 23, 1920<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks.<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sufficiently heavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticable<br />
to name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
5 in 4.25 4.05 3.00 ROSIN—<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over 5H in 4.90 4.50 3.50 Common to good strained (whole<br />
99'o pure, in ingots for remelt 6 in 5.05 4.75 4.00 sale), 280 lbs., per bbl $12.15<br />
ing, 1004b. lots—37 to 39c. 7 in 6.50 7.50 SHEETS—<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
ELBOWS AND SHOES—<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb. Galvanized Steel-<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
10c to 12c Plain Round and Corrugated- No. 10, per lb 6.50-8.00<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET—<br />
All sizes up to 6 in 5C% No. 12, per lb 6.55-8.05<br />
Base price Nominal Square—<br />
No. 14, per lb 6.60-8.10<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
Square 40% No. 16, per lb 6.70-8.20<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4.50 Copper-<br />
Black— One Pass. C. R.<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
All sizes Net List<br />
Soft Steel<br />
Corrugated-<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings- No. 18 to 20, per lb 7.80- 9.80<br />
Round or Square—<br />
Standard list..Prices on application No. 22 to 24, per lb 7.85- 9.85<br />
Galvanized steel 30% LEAD—<br />
No. 26, per lb 7.90- 9.90<br />
Toncan or ingot 15% American Pig, per lb. ..10J_c to lie No. 27, per lb 7.95- 9.95<br />
Copper 10% Bar, per lb ll!_c to 12c No. 28, per lb 8.00-10.00<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe-<br />
METAL LATH—<br />
No. 29, per lb 8.05-10.05<br />
Galvanized 20% Under 100 sq. yd. per sq. yd. 40c No. 30, per lb 8.25-10.25<br />
Spiral Riveted—<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.—<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 wide,<br />
Galvanized On application Leads-<br />
10c higlier<br />
(See also elbows and shoes; Lead, American White, in Oil, Wellsville Polished—<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers, kegs less than 500 lbs., 15}_c 20 gauge 11.10c<br />
Conductor.)<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. tin 22 and 24 gauge 11.20c<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
pails; add to keg price J4c 26 gauge 11.30c<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.) Lead, Red, in Oil, less than 500 28 gauge 11.50c<br />
COPPER—<br />
lbs., 15c<br />
Galvanized—<br />
Lake ingot 21J_-22J_c Dry Colors—<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
Electrolytic 21-22c Red Venetian, American,<br />
Nos. 12 and 14 9.10-10.60<br />
Casting 20-21C<br />
Per 100 lbs., 2)_ to 5c No. 16 9.25-10.75<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
Nos. 18 and 20 9.40-10.90<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00 Nos. 22 and 24 9.25-11.05<br />
lb., 29!_c mill.<br />
Red, per ton 35.00 40.00 No. 26 9.70-11.20<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 lb. lots Oils-<br />
No. 27 9.85-11.35<br />
and over.<br />
Linseed, City Raw $1.56 to $1.66 No. 28 10.00-11.50<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per Ib. Linseed, Boiled, advance, per No. 30 10.S0-12.S0<br />
advance.<br />
gal 2c No. 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide,<br />
Colled Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier Out of Town American Seed<br />
20c higher<br />
per lb. advance over hot rolled. at $1.56 to $1.66 Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized—<br />
Polished— 48 in.<br />
Spirits Turpentine—<br />
2J_ in. corrugations, 30 per 100 lbs.<br />
long 48 in. In Machine Bbl $1.65 over flat sheets.<br />
and to PUTTY—<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Paintedless<br />
96.in. Pure tubs, 120 lbs., per lb 4.50c Prices quoted on application.<br />
sq. ft. sq. tt. In 1-lb to 5-lb. tins, 6.00 to 7.35c 2<br />
10 in. wide and under 6c 7c REGISTERS—<br />
10 in. to 36 in. wide... 5c 6c Cast Iron 10%<br />
Over 36 in. wide 8c 9c Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for<br />
Planished, lj_c per sq. ft. more White Japan or Electro plate and<br />
than Polished.<br />
Small Faces and Borders 20%<br />
Bottom, Pitts and Flats, 24 oz. Wall Frames 20%<br />
base and heavier, per lb 38c Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and<br />
Tinning— 96. in.<br />
larger 40%<br />
long<br />
Base Board Registers 20%<br />
and Over Base Board Intakes 20%<br />
less 96.in. White Enameled Goods 5%<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft. Solid Brass or Bronze Goods, ex<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c 6c cept Grilles Net<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c 7c Grilles in Black and White Japan<br />
Over 48 in. wide .... 7c 8c or Electroplate in Cast Iron Plain<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
Lattice, Design. Smaller than<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot, 25% 14 x 14 in.,<br />
Galvanized steel 40%<br />
Prices on application<br />
Copper 10% ROOFING MATERIAL—<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS—<br />
1-Ply Tarred Paper, per ton,<br />
Lap or Slip Joint, 10% above list.<br />
$102.00<br />
CHARCOAL STOVE PIPE<br />
per roll, 108 sq. ft.<br />
ELBOWS—<br />
2-Ply Tarred Paper $1.60<br />
Xo. 1 No. 2 No. 3 3-Ply Tarred Paper 2.00<br />
4 in $4.00 $3.90$ 2.75 Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
4*7i in 4.10 3.95 2.85<br />
Prices on application<br />
Roofing Pitch, per ton $30.00<br />
Open per lb ' 15c<br />
r Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
private brands very according to<br />
composition.<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES—<br />
Yaeger's Salts:<br />
1-lb. cans, each 60<br />
5-!b. cans, each $3.00<br />
A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
Gallon $1.25<br />
12-gal. Carboy 90c per gallon<br />
(Jug and carboy extra)<br />
Callahan's Non-Corrosive, per<br />
gal $1.75<br />
SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 50c<br />
In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
per Ib.<br />
In lots of less than 100 lbs., advance<br />
4c per Ib.<br />
STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR—<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
Copper $2.80 $3.75 $5.75 $9.00 dz.<br />
Galv 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 dz.<br />
TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
Straits, pigs per lb 52c<br />
Straits, in bars, per lb—57c to 62c<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
N. B.—The price of 14 x 20<br />
"AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
IC, 14 x 20 $16.50<br />
IX, 14 x 20 18.75<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 20.50<br />
IXXX, 14 x 20 22.25<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
"A" Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
IC, 14x20 $14.25<br />
IX, 14 x 20 16.25<br />
IXX. 14 x 20 18.00<br />
IXXX, 14 x 20 19.75<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 21.50<br />
Coke Plates, Bright-<br />
Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
_-in. Corrugation<br />
80-lb $11.80<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
90-lb 11.90<br />
No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
100-lb? 12.00<br />
No. 26, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IC 13.25<br />
No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IX 13.25<br />
SLATE ROOFING—<br />
IXX 14.25<br />
F. O. B. cars, Quarry Station. IXXX 15.25<br />
Per Square IXXXX 16.25<br />
According Terne Plate-<br />
Pennsylvania— to size Small lots, 8-lb. Coating:<br />
Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00 100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9.00 IC. 14 x 20 9.50<br />
Pen Argyl 7.75 to 8.25 IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50 IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75 squared:<br />
Vermont-<br />
12-lb. Coating $11.50<br />
No. 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50 15-lb. Coating 11.75<br />
STORM-PROOF<br />
Unfading Green 6.50 to 13.50 20-lb. Coating 12.25<br />
Red 22.00 30-lb. Coating 13.50<br />
Maine—<br />
35-lb. Coating 14.25<br />
Brownsville, Unfading Black,<br />
M. F. Grade 13.50<br />
No. 1 $14.00 40-lb Coating 15.00<br />
Slaters felt, 30-lb roll 2 00 WASTE COTTON—<br />
is the Ventilator with 40-lb. a roll constant 2.25 Per lb. in 5-lb. bags 22c<br />
SOLDER—<br />
ZINC SHEETS—<br />
J_ STRONG, to J_ guaranteed STEADY 37'_c Western PULL Slabs 10-llc<br />
No- 1 outward of impure 34'_c air, Sheets etc. No. 9 base casks W/2C<br />
ROYALS Refined VENTILATE FROM 30c THE GROUND UP<br />
quickly removing all foul air, gases, etc., supplying instead Pure,<br />
Fresh, Wholesome Air. Note the Scientific construction which<br />
insures maximum exhausting capacity.<br />
The ROYAL, is built for DURABILITY and HIGHEST efficiency.<br />
Made to any size, round or rectangular metal or glass<br />
top and with Fire Retarding Damper.<br />
Send for Catalogue explaining why ROYALS should be placed<br />
Patented<br />
on every building.<br />
THE ROYAL<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER ROYAL AND STEA.I VENTILATOR FITTER<br />
COMPANY<br />
420 LOCUST STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA.
<strong>Metal</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & St earn <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
FLORAL PARK, X. Y„ JULY 30, 19-0.<br />
The Magazine for<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
m m<br />
Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
VOLUME 94, Xo.<br />
Art Work For Craftsman's Spare Hours<br />
FIG. _. SHOWING. METHOD OF<br />
FILLING UPPER TANK<br />
FIG. 5. DOOR IN BASE FOR<br />
EMPTYING LOWER TANK<br />
Sheet Bronze Aquarium and Stand With Fountain Operated By Two Tanks<br />
By IV. H. Gruening<br />
A N aquarium very much different from any found<br />
on the market is shown by the accompanying<br />
pictures and drawing. Although the principle<br />
of operating a fountain by producing an air pressure<br />
in two tanks through a column of water is well known,<br />
especially abroad, the application of same to an<br />
aquarium as introduced here and as will be explained<br />
in this article, as well as the design and construction<br />
of aquarium and stand, is entirely new.<br />
A fountain in connection with an aquarium, particularly<br />
if operated independent of any outside source,<br />
adds to the natural beauty of aquaria life and makes<br />
a novelty of this kind more interesting. Stone grottos<br />
and running water have always been considered<br />
desirable additions.<br />
The outstanding features here are the two tanks<br />
concealed in a part of its makeup and the height of<br />
lhe colunin of water also arranged inconspicuously<br />
by which is created a fountain spray which reaches<br />
a height of 18 in. at first and lasts about 5 hr.<br />
The unusual height of the column of water, as will<br />
be seen by inspection of the section in the drawing,<br />
Fig. 1, was made possible by placing the fountain<br />
reservoir in the shape of a hammered flower design<br />
above the aquarium proper. Fig. 2 shows that this<br />
reservoir may be used as a fern holder when the<br />
fountain is not operated by nesting a zinc lining of<br />
a similar shape into same.<br />
In planning work of this character the sheet metal<br />
mechanic will find the principal difficulty in keeping<br />
tlie design well balanced, viz.. not to have it top or<br />
bottom heavy. It is not an uncommon thing for a<br />
designer to have one or another part out of proportion,<br />
as drawings .are often very deceiving. This as<br />
sertion will be found correct when the drawing and<br />
the pictures are compared with one another.<br />
Certain parts and members in the photograph, it<br />
will be observed, appear more graceful than they do<br />
in the drawing. The difficulty will be greatly minimized<br />
if the projection of the various parts and their<br />
relative position to the eye of the observer are borne<br />
in mind when designing such work.<br />
Before a word is said about the construction and
136 M E T A L \Y ORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
the working principles of the fountain, it should be<br />
mentioned that the work was carried out by a number<br />
of advanced students of the Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Department<br />
of the Baron de Hirsch Trade School, New York<br />
Citv. The finishing was also down by the boys.<br />
The stand was painted white and when finished<br />
with marble dust it resembled stone. The rich color<br />
of the polished bronze aquarium added very much<br />
to the effect.<br />
Besides the experience gained by this work, as a<br />
novelty feature in the exhibition of tlie students' work,<br />
properly displayed witli plant and fish life and illuminated<br />
by well-placed electric lights of subdued<br />
color, it served to draw the crowd—the crowd which<br />
prefers the flash of an electric sign in the Flectrical<br />
Department and the machine in the Auto Mechanic<br />
Shop to the blowpipe or any other kind of a system<br />
in the Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Department.<br />
The working principles of the fountain will readily<br />
be understood by the reader if he will look over the<br />
drawing first and study the layout of tanks and piping.<br />
It will be noticed tbat the aquarium<br />
tank proper is not connected with<br />
the tanks but that all the piping is<br />
carried tlirougli a 1-in. diameter tinned<br />
brass tube whicli i.s soldered water-tight<br />
to the tinned copper bottom and reinforced<br />
by a conical boss made of the<br />
same metal. Anotlier tube, 1 in. diameter,<br />
was soldered into the upper tank<br />
in the stand to permit the passing<br />
through of the %-in. brass tube whieli<br />
is connected water-tight to the bottom<br />
of the ornamental fountain reservoir by<br />
means of leather washers. This tube,<br />
which extends down to within X's in.<br />
from the bottom of the lower tank, having<br />
been soldered air-tight at the point<br />
where it enters the tank, furnishes tiie<br />
water column upon the height of which<br />
depends the height of the fountain<br />
spray.<br />
It is known that it is not the diameter<br />
but the height which creates the<br />
pressure, which is 1 lb. per square inch<br />
when the column of water is a little over<br />
27 in. high. In otlier words, a column<br />
27 in. high will create a pressure sufficient<br />
to raise 1 lb. 1 in. per square inch.<br />
The higlier the colunin, the greater the<br />
pressure, and it is this pressure which<br />
compresses the air locked in, therebyforcing<br />
out thc waler out of the upper<br />
tank by way of a tube leading from<br />
within y8 in. from the bottom of that<br />
tank to the nozzle, whieh has a very<br />
fine hole. A close study of the drawing-<br />
Mill explain the rest, or rather enable<br />
the reader to solve the problem and understand<br />
the means to the end.<br />
In order to operate fountain the upper<br />
tank in thc stand is filled and closed<br />
tight by means of a screw cap, n_ sliowi<br />
at the right in the section. Then the<br />
reservoir and tube is filled, which will<br />
start the fountain at once. The sj^ray of the fountain<br />
keeps the reservoir filled and as the lower tank<br />
gradually fills the upper tank is being emptied. After<br />
5 hr. it is necessary to draw off the water and refill<br />
the upper tank.<br />
It might be well to state that the water which falls<br />
over the edge and drips from the edge of the reservoir<br />
is well aerated which is so vital to the growth of the<br />
inmates and replenishes the amount of water which<br />
evaporates.<br />
The stand was made of various gages of galvanized<br />
iron as strength and rigidity is an important factor on<br />
account of the weight of water in the tanks. For the<br />
base for instance and all the flat parts of the shaft<br />
No. 22 iron was used also for the table part while<br />
lighter material answered for all the non-supporting<br />
parts. The aquarium proper was made of No. 24 and<br />
No. 22 soft bronze.<br />
For the bezel on the inside of the cap molding No.<br />
9 zinc was used, which was finished in white enamel.<br />
The fountain reservoir was hammered up from a 14<br />
•SHEET BRONZE AQUARIUM AND STAND<br />
;WITH FOUNTAIN OPERATED BY TTO^TANKS".<br />
FIG. 1. DETAILS FOR CONSTRUCTING FOUNTAIN AQUARIUS AND STAND
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
FIG. 2. SHOWING<br />
AQUARIUM AND STAND,<br />
FERNS PLANTED IN A<br />
ZINC LINING ARE<br />
PLACED IN RESERVIOR<br />
WHEN FOUNTAIN Is<br />
XOT OPERATED.<br />
inch diameter 24 oz. soft copper bottom and was<br />
nickel plated. For the inside tanks 18 oz. cold rolled<br />
copper was used.<br />
The Woodworking Department was called upon to<br />
furnish the wooden bottom for the aquarium which<br />
was cross veneered, and made in two parts. Cross<br />
cleats held them in position. The wooden bottom for<br />
the stand is shown in Fig. 3. Both bottoms were<br />
painted to keep from warping.<br />
Noteworthy features in the construction are the<br />
manner of fastening the base and cap molding to the<br />
corner-posts by means of brass screws. The nuts<br />
were soldered in the ends of the posts which eliminated<br />
the soldering and scraping to a considerable extent.<br />
The gored soffit of the stand is reinforced and<br />
kept level by a set of band iron braces whieh are<br />
FIG. 6, AT LEFT. SHOWING DOOR IN BACK<br />
PAKEL<br />
FIG. 7, IN CENTER. SHOWING FOUNTAIN IN<br />
OPERATION-<br />
FIG. 8, AT RIGHT. SHOWING FERN IN PLACE<br />
OF FOUNTAIN<br />
fastened to a centre ring and to the top edge of the<br />
shaft by means of machine screws and thus also furnish<br />
the support for the aquarium.<br />
It should also be noted that the construction permits<br />
the removal of the table as well as the base part of<br />
the stand so that the tanks may be taken out if it<br />
ever becomes necessary.<br />
The height of the stand is 36 inch not including<br />
the rollers and the width is 29 inch diameter measuring<br />
the extreme width of the cirular molding. Thc<br />
aquarium is I6V2 '»• across the flats between the<br />
glass and lOlA in. from bottom of base to top of cap.<br />
The capacity of the tanks is 2.5 gal.<br />
In explanation of Fig. -1, attention is called to the<br />
arrangement of the faucet in the square tank facilitating<br />
the filling of the upper tank. The capacity<br />
of the tanks is equal. A flat tank low enough to be<br />
placed under the stand for emptying the lower tank<br />
may be seen in Fig. 5. The space in the shaft was<br />
made available for the storing of utensils such as are<br />
used in connection with the maintenance of an aquarium<br />
by changing one panel into a door as shown by<br />
big. 6. In Fig. 7 and 8 two other views are presented<br />
with fountain in operation and the other when<br />
flower is used as a fern holder respectively.<br />
As a summary exposition of Drawing in many of<br />
its branches Shop Mathematics as applied to the<br />
figuring of circumferences, capacities of tanks and<br />
weights, etc., and Practical Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Work, this<br />
novelty aquarium stands alone.<br />
With reference to drawing the student mav be afforded<br />
an opportunity to test his knowledge and abilitv<br />
in sketching freehand, mechnical, geometrical and<br />
architectural drawing, priniples of projection, intersections<br />
and developments which all together sum up<br />
in the efficiency of pattern drafting.<br />
For an example in applied mathematics the student<br />
may give himself the following problems to solve:<br />
Figure the contents in gallons of a square tank 12<br />
x 12x1 in., as shown in Fig. 4. What should be tbe<br />
height of a cylindrical tank of the same capacity, the<br />
diameter of which is 12 in. What is the weight of<br />
thc water in an hexagonal tank which measures 16 x /2<br />
inch high and soforth.<br />
As to the practical work, such exercises may be<br />
mentioned as the forming and double seaming round<br />
tanks, cutting out forming up and assembling panels,<br />
brackets ornaments, plant pots etc., using raising<br />
hammer and lead block for circular molding. The<br />
working in the different metals should also be men-
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
tioned. The practice afforded on the various machines<br />
and bench tools as well as the extensive use<br />
of hand tools among which may not only be found<br />
lianimer and snips but also hand drill tap wrench<br />
hand champs and trammels, etc., add considerably to<br />
the satisfaction of doing work of this class.<br />
Considering the variety of practical jobs that must<br />
be dene to complete the whole and the training they<br />
afford, it certainly is astonishing to find comparatively<br />
few who grasp the opportunities which were<br />
FIG. 3. SHOWING WOODEN BOTTOM FOR BASE OF STAND<br />
never offered to older mechanics, having the many<br />
evening schools with their splendid equipment in<br />
mind. How much greater is the advantage of the<br />
city boy over his cousin of the countrv.<br />
Outside tlie fact that undertakings in the direction<br />
as exemplified here in this article may bring fourth<br />
new ideas, such work has no commercial value and<br />
hence does not interfere with outside economic conditions.<br />
It is tlierefore by far more profitable than<br />
the production work as is practiced in some of the<br />
industrial schools in the country.<br />
Annual Vacations for <strong>Worker</strong>s<br />
Commended<br />
The wage earner in the works is made of the same<br />
stuff as thc salaried employee in the office. Office employees<br />
everywhere are now granted annual vacations<br />
with pav. But how many concerns arrange annual<br />
vacations for their wage earners, with or without pay?<br />
Labor has been demanding so many liberties and privileges<br />
during the last two or three years that a great<br />
manv people have lost patience with the union leaders<br />
who have been the champions of such demands. The<br />
feeling is now widspread that hours of work have been<br />
cut down too much and that strongly <strong>org</strong>anized bodies<br />
of workmen are giving less than they get.<br />
Admitting that there is room for complaint on this<br />
score, nevertheless this question of annual vacations<br />
1' :r wage earners is one which ought to be taken up<br />
;\:\d maturely considered. Human nature being a.s it<br />
i ,. not many of those who perform more or less monotonous<br />
tasks day-in, day-out. and year-in, year-out<br />
i an go on doing good work without a respite. The<br />
effect of being compelled to toil on every week and<br />
every year is bad. In time those condemned to such<br />
a grind feel dissatisfied, discontented, irritable, ready<br />
to listen to radical, not to say revolutionary, suggestions<br />
for overturning the whole scheme of things. Vacations<br />
are desirable also in the interest of home life<br />
—particularly now that we have prohibition.<br />
The advisability of instituting annual vacations for<br />
wage earners is not to be considered from purely the<br />
sentimental point of view. It is less a question of<br />
philanthropy than of good business and sound public<br />
policy. Of course, we all know that many alien workmen<br />
want to work long hours every day without a<br />
breathing spell. But the running of the industry in<br />
this country should not be lowered to the level of these<br />
transients who come here only with the thought of<br />
making money quickly .and returning home. The plane<br />
on whieh industry is conducted has so much to do with<br />
the plane of life .and living in America that the constant<br />
aim must be not to lower it but raise it.—Forbes<br />
Magazine ( N. Y.)<br />
Recipes From an Old Scrap Book
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 139<br />
Radically Different Treatment of Existing Fuel,<br />
Heating Surface and Air Travel Principles Needed<br />
The Warm Air Furnace of the Future<br />
It Will Be a Much Changed Article<br />
By R. W. Menk*<br />
T O speak of the future without at least some reference<br />
to the past would be to ignore all that<br />
has paved the way to our present state of civilization.<br />
In early days manufacturers were not interested in<br />
the subject of economy; things were too new; industrial<br />
development was too rapid; competition was not<br />
intense. Resources seemed inexhaustible—we stupidly<br />
blundered on while all around us waste of every<br />
description held royal carnival. The soil was half<br />
cultivated and less than half cared for. Our great<br />
forests of splendid pine were ruthlessly destroyed.<br />
The sky was red with flaming gas wells in Indiana<br />
and Ohio.<br />
No one seemed to think that our rich soil would<br />
ever become impoverished—that the time might arrive<br />
when we could not live in wooden houses because<br />
there would be no suitable wood with which to build<br />
them, and that our great stores of natural gas would<br />
ever become exhausted. We went blindly forward<br />
from year to year wasting enough to feed and clothe<br />
one-half of Europe. The time has come to pay the<br />
piper and it is a mighty long bill.<br />
This refers to the general trend of the present<br />
efficiency movement because of its compelling importance<br />
and in order that what is to follow may gain<br />
some emphasis.<br />
The past has done its part; the work and the effort<br />
has all been necessary. Each generation has<br />
contributed its part to the development of our existence<br />
and this is also true of the warm-air furnace.<br />
The increase in the efficiencv of the house heating<br />
in the last 25 years has not kept pace with many<br />
other lines. We have added a few features here and<br />
there, but not very radical changes have been introduced.<br />
This is not so in the power world. There<br />
are systems today wherein you may take a power<br />
boiler of standard construction and can develop 200<br />
or 300 per cent above its normal rating.<br />
A veteran furnace manufacturer stated some ,time<br />
ago that there had been a woeful lack of progress<br />
exhibited by furnace manufacturers during the past<br />
40 years. A reason for this may be<br />
Performance found in the ease with which it has<br />
Guarantee a been possible to market year after year<br />
Future De- the same type of heater with which<br />
mand the trade has been familiar for decades<br />
and which has rendered in most cases<br />
satisfaction to the user simply because of his lack<br />
of knowledge of what a heater should do. What was<br />
satisfactory a few years ago in the matter of fuel con-<br />
* Paper presented at meeting of Western Warm Air<br />
Manufacturers and Supply Association, Peoria.<br />
t Manager, .Furnace Dept. Excelsior Steel Furnace<br />
Co., Chicago.<br />
sumption will no longer fill the bill. With the cost<br />
of living mounting constantly the time is at hand when<br />
the house owner will demand of the dealer a guaranty<br />
of the number of tons of coal to be burned by the<br />
apparatus which he proposes to install and the dealer<br />
will demand of the maker a bond covering the<br />
performance of the heater which the dealer is handling.<br />
This will bring about a decided change in the manner<br />
of conducting the warm air furnace business as<br />
well as to cause greater attention to building construction.<br />
It will cause the manufacturer to study<br />
construction and the laws of heating. It will no longer<br />
be possible for the maufacturer to melt a given<br />
quantity of pig iron into the furnaces and sell them at<br />
so many cents per pound without reference to the<br />
distribution of the metal or the results to be obtained<br />
therefrom. He will have to get down to brass tacks<br />
and know just what his apparatus will do and stand<br />
back erf it. He cannot take the formulas of others<br />
which may have been worked out by theorists who<br />
have made money from the foundry end of the business<br />
and who have had no practical experience in the<br />
installation of furnaces or whose experience with the<br />
same has been confined to a small section of the<br />
country.<br />
It has been the custom on the part of furnace<br />
manufacturers to market their product through the<br />
dealer using salesmen in locating agencies. In but<br />
few instances are these salesmen practical furnacemen.<br />
In many cases they are stove salesmen, whose<br />
employers have added a furnace to their line, and<br />
agencies are established on account of the reputation<br />
of the stove end of the business. Very naturally the<br />
results have not been satisfactory to dealer or user<br />
in a majority of installations and the furnace industry<br />
has suffered in consequence.<br />
Many furnaces in the past have fairly good results<br />
and previous to the recent large advances in the price<br />
of fuel the difference of a ton or two of coal did not<br />
materially affect the average consumer provided he<br />
kept his house warm. But with the present high fuel<br />
prices greater attention must be given towards conservation.<br />
The most imperative improvement is in the installation<br />
end and the quicker we can obtain action the<br />
better. Ask any owner of a warm-air furnace, particularly<br />
a woman, what is the chief ob-<br />
Installation jection to the same and the answer will<br />
Must Be be the dirt and smoke. What will be<br />
More the next objection? That certain rooms<br />
Intelligent cannot be heated satisfactorily on<br />
windy days and that the drafts on the<br />
floors are too cold. Another objection and a serious<br />
one too, is that the air is too dry. Does that not
140 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
about cover every kick? And isn't it about time that<br />
these conditions were corrected?<br />
In alluding to installations of this character, do<br />
not get the impression that tliere are no good installations.<br />
There are thousands of them and I believe the<br />
average installer does better work to-day than ever<br />
before. But I do think the manufacturer or jobber<br />
is greatly in error who sells his furnace to any one,<br />
regardless of his ability and ideas are still so varied<br />
that with all that has been said and done we are still<br />
very far apart.<br />
So much for the past but what of the future ?<br />
Greater progress will positively have to be made. This<br />
is true of all methods of lieating. The day of cheap<br />
fuel is past and a day is dawning when<br />
Positive Pro- we will not only be more careful how<br />
gress Essen- and into what we throw our black diatial<br />
monds but the day is near when the<br />
cheap or carelessly installed furnace<br />
will go to the discard. A day will come when you<br />
cannot afford to supply a pound more iron or steel<br />
than is needed to secure efficient results. With pig<br />
iron selling at the $50 mark, it is a crime against conservation<br />
to be wasteful of that article.<br />
There are lieating engineers who are constantly<br />
studying the problem of obtaining better and better<br />
results in the burning of the cheaper grades of fuel<br />
and the number of these engineers engaged in this<br />
task should be trebled. The laws of heating are such<br />
that if failure results in any installation, the violation<br />
of correct lieating principles should be easily determined<br />
and corrected.<br />
With hard coal selling at $15 per ton in cities like<br />
Chicago and with bituminous coal commanding a<br />
price more than double that of the past, the heating<br />
engineer is brought face to face with the problem of<br />
designing heating apparatus which will reduce materially<br />
the consumption of fuel and in addition secure<br />
the installation of heaters in such manner as to deliver<br />
the largest possible proportion of heat units generated<br />
by the fuel to the rooms to be heated.<br />
In designing the future furnace there are many<br />
fudamental considerations: First, the kinds of fuel<br />
and their various combustive abilities; second, the<br />
ratio between grate and heating sur-<br />
Items Govern- faces; third, the heating surfaces—<br />
ing Design their thickness, shape, design and location,<br />
and lastly the travel of the air<br />
between the casings and the furnace itself. We have<br />
long realized the necessity of better combustion of<br />
fuels—What will be developed in the furture is at<br />
this time pretty much a problem. The possibilities<br />
are so great that the more we study the question the<br />
more we realize the crudness of our methods. The<br />
combustion of each kind of fuel is a problem in itself<br />
and to design a heating apparatus for each is perhaps<br />
out of the question at this time.<br />
Perhaps it will interest you to know at this time<br />
that there is a new svstem known as "surface combustion<br />
and flameless heat." This new process is applicable<br />
to all kinds of gaseous or vaporized fuels. The<br />
temperatures attained are not only very much higher<br />
but the fuel consumed is onh' about one half that required<br />
in similar furnaces fired in the ordinary<br />
way by flame contact. It is our judgment, however,<br />
that it will require many years before this<br />
new system will come into common practice.<br />
The process of combustion in the ordinary heating<br />
furnace to-day does not meet the conditions required<br />
The ordinary round pot cannot develop the maximum<br />
of combustion. Consider for a moment that a fire is<br />
started with a clear grate and that every condition as<br />
to draft, air supply and depth of fuel bed is ideal.<br />
This condition cannot last long for the burning of a<br />
few pounds of coal will immediately change the air<br />
supply or the sudden raising of the velocity of the<br />
wind will upset the combustion.<br />
The line between poor and perfect combustion is<br />
very thin and one has only to consider what happens<br />
to a gas lighting mantle when the pressure of the gas<br />
supply is changed. If the pressure rises, excess air<br />
is supplied causing a reduction in light. If the pressure<br />
falls, the lack of air causes the gases to condense<br />
and consequently, the mantle becomes coated with soot<br />
or carbon and this same condition exists when burning<br />
coal.<br />
We, of course, realize the necessity of excess air<br />
above the fuel bed when burning soft coal, especially,<br />
but this excess of air is a detriment after a certain<br />
stage in the fuel bed has been reached. Many fuels<br />
swell during the coking process, frequently wedging<br />
themselves so firmly against the sides of the pot as<br />
to almost entirely stop all possibility of the air passing<br />
through the bed of fuel.<br />
The foregoing should be sufficient evidence to warrant<br />
greater attention to combustion and that the<br />
kinds of fuel that will be consumed have a logical<br />
bearing on the entire design of the furnace.<br />
Knowing, therefore, what will happen in the ordinary<br />
fire pot, a radical change in design will be necessary.<br />
Slotted pots are very much of. a question<br />
for they eitlier deliver an excess of air or<br />
Fire Pot the slots become closed, making same no<br />
Change better than an ordinary straight side pot<br />
Needed and what is true of the pot is also true of<br />
the grate. My experience has demonstrated<br />
that no air should pass through the center of the fuel<br />
bed and that combustion should take place at outer<br />
edges of the pot as the gases driven off when air passes<br />
through the center are too rich in carbon for proper<br />
combustion.<br />
With such conditions existing in the fire pot, it is<br />
in my judgement essential to give it further consideration.<br />
Let us assume that 1 in. is the proper thickness<br />
for durability and efficiency. Then, every added<br />
amount of iron will produce latent heat which for<br />
illustration will be the same as the latent heat in a<br />
quantity of water below the boiling point in a steam<br />
boiler or to give another illustration, the amount of<br />
aditional heat required to bring a wash boiler full of<br />
water to a steam point as against the required heat to<br />
bring the water to a steam point in a tea-kettle.<br />
Therefore, if you add wings and flanges suflicient<br />
to equal in weight a fire pot 2 in. thick, you increase in<br />
proportion the latent heat which lowers the temperature<br />
of the pot and naturally reduces the velocity of<br />
the air. However, if you extend flues on the sides of<br />
the heater of a tubular type, up to a certain<br />
temperature wherein the rays of heat are not<br />
excessively strong the air within the casing will increase<br />
in temperature and naturally in velocitv and<br />
in this case heavy castings prove satisfactory.
JULY 30. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER III<br />
but from the point of economy in construction<br />
as well as efficiency, if the fire pot was<br />
54 in. thick and a sufficient number of wingers were<br />
added to bring same up to the standard pot of 1 in.<br />
thick. We believe this construction most efficient as<br />
well as economical as the same will serve as a safety<br />
valve or governor to the pot. This same system will<br />
also apply to all radiating surfaces coming in direct<br />
contact with the fire.<br />
The proportion of radiating surface to grate surface<br />
is one of vital importance. After careful consideration<br />
of tests in the past we have concluded that approximately<br />
65 to 70 per cent of the<br />
Grate and heating surfaces should be direct heat-<br />
Badiating ing surfaces and 30 to 35 per cent flue<br />
Surface surface. But we still know compara-<br />
Proportion. tively little about the amount of heat<br />
transmitted. Some engineers have assumed<br />
a heat transmission of 1800 B. t. u's. per square<br />
foot of direct radiating surface per hour under full<br />
load. Therefore, the ratio of grate surface to heating<br />
surface is still a question for there is another<br />
factor that has not been given consideration, namely,<br />
the shape or design of the direct heating surfaces.<br />
Heat rays and their effects have had very little<br />
consideration in the past and as you know that heat<br />
rays travel at right angles to the casting, can you<br />
imagine what happens when the shape of the heating<br />
surface is such as to have the heat rays cross one<br />
another? Is there not a possibility of compounding<br />
the heat energy thereby ?<br />
A professor in one of our universities made the<br />
statement recently that he believed that the heat radiated<br />
from the casings was the only reason that many<br />
furnaces gave any results at all. The ordinary top<br />
radiator ljas shown itself somewhat of a question in<br />
past tests and from what we can determine, if it were<br />
not for the heat rays from the combustion dome being<br />
thrown upon the radiator, it is questionable if the<br />
surface of the radiator is worth the cost of the iron<br />
as we all know that the bottom of the radiator as well<br />
as the sides becomes covered with soot and ashes to<br />
such extent as to insulate iron to a marked degree.<br />
In order that you may judge these statements, take<br />
off the upper section of the radiator of any furnace<br />
of such type leaving lower section covered with soot<br />
and ashes, project a pipe 4 to 6 in. into the dome and<br />
attach smoke pipe to it; recase the furnace, fire it, and<br />
I am sure you will have a surprise coming.<br />
Casing areas are also a big factor. One feature<br />
that often helps out a heating plant, i.e., when the<br />
resistance of the plant is high, then the air passes<br />
through very slowly and enters the rooms at a high<br />
temperature. On the other hand if the resistance is<br />
low, the air passes through easily not receiving as<br />
much heat and therefore, entering the rooms at a<br />
very low temperature.<br />
It would be no trouble to keep you here for another<br />
hour for there are still many other features that re<br />
Give him a free hand in his work and, while he should<br />
not look for large immediate results, I am sure the returns<br />
therefrom will be well worth the cost.<br />
The University of Illinois at Urbana, under the<br />
able leadership of Professor A. C, Williard and in<br />
co-operation with the National Warm Air Heating<br />
and Ventilating Association, has been carrying on a<br />
series of tests of warm air furnaces. The work it has<br />
done and the discoveries that have been made are in<br />
many instances startling and the data that will result<br />
from these tests will have much to do with the standardization<br />
of the warm air furnace of the future.<br />
Tliere is a standing invitation to everyone to visit<br />
the laboratory and those who do not avail themselves<br />
of the privilege are loosing much. The inspiration<br />
one gets is well worth the trip.<br />
Let's quit condemning, quit throwing stones, fight<br />
for better installations, go to praising and adopt the<br />
slogan—<br />
"Heat with Vaporized Warm Air."<br />
Can Lighter Air Displace the Heavier?<br />
The writer has been studying the pipeless furnace<br />
question for several years and has made a number of<br />
installations' all of them successful. He has had<br />
occasion to read a number of pieces of literature<br />
issued by various manufacturers, including some of the<br />
most prominent making this device, and he has yet to<br />
find one that did not state in words to the same effect<br />
that, "the heated air penetrates to even the most remote<br />
corners of the house, displacing the cooled air<br />
and forcing it downward until it is drawn into the<br />
furnace."<br />
This is an exact quotation from one manufacturers<br />
advertising matter, having been used in four different<br />
booklets printed for him.<br />
I asked a representative of the house making the<br />
furnace I am now installing why his company persisted<br />
in printing such nonsense, knowing it was absurd.<br />
He explained it by saying that everybody<br />
thought that was the way it worked, and it was not up<br />
to his house to educate them up to the real facts with<br />
the possibility of confusing them.<br />
This I believe is a mistaken attitude. Surely there<br />
are those among his prospective customers who realize<br />
that warm air cannot shove cold air downward, that in<br />
reality it is the cold air that displaces the warm, and<br />
shoves it up. The reason the cold air descends is the<br />
same as that which caused the apple to drop on<br />
Newtons head, thus inducing the discovery of that law<br />
of gravity which our friends the manufacturers so<br />
blithely disregard in their advertising because "everybody<br />
thinks it doesn't apply to warm air."<br />
It is my opinion that the basic principles of warmair<br />
heating are very simple and that manufacturers,<br />
installers, salesmen and others who attempt to make<br />
a mystery of it are working an injury to themselves<br />
quire much thought, such as humidity, automatic regu and to their profession.<br />
lation, ratings, air circulation, fan systems, forced Certainly the pipeless furnace is a simple proposi<br />
draft and installations in general.<br />
tion, yet those covering the most intricate mechanical<br />
I am sure you will agree with me that the furnace system, and is difficult to make work satisfactory if<br />
of the future will be a much changed article. There complaints are made. I prefer the type with separate<br />
«»e, allow me to recommend to the furnace cold air intakes outside of the casing, as I can then<br />
manufacturer that he engage a competent engineer. take off a heat run to a poorly heated room if I wish.
142 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
Warm Weather Plumbing Practice<br />
Interesting Installation of Sanitary Equipment in Warm Climate of Florida<br />
PLUMBING practice in the arrangement and connection<br />
of waste and vent pipes differs in the<br />
various States and a typical job in Florida would<br />
be impracticable in Maine. Outside piping is used<br />
very often in Florida cities where the weather is never<br />
•—well, hardly ever—a menace to its continuance in<br />
good condition, and C. O. Langston, inspector of<br />
plumbing of Duval County, Jacksonville, Fla., sends<br />
an example of work done in his locality.<br />
The accompanying elevation shows the north side<br />
of a two-story frame residence, which was built before<br />
sewer connections were available with the water and<br />
soil pipes exposed to the weather as would be the<br />
cause of certain trouble in the North. The projecting<br />
room shown in the reproduced photograph provides a<br />
spacious, well-ventilated and lighted bathroom, for<br />
it has three windows. The three fixtures, a watercloset,<br />
lavatory and bathtub, are properlv connected<br />
to the main stack, fitting for toilet first, then the tub<br />
and above the quarter bend a four by two tee for the<br />
lavatory.<br />
The lead trap for the tub can be seen just under<br />
the ceiling exposed as well as the hot and cold water<br />
pipes. At the bottom a combination fitting and clean-<br />
ELEVATIOX SHOWING PLUMBING OUTFIT<br />
out are placed close to the sill and easily opened in<br />
case of stoppage. The pipe is thus kept up owing to<br />
the lack of fall to the only available sewer a block<br />
distant, into which four others similar to this liouse<br />
connect. This layout is typical of many jobs that are<br />
installed in Florida, and would perhaps be a curiosity<br />
in cold States because of the freezing danger.<br />
About every 15 or 16 years these places get a good<br />
freeze-up, specially if the water is not turned off as<br />
stop and waste are provided, but used so seldom that<br />
people do not know how, or rather f<strong>org</strong>et, to turn off<br />
the water, and a freeze-up is the result.<br />
Where houses are out of the sewer district, a septic<br />
tank is used, and the elevation diagram presented<br />
shows ^a bungalow with this system of waste disposal.<br />
The outlet from the tank is through a terra cotta<br />
REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING BATHROOM PIPING<br />
IN FLORIDA<br />
drain laid with open joints, which enable the effluent<br />
to soak away in the sandy soil. Attention is particularly<br />
called to the arrangement of the stop and waste<br />
cock, as shown at the right side of the illustration,<br />
which is generally used in the northern part of Florida.<br />
It will be noted that after passing the stop the
j, ,.v 30. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 143<br />
service has a branch to a sill cock and a tee continues<br />
the main service pipe to the other fixtures in the house.<br />
This has been found the most desirable method of<br />
niacin"- this important cut-off. There is no box to<br />
rot away or to become broken as in the case of terra<br />
cotta. Neither will there be a chance of its location<br />
being lost, as occurs in many instances by the rain<br />
and sand causing it to become leveled with the yard,<br />
beino' only 2 or 3 inches above the ground. On a dark<br />
and cold night one can quickly cut off the water<br />
without getting a fire shovel and a crowbar, which<br />
many people use in a crisis. These particular cutoffs<br />
are not often needed here, being out of the ground<br />
thev rarely freeze, give satisfaction and can be seen<br />
at all times.<br />
The plumbing law in Duval County requires that<br />
in every residence a toilet and sink must be installed.<br />
These are the safety-first sanitary methods. When<br />
plumbing is installed, it must be done right and efforts<br />
are now being made to have every plumbing job<br />
installed correctly. To this end it is likely that at<br />
the next session of the State Legislature a law will<br />
be passed covering every home in Florida.<br />
Frost-proofing the Water Supply<br />
By W. B. G.<br />
A N unique piece of frost-proofing put in last year<br />
has proved its worthiness by standing much<br />
weather far below zero last winter during which<br />
time the water was never turned off for any purpose.<br />
l'UUS'l-1 ROOFING THE WATER SUPPLY<br />
The pipe rises to the kitchen from the ground<br />
through space more or less open to the outer air, and<br />
even more likely to freeze the pipe than many neigh<br />
borhood jobs that did freeze, whatever their protection<br />
of the usual type.<br />
In the junk at the shop was a broken length of<br />
flanged pipe that had belonged to a frost-proof hopper<br />
outfit. This was cut off to reach from some<br />
inches in the ground to the bottom of the floor, as<br />
shown by the accompanying sketch.<br />
A board was placed on two trestles and the vertical<br />
piece of supply stuck through a hole so as to project<br />
up the distance needed to reach above the floor. Halfinch<br />
felt was then wrapped on to the length the flange<br />
pipe would cover it.<br />
The flanged pipe was set over the supply concentric<br />
with it and the space between the felt and pipe<br />
filled with asphalt. When the asphalt had solidified<br />
the whole business was handled as one chunk. An<br />
ell was put on the bottom end and the supply caught<br />
from the outside through a drill hole under the<br />
foundation.<br />
The frost-proofing was made a feature of this job,<br />
and while it was more work and more costly than the<br />
usual slipshod way in which work is too often done,<br />
there is no danger of the covering slipping down and<br />
exposing the pipe at the top, as one often finds the<br />
case when repairing.<br />
Better Production in Prospect<br />
The efficiency of labor is increasing, according to<br />
reports from 49 manufacturers operating in 40 different<br />
lines of industry in New York City. This testimony<br />
is submitted to the Industrial Bureau of the<br />
Merchants' Association by the same manufacturers<br />
who reported in September, 1919, that in general labor<br />
was not more than 70 per cent, efficient, judged by<br />
normal standards.<br />
The following statements are made by manufacturers<br />
in the jewelry, automobile accessories and candy<br />
business:<br />
The fact that there has been a slight increase in the productivity<br />
of labor i.s in no sense, in our opinion, due to the<br />
conscience-stricken feeling that may have pervaded labor,<br />
but rather to the prevalent dullness through which all industries<br />
are now passing. This condition has finally been<br />
driven home to labor, which realizes that its intolerant attitude<br />
will no longer prevail. The reason to which we attribute<br />
the slight increase in production is because of the<br />
fact that we have changed from week work to piece work<br />
in several of our departments, and from a manufacturing<br />
point of view week work encourages soldiering, while piece<br />
work prevents it.<br />
Piece Work System<br />
From reports of members to Merchants' Association<br />
of New York these extracts are taken:<br />
"In all departments that we have inaugurated the<br />
piece work system the output is entirely satisfactory<br />
but the output on time labor is fully 30 per cent, below<br />
normal."<br />
"In so far as our skilled piece work labor is concerned,<br />
we are pleased to report that normal efficiency<br />
now prevails. . . . We find that indifference exists<br />
among the ordinary time Yvorkers, who, while they<br />
are receiving what we believe is good pay in our plant<br />
and perhaps better than paid in some others, are,<br />
nevertheless, inclined to be indolent."
144 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30. 1920<br />
Short Horn Outlets Make Permanent Sanitary Connection<br />
and Permits Big Saving in Manufacturing Expense<br />
Connecting Closets to Drains<br />
By Overheard<br />
AY I have the floor to make a few observations?<br />
I am constrained to put the question in that<br />
way by the difficulties which some of the members<br />
had in securing the floor to speak at the recent<br />
convention of the National Association of Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s.<br />
I was quite impressed with the way the report of<br />
the Standardization Bureau was received. Unfortunately,<br />
the real important part of the report was not<br />
reached until the hearers had been worried with a long<br />
list of names that should not have been read, nor did<br />
the" get to the final discussion of the report in letters<br />
from men who had had time to consider and comment<br />
upon it.<br />
That is always one of the disadvantages of a gathering<br />
which must give consideration to a matter when<br />
the members have neither multigraphed nor printed<br />
copies in their hands to follow the reader as the<br />
niatter is presented. This lack of information and<br />
opportunity to digest the recommendations may have<br />
been accountable for the somewhat reactionary and<br />
Bourbonistic spirit shown.<br />
The suspicion that seemed manifest was that the<br />
Bureau was trying to secure support to which it was<br />
not entitled; that it was doing things for the manufacturer<br />
instead of for the whole trade. That idea is<br />
wholly erroneous. And, when some of the speakers<br />
expressed the opinion that it would be accomplished<br />
with or without the aid of those who seemed to obstruct<br />
favorable action on the report it was unfortunate.<br />
But it was referred to the officers, subject to<br />
their powers and there is destined to better consideration.<br />
I am more interested in the views expressed on the<br />
short horn water-closet outlet that the manufacturers<br />
have started in to make. It will force a better floor<br />
connection than has heretofore been used in connection<br />
with closets and I have been in-<br />
Short Outlet formed that some manufacturers of<br />
Horn Here special lines have made their closets in<br />
to Stay this way for a long time back. And yet<br />
broken from the insecure base that was the result of<br />
the extended horn than should have been. And this<br />
expense was borne alike by the plumbers, the jobber,<br />
the manufacturer and, of course, the public.<br />
The manufacturer has one large expense that justifies<br />
the step on his part. It was practically necessary<br />
for him to have a separate drying room for his<br />
closets because the shelves on which they were dried<br />
were specially constructed. The<br />
New Construe- closets could not be put on the same<br />
tion Affords shelves that would be used for lava-<br />
Fast Saving tories and other sanitary earthenware<br />
made in the pottery. This entailed<br />
more building, more warehouse space, more investment<br />
of capital and all of that sort of thing, which<br />
in a large measure can be eliminated when a closet<br />
is used that will set flat and be safe. The plumber<br />
may as well think that over first as last. He has<br />
claimed to be progressive and responsible for all of<br />
the advances made, but at the present time the reactionary<br />
element seems to be disposed to impede progress<br />
by hanging onto the old thing which was never<br />
good.<br />
A putty joint is an improper thing in connection<br />
with a water-closet, unless it is so made that it cannot<br />
possibly be broken. The short horn closet will certainly<br />
force the provision of some sort of a mechanical<br />
contrivance of metal that will firmly<br />
A Truly and securely connect the water-closet<br />
Sanitary with the drainage system and in a man-<br />
Connection ner that will be workmanlike, making<br />
it both water and gas tight, whoever<br />
does the work. In the end the man who lives in the<br />
liouse or the woman who brings up a family in the<br />
home will have a better connection between the watercloset<br />
and the drainage system than the men who<br />
"buiided better than they knew" have ever provided<br />
in the past.<br />
It is fortunate that there is a large number of<br />
plumbers who are progressive, who are deeply studious<br />
of conditions and who reconize in the present<br />
there did not seem to be anybody who • step a movement in the right direction.<br />
forced consideration of this fact upon those who were, There is nothing that had been done by the Stan<br />
it seemed, opposed to it at the convention. The short dardization Bureau, whether recommended by the<br />
horn closet seems to be here to stay. It is time for plumber, the jobber or the manufacturer, which has<br />
the plumber, who is not as progressive as he should not had to stand the test of the shrewd, capable, ex<br />
be, and who forms the large majority of the plumbing perienced members of the committee. A far more<br />
trade, to come up-to-date with his ideas. He should intelligent recommendation will come from these men<br />
learn how to connect the short horn water-closets to than the comments that may be made on their work<br />
the plumbing systems and to get the price for such in so large a gathering as was present at the Pitts<br />
equipment that will insure to his customer a far betburgh convention.<br />
ter connection than he has ever made before in his Fortunately there are already several different<br />
life.<br />
water-closet floor flange inventions on the market<br />
The question as to whether or not the step is justi some of which will enable a closet to be replaced with<br />
fiable mav well be answered. More closets were
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 145<br />
one with a short outlet horn, with a slight additional<br />
cost for the new fittings that will make<br />
New Connec- the building in whicli it is placed santions<br />
Already itary at the floor connection for the<br />
Available first time. This is a decided step in<br />
advance and a gain for sanitation that<br />
the plumber can worthily take pride in. If tliere are<br />
some who have not looked at this from the viewpoint<br />
that has been taken here, it will not be strange. Nor<br />
is there a disposition to censure them, but rather to<br />
most cordially invite them to study the connection in<br />
the interest of the final purchaser and of permanancy.<br />
Then they can see that the small cost, whether included<br />
in the price of the closet by the manufacturer<br />
or an additional price that must be paid for the special<br />
fittings, is well worth the expenditure.<br />
It is fortunate that closet construction is so nearly<br />
standardized that any one of the new inventions may<br />
be used in connection with the closets. The plumber<br />
can select the one in which he earnestly believes and<br />
use it to his customers' advantage.<br />
This is a question that has been receiving attention<br />
on the part of those who, interested in bringing<br />
plumbing codes up-to-date and, inasmuch as in many<br />
instances the journeymen plumbers have been as active<br />
in this work as have their employers, they are as well<br />
informed on what the short outlet horn water-closet<br />
entails. They are willing to do their part and many<br />
are quite enthusiastically in favor of the movement so<br />
well under way that nothing can retard it.<br />
It has much to recommend it in great saving in cost<br />
to the manufacturers and in the final certainty of an<br />
absolutely sanitary connection in the building wherever<br />
a water-closet is used.<br />
Shall Tool Equipment be Sold on<br />
the Installment Plan?<br />
A PLUMBER, who is W. E. Storm, Jr., Lakewood,<br />
N. J., rented a store to a shoemaker. He noted<br />
the up-to-date methods with which the young<br />
Russian with no education started to success.<br />
The first thing he did was to buy an up-to-date machine<br />
for finishing his work and save labor for himself.<br />
The shoemaker stated that he can make with this machine<br />
from $65 to $95 per day at an expense of from<br />
$4 to $6 per month for electric power. The patent<br />
more up-to-date pattern. If he can't pav for the machine<br />
as the Russian shoemaker did, it is his fault, or<br />
his family is too large, or he is too big a sport and<br />
plays too much pinnochle and never wins.<br />
Here is a thought for any one of the concerns who<br />
make pipe-threading machines. Any one of the firms<br />
who make farm water systems can put on the market<br />
a pipe-threading machine on the same terms as the<br />
shoemaker buys his machine. If the plumbing and<br />
steam work is going behind in business methods, it is<br />
time for them to take, for example, what is going<br />
on in the shoemaking line.<br />
Quaint Rites of the Bath<br />
Back in Bible times came the idea of a swimming<br />
pool, and in Solomon's temple there was built the<br />
most wonderful one the world has known. It would<br />
hold 3,000 bathers and was used by the high priests.<br />
Bathing is for the Finn a rite for which the first<br />
building on his farm is erected. It has a main room<br />
with a huge fireplace and a smaller room leading off<br />
this. On tub day the stones which surround the fireplace<br />
are superheated, then raked out and immersed<br />
in many pails of water, which causes enough steam<br />
to envelop the wliole family in their steam bath.<br />
Into the anteroom then they go one by one and are<br />
rinsed off with a pail of water, finally finishing the<br />
process with a vigorous roll in the snow.<br />
As the great oven in which the baking has been<br />
done is cooling, in crawls the Russian peasant and<br />
after a good sweating has his wife throw a pail of<br />
water over him, but his peculiarity is that he puts<br />
back on the same clothing and therefore is looked<br />
upon a.s not clean. Saturday is the day for his bath<br />
since an immaculate Sunday is a part of his creed.<br />
It was once customary in some parts of France<br />
for the whole family to use the same tub of water in<br />
succession, although for the guest there was a special<br />
arrangement whereby the tub was skimmed.<br />
One can rent a full bathing outfit from traveling<br />
vendors of the bath who heat the water while you<br />
wait and charge but a modest sum.<br />
Time is not much of a factor in the life of the<br />
West African Bantu, who prepares for his soaking<br />
by first digging a hole in the ground into which are<br />
placed seven herbs, peppers, seeds and bushes, and<br />
finally covered by boiling hot water. Then in jumps<br />
the Bantu, to steam and steam and steam for hours.<br />
finishing machine cost $285 on easy payments of $50<br />
down and $15 per month on the contract until paid A professional kneader then takes him in hand and<br />
for, the correctness being assured by having the op after an hour he is considered fit to be called clean.<br />
portunity of reading over the contract as a witness to Public baths are characteristic of the Japanese,<br />
it when it was signed.<br />
who bathe quietly and without any concern for those<br />
Now the question is: Where can a plumber starting about. The attendant keeps the water at an even<br />
in business buy a pipe-threading machine on such 110 degrees Fahrenheit.<br />
terms or as good terms as were offered by the manu Great occasions call forth the concession of the<br />
facturers of the shoemaking machine to the shoe Ainu whereby he will wash his face and hands. The<br />
maker? It has an up-to-date motor of the best make, man of the Thibet claims that the oil of the body<br />
is of first-class construction and much more difficult gives him the needed warmth and will once in a<br />
and expensive to make than a pipe-threading machine. while wash away the dust from face and finger tips.<br />
What the plumber and the journeyman want is a People who live in hot climates naturally spend<br />
pipe machine run by electric power and to be pur much time in the water, but do not use soap often.<br />
chased on the same terms as the shoe machine which As for the Esquimau, he gets quite wet during the<br />
was sold to the shoemaker. If it should wear out, it fishing season when he wades out for the nets, but<br />
shows that the piping contractor has made money and his wife knows how water feels when she disen<br />
can afford to buy a new one of a later date and a tangles the nets for him.—Valve World.
146 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30. 1920<br />
A Comprehensive Treatment of the Factors<br />
Governing Circulation and Their Application<br />
to Heating Building<br />
New Treatment of Hot Water Heating<br />
__ty Eduoard E. Parker<br />
PART XI<br />
W A T E R boils in an open vessel at 212 deg. Fahr. without going through it. In that case there should<br />
the boiling point in an ordinary open tank always be a bypass with a swing check valve in it<br />
heating system is somewhat greater than that leading from the bottom of the expansion tank back<br />
owing to the fact that the height of the into the expansion pipe below the saftety valve in<br />
Pressure water in the system increases the pres- order to run the water which goes through the safety<br />
Devices sure on the water in the system at the valve when it expands, back into the system again<br />
point where the heat is applied. In when it contracts.<br />
ordinary residences the height at which the expansion A better method where it can be done is to use<br />
tank can be put is so limited that 220 deg. is about as the reservoir of the municipal water works for an ex<br />
hot as the water in the heater can be raised. In actual pansion tank by connecting the heating plant in the<br />
practice the temperature must be kept considerably be liouse directly to the street main. This should not<br />
low that. For this reason it is usual to make hot-water be done if the water pressure at the cellar exceeds 40<br />
radiators 60 per cent larger than steam radiators de lb. as that is about the limit at which radiator manusigned<br />
to do the same work. This is one of the prinfacturers will guarantee their goods.<br />
cipal objections urged against hot-water heating. A pressure of 40 lbs at the heater means that the<br />
No housekeeper wants more ironmongery set up in expansion tank has been elevated to about 90 ft., and<br />
her principal rooms than is necessary, and in many the water will not boil until it reaches a temperature<br />
modern homes there is so little blank wall space that of 286 deg. This allows the water in extreme weather<br />
sometimes it is puzzling to find room for the furniture, to be circulated through the radiators at about 240<br />
to say nothing of radiator space. This causes a de deg. or hotter than steam would be likely to be in an<br />
mand to cut down the size of radiators as much as ordinary steam heating system, hence radiators figured<br />
upon a steam basis would be big enough.<br />
In erecting a street pressure system of hot water<br />
heating, care should be taken that no valve should be<br />
used, so that by closing it the system will be sealed.<br />
The connection between the water supply and the<br />
heating system should be made in the attic and not<br />
in the cellar. Fig. 26 shows the type of valve which<br />
FIG. 2G. A THREE-WAY should always be used and Fig. 27 the method of<br />
VALVE FOR USE ON MAINS connection.<br />
WITH RADIATORS BELOW. It will be seen that this valve has two seats. If<br />
cx^O<br />
the disc is shut hard against the upper seat, the handle<br />
always is at the bottom. Then the water can come<br />
in freely through the opening on the left hand side<br />
of the valve and go into the heating plant through<br />
the opening on the right. The pressure on the inside<br />
tr~rf<br />
of the heater will always be the same as that produced<br />
by a column of water as high as that in the reser<br />
possible. Where this condition prevails, the only way<br />
to do it, and at the same time heat the house comfortably,<br />
is to add some sort of a device to prevent<br />
the water from boiling until it reaches a temperature<br />
much hotter than the normal boiling point.<br />
Numerous schemes for this purpose have been tried<br />
with more or less success. The Perkins system already<br />
described, represents the limit of endeavor in<br />
this direction, since it makes no provision for letting<br />
any of the pressure escape except by the remote contingency<br />
of an explosion.<br />
Sometimes the desired pressure is put upon the<br />
water by installing a safety valve below the expansion<br />
tank so that no water can get into the expansion tank<br />
voir at the water works. If the water is heated it<br />
expands perhaps 4 per cent when the fire is first built,<br />
but only a trifling amount after that. This water of<br />
expansion is pushed back into the pipe coming from<br />
the cellar.<br />
The length of the pipe between the point where<br />
the water supply enters the cellar and the place where<br />
it joins the heating apparatus in the upper part of<br />
the house is big enough to prevent any considerable<br />
amount of the expansion water from getting into the<br />
house supply. This atic connection serves another<br />
good purpose. It prevents the system from being<br />
emptied if the street main should be shut off or<br />
broken, as no water can be drained out except what
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 147<br />
is in the pipe between the double disc valve and the<br />
street main.<br />
If repairs become necessary, or if it is desirable to<br />
use an open tank system, all that is needed to make<br />
it one is to turn the handle of the valve until the disc<br />
comes down solid on the bottom seat. This cuts off<br />
the water from the street supply and opens the gate<br />
between the heater and the expansion tank.<br />
If the water supply is metered a bypass as shown<br />
in Fig. 28, must be put around the meter so that any<br />
water" that may be expanded can be pushed into the<br />
street without going through the meter. Local ordinances,<br />
not always logical, sometimes forbid this arrangement,<br />
in which case some other form of pressure<br />
device must be used.<br />
Where the street water pressure is too great or too<br />
small to be used as a pressure device in heating work<br />
there are mercurial devices for accomplishing the same<br />
purpose. The Honeywell system is probably the best<br />
known of these and is typical of all.<br />
Mercurial<br />
Devices<br />
When the water in a plant to wliich one<br />
of these devices is attached, begins to<br />
heat, the expansion causes it to lift a<br />
column of mercury. When the pressure reaches a<br />
certain point about 10 lbs. it is relieved by the surplus<br />
water being forced up through the mercury into<br />
the expansion tank. Care should be taken, when<br />
such a device is used, the the water in the expansion<br />
tank has sufficient head to enable it to flow back into<br />
the system through the mercury seal when the pressure<br />
is removed.<br />
There is little opportunity for the fitter to make<br />
mistakes in installing these devices. He will always<br />
have on hand the very minute directions issued by<br />
the people who manufacture them. Action and re-<br />
Cooling Co/1<br />
Overf/oW<br />
Expansion 7ank^*<br />
Three • wai/ Valve - X<br />
_>J3<br />
._> .i<br />
Fio. 27. METHOD OF CONNECTING THREE-WAY VALVE<br />
action are always equal. Therefore too much faith<br />
should not be given to the claim that putting a little<br />
pressure on the water in a hot-water heating plant<br />
will cause it to circulate with great velocity, or that<br />
"Sick, waterlogged jobs which would never circulate<br />
the water before, will begin to work satisfactorily as<br />
soon as one of these arrangements is attached." The<br />
time and money which the people making these devices<br />
have expended in educating the trade to better<br />
_.<br />
methods of piping in connection with their devices,<br />
has been well spent.<br />
It is quite common to find places where it is desirable<br />
to have a hot-water lieating plant so arranged<br />
that boiling, not simply hot, water can be had at<br />
times if needed. This often liappens on farms, where<br />
milk cans need cleaning, etc. No attempt should be<br />
made to take this water out of the lieating plant itself,<br />
But, if some sort of a pressure scheme be<br />
adopted so that the water may be heated 20 deg. or<br />
Check IALVIT<br />
FIG. 28. BYPASS<br />
-Meter<br />
-Shut Off Cock<br />
From Street<br />
3<br />
AVOID DANGEROUS PRESSURE WHERE<br />
METER IS L T SED<br />
so above the normal boiling point, a jacket kettle<br />
may be attached to the system in the same manner as<br />
a radiator, in which the required water may be quickly<br />
brought to the boiling point.<br />
In arranging the apparatus for this use care should<br />
be taken to run the vent pipe as directly as possible<br />
to the pressure valve below the expansion tank so that<br />
if any steam collects, it will not tend to push the water<br />
out of the system. Then a gate valve should be put<br />
in the return main so that no water except that going<br />
through the jacket kettle can return to the heater.<br />
This generally involves putting in a separate return<br />
from the kettle.<br />
To Be Continued<br />
Fire Protection Measures For<br />
Installing Heating Equipment<br />
HFATING equipment is the cause of over 20 per<br />
cent, of the fires occurring in institutional<br />
buildings and is responsible for more fires than<br />
any otlier one cause, says the National Fire Protection<br />
Association.<br />
Furnaces and boilers should be installed in a separate<br />
fire-resisting room, or at least set on non-combustible<br />
bases and the proper clearance provided between<br />
them and all woodwork. The same precautions<br />
apply to coal ranges which do not stand on legs.<br />
All chimneys should have at least 8-in. brick walls<br />
and flue linings except in one-story buildings where<br />
an ordinary stove is operated, a 4-in. chimney wall<br />
and lined 'flue may be used. Chimneys and stove<br />
pipes should be thoroughly cleaned each fall before<br />
the fires are started and the plumber and furnace<br />
man could greatly increase his business by emphasizing<br />
this necessity. Woodwork should in no case be<br />
bedded in chimney walls and proper clearance should<br />
be provided about all stacks, stoves and steam pipes.<br />
It is not generally realized that the heat from steam
148 METAL WORKER, PLUMRERANDSTEAMFITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
pipes will convert wood into charcoal, which takes<br />
fire spontaneously and therefore wood floors and walls<br />
are often in contact with the hot metal when safety<br />
demands the proper air space between them.<br />
Stove pipe should never pass through closets, attics<br />
or other concealed spaces, but they should be set<br />
away from the surrounding woodwork. Also they<br />
should be properly supported and the joints securely<br />
riveted.<br />
Woodwork or clothing in contact with hot steam<br />
pipes of dryers in laundries have started fires. The<br />
dryers should be of metal throughout and the steam<br />
pipes protected by wire screening. The flame of<br />
gas mantles also should be carefully guarded.<br />
Flexible gas tubing is likely to develop leaks or<br />
become loose and therefore should be prohibited, with<br />
rigid pipe connection recommended in its place. Noncombustible<br />
brackets are essential for properly supporting<br />
gas meters and the pipes above meters should<br />
be bridged with wire or metal bars to conduct electrical<br />
current to the ground without passing through<br />
the meter itself. The use of lead pipe should be condoned<br />
and suflicient valves provided on the meter<br />
connection to enable immediately shutting off the<br />
supply of gas in case of fire.<br />
One or more 2V_:~g a l- soda acid fire extinguishers<br />
should be available for use in specially hazardous<br />
places in institutions, such as workshops, sorter rooms,<br />
laundries or kitchens. This hand extinguishing appliance<br />
is verv effective and operates by the action of<br />
sulphuric acid upon bicarbonate of soda. The pump<br />
type of extinguisher of 2 or 3-pt. capacity is extremely<br />
valuable for use on oil or electrical fires and<br />
can usually be operated by any person, but are not<br />
recommended for general use upon fires in wood,<br />
paper and similar material.<br />
Wife's Thimble the Mother of Gas<br />
Burners<br />
In the old days of Redruth when making gas in his<br />
backyard and burning it in his office, to the wonderment<br />
of the rustics of the neighborhood, who could<br />
not understand there being the possibility of a flame<br />
without a wick—they had been brought up from their<br />
childhood to the tallow dip and the oil lamp—Murdock<br />
first burned his gas simply as a flame from the<br />
end of the gas pipe and when he wanted to cut off<br />
the gas, his method was extremely simple.<br />
Taking a small plug of clay, Murdock rammed it<br />
into the end of the pipe. You must remember that he<br />
had only just begun to experiment, and he was not at<br />
all sure what would happen if the small holder in<br />
the backyard was to ground and the pressure of the<br />
weight of the holder was to be taken off the gas.<br />
Murdock had some sort of dim fear that there might<br />
be trouble, and at one of his exhibitions he suddenly<br />
saw his flame beginning to grow gradually small, and<br />
he realized his holder in the yard was getting low.<br />
He looked for his plug of clay to cut off the light,<br />
but unfortunately that plug of clay got knocked onto<br />
the floor and had rolled under the table. Unable to<br />
find the plug, Murdock hurriedly looked around for<br />
something else, and found his wife's thimble. Seizing<br />
the thimble, Murdock rammed it over the end of the<br />
pipe—a thoughtless sort of thing a brutal man would<br />
do—but, smelling the gas, Murdock applied a light<br />
and saw that the thimble was in the condition that<br />
every good housewife's thimble should be. It was<br />
full of small holes drilled by the unsympathetic heads<br />
of darning needles, and the gas escaping through<br />
these small holes ignited and to his astonishment<br />
Murdock saw two or three small jets of flame give<br />
greater illumination than before had been given from<br />
the great flare of the pipe.<br />
Working on that idea, Murdock introduced the<br />
Cockspur burner. Murdock thought that three jets,<br />
which to his mind rather represented the Prince of<br />
Wales' feather, and which he called the Fleur-de-lis<br />
burner, would be an improvement, and so he welded<br />
together the end of his gas pipe and drilled out small<br />
holes, and obtained what was known as the Coxcomb<br />
burner, a great improvement over the Cockspur. The<br />
Bats wing burner followed, but flung out the gas too<br />
far on each side and prevented the use of a globe.<br />
French Insist on Beauty in Bebuilding<br />
True "Cities Beautiful" will arise from the wrecks<br />
of towns which are now struggling to rebuild themselves<br />
in northern France. The cheap, checkerboard<br />
appearance which disfigures many otherwise beautiful<br />
suburbs in America is being carefully avoided by the<br />
three sets of commissioners which must approve all<br />
town plans before work of rebuilding may start. Real<br />
estate "sharks" who came along with schemes for<br />
selling property and throwing up cheap buildings to<br />
meet the urgent demands at high rental rates were<br />
promptly squelched by the French Government.<br />
These protective methods will delay reconstruction,<br />
but will undoubtedly make for beautiful, artistic cities<br />
when the general work of rebuilding finally begins.<br />
Out of 3,000 towns which must be entirely rebuilt,<br />
Bethune, in the western sector of the old French<br />
front, was the first to submit plans for reconstruction.<br />
As soon as the refugees began to return to Bethune,<br />
all architects, contractors and builders formed an <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
for immediate work. The city was divided<br />
into districts and an experienced contractor voluntarily<br />
assumed charge of each district. In this way<br />
the work of clearing away debris progressed rapidly.<br />
In the meantime architects were at work on plans<br />
for public buildings, at the same time making estimates<br />
of the cost of buildings that were destroyed.<br />
The new plans included the most modern ideas in<br />
city building known in France and to these were added<br />
the suggestions of Ge<strong>org</strong>e B. Ford of New York, formerly<br />
with the American Red Cross and now a representative<br />
of the French Government.<br />
The Bethune plan was adopted also by Peronne,<br />
Lens and Rheims, and it is likely that authorization<br />
for rebuilding these cities will soon be granted by the<br />
French Government.<br />
Mr. Ford recently appeared before American Red<br />
Cross officials, urging them to impress upon the people<br />
in their districts the necessity of working out their<br />
construction along modern lines. The Red Cross has<br />
supplied Mr. Ford with a list of French towns that<br />
are applying for adoption by American towns. A<br />
number of American towns have declared themselves<br />
willing to adopt French towns.
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 149<br />
How Much Is Spasmodic Advertising to Blame<br />
for Spasmodic Business?<br />
Peaks and Valleys in Advertising and Sale<br />
IN the old days of advertising many a great success<br />
was built up primarily by continuity. When<br />
I say "old days of advertising," I go back a<br />
good way, farther even than the memory of the oldest<br />
copy writer—to the time when Carthage was destroyed<br />
by the consistent and continuous repetition of<br />
a slogan, not by big space spasmodically used.<br />
There was nothing very entrancing or gripping<br />
about the consistent, year in and year out advertising<br />
of Dr. Pierce's Medical Discovery or some of the<br />
famous patent medicine successes of the old days. In<br />
those days also, probably 75 out of 100 successful<br />
advertisers were built up, not through clever copy,<br />
not through tremendous dominating, once in a while<br />
display, but through consistency, continuity and everlasting<br />
plugging.<br />
Advertising history is silent upon with what individual<br />
advertiser, or at just what particular period<br />
in development, the sound old practice of continuity<br />
was exchanged for another, newer, practice. Somewhere<br />
around 6 or 7 years ago lots of advertisers<br />
started to shelve the sound old doctrine for a newer<br />
idea. It seemed to be based upon the slogan, "Whenever<br />
you appear, be a star."<br />
To continue a simile stolen from the theatrical profession,<br />
it was as if James, the butler, who had a<br />
mighty good opportunity to make himself a real actor<br />
by playing continuously, and to the best of his<br />
ability, his modest part in the play, would refuse to<br />
go on the stage at all unless in every scene and every<br />
act he could be a star and dominate the performance.<br />
A very great number of national advertisers gave up<br />
the old idea of continuity in favor of the dominating<br />
plan. A mass attack in great force took the place<br />
of the old idea of keeping continually at it, and continuity<br />
was passed over in favor of power, seized<br />
quickly by spasmodic splurges.<br />
Big, dominating space in the spring and again in<br />
the fall gradually took the place in many lines of advertising<br />
of the old-fashioned continual year in and<br />
year out plugging. It may be perfectly true that<br />
many successes were made by this method, and yet a<br />
list of the leading advertisers of the country would<br />
probably show that the great majority of those who<br />
occupy a dominant position in their field secured that<br />
position in the industry by continual year-round advertising.<br />
Production, sales charts and the wellknown<br />
graph line may be as old as Archimedes, but<br />
within the last few years they have been getting more<br />
and more into general use in industries which before<br />
rather looked down upon them.<br />
As publishers came to keep these charts in reference<br />
to their volume of advertising, and as thev compared<br />
them with the manufacturers' charts on production<br />
and sales, it was gradually seen that there<br />
were many points of similarity between them. Those<br />
manufacturers who had decided to abandon the old<br />
idea of continuity in favor of the spring and fall cam-<br />
* Extracts from an article in Printer's Ink.<br />
paign were found to be in the position of men who<br />
are accentuating tlieir own difficulties in many cases.<br />
Moreover thoughts about advertising were changing<br />
at the same time in this development. It became<br />
a proved fact that advertising is far more than the<br />
mere force to put behind a bunch of merchandise to<br />
move it at a certain time. It became evident, and it<br />
was proved by consistent long-time advertisers that<br />
the force of advertising could put a man at the top<br />
of his line in the industry. Good will and institutional<br />
advertising came in for more attention.<br />
It can be demonstrated that in almost every industry<br />
the places of leadership have been obtained<br />
through some form of consistent advertising. A list<br />
of fifty leading advertisers compiled from thirty-six<br />
publications, most of them leaders in tlieir fields,<br />
shows that places of leadership are secured by the<br />
old standby, all-year-round consistent advertising.<br />
Continuity was the original principle of advertising,<br />
and apparently the leading advertisers have been<br />
getting back to it. In.stead of concentrating all the<br />
force of advertising to move a big bunch<br />
A Return of merchandise at peak seasons of the<br />
to Former year, thus putting an extra strain upon<br />
Principles labor, transportation and finance, firms<br />
that obtained a place of leadership<br />
through consistent advertising got preferential markets<br />
in all three of these fundamentals.<br />
Consistent year-round advertising can undoubtedly<br />
help in stabilizing production, and at the same time<br />
stabilizing employment of labor.<br />
Proper use of consistent advertising with modern<br />
marketing methods in the iron and steel industry<br />
would make possible the full and complete use of the<br />
full capacity of these industries, and an increased<br />
production of commodities at lower cost. Periodic<br />
depressions follow periodic peaks. Spasmodic efforts<br />
bring spasmodic results.<br />
Basic industries need consistent year-round advertising<br />
and modern marketing methods. Is it not just<br />
as true that the advertising business and manufacturers<br />
as a whole need fewer peaks and valleys in<br />
their sales and production charts and more straight<br />
lines ? Cannot it also be said with equal truth that<br />
the way to secure a straight production line is through<br />
year-round consistent advertising, rather than a tremendous<br />
boom in advertising at certain periods of the<br />
year, when labor, transportation and finance are already<br />
overcrowded by the demands made upon them<br />
by nature?<br />
Electric power plants, the telephone companies<br />
and many others found that real advertising and selling<br />
instead of simply allowing users to buy whenever<br />
they felt like it would enable them to sell current<br />
or service every hour of the twenty-four instead of<br />
just a few hours during the day.<br />
Some day one of the great services of advertising<br />
will be to persuade the basic industries—iron, coal
150 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
and steel—to use modern marketing and advertising<br />
methods to regulate their demands by means of advertising<br />
so that both production and jirices can be<br />
maintained uniform. If advertising is ever to perform<br />
this great service for the American people, it<br />
should, in the first place, put its own house in order,<br />
and cut out the peaks and valleys by urging the old,<br />
half-f<strong>org</strong>otten virtue of consistency, instead of clever<br />
ness, continuity instead of domination.<br />
The extension of the use of advertising in an in<br />
telligent manner to our basic, as well as all our in<br />
dustries, should be one of the developments of the<br />
future. Is it not true that the leaders in their field<br />
have built their leadership through consistent,<br />
straightforward, year-round advertising rather than<br />
by piling up the peaks at certain seasons of the year?<br />
If this is true, is it not a good time to preach con<br />
tinuity in advertising for the sake of business as a<br />
whole, as well as the advertising business in par<br />
ticular?<br />
The Relation o± the Public to the <strong>Worker</strong><br />
Principles Submitted by United States Chamber of Commerce,<br />
to its Membership for an Expression of Opinion<br />
T W E L V E principles of industrial relations, pre<br />
pared by a special committee of the United States<br />
Chamber of Commerce have been sent out to a<br />
vote of the more than thirteen hundred industrial and<br />
commercial <strong>org</strong>anizations comprising the membership.<br />
The principles are intended to include the fundamentals<br />
of employment relations, and were drawn up<br />
by members of the Chamber's board of directors after<br />
the close of the First Industrial Conference to con<br />
sider the principles presented by the employers' group<br />
in the conference.<br />
The committee's report, containing the proposals<br />
submitted for a vote, is given as follows:<br />
Employers' relations in Ameriean industry should accord<br />
uith and express those ideals of justice, equality and individual<br />
liberty which constitute the fundamentals of our<br />
national institutions. The terms of employment should conform<br />
to the essential requirements of economic law and<br />
sound business practice. They should, through intelligent<br />
eo-operation, based on a recognition of mutuality of interest<br />
conduce to high productive efficiency. They should reflect<br />
in ever-increasing degree an effort to realize broad ideals<br />
of individual and social betterment. In government and<br />
public service employment the orderly administration of<br />
government must be assured, and the paramount interest<br />
of the public protected.<br />
With these essential purposes in view, and conscious<br />
of the obligation of management to insure their ob<br />
servance and practical operation in industrial affairs,<br />
the Committee on Industrial Relations of the Cham<br />
ber of Commerce of the United States of America,<br />
states its belief in the following principles:<br />
I. Any person possesses the right to engage in any lawful<br />
business or occupation, and to enter, individually' or collectively<br />
into any lawful contract, either as employer or<br />
employee. These rights are subject to limitation only through<br />
a valid exercise of public authority.<br />
II. The right of open-shop operation, that is, the right<br />
of employer and employee to enter into and determine the<br />
conditions of employment relations with each other, is an<br />
essential part of the individual right of contract possessed<br />
by each of the parties.<br />
II. All men possess the equal right to associate voluntarily<br />
for the accomplishment of lawful purposes by lawful<br />
means. The association of men, whether employers, employees<br />
or others, for collective action or dealing, confers<br />
no authority over, and must not deny any right of, those<br />
who do not desire to act or deal with them.<br />
IV. The public welfare, the protection of the individual<br />
and employment relations require that associations or combinations<br />
of employers or employees, or both, must equally<br />
be subject to the authority of the State and legally responsible<br />
to others and that of their agents.<br />
V. To develop with due regard for the health, safety<br />
and well-being of the individual, the required output of<br />
industry is the common social obligation of all engaged<br />
therein. The restriction of production effort or of output<br />
by either employer or employee for the purpose of creating<br />
an artificial scarcity of the product or of labor is an<br />
injury to society.<br />
VI. The wage of labor must come out of the product of<br />
industry and must be earned and measured by its contribution<br />
thereto. In order that the worker in his own and the<br />
general interest, may develop his full productive capacity,<br />
and may thereby earn at least a wage sufficient to sustain<br />
him upon a proper standard of living, it is the duty of<br />
management to co-operate with him to secure continuous<br />
employment suited to his abilities, to furnish incentive and<br />
opportunity for improvement, to provide proper safeguards<br />
for his health and safety and to encourage him in all practicable<br />
and reasonable ways to incre'ase the value of his<br />
productive effort.<br />
VII. The number of hours in the work-day or week in<br />
which the maximum output, consistent with the health and<br />
well-being of the individual ean be maintained in a given<br />
industry should be ascertained by careful study and should<br />
never be exceeded except in case of emergency, and one<br />
day of rest in seven, or its equivalent, should be provided.<br />
The reduction in working hours below such economic limit<br />
in order to secure greater leisure for the individual, should<br />
lie made only with full understanding and acceptance of the<br />
fact that it involves a commensurate loss in the earning<br />
power of the workers, a limitation and a shortage of the<br />
output of the industry and an increase in the cost of the<br />
product, with all the necessary effect of these things upon<br />
the interests of the community and the nation.<br />
VIII. Adequate means, satisfactory both to the employer<br />
and his employees and voluntarily agreed to bv them, should<br />
be provided for the discussion and adjustment of employment<br />
relations and the just anu prompt settlement of all<br />
disputes that arise in the course of industrial operation<br />
IX. When, in the establishment or adjustment of empiovment<br />
relations, the employer and his employees do not deal<br />
individually but by mutual consent such dealing is conducted<br />
by either party through representatives, it is proper for the<br />
other party to ask that these representatives shall not be<br />
chosen or controlled by, or in such dealing in any degree ren-<br />
" T X'u y ° Utskle grou P or interes t in the questions at issue.<br />
A. lhe greatest measure of reward and well-being for<br />
both employer and employee and the full social value of<br />
their service must be sought in the successful conduct and<br />
full development of the particular industrial establishment<br />
in which they are associated. Intelligent and practical co-
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 151<br />
operation based upon a mutual recognition of this community<br />
of interest constitutes the true basis of sound industrila<br />
relations.<br />
XI. The state is sovereign and cannot tolerate a divided<br />
allegiance on the part of its servants. While the right of<br />
government employees—national, state, or municipal—to be<br />
heard and to secure consideration and just treatment must<br />
be amply safeguarded, the community welfare demands that<br />
no combination to prevent or impair the operation of the<br />
government, or of any government function shall be permitted.<br />
XII. In publie service activities, the public interest and<br />
well-being must be the paramount and controlling consid<br />
eration. The power of regulation and protection exercised<br />
by the state over the corporation should properly extend to<br />
the employees in so far as may be necessary to insure the<br />
adequate, continuous and unimpaired operation of public<br />
utility service.<br />
This is the thirty-first referendum submitted since<br />
the Chamber was <strong>org</strong>anized more than 8 years ago.<br />
The policies of the Chamber are declared only after<br />
referendum vote, or on action of annual meetings.<br />
The voting will close at the expiration of forty-five<br />
days. A two-thirds majority is necessary to carry.<br />
Non-Union Agreement Signers Protected<br />
Cincinnati Court Holds That Unions Must Not Attempt<br />
to Persuade Employees to Break Their Contracts<br />
A V E R Y important decision was handed down by that they would not join the union while in plaintiff's<br />
Judge Hickenlooper in the Superior Court at employ, or, if they decided to join the union, that they<br />
Cincinnati on July 12. The legality of the non would at once withdraw from such employment.<br />
union agreement under which some metal working "The exact question in this case," said Judge Hick<br />
plants are operating was upheld, and a permanent inenlooper, "is whether after the plaintiff's shop had<br />
junction restraining members of labor unions from in<br />
been run as a non-union shop for more than four<br />
vears, the defendants had a right to so conduct tlieir<br />
terfering, in any way whatsoever, with persons signing<br />
campaign for membership, by the maintenance of<br />
those agreements was issued. The decision is expected<br />
pickets and a solicitation of plaintiff's<br />
to have far-reaching consequences, as at the present<br />
The Exact employees, as to injure the plaintiff's<br />
time a strike of machinists is in progress in some of Question business and deprive him of the services<br />
the machine tool establishments, and the claim is made Involved of his present employees, and this at a<br />
that many employees are being kept away from work<br />
time when there was no strike in prog<br />
by interference from strikers. The decision referred to ress at plaintiff's shop, and no disagreement between<br />
two cases, that of C. J. Shafer, doing business as the plaintiff and his employees as to wages or working<br />
C. J. Shafer Pattern Works vs. International Pattern conditions, and when all of plaintiff's employees are<br />
Makers' League of North America, et al., and that of employed upon the understanding and agreement that<br />
John Douglas Co. vs. the <strong>Metal</strong> Polishers' Interna they would not join the union while in plaintiff's emtional<br />
Union, Local No. 63, et al.<br />
ploy, and if it be decided that the defendants were<br />
In the case of the Shafer Pattern Works, it appears within tlieir rights in approacliing any of the plain<br />
that plaintiff had run an open shop until about five tiff's employees, will an injunction issue against so<br />
years ago when he ceased to employ any union men. liciting such employees as haves igned the non-union<br />
A number of plaintiff's employees, although not all, agreement above referred to.<br />
signed separate so-called non-union agreements where "It is our opinion that, in the absence of contract<br />
by it was agreed that, in accepting employment with for a definite term of employment, the advantages to<br />
the plaintiff, the employee did so upon the understand society which are claimed for unionism furnish the<br />
ing that the employer did not recognize and would not just cause or excuse for the intentional injury occa<br />
have any dealings with a labor union, and that the<br />
sioned by a strike. If, therefore, the ememployee<br />
would not become a member of any such When ployment be at will and the advantages<br />
labor union while in the employ of the plaintiff and Picketing of <strong>org</strong>anization constitute just cause and<br />
would have no dealings, communications or interview's Is Legal excuse for persuading others to join the<br />
with officers, agents or members of any labor union in<br />
labor movement, it follows that picketing<br />
relation to membership by the employee in such labor is not per se illegal and it further follows that the<br />
union or in relation to the employee's employment. court must reject as unsound the dictume of the Hitch-<br />
It was shown in the Shafer case that in the early part man case (245 U. S. 2-19) that inducing a servant to<br />
of September, 1919, the defendants commenced a cam quit his employment, which is at will, may be enjoined<br />
paign of <strong>org</strong>anization through which it was sought to where there is no contract restricting the employee's<br />
increase the membership in the local pattern makers' right to enter into the attending negotiations. We do<br />
league or union; that as a step in the accomplishment not consider, therefore, that it is unlawful for the<br />
of this purpose the plaintiff's place of business was union to use peaceful persuasion for the purpose of<br />
picketed by the union employees of other shops, and inducing those of the plaintiff's employees who have<br />
plaintiff's workmen were accosted, principally upon not signed the non-union agreement or verbally<br />
leaving work, and asked to quit plaintiff's employment agreed to its terms, to quit their employment and join<br />
and join the union. Defendants had notice that many the labor movement.<br />
of the plaintiff's employees had signed the non-union "But to induce another to breach his contract has<br />
agreement and that all of plaintiff's employees were never been held to be justified by either social or indi<br />
employed upon either a verbal or written agreement vidual advantage. No guaranteed right of free speech
152 METAL WORKER, PLUMRER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30. 1920<br />
or liberty of action has ever been held to authorize or<br />
justifv one man in inducing another to break his contract.<br />
Nor is the alleged non-union contract illegal or<br />
contrary to public policy. Any employee has the right<br />
to agree with his employer that he not only vvill refrain<br />
from joining a union during the term of employment,<br />
but he may also lawfully agree, as was done in<br />
these cases, that he will not have any negotiations or<br />
communications with others as to such employment<br />
during the period that he is so employed. Inducing<br />
such employee to enter into negotiations, or to participate<br />
in discussions as to the advantages of the union<br />
or as to his then employment, is inducing a breach of<br />
the contract into which he has entered; and such negotiations,<br />
conferences or discussions cannot be initiated<br />
or started by defendants without liability for<br />
inducing such breach of contract. As has been said<br />
before, the advantages to the union cannot be held to<br />
be a justification of such act. The most that could be<br />
said to those who are employed under the non-union<br />
agreement in question, is that, if and when their employment<br />
has terminated, the union representatives<br />
would be glad to discuss with them the advantages of<br />
the union. This is a meager and unsatisfactory right<br />
for which even the union does not contend.<br />
"It follows that as to the Shafer case the injunction<br />
must be made perpetual as to initiating or commencing<br />
negotiations, dealings, communications or interviews<br />
with any employee who has signed the non<br />
union agreement, either in relation to the<br />
Injunction membership by said employee in the<br />
Made union or in relation to said employee's<br />
Perpetual employment. As to those who have not<br />
signed or entered into said non-union<br />
agreement, prohibiting such communications and interviews,<br />
such employees may be approached upon the<br />
subject of terminating their employment and thereafter<br />
joining the union. Since the court finds that<br />
there was no coercion or intimidation, either actual or<br />
threatened, there is no necessity for a restraining order<br />
upon these points. It is further ordered that each<br />
party pay their own costs herein incurred.<br />
"A somewhat different state of facts exists in the<br />
case of the John Douglas Co. In that case the polishing<br />
and buffing department of the plaintiff was run as<br />
an 'open shop' until October, 1919, Yvhen an agreement<br />
for a 'closed union shop' was presented to the superintendent<br />
of plaintiff, closely followed bv the demand on<br />
the part of some of the employees for an increase in<br />
wages. Several of the increases demanded were given,<br />
but the demand for a 'closed union shop' being rejected,<br />
a strike was called by the local union on Oct.<br />
28, and has been in progress since that date. Subsequent<br />
to the calling of the strike the plaintiff declared<br />
its intention of running a 'closed union shop,' and all<br />
of plaintiff's present employees have signed the nonunion<br />
agreement above mentioned. Notice of this fact<br />
was brought home to the defendants.<br />
(Continued on Page 165)<br />
The Path That Leads to<br />
Money in the Bank<br />
Will be Opened for You in Our First<br />
Article Every Week<br />
TO MAKE them as skillful in merchandising as our competent mechanics are in<br />
their work is all that is needed to make every man of them enjoy business<br />
prosperity. We have taken up the task of showing how it is done by men who<br />
are on the shady side of Easy Street.<br />
That none may fail to catch the merchandising germ, they are here told something<br />
of what is to come, instead of sending it out unheralded, as the duck lays her<br />
Pfrfr - '<br />
c e>6-<br />
The first article in each issue of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
beginning Friday, August 23 and running for some time to come, will deal with<br />
some phase of placing what you can do for their comfort, convenience and the permanence<br />
of their property, before people so that they have to get you to do it.<br />
The course to be followed will be indicated by direct instruction and by suggestion<br />
so that no man who follows the path can wind up at any other place than where<br />
the profits may be safely deposited.<br />
Ideas on all phases of winning the people and serving them will be presented so<br />
that every man's need will be supplied.<br />
Onlv read and practice to prosper.
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 153<br />
This is the Place to submit your perplexing<br />
problems — the Place to<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
From I. E. S. Blue Hill, Maine.—I have taken<br />
SERVKEWGRATIS<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER for a<br />
long time and have received much assistance from it,<br />
now want to ask a question about I<br />
Water Pipes trouble I am experiencing and request a<br />
Sweat remedy to stop it. I have installed a<br />
pressure tank and an electric pump in<br />
a garage The water comes from the spring and is<br />
very cold. The trouble is the tank, pump and all the<br />
pipes sweat so much that it is keeping the floor very<br />
wet. Now, what I want to know is, how to stop the<br />
sweating, and information will prove a great favor.<br />
ANSWER: TO solve the problem and apply a remedy<br />
for the trouble is to understand its source. At this<br />
season of the year when air is warm it carries a<br />
great deal of moisture, and on a hot humid day, the<br />
air may be as much as 90 per cent saturated. When<br />
warm saturated air comes in contact with a cool surface,<br />
as is exposed in the equipment mentioned, there<br />
is a certainty that the moist air will condense on<br />
that surface. The only way to avoid the copious condensation<br />
under such conditions is to cover the objects<br />
as to prevent their cold condition exerting its influence<br />
on the moist warm air. It is common practice to<br />
cover pipes with 1 in. of hair felt and cover this with<br />
canvas, to keep pipes that are exposed to the air from<br />
sweating. In all probability an installation of a similar<br />
nature will be all that is required here.<br />
At this season such an experience is not uncommon<br />
and the only way to overcome it is to prevent warm<br />
moist air coming in contact with cold surface.<br />
FROM JOHN TROLAND, NORWICH, CONN.—In relation<br />
to the question of "G. P. H." in the" issue of<br />
June 11 who wants an opinion on the<br />
Proper Length proper length of sheets for copperof<br />
Sheets for lined gutters, I wish to say that the<br />
Copper-Lined length of the sheets forming a gutter<br />
Gutters of any metal has nothing to do with<br />
the expansion and contraction of the<br />
same and furnishes no preventive against buckling,<br />
which is the result of expansion and contraction.<br />
A gutter composed of many pieces when locked and<br />
soldered forms a complete whole and is just the same<br />
as if it were all of one piece, without a seam from<br />
end to end. If it were so that there was a giving<br />
way at each joint, the gutter would be worthless.<br />
Architects get theoretical notions on points like this<br />
which are sometimes not so practical as theoretical.<br />
We used to have one in our city who advocated a<br />
theory that all flat tin roofing should be done with<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
sheets of a size 10 x 14 in. This was the old size and<br />
so, when the larger size, 20x11 in. came on the market,<br />
to please this architect we had to cut the sheets<br />
in tYvo. Our argument against him was that the lesser<br />
the number of seams in the roof, the less was the liability<br />
to leaks because the leak is always at the seams.<br />
His argument was the same as this one in Newark,<br />
that the seams provided for expansion and so the<br />
more seams the better. This was his proof and illustration.<br />
He said, that in laying a roof if wide boards<br />
are laid, Yvhen the wood contracts by seasoning, it<br />
produces wide gaping seams, hence narrow boards<br />
are used, the number of seams increased and their<br />
width lessens as a result of contraction.<br />
Any mechanic can see the fallacy of his claim. A<br />
roof or a gutter is not supposed to give at the seams<br />
at all, but as I have said, forms a complete whole and<br />
a gutter constructed of 4-ft. pieces or of 8-ft. pieces<br />
will contract and expand no more and no less than if<br />
it did not have a seam at all but was of one continuous<br />
strip. As a matter of fact, this is an objection to<br />
gutters of copper or zinc. In my experience I have<br />
taken out copper gutters and replaced them with tin<br />
of good quality and made a much better job. The<br />
copper will buckle by the sun's heat and breaks itself.<br />
The tin is less affected in this way and, if kept<br />
painted, will last for years where copper will prove<br />
useless in the same period.<br />
The old copper in a useless gutter, however, is of<br />
more market value than an old bad tin one. The suggestion<br />
of cleating at the seams, whieh would be impossible<br />
in this case, goes for nothing. A gutter has<br />
to be formed from a strip which is already seamed<br />
and soldered before being laid in place. The contractor,<br />
however, should have done the job as directed<br />
by the architect, although he did know better.<br />
NOTE: It is not strange that the experience described<br />
has been incurred during the recent weather,<br />
which has been hot and the air has carried a large<br />
percentage of humidity, or moisture, which would<br />
condense as soon as the warm, moisture-laden air came<br />
in contact with a cold surface. Under such circumstances<br />
there is nothing to do but to prevent the air<br />
from having contact with the surface. This is frequently<br />
accomplished by covering the pipes with one<br />
or two layers of hair felt and enclosing it in a canvas<br />
covering and thus avoiding the contact of the warm,<br />
moist air with the cold piping. It is possible that it<br />
may be satisfactorv to hang a metal trough beneath<br />
the piping and lead the condensation which it catches<br />
to where it can be discharged without annoyance.
154 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
The Editorial Page<br />
Humidity Twice Conspicuous<br />
T H E R E are two periods of the year when humidity<br />
is conspicuous. In the winter season in many<br />
heated homes it is conspicuous by its absence and<br />
at this season of the year when the air is hot and<br />
humid its presence is noted in the sweating of walls<br />
or any other object in which the hot humid air come-<br />
in contact to cause condensation. Because of it many<br />
questions are asked as to how to prevent it, and it<br />
means to cover the whole surface with some insulating<br />
material to prevent the hot humid air getting into con<br />
tact with the cold surfaces. To provide the humidity<br />
in the dry season is something more difficult and there<br />
is need of more attention to its provision and devices<br />
for the purpose than they have as yet had at<br />
the hands of those who are engaged in this field of<br />
industry.<br />
The Rush Season<br />
THE possession of a list of everything a man has<br />
in stock at this season of the year will qualify<br />
him to work off many things that have been on<br />
his hands for some time and turn them into cash. It<br />
will enable him to use them to supply the urgent needs<br />
of customers where otlier supplies may be more ex<br />
acting. He does a double service in supplying his<br />
customers' needs promptly and in turning his dead<br />
stock into live capital.<br />
The delay in shipments because of conditions of<br />
the railroad will make it necessary for a man to have<br />
all his resources at his tongue's end so to speak, so<br />
that whatever needs his customer may have, they can<br />
be satisfied promptly from what he already has on<br />
hand.<br />
It is the season of long evening. Instead of spend<br />
ing them in recreation it would be far better for thc<br />
tradesman, after the day's work is done, to wash up<br />
and rest a half hour or so after the evening meal<br />
and then go into it again. Then things that are out<br />
of sight and out of the way could be put into a con<br />
venient place for immediate use, and at the same time<br />
a list made of them for reference. A man who knows<br />
his stock in this way has something that is equal to<br />
money in the bank.<br />
Can Business Men Show Sportsmanship?<br />
M A Y the best boat win, said Sir Thomas Lip-<br />
ton—and it did. How everv American heart<br />
thrilled at the news, "The Resolute Wins—the<br />
cup stays in America." But not one who felt proud<br />
of our boat who did not add, "But Sir Thomas is certainly<br />
a fine sport." It is well for not only sportsmen<br />
but also business men to pause and take a lesson from<br />
this race—a lesson in persistence and good sports<br />
manship. When a competitor carries off a contract,<br />
secured through the merit of salesmanship, not price,<br />
the average tradesman is prone to lay the blame to<br />
luck or some other underlying cause. He does not<br />
say, "The best man wins," and congratulate his competitor<br />
on his work. How well this spirit of sportsmanship,<br />
demonstrated in the race, could be utilized<br />
in business.<br />
For years Sir Thomas Lipton has dreamed of carrying<br />
the Cup back to Europe. Four times has his<br />
Shamrock traveled across the ocean and four times<br />
returned Yvithout the Cup. But is he discouraged?<br />
Nay, it has only made him more eager to try again.<br />
If the tradesman on the next block carried off a<br />
fourth contract on which the other bid, would the<br />
latter be discouraged or would persistence characterize<br />
his methods? If he will adapt the latter course<br />
and endeavor to discover what makes the other the<br />
better salesman, eventually his efforts will be rewarded.<br />
For he will find that not onh' the best boat,<br />
but the best man wins.<br />
Reminding Customers<br />
IT is not expected that the average house owner<br />
will anticipate his needs Ky having the smoke pipe<br />
to his heating apparatus put in good order, his<br />
range cleaned and the repairs of the fire-box made, so<br />
that he vvill be ready for the winter season. He will<br />
not think of it in the midst of hot weather unless it<br />
is brought to his attention by the tradesman. Under<br />
the circumstances, what greater favor can a tradesman<br />
do to the people of his community than to insert<br />
his card in the local paper or to have cards printed<br />
and mailed to those for whom he has done work, and<br />
all prospective customers ?<br />
Many a house owner is grateful for receiving just<br />
such a reminder so as to procure what is needed while<br />
there is time and not to put it off for the last minute,<br />
causing him'annoyance by delays at a time when<br />
his needs are urgent.<br />
It may be that a man cannot charge for this service.<br />
Nevertheless, it is a valuable service and he gets<br />
his reward for it in the orders which such a reminder<br />
at this season is sure to bring in.
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 155<br />
Provision to Protect Other Interests of Paramount<br />
Importance Prepared by Chamber of Commerce<br />
of the United States<br />
Interest of the Public in Strikes<br />
ORGANIZATION niembers of the Chamber of<br />
Commerce of the United States have been asked<br />
to vote on two recommendations submitted by<br />
the Chamber's Committee on Public Utilities, as<br />
follows:<br />
Strikes by employees of all public service corpora<br />
tions performing public service essential to the lives,<br />
health, well-being and comfort of the people should<br />
be explicitly prohibited by law.<br />
Suitable tribunals should be created by the law to<br />
adjudicate differences between employees of public<br />
service corporations and their employers, and the decisions<br />
of such tribunals should be final and binding<br />
upon both parties.<br />
The subject came before the Chamber from the Mer<br />
chants' Association of New York and the presidents<br />
of the principal business <strong>org</strong>anizations of New York<br />
Citv througn the following statement:<br />
I'or several weeks past the economic and social life of<br />
this nation has been crippled and in part paralyzed by<br />
the enforced cessation of the function of transportation.<br />
Whatever may be said regarding the rights of the employees<br />
in ordinary industrial operation, we are strongly<br />
of the convicition that the arbitrary cessation of labor by<br />
the employees of public utilities is a wrongful attack on the<br />
rights of the entire people, and that such arbitrary cessation<br />
should be made impossible by the enactment of proper<br />
restrictive laws.<br />
The undersigned chief executive officials of the principal<br />
business <strong>org</strong>anizations of the City of New York, respectfully<br />
request that the Chamber of Commerce of the United<br />
States give immediate consideration to this subject with a<br />
view to formulating and declaring the rights of the public<br />
and to promoting legislation suitable to protect the public,<br />
and to prevent further destructive invasion of its rights.<br />
The communication was signed by Alfred E. Mar<br />
ling, president of the Chamber of Commerce of the<br />
State of New York; William Fellows M<strong>org</strong>an, presi<br />
dent, and Lewis E. Pierson, vice-president of the<br />
Merchants' Association; J. Sherlock Davis, president<br />
of the Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce; H Pushae<br />
Williams, president of the Chamber of Commerce of<br />
Queens, and James Breckenbridge, president of tht<br />
Bronx Board of Trade.<br />
The referendum is the thirty-second put to a vote<br />
of the Chamber's membership and will go to more<br />
than 1,300 commercial and trade <strong>org</strong>anizations.<br />
In recommending the proposals for a referendum,<br />
the committee expressed its belief in the following set<br />
of principles:<br />
No corporation or person, individually or collectively may<br />
lawfully or rightfully obstruct or impede the performance<br />
of any duty or obligation of the State or of any agency by<br />
the State for the performance of a public service.<br />
The State is sovereign. Its will is expressed through the<br />
government created by it. That will cannot be given effect<br />
if the servants of the government refuse to obey its behests.<br />
Therefore, no servant of the government has either moral<br />
or legal right to obstruct the lawful processes of the government.<br />
If such assumed right were successfully asserted,<br />
the will of the servant would override the will of the people,<br />
the government would be subverted and the servants would<br />
become the masters.<br />
It is the obligation of the State to protect the lives,<br />
health, security, rights and property of all its people.<br />
These depend upon the uninterrupted operation of the<br />
agencies which provide transportation, water, light, heat,<br />
power, and means of communication. It is therefore the<br />
right of the people that such uninterrupted operation be<br />
guaranteed by the power of the State.<br />
These agencies are created by the State for the performance<br />
of services of a public character; they are devoted<br />
exclusively to the service of the people; they operate by<br />
virtue of public powers delegated to them by the State;<br />
and they are thereby public agencies by the State to perform<br />
public services, indispensable to the well-being, comfort,<br />
security and often to the health and lives of all the<br />
people. The State is, therefore, bound so to exert its<br />
powers as to enable these agencies and instrumentalities<br />
fully and effectively to perform the public purposes which<br />
have been delegated to them.<br />
The immediate result of a strike is to compel the suspension<br />
of the industry against which the strike is directed.<br />
When directed against a public utility it is an invasion of<br />
that which is indispensable to the community.<br />
The effect of a strike against the public utility is to<br />
inflict great harm upon the community. It often entnils<br />
widespread suffering, seriously endangers the public health,<br />
deprives large populations of a sufficiency of food, fuel and<br />
other necessities of life. It deprives the, people of the instrumentality<br />
of commerce, thereby causing widespread suspension<br />
of industry and taking from many tne means of<br />
livelihood; and in many ways inflicts great distress upon all.<br />
We believe it is the duty of the State, by suitable legislation<br />
to protect the people against these dire consequences.<br />
Strikes by employees of public service corporations should<br />
be prohibited by law as conspiracies against the paramount<br />
rights of the public. It is obvious, nowever, that the great<br />
class of employees thus deprived of the power of self-protection<br />
by means of the strike should be otherwise protected<br />
against unjust relations with their employers through<br />
suitable tribunals empowered equitably to adjust differences,<br />
whose findings should be final and supported by due<br />
provision for enforcement.<br />
Tbe recently pending Cummins bill against regulating<br />
railroad transportation contained a provision (adopted by<br />
the Senate, but discarded by the House) which made it<br />
unlawful for any two or more persons, being employed of<br />
any common carrier or carriers, "to enter into any combination<br />
or agreement with the intent substantially to hinder<br />
restrain or prevent the operation of trains or other<br />
facilities of transportation for the movement of commodi.<br />
ties or persons in interstate commerce, or, in pursuance<br />
of any such combination or agreement and with like purpose,<br />
substantially to hinder, restrain or prevent the operation<br />
of trains or other facilities of transportation, etc,<br />
under penalty of a fine of $500 or six months' imprisonment,<br />
or both A similar inhibition was laid against aiding, abbetting<br />
or procuring such interference. The Cummins bill also<br />
contained a provision whereby the employees were protected<br />
against imposition of unjust conditions of labor.<br />
The purpose of these provisions was to prevent the interruption<br />
of service by strikes and compel resor by both<br />
parties to settlement by the legal boards proposed fnr that<br />
PU AVe° S believe that these, or similar provisions should be<br />
made law, not only as to railroads, but as to all public<br />
utilities.
156 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
%- . w<br />
Ilk.<br />
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rA • '"<br />
fi'-f.'-<br />
1&_J. j[ca^:;<br />
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i • _- i »- J ^^S^_^^-_r^. *. »-HP .<br />
OHIO MASTER SHEET METAL CONTRACTORS IN CONVENTION<br />
Meeting in Toledo The Largest in History<br />
Business and Pleasure Delightfully Mixed<br />
^•B^^3fct.;: ii^; |!-~~"<br />
Ohio Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Plan Membership Dr<br />
Munkel New President - J. G. Gerken Honored<br />
BUSINESS and pleasure were delightfully mixed<br />
at the annual convention of the Master Slieet<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Association of Ohio, held in<br />
Hotel Secor, Toledo. July 20-22. Over 200 were<br />
present.<br />
Conditions were found to be similar in various parts<br />
of the State, labor troubles in few, some shortage,<br />
difficulty in getting material and a good volume of<br />
work.<br />
William J. Martin, president of the Toledo local,<br />
introduced Mr. Duer of the city legal department,<br />
who expressed Mayor Schreiber's regrets at being unable<br />
to attend. He welcomed the delegates and told<br />
something of the city's history.<br />
Warren J. Griffith, ex-president of the Toledo<br />
Chamber of Commerce, said that business has been go<br />
ing through a constructive era that will be of lasting<br />
benefit. Getting together makes solution of problems<br />
easier and men learn through mutual counsel and ad<br />
vice. Business success is largely due to the directing<br />
personality and the personal touch more than any-<br />
thnig will help overcome the great lethargy whicli has<br />
come over labor. Real business men manage their<br />
business with fairness, always remembering that there<br />
are two sides to a contract. He asked that every man<br />
use the lessons learned at the meeting.<br />
President John Weigel responded in a few words<br />
and then asked Secretary William J. Kaiser to read a<br />
letter from National Secretary Seabrook regretting his<br />
inability to attend and extending best wishes to the<br />
membership.<br />
At the suggestions of National President A. P.<br />
Lamneck delegates from the different cities were<br />
asked to tell (if business, labor and general conditions<br />
in their districts.<br />
PRESIDENT MARTIN, TOLEDO—New building is of small volume<br />
but we have been kept busy with repair and remodeling<br />
work. Our labor problem is to get good men. Tbe cause<br />
of building inactivity has been blamed to the cement shortage,<br />
high prices of materials and difficulty of getting loans<br />
from banks.<br />
MR. HENSLEE, ZANESVILLE—Labor is our worst difficulty.<br />
Our Chamber of Commerce and Rotary Club have adopted<br />
the open-shop plan, but we do not know yet how it will<br />
work "Mt. The city has been very tight on closed shop<br />
principle especially in building trades. I would like to hear<br />
an expression of opinion on this subject.<br />
II. G. MCGRATH, CLEVELAND—Our Chamber of Commerce<br />
and Builders' Exchange are great boosters and we are doing<br />
a great deal of building, though not quite as much as in the<br />
past two years. We have some very big work and require<br />
a large number of mechanics. However, we have quite a<br />
large number of vacant houses because they were built to<br />
sell and the owners will not rent them. We have had a<br />
plumbers' strike for six weeks and steam fitters are out in<br />
sympathy, demanding $1.50 per hour. My shop is open<br />
plan and it always has been my policv to give a square deal<br />
and so far have had no trouble.<br />
MR. MILLER, DAYTON—There i.s not much new building<br />
and volume of repair work seems to be declining. Material<br />
prices continue high but we have no labor trouble.<br />
MR. DIETZ. CINCINNATI—Everybody is busy going after<br />
neglected repair business.<br />
MR. HOFFMAN, AKRON—Our city is so close to Cleveland<br />
that conditions are the same. We'are a new local and meet<br />
once a week. We have a great many "over night" contractors<br />
and are planning an educational and membership campaign.<br />
MR. MYERS, DOVER—We are short of labor in our city. A<br />
housing plan now under way gives all local contractors a<br />
chance to figure on work and all material possible is bought<br />
in Dover. °<br />
MR. MUNKEL, COLUMBUS—We are doing more work this<br />
year than last. We keep up our <strong>org</strong>anization and have no<br />
labor troubles. We have monthly meetings of employees<br />
and find that by raising ig wages voluntarily oluntarily a much more<br />
cordial relation is established<br />
MR. UUHL, ALLIANCE— All in our city are busy, though<br />
there is no new building.<br />
MR. ARMSTRONG, LONDON—We need a lot of homes, though<br />
nigh material and labor costs are delaying this.<br />
President Weigel appointed an auditing committee<br />
of Mr. Shaw, Zanesville; Mr. Martin, Toledo; Mr.<br />
Dietz, Cincinnati, and then announced a board of<br />
directors' meeting for 8.30 Wednesday morning.<br />
President Weigel made his report the first matter<br />
.
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMRER AND STEAM FITTER 157<br />
of business Wednesday morning. A good increase in register wliile in steam or hot water job there is no<br />
membership was sliown in the report of argument. By tact they can exert sufficient influence<br />
Wednesday Secretary William J. Kaiser. It is now to place the furnace and the register in places where<br />
Morning 253. The association is in good financial thy will give the most efficient service. Furnace men<br />
Session condition. Treasurer W. J. Birming should realize in planning and selling jobs that inham<br />
reported a good balance in hand stallation is of greatest importance and data now be<br />
and the report was accepted-<br />
ing developed at University of Illinois will be great<br />
W. E. Lamneck said that no important matters est benefit when applied practically and accurately.<br />
came before the legislative committee during the year A rising vote of thanks was given to Mr. Lamneck<br />
so reported progress. He also reported for the mem and Mr. Taylorbership<br />
committee that its campaign had increased the The question box was opened and variety of topics<br />
individual membership from 9 to 37.<br />
discussed.<br />
The auditing committee reported it had the books A motion on the advisability of having a paid sec<br />
correct.<br />
retary was referred to the board of directors for neces<br />
A. E. Munkel, Columbus, spoke on shop cards to sary action.<br />
keep track of all orders to avoid financial loss. A The following officers were unanimously elected:<br />
standard system will be of great assistance and elim A. E. Munkel, Columbus, Ohio, President; j. D. Gerinate<br />
much bookkeeping.<br />
kin, Toledo, Ohio, Vice-President; W. J. Kaiser, Co<br />
A card system applicable to any business was lumbus, Ohio, Secretary; W. J- Birmingham, Cleve<br />
adopted on motion.<br />
land, Ohio, Treasurer; Directors for year—L. W.<br />
National President A- P. Lamneck spoke on or Henslee, Zanesville; Ge<strong>org</strong>e Teshmacher, Cleveland;<br />
ganization and suggested that the solution for increas W. E. Lamneck, Columbus; M. B. Armstrong, Loning<br />
membership was consistant effort. Choose a man don; William Stechow, Cincinnati, and William Miller,<br />
with ability, who knows the business, pay him com- Dayton.<br />
mensurately and let him devote all his time to <strong>org</strong>an Dayton will be the meeting place next year.<br />
ization work. After <strong>org</strong>anization is built up the The Toledo local association and the ladies were<br />
secretary might publish a bulletin to aid in counteract given a rising vote of thanks for the splendid hosing<br />
any detrimental propaganda whicli was against pitality. Votes of thanks were given to the local and<br />
the business and public good. He explained a system trade press, to the hotel management and to all who<br />
of overhead figuring, illustrating it as used with a worked for the success of the conventionfurnace<br />
job.<br />
Mrs. W. E. Miller, Dayton, thanked the local ladies<br />
J. C. Greenberg, Peoria, 111., told what was neces on behalf of the visitors and invited all to Dayton<br />
sary to be a good salesman and business man. Every in 1921.<br />
one has something to sell—a thing, an idea or a serv The meeting adjourned with tliree cheers for Retirice.<br />
He demonstrated that a business has four parts ing President John Weigel.<br />
—executive, financial, productive and sales—and that Every day had a new pleasure for the visitors, for<br />
many men of trade tried to be the whole works. He the energetic committee headed by John Gerken, was<br />
said that the buying public must be appealed to with right on the job at all times. Tuesday afternoon at<br />
quality ond reliability and explained how its con<br />
4.30 o'clock 30 automobiles took the<br />
fidence could be built up and what bearing proper Entertainment visitors on a 25-mile drive through<br />
business conduct had on the success of the businessthe<br />
city. At the art museum the con<br />
When confidence has been established, interest is the vention picture was taken and then all returned for<br />
next thing to be created. When the person is made to<br />
an excellent banquet and entertainment in the rooms<br />
appreciate the article a desire has been established.<br />
of the Chamber of Commerce. At 10 o'clock Mrs.<br />
Then comes action and the order. He pointed out<br />
Gerken and Mrs. Schmidlin escorted the ladies on a<br />
that the more a man knows about his business, the<br />
shoping tour and then to a luncheon at La Salle &<br />
greater will be his success.<br />
Koch's.<br />
In the afternoon the entire party boarded the<br />
The Thursday morning session was opened with an<br />
<strong>Steam</strong>er Greyhound for a sail to Sugar Island. Cards<br />
address on Workmen's Compensation by J. H. Lam<br />
and dancing and the breeze were enjoyed. The reneck<br />
of Industrial Commission of Ohio. He gave a<br />
turn was made on the City of Toledo, on which supper<br />
brief outline of the history of compensation laws,<br />
explained Ohio's law and cited cases of its applica<br />
was served.<br />
tion to industrial plants and contracting businesses.<br />
The firm of Orton & Ault, Wadsworth, was announced<br />
as a new individual member.<br />
The topic of Furnace Installation was discussed by<br />
R- E. Taylor, who pointed out that the biggest item in<br />
success of furnace heating was proper installation.<br />
The furnace is only about 25 per cent, of the plant.<br />
He told of the air movement and the proper placing<br />
of registers to have adequate circulation. He said<br />
that return ducts must be placed to drain house so<br />
heated air can come in and urged members to talk<br />
service of installation and not too much on just the<br />
furnace. Furnace men run into difficulty with people<br />
who do not always like the position selected for the<br />
Convention Notes<br />
Dayton delegates made everybody boosters for their<br />
city for the convention in 1921 and decorated the<br />
meeting room with Dayton banners.<br />
Cleveland came down with a flock of automobiles<br />
and 25 members, the largest delegation.<br />
Columbus came in force headed by National President<br />
A. P. Lamneck. Cincinnati was on the job and<br />
Zanesville had a 100 per cent, attendance.<br />
Frank Ederle, Grand Rapids, secretary of the Michigan<br />
association, was an interested visitor.<br />
A knife sharpener was a handy souvenir given by
158 METAL WORKER, PLUMRER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30. 1920<br />
J. Heartley, the Heartley Machine, Variety Iron &<br />
Tool Works, Toledo.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Meyers, Perfection Furnace Pipe Co., Toledo,<br />
says see Professor Willard about double wall<br />
stack.<br />
Frank Hoersting, Dayton, his wife and daughter<br />
and Mr. and Mrs. Holtman left for a visit to Niagara<br />
Falls, N. Y.j and Cedar Point, Ohio.<br />
A straw vote taken showed Harding most popular,<br />
Cox second and one vote for Frank Hoersting of Dayton.<br />
Ohioans all.<br />
R. C. Dean, International Heater Co., Cleveland,<br />
attended the Ohio convention and then started for a<br />
vacation in Michigan accompanied by his wife and<br />
daughter.<br />
E. N. Rowley, Follensbee Bros. Co., came down<br />
from Detroit to see his Ohio friends.<br />
A. W. Howe and J. G. Heninger, J. M. & L. A. Osborn,<br />
Cleveland, Ohio, had ballons for everybody on<br />
the trip to Sugar Island.<br />
W. M. Huffman, Canton Art <strong>Metal</strong> Co., Canton,<br />
saw many new and old friends.<br />
A. L. Nebel, Nebel Mfg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio, entertained<br />
the ladies at all times.<br />
Jhon Vogeli, John Gerken, M. B. Armstrong and<br />
B. Brazier were the dancing masters on the good<br />
ship Greyhound.<br />
O. E. Jennings and J. Pietre, Michigan Stove Co.,<br />
found many friends at the meetings.<br />
A handy key ring and holder was given to all by<br />
W. E. Lamneck Co., Columbus.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Auer, the Auer Register Co., had his nephew<br />
with him.<br />
Louis Kahn, 6th City Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Works, Cleveland,<br />
drove over with his wife and two daughters.<br />
R. E. Taylor, Fox Furnace Co., Elyria, Ohio, talked<br />
on proper furnace installation at the Thursday session.<br />
Thomas I. Peacock, Grand Rapids, R. J. Schwab &<br />
Sons Co., had a "Giltedge" time.<br />
A most enjoyable luncheon was given by the Lamneck<br />
brothers, A. P. and W. E., at the close of the<br />
convention. Twenty-one sat down, including Mr. and<br />
Mrs. Munkell, Mr. and Mrs. Taylor, Mr. and Mrs.<br />
Brazier, Mr. and Mrs. Vogeli, Mr. and Mrs. Christian,<br />
Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong, Frank Hiller, J. Kinsner,'<br />
J. H. Lamneck, J. C. Greenberg, and the trade press<br />
representatives, Miss E. Cohen, The American Artisan<br />
and A. V. Hutchinson, METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
STEAM FITTER.<br />
enced difficulties in securing plumbing and heating material,<br />
asking him to secure necessary relief, we believe it<br />
will bring productive results; on the other hand, if this office<br />
can be of assistance to you in any special instance, please<br />
command us.<br />
News of the<br />
TRADE ASSOCIATIONS<br />
The New Executive Clerk<br />
T 1 HE first step taken by D. F. Durkin, Jr., on his<br />
election to the presidency of the National Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s was to find a young man to<br />
serve the association as its executive clerk. His purpose<br />
was to find the man of the right qualifications<br />
who might well look forward to familiarizing himself<br />
with every detail of service required and learning<br />
under Mr. Durkin the policy of the association. Then<br />
he would know the course that must be pursued for a<br />
period of years to keep it abreast of the times and to<br />
render it of greatest value to the membership and thus<br />
be prepared to continue the service.<br />
Mr. Durkin was fortunate in securing John F. Whitaker,<br />
who, after graduating from the high school at<br />
Shenandoah, Pa., also gradu- [<br />
ated from the Pierce Business<br />
College and spent one<br />
year at the Villa Nova College.<br />
After his education, Mr.<br />
Whitaker spent three years<br />
with the Philadelphia Electric<br />
Co. as a bookkeeper and<br />
two years and a half with<br />
the Government in tbe capacity<br />
of Deputy Collector of<br />
Internal Revenue.<br />
In the practical field he<br />
spent three years with the<br />
Philadelphia" & Reading<br />
Coal & Ir ron engineering corps<br />
THE<br />
JOHN<br />
NEW EXECUTIVE-<br />
CLERK.<br />
1-'. Win TAKER<br />
These are the qualifications and this is the experience<br />
which Mr. Whitaker brings to the National Association<br />
in taking up the work of executive clerk,<br />
New York Freight Shipments<br />
which is exacting both as to keeping its financial accounts<br />
with the different associations and members<br />
The interests of the members of the Eastern Supplv and in the correspondence covering a wide variety of<br />
Association on New York Shipments have been cared interest as well as subjects.<br />
for as is made clear in the following letter from Secretary<br />
Frank S. Hanley to the members:<br />
Mr. Durkin is fortunate in having as his secretary<br />
Mr. J. C. Lincoln, manager, traffic bureau, of the Mer Ge<strong>org</strong>e F. Uber, who has had previous experience in<br />
chants' Association of New York, 233 Broadway, New York the same capacity. Under these two men Mr. Whit<br />
City, was written to in reference to the expediting of plumbing<br />
New<br />
and<br />
York.<br />
heating material to, from and through the Port of<br />
aker will be developed so that should he and the next<br />
administration desire, there is no reason why he should<br />
Mr. Lincoln oln suggests that we get in touch with B. C. Craig, not develop valuable qualifications to serve several fu<br />
chairman of the Special Terminal Committee, appointed ture administrations in the same capacity.<br />
by the Interstate Commerce Commission, to expedite the<br />
movement of freight in this vicinity.<br />
Mr. Craig's committee is located at 49 Lafayette Street,<br />
New York City. If you will get in touch with Mr, Craig<br />
direct, citing specific instances in which you have experi<br />
Mr. Whittaker will be found in the headquarters of<br />
the association at 108 South Twentieth Street, Philadelphia,<br />
ever ready to respond to the requirements of<br />
the general membership.
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 159<br />
H. M. ALGEO,<br />
WILLIAM THOMPSON<br />
AND H. E. HARPER<br />
Third Tournament of Western Golfers<br />
L 11 ER PICTURE—FRANK KAULHACK, M.<br />
CZARNIECKI AND T. WHITNEY<br />
I OWER PICTURE—L. C HUCKINS. M. J. CZAR<br />
NIECKI, PETER MUNN, HAROLD CROSS,<br />
HARRY BOOTH AND T. WHITNEY<br />
T. WHITNEY, DUBUQUE.<br />
BRUCE FULTON, CHICAGO.<br />
LEW JENKS, CHICAGO<br />
PETER FRYE. MINNEAPOLIS.<br />
MORNING QUALIFYING ROUND<br />
M. J. Czarniecki 44<br />
Barbecue and Golf Meet of the Western Trade Golf Asso C. H. Bishop<br />
T. J. Cusack<br />
ciation, July 20, at Harlem, 111.<br />
S. L. Wright<br />
G. Shutcroft<br />
The Western Trade Golf Association staged the H. N. Booth<br />
third tournament of the year at Harlem Golf Club, A. S. Lindeblad<br />
Harlem, 111, on Tuesday, July 20, with ideal weather<br />
Peter Munn<br />
W. Wickersham<br />
and a record-breaking attendance.<br />
E. W. Sanborn<br />
The tournament was under the personal manage C. C. Todd<br />
L. B. Fulton<br />
ment of Bill Bvrd and attracted no doubt by the an H. B. Whitney<br />
nouncement of'a barbecue 80 members and guests C. R. Elliott<br />
came out to participate in this unusual and enjoyable H. A. Cross<br />
F. S. Crumley<br />
feature. Even then not all in attendance took part m<br />
Wm. Thompson<br />
the golf tournament, which kept Captain E. W. San F. S. Kaulback<br />
born busy.<br />
H. Craig<br />
T. P. Wade<br />
The large number of sixteen foursomes competed Henrv O'Callaghan<br />
for the flight prizes, special prizes of the officers, the Charles Herbert<br />
season trophies of the <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Trade Journal, Do John Keeley<br />
H. M. Hurd<br />
mestic Engineering and METAL WORKER, PLUMBER<br />
A. H. Lorenger<br />
AND STEAM FITTER, and also for the new Association L. R. Taylor<br />
46<br />
54<br />
55<br />
' 58<br />
' 54<br />
' -g<br />
' 46<br />
' 4g<br />
' 4-<br />
54<br />
' 47<br />
' 47<br />
' 5?<br />
' 47<br />
' 69<br />
43<br />
45<br />
\7<br />
44<br />
' 42<br />
' ' " ' 46<br />
48<br />
59<br />
38<br />
" ' ' 47<br />
Cup.<br />
Tom Barnes of Mansfield, Ohio,was first to have the<br />
D. E. McCabe<br />
J. P. Dugger<br />
Harry Algeo<br />
' ' ' ' 54<br />
" 59<br />
' 55<br />
honor of having his name inscribed on this trophy. H. E. Harper ' 52<br />
Tom had won the cup at the meet of the association at<br />
Olympia Fields Country Club on June 30.<br />
G. J. Meyer<br />
R. A. Griffin<br />
P. J. Frey '<br />
' 70<br />
55<br />
47<br />
There were many close contenders for the association<br />
prize on the fast course, and the honor was divided<br />
between E. J. Ewing and Thomas P. Wade of<br />
Paul Blatchford<br />
Dr. Roberts<br />
L. C. Huckins<br />
H. Shaw<br />
' ' ' 47<br />
' ' ' 51<br />
'45<br />
;' 52<br />
Chicago, who each made a score of 63 net for the 18<br />
holes. With a 16 handicap, Mr. Ewing shot an excellent<br />
game. His gross was 79 or just 8 above par<br />
R. Collins<br />
H. M. Hart<br />
D. Cleveland<br />
O. Agricola<br />
47<br />
44<br />
' 74<br />
''".'.'. . 43<br />
for the course. Tom Wade made the lowest score he W. J. Raymer go<br />
has ever made on any course, with a handicap of 25 ;<br />
had an 88 gross for the 18 holes. The next meet will<br />
W. E. McCollum<br />
H. E. Keeler<br />
Roy Andrews<br />
' 51<br />
' ' ' ' 47<br />
' 55<br />
see the tie played off.<br />
H. Evans .60<br />
The best of some exceptionally good scores were<br />
S. A. Witt<br />
L. E. Wallace<br />
48<br />
51<br />
C. J. Swan 43<br />
D. M. F<strong>org</strong>an<br />
R. C. Flinder<br />
M. Weil<br />
4S<br />
'.'..'.'. 56<br />
' .76<br />
B. E. Weil L. C. Garrity Murray<br />
' ..56 48
160 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
made in the morning was that of L. R. Taylor, who<br />
shot a 3cS. How that boy can drive! Charles P.<br />
Herbert with a 12 and Frank S. Kaulback, W. J.<br />
Rayiner and D. M. M<strong>org</strong>an each made a fine •__.<br />
Fifty-five members and guests took part in the<br />
morning qualifying round and 6-1 in the afternoon<br />
play.<br />
The guest prize, a silver medal fob of the association,<br />
was won by D. Cleveland with a net of 61. The<br />
Duffer's Cup was won by W. M. Thompson with a<br />
net score of 105.<br />
AFTERNOON FLIGHT IN FOURSOMES<br />
First Flight Gross H'dicap Net<br />
F. S. Crumley (winnerl 99 UO 69<br />
F. J. Cusack 101 30 71<br />
L. R. Taylor S6 12 74<br />
C. C. Todd<br />
Second Flight<br />
107 30 77<br />
M. J. Czarniecki (winner) SS 19 69<br />
H. E. Whitney 94 28 66<br />
C. H. Bishop 91 22 69<br />
F. S\ Kaulback<br />
Third Flight<br />
96 20 76<br />
I>. E. McCabe (winner) 93 21 72<br />
Lir. Roberts 96 22 74<br />
Paul Blatchford H4 19 75<br />
L. M. Butler 96 20 76<br />
W. Wickersham<br />
Fourth Flight<br />
(winner) 90 15 75<br />
J. P. Dugger 103 25 7S<br />
A. S. Lindeblad 108 30 7S<br />
G J. Meyer 112 30 82<br />
Fifth Flight<br />
L. P. Fulton (winner) 102 28 73<br />
P. J. Frey 105 30 75<br />
G. Shutcroft 115 30 S5<br />
S. L. Wright<br />
Sixth F'ight<br />
112 26 iO<br />
H \Y Booth (winner) 108 S» 73<br />
L. L. Huckins 9d 21 75<br />
II. A. Cross 10b SO 76<br />
Peter Munn 10. 30 79<br />
W. E. McColltn<br />
Seventh Flight<br />
(winner) ^ 30 s°<br />
H. M. Algeo<br />
H. E. Harper<br />
:j4<br />
]30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
S4<br />
100<br />
\\ m. Thompson<br />
Eighth Flight<br />
135 30 105<br />
E. J. Ewing (winner) 7!) 16 6?<br />
C. M. Shell-ill H16 ::,, 7J;<br />
F. I'. Keeney<br />
J. F. Carroll<br />
Ninth Flight<br />
116<br />
10"<br />
30<br />
16<br />
86<br />
S6<br />
H. M. Hart (winner) 95 °6 69<br />
D. Cleveland 85 24 61<br />
W. J. Raymer 96 is 77<br />
C. I:. Elliott<br />
Tenth Flight<br />
ior, 96 At<br />
H. Craig (winner) 87 js gr,<br />
H. E. Keeler 95 -,, -,<br />
H. Shaw SS 12 7B<br />
H. M. Hurd<br />
Eleventh Flight<br />
96 18 7s<br />
C. S\ Stringer (winner)<br />
A. E. Stringer<br />
94<br />
99<br />
09<br />
3^<br />
6-<br />
-,„<br />
A. Collins<br />
A. H. Lorenger<br />
Twelfth Flight<br />
94<br />
116<br />
,0<br />
3n<br />
2j<br />
A<br />
L. E. Wallace (winner! 89 22 67<br />
I). M. F<strong>org</strong>an gg ^ g 7.,<br />
A. (_'. Flinder<br />
C. J. Swan<br />
\ 97<br />
106<br />
Thirteenth Flight<br />
:1<br />
25<br />
75<br />
Sl<br />
T. I'. Wade (winner) SS 25 63<br />
John Keelev<br />
H. MV-d lag-nan '"<br />
91<br />
90<br />
.fi<br />
on<br />
A<br />
S<br />
C. P. Herbert A AAA.<br />
Fourteenth Flight<br />
92 16 76<br />
E. J. Claffey (winncri 96 "5 71<br />
K. L. Bortner ' 90 .„ A„<br />
R. L. Ottke .'A. 85 12 73<br />
•I. R. Andrews 93 ,.Q A<br />
Fifteenth Flight<br />
H. \\ . Rvans (winner)<br />
S. A. Witt<br />
101<br />
04<br />
•«<br />
ll<br />
71<br />
l\<br />
J- A. Cook n5 g° H<br />
O. Agricola 13] 30 »?<br />
B. I;. Weil L. Murray (winner) Sixteenth Flight ;;• „fi 87 A 01 l e The for which The M. E- C Weil members the lamb Bill r occasion .rritv and Byrd who pig .. had enjoyed which worked been had the preparing up been barbecue a good roasted all . appetite HJ [ after afternoon. 7 under the \l jjj a play \l f .<br />
slow fire was cut up and served with some Mexican<br />
pepper and a combination salad and made a delicious<br />
meal. Joe Carroll furnished home-made beer and<br />
proved a very popular thirst quencher. An exciting<br />
African golf game was in progress before and after<br />
the meal.<br />
The barbecue and golf tournament was a great success,<br />
and as an evidence of their appreciation the members<br />
unanimousl}' extended a vote of thanks to Bill<br />
Byrd and also to Joe Carroll for their able assistance<br />
in rendering the day one of the most enjoyable in the<br />
history of the Western Trade Golf Association.<br />
Sanitary Engineering Society for<br />
Standardization<br />
Members Urged to Be Present at Meeting in<br />
St. Louis. Sept. 7. 8 and 9<br />
Members of the American Society of Sanitary Engineering.<br />
8 East Chestnut Street, Columbus, Ohio, are<br />
receiving under the date of July 16 the following<br />
letter:<br />
You are interested in standardization. You know that the<br />
standardization of plunibing and plumbing materials will be<br />
beneficial to your city. You can assist a movement that requires<br />
service, self-sacrifice and co-operation. We know<br />
that thousands of dollars can be saved through the standardization<br />
of plumbing and plumbing materials without destroying<br />
thc efficiency of the system.<br />
Standardization will aid production. Standaraization will<br />
assist in solving the housing problem. Standardization will<br />
divert temporary into permanent labor production. Standardization<br />
will stimulate building operations. Standardization<br />
will eliminate waste. Standardization will minimize<br />
repairs. Standardization will simplify installation. Standardization<br />
will assist in fair competition. Standardization<br />
will give opportunity for uniform and equal application<br />
and enforcement of sanitary laws. Standardization will<br />
help make tlie world sanitary for humanity.<br />
If you believe in standardization vou should be present<br />
at our St. Louis meeting, Sept. 7, . and 9, to advise, assist<br />
and give constructive criticisms upon the work contemplated<br />
\ou realize how important a task we have undertaken and<br />
how much wc need your support. Every state and city are<br />
equally concerned. Write us by return mail so we may<br />
Yours very truly,<br />
ADEN E. SMITH,<br />
,,. _ „ A. E. Smith, Secretary.<br />
\\ ILLIAM C. GROENIGER, President,<br />
8 East Chestnut Street,<br />
Columbus. Ohio.<br />
Toledo <strong>Plumber</strong>s' and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Outing<br />
The Toledo <strong>Plumber</strong>s and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s'^Associahon<br />
will hold its annual outing at Sugar Island Aug.<br />
r-t . V 1 ,* .T_ be a " all " da -<br />
Lity of loledo has been chartered.<br />
Bayonne <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Outing<br />
To Be Held at Midland Park on Aug. 21<br />
The Bayonne Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' annual outing and<br />
games will be held at Midland Park, Grant City,<br />
Staten Island, on Saturday, Aug. 21, 1920. The fol-<br />
Tu.L_.isT SCnt ,. the members and *he trade:<br />
Automobiles to assemble at 9 a. m. corner Thirty first<br />
a Pietr' U,e tf' The 3Ut T 0biIe dde t0 *he P-k is<br />
W wan. f,l nery a '° n e the famous Hudson.<br />
vve want you to meet the men who are givine their time<br />
suppo °_U a n nd thC '"H'^ 5 : ° f a "' 3nd ° f the ^e s ha<br />
the work Pe *° gain y0Ur interest a "d labor In<br />
We want especially all master plumbers to have the op-<br />
v affai
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 161<br />
portunity which we expect to be afforded at this outing,<br />
of meeting and knowing our newly elected State officers of<br />
the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Assoeiation of New Jersey.<br />
The day promises to be a profitable and pleasant one for<br />
all who attend, and we trust that you will be with us.<br />
Kindly make returns payable to E. Meade, Treasurer,<br />
156 Humphrey Avenue, Bayonne, N. J.<br />
Remember the date, Saturday, Aug. 21, 1920.<br />
JAMES LOOMIS,<br />
Secretary of Committee.<br />
N. B.—To the Supply Houses: Our association would<br />
greatly appreciate a gift from you, which will be donated<br />
to the lucky winners of the various games.<br />
Maine Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
Annual Outing and Field Day to Be Held at Riverton Park,<br />
Aug. 16<br />
At a recent meeting of the executive committee of<br />
his Maine Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s association<br />
presided over by Vice-president E. A. Wheeler, Port<br />
land, Me., it was decided to hold the annual field<br />
day and outing of the association at Riverton Park.<br />
Monday, Aug. 16.<br />
Riverton is one of Portland's suburban trolley<br />
resorts located on the Presumpscott River and parti<br />
cularly well situated for the entertainment .and en<br />
joyment of men, women and children.<br />
Researcb Work For the Trade<br />
Brief Descriptions of Certain Trade Staffs, Work and Equip<br />
ment<br />
There is great value in the facts discovered by pa<br />
tient search by liighly trained experts and all the<br />
trades benefit. Few who are engaged in construction<br />
work in our fields realize that scienists are continually<br />
at work for benefit to tliese industries and much that<br />
tiie average man has to make a guess on what has<br />
been determined so no risk is necessary. All that many<br />
men could use to advantage may be had by simply<br />
asking for it. In the Bulletin of the National Re<br />
search Council there is a classified list of some three<br />
hundred laboratories in industrial establishments in<br />
the United States from which the following of direct<br />
interest to our readers have been taken:<br />
AMERICAN SHEET & TIN PLATE Co., 210 Semple Street,<br />
Pittsburgh, Pa.<br />
Research staff: R. E. Zimmerman, 9 chemical engineers,<br />
2 chemists, 1 physicist, 1 metallurgist.<br />
Research work: Full time of 14 on chemical engineering<br />
problems relating to the manufacture of sheet steel, tin<br />
plate and galvanized sheets; metallurgy, metallography and<br />
pyrometry as applied to these manufacturing processes.<br />
INLAND STEEL CO., Indiana Harbor, Ind.<br />
Research staff: J. C. Dickson, 29 chemists and .5 chemical<br />
engineers.<br />
Research work: Full time of _ and part time of 30 on<br />
problems connected with steel industry.<br />
Unusual equipment: FUectric and gas furnaces, physical<br />
testing machines.<br />
XATIONAL TUBE Co., Frick Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. Manufactures<br />
steel and iron tubes and pipes.<br />
Research staff: F. N. Speller and 6 to 8 men.<br />
Research work: Full time of staff on corrosion of iron<br />
and steel under water.<br />
Unusual equipment: <strong>Metal</strong>lographic apparatus and physical<br />
testing machines of (dl kinds.<br />
XEW JERSEY ZINC Co., 160 Front Street, New York, N. Y.<br />
Research staff: J. A. Singmaster, 25 chemists, 5 physicists<br />
and 50 assistants.<br />
Research work: Full time of 81 on chemical investigations<br />
connected with metallurgy of zinc manufacture and utilization<br />
of sulphuric acid and production and properties of<br />
worked metallic zinc in shape of sheets, rods, tubes, etc.; also<br />
manufacture and use of zinc oxidei n rubber and paint industries.<br />
PREST-O-LITI: Co., INC., Indianapolis, Ind. Manufactures<br />
storage battaries; deep drawn seamless steel shells and cylinders;<br />
dissolved acetylene for lighting, welding and cutting.<br />
Research staff: ,T. H. Naiden, 2 trained research workers<br />
and 10 laboratory workers.<br />
Research work: Practically full time of 3 on problems<br />
connected with the industry, chiefly relating to storage<br />
batteries.<br />
Unusual equipment: Motor generator set; alternating<br />
current equipment for testing electrical machinery; well<br />
equipped with portable electrical apparatus; battery experimental<br />
room; 2-ton ice machine fore ooling box 20x10<br />
ft at 60 deg. Fahr. continuously; storage battery research<br />
room.<br />
The headquarters of the Council are at 1201 Six<br />
teenth Street, Washington, D. C, and any concern<br />
wliich is not listed is requested to inform the Council.<br />
CURRENT NOTES of<br />
ALL THE TRADES<br />
SHEET METAL AND FURNACE IN<br />
DUSTRY<br />
JOHN D. GREEN, vice-president of Rathbone-Sard Co.,<br />
in a letter states that he is in Aurora, 111., looking<br />
after the interests of the Acorn line of stoves and<br />
ranges and in all probability will be in Aurora for<br />
some time to come.<br />
ANNOUNCEMENT Is MAOE BY THE BROWN-WALES CO.,<br />
Boston, Mass., that a new edition of its steel hand<br />
brakes has just come in and they are ready for<br />
distribution. If any sheet metal tradesman has<br />
not received a copy in the near future, he should<br />
apprise the company of the fact.<br />
THOSE WHO DESIRE TO CHANGE the style of their<br />
automobile body will be interested in the statement<br />
that the Kuempel Co. Guttenberg, Iowa, can fur<br />
nish the Red-I-Kut, large size printed paper pat<br />
tern of parts of the body with simple instructions<br />
covering the production of a body. Three types of<br />
sport bodies have been standardized for the Ford<br />
machine. Correspondence with the company will<br />
secure instructive circulars bearing on this matter.<br />
MEN WHO MAKE A SPECIALTY of furnace work are<br />
receiving from R. J. Schwab & Sons Co. a form let<br />
ter to be used urging people to have tlieir furnaces<br />
cleaned and put in first-class shape for the winter<br />
at the earliest possible moment. They are also fur<br />
nishing a sign for hanging in front of establish<br />
ments: "Now is the time to clean and repair your<br />
furnace. Let us do it."
162 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
Angle and Pipe Bending Machines<br />
The angle bending machine shown in the accompanying<br />
illustration is manufactured by the Wallace<br />
Supplies Mfg. Co., 412 Orleans Street, Chicago, and<br />
is for bending angles, channels, tees, rounds, square,<br />
square twisted, special section and flat bars on edge.<br />
A machine similar in appearance is for bending pipe<br />
or tubing up to 2-in. size (2.375 in. outside diameter.)<br />
The material to be bent is clamped to the head or<br />
form, the form being machined to suit the section of<br />
material. Angels can be bent either with the web of<br />
angles on the inside or the outside of the circle. A<br />
follower bar operates between the rollers and the material<br />
and is machined to suit the section of the material.<br />
The roller bracket for the follower bar is adjustable<br />
to and from the center, with a range to admit<br />
of the use of forms as large as 50 in. in diameter. Machines<br />
with greater adjustment can be furnished when<br />
ANGLE BENDING MACHINE<br />
required. A U-shaped clamping plate holds angles to<br />
the follower bar and prevents distortion of the angle<br />
iron. It is explained that the clamp can be quickly<br />
applied and removed.<br />
The machine is operated by a lever engaging a friction<br />
clutch pulley for forward and reverse and is<br />
equipped with adjustable stops to automatically disengage<br />
the clutch when the bend is completed; also,<br />
to disengage the clutch from reverse when rollers have<br />
returned to the starting position. The stops are ad<br />
justable to suit any degree of angle required. The<br />
heads or forms are not standard but are made to suit<br />
the customers' requirements.<br />
The illustration shows the machine equipped with<br />
dies suitable for bending angle iron, with the web of<br />
angle which is in the horizontal plane to be bent to the<br />
inside of the circle. Samples of work bent up are also<br />
shown.<br />
Four forming heads are furnished with the pipe<br />
bending machine for bending pipe to a radius of 90<br />
deg. or less as follows: 1 in. iron pipe to 6 in. radius,<br />
ll/4 in. pipe to 9 in. radius, ll/2 in. pipe to 12 in.<br />
radius and 2 in. pipe to 14 in. radius. The bends can<br />
be made cold and without the use of an inside follower<br />
or floating mandrel. Special forms and inside follower<br />
bars can be supplied to suit special requirements.<br />
The pipe is secured to the form by a strap and both<br />
the outside follower and the form are grooved with the<br />
proper clearance to secure the best results. It is explained<br />
that the outside follower bar operates between<br />
the tube and roller instead of the roller working di<br />
rectly on the tube thus to support the tube for a<br />
greater distance and eliminate the depression which<br />
sometimes shows on the tube when the roller operates<br />
directly on the material.<br />
England Depends Upon America for Zinc<br />
According to H. M. Ridge, of London, an authority<br />
on the European zinc industry, Great Britain will be<br />
dependent upon American zinc for some time to come.<br />
He pointed out that the world's slab zinc production<br />
last year was 520,000 tons, including 410,000 tons in<br />
the United States, but only about 20,000 tons in<br />
Great Britain, where output has been limited by ore<br />
shortage and labor troubles. Production in America<br />
is satisfactory, but Belgium is producing only 6,500<br />
tons a month, or 39 per cent, of the pre-war output;<br />
Germany, 3,500 tons, or 14 per cent., and Great<br />
Britain, 2,000 tons, or 40 per cent.<br />
Owing to the necessity of preference being given<br />
to the shipment of foodstuffs, wool and other essential<br />
commodities, zinc ore is being shut out, and there<br />
seems no prospect of the British on Belgium works<br />
being able to run their furnaces at full capacity in<br />
the near future.<br />
If we are to become independent of foreign supplies<br />
of slab zinc, the extension of existing plans and<br />
the erection of new works are necessary. During the<br />
war zinc smelting was classified as one of the important<br />
key industries, but no steps have yet been taken<br />
to make the country self-supporting, even though ample<br />
supplies for ore are available within the empire.<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
THE BASTIAN-MORLEY CO., Laporte, Ind., has for<br />
distribution by high grade plumbers a very forceful<br />
and well gotten up folder illustrating and explaining<br />
the B-M Combined Range Boiler and Tank<br />
Heater. For plumbers, who will push this line,<br />
they are imprinting them free of charge. The<br />
folder is designed for counter distribution in the<br />
plumbing shops, and when opened out forms a<br />
catchy wall hanger. This interest and co-operation<br />
with the plumber deserves the support of the<br />
trade as it means better business for all.<br />
THE JULY PRICE GUIOE of plumbing, heating and<br />
goods, and slieet metal issued by Brown-Wales<br />
Co., Boston, Mass., shows a universal discount<br />
on all the goods except soil pipe and fittings which<br />
carries an extra 10 per cent. The catalog shows<br />
an extensive variety of the things which the plumbing<br />
and heating contractor is daily using and the<br />
line of sheet metal is equally far reaching in its<br />
extent.<br />
Cause of Explosion<br />
The explosion of a motorboat tank he was soldering<br />
rendered Frank W. Miller, a Saranac Lake<br />
plumber and tinsmith, unconscious, badly cut him<br />
about the face and head and knocked out nearly<br />
every tooth. An investigation of the accident gives<br />
the belief that there was a small quantity of gasoline<br />
left in the motorboat tank, or at least some<br />
fumes still remained. These became ignited from<br />
the heat of the soldering torch and resulted in the<br />
explosion.
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 163<br />
New Collapsible F<strong>org</strong>e<br />
The Wright Bros. Boiler & Machine Co., Ranger,<br />
Texas, has developed a new collapsible or "breakdown"<br />
f<strong>org</strong>e that is coming into extensive use in the<br />
Southwestern oil fields. The f<strong>org</strong>e is designed for<br />
oil field tool workers, who find portable equipment<br />
very desirable owing to its compactness and the ease<br />
with which it can be set up wherever and whenever<br />
needed.<br />
The new f<strong>org</strong>e is being built on a production basis<br />
in the shops of this company as a side issue to its<br />
regular business. The entire manufacturing operation,<br />
which consists simply of cutting metal sheets to<br />
pattern and welding of the points, is done with the<br />
oxy-acetelyne flame, and the equipment required is<br />
almost as simple and compact as the f<strong>org</strong>e itself. Besides<br />
material and operators the only requisites are<br />
the Oxweld cutting and welding blowpipes, Prest-O-<br />
Lite dissolved acetelyne and Linde oxygen, the gases<br />
being supplied in portable cylinders.<br />
M0DERNS1NK<br />
In "four K't'hi'i^ .<br />
ikrmn Pre?'.<br />
A PATRIOTIC WINDOW DISPLAY<br />
APPROPRIATE FOE THE MONTH OF JULY. BACHMAN BROS., LA<br />
PORTE, IND._ MADE THE DISPLAY SHOWN ABOVE AND<br />
REPRODUCED HERE DURING THE WHOLE MONTH. IT<br />
RECEIVED MANY COMPLIMENTS. THE FIRM MADE<br />
THE FURTHER STATEMENT: "IT PAYS TO<br />
DUPLICATE THE SHOW WINDOW DIS<br />
PLAY IN THE T. A. B. MONTHLY<br />
BULLETIN"<br />
New Circular Shows Company's Plant<br />
A splendid example of selling enterprise is afforded<br />
in the copy of a 1-page circular, issued by the<br />
N. D. Holmes & Sons Co., corner of Portland and<br />
Myrtle Streets, Worcester, Mass.<br />
The first page shows the company's up-to-theminute<br />
heating, ventilating, sheet metal and plumbing<br />
plant, which consists of a handsome 4-story and basement<br />
building in whicli the engineers have been serving<br />
the people of Worcester and adjacent countries for<br />
more than 20 years. Many of the finest homes, factories<br />
and business places in the territory have been<br />
equipped by the company. Nine halftone engravings<br />
show the general reception room, the private offices,<br />
the engineering draughting room, then the showroom<br />
with bathtubs, closets, lavatories, the storehouse with<br />
racks for galvanized, copper and zinc sheets, bins for<br />
valves and fittings. Other halftone engravings show<br />
the pipe cutting and threading shops with the storehouse<br />
of all sizes of pipe, and still another view shows<br />
the sheet metal shop in which all branches of sheet<br />
metal work is made.<br />
Such a circular laid before architects, builders,<br />
heads of factories or private citizens makes a very<br />
impressive presentation of the qualifications of the<br />
concerns who serve almost any need in this particular<br />
field.<br />
Maine Notes<br />
THE SKOWHEGAN BRANCH of Steward & Marston,<br />
Waterville, Maine, has been purchased by William<br />
D. Sargent and Chester Nutting, former employees,<br />
and will be conducted under the firm name of William<br />
D. Sargent & Co. This firm does a general<br />
plumbing, heating and sheet metal business and<br />
has been conducted under various firm names for<br />
about 35 years.<br />
LONGLEY & BUTTS, who have been associated in the<br />
hardware, plumbing, heating and sheet metal business<br />
at Norway, have recently dissolved partnership.<br />
L. M. Longley will conduct the business<br />
under the same firm 'name, while his former associate.<br />
R. R. Butts, will be located at South Paris,<br />
in the same lines except the hardware lines.<br />
THE PARIS MACHINE CO., South Paris, recently<br />
managed by M. A. Prescott, who in addition to the<br />
machine business carried on a plumbing and heating<br />
department, has been purchased by J. N.<br />
Oswell. Mr. Oswell will conduct the business<br />
under his own name but discontinuing the latter<br />
lines.<br />
A. H. BICKFORD, for many years with Steward &<br />
Marston, Waterville, Maine., has recently purchased<br />
the plumbing, heating and sheet metal business<br />
of Wiliam G. Gagne, Temple Street, Waterville<br />
which he will conduct under his own name.<br />
New Boston Boiler Warehouse<br />
The William H. Page Boiler Co., desirous of rendering<br />
the verv best delivery service to its New England<br />
customers and appreciating this service is a vital<br />
factor under existing conditions has leased and<br />
stocked a large Boston warehouse at 379 Commercial
164 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
Street, at the Battery Station of the Boston Elevated<br />
Railroad, and known as Battery Wharf, formerly occupied<br />
by the Merchants & Miners Transportation Co.<br />
The new warehouse will be equipped for handling<br />
many carloads of Page boilers. The company is fortunate<br />
in securing a warehouse so centrally located, it being<br />
adjacent to all steamship lines covering the entire<br />
coast and near all express offices and freight terminals.<br />
This new warehouse will enable the Page company<br />
to land its boilers in Boston by boat and rail from its<br />
factory at Meadville, Pa., and its general distributing<br />
warehouse at Bush Terminal, New York. Railroad<br />
sidings provide for unloading of cars on one side of<br />
the warehouse and the boats unload on the other. Ten<br />
large shipping doors allow delivery trucks to be<br />
loaded without waiting their turn.<br />
The company proposes to carry a large and complete<br />
stock of both round and sectional Volunteer and<br />
Monarch boilers in Boston and the advantageous location<br />
of their new warehouse will render very prompt<br />
service to the trade. The company's sales office will<br />
remain at 100 High Street.<br />
Late Trade News<br />
A. J. MADSON has just returned from a vacation and<br />
as assistant manager of the Chicago branch, 2547<br />
Arlington Street, of the Whittaker-Glessner Co., is<br />
prepared to give careful attention to the needs of<br />
the trade for the "Corco" sheets and products.<br />
THE LARGE DEMAND for Reliance hot water storage<br />
tanks has made it necessary for the Milwaukee Reliance<br />
Boiler Works, Milwaukee, Wis., to double<br />
the capacity of its manufacturing facilities, as well<br />
as making an addition 75 x 100 ft. to its plant.<br />
The company makes welded and riveted steel tanks<br />
for every purpose, as well as feed water heaters<br />
and vertical boilers.<br />
THE CHANDLER HEATER CO., Cedar Rapids. Iowa,<br />
has recently completed a fireproof pattern room,<br />
and a large amount of machinery for the manufacture<br />
of a line of Chandler steam and hot water<br />
boilers and warm-air furnaees. The company was<br />
formerly known as the Iowa Radiator Co., which<br />
was changed about the first of the year when its<br />
capital stock was increased from $50,000 to<br />
$150,000.<br />
THE JULY NUMBER of the Valve World, issued by<br />
Crane Co., Chicago, 111., is devoted to the celebration<br />
of the sixty-fifth anniversary of the establishment<br />
of Crane Co. Particularly is presented the<br />
resolution made by the founder of Crane Co. on<br />
July 4, 1855: "I am resolved to conduct my business<br />
in the strictest honesty and fairness, to avoid<br />
all deception and trickery, to deal fairly with both<br />
customers and competitors, to be liberal and just<br />
toward employees and to put my whole mind upon<br />
the business." It is stated that the essence of this<br />
resolution is the business policy of Crane Co. to-day.<br />
THOSE WHO ARE INTERESTED in Americanization work<br />
will be interested in a pamphlet of 25 pages, entitled<br />
"Visualizing Citizenship." by Ina Clement.<br />
This can be secured from the Municipal Reference<br />
Library, City of New York, R. B. Rankin, Li<br />
brarian, for 15c. It is known as Special Report No.<br />
4, and is interesting from the several pages listing<br />
the various kind of moving picture films which can<br />
be rented to make some Americans acquainted with<br />
what other American people are doing in the manufacture<br />
of goods, introducing new methods, educating<br />
the blind' and similar things. Those industries<br />
which are running films occasionally for the<br />
entertainment of their workmen will be interested in<br />
procuring a copy for reference.<br />
Delaware Valley Golf Meet<br />
Ideal Weather Conditions Favor Guests at Lu Lu Country<br />
Club, Edge Hill, on July 20<br />
The July meeting of the Delaware Valley Trade<br />
Golf Association was held at the Lu Lu Country Club,<br />
Edge Hill, Pa., on July 20, with 28 members and 3<br />
guests in attendance.<br />
The first prize for the morning event was awarded<br />
to R. C. Bolsinger and the second prize to Thomas<br />
W. Cooper.<br />
Afternoon event, best ball foursome prizes were<br />
awarded as follows: First prize, Howard Murray<br />
and Fred Allen; second prize, John Bitzer; third<br />
prize, W. P. Kerr and J. B. Strausner.<br />
R. C. Bolsinger also played with John Bitzer in<br />
the afternoon match and was entitled to the afternoon<br />
prize, but owing to the fact that he had won the morning<br />
prize and the rule of the club being that not more<br />
than one prize should be awarded to any one member<br />
in a day's play, tliere was only one afternoon prize<br />
to Mr. Bitzer.<br />
Weather conditions for the day were ideal and those<br />
present voted that the meeting was a success from<br />
every point of view.<br />
The next meeting will be held on Tuesday, Aug.<br />
17, at the White Marsh Valley Country Club, Chestnut<br />
Hill Philadelphia.<br />
Outing for Plumbing and <strong>Steam</strong> Trade<br />
Saturday, Aug. 8, Date Set for Trip to Karatsonyi's<br />
Hotel, Glenwood-on-tbe-Sound<br />
It is the growing realization that there is a positive<br />
advantage in having a personal acquaintance with men<br />
in your own line of business that has led to the preparation<br />
for the first annual outing and games of the<br />
Greater New York Association of Jobbers of Plumbing<br />
and <strong>Steam</strong> Heating Supplies.<br />
All arrangements have been made to leave New<br />
York City at 9 o'clock on Saturday morning, Aug. 7,<br />
for Karatsonyi's Hotel at Glenwood-on-the-Sound, the<br />
railroad station being at Glen Head. The officers of<br />
the assoeiation are: President, J. G. Kelly; vicepresident,<br />
M. Weinsier; treasurer, Henry Schumacher;<br />
secretary, Frank S. Hanley, 261 Broadway,<br />
New York City; executive committee, the officers and<br />
M. Behrer, F. H. Boardman, C. V. Driggs, H. D.<br />
Gasner, H. Greenberg, C. O. Ketchum, E. A. London<br />
and Robert Smolka. The past-presidents are A. K.<br />
Sage and Edward Smolka. I. O. Koven is the honorary<br />
member.<br />
Saturday is a half holiday and the trade in connection<br />
with these houses is invited to make it a whole<br />
holiday in enjoyment of the sports that will be pre-
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 165<br />
sented and in the making of new acquaintances. A<br />
strange story about a man you know, you give little<br />
credence and all of the fellows in this trade should<br />
be proof against a story and will be to those who know<br />
each other intimately.<br />
Death of Henry J. Whitcomb<br />
On Friday, July 9, Henry J. Whitcomb, 306 Belmont<br />
Avenue, Springfield, Mass, died in the seventythird<br />
year of his age. Mr. Whitcomb had been associated<br />
with the stove business the major portion of<br />
his life and was connected with the Whitcomb Stove<br />
Co.*until his retirement in 1913. He was a pastmaster<br />
of Hampden Masonic Lodge and a member of<br />
the Trinity Episcopal Church.<br />
Saving The Tin<br />
After trying many other processes of recovering<br />
tin from old cans, there is now, according to La<br />
Nature (Paris), a return to the old-fashioned method<br />
of boiling the scraps (well cleaned) in a solution containing<br />
an excess of free alkali and saltpeter. The<br />
tin is recovered as crystals of stannate of soda and<br />
the alkali and saltpeter can be used over and over<br />
again.<br />
Signer's of Non-Union Agreements<br />
(Continued from page 152)<br />
"The court finds as a matter of fact that the picketing<br />
of plaintiff's shop has been attended with frequent<br />
acts of violence, threats, abusive language<br />
Picketing and other coercive and intimidating acts<br />
and and the part of the defendants, culminat-<br />
Violence ing m a brutal assault upon two of plaintiff's<br />
employees on April 9, 1920, by four<br />
niembers of the defendant union.<br />
"As to prospective employees of the plaintiff, the<br />
union may use peaceful persuasion in order to induce<br />
them to abstain from accepting employment. This it<br />
would seem, would be the only legitimate function'of<br />
pickets at or about the plaintiff's works, but because<br />
of past acts of violence and abuse an injunction may<br />
be issued restraining the defendants from abusive language,<br />
threats, violence, coercion and intimidation<br />
against or toward present employees and prospective<br />
employees alike."<br />
Hence, in the case of the John Douglas Co., the<br />
injunction was perpetual as to all threats, violence,<br />
abusive language, coercion and intimidation toward<br />
employees or prospective employees; restraining the<br />
defendants from accosting or from commencing interviews,<br />
communications, dealings or negotiations with<br />
any of the present employees relative to membership<br />
in the union or relative to their employment.<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Summary<br />
Black and Oalvanized Sheets—Receipts good. Demand<br />
diminishing.<br />
Tin Plate—Shortage of prompt continues.<br />
Tin—Quiet and little demand.<br />
Copper—Good demand. Prices firm.<br />
Lead—Pronounced strength with higher prices.<br />
Zinc—Demand light. Prices steady.<br />
Antimony—Quiet and slightly lower prices.<br />
Foundry Pig Iron—Interest centers in present and next<br />
year deliveries.<br />
Foundry Coke—Supply inadequate. Shipment and production<br />
slightly increased. Prices higher.<br />
Linseed Oil—Fair demand and prices unchanged.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Demand light. Stocks low.<br />
more plentiful to move steel for the industries or coal<br />
for warming homes this winter and the price is<br />
stronger than people feel they can bear.<br />
Pig iron is still strong with blast furnaces going out<br />
and buyers willing to pay the price to insure supplies<br />
for the first half of 1921. Savings banks are willing<br />
to pay 4 per cent, on sums up to $5,000 where heretofore<br />
$3,000 was the limit. The advise to all may<br />
well be work as hard as you know how with head and<br />
hands and try to excel the Scotch in thrift.<br />
Foundry Pig Iron<br />
New York.— There is a decided scarcity of spot foundry<br />
iron, and brokers who have orders from foundries are finding<br />
it impossible to make purchases. The tendency of<br />
Wait Till the Clouds Roll By<br />
prices continues upward. The quotation of $46, furnace<br />
made by a leading Virginia interest for the first half of<br />
next year, has been withdrawn and the company is now<br />
£j[ The Shamrock signalled Saturday's weather too asking $47, although it is understood the tonnage sold has<br />
-il stiff for her and the Resolute had to wait for not been large. This action indicates the conservative pol<br />
light air to show that /Lmerican genius can meet any<br />
icy of furnaces as to bookings for delivery next year. It<br />
seems certain that on account of transportation troubles,<br />
conditions. Keep up your courage and qualifications.<br />
large tonnages for this year's delivery will be carried over<br />
It is unfortunate for the Interchurch World Move into 1921. Iron is now being purchased by many melters<br />
ment investigation of the steel industry that it cast from very unusual sources, and shipments are made long<br />
reflections on the enterprise in that it shows very distances, entailing heavy freight charges. The coke situa<br />
clearly that the investigators knew what they wanted tion continues extremely unsatisfactory to the furnaees,<br />
to find and found it. Doubtless Judge Gary's vacation<br />
will not have its pleasure marred by it. Cars are no<br />
and as high as $23.75, delivered, has been paid for furnace<br />
eoke. There seems to be no prospect of early improvement<br />
in transportation conditions and still higher pig iron prices<br />
are predicted.
166 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
We quote for deliverv in New York as follows:<br />
East Pa., No. 1 fdy., sil. 275 to 3.25 51.SO<br />
East Pa., No. 2X fdy., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 50.05<br />
East Pa., No. 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 48.80<br />
No. 2X, Virginia, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 50.40<br />
Chicago.—Several large sales of foundry for both last<br />
half and 1921 delivery have been negotiated within the past<br />
week and at the same time numerous smaller orders for<br />
both prompt and more extended shipment have been closed.<br />
Merchant iron production in this district is still satisfactory,<br />
but coke output has shown only slight improvement,<br />
the operations of the local by-products plant being about<br />
80 per cent, of normal.<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago.—Prices have advanced on a number<br />
of grades and sentiment among dealers is more optimistic,<br />
but nevertheless the market is rather spotty, indicating<br />
that current developments in transportation, coal supply<br />
and mill and foundry operation are confusing. Foundries<br />
have bought a fair amount of railroad malleable during<br />
the past week. A slight improvement is to be noted<br />
in transportation, the supply of low side gondolas and<br />
box cars being somewhat more liberal.<br />
We quote delivery in consumers' yards, Chicago and vicinity,<br />
all freight and transfer charges paid, as follows:<br />
Per Net Ton<br />
No. 1 cast $36.00 to $37.00<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered, at con<br />
Boiler punchings 25.50 to 26.00<br />
sumers' yards except those for Northern foundry, and steel-mak Locomotive tires, .mooth 24.00 to 24.50<br />
ing irons, which are f.o.b. furnace and do not include a switch Machine shop turnings 9.50 to 10.00<br />
ing charge averaging 50c. per ton.<br />
Cast borings 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Northern coke No. 1, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 last half $48 25 Stove plate 28.00 to 28.50<br />
Northern coke. No. ], spot 48.25<br />
Grate bars 28.50 to 29.50<br />
Northern coke foundry, No. 2, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 last half.. 46.00<br />
Brake shoes 25.00 to 25."50<br />
Northern coke, No. 2, spot 46.00<br />
Railroad malleable 27.50 to 28.00<br />
Northern high phos., last half 45.00<br />
Agricultural malleable 27.00 to 27.50<br />
Southern coke, No. 1 foundrv and No. 1. soft, sil. 2.25 to<br />
Country mixed 16.00 to 17.00<br />
3.25 ,. 50.20 Scrap Iron, Pittsburgh.— The past week has seen a<br />
Southern coke, No. 2 foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 48.70<br />
considerable expansion in the demand for open-hearth<br />
Southern foundry sil. 1.75 to 2.25 47.00<br />
grades of scrap iron and steel, and prices have braced<br />
Philadelphia.—There is more demand for spot iron,<br />
sharply as a result of this development and the fact that<br />
particularly of foundry iron. Two more furnaces blew in<br />
dealers are indifferent about taking orders on account of<br />
this week in this district, one has blown out, though some<br />
the shortage of cars and the possibility of materially higher<br />
are running from hand to mouth on coke, the scarcity of<br />
freight rates, which they will have to absorb, before de<br />
which is more pronounced.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered in consumliveries<br />
can be completed. Not only are dealers unable to<br />
ers' yards in Philadelphia or vicinity.<br />
secure a sufficient number of cars for shipments, but on<br />
East. Pa. No. 2 plain. 1.75 to 2.25 sil $47.90 to $50.10<br />
account of embargoes, shipments are possible only by per<br />
East. Pa, No. 2 X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 49.15 to 51.35<br />
mits, and these are being issued for such brief periods that<br />
Virginia No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil 49.10 to 50.10<br />
they frequently expire before they can be utilized. The<br />
Virginia No. 2 X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 50.35 to 51.35 market has further stiffened on all kinas of cast scrap<br />
Cincinnati.— Some good sized sales of Southern pig iron which is wanted to take the place of pig iron, shipments<br />
were made in this territory during the past week. Some of which on contracts are extremely limited. As high as<br />
inquiries for foundry iron are being received but these are $35 now is being offered by an Allegheny valley sheet maker<br />
mostly for tonnages up to 500 tons from melters who are for heavy breakable cast and the market on cast iron bor<br />
not receiving shipments on contracts. Transportation conings, which recently was around $18, has stiffened 50c to<br />
ditions in this district and in the South are showing no im $1 per ton.<br />
provement, and the traffic manager of one railroad held a<br />
meeting with representatives of several Southern furnaces<br />
We quote for delivery to consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh<br />
and other districts that takes Pittsburgh freight rates as follows:<br />
in Cincinnati to explain the situation. In tne absence of Cast iron wheels $42.00 to $43.00<br />
open-top cars, furnaces had asked to be supplied with box Rolled steel wheels 29 00 to 30.00<br />
cars, but the railroad's claim was that all available cars of<br />
this type had been sent to the West to handle the crops.<br />
Some furnaces in southern Ohio are piling part of their<br />
make, and several in the South are similarly affected.<br />
Machine shop turnings<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin)<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings<br />
Short shoveling turnings<br />
Heavy breakable cast<br />
13.50 to 14.00<br />
28.00 to 28.50<br />
21.50 to 22.00<br />
18.50 to 19.00<br />
34.50 to 35.00<br />
Based on freight rates of $3.60 from Birmingham and $1.80<br />
Stove plate 31.50 to 32.00<br />
from Ironton, we quote f.o.b. Cincinnati:<br />
Cast iron borings 18.50 to 19.00<br />
Southern coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (base price) $45.60<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 31.00 to 32.00<br />
Southern coke, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 (No. 2 soft) 46.85<br />
Southern Ohio coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (No. 2) 46.80<br />
Cleveland.—One selling agency booked orders during<br />
the week for 4300 tons of foundry pig iron for agricultural<br />
implement, machinery and stove manufacturers. There<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York— The market has been quiet<br />
with few inquiries. Although prices are generally unchanged,<br />
there has been a tendency toward softening. Dealers'<br />
buying prices are as follows:<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible $16.00<br />
Is some demand for prompt shipment foundry iron, but the Copper, heavy and wire 15 00<br />
supply is very scarce. Iron recently placed on the market Copper, light and bottoms 13.00<br />
by the Ford Motor Co. has apparently all been sold, as this<br />
company has no iron to offer at present.<br />
Brass, heavy<br />
Brass, light<br />
Heavy machine composition<br />
10.25<br />
7.50<br />
15.25<br />
We quote delivered Cleveland as follows, based on 40c. switch No. 1 yellow brass turnings 9.50<br />
ing charge for local iron, a $1.40 freight rate from Valley points, No. 1 red brass or composition turnings 12.25<br />
and $5 from Birmingham:<br />
Lead heavy 7.00<br />
Northern, No 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 $45.40<br />
Lead, tea 5.00<br />
Southern foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75<br />
Ohio silvery, sil. 8 per cent<br />
48.70<br />
60.40<br />
Zinc 5.25<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.— A quiet market prevails with<br />
block tin pipe and zinc lower. Dealers' buying prices for<br />
less than carload lots are:<br />
Old Materials<br />
Red, brass 13.50<br />
Yellow brass, heavy 9.00<br />
Scrap Iron, New York.— Improvement is noted in the<br />
scrap market, due to two chief reasons: The inroads made<br />
into the supply because of the quantities exported and the<br />
Yellow brass, borings<br />
Heavy wire<br />
Heavy copper<br />
Copper clips<br />
10.00<br />
15.50<br />
15.50<br />
13.50<br />
demand from Pittsburgh consumers.<br />
Copper bottoms 11.50<br />
Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are quoting<br />
to local foundries, per gross ton: ,<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $38.00 to $39.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building materials,<br />
etc.), cupola size 37.00 to 38.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size 31.00 to 32.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boiler, etc.) 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. min. diam., not under<br />
2 ft. long) 18.00 to 18.50<br />
Stove plate 24.50 to 25.50<br />
Lead pipe 6.25<br />
Tea lead 3.00<br />
Tin foil 30.00<br />
Block tin pipe 35.00<br />
Zinc 4.00<br />
Pewter, No.l 25.00<br />
Old Rubber.— Absence of demand makes market stagnant<br />
and prices remain unchanged. Wholesale dealers' buying<br />
quotations are:<br />
Boots and shoes 6 to 6 Vi
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FIT<br />
OE-50«<br />
WELDING AND CUTTING OUTFITS<br />
Formerly 3/f&AWtQJ£fe Apparatus<br />
%3S3SSSS<br />
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1DACK of Evereacy improved Equipment are the experience and<br />
•U definite knowledge of the world's largest producers of oxy-acety- oxy-a<br />
lene welding and cutting apparatus.<br />
EVEREADY b OX WELD-BUILT. Designed especially for use<br />
with compressed acetylene in cylinders. It is easily portable, economical,<br />
convenient, dependable—proved in service, ready to use anywhere,<br />
any time.<br />
EVEREADY BLOWPIPES can be dismantled and reassembled<br />
in the field—no soldered joints, every fitting metal-to-metal, accurately<br />
gauged.<br />
Eveready apparatus and supplies are sold in your locality. Use<br />
coupon to secure new descriptive catalog and the name and address of<br />
your distributor.<br />
OXWELD ACETYLENE COMPANY<br />
(Eveready Apparatus Dept.)<br />
3644 Jasper Place Chicago, III.<br />
World's Largest Makers of Oxy-Acetylene<br />
Welding and Cutting Outfits<br />
OXWELD ACETYLENE COMPANY<br />
Eveready Apparatus Department<br />
3644 Jasper Place. Chicago, lil.<br />
Please mail me Free of Charge your new Eveready<br />
catalog and address of your distributor in my locality.<br />
Name<br />
P. 0. Address<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBEB AXD STEAM FITTER when writing to advertisers<br />
167
168 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
Trimmed artics 4% to 5<br />
Auto tires 2 2-5 to 2 3-5<br />
Bicycle tires 1V_ to 1%<br />
Solid tires 2 to 2J_<br />
No. 1. inner tubes lli_ to 12%<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4.1<br />
Mixed red scrap 3^ to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap \V2 to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose ;4 to \%<br />
Garden hose % to 1<br />
Old Rags.—Another dull week has passed. Prices hold<br />
except in No. 1 whites and straight garments. Wholesale<br />
dealers' prices are:<br />
No. 1 whites $11.00 to $11 50<br />
No. 2 whites 5.75 to 6.00<br />
Thirds and blues 3.50 to 3.75<br />
Straight garments 2.00 to 2.10<br />
Hard back carpets 1.90 to 2.00<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Paper Stock.—Continued activity prevailed and prices<br />
hold firm. Wholesale dealers' buying quotations for New<br />
York are:<br />
Over issue magazines 3.15 to 3.25<br />
Crumpled news 1.90 to 2.00<br />
New York, July 30, 1920.<br />
Sheets and <strong>Metal</strong>s<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets.— Receipts continue to<br />
come in and jobbers are filling contracted orders. Future<br />
demand not so strong.<br />
Tin Plate.—Due to car shortage shipments are not keeping<br />
pace with bookings and early tonnage outlook not promising.<br />
Copper Tone continues strong and improvement in<br />
railroad situation has enabled refineries to increase shipments.<br />
Tin.— Market continues exceedingly quiet with practically<br />
no buying by consumers.<br />
Lead.— Tne continued good demand and reduced supply<br />
holds up prices.<br />
Notice sliding sleeve damper<br />
(patented). Can be closed<br />
witiiout shutting off light.<br />
Zinc.— Producers are not looking for any future business<br />
and demand from galvanizers and brass makers is confined<br />
to immediate needs.<br />
Antimony.—This market is quiet with prices slightly<br />
lower.<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgh.— Makers still are having difficulty<br />
in catching up with their obligations and the shortage<br />
of prompt tonnages is quite as acute as it has been. Shipments<br />
against contracts are much restricted by the car<br />
shortage and since bookings will engage capacity well over<br />
the remainder of the year it is difficult to cover early tonnages<br />
except from stock items. The latter are in small<br />
supply because of the comparatively low rate of mill operations.<br />
Stock plates constitute the prompt market.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh.—A few small cancellations or orders<br />
are reported from the automobile builders, but in general<br />
the demand from this source is reported to be holding<br />
up well. Much difficulty is still being experienced by<br />
buyers in placing early tonnages, for the reason that tne<br />
mills already have obligations that will tax capacity over<br />
the remainder of the year. With shipment and mill operations<br />
much restricted by the railroad situation, few makers<br />
are inclined to entertain inquiries. Unfilled tonnages of<br />
the independent makers are reported to be over 800,000<br />
tons. Prices show no change.<br />
Notes on Prices<br />
Linseed Oil Spot prices are holding up well but the<br />
market for futures is decidedly weak. In lots of 5 bbl. and<br />
over, city raw American seed is quoted at $1.56 to $1.66,<br />
and out-of-town raw American seed is quoted at $1.56 to<br />
$1.66. In lots of less than 5 bbl. 3c more per gallon is<br />
asked. Boiled oil brings 2c more per gallon than raw oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.— Stocks are very low and demand<br />
continues unabated. In machine barrels in yard, the<br />
wholesale price is quoted at $1.68 per gallon.<br />
Rosin.— Demand is steady with not an abundance of<br />
stock. On the basis of 280 lbs. to the barrel, the wholesale<br />
Constant Air Circnlation<br />
Nothing is more insidious in undermining the health<br />
of human beings than foul, exhausted air breathed<br />
over and over again in any kind of building.<br />
Where ordinary ventilators fail to carry off this<br />
deadly air Burt Ventilators, by their unusual draw<br />
ing power and large capacity, eliminate it con<br />
stantly, keeping the atmosphere in the building clean<br />
and healthful with a continuous supply of fresh air.<br />
Send for 128-page catalogue.<br />
The Burt Manufacturing Co.<br />
300 MAIN STREET AKRON, OHIO<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. Reed & Co., Montreal, Sole Manufacturer of Burt<br />
Ventilators for Canada
JULY 30, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 169<br />
price of common-to-good strained is $12.25. Grade D is<br />
$16.25.<br />
Iron and Steel Pipe.— It is doubtful whether pipemaking<br />
capacity in this part of the country now is more<br />
than 50 per cent engaged and makers consequently are<br />
daily getting further behind in their obligations. Although<br />
the National and Pennsylvania works of the National Tube<br />
Co., which suspended July 3, resumed yesterday, only one<br />
of the six furnaces at the latter plant is in operation, while<br />
at the National works only the boiler tube furnaces are<br />
working. The Mahoning Valley plants have succeeded in<br />
moving considerable tonnages into the Pittsburgh district,<br />
owing to the availability of open-top cars moving in the<br />
direction of the coal mines. Wheeling district plants have<br />
been operating about 75 per cent and shipping about 50 per<br />
cent of production. Shipments by water and truck have<br />
enabled the Jones & Laughlin Steel Co. to maintain a comparatively<br />
high rate of operations. Jobbers still are pressing<br />
hard for deliveries and oil country goods are eagerly<br />
sought.<br />
Foundry Coke.— A further advance has been established<br />
in prices of spot furnace and foundry coke from beehive<br />
ovens. Lately, no furnace fuel has been sold at less<br />
than $18 per net ton oven, for prompt shipment and as<br />
high as $19 has been done. Those producers who have any<br />
surplus supplies generally are holding at $19. On selected<br />
72-hr. fuel, the market for spot tonnage is quotable at $19<br />
to $20 per net ton oven, and both figures have found basis<br />
in recent sales. The larger producers are not a factor in<br />
the present spot market, for the reason that they are applying<br />
practically all their production against contracts.<br />
The ca- supply has improved since a week ago, and production<br />
by the smaller oven operators has increased, but<br />
despite these developments the open market offerings remain<br />
exceedingly scant and very inadequate.<br />
The Man Who Putteth His House<br />
in Order, Liveth<br />
In the trade are many men who insure church activity<br />
by putting some energy into it. A picture taken<br />
of the Business Men's Bible Class of the First Baptist<br />
Church of Kansas City, Mo., showed 1,000 men<br />
present. So large a class has need of a means of announcement<br />
and intercourse and has a publication, the<br />
Business Men's Bible Class, from which the following<br />
advertisement by a member is taken. From reading<br />
the publication it is clear that "Safed the Sage" is a<br />
frequent contributor and presents good stuff, as per<br />
sample:<br />
And it came to pass in the days of the month of May<br />
that I lifted up my voice in great rejoicing because of delivery<br />
from slavery from mine enemy whose name is furnace<br />
and short was my rejoicing, for yet he remaineth in<br />
my basement—and also had he triumphed over the King,<br />
Boreas. Then spoke to me, in a Ruthless manner the voice<br />
of Prudence, saying: Verily in the winter which is yet to<br />
come he will dwell where thou dwellest, when he is cold<br />
thou also shall be cold, and when he has the dumps so will<br />
thou be likewise in the dumps.<br />
And I said: Thou art right. Then tackeled I mine unfaithful<br />
servants the telephones and implored that they give<br />
unto me Benton 418 or 419 on the Home contraption or<br />
Clifton 590 on the Bell thereof and they gave me many<br />
other numbers—but none of these other numbers are in the<br />
office of the Security Stove & Mfg. Co., and also there<br />
dwelleth in that office' a man surnamed Millis and he loveth<br />
the Furnace. And he said—Why curseth thou thy Furlace?<br />
For he is not thy Enemy but thy Friend. Then<br />
hung I mine heau in shame.<br />
But this man Millis showed me that it could be worse<br />
and also he told me that he had many men wandering in<br />
Fords and that they knew well the heart of the Furnace<br />
wd the ways thereof and that he would send to my house,<br />
"en unto the basement thereof and would, with loving<br />
ca re, examine the grates and the pots, yea also the smoke<br />
t<br />
/pATENT ^O<br />
PLUMBING<br />
FIXTURES<br />
*tiBmet 3<br />
A Big Chance to Secure<br />
Profitable Contracts!<br />
Plumbing contractors everywhere are finding a new, expanding<br />
opportunity to increase profits by recommending, selling and<br />
installing the Watrous Gravity Liquid Soap System. Industrial<br />
plants of all kinds, Factories, Railway Depots, Hospitals,<br />
Public Buildings, etc., are adopting this improved method of<br />
dispensing soap.<br />
The one large central container, easily refiled, is far more<br />
economical and more convenient in operation than the ordi<br />
nary wasteful method of an individual container for every bowl.<br />
No moving parts to The<br />
Watrous System to get out<br />
of order. Operates wholly<br />
by gravity. The simple<br />
valve in the<br />
dispenser regu<br />
lates an even,<br />
non-wasting<br />
supply of<br />
soap. A<br />
plumber's<br />
services are<br />
required to<br />
install the<br />
System.<br />
Therefore,<br />
every sale<br />
you make<br />
will carry<br />
with it a<br />
installation.<br />
contract for<br />
The Watrous<br />
Gravity Liquid Soap System<br />
is a new addition to the<br />
line of the celebrated Watrous<br />
Sanitary Plumbing<br />
Equipment,<br />
distinquished<br />
as representing<br />
the most<br />
advanced<br />
ideas in<br />
sanitary<br />
plumbing<br />
science. The<br />
Watrous<br />
Line also includes<br />
Watrous<br />
Duojet Closets,<br />
5elf-Closing<br />
Cocks, Uri<br />
Free Information on Request nals, Drinking Fountains<br />
and up-to-date Specialties.<br />
The Imperial Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
1223 W. Harrison St.<br />
Chicago, HI.<br />
pipe thereof and many other parts of which I wot not,<br />
and that for this examination he would charge me not.<br />
And I said, Be it so. Now have I the bum Furnace and<br />
likewise the promise of this man Millis.<br />
Then cursed I not the Furnace but went straightway into<br />
my basement and removed the ashes and papers, and also<br />
trash from the Furnace that the man sent by Millis might<br />
do a good job.<br />
Go then, Oh, fellow furnace owner, and do likewise and<br />
live in hope.<br />
Safed the Sage.<br />
Oxweld Wins Distinguished Service Award<br />
The Oxweld Acetylene Co., of Newark, N. J., Chicago<br />
and San Francisco, is justly proud of the distinguished<br />
service award tendered the Company by<br />
the War Department of the United States. The<br />
award reads: "The War Department of the United<br />
States recognizes in this award for distinguished service<br />
the loyalty, energy and efficiency in the performance<br />
of "the war work by which the Oxweld Acetylene<br />
Co. aided materially in obtaining victory for the<br />
arms of the United States of America in the war with<br />
the Imperial German Government and the Royal Austro-Hungarian<br />
Government."<br />
The award is signed by the Secretary of War and<br />
the Assistant Secretary of War, Director of Munitions.
170 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER JULY 30, 1920<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide changes in<br />
price continue.<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in Neil<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks.<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sufficiently heavj<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impractical).;<br />
to name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
4.25 4.05 3.00 ROSIN—<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over<br />
4.90 4.50 3.50 Common to good strained (whole<br />
99% pure, in ingots for remelt<br />
5.05 4.75 4.00 sale), 280 lbs., per bbl $12.25<br />
ing, 100-lb. lots—37 to 39c.<br />
6.50 7.50 SHEETS—<br />
ELBOWS AND SHOES—<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
Galvanized Steel—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb.<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
Plain Round and Corrugated—<br />
10c to 12c<br />
No. 10, per lb 6.50-8.00<br />
All sizes up to 6 in 5C%<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET—<br />
No. 12, per lb 6.55-8.05<br />
Square—<br />
Base price Nominal<br />
No. 14, per lb 6.60-8.10<br />
Square 40%<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
No. 16, per lb 6.70-8.20<br />
Copper-<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4.50<br />
Black— One Pass. C. R.<br />
All sizes Net List<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
Soft Steel<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings—<br />
Corrugated-<br />
No. 18 to 20, per Ib 7.80- 9.80<br />
Standard list..Prices on application<br />
Round or Square—<br />
No. 22 to 24, per lb 7.85- 9.85<br />
LEAD—<br />
Galvanized steel 30%<br />
No. 26, per lb 7.90- 9.90<br />
American Pig, per lb. ..10_zC to lie<br />
Toncan or ingot 15%<br />
No. 27, per lb 7.95-9.95<br />
Bar, per lb llj/_c to 12c<br />
Copper 10%<br />
No. 28, per lb 8.00-10.00<br />
METAL LATH—<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe-<br />
No. 29, per lb 8.05-10.05<br />
Under 100 sq. yd. per sq. yd. 40c<br />
Galvanized 20%<br />
No. 30, per lb 8.25-10.25<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.—<br />
Spiral Riveted—<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 wide,<br />
Leads—<br />
Galvanized On application<br />
10c higher<br />
Lead, American White, In Oil,<br />
(See also elbows and shoes;<br />
Wellsville Polished—<br />
kegs less than 500 lbs., 15_ic<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers,<br />
20 gauge 11.10c<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. tin<br />
Conductor.)<br />
22 and 24 gauge 11.20c<br />
pails; add to keg price J4c<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
26 gauge 11.30c<br />
Lead, Red, in Oil, less than 500<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.)<br />
28 gauge 11.50c<br />
lbs., 15c<br />
COPPER—<br />
Galvanized—<br />
Dry Colors-<br />
Lake ingot 21'/i-22}ie<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
Red Venetian, American,<br />
Electrolytic 21-22c<br />
Nos. 12 and 14 9.10-10.60<br />
Per 100 lbs., iy2 to 5c<br />
Casting 20-21c<br />
No. 16 9.25-10.75<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
Nos. 18 and 20 9.40-10.90<br />
Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per<br />
Nos. 22 and 24 9.25-11.05<br />
Red, per ton 35.00 40.00<br />
lb., 29J_c mill.<br />
No. 26 9.70-11.20<br />
Oils-<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 lb. lots<br />
No. 27 9.85-11.35<br />
Linseed, City Raw $1.56 to $1.66<br />
and over.<br />
No. 28 10.00-11.50<br />
Linseed, Boiled, advance, per<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per lb.<br />
No. 30 10.50-12.50<br />
gal 2c<br />
advance.<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide,<br />
Out of Town American Seed<br />
Colled Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier<br />
20c higher<br />
at $1.56 to $1.66<br />
per lb. advance over hot rolled.<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized—<br />
Spirits Turpentine-<br />
Polished— 48 in.<br />
2.2 in. corrugations, 30 per 100 lbs.<br />
In Machine Bbl $1.68<br />
long 48 in.<br />
over flat sheets.<br />
PUTTY—<br />
and to<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Painted—<br />
Pure tubs, 120 lbs., per lb 4.50c<br />
less 96-in.<br />
Prices quoted on application.<br />
In 1-lb to 5-lb. tins, 6.00 to 7.35c<br />
sq. ft. sq. tt.<br />
2<br />
REGISTERS—<br />
10 in. wide and under 6c 7c<br />
Cast Iron 10%<br />
10 in. to 36 in. wide... 5c 6c<br />
Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for<br />
Over 36 in. wide 8c 9c<br />
White Japan or Electro plate and<br />
Planished, lj_c per sq. ft. more<br />
Small Faces and Borders ....20%<br />
than Polished.<br />
Wall Frames 20%<br />
Bottom, Pitts and Flats, 24 oz.<br />
Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and<br />
base and heavier, per lb 38c<br />
larger 40%<br />
Tinning— 96. in.<br />
Base Board Registers 20%<br />
long<br />
Base Board Intakes 20%<br />
and Over<br />
White Enameled Goods 5%<br />
less 96.in.<br />
Solid Brass or Bronze Goods, ex<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft.<br />
cept Grilles Net<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c 6c<br />
Grilles in Black and White Japan<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c 7c<br />
or Electroplate in Cast Iron Plain<br />
Over 48 in. wide .... 7c 8c<br />
Lattice, Design. Smaller than<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
14 x 14 in.,<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot, 25%<br />
Prices on application<br />
Galvanized steel 40%<br />
ROOFING MATERIAL—<br />
Copper 10%<br />
1-Ply Tarred Paper, per ton,<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS—<br />
$102.00<br />
Lap or Slip Joint, 10% above list.<br />
per roll, 108 sq. ft.<br />
CHARCOAL STOVE PIPE<br />
2-Ply Tarred Paper $160<br />
ELBOWS-<br />
3-Ply Tarred Paper 2.00<br />
NO. 1 No. 2 No. 3 Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
4 in $4.00 $3.90$ 2.75<br />
Prices on application<br />
4". in 4.10 3.95 2.85 Roofing Pitch, per ton $30.00<br />
Open per lb. 15c<br />
r Prices of Solder indicated b;<br />
private brands very according t'<br />
composition.<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES-<br />
Yaeger's Salts:<br />
1-lb. cans, each (j<br />
5-lb. cans, each $3.0^-<br />
A. S. P. Fluid: §<br />
Gallon %\2^<br />
12-gal. Carboy 90c per gallo<br />
(Jug and carboy extra)<br />
Callahan's Non-Corrosive, pc<br />
gal #.?_?•<br />
SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 5C<br />
In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance i'i<br />
per lb. nni<br />
In lots of less than 100 lbs., at'cjl<br />
vance 4c per lb. •*<br />
STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR-<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
Copper $2.80 $3.75 $5.75 $9.00 d<br />
Galv 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 d<br />
TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
Straits, pigs per lb 5:<br />
Straits, in bars, per lb—57c to &<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
N. B.—The price of 14 it<br />
"AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
IC, 14x20 $16.<br />
IX, 14 x 20 18.<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 20.<br />
IXXX, 14x20 22.<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.<br />
"A" Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
IC, 14 x 20 $14.<br />
IX, 14 x 20 16.<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 18.<br />
IXXX, 14 x 20 19.<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 21.<br />
Coke Plates, Bright-<br />
Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
_-in. Corrugation<br />
80-lb $11-<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
90-lb H.<br />
No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
100-lb 12.<br />
No. 26, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IC 13.<br />
No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IX 13.<br />
SLATE ROOFING—<br />
IXX 14.<br />
F. O. B. cars, Quarry Station. IXXX 15.<br />
Per Square IXXXX 16.<br />
According Terne Plate-<br />
Pennsylvania— to size Small lots, 8-lb. Coating:<br />
Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00 100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.<br />
No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9.00 IC. 14 x 20 9.<br />
Pen Argyl 7.75 to 8.25 IX, 14 x 20 10.<br />
Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50 IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75 squared:<br />
Vermont—<br />
12-lb. Coating $11,11,<br />
No. 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50 15-lb. Coating It It:<br />
Unfading Green 6.50 to 13.50 20-lb. Coating 12.12.,<br />
Red 22.00 30-lb. Coating 13.13.<br />
Maine—<br />
35-lb. Coating 14 14<br />
Walter's and Cooper's Brownsville, <strong>Metal</strong> Unfading Shingles<br />
Black,<br />
M. F. Grade 13 I 13 I<br />
No. 1 $14.00 40-lb Coating 15:15:<br />
Slaters felt, 30-lb roll 2.00 WASTE COTTON—<br />
The<br />
40-lb. roll 2.25 Per lb. in 5-lb. bags '••'•<br />
SOLDER—<br />
ZINC SHEETS— The<br />
Shingles<br />
'/_ to '/2 guaranteed 37J_c Western Shingles<br />
Slabs 10-1 0-11<br />
N°-, 1 34J_c Sheets No. 9 base casks ....14J.4J.<br />
That Last<br />
Kenned 30c That Last I<br />
The Most Complete Line of Designs The Best Material, Workmanship and Finish<br />
Made in Painted Tin or Genuine Re-dipped G alvanized Tin<br />
Sold at the right price May we send you full-size samples and prices?<br />
National Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Roofing Co. 339-345 Grand Street<br />
JERSEY CITY, N. J.<br />
w \ \<br />
i
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
The Magazine for<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
T?rm.»T P H I N Y ATIC. fi 1920 Copyright 1920 by the Archi-<br />
. LORAL _-ABK, _.. I „ ALG. 0, l.„U. tectural and Building Press, Inc<br />
VOLUME 9-t, No. 6<br />
Sanitation in English Farm Buildings<br />
3TAt_U_. FL_"=R.<br />
FIO. i v.lTI-1 SonK STABLE<br />
FIG. 2 STEMCM<br />
TRAP<br />
Fie 3 sexTion<br />
Or A STABLE. 7PAP<br />
Utility the Governing Feature in Design of Stables<br />
and Cow Houses on British Country Estates<br />
By John Y. Dunlop<br />
IN no country so much as in Britain is the horse at<br />
once the friend and companion of man. The arrangement<br />
and construction of the stable are of<br />
an importance second only to that of the dwelling<br />
house itself.<br />
Considering the importance of this department it<br />
would seem proper to give it a fair amount of architectural<br />
embellishment, always bearing in mind the<br />
sound maxim that utility is the cardinal principle in<br />
all buildings and that the truest architecture is the<br />
artistic treatment of the useful.<br />
In the general arrangements of these buildings<br />
there are many points to be considered. The animal<br />
is like the modern man, his master, and is easily affected<br />
by healthy surroundings or the reverse. There<br />
•ire few principles of modern sanitation which have<br />
been set forth that do not apply to the stable department.<br />
A dry and well-drained site, air, light and ventilation<br />
without draft are all indispensable for healthy<br />
living quarters for animals.<br />
The principal accommodation required, of course,<br />
varies much according to the extent of the home farm.<br />
In a complete stable range the accommodation may<br />
consist of stalls and loose boxes, one or more sick or<br />
isolation boxes, a washing shed, a harness room, a<br />
cleaning and saddle room and coach house.<br />
The cleaning and saddle room may be made available<br />
for a heating apparatus for the hot water pipes<br />
to the coach house, which should be near the stable,<br />
as they would tend to keep the latter at an even<br />
temperature.<br />
There is no need to enter into a detailed description<br />
of the materials used in the construction of stables.<br />
For the walls there is no special material, stone or<br />
wood being the most commonly used. The lower parts<br />
of stable walls are best lined with boarding, as the<br />
wood prevents the horse from coming in contact with<br />
the rough surface of the wall.<br />
It is indispensable that the stable floor should be<br />
impervious to moisture, capable of being easily<br />
cleaned, with as few places for the lodgment of dirt<br />
as possible. Channels should be laid down the center<br />
of each stall and along the passage behind. The under<br />
part of the channel should be semi-circular, of
172 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 6, 1920<br />
cast iron with a perforated flat top, made to slide so<br />
that by removing one of them, the other pieces may<br />
be slid along and the whole of the channel cleaned out.<br />
By discharging the waste water from the drinking<br />
pots the flushing of the channel is rendered easy.<br />
Some people prefer an entirely open channel, as<br />
shown in Fig. 1, as being less liable to choke up from<br />
neglect. The chief objection to open gutters is that<br />
they allow the liquid to be absorbed by the bedding,<br />
retaining them within the stable, thus vitiating the<br />
air.<br />
The underground drains taken from the stable<br />
should be made of glazed fire-clay pipes laid upon<br />
concrete and jointed in the best modern manner. The<br />
idea used to be that on account of the great percentage<br />
of solid matter contained in the drain of such<br />
departments a very large diameter of pipe was necessary.<br />
The theory of large pipes for house drainage<br />
is now exploded and there is no reason why it should<br />
be retained in the case of stables or cow houses. The<br />
contrary rather should be the case, for a small pipe<br />
running nearly full will be better flushed and there<br />
will be a less deposit of sediment than with a large<br />
one.<br />
In every case where channels are used in the stalls<br />
of a stable and behind, they should discharge into a<br />
stench trap as shown in Fig. 1, 2 and 3.<br />
The stable trap should be very strong, should offer<br />
a good foothold for the horse and the attendant should<br />
be able to get his hand into every part. Then if by<br />
accident it were left open, the horse should not be<br />
likelv to be injured if he put his foot into it. The<br />
trap should also provide as easy a flow for the liquid<br />
as is compatible with a sufficient water seal.<br />
The stench trap shown in Fig. 2 fulfills these conditions<br />
and, if any objection can be taken to it, it is<br />
on the score that the outgo is rectangular and that<br />
it delivers the sewerage into the drain at right angles<br />
to the flow.<br />
A very good and novel stable trap is shown in section<br />
in Pig. 3, which is well suited for the close channel<br />
sy.stem as the trap receives the stable waste from<br />
the end over and above from the grating on the top.<br />
Some corporations do not allow anv connections between<br />
stable drains and public sewers and in that case<br />
an intercepting tank, as shown in Fig. 4, is required.<br />
This tank should not be too large. It should be impervious<br />
both at the sides and the bottom. The top<br />
should be closed with air-tight cover.<br />
Such a tank must be viewed with more or less suspicion.<br />
Perhaps the safest place to put it is in a spot<br />
as little frequented as possible, with a ventilation grid<br />
made to lift easily and it would be well to have it<br />
cleaned out as often as possible.<br />
Where the stable drains are connected up to a<br />
sewer, an inspection manhole at every change of direction<br />
or important junction and a disconnecting inspection<br />
manhole just about the point it enters the<br />
sewer are to be recommended. These chambers obviate<br />
as far as possible any necessity for lifting the<br />
drains and breaking up the yard and pavement in a<br />
case of choking.<br />
The ventilation of the stable is of supreme importance<br />
as probably half of the diseases from which<br />
horses suffer may be traced directly or indirectly to<br />
defective ventilation.<br />
The method found most satisfactory is by introducing<br />
a small glazed ventilator in the stable wall as<br />
high above the horse's head as possible. The fresh<br />
air being thrown upward toward the ceiling carries<br />
the air heated and contaminated by the horse's breath<br />
towards the back of the stable. From this one or<br />
more exhaust metal shafts should be provided, according<br />
to the size of the stable. But at least one to every<br />
three or four horses should be carried through the loft<br />
and discharged at the ridge through a suitable ventilation<br />
cowl.<br />
The system of ventilation is shown in Fig. 4, as is<br />
also the system of drainage.<br />
As suggested above, the heating installation might<br />
be put in the cleaning and saddle room. Another alternative<br />
would be to put the hot water boiler in the<br />
coal house, used for the barrows and other tools which<br />
form the necessary outfit of a stable yard.<br />
A slow combustion stove, made with a boiler sufficient<br />
to supply a few radiators for the coach house<br />
and harness room would be ample.<br />
Convenient but not too close to the coach house<br />
should be located the washing stance, arranged with<br />
a cement floor properly graded and with sufficient fall<br />
to a gully trap. The washing place for the horse<br />
should be quite close at hand so horse and attachment<br />
for washing the one may be used for the other. Besides<br />
the hose attachment, there should be a trap at<br />
the proper height for filling buckets.<br />
i. SECTION OF STABLE SHOWING DRAINAGE<br />
AND VENTILATION<br />
In arranging the water supply, much depends upon<br />
the site. Town and suburban stables will generally<br />
avail themselves of the local supply for which much<br />
storage will scarcely be needed and the pressure will<br />
be sufficient for hose and other purposes.
AUGUST 6, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 173<br />
In the country, however, a special supply will generally<br />
have to be provided. Rain water is often valuable<br />
for this purpose, and, if collected from the stable<br />
roof, the cistern will have to be fixed at a suitable<br />
level below the eaves. The higher the position the<br />
greater will be the pressure for hose uses.<br />
The tank, when not too large, may be of galvanized<br />
iron, but slate forms a very clean and durable material.<br />
Where the rain water is used for drinking, it<br />
should preferably be filtered. This filtering apparatus<br />
need not be an elaborate affair.<br />
.IT-in^s<br />
FIG. 5. GALVANIZED STORAGE TANK AND RAIN WATER FILTER<br />
It should be borne in mind that the mechanical or<br />
straining part of filtration is not recognized as being<br />
the least efficient part of the process. The purification<br />
of water is in the main due to the biological work<br />
effected by microbes and the most efficient filtering<br />
material is that which furnishes for these the most<br />
favorable habitat.<br />
A very efficient filter for stable purposes is shown<br />
in Fig. 5. It may be formed by dividing a storage<br />
tank into two sections by a diaphragm reaching to<br />
within a few inches of the bottom and placing a false<br />
bottom of perforated wood or galvanized iron grating<br />
about 6 in. above the real bottom. This grating should<br />
have a layer of not less than 6 in. of crushed coke.<br />
The water should enter the tank on one side, pass<br />
through the layer of coke and under the diaphragm<br />
and ascend again through the layer of coke on the<br />
other side. A filter of this kind does not become<br />
thoroughly effective until it has been in use for several<br />
days and the microbes have become fully established.<br />
' It will then remain in order for a long period<br />
and when it shows signs of clogging a slight scraping<br />
of the surface of the coke will re-establish its ef<br />
ficiency.<br />
The housing of one or two cows which supply milk<br />
to the family is a matter of such simplicity that little<br />
need be said about it. But the construction of large<br />
types upon the great milk-raising farms which surround<br />
large towns is now recognized as a matter of<br />
vital importance. In its relation, indeed, to the health<br />
of the community it is of infinitely greater moment<br />
than the construction of any stable can be.<br />
In construction the fabric of the cow house is much<br />
the same as that already described. In some types<br />
the stalls are arranged with the cattle facing each<br />
other and a feeding passage between.<br />
The fittings consist of cast-iron stall divisions for<br />
two cows in each stall with a cast-iron feeding trough<br />
and water tub and a wrought-iron hay rack above.<br />
The water is led into each water tub and arranged to<br />
overflow onto the feeding trough, so that it can be<br />
filled and flushed with water which, when discharged,<br />
will in turn serve to flush out the drain or cleaning<br />
channel immediately behind the cattle.<br />
Ample ventilation is indispensable. A simple air inlet<br />
grating opposite each cow's head answers well and<br />
a sheet metal outlet ventilator on the roof is perhaps<br />
as simple and efficacious as can be devised.<br />
In everything pertaining to the accommodation of<br />
cows, it may be reiterated that in the future consideration<br />
of cleanliness and health will become more<br />
and more paramount and the regulating sanitary laws<br />
and their enforcement will become increasingly<br />
stringent.<br />
Co-operation<br />
Running a business is not so very much different<br />
from runing a show. The theatrical manager can't<br />
get anywhere unless he can get his players to work<br />
together harmoniously, each one trying his or her<br />
best to make the production a success. There has<br />
to be teamwork from the rise of the curtain to its<br />
fall. In the same way a business manager can't<br />
make a good showing unless he can get his force to<br />
exercise teamwork all along the line. If you don't<br />
treat your people right, what business have you to<br />
expect them to treat you right? If you do treat<br />
them right, you have some grounds for expecting them<br />
to treat you right—and my experience is that the<br />
majority of American workmen will treat right the<br />
boss who treats them right. That's all there is to it.<br />
—Forbes Magazine (N. Y.)<br />
ft 24<br />
Recipes from an Old Scrap Book<br />
C/fc \XJUUtJ \cWtLrJ IJOMJU<br />
Pack the waste in a tin cylinder<br />
with a perforated false<br />
bottom and put a stop-cock at<br />
bottom. Pour on the waste bisulphide<br />
of carbon sufficient to<br />
cover, and allow to soak for a<br />
few minutes, then add more bisulphide,<br />
and so on for a time<br />
or two, and then squeeze out.<br />
By simple distillation the whole<br />
of the bisulphide, or nearly all,<br />
can easily be recovered and so<br />
be used over again. This will<br />
free the Cotton completely from
174 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 6, 1920<br />
Simple Calculations That May Be Used On Small Work With<br />
Certainty of Pleasing Customer By Results<br />
Heating Guidance For Residence Work<br />
By Instructor<br />
In Seven Parts—Part II, Two <strong>Steam</strong> Systems<br />
A F T E R the radiator sizes for the different rooms<br />
have been completed, locate them on the<br />
plans, in pencil, using either blue-prints of the<br />
builder's plans, or simple tracings made from these.<br />
Next locate the risers for reaching the radiators, both<br />
for supply and return, and carry them to the basement<br />
plan. Especial care should be taken to keep<br />
these in the corners of rooms, in dark hallways,<br />
closets, etc., or wherever they will be least conspicuous<br />
and still answer their purpose satisfactorily.<br />
Ordinarily, it is best to keep risers to the upper<br />
floors outside of partitions, but if it is impossible to<br />
reach a certain radiator without carrying a pipe in an<br />
objectonable location through some important room.<br />
it may be run inside of a partition provided it is<br />
properly protected and tested before closing in.<br />
Pipes for this purpose should be extra heavy and<br />
without coupled joints Great care should be used in<br />
making up work of this kind and the joints should<br />
be made tight under hydrostatic pressure. This may<br />
be done by capping the risers and connecting the<br />
piping with city or town water pressure, if that is<br />
available. If not, a hydraulic hand pump may be<br />
used.<br />
There are three systems of piping commonly used<br />
for direct steam heating, known as the "two-pipe''<br />
system, the "one-pipe relief" system and the "onepipe<br />
circuit" system, with various modi-<br />
System* fications and combinations. The first of<br />
of Piping these is the older form, but is not employed<br />
to any great extent at the present<br />
time in dwelling-house work, except in connection<br />
with some of the vapor or vacuum systems. It is<br />
necessary where<br />
coils are used instead<br />
of radiators,<br />
and sometimes for<br />
an especially large<br />
cast-iron radiator,<br />
thus limiting its use<br />
largely to shops,<br />
stores, etc.<br />
The general arrangement<br />
of a system<br />
of piping of this<br />
kind is shown diagrammatically<br />
in<br />
Fig. 1. The steam<br />
main leads from the<br />
top of the boiler and<br />
branches are carried<br />
along near the base-<br />
/?'<br />
Rad<br />
m//////M^^<br />
Rad<br />
ff<br />
X<br />
R-<br />
Rad<br />
Rad.<br />
<strong>Steam</strong><br />
W<br />
ment ceiling; risers are taken off from the supply<br />
branches and carried up to the radiators on the different<br />
floors, and return pipes are brought down to<br />
the horizontal return mains in the basement.<br />
It is a comparatively easy matter to install a system<br />
of piping of this kind which will supply the<br />
radiators with steam and carry away the water of<br />
condensation, but to provide a system which will do<br />
this quietly, without snapping or water-hammer requires<br />
a thorough knowledge of the principles involved.<br />
Water-hammer is caused by steam coming in<br />
contact with water at a slightly lower temperature,<br />
and resulting in the sudden condensation of a certain<br />
volume of steam. This produces a vacuum which is<br />
instantly filled by steam and water rushing in to fill<br />
the vacant space, and the coming together of these<br />
causes the noise and shock known as water-hammer.<br />
The remedy, or rather prevention, of this condition<br />
is evidently to keep the steam from coming in<br />
contact with condensation of a lower temperature,<br />
especially in allowing them to meet over extended<br />
areas. One of the most effective plans is that shown<br />
at the left in Fig. 1, and known as a "wet" or<br />
"sealed" return. This consists in carrying the main<br />
return near the basement floor, below the water-line<br />
of the boiler, and bringing the return from each radiator<br />
down separately and connecting with it.<br />
With this arrangement the areas of contact between<br />
steam and cooler water are very small, being<br />
the sectional areas of the return pipes at the points<br />
"A," "A." Of course steam and water are in contact<br />
in all of the pipes above the water level, but unless<br />
there are pockets where the water can collect and<br />
<strong>Steam</strong> jj<br />
dotter<br />
Rad.<br />
/%>£<br />
flat<br />
Return<br />
Siphon \- •<br />
~* Seated Pet urn<br />
i7lW7W'//7'/''77''/W'/'m7W'''//7'///l/'/WM'>/>''''/>/>7/>7/mm7//7>m/7/7//77W/)/7l///l///7//////7/7/7///7/77/7//7/77/7//7/777/7///7/7///7<br />
FIG. 1. ELEVATION SHOWING DIFFERENT RETURN CONNECTIONS<br />
cool slightly, there<br />
will be no trouble,<br />
as the thin films of<br />
water flowing along<br />
the sides of the pipe<br />
are at practically<br />
the same temperature<br />
as the steam<br />
and cannot therefore<br />
produce a sudden<br />
condensation in<br />
sufficient volume to<br />
cause water-hammer.<br />
While the ideal<br />
way is to seal thc<br />
return from each<br />
radiator, as in Fig.<br />
1, it is not always
AUGUST 6, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 175<br />
possible or necessary, and two returns, which are<br />
under practically the same pressure, may be brought<br />
together in a single vertical return, as shown in<br />
Fig. 2, and carried down to the sealed main in the<br />
basement.<br />
The "dry" or "overhead" return is shown at the<br />
right in Fig. 1 and requires great care in its design<br />
and installation to prevent water-hammer, which is<br />
due primarily in this case to "short-circuiting" or<br />
"backing up." For example, in Fig. 3, the return<br />
water from radiator No. 2, and those beyond, is met<br />
at "A" by steam at a slightly higher temperature,<br />
from radiator No. 1, which is at once condensed to<br />
some extent, and snapping in the return pipe is produced<br />
at this point. Furthermore, radiator No. 2 is<br />
under a slightly lower pressure than No. 1, due to its<br />
greater distance from the boiler, and steam tends to<br />
Rad<br />
Return<br />
_f_ »<br />
. \<br />
<strong>Steam</strong><br />
Supply<br />
Rad<br />
FIG. 2. RETURNS FROM TWO RADIATORS CONNECTED TOGETHER<br />
pass through the return from No. 1, into the return<br />
from No. 2, and to hold back the condensation<br />
to some extent, causing surging in addition to the<br />
__.<br />
snapping.<br />
Conditions of this kind may be prevented by the<br />
use of individual seals or siphon loops, as shown in<br />
Fig. 4. This limits the areas of contact between the<br />
steam and cooler water as already described and also<br />
prevents steam at a higher pressure from passing<br />
through into the return. Any difference in pressure<br />
on the two sides of the loop is balanced by the water<br />
standing higher in one leg than in the other, as shown<br />
in the cut.<br />
A simple arrangement, illustrating the principles<br />
to be carried out in using dry returns, is shown at<br />
the right in Fig. 1. The condensation from the end<br />
of the steam supply line is dripped through a siphon<br />
to prevent short-circuiting. It will be noticed that<br />
the return from the first-floor radiator No. 1 is<br />
brought into the main return beyond that from the<br />
upper-floor radiator No. 2. This is because No. 1<br />
is at a slightly higher pressure, being nearer the<br />
boiler, and by connecting its return beyond that of<br />
No. 2 it tends to force the condensation toward the<br />
boiler instead of holding it back, as would be the case<br />
if the connections from the two radiators were reversed.<br />
If there were very much difference between<br />
the relative locations of radiators 1 and 2, with reference<br />
to the boiler, it would be best to insert a<br />
siphon loop in the return from No. 1.<br />
The illustrations given are of the simplest, but they<br />
serve to show conditions to be overcome and the general<br />
methods of doing it. A careful study of the<br />
diagrams in connection with the description given in<br />
the text should enable one to apply the same prin<br />
ciple to any building of ordinary size, as it is simply<br />
a repetition of the same methods, carried out on a<br />
larger scale.<br />
Another advantage of the wet return in two-pipe<br />
work is that each radiator is sealed against the entrance<br />
of steam through the return end, and neither<br />
is it possible for air to become caught or pocketed in<br />
the middle sections. This often happens with a dry<br />
return, when the return water is opened before the<br />
radiator is entirely filled with steam.<br />
When it is necessary to use dry returns on account<br />
of the pipes crossing doorways, etc., they should be<br />
of ample size and have a downward pitch of at least<br />
1 in. in 10 ft. toward the boiler. As a matter of fact,<br />
it is possible to use a wet return in most buildings<br />
of the class under consideration, at least for the main<br />
part, and employ overhead lines simply as special<br />
branches to overcome local obstacles as noted above.<br />
For the lengths of run and other conditions found<br />
in connection with dwelling houses and similar buildings<br />
the following pipe sizes will be<br />
Pipe Sizes found to give satisfaction. They<br />
for Two- are based on the square feet of di-<br />
Pipe Systems rect radiation to be supplied, and<br />
are suitable for distances up to 150<br />
ft. with a steam pressure of 1 lb.<br />
Square feet Diameter of Diameter of Diameter of<br />
of radiation <strong>Steam</strong> Pipe Dry Return Wet Return<br />
60 1 1 A*<br />
120 Vi 1 J<br />
160 1_= 154 ,\.<br />
450 2 VA VA<br />
750 2/2 2 1_<br />
1,200 3 2V, 2<br />
1.800 3
176 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUCUST 6, 1920<br />
expand in length about l 1 /. in- P er 100 ft. when lowpressure<br />
steam is turned into them, so it is evident<br />
this elongation must be taken into account when the<br />
system is laid out on the plans. For the sizes of pipe<br />
used in dwelling houses and similar buildings, and<br />
the lengths of run encountered, it is customary to take<br />
care of this by means of bends and offsets which<br />
cause any lengthening of a pipe to be taken up by the<br />
spring in another pipe at right angles to it, as shown<br />
in Fig. 5.<br />
Pad.<br />
f?eturn.<br />
Siphi<br />
on<br />
Loop.<br />
.o. ^•sit/on of pipe FT hen cold.<br />
Wafer<br />
Line in this<br />
WStde of Loop<br />
place in the same direction. At the end each line<br />
should be dripped into the return, a siphon loop being<br />
used if the return is above the water-line of the<br />
boiler.<br />
In determining the pipe sizes, start at the end of<br />
each branch and mark in pencil on the plan the number<br />
of square feet of radiation each is to supply,<br />
working back toward the boiler, and adding the sums<br />
as the branches unite. After the amount of radiation<br />
to be carried by each portion of the supply and return<br />
system has been noted in this way, the proper<br />
size may be taken at once from the tables given for<br />
this purpose.<br />
(To be continued)<br />
Why Money Is Scarce<br />
The following is an extract from an article by Paul<br />
Clay in Forbes Magazine on the cause of money be*<br />
ing scarce:<br />
The shortage of funds in the hands of the people, funds<br />
with which to pay the excessive prices, may best be seen by<br />
observing the approximate income and expenditure of the<br />
whole people. Some of the items are estimated as follows:<br />
Present annual wages and salaries... _ $51,937,200,000<br />
Aggregate corporation dividends and interest 3,212,700,000<br />
Interest income of private lenders- _ _ 1,070,900,000<br />
4-4<br />
Total income of American people<br />
Cost of living at pre-war standard<br />
$56,220,800,000<br />
44,956,800,000<br />
FIG. 4. RETURN SEALED TO AVOID SHORT CIRCUIT<br />
Balance - $11,264,000,000<br />
A typical piping layout for a small building is shown This balance over and above the estimated cost of living<br />
in plan in Fig. 6, and among other things illustrates<br />
the matter of flexibility just mentioned. If any one<br />
section of pipe is examined, it will be seen that any<br />
at the pre-war standard looks at first to be very liberal<br />
indeed; but the following items have to be paid out of it or<br />
charged against it:<br />
Approximate 1920 war taxes _ $5,000,000,000<br />
change in length will be taken care of by the trans Increase in consumption of luxuries (estimated) 5,000,000,000<br />
verse or sidewise spring of the sections with which it<br />
Personal savings at pre-war rate of 9 per cent. 5,059,800,000<br />
connects.<br />
All pipes and branches should be free to move in<br />
Total _ $15,059,800,000<br />
Just at the time when merchants and producers were<br />
their hangers or supports in order to adjust them forced to hasten the sale of their products because they<br />
selves to the movements caused by expansion and<br />
contraction. All supply mains and branches should<br />
grade down slightly from a high point over the boiler,<br />
could not borrow more money at the banks, the spending<br />
monty in the hands of the people ran short. According to<br />
estimates, the shortage was at the rate of about $4,000,000,-<br />
000 per annum, or $333,000,000 per month. Hence, it re<br />
so that the flow of steam and condensation may take quired extra persuasion to sell goods, and there was nothing<br />
to do but cut prices. The question of overproduction or<br />
Position of pipe rthen hot.<br />
underproduction was immaterial, for our business concerns<br />
as a whole had to have funds to meet pressing obligations,<br />
and could not get these funds except by hastening sales.<br />
1<br />
I<br />
I<br />
Q Anchor<br />
FIG. 5. THE EFFECT OF EXPANSION<br />
V///////////A7>'77777777>7/W/7/h.<br />
FIG. 6. BASEMENT PLAN OF PIPING ARRANGEMENT
AUGUST 6, 1920 ^ETAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Saving Time in Rolling 12 inch Pieces<br />
Calculated -- Means Greater Output<br />
Economy in Use of Wider Sheet Bars<br />
THERE is perhaps no individual branch of the<br />
iron and steel industry in the United States<br />
that presents such an expanding field as the<br />
manufacture of sheets. In roofing sheets the gages<br />
and sizes have a tendency to run heavier and larger<br />
than the staple roofing sheets of the past. Automobile<br />
stock runs in larger sizes and heavier gages<br />
than the 22 and 20 gage sheets which used to form<br />
the bulk of the roofing requirements.<br />
The use of sheets for other purposes than roofing<br />
is growing by leaps and bounds. Car siding for passenger<br />
cars and trim for interior of passenger cars<br />
must in the future be of sheet metal, as the supply of<br />
suitable timber is being exhausted and its replacement<br />
by means of the slow natural growth of the<br />
harder ornamental woods need not be counted on as a<br />
practical future supply except in exceptional cases<br />
such as private cars and the like where considerations<br />
of expense are neglected. The same applies<br />
to office furniture and office sash, trim, etc. Equally,<br />
ship's cabin trim and fixtures, berths, etc., will<br />
largely be of sheet metal in the future for the same<br />
reason, shortage of ornamental timber.<br />
All of these comparatively new and growing uses<br />
for sheets of iron and steel run to the heavier gages.<br />
The fiat sheet, 27 or 28 gage requirements, will always<br />
be with us, with a tendency to increase in<br />
Heavier volume rather than decrease; but the sizes<br />
Gages of 6 to 8 ft. long and 24, 30 and 36 in.<br />
wide will probably remain unaltered. These<br />
lighter sheets can well be efficiently and economically<br />
rolled from 8-in. bars of varying thickness, seldom,<br />
however, exceeding % in., on jump roughing mills.<br />
The bars come from the steel works in about 30-ft.<br />
lengths, and it has become customary to roll these in<br />
widths of 6, 7 and 8 in. in varying thicknesses. They<br />
are sheared at the sheet mill into sheet lengths. The<br />
length of the sheared bar constitutes the width of the<br />
sheet, there being little or no elongation of the bar<br />
in the direction of its length in the process of conversion<br />
from bar to sheet, the reduction of area and consequent<br />
elongation of the sheet taking place in the<br />
direction of the width of the bar.<br />
There are many advantages in the use of jump<br />
roughing stands, whether these are used on the socalled<br />
Welsh system, roughing and finishing on the<br />
same stand, or whether a stand of sand roughing rolls<br />
is installed for two stands of chilled finishing rolls,<br />
as has been the usual American practice. The outstanding<br />
gain is the elimination of the pinion stand,<br />
and minor advantages consist of the cheaper type of<br />
housing required, as the balancing rigging is not<br />
necessary in the case of a jump rougher.<br />
This brings up the question of why pinion stands<br />
•Reprinted from the Iron Age.<br />
By Clement R. Poppleton<br />
177<br />
and balanced roughing stands have been considered<br />
necessary in the past. In sheets the thickness of the<br />
bar is the direct factor governing the<br />
Thickness of size of the finished sheet, as this is<br />
Bar Governs function of weight. Assuming a fin-<br />
Sneet Size ished sheet is to be 6 ft. x 30 in., 24<br />
gage, the sheared sheet would weigh<br />
1.02 lb. per sq. ft, or 1,5.3 lb. A good percentage of<br />
waste can be taken at 10 per .cent, and as two sheets<br />
come from one bar (they are doubled before reheating)<br />
the bar would be 31 x 8 about 15-32 in., or 33.66<br />
lb. in weight.<br />
This bar will easily enter the pass of a jump<br />
rougher, the top roll of wliich is driven by friction<br />
alone, so that for this and similar size and weight<br />
sheets the Welsh system is economically applicable.<br />
There is, however, a limit to the size sheet that<br />
can be rolled on a jump rougher. A thicker bar<br />
than 114 in. is very difficult to get into the pass<br />
of the jump rougher, as the top roll is not balanced<br />
(this roll rests on the bottom driven roll) and the<br />
gap has to be forced by the bar itself, making the<br />
rollers work very laboriously. Of course the top roll<br />
may be balanced although it is not driven. This<br />
balancing renders the work of the roller in the first<br />
pass much easier but increases the initial cost of the<br />
housing and rigging.<br />
From this it will be seen that the size of sheet<br />
that it is possible to roll on the Welsh system is<br />
limited to 6 ft. x 30 in. x 16 gage, or 12 ft. 10 in. x 36<br />
in. wide in 24 gage. It is to be observed, however<br />
than in actual commercial practice 12 ft. by 36 in.<br />
wide would be the limit rolled in 24 gage, for which<br />
a slightly lighter bar than H/4 in. thick would be<br />
required. For large sheets in 28 gage, the limit is<br />
8 ft. x 36 in. wide, and again a lighter bar is used.<br />
Assuming that sheets 10 ft. long x 36 in. wide and<br />
of 16 gage are required, the bar would have to weigh<br />
84.15 lb., or be over 2 in. thick. This thickness of<br />
bar would necessitate the use of a balanced top roll<br />
for the roughing pass, and to grip the thickness this<br />
top roll would have to be driven, necessitating the use<br />
of a pair of pinions. Thus it appears that the main<br />
reason for using the pinions is the fact that the practice<br />
of the trade has been to confine the width of the<br />
sheet bar to 8 in.<br />
If the bar were 12 in. wide by 37 in. long, the<br />
square area would become 444 sq. in. and taking 1<br />
cu. in. of steel as weighing 0.283 lb., the thickness<br />
of the bar to give the required weight of bar, 168.80<br />
lb., would be 1.339 in., which it is just possible to<br />
rough through a balanced jump rougher. It must<br />
be remembered, however, that a sheet 10 ft. long x<br />
36 in. wide x 16 gage is an extreme out size and<br />
would be rolled verv seldom or never in actual com-
178 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 6. 1920<br />
mercial practice, and as a consequence all the com With the first pass on an 8-in. bar and the rollmercially<br />
used sheets would come well within the ing time of 0.242 sec, and with 10 sec. interval for<br />
l^-in. limit of thickness, and for a mill whose prod the catcher to take the bar and pass it over the top<br />
uct would be mainly used for automobile or car siding<br />
roll back to the roller, 10.242 sec. elapses<br />
stock it would be well to have all the roughing stands More Time until the bar reaches the roller for the<br />
balanced, although the expense of the extra balancing for 8-in. second pass. The area after the second<br />
rigging could well be spared in the ordinary mill Bar pass is 8.82 sq. in., and allowing 30 per<br />
designed for the usual run of commercial products<br />
cent, reduction of area, the area after<br />
in the way of sheets.<br />
the third pass would be 6.17 sq. in. and the length<br />
It seems to the writer that there is nn reason why of embryo sheet would be 23.32 in.<br />
the bars should not be taken off the bar mill 12 in. The comparison then would be:<br />
wide, at least no reason that is prohibitive. In fact,<br />
this would make for a bar mill economy, as it would<br />
First pass, 12 in. bar __<br />
increase the output of the bar mill. It is<br />
Economy obvious that the larger the sectional area<br />
Second pass, 12-in. bar<br />
in 12-in.- of the finished bar the shorter time it<br />
wide Bars will take to produce a given tonnage, and<br />
Length,<br />
_ 0.363 sec. 17.14 in.<br />
Interval, 10 sec. 10.363 sec.<br />
Length,<br />
0.519 sec. 24.48 in.<br />
Total time, 10.882 sec.<br />
Length,<br />
the wider bar would necessarily mean a First pass, 8-in. bar - 0.242 sec. 11.428 in.<br />
decreased amount of duty for the roughing pass in the<br />
Interval, 10 sec. 10.242 sec<br />
sheet mill for the reason that the reduction of area<br />
Length,<br />
and consequent elongation of the embryo sheet is already<br />
50 per cent, from 8 in. wide to 12 in. wide<br />
before the first pass. The elongation from bar to<br />
sheet is always in the direction of the width of the<br />
bar.<br />
Second pass, 8-in. bar 0.346 sec. 16.31 in.<br />
Interval, 10 sec. 20.588 sec<br />
Length,<br />
Third pass, 8-in. bar 0.494 sec. 23.32 in.<br />
Total time, 21.082 sec<br />
Or, in other words, the length of the embryo sheet<br />
Thus running on an 18-in. finishing mill at 40 from the 12-in. bar would be greater after the sec<br />
r.p.m., 5 ft. in length of 12 x y2-in. bar would weigh ond pass than the length of the embryo sheet from<br />
1,320 lb. and would take 1.59 sec. in the finishing the 8-in. bar after the third pass.<br />
pass.<br />
The corresponding weight of 8-in. bar would be<br />
S^-in. thick if 5 ft. long, and would take up the<br />
same amount of time on the bar mill, but to reduce<br />
the work of the roughing pass in the sheet mill to<br />
The time comparison would be for the 12-in.<br />
bar 10.882 sec. from bar to the 24.48 in. embryo<br />
sheet. For the 8-in. bar 21.082 sec. to the 23.32in.<br />
embryo sheet. This saving of time must necessarily<br />
increase the output per stand.<br />
An added economy is due to the fact that the<br />
the equivalent of the 12 x l/2-in. bar would be im heat is dissipated in direct ratio to the time elapsed<br />
possible on account of the weight of the bar being from the taking of the bars out of the furnace, and,<br />
too light.<br />
of course, it is obvious that the more passes on the<br />
Thus we see that taking 30 per cent, reduction roughing stand before the heat is dissipated, the<br />
of area on a 12 x l/2-in. bar 24 in. long, weight 40.80 better results will be obtained both in! finish of<br />
lb., cubical contents, 144 cu. in., the first pass would sheets and reduction of the number of passes re<br />
give an embryo sheet 17.14 in. long, 24 in. wide and quired to get down to gage in the finishing pass and<br />
about 23-64 in. thick, having, a cubical content of the corollary of saving in fuel.<br />
144 cu. in., and would be 0.363 sec. in the pass, the The economies to be effected in capital outlay are<br />
diameter of the rolls being 30 in. and the speed of obvious. First, the outstanding feature is the entire<br />
the mill train 30 r.p.m.<br />
elimination of the pinions and their housings. It<br />
To get this length from an 8 x 3/4-in. bar at the is very risky to assume even an approximate cost<br />
same amount of reduction of area, namely, 30 per<br />
for rolling mill equipment in the<br />
cent., and with the same diameter of rolls, 30 in., Obvious Econ- present market, but a pair of 30-in.<br />
and the same speed of mill train, 30 r.p.m., would omy in Capital pinions with tlieir housings and caps<br />
require three passes. The first reduction would be Outlay and the extra spindle for driving the<br />
from the 8 x S^-in. bar, 24 in. long, of 40.80 lb.<br />
top roll of the roughing stand would<br />
weight, and 144 cu. in. contents. The area to be cost at least $15,750 assembled on the shoe plates, to<br />
reduced, 24ix% in., or 18 sq. in., would at 30 per which must be added the extra cost of the balancing<br />
cent, reduction become, after the first pass, 12.60 rigging, approximately $3,000. There would be a<br />
sq. in., and the length of the embryo sheets 11.428 small offset to this in the shape of the extra cost of<br />
in., the cubical contents being 144 cu. in. The time spindle and one extra spindle carrier approximately<br />
in the first pass would be 0.242 sec.<br />
$4,000, leaving the net saving 14,750 for each stand<br />
Carrying the same reduction of area to the second of pinions eliminated.<br />
pass, viz., 30 per cent., we have this condition: Em The item of lubrication for the pinions would, of<br />
bryo sheet 11.428 in. long x 24 in. wide x about course, be eliminated, thus effecting a very consid<br />
33-64 in., having an area to be reduced of 12.60 erable annual saving in operating costs, and to this<br />
sq. in. and a cubical content of 144 cu. in. The area annual saving must be added the expense of upkeep<br />
after the second pass would thus become 8.82 sq. in., and renewals of pinions and brasses.<br />
which would mean an embryo sheet 16.31 in. long x 24 It is not economy to roll heavier sheets than 16<br />
in. wide x about 23-64 in. thick, having a cubical con gage on a sheet mill. These sheets should be rolled<br />
tent of 144 cu. in., and the time in the second pass on a jobbing mill where it is possible to utilize a<br />
being 0.346 sec.<br />
much heavier slab and roll sheets to a very consider-
AUGUST 6, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 179<br />
able length, shearing to the required size afterward.<br />
In fact, a well-proportioned steel works, doing a<br />
large business in sheets for the modern requirements,<br />
should always have a sheet mill and jobbing mill<br />
run in conjunction with each other. There is, in<br />
fact, a double economy to be effected by this.<br />
A jobbing mill has its economical range between<br />
16 gage and 3-16 in. thick and thus would be a great<br />
relief to the plate mill, as rolling 3-16-in. plate on<br />
a lare plate mill is very uneconomical.<br />
Shop Method for Laying Out a<br />
Twisted Offset<br />
By Practical<br />
AF EW weeks ago we were putting up some heat<br />
pipe and, when we got to the connection between<br />
the ceiling of the first floor and the floor line<br />
of the second floor, we found a fitting was missing.<br />
The partition on the second floor ran at right angles<br />
to the partition on the first floor and a fitting was<br />
needed with a 12-in. slant height, with a twist indi-<br />
g ALLOW LARS<br />
SHOP METHOD OF GETTING PATTERN FOR TWISTED OFFSET<br />
cated in Fig. 1, both openings being made for 4 in.<br />
x 10 in. pipe.<br />
If the sheet metal worker will follow me, he will<br />
find how easy this was to lay out direct on the sheet<br />
metal. First a line was marked 5 in. (or one-half of<br />
10) from the end of the sheet, as shown by A-B in<br />
Fig. 2. At right angles to A-B the line B-D was<br />
drawn and the height B-A made equal to the slant<br />
height desired or in this case 12-in., indicated by<br />
A in Fig. 1. Through A in Fig. 2, the line A-C<br />
was drawn parallel to B-D. As the size of pipe used<br />
was 4 x 10 in, 5-in. was laid off each side of B and<br />
2-in. on each side of A, all as shown, and lines were<br />
drawn from these points as indicated.<br />
Now alternately at top and bottom of the pattern<br />
the distances 10-4-10 (at top) and 4-10-4, (at bottom)<br />
were laid off in inches, and lines drawn as shown<br />
which resulted in perfectly straight lines. Collars<br />
indicated by F and E were added, and notched out<br />
—as shown by R-S and T.<br />
The net pattern shape was the result of the operation,<br />
to which laps were allowed for double seaming<br />
•or riveting the corner. The collars were bent as indicated<br />
in the section to which the straight pipes were<br />
connected.<br />
The offset in question was placed central; that is<br />
one pipe directly in the center over the other. When<br />
this offset is not central, that is, when it projects<br />
more one way than another, a different method is<br />
•employed in getting the pattern, and will form the<br />
subject of another article in the near future.<br />
Nickel Plating Rolled Zinc<br />
TTSERS of rolled zinc frequently desire to nickelplate<br />
either the original strips and sheets of zinc<br />
or the articles made of it as nickel-plating on zinc is<br />
a regular process in a number of manufacturing plants.<br />
In some cases there has been diffculty in obtaining<br />
adherent deposits and good color. The plater who<br />
has had no experience in plating zinc is likely to obtain<br />
streaky, non-adherent deposits but the causes of<br />
these difficulties and remedies are given as follows by<br />
the New Jersey Zinc Co., 160 Front Street, New York:<br />
First, the surface to be plated is absolutely clean,<br />
yet zinc is readily attacked by strong solutions of<br />
caustic alkalis such as caustic soda with the attendant<br />
formation of various compounds on the surface of the<br />
zinc. Even such a mild alkali as soda ash (sodium<br />
carbonate) reacts under certain conditions with the<br />
zinc to form a thin surface film of basic carbonate.<br />
If it is attempted to clean the zinc in solutions<br />
containing much caustic alkali or if the action of<br />
cleaners composed essentially of sodium carbonate is<br />
not carefully watched and controlled, the deposit of<br />
of nickel will be separated from the zinc by a thin<br />
imperceptible layer of these basic compounds. Such a<br />
deposit will inevitably appear, no matter how good the<br />
solution may be.<br />
An alkali of some sort is necessary to remove the<br />
grease and oil left on the surface from the bottom<br />
operations. A cleaner composed of sodium carbonate<br />
with only a small amount of caustic soda may be successfully<br />
used if care is taken that the zinc is left in<br />
the solution no longer than needed to remove grease.<br />
There is always the tendency toward the formation<br />
of a surface film with the resulting pealing when<br />
using this type of cleaner, and it is desirable to avoid<br />
this danger. If zinc is used as the cathode in an electric<br />
cleaner, the evolution of hydrogen gas at the surface<br />
of the zinc effectively prevents the formation of<br />
an interfering film of basic compound. Moreover,<br />
the formation of bubbles assists mechanically in the<br />
emulsification of the oil or grease in the alkali solution.<br />
For these reasons the use of an electric cleaner<br />
with zinc as the cathode is recommended for cleaning<br />
zinc preparatory to plating of any kind. A solution<br />
containing four ounces of sodium carbonate per gallon<br />
gives good results.<br />
After the zinc has remained in the cleaner the necessary<br />
length of time, it should be removed from the<br />
bath, rinsed in clean water and placed in the plating<br />
tank without delay. The surface of the zinc should<br />
not be allowed to become dry as slight oxidation would<br />
result and this in turn would cause a non-adherent<br />
coating. At this stage of the operation the thoroughness<br />
of the cleaning may be judged; if the rinsing<br />
water covers the entire surface when removed momentarily<br />
the surface is properly cleaned, but if there is a<br />
tendency for the water to collect in drops or streaks<br />
instead of remaining in an even sheet over the surface<br />
the cleaning has not been carried on long enough and<br />
should be continued a while longer.<br />
Nickel may be deposited upon zinc by simply immersing<br />
the zinc article in a nickel solution, but such a<br />
deposit is always black and non-adherent. When de-<br />
(Continued on page 195)
180 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 6, 1920<br />
The Five Components of Cost<br />
Is It Covered in the Estimate?* _<br />
Neglecting Any of the Elements of Construction Expense<br />
Means Service Without Payment—Analysis Shows Items<br />
Which the Estimator Sometimes Omits—The Contractor<br />
Is Entitled to Salary — Profit Is the Return on His<br />
Capital Investment<br />
T H E subject, "Cost Estimating," is of unusually<br />
wide scope as practically each type of contract<br />
work has to be analyzed on its own merits and is<br />
subject to special considerations. In all cases, however,<br />
the following elements enter and must be given<br />
consideration:<br />
Financial Credit.<br />
Constructive Skill.<br />
Use of Plant.<br />
Hazard.<br />
Profit.<br />
The contractor should make a carefully prepared<br />
schedule of the amount of money which will have to<br />
be invested in the proposed work from the time he<br />
signs the contract until his final estimate<br />
Financial is rendered. From such schedule he must<br />
Credit determine the amount of interest this<br />
money will cost and this amount is a<br />
proper charge against the work. If this is not done,<br />
the contractor is merely contributing to the owner<br />
this amount.<br />
Furthermore, a careful analysis along these lines<br />
will often disclose the fact that a certain piece of<br />
work requires a larger amount of money to handle it<br />
than is apparent at first glance. Such a condition<br />
might work a hardship if not disaster on the contractor<br />
in spite of the fact that all other considerations<br />
had been taken care of. It is a notorious fact<br />
that on certain types of contracts, pay for preliminary<br />
work, which may be a large item, cannot be<br />
secured through the medium of the regular unit prices<br />
until the work has progressed well along to completion.<br />
Contractors engaged in business are entitled to<br />
receive compensation in the shape of an annual salary<br />
for personal services rendered. It is our belief that<br />
any computations of cost should include<br />
Constructive suflicient amount to cover such salary<br />
Skill whether it be that of a single individual<br />
or various members of a partnership or<br />
corporation. If this is not done, the contractor is<br />
contributing his services to the owner without remuneration,<br />
because by no stretch of the imagination can<br />
there be any rightly considered profit except as ovei<br />
and above a reasonable salary allowance to the contractor<br />
himself.<br />
•Report of Committee on Cost Estimate ot the Northwestern<br />
Association of General Contractors.<br />
Regarding the use of plant, this item justifies an<br />
independent discussion by itself and we suggest that<br />
the association appoint a committee to deal directly<br />
with it.<br />
Many specifications include clauses which contemplate<br />
making the contractor assume risks which should<br />
properly be borne by the site, or in other words,<br />
should be at the owners' risk. In making a<br />
Hazard proposal on such work the contractor has<br />
two alternatives—one to protect himself in<br />
his proposal against such risks by special provision<br />
in his proposal, or secondly, to put a large value on<br />
any possible risk which he is asked to stand.<br />
It mav be well to add in this connection that while<br />
it ordinarily behooves a contractor to be somewhat of<br />
an optimist he can well afford to be a confirmed pessimist<br />
when figuring this portion of a contract. It is<br />
possible this fact more than any other has caused<br />
good firms to have to go out of the contracting business.<br />
As to the necessity of a profit we can all be agreed.<br />
As to the amount which must be added as a percentage<br />
on the cost, differences of opinion will exist, but it<br />
must be remembered that the contracting bus-<br />
Profit iness is a particularly hazardous one; that<br />
it is irregular in volume and that every contract<br />
will not necessarily be profitable.<br />
Furthermore, it must be remembered that the average<br />
merchant sells goods from his shelves at a profit<br />
with a definitely established cost for the goods themselves.<br />
The manufacturer sells on short-term contracts—his<br />
overhead, plant installation and plant<br />
maintenance costs are established and regular, and<br />
while he may not in all cases be willing to admit it,<br />
the manufacturer is practically working on a cost<br />
plus basis to day. The only difference in most cases<br />
between his method of fixing prices and that of a cost<br />
plus construction contract is that the manufacturer<br />
can and does add a larger profit for the use of his<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization, brains and energy. The contractor must<br />
provide his plant, must guess at the cost of it, in<br />
fact, must guess at the operating cost, must guess<br />
successfully if he is to stay in the business as to what<br />
the labor market will be, and if he is willing to do<br />
this he is surely entitled to a fair margin of profit.<br />
The following items also enter into most work and<br />
must be considered in detail before the preliminary<br />
cost of a piece of work can be considered as complete:
AUGUST 6, 1920<br />
Interest.<br />
Overhead Expense.<br />
Bonds.<br />
Insurance:<br />
Employers' Liability.<br />
Public Liability.<br />
Fire Insurance.<br />
Special Risks.<br />
Freight on Outfit to and<br />
from Work.<br />
Moving In and Out.<br />
Land Damages.<br />
Toolhouse and Other Buildings.<br />
Preliminary W r .ork.<br />
Cost of Materials Plus<br />
METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Freight.<br />
Hauling Materials.<br />
Supervision.<br />
Labor.<br />
Loss on Board.<br />
Transportation of Labor.<br />
Tools.<br />
Plant Rental.<br />
Supplies.<br />
Running Repairs.<br />
General Repairs.<br />
Special.<br />
Machinery.<br />
Fuel and Power.<br />
Water.<br />
Taking up these items in order we will comment<br />
briefly on each:<br />
INTEREST—This is covered in our discussion of financial<br />
credits.<br />
OVERHEAD—A contractor should establish the proper cost<br />
of the overhead charges in his business. This should include<br />
the charges salary allowance for members of the<br />
firm, traveling expenses, etc. Provision should also be<br />
made here for the maintenance of an equipment storage<br />
yard.<br />
BONDS—No comment should be necessary on this item.<br />
INSURANCE—It is not necessary to make a discussion of<br />
the ordinary items, but we wish to call attention to the<br />
fact that prudence would require that any combustible<br />
material, together with camps, storehouses, etc., should<br />
be insured and such insurance is, of course, a proper item<br />
of cost to the work. There are often special risks which<br />
occur upon a job which may be protected by insurance, and<br />
such insurance is also part of the cost.<br />
FREIGHT ON OUTFIT—This is possibly a portion of the<br />
item following, but we have listed it separately because we<br />
believe that many contractors under-estimate the amount<br />
of freight that they will be required to pay on their outfits<br />
in such cases.<br />
MOVING IN AND OUT EXPENSE—This is an item frequently<br />
overlooked by contractors, but one which requires<br />
careful consideration. First, there is expense of loading<br />
outfit at the shop; second, the unloading of it at point of<br />
destination; third, the moving of it; fourth, the setting up<br />
and getting plant ready to operate, and the reverse of all<br />
these operations until the plant is again delivered in the<br />
contractor's yard.<br />
LAND DAMAGES—This is an item which we believe many<br />
contractors neglect entirely and still it is one which costs<br />
considerable sums of money. This seems particularly true<br />
in connection with county road work. Land damages accrue<br />
from the use of property, from moving outfits across<br />
property, and for storage yard and other construction<br />
layout.<br />
TOOLHOUSE AND OTHER BUILDINGS—This is another fruitful<br />
source of under-estimating by contractors.<br />
PRELIMINARY WORK—This is an item which should not<br />
only be considered in cost estimating, but we believe that<br />
we should digress from the subject for a moment and<br />
call attention to the fact that it is probably a duty which<br />
every contractor owes to himself to work out a definite<br />
scheme of handling a piece of work before he proceeds<br />
with an estimate. This does not mean that he must detail<br />
the laying out of an entire piece of work but that he must<br />
see clearly that a certain general line of procedure can be<br />
followed with expectation of proper results therefrom.<br />
COST OF MATERIALS—Mention is made of this particularly<br />
to emphasize the fact that a cost estimate is usually based<br />
on certain material quotations, and it is very necessary<br />
in these times that a prospective bidder should be careful<br />
to be properly covered with material quotations when<br />
making a bid and to close up promptly with the material<br />
dealers after the award of the contract.<br />
In connection with this comes a question of freight which<br />
must not be overlooked but in case of the present railway<br />
situation it would seem necessary for every bidder to make<br />
special provision in his proposal to protect against a<br />
change in freight rates during the time of the work.<br />
HAULING MATERIALS—All hauling costs should be verv<br />
carefully analyzed, as they are often a fruitful source of<br />
tinder-estimation.<br />
SOTERVISION—Care should be taken to see that any computation<br />
of labor also includes any supervision which is<br />
not covered in the item of overhead. This would usually<br />
mean general foremen, timekeepers, labor agents<br />
LABOR—Labor is perhaps the most difficult item in the<br />
computing of cost which a contractor has to deal with<br />
Kates have been rising for several years and it is apparent<br />
hat wages have not reached their peak. Provision must<br />
he made somewhere to protect against what the bidder<br />
considers the maximum rate which will accrue during- the<br />
life of the contract.<br />
6<br />
i L O S S ,°N B OARD—In most cases there is a definite board<br />
loss. While this may not be true with large jobs, working<br />
through a considerable period of time, the small crew usually<br />
contributes a constant loss.<br />
TRANSPORTATION OF LABOR—This is an item very often<br />
neglected, yet it is very common to have to advance railroad<br />
fares to laborers with the resulting increase in the cost of<br />
the work.<br />
TOOLS—Contractors often fail to make the proper allowance<br />
for tools. Careful analysis of work done will show that<br />
a tool item is a very appreciable one in every contract and<br />
will also indicate that tools do not carry any too well<br />
from job to job, but that there is a definite and* heavy loss<br />
on every job in connection with this item.<br />
SUPPLIES—This is an item which is often neglected as<br />
being a minor consideration. On certain classes of work it<br />
is really, instead, a very happy item, and should be given<br />
careful consideration. The contractor will save himself<br />
money by checking up his past work and arriving at a clear<br />
understanding of what such costs really are.<br />
RUNNING AND GENERAL REPAIRS—These should be discussed<br />
in connection with the use of plant, of plant rental,<br />
but in any case the contractor must understand that they<br />
are necessary parts of the cost of doing a piece of work.<br />
SPECIAL MACHINERY—On many contracts it is necessary<br />
to employ in addition to an ordinary contractor's plant some<br />
special form of machinery either purchased from a manufacturer<br />
or built by the contractor for the work. In either<br />
case plant rental is not a proper charge for this class of<br />
equipment. The entire cost of it less its scrap value must<br />
be charged to the one job on which it is useu, otnerwise a<br />
contractor may complete a large amount of work and find<br />
the entire profits tied up in machinery which has little value<br />
other than scrap.<br />
FUEL AND POWER—The cost of power especially varies<br />
so much in different localities that the bidder should<br />
acquaint himself carefully with the local conditions. If a<br />
large amount of fuel is involved careful allowance must be<br />
made for the hauling and handling of same.<br />
WATER—This item often becomes a serious obstacle to<br />
the proper handling of work and is one that requires a great<br />
deal of attention. It sometimes adds very materially to the<br />
cost. In addition to this, we wish to impress all contractors<br />
with the desirability of investigating the available water<br />
supply in connection with a given piece of work before<br />
making their figures.<br />
We cannot close the discussion of cost estimating<br />
without dwelling for a moment on the question of<br />
cost keeping. The fact that so many contracting<br />
concerns are closed out of business each year is a<br />
strong indication that something is not<br />
Conclusion correct with the way construction work<br />
is figured. A good deal of it comes from<br />
neglecting a number of items which we have men<br />
tioned above and which do not appeal to some men<br />
as being of enough moment to give direct considera<br />
tion to when making figures. Other trouble comes<br />
from not keeping careful cost data of work done and<br />
analyzing such costs.<br />
It is not the purpose of this report to go into de<br />
tail regarding such things, but we believe that a con<br />
tractor should avoid using manufacturers' statements<br />
of operating costs as well as any other stop-watch<br />
(Continued on page 193)<br />
181
182 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 6. 1920<br />
Successful Heating Attends the Practice That in Every<br />
Way Conforms to Natures Laws<br />
The Common Sense of Furnace Heatin<br />
Friction and restriction create trouble; ample capacity<br />
everywhere prevents complaints; if you tell the customer<br />
the why of it you will have the way of it<br />
T H E best aid to giving customers satisfaction from<br />
the furnaces which you install is your experience<br />
and common sense. Use them to the limit. They<br />
are your biggest and best asset in applying all the<br />
rules and aids you get from books, engineers, manufacturers<br />
and salesmen. Do not become overwhelmed<br />
or confused if you get a lot of conflicting information.<br />
Your job is to sort it all over and use it in accordance<br />
with common sense on the job in hand. All of it will<br />
be of use at some time, so remember it but keep your<br />
head. You are the one who is responsible, who will<br />
get the praise or the blame, so use what is most needed<br />
in all enterprises, just plain, every-day common sense.<br />
Now to consider the application. You have found a<br />
house, the owner of which can well afford the comfort<br />
of a good heating outfit. It is common sense to hunt<br />
such customers. They are yours and generally without<br />
competition, for certainly you are the first in the<br />
customer's memory and have shown him something of<br />
benefit to him. You have shown your interest and<br />
have made clear the necessity of doing the job right.<br />
But the house is to be the scene of your success in<br />
heating it, in making a profit and extending your<br />
prestige, so study it.<br />
There is no auestion but what wind has an effect<br />
on furnace heating outfits, so see from what direction<br />
the wintry blasts will strike the house. The location<br />
of trees, a hill or some other building will deflect the<br />
north wind and make it strike the house on the east<br />
side, while it may be sheltered on the west. Take your<br />
air supply accordingly and locate the furnace so the<br />
pipes will be short running to the cold side.<br />
It may be that your customer wants a really firstclass<br />
job and the best you know how to do. Then<br />
make the air supply duct big enough, fully equal in<br />
area to the total area of all the warm-air pipes. If<br />
possible enclose the window from which<br />
Make the the air supply is taken and make it a<br />
Air Supply room or chamber big enough to have<br />
.Imple three or four times the capacity of the<br />
air duct you intend to run from it<br />
through the furnace. This will make it a settling<br />
chamber so that dust and dirt will collect and not be<br />
carried into the furnace. It will also serve as a<br />
cushion to break up the force of the wind that will<br />
enter through the opening to this chamber.<br />
It may be that the house will be so located that<br />
winds will drive against it sometimes from one side<br />
and sometimes from the other side. This may necessitate<br />
the use of a cold air duct from each side of the<br />
house, to be operated by closing the damper on one<br />
side and opening it on the other as requirements may<br />
indicate.<br />
It may be better to take the air supply from within<br />
the liouse, from the hall or from one or two of the<br />
large rooms on the first floor. There will then be no<br />
zero air to come in contact with the fur-<br />
Inside Air nace to use coal to heat it up to 70 deg.<br />
Supply Has before it commences to absorb extra<br />
Advantages heat lost through the walls and windows<br />
while maintaining a comfortable<br />
temperature in the various rooms heated.<br />
Inside air supply has been quite commonly used all<br />
across the northern border of the United States for<br />
many years and it is now being more generally used<br />
wherever furnace heating systems are installed. Apparently<br />
the results have not been detrimental to the<br />
health of those occupying the homes, even if theoretically<br />
there is something hygienically in favor of the<br />
outdoor air supply. The main thing about the air<br />
supply is that it shall be adequate and continuous<br />
whether it comes from indoors or outdoors, whether<br />
from the point of intake it runs in a duct under the<br />
floor to a pit over which the furnace is placed, having<br />
a pier in the center to support the weight, or whether<br />
it runs on top of the floor and connect with the casing<br />
of the furnace.<br />
It has already been indicated that the location of<br />
the furnace is of great importance. The point of location<br />
is not governed by the loca-<br />
You Must tion of the coal bin, where the cellar<br />
Select Location stairs come down, or some other simfor<br />
Furnace ilar seemingly important thing. The<br />
point of location is governed by the<br />
ease with which the air heated by the furnace can flow<br />
through the pipes to the rooms to be heated.<br />
The location must insure to the greatest possible extent<br />
that the little force that actuates the flow of air<br />
will overcome the vagaries of the wind on the outside.<br />
The wind has an effect through forcing its way<br />
through the pores of the building material and in<br />
around the cracks of doors and windows on the windward<br />
side and it flows out freely through the same<br />
openings on the other side of the building.<br />
Consequently, within the building there is a movement<br />
of air toward the side where it can escape the<br />
easiest. This, in a large measure, governs the flow<br />
of air and if the air is taken from the inside of the<br />
building, this is very largely overcome. So it can be<br />
readily seen that the location of the furnace is most<br />
.mportant. It means that it must be so that the pipes<br />
are shortest and with the sharpest pitch which lead to
AUCUST 6, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 183<br />
the rooms most exposed to the wind and weather and<br />
which naturally will require the most heat.<br />
A man will naturally cuss some if he has to carry<br />
the coal around the furnace, but he will cuss more if<br />
he can't heat the house. A woman may not cuss, but<br />
she will say other things if she has to come down the<br />
cellar stairs and walk around the furnace to get to the<br />
storeroom or some other supplies kept in the cellar.<br />
But she would be uncomfortable and complain all winter<br />
if the furnace were so located that it could not<br />
do its work.<br />
In this it is implied that everything must be done<br />
to avoid friction. Too many people do not make their<br />
furnace bonnets in a way that will let the air flow to<br />
the best advantage through the pipes, do<br />
Friction an not connect their pipes so that there is<br />
Expensive the best possible flow of air from the fur-<br />
Enemy nace into them to send the warm current<br />
to the register. Then at the other end<br />
of the pipe away from the furnace, it must be connected<br />
with the wall stack or register in such a way<br />
that the right-angled turn upward is made with the<br />
least possible friction or resistance.<br />
A round pipe cannot be attached to the flat side<br />
of a wall stack and good results expected. There<br />
must be a transition piece which will enable the air<br />
to flow from one to the other with greater facility<br />
than an abrupt turn.<br />
No labor or expense for a fitting is too great to be<br />
borne if it will insure the elimination of friction,<br />
more satisfactory heating and consequently a lesser<br />
consumption of fuel to do the work. Friction at points<br />
where air flow through the pipes and through the registers<br />
is only overcome by forcing the furnace, burning<br />
coal, wearing the furnace out and yet often interfering<br />
with the proper heating of the building on<br />
severely cold days.<br />
It is the cold day with a high wind which the plant<br />
must be designed to meet and maintain a comfortable<br />
temperature in the building. So when you are called<br />
upon to make an estimate and lay out a plant in the<br />
summer-time, do not overlook the be-<br />
Outfit Must low zero blizzard that the furnace<br />
Heat on will have to offset. If all these<br />
Coldest Days things are explained to the customer<br />
with the reasons why the recommendations<br />
must be granted, he will not complain about<br />
an expensive coal consumption, or cold house on cold<br />
days, but rather will be a rooter for your methods of<br />
installing a furnace heating system.<br />
Now a word about the furnace. A furnace with an<br />
ample firepot is essential for on the amount of coal<br />
burned depends the amount of heat generated and<br />
which the furnace can transmit to the air passing<br />
through it for the warming of the<br />
Use Furnace building. Bv overcoming the loss of<br />
of Ample heat through the walls and windows<br />
Capacity and by leakage, a small furnace that<br />
has to be run hard means high temperature<br />
for the air. This means excessive dryness and<br />
is to be avoided. It is better to have a furnace with<br />
a large firepot so that the fire can be run more economically<br />
on the slow combustion plan and the fire<br />
would not need to be replenished so often or require<br />
such frequent attention. This all counts for the operator<br />
and should be pointed out.<br />
A furnace with a large firepot naturally has a large<br />
casing and has lots of space for air to pass through<br />
and be warmed in the passing and thus fill all of the<br />
pipes with warm air. The furnace should be of such<br />
a construction that the draft will have a long passage<br />
through the flues in the radiator and down so as to'<br />
make the heat impinge strongly against the surfaces.<br />
Such a furnace will expose a large amount of surface<br />
in the firepot, combustion chamber and the drums or<br />
radiators through which the gas passes so that the air<br />
will not be able to go through the furnace without<br />
coming in contact with a hot surface at some point so<br />
as to absorb the heat and take it where it is needed.<br />
Furnaces are made specially adapted for hard coal<br />
and for soft coal and should be selected in accordance<br />
with the character of fuel that is to be used.<br />
Now a word about the effect of the water pan. It<br />
should be located in the furnace at a point where the<br />
water is sure to be evaporated and the vapor given<br />
to the air passing through the furnace. A water pan<br />
that does not have to be replenished<br />
Humidity for a week is not a humidifier at all.<br />
Makes Heating Any furnace installed for a custo-<br />
Easier mer in a home should certainly be<br />
provided with an evaporating outfit<br />
that will be effective. It has been demonstrated that<br />
at least half a gallon of water for 1,000 cu. ft. of<br />
space must be evaporated every 24 hr. when the air<br />
supply is taken from outdoors. When an indoor air<br />
supply is used, a very much less evaporation will be<br />
all that is required, because the moisture does not pass<br />
out of the air when it returns to the furnace, but the<br />
air simply expands and has capacity for more moisture<br />
and it carries with it the moisture it requires.<br />
Now, possibly a word as to the size of the warmair<br />
pipes or how the size is determined, might be desirable.<br />
There have been many rules<br />
Size of Pipes given in a period of years. To recapitulate,<br />
if 1 sq. in. of warm-air pipe<br />
area is provided for every 20 cu. ft. of air space in<br />
first-floor rooms, there is a reasonable certainty that<br />
the room will be heated on the blizzard zero day.<br />
Another way of figuring is to provide 1 sq. in. of<br />
warm-air pipe area for every square foot of glass<br />
surface or equivalent glass surface, counting 4 sq. ft.<br />
of wall the equivalent in heat-loosing capacity to<br />
1 sq. ft. of glass. Then so far as the furnace is<br />
concerned, if 1 sq. in. of grate area to about 2 sq.<br />
ft. of equivalent glass surface when inside air is used,<br />
a correspondingly larger amount of grate surface<br />
must be provided in proportion to the glass surface<br />
when outside air is used.<br />
There is presented in the issue of April 30, pages<br />
549-551, some interesting proportions of an actual<br />
working system with inside air supply, which may be<br />
studied with advantage.<br />
However, the main point here has been to make<br />
it clear to the furnaceman that he must hunt for the<br />
class of business that will enable him to do the best<br />
he knows because invariably the better<br />
The Kind the job, the less coal required for the<br />
of Trade house. If the cost of the installation<br />
to Seek amounts to something more, the interest<br />
on the investment will well be repaid in<br />
the amount of coal saved by the better outfit. In a<br />
few vears it will be enough to pay the cost of the
184 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUCUST 6. 1920<br />
whole installation, so that a plant of ample capacity<br />
instead of being expensive is really the most economical<br />
one to be installed.<br />
There should be no difficulty on the part of the<br />
man who is thoroughly qualified to make this perfectly<br />
clear to his customers and to walk off with<br />
the orders even when competitors have a look-in and<br />
quote lower figures.<br />
American Manufacturers Discuss Fundamentals<br />
That Bear on the Successful Heating of Homes<br />
More Furnace Trade Abroad<br />
Favors Constructions That Eliminate Cause for<br />
Objections Raised by English Heating Contractor<br />
A GREAT educational work can be done for the<br />
benefit of the furnace industry if all qualified<br />
will give from their experience to show how the<br />
questions raised by an English heating contractor in<br />
the issue of July 2 can be satisfied with a full explanation<br />
of the methods of doing. The trade at<br />
home will be immensely helped if some effort is expended<br />
in making first-class constructions and methods<br />
more widely known. Another contribution to<br />
that end is given below:<br />
F. A. NORRIS & Co.,<br />
11-12 St. Andrews Hill,<br />
Queen Victoria Street,<br />
London, England.<br />
GENTLEMEN:<br />
In your communication of May 27, 1920, which<br />
appeared in the July 2 issue of METAL WORKER,<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER, you requested the views<br />
of some manufacturers on the subject of warm-air<br />
cheating.<br />
Mass-psychology and precedent you will find interfere<br />
greatly with real progress and what we must<br />
do to reach the ideal is to teach individualism to the<br />
individual so that each of us can think and act for<br />
ourselves and do something to benefit humanity.<br />
A number of things we believe enter into the matter<br />
of hygienic heating, which often are not given<br />
consideration in this connection. It is particularly<br />
important to select an apparatus within the financial<br />
means of a very large percentage of the home owners,<br />
thereby rendering a service to a great majority of<br />
the people.<br />
The absolute elimination of carbon monoxide gas,<br />
a product of combustion, from the circulation. These<br />
gases or fire poisons attack the "haemoglobin,'' the<br />
substance of the half-mature cells in the process of<br />
forming the new tissues, tliereby re-<br />
Some of ducing its strength. The result is a<br />
Things to Be degeneration that eventually leads to<br />
Considered a "break-down" and many serious<br />
nervous disorders that soon prove<br />
fatal. The air must be of uniform temperature night<br />
and day without noticeable variation and in most<br />
cases with once a day firing. Irregular temperatures<br />
are not conducive to good health and it is most<br />
annoying to make frequent trips to the basement,<br />
when these trips mean unnecessary fuel consumption.<br />
The air must be only mildly lieated, as super<br />
heated air has proven to be as harmful as stagnant<br />
air. Overheating devitalizes the air the same as<br />
stagnation. Both produce the same depressing effects,<br />
greatly lowering our powers of resistance.<br />
The air should be completely changed in each<br />
room every 10 or 15 minutes, thereby giving you a<br />
standard of ventilation which insures that at no time<br />
will there be more than 6 parts of CO2 to breathe<br />
to 10,000 parts air. Failure to do so is a failure to<br />
restore vitality as required.<br />
The difference in temperature between ceiling and<br />
floor must be reduced to the minimum and noticeable<br />
drafts must be avoided as they are dangerous<br />
to the old, to the young and to the invalid.<br />
If we could only realize that the lack of pure air<br />
combined with ventilation is what makes winter the<br />
doctor's harvest season, it being the period in which<br />
the dreaded house diseases, such as tuberculosis,<br />
pneumonia, influenza, grippe, colds, etc., are prevalent,<br />
such diseases being especially violent where<br />
some systems of heating are used, then we would recognize<br />
that the supplying of a certain amount of heat<br />
units is not the most important thing in a heating<br />
plant.<br />
Naturally we all know that we can live three weeks<br />
without food, but we take care in seeing that it is<br />
safe-guarded from contamination to the fullest extent.<br />
We can live three days without water but would not<br />
consider drinking impure or stagnant<br />
Importance water. We ean live only 3 minutes<br />
of Fresh Air without air and scarcely any attention<br />
is given to its purity during the greater<br />
half of the year, probably because it cannot be seen.<br />
The comparison of the outdoor and indoor life will<br />
convince you that we are stating facts. If you knew<br />
that 90 per cent, of the so-called preventable diseases<br />
could be eliminated and that the mortality in the home<br />
could be lessened 50 per cent, during the winter<br />
months would then the subject of a proper atmosphere<br />
in the home be worthy of consideration ?<br />
Utmost economy in fuel consumption must be kept<br />
in mind, which means a heater of scientific design,<br />
without rivets or seams, but with large grate areas,<br />
ample air passages, positive automatic control, complete<br />
down draft and use of entire radiating surfaces.<br />
Warm-air heating plants are being manufactured<br />
in America that will positively insure above benefits<br />
that mean so much to the comfort and health of the<br />
(Continued on page 194)
AUGUST 6, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 185<br />
FROM T. R. M., OHIO.—Having seen the inquiry<br />
of "A. B." in the issue of July 9 and the answer of<br />
"J. B." in the issue of July 23, I want to follow "J.<br />
B.'s" example and call the attention to the method of<br />
heating a bathroom from the range<br />
Connecting boiler that was recommended in<br />
Boiler to Heat METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
Bathroom STEAM FITTER a good many years<br />
ago and which I have tried out with<br />
satisfaction. The method will be clearly understood<br />
from the drawing which is reproduced here. It will<br />
be noted that a galvanized sheet iron jacket with a<br />
space l 1 /^ in. between it and the boiler all around<br />
envelopes the boiler. At the bottom a space of about<br />
6 in. below the bottom of the boiler is provided, the<br />
rr o o rt Return<br />
Air<br />
AA//A///AAAAA///////////AAAAAAA/7<br />
CONNECTING BOILER TO HEAT BATHROOM<br />
shell being cut to go over the pipes and the bottom<br />
being made with openings to suit the boiler stand and<br />
to enclose the bottom of the boiler as near tight as<br />
possible. From the top of this shell a 6-in. pipe is<br />
carried to an 8-in. round register in the bathroom<br />
floor. Then along side of it is another 8-in. round<br />
register with a 6-in. pipe leading from this to the<br />
bottom of the shell around the boiler so that the cold<br />
air from the bathroom can drop down this pipe, come<br />
in contact with the boiler and be heated and discharged<br />
through the 6-in. opening. A 6-in. opening<br />
will heat the bathroom very nicely under these circumstances.<br />
I assume that here is a boiler 5 ft. in<br />
height and 12 in. in diameter at least. This will provide<br />
about 17 sq. ft. of heating surface for the air to<br />
come in contact with in passing between the shell and<br />
the boiler and then the shell will get reasonably warm<br />
so that it will help somewhat in the heating. Here<br />
then is something over 17 sq. ft. of heating surface<br />
and the 6-in. round pipe has an area of 28 sq. ft., so<br />
that the inlet and outlet area has a proportion of a<br />
little over l 1 /^ sq. in. to the square foot of surface<br />
exposed and this is not a bad proportion when the air<br />
is taken from out-of-doors at zero and used in connection<br />
with an indirect hot-water radiator. I simply<br />
bring attention to this so that "A. B." can see that<br />
the bathroom can be heated in the winter-time with<br />
the range boiler in the kitchen, where it belongs, and<br />
without the bathroom uncomfortable in the summer<br />
season because both registers can be shut or tight<br />
dampers can be placed in the pipe. Like "A. B.," I<br />
am waiting for other fellows to tell their methods of<br />
accomplishing the results desired by "A. B.'s"<br />
customer.<br />
FROM H. J., ROUND LAKE, III.—A rather unusual<br />
question is asked by "J. W. & S.," Glencoc Ontario,<br />
in the issue of June 25. In ordinary household use<br />
it is unusual to have a stove reservoir<br />
Stove sweat, and the only time when this i.s<br />
Reservoir liable to happen is when all the water is<br />
Sweats taken out and the tank refilled with cold<br />
water, or when a fresh fire is started and<br />
the water is cold. Sometimes a reservoir will sweat<br />
on a cold night when the flap check damper in the<br />
stove pipe has been left open, and the draft has cooled<br />
the water down below the usual temperature.<br />
When a water supply is exceptionally cold, it is<br />
often customary to preheat it by means of some piping<br />
arrangement in the back of the stove. If this is<br />
done, a sheet of heavy asbestos paper should be used<br />
to cover the pipes so as to absorb the condensation.<br />
and it should be wrapped tight and fastened with<br />
heavy twine, spaced y2 in. apart, as a wire would rust<br />
unless it were enameled copper.<br />
It seems strange that such things should happen<br />
on the Fourth of July, and- confidentially, just between<br />
us, it is quite possible that the reservoir may<br />
leak.<br />
I don't want to hurt anybody's feelings, but if all<br />
would study cause and effect more, the reason and<br />
remedy for many troubles could be easily discarded.<br />
Most men are up against a wall when something don't<br />
work, instead of thinking this effect is produced by<br />
some cause. What is it? How can I locate it? They<br />
would then go over the job and note the material and<br />
conditions and soon master the problem.
186 METAL WORKER, P LU M BE R AN D STE A M FI TT ER AUGUST 6, 1920<br />
The Editorial Page<br />
The Pay Envelope<br />
A N absolutely square deal insures complete sat<br />
isfaction with the pay envelope. One of the<br />
presidential candidates has said that he has<br />
viewed the contents of the pay envelope from the<br />
point of the earner as well as the employer and also<br />
added: "I wish the higher wages continue on the con<br />
dition that the wage earner shall give full return for<br />
the wage received."<br />
It is very clear that the wage earner in best stand<br />
ing does not receive his entire pay in the envelope.<br />
In many instances those who provide the money to<br />
pay the men neither see the envelope nor know the<br />
men. But there are plenty of other instances when<br />
the man counting out the money to put in the en<br />
velopes knows every man and the work which he does<br />
To watch his face while the process is going on will<br />
be to discover frown in some instances, perplexity in<br />
others and good sound satisfaction in others. If the<br />
amount placed in the envelope could be seen, it would<br />
be noted that it was practically the same in each in<br />
stance. Then why the difference in the feeling re<br />
flected on the countenance? Can it be that in one<br />
instance the man was a shirk, in another that he was<br />
indifferent and in the third that the man was taking<br />
as much interest in the business as if he owned it<br />
himself.<br />
In the fields in which our efforts are engaged the<br />
man who fills the pay envelope is very apt to have a<br />
personal acquaintance with every man who receives<br />
one and that in too many instances the commendation<br />
that the loyal worker is entitled to is neglected is a<br />
matter of fact. On the other hand, there are a host<br />
of men receiving their pay who are indifferent to the<br />
feelings of those who pass the money along. That is<br />
a condition which can best be changed by a loyal<br />
service of the worker, not to his employer, but to the<br />
final purchaser of his labor. Some of the pay a<br />
worker gets is consideration in slack times, of having<br />
the best work given him, in saving him from the la<br />
borious work in a manifestation of respect, in his<br />
recommendation to customers and in favors whenever<br />
they can be shown, all of wliich amounts to something<br />
both in cash and comfort to the soul of that noblest<br />
work of God—the honest man. Such wage earners<br />
seldom go astray in the pains they take to maintain<br />
their honor by giving an honest day's work for a day's<br />
pay.<br />
Collections<br />
FROM concerns which are somewhat careful in the<br />
extension of credit, the reports are that the money<br />
is coming in from the trade quite satisfactorily.<br />
This is encouragement that the average tradesman is<br />
also getting an early settlement from his customers.<br />
That is as it should be. Too many neglect to send<br />
the bill to the customer as soon as the work is done.<br />
Those whose books are not up-to-date and whose bills<br />
have not been sent out should use some of these long<br />
evenings to see that all charges are carefully made and<br />
everything is in readiness to send the customer a bill<br />
for work that has been done. Then they should see<br />
to it that it is paid with reasonable promptness.<br />
The volume of business some men are doing will not<br />
permit them to give a customer an unlimited time in<br />
which to pay. They need their money so as to keep<br />
turning it over, and this fall with the railroad ship<br />
ments delayed, the goods in various lines scarce, it is<br />
an assured fact that the man who pays promptly will<br />
receive preference in the consideration for his order,<br />
and the man who has not paid will find it difficult to<br />
get the goods he needs. There is one, and only one<br />
recommendation—that is, to collect up and pay up.<br />
Factory Inspection<br />
T H E R E has been need for great vigilance on the<br />
part of all who have inspected the work done in<br />
many factories. It has had a beneficial effect in<br />
the many places which have employed those who have<br />
less skill than would be desired for the work. Never<br />
theless, the critical inspection has had a great deal to<br />
do with training these people to do their work cor<br />
rectly and also this vigilance has prevented the usual<br />
percentage of defects to be discovered by the cus<br />
tomer. They are rather discovered in the factory and<br />
made good so that shipment in many instances brings<br />
nothing which causes annoyance to the buyer.<br />
Too little attention is paid to this fact and to the<br />
fact that whatever a man spends his money for at<br />
the present time, he gets a big value for it.<br />
Those who complain about prices, should have<br />
brought to their attention the material, the finish and<br />
the mechanical design of what is used. Seldom has<br />
there been any better product in proportion to the<br />
period than is now available and being widely used.
AUCUST 6, 1920 METALWORKER, PLUMBER AND STE AM FITTER 187<br />
When'New York's Transportation Facilitie<br />
Were Blocked<br />
Transportation Discrimination Met by Vigorous Action<br />
THROUGHOUT the United States there will be<br />
interest in a little history of what has been transpiring<br />
with transportation facilities in New York<br />
and how some loyal citizens went to work to protect<br />
the public from the course being pursued by some<br />
misguided citizens who made trouble.<br />
of Citizen's Committee<br />
"The Perils of the Port and the People's Defense"<br />
is the title of a little pamphlet issued by the Citizens'<br />
Transportation Committee 233 Broadway, New York<br />
City, from which the following is taken:<br />
Earlv in May the city was suffering acutely from a<br />
collapse of transportation facilities, due largely to<br />
labor difficulties, so that an informal committee was<br />
<strong>org</strong>anized including the presidents of some large city<br />
<strong>org</strong>anizations to deal with the situa-<br />
Discrimination tion. It took up its work of inves-<br />
Shoicn tigation without opposition to any<br />
class or group with the determination<br />
to furnish the people of New York with such<br />
transportation service as the different agencies of<br />
employers and employees refused or failed to furnish.<br />
The Transportation Trade Council of the Port of<br />
New York, with a membership of a little over 100,-<br />
000, adopted resolutions not to transport any nonunion<br />
merchandise and not to serve any connecting<br />
transportation facilities unless manned by union men<br />
exclusively. Transportation facilities instead of serving<br />
the public impartially, were being turned into<br />
instruments of class aggression.<br />
In a case before the New York Supreme Court the<br />
conclusion contained the following: This seems to be<br />
a combination to gain control over transportation and<br />
to blockade the channels of trade against all nonunion<br />
merchandise and against concerns which do not<br />
make union contracts. Such a combination to exclude<br />
open-shop merchandise from the channels of trade<br />
and commerce and the markets of the nation is a<br />
conspiracy against public welfare and deprives the<br />
public of their sovereign rights of choice to purchase<br />
such goods as they want because by artificial methods<br />
it keeps such goods out of the market.<br />
It does not lie with union leaders to lay down the<br />
proposition that the last word in deciding what merchandise<br />
shall or shall not be transported should rest<br />
exclusively in them. While it is indisputable that a<br />
man may enter any vocation that he chooses yet if he<br />
sees fit to select a field indissolubly linked with the<br />
rights of the public such as that of a common carrier<br />
he must defer his own rights to that of public welfare<br />
and must at all times stand ready and willing to assume<br />
all of the exacting duties which he knows are<br />
due to the public. When he enters the public service<br />
he impliedly acquiesces in assuming all of these obli<br />
gations. He must either get out of the transportation<br />
business or serve all people alike.<br />
This was part of the opinion of Justice Fawcett in<br />
a case tried before him. To meet the crisis the Citizens'<br />
Transportation Committee was formed to take<br />
up the work of defense. It held public meetings, developed<br />
public opinion, passed resolutions,<br />
Definite raised money, conducted independent ship-<br />
Action ping operations and established the funda-<br />
Taken mental principles in a lawsuit. At one of<br />
the meetings it was stated: We are going<br />
to do the job ourselves and do it thoroughly. Anyone<br />
here who is not in the frame of mind where he will be<br />
prepared to do his full duty and who cannot be<br />
counted upon for loyalty and determination had best<br />
quietly and promptly leave this meeting. Men of<br />
business, we are trustees for the people of this great<br />
city and there is obligation whicli rests on each and<br />
every one of us to help protect those many thousands<br />
of our citizens who, less fortunate than ourselves, are<br />
unable to defend themselves.<br />
Among the accomplishments that are grouped under<br />
three headings is the statement that public opinion<br />
has been aroused to the danger of permitting any<br />
class to dominate and control transportation facilities<br />
for selfish class purposes. Another statement is that<br />
the moral effect of the courageous example of those<br />
employed by the Citizens' Trucking Co. in serving<br />
steamships here where pickets were stationed, has resulted<br />
in other trucking establishments following this<br />
lead and performing a service which they formerly<br />
were afraid to perform, while the ruling from the<br />
Supreme Court of the State of New York to the effect<br />
that common carriers and their employees have<br />
no right to discriminate against non-union merchandise<br />
or merchandise delivered to them by non-union truckmen<br />
has given legal endorsement.<br />
The pamphlet states that subscriptions for the<br />
work are needed and that a large reserve underwriting<br />
is essential to the work of defense. It has sent the<br />
following letter to different manufacturers, jobbers<br />
and others interested in the matter to secure the<br />
needed funds for further work for the protection of<br />
the interests of the citizen:<br />
CNDER WHITING AGREEMENT WITH CITIZENS' TRANSPORTATION<br />
COMMITTEE<br />
Whereas, Certain combinations existing in this community<br />
are attempting, by unfair discrimination, to deprive the<br />
public of adequate transportation facilities and the distribution<br />
of foodstuffs, material and merchandise is thereby<br />
impeded; and<br />
Whereas, The merchants of New York assembled in convention<br />
on May 5, 1020, resolved that a committee be ap-<br />
"•>inted with authority to establish independent trucking<br />
facilities and to provide for adequate police protection and<br />
(Continued on page 199)
188 METALWORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUCUST 6. 1920<br />
Interest of the Public in Strikes<br />
Over 1600 Commercial and Trade Organizations Vote<br />
T H E R E was presented on page 155 of the issue of<br />
July 30 an announcement that the Chamber of<br />
Commerce of the United States had sent out a<br />
referendum vote on twelve principles of industrial re<br />
lation. There has just been received from the Cham<br />
ber the report of the special committee to the board<br />
showing how the vote came in on the twelve different<br />
items and they are given as follows:<br />
1. Every person possesses the right to engage in any lawful<br />
business or occupation and to enter, individually or collectively,<br />
into any lawful contract of employment, "either as<br />
employer or employee. These rights are subject to limitation<br />
only through a valid exercise of public authority. The<br />
vote was, in favor, 1,675; opposed, 2.<br />
in Favor of a Strike Prohibition Law<br />
-2. The right of open-shop operation, that is, the right of<br />
employer and employee to enter into and determine the conditions<br />
of employment relations with each other, is an essential<br />
part of the individual right of contract possessed by<br />
each of the parties. The vote was, in favor, 1,665; opposed, 4.<br />
3. All men possess the equal right to associate voluntarily<br />
for the accomplishment of lawful purposes by lawful means.<br />
The association of men, whether of employers, employees or<br />
others, for collective action or dealing, confers no authority<br />
over, and must not deny any right of, those who do not desire<br />
to act or deal with them. The vote was, in favor, 1,677;<br />
opposed, 4.<br />
4. The public welfare, the protection of the individual,<br />
and sound employment relations require that associations or<br />
combinations of employers or employees, or both, must<br />
equally be subject to the authority of the State and legally<br />
responsible to others for their conduct and that of their<br />
agents. The vote was, in favor, 1,671; opposed 4.<br />
5. To develop, with due regard for the health, safety and<br />
well-being of the individual, the required output of industry<br />
is the common social obligation of all engaged therein. The<br />
restriction of productive effort or of output by either employer<br />
or employee for the purpose of creating' an artificial<br />
scarcity of the product or of labor is an injury to society.<br />
The vote was, in favor, 1,675; opposed, 3.<br />
6. The wage of labor must come out of the product of industry<br />
and must be earned and measured by its contribution<br />
thereto. In order that-the worker, in his own and the general<br />
interest, may develop his full productive capacity, and<br />
may thereby earn at least a wage sufficient to sustain him<br />
upon a proper standard of living, it is the duty of management<br />
to co-operate with him to secure continuous employment<br />
suited to his abilities, to furnish incentive and opportunity<br />
for improvement, to provide proper safeguards for<br />
his health and safety and to encourage him in all practicable<br />
and reasonable ways to increase the value of his,productive<br />
effort. The vote was, in favor, 1,679; opposed, 2.<br />
7. Thc number of hours in the work day or week in which<br />
tin- maximum output, consistent with the health and wellbeing<br />
of the individual, can be maintained in a given industry<br />
should be ascertained by careful study and never should<br />
be exceeded except in case of emergency, and one day rest<br />
in seven, or its equivalent, should be provided. The reduction<br />
in working hours below such economic limit, in order to<br />
secure greater leisure for the individual, should be made<br />
only with full understanding and acceptance of the fact that<br />
it involves a commensurate loss in the earning power of the<br />
workers, a limitation and a shortage of the output of the<br />
industry and an increase in the cost of the product, with all<br />
the necessary effect of these things upon the interests of the<br />
community and the nation. The vote was, in favor, 1,677;<br />
opposed, 3.<br />
8. Adequate means satisfactory both to the employer and<br />
his employees, and voluntarily agreed to by them, should be<br />
provided for the discussion and adjustment of employment<br />
relations and the just and prompt settlement of all disputes<br />
that arise in the course of industrial operation. The vote<br />
was, in favor, 1,668; opposed, 8.<br />
9. When, in the establishment or adjustment of employment<br />
relations, the employer and his employees do not deal<br />
individually, but by mutual consent, such dealing ls conducted<br />
by either party through representatives, it is proper<br />
for the other party to ask that these representatives shall<br />
not be chosen or controlled by, or in such dealing in any<br />
degree represent, any outside group or interest in the questions<br />
at issue. In favor, 1,568; opposed, 54.<br />
10. The greatest measure of reward and well-being for<br />
both employer and employee and the full social value of<br />
their service must be sought in the successful conduct and<br />
full development of the particular industrial establishment<br />
in which they are associated. Intelligent and practical cooperation<br />
based upon a mutual recognition of this community<br />
of interest constitutes the true basis of sound industrial<br />
relations. The vote was, in favor, 1,664; opposed, 2.<br />
11. The State is sovereign and cannot tolerate a divided<br />
allegiance on the part of its servants. While the right of<br />
government employees, national, state or municipal, to be<br />
heard and to secure consideration and just treatment must<br />
be amply safeguarded, the community welfare demands that<br />
no combination to prevent or impair the operation of government<br />
or of any government function shall be permitted.<br />
The vote was, in favor, 1,663; opposed, 4.<br />
12. In public service activities the public interest and<br />
well-being must be the paramount and controlling consideration.<br />
The power of regulation and protection exercised by<br />
the State over the corporation should properly extend to the<br />
employees in so far as may be necessary to assure the adequate<br />
continuous and unimpaired operation of public utility<br />
service. The vote was, in favor, 1,649; opposed, 18.<br />
The referendum on public utilities employment car<br />
ried the Veconinieiidatioiis of the Chamber's committee<br />
on public utilities. These were two in number and<br />
are given as follows with the vote on each:<br />
The committee recommends that strikes by employees of<br />
all public service corporations performing publie service essential<br />
to the lives, health, security, comfort and well-being<br />
of the people should by law be explicitly prohibited. For,<br />
1,564; against, 97.<br />
The committee recommends that suitable tribunals should<br />
be created by law to adjudicate differences between the employees<br />
of public service corporations and their employees<br />
and that the decisions of such tribunals should be final and<br />
binding upon both parties. For, 1,571; against, 100.<br />
Thoughts on Life and Business<br />
Conquer in the battles with yourself and the battle<br />
of life will become easier.<br />
Notice that "ideas' starts with I.<br />
The way to carry a stiff load is to have a stiff upper<br />
lip.<br />
Don't be switched.<br />
Look in and look up.<br />
Sourness spoils men as well as milk.<br />
Prosperity stays only with tliose it does not spoil.<br />
Forbes Magazine (N. Y.)
AUGUST 6, 1920 [ E T A L WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 189<br />
Technology of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Enameling<br />
The Bureau of Standards is issuing a general treatise<br />
dealing with the technology of enameling slieet<br />
iron and steel. It has been compiled by J. B. Shaw<br />
in response to the demand for a general treatise dealing<br />
with the technology of the manufacture of vitreous<br />
enamels for these metals.<br />
F_om the standpoint of mechanical equipment, says<br />
the booklet, the sheet iron and enameling industry has<br />
been probably, the most progressive of all ceramic industries<br />
in the United States. The presses and machinery<br />
used for working the steel and forming the<br />
shapes are unsurpassed in ingenuity by those used in<br />
any otlier industry, and are constantly being improved.<br />
In this respect the sheet metal enameling industry of<br />
this country has led the world. In the strictly ceramic<br />
lines of industry having to do with the preparation<br />
and application of the enamels, progress has been less<br />
rapid. Up to a few years ago there was very little<br />
work carried on, and this little was seldom published.<br />
Recently there has been a decided change in this respect.<br />
Representatives of the enameling industry have<br />
been joining the ceramic technical societies, have been<br />
contributing rather liberally to the journals of these<br />
<strong>org</strong>anizations and have been showing a decided interest<br />
in developing the technology of sheet metal enameling.<br />
The leading manufacturers of the country are realizing<br />
that the sheet-iron enameling industry has reached<br />
the limit of development possible so long as it depends<br />
upon formulas rather than upon men with technical<br />
training which will enable them to improve and manipulate<br />
these formulas to meet the varying conditions.<br />
"In collecting the data for this paper," declares the<br />
announcement of the Bureau of Standards, "an effort<br />
has been made to obtain reliable and authentic information<br />
wherever available and correlate it in such a<br />
manner as to shed some light on the problems encountered<br />
by enamelers. The treatise is a compilation<br />
of data dealing with the subject of enameling from<br />
various publications from the note book of the author,<br />
from the files of the Bureau, and from the experience<br />
of men engaged in the enameling industry in this<br />
country.<br />
"Among the subjects dealt with in connection with<br />
the properties and preparation of steel for enameling<br />
are physical and chemical requirements, sand blasting<br />
treatment preliminary to pickling and methods of pickling.<br />
A chapter is devoted to the properties of the raw<br />
materials used in compounding enamels. The relations<br />
between chemical composition and physical properties<br />
of enamels are discussed fully. The procedure used in<br />
the preparation, applying and firing enamels are described<br />
in detail. The calculation of enamel formulas<br />
is fully explained and examples are given. The physical<br />
properties of enamels are dealt with in some detail<br />
and resistance of enamels to chemical action is fully<br />
discussed."<br />
The head of every large department of a business<br />
has repeatedly had the experience of going to his chief<br />
for direction and advice on some vital matter involving<br />
large expenditure and of being told: "That's your<br />
job, not mine." There are two kinds of men who<br />
never amount to anything—one kind cannot do as they<br />
are told and the other cannot do anything else.<br />
THE VENT<br />
Money Making Ideas<br />
Ignored<br />
Because They Are Kept under Cover<br />
Remove the Wrapper from<br />
Your Trade Papers<br />
Get the Habit<br />
M Y WORK brings me into hundreds<br />
of plumbing, heating and sheet<br />
metal contractors' offices. And I<br />
see piles of trade papers in their<br />
original wrappers. As dust catchers they<br />
are great but that isn't their purpose.<br />
They are the little gold mines that come<br />
every week or month and the contractors<br />
subscribe to them because they know it is<br />
good business and then pass them up for<br />
some trivial excuse like, "I don't have time<br />
to read them."<br />
Several men of my acquaintance who do<br />
big business set aside a specified time each<br />
week to look over all the papers that they<br />
subscribe to. Some clip them and file what<br />
they think they can use. They are in the<br />
minority.<br />
Another has a fine plan. All his trade<br />
papers are sent to his home where he has<br />
more time to give them the attention they<br />
deserve.<br />
It's a good idea and more could profit<br />
from it.<br />
A. V. H.
190 METALWORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUCUST 6, 1920<br />
Suffolk County Trade Outing<br />
Wonderful Clambake and Big Dinner With Much<br />
Gaiety and Good Fellowship<br />
A L L of the delightful affairs of the trades throughout<br />
the country are beyond the possibilities of<br />
the staff so when President Fred B. Barker<br />
sent word that the heating and plumbing contractors<br />
would hold an outing he was requested to appoint a<br />
member to serve a.s scribe to report what transpired<br />
and here is the way the affair looked to Lewis C. Austin<br />
of Riverhead who rose to the occasion.<br />
With the Atlantic ocean roaring a cordial welcome<br />
on one side of the veranda where the diners were<br />
seated and a placid arm of the Great South Bay<br />
smiling an equally cordial greeting on the other side<br />
of the veranda, the annual outing of the Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s, <strong>Steam</strong> and Hot Water <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Association<br />
of Suffolk County at Gunning Point, Westhampton,<br />
on Wednesday, July 28, was ushered in in a way that<br />
spelled success, and successful it was from every angle.<br />
In fact, it was called the most successful outing<br />
this live-wire <strong>org</strong>anization has yet held.<br />
The day was ideal and everyone seemed to be in the<br />
best of spirits. Over 100 men and ladies, representing<br />
all parts of Suffolk County, and a sprinkling of manufacturers<br />
and salesmen representing big houses in<br />
distant places attended—and the menu! No one<br />
there will ever f<strong>org</strong>et that big dinner, served as onlv<br />
Al. Rose of East Quogue can serve a real Long Island<br />
menu, with everything fresh from the sea or the nearby<br />
farms. "Fit for a king" was a tribute that gave<br />
way to this: "Yes, and fit for a plumber, too."<br />
Preceding the dinner, former Supervisor Charles H.<br />
Redfield of Westhampton Beach, also chairman of the<br />
committee of arrangements, personally presided at a<br />
real Long Island clambake. That he is a past-master<br />
of the art as well as a master plumber was the verdict<br />
of all and was amply proved in the way the five<br />
bushels of clams dug from the nearby bay disappeared<br />
when Charlie told the crowd to fall in for rations.<br />
He built this bake to a scientific nicety, and he proved<br />
that one doesn't need pipe, tongs, pliers nor any other<br />
tool of the craft to get the hot clams out of the bake.<br />
He showed 'era how to turn the trick with two simple<br />
sticks. Then, in addition, Mr. Redfield, together with<br />
Fred Barker, tlie popular and genial president of the<br />
association ; his brother, Ge<strong>org</strong>e, both prominent residents<br />
of Quogue; and a lot of the other men who are<br />
large around the waistline, showed how to make those<br />
clams disappear. That bake was one of the jolly<br />
parts of the prelude to dinner—an appetizer, as it<br />
was.<br />
There are two things that seem certain. Either the<br />
plumbers have been so busy buying overalls to work<br />
in that they didn't have time to buy a nifty bathing<br />
suit, or else a majority of the craft takes to some other<br />
things in the liquid line better than they take to water,<br />
for it was observed that only a few thought the ocean<br />
looked good to them. Tliose few did take a dip, and<br />
they declared the water wonderful. And when they<br />
came out they had wonderful appetites. Some went<br />
twice around everything from lobsters to ice cream,<br />
and escaped indigestion, so what might have happened<br />
to the caterer if all hands had taken to the ocean may<br />
be imagined.<br />
The members of the big crowd present were nearly<br />
everyone of them representative citizens in their home<br />
villages, showing that the plumbing trade has lately<br />
attracted the best there is in citizenship in the old and<br />
conservative county of Suffolk. Formal shop talk was<br />
tabooed ; there were no set speeches; everyone f<strong>org</strong>ot<br />
their business cares and worries for the dav, and it<br />
did them a lot of good. They just laid aside their<br />
overalls and tools and made a picnic day of it, as only<br />
Long Island people of a warm-hearted turn of mind<br />
know how. Many old friends met each other for the<br />
first time in months; many fine reminiscences were<br />
swapped; and many hints helpful to one another were<br />
gleaned from the rubbing of minds and exchange of<br />
ideas.<br />
Withal, it was a simple outing, exceedingly well<br />
planned and carried out, but splendidly successful,<br />
nevertheless, in every-way. In fact, it is hard to see<br />
how such an affair could have been improved on.<br />
Wisconsin <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Examinations<br />
The plumbers of Wisconsin are receiving the following<br />
letter under date of July 27 from State Health<br />
Officer C. A. Harper, Madison, Wis., in reference to<br />
examinations:<br />
This is to notify you to appear for examination at 8 a. m.<br />
on August 5, at either Janesville, Milwaukee or Superior.<br />
The examination at Janesville will be held in the High<br />
School, which is one block south of the Grand Hotel.<br />
The examination at Milwaukee will be held at the School<br />
of Trades, Plumbing Department, 331 Virginia Street.<br />
The examination at Superior will be held at the Blaine<br />
School, Fourteenth Street and Hughitt Avenue.<br />
Do not fail to advise this board by return mail, using the<br />
enclosed postal, in whieh city you will appear for examination,<br />
or if for any valid reason you are unable to come.<br />
It is necessary that those now' holding temporary permits<br />
bring these with them, as the permits are collected before<br />
the examination begins.<br />
All candidates, both master and journeymen, MUST provide<br />
themselves with plumber's furnace, solder pot, wiping<br />
solder and the necessary tools for preparing and wiping<br />
joints and tools for bending 1%-in. lead pipe. Gasoline,<br />
lead pipe, brass ferrules, paper, pencils, rules and erasers<br />
will be furnished by the board, but nothing else.<br />
We suggest a very careful study of the provisions of the<br />
State Plumbing Code, as familiarity with the same will be<br />
of great help to you in the examination.<br />
Kindly bring this letter with you as your notice to appear<br />
for examination.<br />
St. Louis <strong>Plumber</strong>s Step Out<br />
Master plumbers in St. Louis have been notified to<br />
have no dates for Aug. 1_, when the association will<br />
have its outing. Normandy Grove is the place and<br />
S. A. Kiernan, chairman of the entertainment committee,<br />
is hard at work planning a good time for all.
AUCUST 6, 1920 METALWORKER, PLUMBERANDSTEAMFITTER 191<br />
News of the<br />
TRADE ASSOCIATIONS<br />
Pig Iron Association Expects to See<br />
Higher Prices<br />
The consensus of opinion at the annual mid-summer<br />
meeting of the American Pig Iron Association in July,<br />
in Youngstown, Ohio, was that the price of pig iron<br />
is likely to go higher, rather than to recede. This is<br />
attributed to the high price of coke, the impending<br />
freight rate advance and sustained heavy demand for<br />
iron. It is cited that a ton of blast furnace coke is<br />
now selling in the spot market for more than a ton<br />
of iron brought several years ago. It requires fully<br />
a ton of coke to produce a ton of pig iron.<br />
This was the first gathering of the association ever<br />
held in Youngstown, and was a tribute to its chairman<br />
and first president, Joseph G. Butler, Jr., veteran<br />
manufacturer of the Mahoning Valley. The <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
has about 100 merchant pig iron producers<br />
in its membership. It is the successor of the Bessemer<br />
Pig Iron Association. Mr. Butler was identified<br />
with both <strong>org</strong>anizations for a period of 40 years.<br />
He was president of the Bessemer Pig Iron Association<br />
at the time it went out of existence and has<br />
been chairman of the American Pig Iron Association<br />
for 20 years.<br />
Members were guests of the A. M. Byers Co.,<br />
Pittsburgh, at the Youngstown gatherings. Following<br />
luncheon and business sessions at the Youngstown<br />
Country Club, members enjoyed golf.<br />
Those attending were Joseph G. Butler, chairman;<br />
T. W. Friend, president of the Clinton Iron & Steel<br />
Co.; Pittsburgh, president; John A. Penton, Cleveland,<br />
secretary; S. K. Hine, L. M. Johnson and<br />
Thomas Pritchard, representing the A. M. Byers Co.;<br />
Fayette Brown, Stewart Iron Co., Ltd., Cleveland;<br />
Stanley Meacham, Rogers, Brown Co., Cincinnati;<br />
C. B. Ferree, E. W. Mudge & Co., Pittsburgh; David<br />
D. Croxton, Otis Steel Co., Cleveland; Harwood Wilson,<br />
Rogers, Brown Co., Buffalo; R. S. Fox, Cleveland-Cliffs<br />
Iron Co., Cleveland; W. B. Topping, Republic<br />
Iron & Steel Co., Youngstown; W. F. Gruss<br />
and Jay McLauchlan, Pickands, Mather & Co., Cleveland;<br />
Seymour Wheeler and Leslie Wheeler, Pickands,<br />
Brown & Co., Chicago; B. S. Stephenson, M. A. Hanna<br />
& Co.; W. A. Thomas, Brier Hill Steel Co.,<br />
Youngstown, and C. H. Emerick, Punxsutawney, Pa.<br />
Chicago <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Outing Plans<br />
August 12 is the day when the master plumbers of<br />
Chicago will set sail on the steamship Florida for an<br />
all-day outing. The boat will leave at 9.45 and the<br />
fun will begin at once. On arrival at Michigan City<br />
games, athletics and swimming will be in order. E.<br />
C. Wagner is developing an entertainment program<br />
and has for his assistants Frank Dillenbury, Robert<br />
Murphy, Chas. A. Drier, Ge<strong>org</strong>e Kearney, L. Nelson,<br />
Paul Jacoby, William Gaura, L. Christiansen, A. W.<br />
Bahn, Fred Groesch, William Arnold, Robert Hilton,<br />
W. Blyth, Peter Feltman, C. W. Alcock, F. Seip, C.<br />
D. Harris, D. J. Berry, F. E. Pearson, J. J. Cahill,<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Schey and Ge<strong>org</strong>e Leabody<br />
It is expected that the party will return to Chicago<br />
by 7.00 p. m.<br />
Seattle Chapter Engineers<br />
Members of Heating Engineers' Society of Western<br />
Coast Urged to Organize<br />
There are a number of members of The American<br />
Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers on the<br />
Pacific Coast and those who are in Seattle at the<br />
present time include some who have been niembers of<br />
some of the Eastern chapters. These men feel the<br />
desirability of meeting with their fellows for discussing<br />
matters of common interest.<br />
Some who have gone from the east recently have<br />
carried the cordial urge to induce the men in Seattle<br />
to form a chapter of the society at that point. The<br />
report is that some of the best and most advanced<br />
work in the heating and ventilating line that is being<br />
done in the LTnited States is in that territory and that<br />
the men can well afford to discuss their work and give<br />
such description of it as will make most interesting<br />
papers for the annual meeting of the Society.<br />
Spirit of Labor Improves<br />
The following are some of the responses to the Industrial<br />
Bureau of the Merchants' Association of New<br />
York City to inquiry about the general situation in<br />
reference to production:<br />
"We have noticed a decided improvement in the<br />
frame of mind of our labor in the past few weeks.<br />
Exactly how this will develop we cannot state at the<br />
moment."<br />
"I believe I can sense a sentiment among the men<br />
which I am in hopes will lead to a greater production."<br />
"Our works superintendents have the feeling that<br />
there is a better spirit of loyalty and attention to<br />
work in our plants at the present time than existed<br />
some months ago. At one of the works the superintendent<br />
reports that the improvement is noticeable.<br />
We have not, however, figured any improvement in<br />
output in per cent., but we are inclined to hope our<br />
works employees are beginning to feel less restless<br />
and more disposed to look upon regularity of work<br />
and reasonable efficiency as something which should<br />
have their consideration."<br />
"We have not got available figures at hand on the<br />
subject, but estimate that labor is about 75 per cent.<br />
efficient at the present time, with conditions gradually<br />
improving."<br />
Nu-Dura-Tin Rattlings<br />
A roofer in old Manayunk<br />
Said this talk of good tin is all bunk!<br />
An owner came in,<br />
Wanted "Nu-Dura-Tin";<br />
And left in one h—1 of a funk !<br />
R. M. & H. E. Bulletin.
192 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUCUST 6. 1920<br />
CURRENT NOTES of<br />
ALL THE TRADES<br />
PERSONAL NOTES<br />
W. E. MANNING, general sales manager of the<br />
Youngtown Sheet & Tube Co., has been elected<br />
president of the board of trustees governing the<br />
Y. M. C. A. at Youngstown, Ohio.<br />
IN POINTING OUT ONE of the ways in whicli natural<br />
R. C. TRIG, formerlv with the Berger Mfg. Co., Can gas which is failing in the Kansas district, is wastton,<br />
Ohio, has associated himself with the National ed tlie Empire Gas & Fuel Pipeline Co., Ottawa,<br />
Pressed Steel Co., Massillon, Ohio, as chief engi Kan., calls attention to a method of heating the<br />
neer of the sales promotion department. He has water for a bath in an enameled iron tub. On the<br />
been intimately associated with the development of tile floor of a bathroom under the tub is placed a<br />
steel lumber sections since they were first intro %-in. pipe perforated so that the flame plays on<br />
duced to the building industry in 1905.<br />
tlie bottom of the tub. It was only necessary to<br />
run water in the tub, there being no hot water<br />
CHARLES T. BYRNE, past-secretary of the National Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, 25 East Jackson<br />
faucet, and to start the gas burner going and in due<br />
season the water in the tub would be warm enough<br />
Boulevard, Chicago, 111., in a letter states: "I am<br />
getting ready for a trip to Europe and leave Chi<br />
for the bath. The pipe was not placed close enough<br />
cago August 2 and sail from New York August 5."<br />
to the tub so that the heat would be most effective<br />
Bon voyage Mr. Byrne.<br />
and certainly was a very wasteful way of warming<br />
the water for the bath.<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
COLEMAN SANITARY SPECIALTIES for homes, hotels,<br />
hospitals and other large buildings are shown and<br />
explained in a new catalog in colors issued by<br />
Allan J. Coleman, 208 North Wabash Avenue,<br />
Chicago, 111. Pumps for removing obstructions<br />
in plumbing fixtures, closet cleaners of flexible coil<br />
wire, sewer augers and rods, Coleman's chemical<br />
compound pipe opener, brushes of various shapes,<br />
window cleaners, tank and fuller balls, gaskets,<br />
washers and tank balls are fully covered. Six reasons<br />
are given why Coleman specialties please.<br />
the last of which being "there is quality in all and<br />
a profit in all for you." The company invites investigation<br />
of its lines.<br />
Tin: MILWAUKEE CIRCULATING PUMP CO., Milwaukee.<br />
Wis., has been incorporated at $100,000 to manufacture<br />
and deal in circulating water and oil pumps<br />
and other similar equipment. The prime mover in<br />
the enterprise is Gothard G. Hein, 5511/0 Wentworth<br />
Avenue.<br />
THE WALKER & PRATT CO., 33 Union Street, Boston,<br />
Mass, manufacturer of boilers for liouse heating,<br />
stoves, etc., with plant at Watertown, Mass., is<br />
having plans prepared for a one-story foundry at<br />
tin- Watertown works, 200 x 230 ft. Lockwood,<br />
Greene & Co., 60 Federal Street, are architects and<br />
engineers.<br />
THE MAISANO AUTOMATIC FLUSHING VALVE & NOVEL<br />
TY Co., Wilmington, Del., has been incorporated at<br />
•+100.000 by Ignatius Maisano, Guy and Frederick<br />
Piunto, all of Wilmington, to manufacture valves<br />
.ind other metal products.<br />
THE NATIONAL CHEMICAL CO. will erect a plant in<br />
San Antonio, Tex., for the manufacture of sanitary<br />
and chemical appliances. F. M. Robinson, Jr., manager<br />
of the company, has charge of the project.<br />
THE LIBBY WELDING CO., 113 Frelinghuysen Avenue,<br />
Newark, N. J., has been incorporated at $50,000 by<br />
Clifford S. Libby, Louis K. Schwarz and Frank<br />
P. Russell, to manufacture welding equipment and<br />
other mechanical apparatus.<br />
THE HOPPES MFG. CO., Springfield, Ohio, manufacturer<br />
of heaters and steam specialties, is contemplating<br />
the erection of an extension.<br />
FOR THE HEATING AND PLUMBING TRADE handling<br />
power plant and large building installations the<br />
three booklets issued by the Wright-Austin Co.,<br />
Detroit, Mich., dealing with its steam and air traps,<br />
oil and steam separators, strainers, safety alarms,<br />
boiler water columns, Murray automatic boiler feed<br />
regulators and Murray automatic pump governors,<br />
should have more than passing interest since the<br />
principle and construction of these products is described<br />
in detail.<br />
New Boiler Heater Manufacturing Plant<br />
The new modern plant of the Bastian-Morley Co.,<br />
at Hampton Street and Hillingdon Avenue, Toronto,<br />
Canada, is fast nearing completion. The machinery<br />
is now being set in place and heavy production is expected<br />
within the next few weeks/ and thorough distribution<br />
connection throughout the Dominion is rapidly<br />
being <strong>org</strong>anized.<br />
Tliis new establishment is to be executively manned<br />
by L. A. Havesly, Laporte, Ind., office manager; R.<br />
Ernest Young, Toronto, sales manager; J. M. Godfrey<br />
and Brigadier-General Gunn, directors. F. W.<br />
Birtch, engineer in charge of experimental work at<br />
tlie company's main plant at Laporte, Ind., is superintending<br />
the installation of the equipment and<br />
O. A. Ludlow, secretary and treasurer "of the parent<br />
company, is also on the job looking after the details<br />
of the new <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
This new plant will be one of the most modern and<br />
complete in Canada and a full line of combination<br />
range boilers and gas water heaters, including the<br />
B-M Superior, Marvel and Royal Automatic will be<br />
manufactured for the Canadian trade.
AUGUST 6, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 193<br />
SHEET METAL AND FURNACE IN<br />
DUSTRY<br />
THE W. B. BERTELS & SON CO., 421 North Pennsylvania<br />
Avenue, Wilkes-Barre, Pa., manufacturer<br />
of tin specialties, stamped wares, etc., has awarded<br />
a contract to Herman Mallander, 167 Barney<br />
Street, for a two-story plant addition, 70 x 75 ft.,<br />
to cost about $25,000."<br />
THE NATIONAL ENAMELING & STAMPING, 1901 Light<br />
Street, Baltimore, Md., will build a three-story<br />
plant addition. William H. Matthai is manager.<br />
THE H. W. JOHNS-MANVILLE Co., manufacturer of<br />
roofings, packings, electrical goods, insulating materials,<br />
etc., Milwaukee, has commenced the construction<br />
of the first unit of a plant at Waukegan,<br />
111., comprising five buildings, each 250 x 1,000 ft.,<br />
to be followed by a unit of the same proportions.<br />
THE KEYSTONE SHEET METAL WORKS, INC., Newark,<br />
N. J., have been incorporated at $10,000 by Samuel<br />
Kibbel and Paul Kalin to manufacture sheet<br />
metal specialties of various kinds.<br />
THE APOLLO STEEL Co.. Apollo, Pa., is planning for<br />
the early occupancy of the new addition now in<br />
course of construction, consisting of three one-story<br />
structures, 185 x 350 ft., to be used in general steel<br />
working; 78x412 ft., to be equipped for annealing,<br />
and 44 x 74 ft., to be used for general works<br />
service. The additions, with machinery, are esti<br />
mated to cost about $1,000,000.<br />
THE E. W. BLISS CO., Brooklyn, N. Y., manufacturer<br />
of presses, dies, sheet metal working machinery,<br />
etc., has closed negotiations for the purchase of substantially<br />
the entire plants and equipment of the<br />
Cleveland Machine & Mfg. Co., Cleveland, and the<br />
Buckeye Engine Co., Salem, Ohio. The first operates<br />
a plant on Hamilton Avenue for the manufacture<br />
of power presses and other similar machinery<br />
to that produced by the Bliss company; the Buckeye<br />
company specializes in the manufacture of steam<br />
and gas engines. It is proposed to issue 300,000<br />
shares of common stock without par value, as well<br />
as 30,000 shares of first preferred stock, par $50,<br />
and 40,000 shares of second preferred, same par<br />
value, with addition of certain special stock to allow<br />
for an additional fund of $500,000. This<br />
amount will be used for an immediate partial payment<br />
for the plans noted. James W. Lane is<br />
president.<br />
A NEW EDITION OF TIN, Sheet Iron and Copper Plate<br />
<strong>Worker</strong> is announced by Henry Cary Baird & Co.,<br />
Inc., New York City. It consists of 334 pages with<br />
207 figures and illustrations and includes a wellarranged<br />
index. The price of the book is $3 per<br />
copy. It is stated that the work is thoroughly revised.<br />
The contents are divided under the heads<br />
of: Rules for Describing Patterns, Practical Geometry.<br />
Mensuration of Surfaces. Tables of Weight,<br />
Practical Recipes, Lacquers, Varnishes, Cement,<br />
Alloys, Strength of Materials and a supplementary<br />
section of 50 pages dealing with more advanced<br />
pattern problems.<br />
THE HART & COOLEY CO., INC., New Britain,<br />
Conn., has gotten out a wall hanger, entitled, "Soaring<br />
Still Higher Above All Others," which very<br />
clearly illustrates its modern line of registers, ventilators<br />
and base plates. This should prove a very<br />
valuable selling aid to sheet metal and furnacemen<br />
and can be had upon request.<br />
New Maker of New Skylights<br />
The sheet metal trade are receiving the following<br />
announcement from the Bologh Skylight & Gravity<br />
Ventilator Corp., 494 Hudson Street, New York City,<br />
signed by President Bologh, who is the inventor and<br />
patentee of the skylight shown in METAL WORKER,<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER of April 23, 1920:<br />
This corporation is engaged in the manufacture and<br />
erection of skylights, especially appropriate for installation<br />
over theatre stages, and is'the only authorized body to<br />
manufacture the Bologh skylight, Philip Bologh, patentee.<br />
As you are frequently invited to submit bids upon<br />
theatre stage skylights, we consider it would be to our<br />
mutual advantage if you would permit us to co-operate<br />
with you in all such instances, because we make the only<br />
skylight that measures up fully to the requirements of the<br />
various insurance and city departments having jurisdiction<br />
over their construction and erection, and our skylight has<br />
tbeir approval. Furthermore, we are in no way competing<br />
witb the trade in any of its branches outside of the skylight<br />
field, and positively guarantee protection to the trade.<br />
Wc would be pleased to consult with you on any plans<br />
you may have, or you may be called to figure on in the futo<br />
the end that your bid may prove attractive.<br />
We desire to emphasize the fact that we guarantee trade<br />
protection and are not to be considered competitors in the<br />
roofing and sheet metal trade.<br />
Is It In The Estimate<br />
(Continued from page 181)<br />
methods, as they usually spell loss if not disaster. A<br />
certain amount of work done per day with a crew<br />
operating at a certain expense per day never means<br />
that the division of that daily cost by that daily output<br />
is the unit cost of the item in question. Tliere are<br />
delays and other things which so affect this price<br />
tliat it may be over 100 per cent out from the actual<br />
cost when all tilings are taken into consideration.<br />
Good Service Receives Commendation<br />
Readers prefer the publications which they know<br />
have the attention of the successful men in their line<br />
and it is our purpose to give some of the letters which<br />
come in bearing evidence that our publication is<br />
worthy of the support of the men in the field. The<br />
following letter is pertinent:<br />
W. H. MOORE<br />
Contracting and Engineering,<br />
Plunibing, Heating, <strong>Metal</strong> Work, Tiling,<br />
268 West Ridgewood Avenue,<br />
Ridgewood, X. J.<br />
July 28, 1920.<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>,<br />
243 West Thirty-ninth Street,<br />
Xew York City.<br />
Gentlemen:<br />
With reference to your letter of July 26, I will be pleased<br />
to give you my experience and observation in regard to<br />
progressive plumbers and other matters just as soon as the<br />
present volume of business decreases to such an extent that<br />
I will be enabled to devote a portion of my time to same.<br />
1 appreciate tin- work that METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
STEAM FITTER has been doing for the craft at large and it<br />
will be as little as anyone could do to aid you in every way<br />
possible.<br />
Yours verv truly.<br />
(Signed) W. H. MOORE.
194 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER ALICUST 6, 1920<br />
The Origin of the Semi-Centenarian<br />
Josiah Bacon started in the iron and steel business<br />
on Fulton Street, Boston, Mass., in 1869. In 1870<br />
John G. Brown, who was traveling for Gay Manson<br />
& Co., became associated with him. They continued<br />
business for about 7 years when Mr. Brown bought<br />
out Mr. Bacon and continued the business alone for a<br />
short time, after which Manley McClure, who was<br />
in the iron and steel business, became associated with<br />
Mr. Brown under the firm name of Brown, McClure<br />
& Co.<br />
This partnership continued in business until 1890<br />
when William Q. Wales, who was in the sheet metal<br />
business, became associated with Brown, McClure &<br />
Co., under the firm name of Brown, McClure & Wales,<br />
and continued business for about 2 years when Mr.<br />
McClure was forced to retire on account of poor<br />
health, after wliich the name was changed to Brown<br />
& Wales. This partnership continued until 1903 at<br />
whicli time they incorporated under the name of<br />
Brown-Wales Co. In 1908 John G. Brown, who was<br />
then president of the firm of Brown-Wales Co.,<br />
passed away. Since that time the business has been<br />
conducted under practically the same management.<br />
The present officers are: President, William Q.<br />
Wales; assistant treasurer. Quincv W. Wales; secretary,<br />
William H. Shurtleff.<br />
More Furnace Trade Abroad?<br />
(Continued from page 184)<br />
occupants of the home and there undoubtedly is going<br />
to be a great world movement in this direction. There<br />
is no reason why we cannot have as healthful an atmosphere<br />
in the winter as on an ideal day in June<br />
if the proper warm air equipment is installed. Pure<br />
air with ventilation cannot be ignored if you do not<br />
expect to have vitiated air in the home and this will<br />
eliminate all plants from residence heating, including<br />
direct systems if they do not make provision to supply<br />
these essentials to longevity.<br />
Lnder separate cover you will receive a copy of a<br />
booklet, "The Science of House Heating," which explains<br />
fully the necessity of a much more modern<br />
method of lieating.<br />
In conclusion, we want to join you in a united<br />
effort for improved hygienic conditions which means<br />
better health and increased happiness in the home.<br />
Very truly yours,<br />
THE FARQUHAR FURNACE CO.,<br />
R. B. Mon fort,<br />
Secretary and General Manager.<br />
Majestic Company Entertains Furnacemen<br />
T. E. B. Tells of Best Aid to Tradesmen<br />
Taking care of the neighbors who sell the Majestic<br />
line of furnaces, duplex registers, coal chutes and mail<br />
boxes was the pleasant occupation of the Majestic Co.,<br />
Huntington, Ind., on Tuesday, when 90 dealers of the<br />
It is a pleasure to reiterate the statement that has<br />
city and adjacent territory were guests. The program<br />
often been made in these columns that the readers are<br />
included a trip tlirougli the plant and a list of enter<br />
leaders and the lenders are readers. Through the<br />
tainments with addresses on furnaces, installation,<br />
courtesy of H. E. Jones of the National Trade Ex<br />
pipeless and duplex register outfits and discussions in<br />
tension Bureau, Evansville. Ind., we are permitted to<br />
wliich all took part as tliere was knife and fork par<br />
present the following extract from a letter to one of<br />
ticipation which excluded none. Then there was a<br />
the plumbers who was receiving monthly assistance<br />
very important factor that cropped up and that was<br />
from the sales help service department:<br />
the establishment of friendly acquaintance among the<br />
Regarding your request that we send you more news from<br />
guests and a confidence that will soften competition<br />
this office, would say that we will be glad indeed to see<br />
that you get copies of everything that is sent out from here.<br />
and eliminate cut-price strife.<br />
Your remark about being in a small town and not getting Entertainment of this character gives the dealer an<br />
much news causes US to wonder if you are making the mis opportunity to become acquainted with the method of<br />
take of failing to subscribe for and read good trade papers.<br />
In our judgment a plumbing and heating contractor will<br />
manufacturing the goods he handles.<br />
find it hard to spend money more profitably than by paying<br />
out the small amount of money necessary to secure two W. L. Bronaugh Dies Suddenly<br />
or three good trade papers. Also we firmly believe that tlie<br />
time that the plumbing and heating contractor may spend<br />
W. L. Bronaugh, a prominent heating and venti<br />
in reading them and studying the business material that is lating engineer and well known in the sheet metal<br />
supplied to him in the trade paper is likely to prove the contracting circles, died suddenly in the Marshallmost<br />
profitably spent time that he uses in his business. Field Annex on July 26, aged 50 years. He had<br />
been suffering from stomach trouble and was said<br />
Appreciate Convention Courtesies to be on his way to see his physician when the fatal<br />
attack overtook him.<br />
At the Sanitarv and Efficiency Show in Pittsburgh,<br />
Mr. Bronaugh was active in association affairs,<br />
under the auspices of the National Association of<br />
being a member of the Chicago Athletic Association,<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
the Chicago Engineers' Club and the American So<br />
STEAM FITTER made a fine exhibit and devoted pages<br />
ciety of Heating and Ventilating Engineers. He<br />
of space to fostering and reporting it. In return it has<br />
received the following:<br />
served as secretary of the Illinois Chapter of the<br />
latter society.<br />
The officers and members of the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Asso<br />
He is survived by his wife and a daughter. His<br />
ciation of Pittsburgh and vicinity extends thanks and appreciation<br />
for the hearty co-operation given by you in making<br />
funeral was held from his late residence, 2635 Prairie<br />
the Thirty-eighth Annual Convention and Exhibit in Pitts Avenue, Evanston, 111., Wednesday, July 28, and<br />
burgh a success.<br />
interment was made in Memorial Park.
AUGUST .. 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 195<br />
Bernard Gause Dead<br />
Bernard Gause died at his home in Jacksonville,<br />
111, on July 19 at the age of 50 years. He was prominent<br />
in association affairs,<br />
serving as president<br />
of the Illinois State<br />
Association of Master<br />
i'lumbers and being a<br />
member of the American<br />
Society of Heating and<br />
Ventilating Engineers.<br />
He was a man of genial<br />
personality imbued with<br />
the idea that those who<br />
profited from the teachings<br />
of older men should<br />
pass along the information<br />
to enable the<br />
younger to qualify for<br />
service to the world.<br />
He was a successful<br />
business man with executive<br />
ability and completed<br />
considerable plumbing<br />
and heating work in<br />
many of the public build-<br />
, , ings in the state of II-<br />
,i/;;/ tjause . ° .<br />
'nois.<br />
' : '-'cp his last illness was very brief many friends in<br />
the trade will be shocked to learn of his death.<br />
Nickel Plating Rolled Zinc<br />
(Continued from page 179)<br />
positing nickel electrolytically the same difficulty is<br />
experienced at low current densities. By raising the<br />
current density, however, a rate of deposition can be<br />
found at which the deposit will adhere to the metal.<br />
This is true of even a plain nickel sulphate solution,<br />
but if only nickel sulphate is used the deposit will not<br />
be of good color. In order to obtain a good color<br />
boric acid is added, and solutions containing only tliese<br />
two constituents give very good results in actual practice.<br />
For example, for plating on zinc one manufacturer<br />
uses a solution containing 12 oz. of single nickel<br />
sulphate and 3 oz. of boric acid per gallon.<br />
Such a solution has rather narrow working limits<br />
and, in the case of articles having deep recesses<br />
streaky deposits might result. This can be overcome<br />
to a large extent by the addition of sodium citrate,<br />
and increasing the concentration of the nickel salt in<br />
the solution will also be an advantage. The use of a<br />
small amount of nickel chloride is also advisable to<br />
insure good anode corrosion.<br />
For general use in directly nickel-plating zinc articles<br />
the following solution will give excellent results:<br />
Xickel sulphate _ _ 32 oz.<br />
Xickel chloride 2 oz.<br />
Boric acid _ 4 oz.<br />
Sodium citrate _ 22 oz.<br />
Water _ 1 gal.<br />
This solution may be operated at very high current<br />
densities and thus aid in speeding up production. For<br />
general purposes a current density of between 10 and<br />
30 amperes per square foot will be found all right.<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Summary<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets—Demand still ahead of<br />
supply.<br />
Tin Plate—Spot tonnage continues scarce.<br />
Tin—Dull and disinteresting.<br />
Copper—Quiet and prices firm.<br />
Lear—Recent good demand gone.<br />
Zinc—Light demand for prompt.<br />
Antimony—Inactive.<br />
Foundry Coke—Spot scarce. Production and shipment<br />
improved.<br />
Linseed Oil—Depressed and prices lower.<br />
There have been advances in boilers and radiators<br />
and an advance in stoves and furnaces is expected<br />
before the fall gets old. In all lines scarcity of product<br />
and delayed shipments are noted with buyers making<br />
no cancellations but rather taking in stock when they<br />
can get it.<br />
Foundry Pig Iron<br />
Xew Yoi-k.—A large interest in Xew Jersey is in the<br />
market for about 13,000 tons of foundry iron for the first<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Prices higher. Stocks unincreased. half of 1921. In general very little is being done about next<br />
year's iron. Furnacemen want to see what the freight ad<br />
Transportation and Freight Advance vances actually add to their costs. What immediately con<br />
Influences<br />
cerns nearly all foundrymen is getting hold of iron they<br />
have bought for this year. There are considerable furnace<br />
#j[ Whatever the line of industry, fuel and freight stocks, particularly in the Buffalo district—all sold, but<br />
Tji control. Buyers are not exacting as to prices but impossible of delivery except in relatively scant amounts.<br />
want the goods. Foundry coke at $18 to $20 and pig Predictions of higher prices later in the year are still made<br />
iron at $_6 strong gives little hope of price concession by furnacemen, all based on the fact of small stocks at<br />
foundries, the very small fraction of estimated make of iron<br />
on goods made with' present labor cost and skill.<br />
in tbe remainder of the year that is now unsold, the high<br />
Plants cannot run full nor can shipment of product<br />
price of coke, and the higher costs that will be due to freight<br />
be made. The advance in freight rates conceded by the increases. Nevertheless, some Northern iron has been of<br />
Government cannot bring in the money for needed fered for 1921 at present prices. One factor which is hard<br />
new equipment for railroads in time to afford relief to gage is the relation between the iron under contract for<br />
now and conditions must be met by other means and thisXear and the amount of iron foundries will need to take<br />
by reduced business all along the line. Tin plate is them through the year.<br />
We auote for delivery in the New York district as follows:<br />
at the mills but carriers are hunting spot stock where East Pa., No. 1 fdv., sil. 275 to 3.25 $51.80 to $52.80<br />
it can be found at sellers' prices.<br />
East' Pa N'o. 2X fdv.. sil. 2.25 to 2.75 50.05 to 51.05<br />
East! Pa. No. 2 fdy.', sil. 1.75 to 2.25 48.80 to 49.30<br />
No. 2X, Virginia sil. 2.25 to 2.75 59.40 to 51.40
196 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 6, 1920<br />
Chicago.—A sale of 1,200 tons of foundry for first half<br />
delivery has been made at $42 base, Birmingham. While a<br />
few Southern furnaces are quoting higher than $42 on that<br />
delivery, the principal factors in this market are adhering<br />
to the old prices. A fair sized tonnage of Northern foundry<br />
for first half shipment has been contracted for at $46 base<br />
furnace, although the leading furnaces are not anxious to<br />
book business so far ahead. There has been little improvement<br />
in by-product coke production in this district and beehive<br />
coke is still difficult to obtain.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered, at consumers'<br />
yards except those for Northern foundry, and steel-making irons,<br />
which are f. o. b. furnace and do not include a switching charge<br />
averaging 50c per ton.<br />
Northern coke. No. 1, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 last half $48.25<br />
Northern coke. No. 1 spot 48.25<br />
Northern coke foundry. No. 2 sil. 1.75 to 2.25 last half 46 00<br />
Northern coke, No. 2, spot 46.00<br />
Northern high phos., last half 45.00<br />
Southern coke, No. 1 foundry and No. 1 soft, sil. 2.75<br />
to 3.25 50.20<br />
Southern coke No 2 foundrv, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 48.70<br />
Southern foundry sil. 1.75 to 2.25 47.00<br />
Philadelphia.—The scarcity of prompt iron is more<br />
marked than ever, particularly of 2.25 to 2.75 silicon iron,<br />
because of the difficulty in securing good coke for making<br />
the higher silicon grades. Sellers do not know where they<br />
can secure even single carloads direct from furnaces. The<br />
only spot sales are of resale material. Only two producers<br />
have sold for 1921—the leading Virginia company which<br />
has disposed of several thousand tons and a Buffalo furnace.<br />
Most are wary of quoting for this period because<br />
of the uncertain future. Tlie new freight rates will increase<br />
the cost of making pig iron $1.85 to $5 a ton, it has been<br />
variously estimated by furnace representatives, due to the<br />
increased costs of hauling raw materials to the furnaces.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered in consumers'<br />
yards in Philadelphia or vicinity:<br />
East. Pa. No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil $47.90 to $50 10<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 49.15 to 51.35<br />
Virginia No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.75 sil 49.10 to 50.10<br />
Virginia No. 2 X, 2.25 to 2 75 sil 50.35 to 51.35<br />
Cincinnati.—Inquiries for prompt iron have fallen off<br />
to some extent though some sales for early shipment are<br />
noted. Much of the interest shown in the market is from<br />
consumers who feel that this is as good a time as any to<br />
cover for future requirements and the bulk of the sales are<br />
being made for last and first quarters. Announcement that<br />
the Interstate Commerce Commission had granted the request<br />
of the railroads for increased rates was received with<br />
interest. One interest in close touch with a Southern furnace<br />
estimates that it will add anywhere from $2 to $5 a<br />
ton to the cost. The new schedules will mean that the freight<br />
rates from Birmingham to Cincinnati will be increased by<br />
90c. a ton and from Ironton to Cincinnati by 72c. a ton.<br />
Based on freight rates of $3.60 from Birmingham and $1.80 from<br />
Ironton. quote f. o. b. Cincinnati:<br />
Southern coke, sil. 175 to 2.25 (base price) $45.60<br />
Southern cnke, sil. 2.25 tn 2.75 (No. 2 soft) 46.S5<br />
Southern Ohio coke. sil. 1.75 to 2 25 (Xo. 2) 46.8(1<br />
Cleveland.— Only one local interest has taken any pigiron<br />
contracts for next year. There is a limited amount of<br />
activity in foundry iron for this year. Two sellers have<br />
advanced their price on foundry grades for this year to $46<br />
for shipment from a Lake and Valley furnace and from<br />
Erie and Detroit. Furnace companies were able to ship<br />
about as much iron as they made in July, but shipments<br />
were very unevenly distributed because of the railroad<br />
situation.<br />
We quote delivered Cleveland as follows, based on 40c switching<br />
charge for local iron, a $1.40 freight rate from Valley points, and<br />
$5 from Birmingham:<br />
Northern, Xo. 2 fdv., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 $45.40<br />
Southern foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 48 70<br />
Ohio silvery, sil. 8 per cent 60.40<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap Iron, Xew Vork.— Prices have taken a rise on<br />
several items, there being demand both from the Pittsburgh<br />
district and export, one influence bidding against the<br />
other. Stove plate and cast scrap have taken the most<br />
marked price advance. Scrap dealers are complaining about<br />
the situation caused by the embargoes against the use of<br />
hopper cars for scrap, which will not be lifted until Aug.<br />
21, with an increase in freight 10 days later.<br />
Prices with dealers in New York and Brooklyn are quoting to<br />
local foundries per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $40.00 to $42.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building materials,<br />
etc.) cupola size 39.00 to 40.00<br />
X T o. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size 32.00 to 33.00<br />
No. 2 cast(radiators, cast boilers, etc.) 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. in diam., not under<br />
2 ft. long) 18.50 to 19.00<br />
Stove plate 27.00 to 28.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago.—The coal strike dampened market<br />
activity the latter part of last week, but interest has<br />
since revived. The prices are firmer, although there have<br />
heen few advances. Rolling mill grades are dull owing to<br />
the suspension of operation by one bar iron mill and expected<br />
curtailment by others. Transportation conditions are<br />
steadily improving.<br />
We quote delivery in consumers' yards. Chicago and vicinity,<br />
all freight and transfer charges paid, as follows:<br />
Per Net Ton<br />
No. 1 cast 36.00 to 37.00<br />
Boiler punchings 25.50 to 26.00<br />
Locomotive tires, smooth 24.00 to 24.50<br />
Machine shop turnings 9.50 to 10.00<br />
Cast borings 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Stove plate 28.00 to 28.50<br />
Grate bars 28.50 to 29.50<br />
Brake shoes 25 50 to 26.00<br />
Railroad malleable 28.50 to 29.00<br />
Agricultural malleable 28.00 to 28.50<br />
Country mixed 16.00 to 17.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburgh.—The market still exhibits a<br />
very strong tone, partly because of the increased interest<br />
of a number of melters in the market, but chiefly because<br />
of the increased reluctance of dealers to take on orders<br />
delivery of which cannot be made before Sept. 1, except at<br />
prices which cover the higher freight charges. The market<br />
bas moved up quite sharply on machine shop turnings, at<br />
prices ranging from $13.50 to $15. This grade is not obtainable<br />
now in quantity at much below $15. Cast iron borings<br />
is noted at $19, delivered, and $35 has been done on a<br />
round tonnage of heavy breakable cast. Shipping conditions<br />
in this district are unimproved and permits issued by tbe<br />
Pennsylvania Railroad are for only limited periods.<br />
We quote for delivery to consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh and<br />
other districts that take Pittsburgh freight rates as follows:<br />
Cast iron wheels $42.00 to $43.00<br />
Rolled steel wheels 29 00 to 30.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 14.50 to 15.00<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 28.00 to 28.50<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 21.50 to 22.00<br />
Short shoveling turnings 18.50 to 19.00<br />
Heavy breakable cast 35.00 to 35.50<br />
Sove plate 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Cast iron borings 19.00 to 19.50<br />
Xo. 1 railroad wrought 31.00 to 32.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Xew York—The week has been a slow<br />
one, dealers recording business light. Prices are easing off<br />
a little with the exception of lead, which remains firm.<br />
Dealers' buying prices are as follows:<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible $15 75<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 15.00<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 13*00<br />
Brass, heavy IQ 00<br />
Brass, ligbt 750<br />
LT„.,,-V machine composition 15.25<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 9.50<br />
Xo. 1 red brass or composition turnings 12.25<br />
Lead, heavy 7 50<br />
Lead tea [[ s!oO<br />
Zinc s.25<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.—Market quiet and prices un-<br />
> hanged. Dealers' buying prices for less than carload lots<br />
a re:<br />
Red brass ' 13.50<br />
Yellow brass, heavy 9,00<br />
Vellow brass, borings 10.00<br />
Heavy wire 15.50<br />
Heavy copper 15.50<br />
Copper clips 13.50<br />
Copper bottoms 11.50<br />
Lead pipe 6.25<br />
Tea lead 3.00<br />
Tin foil 30.00<br />
Block tin pipe 35.00<br />
Zmc 4.00<br />
Pewter, No. 1 25.00
_<br />
1<br />
1<br />
EVEREADY<br />
WELDING AND CUTTING OUTFITS<br />
Formerly &/jgA{-QJl[(> Apparatus<br />
Built by Oxweld—On Sale Everywhere<br />
AN extremely efficient, economical and easily portable<br />
JLAL. welding and cutting outfit,—inexpensive and simple,<br />
yet sturdy.<br />
Only apparatus of its kind that can be readily dismantled<br />
and reassembled in the field—all joints ground to precision, all<br />
parts interchangeable.<br />
Designed for use with compressed acetylene in cylinders—<br />
a proved tool, years in service in metal-working trades, improved<br />
and refined by the world's foremost manufacturers of<br />
oxy-acetylene welding and cutting apparatus.<br />
Full line of apparatus and supplies. Use coupon to obtain<br />
your copy of New Eveready Catalog and name and address<br />
of distributor in your locality.<br />
OXWELD ACETYLENE COMPANY<br />
(Eveready Apparatus Dept.)<br />
3644 Jasper Place Chicago, 111.<br />
World's Largest Makers of Oxy-Acetylene<br />
Welding and Cutting Outfits<br />
A<br />
OXWELD ACETYLENE COMPANY<br />
Evereadv Apparatus Department<br />
3644 Jasper Place. Chicago. III.<br />
Please mail me Free of Charge your New Eveready<br />
Catalog and address of your distributor in my locality.<br />
Name<br />
P. O. Address<br />
Please quote METAL WOUKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when writing to advertisers
198 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUCUST 6, 1920<br />
Old Rubber.— Xo demand apparent Prices hold.<br />
Wholesale dealers' buying quotations are:<br />
Boots and shoes 6 to 6J4<br />
Trimmed artics 4^4 to 5<br />
Auto tires 2 2-5 to 2 3-5<br />
Bicycle tires lj-a to 1 .4<br />
Solid tires 2 to 2J_<br />
No. 1. inner tubes<br />
Mixed white scrap<br />
U]72 to 12J_<br />
4 to . *>_<br />
Mixed red scrap 3 r _ to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap l_i to 2<br />
Lead.—Former good demand has disappeared and only<br />
a small supply is available.<br />
Zinc.— Demand is very light and confined to prompt and<br />
early delivery. Producers are not looking for future delivery<br />
claiming there is no profit at the present levels.<br />
Antimony.— Inactivity predominates this market.<br />
Cotton fire hose<br />
3 A to IA<br />
Garden hose 3 Tin Plate, Pittsburgh.—Shortage of box cars is an ex<br />
A to 1 tremely restrictive factor. Some of the big can makers, who<br />
Old Rags.— Dullness predominates the market, with are not getting shipments against contracts, are canvassing<br />
prices unchanged. Wholesale dealers' prices are: the market for spot tonnages and finding little available<br />
No. 1 whites $11.00 to $11.50<br />
except stock items for which they are paying independent<br />
No. 2 whites 5.75 to 6.00 makers from $9 to $10 per base box, Pittsburgh. Tin plate<br />
Thirds and blues<br />
Straight garments<br />
Hard back carpets<br />
Soft back carpets<br />
3.50 to 3.75<br />
2.00 to 2.10<br />
1.90 to 2.00<br />
4.25 to 4.50<br />
operations are on a relatively high rate but the independent<br />
mills are more fully engaged than are those of the American<br />
Sheet & tin Plate Co., which is having difficulty in securing<br />
Paper Stock.— Demand good and prices steady with up<br />
supplies of steel. The Western plants of the company are<br />
ward tendency. Wholesale dealers' liuying quotations for doing fairly well in the matter of shipments, as the Western<br />
New York are:<br />
roads are permitting the loading of box cars in the direction<br />
Over issue magazines 3.15 to 3.25<br />
Crumpled news 1.90 to 2.00<br />
of the grain-producing areas, a privilege which is being<br />
denied by the Eastern roads. Hundreds of empty'cars daily<br />
are passing through Pittsburgh on their way West.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh.— Operations of the mills of the<br />
Sheets and <strong>Metal</strong>s<br />
American Sheet & Tin Plate Co. the past week have been<br />
considerably less than 50 per cent, of capacity, due to the<br />
fact that on account of the railroad congestion the company<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets.—Back orders still use has had much trouble in securing sheet bars from its regular<br />
up receipts as fast as they come in. New demands are not sources. As a result of this condition and in an effort to<br />
as strong as formerly.<br />
maintain mill <strong>org</strong>anizations, the company again has opened<br />
Tin Plate.—Prompt delivery is still in demand but car its books for conversion business and in the past week or<br />
shortage has greatly delayed shipment.<br />
ten days have taken about 20,000 tons of this character. Not<br />
a little of this tonnage has been placed by automobile com<br />
Copper.—Sellers are not pressing forward delivery<br />
panies,be<br />
and this development has tendered to relieve the<br />
cause of expected higher prices in the fall due to freight<br />
fear which recently existed about the conditions in that<br />
advances.<br />
industry. Independent sheet makers seem to be getting<br />
Tin.—Thc market is dull almost to stagnation, consumers ample supplies of sheet bars and for that reason have been<br />
being still uninterested and only liglit offerings of the metal averaging higher than 70 per cent, operations in the past<br />
noted.<br />
month. Shortages of cars, however, is restricting shipments<br />
by all makers. It is just as hard and quite as costly as it<br />
has been any time recently to place early shipment business.<br />
sms. mW' ! - -"-A*<br />
Ltai_______.-c%V . -BB<br />
KHHa<br />
^^^>!___fci_______r<br />
^L_* ; ^__H_i<br />
\ W<br />
BURT VENTILATORS<br />
Plenty of Light and Fresh Air<br />
r 1 .HEIR unusually large capacity, scientific de-<br />
J_ sign and generous proportions assure a constant<br />
flow of clean air to replace the vitiated<br />
atmosphere they carry away.<br />
The Burt Glass Top feature provides a clear,<br />
well-diffused light which means increased comfort<br />
and economy.<br />
Burt Ventilators embody many other exclusive<br />
sales points. They enable you to convince the<br />
most skeptical customer.<br />
turther information means money in your pocket.<br />
Write for it today.<br />
The Burt Manufacturing Co.<br />
300 Main Street, Akron, O.<br />
GEO. W. REED & CO.. Montreal<br />
Sole Manufacturers of Burt Ventilators for Canada.<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER wl
AUGUST 6, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 199<br />
Notes and Prices<br />
linseed Oil Market suffered a setback this week and<br />
further reductions expected. In lots of 5 bbl. and over, city<br />
raw American seed is quoted at ,1.36 to $1.58, and out-oftown<br />
raw American seed is quoted at $1.36 to $1.58. In lots<br />
of less than 5 bbl. 3c more per gallon is asked. Boiled oil<br />
brings 2c more per gallon than raw oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.— Demand continues with prices<br />
higher. In machine barrels in yard, the wholesale price is<br />
quoted at $1.70 per gallon.<br />
Rosin,— Dealers report a heavy demand for medium<br />
grades, with indications of further price advances. On the<br />
basis of 280 lbs. to the barrel, the wholesale price of common-to-good<br />
strained is $12.50. Grade D is $16.00.<br />
Iron and Steel Pipe.—The supply situation continues<br />
quite acute, for while there has been some improvement in<br />
railroad operation, there has been no increase in the supply<br />
of railroad equipment, and this has seriously restricted the<br />
movement to and from the mills. The Xational Tube Co.<br />
is merely hobbling along at its National and Pennsylvania<br />
works, having less than 50 per cent, of its pipe furnaces in<br />
operation at the former plant and only one out of six furnaces<br />
at the Pennsylvania works. The Ellwood City, Pa.,<br />
and Wheeling, Ohio, plants of this company also are more<br />
or less curtailed, but comparatively full operations are maintained<br />
at the Lorain, Ohio, works, where ample storage<br />
facilities exist. Independent pipe manufacturers are operating<br />
on the average of about 75 per cent, of their capacity,<br />
and are having only a fair measure of success in making<br />
shipments. Demands show no relaxation in any direction.<br />
The Ford Motor Co. has put out an inquiry for 10 to 12<br />
miles of 16-in. line pipe, presumably for piping gas.<br />
Foundry Coke.— Spot supplies of bee-hive oven coke remain<br />
extremelv scant, in spite of the fact that there has<br />
been some improvement in the car placements in the Connellsville<br />
region, which has been attended by an increase in<br />
production. Oven output remains wofully inadequate to<br />
meet the requirements of both those covered by contracts,<br />
who are getting shipments only in keeping with the car<br />
supply, and those without contracted supplies, who are<br />
anxious to keep in operation. We note a sale of 200 cars<br />
of furnace coke for shipment to a Buffalo melter at $18.7o<br />
per net ton, oven, while on smaller lots $19 is being done.<br />
Some business also is heard of at $18 in furnace fuel, but in<br />
general $18.50 measures the minimum. Foundry grade takes<br />
a range of from $19 to $20.<br />
Niagara Conoidal Fan Catalog<br />
Niagara conoidal fans, with the word Buffalo<br />
beneath, is embossed on the front cover of an 8V2 x<br />
11-in. catalog of 52 pages, issued by the Buffalo<br />
F<strong>org</strong>e Co., Buffalo, N. Y., to enable engineers and<br />
architects to select the fans required to meet any demand<br />
for ordinary heating and ventilation. Its text<br />
is illustrated with cuts and makes clear the method<br />
of taking in the air and forcing it forward in the<br />
construction that is offered under the name Conoidal.<br />
The fan wheel as displayed, is arranged with the<br />
blades attached to wheels smaller in diameter at one<br />
end than the other, and forming the frustrum of a<br />
cone so that when the air enters it must go forward<br />
and out, whether the fan is of the top, bottom or side<br />
discharge. The fans are arranged to be driven by<br />
engines, or direct connected motors. After the text<br />
has been read there are illustrations of the fans complete,<br />
parts, bearings, etc. With the diagrams giving<br />
the dimensions at different points and the capacity of<br />
the different styles and sizes, the reader has a comprehensive<br />
idea of the fans.<br />
Catalog No. 421 is especially a book of reference<br />
indispensable to the man who must give a large quanti-<br />
THESE FIGURES SPELL<br />
SATISFACTION<br />
300,000<br />
Vogel Frost-Proof<br />
Closets Now in Use<br />
The wide-awake plumber finds an<br />
unlimited field for Vogel Frost-Proof<br />
Closets.<br />
There is a lot of "Vogel" Frost-<br />
Proof business in your locality. Look<br />
in the garages, shops, isolated and<br />
unheated places—plenty of work for<br />
you to do and each "Vogel" installation<br />
means a handsome profit.<br />
They are easy to sell,<br />
simple and inexpensive to<br />
install and reliable in<br />
service. Cannot freeze.<br />
No water in tank or any<br />
part of closet when not<br />
in operation.<br />
Get VOGELS from<br />
your jobber.<br />
Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
Wilmington<br />
Delaware<br />
ty of air, whether for connection with a duct system<br />
leading to many different rooms, or to a large room<br />
in which the air is distributed as in a garage or large<br />
meeting hall, or is kept in circulation.<br />
When New York's Transportation<br />
Facilities Were Blocked<br />
(Continued from page 187)<br />
appropriate legal proceedings; and<br />
Whereas, In pursuance of said resolution a Citizens'<br />
Transportation Committee has been established and has<br />
found that the existing obstructions to transportation in<br />
this community now present an urgent occasion for action<br />
along the lines aforesaid:<br />
Now therefore the undersigned, each for himself or itself,<br />
in consideration of the subscriptions made by the other subscribers<br />
hereto, and in consideration of the undertaking of<br />
said Citizens' Transportation Committee to endeavor to<br />
carry out the purposes for which it has been created, does<br />
hereby agree to contribute to said committee the sum of<br />
money set opposite his or its name; the proceeds of such<br />
subscriptions to be expended by said committee for the<br />
purposes aforesaid without liability on the part of the said<br />
committee or any member thereof.<br />
Subscriptions shall be payable to the order of the Citizens'<br />
Transportation Committee in installments of not more<br />
than 10 per cent, each, at intervals of not less than thirty<br />
days each, as called for by the cominittee.<br />
Balance of subscription not called before July 1, 192A<br />
shall be deemed cancelled unless the subscribed extends it.<br />
Unused balance of funds in hands of the committee, when<br />
it terminates its work, shall be repaid to subscribers in<br />
proportion to their respective subscriptions.
200 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 6, 1920<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide changes in<br />
price continue.<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks.<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sufficiently heavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticable<br />
to name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
5 in 4.25 4.05 3.00<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over 5'/2 in 4.90 4.50 3.50<br />
99% pure, in ingots for remelt 6 in 5.05 4.75 4.00<br />
ing, 100-lb. lots—37 to 39c. 7 in 6.50 7.50<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
ELBOWS AND SHOES—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb. Galvanized Steel-<br />
10c to 12c Plain Round and Corrugated-<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET—<br />
All sizes up to 6 in 5C%<br />
Base price Nominal Square-<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
Square 40%<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4.50 Copper-<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
All sizes Net List<br />
Corrugated-<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings—<br />
Round or Square-<br />
Standard list..Prices on application<br />
Galvanized steel 30% LEAD—<br />
Toncan or ingot 15% American Pig, per lb. ..10J_c to lie<br />
Copper 10% Bar, per Ib llj_c to 12c<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe-<br />
METAL LATH—<br />
Galvanized 20% Under 100 sq. yd. per sq. yd. 40c<br />
Spiral Riveted—<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.—<br />
Galvanized On application Leads—<br />
(See also elbows and shoes; Lead, American White, in Oil,<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers, kegs less than 500 lbs., 15}_c<br />
Conductor.)<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. tin<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
pails; add to keg price %c<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.)<br />
Lead, Red, in Oil, less than 500<br />
COPPER—<br />
lbs., 15c<br />
Lake ingot 21J_-22}_c Dry Colors-<br />
Electrolytic 21-22c Red Venetian, American,<br />
Casting 20-21c<br />
Per 100 lbs., 2<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per<br />
lb., 29J_c mill.<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 lb. lots<br />
and over.<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per lb.<br />
advance.<br />
Colled Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier<br />
per lb. advance over hot rolled.<br />
Polished— 48 in.<br />
long 48 in.<br />
and to<br />
less 96.in.<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft.<br />
10 in. wide and under 6c 7c<br />
10 in. to 36 in. wide... 5c 6c<br />
Over 36 in. wide 8c 9c<br />
Planished, iy2c per sq. ft. more<br />
than Polished.<br />
Bottom, Pitts and Flats, 24 oz.<br />
base and heavier, per lb 38c<br />
Tinning— 96. in.<br />
long<br />
and Over<br />
less 96.in.<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft.<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c 6c<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c 7c<br />
Over 48 in. wide 7c 8c<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot, 25%<br />
Galvanized steel 40%<br />
Copper 10%<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS—<br />
Lap or Slip Joint, 10% alcove list.<br />
CHARCOAL STOVE PIPE<br />
ELBOWS-<br />
NO. 1 No. 2 No. 3<br />
4 in $4.00 $3.90$ 2.75<br />
4V2 in 4.10 3.95 2.85<br />
! ROSIN-<br />
Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
Common to good strained (whole private brands very according to<br />
sale), 280 lbs., per bbl $12.50 composition.<br />
SHEETS—<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES—<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
Yaeger's Salts:<br />
Cents per lb. 1-lb. cans, each 60<br />
No. 10, per Ib 6.50-8.00 5-lb. cans, each 13.00<br />
No. 12, per lb 6.55-8.05 A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
No. 14, per lb 6.60-8.10 Gallon $1.25<br />
No. 16, per lb 6.70-8.20 12-gal. Carboy ...,90c per gallon<br />
Black— One Pass. C. R. (Jug and carboy extra)<br />
Soft Steel Callahan's Non-Corrosive, per<br />
No. 18 to 20, per lb 7.80- 9.80 gal $1.75<br />
No. 22 to 24, per lb 7.85- 9.85 SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
No. 26, per lb 7.90- 9.90 Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 50c<br />
No. 27, per lb 7.95- 9.95 In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
No. 28, per lb 8.00-10.00 per lb.<br />
No. 29, per lb 8.05-10.05 In lots of less than 100 lbs., ad<br />
No. 30, per lb 8.25-10.25 vance 4c per lb.<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 wide, STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR—<br />
10c higher<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
Wellsville Polished—<br />
Copper $2.80 $3.75 $5.75 $9.00 dz.<br />
20 gauge 11.10c<br />
Galv 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 dz.<br />
22 and 24 gauge 11.20c TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
26 gauge 11.30c Straits, pigs per lb 52c<br />
28 gauge 11.50c Straits, in bars, per lb—57c to 62c<br />
Galvanized—<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
Cents per lb. Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
Nos. 12 and 14 9.10-11.10 N. B.—The price of 14 x 20<br />
/2 to 5c No. 16 9.25-11.25 "AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
Nos. 18 and 20 9.40-11.40 IC, 14x20 $16.50<br />
Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00 Nos. 22 and 24 9.25-11.55 IX, 14 x 20 18.75<br />
Red, per ton 35.00 40.00 No. 26 9.70-11.70 IXX, 14 x 20 20.50<br />
Oils-<br />
No. 27 9.85-11.85 IXXX, 14x20 22.25<br />
Linseed, City Raw ....$1.36 to $1.58 No. 28 10.00-12.00 IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
Linseed, Boiled, advance, per No. 30 10.50-13.00 "A" Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
gal 2c No. 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide, IC, 14x20 $14.25<br />
Out of Town American Seed<br />
20c higher IX, 14 x 20 16.25<br />
at $1.36 to $1.58 Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized— IXX, 14 x 20 18.00<br />
Spirits Turpentine-<br />
2._ in. corrugations, 30 per 100 lbs. IXXX, 14 x 20 19.75<br />
In Machine Bbl $1.70 over flat sheets.<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 21.50<br />
PUTTY—<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Painted- Coke Plates, Bright-<br />
Pure tubs, 120 lbs., per lb 4.50c Prices quoted on application. Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
In 1-lb to 5-lb. tins, 6.00 to 7.35c 25_-in. Corrugation<br />
80-lb $11.80<br />
REGISTERS—<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
90-lb 11.90<br />
Cast Iron 10% No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
100-lb 12.00<br />
Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for No. 26, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IC 13.25<br />
White Japan or Electro plate and No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IX 13.25<br />
Small Faces and Borders 20% SLATE ROOFING—<br />
IXX 14.25<br />
Wall Frames 20% F. O. B. cars, Quarry Station. IXXX 15.25<br />
Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and<br />
Per Square IXXXX 16.25<br />
larger 40%<br />
According Terne Plate—<br />
Base Board Registers 20% Pennsylvania— to size Small lots, 8-lb. Coating:<br />
Base Board Intakes 20% Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00 100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
White Enameled Goods 5% No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9 00 IC. 14 x 20 9.50<br />
Solid Brass or Bronze Goods, ex Pen Argyl 7.75 to 8.25 IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
cept Grilles Net Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50 IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
Grilles in Black and White Japan No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75 squared:<br />
or Electroplate in Cast Iron Plain Vermont—<br />
12-lb. Coating $11.50<br />
Lattice, Design. Smaller than No. 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50 15-lb. Coating 11.75<br />
14 x 14 in.,<br />
Unfading Green 6.50 to 13.50 20-lb. Coating 12.25<br />
STORM-PROOF<br />
Prices on application Red 22.00 30-lb. Coating 13.50<br />
ROOFING MATERIAL—<br />
Maine-<br />
35-lb. Coating 14.25<br />
1-Ply Tarred Paper, per ton, Brownsville, Unfading Black,<br />
M. F. Grade 13.50<br />
$102.00 No. 1 $14.00 40-lb Coating 15.00<br />
per roll, 108 sq. ft. Slaters felt, 30-lb roll 2 00 WASTE COTTON—<br />
2-Ply Tarred Paper $1.60 is the 40-lb. Ventilator roll with 2.25 a constant Per lb. in 5-lb. bags 22c<br />
3-Ply Tarred Paper 2.00 SOLDER—<br />
ZINC SHEETS—<br />
Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
'A STRONG, to y2 guaranteed STEADY 37y_c Western PULL Slabs. 10-llc<br />
Prices on application No-, 1 outward of impure 34'/2c air, Sheets etc. No. 9 base casks 14J_c<br />
Roofing Pitch, per ton $30.00 Kenned 3QC<br />
Open per lb 15c ROYALS VENTILATE FROM THE GROUND UP<br />
Patented<br />
THE ROYAL<br />
quickly removing all foul air, gases, etc., supplying instead Pure,<br />
Fresh, Wholesome Air. Note the Scientific construction which<br />
insures maximum exhausting capacity.<br />
The ROYAL is built for DURABILITY and HIGHEST efficiency.<br />
Made to any size, round or rectangular metal or glass<br />
top and with Fire Retarding Damper.<br />
Send for Catalogue explaining why ROYALS should be placed<br />
on every building.<br />
ROYAL 420 LOCUST VENTILATOR STE____T„ ;.'_.;...___• COMPANY<br />
'-,:•-•-'
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
FLORAL PARK, X. Y., Arc. 13, 1920.<br />
The Magazine for<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
On the Job After Forty Years<br />
VO_CME 91, No. 7<br />
Veteran Warm-Air Furnace Tells How It Feels to Get into Service after<br />
a Long Rest in Hardware Man's Warehouse<br />
..CJAY, young man, you seem to be mighty interim<br />
ested?"<br />
"Yes, old-timer, I am. I have never seen any<br />
furnace just like you before. I heard a fellow talking<br />
about you last week, and came out to see you and get<br />
you to tell me something about yourself.<br />
"First, if you will look pleasant I'll take your<br />
picture, and then we can talk.<br />
ON THE JOB AFTER FORTY YEARS<br />
"All right!—That's fine! All finished; now let's<br />
go-"<br />
"You see I viewed the world from a warehouse<br />
for years and years, but I am a hale and hearty old<br />
chap and just as good as when I came out of the<br />
foundry. I was made by Beecher & Parker of Chicago,<br />
under patents of Aug. 27, 1861, and came out<br />
• By The-Man-Who-Watched<br />
to Aurora nearly 10 years ago, and have been in<br />
storage ever since.<br />
"Last winter, Mr. Tanner brought me downstairs<br />
and said, 'We're going to give you a chance now !' So<br />
I was shined up and put in here to heat the store.<br />
Believe me. I was glad to get into action, and from the<br />
pep I have shown I guess there's no kick coming. You<br />
see, my casing was partly removed, and this wire<br />
netting put around me so that the heat would radiate<br />
on all sides.<br />
"I was meant to be used with pipes, but on this<br />
job they just wanted me to warm the air. That cap<br />
effect that you see up there is new and is intended to<br />
keep the air down here where it is warmer.<br />
"As you see. my base is octagonal, and my fire-pot<br />
is cast iron and nearly 3 in. thick. I have flat grates<br />
and my radiator has ten 4-in. slieet metal tubes for<br />
the air to pass on its way to the bonnet.<br />
"The air supply enters at my back low down, and<br />
passes against the hot pot fire surfaces, then through<br />
the sheet metal tubes.<br />
"Now, if you will look into the fire-box you will<br />
see a sort oi pear-shaped casting, which everybody<br />
says is my most unique feature, and has been the<br />
cause of much comment by those who have seen me.<br />
This runs from directly over the cold air entrance,<br />
through the fire chamber and combustion chamber<br />
and discharges through the top drum head. It is<br />
intended to stimulate the flow of air and get a quicker<br />
circulation.<br />
"I burn both soft and hard coal, and have warmed<br />
this large store to Mr. Tanner's satisfaction during<br />
the severe weather of the past winter.<br />
"I am glad to be doing service, and feel fine. Come<br />
in and see me again."<br />
Furnacemen who have heard about this interesting<br />
old specimen have come to see it from many widely<br />
separated sections. Since it was brought from obscurity<br />
by H. R. Tanner, Aurora, 111., who has conducted<br />
ahardware business on the same spot for 54
202 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 13. 1920<br />
Items Which Indicate Higher Levels<br />
Furnace and Stove Price Predictions<br />
In line with its record as the most reliable source of information<br />
in the stove and furnace field, METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER has secured the following forecast of conditions in the field,<br />
so that its readers who handle furnaces and cooking apparatus<br />
mav be guided in anticipating their requirements for the balance<br />
of the year, and advise the public accordingly.<br />
TRUE statement of facts as to the present and<br />
A future outlook in the furnace and stove trade<br />
will be of interest to all dealers and installers<br />
of this apparatus. Manufacturers are in hearty accord<br />
that no misleading hopes be entertained regarding<br />
price reductions, and are making special efforts<br />
to inform their customers concerning the outlook for<br />
the balance of 1920. This information is being given<br />
by mail as salesmen are now off the road.<br />
Furnaces and stoves are staple articles, and price<br />
advances have been moderate and infrequent as compared<br />
with other lines, such as clothing, fuel and<br />
food. Increases have followed and been in proportion<br />
to rising costs of production, and as there has been<br />
no profiteering prices, there are no unreasonable profit<br />
margins whicli can be eliminated. In view of the<br />
close ratio between production costs and current quotations,<br />
manufacturers generally are earning onlv a<br />
modest percentage on the capital invested.<br />
The reasons given for a forecast of prices higher<br />
than those existing* are based on the following:<br />
1. Production is below normal and will continue<br />
so for the balance of the year, with a demand<br />
greater than the present capacity.<br />
2. Supplies of all kinds are short, and extra ex<br />
Had You Believed This?<br />
pense is necessary to secure it. Pig iron<br />
and coke are scarce, and labor is high and<br />
advancing.<br />
3. Transportation facilities are bad. the car<br />
shortage will evidently continue and an increased<br />
freight rate will be effective on or<br />
about Aug. 25 next.<br />
4. Furnaces and stoves have not advanced in<br />
proportion to cost anywhere near to the extent<br />
of commodities that have recently shown<br />
a decline.<br />
The item of freight must be given special attention.<br />
for its importance cannot be overlooked. All of the<br />
materials used in the manufacture of furnaces and<br />
stoves belong to the heavy class, and many are transported<br />
a considerable distance.<br />
In the ease of pig iron, the price is steadily going<br />
up, and such contracts as have been made for delivery<br />
beyond Jan. 1, 1921, have been made at a considerable<br />
advance over prices at which contracts during<br />
the last half of 1920 have been entered.<br />
With the above factors existing, manufacturers can<br />
see no possible reduction in prices for their goods.<br />
and both dealer and user can expect no decline for<br />
manv months to come.<br />
THERE is a cheap and easy way to keep up to date on what is doing in the shops<br />
in our fields. Subscribe for METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
then read it and study it from the angle that applies to your particular situa<br />
tion. Don't neglect lhe advertisements. Read all of them and examine the pictures<br />
contained in them. Has it never occurred to you that an '"ad" may furnish just<br />
the idea you are looking for to apply to some vexing problem? Have not the cuts<br />
in an advertisement ever shown to you just the things vou wanted-to know? Don't<br />
you get a lot of useful information from reading the "ads"? If not, then it must<br />
be that you do not read the "ads" rightly. They should be read as one would read<br />
the news items of the trade paper for they are the newsiest kind of news items. All<br />
of the new discoveries, new inventions, new supplies are in the advertisements. They<br />
offer a wealth of practical suggestions for improving your own methods. You will<br />
find that the fellow that is f<strong>org</strong>ing ahead is reading the advertisements as much as<br />
any part of the paper.
AUGUST 13. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 203<br />
THE PATH THAT LEADS<br />
To MONEY IN THE BANK<br />
Will Be Open to Our Readers<br />
for Travel September 3rd<br />
SERVICE of such a valuable character as that which has<br />
been heralded as showing THE PATH TftfiT LEADS * s to & ain<br />
substantially by starting Friday, TO MONEY IN THE BANK September<br />
3rd instead of on the date originally announced.<br />
It will give more time for all to realize that somethng of<br />
real advantage is in store for them and will come strong and<br />
c nvincing so that it is well worth waiting for.<br />
It is to be the first article of every issue and will make<br />
every reader know how to sell. Selling successfully means a<br />
larger business and at a better profit and those wh^ keep<br />
reading every issue the rest of this year will be in a class that<br />
fear no competition. That is the purpose of showing<br />
WE PMT. WAT LEADS and it is one that every tradesmsn can<br />
TO MONEY (N THE BANK readily follow.<br />
The art of selling is more profitable than any of the other<br />
arts tradesmen practice.<br />
It is the one that is most neglected by competent<br />
mechanics. It needs cultivation. The articles give the in<br />
centive and instruction. You know the money made on labor<br />
is scant but that the most money is made on the goods sold<br />
and the better salesman the tradesman is the more goods he<br />
sells and the more money he makes. The sale of goods involves<br />
the sale of labor in our fields and qualifications to do<br />
the selling will be ecquired by all who read and reflect.
204. METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 13, 1920<br />
Pertinent Information On Details to Insure Correct Construction and<br />
Good Appearances and To Avoid Error<br />
Instructive Directions On Elbow Making<br />
T H E following is the substance of a talk on laving<br />
out the rivet holes in a four-piece elbow pattern<br />
given to tlie writer's helper, Willie, a short time<br />
ago.<br />
You may not think that the variation of so little as<br />
1-16 in. in rivet holes is of much practical importance<br />
and it would not be if vou were onlv going to use a<br />
FIG. 1. ELBOW OB FISH PATTERN—WHICH?<br />
pattern once. But you may think differently when<br />
you remember that an untrue pattern makes untrue<br />
work, besides generally taking more time to do the<br />
work and also that a pattern may be used for 40<br />
years.<br />
Let me put it another way. Suppose you could<br />
have a minute of time and do a better job on one<br />
elbow by having a true pattern,<br />
how much would you save if you<br />
made a thousand? Perhaps I can<br />
make the point more clear by the<br />
following:<br />
S. F. B. Morse, the inventor of<br />
the telegraph, was a painter, but he<br />
had a mechanical mind of the highest<br />
order. When he was translating<br />
the alphabet into dots and dashes,<br />
being a scholar as well as a painter,<br />
he knew that the letter E was used<br />
more than any other letter. Now<br />
what would you do in a case like<br />
that? If you were a mechanic who<br />
realized that attention to details<br />
makes up the sum of perfection, you<br />
would do just the easiest, the most<br />
simple and the best thing. Mr. Morse<br />
realized that the letter that was used<br />
the most should be the shortest when<br />
translated, so lie made just one dot<br />
stand for the letter E. Try to imagine<br />
how much time would have been<br />
wasted since then if he had been a*slipshod<br />
workman and had made five<br />
dots stand for E as it does for I.<br />
A four-piece elbow is smaller at one end than it is<br />
at the other and therefore, as generally laid out, is<br />
a series of cones, which is wrong. It should be a<br />
series of cylinders, one a trifle smaller than the other-<br />
By Skrap<br />
it' vou will look in any good pattern book you will<br />
see the profile of a four-piece elbow giving the diameter<br />
angles, one of which is used to get the circumference<br />
stretch-out.<br />
Now this profile is a cylinder and not a cone and<br />
all the other operations up to the finished elbow should<br />
be done with this fact in mind. The principle is the<br />
same, that is, you .-ire still working on a cylinder<br />
whether you stretch out from A to B, as in Fig. 1, or<br />
continue so as to make what is called a fish pattern<br />
shown at CD.<br />
I do not find many shops tliat have taken the<br />
trouble to make a pattern for marking out a complete<br />
elbow at one operation such as is shown by Fig. 2.<br />
Most all of them content themselves with marking<br />
out an elbow piecemeal, using CD, Fig. 1, as a templet<br />
for the angles. In doing this, they almost invariably<br />
turn the cylinders into a cone by making the<br />
lines for the rivets wrong, as you will see by looking<br />
at Fig. 3. The distance from D to E is ordinarily<br />
about i/4 in. less than it is from F to G. This is done.<br />
of course, so that one end will go into a length of pipe<br />
and the other go onto the outside.<br />
Here i.s where the trouble begins. If this distance<br />
FI6.2<br />
. 2. ELBOW PATTERNS FASTENED TOGETHER<br />
from D to E were the same as F G, you would still<br />
have a cylinder and your elbow would be true, but<br />
since you have made it a cone all four pieces will be<br />
cones and when formed will be out of true, as shown
AUGUST 13, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 205<br />
by Fig. 4. The dotted lines H I are straight. Notice<br />
the hollow at J and the hump at K. This is caused<br />
by the section being a cone, that is, the diameter at J<br />
is a little less than it is at" K and the elbow will go<br />
together staggered, as shown by Fig. 5.<br />
If the pattern were made up of a series of cylinders<br />
instead of cones, the lines at LN and MO, Fig. 4,<br />
would be straight and therefore true because each section<br />
of the elbow would be the same diameter at both<br />
ends.<br />
I have tried to show in the foregoing the defects of<br />
most of the patterns I have met with in my round<br />
through the town and quite a number of other towns<br />
besides. If you will follow me closely I will now try<br />
to show you how I make a pattern for a four-piece<br />
elbow.<br />
Referring to Fig. 2 again, I show a pattern for a 7in.<br />
elbow, each section of which is a cylinder, that is,<br />
both ends are the same in diameter because the rivet<br />
holes PQ are the same distance apart as RS and so on<br />
On the center line L T mark holes as at Y to match<br />
both ends of all four sections, these holes to be used<br />
when making elbows of small pieces of iron. Punch<br />
the holes and the pattern is practically perfect, first,<br />
because it is also a pattern for a half length of 7-in.<br />
pipe, using lock for seam, second, there is no waste of<br />
material as the elbow can be made in four pieces or<br />
eight, and third, three different angles can be made<br />
with the same pattern. For instance, four pieces or<br />
sections makes another angle and two pieces or sections<br />
makes still another, some one of which will fit<br />
almost any job.<br />
Let me throw in these two pointers on making up<br />
the elbow. Always roll the sections up with the punch<br />
burr on the inside. FJse a set on all rivets except on<br />
VV, section 4, flatten this one down so it will not be<br />
in the way when fitted inside another joint. Put<br />
seams opposite each other, as shown in Fig. 5. Lastly,<br />
when I have a furnace job out of town or a good way<br />
from the shop I make up two or three elbows that are<br />
in long sections so that by cutting the elbow apart I<br />
can always get an angle that will do.<br />
Sheet Production in Youngstown<br />
Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. is operating all departments<br />
on a curtailed basis of about 75 per cent of<br />
normal; Republic Iron & Steel Co. and Sharon Steel<br />
Hoop Co. report 85 per cent; Trumbull Steel Co., 75<br />
per cent; Brier Hill Steel Co., 70 per cent; Carnegie<br />
Steel Co., 75 per cent in Sharon, Farrell and New<br />
Castle plants and 55 per cent for Youngstown works.<br />
Newton Steel Co. has 10 mills in commission, producing<br />
one-pass black and highly finished sheets for<br />
the automobile industry at the yearly rate of 60,000<br />
tons, in the proportion of 60 per cent of highly finished<br />
output and 40 per cent of black sheets. Because<br />
of the exceptional demand for the best grade sheets,<br />
the company anticipates entering such production on<br />
W FIG.4 0 j<br />
FIG. 3. GETTING LINE FOR RIVET HOLES<br />
FIG. 4. THE EFFECT OF WRONG LINE RIVETS<br />
FIG. 5. THE APPEARANCE OF CARELESSLY MADE ELBOW<br />
throughout the rest of the pattern. As our galvanized<br />
iron is generally 28 in. wide, the pattern is cut so as<br />
to use half of the width or 14 in. The extreme length<br />
is just long enough to make a half length of pipe<br />
when locked together in the folder when the lock takes<br />
up 114 in- Now look sharp and I will lay it out over<br />
again.<br />
From any determinate base line as T er.ect center<br />
line U. On each side of this line mark for large end<br />
11 1-16 in. and for small end 11 9-16 in. Then for<br />
rivet marks for larger end 11 1-16 in. and for small<br />
end 10 15-16 in. This leaves % in. outside of rivets<br />
for a \ x a larger scale.<br />
At Farrell, Pa., the hot mill department of the<br />
American Sheet & Tin Plate Co. resumed in full Sunday<br />
evening, after an idleness of two weeks.<br />
The Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. has started its<br />
new lapweld tube mill, giving it seven of that type<br />
and four buttweld. The new unit has a daily production<br />
approaching 200 tons.<br />
Makers report no tendency toward cancellation of<br />
orders, but sustained insistence on the part of consumers<br />
for deliveries. Effect of the prolonged interruption<br />
of normal rail service is discouraging some<br />
heavy steel consumers from going forward with<br />
planned enterprises. Producers, however, are optimistic,<br />
in view of strong export demand and outlook<br />
for bumper harvests, which ordinarily react beneficiallv<br />
on the basic industries.<br />
On" one dav reeentlv, 97 trucks were waiting their<br />
turn in a department of a local mill to get material.<br />
/± in. lock and the taper is equal on both ends. _t another plant, 50 trucks were standing m line.<br />
Now mark for rivet holes RSVVVVVV, then laysquare<br />
on line RS and mark PQ at right angles to RS<br />
and so on with the next two sections, No. 2 and 3.<br />
No dealer finds success in life.<br />
On section 4, the small end, lay square on VV and<br />
mark holes W W at right angles to VV. Cut pattern<br />
apart and spread enough to mark between the sections<br />
and fasten together as shown at X.<br />
Nor ever can, until<br />
He sells the goods that don't come back<br />
To customers who will.<br />
R. M. & H. E. Bulletin.
206 METALWORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUCUST 13, 1920<br />
United Effort by Manufacturers, Jobbers and Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
Contractors Will Win Good Business Now. Open<br />
More <strong>Metal</strong> Roofs By Joint Merchandising<br />
By A. V. Hutchinson''<br />
B O O M sheet metal for roofs—NOW—because<br />
people more than ever before are looking for<br />
material that will give the greatest service. The<br />
lasting qualities of good tin plate, zinc and copper<br />
are so well known to those in the business that they<br />
think, as a matter of course, that everybody knows<br />
about them. It is like the native of Buffalo who<br />
wonders at his guests' anxiety to see Niagara Falls.<br />
Roofs of galvanized iron and tin plate have served<br />
from 30 to 75 years, and in Europe zinc has given<br />
equal service. A copper roof with 125 years to its<br />
credit is on Christ Church, Philadelphia. With facts<br />
like these to present there is no argument but that<br />
metal offers the best roof covering.<br />
Prices for metal suitable for roofing have not advanced<br />
as rapidly as other materials whicli are not as<br />
good, so that there is a good opportunity to push a<br />
campaign for good roofs of metal. To do this successfully<br />
two things are required: First, the ability<br />
of manufacturers to supply the metal promptly in a<br />
larger tonnage than is now available for this purpose.<br />
Second, the co-operation of manufacturers, jobbers<br />
and sheet metal contractors.<br />
For some time demand for rolling mill products<br />
has far exceeded the supply, and the eagerness of<br />
buyers has had as much to Act with price advance as<br />
strikes and car shortages. However,<br />
Supply Has with the curtailment of production from<br />
Exceeded labor, fuel and transportation difficul-<br />
Demand ties and approaching hot weather, the<br />
situation should be carefully considered<br />
before definite action is taken.<br />
The manufacturer must be able to make enough<br />
sheets, the jobber must be able to deliver them to the<br />
sheet metal contractor and the latter must by doing<br />
the very highest grade of workmanship put metal in<br />
its rightful place as a roofing material. The public is<br />
in a receptive mood, and the only thing to do is to<br />
deliver the goods.<br />
It would be fitting for manufacturers through their<br />
association to suggest the best method of applying the<br />
various kinds of metal roofing now on the market,<br />
which include tin plate, zinc, copper and metal<br />
shingles. If a standardized specification for roofers<br />
were drawn up embodying the correct practice for<br />
the application of these materials under varying conditions,<br />
it would insure good service of the roofs.<br />
Another very important point is the weight or<br />
gage of metal used, and the recommendation of a minimum<br />
weight would prevent a recurrence of the bad<br />
name that was once given to tin roofs on which poor<br />
material and worse workmanship were used. When<br />
the cheapest material is used there will always be<br />
complaints. But if the best possible material is<br />
chosen there is absolute certainty that its service will<br />
•Presented at <strong>Metal</strong> Branch meeting, Cleveland, May 21-22.<br />
+ Western Editor, <strong>Metal</strong> Work, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>.<br />
be good, and will be of general satisfaction to all<br />
concerned.<br />
Sheet metal men have worked with tin plate and<br />
know how to use it, but they do not like to take a<br />
chance with the zinc or copper because of its greater<br />
properties of expansion and contraction. This attitude<br />
can only be corrected by education. When these<br />
metals are better understood and worked under proper<br />
conditions, they will give splendid service, and<br />
more information must be given to practical men in a<br />
way that they will understand. Instructions and<br />
detailed drawings to show each step for applying<br />
these metals in different ways should be so clear that<br />
the men cannot fail to grasp the technique from the<br />
drawing and explanation given.<br />
In telling the public the advantages of metal roofs<br />
photographs of what can be done with the various<br />
kinds with standing seam, flat seam, battened, sheet<br />
metal tiles and shingles are invaluable,<br />
Photographs and should be used freely. A picture<br />
of Advantage will always get attention, where a<br />
printed page will be passed up.<br />
The manufacturer and jobber must give from their<br />
experience in merchandising so that the contractor<br />
will learn that the only way to get business is to go<br />
out after it. The hearty co-operation of all factors<br />
in the business will bring a greater development of<br />
the industry, and be of great public service by making<br />
more metal roofs.<br />
Invaluable Articles Published<br />
B. F. JOHN Co.<br />
Architectural Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Work, Skylight- Roofing,<br />
Heating and Ranges<br />
1003 Race Street,<br />
Philadelphia, Pa., July 8, 1920<br />
Mr. Frank K. Chew,<br />
243 West 39th St.,<br />
New York City.<br />
Dear Sir:<br />
Allow me to congratulate you on the two very interesting<br />
articles in the last two weeks' paper entitled<br />
"Furnacemen Can Aid in Solving Housing Problem,"<br />
and "Will Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Men Drive Their Industry."<br />
There are a number of other good papers that make<br />
the last two issues very interesting indeed, and your<br />
suggestion of a press committee is already working in<br />
our <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
There will be quite a discussion on several papers<br />
at our September meeting, which is our quarterly<br />
dinner and I think Secretary Knecht is preparing<br />
something real for that evening.<br />
Hoping you are well, I am,<br />
Very truly yours,<br />
BENJAMIN F. JOHN Co.<br />
(Signed) B. F. John.
AUCUST 13, 1920 METALWORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 207<br />
Water Never Missed<br />
Until Everything Was Dry<br />
Information on the Method of Repairing Pumps with<br />
Special Reference to Leather Valve Replacement<br />
PROBABLY there is no domestic appliance more<br />
generally used outside of the cities than the common<br />
pitcher pump. I should like to say a few<br />
words on the subject of repairing pumps in general<br />
but with special reference to replacing the leather<br />
valves.<br />
«__•___.<br />
Fu<br />
FIG. 1. COMMON PITCHER PUMP<br />
FIG. 2. LOWER VALVE LEATHER<br />
PLUNGER VALVE LEATHER FORMED<br />
FIG. 4.<br />
VALVE LEATHER READY TO BE FORMED<br />
FIG. 5.<br />
Many years' experience has enabled me to perfect<br />
a method of procedure which always gives good results,<br />
and I am glad of the chance of passing it along<br />
for the benefit of those to whom the work may be new.<br />
A pump should be handled pretty carefully for, although<br />
it is made of iron, the castings are thin and<br />
thin castings are almost always brittle. Besides, if<br />
you should break a customer's pump you could not<br />
satisfy some of them with a silver-plated one.<br />
An ordinary kitchen pump is shown in Fig. 1. Suppose<br />
we take it apart and put in new leathers. The<br />
bolts AA and set screw B are liable to be rusted so<br />
badly that no chance may be taken of twisting the<br />
heads off. Put a little kerosene on them and heat the<br />
metal with a torch, tapping the heads with a hammer<br />
until they start with a 6-in. wrench. When the pump<br />
is taken apart the lower valve leather, Fig. 2, will be<br />
found to have a weight or flapper fastened to it with<br />
a brass screw. Don't try to take this screw out until<br />
you have put the flapper and leather into a fire and<br />
burned the leather all off. Then throw it into water<br />
and, when cold, the screw will come out easily.<br />
A cross section of the plunger is shown in Fig. 3,<br />
in which CC is the leather, also shown in Fig. 4.<br />
Burn the leather out of the plunger and immerse the<br />
holder DD in cold water about !/_ in. and it will come<br />
out without danger of breaking. In putting in a new<br />
lower valve leather some favor putting the grain side<br />
By F. N. Parks<br />
down and others argue for the flesh side. I do not<br />
think it makes much difference beeause, while the<br />
flesh side being softer might take care of small particles<br />
of sand and thus preserve the seal, the grain<br />
side being smoother is less liable to catch sand or dirt.<br />
Soak both leathers thoroughly in water.<br />
If the valve seat is pitted with rust or worn, file<br />
it down until it is true. Fasten the flapper to the<br />
leather and put in place. Set the barrel on and adjust<br />
bolts AA, Fig. 1. In screwing these bolts home<br />
be sure that it is done evenly so that each side will<br />
be the same distance from the base.<br />
If you have plunger leathers already made as<br />
shown in Fig. 4 and 5, you may or may not have the<br />
size required so it will be necessary to cut one out,<br />
using harness or soft sole leather. If the leather is<br />
spongy be sure and cut the hole somewhat smaller and<br />
stretch it over holder DD, Fig. 3. When the holder<br />
is tightened up the leathers must be crimped, as shown<br />
in Fig. 4. This is done by a little tool shown in Fig.<br />
6 made in the shop of No. 24 galvanized iron 8 in.<br />
long, 2*4 in. in diameter at the small end and 8% in.<br />
at the other, with the seam closely riveted for strength.<br />
This size cone crimps leathers for pumps from No. 1<br />
to No. 4 size. The plunger is put into the large<br />
end of the cone and forced down until the right size<br />
is reached.<br />
FIG. 3. CROSS SECTION<br />
OF PLUNGER<br />
FIG. 0. SHEET METAL FORMER<br />
FOR VALVE LEATHERS<br />
Look down the inside of the pump barrel or cylinder<br />
and note that it is worn smooth only up to within<br />
about % in. of the top opening. This is generally<br />
crusted over with rust. This should be cleaned off.
•208 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 13, 1920<br />
It is better to leave the plunger in crimping cone until<br />
the leather partially dries but, when it is taken out,<br />
rub on some soap before it is forced into barrel of<br />
pump. Now put on the handle and handle frame and<br />
be very careful not to turn the set screw B, Fig. 1,<br />
too tight, for the weakest part of the whole pump<br />
is right under that screw. Oil all bearings on liandle<br />
and the pump ought to be in first-class order.<br />
In setting a pump in a wooden shelf, especially if<br />
lead pipe is connected to the pump, never fasten it<br />
T H E labors of many a farmer's wife have been<br />
lessened by bringing the pump into the kitchen.<br />
Then another step that has had her approval was<br />
piping to supply hot water without having to lift and<br />
carry water from the pump to the stove. In view of<br />
these facts and that all do not go right out and get<br />
the best there is to be had on hearing about it though<br />
the}' need to be relieved of burdens, I submit a<br />
drawing of a pump and its connections, with tank and<br />
waterback in the stove, that I have arranged for many<br />
people in the South and whieli are still in service.<br />
There are many places where the first step will<br />
have to be taken before they will take the long step<br />
to the modern outfit. I believe that the trade in the<br />
smaller centers in the farming com-<br />
Prepare People munities will do well to study the<br />
by Getting drawing I submit and bring it to<br />
Their Attention the attention of people who could afford<br />
to pay the price and would pay<br />
the price to have the necessary changes made to help<br />
the woman on the farm. It will be noted in the first<br />
place that the pump has been brought into the kitchen<br />
and has been placed alongside of the sink so that the<br />
woman can pump water directly into the dish-pan or<br />
any other utensil she may be using. This is a great<br />
step in advance over going outside to the well with<br />
a bucket, bringing it in, setting it on a bench and<br />
then dipping out the water required for different<br />
purposes.<br />
The sink pump is a great comfort and convenience.<br />
*Memphis representative Estate Stove Co.<br />
with screws; use bolts, for screws are bound to work<br />
loose from the constant working of the pump and this<br />
is what breaks the lead apart just below the joint.<br />
If a pump fails to hold up water, there is a leak<br />
in the pipe or the trouble is in the lower valve, Fig. 2.<br />
The plunger valve has nothing to do with it.<br />
If, when the pump is in good order, it fails to throw<br />
water, look lower down. I once knew of three different<br />
mechanics (?) who tried to make a pump work<br />
when there was not a drop of water in the cistern.<br />
Simple Hot Water Supply for Farm House<br />
Type of Outfit That Was Used With Satisfaction<br />
Before Modern Systems Were Known<br />
By John Lynch''<br />
The pump, however, does not procure cold water only<br />
if it is piped as shown in the sketch. It will be<br />
noted that the pipe running from the pump delivers<br />
immediately to the storage tank F, when the valve C<br />
is opened and the valve E is closed. This fills the<br />
tank and with a little care it never overflows. Then<br />
from the bottom of this tank F a pipe is carried to<br />
the waterback where a pipe is carried from the waterback<br />
to the same connection on the side of the tank<br />
that received the cold water.<br />
Now in service if hot water is desired all the housewife<br />
has to do is to close the valve D, open the valve<br />
E and pump the water direct through the pipe G. If<br />
she wants cold water she closes the valve E and valve<br />
C and pumps directly through the faucet B. If the<br />
hot water is needed in the bathroom on the floor<br />
above, she closes the valves C and D, opens E and<br />
starts the pump going and pumps the water from the<br />
tank up to the bathroom where the bath is taken in the<br />
modern tub for the washtub is carried up for the purpose.<br />
In this way whether or not she has a reservoir<br />
on the range as shown, she has a supply of water<br />
which she can manipulate with advantage. And then,<br />
too, there is enough of it so that if she wants to do<br />
laundry work on Mondays it will keep heating without<br />
any special effort on her part beyond the operation<br />
of the pump, which she will have to work in any case<br />
where the water supply is not under pressure.<br />
Doubtless some of the readers have installed equipments<br />
of a similar nature or better and they mav be<br />
willing to bring to the attention of the readers something<br />
of what they have installed.
AUCUST 13, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FI<br />
Place These Red Cross Facts Before People in Small<br />
Towns and on Farms Needing Plumhing and<br />
Extend Health by Installing Sanitary Equipment<br />
Plumbing and Epidemic Prevention<br />
in Europe<br />
The plumber is the right man to take a Health Protection Message<br />
throughout the United States as the American Red Cross took it<br />
abroad and make the home water supply and waste disposal svstems<br />
safe in places where it is now a menace.<br />
T H E place of plumbing in the public welfare has<br />
been more clearly defined by the conditions arising<br />
out of, or laid bare because of the world war<br />
than ever before. Plumbing as an all-important factor<br />
in city sanitation and hygienic homes bids fair to<br />
achieve in the next decade as momentous a place as<br />
has proper understanding of dietetics and food values<br />
in the decade now passing.<br />
Wherever the American Red Cross relief units have<br />
been established in the stricken countries overseas,<br />
there plumbing conditions have undergone a grilling<br />
examination, with a resultant introduction of modern<br />
methods and improved health. The further East the<br />
investigation has taken its course, the more urgent, as<br />
a rule, has been the need of instruction in modern<br />
plumbing.<br />
Open wells, open sewers, contaminated water supplies<br />
and undrained streets—tliese have been pointed<br />
out wherever the symbol of the American Red Cross<br />
has flown, as the indices of a community's intelligence<br />
and progress or the lack thereof. And while<br />
the incalculable effects to be expected from the enlightenment<br />
of the public mind when these now bankrupt<br />
nations recover their economic balance will undoubtedly<br />
create a market for plumbing supplies and<br />
workers unprecedented in the history of Europe.<br />
Notable instances of how far behind our New<br />
World standards, even the acknowledged center of<br />
culture and art of the Old have fallen, have pointed<br />
out in the ease of modern Greece. In historic Athens,<br />
clustered at the foot of the renowned Acropolis, and<br />
the other classic ruins that mutely testify to the glory<br />
of the past, are hundreds of families living in filth<br />
and misery. Dooryard wells—fountains of disease<br />
—furnished the drinking water for dozens of households.<br />
Throughout the Balkans similar conditions<br />
obtained until the American Red Cross began spreading<br />
its propaganda of better health and modern standards<br />
of sanitation.<br />
In fact, but one case stands out in shining contrast,<br />
the city of Vienna. The vital statistics of the Austrian<br />
capital abundantly prove, by the absence of<br />
certain communicable diseases always prevalent in<br />
the other countries, that the plumbing of a munici<br />
209<br />
pality is the health thermometer that indicates that<br />
city's sanitary condition. Vienna furnishes an illustrious<br />
example of what can be done in conserving a<br />
people's health by properly piping in a pure water<br />
supplv and by constructing adequate sewers. For<br />
though Vienna, through famine and the pestilences<br />
spread by other causes, is to-day the "sick city of<br />
Europe," she nevertheless still remains comparatively<br />
immune from such scourges as cholera, typhoid and<br />
the kindred ills spread by open sewers.<br />
Vienna, long prior to the war, had achieved two<br />
municipal undertakings of first rank from the health<br />
standpoint. Sewage canals and a pure water supply.<br />
In the latter part of the 19th century, the city determined<br />
to discontinue the practice of using the Danube<br />
Canal and the Vienna River for sewage and constructed<br />
450 miles of "main gatherers," or overvaulted<br />
sewers, which joined the Danube in an uninhabited<br />
region some distance below the city. Thereafter<br />
typhus was brought under control and in 25<br />
years preceding the war it never caused higher than<br />
95 deaths per year out of the city's population of<br />
more than two million. These 95 cases may be<br />
ascribed to the fact that Vienna, a trade center of<br />
Europe, had always been a meeting place for the<br />
odds and ends of humanity from all the world.<br />
In addition to the sewage system the municipality<br />
purchased the watersheds of two mountain torrents<br />
in the region of Schneeberg. 100 miles to the southwest.<br />
P'rom these Alpine springs, with an elevation<br />
of 6.000 ft., the water flows under great pressure and<br />
is abundant, pure and cold. No citv has more delicious<br />
drinking water; cool enough to dispense with<br />
ice and of a flavor to make mineral water unnecessary.<br />
Thus, because of the excellence of her sewage disposal<br />
and the water supply, Vienna has not only safeguarded<br />
herself against typhoid, but also against the<br />
two other dreaded diseases formerly introduced from<br />
the Orient and spread in epidemic waves across Middle<br />
Europe, dysentery and Asiatic cholera. Since the<br />
installation of the new systems of sewage and water<br />
these two scourges have never gained a foothold in<br />
the citv.
210 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 13. 1920<br />
Successful Combination<br />
Direct and Indirect Heating System<br />
FIG. 1. WATER SEAL BALL CHECK UNION ELBOW<br />
USED ON RADIATORS<br />
Vapor-Vacuum-Pressure Installation Comfortably<br />
Warms Large Mansion of 48 Rooms and Halls<br />
W H E N the heating system to be installed in a the additional advantage of complete control over the<br />
house is under discussion, usually only three amount of heat entering each radiator. It operates<br />
methods of heating are considered—steam, hot without pressure and most of the time under a par<br />
water and warm air. Occasionally, liowever, where<br />
the building is large, ease of management of the heating<br />
plant and range in temperature of the heating<br />
medium are desired, and it is realized that some systems<br />
have advantages, a vapor or vacuum system is<br />
investigated.<br />
The residence of Edward F. Leroy, Bernardsville,<br />
tial vacuum.<br />
Since this system depends for success upon the<br />
circulation of vapor or steam through the pipes and<br />
radiators and the presence of air is an obstructing<br />
force, the air must first be removed. The radiators<br />
have no air valves, but the air and the steam conden<br />
N. J., after considerable study of available outfits, sation are both carried off through a water seal ball<br />
was equipped with the Richardson vapor-vacuum sys check valve, as shown in Fig. 1, on the return connectem<br />
of heating by M. J. Doherty, Berna/dsville, N. J., tion at the bottom of each radiator and joined with the<br />
for which the necessary appliances are made by the main air pipe line which runs to the cellar. There<br />
Richardson & Boynton Co., 260 Fifth Avenue, New- fore, a return pipe line is required.<br />
York City. Vapor-vacuum systems have the quick The building in this case, which is "L" shape, is<br />
and positive heating effect of the gravity steam sys constructed of brick veneer on wood and topped with<br />
tem, with the mild low temperature of hot water and a slate roof. In the cellar a Richardson end feed sec-<br />
FIG. 3. AIR EXPELLER THAT PREVENTS<br />
RE-ENTRY OF AIR INTO SYSTEM<br />
f IG. I. PLAN OF LOWER FLOOR OF HOUSE, SHOWING<br />
LOCATION OF RADIATORS AND REGISTERS
AUGUST 13, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 211<br />
iltism.<br />
hSoiSAAj *J; tomato Smog<br />
Water tine /*->j<br />
rf Boiler<br />
eradtcfsaertom? Check Voir,<br />
DETAIL V<br />
Method of Retajmg Air Return Lin<br />
and Connecting Air Expeller<br />
' bee<br />
DETAIL A<br />
L<br />
J",fi..».<br />
'"-/"/riser<br />
FIG. 2. LAY-OUT OF THE STEAM MAIN AND RETURN AIR LINES AND AIR CONNECTIONS TO INDIRECT RADIATORS<br />
tional steam boiler No. 369 is in service. This boiler<br />
has a capacity rating of 3,600 sq. ft. per 8 hr. and<br />
a grate area of 15.65 sq. ft.<br />
From a study of the piping shown in Fig. 2 it will<br />
be seen that the 5-in. main leading from the steam<br />
dome of the boiler runs to the right for a short distance,<br />
where it divides into 4% and 3-in. branches,<br />
thereby producing two circuits. The 4 1 /2" ul - line continues<br />
in the same general direction as the main, eventually<br />
encircling the entire right wing of the building<br />
and finally reduced in size to 2^ in. The 3-in.<br />
branch, after going directly back to the rear of the<br />
left section of the house, proceeds along the back and<br />
then forward on the further left side until nearly a<br />
complete round has been made. It ends a short distance<br />
from the boiler in a 2V-in. pipe.<br />
Note should be taken that each air and steam line<br />
return main starts as a 1-in. pipe where the first<br />
radiator is taken off the supply main, extends through,<br />
parallel with, and at the same pitch as the steam<br />
main and increases in size to take care of the added<br />
connections. The pitch of the piping in this installation<br />
is from a high point at the boiler 1 in. in 20 ft.<br />
for the main and for lateral and horizontal pipe<br />
branches 1 in. in 2 ft.<br />
|/fW<br />
Just beyond the last radiator of each circuit a<br />
horizontal swing cheek valve is located on the 2-in.<br />
return line and at a point between this check valve<br />
and the radiator a 1-in. air line is relayed to the<br />
high point and carried back to a Richardson air expeller<br />
and vacuum valve, as shown in detail A of Fig.<br />
2. This latter device, shown in Fig. 3, placed in<br />
the cellar at the end of the line, automatically releases<br />
the air from the system and closes by expansion<br />
as soon as steam or vapor reaches it, thus<br />
preventing waste of heat. Also the vacuum attachment<br />
prevents air re-entering through the air expeller<br />
when the svstem cools off. Finally the return<br />
main enlarges to 2^> in. before entering the<br />
boiler and is fitted with a horizontal swing check<br />
valve and a gate valve at this point.<br />
In the table i.s given the data by which the heating<br />
of this house was planned and particular note<br />
should be taken of the three rooms having indirect<br />
radiation.<br />
In room 101, Fig. 4, located in the extreme rightwing<br />
of the first floor a 14 x 18-in. floor register in<br />
each of the 4 corners discharges warm air supplied.<br />
from below through a 5 x 18-in. duct and stack. A<br />
5 x 36-in. fresh air inlet admits air from the outside
21: METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 13. 1920<br />
to supplv the two registers in the rear and a duplicate E. G. S. loses 85 B. t. u. per hour with a difference<br />
arrangement supplies two in the front of the room. of 70 deg. between indoor and outdoor temperatures,<br />
This 5 x 36-in. duct is so divided that half the enter then the total hourly losses for the room will be<br />
ing air is conveyed over the 90 sq. ft. of indirect 85 x 58 = 4,930 B. t. u.<br />
radiator surface placed beneath each register, as Sice this liouse has a vapor lieating system it may<br />
shown in Figs. 2 and 5.<br />
be safely assumed that each square foot of radiation<br />
Rooms 102 and 106, shown in Fig. 4, on each side surface gives off 230 B. t. u. per hour. Then to replace<br />
of the central hall, also indirectlv heated, have fresh the heat losses there would be required 22 sq. ft. of<br />
radiator surface. This figure is obtained by dividing<br />
SPECIAL RICHARDSON RETURH FITTINGS 4.930 B. t. u. by 230, the number of B. t. u. given off<br />
per hour by 1 sq. ft. of radiation surfaee. Allowing<br />
10 per cent additional radiation for the weather exposure,<br />
the total amount required to keep this room<br />
STEAM comiECTIOKat 70 deg. Fahr. in zero weather would be 24 sq. ft.<br />
The heating contractor has, however, allotted 32<br />
sq. ft. radiation for this room and similar generous<br />
allowances throughout the building to insure comfortable<br />
lieating during below zero weather and when<br />
high winds prevail. To control the supply of the<br />
lieating medium each radiator is equipped with a<br />
graduated supplv valve, as shown in Fig. 6.<br />
Room 102, which is indirectly heated, would require<br />
by the above method of calculation, 43 sq. ft. of direct<br />
radiation or with a 10 per cent, additional allowance<br />
for weather exposure, a total of 48 sq. ft. is obtained.<br />
A common rule for determining the amount of indirect<br />
radiation is to increase the computed direct radiation<br />
FIG. 5. TYPICAL CONNECTIONS FOR INDIRECT RADIATORS<br />
air inlet 5 x 30 in. and in the former, after passing<br />
over 150 sq. ft. of indirect radiator surface the warm<br />
air is conducted through 8 x 15-in. ducts and 5 x 24-in.<br />
stacks and discharged through two 9 x 24-in. registers<br />
placed in the rear exposed wall beneath the windows.<br />
For room 106, on the left of the hall, the fresh air,<br />
after passing over 150 sq. ft. of indirect radiator surface,<br />
enters a 7 x 18-in. duct and is discharged through<br />
two 12 x 18-in. floor registers located in the rear<br />
corners. All fresh air inlets mentioned are equipped<br />
with quadrant dampers for regulation of the inflow<br />
of outside air.<br />
The total cubic contents of the house is 70,225 cu.<br />
ft. with 5,905 sq. ft. exposed wall surface and 1,487<br />
sq. ft. of glass surface. Assuming 4 sq. ft. of wall<br />
surface equivalent to 1 sq. ft. of glass, the amount<br />
of wall surface can be expressed in terms of glass<br />
surface and when added to the actual glass surface<br />
gives the equivalent glass surface, or E. G. S. column<br />
of the table. Thus the total E. G. S. is 2.968 sq ft.,<br />
thc total amount of direct radiator 1,339 sq. ft. and<br />
660 sq. ft. of indirect radiation.<br />
Examining the proportions found in the table it<br />
will be noted that the radiation-to-cubic-content column<br />
shows an extremely high ratio for the halls. This<br />
is quite permissible considering the small exposed wall<br />
surfaee and that the number of rooms connecting with<br />
the hall is large and therefore a large amount of heat<br />
finds its way from them across these corridors.<br />
As a typical illustration of the method pursued in<br />
calculating the direct radiation required for the different<br />
rooms, consider room 118. By reference to the<br />
table of radiation it will be noted that this room<br />
contains 2.860 cu. ft. of air and has 110 sq. ft. of<br />
exposed wall .-ind 30 sq. ft. of glass surface. The<br />
two last items converted to same thing give the 58<br />
sq. ft. E. G. S. recorded. If each square foot of<br />
by 50 per cent.. Applying it to this case, the indirect<br />
radiation should be 72 sq. ft., but it will be noticed<br />
from the accompanying table that 150 sq. ft. has been<br />
used. The reason for more than doubling the required<br />
amount of radiation was the desire of the owner<br />
to be assured of a warm home, the exposed position<br />
of the liouse, whicli is located on a high hill, with an<br />
open countrv surrounding it and the high winds and<br />
the severe cold weather which often prevails in the<br />
locality.<br />
1-IG. 6. RADIATORS EQUIPPED WITH GRADUATED SUPPLY- VALVE<br />
At first glance it would seem that a larger boiler<br />
than necessary was installed as at present only 2.000<br />
sq. ft. of radiation are in service, but allowing the<br />
usual specification of 50 per cent, above required<br />
radiation, for the boiler rating, then a boiler maintaining<br />
3.000 sq. ft. of radiation would be needed.
AUGUST 13, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 213<br />
However, to take care of any over-rating on the part<br />
of the boiler manufacturer and some proposed future<br />
radiators a boiler having a rating of 3,600 sq. ft. was<br />
decided upon.<br />
This heating installation cannot be cited as an example<br />
of the rigid application of the general heating<br />
rules, but illustrates how when combined with common<br />
SCHEDULE OF RADIATION FOR LeROY RESIDENCE AT<br />
BERNARDSVILLE, N. J.<br />
Ratio of Rad. to<br />
|j fi? h! « fi." u w<br />
Rooms Dimensions M O J> &£ ^ Aa -<br />
214 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 13, 1920<br />
Include Overhead Expense in Wage Charge<br />
Overhead Cost Should Be Added to the Cost of the Production Labor in Order<br />
By W. H. J.<br />
to Have It Included in the Total Cost of the Contract<br />
T H E R E is no easy road that leads to the end of<br />
the cost estimates of the manufacture of any commercial<br />
article, so to obtain easy and quick methods<br />
of calculating costs, one has to travel the hard road<br />
of experience and items and either of them are great<br />
obstructors.<br />
In estimating a contract the cost of material is the<br />
first element to be considered and calculated. Care<br />
should be used in proceeding with this element, for<br />
although not different, it is the cause of much loss by<br />
reason of a loose inspection of the items that enter<br />
into the work. The next element of cost is the cost<br />
of productive labor, also called direct labor and experienced<br />
labor, in other words, the tradesman. An<br />
impersonal estimator should not be allowed to make<br />
this estimate, for even under the most favorable circumstances<br />
it is more or less of a guess, based upon<br />
past experience in the length of time it took to do<br />
similar work. In large contracts this element of guess<br />
is fraught with great danger of a possible loss. Unusual<br />
care should be given to this element of production<br />
when determining its cost in a contract. The<br />
third element of cost in the contract is the cost of<br />
indirect labor, better known as overhead. This one<br />
element is a much-discussed one and its solution is<br />
about as far away as when the pro and con of it<br />
started. The reason for this is that while the solution<br />
is suitable for one kind of business it is not at all suitable<br />
for another kind. The solution given in this article<br />
is dependent upon the overhead cost being an addition<br />
to the cost of the productive labor. Before this<br />
may be done, what the sum of this element of cost is<br />
must first be found. To find it is not a difficult task<br />
but it is a tedious one and few care to go into it,<br />
though it would well repay them to do so. A few of<br />
the expense items which enter into the element of cost<br />
is given as follows and any items of expense that is<br />
not mentioned should be added, for one firm may have<br />
a certain expense that another firm may not have.<br />
Rent. Truck drivers' salaries.<br />
Insurance. Telephone and Telegraph ex-<br />
Light, penses.<br />
Freight, "inward." Stationery.<br />
Truck repairs. Taxes.<br />
Postage. Water rent.<br />
Miscellaneous expense. Heat.<br />
Salaries of officers. Auto truck, 10 per cent, for<br />
Bookkeepers' salaries. depreciation.<br />
Stenographers' salaries. Gasoline, oil and grease.<br />
Inside salesmen's salaries. Advertising and printing.<br />
Outside salesmen's salaries. Additional expenses not<br />
Errand boys' salaries. listed.<br />
Porters' salaries.<br />
The sum of the totals of all these items divided<br />
by the number of working days gives the daily sum<br />
of the expense and this sum divided by the number<br />
of productive men at work is the amount to be added<br />
to the wage of each per day. If desired the overhead<br />
may be subdivided into that of the hourly basis of<br />
wages.<br />
To illustrate the method: It is assumed the total<br />
of the items of expense are $2,700 per year and the<br />
number of working days are 300. Then the calculation<br />
is $2,700 divided by 300 equals $9 as the daily<br />
overhead expense and as there are 10 skilled men<br />
working every day each of them will have added to<br />
his wages for overhead expense $9 divided by 10<br />
equals 90 cents. A slight increase in this is permissible<br />
for loss of time on the part of the skilled<br />
workmen.<br />
Once this is determined as the daily overhead it is.<br />
added to the cost of the wage of the direct labor and<br />
the contractor makes the changes to suit the varying<br />
changes in the expense account. He need not worry<br />
over his expense burden not being taken care of and<br />
he need not be afraid of it being too great a sum.<br />
Bidding on contracts should not be done hastily nor<br />
in a haphazard manner. Every item should be "given<br />
a thorough going over as to its cost and the cost of<br />
placing it in its position. This method of quickly applying<br />
this element of cost to any line of business is<br />
done by merely determining the labor that shall be the<br />
productive labor. Each contract or repair job of any<br />
kind bears its proportion of the overhead burden or<br />
overhead expense. The small contractor may apply it<br />
equally successfully as the big one for his overhead<br />
expense will be in the proportion to the business done.<br />
Use of the Metric System in Norway<br />
A memorandum prepared bv the Norwegian Foreign<br />
Office, according to Consul-General Marion<br />
Letcher, Christiania, on the subject of the use of the<br />
metric system of weights and measures in Norway<br />
reads in part as follows:<br />
The international metric system is the onlv svstem accord-<br />
££._____} v e ' ghtS and measur « «n be adjusted in the<br />
Kingdom of Norway.<br />
The "fisketonne (fish barrel), a measure which has been<br />
m use for many years, contains 116 liters (liter=1.05 liquid<br />
quarts). The use of this measure is permitted in the sale<br />
offish and various other products, such as salt, tar, and<br />
spirits and other liquids. In the sale of cod roe for domestic<br />
consumption, measures of any size mav be used. In "ales<br />
of cod-liver oil, measures of any size under 46.4 liters may<br />
adjusTment meaSUr£S "* h ° WeVer ' not Sub ect to<br />
J<br />
The tendency seems to be in the direction of making the<br />
international metric system the only svstem of weights and<br />
measures used in the country.<br />
s '<br />
In the retail trade the "pund" is used as the equivalent<br />
of half a liter.
AUGUST 6, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 215<br />
This is the Place to submit your per<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
plexing problems---the Place to<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
SERVK__riS"GKATIS<br />
FROM P. M. G., ST. JOHN, N. B.—Near St. John.<br />
I have a job changing a dirt and shaving system. We<br />
are placing the receiver just over the boiler and while<br />
the pressure from a double blower is about right to<br />
clean the discharge pipe, the amount<br />
How Can of air entering the boiler is far too<br />
Volume of Air much. It eats up the coal, makes it<br />
Be Decreased? very hard to keep up steam. I would<br />
appreciate it if you would let me<br />
know as soon .as possible if the receiver is too small<br />
GIVES Too MUCH Am<br />
IT-O" To<br />
toiler Top^<br />
to allow the shaving and dirt to drop into the fire<br />
with as little wind as possible and what the proper<br />
size of receiver should be.<br />
NOTE—The volume of air entering fire-box of boilers<br />
through discharge pipe (C) in this job seems to<br />
ta too great, indicating excessive pressure in chamber<br />
(B), which'can be released by enlarging vent tube<br />
(A), however, we present this to our readers for such<br />
information as their experience suggests.<br />
FROM A. V. B., DAKOTA.—When I stated that I<br />
had a customer who wanted to place his hot water<br />
storage tank or kitchen range boiler in the bathroom<br />
it is possible I did not make myself clear, as the<br />
answers given do not touch the point on which I<br />
sought aid. He does not care how much<br />
Connecting heat he gets. " I am sending a sketch<br />
Heater with and I would like to know what changes<br />
Range Boiler to make, if any are necessary, to inin<br />
Bathroom sure satisfactory service to my customer.<br />
I want the arrangement of piping<br />
so as to get hot water at the kitchen sink, the<br />
bathtub, the lavatory and the laundry tubs, practically<br />
as soon as the faucets are opened. If the furnace<br />
and laundry stove piping is so arranged that<br />
either or both will heat the water in the range boiler,<br />
it will be satisfactory. Will there be any difficulty<br />
in setting the hot water down to the kitchen sink and<br />
laundry tubs, which seems to be a long distance to<br />
travel. I generally put the range boiler near the<br />
RANGE<br />
Note.- Kanqe t__ed for<br />
heating water in summer<br />
BOILER IX BATHROOM<br />
heater and think it is a better arrangement. But I<br />
would be glad to hear from those who have had experience<br />
in connecting range boilers under unusual<br />
conditions as to what changes I should make in the<br />
diagram shown to insure giving my customer satis<br />
faction.
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAMFITTER AUGUST 13, 1920<br />
The Editorial Page<br />
Managing a Rush Business<br />
N O more important matter can engage the atten<br />
tion of the business man at the present time<br />
than reflecting over the changes in the manage<br />
ment of the rush of business that will come in this<br />
fall whicli his past experience has demonstrated nec<br />
essary to him. It is the most natural thing in the<br />
world to follow the old trend whieh has invariably led<br />
him to a congestion and an explosion when the pa<br />
tience of both the customer and tliose who serve him<br />
have been tried to the limit. Everv indication this<br />
fall points to a shortage of goods, a delay in their de<br />
livery when ordered from the manufacturer and fewer<br />
men to do the work than required to handle it with<br />
the dispatch that would please everybody who has a<br />
job to do.<br />
Better Methods Needed<br />
the fellow who does work for the customer has annoy<br />
Under the circumstances, it is most natural to expect<br />
the old method to break down. The man who<br />
ances in the form of dull tools, a shortage of supply<br />
thinks this over and arranges some sy.stem whereby and apparently little consideration to his needs.<br />
lie can keep track of the things required for various Everybody must be kept in a good humor, no matter<br />
customers ordered from different houses and arriv<br />
ing at different times and the goods required for<br />
partly completed jobs will be ready when goods come<br />
in to place them so that the job is complete. There<br />
must not be too much clerical work for those called<br />
on to do it. They will neglect it in the rush for their<br />
services, or the customer will take his departure be<br />
fore the record is correctly made. However, there<br />
must be records and probably in triplicate form, and<br />
some method must be devised for keeping track of<br />
the multiplicity of things whieh several orders from<br />
customers is sure to bring with them.<br />
An Old Head Is Better<br />
other work is concerned, and it requires patience and<br />
vigilance to prevent their method bringing an exces<br />
sive burden as the result.<br />
These things are pointed out so as to show the<br />
tradesmen that he must make preparations if he<br />
wishes to avoid friction among his help and friction<br />
with his customers, and to insure that handling of the<br />
business which requires the least expense and there<br />
fore adds accordingly to the profit.<br />
Be Sure of a Profit<br />
No customer should be served without bringing in<br />
a profit, because the business is conducted for the<br />
purpose of making a profit as well as for giving satis^<br />
faction to those served. The best possible service is<br />
rendered when capable satisfied employees are so<br />
handled that their burdens are reduced, because even<br />
what the strain upon the man who sits in a private<br />
office in the armchair.<br />
Insulating Material<br />
T H E R E will be just as great need for using insu<br />
lating material on heating apparatus as there was<br />
before the experiments at the University of Il<br />
linois demonstrated that one thickness of asbestos<br />
paper wrapped around a warm-air furnace pipe trans<br />
mitted more heat than the bare pipe. This is no new<br />
thought to those who have had experience in earlier<br />
days. It simply means that a better material or a<br />
material better adapted to the purpose must be se<br />
This i.s hardly the job for an impatient youngster<br />
lected, and for such cases an air cell covering, as it<br />
unless there is some care in handling him so that the<br />
is commonly ealled in the trade, removes all cause<br />
pressure will not appear unreasonable to him. There<br />
for criticism. It means that the lieating contractor<br />
must be that discipline among the workers which will<br />
must explain the difference to his customers and se<br />
induce every one to give proper consideration to their<br />
cure the price that will enable him to use the charac<br />
co-operators. Sometimes the most efficient men in<br />
ter of insulation which will render the service that<br />
some lines of work are the most negligent so far as the insulation is expected to give.
AUGUST 13, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Intention at the National Trade Extension Bureau to Secure<br />
Equitable Adjustment of Premium Rates<br />
Collecting Compensation Insurance Facts<br />
IT is the desire of the National Trade Extension<br />
Bureau to secure from plumbing and heating contractors<br />
all over the country facts drawn from the<br />
contractor's own experience as to the cost of premiums<br />
for workmen's compensation insurance. The purpose<br />
is for T. E. B. to summarize and compare the<br />
facts so secured, with a view to making a definite<br />
effort to secure a reduction of rates, to make this<br />
insurance less expensive, and to get the cost more<br />
fairly proportioned to the risk involved to the insurance<br />
companies.<br />
The effectiveness of this T. E. B. campaign will<br />
depend entirely upon the amount of intelligent cooperation<br />
that T. E. B. receives in the matter from<br />
the plumbing and lieating contractor. On the one<br />
hand, if the contractor says to himself: "Oh, I don't<br />
need to send in my figures, there will be thousands of<br />
ethers that they will get, and they won't need mine,"<br />
the result is going to be that the number of facts and<br />
figures placed at the disposal of T. E. B. will be<br />
pitifully small compared to the needs of the situation;<br />
and the results in favor of the plumbing and heating<br />
contractor will be just as pitifully small.<br />
On the other hand, if every plumbing and lieating<br />
contractor takes an intelligent and progressive view<br />
of this matter such as it deserves, a great majority<br />
of them will send the necessary facts and figures, ana<br />
the possibilities of favorable results of the campaign<br />
will be very largely increased.<br />
What are you, Mr. Contractor, going to do about<br />
it? Yes, we mean you, yourself, Mr. Contractor—<br />
you, not your competitor or neighbor, but YOU! Are<br />
you going to sit down and take the few minutes<br />
necessary to send in the facts and figures which will<br />
be asked for, or are you going to "Let Ge<strong>org</strong>e do it,"<br />
with the inevitable result that Ge<strong>org</strong>e will "pass the<br />
buck," just the same as you have done?<br />
If you and Ge<strong>org</strong>e and all of the other Ge<strong>org</strong>es<br />
"pass the buck" frequently enough, the result will be<br />
"nothing doing." Contrarywise, if you and Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
and all of the other Ge<strong>org</strong>es "ante up" properly, sit<br />
into the game, draws cards, and then play your hand.<br />
the pot is going to be big enough to make everybody<br />
a winner.<br />
Every plumbing and heating contractor on the mailing<br />
list of T. E. B. will receive a very attractive<br />
card which will embody a list of questions on this subject<br />
and T. E. B. wants these questions answered by<br />
every plumbing and heating contractor who receives<br />
tliem. The questions will be perfectly plain and<br />
easily answered. The reverse side of the card will<br />
carry a worth-while message to every man in the industry—one<br />
which will be worthy of being made a<br />
permanent part of your office or shop decorations.<br />
For the information of any contractor who reads<br />
this article, and who may happen not to be on the<br />
National Trade Extension Bureau's mailing list, the<br />
questionnaire whieh is to be sent out by T. E. B.<br />
concerning this matter is printed here as follows:<br />
First. How many men in your employment<br />
were injured last fall?<br />
Second. What was the nature of the injury?<br />
Third. Were they injured in or out of the<br />
shop ?<br />
Fourth. State amount each workman drew<br />
from an insurance company as compensation.<br />
Fifth. Give the amount you paid the insurance<br />
company as a premium on your policy.<br />
Sixth. Were the injured men journeymen,<br />
helpers, laborers, sewer men or other help?<br />
Seventh. State the rate you are paying as<br />
premiums to the insurance company for each<br />
$100 of payroll.<br />
Proper answers to these questions from every<br />
plumbing and heating contractor in the United States<br />
will put T. E. B. in a position of discovering whether<br />
or not the insurance companies have been profiteering<br />
in their rates for this compensation insurance. With<br />
the information thus supplied T. E. B. ean furnish<br />
the National Associations with ammunition to attack<br />
excessive rates by intelligent appeals to state and<br />
national governments.<br />
And by the wa;—if you are not on the mailing list<br />
cf the National Trade Extension Bureau, although<br />
you are legitimately engaged in either the plumbing<br />
and heating game, vou ought to get your name on that<br />
list without delav. To do this it is only necessary to<br />
drop a postal card or letter to the National Trade<br />
Extension Bureau, 407 Mercantile Bank Building,<br />
Evansville, Ind., giving them your proper firm name<br />
and address, including street address, and the names<br />
of two or more supply houses from whom you buy<br />
material, and stating whether you do plumbing only,,<br />
heating only, or both.<br />
Not of That Trade<br />
A well-known buver in a Philadelphia department<br />
store, who is also a book lover with a considerable<br />
library was lending a valuable volume to a friend of<br />
his and being a victim of those who borrow books and<br />
never return them, he thought he would request his<br />
friend not to f<strong>org</strong>et to return the book. "Now, said<br />
the buver, "I am going to lend you this book, and 1<br />
hope vou do not f<strong>org</strong>et to return it, because so many<br />
people, through carelessness, keep the books I loan<br />
them." ,<br />
"Oh don't worrv about that, answered the borrower."<br />
"You see", I'm not a bookkeeper, I'm a<br />
plumber."
218 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 13. 1920<br />
Heating and Plumbing Trade Outing<br />
"*JH<br />
MvH<br />
_____?' J 1^'fiH<br />
JOHN G. KELLY<br />
PRESIDENT<br />
•P_#V__J" t__HI' _B r\ I<br />
t*4 _>__f_/l H<br />
HABRY L. COHEN<br />
CHAIRMAN<br />
SAUL RENDELSTEIN<br />
JULIUS COHEN<br />
Greater New York Association of Jobbers Spend<br />
Joyus Day at Glenwood-on-the-Sound. Eek and<br />
Beefsteak Breakfast, Shore Dinner, Baseball Game<br />
Sports and African Golf Featured the Gathering<br />
T H E size of a man's heart is only determined by<br />
mental perception and this is particularly true<br />
of Harry L. Cohen, who had a great deal to do<br />
with uniting the jobbers of New York City and<br />
Brooklyn into an <strong>org</strong>anization that is beneficial alike<br />
to the welfare of the manufacturer and the distributors<br />
of products in the plumbing and lieating line. It<br />
was through his good offices that the Greater New<br />
York Association of Jobbers of Plumbing and <strong>Steam</strong><br />
Heating Supplies became a fixed fact.<br />
Its past presidents include A. K. Sage, of W. A.<br />
Case & Son Mfg. Co., Brooklyn, and Edward Smolka,<br />
of E. Smolka Plumbing Supply Co., New York City;<br />
and its honorary member is L. O. Koven, of L. O.<br />
Koven & Brother, Jersey City. The present officers<br />
are: President, J. G. Kelly, of Pierce, Butler &<br />
Pierce Mfg. Corp., New York City; vice-president,<br />
M. W T einsier, of Saltser & Weinsier, Brooklyn; treasurer.<br />
Henry Schumacher, of McElraevy & Hauck<br />
Co., Brooklyn; secretary, Frank S. Hanley, 261<br />
Broadway, New York City. The executive committee<br />
includes the officers and M. Behrer, of Behrer &<br />
Co., New York; F. H. Boardman, of J. D. Johnson<br />
Co., Brooklyn; C. V. Driggs, of C. V. Driggs, Inc.,<br />
New York; H. D. Gasner, of Simon Gasner & Sons<br />
Co., Brooklvn; H. Greenberg, of Louis Greenberg,<br />
New York;C, O. Ketcham, of The F. N. Dubois Co.,<br />
Inc., New York; E. A. London, of United <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Supply Co., New York, and Robert Smolka, of Sam<br />
S. Glauber, Inc., New York.<br />
At a meeting some time since President Kelly appointed<br />
Harry L. Cohen chairman of the outing committee<br />
with power to increase the size as required.<br />
Mr. Cohen is one of those happy mortals who though<br />
born without the use of his legs, has nevertheless the<br />
spirit, the courage and the intelligence to serve a most<br />
useful purpose, and yet he traveled about considerably<br />
on Cohen legs as Julius Cohen, one of the members<br />
of his committee, took him on his back and carried<br />
him to different points of the outing where the<br />
chairman should naturally be. Saul Rendelstein was<br />
treasurer of the committee and other members were<br />
Henry Gassner, E. Smolka, J. H. Willis and Frank<br />
S. Hanley. The last notice for the outing was to the<br />
effect that the party would congregate at the J. D.<br />
Johnson's plant at the end of the Queensboro Bridge,<br />
in Long Island City, where automobiles would take<br />
the party to Karatsonyi's Hotel, Glenwood-on-the-<br />
Sound.<br />
About 10 o'clock, in spite of unhappy weather conditions,<br />
the party started and before the day was<br />
over there was plenty of sunshine in the air as well<br />
as in the countenances of those who participated.<br />
There was a big turnout with plenty of automobiles<br />
to take the entire party. On the arrival the breakfast<br />
coupons were torn off from the ticket and after<br />
doing full justice to some splendidly served and prepared<br />
eels and fine beefsteak the party was ready for<br />
the baseball games and the athletic sports. President<br />
John G. Kelly acted as umpire in a game between the<br />
manufacturers and the jobbers, which finally resulted<br />
in a win for the manufacturers with a score of 12 to 7.<br />
It was a tie until the last inning, when Henry W.<br />
Letcher was sent in to bat with three men on the<br />
bases and a home run in the right field cleared the<br />
bases and added to the score and still another run<br />
was made which made the final score 12 to 7. Strange<br />
to say. nobody was dissatisfied. Mr. Letcher was<br />
given hearty applause.
AUGUST 13, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
At the close of the ball game Julius Cohen, aided<br />
by Saul Rendelstein and Henry Gassner, took care<br />
of the athletic sports and Arthur Berger, of Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
P. Jacobs, showed considerable speed for a fat man<br />
and was awarded a safety razor for his velocity in<br />
locomotion. Charles Shannon won the 100-yd. dash<br />
with something to spare and was awarded a pipe.<br />
The shot-put showed that Ge<strong>org</strong>e Potter had had<br />
considerable experience and practice as he almost<br />
doubled the distance by the otlier amateurs and as<br />
result was given an ash tray. The baseball team and<br />
Henry W. Letcher were all given fountain pens for<br />
winning their game. Then the party went back to<br />
Karatsonyi's and sat down to clams, chicken and<br />
everything that makes up a first-class shore dinner,<br />
and there was plenty of sociability and good spirit.<br />
No man expressed a wish for anything that was not<br />
served promptly by some one of his fellow members<br />
and at the close of the dinner Frank Hanley asked<br />
for some quietness and got a merry ha-ha! Yet when<br />
he said that Harry L. Cohen wanted to award the<br />
prizes, immediately the good-will and the respect for<br />
Mr. Cohen was manifested in quietness and afforded<br />
him the opportunity to award the prizes.<br />
This closed the festivities, although some mention<br />
should be made of the fact that some splendid prizes<br />
were secured by those who indulged in African golf<br />
and there was another great American game which<br />
left some lighter and some heavier in the pocket, so<br />
that the day was well spent by everybody and the<br />
parting was made with good feeling all around.<br />
Milwaukee Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors<br />
President O. A. Hoffman was in the chair at the<br />
regular August meeting of the Master Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
Contractors' Association of Milwaukee, Wis., and announced<br />
the election of Eugene Stachowiak, Charles<br />
Mueller and Kehm & Burbach as new members. The<br />
members were informed that John Bogenberger, chairman<br />
of the Trade Development Committee, was desirous<br />
of having reports to that committee, including the<br />
drawings and specifications, in his hands in November.<br />
It was also ordered that the secretary call attention<br />
in the notice of the next meeting to the advertising<br />
being done in the Sentinel's Trade Review. On motion<br />
of John Bogenberger, seconded by E. B. Tonnsen,<br />
the committee was authorized to investigate the advisability<br />
of insuring with the Hardware Mutual Association.<br />
The committee appointed for the work was<br />
Paul L. Biersaeh, chairman, and Edward Hoffman.<br />
The picnic committee reported that everything was<br />
ready for the annual outing at Mequon on Aug. 11.<br />
Trenton <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Outing August 17<br />
Announcement is made by the outing committee of<br />
the Trenton Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association, consisting<br />
of W. S. Dignan, Daniel Sisti and Herman Westphal,<br />
that the annual outing will be held in Springdale Park<br />
on Tuesday, Aug. 17, and that the dinner will be<br />
served at 1:00 P. M. daylight saving time and the<br />
purpose of the committee is to have every one amply<br />
provided for. It is the intention to have everybody<br />
on the grounds as early as possible so as to make it a<br />
219<br />
real day of pleasure with no shop talk allowed. At<br />
3 :00 o'clock there will be a baseball match between the<br />
salesmen and the master plumbers. There is the further<br />
statement: "If you can break blue rocks, bring<br />
your gun along." This i.s the character of a sporting<br />
event whicli has not had the attention at outings that<br />
might well be given it. Those who arrive in Trenton<br />
are advised to take the Yardville trolley at State and<br />
Broad Streets and to be at the grounds on time The<br />
tickets are $5 each and can be secured on payment<br />
from W. S. Dignan, 256 Spring Street. Trenton,<br />
N. J.<br />
S<br />
Activities for Maryland <strong>Plumber</strong>s and Friends<br />
"On our way down the bay, don't f<strong>org</strong>et the outing<br />
day, Tuesday, Aug. 17," is the way the invitation is<br />
being sent to the members of the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Association of the State of Marvland.<br />
THIS will be the day of all days". It's the annual outing<br />
of the Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s at Altoona Beach,<br />
Stony Creek.<br />
This is the outing vou voted for, to be given to all members<br />
of our association complimentary—absolutely free of<br />
cost to you.<br />
SPECIAL—Bring your wives, sweethearts and friends. Let<br />
them enjoy this pleasure with you beeause Plumbei-dom<br />
always does things right. Just recall the good time we<br />
had at our last outing. This is going to be better than the<br />
last one.<br />
This will cost your family and friends one dollar and<br />
twenty-five cents per capita.<br />
FUN FOR ALL BY OUR PEP COMMITTEE—Our "jazz band"<br />
will be tnere in all its glory. Dancing on boat and grounds.<br />
Special entertainment feature for ladies will exceed that<br />
of last year. Come and be a prize winner.<br />
Men, we like to see you race and do other stunts for<br />
that box of cigars.<br />
ALL IN ALL IT'S GOING TO BE SOME DAY—Buffet<br />
luncheon.<br />
Let's go—The way to go is on the steamer leaving the<br />
Stonv Creek <strong>Steam</strong>boat Co. wharf on the west side of the<br />
Recreation Pier, foot of Broadway, Baltimore, Md., at 2<br />
p. m., returning, leave Altoona Beach at 8:30 p. m. Tickets<br />
can be had from the chairman of the outing committee.<br />
Get them at once at his place of business or at our next<br />
regular meeting on Aug. 12. This is very important, we<br />
can't make a success unless you act promptly.<br />
Hip Hip Hurray—Root for the success of this occasion.<br />
Peanuts in abundance.<br />
Arrangements have been made for the care and parking<br />
of autos.<br />
SUPPORT YOUR COMMITTEE.<br />
Yours for success,<br />
WM. F. MYERS, Chairman,<br />
'Phone Madison 7299. 238 Wilson Street.<br />
ALLEN W. BEAM, THEO. BUNNECKE, SAM E. HOUCK. CHAS.<br />
Unfilled T. KING, L. Tonnage B. MARSHALL, of Sheet WM. F. Producers<br />
MYLANDER.<br />
AUG. V. EIDMAN.<br />
Independent sheet producers identified with the<br />
National Association of Sheet and Tin Plate Manufacturers<br />
are booked ahead for the rest of the year, it<br />
was stated at the monthly meeting in Youngstown.<br />
Ao-gregate unfilled tonnage on books of affiliated makersis<br />
in excess of 800,000 tons, wliich compares with<br />
a monthly production capacity of 150,000 tons. Unshipped<br />
output is about 100,000 tons. Production is<br />
averaging 70 per cent. Walter W. Lower, of Pittsburgh,<br />
secretary-treasurer, was in charge of the convention<br />
in the absence of President W. S. Horner.
220 METALWORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUCUST 13. 1920<br />
THE GLOBE METAL PRODUCTS CORPORATION, Sheboy<br />
CURRENT NOTES of<br />
gan, Wis., has increased its capital stock from<br />
$200,000 to $300,000 to finance extensions now being<br />
completed and accommodate its increasing<br />
ALL THE TRADES<br />
business.<br />
THE EDWARDS MFG. Co., Third and Eggleston Avenues,<br />
Cincinnati, metal products for building construction,<br />
is having plans prepared for a four-story<br />
PERSONAL NOTES<br />
building. 95 x 305 ft.<br />
THE CANADIAN INCINERATOR & FURNACE CO., LTD.,<br />
E. F. HAYDEN, who travels through Maine in the inToronto.<br />
Ont.. has been awarded the contract for<br />
terest of the plumbing and heating supply lines car an oil-burning plate furnace to be erected in the<br />
ried by the Smith & Abbott Co.. Portland, Me., an boiler shop of the E. Leonard & Sons. Ltd.. Lonnounces<br />
that he finds it impossible this year to atdon, Ont. The conipany is adding up-to-date equiptend<br />
the annual field day of the Maine Master ment to its plant for stamping boiler heads, etc.<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association, which will occur on Aug. 16.<br />
The question naturally arises: How can it be successful,<br />
and the answer is that the Maine Sales New England Foundries Short of Coke<br />
men's Association will exert themselves to prevent<br />
In former years some of the largest foundries in<br />
any shortage of good spirit and an effort to develop<br />
New England always carried large coke reserve stocks.<br />
more real enjoyment with so popular a member of<br />
To-day there is no such thing. A great majority of<br />
the force awav. Mr. Ha3'den says business con<br />
the foundries have not more than one month's supply<br />
tinues good but the conditions under which it is<br />
on hand, and in some instances not more than a week's.<br />
handled are distressing, alike to the man who takes<br />
The latter are simply struggling along on the edge<br />
the order and the man who gives it. It is also clear<br />
of an enforced shutdown. The situation is not spotty,<br />
that he is one of the America First men in his ob<br />
but general throughout New England.<br />
servations in reference to the coming election.<br />
Present indications are the coke supply situation<br />
H. A. ERKKSON has engaged with the American Heat<br />
will continue strained for several months. The New<br />
ing Supply Co.. Rockford. 111., and is in cliarge of<br />
England Coal & Coke Co., during and since the war,<br />
the construction department which, he writes, has<br />
has supplied the bulk of foundry coke consumed. To<br />
all the work it can handle.<br />
day it is operating but 260 of its -t00 ovens and pro<br />
S. GREENBAUM, president of the Ideal Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
ducing not more than 1,400 tons average per day. Of<br />
Works, 217 North M<strong>org</strong>an Street. Chicago, 111.,<br />
this 1,400 tons, between 500 and 600 tons are shipped<br />
took an auto trip in Michigan last week, combin<br />
to foundries, the rest being consigned to public utiliing<br />
business with pleasure.<br />
ties that must be kept operating notwithstanding the<br />
D. HANDELAN, who conducts a combination shop in<br />
Aberdeen, S. D., was a visitor to Chicago last<br />
shortage of bituminous.<br />
The New England Coal & Coke Co. could operate<br />
week in the interest of a new warm-air furnace<br />
more ovens provided it could secure coking coals. Re<br />
system that he has designed and patented.<br />
cently it paid $20.90 per ton for coal alongside Ever<br />
E. H. TEMPLETON, of Buck Stove & Range Co.. St.<br />
ett, Mass., as compared with $20.90 per ton, its de<br />
Louis, Mo., has been enjoying a short vacation at<br />
Troutsville, Colo., in connection with a Western<br />
livered price on foundry coke where the freight does<br />
business trip.<br />
not exceed $2.40 per ton. With bituminous selling at<br />
$17 to $18 per ton f. o. b. Hampton Roads, which<br />
SHEET METAL AND FURNACE IN means $21 to $22 alongside Boston, it does not look<br />
as though coke will be more plentiful and cheaper in<br />
DUSTRY<br />
the near future.<br />
THE ROHN FURNACE WORKS, INC., Portland, has The Providence Gas Co. is having its difficulties in<br />
been incorporated for $10,000 by C. A. Rohn, W. securing coking coals even at going market prices and<br />
D. Richards and others. It will manufacture fur recently was obliged to cut its production 40 per cent.<br />
naces and machinery.<br />
Some Connellsville coke is selling to and finding its<br />
way into New England, but general transportation<br />
conditions are such that the uncertainties attending<br />
the purchase of such coke are so great as to discourage<br />
any pronounced buving movement.<br />
THE FORT PAYNE STOVE & FOUNDRY CO., Fort Pavne,<br />
Ala., is planning to immediately rebuild its plant,<br />
recently destroyed by fire.<br />
THE M. & S. RADIATOR CO.. Albany. N. Y., has been<br />
<strong>org</strong>anized by (J. E. and A. N. Sperry to manufacture<br />
radiators for automobiles and other sheet metal<br />
products.<br />
THE PLANT AND BUSINESS of the Maryland Pressed<br />
Steel Co., Hagerstown, Md.. a subsidiary of the<br />
Poole Engineering & Machine Co., Woodberry, Baltimore,<br />
has been acquired by new interests. The<br />
purchasers will continue operations as heretofore,<br />
specializing in the manufacture of pressed steel<br />
parts. A new department will be added for the<br />
manufacture of electrical machinery and parts.<br />
New Classification Lists Available<br />
The National Association of Waste Material Dealers,<br />
with office in the Times Building, New York City,<br />
has prepared two classifications covering old metals<br />
and scrap rubber, which can be secured by addressing<br />
the secretary, Charles M. Haskins. Tliose who deal<br />
in old metals and old rubber and other material may<br />
be interested as these classifications are expected to<br />
be effective until July 1. 1921.
AUGUST 13, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 221<br />
Furnace Makers'<br />
Proceedings Issued<br />
The bound volume of the proceedings of the seventh<br />
annual convention of the National Warm-Air<br />
Heating and Ventilating Association, held in Cleveland<br />
April 21, has been sent to the members by Secretary<br />
Allen W. Williams. It gives a list of those<br />
who were in attendance and also a list of trade names<br />
on furnaces and asks for additional names and corrections.<br />
It contains interesting matter brought to<br />
attention by President W. G. Wise, communications<br />
which include an editorial from METAL WORKER,<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER, the report of the secretary<br />
and the executive committee with its budget<br />
of expense. Then follow the addresses made by<br />
Professor A. C. Kratz and V. S. Day. who conducted<br />
the research work at the Engineering Experimental<br />
Station of the L'niversity of Illinois, Urbana, 111., and<br />
this part of the book contains much valuable information.<br />
There are also papers on "Keresone as a Fuel<br />
for Home Heating'' by A. B. Frenier of the <strong>Steam</strong><br />
Corporation of Chicago; on "The General Proposition<br />
of Credits" by B. G. Watson, the association<br />
counsel; "The Commercial Side of Our Industry"<br />
by Edward Norris of the Utica Heater Co., and matters<br />
on testing the pipeless furnace by Professor<br />
Willard. Other papers are "The Industrial Side of<br />
Our Industry" bv W. D. Cover of Schill Bros. Co.,<br />
Crestline, Ohio, and the presentation and discussion<br />
of the contract with the University of Illinois.<br />
Probable Increased Cost of Iron and Steel<br />
No verv clear line vet is to be had on the probable<br />
increase in costs which is entailed in the new railroad<br />
freight rates which become effective probably on September<br />
1. Some of the independent steel companies<br />
figure that the new tariffs will mean increases in the<br />
cost of producing steel of $2 to $5 per ton, but such<br />
estimates are based upon the rather incomplete data<br />
that as yet are available. When the actual rates are<br />
made up, it may prove tbat such estimates, particularly<br />
of $5 per "ton. are too high, for attention is being'drawn<br />
to the fact that the increases do not weigh<br />
heavily upon ore or coal. The freight rate on ore<br />
from the mines to the upper lake docks is not to be<br />
changed and coal freight rates are not given a straight<br />
percentage boost, but are to be increased in groups<br />
though the increase may be sufficient to yield the same<br />
aggregate increase in revenue that would accrue to a<br />
flat percentage increase applicable to all fields.<br />
Figuring on the 40 per cent increase granted the<br />
railroads in the Eastern group, it is calculated that<br />
Valley pipe-iron producers are confronted with an<br />
increase in costs of about $1.50 per ton, varying with<br />
the age and average producing costs of the different<br />
stacks. Good practice in a modern furnace making<br />
basic iron would entail the use of 1.8 tons of ore,<br />
about 1 ton of coke and about 1,400 lb. of limestone.<br />
A 40 per cent increase on the present rates for these<br />
quantities would add 58 cents to the cost of the ore<br />
required, 72 cents in the cost of getting a ton of coke<br />
to the Valley furnaces and 24 cents to the charge for<br />
transporting the limestone. This makes a total of<br />
$1.54 and applies only to basic iron, where costs are<br />
lowest. On Bessemer and foundry grades the costs<br />
would be higher because of the greater amount of fuel<br />
required in making these grades.<br />
In view of the fact that most steel company blast<br />
furnaces are fairly modern and capable of low costs<br />
through good practice, it would seem as if $1.50 amply<br />
would cover the increase in freight costs, and with<br />
allowance for losses in the conversion of the iron into<br />
steel that an advance in the latter cost of $5 per ton<br />
is somewhat larger than necessary to cover the increased<br />
rates.<br />
It may be stated that some of the independent<br />
companies already are figuring the increased freight<br />
rates in their quotations, but the course of the United<br />
States Steel Corporation in the matter is not clear,<br />
although the impression is gained that it will continue<br />
to quote the March 21, 1919. prices and absorb the<br />
rise in the cost of production.<br />
Excelsior Salesmen Meet<br />
An important conference of salesmen of the Excelsior<br />
Steel Furnace Co. was held in Chicago last<br />
week for the purpose of considering ways and means<br />
of marketing the Excelsior monopipe pedestal<br />
register.<br />
This heating device has been sold in large numbers<br />
during the past two years in connection with Excelsior<br />
furnaces, but will, in future, be furnished separately<br />
and as soon as a sufficient number can be<br />
accumulated a campaign of publicity will be launched<br />
whicli will bring the attention of dealers and the<br />
public to the merits claimed for it by tbe makers.<br />
It is asserted that due to the almost complete ab<br />
sence of friction the circulation obtained with this<br />
register is so rapid that great economy in the consumption<br />
of fuel is secured.<br />
The warm air is discharged at a point 12 in. above<br />
the floor and tliere is no conflict between the warm<br />
and return air currents.<br />
The apparatus is not only a heating device but an<br />
artistic piece of furniture which will ornament any<br />
room. It is made wholly of metal.<br />
Those participating in the conference, which lasted<br />
three days, were C, L. Pontius, A. Kuntz; S. E. Colby,<br />
F E. Woollev, C. L. Burch, Joseph Goldberg, \. . K<br />
Lawson, Leonard Snowden. J. P. Brooks. R. W.<br />
Menk. F. E. Ford, A. G. Scherer, C. E. Glessner and<br />
A. W. Glessner.<br />
Owing to vacations and other matters, several salesmen<br />
of the company were unable to be present, but<br />
will be called together at a later date.<br />
Excelsior representatives who have been oft the<br />
road for some time will resume traveling at once.<br />
Mathematics<br />
Add the good features<br />
Subtract the bad ones<br />
Divide by tbe price<br />
Multiply by tlie demand<br />
Total—Satisfied customers<br />
Increased profits.
METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTEl! AUGUST 13, 1920<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
THE JULV NUMBER of the Monthly Service Bulletin<br />
of the National Trade Extension Bureau is, as<br />
usual, full of suggestions and instructions from<br />
which the plumbing and heating contractor can derive<br />
a profit if he will utilize them. There is something<br />
on bookkeeping, methods of selling, use of<br />
telephone to make sales, samples of advertisements.<br />
and it is accompanied with an article which gives<br />
the experience of a salesman who was in need of a<br />
job that salesmen may read with advantage. It<br />
seems to serve all who are identified with the industry<br />
in any way.<br />
THE SIPHON-VALVE FLUSH CO., Allentown, Pa., has<br />
been <strong>org</strong>anized to manufacture valves, flush tanks<br />
and kindred specialties. It is headed by Charles<br />
L. Lehnert, Catasauqua, and Joseph P. Seeds, Allentown.<br />
THE MILWAUKEE BOILER Co., 220 Oregon Street.<br />
Milwaukee, established 30 years ago, is succeeded<br />
by the Milwaukee Boiler Mfg. Co., capitalized at<br />
$200,000, <strong>org</strong>anized to further develop the industry.<br />
It is negotiating for a site for a new plant,<br />
the present works having been outgrown and not<br />
being capable of adequate enlargement. Construction<br />
work probably will be undertaken before the<br />
end of the year. Officers of the new corporation<br />
are: President and general manager, W. D. Johnson;<br />
vice-president. Otto A. Ehbe; secretary-treasurer.<br />
Walter F. Mueller, all of whom have been<br />
associated with the old concern for many years.<br />
The conipany will continue to specialize in the manufacture<br />
of large boilers, tanks and heavy plate<br />
work.<br />
THE AMERICAN BLOWER CO. has purchased the foundry<br />
of the Lane & Bodley Co. at Tennessee Avenue<br />
and the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad in the Bond<br />
Hill section of Cincinnati. It is stated that it contemplates<br />
the removal of its foundry department<br />
from Detroit to this city. Labor conditions in Detroit<br />
are said to have had a great deal to do with<br />
the decision of the company to locate in Cincinnati.<br />
The property purchased includes 21 acres, with<br />
buildings containing about 90.000 sq. ft. of floor<br />
space. It is the intention to take immediate possession<br />
of the property and by the first of the year<br />
500 men will be employed.<br />
THE VAPOR STOVE Co., Lima. Ohio, is planning for a<br />
one-s'tory plant. 100 x 200 ft., for the nianufacture<br />
of oil-burning equipment. W. DeKalb Holland<br />
Block, is engineer.<br />
FOR THE BENEFIT OF LSERS of Eveready welding and<br />
cutting apparatus who desire special information on<br />
any particular phase of the industry, tlie Oxweld<br />
Acetylene Co., 3610 Jasper Place. Chicago. 111..<br />
announces a series of small printed pamphlets containing<br />
matter excerpted from the Eveready instruction<br />
book and catalog. Among the subjects<br />
readv for distribution are: Directions for Operating<br />
Lead Burning Equipment, 12 pages; for<br />
Welding. 12 pages, and for Cutting. S pages. Each<br />
pamphlet contains a detailed list of parts comprising<br />
the equipment treated.<br />
THE ABRAM Cox STOVE CO., 736-738 West Monroe<br />
Street, Chicago, 111., is issuing a new catalog under<br />
the number 73, which comprehensively illustrates<br />
its line of Novelty warm air pipeless and combination<br />
furnaces, room lieaters, coal and combination<br />
ranges, heating stoves, hot water supply and laundry<br />
boilers, round, side seam sectional and smokeless<br />
steam and hot water boilers, Fortune gas ranges<br />
and gas water heaters. These products form a remarkably<br />
complete line from whicli the dealer can<br />
make his selection, no matter what type of apparatus<br />
is called for. The Novelty cooking and heating<br />
appliances are all made from flex-o-tuf iron,<br />
which is made under an exclusive process developed<br />
by the company's engineers and in which the highest<br />
grades of pig iron are so blended that the castings<br />
possess a remarkable degree of toughness and<br />
flexibility. As the dealer is freely assisted by the<br />
advertising service and engineering department,<br />
these goods present an interesting proposition for<br />
the trade.<br />
THE ESDA MFG. Co., 280 Madison Avenue, New York<br />
City, manufacturers of hot water heaters, gas appliances,<br />
etc., has leased a plant at Garwood, N. J.,<br />
formerly occupied by the Powers & Robinson Co..<br />
for new works.<br />
FROELICH BROTHERS, INC., 147 North Seventh Street.<br />
Philadelphia, manufacturer of pipe, plumbing<br />
equipment, fittings, etc., has awarded contract to<br />
Potts Brothers & Cooperson, 129 North Eleventh<br />
Street, for a one-story building on Tenth Street.<br />
near Erie Avenue, 30 x 113 ft.<br />
THE IDEAL HEAT & DRAFT REGULATOR CO., 419 East<br />
Twenty-second Street. New York City, manufacturer<br />
of heating equipment, has filed notice of dissolution<br />
under its New York charter.<br />
THE LANGE BOILER CO., Elyria, Ohio, has been incorporated<br />
with a capital stock of $100,000 by H.<br />
J. Lange, Lorain; J. A. Lucas, Elyria, and others.<br />
It contemplates the erection of a plant for the<br />
manufacture of steam and hot water boilers.<br />
THE RUXD MANUFACTURING CO., Pittsburgh, manufacturer<br />
of water heaters, has purchased for $20.-<br />
000 two properties in Smallman and Mulberry<br />
Streets, near the company's plant for later use for<br />
manufacturing purpo.ses. The properties are improved<br />
with eight brick buildings.<br />
THE WILLIAM E. WILLIAMS VALVE CORPORATION has<br />
been incorporated with a capital of $100,000 by<br />
William E. Williams of 62 Front Street, New York.<br />
for the purpose of manufacturing valves and other<br />
products of a similar nature.<br />
A COPY OF THE NEW CATALOG of the Andrews Heating<br />
Co., Minneapolis. Minn., illustrating the Andrews<br />
sy.stem of heating, plumbing, water supply<br />
and sewage disposal which includes its vertical and<br />
locomotive types of boilers, thermostats, furnaces,<br />
air pressure water supply equipment, eleanouts,<br />
heating systems, septic tanks, plumbing fixtures<br />
and gas tanks, should be obtained bv everv plumbing<br />
and heating contractor.
AUGUST 13, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
THE DAYTON PUMP & MFG. CO., Dayton, Ohio, will<br />
increase its capitalization from $1,300,000 to $1,-<br />
500,000 to complete several new buildings now under<br />
construction, made necessary by expanding<br />
business.<br />
THE PETROLEUM HEAT & POWER CO., New York, has<br />
been incorporated with a capital of $500,000 by<br />
F. M. Forbes, S. Whitaker and R. Adamson, 511<br />
Fifth Avenue, to manufacture oil-burning appliances.<br />
It has a plant at Stamford, Conn., and will<br />
build a one-story foundry addition at an early date.<br />
THE GROWTH OF THE ECONOMY SCALE REMOVER CO.,<br />
Chicago Heights, 111., has made it necessary to<br />
have larger quarters. To accomplish this, it has<br />
purchased a large fireproof building at Twentythird<br />
Street and C. & E. I. tracks, in that city, and<br />
is having the structure remodelled to suits its requirements.<br />
THE JOSAM MFG. CO., Michigan City, Ind., is bringing<br />
to the attention of the trade using floor drains<br />
and traps in cement floors the fact that in a suit<br />
against an infringer on the patents covering its<br />
trap, it is found that it is entitled to have the<br />
profits and recover them from the infringer and<br />
the infringer is enjoined from further production<br />
of the devices which are an infringement on the<br />
patent owned by the company.<br />
New^Merger in Earthenware Field<br />
On Aug. 2 the American Sanitary Works of Washington,<br />
N. J., and the Bellmark Co., of Trenton, N.<br />
J., merged into one company and will be known in<br />
the future as the B. O. T. Mfg. Co., with office and<br />
showroom at Trenton, N. J.<br />
The Bellmark plant of the B. O. T. Mfg. Co. is a<br />
modern pottery, fully equipped with new devices to<br />
methodically manufacture and handle vitreous china<br />
water-closet outfits. The American Sanitary Works'<br />
plant of the B. O. T. Mfg. Co. is arranged to manufacture<br />
high-grade plumbers' woodwork and brass<br />
fittings for water-closets.<br />
The trade is requested to address all communications<br />
to the Trenton office, where every request will<br />
receive prompt and careful attention, and with new<br />
arrangements for efficiency and service, further patronise<br />
ean be handled to the satisfaction of the customers.<br />
The B. O. T. Mfg. Co. is exclusive manufacturer<br />
of "B. O. T." and staple water-closet outfits, and as<br />
all its efforts are in the interest of water-closet construction,<br />
and its officers and managers all practical,<br />
experienced men, the company believes it can serve<br />
the trade to mutual advantage and profit. The officers<br />
are: B. O. Tilden, president; H. O. Mayo,<br />
vice-president and assistant treasurer, and H. W.<br />
Keen, treasurer.<br />
Eastern Golfers to Play at Yountakah<br />
Through the courtesy of L. H. Rothwell, the members<br />
of the Eastern Trade Golf Association will hold<br />
the second meet of the year on the course of the Yountakah<br />
Golf Club near Nutley, N. J., which can be<br />
readily reached by a trolley from Newark and it is<br />
not far from one of the stations on the Erie Railroad.<br />
Several years ago the association played over this<br />
course under different conditions because there were<br />
some players who had high ball at every hole, which<br />
seems to be an impossible thing under'present conditions.<br />
The men will be followed by caddies in all<br />
probability, but there is doubt that 'there will be a<br />
waiter with the necessary bottle, the siphon and the<br />
ice. However, enthusiasts of the association will find<br />
this no hardship and will be out after the generous<br />
prizes that are up to be played for with all of the<br />
earnestness that has enabled the association to maintain<br />
the leading position among the trade golf associations.<br />
Outlook on Prices in Heating Field<br />
The trade is receiving the following letter from F.<br />
Meyer & Bro. Co., Peoria, 111.:<br />
The railroad workers of the country got .$600,000,000<br />
slipped to them recently—and they are peeved that it<br />
wasn't twice that much.<br />
As this is being written, a lot of people are getting<br />
nervous about next winter's coal and the price it will cost<br />
because the miners don't like the wage awards and are on<br />
strike again for another raise.<br />
The railroads insist that they must have a raise in freight<br />
and passenger rates to cover the six hundred million (gosh,<br />
that's "sum" money!) and the coal operators will magnanimously<br />
allow General Public to dig up the increase the<br />
miners will get. O yes—they'll get it; don't worry about<br />
that!<br />
A wholesale grocer told us the other day that the food<br />
prices for next fall and winter would make to-day's regular<br />
prices look like fire-sale bargains; and automobiles and<br />
gasoline are still going up the price "hills" ''on high." In<br />
fact, most things, including business in general, are "looking<br />
up."<br />
Materials are still hard to get, orders are still hard to<br />
fill, freight cars are still few and far between, and a lot of<br />
factories, including our own, are still working overtime<br />
trying to keep up with orders. (Pardon so many "stills"<br />
in drv weather.)<br />
The above is all a preamble to this: September and cool<br />
weather will soon be here; prices will not come down and<br />
can be expected to advance; you will have to have "Handy"<br />
pipe and other installation materials and the safest assurance<br />
of getting them is to send us your orders just as far<br />
in advance as possible. We are taking all possible care<br />
of all orders, but in self-interest you'd better "play safe."<br />
An Acknowledgment of Value<br />
JOHN J. SCAXNELL<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and Lead Burner<br />
12 Center Street, Franklin, Pa.<br />
July 31, 19-20.<br />
Mr. Frank K. Chew, Editor,<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER,<br />
243 West Thirty-ninth Street,<br />
New York City.<br />
DEAR SIR: , „ , .. .<br />
Enclosed I am sending a check for my subscription to<br />
MET\L WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER and am glad<br />
to add that I always look forward to its coming.<br />
In the last 20 or 25 vears I have been reading it I have<br />
gained a lot of knowledge from it. A.s the result of some<br />
advertising I found in it I took up a course of instruction<br />
hi Gray's School in sheet metai pattern drafting and now<br />
bave nearly completed the course, with a great deal ot<br />
Iexpect to he in Xew York some time soon and intend<br />
to make vou a visit.<br />
Yours very truly,<br />
(Signed) JOHN J. SCANNELL.
224 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER ACCL-ST 13, 1920<br />
The Warm Air Furnace of the Future<br />
The paper by R. W. Menk presented in the issue<br />
of July 30 interested us greatly and prompted me to<br />
write, says a letter from Howard Miller, president<br />
of Frederick Sabin & Co., 239 Broad Street, Philadelphia,<br />
Pa. He sent other matter, suggestive that<br />
one solution for the problem of combustion may be<br />
found in bringing warmed or heated air into contact<br />
with the gases rising from the incandescent fuel.<br />
The company makes what is called the King Koal<br />
Karburetor and gives the results of tests made by<br />
Professor W. A. Sloan of the Experimental Engineering<br />
Department of the University of Pennsylvania,<br />
wliich showed that during a test of 9 hr. a<br />
saving of I 2-3 lb. of coal per hr. was effected by<br />
the use of the King Koal Karburetor in the accomplishment<br />
of the same amount of work and also a<br />
reduction in the amount of carbon monoxide found<br />
in the flue gas. With coal both scarce and very much<br />
higher in price than in former times, more interest is<br />
being shown, by the men who sell heating apparatus<br />
and their customers, in the consumption of fuel in a<br />
way that will effect a saving.<br />
Steel to be Shipped in American Bottoms<br />
Export shipments of iron and steel products are<br />
likely to be sent more freely abroad in American<br />
vessels as the result of a provision in the new merchant<br />
marine act specifying that export railroad rates<br />
to ports whieh are lower than domestic rates do not<br />
apply on shipments transported in foreign bottoms.<br />
The act defines foreign bottoms as vessels in which<br />
less than 50 per cent of the ownership is held by<br />
citizens of the L'nited States.<br />
Announcement of the changes made in the export<br />
situation by the provisions of the act was made by H.<br />
D. Rhodehouse, manager of the traffic bureau of the<br />
Youngstown Chamber of Commerce, Youngstown, O.,<br />
who said that only Pacific coast ports are affected at<br />
present by the rate clause. The war resulted in<br />
changes of rates to Atlantic ports wliich made domestic<br />
and export rates uniform, but export business is<br />
still given preferential rates to Pacific ports.<br />
Although preferential rates for export prevailed to<br />
Atlantic ports previous to the war the railroads have<br />
made no effort to re-establish them since the signing<br />
of the armistice.<br />
Salesmen Convene<br />
The Western salesmen of Rathbone-Sard & Co.,<br />
makers of "Acorn" stoves and ranges, met in Aurora,<br />
111., Aug. _ to 6, preparatory to going back on the<br />
road. The conferences were presided over by John<br />
D. Green, vice-president and general manager, and<br />
valuable ideas were brought out by the manufacturing<br />
side to aid the sales force in their coming work, the<br />
salesmen reported what they had found in their calls<br />
on the trade. The cooking results of a demonstration<br />
of a range were consumed by those present, which<br />
proved the "Acorn's" ability to make satisfying and<br />
tasty dishes.<br />
OBITUARY<br />
Death of Frank C. Jennings<br />
In the death of Frank C. Jennings at the home of<br />
his brother, Henry Jennings, Bloomfield, N. J., there<br />
passed away the last relative of the founders actively<br />
participating in the management of the old tin plate<br />
and metal house established in New York over a century<br />
ago by Bruce & Cook. Mr. Jennings was stricken<br />
by apoplexy last November and was confined to the<br />
liouse until his death on Friday, Aug. 6. Like his<br />
brothers, Spencer and Philander R. Jennings, who at<br />
one time managed the business, he had passed his 60th<br />
year but a short time. He was the younger of the<br />
tliree brothers who, after<br />
completing their education,<br />
entered the employ<br />
of the firm and later became<br />
members of it. The<br />
early activities of Frank<br />
C. Jennings were in the<br />
accounting department<br />
and naturallv his later<br />
activities were largely in<br />
the financial management.<br />
The house was one<br />
of the largest importers<br />
of tin plate and pig tin,<br />
previous to the establishment<br />
of the American tin<br />
plate industry, its headquarters<br />
being at 190<br />
Water Street, where John<br />
M. Bruce first started the<br />
FRANK C. JENNINGS<br />
business. He was well<br />
known among the manufacturers and distributors of<br />
tin plate, sheet.s, metals and supplies.<br />
A man of genial, kindly disposition and well qualified<br />
for his responsible duties, he continued the custom<br />
of the house of taking care of the interests of the<br />
smaller trade and particularlv during the exacting<br />
conditions caused by the recent war. There are many<br />
successful tradesmen who got their start with the<br />
credit given by Bruce & Cook, some of whom have<br />
traded with the house more tban a half century. A<br />
mail's character was held as sound a basis for. credit<br />
as his possessions and it is this side of the firm that<br />
many hold in highest esteem.<br />
He gave his active support to church work and was<br />
a Presbyterian. He was an enthusiastic golfer and a<br />
winner of many cups. He was a charter member of<br />
the Eastern Trade Golf Association and took an active<br />
interest in its activities. He belonged to several<br />
clubs and advocated friendly relations in the trade.<br />
The funeral was private. Mrs. Jennings and his<br />
brother, Henry Jennings, survive him.<br />
Death Edwin A. Eichel<br />
Edwin A. Eichel, a member of the firm of Eichel &<br />
Co., sales agents for plumbing goods in Richmond,<br />
Va., died on July 31. Mr. Eichel had been associated<br />
with his brother. Mann C. Eichel, and made<br />
specialties of the output of the National Pipe &<br />
Foundry Co.. The Grabler Mfg. Co., Mark Mfg.<br />
Co. and M. S. Little Mfg. Co. He was well known<br />
in the trade as a genial, whole-souled man and his<br />
death will be learned of with sorrow by many friends.
AUGUST 13. 1.20<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Wakeman B. Henion Dead<br />
Wakeman B. Henion. president and founder of<br />
Henion & Hubbell, Chicago, died at his home, 1839<br />
Kenwood Avenue, on Aug. 3, aged 77. He was born<br />
in Seneca Falls, N. Y., and had spent his entire business<br />
life in the pump industry. For 15 years he was.<br />
identified with the Goulds Manufacturing Co. and<br />
later with the Silver & Deming Mfg. Co., Salem, Ohio.<br />
for about 10 years. In 1887, when this <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
broke up, he <strong>org</strong>anized the Henion & Hubbell Co.,<br />
which was incorporated in 1901. He was the first and<br />
only president of the company, which is a charter<br />
member of the Central Supply Association and the<br />
National Pipe and Supplies Association. Mr. Henion<br />
was a veteran of the Civil W r ar, a life member of the<br />
Union League Club, Chicago, a charter member of the<br />
Flossmoor Country Club and a member of the Kenwood<br />
Club.<br />
Funeral services were conducted at his late residence<br />
Aug. -1 and interment was at Seneca Falls, N. Y.<br />
Death of Isham Randolph<br />
Isham Randolph, widelv known in Chicago engineering<br />
circles, died on Aug. 2 at his home at the<br />
age of 72 years. While chief engineer of the sanitary<br />
district of Chicago, he directed the building of the<br />
drainage canal. He served in this capacity from<br />
1893 to 1907, and has been identified since with many<br />
national and civic engineering projects. Another of<br />
his important works was the Obelisk Dam above the<br />
225<br />
Horse Shoe Falls at Niagara, which revolutionized<br />
dam construction in this country.<br />
Funeral services were held at St. Paul's Episcopal<br />
Church. Fiftieth Street and Dorchester Avenue,<br />
Aug. 1, and interment was at Old Chapel, Virginia,<br />
Mr. Randolph's boyhood home. He is survived by his<br />
widow and a son. Robert I. Randolph<br />
Courage<br />
Where is your record of yesterday ?<br />
Is it near the top, or low?<br />
Well, what does it matter anyway.<br />
If you've watched the score and know?<br />
The biggest men in the world today<br />
Began—and some jobs were mean—<br />
But they won because they were willing to<br />
The game out fair and clean.<br />
They cared not a whit that the odds were long<br />
For their faith in themselves was fine;<br />
They faced the mark with a courage strong<br />
And headed straight for the line.<br />
It's playing the big game right that pays,<br />
It's not what you win, but how.<br />
So f<strong>org</strong>et to regard the wasted days.<br />
Start right on a new one NOW.<br />
—JANE BATES, in Forbes Magazine (N. Y.)<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Summary<br />
the now discountenanced report by the church folks.<br />
Pipe, tin plate and sheets are still awaiting shipment.<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets—Supply picking up on demand.<br />
The advance in stove and furnace prices seems certain<br />
Tin Plate—Demand exceeds receipts.<br />
to come, though no amount or date has been set.<br />
Tin—Stagnant.<br />
It is common for buyers to visit the market to see<br />
Copper—Inactive and unchanged.<br />
if needed goods can be procured and not to get quota<br />
Lead—Quiet and prices strong.<br />
tions as formerly. The man xcho has stock is regarded<br />
Zinc—No new inquiries. Prices firmer.<br />
as fortunate and shipments are taken in without ob<br />
Antimony—Dull.<br />
jection. Yet there is no attempt to charge more than<br />
Foundry Coke—Spot demand decreased. Continued pro-<br />
the safe and customary percentage of profit by any<br />
rluci' < • c. .in . i imrovement.<br />
Linseed Oil—Quiet and prices irregular.<br />
of the factors in the trade.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Lighter demand.<br />
Goods Scarce antl Distribution Execrable<br />
Foundry Pig Iron<br />
New York.—A development in the Eastern market was<br />
fllThere is nothing in the present market condithe<br />
advance in the price of Virginia iron by the leading<br />
Jl tions that adds to the pleasure of doing busi<br />
producers there from $17 to $50 base at furnace. Producers<br />
ness. Increased freight rates will be reflected in are all not a unit a.s to thc policy of advancing prices, some of<br />
prices and better railroad service will be much delayed. them taking a conservative view and feeling that it would<br />
In consequence, those who distribute sanitary equip be better if prices did not go higher. So little iron can be<br />
ment are having increased troubles and only through had for this year's delivery that the prices made on tin-<br />
friendly relations and helping one another are custosmall<br />
amounts that are sold are chiefly significant of what<br />
mer's needs supplied after some delay and expense. i.s in store as the basis of 1921 purchases. Some re-sale<br />
iron is still being sold in spite of recent statements that<br />
The prospect that coke prices may soften has not de<br />
most of that which was made in Buffalo furnaces had been<br />
terred blast furnaces from advancing pig Aon prices<br />
taken off the market. There is still some unsatisfied demand<br />
$2. In the steel centers labor conditions are tranquil for this year's iron but very little is offered. Considerable<br />
regardless of new propaganda by the extremists and variation in prices is reported, foundries that have long<br />
bought from particular fi»rnaees being given lower prices
226 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 13, 1920<br />
than buyers who come into the market to piece out their supply.<br />
Some important sellers are not inclined to do business<br />
for next vear owing to the uncertainty as to coke prices.<br />
Sales of foundry coke have been made at $19 to $20 at ovens<br />
and furnace coke is sold at $18 and $19, a basis that wipes<br />
out all ordinary calculations. That such prices can long be<br />
made the basis of contracts for eastings is doubted and yet<br />
relief from the inordinate prices for fuel is not in evidence.<br />
We quote for deliverv in the New York district as follows:<br />
East. Pa., Nn. 1 fdv. sil. 275 to 3.25 $52.80<br />
East. Pa., No. 2X fdv., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 51.05 to 52.05<br />
East Pa.. No. 2 fdv., 1.75 to 2 25 49.80 to 50.80<br />
No. 2, Virginia sil. 1.75 to 2.25 51.40 to 53.40<br />
Chicago- The market is not nearly so active as it was<br />
a week or two ago, yet the demand for prompt and fourthquarter<br />
tonnages of foundry and malleable is of fair proportions.<br />
The Virginia company has advanced its quotation<br />
on foundry to $50 base, furnace, on first quarter shipments,<br />
but thus far has taken no business at that price in this territory.<br />
Several furnaces in the Birmingham district have<br />
withdrawn from the market after taking moderate tonnages<br />
for 1921. Two of the leading producers continue to quote<br />
$12 base. The Red River furnace has withdrawn from tne<br />
market to determine the effect of the rate advance on its<br />
costs.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered at consumers'<br />
yards except those for Northern foundry, and steel-making irons,<br />
which are f. o. b. furnace and do not include a switching charge<br />
averaging 50c per ton.<br />
Northern coke. No. 1, 2.25 to 2.75 last half $48.25<br />
Northern coke, No. 1 spot 48.25<br />
Northern coke foundry, No. 2 sil. 1.75 to 2.25 last half 46.00<br />
Northern coke, No. 2, spot 46.00<br />
Southern coke No. 1 foundry and No. 1 soft, sil. 2.75<br />
to 3.25 50.20<br />
Southern coke No. 2 foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 48.70<br />
Southern foundry sil. 1.75 to 2.25 ! 47.00<br />
Philadelphia.—Pronounced scarcity of all grades of pig<br />
iron, with a continuing upward trend of prices, characterizes<br />
the market. Many of the eastern Pennsylvania furnaces<br />
are out of the market for the remainder of this year,<br />
and such as have any iron to sell are asking prices above<br />
those quoted a week or so ago. Unless there should be a<br />
marked contraction in manufacturing operations which require<br />
foundry iron, all indications point to an acute scarcity<br />
of this grade during the fall and winter. The scarcity of<br />
basic pig iron is almost as acute.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered in consumers'<br />
vards in Philadelphia or vicnity:<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil $48.90 to $50.10<br />
East. Pa.. No. 2X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 50.90 to 51.35<br />
Virginia No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2 75 sil 54.10<br />
Virginia No. 2 X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 55.35<br />
Cincinnati.—The buving movement of the past two<br />
weeks has petered out and this market has resumed a very<br />
quiet aspect. Car supply in southern Ohio and the South<br />
shows some betterment and the movement of iron from<br />
furnaces is reported to be somewhat freer.<br />
Based on freight rates of $3 60 from Birmingham and $1.80 from<br />
Ironton, quote f. o. b. Cincinnati:<br />
Southern coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (base price) $45.60<br />
Southern coke, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 (No. 2 soft) 46.85<br />
Southern Ohio coke, sil. $1.75 to 2.25 (No. 2) 46.80<br />
Cleveland.—The sales of the past week have been of<br />
small volume, and the conservative selling agencies of<br />
Cleveland are not disposed to advance prices rapidly on<br />
either steel making or foundrv grades. Some furnaces report<br />
decided improvement in the railroad situation, while<br />
others say it is as bad as ever. At Detroit, a large part<br />
of the tonnage is being handled by trucks.<br />
We quote delivered Cleveland as follows, based on 40c switching<br />
charge for local iron, a $1.40 freight rate from Valley points, and<br />
$5 from Birmingham:<br />
Northern, No. 2 fdv. sil. 1.75 to 2.25 $45.40 to $46.40<br />
Southern foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 48.70<br />
Ohio silvery, sil. 8 per cent 60.40<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap Iron, New York.—Prices on several items have<br />
advanced. There is a little better inquiry from rolling mills<br />
for pipe and turnings. The demand for cast scrap is much<br />
better because of the scarcity of pig iron. Brokers who<br />
contracted to deliver scrap in' the future at a certain price<br />
will be injured by the increase in freight rates which the<br />
consumers will not absorb on their present contracts. To<br />
compensate, these brokers will more carefully shop around<br />
amvng dealers to secure the scrap at the lowest price<br />
possible.<br />
Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are quoting to<br />
local foundries per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $40.00 to $42.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building materials,<br />
etc.) cupola size 39.00 to 40.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size 32.00 to 33.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc.) 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. in diam., not under<br />
2 ft. long) 19.00 to 19.50<br />
Stove plate '. 27.00 to 28.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago.— Owing to operating difficulties<br />
induced by uncertain car supply and the coal situation,<br />
may consumers have lost interest. As a result, the market<br />
i.s noticeably dull and prices have undergone few changes.<br />
This may be due in part to the expectation on the part of<br />
some buyers that large railroad offerings will be made<br />
following the expiration of the Government guarantee of<br />
earnings on Sept. 1. Dealers are much concerned over tne<br />
effect of the advance in freight rates on undelivered contracts.<br />
It is their opinion that inasmuch as most buyers<br />
and the mills in particular will be able to pass on the advance,<br />
they should bear the increase in the delivered price<br />
of scrap rather than the dealers. It is felt that the proper<br />
course of the consumers is especially clear where they have<br />
lield up shipments on contracts. Unless buyers assume<br />
the advance, dealers state that their profits will be more<br />
than wiped out.<br />
We quote delivery in consumers' yards, Chicago and vicinity,<br />
all freight and transfer charges paid, as follows:<br />
Per Net Ton<br />
No. 1 cast $36.00 to $37.00<br />
Boiler punchings 27.50 to 28.00<br />
Locomotive tires, smooth 24.00 to 24.50<br />
Machine shop turnings 9.50 to 10.00<br />
Cast borings 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Stove plate 28.50 to 29.00<br />
Grate bars 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Brake shoes 26 50 to 27.00<br />
Railroad malleable 28.50 to 29.00<br />
Agricultural malleable 2S.00 to 2S.50<br />
Country mixed 17.00 to 18.00c<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburgh.—rhe tendency of scrap iron<br />
and steel prices in this market still is upward, due to the<br />
fact that melters still are anxious to secure supplies, while<br />
dealers, on account of the transportation situation and the<br />
prospective increase of freight rates, are not inclined to sell<br />
except at well above the prices which they recently would<br />
have accepted. Shipment of scrap over the Pennsylvania<br />
Railroad is by permit, while the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad<br />
is not only declining to place cars for scrap originating on<br />
its own lines, but is refusing shipments from connecting<br />
railroads. One Pittsburgh district steel company is insisting<br />
upon a strict observance by dealers of its specifications,<br />
and as a result has rejected about 250 cars of material in<br />
the past three or four weeks, most of which are lying on<br />
the tracks in the plant of this company. Some dealers are<br />
attempting to have their contracts adjusted in price with the<br />
idea of covering the higher freight rates, but this is meeting<br />
with strong opposition on the part of melters, who claim<br />
that they are not at fault beeause the dealers have failed to<br />
make deliveries within specified time.<br />
We quote for delivery to consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh and<br />
other districts that take Pittsburgh freight rates as follows:<br />
Cast iron wheels $42.00 to $43.00<br />
Rolled steel wheels 30.00 to 31.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 15.50 to 16.00<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 30.00 to 30.50<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 21.50 to 22.00<br />
Short shoveling turnings 19.50 to 20 00<br />
Heavy breakable cast 35.50 to 36.00<br />
Stove plate 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Cast iron boring= 19.50 to 20.50<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 32.00 to 33.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Xew York.— The market Is still unsettled,<br />
and business is slow. Dealers' buying prices are as follows!<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible $15.75<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 14.75<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 13 00<br />
Brass, heavy 10.00<br />
Rrass light 750<br />
Heavy machine composition 15 ,s
AUGUST I_, iy_u METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FI T T E R 227<br />
This Crew Is Inefficient<br />
It averages the same as<br />
that above, but the little<br />
fellow cannot finish the<br />
big man's job.<br />
This Crew Is 100 c 'o Efficient<br />
The men are of uniform<br />
strength. Any one of<br />
them can finish a job<br />
begun by any other.<br />
These Two Crews Show<br />
the Importance of Linde Uniformity<br />
Any one of the millions of cylinders filled with Linde Oxygen<br />
must be interchangeable with any other produced by Linde.<br />
For uniformity of oxygen is just as important to welders and<br />
cutters as is a high standard of quality.<br />
Expert chemists are constantly at work in Linde laboratories<br />
to prevent the slightest deviation from the extreme high purity<br />
of Linde Oxygen.<br />
Seventy-one Linde Distributing Stations make it possible to<br />
promptly supply welders and cutters everywhere with Linde<br />
Oxygen.<br />
THE LINDE AIR PRODUCTS CO.<br />
30 East 42nd Street, New York<br />
Kohl Building, San Francisco<br />
The Largest Producers of Oxygen in the World<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STUM FITTER "hen writing to advertisers<br />
L-511
228 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUCI-ST 13. 1920<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 9.50<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turnings 12.25<br />
Lead, heavy 7.50<br />
Lead tea • 5.00<br />
Zinc 5.25<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.— Market is inactive and prices<br />
hold. Dealers' buying prices for less than carload lots are:<br />
Red brass 15.50<br />
Vellow brass, heavy 9.00<br />
Vellow brass, borings 10.(X)<br />
Heavy wire 15.50<br />
Heavy copper 15.50<br />
Copper clips 13.50<br />
Copper bottoms 11.50<br />
Lead pipe 6.25<br />
Tea lead 3.00<br />
Tin foil 30.00<br />
Block tin pipe 35.00<br />
Zinc .' 4.00<br />
Pewter. No. 1 25.00<br />
Old Rubber.— Inactive and prices only nominal. Wholesale<br />
dealers' buying quotations are:<br />
Boots and shoes 6 to 6A<br />
Trimmed artics 4_i to 5<br />
Auto tires 2 2-5 to 2 3-5<br />
Bicycle tires IJ. to Wi<br />
Solid tires 2 to 2'/.<br />
No. 1 inner tubes 11 _ to 12J4<br />
Mixed White scrap 4 to 4 1 .<br />
Mixed red scrap 3 r ._ to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap 1J_ to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose _ to 114<br />
Garden hose ....- -_ to 1<br />
Old Rags.— Little business is being done and prices<br />
have fallen. Wholesale dealers' prices are:<br />
No. 1 whites $10.50 to $11.00<br />
No. 2 whites 5.50 to 5.75<br />
Thirds and blues 3.00 to 3.25<br />
Straight garments 2.00 to 2.10<br />
Hard back carpets 1.75 to 185<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
NOTICE SLIDING<br />
DAMLRU<br />
Burt Ventilators are made<br />
in round, square, rectangu<br />
lar and special shapes, a<br />
full variety of types and to<br />
meet every requiremenl of<br />
buildings of all kinds. They<br />
are adjustable and storm<br />
proof.<br />
SLEEVE<br />
(Patented)<br />
Paper Stock.— Strong demand continues and higher<br />
prices predicted. Wholesale dealers' buying quotations for<br />
New York are:<br />
(Iver issue magazines $5.15 to $3.25<br />
( rumpled news 1.90 to 2.00<br />
Sheets and <strong>Metal</strong>s<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets.—Deliveries continue to<br />
be received and an impression is being made upon back orders.<br />
Xew demands are not heavy.<br />
Tin I'late.—Demand exceeds available supply, due to<br />
accumulation at the mills.<br />
Copper.— Inquiry is very light, consumers taking little<br />
interest in future buying. The talked-of price advance will<br />
probably not take place during the present inactive condition<br />
of the market.<br />
Tin.—This market is extremely dull with no interest<br />
shown by sellers or buyers.<br />
Lead.— While a quiet market prevails, prices continue<br />
strong.<br />
Zinc.— Producers are giving attention to shipments of<br />
metal already under contract and there is little inquiry for<br />
future requirements.<br />
Antimony.— Unchanged conditions characterize this<br />
market.<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgli.— Xo relaxation in the demand<br />
is observed, and a much larger business than is doing could<br />
be done if makers were in a position to accept. Transportation<br />
difficulties still hamper the manufacturers and one<br />
BURTS SELL FAST<br />
You have only to mention a few of the<br />
many exclusive features of Burt design and<br />
construction to win over the most stubborn<br />
purchaser.<br />
It will prove a pleasant surprise to you<br />
to find how easy it is to land big orders<br />
one after another when you liandle the<br />
Burt line.<br />
Write for the Burt Proposition Today<br />
The Burt Manufacturing Co.<br />
3()(i MAIN STREET AKRON, OHIO<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. Reed & Co., Montreil, Sole Manufacturer of "Burt"<br />
Ventilators for Canada
AUGUST 13. 1910 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
large interest, in an effort to secure tin plate for oil cans,<br />
has bought a tonnage of sheet bars for conversion. Stock<br />
items are carefully looked over by buyers in need of early<br />
supplies, and are fetching fancy prices, sales being noted<br />
anywhere from $8.50 to $1(1.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh.— In spite of the lower rate of activity<br />
in the automobile industry, it cannot be said that the<br />
demand for sheets is any less urgent than it has been and<br />
while the market has a quiet appearance, this may be<br />
ascribed chiefly to the indifference of makers to new orders.<br />
It is improbable that there will be any formal opening of<br />
hooks by independents for fourth-quarter Inisiness as the<br />
unfilled tonnages amount to more than 800,000 tons, and thev<br />
have fully 100,000 tons piled awaiting shipment. This condition<br />
would seem to preclude taking on additional business<br />
for delivery this year except to the extent of suspended<br />
shipments. The American Sheet & Tin Plate Co. continues<br />
to have considerable difficulty in getting steel from its<br />
regular sources of supply, and in an effort to meet its obligations<br />
has taken on a large amount of conversion business<br />
for buyers who have tonnages due them. This company has<br />
almost as much capacity on conversion orders as it has on<br />
its regular business.<br />
Notes on Prices<br />
Iiinseed Oil.— Market is quiet with prices irregular.<br />
In lots of 5 bbl. and over, city raw American seed is quoted<br />
at $1.36 to $1.51, and out-of-town raw Ameriean seed is<br />
quoted at $1.36 to $1.51. In lots of less than 5 bill. 3c more<br />
per gallon is asked. Boiled oil brings 2c more per gallon<br />
than raw oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.— Demand is light but improvement<br />
expected. In machine barrels in yard, the wholesale<br />
price is quoted at $1.70 per gallon.<br />
Rosin.— Both pale and medium grades in good demand<br />
and local stocks show improvement. On the basis of 280 lbs.<br />
to the barrel, the wholesale price of common-to-good strained<br />
is $12.50. Grade D is $15.75.<br />
Iron and Steel Pino.— Interest centers chiefly about<br />
the effect which the increased freight rate will have on<br />
prices. Oil country goods are sold on a delivered base, ifnd,<br />
of course, will take higher prices in keeping with that fact.<br />
'(u-iors are current that independent makers will revise<br />
their prices upward to cover the higher freight rates, although<br />
their prices already are higher than those of tbe<br />
Xational Tube Co. No indication of the course of the latter<br />
company on prices is available. Activity of speculators in<br />
the market has dwindled considerably in the past two weeks.<br />
.Makers who ean ship by water have made a fairly good<br />
showing in the matter of getting oil country pipe to destination.<br />
Bookings, however, are still sufficient to engage capacity<br />
of all makers all over the remainder of the year.<br />
Foundry Coke.— A somewhat more liberal supply of<br />
cars in the Connellsville region in the past week has resulted<br />
in a freer movement of coke against contracts and to<br />
a considerable extent this has lessened the demand for spot<br />
tonnages. The consequence is that prices are slightly softer<br />
than they have been, and while occasional sales of furnace<br />
grade are being made up to $19 per net ton, at oven, $18.50<br />
measures the more general maximum, and a considerable<br />
amount of recent business has been done at the flat price<br />
of $18. The spot market on foundry coke also is weaker<br />
and hardly is quotable above $19, although a few sales recently<br />
have been done at about 50 cents higher than that<br />
price. The spot market to-day is quotable at $18 to $18.50<br />
on furnace and $18.50 to $19 on foundry grade. The East<br />
seems to he most badly off in many of the consuming sect'ons<br />
for prompt tonnages and it is on sales in that direction<br />
that prices are highest. Some interest is beginning to<br />
n .elop ii contracts for the fourth quarter of the year and<br />
also for the first quarter of 1921. It is reported that one<br />
Contract for last quarter delivery, involving- about 500 cars<br />
a month, was closed on the basis of $14 per net ton, at<br />
uven, and it is stilted that two large tonnages are pending<br />
•it the same price for delivery through the last quarter of<br />
the year and the first quarter of 1921. On the other hand,<br />
it is reported that last quarter coke has been offered at<br />
A BIG CHANCE TO SECURE<br />
PROFITABLE CONTRACTS!<br />
Plumbing contractors everywhere are finding a new, expanding<br />
opportunity to increase profits by recommending,<br />
selling and installing the Watrous Gravity Liquid<br />
Soap System. Industrial plants of all kinds, Factories,<br />
Railway Depots, Hospitals, Public Buildings, etc., are<br />
adopting this improved method of dispensing soap.<br />
The one large central container, easily refilled, is far<br />
more economical and more convenient in operation than<br />
the ordinary wasteful method of an individual container<br />
for every bowl.<br />
There are no moving parts to The Watrous System to<br />
get out of order. Operates wholly by gravity. The<br />
simple valve in the dispenser<br />
regulates an even,<br />
non-wasting supply of<br />
soap. A plumber's services<br />
are required to install<br />
the System. Therefore,<br />
every sale you make<br />
The Watrous Gravity<br />
xjt| WSBEM^WA''<br />
•<br />
i •<br />
fm<br />
IL' •<br />
will carry with it a contract<br />
for installation.<br />
Liquid Soap System is a<br />
new addition to the line<br />
of the celebrated Watrous<br />
Sanitary Plumbing Equip<br />
ment, distinguished as<br />
"^ x ,-^j<br />
representing the most advanced<br />
ideas in sanitary<br />
pumbing science. The line<br />
includes Watrous Duojet<br />
Closets, Self-Closing<br />
Cocks, Urinals, Drinking<br />
Free Information Fountains on Request and up-to-date<br />
Specialties.<br />
The Imperial Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
1S_3 W. Harrison St., Chicago, 111<br />
S13 li'- so' '" produces. Practically no contracts in foundry<br />
coke for the remainder of the year have been done recently<br />
• - nr"ducers of this grade are sold through to the end of<br />
the year, and regard the situation as being unfavorable to<br />
arrive at any real idea of the value of 1921 fuel.<br />
An Exhibit of Boiler Room Instruments<br />
In view of the present great scarcity of fuel and the<br />
unusual public interest in the economical utilization<br />
of it, the L T ehIing Instrument Co., 71 Broadway, New<br />
York City, has decided to exhibit their fuel-saving de<br />
vices at two of the leading expositions of the vear,<br />
namely, the Chemical Show, Grand Central Palace,<br />
New York, Sept. 20-2.5, and the National Association #<br />
of Stationary Engineers' Convention, Milwaukee.<br />
Wis., Sept. 13-17.<br />
The principal products to be displayed will be the<br />
"ew "Stvle U" COs recording equipment. This in<br />
strument keeps tabs continuously on by far the larg<br />
est item of waste in the hoiler room, namely, the heat<br />
discharged up the chimney, thus enabling the opera<br />
tors to make adjustments that will reduce this loss to<br />
the minimum. A gauge on the front of each boiler<br />
serves as a working guide for the firemen and a re<br />
corder in the office of the engineer or superintendent<br />
simultaneously makes a permanent record of the per<br />
formance of each boiler furnace. Other hoiler room<br />
instruments, including L'chling pyrometers and draft<br />
gauges will also be exhibited.
230 METAL WORKER. PL U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide changes in<br />
price continue.<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
AUGUST 13. 1920<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks.<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sufficiently heavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticablfto<br />
name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over<br />
99% pure, in ingots for remelting,<br />
100-lb. lots—37 to 39c.<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb.<br />
10c to 12c<br />
BRASS, ROLL ANL SHEET—<br />
Base price Nominal<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4.50<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
Corrugated—<br />
Round or Square-<br />
Galvanized steel 30%<br />
Toncan or ingot 15%<br />
Copper 10%<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe-<br />
Galvanized 20%<br />
Spiral Riveted—<br />
Galvanized On application<br />
(.See also elbows and shoes;<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers,<br />
Conductor.)<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.)<br />
COPPER—<br />
Lake ingot 21!,_-22!_c<br />
Electrolytic 21-22c<br />
Casting 20-21C<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per<br />
lb., 295.C mill.<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 lb. lots<br />
and over.<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per lb.<br />
advance.<br />
Colled Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier<br />
per lb. advance over hot rolled.<br />
Polished— 48 in.<br />
long 48 in.<br />
and to<br />
less 96 in.<br />
sq. ft. sq. tt.<br />
10 in. wide and under 6c 7c<br />
10 in. to 36 in. wide... 5c 6c<br />
Over 36 in. wide 8c 9c<br />
Planished. V/2c per sq. ft. more<br />
than Polished.<br />
Bottom, Pitts and Flats, 24 oz.<br />
base and heavier, per lb 38c<br />
Tinning— 96 in.<br />
long<br />
and Over<br />
less 96.in.<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft.<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c 6c<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c 7c<br />
Over 48 in. wide 7c 8c<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot, 25%<br />
Galvanized steel 40%<br />
Copper 10%<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS—<br />
Lap or Slip Joint, 10% above list.<br />
CHARCOAL STOVE PIPE<br />
ELBOWS—<br />
N.j. 1 Xo. 2 X". 3<br />
4 in $4.00 $3 9 r 4.25 4.05 3.00 ROSIN-<br />
Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
5J,2 in<br />
4.90 4.50 3 50 Common to good strained (whole private brands very according to<br />
5.05<br />
4 00<br />
6.50<br />
4.75<br />
sale). 280 lbs., per bbl $12.50 composition.<br />
7.50 SHEETS—<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES—<br />
ELBOWS AND SHOES—<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
Vaeger's Salts:<br />
Galvanized Steel—<br />
Cents per lb. 1-lb. cans, each 60<br />
Plain Round and Corrugated- No. 10, per lb 6.50-8.00 5-lb. cans, each $3.00<br />
All sizes up to 6 in 5C% No. 12, per lb 6.55-8.05 A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
Square—<br />
No. 14, per lb 6.60-8.10 Gallon $1.25<br />
Square 40% No. 16, per lb 6.70-8.20 12-gal. Carboy 90c per gallon<br />
Copper-<br />
Black— One Pass. C R.<br />
(Jug and carboy extra)<br />
All sizes Net List<br />
Soft Steel Callahan's Non-Corrosive, per<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings- No. 18 to 20, per lb 7.80- 9.80 gal $1.75<br />
Standard list..Prices on application No. 22 to 24, per lb 7.85- 9.85 SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
LEAD—<br />
No. 26, per lb 7.90- 9.90 Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 5Uc<br />
American Pig, per lb. . .10J_c to lie No. 27, per lb 7.95- 9.95 In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
Bar, per lb llj_c to 12c No. 28, per lb 8.00-10.00 per lb.<br />
METAL LATH—<br />
No. 29, per lb 8.05-10.05 In lots of less than 100 lbs., ad<br />
Under 100 sq. yd. per sq. yd. 40c No. 30, per lb 8.25-10.25 vance 4c per lb.<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.—<br />
No. 2S and lighter, 36 wide, STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR—<br />
Leads-<br />
10c higlier<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
Lead, American White, in Oil, Wellsville Polished—<br />
Copper $2.80 $3 75 $5.75 $9.00 dz.<br />
kegs less than 500 lbs., 15.ic 20 gauge 11.10c<br />
Galv 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 dz.<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. tin 22 and 24 gauge 11.20c TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
pails; add to keg price 14 c 26 gauge 1130c Straits, pigs per lb 52c<br />
Lead, Red, in Oil, less than 500 28 gauge 11.50c Straits, in bars, per lb....57c to 62c<br />
lbs., 15c<br />
Galvanized—<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
Dry Colors-<br />
Cents per lb. Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
Red Venetian, American,<br />
Nos. 12 and 14 9.1(1-11.10 N. B.—The price of 14 x 20<br />
Per 100 lbs., 2/j to 5c \*o 16 9.25-11.25 "AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
Xos. 18 and 20 9.4J-U.40 IC, 14 x 20 $16.50<br />
Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00 Nos. 22 and 24 9.25-11.55 IX, 14 x 20 18.75<br />
Red, per ton 35.00 40.00 Xo. 26 0.70-11.70 IXX, 14 x 20 20.50<br />
Oils-<br />
Xo 27 9.85-11.85 IXXX, 14 x 20 22.25<br />
Linseed City Raw ....$1.36 to 51.51 Xo. 28 1 I.OU-1-.IO IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
Linseed, Boiled, advance, per Xo. 30 10.50-13.00 "A" Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
gal 2c No. 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide, IC, 14 x 20 $14.25<br />
Out of Town American Seed<br />
20c higher IX. 14 x 20 16.25<br />
at $1.36 to $1.51 Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized— IXX, 14 x 20 18 00<br />
Spirits Turpentine-<br />
2y2 in. corrugations, 30 per 100 lbs. IXXX, 14 x 20 19.75<br />
In Machine Bbl $1.70 over flat sheets.<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 21.50<br />
PUTTY—<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Painted- Coke Plates, Bright-<br />
Pure tubs, 120 lbs., per lb 4.50c Prices quoted on application. Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
In 1-lb to S-lb. tins, 6.00 to 7 35c 2'_-in. Corrugation<br />
80-lb $11.80'<br />
REGISTERS—<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
90-lb 11.90<br />
Cast Iron 10% Xo. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
100-lb 12.W<br />
Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for No. 26, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IC 13.25<br />
White Japan or Electro plate and No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IX 13 23<br />
Small Faces and Borders ....20% SLATE ROOFING—<br />
IXX 1. JS<br />
Wall Frames 20% F. O. B. cars, Quarry Station. IXXX 1- 25<br />
Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and<br />
Per Square IXXXX lo.25<br />
larger 40%<br />
According Terne Plate-<br />
Base Board Registers 20% Pennsylvania— to size Small lots, 8-lb. Coating:<br />
Base Board Intakes 20% Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00 100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
White Enameled Goods 5% No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9.00 IC, 14 x 20 9 50<br />
Solid Brass or Bronze Goods, ex Pen Argyl 7 75 to 8.25 IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
cept Grilles Net Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50 IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
Grilles in Black and White Japan No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75 squared:<br />
or Electroplate in Cast Iron Plain Vermont—<br />
12-lb. Coating $11.50<br />
Lattice, Design. Smaller than No. 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50 15-lb. Coating 11.75<br />
14 x 14 in.,<br />
Unfading Green 6.50 to 13 50 20-lb. Coating 12.25<br />
Prices on application Red 22.00 30-lb. Coating 13 50<br />
ROOFING MATERIAL—<br />
Maine-<br />
35-lb. Coating 14.25<br />
1-Ply Walter's Tarred Paper, and per ton, Cooper's Brownsville, <strong>Metal</strong> Unfading Shingles<br />
Black,<br />
M. F. Grade 13.50<br />
$102.00 No. 1 $14.00 40-lb Coating 15.00<br />
per roll, 108 sq. ft. Slaters felt, 30-lb roll 2.00 WASTE COTTON—<br />
,<br />
2-Ply Tarred Paper $160<br />
40-lb. roll 2.25 Per lb. in 5-lb. bags 22c<br />
3-Ply Tarred Paper 2.00 SOLDER—<br />
ZINC SHEETS—<br />
Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
i72 '$ 2.75<br />
to */2 guaranteed 37v2c Western Slabs 10-llc<br />
Prices on application<br />
4V_ in 41" 3.95 2.85<br />
Xo. 1 34J_c Sheets No. 9 base casks 14J_c<br />
Roofing Pitch, per ton $30.00 Refined 30c<br />
Open per lb 15c<br />
The The<br />
KT<br />
Shingles<br />
That Last<br />
Shingles<br />
That Tbe Last Most Complete Line of Designs The Best Material, AVorkmanship and Finisb<br />
Made in Painted Tin or Genuine He-dipped Oalvanized Tin<br />
Sold at the right price .May we send you full-size samples and prices?<br />
National Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Roofing Co.<br />
339-345 Grand Street<br />
JERSEY CITY, N. J.
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
The Magazine for<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
I'LORAL PARK, N. Y., AUG. 20, 1920.<br />
Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
English Ideas in Drain Piping<br />
1 Ei license with Outside Soil and Vent Pipes.<br />
VOLUME 94, Ko. 8<br />
Cast Iron and Lead Used Exclusively for Carrying Away Waste and Rain<br />
Water Made to Harmonize with Style of Architecture as Internal<br />
Soil Pipes Are Generally Prohibited<br />
By John Y. Dunlop<br />
T H E position and construction of a soil pipe in<br />
the home drainage system is a matter of great<br />
importance from the standpoint of the health of<br />
the occupants. In the early days, of water-closets<br />
io England the soil pipes were invariably built into<br />
the wall or let into a chase formed in the wall.<br />
But the danger of the internal pipe soon became<br />
manifest as the joints were often scamped and because<br />
inspection was difficult or impossible, sewer gas<br />
generated in the soil pipe itself, escaped through the<br />
joints and pervaded the closet and the liouse. Repairs<br />
were difficult, troublesome and costly.<br />
Even if the soil pipe was perfect when fixed, it<br />
might eventually corrode, when the sewer gas would<br />
escape and lead to illness in the family before attention<br />
was drawn to the danger in which they lived.<br />
To-day internal soil pipes are forbidden almost<br />
throughout the lengtli and breadth of the land. Although<br />
thc multiplication of pipes on the outside of<br />
the Iiuilding is no doubt an architectural misfortune,<br />
hy skillful planning they can be placed in retired<br />
positions so that they will not obtrude themselves upon<br />
the sight.<br />
Soil pipes should be carried above the caves of I lie<br />
roof or in thc case of an attic roof should be t.i km<br />
above the ridge of the building and terminated not<br />
less than 8 ft. from every window and skylight.<br />
The size of a soil pipe for a single closet or lor<br />
two closets fixed one over thc other should 1"- :\\/..<br />
in. if of lead and 1 in. if of heavy cast iron. A J-in.<br />
lead soil pipe is large enough for connection with six
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20, 19<br />
water-closets, but in no case is it necessary to go<br />
beyond -l 1 /^ hi., although it might be advisable in the<br />
case of cast iron to increase the size according to<br />
the circumstances.<br />
Soil pipe above the highest closet connection need<br />
not be carried up full bore to the roof. There is a<br />
small saving- in material if a 3-in. pipe is placed on<br />
the top of a 1-in. one, as used on the residence shown<br />
in Fig. 1.<br />
Bends in soil pipes should be avoided wherever<br />
practical. In this illustration a 2%-in. offset bend<br />
is sliown at thc base of the building.<br />
The soil terminal is formed with a lead piece to<br />
prevent as little as possible the free supply of air<br />
to the trap at the closet. There is no trap at the<br />
foot of the soil, the passage from thc back of the<br />
closet trap being unobstructed forward to the disconnecting<br />
trap at the sewer connection.<br />
In I'ig. 1, D is a rain-water pipe; E is the 4-in.<br />
soil pipe with 3-in. vent pipe carried through the.<br />
eaves of thc roof; CC is a waste and rain-water pipe<br />
taking the waste water from the bathroom on thc<br />
first floor and the waste, water from the pantry sink<br />
on the ground floor. The vent shaft at the end of<br />
the drain is marked B.<br />
All of these pipes are of cast iron, which has many<br />
advantages over other materials. One thing is that<br />
nails cannot be driven into them and that they are not<br />
bulged by light blows. Hot water does not affect<br />
them to the same extent as lead and, of course, they<br />
are cheaper and do not require the same amount of<br />
skill in fixing.<br />
The thickness of cast iron soil pipes should be, at<br />
least Heavy iron soil pipes allow making a<br />
/_<br />
good, strong joint, as shown in Fig. 2.<br />
70IMT KTWEm IROM<br />
SOLLPIPE /v.d. FiqfXLUW<br />
DRAir<br />
EARTHENWARE<br />
IICPN<br />
TOIMTIMq MATERIAL,-.<br />
POTTY. PORTLAND CEMENT<br />
or PLUM 6E CIS CEMEINT<br />
TOIP1T 5_TwCO. W.C.<br />
OOTqo And IRON PIPE:<br />
Two rings of spun yarn arc calked down first<br />
prevent the lead from running througb into the pif<br />
and the remainder of the socket is filled up wi)<br />
molten lead and calked while warm. Several join<br />
are also shown of the soil pipe with other materii<br />
and also the connection at the closet.<br />
A good joint should be air and watertight. Tt<br />
full bore of the pipe should be maintained at the job<br />
and care should be taken that none of the jointin<br />
material protrudes inside the pipe. Between an iro<br />
soil pipe or waste pipe and a fire clay drain the joii<br />
is usually made with Portland cement.<br />
Between lead and fire clay pipes, as well as betwee<br />
lead and iron pipe, the most satisfactory method is<br />
brass ferrule connection. Sometimes there is no fei<br />
rule between lead and fire clay. The lead pipe i<br />
simply slipped into the faucet of the fire clay pip<br />
and the joint made tight with cement.<br />
The most important joint in the soil pipe is tha<br />
at the water-closet outgo, but it is often the weakest<br />
If the eathenware outgo is directly connected wit<br />
the iron soil pipe, as shown in Fig. 2, the joint i<br />
usually made with putty or Portland cement, but th<br />
most saisfactory jointing material is that known a<br />
plumber's cement—a mixture of two parts of tallo.<br />
and one part rosin.<br />
If the basin outgo is connected with a lead brand<br />
the joint is commonly made with red lead putty<br />
This connection is rendered more reliable if securei<br />
with two iron glands, bolts and nuts, as shown ii<br />
Fig. 2.<br />
Most external waste water pipes in England ar<br />
made of cast iron and until recently the waste pip<br />
from fittings on the upper floors forward to the out<br />
side were made sheet lead weighing 6 and 7 11<br />
LEAD nre.<br />
WIPED TOIMT _<br />
BRA55 FERROLtr<br />
CEMEJNT<br />
TACIJEP s<br />
JOINTS BETWEEN<br />
AMD LEADPI PEL<br />
X/lt<br />
II.SIDE<br />
PIPES<br />
I0II.TED<br />
WITH —•<br />
LEAP<br />
DOTS.IDE '<br />
PIPE'S<br />
WITH VtXIT<br />
TOIMT BCTWCLM<br />
LEAD &-<br />
ROM _—.<br />
CEMENT<br />
BRASS &OCKET<br />
TOINT<br />
w. c . ocrrqo<br />
Fill. 2—Common Methods uf Joining Two Different Pipes and Making Water Closet Connc<br />
t-ihetaL<br />
CAbT IBJli<br />
Rftll. WATU<br />
A.VASTL PIP!
l'l ll METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM F1TTE:<br />
to the square foot. The sheet lead was made up by<br />
hand into the various sizes required by uniting the<br />
pieces with soldered copper bit seams.<br />
At the present time drawn lead pipes are generally<br />
used. Tliese seamless pipes are manufactured in<br />
lengths of 10. 12 and 14 ft.<br />
Fig. 3—O u t s i d e<br />
Kain Water Pipes<br />
and V o n t e d<br />
Waste Pipes.<br />
To the outsider drawn pipes appear to be much<br />
superior to the hand-made seamed pipe, but experience<br />
proves that this is not true, for the drawn pipe<br />
yields to the action of hot water much more rapidly<br />
than hand-made seamed pipes of the same strength.<br />
It is customary to denounce hand-made pipes and<br />
traps chiefly because the sewer gas attacks and cor-<br />
rotles the seams.<br />
The usual diameter of the waste pipe from the<br />
bathroom is l'A in. .-md where there is no flushing<br />
tank at the head of the system of drainage, the waste<br />
pipe from the bathroom may be employed for that<br />
purpose. The weight of waste pipe vary with tin-<br />
size and nature of the fittings. Seamed pipes made<br />
of sheet lead are IV4 in. dia. and weigh 9 lb. per<br />
square foot. lV_ in. 12 lb. and 2 in. 18 lb. Drawn<br />
pipi- is equal in thickness to sheet lead weighing 8 to<br />
'0 lh. per square foot.<br />
The ordinarv pressed pipe made in rolls is much<br />
superior to the seamed and drawn pipes and is also<br />
much cheaper as it can be bent to almost any shape<br />
by a skilled plumber, there being no need to cut and<br />
work the bends or to make joints. Fxternal cast iron<br />
waste pipes are required to be 3-16 in. in thickness.<br />
The waste pipe from a slop sink should be treated<br />
in every way like a soil pipe- It should not be connected<br />
with "the waste pipe from the bath or sink, but<br />
c »n be connected with the soil pipe from the water-<br />
closet if the traps of both are properly ventilated.<br />
TV _,o_t_ -niter nine in all cases is carried un to<br />
tin- roof and is finished with a perforated cover or<br />
connected to the cast iron caves gutter.<br />
The bend connecting (he waste pipe J in Fig. 3<br />
is a lead piece, and in this case the pipe also serves<br />
for the rain water. A cast iron rain-water pipe 3 in.<br />
in diameter and having faucet joints is shown by K.<br />
Rain-water pipes arc seldom made of wood now. al<br />
though there is in outlying places a prejudice for this<br />
material. Cast iron pipes are made circular and rect<br />
angular, the former being the strongest and most<br />
durable.<br />
Rain-water pipes arc fixed with ear hands and<br />
holdfasts and should be set slightly clear of the wall<br />
to allow for painting and so that in thc ease of a leak<br />
the wall will not suffer from being saturated with<br />
water.<br />
Solid drawn lead pipes have recently come into<br />
use. They are expensive Imt on the otlier hand they<br />
do not need painting nor do thev rust. The thickness<br />
of the metal is about ' g in. and is about 7 lb. per<br />
square foot. This material is secured to the wall with<br />
lead tacks or hands not more than 3'A ft. apart.<br />
It is a mistake to use small rain-water pipes. The<br />
smallest size allowed is 2 in., hut 3 and 31/2 in. are<br />
more suitable for general work.<br />
Undoubtedly rapid advances have been made during<br />
the last 20 years in this small part of the sanitary<br />
plumber's work. Rut though much has been done,<br />
much remains to he done, particularly among the rank<br />
.and file of the craft in the smaller towns and villages.<br />
Chicago Section American Welding<br />
Society Organized<br />
At a meeting of members of the welding trade in<br />
Chicago, held in the rooms of the Western Society of<br />
Fngineers, on Tuesday evening, Aug. 3, a Chicago<br />
section of the American Welding Society was <strong>org</strong>an<br />
ized. There were about 7-5 in attendance, representing<br />
many railroads terminating in Chicago and also<br />
many of the larger local industries, - ..<br />
The following officers and directors were elected:<br />
Chairman—M. B. Osburn, Ass't Supt. Pullman Car Works.<br />
Vice-Chairman—O. T. Xelson, Pres. General Boilers Co.<br />
Sec'y-Treas.—I.. 15. Mackenzie, Pres. The Welding Engineer,<br />
(ins South Dearborn Street, Chicago.<br />
DIRECTORS<br />
A Years<br />
K. Wanamaker, Electrical Eng., Rock Island Ry.<br />
H. B. Bentlv, Supt. Motive Power & Mach., C. & X. W. Ry.<br />
Andrew Oliver. Welding Supervisor, Standard Oil Co.<br />
W. M. B. Brady. Commercial Eng., Genera] Elec. Co.<br />
2 Years<br />
Harold Cook. Managing Editor, Acetylene Journal.<br />
W. A. Slack. Pres. Torchweld Equipment Co.<br />
K R. Hare, District Mgr. Transportation Eng. Co.<br />
,1. M. Jardine, Partner. Western Welding & Equipment Co.<br />
1 Year<br />
W H Bleecker, Jr., District Mgr. Page Steel & Wire Co.<br />
Oliver' Mitchell. Partner. X. F. Mitchell & Son.<br />
Walter L. Senhert, Pres. Welded Products Co.<br />
Don B. McCloud, Sec'y-Treas. Gas Products Ass'n.<br />
Meetings will be held on the second Tuesday of<br />
each month in the rooms of the Western Society of<br />
Engineers and those interested in the subject of auto<br />
genous welding, by all methods, are invited to attend.
234 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20. 1920<br />
Progressiveness Brings Power and Prosperity<br />
Self Content Means Stagnation<br />
Originality a Factor of Success<br />
By J. C. Bixby<br />
T H E R E is no royal patent or class inheritance of<br />
results in this easy road to success. To originate<br />
a departure in method from a generally accepted<br />
condition in any line gives you the limelight and<br />
rating in the market for buyers.<br />
It is in many cases the overlooked and commonplace<br />
conditions out of which originality of thought<br />
and closer analysis bring the staring and successful<br />
results that were held dormant and unseen by the<br />
multitude, and thereby accrued much silver and gold<br />
for the man of new thought.<br />
Managers soon overlook the ordinary employee who<br />
does nothing to attract notice in his service. But<br />
even T is in high speed and what may be new to-day, may<br />
be old to-morrow; and we are in school at all times.<br />
When <strong>org</strong>anization ceases to be the means and becomes<br />
the end, it has reached the limit of its usefulness.<br />
Organization must stand not only for Unity,<br />
but for Efficiency. This condition, however, gives the<br />
original and studious mind the greatest opportunity<br />
against the earlier day, when plumbing and living<br />
customs changed only once in half-century epochs;<br />
and the pan closet, or German helmet reversed, had<br />
a pull, and the lavatory" was just outside the kitclien<br />
door. Evoluting from these crude earlier conditions<br />
and sanitary appliances, we now have not only the<br />
manager and proprietor is looking for promis most successful in operation, but the most artistic and<br />
ing material and when they note anything out of the graceful in design until the beautiful bathroom of<br />
ordinary routine—one who is always on the alert for to-day sells the house, camouflaging all its other de<br />
better ways, determined to stamp his individuality fects in the eyes of the prospective buyer.<br />
upon whatever he does—that employee is marked for We to-day .are taking a large space in the world's<br />
promotion at once. The public and capital has us work, and let us remember that originality is power<br />
and our works as well as other merchandising and .and success. Imitation i.s death. This is an age of<br />
inventive and resourceful people under scrutiny also, experts and no one who does not specialize and go<br />
to see if peradventure there is some new thing in the above the average need hope for a career.<br />
world, or surprising rsults brought out of the old, Ambition is the gas motor of life, but remember it<br />
that thev mav recognize and enrich the originator to<br />
is easier to rebuild a business than to reconstruct a<br />
tlieir own advantage and to his benefit.<br />
reputation, and strict honesty is the corner-stone of<br />
To be original is to be progressive. Do not try to lasting success.<br />
be a copy of your grandfather, your father or your<br />
Let us now for a moment diverge from the subject<br />
neighbor, but from the crucible of<br />
.and speak of courtesy in business. It is the inspira<br />
Originality your own brain originate. Build<br />
tion that extends the welcoming hand, bids you come<br />
Means better than they knew. An originside<br />
the rail and open the gates of opportunity, a<br />
Pror/ressiveness inal and constructive mind is<br />
trait to be carefully cultivated, whose return comes in<br />
greater than an army of millions<br />
the pay cheek and more pleasant relations with cus<br />
whose safety and achievement depend largely on that<br />
tomer and employee. The gruff person is like an<br />
invisible power housed in the leader's brain.<br />
underrated radiator I It heats up all right under<br />
How many in our profession have achieved suc<br />
discussion or steam, but people look on that and him as<br />
cess in bringing out new and successful sanitary<br />
being not entirely finished and out of harmony with<br />
appliances? Starting out in originality of thought to his surroundings.<br />
delve along roads that lead to Cod knows where, they<br />
Remember, motors do their knocking going up hill;<br />
dug over the old and new ground, discovering nug<br />
men do theirs going down. As designers, creators and<br />
gets here and there until they struck the mother lode<br />
sellers, we should always pilot prospective customers<br />
and Nature showed them her secrets. And we can<br />
into an easy flowing current that takes them in the<br />
buy their discovery f"om thc jobbing house—at the<br />
direction they wish to go, with a lasting friendship<br />
list price, plus.<br />
at the destination and your name the first to be<br />
With the 10,000 human dynamos concentrated in<br />
looked for in the directory on further occasion<br />
this association, switches thrown in and all purring<br />
Therefore, with the greater experience that each<br />
togetlier gathering energy, what would the harvest<br />
year gives us and the broadening view of increasing<br />
be if that power were all turned on in our business<br />
niembers. this <strong>org</strong>anization shall attain and reflect<br />
endeavors? The Great White Way would be a dark<br />
the best and latest ideas and results in construction<br />
alley bv comparison, and the publie would be wait and business methods that a rapidly advancing and<br />
ing for us to open up in the morning. However, we improving world demands.<br />
mav not sit down and say it is finished, for the world May we not take back a message from this con<br />
*Paper at National Association of Master Plumliers' Association vention to those we represent that shall increase their<br />
Convention, Pittsburgli, June 15-17.<br />
;nthusiasm for association work and our numbers?
AUGUST 20. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
A Comprehensive Treatment of the Factors<br />
Governing Circulation and Their Application<br />
to Heating Building<br />
New Treatment of Hot Water Heating<br />
tyy Edisuard E. Parker<br />
PART XII<br />
T H E growing of fruit, vegetables and flowers<br />
under glass has become a great industry and<br />
is still growing rapidly. As all greenhouses must<br />
be artificially heated, the question as to the best way of<br />
doing it is one of great importance. All greenhouses<br />
are now heated either by steam or by hot water, and<br />
each method has its advocates.<br />
<strong>Steam</strong> seems to be the favored medium with the<br />
owners of the more extended plants, while hot water is<br />
the choice of most owners whose houses are of moderate<br />
size. The first cost of a large<br />
Greenhouse steam plant is less than for hot water<br />
Heating and, as all the water of condensation is<br />
automatically pumped back into the<br />
boiler, giving the steam ready access to all coils, it<br />
heats the building verv quickly. In such a plant a fireman<br />
must be kept on duty at all times and so tbe item<br />
Fig.<br />
-Connected<br />
Return<br />
Circulat<br />
Fire.<br />
Through Boiler without<br />
of being able to leave the fire for a considerable time<br />
without attention becomes of slight importance.<br />
Even in installations of the largest size it would<br />
probably be better, where cheap electrical power is<br />
available, to use hot water under pressure and circula e<br />
it through the coils, when necessary, by means of an<br />
electrically driven pump, but for any greenhouse plane<br />
of such dimensions<br />
as not to require the constant .it-<br />
tention of a fireman,<br />
there can be no question of tbe<br />
superiority of hot-water heating.<br />
In a steam plant the moment the steam pressure<br />
beeins to run down, the pipe coils begin to cool off at<br />
the return ends and this chill keeps extending toward<br />
the boiler For this reason there is often a consider<br />
able difference in the temperature of the two ends of<br />
the house and plants are sometimes injured by being<br />
chilled, when they would not have been harmed had<br />
the heat in the liouse been more evenly distributed, as<br />
it would had the heating medium been hot water.<br />
A big greenhouse is larger than a small one mostly<br />
in length and widtli, but only slightly in height.<br />
Hence, the head of water in a greenhouse is small<br />
and comparatively smaller the more extended the<br />
plant. Therefore considerable skill is necessary<br />
to design a system that will circulate the water rapidly<br />
without putting the heater into a cellar.<br />
The radiation, however, should be figured upon the<br />
same basis as that of any other building, except that<br />
the amount of movable glass being small, and practi<br />
cally none of it facing the point from which the cold<br />
winds blow, 10 per cent added to the glass area will be<br />
a sufficient allowance for leakage unless the liouse is<br />
covered with movable sash. Pipe coils, such as are<br />
usually used in greenhouse work, can be relied upon to<br />
emit 2 B. t. u. for each degree of difference between<br />
the temperature of the water and that of the surrounding<br />
air.<br />
In laying out the piping, the flow main should rise<br />
as high as possible immediately on leaving the lieater<br />
and the pipe leading to the expansion tank be taken<br />
off the top of that. From this point the piping should<br />
grade down until it reaches the heater again.<br />
The first thing necessary is to find the probable heat<br />
losses in tlie house in extreme weather, then the amount<br />
of radiating surface which will be required to make<br />
good that loss. Divide this by 275 and you have the<br />
area, in square inches, of the cross section of the flow<br />
main, or mains. The total outside area of the flowmains<br />
should be deducted from thc total number of<br />
feet of radiation required and the remainder distributed<br />
in the coils on the return.<br />
Suppose a house 200 x 30 ft. with 7,500 ft. of glass,<br />
1.600 ft. of north wall and leakage equal to 10 per cent<br />
of the glass. Thc beat losses for each degree of difference<br />
between inside .and outside temperature will<br />
be as follows: 7,500 +(1.600 X .25)+ (7.500 X -10<br />
= 7_500 + 400 X 750 = 8.650 B. t. u., the difference<br />
for each degree between thc inside and the outside<br />
temperature. If the house is to be kept at 60 deg. in<br />
zero weather, multiply by 60. This gives the total<br />
heat loss in the coldest weather, 123,500 B. t. u. per<br />
hour.<br />
If the water was leaving the heater at 180 deg. and<br />
returning to it at 150 deg. the water would average<br />
165 deg°or 105 deg. hotter than the surrounding air.
230 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20. 1920<br />
and hence each square foot of piping would put 210<br />
B. t. n. into the greenhouse every hour. 123.500 -rr<br />
210 = 2,017, the total square feet of radiation required<br />
in the house. Divide 2.017 by 275. gives 7.5<br />
sq. in., practically the cross section area of a 3-in.<br />
pipe. It would be better, however, to put up two 2 : j/oin.<br />
flow mains, because extra radiating surface at that<br />
elevation, has great effect in accelerating the circulation.<br />
The surface area of -100 lin. ft. of 21/o-in. pipe<br />
would be 300 sq. ft. This deducted from the total<br />
radiating surface required. 2.017 ft., leaves 1.717 sq.<br />
ft., or about 3.919 lin. ft. of l^-in. pipe.<br />
The selection of a heater is a matter of the greatest<br />
importance. There is no line of goods where the<br />
dictum, "Tbe best is the cheapest.'' applies with<br />
greater force than in thc selection of a<br />
Heaters heater. The worst heater on the market<br />
and will heat water, and will, for a time, if<br />
Radiators conditions are favorable, give reasonable<br />
satisfaction. "The Best' lieater is, of<br />
course, the one that the manufacturer or his agent is<br />
exploiting, and so it seems diflicult sometimes to decide<br />
the proper lieater to use, but if the contractor<br />
will hear in mind the essential requirements he cannot<br />
go far wrong.<br />
The heater should have a deep fire-pot. so that it<br />
will hold a thick body of fuel. It should have a<br />
reasonable amount of fire surface; too much is often<br />
as bad as too little, as it checks the draft without<br />
doing much compensating good. The grate should<br />
be round or nearly square and never long and narrow.<br />
A grate that operates easih' at all times and is easy<br />
to repair in case of accident is essential.<br />
It is essential that the lieater should be easy to<br />
clean out. Cleanliness, in regard to the fire surface<br />
of a heater, is a matter likely to be neglected. But.<br />
as it is absolutely necessary in order to insure satisfactory<br />
results, the work of removing deposits from<br />
the inside of the lieater should be made as easy as<br />
possible.<br />
In selecting the size of the heater for any particular<br />
job. it is usual to find the amount of radiation<br />
to which it is to be attached. Then add 20 or 25<br />
per cent for the radiating surface of the mains, then<br />
add something for the manufacturer's optimism, it<br />
being unwise to take most published rating's too seriously.<br />
Then select the heater which is rated nearest<br />
to the total result from the manufacturer's catalog.<br />
Even then the heater selected is generally too small<br />
to give the most satisfactory results.<br />
The primary cause of this trouble is that each manufacturer<br />
feels that if he does not make as big a claim<br />
for his heater as another manufacturer does for one<br />
of similar size and construction the buyer will feel<br />
tie is getting inferior goods, and so the fellow with<br />
the most elastic conscience sets the pace whieh the<br />
others follow. In his turn, the contractor, haunted<br />
by the spectre of ignorant and unrestrained competition,<br />
fears that if he makes a bid based upon the size<br />
of lieater which he really thinks best adapted to do<br />
the work, he will not only lose the job and the timespent<br />
in figuring upon it. hut will get the reputationof<br />
being, in a business sense, "out of it." Consequently.<br />
A is very r.are to find in actual use a heater too la,<br />
to W( rk for economy in fuel and attention.<br />
if the radiating surface of an open tank system.<br />
extreme weather, be computed by the rule before<br />
given, each sq. ft. of radiation will give off 192.5<br />
B. t. u. an hour and the loss from the heater and<br />
piping will amount to. perhaps, 20 per cent of the<br />
loss from the radiators. Thus, if there is 400 ft. of<br />
direct radiation, add 80 ft. more for the piping, etc.,<br />
making the total radiating surface 480 ft. Then<br />
480 X 192.5—92,400 B. t. u. per hour the total<br />
heat loss to be made good by the heater.<br />
To furnish this amount of heat, assuming the coal<br />
to have an effective value of 8,750 B. t. u. per pound,<br />
would require 92,400 -r- 8,750 = 10.0 lb. of coal per<br />
hour. If burned at the rate of 4 lb. for each square<br />
foot of grate, would require a grate area of 2.8 sq. ft.,<br />
or 403 sq. in., which is the approximate area of a<br />
grate 23 in. in diameter.<br />
A short and safe rule in residence work, where the<br />
firing is done but two or three times a day, is to choose<br />
a heater with 1 sq. in. of grate area for each foot of<br />
direct radiation, if thc radiation is figured by the rule<br />
already given. Direct-indirect and indirect radiators<br />
should be reckoned as direct radiation 100 per cent<br />
larger. Estimating a heater by this rule allows something<br />
for possible additions and the lack of attention<br />
to which house heaters are subject, and the size may<br />
be cut down proportionately where there is a regular<br />
attendant and the quantity of coal burned per square<br />
foot of grate is larger.<br />
It should be remembered that heaters in greenhouses<br />
are called upon to meet the demands of sudden<br />
and extreme changes in the weather and therefore a<br />
more liberal reserve power is demanded.<br />
When twin heaters are used, one to do the work in<br />
comparativelv mild weather and the other to be fired<br />
only when the cold is extreme, valves are not only unnecessary<br />
but actually may be dangerous in making<br />
the connections so that one or both can be run as<br />
demanded by the weather conditions. If the risers<br />
from each heater, both flow and return, are connected<br />
directly up into their proper main, as shown in Fig.<br />
29, the water will circulate only through the heater<br />
with fire in it.<br />
{To Be Continued)<br />
How the Koreans Heat Their Homes<br />
Our fuel resources are still so ample, despite these<br />
times, that we find it hard to conceive of a country<br />
so poorly supplied with fuel as Korea is.<br />
The land bears very little timber, and although<br />
good deposits of bituminous and anthracite coal have<br />
been found, occupation .-it least, would give no concessions<br />
for mining, states the Los Angeles Times. The<br />
natives dig the surface coal out in a crude way, and<br />
let the debris and rain water fill up the shafts. Accordingly,<br />
the coal, when they finally get it, is usually<br />
well rotted from dampness. This poor stuff is sold<br />
for as much as $9 a ton, a price that makes it inaccessible<br />
for thc majority of the natives. Korean ingenuity,<br />
however, has found a way of combating these<br />
unfavorable conditions.<br />
When a Korean starts to build his house he first<br />
lays down a system of flues where the floor is to be.<br />
These flues begin at a fireplace, usually built in<br />
outer shed or in a closed alleyway connected with<br />
the house. From the fireplace the" flues branch out.
AUGUST 20, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMCEIi AND STEAM FITTER<br />
like the ribs of a fan, and end in a trench at the back<br />
of tbe floor space. This trench, in turn, opens into<br />
a chimney, usually built at some distance from the<br />
house.<br />
When the flues are completed the builder carefully<br />
covers them with flagstones; he then cements the<br />
whole floor, and covers it with a sort of thick oiled<br />
paper for which Korea is famous. The rest of the<br />
house is then built around the completed floor.<br />
The lieating system works in this way: when it is<br />
time to cook the rice for the morning meal, the housewife<br />
lights a little straw or brushwood in the fireplace<br />
in the outer shed. While the rice is cooking.<br />
the heat from the fireplace passes through the flues,<br />
lieating the stone flags of the floor and diffusing a<br />
pleasant warmth that lasts until it is time to prepare<br />
the next meal. Two heatings a day generally suffice<br />
to keep the floor warm. On the floor the people sit<br />
by day and sleep by night. The heavy oiled paper<br />
that covers the floor prevents any smoke from entering<br />
the room. Since the occupants always leave their<br />
shoes at the door, the paper wears a long time and<br />
gradually takes on a rich brown color. So here tbe<br />
Koreans sit through the severe winter in their snug<br />
little houses ; there is no smoke to bother them and no<br />
ashes to litter up the house; and all this comfort is<br />
brought about by a few handfuls of stray or brushwood.<br />
Oxy-Acetylene Application in Foundries<br />
The oxy-acetylene department in the modern foundry<br />
is now as much a matter of course as the pattern<br />
shop or finishing room. The blowpipe is the accepted<br />
tool for cutting off steel risers because of its economy<br />
and speed, and in all welding operations, such as filling<br />
in of blowholes and building up of defective castings<br />
it is indispensable as a source of saving and especially<br />
because the oxy-acetylene weld which, being<br />
free from hard spots, contributes to ease and finish in<br />
machining.<br />
Repair of broken castings, while not so important<br />
in the foundry as elsewhere, because patterns are<br />
usually available for making new castings and because<br />
the material costs are not so high as in completed machinery,<br />
is nevertheless quite common wherever castings<br />
can be welded more cheaply than they can be<br />
replaced. This is frequently the case and has led to<br />
provision being made in most foundries for preheating<br />
whenever the welding is to be done in places where the<br />
application of a welding heat will set up stresses in<br />
casting.<br />
The modern foundry lends itself admirably to the<br />
production of quality acetylene welding. As a rule<br />
annealing ovens are ready to hand for the initial preheating;<br />
brick and coke are present for the building<br />
of ovens to provide final heating and annealing; and<br />
men who are experienced in the control of expansion<br />
and contraction are always at hand to supervise the<br />
work. .„ c<br />
In manv foundries special spaces are set ott tor<br />
the welding and cutting operations. An ideal procedure,<br />
where ample floor space is available, is to remove<br />
the castings from the molds, take them to a regular<br />
place for rough cleaning, next to a separate space<br />
fcr cutting off of risers, and finally to the grinders<br />
for finishing, where the defective castings are sorted<br />
out for removal to the welding division.<br />
Founders generally are accepting the conclusion<br />
that the manufacturers of equipment and supplies<br />
whose business is old-established and national in scope<br />
are best qualified to advise the consumer and best<br />
equipped to render him dependable service.<br />
The many ways of handling oxy-acetylene applications<br />
in the foundry illustrate the wonderful flexibility<br />
and adaptability of the process. Mention has been<br />
made of the cutting of steel risers. This may be done<br />
on the foundry floor where the castings are poured, or<br />
the work may be done at a specially assigned place.<br />
Filling in of blowholes, building up defective castings<br />
and repair of broken castings have also been, noted.<br />
There are numerous other things that can he done with<br />
oxy-acetylene or oxygen, such as scaling castings,<br />
cleaning ladles, burning salamanders, welding pipes,<br />
tools, structural shapes, machinery, guards, etc.<br />
In scaling castings a welding flame is applied to<br />
the refractory silica scale, wliich has a different expansion<br />
from that of the iron and cracks very readily,<br />
just as does the enamel of a bathtub when lieated.<br />
making it very easy to remove. This application<br />
does away with hammering and is a great time-saver.<br />
It also tends to make easier labor conditions in the<br />
foundry.<br />
Worn out or broken steel parts can be replaced or<br />
repaired by welding. Excellent pipe joints can be<br />
made and should always be welded where vibration<br />
is very pronounced. Machinery guards, safety rails,<br />
etc., are being made constantly by welding. The<br />
value of oxy-acetylene for tinkering around any plant<br />
having a machinist is such that a separate portable<br />
outfit "should be kept for the repair or emergency gang.<br />
The machinist who is assigned to this kind of work<br />
should be provided with literature on welding and cutting.<br />
What is said to be one of the best treatises available<br />
is the Oxweld Manual, which is published and<br />
distributed free bv the Oxweld Acetylene Co. of Newark,<br />
N. J., Chicago and San Francisco.<br />
Manv foundries assign production welders to do odd<br />
jobs. It is much better to have a regular shop master<br />
mechanic look after the shop work. For most of the<br />
work which requires expert manipulation competent<br />
men are now generally available.<br />
It should be borne in mind that while repairs to<br />
broken castings, even those of moderate size, occupy<br />
e nsiderable time and floor space, they are, in a great<br />
many instances, sources of savings that more than<br />
justifv the practice. The use of oxy-acetylene in<br />
'the foundry is susceptible of further profitable de<br />
velopment.<br />
THE ANNUAL REPORT of the Minister of Mines in<br />
the Province of British Columbia gives an account<br />
of the mining operations for gold, coal and similar<br />
materials. It is issued from the office of Minister<br />
of Mines Williani Sloan, Victoria, B. C. It consists<br />
of nearly 400 pages, includes a map of British<br />
Columbia, and then gives a report of what has been<br />
discovered and transpired and produced by the different<br />
mines in different sections.
METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20. 1920<br />
Fig. 1—General View in Shop.<br />
Shop Well Equipped for Big Output<br />
A Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Shop Which Through Efficient and Practical<br />
Arrangement Turns Out Regular and Special Work,<br />
Puttyless Skylights and Many Radiator Hangers<br />
IN the manufacturing section of Long Island City, uate engineer of Cooper Union, is in charge of the<br />
in the vicinity of the Queensboro Bridge and East estimating department.<br />
River water front, at 95 Webster Avenue, is lo Tiie one-story brick building occupied by this concated<br />
the busy sheet metal shop of A. H. Jeter & Co. cern sets on a corner plot of ground, 75 x 100 ft,<br />
This is where the Jeter wall radiator hangers and and faces the south. One half of the front of the<br />
Jeter's puttyless steel skylights and an extensive line structure is given over to the office, whieh is divided<br />
of architectural sheet metal work and special construction<br />
are produced.<br />
by the entrance hall, and to the drafting room. The<br />
rest of the frontage has been converted into a street-<br />
The managing personnel of this <strong>org</strong>anization is comlevel garage, large enough to shelter a motor truck<br />
posed of three experienced tinsmiths and a graduate and runabout. Directly back of the garage are the<br />
engineer. A. H. Jeter, president, served his apprenticeship<br />
in Rueben Burton's shop at Richmond, Va., and<br />
stock or store room and the hardware or miscellaneous<br />
stock room.<br />
then for 5 years was journeyman tinsmith with M. F. In the space back of the office and drafting room<br />
Westergren. Inc.. Xew York City. L. Parehefeld. Sr., is located the 48 x 75-ft. shop, which is commodious<br />
who is mechanical su<br />
ind well ventilated<br />
perintendent, learned<br />
and skylighted. A<br />
his trade in Germany<br />
general view in the<br />
and spent his first 14<br />
shop is given in Fig.<br />
years in the L'nited<br />
1 from the point and<br />
States as foreman of<br />
in the direction indi<br />
Kerven Co., N e w<br />
cated by the arrow A<br />
York. C. A. Taylor,<br />
in the plan of the<br />
secretary .-ind treas<br />
shop given in Fig. 2.<br />
urer of the company,<br />
From the floor plan<br />
was tutored in tin<br />
it will be noted that<br />
smithing by Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
at the southwest and<br />
de Mott. Englewood,<br />
northeast corners are<br />
N. J., and terminated<br />
shipping platforms<br />
12 years of service<br />
and, since the floor of<br />
with the New York<br />
the shop, as well as<br />
Central et Hudson<br />
that of the storeroom,<br />
River Railroad as su<br />
is 3 ft. higher than<br />
perintendent of heat<br />
the street level, it is<br />
ing, sheet metal and<br />
very convenient for<br />
plumbing of the Hud<br />
trucks to back up<br />
son. Harlem and Put<br />
to these exits and<br />
nam divisions. L.<br />
then to load or unload<br />
Parehefeld. Jr., gradmaterial.<br />
Fig.<br />
l of Shop Showing Location of Benches and Equipment.
AUCUST 20. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 23.<br />
Entering the shop from the entrance hall on the<br />
left is seen two 30-ft. work benches, while back of<br />
them, close to the wall, is the power-driven Frevert<br />
drill, followed by the Bliss power press, made by E.<br />
W. Bliss & Co., Brooklyn, N. Y.. shown in Fig. 3,<br />
from a point and in the direction indicated by the<br />
arrow B. This machine, with an angle iron stand<br />
on the left having rollers for facilitating the move-<br />
The Jeter Hanger for Wall Radiators.<br />
ment of the bars, can be fitted with different sizes<br />
of dies and is used to punch out the semi-circular<br />
ends and holes of the radiator hanger, such as that<br />
shown in Fig. 4.<br />
The hanger is made of VXin. thick wrought steel<br />
bars specially selected for the purpose. This endows<br />
it with a strength that insures holding the largest<br />
radiators without sagging to interfere with steam or<br />
hot water circulation. It is bent into final form,<br />
after being cut and punched in the press, in the 10-ft.<br />
Loy & Nawrath power brake shown in the background<br />
of Fig. 5 from a point and in the direction indicated<br />
by the arrow C.<br />
Along the remaining west side wall space beyond<br />
the Bliss press are placed more work benches and<br />
overhead is suspended a 10-h. p. electric motor, wliich,<br />
tlirougli pulleys and belting, supplies all the motive<br />
power that is required for the diffefent machines in<br />
the shop.<br />
Thc 10-ft. power brake shown in Fig. 5 is also<br />
used for bending molding and skylight parts and in<br />
thc foreground oi the same picture can be noticed<br />
the power-driven 10-ft. shears upon whicli all large<br />
sheets of metal are cut. Between these two machines<br />
is placed a convenient revolving bench.<br />
Fig. 5—View Showing<br />
Power Shears, Cornice<br />
Brake and Rolling Work<br />
Tables.<br />
East of these shears is a belt-driven 3-ft. crimping<br />
machine, while in the rear northeast corner is a 20-ft.<br />
rack of shelves, as shown in Fig. 1, for storing sheets<br />
of metal. Also along the east wall can be seen a<br />
Dreis & Krump 10-ft. hand brake and a Keene 4-ft.<br />
hand brake, while in close proximity to tliese may be<br />
discerned a Queen City and a Niagara 3-ft. squaring<br />
shears.<br />
In the center portion of the shop is mounted a<br />
power-driven mitre machine, shown in Fig. 6 from<br />
the point .and in the direction indicated by arrow D.<br />
This machine proves most useful in cutting mitres in<br />
bars and the other cutting operations required in making<br />
skylights. Note the rolling work bench in the<br />
foreground, the 3-ft. forming rolls to the left and at<br />
the extreme left in the background the Stiles foot<br />
punch mounted on a work bench. Finally two emery<br />
wheels and a grindstone complete the power-driven<br />
apparatus.<br />
Along the west wall of the storeroom i.s a steel bar<br />
rack for storing angles and bar iron, while the remaining<br />
wall space is utilized for similar orderly pur-<br />
Fig, j—The General Service Bliss Press and Racks Used in<br />
Making Raditor Hangers
240 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20. 1920<br />
Fig. 7—Smoke House For Virginia Cured Hams<br />
poses. In the hardware stockroom are shelves and<br />
small bins for the convenient storage of bolts, screws,<br />
nuts and miscellaneous supplies.<br />
A small part of the hardware stockroom has been<br />
commandeered for domestic purposes, since a sheet<br />
metal smokehouse for hams, as shown in Fio;. 7 bv<br />
Fig. 6—View Showing Miter Cutting Pres: Forming Rolls and Shop<br />
the arrow E on the plan, has been put up. And there<br />
the process is carried out under a smoldering sawdust<br />
or wood shavings fire, without anv inconvenience<br />
to and little attention from the workmen and thus<br />
-Mr. Jeter has introduced into Brooklyn Virginiacured<br />
hams.<br />
The many work benches shown in the illustrations<br />
and on the plans so facilitate the handling of the<br />
various operations required in the manufacture of the<br />
wall radiator hanger and the puttyless steel skylight<br />
that a relatively small force produces this entire output<br />
and enables the shop also to complete many advantageous<br />
contracts for special sheet metal work.<br />
Who Is on the Note?<br />
W H E N you loan money, it makes a lot of difference<br />
whose signature i.s on the back of the<br />
note as security. Tlie maker of the note may<br />
be perfectly solvent but every careful man wants a<br />
good endorser's signature on the back in case of<br />
.accident.<br />
Some years ago, Dan Feeny, a prospector and<br />
miner, came into a Western mining camp to raise a<br />
little money to develop a claim he had discovered and<br />
located. He sought the president of the local bank<br />
whom we will call McCaskell and told him that he<br />
was confident he could make the property a profitable<br />
producer if he could borrow $2,000 to develop it.<br />
"Do you know Hugh Wallace?" asked the banker,<br />
naming a mining engineer whom he knew was familiar<br />
with the district where Feeny's property was located.<br />
"Well, you go down to the Red Onion and you'll find<br />
Hugh out in front. You tell him about the property<br />
and say that if he'll endorse your note I'll lend vou<br />
the $2,000."<br />
Feeny departed and returned in half an hour with<br />
a face as long as the distance between Schenectady<br />
and Troy.<br />
"Did you see Hugh?" asked the banker. Feeny<br />
nodded. "What did he say?"<br />
Feeny hesitated a moment and then burst out: "He<br />
said: 'You go back and tell that old 6 per cent, nickel<br />
cuddler that if he'll endorse vour note, I'll lend vou<br />
$2,000 on it.' "<br />
You occupy exactly the same position as Wallace<br />
and McCaskell. When you invest money you want to<br />
be guaranteed that you will be paid in full. If you<br />
invest in Government obligations, such as Government<br />
Savings Stamps. Treasury Savings Certificates, and<br />
Liberty Bonds, you secure the best endorsement in the<br />
world, that of the American people. Every citizen,<br />
and every resource that they and country possess is<br />
back of that obligation to insure that it will be paid in<br />
full when due. While the above is for savers of money<br />
there is in it too good a point to be lost for the plumbing,<br />
sheet metal and heating contractor. It is that<br />
order tor work is not worth taking or having unless<br />
you know the customer will pay.
AUGUST 20, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Increase in Demand for Zinc Probable<br />
From Low Cost and Wide Adaptability<br />
Zinc a <strong>Metal</strong> of Many Valuable Properties<br />
Arthur D. Terrili<br />
Z I N C from our tri-state mines is having a farreaching<br />
effect upon the world's industry. A<br />
train of high-grade zinc concentrate seventy<br />
miles long cannot be put upon the market in one year<br />
at pre-war prices without greatly influencing mankinds<br />
of manufacture and the trend of inventive<br />
thought. This district is shipping twice as much zinc<br />
as ever before at the present price. An over-supply<br />
of any commodity as useful as zinc creates wider markets<br />
and new uses. Slowly yet surely the world is<br />
awakening to the fact that an enormous supply of<br />
zinc for many years to come may be depended upon<br />
at a very attractive price. Such knowledge will soon<br />
bring a readjustment in industry whereby increased<br />
production can be absorbed.<br />
This present year will see a big demand for zinc in<br />
England. With almost prohibitive fuel prices and<br />
damaged smelting works, the rest of Europe can<br />
scarcely supply itself. Since only two-thirds of the<br />
American retorts are now in operation, our zinc output<br />
can be much increased.<br />
So vast is the present demand of copper, lead and<br />
zinc that it takes more than a million tons of each of<br />
these metals to supply the world's markets.<br />
Zinc will always rank high among the indispensable<br />
metals. Each of the metals has properties peculiar to<br />
itself. Zinc has many. Each also has properties in<br />
common with other metals, and the question of supply<br />
and price determine the choice for each particular use.<br />
In both quantity and price zinc has such a decided advantage<br />
that it is steadily replacing several other<br />
metals in many of their uses, e. g., copper, nickel, tin<br />
and aluminum. The encouragement to use zinc with<br />
such a price advantage is very great.<br />
There are a thousand articles of hardware in which<br />
"General Manager<br />
Mineral Point Zinc Co , Depue, 111.<br />
By Arthur D. Terrili<br />
Use Zinc—You'll Find It Never Fails-<br />
For shitij ;les, sheathing, roofing, nails<br />
For flashings, ceilings, gutteis, rails;<br />
For brasses, bronzes, batteries, bails.<br />
l 7r T lioilers, wash boards, dinner pails:<br />
For rubber, barbed wire, foils flails:<br />
For glues, and dyes, and drugs for ails;<br />
I se Zinc—-You'll Find It Never Fails!<br />
For galvanizing, tubs, and pails;<br />
For sherardizing, coins, and nails;<br />
Desilvering, paints, and scales;<br />
Electrotyping, tires, and sails;<br />
Preserving wood, and saving jails;<br />
F T se Zinc—You'll Find It Never Fails!<br />
—Arthur D. Terrili<br />
zinc could be used to a greater extent tban at present.<br />
We must learn to use zinc. In Europe zinc finds its<br />
Roofing Among<br />
the Many<br />
Uses for Zinc<br />
greatest use in roofs, whereas in<br />
America zinc roofs have been practically<br />
unknown until the last few<br />
month.s. Research laboratories, advertising<br />
campaigns, "make it of<br />
zinc" buttons, zinc utensil exhibits and special films<br />
are all helping. However, knowledge of the fact that<br />
an abundance of zinc is going to keep the country supplied<br />
for years at a low price, will be one of the greatest<br />
incentives to the increased use of zinc.<br />
If a steady stream of metal is kept entering the<br />
markets of the world at a price which is only a fraction<br />
of the price of competing metals, it will be better<br />
for the tri-state district than boosting the price to<br />
new levels. Reduced cost by improved mining methods<br />
and increased milling efficiency are urgent needs.<br />
The United States Bureau of Mines and the experimental<br />
laboratory which we have reason to believe will<br />
materialize, is going to help. We would hail a price of<br />
$100 per ton for zinc concentrate as a great blessing.<br />
Pig Iron Shortage in Scotland<br />
Shortage of pig iron is seriously affecting the iron<br />
and steel trades in Scotland, according to Trade Commissioner<br />
Wilbur J. Page.<br />
"The astonishing statement that manufacturers in<br />
the iron and steel trades in Scotland could, with the<br />
orders that are on their books at the present time, use<br />
10 to 50 per cent more of finished and semi-finished<br />
steel and foundry iron is corroborated by leading firms<br />
in the industry," says Mr. Page. "The cause of this<br />
shortage in Scotland is the extreme scarcity of Scotch<br />
and Cleveland pig iron. '
242 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20. 1920<br />
Information Prepared by Pratt Institute at Request<br />
of International Molders' Union Tbat Will<br />
Be Widely Instructive<br />
A Study in Cupola Operation<br />
The announcement of a new course in Foundrv Practice at the<br />
Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y., in the International Molders' Journal<br />
brought manv letters to present it where practical men everywhere<br />
could benefit from it. The following is the first article to be presented<br />
in the Journal as compiled bv Richard M. Van Gaasbeek, head of<br />
Pratt foundry, and James M. Nichol of Local No. 22. who is in<br />
charge of the classes. This article was arranged from the writings of<br />
various authors by the instructors.<br />
IN preparing this study of cupola operation, thc<br />
text is intended to be used in conjunction with the<br />
practical operation of the cupola in the foundry.<br />
These questions and condensed answers are arranged<br />
Cupula<br />
to assist the student in understanding<br />
,A ,• t' le 5. With what material is the cupola lined?<br />
Fire brick and clay.<br />
(>. How many thicknesses of brick are generally<br />
used?<br />
Two.<br />
principles involved, to help him ex-<br />
Uperatton ,. ., , . ., ., .<br />
' press Ins ideas and to aid the instructor<br />
in knowing how thoroughly the subject is understood.<br />
1. What is a cupola?<br />
A vertical hollow shaft furnace usually of cylindrical<br />
section, in which pig iron is remolded for tiie pur<br />
7. How are they placed in the cupola?<br />
The lining is usually made of two thicknesses of<br />
arch brick placed on end with the flat sides in radial<br />
planes. The outer lining is kept about 'A in. away<br />
from the shell to provide for expansion and the interval<br />
is filled in loosely with sand and broken brick.<br />
pose of casting.<br />
8. Why should the lining be dried before meltinq<br />
2. A arne two examples or types of furnaces used in iron?<br />
foundry work? State wherein they differ.<br />
To prevent the excessive burning out of the lining<br />
The cupola where the metal and fuel are in intimate during a heat. Also prevents the great difference in<br />
contact. The reverberatory furnace where the metal is the expansion of the inner and outer parts of the cu<br />
melttd by a flame passing over it. which tends to minpola. The brick are laid with very close joints in<br />
imize the amount of oxidation in the metal.<br />
mortar composed of fire clay and sand.<br />
9. What is meant by daubing up?<br />
3. Into how many zones or divisions is the cupola<br />
divided?<br />
The cupola is divided into five zones, viz.:<br />
Thc crucible zone extending from the sand bottom to<br />
the tuyeres.<br />
The tuyere zone extending from the crucible zone to<br />
the melting zone.<br />
The melting zone reaching from the tuyere zone to a<br />
point about 20 in. above the tuyeres.<br />
The charging zone extending from the melting zoneto<br />
charging door.<br />
The stack extending from charging door to top of<br />
furnace.<br />
t. ll hat are the functions uf each zone?<br />
The object of the crucible zone is to hold the melted<br />
iron and slag.<br />
The tuyere zone is where thc blast enters in contact<br />
with tin fuel. Here combustion begins.<br />
The melting zone is where the melting occurs, no<br />
metal being melted above or below it. The melting<br />
occurs through the upper 1 to (i in. of this zone.<br />
The charging zone is tliat part containing the<br />
charges of iron and coke.<br />
The stack is the continuation of the cupola from<br />
charging door through the roof. Contracting tlle stack<br />
above the charging door has no influence upon the efficiency<br />
of the cupola.<br />
The process of repairing the lining of a cupola.<br />
10. With what mi.rture is the lining daubed?<br />
A mixture of y4 fire clay and % sharp sand for a<br />
thickness of : A in. Any joints are well filled.<br />
11. Why is daubing necessary?<br />
To restore the defective parts of the cupola lining<br />
.after a heat to the original lines as nearly as possible.<br />
12. What is the liottom or base plate used for.<br />
lor emptying the cupola at the end of a heat. The<br />
bottom is made in two or four sections according to the<br />
size of the cupola. It should have a dozen or more<br />
%-in. holes drilled through to allow any moisture in<br />
the bottom to escape. The doors are held in place by<br />
an iron post under the center which can readily be<br />
knocked out to drop the bottom.<br />
13. What is the sand liottom?<br />
The Layer of sand rammed upon the bottom doors<br />
ot the cupola to form a sloping hearth or crucible<br />
bottom.<br />
11. How is the sand bottom formed?<br />
The plates or doors are brushed over with clay<br />
water. The sand spread on them and evenly rammed.<br />
The best plan is to ram in courses 2 in. deep and tuck<br />
the sand into the empty spaces between the fire brick<br />
lining and the doors by means of the fingers. The
AUGUST 20, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 213<br />
whole of the bottom must be perfectly solid without<br />
being dead hard. If too hard or wet the molten iron<br />
will Blister or scab the sand, thereby leading to leakage.<br />
The bottom should slope in all directions toward<br />
the tapping hole, the slope being 1 in. in 1 ft. and it<br />
should reach the tapping hole exactly on a level with<br />
its lower surface. The bottom is then black washed.<br />
15. What is thc shell of the cupola?<br />
The riveted steel-plate structure forming the cylindrical<br />
container for refractory material used as a furnace<br />
lining.<br />
16. What is the wind box or air chamber?<br />
The chamber surrounding the cupola at the tuyere<br />
level to equalize the volume and pressure of the air<br />
delivered to the tuyeres.<br />
17. What relation exists between the area of the<br />
30. What determines the height of the tuyeres?<br />
The amount of iron to be melted at one tap.<br />
31. What height should the tuyeres be above the<br />
sand bottom?<br />
From 10 to 20 in. above the sand bottom, depending<br />
upon thc quantity of melted iron to be collected before<br />
tapping. Where the iron is allowed to run continuously<br />
from the spout and in foundries doing light work<br />
the tuyeres may be even lower than 10 in.<br />
32. What relation exists between the area of the<br />
tuyeres and the area of the cupola?<br />
Roughly, the tuyere area should be one-tenth the<br />
cross section of the cupola in small and one-seventh in<br />
large exemplars.<br />
33. What functions do the tuyeres perform?<br />
They are the governors. It is through them tliat life<br />
wind bo.r and the area of the tuyeres?<br />
and combustion is given to the fuel by rapidly sup-<br />
The area of the wind box should be three or four<br />
times the combined area of the tuyeres.<br />
p.ving air.<br />
31. What are the sight covers?<br />
18. Why should the area of the wind bo.r be Openings in the wind chambers covered by hinged<br />
greater than the area of the tuyeres?<br />
doors with windows made of mica to enable the at<br />
In order that there should be sufficient air reservoir tendant to inspect conditions inside the cupola during<br />
to permit a steady pressure.<br />
melting. If necessary a bar can be inserted to clean<br />
19. What is the blast pipe?<br />
the tuyers.<br />
The conductor through whicli air under pressure is 35. What is the breast?<br />
carried from the blower to the air chamber (wind box) The lining of the opening through wliich molten iron<br />
of the cupola.<br />
20. What is the blast?<br />
A strong artificial current of air.<br />
is drawn from a cupola.<br />
36. Ho-w is the breast formed?<br />
The breast is made by taking a mixture of one-half<br />
21. What is the function of the blast?<br />
molding sand and one-half fire clay, thoroughly mixed<br />
To help combustion.<br />
22. How is the air for the blast supplied?<br />
and just moist enough to be kneaded. A quantity of<br />
this is placed around a bar of the required diameter<br />
The air for the blast is supplied by centrifugal to form the tap hole. This is put on the bottom in<br />
blowers of the Sturtevant style or by positive pressure exact line with the slope and little pieces of coke cov<br />
blowers of the Root type.<br />
ered with clay placed about it and pressed togetlier<br />
23. For successful melting what pressure of air is tightly. The entire opening may be filled this way, the<br />
required?<br />
coke and clay being rammed into place. The idea is<br />
For successful melting a large volume of air at low to have a material that will resist heat and pressure<br />
pressure is required. From 8 to 10 ounces will usually as well as withstand the cutting- action of the molten<br />
be found sufficient, in no case should be allowed to exceed<br />
14 ounces.<br />
24. How many cubic feet of air per ton of iron<br />
metal.<br />
37. What is the tap hole?<br />
The opening in the breast of a furnace or cupola<br />
should be allowed?<br />
through which the molten metal is allowed to run out<br />
As a rule 30,000 cu. ft. of air per ton of iron is<br />
allowed. This is somewhat small, especially if the air<br />
over the spout.<br />
38. What is the spout?<br />
contains much moisture. 35,000 cu. ft. per ton is bet A channel casting bolted to the cupola. When lined<br />
ter practice.<br />
with refractory material, it forms the continuation of<br />
2.5. What effect does the pressure of tjie blast have the bottom and carried the metal from the ta]) hole to<br />
upon the castings?<br />
The castings produced by low blast pressure are<br />
the ladles.<br />
39. What is meant by slag?<br />
softer and stronger, the loss by oxidation is less, there A mineral refuse from the melting of metals, consist<br />
is less lag, less expenditure or power and less injury ing of earthy or mineral impurities.<br />
to the lining of the cupola.<br />
10. What is meant by slag hole?<br />
26. Does coke require less pressure than coal?<br />
An opening in the cupola slightly above the top level<br />
Coke requires less pressure than coal and more vol<br />
of thc molten metal to he held in it, through which the<br />
ume of air as well as greater tuyere area.<br />
slag is drawn off.<br />
27. What effect does too much blast have upon the<br />
•II. What is the charging door?<br />
mcial?<br />
An opening in the cupola through which the charges<br />
Too much air must be avoided as it reduces the temiierature<br />
of the cupola and may produce dull iron. are introduced.<br />
28. Should the maximum blast be applied at the 12. In preparing the cupola for melting how is the<br />
commencement of a heat?<br />
At the commencement the blast should be low and<br />
bed prepared for starting the fire?<br />
A bed of shavings is spread evenly over the bottom,<br />
gradually increased to the maximum<br />
cn this a layer of kindling wood, then enough cord<br />
29. Jrhat is a tuyere?<br />
wood in short lengths to come well .above the tuyeres.<br />
An opening in the body of the cupola through which<br />
the blast is forced into the fuel bed.<br />
The doors in the wind box or two or more of those
244 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20. 1920<br />
coverin the tuyeres should be left open to admit air blast is put on. to allow the charges in the stack to<br />
to the fire.<br />
become well lieated. The openings in the wind box<br />
43. How much wood should be used in starting the are closed immediately after starting the blast.<br />
fire?<br />
55. How soon will the molten iron appear at the<br />
Suflicient wood to set the coke burning rapidly. Any epont after the commencement of the blast?<br />
more than this only fills up the cupola with ashes and The molten iron will appear at the spout in from<br />
prevents the coke settling down in such a manner as 8 to 10 min. after the commencement of the blast.<br />
to give proper support to the iron when it is charged. 56. How much melted iron should the cupola fur<br />
1-1. How much coke should be used on the bed? nish ?<br />
The wood should be covered with coke from a depth In general, the cupola should furnish 20 lb. of<br />
of from 12 to 15 in.<br />
melted iron per niinute per square foot of area of the<br />
15. How is the fire lighted?<br />
melting zone.<br />
A torch or match is applied through the tap hole. 57. Hozc can two mixtures of metal in the same<br />
46. After the fire is lighted how much coke should heat he separated?<br />
be added to complete bed?<br />
If it is desired to change the mixture during a heat<br />
After the fire is lighted and the top of the coke bed an extra amount of coke put between the two kinds of<br />
becomes red, enough coke is added to bring the top of metal retards the heat sufficiently to insure the melt<br />
the bed 20 in. above the tuyeres when the wood has ing of the first mixture and its removal from the cu<br />
burned out.<br />
pola before the other mixture starts to melt, or, the<br />
47. What would be the effect of using too little iron in the cupola should be melted and tapped out.<br />
coke on the bed?<br />
The blast stopped and the bed renewed with coke.<br />
The iron, after commencement of heat, would be Another grade of iron is then charged up and all<br />
come dull, the cupola bunged up and the bottom may melted down.<br />
have to be dropped.<br />
58. For a long heat zAiat precautions should be<br />
48. What would be the effect of using too much matte in lining the cupola.<br />
coke on the bed?<br />
If the cupola is operated continuously during the<br />
The melting would be slow and dull.<br />
day it is necessary to line down to a smaller internal<br />
49. Horc is the necessary amount of coke on the diameter and use a correspondingly lower volume of<br />
bed determined?<br />
blast. Arrange for a smaller melting area per hour<br />
The necessarv amount of coke is determined by gag in order to have a thicker lining to fall back upon on<br />
ing the charging door.<br />
account of the demands made upon this by so long a<br />
50. What determines the subsequent charqes of heat.<br />
coke?<br />
59. JVhat is meant by melting losses?<br />
The subsequent charges of coke should be sufficient The melting loss in the cupola is the reduction in<br />
to locate the top of the melting zone about 20 in. above weight of the metal incident to the melting operation.<br />
the tuyeres.<br />
In a well-managed cupola it should not exceed 4 per<br />
51. What proportion of coke and iron between cent of the annual average.<br />
charges is considered good practice?<br />
60. What records should be kept by the melter or<br />
The amount of coke between each charge of the iron foreman?<br />
and the preceding one should be 10 per cent of the The cupola records should show the amount of fuel<br />
iron. It is not the best policy to run the risk of mak and metal charged and the analysis of the same. The<br />
ing a poor heat by cutting down the coke.<br />
hour and minute when charging began, when the first<br />
52. How often should the charges be continued? blast we put on and when the first iron ran over the<br />
The charges should be continued until the cupola spout and when the bottom was dropped. The num<br />
is filled to the charging door.<br />
ber of castings poured, the number of castings in re<br />
53. Should the coke and iron be distributed uniturns, scrap made, percentage of metal in castings,<br />
formly? Why?<br />
percentage of metal in returns and the percentage of<br />
In charging care must be taken to distribute both melting losses.<br />
iron and coke uniformly. The pig iron (broken) should 61. If hy are such records necessary?<br />
be charged first, beginning at the lining and proceeding<br />
toward the center, pigs should be placed sidewise<br />
They give the necessary information allowing a<br />
calculation of the melting rate, the melting ratio and<br />
to the lining. Next comes the scrap, if there are large<br />
pieces they should he placed in the center of the cu<br />
show whether the bed was right and form a basis for<br />
preparing charges for future heats.<br />
pola with the pigs surrounding them. The iron must 62. What is a foundry flux?<br />
be kept well around the lining and care exercised to<br />
avoid cavities. If the scrap is fine it must not he<br />
charged so closely as to impede the blast. After the<br />
iron comes the coke, which must be evenly distributed<br />
Any substance which promotes the melting of another<br />
is called a flux. It is added to the cupola<br />
charges to unite with sand, ash and dirt during the<br />
melting to form a slag.<br />
throughout. With irregular charging very unsatisfac 63. Why are fluxes used?<br />
tory results may be expected. It may not only cause When the molten iron is tapped away there re<br />
dull iron but also result in clogging up the cupola to mains within the cupola whatever sand and clav may<br />
such an extent as to stop the process of melting en have adhered to the metal and the ash of the fuel.<br />
tirely.<br />
When melting has progressed for some time, this<br />
54. How long after the fire is started is the blast refuse begins to give trouble in obstructing the proper<br />
put on?<br />
passage of the blast and eventually bungs up the<br />
The fire should be started about 2 hr. before the cupola. Hence it is necessary to get this material into
AUGUST 20, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 245<br />
a fluid form in order to remove it during the heat if<br />
it accumulates to an annoying extent.<br />
64. What is the principal fluxing agent used in<br />
the foundry?<br />
Limestone, it is the cheapest and best. It may be<br />
marble, soft limestone, hard limestone, oyster shells,<br />
muscle shells, but it must be good. There should be<br />
at least 51 per cent of lime present.<br />
65. What quantity of fluxing materials should be<br />
used?<br />
The qauntity of limestone used need not exceed 1<br />
per cent in ordinary cases, that is, with scrap not over<br />
30 per cent, of the mixture. Where the scrap is dirty<br />
and in great excess the quantity may have to be increased<br />
to 2 per cent.<br />
66. What is the bod?<br />
A cone-shape lump of clay attached to the end of<br />
an iron or wooden bod stick, used to close the tap bole<br />
of the cupola.<br />
67. What is the bod stick?<br />
The bod stick is an iron bar about 1 in. in diameter<br />
having at one end a flat disc of 2V2 in. in diameter.<br />
To this disc is attached the clay bod used in stopping<br />
up the tap hole.<br />
68. How is the tap hole closed?<br />
In stopping the stream of molten metal, the bod is<br />
placed above thc stream at the tap hole, i.s forced<br />
downward into the hole, squeezing off the stream.<br />
69. What is the tapping bar?<br />
A long steel rod with a wedge or pointed end used<br />
to remove the bod.<br />
Sheet Shortage in Canada<br />
The famine in black and galvanized sheets which<br />
has been under way in Canada for the past three or<br />
four month.s continues to hold the market in its grip.<br />
Some dealers say that new material is being received<br />
from time to time, but this is by no means sufficient<br />
to take care of the heavy orders they have on their<br />
books, and is being doled out in small quantities to<br />
consumers whose needs appear to be the most urgent,<br />
and by the time a few of these have been taken care<br />
of the supply on hand is exhausted and there are still<br />
a large number of customers who are forced to wait<br />
until another supply arrives. The shortage has now<br />
become so acute that manufacturers are unable to get<br />
anything like enough sheets to keep their plants going<br />
at full time and some are complaining that they have<br />
been forced to cease the production of certain articles<br />
THE PATH THAT LEADS<br />
To MONEY IN THE BANK<br />
ATTENTION cannot be drawn tc a good thing too often and<br />
opportunity is afforded for more tradesmen to become<br />
aware that the first article in every issue for several months<br />
will be devoted to ma 1 ing tradesmen masters of the art of<br />
selling and that the opening of the serial will be made in the<br />
issue of Friday, Sept. 3, instead of the date originally set.<br />
More money is made by the tradesman who has watched<br />
salesmen and found THE PATH THAT LEADS by adopting the same<br />
method. TO MONEY IN THE BANK<br />
Tradesmen have all the information to induce a man to<br />
buy except the art of salesmanship and once acquired they can<br />
keep a corps of men busy carrying out the contracts they make.<br />
This means the use of an immense quantity of goods<br />
where the most profit lies.<br />
You can readily find and follow THE PATH THAT gg*<br />
•_• -ii 4. i . ., ii> . ,.t1 TO MONEY IN THE BflNK<br />
lf you will not let a single selling artitle<br />
pass unread and if you have your employees study and<br />
observe what they teach, the people in your community will<br />
be better served and they will sing your praises.<br />
You have the information and all you want is activity<br />
and the sales art to wear a deep rut in THE PATH THAT LEADS<br />
TO MONEY (N THE BANK
216 METAL WOP, KER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20. 1920<br />
Business Profits Reduced When Truck Is Idle<br />
Important to<br />
Maintain Motor Truck Efficiency<br />
Regular Inspection of Storage Battery and Other Parts Essential<br />
T H E motor vehicle is a vital link in the successful<br />
development of a slieet metal or heating and<br />
plumbing business since goods must be taken from<br />
the transportation terminals and delivered to the job<br />
or shop and supplies, materials and tools carried<br />
from the shop to the job. Yet it is surprising to note<br />
how few managers and tradesmen have a regular and<br />
systematic inspection of their motor trucks or maintain<br />
a record of their performance.<br />
For efficient operation of the car or truck the electrical<br />
system must be in perfect working order and,<br />
since tlie storage battery is the heart of this system,<br />
of course it has to be taken proper care of.<br />
A storage battery is simply a device for storing<br />
energy at one time for use at another. Energy to<br />
m!,ny may be considered synonymous with electricity,<br />
but as electricity is not concrete mat-<br />
The Storage ter it cannot be stored. Therefore,<br />
Batteru electricity causes a chemical change to<br />
take place in certain substances when<br />
it is caused to now through them and these substances<br />
in endeavoring to return to their original state produce<br />
electricity. The process of putting energy into<br />
the battery is termed "charging" and when it is delivering<br />
energy it is "discharging."<br />
The storage battery, like the primary dry cell battery<br />
used for ringing door bells, consist of two kinds<br />
of plates covered by a solution which acts upon the<br />
plate in such a way as to give to one of them a tendency<br />
to deliver a current of electricity and to the<br />
other the tendency to draw in current. When a circuit<br />
between the plates is made like connecting them<br />
together witli a wire, there is a flow of electrical current<br />
through the wire due to the action between the<br />
plates and the solution.<br />
The storage battery, however, differs from the primary<br />
battery in that after the action of discharge<br />
has "taken place the plates and solution can be restored<br />
to their original or charged condition by sending<br />
a current of electricity through the batteries in a<br />
direction opposite to that of discharge. Thus a storage<br />
battery may be described as a "restorable"<br />
battery.<br />
There are two general types of storage batteries.<br />
The first is the lead-acid cell, such as the Exide, made<br />
by the Electric Storage Battery Co., Philadelphia:<br />
the Gould, the Gould Storage Battery Co., 30 East<br />
l-'ortv-second Street, New York City, and the Willard.<br />
the Willard Storage Battery Co., Cleveland, Ohio.<br />
The other type is the nickel-iron-alkaline cell, like<br />
the Edison, made by the Edison Storage Battery Co..<br />
Orange, N. J.<br />
The hrst tvpe uses lead plates ad a sulphuric acid<br />
solution, while the Edison battery has nickel iron<br />
plates immersed in an alkaline electrolyte.<br />
On automobiles with an electric starter the battery<br />
is used as a reservoir from which energy is supplied<br />
to crank the engine, light the lamps and supplv sparks<br />
for ignition. The energy so used is automatically<br />
restored by the car's generator when the engine is<br />
running faster than a certain speed. On cars without<br />
starters the battery serves the same purposes except<br />
cranking the engine, but the energy must be<br />
restored by disconnecting the battery from the system<br />
and giving it a bench charge.<br />
Here is what liappens when starting a car: By<br />
pressing the starting button a switch is closed so that<br />
current ean flow from battery to starting motor. The<br />
starting motor begins to turn, spinning the<br />
To Start engine and, if the ignition switch is closed;<br />
the Car the current flows to the coil and distribtor<br />
and finally to the spark plugs. The<br />
engine now turns under its own power and the starting<br />
motor is automatically disengaged. Current from<br />
the generator is being supplied to the battery so that<br />
it will be there available for lighting, ignition and<br />
restarting.<br />
No battery works alone, but when in service it is<br />
only part of the electrical circuit. Other parts are<br />
the generator, the starting motor, the distributor, the<br />
coil and the connecting wires. Every moving part<br />
has to be working properly or the battery suffers.<br />
There are three prime causes of trouble in the electric<br />
system: Loose connections, dirt and wear. Dirt<br />
or water in the distributor, worn motor or generator<br />
brushes, dirty spark plugs and a broken or short circuit<br />
in the wiring are all conditions to be guarded<br />
against.<br />
Just because the storage battery is snugly tucked<br />
away out of sight is no reason that it be out of mind.<br />
It requires very little attention but that<br />
Regular little is absolutely necessary and vital.<br />
Attention The importance of regular attention*can-<br />
Esscntial not be too strongly emphasized. Neglect<br />
and abuse to-day may not show up for<br />
weeks or months, but eventually the penalty is paid.<br />
These simple rules, if followed, should forestall<br />
most battery trouble:<br />
1. Keep plates just covered with solution<br />
and add only distilled water.<br />
2. Take hydrometer readings even' two<br />
weeks in the winter and weekly in summer and<br />
if thev are less than 1.150, recharge of battery<br />
is necessary. A reading between 1.150 and<br />
1.200 indicates half charged battery and, if there<br />
is no charging generator on the car. the battery<br />
must be recharged. Readings above 1,225 show<br />
battery is in working condition.
AUGUST 20. 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 247<br />
3. Keep connections tight .'ind covered with<br />
vaseline.<br />
1. Keep filling plugs tight and battery dry<br />
and clean.<br />
5. Watch for overheating, particularlv in<br />
summer. Danger point near at 100 deg. Fahr.<br />
In the winter time the tax on the battery is the<br />
heaviest. The days are short and often stormy. The<br />
nights are long and dark and the car lights are used<br />
more frequently. The engine is cold, the oil stiff and<br />
carburetion is slow. Therefore, it is harder to crank<br />
the motor and it requires more time. Generally the<br />
car is run at slower speed and for shorter distances so<br />
that the battery gets less current from the generator<br />
although it must give out more current to lights and<br />
starter.<br />
If the motor car is kept during the winter in an<br />
unheated garage, there is always the danger of the<br />
battery freezing. Therefore, frequent hydrometer<br />
readings should be taken and the battery kept charged<br />
to capacity. A temperature of 60 deg. below zero is<br />
required to freeze a fully charged battery of 1.260<br />
specific gravity, but a half-charged battery of specificgravity<br />
of 1.210 freezes at 20 deg. below zero, while<br />
a battery further discharged is in danger around zero<br />
weather.<br />
The institution of a regular and systematic inspection<br />
of all parts of the motor truck and the making<br />
of a record of its performance not only adds to the<br />
length of service received hut prevents the profits of<br />
the business being curtailed through truck breakdowns<br />
or forced idleness.<br />
Requirements for a Sanitary and Healthful Shop<br />
Efficiency of <strong>Worker</strong>s Increased by Provision of<br />
Good Clean Air and Proper Ventilation<br />
W I T H each passing year results are more forcibly<br />
impressing employers with the necessity of<br />
having safeguarded, healthful and comfortable<br />
conditions prevail in offices and workrooms in order to<br />
operate business at highest efficiency. In addition to<br />
general cleanliness and orderliness, pure air, freedom<br />
from dust and gas, adequate light, good drinking water,<br />
proper toilet rooms, wash rooms and lockers are<br />
essential, and they all have an influence on efficiency,<br />
says Bulletin No. -17, issued by the Federal Board for<br />
Vocational Education.<br />
In some places where there is no g_s or smoke good<br />
ventilation can be obtained by opening every window<br />
in the room at the top and bottom, thereby producing<br />
a circulation of air in and out and to avoid drafts, a<br />
12-in. board may be so attached at the top of the sash<br />
alt an angle of* 45 deg. as to extend 1 in. above it,<br />
wliile a similar board should be placed vertically on<br />
the window sill about 2 in. back from the sash.<br />
Each room should be provided with a thermometer<br />
and a temperature of 60 to 65 deg. should be maintained<br />
where active work is being done, while for<br />
sedentary work 68 deg. is advisable.<br />
In the' average foundry or f<strong>org</strong>e shop good ventilation<br />
can be secured if the roof is sufficiently high and<br />
there is adequate window space on the sides and a<br />
spacious monitor extending through the center of the<br />
building.<br />
• ust ur o-as condition in a shop, no matter how bad,<br />
can be eliminated by a properly designed exhaust system,<br />
which catches the fumes as near the place of<br />
origin as possible by a suitably de-<br />
To Eliminate signed enclosure or hood and prevents<br />
Bust and Gas them from becoming disseminated in<br />
the air. For buffing and polishing<br />
wheels the sides of the hood should cover at least the<br />
back half of the wheel, as determined by a vertical<br />
.ine drawn through the axis. The top should be so<br />
constructed tbat it comes as close to the wheel as possible<br />
when the latter is new and be provided with an<br />
adiustable guard or slide wliich can be lowered as the<br />
surface of tlie wheel wears down.<br />
A hood without a catch basin is recommended as<br />
more efficient. The outlet pipe of the nood should be<br />
attached at an angle of 45 deg. to the vertical and an<br />
adjustable apron should be attached at the mouth of<br />
tiie hood witli its farthest point not closer than 4 in.<br />
to the nearest point of the wheel.<br />
On buffing and polishing wheels 4 in. or less in<br />
width, the hood should be 6 in. wide, while on wheels<br />
larger the hood should be not less than 2 in. or more<br />
than 3 in. wider than the wheel.<br />
The general construction of a hood for grinding<br />
wheels is the same as for buffing wheels, except that<br />
it must be made sufficiently strong to sustain the shock<br />
of an explosion and the top should extend forward not<br />
Vss than 25 deg. beyond a vertical line drawn through<br />
the axis of the wheel. Where heavy grinding is done<br />
a h -od with a catch basin is desirable.<br />
The following sizes of inlet pipes are recommended<br />
for hoods on grinding, buffing and polishing wheels:<br />
Diameter of Wheel Diameter of Pipe<br />
0 to 10 in. 3 to 4 in.<br />
HI to IS in. 4 to 5 in.<br />
IS to _4 in. .5 to 6 in.<br />
Over 24 in. 6 in.<br />
The smaller sizes of pipes specified above are for<br />
light work and where the hood covers two-thirds of<br />
the wheel. The inlet pipe should be attached to the<br />
main pipe at an angle of 15 deg. The area of the<br />
main pipe should equal the combined area of the inlet<br />
pipe plus 20 per cent. The main pipe should be<br />
placed below the hood and as close to the wheels as<br />
possible. A cut-out gate should be provided in each<br />
inlet pipe.<br />
A sanitary toilet room is a prime necessity and<br />
should be so Incited as to open to the outside light<br />
and air. Four square feet of window space should be<br />
provided for one water-closet or urinal and 2 sq. ft.<br />
for each additional fixture. Individual water-closets<br />
with howls made of vitreous china are the best and<br />
one closet should be provided for every twenty emiiloyees.<br />
It is desirable to have the partitions between
METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 2D, 1920<br />
closets 5 to 6 ft. high with 6 to 12 in. open space at<br />
the bottom and a dwarf door provided for each compartment.<br />
Many toilet rooms are made insanitary by<br />
poor urinals. The full-length ruinal made of earthenware<br />
proves quite satisfactorv and one should be provided<br />
for every forty men employed.<br />
Every plant should be provided with adequate washing<br />
facilities and one outlet for every six employees<br />
is a good standard. Common towels should be provided.<br />
Clothing lockers should occupy a separate room<br />
and the ventilated steel type is the most sanitary.<br />
Pure drinking- water with faucets placed conveniently<br />
for the workmen is essential to efficiency in a<br />
shop. The common drinking cup should be prohibited,<br />
while sanitarv bubbling fountains should be provided<br />
and the cup should be so constructed as not to<br />
serve as a container, thus compelling the employees<br />
to "bite the bubble." The jet or discharge stream<br />
of water should be at a small angle with the vertical.<br />
Keeping all parts of the building and the surrounding<br />
grounds clear of rubbisli and dirt is not only an<br />
aid to health, accident and fire prevention, but sets a<br />
good example for the employees to follow, particularly<br />
when waste receivers are plentifully supplied.<br />
Reviving an Old Maxim<br />
'By Edward Hautt '<br />
THERE apparently occurs every so often a time<br />
when the community or the individual must submerge<br />
personal issues and consider the effect<br />
which their acts will have upon society as a whole.<br />
The present time calls for a most liberal application<br />
of the Golden Rule not only in the building business,<br />
but in the business of the world.<br />
Nations should pause in their greedy scramble for<br />
new territory while the getting is good to ask themselves:<br />
"Is it wise to take advantage of what is apparentlv<br />
an opportunity to profit by the inability of<br />
our opponents to resist?" Similarly in our own particular<br />
business, should not contractors ask themselves:<br />
"If I were compelled by necessity to build to-day,<br />
would I feel fairly treated if I had to pay the prices<br />
demanded?" Should not material producers and dealers<br />
say to themselves: "Is it right for me to ask the<br />
public under the stress of emergency produced by war<br />
conditions to pay the prices I am asking?" And the<br />
building mechanic ask himself: "If I were compelled<br />
to build would I wish to give the rate of pay for the<br />
service which I am giving.''''<br />
In each case tlie answer probably would be "No."<br />
But until the various interests throughout the world,<br />
whether national, state, municipal, group or individual<br />
employer or employee, so order their demands upon<br />
the rest of humanity, that they ask no more than they<br />
would voluntarily give in the same case, we shall have<br />
strife and turmoil in every department of society. In<br />
other words, if the individual will lay aside self-interest,<br />
and work for the community as a whole, conditions<br />
will soon become normal.<br />
There is nothing new in the problem of human existence.<br />
To-day's problems are only a recurrence of<br />
what has gone before. Disputes have always been<br />
*Strobel Steel Construction Co., Chicago.<br />
adjusted by one side or the other wielding to either<br />
force or persuasion. Therefore, why not clarify the<br />
present unsettled condition by anticipating what is<br />
surely coming to pass, by giving up untenable demands<br />
for intolerable conditions and by going ahead<br />
cn the principle that what is objectively good for the<br />
other fellow is subjectively good for us? Some one<br />
must make the start. Why not do it now? Stabilize<br />
our own industry, and if possible, set an example to<br />
the rest of the world?—Bulletin of Associated General<br />
Contractors.<br />
Must Solve Our Own Problems<br />
First<br />
MEMBERS of the engineering professions were<br />
recently told by Herbert C. Hoover that if<br />
America is to contribute to the cause of civilization,<br />
it must first solve its own problems. He declared<br />
that both national and world problems were<br />
predominately economic. "We are swamped with<br />
debt," he said, "and burdened with taxation. Credit<br />
is woefully inflated and speculation and waste are<br />
rampant."<br />
Every economist agrees that the solution of these<br />
economic problems, important and so pressing in the<br />
affairs of the nation, depends on thrift, wise buying,<br />
elimination of waste and extravagance and on saving<br />
and safe investment, preferably in Government savings<br />
cpr-n-itjps.<br />
Yet the same papers which reported Mr. Hoover's<br />
conclusions carried news that $1,600,000 worth of furs<br />
had been sold that same dav at prices showing an average<br />
of over 50 per cent, over tliose recorded last fall.<br />
The manufacturers and those who receive these extraordinary<br />
puce, a.,._: "Weil, what are you going to<br />
do about it?"<br />
There is but one thing for the public to do about<br />
high prices. That is. for eaeh individual to buy no<br />
more than actual necessity demands until such prices<br />
have been abolished. The reduction in demand for<br />
luxuries and non-necessities thus secured will mean<br />
an increase in production of real necessities with a<br />
consequent price reduction right down the line.<br />
If the money thus conserved is put into Government<br />
savings securities, such as Government Savings<br />
Stamps and Treasury Savings Certificates until prices<br />
fall, the money will be kept safe, it will yield a profit<br />
and will be ready for use when the purchasing power<br />
ot the dollar has returned to normal.<br />
Profits come to the man who takes advantage of<br />
sure opportunities. Buy Liberty Bonds NOW, while<br />
market prices are favorable. They are "backed by the<br />
nation's strength."<br />
You CAN'T LOSE the handsome profits due you if<br />
you buy Liberty Bonds at present market prices and<br />
keep them until maturity. The wealth and credit<br />
of the nation are pledged to their redemption at par.<br />
'Aery well." said Mohammed to the Liberty Bond.<br />
"If I can't sell you at par I will buy some of you at<br />
present bargain prices !" Whereupon he went and did<br />
thus, and eventually took profits accordingly. And<br />
his action became a tradition among men.
AUGUST 20. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 249<br />
This is the Place to submit your perplexing<br />
problems— the place to<br />
gather and to scatter Information.<br />
SEK<br />
FROM L. A. W., Los ANGELES, CAL.—On looking<br />
over the article on page 27 of METAL WORKER, PLUM<br />
BER AND STEAM FITTER of July<br />
Patterns for 9, 1920, for a pattern for spiral<br />
Spiral Chute chute, I am surprised at Fig. 3.<br />
Around Cylinder The pattern as given is impos-<br />
.: sible, as I have shown in one<br />
corner of my sketch. I have developed this pattern<br />
by triangulation without twist.<br />
ANSWER: The sketch sent in by our correspondent<br />
shows the two ends of the pattern shape in Fig. 3<br />
joined together, making an abrupt break, thus indicating<br />
that our correspondent traced the pattern as it<br />
appears on page 29, and joined the two ends together,<br />
but failed to read in the text the cause of this exaggerated<br />
taper along the lines J-E and H-F. For his<br />
benefit as well as for others, who only look at the cuts<br />
and do not read the text, the following will clear up<br />
any misunderstanding. The problem is one where the<br />
elbow sections are to be made from heavy metal and<br />
one end had to fit inside of the other, thus requiring<br />
a slight taper at the ends of the pattern shape, greatly<br />
exaggerated in Fig. 3. In so small a drawing as<br />
shown on page 29 this taper could not be shown and<br />
it was for this reason that the difference was exaggerated<br />
in diameters between the neutral diameter<br />
of the small end and the neutral diameter of the large<br />
end, as shown respectively by the profiles h and i<br />
above the pattern shape in Fig. 3. The girth of the<br />
small diameter was placed on the line C-l) and the<br />
girth of the large diameter on the line T-G, causing<br />
the exaggerated taper from J to E and II to 1 m<br />
the pattern. Knowing that this exaggerated taper<br />
might cause misunderstanding, there was mentioned<br />
in the text on page 29, second column, tenth line from<br />
the bottom the following caution: "Note the taper<br />
from J to E and H to F whicli is greatly exaggerated.<br />
so as to show the principles involved." Instead of<br />
our correspondent reading the text, he simply traced<br />
the pattern, as shown in Fig. 3, joined the two ends<br />
J-E and H-F and of course had an irregular break.<br />
As before-mentioned, this exaggerated taper was put<br />
in to show the principles involved in allowing for<br />
the lapped joint for No. 10 or 9-64-in. thick metal.<br />
FROM F. R., VERMONT—While in the home of one<br />
of my customers the owner's wife was complaining of<br />
the excessive heat, most of which was caused by the<br />
kitchen range and, as they had an oil stove for the<br />
cooking, the range fire was necessary only because of<br />
the need of hot water.<br />
This furnished lead for me to suggest that if she<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
-ma_AHS<br />
would have a kerosene water heater installed it would<br />
eliminate the need of thc fire in the range and supply<br />
all the hot water wanted. I suppose the wiseacres<br />
would say that I took advantage of<br />
Hot JVater With- the psychological moment, but I<br />
out the Heat of would go a little further than that<br />
a Kitchen Fire and say that 1 read the METAL<br />
WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER and therefore knew of the things needed for<br />
my customer's wants. I got the job and installed a<br />
two-burner Perfection water lieater, as shown by the<br />
accompanying illustration.<br />
Arrangement .7<br />
Two-Burner Perfection<br />
Water<br />
Heater.<br />
I took off the drain faucet and put a nipple and<br />
tic in the line at that point and put the faucet back<br />
in the end of the tee. From the other outlet I ran<br />
%-in. galvanized pipe to bottom connection of water<br />
heater. From tin top of the water lieater I ran flow<br />
pipe up to and connected with the hot water line just<br />
as it left the boiler.<br />
I put the heater up higher than I wanted to, as my<br />
customer wanted the oil burners up away from the<br />
floor draft. While this makes it heat a little slower,<br />
the water, on leaving the heater, is some hotter on<br />
account of the slower circulation. It is working to<br />
the satisfaction of my customer and she has recommended<br />
her friends to have the same kind installed by<br />
me. It is just one more case where I have found it<br />
{Continued on pnije 262)
METAL WORKER, PLUMRER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20. 1920<br />
The Editorial Page<br />
Outings in thc Trade The Buyer Becoming Careful<br />
T H E R E is room for only one opinion about trade<br />
outings, and that is, that they arc a good thing<br />
for the tradesmen and their customers. A custo<br />
mer has a great deal more respect for the man who<br />
shuts up his establishment once a year and takes a<br />
day off with his fellow tradesmen to make their ac<br />
quaintances, to establish more firm friendships and to<br />
exchange information from whicli the customer will<br />
benefit. This impression is more deep and lasting on<br />
the man who may come to the establishment for some<br />
thing to be done and go to another and another and<br />
then find that in all the windows there is a notice of<br />
the outing of the association of which the tradesman<br />
is a member. That man will realize then that these<br />
notices have been banging in front of him for some<br />
time and he should have timed his visit to suit the con<br />
veniences better. One of the gifeat difficulties or<br />
drawbacks to a general smooth running of a trade<br />
and the cause of friction and unnecessary competition<br />
and price cutting is the lack of personal acquaintance<br />
and sound confidence among the tradesmen in the<br />
same line. The great need all through life as it is<br />
lived under the present conditions is more mingling<br />
with the fellowman. The feeling of brotherly interest<br />
interferes with the narrow-minded criticism that some<br />
times is offered of the man with whom you are com<br />
peting for the business. If you know him well and<br />
have a kindly interest in his welfare, when somebody<br />
comes along and says his prices are very much below<br />
yours, your very knowledge of his every-day life en<br />
ables a serene feeling in spite of the reported cause<br />
for exasperation. You know that the man is incapable<br />
of the things which are reported about him. A sound<br />
friendship will insure your being able to go to his<br />
shop and get the things you want when you are in<br />
special need. You will know also that he will send<br />
you a good workman under certain stress if you have<br />
to have one. It will also prepare you to make like<br />
sacrifices for his benefit. This is the reported result<br />
from all sections of the country of thc friendships<br />
formed at many outings and is the reason that outings<br />
occur every year and are encouraged by the sounder<br />
members of tin- trade because they know there will<br />
be benefits for .ill. particularly when there is a feeling<br />
of unrest .'ind suspicion abroad in the world which<br />
may creep in among those in the same field.<br />
E V E N in repairs it is becoming customary for<br />
those who need the services of the plumber, the<br />
heating contractor or the sheet metal worker to<br />
ask for a bid on the work tliat is needed. Prices<br />
have advanced so much in the labor and in many ma<br />
terials that those who do not take precautions in<br />
knowing cost in advance have felt that they have been<br />
bitten. Therefore, as the result of their talk with<br />
others and their previous experiences, they are insist<br />
ing on knowing in advance what will be the expense<br />
for necessary repairs. In many instances after the<br />
price is given as correctly as it is possible under the<br />
circumstances, the price has been considered too high<br />
and the order has been withheld for the needed work.<br />
This situation is being quite widelv reported. It en<br />
tails upon contractors in this field the necessity of do<br />
ing needed publicity work to make it clear to buyers<br />
why it is impossible to quote anything like the old<br />
prices under present conditions. They should fa<br />
miliarize themselves with the governing factors so as<br />
to be able to make it clear that a wait or delay will<br />
bring little relief and may entail further expense to<br />
put the property in proper condition to withstand the<br />
ravages of time and weather.<br />
Too little educational work has been done in our<br />
field by those engaged in it. In consequence, the pub<br />
lic entertains feelings of suspicion for which there<br />
are no grounds, except the neglect to make everybody<br />
familiar with the situation. While first-class skilled<br />
workmen were formerly employed from $4 to $6 a day,<br />
now $10 to $12 a day is nearer the wage for much<br />
less skillful and efficient workmen. The prices of<br />
many materials show as much as a 50 per cent ad<br />
vance and some very much more.<br />
The man who lias kept his trade papers and can<br />
turn to the markets of a year ago and the present time<br />
can make it very clear to his customers that his prices,<br />
while very burdensome to those who must have work<br />
done, are nevertheless absolutely fair and give prom<br />
ise of holding for some time yet to come. Those who<br />
neglect to do such educational work naturally run<br />
into some disagreeable experiences and an occasional<br />
loss of a customer.
AUGUST 20, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 251<br />
News of the<br />
TRADE ASSOCIATIONS<br />
Western Trade Golfers Meet at Kenilworth<br />
Good Scores and Close Competition Mark Thc Day<br />
Next Meet At Riverside, 111., Aug. 31<br />
A day of real sport was enjoyed by forty-four<br />
members and guests of the Western Trade Golf Association<br />
at the North Shore Golf Club, Kenilworth,<br />
111., on Tuesday, Aug. 10. liven though Old Sol did<br />
not make his appearance until late in the morning, and<br />
little showers dampened the turf during the qualifying<br />
round, the enthusiasts did not let it interfere with their<br />
pleasure and were finally rewarded with an ideal day.<br />
Some excellent scores were turned in at the end of<br />
the morning round, E. J. Ewing shooting a 37, which<br />
is only 2 above par for the 9 holes, while "Sandys''<br />
guest, J. G. Miller, shot the 9 in par.<br />
All did justice to an excellent luncheon, served in<br />
the club house at noon, after which the foursomes were<br />
made up for afternoon play. The rivalry was keen<br />
and some good scores were made for the association<br />
cup and flight prizes.<br />
Bill Byrd did the 18 holes with a gross of 95, and<br />
his handicap of 29 gave him a net of 66; so that the<br />
association cup was his. Two incidents during the<br />
MORNING QUALIFYING ROUND<br />
Gross Handicap net<br />
C. E. Hastings 46 9 37<br />
F. D. Keeler -II 3 38<br />
It. E. Keeler 51 12 39<br />
1. G. Miller (Guest) 37 2 35<br />
"H. E. Harper 61 15 49<br />
II. M. Algeo • 61 15 46<br />
F. Curtis (Guest) 61 15 46<br />
E. W. Sanborn 46 10 36<br />
L. B. Fulton _ 14 34<br />
H. W. Booth 55 15 4f)<br />
W. W. Wickersham 43 7 .'6<br />
J. E. Sharp 53 9 44<br />
C. C. Choate 55 IS .40<br />
A. S. Lindeblad 57 15 42<br />
los. Carroll 52 8 44<br />
H. II. Shaw 46 6 40<br />
Wm. Byrd 50 14 36<br />
K. Collings •• 46 10 , 38<br />
G. \V. Christopher 48 10 38<br />
F. S. Crumley .48 15 33<br />
C. R. Elliott 53 13 40<br />
A. L Ewing 42 6 36<br />
C. M. Sherrill 53 13 40<br />
.E. C. Garritv 60 15 45<br />
K. C. FHndef 47 10 37<br />
W. E. McCullem 65 15 50<br />
Hugh Witney 47 10 37<br />
G. J. Meyer 55 15 40<br />
D. E. McCabe 46 10 36<br />
I. P. Dugger 53 15 38<br />
F. P. Keeney 45 9 36<br />
C. P. Herbert 45 " 9 3s<br />
H. Evans 55 . 15 , 40<br />
M. T. Czarnccki 44 8 36<br />
... H. Blatchford -.. 44 8 36<br />
Paul Blatchford 48 9. 38<br />
VV. B. Dale 46 14 39<br />
I,. R. Taylor 45 6 39<br />
Martin Weil 61 15 46<br />
water hazard on the course.<br />
A fine dinner was enjoyed in the. evening, and<br />
Vice-President Wickersham served as master of ceremonies<br />
in the absence of President Little. When it<br />
was announcd that Bill Byrd had won the association<br />
cup, he "arose to the occasion and launched the trophy<br />
appropriately." The winners of flight prizes were as<br />
Left Top—M. J. Czarniecki Driving: Off. Right—Shtir-<br />
Tite Curtis at the Tee. Below—H. Evans, B. C. Garrity.<br />
H. B. Sherrill and A. S. Lindeblad.<br />
follows: F. S. Crumley, C. P. Flerbert, H. E. Keeler.<br />
F. D. Keeler, M. J. Czarniecki, C. Elliott, J. P. Dugger,<br />
P. M. Munn, F. P. Keeney and A-. J. Ewing.<br />
The host of the day, C. E. Hastings, with a net<br />
score of 70, was presented with the gue.st prize, a<br />
silver metal fob of the association, and the board of<br />
directors of the North Shore Golf Club was given an<br />
unanimous vote of thanks for the courtesy extended<br />
the association.<br />
Both E. C. Garrity and H. M-. Algeo had a gross<br />
score of 129 for the 18 holes, so were tied for the<br />
Duffers' Cup.' This tie will be played off at the next<br />
meet.<br />
Six new members were elected and-arc J. E. Sharp.<br />
Milwaukee; Henry O'Callaghan, O. C. Steen, Albert<br />
day's play besides thc winning of the cup will serve Webb, Paul Johnson and A. T Marten. • _,.-.<br />
to make it a memorable day. For one thing, he has The next tournament of the association' will be :oti<br />
been promised that an ojieration will be performed Aiigust-31 at Riverside. 111., and at this meet-"Dick"<br />
on that handicap. Then at the fourth hole his ball Collings will donate a- non-electric vacuum cleaner-to<br />
bit the tee marker and landed in the water pail at the<br />
tee box, so that Bill put a new (and the only one)
METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER Ana sr 20. 1920<br />
be played for in blind bogy between 70 and 100.<br />
J. E. Sharp invited the association to play at the<br />
AFTERNOON PLAY IN FOURSOMES<br />
Gross Handicap net<br />
Frank S. Crumlev (winner) 98 30 65<br />
I.. B. Fulton 98 28 70<br />
I. G. Miller 79 5 74<br />
\V. B. Dale 100 28 78<br />
Wm. Bvrd (cup winner) 95 29 66<br />
C. P. Herbert (winner) 87 18 69<br />
D E. McCabe 100 21 79<br />
E. W. Sanborn 100 30 80<br />
H. E. Keeler (winner) 98 24 74<br />
R. C. Flinder % 21 75<br />
II. E. Whitney 97 20 77<br />
(.. E. Hastings 88 18 -0<br />
F. D. Keeler (winner) 81 6 75<br />
L. R. Taylor «5 12 i3<br />
Paul Blatchford 93 18 75<br />
Richard Collings Did Not Finish<br />
M. 1. Czarniecki (winner) 87 16 71<br />
X. H. Blatchford 96 25 71<br />
C. C. Choate 112 30 82<br />
H. W. Booth 113 30 83<br />
C. Elliott (winner) 90 24 72<br />
II. W. Evans 102 36 72<br />
C. M. Sherrill 101 26 75<br />
C. J. Meyer 113 30 82<br />
I. P. Dugger (winner) 98 24 74<br />
1. E. Sharp 90 24 72<br />
A. S. Lindeblad 106 30 76<br />
los. Carroll 106 16 90<br />
P. M. Munn (winner) 104 30 74<br />
II. E. Harper Ill 30 81<br />
Frank Curtis 112 30 82<br />
RH. M. Algeo 129 30 99<br />
V P. Keeney (winner) 114 30 84<br />
Martin Weil 118 30 88<br />
W. E. McCollum 123 30 90<br />
E. C. Garrity 129 30 99<br />
A. I. Ewing (winner) 80 13 67<br />
H. 'Shaw 84 12 72<br />
W. W. Wickersham 91 15 76<br />
G. W. Christopher 101 18 83<br />
Wm. T. Brace 101 30 7<br />
U. L. Ottke 83 12 7<br />
T. Martin 112 30 82<br />
exhibition of material or to make room reservations<br />
for those who intend to attend the meeting. It is<br />
expected that it will be a large meeting because the<br />
officers of some 300 cities have receiv id from President<br />
Groeniger a letter explaining the i bject and purpose<br />
of the meeting and the desirab ity of having<br />
their plumbing inspector or city sai itary engineer<br />
attend the meeting.<br />
Chicago <strong>Plumber</strong>s Enjoy Outing<br />
Large Attendance at Enjoyable Gathering at<br />
Michigan City, Ind.<br />
F'our hundred master plumbers, their ladies, children<br />
and guests heeded the call of President C. W.<br />
Alcock to see what Ernie Wagner and his staff had<br />
in store for them at the outing of the Chicago Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Assoeiation at Michigan City, Ind., on<br />
Aug. 12.<br />
The crowd gathered early and found points of vantage<br />
to enjoy the sail. The committee lined the dock<br />
and were solicitous for everyone's comfort. There<br />
was a capacity crowd aboard and when the steamer<br />
Florida shored off Secretary Peter Munn, Charley<br />
Drier and about 25 others were not on board. It was<br />
a great disappointment and as National Vice-President<br />
Joe Cannon said, "All the regular fellows were<br />
left behind." But were the "R. F." downhearted?<br />
Nix. They waved good-by and trotted down to the<br />
railroad station, climbed on the "rattler" and arrived<br />
just as the steamer was warped into her berth at<br />
Michigan City. Some connection and reunion.<br />
Past National President Pat. Murphy expressed<br />
great concern for Ernie Wagner's safety and said that<br />
Blue Mound Golf Club, Milwaukee, some time in Sep he'd try the case promptly.<br />
tember, and Frank D. Keeler asked the club to play<br />
On the boat the older folks enjoyed the breeze or<br />
on the Rockford Country Club course. Both invi<br />
played cards while the younger ones danced to sharpen<br />
tations were accepted.<br />
Sanitary Engineers" Program<br />
their appetites. Another group forward sang popular<br />
as well as old-time songs with "Bill" Gawne con<br />
Interesting Papers To Be Read At Annual Meeting<br />
ducting.<br />
In St. Louis<br />
The first thought on landing was "let's eat," so<br />
Through the courtesy of President William C. lunches were quickly spread out under trees in the<br />
Groeniger of the American Society of Sanitary En park beside the lake and the good things disappeared<br />
gineers, a look-in is enjoyed on the program for its in short order. The beach attracted many, who found<br />
meeting in St. Louis Sept. 7. 8 and 9. Papers or the water fine and the sun hot—a 'most enjoyable<br />
addresses will be read or made by William J. Woolley and satisfying combination.<br />
of the Trade Extension Bureau, Evansville, Ind.; Ed. Benning, state president, was admiring the<br />
W. W. Hughes, a prominent plumber of Minneapolis, sand dunes in company with W. C. Haviland, state<br />
Minn.; Frank R. King, state plumbing inspector for secretary, who absented himself from his new office in<br />
Wisconsin ; Aden F_. Smith, state plumbing inspector Aurora for a day's fun with the Chicago boys. He<br />
for Ohio; Professor W. S. Dibble, of the Carnegie said that he had witnessed a marvelous sight-—Presi<br />
Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Thomas J. dent Benning tackling a beef steak and marveled at<br />
Claffy, assistant chief of the Bureau of Sanitation, his capacity and continuing slim figure. Judgment<br />
Chicago. 111.; A. C. Shaver, building and plumbing- was asked of C. H. Bishop, Domestic Engineering,<br />
inspector of Pasadena, Cal.; and Harvey A. Call, and A. V. Hutchinson, METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
associate editor of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
STEAM FITTER, a paper entitled "The Value of the<br />
Trade Press to the Sanitary Engineers."<br />
STEAM FITTER, and they decided the president carried<br />
it well and looked comfortable.<br />
The warning whistle interrupted Chas. Taffe's last<br />
While the president is doing this work from head root beer, but he said he was satisfied. Four o'clock<br />
quarters, 8 East Chestnut Street, Columbus, Ohio, found the 400 on their homeward way, including the<br />
arrangements are also being made for the meeting iu "lost" 25.<br />
St. Louis by Stephen H. Gilmore, who has already Quoits and other games amused many, wliile the<br />
planned for the headquarters to be the American An children had great sport with Charley Bishop's<br />
nex Hotel, southeast corner Sixth and Market Streets, balloons.<br />
St. I.ouis. and is prepared to make arrangements for Dancing was resumed and the wind shipped up a
AUGUST 20, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMRER AND STEAM FITTER 253<br />
little choppy sea that brought out new dance steps for mittee announcement that the annual outing for tlie<br />
their first public appearance, causing as much fun for families of the members will be held in Maywood<br />
the spectators as the participators.<br />
Grove, Fairwood, N. J., on Saturday, Aug. 21. Tlie<br />
Old acquaintances were improved and new friends committee in charge consists of A. C. Krieger, C.<br />
made and the dav was a great success from every Steller, C. Zimmerman, P. Geist, F. Dresher and W.<br />
standpoint.<br />
T. J. Orriss, 309 Kerrigan Avenue, West Hoboken,<br />
N. J., who is the treasurer of the committee and from<br />
whom tickets can be procured. The watchword of the<br />
Newark's <strong>Plumber</strong>s Annual Field Day trade to-day is "co-operation" and this is prominently<br />
presented in the notice for the meeting and in which<br />
Twenty-sixth Outing to Be Held at Hollywood Park Sept. 11<br />
all are invited to participate and insured a good time.<br />
It is pointed out that close alliance is a further step<br />
It will be our pleasure to enjoy tbe hospitality of<br />
the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association of Newark, N. J., at<br />
the annual outing, of which members are appraised<br />
as follows:<br />
Wednesday, Aug. 14, 1920.<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s and Their Friends.<br />
Gentlemen:<br />
Another yenr lias rolled around and we are again anticipating<br />
a day of pleasure in the great outdoors amidst the<br />
attractiveness of nature. That day this year will be Saturday,<br />
Sept. 11, 1920.<br />
An early morning ride into the country is delightful at<br />
any time. Hut at this particular season and in company with<br />
our friends of the plumbing craft it will be even more so.<br />
Our destination will be Hollywood Park, located on<br />
Springfield Avenue, Maplewood. Springfield cars marked<br />
"Maplewood" pass the park. On arriving there, the good<br />
chef will greet you with a generous portion of ham and<br />
eggs, French fried potatoes and sizzling hot Java.<br />
You will then have laid a foundation for a real big day<br />
in the country. An hour or so whiled away in nature's<br />
scented atmosphere will act as a tonic and you will need<br />
no second invitation to partake of some delicious Rhode<br />
Island clam chowder, steamed clams, little necks on the<br />
half-sheel and clam broth.<br />
Then a baseball game and let me say on the side that<br />
this annual game has always been a dandy and well worth<br />
seeing and laughing over. Along about now the dinner bell<br />
will ring for porterhouse steak, boiled potatoes, sliced<br />
tomatoes, radishes, olives, and then, just to keep you awake,<br />
a few athletic games and stunts will be run off, including<br />
a tug-of-war, sack race, sprint and running races. Those<br />
who have indulged in running for jitneys and trolleys will<br />
not regret the practice, for they will go strong in these<br />
events. , , .<br />
At three o'clock hot sausages and rolls, roast beef sandwiches<br />
will be passed around and Trefz "taste tells will<br />
he on tap all day. There will be time "greeting old friends<br />
and making new* friends" and out there in the country you<br />
may throw'the "bull" to your heart's content.<br />
For supper a half broiled chicken will be served with all<br />
the trimmings, and when this meal is finished you will sure<br />
sav "One real day!" . ....<br />
We want you 'to be with us, and are enclosing tickets,<br />
which we know you will accept. Don't disappoint us.<br />
Come out and enjoy yourself and help us to make our big<br />
day a real success.<br />
Sincerely yours,<br />
ENTERTAINMENT COMMITTEE,<br />
S. F. WII_OK. Chairman, A. TAAFFE,<br />
1'. J, STURN, B. COHEN,<br />
.1. SHERIDAN, E. STERNKOCI,<br />
\V. SPATCHER,<br />
M - BRADY, Ex-Officio.<br />
\nte I —Prizes for games may be sent to Andrew Taaffe,<br />
',! Eagles Street.<br />
Xote °—All returns for tickets must be made on or before<br />
Wednesday, Sept. 8, 1920. Make checks payable to<br />
Edwin Sternkopf, Treasurer, 45 Pacific Street, Newark.<br />
N. J.<br />
North Hudson Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
Annual Outing at Maywood Grove, Fairwood<br />
on Saturday, Aug. 21<br />
Members of the North Hudson Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Association are receiving from the entertainment com<br />
in trade extension.<br />
Pleasure Club Picnic at Kolze<br />
Entertaining Program of Sports for the North<br />
and Northwest <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
A good time for everybody is promised by the<br />
North and Northwest Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Pleasure<br />
Club, which will hold its outing and basket picnic<br />
on Saturday. Aug. 21, at White House Grove, Kolze,<br />
111. President Perry Russell and Secretary F. Groesch<br />
have sent out the call to master plumbers in Chicago,<br />
inviting them to bring their families and friends.<br />
There will be a program of races and games, a<br />
baseball game and dancing, with suitable prizes for<br />
the various events. The grove is 17 miles from Chicago<br />
and can be reached by taking the Irving Park<br />
surface car to the end of the line and then an auto bus.<br />
Those desiring to go by automobile will find good<br />
roads over the following routes: Grand Avenue to<br />
River Road, north to Irving Park Boulevard and one<br />
block west to grove at Kolze, 111.<br />
Milwaukee Avenue to Higgins Road to 72nd Street,<br />
south to Irving Park Boulevard and west to the grove.<br />
Information Spreading Campaign of T. E. B.<br />
Letter Accompanied by Application Blank Being Sent<br />
to Heating and Plumbing Contractors<br />
The National Trade Extension Bureau, 107 Mercantile<br />
Bank Building, Evansville, Ind., is now actively<br />
engaged in preparing material for a thoroughly<br />
practical and easily worked scheme for widespread<br />
knowledge among heating and plumbing contractors<br />
on subjects which vitally effect the prosperity<br />
of the individual and of the trade.<br />
' It is a known fact that, in the case of most of us,<br />
it is difficult to remember a great deal that we read<br />
that would be of genuine value to us. Recognizing<br />
this fact, the National Trade Extension Bureau will<br />
place at the disposal of every local association of<br />
master plumbers and steam fitters a well-worked-out<br />
and comprehensive course of easy study of those matters<br />
which are basically of value to the heating and<br />
plumbing contractor in his efforts to run and manage<br />
a profitable business.<br />
The first step in this campaign is in the form of a<br />
letter to be sent to everv heating and plumbing contractor<br />
on the mailing list of the National Trade Extension<br />
Bureau. This letter will probably have gone<br />
out in advance of the publication of this article, but
METAL WOKKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM EITTER Awns r 20. 1920<br />
for the information of all concerned it is here repro<br />
duced. Any contractor who may not have received<br />
one of these letters from the Trade Extension Bureau<br />
is entirely at liberty to take advantage of its publi<br />
cation here and fill out and send in to the National<br />
Trade Extension Bureau, 407 Mercantile Bank Build<br />
ing, Evansville, Ind., any one of the application<br />
blanks which will go out with the letter. These<br />
application blanks are also printed here.<br />
The wording of the letter itself will give a rea<br />
sonably clear idea of the methods whereby this in<br />
formation-spreading campaign will be worked out.<br />
Here follows the letter in full with its accompanying<br />
application blanks:<br />
Dear Sir:<br />
For you—like all nf us—knowledge is power! In Inisiness<br />
it i.s money-making power! Here's an opportunity tc<br />
• »l tu your knowledge and money-making power. It is<br />
gratis, free!<br />
The Xational Trade Extension Bureau will soon start a<br />
nation-wide campaign of knowledge. It will offer every<br />
lieating and plumbing contractor tlie means of reaching<br />
and owning for himself tlie fruits of a vast field of successful<br />
business experience. Take note of that word "experience."<br />
Xone of it will lie theory, it will all be moneymaking,<br />
practical methods.<br />
The foundation for this campaign was laid during the<br />
last year by publishing and sending out the 1st, Snd, 3rd<br />
and 4th Steps in Business Efficiency for the heating and<br />
plumbing contractor," and the T. E. B. Monthly Service<br />
Bulletin. These have all been filled chock-full of'live business-building<br />
ideas and methods.<br />
In conference with contractors at conventions, and battle<br />
visits of many to'T. E. B. offices, we have learned that<br />
a detailed study is needed for the contractor to secure the<br />
full benefits of these things. Most of us have about the<br />
same experience in matters of this sort. We read over a<br />
lot of good stuff and then fail to get the "meat" out of it<br />
because nothing occurs to firmly fix it in our minds. T.<br />
E. "B. is going to start something that will enable every<br />
heating, and plumbing contractor in the countrv, who i's<br />
willing to take a reasonable amount of personal interest,<br />
to make.all of this valuable information a fixed part of<br />
his .own knowledge.<br />
Vou may feel that you don't need this, yourself, and<br />
we will grant that you may be right. Yet we know, and<br />
you know, too, that your presence and infiuence at these<br />
meetings will have a big effect in getting your competitors<br />
and co-workers going right; that no one man ever yet knew<br />
all there was to know about any subject as big as the<br />
plumbing and heating business, and that the only, way to<br />
get anything big across is for somebody to take hold and<br />
push.<br />
Here's the plan and it only requires the assistance of<br />
the local associations of master plumbers and steam fitters<br />
to. put it across, BIG. The business-building information<br />
at the command of T. E. B. will be arranged and subdivided<br />
into a series of short, "meaty" lessons or lectures.<br />
This series of lessons will be offered to and placed at the<br />
disposal of every local association in the United States.<br />
They, will he prepared in language and put together in a<br />
shape that anyone can understand. They will be supplied<br />
with suggestions and material that will make clear every<br />
point covered. All necessary printed material will be furnished.<br />
Everything will be worked out along practical<br />
lines. .<br />
A.t.regular periodical "get-together" meetings offhe local<br />
associations these lessons will be made possible for every<br />
contractor to have the material for the next lesson in advance<br />
of the meeting. The discussion at meetings is bound<br />
to bring out additional inforination of distinctively local<br />
value that would take years to pick up in anv other way.<br />
See that the secretary of your local gets in touch with<br />
this bureau about this campaign, if he has not already done<br />
so. In any event, gel on the fioor at your meetings and<br />
talk about the proposition, (let over a motion to the effect<br />
that the secretary should take up the matter with the bu<br />
reau. Do all that may be done lo get every contractor in<br />
your locality interested. .Stir up all thc activity you can,<br />
in every way possible. The fellow who tries to crack the<br />
stone wall of trade problems with his own little tack hammer<br />
can look forward to a lot of long, hard work. On<br />
the other hand, with the sledge hammer of combined interest<br />
it will take only a few blows to break through.<br />
If you-are not a member of the local association, or if<br />
there is no local in your town, fill out properly and return<br />
the enclosed blank and we shall endeavor to arrange matters<br />
so that you will be welcome at the meetings of the<br />
nearest local on these special occasions. If that is impractical,<br />
get all the contractors in your locality together,<br />
form an educational local, and T. E. B. will furnish you<br />
the necessary material direct.<br />
All aboard! The business-building idea special leaves<br />
for real prosperity land at once. If you're left behind<br />
it's your own fault.<br />
Yours for bigger and better business,<br />
THE XATIONAL TRADE EXTENSION BCREAU.<br />
Read this whole sheet first. Then fill out and sign the section<br />
of this blank that fits your case. Be careful to cross out the<br />
i .oc-er words to clearly indicate vour conditions. Then mail to<br />
T. E. B.<br />
The National Trade Extension Bureau.<br />
4 17 Mercantile Bank Bldg.,<br />
Evansville, Ind.<br />
I desire to get in on the ground floor of the T. E. B. nationwide<br />
information spreading campaign and am willing to do all<br />
1 'an to make it a success.<br />
There is a master plumber's association in this city. I am<br />
'/cr am not) a member and (but) will attend meetings to be held<br />
' cr discussion and study of this business building information.<br />
Signature<br />
Address<br />
City State<br />
There is no master plumber's association in this city, but I would<br />
like to attend the meetings at City<br />
Slate a nearby city where there is<br />
an association.<br />
Send us a list of names of all local contractors.<br />
Signature<br />
Address<br />
City State<br />
There is no master plumber's association in this city, but there<br />
are enough master plumbers here to hold meetings for this purpose.<br />
I will personally call on all of them, get them interested in the<br />
movement and call the required meetings when this work is<br />
started. California Appreciates T. E.<br />
Send us a list of all local contractors.<br />
Signature<br />
Address<br />
City State<br />
r B. Wooley<br />
At the headquarters of the National Trade Extension<br />
Bureau, Mercantile Bank Bldg., Evansville, Ind.,<br />
the following letter has been received from the large<br />
number of friends he has in California as the result<br />
of his attendance at the state convention:<br />
Mr. Wolley, Mgr.<br />
Trade Extension Bureau,<br />
Evansville, Ind.<br />
Berkeley, Cat, June 2.5, 1!)20.<br />
Our dear Woolley, for by that name we of the convention<br />
committee feel we can address you, and say you are one of<br />
our adopted native sons:<br />
The committee wishes to thank you for your part in making<br />
our 19th state convention of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s the greatest<br />
convention ever held in this state.<br />
Our members are only sorry that we did not have another<br />
day, for you alone, so that we may have absorbed more of<br />
that which we need.<br />
I hope the bureau continues the good work, with you still<br />
at the wheel, which you so nobly have undertaken.<br />
Well, Bill, just remember, and'keep a warm spot for Alameda<br />
County, and always know that there is a light in the<br />
window and a place at our table.<br />
Wishing you and your work all the success.<br />
We beg to remain,<br />
Very truly yours,<br />
L. W. BLAKE, GEO. STODDARD<br />
H. G. NEWMAN. W. H. PICARD. '<br />
CHAS. NAYLOR.
AUGUST 20. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTEl! 255<br />
Committee on Trade Relations Appointed<br />
President of Heating and I'iping Contractors' National<br />
Association Selects Members<br />
President J. E. Rutzler has appointed the following<br />
to act as members of the committee of Trade Relations:<br />
Chairman, Ge<strong>org</strong>e Mehring, Chicago, 111.;<br />
Eastern zone, Horace W. Jones, Rochester, N. Y.;<br />
chairman, Frank W. Howard, Boston Mass.; central<br />
zone, Ge<strong>org</strong>e Mehring, Chicago, 111.; chairman, Walter<br />
Klie, Cleveland, Ohio; V. L. Sheldon, St. Louis,<br />
Mo.; Western zone, Ge<strong>org</strong>e L. Bradbury, Denver,<br />
Colo.; chairman, Archie E. Ayers, Seattle, Wash.;<br />
Jesse Coogan, Salt Lake City, Utah.<br />
Liability Insurance for Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Trade<br />
Wisconsin Association Appoints Committee To Collect<br />
Imformation<br />
At a recent meeting the Master Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors'<br />
Association of Wisconsin held in Milwaukee,<br />
Wis., Paul L. Biersaeh, 661 Hubbard Street, Milwaukee,<br />
was appointed chairman of a committee to<br />
collect information from members to be used in showing<br />
that a lower rate was due this branch of trade.<br />
He is sending the following letter to members, but<br />
will be glad to get such information from the members<br />
of any association or the trade. There are three<br />
questions for which answers giving fullest particulars<br />
will be helpful:<br />
To Our Members:<br />
At our meeting last night a discussion was brought up<br />
by Brother Adolph Schuman as to the feasibility of collective<br />
bargaining not only on our workmen's compensation,<br />
public liability, auto trucks and automobiles, but also lire<br />
insurance, with the mutual companies writing these kind<br />
of policies, and it was the consensus of opinion of all present<br />
that this might accrue beneficial to all our members,<br />
therefore vour president has appointed a committee composed<br />
of the writer, Edward Hoffman and Adolph Schumann,<br />
to get in touch with the various companies, obtain<br />
the data and submit the same for discussion at some ensuing<br />
meeting.<br />
In order that your committee may be in a position to<br />
handle this entire niatter intelligently, it suggests that you<br />
submit immediately the following information, thus:<br />
1. Number of autos and trucks (for business and private<br />
use).<br />
2. Liability compensation insurance. Number of men<br />
and approximate amount of wages, separately for shop<br />
and erection, per year.<br />
3. Aggregate amount of fire insurance desired.<br />
the committee believes that they have quite a task before<br />
them and it will take some time to get the necessary information<br />
and if vou will threfore co-operate immediately<br />
on the information desired, this will enable them to submit<br />
their findings for your perusal as quickly as possible.<br />
Fraternally yours,<br />
PAUL L. BIERSACH,<br />
Chairman.<br />
THE ATLAS SHEET .METAL WORKS, Providence, R. I.,<br />
has been <strong>org</strong>anized by Gustaf T. Kollen, 996 Eddy<br />
Street and Charles Skogland to manufacture metal<br />
automobile products and other specialties.<br />
CURRENT NOTES of<br />
ALL THE TRADES<br />
FRANK CURTIS, president of the Shur-Tite Mfg. Co..<br />
Cleveland, Ohio, wliile on his way through seven<br />
states to make more boilers "Shur-Tite,'' dropped<br />
off in Chicago long enough to call on man}' of his<br />
friends in the trade and to bang the little white<br />
ball with the Western Trade Golfers on Aug. 10.<br />
W. T. MORGAN, vice-president Raymond Lead Co.,<br />
Chicago, 111., is again at his office after a month in<br />
the hospital, convalescing from a serious operation.<br />
JOHN DUNCAN, who was elected president of the<br />
Wheeling Steel & Iron Co., Wheeling, W. Va., at a<br />
meeting of the company held in that city July 28, to<br />
succeed Isaac M. Scott, who on July 3 was elected<br />
president of the recently <strong>org</strong>anized Wheeling Steel<br />
Corporation, takes into his new position an experience<br />
of more than 30 years in the steel business.<br />
His first connection with the industry was in the<br />
capacity of bill clerk for the National Tube Co. in<br />
St. Louis in 1889. Later he became identified with<br />
the Haxtun <strong>Steam</strong> Heater Co., Kewanee, 111., thc<br />
name of which subsequently was changed to tin-<br />
Western Tube Co. In 1903, he was made vicepresident<br />
and general manager of sales of that company<br />
and when it was absorbed by the National<br />
Tube Co. in 1908, he was transferred to Pittsburgh,<br />
becoming assistant general manager of sales<br />
of the latter company. Late in 1909, he joined the<br />
Wheeling Steel & Iron Co. as general manager of<br />
sales and in 1914, when the company was consolidated<br />
with another Wheeling company, he was<br />
elected vice-president and retained in the office of<br />
general manager of sales of the consolidated<br />
company.<br />
SHEET METAL INDUSTRY<br />
LYON CONKLIN & Co., INC., 19 B.alderston Street,<br />
Baltimore, Md., manufacturer of sheet metal products,<br />
has taken title to property at Donaldson and<br />
Race Streets, 160 x 200 ft., for a consideration said<br />
to be about $13,000. The site will be used for a<br />
new plant.<br />
THE CLAYTON LAMBERT AUTO PARTS CO.. 1380 Beaubien<br />
Street, Detroit, Mich., expects to occupy its<br />
new plant on the line of the Detroit Terminal Railroad<br />
at an earlv date. Erection of steel work is<br />
under way, and as soon as the structure is completed,<br />
machinery installation will be made. The<br />
factory will be 210x300 ft., and is estimated to<br />
cost about $400,000 with equipment. Herbert Owen<br />
is manager.
METAL WOKKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20. 1920<br />
THE A. WOLFF IRON & METAL CO., St. Louis, Mo.,<br />
announce the change of tlieir title to The A. Wolff<br />
Corporation, First and Branch Streets, St. Louis,<br />
Mo. No change has been made in the management<br />
and it expresses thanks to its clients for past courtesies<br />
and trust for a continuance of their trade in<br />
old metals, etc.<br />
Hack Saws and Hand Frames<br />
It is a matter of common knowledge that more hack<br />
saws .ire ruined by abuse than arc worn out througb<br />
use. This means a direct loss to thc shop owner caused<br />
through ignorance or carelessness of employees, a<br />
large part of which could be avoided.<br />
The following instructions taken from the Starrett<br />
Hack Saw Chart, issued by the L. S. Starrett Co.,<br />
Athol. Mass., if conspicuously posted in the shop,<br />
should eliminate all loss due to ignorance. When hack<br />
saws are used in hand frames strain the blade well in<br />
the frame with the rake of teeth forward. Bear down<br />
on forward stroke so that the blade will not slip and<br />
case the pressure on the return stroke. Do not bend<br />
sidewise. Use at about -50 strokes per minute.<br />
Copper Alloy Hardened for Manufacturing<br />
Cutlery<br />
American industry in developing .and rendering<br />
usable new and rare metal compounds or alloys has<br />
received an enormous impetus recently, it is said, by<br />
the addition of what seems to be the re-discovery of<br />
the lost art of the ancients of tempering copper, according<br />
to JVorld's Business.<br />
On the fourteenth floor of the Putnam Building, on<br />
Forty-fifth Street, just off Fifth Avenue, New York<br />
City, is a modest sign reading, "Dawson <strong>Metal</strong>s Company.<br />
' That is the name of a man now 73 years of<br />
age, whose brain and a safety deposit box of a New<br />
York trust company alone hold the secret.<br />
For many months men have been experimenting<br />
with this epochal method. Thev are still experimenting,<br />
but long since the stage of mere experiment was<br />
passed and commercial practicability attained, and<br />
now the furnaces under their control discharge streams<br />
of molten copper and tin, to which is added the secret<br />
compound, wliich, on cooling, assumes the sheen of<br />
yellow gold and qualities at total variance with the<br />
ductile copper as now in use.<br />
For one thing, it is so hard that not even a carborundum<br />
wheel will perceptibly abrade it. Many exacting<br />
tests have been made, some of them under supervision<br />
of the L'nited States Bureau of Standards.<br />
and where ordinary bearings, such as babbitt metal.<br />
are completely worn out, and those of steel or ordinary<br />
phosphor bronze totally unfit for use. bearings<br />
of tin's metal show little wear whatever.<br />
It also offers resistance to acids of everv kind in<br />
natural form or the high potential distillations ot<br />
commerce. It is an advance in methods of metallurgy<br />
and unit a detailed examination of the technical tests<br />
to which il lias been subjected can give anv approximate<br />
idea ot its tremendous efficiencv.<br />
A New England lirm is said lo have taken the<br />
major part of the output for Hie manufacture of<br />
scissors.<br />
FURNACE AND STOVE TRADE<br />
THE IDEAL FURNACE CO., which recently took over<br />
the plant and property of the Homer Furnace Co.,<br />
Homer, Mich., is building an addition.<br />
THE O-RIB-O MFG. CO., Winnipeg, has started work<br />
on the erection of a new factory, 40 x 200 ft., brick<br />
and concrete, to cost about $40,000. It will be<br />
rushed to completion and equipped with new machinery.<br />
One of the products will be hot-air furnace<br />
fittings. J. Brockest is president.<br />
THE WORCESTER ABRASIVE CO., Worcester, Mass., has<br />
moved its executive offices to 1662 Broadway, New<br />
York.<br />
THE FERRO ENAMEL SUPPLY CO., Cleveland, Ohio.<br />
has opened an office at 1101 Swetiand Building in<br />
that city and will carry a complete line of supplies<br />
for the porcelain enameling industry, catering particularly<br />
to stove manufacturers, and will also build<br />
enameling ovens. R. A. Weaver is president, John<br />
M. Tuthill. secretary, and Edward Southworth.<br />
treasurer.<br />
THE REGISTER-USING TRADE is receiving from thc<br />
Rock Island Register Co. announcement of its removal<br />
into its new offices and factory building<br />
located at 2135 Fifth Avenue, Rock Island, 111.<br />
The new plant, it is stated, gives the company<br />
practically three times the floor area which it previously<br />
had at its disposal and the new plant is in<br />
every way modern and up to date. This will enable<br />
it to increase its manufacturing output and<br />
carry a larger stock for the jobbing trade. Thc<br />
building has been constructed on modern engineering<br />
lines and adapted to the methods which the<br />
company use in the production of goods and in<br />
handling the orders placed with it.<br />
The Gilt Edge Picnic of R. J. Schwab<br />
& Sons Co.<br />
The picnic of the R. J. Schwab & Sons Company,<br />
manufacturers of Gilt Edge furnaces and boilers.<br />
Milwaukee, Wis., was held at Mequon Grove on the<br />
Cedarburg Road, Saturday, July 31. Everybody wore<br />
a badge with the Gilt Edge trade mark on one side<br />
and "Smile, Smile, Smile" on the other.<br />
The Gilt Edge dealers of Milwaukee and vicinity<br />
were also invited and one of the features of the day<br />
was a baseball game between the dealers of Milwaukee<br />
and the company's team, the latter team winning.<br />
Henry Winter, the elongated tinsmith from American<br />
Avenue, was the star of the dealers' team, having<br />
numerous double plays. Tom Johnson, superintendent<br />
of the foundry, starred for the company's team making<br />
numerous heavy verbal onslaughts on the umpire<br />
—said umpire being our noble, virtuous bookkeeper,<br />
Sam Lewinsky. The program of events carried popular<br />
songs, which were rendered with a fervor that was<br />
inspiring to the contestants.<br />
At noon the tug-of-war between the strong and weak<br />
men of the factory was held, the strong men winning
AUGUST 20. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
two out of tliree pulls. During the day there were<br />
various events for men, women and children and a<br />
fine lot of prizes. From 4 to 7 p. m. a dancing party<br />
was held in the dancing pavillion.<br />
Otto Butenhoff was chief "Bally Hoo" for the<br />
square dance. R. J. Schwab captured first prize in<br />
this and all admitted Mr. Schwab is sure some dancer.<br />
The dealers present at the picnic were Henry Winter<br />
and family, Otto Butenhoff and family, Jos. Rettela<br />
and family, John Scholtz and family, Fred Witzel<br />
and family, Otto Kringel and family, Lauterbach and<br />
Schwichtenberg from Cedarburg and Mr. Wilke from<br />
White Fish Bay. All expressed the satisfaction of<br />
having a Gilt Edge time of enjoyment.<br />
Novelty Semi-Annual Sales Conference<br />
There was held in the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel,<br />
Philadelphia, Pa., on Aug. 2 and 3, the semi-annual<br />
sales conference of the Eastern representatives of the<br />
Abram Cox Stove Co., of Philadelphia, under the direction<br />
of general manager of sales, E. F. Glore. The<br />
sales conference was devoted primarily to Sales Methods<br />
and covered all branches of the business from<br />
heating with steam and hot water, hot air and pipeless<br />
furnaces to the line of gas, coal and coal and gas combination<br />
ranges, water heaters and laundry stoves.<br />
The opening address was made by President Robert<br />
A. Patton and after the session on sales methods there<br />
was in the evening a discussion of advertising and<br />
sales promotion. Again on the second day sales<br />
methods were taken up and after a luncheon the party<br />
adjourned to the auditorium of The Curtis Publishing<br />
Co. to hear an address by Charles Coolidge Parlin. of<br />
The Curtis Publishing Co., followed by an open discussion<br />
on sales methods by tbe different representatives<br />
of the Abram Cox Stove Co. In the evening<br />
there was a banquet at the roof garden. The next<br />
day was devoted by the representatives to a study ot<br />
the plant with the idea of becoming more familiar witb<br />
the methods of handling the orders that are sent in so<br />
that they may be confident that the information which<br />
they give to customers about shipments is perfectly<br />
correct.<br />
King Koal Karburetor Booklet<br />
The simplicity of the operation of the device and<br />
the substantial benefit derived from the use of the<br />
King Koal Karburetor are becoming widely recognized<br />
is the claim made by the manufacturers, Frederick<br />
Sabin & Co., Inc., 237-241 Broad Street, Philadelphia,<br />
Pa. While the splendid service is somewhat<br />
surprising even to those identified with the use of ill<br />
kinds of heating and cooking apparatus, nevertheless<br />
President Howard Miller, of the company, has come<br />
to the conclusion that the sale can be advanced by the<br />
presentation of a booklet giving the facts in reference<br />
to it. The booklet which President Miller has<br />
prepared will give the facts as discovered in the development<br />
of the outfit for improving combustion and<br />
efficiency and will also give something of the service<br />
that it iias rendered under various conditions.<br />
Then in order to give that character of informa-<br />
tion which engineers will desire, tlicrc is a complete<br />
account of two tests made by W. A. Sloan, in charge<br />
of the Experimental Engineering Department of the<br />
Randal M<strong>org</strong>an Laboratory of Physics at the University<br />
of Pennsylvania. These tests were made under<br />
as nearly exactly the same conditions as possible and<br />
one with the carburetor and one without it, each burning<br />
coal at a high rate so that in an 18-in. fire pot<br />
as much as 50 lb. of coal per square foot of grate<br />
surface were consumed. Then there was another test<br />
run under practically the same conditions as would<br />
obtain in tbe home of the average citizen. In both<br />
instances a higlier efficiency and a greater economy<br />
was shown when the Karburetor was used. It is to<br />
make the information developed in experience and in<br />
the tests available for those who are investigating<br />
means of conserving fuel under the present economic<br />
conditions, that the pamphlet has been prepared. The<br />
Karburetor it is said, is already being sold from Portland,<br />
Ore., to Portland, Me., and apiilieations have<br />
been made by those who desire rights for its sale in<br />
Germany and New Zealand, and letters have come<br />
from Paris and from Canada from men wanting<br />
territory for its sale.<br />
A Baseboard Register<br />
Illustrated in the accompanying picture is the 3 in<br />
baseboard register class No. 100, manufactured by<br />
Hart & Cooley Co., New Britain, Conn. The register<br />
is so constructed that the floor can be cut out 3 in.<br />
from the wall line, permitting the use of a large supply<br />
pipe from the lieater. The manufacturers furnish<br />
with these registers a gage for setting. By using<br />
the gage, the installer can practically complete tlu-<br />
NO. 1 |lf i BASEBOAIlti KEGIS. TEI!<br />
installation when putting in the rough work and all<br />
that is afterward necessary is to slip the register in<br />
place This is done after the completion of the room<br />
and leaves the finish of the register unimpaired.<br />
There is a distinct advantage in this to the furnace<br />
man as it allows of practically completing the work<br />
while he has his men and tools on the job. saving<br />
the necessity of making several operations in completing<br />
the work. The registers present a very neat<br />
and workmanlike appearance and are practical and<br />
positive in their operation. Various other styles of<br />
the same tvpe are illustrated tn the Hart & Coolej<br />
Co. catalog, wliich can be had upon request.
258 METAL WOKKER, I'LUMBER AND STEAM EITTER AUGUST 20. 192(1<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
THE INSTANTANEOUS ELECTRIC HEATER OF CANADA,<br />
LTD., Toronto, has been incorporated with a capital<br />
stock of $250,000 by James E. Day, Joseph P.<br />
Walsh, Frederick R. Marshall and others to manufacture<br />
electric stoves, heaters, machinery, motors,<br />
etc.<br />
THE BACKUS FOUNDRY, INC., Boston, Mass., and<br />
Brandon, Vt., capitalized for $25,000, divided into<br />
250 shares, par $100, all of which are issued, lias<br />
incorporated under Massachusetts laws. Frederick<br />
E. Backus, Brandon, Vt., is president and treasurer.<br />
The company's property includes three and<br />
a half acres.<br />
THE GREENFIELD TAP & DIE CORPORATION, Greenfield.<br />
Yt.. will defer the erection of the proposed<br />
five-story addition to its plant. Harris & Richards.<br />
Drexel Building. Philadelphia, are the architects.<br />
'I'm: AMERICAN SANITARY WORKS, Washington, N. J..<br />
inanufacturer of plumbers' tanks and kindred products,<br />
has increased its capital from $200,000 to<br />
$350,000.<br />
THAT THE SERVICE of Kroeschell greenhouse heating<br />
boilers is recognized far from Chicago, is evidenced<br />
by the tact that Kroeschell Bros., 480 West Erie<br />
Street, Chicago, 111., recently shipped a No. 14<br />
type to London, England. It weighed 14,000 lb.<br />
and lias a capacity to heat 48,000 sq. ft. of glass<br />
surface to 50 deg. at zero outside. The plant is<br />
now equipped with ten large boilers made by the<br />
company.<br />
'I'm: WALKER & PRATT Co., 33 Union Street, Boston.<br />
Mass, manufacturer of boilers for house heating,<br />
stoves, etc., has awarded contract to the H. Nawn<br />
Construction Co., 82 Savin Street, Roxbury, Mass.,<br />
for a one-story foundry at its plant, Watertown,<br />
200 x 230 ft., to cost "about $200,000, including<br />
equipment.<br />
'I'm: MILWAUKEE RELIANCE BOILER WORKS, Thirtysecond<br />
and Hadley Streets, i.s completing a brick<br />
and steel shop addition, 00x300 ft., and is contracting<br />
for additional equipment. It manufactures<br />
gas producers, hot water storage tanks, pneumatic<br />
pressure tanks, and other boiler and plate work.<br />
John E. Sharp is president and general manager.<br />
THE ROMORT MFG. CO., Oakfield, Wis., has increased<br />
its capita] stock from $50,000 to $150,000 to accommodate<br />
the increase of its business of manufacturing<br />
combination air and water service systems<br />
for garages. It intends to add several new lines,<br />
including air valves in various sizes and types. F.<br />
E. Willard is secretary.<br />
I'HE W. & B. DOUGLAS Co., Middletown, Conn., is issuing<br />
a bulletin, No. 19, illustrating the newest<br />
production of its plant, the Douglas "Pneu" Tank<br />
complete water system and also in connection with<br />
this bulletin a booklet of instructions for installing<br />
and operating this water system, which will be a<br />
great aid to those plumbers installing or maintaining<br />
this line of equipment.<br />
THE AUGUST NUMBER of thc Walworth Fog, issued<br />
by thc Walworth -Mfg. Co., Boston, Mass., in the<br />
interests of its extensive line of heating and plumbing<br />
supplies, particularly pipe valves and fittings,<br />
might well be termed a summer number. It gives<br />
the splendid story of the real vacation of a woman,<br />
a two-page cartoon of some of the most important<br />
company men and some pictures in reference to the<br />
300th anniversary of the land grant in Maine that<br />
included the site of Portland. Also something in<br />
reference to copper mining. There are, as usual,<br />
pictures of piping systems in which the company'products<br />
are used.<br />
Now Make Own Electric Motor<br />
The Burnett-Larsh Mfg. Co., Dayton, Ohio, has<br />
added a new dejiartment to its factory and now manufactures<br />
its own electric motors. There is a distinct<br />
advantage in this to owners or distributors of its<br />
water systems as it insures a certain type of motor<br />
universally used in connection with the Duro water<br />
systems, thus facilitating getting needed repairs and<br />
allowing of the motor being constructed in accordance<br />
with a special regard for the work which it is to do.<br />
New Freight Rates in Illinois<br />
The Public Utilities Commission of Illinois has<br />
denied an application of the railroads for an advance<br />
of 40 per cent on intrastate freight rates and has<br />
granted a temporary increase of 33 1-3 per cent on<br />
condition that railroad service is improved. The application<br />
will be finally disposed of at new hearings<br />
to be held in October. The adjustment of rates in<br />
Illinois is a problem as tiie boundaries of the territories<br />
covered by the interstate rate advances intersect<br />
in the state, the advances for Eastern, Southern<br />
and Western districts being 40, 25 and 35 per cent<br />
respectively.<br />
New Pipe Working Machinery<br />
New pipe thread dies, ranging in size from 1 in.<br />
to 12 in. and designed after the Columbus dies, are<br />
now being made by the Columbus Machine Works,<br />
310 Fifth Street, Columbus, Ind. These machines<br />
have five chasers and a cut-off tool in the head and<br />
come in four distinct sizes, 1 to 4 in. right and left,<br />
I to 6 in. right and left, 2l/o to 8 in. and 4 to 12 in.<br />
A portable machine, mounted on wheels so that it<br />
can be moved to the job or any building and small<br />
enough to go tlirougli the ordinary doorway has also<br />
been provided. Any die of the above-mentioned heads<br />
can be used on it or it will drive any of the hand dies.<br />
A quick-acting vise, built to stand the knocks, wear<br />
and tear of the steam fitter's handling, is claimed to be<br />
75 per cent quicker, stronger and more durable than<br />
others.<br />
For steam fitting and plumbing work this company<br />
manufactures a self-feeding reamer capable of catching<br />
!/2 to 4-in. pipe. Then there is a large collapsible<br />
work bench, strong enough even when the steam fitter
Aucusr 20, 1920 METAL WORKER, I'LUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 25')<br />
is handling 3 to 6-in. pipe.<br />
Tlie trade is invited to send for copy of catalog on<br />
these products.<br />
Catalogs for Rough Usage<br />
Catalogs issued by manufacturers of machinery,<br />
plumbing supplies, automobile parts, etc., are frequently<br />
handled by mechanics whose hands are soiled<br />
by grime and dirt. The covers soon become so soiled<br />
that anyone having clean hands or dressed in "good"<br />
clothes dislikes to handle the book.<br />
For a permanent catalog of this type, a cleanable<br />
cover material is highly desirable. For many years<br />
such a thing was unknown, but since the art of stamping<br />
and pasting the edges of pyroxylin coated book<br />
cover materials was perfected a few years ago, it is<br />
now possible, says E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.,<br />
Inc., for any manufacturer to have a catalog cover<br />
from which grimy spots can be washed with soap and<br />
water without injuring it, for the goods are waterproof.<br />
The leather substitute is very durable and will<br />
generally remain sound throughout the life of the<br />
catalog.<br />
Of course the cost is higher than for paper or<br />
cheap cloth covers, but is not so high as to be prohibitive<br />
if a manufacturer desires a really permanent<br />
catalog, one that will last and remain in good condition<br />
for several months.<br />
Product of Bicalky Fan Company Improved<br />
A new catalog describing Lehigh fans, blowers, air<br />
washers, roof fan ventilators and dust collectors, has<br />
just been issued bv Herseh Bros. & Co., Allentown,<br />
Pa.<br />
About one year ago the Herseh Bros. Co. purchased<br />
the interests of the Bicalky Fan Co. and has subjected<br />
the product of that company to the severest<br />
possible tests with the result that by making clianges<br />
in both wheels and housing but retaining their valuable<br />
structural features, greatly increased efficiency<br />
has been attained.<br />
The characteristic curves of the Lehigh multi-blade<br />
fans, single inlet, single width, are also shown and the<br />
efficiency correction percentage of the various fan<br />
sizes. The company believes that the tables in the<br />
catalog reflecting these corrections are based on the<br />
fundamentally correct procedure rather than to take<br />
an efficiency size of the fan and claim the same efficiency<br />
throughout the entire line.<br />
The sales <strong>org</strong>anization is being developed under<br />
G. W. Barr, sales manager. Territory is being allotted<br />
under a sales policy which is very attractive<br />
and should appeal to the trade.<br />
Speco Solid Sal Ammoniac for Soldering<br />
Every man who does soldering in his business will<br />
be interested in Speco solid sal ammoniac put up in<br />
convenient cakes by the Special Chemicals Co., Highland<br />
Park. 111. Its economy and convenience are mentioned<br />
as its most prominent features which will appeal<br />
to practical sheet metal contractors and plumbers.<br />
It is a purified form of sal ammoniac, the crys-<br />
Liis being metamorphosed, so that it is extremely hard<br />
and will not melt, crumble or dirty the bench. It<br />
volatilizes rapidly under the hot soldering copper and<br />
quickly removes any oxide that forms. There is no<br />
waste, a.s only the amount needed in the soldering<br />
operation is used, and the company points out that<br />
Speco will not corrode the tool or work as it contains<br />
no acid.<br />
It is a practical product for soldering work in tin<br />
A BAT, OF SOLID SAL AMMONIAC<br />
or plumbing shops and comes in convenient half and<br />
one pound cakes, which can be easily taken on the job.<br />
Shops which do auto radiator repair, washing machine<br />
and electrical work find it a great convenience and<br />
one user says that "There seems to be no wear out<br />
to it."<br />
Other Speco products are soldering fluxes, fluids, oil<br />
and paste and literature concerning them can be had<br />
upon request.<br />
Don't Is Sometimes as Important as Do<br />
That being so, we give "A Few Don'ts" as contained<br />
in the Range Boiler Manual, issued by the Detroit<br />
Range Boiler & Steel Barrel Co., Detroit, Mich.,<br />
manufacturers of the Star Naco and Detroit range<br />
boilers, which may prove of advantage.<br />
Don't use a small boiler in a place where a larger<br />
one should be installed. Ample capacity should be<br />
provided especially in cafes, restaurants, garages, etc.<br />
Don't use a check valve or water meter unless you<br />
install a relief valve of a quality pattern.<br />
Don't f<strong>org</strong>et that a standard weight boiler is guaranteed<br />
only to 85 lbs. working pressure and tbat<br />
wherever the pressure exceeds 70 lbs. an extra heavy<br />
boiler should be installed to provide a fair margin ot<br />
safety.<br />
Don't f<strong>org</strong>et tbat in many places where the water<br />
is limed or acidulated or treated with chemicals for<br />
purifying purposes, the corrrosion of the boiler is<br />
stimulated and it is only right to the user that an<br />
extra heavv boiler be installed.<br />
Don't use a stand which connects directly to thc<br />
bottom spud of a range boiler. An unusual strain is<br />
put on this spud by this method of supporting the<br />
boiler. , ,<br />
Don't ever use a range boiler for the storage ot<br />
air Buy a tank especially made for that purpose.<br />
Air under confinement is dangerous and accidents arc<br />
liable to be very serious.<br />
Don't f<strong>org</strong>et that care in handling the boiler during<br />
installation is essential. Careless truckmen or helpers<br />
cause leaks by dropping the boiler on a hard<br />
surface.
260 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20. 1920<br />
Don't use a gas heater applying a flame direct upon<br />
the bottom of a range boiler.<br />
Don't buy a boiler because it is cheap. A return<br />
trip to fix up leaks will cost you more than you will<br />
save in any such installation.<br />
Plumhing Supply House Announcement<br />
The plumbing trade is receiving from the Detroit<br />
Brass & Malleable Works, Detroit, Mich., the following<br />
letter which announces a change in name with<br />
assurance that the old service will be continued with<br />
unabated zeal:<br />
We take pleasure in announcing a change in the name of<br />
the Detroit Valve & Fittings and Detroit Brass Works.<br />
In the future the name of this company will be Detroit<br />
Brass & Malleable Works.<br />
At the time of the consolidation of the Detroit Valve<br />
& Fittings Co. and the Detroit Brass Works, it was deemed<br />
advisable to combine the name of the two companies for a<br />
certain period of time so as not to lose the identity of<br />
either plant.<br />
We realized that the name of this company was too<br />
lengthy, and now that we feel the trade is thoroughly<br />
acquainted with both branches and their respective products,<br />
we have decided on a more compact name.<br />
Tliere is no change in the policy or management and<br />
the same personnel of thc company will be retained.<br />
We take this opportunity of thanking you for past<br />
favors and hoping for a continuance of our pleasant<br />
relations.<br />
Respectfully yours,<br />
DETROIT BRASS & MALLEABLE WORKS.<br />
A Washing Machine Drainer",<br />
The Penberthy washing machine drainer illustrated,<br />
made of aluminum by the Penberthy Injector Co.,<br />
Detroit, Mich., is an article which will be of general<br />
interest to housewives wherever washing is done in<br />
other than laundry tubs with waste outlet connection<br />
to house sewer and where running water is to be had.<br />
Its operation is based on the jet suction principle and<br />
tlierefore it is fool-proof with no valve or adjustments<br />
to get out of order.<br />
A length of suction hose is fastened on the lower<br />
A<br />
B c_J_ BI a<br />
^^^T Aluminum WashiiiR Machine lir.ccurt.<br />
" C<br />
Made by the Penberthy Injector Co.,<br />
Detroit, Mich.<br />
end marked C, and the nut marked A attaches the<br />
drainer to the hose thread of the faucet of sink or<br />
tub. The end of the hose is then immersed in the<br />
receptacle to be drained and the faucet to which the<br />
drainer is attached turned on. The drainer does the<br />
rest.<br />
This is a merchandising article which the plumber<br />
can readily sell and which offers a liberal profit.<br />
MISCELLANEOUS NOTES<br />
THE REPORT of the Department of the Interior.<br />
Washington, D. C, states that the apparent eonsumption<br />
of lead in the United States was, in 1917,<br />
515,44.5 short tons; in 1918, 542,975, and in 1919.<br />
434,143 short tons.<br />
THE 42ND NUMBER of the Statistical Abstract of the<br />
United States has been issued by the Department<br />
of Commerce and can be procured from the Government<br />
Printing Office for 50 cents. An explanatory<br />
note states that the success of condensed statistics<br />
is based upon official figures collated and published<br />
under the various laws of the United States and<br />
those of other countries to which they may relate.<br />
They deal with general import and export consumption<br />
and withdrawal from warehouses for consumption,<br />
also with the import value, with domestic<br />
exports, foreign exports and with weights and measures.<br />
They apply to practically all trades, all cities<br />
and all centers of activity whether industrial or not.<br />
THE UPSON COMPANY, Lockport, N. Y., fibre board<br />
manufacturer, advised that on or about Aug. 15 it<br />
was going to be very much interested in the purchase<br />
of paper stock, particularlv folded news and<br />
dealers who handle such stock will be interested in<br />
this fact.<br />
THE HADDON BIN LABEL CO., 200 West Atlantic<br />
Avenue, Haddon Heights, N. J., is issuing a free<br />
booklet, entitled, "How to Systematize the Stock<br />
Room and Build Your Own Stock Bins," which illustrates<br />
its transparent celluloid covered slide<br />
label cards and tin card holders. It also explains<br />
the manner in which these bin labels can be used in<br />
connection with a stock record.<br />
"A PECULIAR TYPE of Intercrystaline Brittleness of<br />
Copper" is the title of a technologic paper No. 158,<br />
issued by the Bureau of Standards, Washington,<br />
D. C, and written by Henry S. Rawdon, physicist,<br />
and S. C. Langdon, professor of School of Chemistry,<br />
Northwestern University. It can be procured<br />
from the Government Printing Office for 5 cents<br />
per copy.<br />
RECENT PUBLICATIONS by the General Electric Co.,<br />
Schenectady, N. Y., are in reference to adjustable<br />
speed motors which are pointed out as being well<br />
adapted for thc use on pipe threading and cutting<br />
machines or any machine which repeats its operation<br />
in angle. There is also a considerable pamphlet<br />
in reference to the Novalux ornamental street lighting<br />
units, which should be of interest to plumbers<br />
who arc called upon to supply the equipment for<br />
city lighting systems.<br />
Protection Against Accidents<br />
The best methods of saving fingers, hands arms<br />
legs and lives and of conserving labor and increasing<br />
production through accident prevention and industrial<br />
medicine will be discussed at the Ninth Annual Safety
AUGUST 20. 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 261<br />
Council at Milwaukee, Sept. 27 to Oct. 1, the program<br />
for which will soon be completed.<br />
During these five days, 4,000 men and women—<br />
safety engineers, industrial relations managers, municipal<br />
traffic officers, educators and plant executives<br />
—will gather at the Milwaukee Auditorium to throw<br />
into the common pot all the information on accident<br />
prevention that has developed during the past year.<br />
Rulings On Stock Dividends<br />
Rulings of interest to corporation stockholders have<br />
just been issued by the Bureau of Internal Revenue<br />
bearing on the question of stock dividends. The rul<br />
ings deal with various disputed points arising in connection<br />
with the decision of the Supreme Court in the<br />
stock dividend case of last spring.<br />
Dividends whicli are subject to the income tax, and<br />
those which are not, are defined as follows:<br />
"Where a corporation, being authorized so to do by<br />
the laws of the state in which it is incorporated, transfers<br />
a portion of its surplus to capital account, issues<br />
new stock representing the amount of the surplus so<br />
transferred and distributes the stock so issued to its<br />
stockholders such stock is not income to the stockholders<br />
and the stockholders incur no liability for income<br />
tax by reason of its receipt.<br />
"Where a corporation, being thereunto lawfully authorized,<br />
increases its capital stock and simultaneously<br />
declares a cash dividend equal in amount to the increase<br />
in its capital stock, and gives to its stockholders<br />
a real option either to keep the money for their own<br />
or to re-invest it in the new shares, such dividend is<br />
cash dividend, and is income to the stockholders.<br />
whether thev re-invest it in the new shares or not."<br />
LATE TRADE NEWS<br />
WILLIAM C. GROENIGER, president of the American<br />
Society of Sanitary Engineers, made a combined<br />
business and pleasure trip to New York this week<br />
and discussed with us a program for the coming<br />
meeting of the society in St. Louis, Sept. 7, 8 and 9.<br />
Mr. Groeniger is a consulting engineer, 8 East<br />
Chestnut Street, Columbus, Ohio.<br />
JAMES H. GILHULY, manager of the San Francisco<br />
office of the Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., Youngstown,<br />
Ohio, sailed Aug. 7 from New York for<br />
France to visit the battlefields on the western front<br />
and other places of interest in Europe.<br />
THE CENTRAL TUBE Co., Ambridge, Pa., reports that<br />
the accident severity rate was reduced 94 per cent<br />
and the accident frequency rate cut 80 per cent six<br />
month.s after the company had appointed a safety<br />
director, R. A. Beyer. He says: "During the<br />
first six months of 1919 we lost 432 days through<br />
accidents and 50 accidents were reported for every<br />
1,000,000 hr. of work. During the corresponding<br />
six month.s of 1920 only 26 days were lost and accidents<br />
occurred at the rate of 10 per 1,000,000<br />
hr." He attributes success to co-operation of management,<br />
superintendents, foremen and men; ef<br />
ficient safety guards ; comfortable and efficient goggles;<br />
safety bulletins from the National Safety<br />
Council and an Americanization school.<br />
THE NEW ENGLAND FOUNDRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION held<br />
its usual midsummer outing at the Pomham Club.<br />
Providence, R. I., Aug. 11. The feature of the<br />
outing was a Rhode Island clambake, of which<br />
more than 100 partook. A. B. Root, Jr., president.<br />
presided. Charles E. Andrews was chairman of the<br />
committee of arrangements.<br />
THE PROBERT SHEET METAL CO.. Covington, Ky., has<br />
filed articles of incorporation, with a capital stock<br />
of $50,000, to manufacture sheet and ornamental<br />
iron work. E. R. Probert is president.<br />
THE URBAUER ATWOOD HEATING CO., 1446-50 South<br />
Second Street, St. Louis, manufacturer of heating<br />
apparatus, has completed plans foi a new two-story<br />
plant, 60 x 105 ft., to cost about $14,000.<br />
THE SCHLUETER MFG. CO., North Broadway, St.<br />
Louis, manufacturer of wash boilers and general<br />
metal products, is completing plans for its new<br />
four-story plant at Broadway and John Street, to<br />
cost about $80,000.<br />
THE EAGLE PIPE SUPPLY CO. has changed its address<br />
to 233 Broadway, New York.<br />
THE NATIONAL MACHINE TOOL BUILDERS' ASSOCIA<br />
TION will hold its nineteenth annual fall convention<br />
at the Hotel Astor, New York, on Thursday and<br />
Friday, Dec. 2 and 3. Reference to this postponement<br />
of the regular date of the meeting until the<br />
outcome of the national elections was noted in last<br />
week's issue.<br />
To PROTECT ALUMINUM and aluminum alloys from<br />
corrosion, a German inventor has tried the experiment<br />
of browning the metal electrolytically, according<br />
to the Engineer, London, England. The<br />
aluminum is suspended in an electrolyte consisting<br />
of a sulphur compound of molybdenum, and zine<br />
is used for the anode. The cell is maintained at a<br />
temperature of 60 deg. to 65 deg. C. The aluminum<br />
is soon covered with a dark brown coating.<br />
The metal may be bent or rolled without cracking<br />
the coating. A piece of aluminum thus coated is<br />
said to have been immersed in a salt solution for<br />
two months without showing the least trace of<br />
corrosion.<br />
THE TOLEDO MACHINE TOOL CO., Toledo, Ohio, has<br />
placed in operation its new foundry, the first unit<br />
of the new large plant, which will greatly increase<br />
its present manufacturing facilities. To provide for<br />
this expansion the company acquired 98 acres on<br />
Dorr Street, on which its present plant is located.<br />
Twenty-three acres are enclosed for a complete<br />
unit in addition to the foundry and will include a<br />
four-story machine shop, 1,250 ft. long and 200 it.<br />
wide which is now under contemplation. The foundrv<br />
is designed for castings ranging in weight from<br />
a few ounces to 50 tons. The foundry proper is<br />
378 ft. long and 180 ft. wide. It will be fully<br />
equipped with the latest devices. It will be heated<br />
by exhaust steam and direct radiation. It is pro-
262 M E T A L W 0 R K E R , P L U M<br />
vided with a well-equipped toilet and locker room,<br />
shower bath room witli hot and cold water and there<br />
are five small toilet rooms conveniently located.<br />
Drinking water is supplied at alternate building<br />
columns.<br />
THE NATIONAL TUBE CO., Pittsburgh, is continuing<br />
the purchase of property in the vicinity of its works<br />
at McKeesport. During the past week two parcels<br />
of land have been acquired for a consideration ot<br />
about $100,000, and negotiations have been com<br />
pleted for the purchase of four additional lots,<br />
17 x 150 ft., 46 x 150 ft. and 17 x 150 ft., at a price<br />
approximating $57,500. The company is under<br />
stood to be planning to utilize a portion of the land<br />
at an early date with the erection of a new building<br />
to cost in excess of $500,000.<br />
HOMER ADDAMS, director of the Kewanee Boiler Co.,<br />
Kewanee, 111., and general sales representative, 47<br />
West Forty-second Street, New York City, re<br />
turned from a visit to the plant this week and re<br />
ports that the new extension contemplated by the<br />
company includes one building which will be 40o<br />
ft. wide, over 1,000 ft. in length and 48 ft. in<br />
height. These are the approximate dimensions of<br />
one of thc buildings, which will greatly increase<br />
the producing facilities of the company.<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Summary<br />
Black and Oalvanized Sheets—Receipts keeping pace with<br />
demand.<br />
Tin Plate—Little stock available.<br />
Tin—Continued stagnation.<br />
Copper—Unchanged.<br />
Lead—Prices advanced.<br />
Zinc—Slightly increased interest.<br />
A ntimony—Inactive.<br />
Foundry (Joke—Increased supply. Prices lower and production<br />
and shipment improved.<br />
Linseed Oil—Stocks improving. Lower grades scarce.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Light demand. Price lower.<br />
all the trades are busy in the face of certain advances<br />
this fall because homes are being brought up-to-date<br />
in their comfort and equipment and this business will<br />
continue regardless of activity in the building trade.<br />
Railroads are doing better and since the increased<br />
freights must be paid, it will be shown in prices. Tin-<br />
new pig iron freight rate from Birmingham to Chicago<br />
ER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 20, 1920<br />
THE WHEELING STOVE & RANGE Co., Wheeling, W.<br />
Va., has been granted a patent on a flexible metallic<br />
connection for gas stoves, and will manufacture this<br />
specialty at its plant.<br />
THE DAVIS METAL FIXTURE CO. has been <strong>org</strong>anized<br />
in Lansing, Mich., with a capitalization of $30,000.<br />
It was formerly the D. & B. Mfg. Co. C. J. Davis<br />
is president.<br />
THE EDWARD F. LYON CO., Detroit, has purchased<br />
the property of thc American Pressweld Radiator<br />
Co., 500 East Euclid Avenue. It will be used to<br />
house the axle and machine shops of the conipany.<br />
Hot Water Without The Heat of<br />
a Kitchen Fire<br />
(Continued from page 2t9)<br />
easier to read METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER, and get some useful dope first, and then be all<br />
fixed to tell a prospective customer what is really<br />
wanted. In that way I get the work before the other<br />
fellow knows anything about it and can get my own<br />
price. If you think this is worth anything pass it<br />
along for the use of the other fellows. More reading<br />
and thinking pays better than trying to out-figure the<br />
rest of the competitors. Kindest regards to you and<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER.<br />
is $6.67 and with coke at $17.50 the iron market is<br />
strong, while steel in the. big line is marking time.<br />
There ure conflicting influences at work in other fields<br />
which as yet do not seem to have, any immediate bear<br />
ing on plumbing, heating and sheet metal trades. Fall<br />
business can be done on present basis without ami<br />
consideration of such influences.<br />
FOUNDRY PIG IRON<br />
Xew York.—Buying for shipment before tbe advance<br />
in freight rates takes effect is no longer a factor, seeing<br />
that there is only a week more of old rates. The effort<br />
of New England consumers to pick up small lots to take thc<br />
Conditions In Other Fields Do Not Appl) place of iron they have under contract but that cannot gel<br />
^jr Continued confidence in a good trade for a long to them because of embargoes on routes from tbe furnaces<br />
'jj time ahead is assured to the business man who<br />
keeps informed and is aggressive in our fields. The<br />
disturbance in the textile, automobile and other indus<br />
having their contracts, have produced a small amount of<br />
activity. Some Virginia iron, for example, has been sold<br />
to New England at the new price of $30 at furnace, the<br />
Xew England freight being .$4.70. Foundries hesitate to<br />
tries, due to the sloraing up of buying because of prices buy for any distance ahead at the prices to which the mar<br />
lieing out of proportion to value received, finds no ket has jumped in the past 10 days. The outlook is for a<br />
such dissatisfaction in the sheet metal, plumbing and<br />
heating lines. In them splendid values are given and<br />
spot market for several weeks, with forward sales largely<br />
limited to foundries having made contracts for tli.'r castings<br />
and not caring to speculate on a decline in pig iron.<br />
We quote for delivery in the New York distriel as follows:<br />
East Pa., No. 1 fdv. 2.75 to 3.25 J53.80 to $54.80<br />
East Pa., No. 2X fdv., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 52.05 to 52.05<br />
East Pa., No. 2 fdv'., 1.75 to 2.25 50.80 to 51.80<br />
Xo. 2, Virginia sil. 1.75 to 2.25 52.40 to 54.40<br />
Chicago.—While the market is rather slow, a few good-<br />
M/.ed orders and inquiries have developed in tbe week. Effective<br />
Aug. 2(>, the freighl ou shipments of iron from
AUGUST 20. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 263<br />
Birmingham to Chicago will advance to $6.0T. This increase<br />
will be overcome in part by the action of a large Southern<br />
producer in reducing its differentials for silicon content.<br />
This furnace, which is quoting foundry at $43, base, Birmingham,<br />
now adds $1.25 for the first increase in silicon content<br />
and $1 for the succeeding grades. Thus iron with<br />
3.25 to 3.75 per cent silicon is quoted at $1.75 less than<br />
formerly, or more than enough to absorb the increase in<br />
freight. Another important Southern producer continues<br />
to quote $42, base, Birmingham, with the old differential,.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered at consumers'<br />
yards except those for Northern foundry, and steel-making irons,<br />
which are f. o. b. furnace and do not include a switching charge<br />
averaging 50c per ton.<br />
Northern coke, No. 1, 2.25 to 2.75 last half.... $48.25<br />
Northern coke, No. 1 spot^ 48.25<br />
Northern coke foundry. No. 2 sil. 1.75 to 2.25<br />
last half 46.00<br />
Northern coke, No. 2, spot 46.00<br />
Southern coke No. 1 foundrv and No. 1 soft,<br />
sil. 2. 75 to 3.25 50.92 to 51.87<br />
Southern coke No. 2 foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.92 to 50.37<br />
Southern foundry sil. 1.75 to 2.25 48.67<br />
Philadelphia.—There is a growing scarcity of all irade.<br />
of iron, but it is more pronounced in foundry iron. Brokers<br />
who are heing importuned by their customers to find them<br />
a carload or two of spot iron are having difficulty finding<br />
furnaces that are willing to accept any business. Some furnaces<br />
have so little iron to offer for delivery over the remainder<br />
of the year that they prefer to sell only through<br />
their own offices. Some merchant furnaces which were expected<br />
to have a little free iron for this year have lost so<br />
much in production in the last few months, owing to difficulty<br />
in getting enough coke to maintain full operation, that<br />
their booked orders will take all they can make up to Jan.<br />
1. The new freight rate from Virginia furnaces to Philadelphia<br />
will be about $5.47, as compared with the existing<br />
rate of $4.10. The same rate of advance will apply on<br />
shipments from Alabama furnaces. In the following table<br />
of pig iron quotations, where delivered prices are given, the<br />
freight rates included are those now in use. These delivered<br />
prices will be changed to conform to the new freight<br />
rates as soon as these rates become effective.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered in consumers'<br />
vards in Philadelphia or vicinity:<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil $50.90 to $51.85<br />
East. Pa. No. 2X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 52.90 to 53.10<br />
Virginia No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.75 sil 5410<br />
Virginia No. 2 X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 53.35<br />
Cincinnati.—While the market cannot be termed active,<br />
steady selling of pig iron continues, and prices on nearly<br />
all grades are higher. Furnaces are not actively soliciting<br />
for first quarter hut in some instances have booked orders<br />
from regular customers who insisted on being taken care<br />
nf. On Southern iron prices range from $42 to $4,5, the<br />
lower priee still being quoted for the rest of this year and<br />
the first half of next.' N'o sales are reported at the higher<br />
figure, though a number of furnaces are holding their last<br />
quarter output at this price.<br />
Based on freight rates of $3.60 from Birmingham and $1.80 from<br />
Ironton, quote f. o. b. Cincinnati:<br />
Southern coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (base price).... $45.60 to 46.60<br />
Southern coke, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 (No. 2 soft).... 46.85 to 47.85<br />
Southern Ohio coke, sil. $1.75 to 2.25 (Xo. 2).. 47.80 to 48.80<br />
Cleveland.—There is a decided scarcity of pig iron for<br />
delivery over the remainder of this year, and the lowest<br />
price obtainable seems to be $50 furnace. For delivery in<br />
the first half of next year, however, 10,000 tons have been<br />
sold within a few days on the base of $45, furnace, but it<br />
is doubtful whether any more $45 iron will be available.<br />
Sales of Ohio silvery are being made at the new quotation<br />
of $62.40, delivered "Cleveland, an advance of $2. On Alabama<br />
iron sales are being made of iron analyzing 2.75 to<br />
3.25 sil. at $44.25, Birmingham, whereas the regular differential<br />
would call for a quotation of $45.<br />
\\\ quote delivered Cleveland as follows, based on 40c switching<br />
cliarge for local iron, a $1.40 freight rate from Valley points, anil<br />
$5 from Birmingham:<br />
Xorthern, No. 2 fdy. sil. 1.75 to 2 25 $50.40<br />
Southern foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2 75 48.25<br />
Ohio silvery, sil. 8 per cent 62.40<br />
Old Rubber.—Very dull and prices onlv nominal.<br />
Wholesale dealers' buying quotations arc:<br />
Boots and shoes b |„ fii^<br />
I rimmed artics -! . I : 5<br />
Auto tires _'2-5 io 23-3<br />
Bicycle tires I 1 , to I'i<br />
Solid tires 2 to 2J/.<br />
Xo. 1 inner tulces 11'; to 12J/<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4^/<br />
Mixed red scrap 3'_ to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap \'/2 to 2<br />
Cotton lire Imse i.^ to ] y<br />
Garden hose 17 to 1<br />
Old Bags.—Better tone continues wilb slightly more<br />
business. Wholesale dealers' prices are:<br />
No. 1 whites $10.50 lo $11.00<br />
Xcc. 2 whites 5.50 to 5.75<br />
Thirds and blots 3.25 to 3.50<br />
Straight garments 2.00 to 2.10<br />
Hard hack carpets 175 to 1.85<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Paper Stock.—Market continues stronger than usual.<br />
Wholesale dealers' buying quotations for New York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $3.15 to $3.25<br />
Crumpled news 1.90 to 2.CII<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap Iron, Xew York.—Buying for Pittsburgh consumption<br />
has again forced up the priee of heavy melting<br />
steel, the figures paid in this district alone affecting the<br />
Xew York market, since very little steel is being sold for<br />
eastern Pennsylvania. The prices we quote are dependent<br />
on present freight rates, and may not apply to prices<br />
paid for delivery when rates have been advanced. Most<br />
brokers are assuming deliveries will have to be made under<br />
the freight advance, taking the profit themselves if they arc<br />
fortunate enough to ship before the increase.<br />
Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are quoting lo<br />
local foundries per gross ton:<br />
Xo. 1 machinery cast $41.00 to $42.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building materials,<br />
etc.) cupola size 40.00 to 41.00<br />
Xo. 1. heavy cast, not cuplola size 32.00 to 33.00<br />
X T o. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc.) 29.00 tn 30.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. in diam.. not under<br />
2 ft. long) 20.00 to 20.50<br />
Stove plate 26.00 to 27.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago.— An important local manufacturer<br />
has made large purchases of malleable at a maximum<br />
of $32.50 per gross ton. It is understood that big lots of<br />
re-rolling rails have also been bought recently at $37.50<br />
to $3ft.50 per gross ton. Stove plate is also fairly active<br />
and, influenced by the strength of Eastern markets, dealers<br />
are buying melting steel at advancing prices. Rolling mill<br />
grades and cast scrap are dull. On the whole, there have<br />
been few price changes but some sellers are optimistic<br />
and look forward to an active fall. Two of the important<br />
steel interests are expected to re-enter the market for<br />
melting steel. Owing to the tight financial situation, many<br />
country dealers are pressing their offerings to convert their<br />
stocks into cash.<br />
We quote delivery in consumers' yards, Chicago and vicinity,<br />
all freight and transfer charges paid, as follows:<br />
Per Net Ton<br />
Nn 1 cnst $36.00 to $37.DO<br />
Boiler punchings 27.50 tn 28.00<br />
Locomotive tires, smooth 24.00 to 24.50<br />
Machine shop turnings 9.50 to 10.00<br />
Cast borings 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Stove nlate 28 50 to 29.0(1<br />
tote 1-irs 29.00 to 50.00<br />
Rrnl-p .lines 26.50 to 27.IM")<br />
R^Tcad malleable •• » 50 to 29.00<br />
Agricultural malleable 28.01 to 28.50<br />
Country mixed »•
264 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUCUST 20. 1920<br />
is credited with having bought a sulistautial tonnage of cast<br />
iron borings for its Ohio works, Youngstown, Ohio, for<br />
which it is said to have paid $20 per gross ton delivered.<br />
Offerings of all kinds of cast scrap are extremely limited<br />
and very firmly priced. As high as $37 has been paid for<br />
a tonnage of heavy breakable cast for immeuiate delivery.<br />
Railroads are functioning a little better in the matter of<br />
moving scrap and providing cars for its shipment.<br />
Wc quote for delivery to consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh and<br />
oilier districts lhat take Pittsburgh freight rates as follows:<br />
Cast iron wheels $42.00 to $43.00<br />
Rolled sleel wheels 31.00 to 32.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 15.50 to 16.00<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 22.50 to 23.00<br />
Short shoveling turnings 20.00 to 20.50<br />
Heavy breakable cast 36.00 to 36.50<br />
Stove plate 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Cast iron borings 20.00 to 21.00<br />
Xo. 1 railroad wrought 33.00 to 34.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York— The market is very quiet and<br />
lhe inclination of dealers is not to load up on metals.<br />
Dealers' buying prices are as follows:<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible $15.75<br />
Copper, liglit and bottoms 13.00<br />
Coper, heavy and wire 14.75<br />
Brass, heavv 9.75<br />
Brass light ~-2\<br />
Heavy machine composition 15.25<br />
Xc 1 vellow brass turnings 9.50<br />
Xo 1 red brass or composition turnings 12.25<br />
i.ea.l, Heavv 7.50<br />
Lead, tea 5.00<br />
Zinc 5-25<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.—Market quiet and prices unchanged.<br />
Dealers' buying prices for less than carload lets<br />
a re:<br />
Red brass 13.50<br />
Yellow Icrass. heavy 9.00<br />
Yellow brass, borings 10.00<br />
Heavy wire 15.50<br />
Heavy copper 13.50<br />
Copper clips 13.50<br />
Copper bottoms 11.50<br />
Lead pipe 6.25<br />
Tea lead 3.00<br />
Tin foil : 30.00<br />
Block tin pipe 35.00<br />
Zinc<br />
Pewter, No. 1<br />
SHEETS AND METALS<br />
4.00<br />
25.00<br />
Hlack and Galvanized Sheets.—Receipts continue to<br />
keep apace with demands and in some cases an impression<br />
on back orders is being made.<br />
Tin Plate.—Very little stock is available for the fourth<br />
quarter and sellers are trying to arouse interest in next<br />
year's orders.<br />
Copper.— Conditions remain unchanged but there is talk<br />
among some producers despite the lack of demand of advancing<br />
prices to cover the approaching increased freight<br />
rates.<br />
Tin.—so interest is shown by consumers, dealers or<br />
speculators and the market is as dull as ever known.<br />
Lead.—the expected price advance has occurred and<br />
notwithstanding the demand has improved.<br />
Zinc.—More interest has been shown during the past<br />
week but producers are not inclined to quote as far ahead<br />
as the fourth quarter because of the uncertainties of their<br />
costs.<br />
Antimony.—This market continues to be inactive. Chinese<br />
and Japanese now being quoted at 9 to 10 cents per<br />
pound.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh.—Despite the falling away in the<br />
demands from the automotive industry the pressure for tonages<br />
is quite as heavy as it has been at any time recently.<br />
Apparently other consumers have been encouraged by the<br />
news of the decline in automobile accessory requirements<br />
You can Build up your Ventilator<br />
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BURTS<br />
Notice Sliding Sleeve Damper (Patented)<br />
1'lease quote METAL WORKER. PLUMBEB AMD STEAM FITTER<br />
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Kurt design, workmanship and materials are<br />
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Vou will find our proposition unusually interesting.<br />
THE BURT MANUFACTURING GO.<br />
300 Main Street, Akron, Ohio<br />
GEO. AV. REED & CO., Montreal,<br />
Sole Manufacturers of Burt Ventilator* for
AUGUST 20, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 265<br />
to believe that they were in a better position to secure<br />
steel. The American Sheet & Tin Plate Co. is confining its<br />
bookings entirely to tonnages where buyers are providing<br />
the steel. This company has taken no such business in the<br />
past few days, although" in the lack of any material increase<br />
in the shipments of steel from its regular sources it may<br />
again open its books for conversion orders. Independents<br />
are still taking a little early shipment-business at fancy<br />
prices, sales of black sheets 'being noted from 8 to 8.50c,<br />
base; of galvanized from 9 to 9.50c, and of blue annealed<br />
from 6.50c to 7.25c Independent sheet mill operations<br />
have declined somewhat from the July average, whieh was<br />
in excess of 80 per cent of capacity. The American Sheet<br />
& Tin Plate Co. recently had only 30 per cent of its sheet<br />
mills running, due to the failure of steel supplies from regular<br />
sources. All makers have comparatively large stocks<br />
piled up awaiting shipments, those of the independent companies<br />
being estimated at more than 100,00 tons.<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgh.— Buyers are importuning independent<br />
companies to enter orders for fourth quarter of<br />
this vear and the first quarter and half of next year. Manufacturers<br />
have so little tonnage available for shipment over<br />
the remainder of the year that the more general disposition<br />
is to decline such business. Some orders, however, have<br />
heen accepted by one maker on a basis of $9 per base box<br />
Pittsburgh. Stock items still are being eagerly sought and<br />
the price largely is in the hands of sellers. Generally stock<br />
tin plate is selling at $9 to $10, but it is rumored that as<br />
much as $12 has been obtained by some makers.<br />
NOTES AND PRICES<br />
Linseed Oil. Demand is light and no surplus stock at<br />
mills In lots of 5 bbl. and over, city raw American seed<br />
is quoted at $1.46 to $1.51, and out-of-town raw American<br />
seed is quoted at $1.-16 to $1.51. In lots of less than 5 bbl.<br />
3c. more per gallon is asked. Boiled oil brings 2c more<br />
per gallon than raw oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.—Demand continues light In<br />
machine barrels in yard, the wholesale price is quoted at<br />
$1.62 per gallon.<br />
Rosin—Stocks in yard improving, but lower grades are<br />
still scarce. On the basis of 280 lb. to the barrel the<br />
wholesale price of common-to-good strained is $13.50.<br />
Grade D is $16.10.<br />
Iron and Steel Pipe.—Makers in this district have experienced<br />
little if any improvement in the shipping situation.<br />
In fact, the more gelieral report is that conditions are worse<br />
than they have been, as the railroads are extremely careful<br />
in seeing that cars with sides of more than 38 in are not<br />
placed for loading pipe. New demands appear to be somewhat<br />
less urgent but the obligations ot manufacturers show<br />
no decrease.<br />
Foundry Coke.—It is possible not only to quote lower<br />
prices on beehive oven coke than have prevailed recently,<br />
but the market is easier to the extent that it is possible<br />
to secure supplies to-day, where a fortnight ago, even at<br />
higher prices, demands were to be covered only with considerable<br />
difficulty. The car supply in the Connelsville re<br />
gion has been progressively better over the past two weeks<br />
and p oduction and shipments have been rising in keeping<br />
with the development. Larger shipments against contracts<br />
has lessened the 1 spot demand ^ " ^ " ^ ^ ^ ^<br />
for the fact that some tonnage is available to-day. While<br />
ales of spot furnace coke recently have been made as high<br />
.S.1 .50 for tonnages of low sulphur and low phosphorus<br />
nleX -- been lone. Eighteen » ^ =<br />
11,6 ** °" S' offered 1 S__^t£»5 net SfotS.<br />
K b fo? spot coke to-day is quotable at $17.50 to<br />
$18 f" furnace and $18 to $19 for foundry.<br />
_ ,.,.....,. - CEH, PLUMBER AND<br />
VOCEf<br />
I PATENTED<br />
FROST-PROOF<br />
CLOSETS<br />
are helping plumbers to<br />
build bigger business<br />
from existing buildings<br />
Your customers who are postponing<br />
new building operations will be glad<br />
to avail themselves of the convenience<br />
of the VOGEL in unheated places,<br />
such as the garage, back porch or<br />
yard.<br />
You can meet this demand<br />
with the VOGEL.<br />
It is simple to install.<br />
All ready assembled and<br />
tested when you get it.<br />
No pit needed.<br />
Ask your jobber or<br />
send to us for catalogue.<br />
Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
Wilmington<br />
Delaware<br />
Commends Furnace Article<br />
So many of the successful furnace men bear testimony<br />
of the benefit they have derived from reading<br />
our publication that we would neglect a duty if we<br />
did not present tbe following letter from R. W.<br />
Menk, of the Excelsior Steel Furnace Co., Chicago,<br />
111.:<br />
Mr. Frank K. Chew,<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER,<br />
243 West 39th Street,<br />
Xew York City, N. Y.<br />
Mv cle ar Mr - Chew: i.**.-<br />
I note vour article in reference to my^lette.<br />
of July 13<br />
hope that<br />
S°_#fes=xB=<br />
F--HSs a Ks. _ hs.<br />
tention to the installattm£gaf » ;lU times,<br />
Assuring you ot my neartj L" "i<br />
1 am Verv truly yours,<br />
' (Signed) R. W. MENK.<br />
T„_ .ANITARY ENGINEERING CO.. 411 Union Arcade,<br />
T "tfsbu"!! Pa., is issuteg a bulletin illustrating<br />
andI describing the sanitary septic tanks tor res,d„cs<br />
farm houses and industrial towns as man^<br />
u acturcd by it- The bulletin sliows the plan and<br />
S o n o/the tank and contains a shor t «£Ration<br />
of the bacterial action taking place in the<br />
duction of the sewage.<br />
STEAM FITTER when writing to advertisers
266 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide changes in<br />
price continue.<br />
for heavy work. It gives you the heat you need just when you<br />
want it and does it without a blower. It is efficient, durable,<br />
simple e conomical.<br />
Shipped on Ten Days Trial<br />
Write us today for further information and free 10-day approval<br />
offer and let us show you what the Red-Devil will do right on<br />
your own work.<br />
The Vesuvian Products Company<br />
13831 Mayfair Avenue Cleveland, Ohio<br />
Actus. 20, 1920<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks.<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sufliciently heavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticable<br />
to name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
5 in 4.25 4.05 3.00<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over 5J_ in 4.90 4.50 3.50<br />
99% pure, in ingots for remelt 6 in 5.05 4.75 4.00<br />
ing, 100-lb. lots—37 to 39c. 7 in 6.50 7.50<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
ELBOWS AND SHOES—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb. Galvanized Steel—<br />
9c to 10c Plain Round and Corrugated—<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET—<br />
All sizes up to 6 in 5C%<br />
Base price Nominal Square-<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
Square 40%<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4.50 Copper-<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
All sizes Net List<br />
Corrugated—<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings-<br />
Round or Square-<br />
Standard list..Prices on application<br />
.12<br />
Galvanized steel 30% LEAD— METAL LATH—<br />
Toncan or ingot 15% American Under 100 I'ig. sq. per yd. lie per ..lie sq. to yd. lU.c 40c<br />
Copper 10% PAINTS, OILS, ETC.—<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe-<br />
Leads—<br />
Galvanized 20%<br />
Lead, American White, in Oil,<br />
Spiral Riveted—<br />
kegs less than 500 lbs., 15J/sc<br />
Galvanized On application<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. tin<br />
(See also elbows and shoes;<br />
pails; add to keg price J4<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers,<br />
Conductor.)<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.)<br />
COPPER—<br />
Lake ingot 21-21' J c<br />
Electrolytic 20-21c<br />
Casting 19.4-20c<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per<br />
lb., 29^_c mill.<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 lb. lots<br />
and over.<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per Ib.<br />
advance.<br />
Colled Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier<br />
per lb. advance over hot rolled.<br />
Polished— 48 in.<br />
long 48 in.<br />
and to<br />
less . 96.in.<br />
sq. ft. sq. it.<br />
10 jn. wide and under 6c 7c<br />
10 in. to 36 in. wide... 5c 6c<br />
Over 36 in. wide 8c 9c<br />
Planished, lHc per sq. ft. more<br />
than Polished.<br />
Bottom, Pitts and Flats, 24 oz.<br />
base and heavier, per lb 38c<br />
Tinning— 96. in.<br />
long<br />
and Over<br />
less 96.in..<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft.<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c 6c<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c 7c<br />
Over 48 in. wide 7c 8c<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot, 25%<br />
Galvanized steel 40%<br />
Copper 10%<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS—<br />
Lap or Slip Joint, 10% above list.<br />
CHARCOAL STOVE PIPE<br />
ELBOWS-<br />
NO. 1 No. 2 No. 3<br />
4 in $4.00 $3 90$ 2.75<br />
4-V_ in 4.10 3.95 2.85<br />
C<br />
ROSIN—<br />
Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
Common to good strained (whole private brands very according to<br />
sale), 280 lbs., per bbl $12.50 composition.<br />
SHEETS—<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES—<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
Yaeger's Salts:<br />
Cents per lb. 1-lb. cans, each 60<br />
No. 10, per lb 6.50-8.00 5-lb. cans, each $3.00<br />
No. 12, per lb 6.55-8.05 A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
No. 14. per lb 6.60-8.10 Gallon $1.25<br />
No. 16, per lb 6.70-8.20 12-gal. Carboy ...,90c per gallon<br />
Black— One Pass. C R.<br />
(Jug and carboy extra)<br />
Soft Steel Callahan's Non-Corrosive, per<br />
No. 18 to 20, per lb 7.S0-. 9.B0 gal $1.75<br />
No. 22 to 24, per lb 7.85- 9.85 SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
No. 26, per lb 7.90- 9.90 Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 50c<br />
No. 27, per lb 7.95- 9 95 In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
No. 28. per lb 8.00-10.00 per lb.<br />
No. 29, per lb 8.05-10.05 In lots of less than 100 lbs., ad<br />
No. 30, per lb 8.25-10.25 vance 4c per lb.<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 wide,<br />
STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR-<br />
10c higher<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
Wellsville Polished—<br />
Copper $2.80 $3.75 $5.75 $9.00 dz.<br />
Lead, Red, in Oil, less than 500<br />
20 gauge 11.10c Galv SO 1.15 1.65 2.75 dz.<br />
lbs., 15c<br />
22 and 24 gauge 11.20c TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
Dry Colors—<br />
26 gauge 11.30c Straits, pigs per lb 52c<br />
Red Venetian, American,<br />
28 gauge 11.50c Straits, in bars, per lb—57c to 62c<br />
Per 100 lbs., 2J_ to 5c<br />
Galvanized—<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
Cents per lb. Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00<br />
Nos. 12 and 14 9.111-11.10 N. B.—The price of 14 x 20<br />
Red, per ton 35.00 40.00<br />
No. 16 9.25-11.25 "AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
Oils—<br />
Nos. 18 and 20 9.40-11.40 IC, 14 x 20 $16.50<br />
Linseed City Raw $1.46 to $1.51<br />
Nos. 22 and 24 9.25-11.55 IX, 14 x 20 18.75<br />
Linseed, Boiled, advance, per<br />
No. 26 9.70-11.70 IXX, 14 x 20 20.50<br />
gal 2c<br />
No. 27 9.85-11.85 IXXX, 14 x 20 22.25<br />
Out of Town American Seed<br />
No. 28 10.00-12.00 IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
ret $1.46 to $1.51<br />
No. 30 10.50-13 00 "A" Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
Spirits Turpentine—<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide, IC, 14 x 20 $14.25<br />
Tn Machine Bbl $1.62<br />
20c higher IX, 14 x 20 16.25<br />
PUTTY—<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized— IXX, 14 x 20 18.00<br />
2y2 Pure tubs, 120 lbs., per lb 4.50c<br />
in. corrugations, 30 per 100 lbs. IXXX, 14 x 20 19.75<br />
In 1-lb to 5-lb. tins, 6.00 to 7.35c<br />
over flat sheets.<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 21.50<br />
REGISTERS—<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Painted-<br />
Coke Plates, Bright-<br />
Cast Iron 10%<br />
Prices quoted on application. Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for<br />
2_2-in. Corrugation<br />
80-Ib $11.80<br />
White Japan or Electro plate and<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
90-lb 11.90<br />
Small Faces and Borders 20%<br />
No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
100-lb 12.00<br />
Wall Frames ...20%<br />
No. 26, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IC 12.25<br />
Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and<br />
No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IX 13.25<br />
larger 40%<br />
SLATE ROOFING—<br />
IXX 14.25<br />
Base Board Registers 20%<br />
F. O. B. cars, Quarry Station. IXXX 15.25<br />
Base Board Intakes 20%<br />
Per Square IXXXX 16.25<br />
White Enameled Goods 5%<br />
According Terne Plate-<br />
Solid Brass or Bronze Goods, ex<br />
Pennsylvania— to size Small lots, 8-lb. Coating:<br />
cept Grilles Net<br />
Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00 100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
Grilles in Black and White Japan<br />
No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9.00 IC, 14 x 20 9.50<br />
or Electroplate in Cast Iron Plain<br />
Pen Argyl 7.75 to 8.25 IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
Lattice, Design. Smaller than<br />
Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50 IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
14 x 14 in.,<br />
No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75 squared:<br />
Prices on application<br />
Vermont—<br />
12-lb. Coating $11.50<br />
ROOFING MATERIAL—<br />
No. 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50 15-lb. Coating 11.75<br />
r<br />
1-PIy Tarred Paper, per ton,<br />
Unfading Green 6.50 to 13 50 20-lb. Coating 12.25<br />
A Real Fire Pot<br />
$102.00<br />
Red 22.00 30-lb. Coating 13.50<br />
per roll, 108 sq. ft.<br />
Maine—<br />
35-lb. Coating 14.25<br />
BLAST GATES<br />
2-Ply Tarred Paper $1,60<br />
VESUVIAN « ? ^<br />
Brownsville, Unfading Black,<br />
M. F. Grade 13.50<br />
3-Ply Tarred Paper 2.00<br />
No. 1 $14.00 40-lb Coating 15.00<br />
Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
Slaters felt, 30-lb roll 2.00 WASTE COTTON—<br />
Prices on application<br />
40-lb. roll 2.25 Per lb. in 5-lb. bags 22c<br />
RED-DEVIL NO. 20 Roofing Pitch, per ton $30.00<br />
SOLDER—<br />
ZINC SHEETS—<br />
1<br />
Open per lb 15c<br />
-- to ' _, guaranteed 38c Western Slabs 10-llc<br />
There's nothing like it for helping you out on a rush job or No. 1 35c Sheets No. 9 base casks 14J_c<br />
Refined 30c<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Made by<br />
BERGER BROS. CO.<br />
Are Strong and Durable<br />
They are designed to close pipes supplying blast to<br />
furnaces, f<strong>org</strong>es, boilers, etc., or for controlling heated<br />
air in connection with fan systems of heating.<br />
Largest assortment of sizes, our prices are lowest.<br />
229-231 ARCH ST. PHILADELPHIA
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> _> <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
FLORAL PARK, N. Y., AUGUST 27, 1920.<br />
The Magazine for<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
VOLUME 94, No. 9<br />
Simplified Layout for Puttyless Skylight<br />
A Simple But Substantial Construction<br />
Used in Competitive Skylight Work<br />
BY CONTRACTOR<br />
RECENTLY an order was received to make some<br />
flat skylights in the shop involving about 900 sq.<br />
ft. glazed with %,-in. thick wire glass. In other<br />
words, there were thirty skylights of the flat style,<br />
the pitch being made in the wooden curb, each skylight<br />
measuring 3 x 10 ft., the bar running the 3-ft. way.<br />
There was quite some competition on this job, and<br />
as the contract was taken long before the increase in<br />
WM/M///M//M<br />
ih Girth for bar<br />
for the entire skylight: One for the curbs, one for<br />
the bar and one for the caps. The formations of the<br />
various sections were such that the least amount of<br />
material was required.<br />
The skylights were placed over enclosed wagon and<br />
storage sheds. The roofs had an angle of 30 deg.<br />
and were covered with standing seam tin roofing. The<br />
skylight frames were of wood, flashed 6 in. above the<br />
roof line.<br />
The various constructions were as follows: The<br />
metal curbs were drafted to use but 4-in. girth; the<br />
skvlight bar 3y2-_a. girth; the caps 1%-in. girth<br />
and the caps were secured with soft copper wire 1-16<br />
pip/.i_W£ m 'Th_ C -ectional view of the bar and cap with full-<br />
' " f/ '"""••' size girth measurements is shown in Fig. 1. Note<br />
the simple formation of the bar and cap. lhe glass<br />
l&Girth for cap<br />
FIG. 1 SECTIONAL VIEW OF BAR AND CAP WITH<br />
DIMENSIONS<br />
wages became effective, it was necessary to detail a<br />
construction which would be of sufficient strength,<br />
meet the approval of the architect, and save material<br />
and time in bending the curbs and bars. In short,<br />
a metallic construction had to be drafted of sufficient<br />
strength, made of No. 24 galvanized iron.<br />
As the skylight was to be puttyless, care had to be<br />
taken in its construction to provide for any fine snow<br />
or rain which might seep to the inside, being careful<br />
in the formation of the bars and curbs to carry to the<br />
outside any leakage.<br />
After making various rough drafts, the form of<br />
construction shown in tlie accompanying illustrations<br />
was decided upon. This greatly simplified the pattern<br />
cutting, as onlv three miter cuts were required<br />
Profile, for hock and<br />
sides of curb.<br />
4 Girth for curb on all four aides<br />
FIG. 2—SECTIONAL VIEW OF CURB WITH GIRTH<br />
MEASUREMENTS<br />
lavs upon the %-in. edge, as shown, and. should any<br />
storm drive in snow or rain under the capping, it will<br />
run at a pitch into the gutters a, a, and dram into the
268 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
!<br />
1<br />
-»<br />
1<br />
10<br />
—15"-— -^/_'— *-l}7-». -.15 '-» »-IS'-» -* 15 "-_<br />
.o Flat skylights like this.<br />
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BARS AND CURBS OF SKYLIGHT<br />
Fig. 4. Finding the Amount of Stock Required Fig. 5. Forming the Side and Back<br />
Fig. 6. Forming Lower Curb Fig. 7. Forming the Bar<br />
lower curb gutter sliown in Fig. 2, thence to the outside<br />
through the weep holes indicated by the arrow a.<br />
In the formation of the skylight bar in Fig. 1, only<br />
SYo-in. girth of metal is required and l^o-in. girth<br />
for the V-shaped cap. The formation of the curb for<br />
the back and sides is shown in Fig. 2 and from the<br />
measurements thereon indicated, 4-in. girth of metal<br />
will be needed.<br />
The profile for the lower curb is similar in shape<br />
and girth to tlie curb at back and sides, except that<br />
the upper flange A-B in the back curb is bent to the<br />
shape C-D in the profile for the front of the curb, all<br />
of which will be explained in this article. Note that<br />
the line of the glass rest in the bar profile E meets<br />
the line of the glass rest at both top and bottom of<br />
the skylight at h and i.<br />
Knowing the constructive features, the three patterns<br />
were laid out as in Fig. 3. The sectional view<br />
was drawn as shown, being careful to have the glass<br />
line of the bar run in line with the glass line of the<br />
curb, all as sliown; also to have the caps over the<br />
bar and curb in their proper relative positions, all<br />
as indicated in the drawings. X indicates the brass<br />
wood screw employed in securing the metal curb to the<br />
wood frame, after the frame was flashed with tin and<br />
painted. Note that the cap of the curb was bent inward<br />
at 19-20 so as to have a close fit against the<br />
curb at 20.<br />
PATTERN FOR CURB<br />
The pattern for the bar was developed as follows:<br />
On any vertical line as 1-9 place the girth of the curb<br />
numbered from 1 to 9, as shown by similar numbers<br />
on the vertical line 1-9. Through these small figures<br />
at right angles to 1-9 draw lines as shown, which intersect<br />
by lines drawn parallel to 1-9 from similar<br />
numbered intersections in the profile of curb.<br />
Fines drawn tlirougli intersections so obtained as<br />
indicated by A-B will be the desired miter cut for the<br />
four corners of the curb. Allow laps on the short<br />
sides of tlie curb, as shown by the dotted lines. All<br />
measurements must be taken from the arrow point,<br />
using this cut on all corners for the four sides of the<br />
curb.<br />
The pattern for the bar was obtained in a similar<br />
manner. The girth of the bar 10 to 13 to 10 was<br />
* •<br />
AUCIST 27. 1920<br />
Lj'<br />
Curbs<br />
placed upon the vertical line 10-10 below the sectional<br />
view, as shown by similar numbers, and from these<br />
small figures, at right angles to 10-10, the usual measuring<br />
lines were drawn and intersected by lines drawn<br />
from the intersections between the bar and curb in<br />
the sectional view, all as shown by the dotted lines,<br />
from the curb to the pattern.<br />
The outline, indicated by C-D in the bar pattern,<br />
then represents the miter cut to be used on both ends<br />
of the bar, making all measurements from the arrow<br />
point on line 13. Allow laps for soldering purposes,<br />
as indicated by the dotted lines.<br />
PATTERN FOR CAPS<br />
The pattern for the bar caps 14 to 16 to 14 is laid<br />
out as follows: At pleasure draw any vertical line as<br />
]'-_'. on whicli place the girth of the bar cap 14-15-<br />
16, as shown by similar numbers on V-aA Through<br />
these small figures at right angle to \'-a' draw lines<br />
indefinitely, as shown. At pleasure draw any vertical<br />
line 1-a in the sectional view. Now measuring from<br />
1-a, take the various projections to points 17-18 and<br />
19 and place them on the lines 14-15 and 16, respectively,<br />
in the pattern for bar cap, measuring in each<br />
instance from the line \'-a', thus obtaining the miter<br />
cut E-F-G.<br />
The pattern for the curb cap is obtained in a similar<br />
manner. Draw any vertical line as \"-a", on<br />
which place the girth of the curb cap 17-18-19-20 in<br />
the sectional view, as shown by similar numbers on<br />
\"-a". Through these small figures at right angles<br />
to 1"-_.'' draw lines indefinitely, as shown.<br />
Now, measuring from the line 1-a in the sectional<br />
view, take the various projections to points 17-18-19<br />
and 20 and place them on similar numbered lines in<br />
the pattern, measuring in each instance from the line<br />
\"-a", thus obtaining the miter cut H-b. Allow laps<br />
on the short sides, as indicated by the dotted lines.<br />
On the upper curb, where this cap intersects the<br />
bars 15 in. on centers, as shown in Fig. 4, it is notched<br />
out, as shown in the pattern for curb cap in Fig. 3,<br />
by L-M, and over this notch the pattern cut for bar<br />
cap E-F-G miters.<br />
When the patterns were laid out, a rough diagram<br />
was made which indicated the number of bars and the<br />
size of glass to order from the factory.
AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
It may not be out of place to mention here that<br />
quite a saving results if the glass is ordered before<br />
the skylights are made up. Then the glass is shipped<br />
direct from the factory, resulting in quite a savin*<br />
in cash.<br />
8<br />
CONSTRUCTION<br />
All the bars and curb were cut on the squaring<br />
shears to make quick work and the forming of the<br />
curb for back and sides was done as shown in Fig. 5:<br />
The sketch was made as shown in Fig 4 There The hem edge a and a was first bent right and left,<br />
were thirty of these skylights 3 x 10 ft. Eight di as indicated. A square bend was next made at b, then<br />
visions were put in the length, making each division a bend at 45 deg. at c and another square bend at _'.<br />
35 in., 8X15 = 120; 120 — 12 == 10 ft. Thus Bend c was placed between the jaws of the brake and<br />
each skylight required seven skylight bars and seven closed, as indicated at d.<br />
Ar<br />
The leakage gutter was obtained by making a %-in.<br />
bend on 2, as shown in the third diagram at e. This<br />
made a strong curb for the back and sides of the skylight.<br />
The bending of the front of the curb, shown in<br />
Fig. 2, was done as shown in Fig. 6. Here the curb<br />
was formed the same as shown by a-c-a in Fig. 5.<br />
The height b x was set off on b a, as called for in<br />
Fig. 2, or % in., and a square bend was made, bringing<br />
the formation, as shown by / in Fig. 6. The distance<br />
from / to Y was made Y2 in., as called for in<br />
Fig. 2, a square bend made, bringing the shape as<br />
shown by g h i in Fig. 6. Bend h was then clamped<br />
together in the brake and the leakage gutter formed<br />
up as at e in Fig. 5, thus obtaining the profile for<br />
the front or lower side of curb shown in Fig. 2.<br />
The forming of the bar is shown in the four diagrams<br />
in Fig. 7. The bends a, b and c were first<br />
made, the distance c-d made 1 in. and a square bend<br />
made as shown by e; e-f was made % in. and a square<br />
bend made on f, bringing the formation as shown by<br />
h g. Bend h was now clamped tight in the brake, at<br />
i, thus completing the bar.<br />
The caps need no description in bending, as they<br />
are so simple. After the upper curb was set together in<br />
H<br />
SO<br />
10-ft. lengths, the 15-in. bar centers were marked off<br />
I Patt ern for<br />
on the gutter edge, as shown in Fig. 8, % in. meas<br />
I<br />
q> -Q<br />
to<br />
1<br />
Measure<br />
from arrow<br />
' point.<br />
Pattern<br />
for bar.<br />
j curb cap<br />
\<br />
J<br />
19<br />
IB<br />
17<br />
L<br />
A .<br />
\<br />
ured on either side of these centers, and the 1-in.<br />
width of the lower pant of the skylight bar notched<br />
out, and flattened, as sliown. This allowed for the<br />
mitering of the bar at the top of the curb, the upright<br />
corners a being soldered to make a tight joint.<br />
The intersection of the bar with the lower curb is<br />
shown in Fig. 9. This lower curb was notched similar<br />
to Fig. 8, the joint being indicated in Fig. 9 by b.<br />
Note that the bar a joined the %-in. bend a of the<br />
FIG. 3 DEVELOPING THE PATTERNS<br />
curb at a.<br />
In the center of each light of glass a round hole<br />
bar caps, or a total of 7 X 30, or 210, skylight bars was punched from the inside with a prick punch, as<br />
36 in. long, measured from the arrow point on the pat shown by the black circles c and c. This allowed for<br />
tern; also 210 bar caps 36 in. long, with a miter cut the escape of any seepage.<br />
on one end only, the lower end being cut square.<br />
Sixty side curbs were required, each 36 in. long,<br />
CAPPING THE BARS AND CURBS<br />
measuring from the arrow point on the pattern, also When all the skylights were put together copper<br />
60 curb caps 36 in. long. Sixty curbs, 10 ft. long, wire cleats 1-16 in. thick were soldered to the bar and<br />
were required, measuring from the arrow point in the curbs about 15 in. apart. These copper wires could<br />
pattern, for both upper and lower curbs. As the di have been soldered to the sides of the bars and curbs,<br />
visions between the bars measured 15 in. and as the but the better way was to set them between the folded<br />
metal of the bars was doubled, an allowance had to metal.<br />
be made to allow for the expansion and contraction, The location of the wire cleat being known, a slight<br />
so that the glass was ordered 14% in. wide.<br />
tap with the corner of the hammer upon the bar, as<br />
Referring to Fig. 2, it will be noted that the glass at A in Fig. 10, made a slight dent in the metal, or<br />
projected beyond the curb line C % hi- As the length just enough to keep the prick punch from slipping<br />
of the bar was 36 in., as in Fig. 4, then 36 + % = off, when a hole was punched to receive the copper<br />
36l/o in. in length. An allowance of % in. was made wire B, which was allowed to enter % in., as at a,<br />
for expansion, so that the glass was ordered 36% in. and project !/2 ><br />
long. As there were eight lights of glass to each<br />
skylight, 30 X 8, or 240 lights of %-in. wire glass<br />
14% x 36% in. was ordered from the factory.<br />
n " as a ^ B. With large pliers the<br />
punched hole was closed tight and the copper wire<br />
soldered.<br />
After the glass was laid in position, as shown in<br />
269
270 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
the diagram to the right,the position of the wire cleats firmly on to the glass, as at C, then the copper wire<br />
were marked on the cap and, using a solid punch of turned down and over, as at D, which completed the<br />
FURTHER DETAILS OF BAR AND CURB FORMATION<br />
Fig. S. Notching the upright Fig. 10. Securing the metal Fig. 9. Joining bar to lower<br />
flange on back curb and capping curb and showing weep holes<br />
showing formation of back<br />
and sides<br />
just the right size holes were punched in the caps. job. Two men and a helper worked on those thirty<br />
The caps were slipped over the copper wires, pressed skylights and not a light of glass was broken.<br />
The Path That Leads To Money<br />
In The Bank<br />
EXT week there will be presented the first of the articles which will run for<br />
_\ several months to show THE PATH THAT LEADS The start was postponed to<br />
Sept. 3. There is no TO MONEY (N THE BANK dissenting voice when it is<br />
asserted that more manufacturers' product would be sold and more homes would<br />
enjoy comfort and conveniences if the man who knows how to do the mechanical<br />
work also knew how to do the merchandising work and was an adept at it. It is<br />
the purpose of these articles to make a man qualified to do just this.<br />
He will befriend the manufacturer and the family by getting the output into<br />
service by simply becoming active in seeing the home folks and becoming fluent,<br />
entertaining and instructive in showing them how even the farmer can have all the<br />
comforts of the citizens of the avenue.<br />
Those who will read and practice will find ifl£ PATH THAT LEADS a blazed<br />
trail easy to follow, with a welcome at every TO MONEY IN THE BANK inhabited<br />
crossing.<br />
Remember the date and after you have read the first article see that all your<br />
employees read and remember to put the suggestions into practice for the prosperity<br />
and pleasure of all in your community.<br />
I
AUGUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 271<br />
TWO GORDON HEATERS INSTALLED IN FOUNDRY OF PEERLESS FOUNDRV CO., CINCINNATI<br />
The building is 120 x 200 ft., with an average roof height of IS ft., and has a total exposed wall area of 7,300 sq.<br />
ft. and a total glass area of 9,700 sq. ft. of air per min. Kach Heater handles about 8,000 cu. ft. of air per min.<br />
The distance from he iter to the most remote corner is 135 ft.<br />
Mechanically Operated Hot Blast Heater<br />
Principle of Air Propulsion Embodied in<br />
Gordon Furnace for Use in Foundry or Shop<br />
F O R the purpose of reducing the amount of fuel<br />
used in heating the upper section of a building<br />
and to draw the heated air to the floor where it<br />
is needed, Robert Gordon, Inc., 622 West Monroe<br />
Street, Chicago, 111., has embodied the principle of<br />
air-propulsion in a hot-air furnace. In the Gordon<br />
CUT-AWAY VIEW OF OORDON FURNACE<br />
The inflowing air, entering at the bottom and side,<br />
passes through a series of staggered fins and tubes, where<br />
its temperature is raised to from SO deg. Fahr. to 400<br />
deg., as desired. The lieated air is drawn from the furnace<br />
by a multivane blower which forces it into the<br />
building through various outlets in the distribution<br />
chamber of the heater<br />
heater a mechanically driven multi-vane fan projects<br />
the heated air horizontally from the top of the furnace<br />
at a rate of from 5,000 to 15,000 cu. ft. per min..<br />
depending on the rated capacity of the installation.<br />
Because of its speed, the air rises only sufficiently to<br />
form a slight arc terminating at the sides of the<br />
building. Here its direction is determined by the suction<br />
of the furnace fan, which draws in the air on the<br />
floor level.<br />
Although the natural tendency of warm air is to<br />
rise, in this case the cold air pressing down from above<br />
and the vacuum created below forces it in a downward<br />
sweep back to the base of the heater. This<br />
scheme of circulation has the effect of holding approximately<br />
75 per cent of the heat units generated<br />
by the furnace within the breathing zone.<br />
In foundries a further advantage of the installa-<br />
I ion is the fact that the down current of comparatively<br />
dry warm air absorbs the steam rising from the molds<br />
on the floor.<br />
At the furnace the cycle of circulation, just described,<br />
is completed, the air on the floor being sucked<br />
in through an annular opening practically surrounding<br />
the base of the furnace and an aperture below the<br />
coal door, after wliich it is again forced out by the<br />
fan through the open leader pipes of the bonnet into<br />
the atmosphere of the shop.<br />
In a large machine shop, equipped with a Gordon<br />
furnace, careful thermometer readings taken near<br />
windows, in remote corners, at the floor level and at<br />
an elevation of 15 ft., it is stated, showed a range in<br />
temperature of only 5 deg.; and in another plant,<br />
tests showed a temperature of 68 deg. Fahr. at the<br />
iloor, 7-1 deg. at an elevation of 9 ft., -11 deg. at a<br />
point 18 ft. above the floor and 28 deg. just below<br />
the roof of the monitor at a height of 36 ft.<br />
OPERATION OF GRATES<br />
The grates in the Gordon heater are of the revolving<br />
shell bar tvpe with three wearing or burning surfaces,<br />
features which arc conducive to long service.
272 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27. 1920<br />
They operate in pairs in either direction and when<br />
revolved in the proper direction, will crush and dump<br />
cinders and clinkers. Grates of this type have a<br />
large free air surface, thus promoting the flow of the<br />
air through the coal and eliminating dead pockets in<br />
the fire. Through the mechanical projection of the<br />
warmed air from tlie furnace, the effectiveness of the<br />
heater is freed from the influence of outside atmospheric<br />
conditions, such as the direction or force of<br />
the wind.<br />
The furnace is usually installed in the middle of a<br />
plant structure, as the best results are obtained when<br />
conductor piping is unnecessary. However, in a few<br />
installations local conditions required placing the<br />
furnace outside the plant room to be heated and in<br />
those cases conductor piping was used with satisfactory<br />
results.<br />
The heater is built with an interior and front<br />
entirely of heavy cast iron, inclosed by a galvanized<br />
sheet metal casing. The diameter of the casing ranges<br />
from 51 to 60 in. and its height from 8 ft. 4 in. to 9<br />
ft., according to the size of the furnace installed.<br />
The heater is arranged to burn bituminous or anthracite<br />
coal, coke, oil and gas. The manufacturer<br />
has developed an oil burner that has a range of combustion<br />
from 1 to 12 gal. per hr. This is a power<br />
driven unit with a pressure blower and geared pump.<br />
England Chief Buyer of Machinery<br />
in June<br />
England continued the chief purchaser of American<br />
metal-working machinery in June, and Canada almost<br />
got into second place, according to the figures compiled<br />
by the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce,<br />
Washington, D. C. Out of a total exportation<br />
of metal-working machinery of $3,504,723 in that<br />
month, $894,566 worth went to England. Japan's<br />
share was $606,074 and Canada bought $604,333<br />
worth. France, which has been in second place in<br />
most months, dropped to $409,799. Out of the total,<br />
$846,583 represents the value of the lathes exported,<br />
$1,127,297 "other machine tools," $395,903 sharpening<br />
and grinding machines and $1,134,940, "all other<br />
metal-working machinery.<br />
More Furnace Trade Abroad?<br />
Suggestions on Providing More Abundant Cold Air<br />
Supply and Better Protection to Warm Air Piping<br />
1HERE is a tremendous fund of information based<br />
on experience that could be made available if the<br />
invitation were ac-<br />
cepted by American furnacemen<br />
to give information<br />
to the English furnaceman,<br />
whose letter appeared<br />
in the issue of July<br />
2, under the head of<br />
"More Furnace Trade<br />
Abroad?"<br />
"I feel like contributing<br />
something on this subject, '<br />
writes Charles N. Hayden,<br />
Arlington, Mass., "because<br />
I find that nine out of<br />
every ten furnaces that are<br />
not working right have an<br />
inadequate air supply. It<br />
is eitlier too small or the<br />
people have it almost completely<br />
shut off. There<br />
might be some interest in<br />
an experience I had recently.<br />
"I figured on a job for a<br />
man in West Roxbury. He<br />
called me up a few days<br />
later, saying my price was<br />
too high. I asked him how<br />
much toot high and he said<br />
$60.<br />
"My reply was, 'Well, 1<br />
hope you get a $60 better job at the same price.<br />
"A few davs later he<br />
PACLOE DINING<br />
ROOM<br />
BED<br />
COOM u<br />
called me and asked me if<br />
I could heat the bathrooms.<br />
There were two on the first<br />
W J c^OOM<br />
KUTCH EN<br />
and second floors at the extreme<br />
back of the two-family<br />
house. I told him I<br />
could. He said if I was<br />
sure I could heat the bathrooms<br />
I might have the<br />
job. He told me the other<br />
fellow was of the opinion<br />
PLAN- FIRST FLOOR.<br />
that as the bathrooms were<br />
so far from the furnace<br />
with so little pitch to the<br />
pipes, he could not be sure<br />
of heating them. I replied<br />
that if he did not get heat<br />
in the bathrooms, he could<br />
keep the $60.<br />
"I installed the job last<br />
December and after trying<br />
it out on a good cold dav<br />
_fLcri_N*A the man called me up and<br />
said, 'Everything is O. K.;<br />
come and get your money.'<br />
"As you will see by the<br />
plan, the job presented<br />
-.CT ION<br />
some difficulty. There was<br />
a furnace for each floor,<br />
and from one the run was<br />
over 30 ft. and from the<br />
THE JOB AND HOW IT WAS DONE<br />
other over 25 ft. The
AUGUST 27, 1920 METALWORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 273<br />
warm-air pipes were strapped to the floor timbers,<br />
without any pitch, and then they would have had<br />
to proceed through a cold space or cold-air storage<br />
closet before getting to the bathrooms. The question<br />
was how could it be done ?<br />
"I cut off the top of the door to the cold room and<br />
put in a header for the door, like a transom bar. To<br />
the floor timbers I fastened sheets of tin. I closed<br />
up the space in the cold room at one end and ran the<br />
pipes under the floor all the entire distance to the<br />
bathroom. I lined the space with asbestos paper,<br />
leaving the part next to the top of the door open into<br />
the main cellar. That virtually put the space in<br />
direct connection with the warm cellar. I then ran<br />
two warm-air pipes, both 8 in. in diameter, to the<br />
risers and the smoke pipe I ran underneath them<br />
as far as was required to reach the kitchen chimney<br />
with which it was connected, using 7-in. smoke pipe<br />
for the purpose. The accompanying sketches, plans<br />
and elevation make the work clear.<br />
"I proportioned my cold air supply duct on a basis<br />
of three-quarters of the area of all the warm-air pipes.<br />
This seemed to do everything that was required because<br />
the man was satisfied and I got the money."<br />
Care of Heaters In Summer<br />
BY SKRAP<br />
AGREAT deal has been said lately about the<br />
proper care of boilers and furnaces in the summer.<br />
While the information given has been more or<br />
less to the point, the writer believes one of the most<br />
important things has been overlooked. Here is a<br />
little personal experience along this line which carries<br />
the subject along a little farther.<br />
The shop has taken out a furnace for a customer<br />
which had been installed only about 4 years, but is<br />
a wreck. Now this is an exceptional case because<br />
the cellar is very wet in the summer and the furnace<br />
had not had proper care, but it serves to illustrate<br />
the point in question.<br />
On the other hand, the writer has just moved out<br />
of a house where he had lived for 22 years. When<br />
he moved into the house the furnace had been in<br />
about 3 years, which makes 2 years familiarity with<br />
its service. The furnace was second-hand when put<br />
in the house and it is not known how long it was used<br />
before that.<br />
The only repairs made to the furnace in 22 years<br />
was a new smoke pipe and one new radiator—the old<br />
one was of sheet metal. And when the writer left the<br />
house, the furnace seemed good for 20 years more.<br />
The wreck of the first furnace mentioned can only<br />
be accounted for by the fact that it was allowed to<br />
get wet and the preservation of the other furnace to<br />
the fact that it was kept perfectly dry during the<br />
summer.<br />
It may seem strange, but it is a fact, that a furnace<br />
with decent care does not burn out. At least 90 per<br />
cent of the wear is by rust and rust can be prevented<br />
by keeping the furnace dry.<br />
If the writer's chemistry is correct and written so<br />
as to be understood, coal in burning gives off a certain<br />
amount of sulphuric acid in the form of crystals.<br />
These crystals are comparatively harmless when dry,<br />
but when water is present, the acid becomes active<br />
and there is nothing that eats up iron faster. Adding<br />
to this the other fact that the sulphuric crystals have<br />
an extraordinary affinity for moisture which they absorb<br />
from the air faster than quick lime, there is a<br />
combination whose first, middle and last name is "Destruction"<br />
to all forms of heating apparatus.<br />
The only remedy is to keep the furnace dry. The<br />
method used by the writer, which he believes pretty<br />
nearly correct as he kept his furnace in good condition<br />
for 22 years, is to thoroughly clean the smoke pipe<br />
and all flues as soon as the coal fire is out. Then all<br />
the waste paper that accumulates about the house<br />
should be allowed to get perfectly dry, preferabh-- in<br />
the sun, and put into the furnace. Every 10 days or<br />
two weeks all during the summer this should be burned<br />
up. There are always cool nights or mornings or<br />
rainy days when this can be done without inconvenience<br />
and it pays big as it not only preserves the<br />
furnace but keeps the house itself from getting damp.<br />
THE NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL CONFERENCE BOARD<br />
has removed its headquarters from Boston to New<br />
York, and on Aug. 23 offices were established at 10<br />
Fast Thirty-ninth Street. An announcement is made<br />
that business executives and economists and others interested<br />
in the board's work will find at its offices<br />
much valuable information on industrial-economic<br />
subjects which is constantly being collected and analyzed.<br />
Magnus W. Alexander is managing director.<br />
Recipes From an Old Scrap Book
274 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
National Trade Extension Activitie<br />
A Co-operative Effort by the Dealers and Contractors<br />
to Increase Production, Eliminate Wase and Supply<br />
the Public with the Best Appliances Efficiently and<br />
Economically Installed<br />
T H E real purpose of the National Trade Extension<br />
Bureau of the plumbing and heating industry<br />
is co-operation for better service. Having<br />
successfully passed through its <strong>org</strong>anization period<br />
beset with the handicaps occasioned by the World<br />
War, it is now prepared to carry out its policy and<br />
to give service both to its members and to the public.<br />
There need be no fear that the work of this Bureau<br />
properly conducted will not serve a national want<br />
and, therefore, receive encouragement by all interests<br />
striving for the settlement of business unrest and the<br />
promotion of national prosperity.<br />
It is the purpose of this article to place before the<br />
reader the position that each of the groups composing<br />
this Bureau occupies—its relation to the others and to<br />
the public, and how each may receive a profitable<br />
return without infringing upon the rights of the others.<br />
In the first group are the dealers—comprising the<br />
manufacturers and jobbers in plumbing, heating and<br />
water supply appliances. It is their aim to have their<br />
goods known and used by the public, and as they sell<br />
only merchandise, they require the assistance of the<br />
second group—the contractors—to install these goods<br />
and make them a finished product. Right here the<br />
work of increased production, the elimination of waste<br />
and efficient and economical installation have their<br />
places. In the past we have had, on thc part of the<br />
dealers, the individual advertisement, the individual<br />
sales force and the curtailed territory, all of which<br />
were attended with waste, restricted production and<br />
poor installation.<br />
The individual advertisement, sometimes poorly<br />
worded or printed, often offended tliose to whom it<br />
was addressed and failed of its purpose. The reason<br />
for this can easily be ascribed to the fact that the<br />
writer failed to gauge the thoughts of his readers,<br />
having no centralized bureau from which this information<br />
could be obtained.<br />
TRAINING FOR EFFECTIVE SELLING<br />
The individual sales force also had its waste and<br />
mistakes, due to lack of proper training. The salesman<br />
was a law unto himself, often better known than<br />
the house he represented, building what he termed a<br />
personal following and swinging his trade at will from<br />
one dealer to anotlier as he traveled from place to<br />
place. The dealer was dependent almost entirely<br />
upon him to sell his goods to old customers and to<br />
create new ones, and very often the new field was<br />
entirely neglected because it was easier to sell in the<br />
old. This indirectly caused a decreased production<br />
and an undeveloped field. Overstocking shelves, misrepresenting<br />
goods, creating a spirit of pessimism (by<br />
narrating the difficulty of securing goods), are some<br />
of the evils and wasteful methods of this system.<br />
BY 1). F. DURKIN, JR., PRESIDENT OF THE NATIONAL<br />
ASSOCIATION OF MASTER PLUMBERS, INC.<br />
In the past a certain amount of waste was regarded<br />
as an unavoidable item of overhead. Now the tremendous<br />
increase in prices of even the cheapest articles<br />
makes it necessary for dealers to find a better<br />
and more economical method of marketing their goods<br />
and increasing the production to a point where it will<br />
bear a closer ratio to this increased overhead. We<br />
believe we have found the remedy for these evils in<br />
the Bureau's Individual Advertisement feature which<br />
will curtail or eliminate them by centralized advertising<br />
properly prepared.<br />
Individual salesmanship will be eliminated by a<br />
salesmanship properly trained from a central point<br />
and augmented by a large force of contractors receiving<br />
an education that changes them from disgruntled<br />
critics of an ancient business program to ardent supporters<br />
and, of necessity, trained salesmen in the industry<br />
represented. Of course, all will not measure<br />
up to the opportunities offered, but there will be a<br />
sufficient number to warrant the effort.<br />
BUSINESS TRAINING FOR TRADESMEN<br />
The lack of business training and the opportunity<br />
of securing it—tlie contractor drifting from the ranks<br />
of the mechanic into that of business man, qualified to<br />
install the job, but not to secure it, manage it or ascertain<br />
its cost. And then followed, as will often follow,<br />
the lack of real knowledge—the disposition to<br />
trick, skimp the job, substitute the imitation for the<br />
real article and gradually drift into a position where<br />
all efforts are directed towards low prices at the expense<br />
of character, personality and service.<br />
The Trade Extension Bureau will offer to this<br />
group the opportunity of learning the most approved<br />
methods of salesmanship and how to secure the job,<br />
office management, including record keeping, <strong>org</strong>anization,<br />
and directions for ascertaining the cost; including<br />
estimating, cost finding, etc. These modern methods<br />
must supplant tbe wasteful efforts of the contractors<br />
during the past if they are ambitious of conducting a<br />
successful business, and the majority, realizing the<br />
opportunity, will take advantage of it.<br />
TRADE PRESS IMPORTANT PART OF BUREAU<br />
There is another group associated with the Bureau<br />
that has its own interests with its own returns, that<br />
can and does give service beneficial to the others. We<br />
refer to the trade press, comprising the men engaged<br />
in the publication of information applicable to the<br />
industry. They are vitally interested in trade advancement<br />
as their publications are dependent upon the<br />
success of the dealers and contractors by whom thev<br />
are supported and whose interests they serve. They.<br />
therefore, are. an important part of the Trade Extension<br />
Bureau.
AUGUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 275<br />
If our thoughts are correct regarding the inefficient<br />
methods of the groups more directly interested in this<br />
centralized effort at business building, in order to<br />
secure their support to the movement it should be<br />
necessary only to convince them that we have adopted<br />
the correct plans with the necessary <strong>org</strong>anization for<br />
carrying them out. We shall, therefore, conclude this<br />
article with a short account of the Bureau, its management<br />
and its methods.<br />
THE HOME OF THE BUREAU AND ITS MANAGER<br />
Evansville, Ind., is the home of the Bureau. It<br />
might be located in any part of the country as its<br />
program applies to no particular section. Its management<br />
is vested in a board of directors consisting<br />
of dealers and contractors, who make its laws and<br />
look after its finances. Its offices and the carrying out<br />
of its plans are in charge of William J. Woolley, a<br />
master plumber and qualified expert in business build<br />
ing for the plumbing and heating industry. He has<br />
the assistance of men versed in salesmanship, office<br />
management, estimating, etc., and the required clerical<br />
force, office files, etc.<br />
This <strong>org</strong>anization, collecting useful data, planning<br />
new ideas, creating new business and sending the results<br />
of their work to its members, promises a reconstruction<br />
in our business methods with assured results<br />
to all. It would be the part of wisdom, tlierefore, that<br />
we try this new venture and give it our support.<br />
One of the groups, the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
of the United States, has, at its convention in<br />
Pittsburgh, reasserted its approval of the Bureau, repledged<br />
its support and appropriated one dollar per<br />
member from its funds as a contribution, so that each<br />
of its members may receive the Bureau's Monthly<br />
Service Bulletin. This action is worthy of imitation.<br />
Give us a united support and we will build bigger<br />
business for vou.<br />
Trade with Your Local Merchant It Pays<br />
BY HAMP WILLIAMS<br />
Every one in the hardware trade knows Hamp Williams of Hot Springs,<br />
Ark., says the editor of Hardware Age, who gives the following explanation of the<br />
article reprinted. They know him as a keen, efficient and successful hardware<br />
merchant and as a faithful and enthusiastic association worker. However, few<br />
realize that Hamp is also a capable writer on business subjects, a qualified contributor<br />
to magazines of national prominence.<br />
Some months ago the Delineator offered a prize of $500 for the best essay<br />
on the subject, "Why It Pays to Trade with Local Merchants."<br />
Mr. Williams wrote to the editor, giving his views on the subject, but disclaiming<br />
any desire to enter the contest. The editor replied promptly declaring Hamp's<br />
article to be one of the best submitted, and asking permission to publish it in<br />
pamphlet form and spread it broadcast over the country.<br />
Mr. Williams waived all rights in the contest, which did not close until July<br />
31, in order that it might be printed and distributed at once.<br />
In view of the fact that Hamp Williams is a recognized leader in the hardware<br />
field, and that his essay covers a subject of interest to the trade in general,<br />
we reproduce it as follows.<br />
T H E R E is a principle involved in every transaction,<br />
and that principle should be observed. Tliere<br />
is a right and wrong position to take. If it is<br />
right for the consumers to send their money to the<br />
catalog houses for their merchandise, they should do<br />
so, but if it is wrong, they should not do it.<br />
I will take for an example one of our hardware<br />
merchants in Hot Springs to prove that people should<br />
buy from their home merchants instead of sending<br />
tlieir money away. In the twenty-four years he has<br />
been in business, he has introduced and sold a great<br />
many movers and rakes on one, two and tliree years'<br />
time, which encouraged the farmers to increase their<br />
meadows and make the cost of the mower in hay before<br />
they had to pay for it.<br />
He has sold more than a thousand two-horse wagons<br />
at $10 down and $10 per month to men who had<br />
teams and no wagons and not enough money to pay<br />
all down for a new one. They were enabled to make<br />
the wagon pay for itself as the payments came due.<br />
When the Government farm demonstrator was tryino-<br />
to introduce hog cholera serum into this country<br />
to prevent hog cholera, it was a difficult matter to get<br />
the farmers to send away for it, and this man kept it<br />
in stock and furnished it to the farmers exactly at<br />
cost in order to get them to use it and save their<br />
hogs, which they did.<br />
He was the first man to introduce commercial fertilizer<br />
into this section, and was also the first to introduce<br />
two-horse cultivators and was told at the time<br />
liv some that he was doing the country a great injury<br />
bv selling the people fertilizers and cultivators. They<br />
contended that the Ge<strong>org</strong>ia stock and double shovels<br />
were the best tools for cultivation. And now there is<br />
little demand for Ge<strong>org</strong>ia stocks and double shovels.<br />
He introduced and sold the first disk harrows in<br />
tliis section.<br />
He manufactured, introduced and sold one of the<br />
first home canners for canning both fruits and<br />
vegetables.<br />
He has introduced many improved farm implements<br />
that have helped farmers to make more money, and<br />
many household and kitchen furnishings, gas. wood<br />
and coal ranges, wliich have proved a blessing to bun-
276 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
dreds of overworked women on our farms.<br />
He has made it possible for people to look at all<br />
these things before purchasing, and when introducing,<br />
has placed his personal guarantee behind them, agreeing<br />
to take them back if not entirely satisfactory.<br />
If these people had waited for the catalog houses<br />
to have presented and sold these improved articles<br />
to them on credit, giving them an opportunity to try<br />
them before paying, they would still be breaking their<br />
land with a No. 8 Avery plow and cultivating with<br />
a double shovel and Ge<strong>org</strong>ia stock. They would be<br />
cutting their crab grass and wild grass with scythes,<br />
and their grain with the old-style scythe and cradle.<br />
A personal guarantee from a local merchant means<br />
a great deal more to the consumer than a guarantee<br />
from some catalog house.<br />
This man that I refer to has erected one of the<br />
largest and best store buildings in the city and is a<br />
director in one of the banks, which has erected a sixstory<br />
bank building. He is president of the school<br />
board, which has had put up one of the best high<br />
school buildings in the South, and several modern<br />
ward scliool buildings.<br />
He is a good roads advocate and is a builder. He<br />
is now erecting one of the largest garage buildings<br />
in that section of the country. In addition to giving<br />
employment in his hardware business to the heads of<br />
twenty-five or more families who are prospering, he<br />
is making room for still more. The profits on the<br />
merchandise he sells go to paying salaries, to charity,<br />
to the erection of new buildings, to the improving of<br />
streets, roads and schools. His state and county<br />
taxes amount to more than $3,000, besides his income<br />
tax, and it is estimated that he pays salaries, taxes<br />
and rents amounting to $55,000 per annum.<br />
Suppose our people had sent all the money that<br />
has passed through his hands to catalog houses, what<br />
would we have to show for it? And this is just one of<br />
many men who have made a success of merchandising<br />
in Hot Springs. The greater portion of their success<br />
lias gone into upbuilding of our city and country.<br />
HE HELPS BUILD UP THE COMMUNITY<br />
This man has been directly connected with and<br />
largely responsible for the erection of school, bank,<br />
store and residence buildings at an aggregate cost<br />
of nearly a million dollars. He has given back to the<br />
city and country a service of far more value than he<br />
has taken from it, and I -want to ask this question:<br />
Has it paid this community to do business with this<br />
man, or would this country have been better off had<br />
all this money been sent to the catalog houses? Can<br />
you think of a merchant in your town who has not<br />
given back to the community as much or more than<br />
he has taken from it? If you have such merchants,<br />
they are not the kind I am referring to.<br />
How would you like to have all the merchants in<br />
your town go out of business, thereby forcing you to<br />
buy all your farm implements, wagons, hardware,<br />
stoves, ranges, dry goods, clothing, shoes, groceries,<br />
etc., from the catalog houses? Is it not a fact that<br />
a great many of our people use the local merchants<br />
for convenience and buy staple articles from them<br />
and send away for the profit-bearing goods because<br />
they think they are saving a few pennies?<br />
The truth of the whole matter is, the people do not<br />
think ahead. They are trying to save a few cents<br />
to-day at a cost to themselves, their families and to<br />
the communities of many thousand dollars in the<br />
future.<br />
This man that I refer to has begged the farmers<br />
to buy improved farm implements and to improve<br />
their hogs, cattle and poultry, paint their houses and<br />
keep their wagons and implements under shelter, to<br />
raise their own feed and food, raise more sheep and<br />
goats and less dogs, and is now helping to establish<br />
a marketing place and cotton yard, so the farmers<br />
may have a place to store their cotton and obtain<br />
the highest market prices for their products. Do you<br />
know of any catalog houses trying to help anybody<br />
except themselves ?<br />
WHY DO THEY DO IT?<br />
What I want is for some one to tell me why they<br />
send their money to catalog houses for anything they<br />
can buy at home. A person who patronizes catalog<br />
houses is willing to trust strangers with his money<br />
and trust the strangers' word, and wait patiently for<br />
the goods to be shipped. One of these fellows would<br />
not think of paying a local merchant in advance for<br />
anything, neither would he take the local merchant's<br />
word, but to the contrary, he must see the article and<br />
have the local merchant's personal guarantee before<br />
he will buy it, and then, to cap it all, will often ask<br />
the merchant to charge it for thirty or sixty days.<br />
Some difference!<br />
When crop failures come, and you are out of work,<br />
who do you go to for help ? Catalog houses ? Who<br />
buys your pork, beef, corn and cotton ? Catalog<br />
houses? Who helps to build church and schoolhouses?<br />
Who helps pay the taxes and who helps you or your<br />
neighbor when in distress ? Catalog houses ? They<br />
would laugh you to scorn if you should ask them for<br />
assistance.<br />
Your local merchant, as a rule, has a family of<br />
boys and girls, and his employees also have boys and<br />
girls, and these boys and girls marry in your community.<br />
Have you ever seen any catalog house boys<br />
and girls ? Your boys and girls would remain single<br />
until they were as old as Methuselah if they had to<br />
wait for catalog houses to send them a companion.<br />
In fact, wouldn't this country be in one hell of a<br />
fix if we had to look altogether to catalog houses<br />
for all our needs ? Then why not look entirely to<br />
our home merchants to supply our multitude of wants ?<br />
New Pipe Company to Begin Operations<br />
Arrangements for financing having been completed,<br />
the Ohio Steel Products Co., Youngstown, Ohio, will<br />
commence operations about Sept. 1 at its plant in<br />
Mineral Ridge, Trumbull County, Ohio. The Huron<br />
Steel Co., which is building a plant at Huron, Ohio,<br />
has acquired an extensive interest in the Ohio Steel<br />
Products Co., which may ultimately mean merging of<br />
the two concerns. The Mineral Ridge plant will produce<br />
enameled and galvanized conduit pipe and steel<br />
tubing for the automobile trade, manufactured from<br />
strip steel. The plant will have a yearly production<br />
capacity of 20,000 tons. Capital of the Ohio Steel<br />
Products Co. is $500,000.
AUGUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 277<br />
Heating Guidance for Residence Worl.<br />
Simple Calculations That May Be Used on Small Work<br />
With Certainty of Pleasing Customers by Results<br />
BY INSTRUCTOR<br />
IN SEVEN PARTS—PART III, ONE-PIPE RELIEF AND CIRCUIT SYSTEMS<br />
T H E one-pipe relief system is especially adapted out the return mains and branches must be equalized<br />
to dwelling houses and similar buildings on ac so that the water may flow back by gravity.<br />
count of its simplicity. As the radiator has only The single-pipe system is equally well adapted to<br />
one connection for both supply and return the num both sealed and dry returns, the general method of<br />
ber of risers passing through the lower rooms is re making the connections in each case shown in Fig. 1.<br />
duced by one half, which in itself is a matter of con A typical method of taking off a riser and dripping<br />
siderable importance. Also, as there is only one into sealed return is illustrated in Fig. 2. This ar<br />
valve to operate there is no danger of flooding the rangement drips the main at each take-off to a riser<br />
Red<br />
'7AA/77777. /.: A<br />
and also furnishes sufficient flexibility for the expansion<br />
of the riser downward. A similar plan for a<br />
—7^-T//777/77/7//77/777/777/7777/7777/7////////////////7A////////7/7AA7. A<br />
W l<br />
dry return employing a siphon drip i.s shown in Fig. 3.<br />
An arrangement of this system especially adapted<br />
to buildings of three stories and over is illustrated<br />
in Fig. 4, in which case a single large riser is carried<br />
to the attic, where it branches and connects with the<br />
various drops supplying the radiators on the floors<br />
below. By using this method the flow of steam and<br />
condensation is in the same direction and smaller<br />
pipes may be used than when the upward feed is employed<br />
where they flow in opposite directions.<br />
This system of piping is especially adapted to<br />
buildings where the first floor is occupied by stores or<br />
-A SINGLE PIPE SYSTEM WITH WET AND DRY<br />
RETURN CONNECTIONS<br />
banking rooms, with apartments or offices above. This<br />
is so because both the size and number of pipes passing<br />
through the lower rooms is reduced.<br />
floors and ceilings through carelessness in failing to<br />
The main supply riser may usually be carried up<br />
close the return valve when steam is shut off.<br />
in a concealed location while the drips from the sup<br />
The general arrangement of the basement piping<br />
ply drops may be reduced to %-in. for a supply pipe<br />
is practically the same as for the two-pipe system<br />
except that condensation is taken from the base of<br />
each supply riser instead of separate returns being<br />
brought down from the radiators.<br />
A typical layout for a system of this kind is shown<br />
in diagram in Fig. 1. The highest point in the main<br />
should be directly over the boiler and the various<br />
branches should pitch downward with an even grade<br />
in the direction of flow.<br />
The risers are taken off as indicated, and the bottoms<br />
dripped into the return main below. Each riser<br />
supplying two or more radiators should, in general,<br />
have a separate drip into the return. Single radiators<br />
of small size may drip back into the supply main,<br />
but if they are of large size, it is better to drip each<br />
riser separately.<br />
It will be noticed that the drip connections at the<br />
right for the dry return are the reverse of those for FIG. 2 RISER WITH SEALED FIG. 3 DRY RETURN<br />
the two-pipe system shown in the previous article.<br />
That is, the risers are drained through siphons while<br />
RETURN CONNECTION SEALED WITH SIPHON DRIP<br />
the end of the main connects directly with the return.<br />
2y2 In this case the lowest pressure is at the ends of<br />
in. in diameter, as being in a vertical position<br />
the mains, so that steam introduced into the returns<br />
with considerable head they will carry away a large<br />
at these points will cause no trouble in the pipes con<br />
quantity of water. Furthermore, a number of drips<br />
necting between them and the boiler. If no steam is<br />
may be brought together and carried down through<br />
allowed to enter the returns, a vacuum will be formed,<br />
the first floor, as shown at the left in Fig. -1, thus<br />
and there will be no pressure to force the water back reducing the number.<br />
to the boiler. In other words, the pressure through As compared with the two-pipe system, there is but
::: METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
little difference in cost, as larger pipes and valves<br />
make up for the smaller number of risers.<br />
The sizes of horizontal supply and return mains<br />
may be the same as already given for the two-pipe<br />
system. When supplied on the upward feed from the<br />
bottom, a.s in Fig. 1. the vertical risers must be made<br />
larger in order to reduce the velocity of the steam,<br />
otherwise it will pick up the descending water in the<br />
form of a spray and carry it back into the radiators.<br />
The following table gives average sizes for vertical<br />
risers working under the conditions noted above:<br />
Square feet of<br />
radiation<br />
30<br />
60<br />
80<br />
140<br />
200<br />
Size of riser<br />
1-inch<br />
1%-inch<br />
li/2-inch<br />
2-inch<br />
2i/,-inch<br />
It will be noticed that the sizes in this table are<br />
considerably larger than given in previous tables for<br />
horizontal mains and branches supplying similar<br />
quantities of radiation. When laying out a system of<br />
piping of this kind it is customary to make the short<br />
branches between the main and risers the same size as<br />
the latter, as it reduces the velocity of the steam near<br />
the base of the riser, thus preventing the condensation<br />
from being carried up with the steam.<br />
___<br />
., <strong>Steam</strong> Supplv<br />
— M M ' il' .<br />
f777777. 'AA • •" A-} • 'A-—A77J771 •J.I..,.,., _j4„ yly^TTTTA) 7 _Xfc, v/i,w))M Tl M, 7^ 6EALE0<br />
,., ',« "STUB.<br />
•<br />
0;<br />
i<br />
V77777, 'AAAAAAW. 7tf77//////>>// '-MA/;/////});}. VA7777ZA7.<br />
\ "•<br />
f?eturn at cer//r?y<br />
fio r/ser^ f/irough this room.<br />
,>J ~T'<br />
^7777, zhA7AAAAA '-z^///7/A7//%/7Av/7///»/\<br />
riW <strong>Steam</strong> ^and ^Return ..<br />
Drip<br />
..Refotrn<br />
B<br />
Soiler<br />
Dr//^<br />
/7777/7
AUGUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 279<br />
than the pipes which are dripped at frequent intervals<br />
or which carry only the condensation that forms in the<br />
pipe itself.<br />
Sizes of mains which have been found to give satisfaction<br />
in practice for this kind of work are given<br />
below:<br />
Square feet of Size of circuit<br />
radiation main<br />
200 2-inch<br />
350 2^-inch<br />
600 3-inch<br />
900 3i/,-inch<br />
1,200 4-inch<br />
2,000 5-inch<br />
3,000 6-inch<br />
A modification of this system, adapting it to larger<br />
buildings is shown in Fig. 6. The supply riser shown<br />
in the diagram may be one of a number supplying<br />
only a section instead of a whole building. The "circuit<br />
main" in this case may be simply a straight run<br />
of pipe dripped at the far end, or it may extend<br />
around two or more sides of a building. A single<br />
riser in the arrangement shown supplies a number of<br />
circuits which are located at the ceiling of each story<br />
instead of in the basement, as shown in Fig. 5.<br />
RADIATOR CONNECTIONS<br />
Typical radiator connections for both one-pipe and<br />
two-pipe systems are shown in Fig. 7, 8 and 9. The<br />
first of these represents a first floor radiator supplied<br />
directly from a basement main and draining back into<br />
it. In cases of this kind great care should be taken<br />
to give the "horizontal" portion of the pipe a good<br />
upward pitch toward the radiator, else water will be<br />
apt to collect at the point "A," causing snapping and<br />
singing. The entire connection between the main and<br />
radiator should be given the full size called for by<br />
the table of single-pipe up-feed risers.<br />
A typical connection is shown in Fig. 8 between a<br />
riser and single-pipe radiator in fairly tall buildings<br />
where tliere is more or less movement to the risers<br />
due to expansion. This makes a flexible connection<br />
without the use of special loops or joints. The same<br />
general method may be employed for all ordinary<br />
Q=_5M3<br />
j STEAM<br />
Fig. 10.<br />
a coil.<br />
JAIRV<br />
work, although for first and second floor rooms in<br />
dwelling houses the lengtli of horizontal run between<br />
the riser and radiator need not be so great as sliown<br />
in the cut, as the expansion of the riser will be slight<br />
and so much flexibility is not required, especially on<br />
the first floor.<br />
c<br />
Connections between risers and radiator for a twopipe<br />
system are shown in Fig. 9. It is usually desirable<br />
to keep the supply and return risers close together<br />
on account of the appearance and this shows<br />
the way of doing it.<br />
Run-outs between riser and radiator are generally<br />
made in the floor in case of frame buildings, carrying<br />
the pipes between the joists. With fireproof "construction<br />
the run-outs are necessarily either above or<br />
below the floor. When the pipes are concealed they<br />
should be run clear of the woodwork, or else it should<br />
be protected with heavy asbestos paper or light board.<br />
Wood lying against a steam pipe will, in time, become<br />
charred and may take fire.<br />
Angle valves should always be used at the radiators<br />
when possible, in the way shown in Fig. 7 to 9.<br />
FIG. 7—A FIRST<br />
FLOOR CONNEC<br />
TION<br />
DIAGRAM OF COIL CONNECTIONS AND DESIGN OF SLEEVE<br />
FIG. 8 A TYPI<br />
CAL ONE-PIPE<br />
CONNECTION<br />
FIG. 9 CONNEC<br />
TIONS FOR TWO-<br />
PIPE SYSTEM<br />
This allows a sudden drop as soon as the condensation<br />
passes through the valve and assists in the drainage.<br />
Diagrams for coil connections are shown in Fig. 10<br />
and 11.<br />
Piping for patented systems of heating should always<br />
be laid out tor the contractor by the manufacturers<br />
or representatives supplying the particularsystem<br />
to be used. The various devices employed require<br />
special treatment and all responsibility should<br />
be placed on the makers. This applies to the various<br />
vapor and vacuum systems which have been placed on<br />
the market in recent years and which seem to be giving<br />
good satisfaction as they become more highly<br />
perfected.<br />
Where pipes pass through floors or partitons, the<br />
woodwork should be protected with galvanized iron<br />
A bypass connection to Fig-. 11. A typical coil connec Fit;, li'. Sleeve for riser to protion.tect<br />
timbers.<br />
sleeves having a diameter at least % in. larger than<br />
the pipe. The plates, which form the finish around<br />
the opening should be fastened to the floor or ceiling,<br />
and not to the pipe, as the constant expansion and<br />
contraction of the latter will throw them out of place.<br />
(Continued on page 282)
280 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
Plumbing Secretaries' National<br />
Conference<br />
An Organization of Secretaries of State and Local Associations<br />
Identified with the National Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
BY H. F. BAILLET<br />
W H A T does this<br />
mean ; why a secretaries'<br />
association?<br />
It is a clearing house for<br />
the secretaries connected<br />
with the National Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s.<br />
An annual "get together<br />
and let's talk it<br />
over" for the many-sided<br />
activities of live secretaries<br />
of master plumbers'<br />
associations. For many years past it was quite the<br />
usual thing at national conventions to find two, three<br />
or more secretaries from different parts of the country<br />
hob-nobbing and exchanging views and experiences of<br />
different phases of their secretarial work. All this,<br />
however, was desultory and while of much value to the<br />
secretary who had become a confirmed convention goer,<br />
much of its potential value was lost because of the limited<br />
circle who were known to each other and because<br />
of the loss of personal touch between conventions.<br />
The desire for closer and more continuous co-operation<br />
between secretaries has been expressed many<br />
times from different well-known men who had served<br />
their local and state associations in a secretarial capacity<br />
and who could realize the many false starts<br />
and economic waste of lost or unnecessary duplication<br />
of efforts due to not having the benefit of the<br />
experience of the other fellow who has traveled along<br />
the same road and has met the same pitfalls and<br />
stumbling blocks. However, such isolated efforts<br />
seemingly failed to impress the national officers of the<br />
past, probably because they failed of proper presentation<br />
as well as due to the fact that the national office<br />
was busy with many important matters and did<br />
not therefore visualize the value of co-operative effort<br />
among secretaries.<br />
In advance of the national convention held at Atlantic<br />
City in 1919, National Secretary A. A. Zertanna<br />
advised a meeting of all local and state secretaries<br />
present. Such meetings were held, two in number, and<br />
the participants expressed themselves as having profited<br />
thereby. To such an extent this was true that at<br />
the national convention held in Pittsburgh in 1920<br />
greater interest was showu in the movement. Four<br />
meetings were held in the interim of national convention<br />
sessions.<br />
Aside from the valuable discussions and information<br />
disclosed this gathering of secretaries started<br />
something. They made a constructive effort along<br />
the lines of a permanent <strong>org</strong>anization with a means<br />
of communication during the year, so as to keep in<br />
touch with what may develop of interest in the mean<br />
time, under the title of<br />
"Plumbing Secretaries'<br />
National Conference." It<br />
was decided to meet at the<br />
time and place of the next<br />
national convention of<br />
master plumbers one day<br />
prior to the calling of the<br />
convention, which will be<br />
in New Orleans in 1921.<br />
The membership fee in<br />
this conference is $5 for<br />
this year (to provide money for necessary printing<br />
and postage). Local associations of master plumbers<br />
are asked to support their secretary to this extent and<br />
wherever practical are asked to send their secretary<br />
to the national convention so that he may be able to<br />
attend the sessions of the conference.<br />
It is an attempt of earnest workers to increase their<br />
efficiency and the value of their services to the local,<br />
state and national associations by and through cooperative<br />
measures. As such, we submit the conference<br />
is worthy of the support of the local associations<br />
and of the individual members.<br />
The better secretaries we are, the better we can<br />
serve the interests of the associations—local, state<br />
and national.<br />
The commendable purpose of this new body<br />
entitles it to the support it seeks. It is destined<br />
to prove one of the most useful of the allies of<br />
the association from wliich it originates. Its<br />
officers are: President. H. F. Baillet, 48 Chapman<br />
Place, Irvington, N. J.; vice-president, W.<br />
W. Hughes, 1514 East Franklin Avenue, Minneapolis,<br />
Minn.; secretary, E. F. Bohm, 608 The<br />
Arcade, Cleveland, Ohio.<br />
Emergency Repairs to Wrought<br />
Iron Water Pipe<br />
AVERY simple method of replacing a section of<br />
wrought iron water pipe when the water cannot<br />
be turned off the line is shown by the accompanying<br />
illustration.<br />
The only thing needed, in addition to the regular<br />
tools necessary to make the repair, is a wooden plug.<br />
The plug should be the same diameter at the large<br />
end as the outside diameter of the pipe; small end<br />
of the plug of such size as will freely enter the inside<br />
of pipe, and plug can be made of any soft wood.<br />
The operation consists of cutting the pipe off at the<br />
desired point on the pressure side of repairs with a<br />
hack saw, placing a bag or a piece of burlap over the<br />
back of the hack saw to protect the workman from a<br />
splash.<br />
When the pipe is cut, one end can be sprung aside<br />
and the plug driven in the pressure end of the pipe,<br />
thus stopping the flow. By again using the bag or<br />
burlap in driving the plug all spray will be kept<br />
from the workman. The plug being the same size as
AUCUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 281<br />
the outside diameter of the pipe the die can be opened<br />
wide enough to slip over the plug and then it<br />
ra<br />
Die<br />
~^i<br />
Wrought Iron<br />
•Pipe j^_<br />
= .<br />
Wooden<br />
Plug,<br />
METHOD OF REPLACING WATER PIPE SECTION<br />
may be very easily adjusted to thread the pipe.<br />
After the thread has been cut and the die removed,<br />
a stop cock or valve can be screwed in place to control<br />
the water and the other repairs made dry.<br />
If no stop cock or valve is available then the otlier<br />
repairs can be made before removing the plug, and a<br />
wet connection made when the plug is removed, requiring<br />
but a short time.<br />
There will be some loss of water, depending on the<br />
time taken in making the first cut, driving the plug<br />
and later screwing on the control valve. However, in<br />
places where a small quantity of water will cause no<br />
damage, repairs can be made in this way on pipe up<br />
to 2 in. in diameter and against the pressure up to<br />
100 lb. or more.<br />
It is adaptable and can be used to advantage in<br />
many eases where freezing materials are not at hand<br />
and would require some time to obtain or where it<br />
would require considerable time and expense to control<br />
the flow of water by other means.<br />
THE AMERICAN PROTECTIVE TARIFF LEAGUE has<br />
iust issued its campaign button which reads as follows:<br />
"Harding and Coolidge, SMILE, 1920," and<br />
on the back of the button are the words "Protection<br />
Prosperity." The "SMILE" is in red ink across the<br />
button and as large as space will allow. Two buttons<br />
sent to any address by letter mail for 6 cents, address<br />
W. F. Wakeman, Secretary, 339 Broadway, New<br />
York, who also has some literature in the press that<br />
can be procured from him.<br />
Letters of a <strong>Plumber</strong> to His Helper<br />
Some Causes of the Bursting of Water Fronts and Short<br />
Service of Range Boilers and Connections — Hammering<br />
and Rumbling Sounds Due to Choked Connections and<br />
Interference With Circulation<br />
BY WILLIAM HUTTON<br />
DEAR Boss:<br />
It is some time since I have had to write you, but<br />
that is not because I think I know enough now to get<br />
along without help. In fact, it seems as if every day<br />
brought a new problem and in a good many cases I<br />
have had to dope out some way to get over the difficulty<br />
even if it did not turn out to be the best way,<br />
for we have been kept very busy and I could not<br />
wait to write you.<br />
What I want to know now, however, is something<br />
which will help me to determine what is the seat of<br />
the trouble and then I may be able to work out the.<br />
remedy to suit each case as it comes up.<br />
Lately there has been a large number of calls for<br />
new water-fronts in kitchen ranges and it seems to me<br />
that there must be a reason for so many giving out in<br />
about the same time, as all of the ranges are comparatively<br />
new. There seems to be a good deal of rust in<br />
the pipes as the nipples close to the water-front were<br />
almost full. Why should this take place?<br />
HARRY.<br />
DEAR HARRY:<br />
I thought that you would have noticed long ago<br />
that pipes conveying hot water fill up or rust out long<br />
before pipes carrying cold water. But even if you<br />
did notice this, you may have been unable to tell the<br />
reason. In fact, it is not so very long ago that the<br />
importance of this matter was fully realized and efforts<br />
made to determine the cause of iron and steel<br />
pipe failing in so short a time after it had been put<br />
into use.<br />
Filling up of the pipes may be due to causes other<br />
than corrosion. In all waters brought from lakes oi<br />
open reservoirs there is more or less sediment in a<br />
state of suspension. When such water is heated to<br />
the boiling point, the sediment is precipitated. This<br />
is true of water impregnated with lime and other<br />
kinds of salts.<br />
If the water in vour locality is hard it is likely that<br />
you will find in the water-fronts and pipes connecting<br />
them a hard substance coating the walls or completely<br />
filling the pipes and water-fronts. This is the lime<br />
which has been deposited as the result of raising the<br />
temperature of the water to the point where it would<br />
be precipitated as a solid.<br />
I have been in towns where this occurrence is so
282 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
frequent that people keep a reserve water-front on<br />
hand and, when the one in use becomes choked, it is<br />
removed and the other put into service. When the<br />
choked one is taken out, it is dried and pounded until<br />
the hard coating is broken up and removed in small<br />
chunks. Sometimes acid is used to help cut the lime,<br />
but in any case it is rather a hard job to get the fronts<br />
properly cleaned.<br />
It is seldom that such precipitation has any corrosive<br />
action on the pipes and, when the sediment is<br />
removed, they are good for further service.<br />
When you do find the pipes corroded and particles<br />
of rust built up in ells and other sharp-turn fittings<br />
look for the first cause as overheating of the water.<br />
It seems to be well established that this is the cause of<br />
severe corrosion of iron and steel pipes. Don't you<br />
remember the hotel where we did so much work and<br />
in which there was a storage tank heated by steam<br />
which gave trouble on several occasions ? Perhaps<br />
you remember that we put on an automatic temperature<br />
regulator so that the overheating which was causing<br />
the plates of the tank to give out and the pipes<br />
to corrode so frequently might be checked.<br />
Well, here is an interesting sequel. The hotel<br />
owner decided to put in a few bathrooms and an outof-town<br />
firm got the contract. The contractor, seeing<br />
that the storage tank was pretty well gone, talked the<br />
owner into buying a new one, which was perfectly<br />
right and proper. But in making the changes to the<br />
steam supply pipes the contractor did away with the<br />
temperature regulator. The result is that the new<br />
tank, which has been in use only some three years,<br />
is leaking already.<br />
CAUSE OF CORROSION<br />
It has been stated that the temperatures at which<br />
corrosion is most likelv to take place are between 140<br />
and 180 deg. Fahr. This has been explained as being<br />
due to excess of oxygen. Pure water at normal pressure<br />
will dissolve 14.7 parts per million of oxygen<br />
at 72 deg. Fahr., and 7.60 parts per million at 86<br />
deg. Fahr. At 210 deg. oxygen is practically insoluble,<br />
so you see that as the water is lieated the solubility<br />
at normal pressures becomes less and in the case of a<br />
domestic hot water supply system the oxygen must<br />
remain in solution owing to the fact that the water is<br />
heated under pressure and in a closed vessel.<br />
Thus the water may be said to be super-saturated<br />
with oxygen and its rapid passage over the walls of<br />
the pipes and the plates of boilers or storage tanks<br />
seems to have an increased destructive effect.<br />
The results of scientific investigation of this matter<br />
are now being put to commercial use for tliere is a<br />
concern now operating a system for the removal of<br />
excess oxygen from large water heating plants and<br />
its efforts seem to be meeting with success.<br />
In the case of small systems, such as ordinary<br />
house supply jobs it is not practical to adopt any<br />
method for the removal of oxygen, and all that can be<br />
done is to use larger storage tanks or smaller waterfronts<br />
so that the water may have less chance to become<br />
overheated, or to use copper boilers and brass<br />
coils and connections. Where tank heaters are used,<br />
it is easy to apply a thermostatic control operating<br />
the dampers so that the water will not be heated to a<br />
point higher than that desired.<br />
Where the water is hard as the result of impreg<br />
nation with lime, tliere is a small appliance which<br />
may be fitted on the return connection between the<br />
range boiler and the water-front. This appliance has a<br />
chamber through which the water must pass and the<br />
maker provides a chemical substance which is placed<br />
in the chamber and which acts to neutralize the action<br />
of the heat upon the lime in the water.<br />
Then you can place a sediment chamber at the<br />
bottom of the boiler and so connect your return pipe<br />
that the greater part of the sediment or precipitate<br />
will be deposited in the chamber for removal at stated<br />
periods.<br />
If you want to try cleaning any of the water fronts<br />
you find choked, take a little muriatic acid and make<br />
up a solution of one part of acid to five parts of<br />
water. Plug one of the tapping? in the front and<br />
pour in the solution and boil it gently by placing the<br />
front on top of a bunsen burner or a firepot turned<br />
down to a low flame. This generally loosens up the<br />
sediment if it is lime. Another way is to soak the<br />
front in a solution of common washing soda and<br />
water for a long time.<br />
That will tell you how the fronts become choked.<br />
Why they burst is because they are choked and the<br />
thick sediment on the walls of the water-front allows<br />
the iron to become overheated as tliere is no water in<br />
contact with them to carry the heat away. Thus the<br />
wall is weakened and pressure does not rest. You<br />
always can tell when the connections or water-front<br />
are becoming choked by the sounds which the boiler<br />
makes when a hot fire is carried. There will be sharp<br />
snapping sounds when no water is being drawn. These<br />
result from the bursting of steam bubbles formed in<br />
the very hot water-front as they pass into the cooler<br />
water in the boiler. Then when a faucet is opened,<br />
if the whole boiler is full of overheated water, there<br />
will be a loud rumbling sound which is the result of<br />
the contents flashing into steam as the pressure is relieved<br />
and the boiling point is lowered.<br />
You can tell the difference after a little study as<br />
this will happen with a perfectly clean water-front<br />
and boiler if the water is overheated but there will be<br />
no sound while the faucets are closed.<br />
I recommend you to study this carefully as you will<br />
find many cases wherever you go and nothing irritates<br />
a housekeeper more than a poor supply of hot water<br />
or scares her more than the pounding and hammering<br />
of a partly choked or overheated boiler and pipe<br />
connections.<br />
LEN A. HAND.<br />
Heating Guidance for Residence Work<br />
(Continued from page 279)<br />
In the design shown in Fig. 12, the plates are attached<br />
to the sleeve.<br />
When pipes are carried through walls of brick or<br />
concrete, a sleeve made by cutting a piece of wrought<br />
iron pipe to a suitable length should be used. If<br />
the expansion movement is lengthwise of the pipe, the<br />
sleeve need only be large enough to permit the pipe<br />
to slide easily through it. If a sidewise movement<br />
must be provided for, the leeway should, of course, be<br />
greater.<br />
(To Be Continued)
AITCUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 283<br />
This is the .lace to submit your Perplexing<br />
problems —the Place to<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
SEK<br />
Connecting Heater with Range Boiler<br />
in Bathroom<br />
From F. E. F)., New Hampshire—Replying to inquiry<br />
of "A. V. B." in is'sue of METAL WORKER,<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER I would suggest the following<br />
for his information:<br />
(A) Connect the tank heater directly in circulation<br />
pipes from heater coil where they emerge from<br />
heater or as close to that point as a grade back to<br />
the tank will allow.<br />
(B) Connect flow pipe from heater coil into top of<br />
boiler and plug the side outlet of boiler.<br />
zc±_r F L.O c_ ts.<br />
F u o o iz<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
I_U3KA11S<br />
preferably so that the discharge from the valve can<br />
be drained into the laundry trays.<br />
Can Volume of Air Be Decreased?<br />
From L. V. 7.., Texas—Answering the inquiry of<br />
"G. M. G.," St. Johns, N. B., relative to change in<br />
dust and shaving systems, would suggest the following<br />
for his information: No definite answer can be<br />
made as to the size of hopper unless size, speed and<br />
make of fan are known; also sizes and approximate<br />
number of openings in suctions duct, as these are the<br />
determining features controlling the amount of air<br />
delivered to separating hopper.<br />
One or two simple changes may eliminate the difficulty,<br />
and are submitted: (A) The method of connecting<br />
duct to the fire box is not shown. It may be<br />
possible that by making an easy turn or increasing<br />
the grade of the duct at this point a smaller volume<br />
of air will be needed to move the accumulation.<br />
(B) Reducing the size of outlet to boiler just above<br />
connection to hopper will tend to relieve pressure in<br />
discharge duct.<br />
(C) Shortening the pipe marked (A) will also increase<br />
volume of air forced into discharge duct.<br />
(D) In most cases it has proven better practice<br />
to discharge waste into a vault and convey from there<br />
to fire box or boiler bv hand or mechanical stoker.<br />
Wants Special Boiler Covering<br />
HJot Afjr<br />
From A. R., Vermont—Last year I installed a heating<br />
svstem in a very fine residence and after setting<br />
the job up and testing it out. covered the boilers and<br />
Notre;- Kange used for<br />
heating water in -Summer<br />
piping and spent considerable time in doing this work.<br />
I had the men take particular pains in troweling up<br />
the asbestos on the boiler and fittings and we used<br />
METHOD OF CONNECTING HEATER WITH RANGE BOILER a flour paste in pasting on the sectional covering.<br />
IN BATHROOM<br />
When we had finished it looked very nice.<br />
I have been called back to this job by the owner<br />
(C) Continue hot water supply to laundry tubs over<br />
on account of the outer surface of the asbestos cov<br />
to and connect with the return circulation pipe of<br />
ering on boiler and fittings deteriorating. On going<br />
heater coil. A tee inserted immediately on boiler side<br />
over this I found that there is more or less dampness<br />
of tank heater return connections will provide a suit<br />
in the cellar where the boiler is located and I presume<br />
able point for this connection.<br />
that this covering is losing its life through the action<br />
(D) A light swinging check valve should be in<br />
of the dampness. Also we found that the mice had<br />
serted in connection from tubs to heater coil, set so<br />
that water can pass to heater only.<br />
been in the cellar and that they had attacked the<br />
(E) Inasmuch as there is a check valve on cold<br />
cloth on the sectional pipe covering and were evi<br />
water supply to range boiler, it is imperative that a<br />
dently eating through this in order to get to the paste.<br />
relief valve be installed in connection with this sys<br />
Would you advise me through your columns as to<br />
tem. This can be placed at any convenient point,<br />
(Continued on page 299)
284 METAL WORKER, PLUMBERAND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27. 1920<br />
The Editorial Page<br />
Removal Notice<br />
A F T E R the appearance of this issue, all commu<br />
nications intended for this journal should be ad<br />
dressed to it at its new offices, 156 Fifth Avenue,<br />
New York City. The temporary telephone number<br />
is Chelsea 9783. Further particulars regarding the<br />
new location, facilities and the like will be given in the<br />
issue of Sept. 3.<br />
Farmers May Not Look It—But—<br />
T H E Y buy two-fifths of all automobiles sold. They<br />
have prospered these past months or years and<br />
will be less affected by business conditions than<br />
any other class. Those undisputable facts mean<br />
that in farming districts plumber, heating and sheet<br />
metal men have a field for their goods and work that<br />
has been hardly scratched. Less than one-quarter<br />
of the farm houses are equipped with bathrooms. One-<br />
third have running water in the house,. In 48 per<br />
cent water is obtainable, through some arrangement,<br />
in the kitchen. About one-third have heating equip<br />
ment otlier than stoves.<br />
New prospects for plumbing, heating and labor-<br />
saving appliances are being opened up by the hun<br />
dreds as the knowledge of these spreads. Local news<br />
paper advertising will help bring in the business.<br />
However, the profits which can be realized through a<br />
personal campaign of soliciting this business are so<br />
great that they warrant setting up and pushing such<br />
a venture.<br />
Pointers For Profit<br />
BRING to the attention of the man for whom you<br />
work something that he could use to advantage<br />
and later you will find an opportunity to make<br />
the sale. If this idea is kept continually in the<br />
mind of the tradesman, whatever his line, he will<br />
soon find business coming his way. In the winter<br />
season almost everybody could use a thermostatic draft<br />
regulator or some similar device with advantage. They<br />
certainly will need humidifiers now that so much at<br />
tention is being given to the bearing of humidity<br />
upon the health of the occupants of artificially lieated<br />
homes. There is just as much opportunity to sell<br />
some specialty in any other line. Some people think<br />
the shower-bath season is only the hot weather sea<br />
son, but this is not so; neither will the gas water<br />
heater season pass soon because it is needed right<br />
along, when there is a radiator in the kitchen and<br />
the cooking is done by gas or electricity.<br />
There is equal opportunity in the sheet metal trade<br />
for the sale of various specialties and it is the man<br />
who does some extra business, in which he sells mer<br />
chandise and on which there is a good profit, who is<br />
on the road to a generous prosperity. Just keep in<br />
mind that the regular business will be helped by sell<br />
ing some of the special side lines and that the boss<br />
will make the money if he makes the effort to con<br />
tinually add some new specialty to those which he<br />
has heretofore run. Don't let some other fellow in<br />
your town be the man who is selling this specialty.<br />
You can use that profit and it is easy to get it if you<br />
will just hustle a little.<br />
Freight Rates and Deliveries<br />
T H E R E is encouragement for the rail companies<br />
to turn all possible energy to meet the require<br />
ments of the people in all parts of the coun<br />
try now that an advance in rates has become available<br />
that will justify the expenditure of the necessary<br />
energy. Unfortunately, it is late and while some<br />
anticipation of the rate granted has been made it<br />
has not been sufficient to provide the equipment which<br />
would enable the railroad companies to rush in and<br />
distribute the products of manufacturers in a way<br />
that would be satisfactory to the people wherever<br />
they may be located. The advance in freight rates<br />
without a question of doubt will be reflected in the<br />
price of goods this fall and further advances in<br />
prices may be expected as the result. The important<br />
thing for the man carrying on a business, however,<br />
is to see to it that he has orders in for goods that he<br />
will need and that they get on the way at the earliest<br />
possible moment.<br />
There seems to be a certainty, with the low rate<br />
of production, due to inefficiency and scarcity of labor,<br />
that there will not be the goods that are required to<br />
meet the average demand of the rush season. In<br />
consequence there will be some hardship to the people<br />
and this will bear severely upon the trade upon which<br />
the consumer depends. In the distributing centers<br />
already those who collect goods from various manu<br />
facturers so as to ship what is required to smaller<br />
dealers in one shipment are distracted with the diffi<br />
culty they have in getting in goods so they will have<br />
a well-assorted stock. In the larger cities such stocks<br />
are almost unknown and it is necessary continually<br />
to borrow in order to make a complete shipment.<br />
When buyers are informed of these facts they are<br />
qualified to anticipate their wants, get their orders<br />
in early and give the supply houses some leeway in<br />
getting the goods they will want to them in time to<br />
meet their needs.
A: OUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 285<br />
The Pro and Con of Cancelling Orders<br />
M Y observation is that for the last two or tliree<br />
years there has been a perfect saturnalia of order<br />
cancellation in all lines of business. During<br />
the first part of that time the demand for stuff<br />
greatly exceeded the supply, and the cancellation was<br />
mostly done by the seller, sometimes because he could<br />
sell his goods in a better market. For the last several<br />
months the buyer has been doing most of the cancelling,<br />
because the bottom has dropped out of the<br />
markets, and the buyer preferred to unload the burden<br />
on the seller.<br />
Undoubtedly, it is convenient and economical for<br />
the party who benefits by it to cancel an order that<br />
has gone against him, but it certainly does not make<br />
for good business. It would, in my judgment, be a<br />
good thing in the long run for everybody if all order<br />
blanks bore the words, "Not subject to cancellation."<br />
I am constantly receiving letters on the law of cancelling<br />
orders. The following comes from an Ohio<br />
firm:<br />
We wired the X Co. to cancel our order for bottles<br />
and return our trade acceptance, as we had thought<br />
we would be unable to handle the proposition, and<br />
wanted to drop it.<br />
In answer to our wire the conipany wrote us that<br />
the goods had been shipped and it was too late to<br />
accept our cancellation.<br />
The date of this letter was April 16, and with embargoes,<br />
in effect at almost all points at that time,<br />
we knew the goods had never been shipped, and even<br />
at this date we have never received nor heard any<br />
more about the goods being shipped.<br />
The company has made several attempts to get the<br />
money for the trade acceptance, but we did not think<br />
that we should pay them, especially since we have<br />
never received the bottles.<br />
Will you kindly give us the dealers' rights in this<br />
matter and tell us' whether or not the dealer can be<br />
forced to pay for the acceptances?<br />
In most lines of trade this custom of allowing free<br />
cancellation of orders has grown up, but it seldom goes<br />
so far as to allow cancellation after the order has been<br />
paid for by giving a promissory note in payment, for<br />
that is practically what a trade acceptance is. Still in<br />
some cases it even goes that far, the only real condition<br />
being that the goods must not have been shipped.<br />
If they have been shipped the order cannot be cancelled.<br />
QUESTION IN THIS CASE<br />
In the case submitted the question is one of fact:<br />
were the goods shipped prior to cancellation? If yes,<br />
the order is not subject to cancellation; if no, it is.<br />
But a trade acceptance having been given, a new question<br />
is introduced: has the acceptance been indorsed<br />
over to somebody else? If it has, that somebody else<br />
can collect it, and this correspondent might then just<br />
as well take the goods, for he will have to pay for<br />
them anyway. But if the acceptance still remains in<br />
the hands of the seller of the goods, and the goods<br />
have not been shipped, he can legally cancel and demand<br />
the return of his acceptance.<br />
Here is another letter from a New Jersey correspondent,<br />
also on the subject of cancellation:<br />
•Copyright, by Elton J. Buckley.<br />
Bv ELTON J. BUCKLEY<br />
• Bros., wholesale grocers of Xewark, K. J.,<br />
bought from us a load of merchandise, amounting to<br />
$600, during the month of June, for which they were<br />
to call in a few days after the date of sale. Terms,<br />
ten days net. This sale was made through a broker,<br />
to whom we wrote that the buyer had not called for<br />
their merchandise, and time for storage would shortly<br />
expire. Broker wrote back to me stating they had<br />
communicated with the buyer, who had asked to have<br />
the sale cancelled because they were unable to handle<br />
the goods. Since the date of sale the value of this<br />
merchandise has declined some. Could the buyer be<br />
held to the sale under the above conditions?<br />
This case is typical of most of the cancellations by<br />
buyers: the market declines before shipment of the<br />
goods and the buver, of course, cancels. In most cases<br />
the seller has allowed him to, and so it becomes a<br />
course of dealing and is binding.<br />
In the New Jersey case there were a number of<br />
miestions. such as whether it was a valid sale in the<br />
first place. As a matter of fact, it was not, because<br />
it did not comply with the New Jersey law that no<br />
verbal contract for the sale of personal property<br />
worth over $500 is valid unless the buyer takes part<br />
of the goads, or pays for part of them or gives some<br />
earnest or token to bind the bargain. But I am not<br />
discussing that phase of the case, I use it merely to<br />
show what an easy and casual thing it has gotten to<br />
be to buy goods and then, when things go against you,<br />
to throw the deal up.<br />
If this had been a valid sale, and the parties had<br />
never dealt together before or done a lot of mutual<br />
cancelling, then this order would not have been subject<br />
to cancellation, and the seller could recover his<br />
damages.<br />
A wholesale cotton dealer told me of a recent case<br />
wliich shows how completely all rule disappears when<br />
one iias made a deal which goes wrong. His firm sold<br />
an order to a Pennsylvania buyer at the then market<br />
price. While the goods were en route, the market<br />
dropped and after the buyer had them in his possession<br />
he wrote, "Unless you reduce the price on these<br />
goods, we won't keep them.'' In this case there was<br />
not the slightest moral or legal obligation to reduce<br />
the price, because the goods had been shipped and<br />
delivered, but a concession was nevertheless made in<br />
order to please the buyer.<br />
Money and Markets<br />
The gradual improvement of transportation which<br />
has been effected during the recent weeks has permitted<br />
a somewhat more rapid movement of grain<br />
than had been anticipated, according to the National<br />
Bank of Commerce in New York. Consequently the<br />
holdover from the preceding year has in good measure<br />
been cared for and the new crop-moving season has<br />
begun on schedule and under more favorable conditions<br />
than seemed possible a month ago.<br />
It is reported from some sections of the Middle<br />
West that bank loans to finance the actual harvesting
286 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
of the new crops are being reduced at an earlier date<br />
than is usually the case. While the credit requirements<br />
of the new movement will not reach maximum<br />
volume for some time to come, and while easier credit<br />
cannot be expected until the peak of the movement<br />
has passed, the situation has improved sufficiently to<br />
make reasonably clear that the autumn agricultural<br />
demands for credit will not be in excess of the ability<br />
of the banks to supply.<br />
ANTICIPATING CREDIT REQUIREMENTS<br />
There are indications also that many commercial<br />
borrowers, in response to expectations of a credit<br />
stringency during the fall which have prevailed for<br />
many months, have at least to some extent anticipated<br />
their autumn requirements for credit. This factor,<br />
coupled with the continued tendency toward reduced<br />
volume of business and lower prices for many commodities,<br />
may be expected to relieve the pressure of commercial<br />
and industrial credit requirements. It must<br />
be recognized, however, that some little time will be<br />
necessary for this relief to make itself manifest, because<br />
of the interval which must elapse before a new<br />
policy in business brings results.<br />
WHOLESALE COMMODITY MARKET<br />
With few exceptions, the wholesale markets are now<br />
in a condition of inactivity not paralleled since the<br />
period of uncertainty which followed the armistice.<br />
Normally, this is the dullest season of the year and<br />
the condition of stagnation is partially to be ascribed<br />
to that fact.<br />
To a far greater extent, however, it is the result of<br />
a widespread realization which has at last become<br />
general throughout the business community, that the<br />
present downward price movement is not a temporary<br />
tendency but a decline toward a new level applicable<br />
to post-war conditions, a level which can be found<br />
only by cautious experimentation in the market. It is<br />
possible that in somq commodities this new level has<br />
already been reached.<br />
The necessity for an advance in railroad rates had<br />
long been beyond argument, but even among those<br />
who regarded this advance as necessary there had<br />
been a considerable doubt as to the effect upon prices<br />
of products which move on a tonnage basis. Temporarily'<br />
the effect of these rate advances will be reflected<br />
in prices of bulky articles, although there<br />
should be little or no reflection in prices of articles<br />
the value of which is relatively high in relation to<br />
weight.<br />
RAILROAD RATE ADVANCES<br />
One Hundred Thousand Dollars<br />
Being Spent for You<br />
The research Bureau of the American Society of<br />
Heating and Ventilating Engineers has outlined a<br />
program which will benefit everyone connected with<br />
the industry. The effort on the part of the Research<br />
Bureau deserves the unstinted and loyal support of<br />
all. <strong>Fitter</strong>s throughout the country should get in<br />
touch with the society and arrange to support this<br />
worthy cause and profit by the results of the research<br />
work now being done.<br />
The program outlined includes engineering research<br />
as follows: Radiant Heat Loss from <strong>Steam</strong> Radiators;<br />
Heat Losses from Pipes Buried in the Ground;<br />
Circulation of Water in Hot Water Systems; Heat<br />
Losses through Various Building Materials; Electrical<br />
Method of Testing Radiators; Infiltration through<br />
Various Forms of Building Construction; Relation between<br />
Outside Wall Temperatures and Dew-Point;<br />
Standardization of Dust Measurements; Checking Application<br />
of Heating Boiler Testing Code.<br />
The work is being done for the benefit of the entire<br />
heating and ventilating industry. It will increase the<br />
prestige of all those connected with the industry. It<br />
will enable heating and ventilating engineers to serve<br />
the public with greater intelligence.<br />
The work involves an expense of $20,000 per year<br />
over a period of 5 years. Immediate support is needed<br />
for the expansion of the work now in hand. Everyone<br />
connected with the industry should put their shoulder<br />
to the wheel and help put this good work through.<br />
Data will be furnished as quickly as the deductions<br />
resulting from the research work are formulated and<br />
complete information of the work and manner of obtaining<br />
the data can be had by addressing a post-card<br />
to the American Society of Heating and Ventilating<br />
Engineers, 29 West Thirty-ninth Street, New-York<br />
City.<br />
Pipeless Has Its Place<br />
If the friend, from whose letter the following extract<br />
is taken, carries out his purpose, furnacemen<br />
generalh' will be pleased:<br />
I intend to try to take a day off and put on paper some<br />
of the things that have occurred to me which might be of<br />
interest to those concerned in the furnace business, especially<br />
in the pipeless furnace branch. I think one of the<br />
greatest mistakes being made is that some manufacturers<br />
are willing to take long chances on pipeless heater installations<br />
and recommend things whieh their better judgment<br />
would not altogether approve.<br />
Having had charge of the engineering in our furnace de<br />
Certain offsetting circumstances are not to be igpartment<br />
and passed on several thousand heating plants<br />
nored, however. As long as the railroads were unable<br />
each year, I always have been, and expect to be, conscien<br />
adequately to expand their facilities to handle the<br />
tious in my recommendations. I am willing other people<br />
freight offered to them, business in all lines suffered<br />
should profit from my observations and experience.<br />
under a most serious handicap because of hampered It is the policy of our company to recommend the pipe<br />
transportation. In some cases this has been reflected less installation when it is the thing to use, but if, in our<br />
violently in prices. If the rate advances enable the judgment, a pipe installation should be made we always<br />
railroads to build up their plant and equipment suf say so, even if we lose the job.<br />
ficiently to liandle freight, expansion of production in v'.'e do not know that we have lost any sales by being<br />
all lines will become possible, and the friction involved<br />
in the present process of distribution will be eliminated.<br />
It will take a considerable time to reach this result,<br />
conservative, but believe in the end it will pay. If more<br />
furnacemen would do the same thing, there would be fewer<br />
complaints<br />
THE AMERICAN<br />
about furnaces.<br />
SANITARY, WORKS, Washington, N.<br />
J., manufacturer of plumbers' tanks and kindred prod<br />
but when it is attained the final effect of increased ucts, has increased its capital from $200,000 to<br />
rates will be to lower prices.<br />
$350,000.
AUCUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 287<br />
News of the Trade Associations<br />
Maine <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Annual Outing<br />
Large Attendance Enjoy Field Day at Long Island,<br />
Portland Harbor, on August 16<br />
The annual summer outing and field day of the<br />
Maine State Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association was originally<br />
scheduled to be held "inland," but unforeseen<br />
circumstances caused this to be abandoned at a week's<br />
notice. Therefore, much to the delight of some 150<br />
members, their families and guests, this was held, as<br />
for some years past, at Long Island, Portland Harbor,<br />
on Monday, Aug. 16.<br />
Long Island is also the summer home of "Pat" Mahaney<br />
and "Mike" Myers, who do a large and lucrative<br />
plumbing business in Portland under the firm<br />
name of Myers & Mahaney Plumbing Co., and are<br />
also loyal members of the State Association. It might,<br />
at first thought, be considered these gentlemen had a<br />
personal interest in having this outing held on "their<br />
island," so to speak.<br />
Those who have been fortunate enough, however, to<br />
attend one of tliese outings and to have observed the<br />
work accomplished by this pair to keep things moving<br />
and everyone happy, carried away a lasting impression<br />
that to hold this summer outing elsewhere would be a<br />
.rime.<br />
A group photo of the party was taken soon after<br />
arrival at the island with everyone looking pleasant.<br />
The annual ball game between the salesmen and<br />
plumbers followed. According to the official score this<br />
was won by the plumbers by the unheard-of score of<br />
11 to 0. This is opposed to all precedent and belief<br />
and indicates physical degeneration on the part of the<br />
salesmen, new blood among the plumbers or a prejudiced<br />
score. The players were as follows:<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s Salesmen<br />
Xugent, 2b, Captain. Sadler, c, captain.<br />
R. Hotte, c. Heriot, 3b.<br />
Lyon, r.f. Murphy, l.f.<br />
Stuart, l.f. Hinnman, e.f.<br />
McMahon, lb. Rich, lb.<br />
Knight, s.s. Austin, 2b.<br />
Tilton, 3b. Gibbs, p.<br />
Dewyea, p. Smith, s.s.<br />
Mahaney, cf. Quimby, r.f.<br />
F. E. Wheeier, Umpire. H.'W. Knight, Scorer.<br />
While the ball tossers were batting it out on the<br />
diamond, the future female voters gave a splendid<br />
exhibition of their athletic prowess. Ball rolling contest,<br />
prize, copper jardiniere, won by Mrs. C. A.<br />
Sadler, Brunswick; wheeling wheelbarrow to a mark<br />
blindfolded, prize, bathroom fittings, won by Mrs.<br />
Libby, Kittery; doughnut eating contest, first prize,<br />
slate sink, winner, Mrs. W. F. Mahaney, Biddeford,<br />
second price, box of candy, winner, Miss Ge<strong>org</strong>ia<br />
Marr. Saco; 100-yard dash, prize, 5 lb. box chocolates,<br />
winner, Miss Marion Skillings, Auburn.<br />
The sports for men and boys and winners were as<br />
follows: Sack race, first, Dupee; second, Sadler;<br />
boys' race, 100 yards, first, Frank A. Rosebrooke;<br />
second, Robert Goss.<br />
The tug-of-war has never yet been won by the salesmen<br />
as it is a contest between brain and brawn and<br />
the present was no different in its final results. Two<br />
"heats" were required in this event, however. On<br />
the first trial, finding the plumbers losing, the husky<br />
wives of two weak members grabbed the rope and<br />
speedily pulled the unfortunate salesmen off their<br />
feet. The referee ungallantly ordered another trial,<br />
which resulted in a victory for the plumbers even<br />
without the "Ladies' Aid."<br />
TEAM<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s Salesmen<br />
Taben Bent<br />
Dewyea Doten<br />
Reed Rich<br />
Knight Davenport<br />
Donovan Prescott<br />
F. E. Wheeler Dupee<br />
Tilton Tarr<br />
Hotte Quimby<br />
Mahaney Austin<br />
Moulton Miles<br />
The "chow" call was then heard and a good oldfashioned<br />
Maine shore dinner was served at Cushing<br />
Pavilion with clams, lobsters and "fixin's" enough to<br />
satisfy even the tug-of-war teams.<br />
Following this, State President A. P. Goodhue of<br />
Belfast called the assembly to order. He and Vice<br />
President E. A. Wheeler of Portland gave instructing<br />
reports of their attendance at the National Convention<br />
in Pittsburgh. Both speakers commended the work<br />
and efforts of the Trade Extension Bureau very<br />
strongly.<br />
Interesting remarks were also made by William<br />
Thayer, Bostoii manager of the United States Radiator<br />
Corporation, and Edward S. Bent of F. W. Webb<br />
Co., Boston. The remaining hours were spent in<br />
dancing and social intercourse until the last boat for<br />
Portland.<br />
Most of the "old guard" were present and many<br />
newcomers were noticed. "Eddie" Bent was warmly<br />
greeted by his old friends. Eddie formerly collected<br />
orders for his firm and "loose change" for himself in<br />
Maine until the field became too limited for one of<br />
his ability. Since that time he has represented the<br />
Webb Co. in South America, New York and other<br />
"furrin" countries.<br />
Fred C. Park, of Orono, has the distinction of coming<br />
the longest distance to attend the outing—1 10<br />
miles, to be exact.<br />
Manhattan <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Outing Sept. 9<br />
Enjoyable Day Planned for Members Who Attend Picnic at<br />
Duer's Hotel and Park, Whitestone, L. I.<br />
The annual outing of the Manhattan branch of the<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association will be held at Duer's<br />
Hotel and Park, Whitestone Landing, L. I., on Thurs<br />
day, Sept. 9.<br />
It is announced in a letter being sent to the members<br />
that a special train will leave the Pennsylvania<br />
Station, Thirty-third Street and Seventh Avenue, at<br />
11 a. m. On "arrival at Whitestone breakfast will be<br />
served, followed by a baseball game between tbe famous<br />
teams of the "Ins" and "Outs" and a general set
288 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
of athletic games, including championship bowling<br />
tournament. Prizes will be awarded for each event.<br />
At 5 o'clock a first-class dinner will be served.<br />
It is stated that the location and general surroundings<br />
for the outing cannot be excelled, as there is every<br />
facility for boating, bathing, fishing and dancing and<br />
a perfect athletic field.<br />
New members will find this an excellent opportunity<br />
to get acquainted and all niembers are expected<br />
to bring as many friends as they desire.<br />
The tickets are $7 and checks should be made payable<br />
to Treasurer M. Jarcho, 155 East Fifty-eighth<br />
Street. The outing committee is composed of J. H.<br />
Jasper, chairman; Ge<strong>org</strong>e J. Simon, secretary; M.<br />
Jarcho, treasurer; Harry Hemlin, James S. Lawlor,<br />
William Lawrence, A. F. Jackson, Herman Auskulat<br />
and John L. Knight.<br />
Rhode Island <strong>Plumber</strong>s Plan Outing<br />
Thirty-eighth Annual Picnic to be held on Septemper 4,<br />
at Oakland Beach Yacht Club, Newport<br />
The thirty-eighth annual outing of the Rhode Island<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association will be held at the Oakland<br />
Beach Yacht Club at Newport, R. I., on Saturday,<br />
Sept. 4.<br />
There will be a luncheon served at 12:30 o'clock<br />
followed by a shore dinner at 4:30. In the interim<br />
therej will be sports and other entertainment.<br />
The Newport members have been hard at work to<br />
make the affair a success. Among their number on<br />
the reception committee are: T. B. Connolly, Lincoln!<br />
Hammett, P. J. Murphy and Edward R. Openshaw,<br />
while on the entertainment committee are: Robert<br />
Haire, M. F. Murphy, Ray B. Wilson and the<br />
Sullivan brothers.<br />
Delaware Valley Golfers Meet<br />
Thirty-Six Members Enjoy Play at White Marsh Country<br />
Club Despite Unsettled Weather<br />
The August meeting of the Delaware Valley Trade<br />
Golf Association was held at the White Marsh Country<br />
Club, Chestnut Hill, Pa., on Aug. 18, with 36<br />
members in attendance.<br />
The weather conditions were not as good as on<br />
former meetings because of the excessive heat, but regardless<br />
of this, the association had one of its largest<br />
turnouts.<br />
The afternoon play was interrupted by a very severe<br />
thunder shower and the last three foursomes<br />
were unable to complete their game.<br />
The prizes for the day were presented as follows:<br />
First prize, morning play, won by Frank Newton, and<br />
second prize by Joseph Dallett.<br />
Best ball foursome play in the afternoon resulted<br />
as follows:<br />
First prize won by Fred Allen and P. J. Faherty; second<br />
prize by G. B. Strausner and B. H. Deacon, Jr.; third prize<br />
by A. A. Tomlinson and William E. Tinker.<br />
James E. McArdle acted as host and received the<br />
unanimous vote of thanks for the splendid entertainment<br />
provision made for the guests.<br />
The September meeting is to be held on Sept. 21,<br />
at the Baltimore Country Club, Baltimore, Md.<br />
Milwaukee Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Men's Picnic<br />
Annual Outing of Association Held at Knebel's Grove,<br />
Mequon, on Aug. 11<br />
On Wednesday, Aug. 11, 1920, the sheet metal<br />
contractors of Milwaukee f<strong>org</strong>ot their business and<br />
motored out to Knebel's Grove, Mequon, Wis., to<br />
OUTING OF MILWAUKEE SHEET METAL CONTRACTORS<br />
participate in the annual picnic. All arrived on the<br />
grounds very earlv for fear of missing something.<br />
Tiie picnic conimittee, composed of Messrs. Eschenburg,<br />
Hammann and Jeske, had provided a splendid<br />
program. An elaborate dinner was served at 1 p. m.<br />
which was enjoyed by all those present.<br />
In the afternoon a six-inning game of baseball was<br />
played. The sheet metal contractors, headed by William<br />
Hammann, defeated the tinners, headed by A. C.<br />
Scheder, by a score of 11 to 5. The wonderful pitching<br />
done by Edwin Wollager, secretary of the John<br />
Pritzlaff Hardware Co., for the sheet metal contractors<br />
was the feature of the game.<br />
Cigars were distributed by the John Pritzlaff Hardware<br />
Co., H. H. Wherry and A. Madsen.<br />
The picture plainly indicates that all were in the<br />
best of spirits and that they were not short of musical<br />
entertainment. All were having such a good time<br />
that it was onlv with considerable persuasion that<br />
some were finally induced, after darkness had overtaken<br />
them, to leave the scene of their day's enjoyment<br />
and turn their headlights towards home.<br />
Those who participated were: O. A. Hoffman,<br />
Herman Bretzel and son, Frank E. Downey, Alex<br />
Goethel, D. D. Green, William Hammann, J. M. Hollitz,<br />
Otto Jeske, A. C. Scheder, Adolph Schumann,<br />
E. B. Tonnsen, Edwin Wollager, H. Killian, John<br />
Bogenberger, Paul L. Biersaeh, Louis Eschenburg,<br />
William Gallun, August Graunke, Edward Hoffmann,<br />
R. F. Jeske, August Klubertanz, Henry Pluckhan,<br />
Herman Schaetzke, Charles Mueller. H. H. Wherry<br />
and G. H. Eggert.<br />
The Supply and Machinery Dealers'<br />
Convention of 1921<br />
For some years the National Supply and Machinery<br />
Dealers' Association, the Southern Supplv and<br />
Machinery Dealers' Association and the American<br />
Supply and Machinery Manufacturers' Association<br />
have met jointly in what has come to be popularly
AUGUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 289<br />
called in the trade "the triple convention." This<br />
gathering of Northern and Soutliern supply and Machinery<br />
dealers and of the manufacturers from whom<br />
the dealers very largely buy their goods of trade has<br />
been a conspicuous example of the tendency toward<br />
co-operation and intelligent competition, whicli has<br />
become more and more a factor in recent years in<br />
American industry and business. There has been a<br />
suggestion from some members of the Southern association<br />
that they draw apart and hold a convention of<br />
their own in 1921, a move which on many accounts<br />
PERSONAL NOTES<br />
R. W. MENK, of the Excelsior Steel Furnace Co.,<br />
Chicago, 111., addressed the Keewanis Club at Aurora<br />
on the subject of furnace heating on Aug. 18.<br />
R. W. BLANCHARD, Chicago manager for the Hart<br />
& Cooley Co., well-known makers of registers, left<br />
Friday for the home office in New Britain, Conn.<br />
HOMER ADDAMS, director of the Kewanee Boiler<br />
Co., with headquarters at 17 West Forty-second<br />
Street, New York City, is entertaining in an automobile<br />
camping trip through the Adirondacks, Nelson<br />
P. Thompson, chief engineer of the Supervising Architect's<br />
office, Treasury Department, Washington, D.<br />
C, and Frank K. Chew, editor of METAL WORKER,<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER.<br />
Jeremiah Sheehan 111<br />
The many friends of Jeremiah Sheehan, one of the<br />
oldest past-presidents of the National Association of<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, will regret to learn that he is now<br />
confined in the Mullanphy Hospital, having undergone<br />
an operation for appendicitis. Extreme measures<br />
were followed in connection with this operation.<br />
Mr. Sheehan, being an active association man and<br />
taking an interest in all of its affairs, was at the an-<br />
Jual picnic Saturday, Aug. 14. Sunday morning, Aug.<br />
15, he was hurried to the hospital and operated on<br />
that afternoon.<br />
The reports as to his condition emanating from his<br />
family are very gratifying, since the operation was<br />
successful and he has rallied very nicely from the<br />
shock.<br />
He carries the good wishes of a multitude of friends<br />
for a speedy recovery.<br />
SHEET METAL INDUSTRY<br />
THE THOMASTON METAL WORKS, Thomaston,<br />
Conn,, has been incorporated, with a capital of $100,-<br />
000, by A. Z. Boyd, W. T. Coholan and D. C. Coholan,<br />
39 Harrison Street, New Britain, Conn., to<br />
manufacture metal goods.<br />
ALFRED VESTER SONS, INC., Providence, R. I., has<br />
been incorporated, with a capital of $50,000, by<br />
Charles R. Haslam, Thomas G. Bradshaw and Wil-<br />
would be regrettable. The associations have shown<br />
the great good which has come out of the co-operative<br />
spirit in business through <strong>org</strong>anization, and it is therefore<br />
to be hoped that "the triple convention" will continue<br />
to exemplify the spirit of get-together in the<br />
machinery and mill supply trades. The mingling of<br />
manufacturers and dealers from all sections of the<br />
country has been a good thing for all. Their interests<br />
are common and not sectional and at all their joint<br />
conventions there has been the freest expression of<br />
satisfaction with the results of the tripartite meeting.<br />
Current Notes of All the Trades<br />
Ham W. Moss, 27 Angell Street, to manufacture metal<br />
products.<br />
THE AMERICA SHEET METAL WORKS, 24 Robinson<br />
Street, Providence, R. I., has filed notice of <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
to manufacture sheet metal products. Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
Goodman, 199 Willard Avenue, heads the company.<br />
ONE OF THE POPULAR MONTHLIES presents the following:<br />
"The City of Bareira in Portuguese East<br />
Africa is a City of Zinc." Zinc is used for all the<br />
buildings and almost anything else from railway cars<br />
to coffins.<br />
New Jersey Zinc Chemical Exposition<br />
The New Jersey Zinc Co., 160 Front Street, New<br />
York City, will have a display at the Sixth Annual<br />
Chemical Exposition, to be held during the week of<br />
Sept. 29 at Grand Central Palace, which will occupy<br />
booth No. 9 and a portion of booth No. 8, on the main<br />
floor. One of its features will be an exhibit indicating<br />
the route of the zinc ore in the manufacture of zinc<br />
products, as well as illustrating the ultimate uses of<br />
these products.<br />
Various zinc products of the "Horse Head" familj'<br />
will be displayed. These will include Zinc Oxide,<br />
Lithopone, Albalith, a new light-resisting pigment,<br />
Ochre, Slab Zinc, Rolled Zinc, Boiler Plates, Spiege-<br />
leisen, Zinc Dust, Muriatic Acid. Salt Cake, Sulphuric<br />
Acid and Zinc Chloride.<br />
W. Homer Hendricks, general sales manager, will<br />
be in charge. S. T. Ballinger, master painter, will<br />
assist him.<br />
Hack Saw Don'ts<br />
These few don'ts taken from the hack saw chart,<br />
prepared by the L. S. Starrett Co., Athol, Mass., if<br />
followed, will materially decrease your cutting costs.<br />
Don't use a coarse blade on light sheet metal, tubing<br />
or very hard steel.<br />
Don't use a coarse blade on brass, copper or gas<br />
pipe.<br />
Don't let blade slip or slide without cutting.<br />
Don't run blade too fast in power machines. When<br />
compounds are used saws can be run to good advantage<br />
on soft steel at about 125 strokes per minute, on annealed<br />
tool steel about 65 to 90 strokes per minute,<br />
on unannealed tube steel about 63 strokes per minute
290 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
When compound is not used run about 65 or 70 strokes<br />
per minute.<br />
Don't put too much weight on a new saw. Nothing<br />
is gained in trying to force the saw. Too much weiglit<br />
dulls the saw quickly, on the other hand, do not start<br />
cutting with too light weight. It is possible, especially<br />
in hand sawing, to dull the blade or completely<br />
ruin the blade in the first cut by using too little weight.<br />
As the result of tests of practice when starting a new<br />
blade on a hack saw machine, it is advisable to use<br />
the following weight and blades: No. 103, 12 lb.; No.<br />
112, 18 lb.; No. 115, 24 lb.; No. 114, 24 lb.; No.<br />
254, 44 lb.; No. 255, 44 lb.; No. 256, 65 lb. To<br />
maximum efficiency the weight should be gradually<br />
increased on each saw as it is dulled in cutting.<br />
Don't condemn a blade because it happens to break.<br />
Possibly it is the user's fault.<br />
Tin Plate Exports Widely Distributed<br />
American tin plate exports go to all quarters of<br />
the globe. The figures compiled by the Department<br />
of Commerce show an exportation of 41,674,449 lb.<br />
of tin plate, terne plate and taggers tin in June, 1920,<br />
valued at $3,333,597. Canada was the largest purchaser,<br />
with a total of 15,023,171 lb., valued at $1,-<br />
104,088. Japan came second with 8,098,031 lb. at<br />
$622,232; Brazil third, with 2,703,219 lb. at $220,-<br />
277, and China fourth, with 2,464,401 lb. at $199,052.<br />
During the same month the tin imports of the United<br />
States aggregated 11,232,325 lb. of tin bars, blocks<br />
and pigs, worth $6,913,571, and 2,194 tons of tin ore<br />
worth $2239,266.<br />
The Department of Commerce figures also show for<br />
June, 1920, the importation of 27,951 tons of copper<br />
ore, 12,151 tons of copper concentrates, 6,741 tons<br />
mat and regulus; and 16,031 tons of other forms of<br />
copper at a total valuation of $14,589,851. Copper<br />
exported for the month amounted to $12,921,000.<br />
Practically all of this was refined copper or finished<br />
products.<br />
Sheet Shortage in Canada<br />
The famine in black and galvanized sheets which<br />
has been under way in Canada fori the past three or<br />
four months continues to hold the market in its grip.<br />
Some dealers say that new material is being received<br />
from time to time, but this is by no means sufficient<br />
to take care of the heavy orders they have on their<br />
books, and is being doled out in small quantities to<br />
consumers whose needs appear to be the most urgent,<br />
and by the time a few of these have been taken care<br />
of the supply on hand is exhausted and there are still<br />
a large number of customers who are forced to wait<br />
until another supply arrives. The shortage has now<br />
become so acute that manufacturers are unable to get<br />
anything like enough sheets to keep their plants going<br />
at full time and some are complaining that they have<br />
been forced to cease the production of certain articles<br />
because they are unable to secure enough raw material<br />
in th line of shets. Local dealers state that they have<br />
large orders with the mills for both black and galvanized<br />
sheets, but these are unable to make deliveries.<br />
The shortage of proper shipping facilities, especially<br />
as regards ears, is one of the reasons United States<br />
mills are unable to fill their contracts with Canadian<br />
dealers. Another reason for the shortage of sheets is<br />
that Canadian producers have been held up on account<br />
of the shortage of fuel and raw materials as well as<br />
labor difficulties and have not been in a position to<br />
take care of tlieir orders.<br />
FURNACE AND STOVE TRADE<br />
THE SCOTT & HART STOVE & FURNITURE CO.,<br />
Terre Haute, Ind., has been incorporated, with $1,-<br />
000,000 capital stock, to manufacture stoves and furniture.<br />
The directors are Durward F. Scott, Oscar<br />
Hart and Richard M. Robinson.<br />
Detroit Range Boiler Picnic<br />
There will be no work done by the employees of the<br />
Detroit Range Boiler & Steel Barrel Co. on Sept.<br />
4, when the forces of the Detroit and Toledo plants<br />
will hold an outing. They will take the boat from the<br />
two cities and join at Sugar Island, where there will<br />
be a baseball game, races, swimming, dancing and<br />
other amusements which the island affords.<br />
A Selling Point<br />
The man who talks quality draws business. He is<br />
a booster and not a knocker. The knocker never gets<br />
anywhere. Illustrated is a sectional view of a wrought<br />
steel register face as made by the Hart & Cooley Co.,<br />
WROUGHT STEEL REGISTER FACE<br />
New Britain, Conn. The furnaceman talking quality<br />
to his customers cannot but note the rugged construction<br />
of this face. It is a quality-talking point on<br />
which he can secure business. These little points, if<br />
used in connection with your business, will increase<br />
your sales and eliminate the need of entering competition<br />
for work.<br />
Heating System Erected Double-Quick<br />
at Majestic Conference<br />
The furnace dealers' conference of the Majestic<br />
Co., Huntington, Ind., held on Tuesday, Aug. 3, was<br />
participated in by 60 dealers from the Indiana and<br />
Ohio territories. The program included the registration<br />
of guests at the company office at 8 to 9 o'clock<br />
a. m., followed by reception and inspection of the<br />
plant. Then an auto trip through the city ended at<br />
the Country Club, where a banquet was enjoyed. The<br />
guests were entertained by an address by Mayor<br />
Charles McGrew, a few musical selections and an<br />
address by Ira B. Potts, of Allen-Potts Realty Co.,<br />
entitled, "Advantages of Huntington as a Manufacturing<br />
and Shipping Center."<br />
One of the interesting features of the day was a<br />
demonstration of the installation of the Majestic<br />
Duplex Heating System. A temporary platform was<br />
erected and two of the company's sheet metal men<br />
erected the job, which was started at 2 o'clock. At
AUGUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 291<br />
3:40 the entire job was installed—the pipes properly<br />
wrapped with asbestos paper and a fire in the furnace<br />
sufficient to show the smoke coming from the flue.<br />
The company states that the conference was a great<br />
success and it .has decided to hold a similar affair<br />
next year on a larger scale. It was necessary to limit<br />
the invitations to the nearby dealers this year on account<br />
of lack of hotel accommodations.<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
THE HARRIS PUMP & SUPPLY Co., Pittsburgh, has<br />
acquired a two-story brick building, on lot 48 x 120<br />
ft., on Sidney Street, for a new local works.<br />
THE CAPITAL STOCK of the McNab & Harlin Mfg.<br />
Co., 55 John Street, New York, has been increased<br />
from $300,000 to $1,300,000. This company manufactures<br />
brass goods, valves, iron, steel goods, etc.<br />
THE ELYRIA ENAMELED PRODUCTS CO., Elyria,<br />
Ohio, is clearing a site for its proposed two-story addition,<br />
40 x 60 ft., to cost about $10,000.<br />
THE RUUD MFG. CO., Twenty-ninth and Smallman<br />
Streets, Pittsburgh, manufacturer of water heaters,<br />
etc., is having plans prepared for a brick and concrete<br />
addition, to be used as an extension to the foundry<br />
and the machine shop. Edward Ruud is president.<br />
A SET OF CONVENIENT PIPE DATA CARDS for steam<br />
fitters and plumbers are ready for those who request<br />
them from Kroeschell Bros. Co., West Erie Street,<br />
Chicago, 111., makers of the Ideal chain wrench. One<br />
card gives standard flange data showing the size of<br />
pipe, diameter of flanges, number of bolts, diameter<br />
of bolt, length of bolt, bolt circle, diameter ring<br />
gasket for pipe from 1 to 12 in. in size. On the other<br />
side of this card is found similar data where extra<br />
heavy flanges are used. The standard pipe card gives<br />
the inside diameter of pipes from % to 12 in. in size,<br />
weight per foot, internal area, lieating service, working<br />
and bursting pressures and information on the<br />
standard threads. The third card gives offset measurements,<br />
with an example illustrating how these are<br />
figured. These cards may be had only upon application.<br />
THE UEHLING INSTRUMENT CO., 71 Broadway, New<br />
York, manufacturers of fuel economy equipment, announces<br />
that it is now being represented in the New<br />
England states by the Smith Engineering & Supply<br />
Co., 89 State Street, Boston, Mass., manufacturers'<br />
agents and engineers, specializing in power plant<br />
equipment. S. W. Smith, president of the latter company,<br />
was until very recently associated with the<br />
Uehling Instrument Co. with headquarters in its New<br />
York office.<br />
UNDER THE HEADING, "When Will Prices Come<br />
Down," the August number of Pressure Gauge—the<br />
monthly house <strong>org</strong>an of the Burnett-Larsh Mfg. Co.,<br />
Dayton. Ohio, manufacturer of the Duro water systems,<br />
enumerates five reasons why they will not come<br />
down soon. Briefly summarized they are: Orders<br />
totalling 11,000,000 tons of steel now on the books of<br />
the United States Steel Corporation; price advances<br />
on steel $5 per ton, on iron $2 per ton, on tin, copper<br />
and other metals; 30 per cent increase in railroad<br />
transportation costs; manufacturers required to pay<br />
higher freight rates, and finally, since pig iron sells<br />
at $46 per ton, coke in demand at $18 per ton, car<br />
shortage and wages higher than ever before, it is<br />
improbable that lower prices will prevail before the<br />
middle of 1921 and then only through a gradual decline.<br />
The remaining three pages of the issue are<br />
devoted to illustrations of branch office displays and<br />
an amplification of "Duro" service.<br />
THE GREENFIELD TAP & DIE CORPORATION, Greenfield,<br />
Mass., has bought three Billings & Spencer<br />
hammers and several Toledo presses, in addition to<br />
anvils and miscellaneous f<strong>org</strong>e shop equipment for<br />
one of its subsidiary companies to materially increase<br />
production. Tlie General Electric Co., West Lynn,<br />
Mass., has purchased two additional lathes, thereby<br />
completing its recent list of 10 such tools, as well as<br />
a considerable amount of small equipment for its<br />
meter department. The Turner Centre System, Somerville,<br />
Mass., dairy products, has bought drills, lathes<br />
and grinding machines. Other business closed includes<br />
a 14-in. x 6 ft. Flather lathe, bought by the<br />
United States Envelope Co., Worcester, Mass.; a<br />
large backing-off lathe, by the American Tube Works,<br />
Somerville, Mass.; universal grinder by the Boston<br />
Woven Hose & Rubber Co., Cambridge, Mass.; No. 5<br />
Willard press, by a Norfolk Downs, Quincy, Mass.,<br />
machine shop; 16-in. x 8-ft. lathe and a shaper, by the<br />
Package Confectionery Co., South Boston, and two<br />
24-in. shapers, by the Chapman Valve Mfg. Co., Indian<br />
Orchard, Mass. The Thurston Mfg. Co.. Providence,<br />
gear cutters, has not covered its backing-off<br />
machine requirements.<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Examination in Wisconsin<br />
Through the courtesy of Frank F. King of the Wisconsin<br />
State Board of Health, Madison, Wis., we are<br />
enabled to present the following:<br />
Twenty-two who took the Wisconsin state examination<br />
for journeyman plumber's licenses and 16 who<br />
were examined for master's licenses on Aug. 5 at<br />
Janesville, Milwaukee and Superior, passed and were<br />
granted certificates by the state board of health. Five<br />
master and 18 journeyman applicants failed to appear.<br />
The successful masters arc: T. A. Freiberg, Clintonville;<br />
John Neil, Superior; A. J. Freisleben, L. C.<br />
Lenz, Janesville; Robert Schmidt, Ed. G. Kramer,<br />
Walter H. Klotz, Charles Heffling, Erwin Graack,<br />
Charles H. Blackford, Louis H. Goeltz, Leo. L. Lesinski,<br />
Albert J. Schafer, Walter O. Gegner, Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
F. Froemming, Milwaukee; Emil H. Doubek, Wauwatosa.<br />
Journeymen who passed are: W. L. Gingrass,<br />
Theodore J. Besse, Superior; Ben Wagner, Duluth,<br />
Minn.; Vivis J. Stadler, Ashland; Augustus Buchan,<br />
Ross M. Hathorn, Edward Harty, S. R. Luchsinger,<br />
Ross W. Brown, William Harty, Janesville; Robert<br />
B. Nelson, William H. Langheim, La Crosse; Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
E. Salladay, Beloit; Norman Frohrib, Oshkosh;<br />
Franklin J. Caspers, Racine; Walter Van Ryzin, Menasha;<br />
Albert J. Nelesen, Manitowoc; Lawrence J.<br />
Speilbauer, Appleton; Harry Osten, Fred Kendall, F.<br />
A. Brinlinger, Alvin W. Schubert, Mihvaukee.
292 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
An Improved Exhaust Lnit<br />
Illustrated is the Wing Scruplex exhauster made by<br />
the J. L. Wing Mfg. Co., 352-362 West Thirteenth<br />
Street, New York City. This unit is designed to be<br />
used where the air to be handled is extremely hot<br />
or ladened with grease, smoke, steam or any other<br />
thing of like nature which would be unwise to have<br />
come in contact with the working parts of the motor.<br />
MOTOR. ENTIRELY<br />
OUTSIDE !__ CURRENT<br />
OF VAPOR OR. AlR_c<br />
HANDLFD<br />
WING SCRUPLEX EXHAUSTER<br />
BEARING IS FLOODED CONSTANTLY WITH<br />
FRESH CLEAN AIR.-AIR HANDLED DOES<br />
NOT COME IN CONTACT WITH BEARING.<br />
[AIR IN! LE. i f<br />
It is a very compact and rugged unit and particularly<br />
well suited for exhausting grease-ladened air<br />
from over ranges, boilers and steam tables, also for<br />
vapor-ladened air of laundries. Its structure is such<br />
as to permit of easy connection to a multiple system<br />
of openings on the intake side and at the same time<br />
to afford easy access to all working parts and allows<br />
of being easily supported or hung at the desired<br />
position.<br />
132 Mile Oil Pipe Line for France<br />
James Stewart & Co., 30 Church Street, New York,<br />
has been awarded the contract for construction of an<br />
oil pipe line in France, from Havre to Paris, a distance<br />
of 132 miles. The pipe line will be built for<br />
interests connected with the Atlantic, Gulf & West<br />
Indies Co., in co-operation with French banking interests.<br />
Du Pont, Furland & Co. are the French banking<br />
firm most prominently identified with the project.<br />
The name of the company which will operate the pipe<br />
line is the Cie. Francaise de Transport des Mazouts<br />
et Petroles. The right of way for the pipe line is a<br />
concession from the French Government, which will<br />
receive a royalty on the oil pumped through the line.<br />
About 12,000 tons of line pipe will be required and a<br />
considerable tonnage of plates, which will be used for<br />
construction of storage tanks.<br />
New "Eveready Catalog"<br />
The new "Eveready" catalog, issued by the Oxweld<br />
Acetylene Co., 3640 Jasper Place, Chicago, 111.,<br />
i, now ready for the public. The catalog is issued<br />
i'i sections, each devoted to a particular phase of<br />
•"veready" equipment—welding and cutting blowpipe-;,<br />
regulators, accessories, etc.<br />
The "Eveready" line was formerly manufactured<br />
under the name of "Prest-O-Lite" apparatus by the<br />
Prest-O-Lite Co. and was extensively used in the<br />
metal trades. The Oxweld Co. took over the production<br />
and sales under the present name—Eveready<br />
—early in 1920, incorporating certain improvements<br />
in design latelv developed in oxy-acetylene engineering.<br />
Sanitary Earthenware Value<br />
From the Press Bulletin of the United States Geological<br />
Survey a preliminary report of the conditions<br />
prevailing in the pottery industry in 1919 is given.<br />
In 1919, the value of the production was $14,480,000,<br />
rhis was an increase of $3,239,000 in the face of the<br />
.'act that there was trouble in getting fuel and a shortage<br />
of labor and materials and embarrassing embargoes<br />
to slow down the production and delivery.<br />
Westinghouse Employees Take Voluntary<br />
Insurance<br />
Over 90 per cent of the employees of the Westinghouse<br />
Electric & Mfg. Co., at the East Pittsburgh<br />
Works, have taken advantage of the additional insurance<br />
and savings plan recently made effective by<br />
the <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
This, in effect, means that nearly all employees<br />
have savings accounts, beeause to be eligible for additional<br />
insurance the company requires each worker<br />
to deposit a portion of their earnings in the Employes'<br />
Savings Fund.<br />
Every employe when completing six months' service<br />
with the company is given a $500 life insurance<br />
policy, free of charge and without any restrictions.<br />
By continuing with the company and depositing at<br />
least 2 per cent of his earnings in the Employes'<br />
Savings Fund additional insurance of from $500 to<br />
$1,500 may be secured, the amount depending upon<br />
length of service. A policy of from $1,000 to $2,000<br />
may, therefore, be obtained by everv 7 employee of the<br />
Westinghouse company depositing in the Fund, which<br />
pays at the rate of 4^/2 per cent compounded semiannually<br />
on all deposits. To assist an employe to<br />
meet an emergency loans will be made from the Employes'<br />
Savings Fund.<br />
Every depositor can borrow 90 per cent of the<br />
money he has in the Fund without in any way affecting<br />
the value of the insurance. Repayment can be<br />
made at the rate of 10 per cent monthly.<br />
In addition to paying interest on the deposits, the<br />
company guarantees that the Fund is not to be used<br />
for private enterprise, but is to be held in trust<br />
solely for the employe, who can withdraw his savings<br />
account with accumulated interest at any time.<br />
The percentage of employes who have opened savings<br />
accounts with the company is very high compared<br />
with other <strong>org</strong>anizations with insurance plans.<br />
It is somewhat unique in industrial annals to know<br />
that 90 per cent of the workers in one of the largest<br />
<strong>org</strong>anizations in the world have savings accounts and<br />
through their thrift have made themselves eligible for<br />
life insurance policies of $1,000 and over.
AUGUST 27. 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 293<br />
Adjustable Double Acting Tank Lever<br />
The No. 777 double acting tank lever, made by the<br />
Frost Mfg. Co., Kenosha, Wis., gives evidence of being<br />
made by skilled mechanics from high-grade material.<br />
In a test the lever arm A withstood bending 45<br />
deg. in opposite directions twelve times before showing<br />
any crack. The cam B and bracket C are correspondingly<br />
heavy. This lever will fit any china, enameled<br />
iron or wood tank, with no other adjustment<br />
than the tightening of the nickel-plated hexagon nut<br />
on the outside of the tank.<br />
The accompanying illustration shows the adjustable<br />
feature. The bracket C, which has a male thread<br />
sufficiently long to extend through any tank, the cam<br />
B and the lever arm A are assembled as one unit;<br />
the porcelain handle G, hexagon nut H, handle cap<br />
F, hollow shaft D and flange E are another unit. To<br />
HOOKER & LIGHTBODY CO., Charles Carter, man-<br />
.•iger. is now installing<br />
Handsome Hill office<br />
steam fitting also.<br />
No 777<br />
Double Acting<br />
Flushing Lever - Porcelain Ha.ndle<br />
install in a tank the bracket C is placed in position<br />
from the inside of the tank and the hollow shaft D<br />
slipped over the square shaft of cam B, and hexagon<br />
nut H is tightened, forcing flange E against front of<br />
the tank, securing the lever permanently in correct<br />
position.<br />
Plumbing Trade in Jacksonville, Florida<br />
MASTER AND JOURNEYMEN PLUMBERS are all busy.<br />
Demands for residences and stores just cannot be<br />
met. The landlords have nearly everything for sale.<br />
In some instances four or five houses are painted up<br />
and newly painted inside and held for sale. Many<br />
residences are being remodelled into flats and where<br />
attics are large, they are being turned into the third<br />
story and rent quickly.<br />
THERE IS AN AWAKENING among manufacturing<br />
interest as to the wonderful progress of the State of<br />
Florida, as is evidenced by the Crane Co. establishing<br />
offices in Jacksonville, a forerunner of the large warehouse<br />
that it will build there for its plumbing and<br />
other materials, that city being the gateway of the<br />
state. This is the sixth wholesale house to establish<br />
there.<br />
ROBERT ENGSTROM, master plumber of Jacksonville,<br />
is now just finishing contract for Justin Halsema<br />
of 26 cottages. Mr. Engstrom, formerly of New<br />
Vork, has chosen Jacksonville for his permanent<br />
home. He is also the efficient secretary of the Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Employers' Association, with handsome<br />
offices in the Realty Building.<br />
the finest if plumbing in the<br />
Iiuilding. This firm has the<br />
CHARLES CHAPMAN, master plumber of Jacksonville.<br />
Fla., is now having a brief vacation in his old<br />
home in New York. Though fond of Jacksonville.<br />
he likes New York.<br />
LATE TRADE NEWS<br />
THE AMERICAN ENAMEL IRON PRODUCTS Co.,<br />
Chicago, is reported planning to build works for the<br />
manufacture of bath-tubs, etc., at Birmingham.<br />
THE FARBER CORNICE WORKS, Pawtucket, R. I.,<br />
have changed their name to the<br />
Farber Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> & Roofing<br />
Co., at the same time increasing<br />
their capital to $30,000 for extensions.<br />
ville, has awarded<br />
Construction Co.,<br />
one-story addition<br />
manager.<br />
THE NATIONAL TUBE CO.,<br />
Pittsburgh, has acquired the former<br />
building of the Pittsburgh<br />
Brewing Co., on Fourth Street,<br />
McKeesport, Pa., on lot 60 x 144<br />
ft., for a consideration of $30,000.<br />
It will be used in connection with<br />
its plant.<br />
THE STANDARD SANITARY MFG.<br />
Co., 319 West Main Street, Louis-<br />
a cantract to the National Concrete<br />
Board of Trade Building, for a<br />
75 x 150 ft. W. A. Wunderlish is<br />
THE PRATT & CADY Co., INC., Hartford, Conn.,<br />
manufacturer of valves, steam fittings, etc., is taking<br />
bids for a brick and concrete addition to its plant on<br />
Capitol Avenue.<br />
THE LOGANSPORT RADIATOR EQUIPMENT Co.,<br />
Logansport, Ind., will defer the erection of the addition<br />
to its plant until early next year. The structure<br />
is estimated to cost about $30,000.<br />
THE PENNSYLVANIA RANGE & BOILER CO., 2024<br />
North Tenth Street, Philadelphia, will commence immediate<br />
erection of a one-story addition to its boiler<br />
shop to cost about $15,000.<br />
THE AMERICAN TAP & DIE CO., Greenfield, Mass.,<br />
successor to Nichols Brothers, is enlarging its facilities<br />
to increase production. It also manufactures a<br />
complete line of threading tools as well as butchers'<br />
cutlery. A. B. Allen is president.<br />
OSCAR G. THOMAS, representing the Leonard &<br />
Baker Stove Foundry, Taunton, Mass., and the Barstow<br />
Stove Co., Providence, R. I., has purchased an<br />
idle power plant at Rehoboth, which will be remodeled<br />
to accommodate enameling equipment as soon<br />
as a company is formed by the new owner.<br />
THE REX METAL PATTERN & MACHINE Co., New<br />
York, has been <strong>org</strong>anized by E. G. Granlund and H.
294 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920-<br />
Heller, 444 West Thirteenth Street, to nianufacture<br />
mechanical metal products.<br />
THE IRON CITY PIPE & FOUNDRY Co., Birmingham,<br />
will build an addition to its foundry to double<br />
its output. With equipment it is estimated to cost<br />
about .$250,000.<br />
Copper in Steel Tie Plates Lessens<br />
Corrosion<br />
The New York Central lines have conducted a<br />
series of tests under the direction of J. V. Neubert.<br />
engineer maintenance of way, Eastern lines, to determine<br />
the relative loss of metal in tie plates of various<br />
composition, including tliose containing a small percentage<br />
of copper. The length of time over which the<br />
tests were conducted varied from two years to a maximum<br />
of six years, and some of the tests are still in<br />
progress. In all cases the maximum corrosion developed<br />
on the bottom or under side of the plates,<br />
contrary to the generally accepted theory of most<br />
engineers and maintenance of way men that the maximum<br />
corrosion takes place on the top or exposed portion.<br />
The results, as given below, are detailed by<br />
the Railway Age.<br />
The percentage of copper in the plates containing<br />
that metal ranged between 0.2 per cent as a minimum<br />
and 0.5 per cent as a maximum, the plates so treated<br />
being rolled otherwise according to the standards of<br />
the New York Central. The copper-treated plates so<br />
obtained were subjected to the same tests as the other<br />
plates. An exposed test on a number of steel tie<br />
plates rolled from mild Bessemer steel containing<br />
0.25 per cent copper and a number rolled according<br />
to the same specifications without the copper content<br />
showed an average loss of 8.88 per cent for untreated<br />
plates and only 1.46 per cent for the treated plates.<br />
A second exposed test was made which covered a<br />
larger number of tie plates rolled from metals of<br />
various compositions. The plates used in this instance<br />
were cleaned and then exposed on the roof of a<br />
building at Hoboken, N. J., where the action of the<br />
salt air of New York bay could be studied. Investigation<br />
showed that the loss on the copper plates<br />
varied from 0.46 to 0.72 per cent, with an average<br />
of 0.56 per cent.<br />
In comparing the data so obtained the nearest approach<br />
to the results reported from the copper-treated<br />
plates was a loss of 0.59 per cent for high carbon<br />
open-hearth steel, too hard to punch. The pure iron<br />
plate came next, with 1.17 per cent, and then the<br />
high-carbon Bessemer plate, with 1.77 per cent, the<br />
latter also being too hard to punch. The remainder,<br />
which were standard steel tie plates, varied from 4.70<br />
per cent to 6.60 per cent, showing in the common or<br />
regularly accepted tie plates eight to ten times the<br />
loss for the special copper-treated ones.<br />
This addition of copper naturally results in a<br />
slightly higher first cost, but the increase over regular<br />
prices will be but $2 to $3 a ton, depending upon<br />
the size of the order and other relative conditions.<br />
As a result of these experiments the New York Central<br />
has placed an order for 650,000 tie plates, or<br />
4.000 tons, to be rolled according to the railroad's<br />
standard specifications, with the addition of 0.25 per<br />
cent of copper.<br />
Death of John D. Green<br />
The stove trade of the United States has lost one<br />
of its most active workers for the general good of the<br />
whole industry in the death of Jolm D. Green suddenly<br />
in a hospital to which he had been confined in<br />
Aurora, 111., on Sunday, Aug. 15. He had been ill<br />
about a week with kidney and gall stones. Mr. Green<br />
was a large man but very active and he was in his<br />
early sixties. Mr. Green has been before the stove<br />
industry in many capacities tor several years. In the<br />
earlv 80s he, with others, established the Pittston<br />
Stove Co., Pittston, Pa. Later he was well known<br />
through the country as the secretary of the Empire<br />
State Association of Stove Manufacturers.<br />
While he was connected with the Detroit Stove<br />
Works, he was elected president of the National Warm<br />
Air Heating and Ventilating Association, where he<br />
also left his impress for good upon that field of activity.<br />
He came East to take the vice-presidency of<br />
the Rathbone-Sard Co., Albany, N. Y., and later went<br />
to center of its larger producing activities.<br />
LATE JOHN D. GREEN<br />
Mr. Green for years was one of the live spirits at<br />
the annual meeting of the National Association of<br />
Stove Manufacturers and at all of the meetings wherever<br />
stove or furnace manufacturers gathered. He<br />
had a firm confidence that if things were not rights<br />
they could be made better and this spirit was widely<br />
recognized and established for him a high esteem<br />
throughout the entire industry. He was an active<br />
supporter of the movement on the part of the furnace<br />
manufacturers to establish the research work on furnace<br />
heating being done at the University of Illinois.<br />
Mr. Green is survived by his widow and two<br />
daughters.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e J. Kent Drowned<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e J. Kent, superintendent of the stock and<br />
shipping departments of the Street & Kent Mfg. Co.,<br />
Chicago, 111., was killed at White Hall, Mich., on Aug.<br />
4, when a pleasure steamer ran into a row boat in<br />
which Mr. Kent and three others were riding. Funeral<br />
services were held at his late residence, 707 Sacramento<br />
Boulevard, and interment was in Calvarv<br />
Cemetery.
AUGUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 295<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Summary<br />
Black and Oalvanized Sheets—Lighter receipts, falling<br />
below demand.<br />
Tin Plate—Little stock available for jobbers.<br />
Tin—Continued Stagnation.<br />
Copper—Demand dull, inquiries light, price advance anticipated.<br />
'Ainr—Demand fair.<br />
Antimony—Inactive.<br />
Foundry Coke—Gain in supply. Prices lower and production<br />
and shipment improved.<br />
Linseed Oil—Demand light; price fluctuating.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Stocks better, prices down.<br />
The quotations below are based on the- rate, in effect on<br />
August 24:<br />
Wc- quote for early deliverv in the New Vork district as follows:<br />
East. Pa., No. 1 fdy., sil. 2.75 to 3.25 $53.80 to $54.SU<br />
East. Pa., No. 2X fdy., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 52.05 to 53."5<br />
East. Pa., 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 50.80 to 51.80<br />
Buffalo, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 51.90 to 53.90<br />
No. 2 X'irginia. sil. 1.75 to 2.25 52.40 to 5-1.40<br />
Chicago.— The market is very quiet. Tliere has been a<br />
fair movement of cars on consignment on the eve of the<br />
freight advance, but not a great deal in terms of tonnage.<br />
Local foundries are still fairly busy, but in other portions<br />
of the district some melters have curtailed output. The<br />
diminishing demand has apparently induced some of the<br />
high price furnaces to trim their prices.<br />
General Conditions More Promising<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered at consumers'<br />
yards except those for Northern foundry, malleable and steelmaking<br />
irons, including low phosphorus, which are f. o. b. furnace<br />
and do not include a switching charge averaging 50c per ton,<br />
4TT Taking everything by and large the general which will be about 70c a ton after Aug. 26. The delivered prices<br />
quoted below are based on thc new freight rates.<br />
jj condition of things during the -week seems to<br />
Northern coke, No. 1, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 last<br />
have improved. With the faster movement of freight half $48.25<br />
attributed to increased efficiency and the scarcity of Northern coke. No. 1 spot 48.25<br />
cars becoming less acute, accumulated stocks have<br />
been reduced and turned into money, making a some<br />
Northern coke foundry, No. 2, sil. 1.75 to 2.25<br />
last half<br />
Northern coke. No. 2 spot<br />
46.00<br />
46.00<br />
what easier tone in the. money market. A report Southern coke. No. 1 foundry and No. 1 soft,<br />
from Washington states that the car shortage has<br />
been reduced by at least 10,000 cars. The automobile<br />
manufacturers have been holding up in some<br />
sil. 2.75 to 3.25 $50.92 to 51.87<br />
Southern coke, No. 2 foundrv, sil. 2.25 to<br />
2.75 49.92 to 50.37<br />
Southern foundry, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 48.67<br />
cases on both pig iron and sheet shipments much to Philadelphia.— The upward trend of pig iron prices<br />
the relief of manufacturers in other lines. At least<br />
has not yet halted. Scarcity of iron for early delivery has<br />
prompted one Eastern interest to advance its price from<br />
one of the automobile makers has placed his factory $50 to $51, base, while another Eastern furnace has in<br />
on a shorter week, and it now looks as if there were creased the differentials for high silicon iron. Although<br />
some relief in sight from the tendency of the auto $50, base, is still quoted by this furnace, its price for<br />
Xo. 2X is $52.50, furnace, and for No. 1 foundry, $55,<br />
mobile industry to dominate the market by its will<br />
furnace. Although increased freight rates on ore, coke and<br />
ingness to pay premiums. Of course there are ten limestone, it is stated, will add about $2.50 to $3 a ton to<br />
dencies to increase prices in some instances, as for the cost of making iron at eastern Pennsylvania merchant<br />
furnaces, it is the scarcity of iron which is the chief factor<br />
example with pig iron. In addition there are other<br />
in the continued rising selling prices. Consumers are wary<br />
indications that the top has been passed in a good of buying ahead at the present high level, and there is<br />
many instances. The new schedule of freight rates very little inquiry for first quarter of next year.<br />
is in effect but just what results it is going to proThe<br />
following quotations are for iron delivered in consumers'<br />
yards in Philadelphia or vicinity, except those for low phosphorus<br />
duce generally remains to be seen. The following<br />
iron, which are f. o. b. furnace:<br />
are some of the changes in freight rates of finished East Ta. No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil $51.26 to $52.54<br />
and semi-finished steel, on the basis of carloads, in East Pa. No. 2X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 53.76<br />
cents per 100 pounds:<br />
Pittsburgh to: Old Rate<br />
Boston 29-5<br />
New York 27<br />
Philadelphia 25<br />
Baltimore 24<br />
Chicago 27<br />
St. Louis •• J4<br />
Cleveland 1?<br />
Toledo 21.5<br />
Detroit 23.5<br />
Cincinnati 23.5<br />
Louisville 26.5<br />
Buffalo • 21<br />
FOUNDRY PIG IRON<br />
New Rate<br />
41.5<br />
38<br />
35<br />
33.5<br />
38<br />
47.5<br />
-Al<br />
30<br />
33<br />
ii<br />
il<br />
29-5<br />
Virginia No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil 55.47<br />
Virginia No. 2X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 56.72<br />
Cincinnati.— The market is dull and sales are mostly<br />
for tonnages ranging from a carload to 300 tons. Buying<br />
for first half, which had been fairly good for the<br />
past three weeks, has quieted down, and there is no disposition<br />
on the part of furnaces, with the possible exception<br />
of two in the South, to solicit business for next year. With<br />
improving transportation conditions melters in this territory<br />
who have not covered for last quarter are getting<br />
better shipments on contracts, and are remaining out of<br />
the market in the belief that they will have enough iron,<br />
with that purchased for fill-in purposes, to carry them<br />
through the year. Prices on all grades cover a wide range.<br />
New freight rates effective August 26 will add 90c a ton to<br />
Southern iron delivered in Cincinnati and 72c from the<br />
Ironton district.<br />
New York.— Many Eastern consumers of foundry pig Based on freight rates of $3.60 from Birmingham and $1.80 from<br />
iron have considerable iron due them on contracts, and Ironton, we quote f. o. b. Cincinnati:<br />
deliveries will not only run through the remainder of the Southern coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (base price).... $46.50 to $47.50<br />
year, but in a good many cases will carry over into 1921. Southern cnke sil 2.25 to 2.75 (.Nc 2 soft).... 47.75 to 48.75<br />
Buving for 1921 is relatively unimportant and sellers do<br />
Southern Ohio coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (No. 2) 48.52 to 49.52<br />
not look for any large business in the near future. Under<br />
Cleveland—Some pig iron is still being sold for the<br />
first half of next vear, but inquiry for that delivery has<br />
the advanced freights effective on Thursday the rate from<br />
fallen off One interest whicli has been taking first half<br />
Eastern Pennsylvania to this market, which has been $1.80,<br />
contracts for some time reports sales in the week aggre<br />
becomes $2 .52. The Buffalo rate of $3.90 becomes $5.46.<br />
gating only 2000 tons, these sales being made at $16 and
296 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27. 1920<br />
$47 for Xo. 2 foundry. There has been some activity recently<br />
in Southern iron for prompt shipment, whieh can<br />
now be purchased at about the same delivered prices as<br />
Northern iron. Southern iron is still quoted at $42 base,<br />
at furnace, for the remainder of the year and the first<br />
half. With the advance in freight rates August 26, a 40<br />
per cent advance will be made on local switching charges,<br />
making these 42c and 56c.<br />
We quote delivered from Cleveland as follows, based on the<br />
new freight rates, these being a 56c switching charge for local<br />
iron, a $1.96 freight rate from Valley points, a $3.36 rate from<br />
Tackson and $6.67 from Birmingham.<br />
Northern No. 2 fdry., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 $50.56<br />
Southern fdry., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.92<br />
Ohio silvery sil. 8 per cent 63.36<br />
OLD MATERIALS<br />
Scrap Iron, New York.—There is a division of opinion<br />
in the scrap trade as to whether the advance in freight<br />
rates, effective August 26, will be absorbed by the consumers<br />
or producers of scrap. Some scrap brokers have<br />
offered lower prices at point of shipment to producers, but<br />
in all cases have not been successful in getting shippers to<br />
accept these prices. Many shippers believe that the freight<br />
rates will result in higher prices, or at least that they will<br />
not be obliged to make concessions, and they are holding<br />
their material accordingly. The present is largely a waiting<br />
market.<br />
Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are quoting<br />
to local foundries, per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $41.00 to $42.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building materials,<br />
etc.,) cupola size 40.00 to 41.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size 32.00 to 33.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc) 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. in diam., not under<br />
2 ft. long) 20.00 to 20.50<br />
Stove plate 26.00 to 27.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago.— The freight advance has<br />
aroused considerable speculation a.s to the future relationship<br />
of the various scrap centers. It is generally believed<br />
that the increased rates to Cleveland, Pittsburgh and other<br />
points East of here will result in more scrap gravitating<br />
to Chicago and a reduction in shipments from this market<br />
to those centers. This district provides more scrap than<br />
it consumes and the divergence between output and consumption<br />
will no doubt be accentuated. The current market<br />
is fairly strong in some departments and dull in others.<br />
We quote delivery in consumers' yards, Chicago and vicinity,<br />
all freight transfer charges paid, as follows:<br />
Per Net Ton<br />
No. 1 cast 36.00 to $36.50<br />
Boiler punchings • 27.50 to 28.00<br />
Locomotive tires, smooth 24.00 to 24.50<br />
Machine shop turnings 9.50 to 10.00<br />
Cast borings 13.50 to 14.00<br />
Stove plate 28.50 to 29.00<br />
Grate bars 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Brake shoes 26.50 to 27.00<br />
Railroad malleable 28.50 to 29.00<br />
Agricultural malleable 28.00 to 28.50<br />
Country mixed -.. 17.00 to 18.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburgh.— Heavy melting steel is hardly<br />
quotable at less than $29, although dealers are having<br />
some success in covering sales where specifications are not<br />
too exacting at about $1 per ton below this price. A welldefined<br />
effort is on foot among dealers to secure a revision<br />
of prices in old contracts against which they were<br />
prevented by embargoes and mill congestion from completing<br />
up to this time. Since the increased freight rates<br />
become effective this week, dealers stand to lose considerably<br />
in completing these contracts and since they do not<br />
feel they were at fault they believe they should be compensated<br />
to the extent of the increase in freight charges.<br />
We quote from delivery to consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh<br />
and other districts that take Pittsburgh freight rates as follows:<br />
Cast iron wheels $42.00 to $43.00<br />
Rolled steel wheels 31.00 to 32.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 15.50 to 16.00<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 23.00 to 24.00<br />
Short shoveling turnings 20.00 to 20.50<br />
Heavy breakable cast 36.00 to 37.00<br />
Stove plate 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Cast iron borings 20.00 to 21.00<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 33.00 to 34.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York.—Consumers seem to be purchasing<br />
for immediate requirements only and as a result<br />
business is very dull. Dealers' buying prices are nominally<br />
as follows;<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible $14.75<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 14.00<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 12.75<br />
Brass, heavy 8.25<br />
Brass light 7.75<br />
Heavy machine composition 13.75<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 8.50<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turnings.... 11.00<br />
Lead, Heavy 7.50 to 7.75<br />
Lead, tea 5.00 to 5.25<br />
Zinc 5.25 to 5.50<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.- The market is still quiet. Dealers'<br />
buying prices follow:<br />
Red brass $14.75<br />
Yellow brass, heavy 10.25<br />
Yellow brass, borings 9.00<br />
Heavy wire 14.50<br />
Heavy copper 14.50<br />
Copper clips 13.00<br />
Copper bottoms 11.00<br />
Lead pipe 6.25<br />
Tea lead 5.00<br />
Tin foil 35.00<br />
Block tin pipe 40.00<br />
Zinc 5.00<br />
Pewter, No. 1 30.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Boston.— Activity in copper shows some<br />
increase but in other respects lifelessness in metals is apparent.<br />
Zinc continues in fair demand and lead is fairly<br />
active. Dealers are nominally paying as follows:<br />
Heavy crucible copper $15.25 to $15.75<br />
Heavy scrap copper 14.75 to 15.25<br />
Light copper 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Heavy machine composition, red brass 15.00 to 15.50<br />
Composition turnings No. 1 11.50 to 12.00<br />
Heavy brass 8.50 to 9.00<br />
Light brass ' 7.00 to 7.50<br />
Brass turnings No. 1 rod 8.50 to 9.00<br />
Lead, solid 7.50 to 7.75<br />
Zinc 5.50 to 5.75<br />
Pewter No. 1 34.00 to 36.00<br />
(lean cast aluminum 22.50 to 23.00<br />
New aluminum clippings 25.00 to 25.50<br />
Old and painted aluminum 23.00 to 23.50<br />
Old Ruhber.— Buying in the old rubber market is limited<br />
to immediate needs and prices are easier.<br />
Boots and shoes 5^4 to 6<br />
Trimmed arctics 4_ to 4^4<br />
Auto tires 2J4<br />
Bicvcle tires 1J4 to \VX<br />
Solid tires 2 to 2V-,<br />
No. 1 inner tubes 10>_ to ll-/.<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4^2<br />
Mixed red scrap 3J_ to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap 1_ to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose _i to 1J4<br />
Garden hose .4 to 1<br />
Old Rags.— The old rags market is firm although higher<br />
prices are expected. Demand is fair.<br />
No. 1 whites $10.50 to $11.00<br />
No. 2 whites 5.50 to 5.75<br />
Thirds and blues 3.25 to 3.50<br />
Straight garments 2.00 to 2.10<br />
Hard back carpets 1.75 to 1.85<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Paper Stock.— A steady demand is reported in the<br />
paper stock market and the tone is strong.<br />
Over issue magazines $3.05 to $2.93<br />
Crumpled news 2.10 to 2.20<br />
SHEETS AND METALS<br />
New York, August 27, 1920.<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets.— Receipts are not as<br />
satisfactory as they were and are not sufficient to satisfy<br />
the present demand. However, the present demand is<br />
largely made up of anticipated wants by users who placed<br />
orders sometime ago for delivery at this time. Shipments<br />
are not coming through to meet those wants. Freight<br />
movements on the whole are better.<br />
Tin Plate.— Little stock continues to be available for<br />
the jobber, as the heavy movement is in the direction of<br />
the canners. The mills are improving in production, as is<br />
also freight movement.<br />
Copper.— There has been little doing in copper, with the<br />
demand very dull. Producers are holding prices firm, and
Gouldn f be Welded ?<br />
HERE is shown the everyday way in which Prest-O-Lite as<br />
used in the oxy-acetylene process does the unusual thing—<br />
These two bridge girders that couldn't be welded still span a<br />
27 foot weighing pit.<br />
Standard switch locomotives haul hundreds of heavily laden slag<br />
cars over these daily.<br />
And they have stood up under these trying conditions better than<br />
the best of riveted iron work.<br />
They are a splendid example of the ever-widening use of the<br />
oxy-acetylene flame and Prest-O-Lite.<br />
Prest-O-Lite is the supreme gas for all welding and cutting;<br />
its service i.s nation-wide from forty plants and warehouses.<br />
THE PREST-O-LITE COMPANY, INC.<br />
GENERAL OFFICES, CARBIDE AND CARBON BUILDING<br />
30 EAST 42ND STREET, NEW YORK<br />
KOHL BUILDING, SAN FRANCISCO<br />
In Canada<br />
PREST-O-LITE COMPANY of CANADA, LIMITED, TORONTO
298 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
it is anticipated that there will be an advance to cover<br />
the increased cost of freight as the result of the rise in<br />
rates granted.<br />
Lead.—The market has weakened somewhat due to some<br />
heavy arrivals of the metal both from London and Mexico.<br />
On the whole, however, this metal occupies a strong position<br />
in the market.<br />
sheets on contracts, although better shipments West are<br />
expected once the Interstate Commerce Comnission order<br />
allowing the loading of box cars moving to the grain pro<br />
ducing districts becomes effective. Current sheet mill<br />
operations taking in both the American Sheet & Tin Plate<br />
Co. and the independents are about 70 per cent of capacity.<br />
NOTES ON PRICES<br />
Zinc.— The market is strong. The spot metal is scarce<br />
and futures are commanding a premium. The demand is<br />
only fair and producers are reluctant on committing them Linseed Oil.—There has been a reduction in price<br />
selves far in advance because of uncertainties in costs. which has brought out a number of small orders but there<br />
has been no buying of, note. There is little interest being<br />
Antimony.—There is still inactivity in this metal with<br />
shown in futures.<br />
no change in prices.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.— A further decline in the<br />
Tin.— The market has dropped off slightly. The de Southern market has resulted in a weaker feeling in the<br />
mand is dull, with receipts running fairly large.<br />
Xew York market. There is little or no demand.<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgh.—Consumers still are short and<br />
Rosin.— Prices have sagged off on rosin due to the<br />
there continues to be a keen demand for stock tin plate,<br />
continued dullness of the market.<br />
and much anxiety by container manufacturers to enter Foundry Coke.— There is a decidedly better feeling in<br />
production orders for shipment over the end of the yea. the coke market due to increased production and the freer<br />
and in the first quarter of next year. More or less buying movement of cars. There has been a slackening in the<br />
of sheet bars for conversion into tin plate has been noted, demand and although it is hardly possible to do better<br />
one oil company having taken 3,000 tons and another 500 prices there is a general admission that the market is in<br />
tons. The American Sheet & Tin Plate Co. has stopped all round better condition.<br />
taking conversion business in both sheets and tin plate, al Registers.— The discounts on all kinds of registers<br />
though its receipts of steel from its regular sources of have been revised during the week by Chicago dealers.<br />
supply still are below normal. Export demand for tin<br />
plate is described as quiet.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh.— Consumers still are pressing Wants Special Boiler Covering<br />
makers pretty heavily for shipments arid a comparatively<br />
large amount of new business is being offered. Some ex<br />
(Continued from page 283)<br />
tremely fancy prices are reported as having been paid impervious to moisture, as it seems that that is the only<br />
on shipments carrying specified deliveries. It is reported thing which will be possible?<br />
that as high as 10.50c has been paid independent makers We used a high-grade asbestos covering on this<br />
for galvanized sheets, but no sizeable tonnages are involved, boiler, therefore it is no fault of the material used,<br />
the more general maximum being accepted at 8.75c. It is<br />
but merely the condition under which it has been sub<br />
said that the latter price is more than $10 a ton above what<br />
jected. I trust I may have an early reply.<br />
buyers who have had sheet bars converted have had to<br />
pay. Only slight improvement is noted in the movement of<br />
NOTICE SLIDING SLEEVE<br />
DAMPER (Patented)<br />
Burt Ventilators are made<br />
in round, square, rectangular<br />
and special shapes, a<br />
full variety of types and to<br />
meet every requirement of<br />
buildings of all kinds. They<br />
are adjustable and stormproof.<br />
BURTS SELL FAST<br />
You have only to mention a few of the<br />
many exclusive features of Burt design and<br />
construction to win over the most stubborn<br />
purchaser.<br />
It will prove a pleasant surprise to you<br />
to find how easy it is to land big orders<br />
one after another when you handle the<br />
Burt line.<br />
Write for the Burt .Proposition Today<br />
The Burt Manvifacturino- Co.<br />
300 MAIN STREET AKRON, OHIO<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. Reed & Co., Montreal, Sole Manufacturer of "Burt"<br />
Ventilators for Canada
AUGUST 27, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 299<br />
Fuel Conservation<br />
The lieating industry will be helped if such articles<br />
as the one printed below find their way into the papers<br />
in every community. The man who is pushing all<br />
kinds of combustion improving equipment, draft and<br />
temperature regulators and such profit-bringing articles<br />
should bring them to the papers' attention and<br />
recommend their presentation for public good:<br />
The conservation of fuel of all kinds has proved to be one<br />
of the most momentous problems of recent years. Of course<br />
everyone is acquainted with the stress laid upon the saving<br />
of coal during wartime and the period succeeding, and the<br />
various special and extraordinary measures to that end put<br />
into effect by national and municipal authorities. Private<br />
concerns adopted every practical fuel-saving method and<br />
even householders employed means of conserving their<br />
meager stores of fuel that were little short of heroic.<br />
Since the passing of the pressing emergency of the war<br />
months, however, not so much is said of the urgency for<br />
being judicious in the use of fuel, and the fact is that very<br />
little is known of the far-reaching results of the former<br />
necessity for getting the utmost energy out of every particle<br />
of fuel available for use.<br />
It is a very noteworthy fact that scarcity, and the resulting<br />
higher cost of fuel, turned loose the trained talent<br />
of the whole nation on this problem and some of the results<br />
are astounding in their effectiveness, but in spite of<br />
this, are but little known, and even when made public have<br />
excited little comment and are accepted as matter of course.<br />
When people have read such information they are<br />
more ready to listen to the explanation of what a<br />
device will do and when they see the benefit, the sale<br />
is almost made. This is a service to the people that<br />
will be appreciated and brings a good return.<br />
<strong>Worker</strong>s' Committee on Building<br />
Construction<br />
An innovation in making provision for the safety<br />
of workmen engaged in building and construction<br />
work has been introduced in the erection of extensions<br />
to the plant of the American Rolling Mill Co. at<br />
Middletown, Ohio. At 2 p. m. each Tuesday a committee<br />
of foremen, mechanics and laborers inspect the<br />
work from sewers to roof to see that proper methods<br />
are taken to safeguard the employees against accident.<br />
The committee makes a detailed report of each inspection<br />
to a representative safety committee, which<br />
considers and puts into effect the recommendations of<br />
the inspection committee.<br />
The plan was introduced and is being carried out<br />
by Dwight P. Robinson & Co., Inc., an engineering<br />
and construction <strong>org</strong>anization, which recently absorbed<br />
the Westinghouse, Church, Kerr Co.<br />
Soot As a Disinfectant<br />
It has been found that soot acts as a disinfectant<br />
and is more active moist than dry. Water seems to<br />
dissolve the disinfecting agents in the soot, making<br />
them more active. Carbon floating in the air seldom,<br />
if ever, carries bacteria unless it has lodged on the<br />
ground and is again blown into the air.<br />
Now, soot acts as a very effective blanket, protecting<br />
the bacteria and giving them a chance to<br />
o-row. Diseases of the nose and throat are not appreciably<br />
more prevalent in smoky cities, but they are<br />
more" severe and harder to cure. This is probably<br />
t PLUMBING ^<br />
FIXTURES . ^<br />
A Big Chance to Secure<br />
Profitable Contracts!<br />
Plumbing contractors everywhere are finding a new, expanding<br />
opportunity to increase profits by recommending, selling and<br />
installing the Watrous Gravity Liquid Soap System. Industrial<br />
plants of all kinds, Factories, Railway Depots, Hospitals,<br />
Public Buildings, etc., are adopting this improved method of<br />
dispensing soap.<br />
The one large central container, easily refilled, is far more<br />
economical and more convenient in operation than the ordi<br />
nary wasteful method of an individual container for every bowl.<br />
No moving parts to The<br />
Watrous System to get out<br />
of order. Operates wholly<br />
by gravity. The simple<br />
valve in the<br />
dispenser regu<br />
lates an even,<br />
non-wasting<br />
supply of<br />
soap. A<br />
plumber's<br />
services are<br />
required to<br />
install the<br />
System.<br />
Therefore,<br />
every sale<br />
you make<br />
will carry<br />
with it a<br />
installation.<br />
contract for<br />
The Watrous<br />
Gravity Liquid Soap Sys*<br />
tem is a new addition to the<br />
line of the celebrated Watrous<br />
Sanitary Plumbing<br />
Equipment,<br />
distinquished<br />
as representing<br />
the most<br />
advanced<br />
ideas in<br />
sanitary<br />
plumbing<br />
science. The<br />
Watrous<br />
Line also includes<br />
Watrous<br />
Duojet Closets,<br />
Self-Closing<br />
Cocks, Uri<br />
Free Information on Request nals, Drinking Fountains<br />
and up-to-date Specialties.<br />
The Imperial Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
1323 AV. Harrison St.<br />
Chicago, IlL<br />
due as much to the cracking of the mucous membrane<br />
by the change from the dry atmosphere in the<br />
houses to the moist air outside and subsequent irritation<br />
bv dust and smoke.<br />
THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION of Commerce and<br />
Trade, of Berlin, Germany, is to be re-established.<br />
The Chamber of Commerce of the United States has<br />
been notified that a New York advisory board has<br />
been established for the purpose of re<strong>org</strong>anizing the<br />
Berlin association. W. R. Steinway, 107 East Fourteenth<br />
Street, is chairman of this board. The association<br />
will be re<strong>org</strong>anized to limit voting power to<br />
Americans, assuring American control.<br />
THE PENNSYLVANIA PUMP & COMPRESSOR CO., Easton,<br />
Pa., announces the opening of additional sales offices<br />
in the following cities: Buffalo, 788 Potomac<br />
Avenue, J. B. Laird, manager; Cleveland, 232 St.<br />
Clair Avenue N. E., L. J. Wakefield; St. Louis, 1956<br />
North Broadway, Corby Supply Co.; Minneapolis,<br />
423 Fifth Street South, L. E. Pollard Co.; Omaha,<br />
801 First National Bank Building, L. E. Pollard Co.<br />
THE NATIONAL MACHINE TOOL BUILDERS' ASSOCIAtion<br />
will hold its nineteenth annual fall convention<br />
at the Hotel Astor, New York, on Thursday and Friday<br />
Dec. 2 and 3. Reference to this postponement of<br />
the regular date of the meeting until the outcome of<br />
the national elections was noted in a previous issue.
300 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER AUGUST 27, 1920<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
-liould be baaed only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specilied<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide changes in<br />
liiice continue.<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in Nev.<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks. «•«•_».<br />
As there are many consumers wbose requirements are not sufficiently neavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticaDi.<br />
to name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
5 in.<br />
4.25 4.05 3.00 ROSIN—<br />
Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over 5 J. i<br />
4.90 4.50 3.50 Common to good strained (whole private brands very according to<br />
99% pure, in ingots for remelt 6 in.<br />
5.05 4.75 4.00 sale), 280 lbs., per bbl $14.75 composition.<br />
ing, 100-lb. lots—37 to 39c.<br />
6.50 7.50 SHEETS—<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES—<br />
ELBOWS AND SHOES—<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
Yaeger's Salts:<br />
Galvanized Steel-<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb.<br />
Cents per lb. 1-lb. cans, each 60<br />
Plain Round and Corrugated-<br />
9c to 10c<br />
No. 10, per lb 6.50-8.00 5-lb. cans, each $3.00<br />
All sizes up to 6 in 5C%<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET—<br />
No. 12, per lb 6.55-8.05 A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
Square—<br />
Base BISMUTH- price Nominal<br />
No. 14, per lb 6.60-8.10 Gallon $1-25<br />
Per lb. ...<br />
.$4-00 to $4.50<br />
Square 40% No. 16, per lb 6.70-8.20 12-gal. Carboy 90c per gallon<br />
Copper—<br />
Black— One Pass. C. R. (Jug and carboy extra)<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
All sizes Net List<br />
Soft Steel Callahan's Non-Corrosive, per<br />
Corrugated—<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings— No. 18 to 20, per lb 7.80- 9.80 gal $1-75<br />
Round or Square—<br />
Standard list..Prices on application No. 22 to 24, per lb 785- 9.85 SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
Galvanized steel 30% LEAD—<br />
No. 26, per lb 7.90- 9.90 Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 50c<br />
Toncan or ingot 15% American Pig, per lb. ..lie to 11J.C No. 27, per lb 7.95- 9.95 In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
Copper 10% Bar, per lie 12c to 13c No. 28, per lb 8.00-10.00 per lb.<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe- METAL LATH—<br />
No. 29, per lb 8.05-10.05 In lots of less than 100 lbs., ad<br />
Galvanized 20% Under 100 sq. yd. per sq. yd. 40c No. 30, per lb 8.25-10.25 vance 4c per lb.<br />
Spiral Riveted—<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.—<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 wide, STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR—<br />
Galvanized On application Leads—<br />
10c higher<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
(See also elbows and shoes; Lead, American White, in Oil, Wellsville Polished—<br />
Copper $2.80 $3.75 $5.75 $9.00 dz.<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers, kegs less than 500 lbs., 15J.C 20 gauge H-lOc Galv 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 dz.<br />
Conductor.)<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. tin 22 and 24 gauge 11.20c TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
,21-21J4c pails; add to keg price 54 c 26 gauge 1130c Straits, pigs per lb 52c<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.)<br />
Lead, Red, in Oil, less than 500 28 gauge 11.50c Straits, in bars, per lb—57c to 62c<br />
COPPER—<br />
Casting<br />
lbs., 15c<br />
Galvanized—<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
COPPER<br />
Lake ingot<br />
SHEETS<br />
Dry Colors-<br />
Cents per lb. Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
Hot<br />
Electrolytic<br />
Rolled, 24-oz. base price,<br />
20-21c<br />
per Red Venetian, American,<br />
Nos. 12 and 14 9.10-11.10 N. B.—The price of 14 x 20<br />
lb., 29}_c mill.<br />
19}4-20c<br />
Per 100 lbs., 2J_ to 5c No. 16 9.25-11.25 "AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 lb. lots <strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
Nos. 18 and 20 9.40-11.40 IC, 14 x 20 $16.50<br />
and over.<br />
Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00 Nos. 22 and 24 9.25-11.55 IX, 14 x 20 18.75<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per lb. Red, per ton 35.0. 40.00 No. 26 9.70-11.70 IXX, 14 x 20 20.5Q<br />
advance.<br />
Oils-<br />
No. 27 9.85-11.85 IXXX, 14 x 20 22.25<br />
Colled Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier Linseed City Raw ....$1.46 to $1.51 No 28 10.00-12.00 IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
per lb. advance over hot rolled. Linseed, Boiled, advance, per No. 30 10.50-13.00 "A" Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
Polished— 48 in.<br />
gal 2c No. 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide, IC, 14 x 20 $14.25<br />
long 48 in. Out of Town American Seed<br />
20c higher IX, 14 x 20 16.25<br />
and to at $1.46 to $1.51 Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized— IXX, 14 x 20 18.00<br />
less 96.in. Spirits Turpentine-<br />
2J_ in. corrugations, 30 per 100 lbs. IXXX, 14 x 20 19.75<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft. In Machine Bbl $1.61 over flat sheets.<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 21.50<br />
10 in. wide and under 6c 7c PUTTY—<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Painted- Coke Plates, Bright-<br />
10 in. to 36 in. wide... 5c 6c Pure tubs, 120 lbs., per lb 4.50c Prices quoted on application. Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
Over 36 in. wide 8c 9c In 1-lb to 5-lb. tins, 6.00 to 7.35c 2J_-in. Corrugation<br />
80-lb $11.80<br />
Planished, lj_c per sq. ft. more REGISTERS—<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
90-lb 1L90<br />
than Polished.<br />
Cast Iron 10% No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
100-lb 12.00<br />
Bottom, Pitts and Flats, 24 oz. Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for No. 26, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IC 12.25<br />
base and heavier, per lb 38c White Japan or Electro plate and No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IX 13.25<br />
Tinning— 96. in.<br />
Small Faces and Borders 20% SLATE ROOFING—<br />
IXX 14.25<br />
long<br />
Wall Frames 20% F. O. B. cars, Quarry Station. IXXX 15.25<br />
and Over Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and<br />
Per Square IXXXX 16.25<br />
less 96.in. larger 40%<br />
According Terne Platesq.<br />
ft. sq. ft. Base Board Registers 20% Pennsylvania— to size Small lots, 8-lb. Coating:<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c 6c Base Board Intakes 20% Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00 100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c 7c White Enameled Goods 5% No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9.00 IC. 14 x 20 9.50<br />
Over 48 in. wide 7c 8c Solid Brass or Bronze Goods, ex Pen Argyl 7 75 to 8.25 IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
cept Grilles Net Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50 IC, !4 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot, 25% Grilles in Black and White Japan No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75 squared:<br />
Galvanized steel 40% or Electroplate in Cast Iron Plain Vermont—<br />
12-lb. Coating $11.50<br />
Copper 10% Lattice, Design. Smaller than No. 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50 15-lb. Coating 11.75<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS—<br />
14 x 14 in.,<br />
Unfading Green 6.50 to 13.50 20-lb. Coating 12.25<br />
Lap or Slip Joint, 10% above list.<br />
Prices on application Red 22.00 30-lb. Coating 13.50<br />
CHARCOAL STOVE PIPE ROOFING MATERIAL<br />
Maine—<br />
35-lb. Coating 14.25<br />
1-Ply Tarred Paper, per ton,<br />
ELBOWS-<br />
Brownsville, Unfading Black,<br />
M. F. Grade 13.50<br />
Walter's and Cooper's $102.00 No. 1 <strong>Metal</strong> Shingles $14.00 40-lb Coating 15.00<br />
NO. 1 No. 2 No. 3<br />
per roll, 108 sq. ft. Slaters felt, 30-lb roll 2.00 WASTE COTTON—<br />
4 in $4.00 $3 90$ 2.75 2-Ply Tarred Paper $1.60<br />
40-lb. roll 2.25 Per lb. in 5-lb. bags 22c<br />
45. in 4.10 3.95 2.85 3-Ply Tarred Paper 2.00 SOLDER—<br />
ZINC SHEETS— The<br />
Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
'.'• to 5_ guaranteed 38c Western Slabs 10-llc<br />
Prices on application No. 1 .35c Sheets Shingles<br />
No. 9 base casks . ...14..C<br />
Roofing Pitch, per ton $30.00 Refined 30c<br />
Open per lb 15c<br />
That Last<br />
The<br />
Shingles<br />
That Last<br />
The Mo.st Complete Line of Designs The Best Material, Workmanship and Finish<br />
Made in Painted Tin or Genuine Re-dipped
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
The Magazine foT<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
.LORAL PARK, N. Y., SEPTEMBER 3, 19^0.<br />
Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
VOLUME 94, Xo. 10<br />
THE PATH THAT LEADS<br />
TO MONEY IN THE BANK<br />
N E W service to the industries served by METAL WORKER, PLUMBER<br />
AXD STEAM FITTER begins in telling tliose engaged in them the facts<br />
about getting people to buy what they need so that whether there is<br />
building activity or not there will be prosperity in the lines in which<br />
readers are engaged. This service has been announced so that all read<br />
ers could be prepared to profit thereform. It will be presented weekly for some<br />
time.<br />
This service may be readily utilized by all those connected with the industries<br />
in any capacity and will qualify men to so present a proposition a.s to insure its ac<br />
ceptance or prove the foundation for future business.<br />
As strong a.s i.s the Yankee trait to barter, the exactions of modern business<br />
have dulled its edge and there i.s a general feeling of the need to encourage the de<br />
velopment of a true salesmanship among the tradesmen who come in direct con<br />
tact with the final buyer, man or woman.<br />
The matter is so simple that the outcome i.s certain, but it has been deemed<br />
advisable to adopt the "continued dropping which wears away the stone' plan so<br />
that the final impression will be deep enough to be effective wherever it reaches.<br />
The first of these articles is presented on the next page and the reader is urged<br />
to devote attention to them so that he may participate in the benefit that will<br />
come to all industries served by METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
when concerted action gets under way.
302 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTE It SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
In Your Home Town<br />
Most Trade Is Done by the Go-getter<br />
Prosperity Is Enjoyed by the Man Who Industriously Tells<br />
Folks Their Needs and How Easy It Is to Satisfy Them<br />
This is the first article of the series<br />
whose purpose it is to help the tradesman<br />
over the ruts on the road to success. He<br />
should make it a point to keep reading up<br />
on selling, merchandising, display, cost<br />
keeping, estimating, overhead, as our serial<br />
on these vital matters appears and be<br />
a winner. Trade leaders know tliat such<br />
information is indispensable to success<br />
and want more of it printed. They say,<br />
"Do not stop; keep telling about it."<br />
Have You Made People Feel" That<br />
You Are Necessary Or — Negligible ?<br />
IN SEVERAL, PARTS—PART I<br />
G O into some nearby town and ask who is the<br />
leading man in any line and what particular<br />
method he follows to attain success. You cannot<br />
spend a day or two to better advantage than in<br />
hunting up these fellows whom the banks favor and<br />
the people give their orders to. Do not try to get this<br />
information at home; you will not learn as much and<br />
you will not have that respect for what you learn<br />
which will compel you to adopt a method and carry it<br />
out all the way to the end.<br />
You will be better qualified to make the trip and to<br />
do the investigating if a few hints are given for consideration.<br />
If you know the successful men in your<br />
own line, so much the better. Have a talk with them;<br />
they will be glad to tell you some things they carry<br />
out, no matter how much energy is required.<br />
The individual effort and alertness to find out what<br />
people need and will buy or the untiring energy to<br />
provide these things require a man to get among those<br />
who live around him to learn and know.<br />
USE ENERGY WHERE IT PAYS<br />
Personal acquaintance is an asset. He who knows<br />
everybody and speaks well of them is a reputation that<br />
means money to a business man. You can have it by<br />
continually keeping the desirability in mind and striving<br />
for such a reputation. Let nothing bother you to<br />
show your temper, but meet the most exasperating<br />
experience with a smile and show people you have a<br />
resourcefulness to make everything that starts wrong<br />
come out right.<br />
Now about that visit. Its whole purpose is to make<br />
you realize the necessity of salesmanship, of merchandising,<br />
of getting in the business. See if there is a<br />
method about the shops where you call. Learn if the<br />
owner has a system about the management of himself,<br />
of his men and of his stock. Inquire if he does every<br />
thing himself or has trusted help who relieve<br />
him of minor details so that lie can<br />
give his time to hunting for business.<br />
Seeing people, giving information to<br />
tliose who will soon need service for good,<br />
ind telling a buyer what is required, the<br />
best materials and methods of using them,<br />
and then closing the deal, is work for the<br />
head of the enterprise. He cannot hire<br />
other people to do this kind of work.<br />
See if this man advertises in the local<br />
papers in addition to such personal work as<br />
outlined, which is good advertising and must be done.<br />
Does he use circulars in addition to the newspapers?<br />
Does he have a list of architects, of builders, of property<br />
owners and of people who live in houses? Does<br />
he send to each periodically a calendar, a post-card,<br />
a letter or news item about some fine work he has<br />
done ? Does he make it a point to give one evening a<br />
week to his books to correctly know his overhead expense<br />
and the cost of doing business, how much stock<br />
he has; what it is worth; how much he used last year<br />
and what it cost; how much he will need for contracts<br />
and regular trade and the price he is likely to have to<br />
pay; how prices are changing in order to judge the<br />
trend of the market?<br />
See how he keeps his office. Is it neat and attractive<br />
or dingy and dusty and repulsive? Does he keep<br />
his catalogs clean and convenient for reference when<br />
making an estimate and showing a customer what he<br />
proposes to use on a job? Does he display any goods?<br />
Does he keep the display clean? Does he change it<br />
frequently or with the season? Is he a former workman<br />
or a business man who has informed himself<br />
thoroughly on the line of trade he is doing so he can<br />
make a customer see the necessity of paying the right<br />
price and using the right goods to avoid cheating<br />
himself.<br />
KNOWLEDGE GIVES CONFIDENCE AND POWER<br />
These are a few things, and if a man keeps them in<br />
mind, diligently hunts and finds the correct answers to<br />
them, he will soon be able, no matter who the buyer is<br />
or how shrewd the Customer may be to give in a dignified<br />
way that information which will inspire the respect<br />
of the customer and go a long way toward securing<br />
the order. It is just such preparation as this that the<br />
business man must have in addition to his skill as a<br />
mechanic if he is to get a lion's share of the trade<br />
that is going.
SEPTEMBER 3, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND Si'EAM FITTER 303<br />
Now that 3 T ou have read this far, are there any<br />
questions you want to ask? Send them in and answers<br />
to them will be found from men who have<br />
tried various experiments and know the answers to<br />
almost anything that may be asked.<br />
Do not be discouraged if you have conducted business<br />
along different lines from those suggested by the<br />
questions and ideas presented here. But rather devote<br />
yourself to acquiring the art of meeting the best<br />
people in town with a smile and with dignity so that<br />
vou can impress them with the idea that you know<br />
more about your line of business than anybody else<br />
or as much as the majority and are prepared to give<br />
that information in such a way as to inspire their confidence<br />
and secure their orders. This is as much preparation<br />
for attaining success as learning a trade is to<br />
the apprentice who wants to have a means of making<br />
a living. What you will learn now that you are a successful<br />
practical tradesman and engaged in a business<br />
for success as a business man is of imperative importance.<br />
It should be the occasion for a diligent application<br />
to master the methods of successful men.<br />
Any man who determines on acquiring such qualifications<br />
can do it, although he may not do it in the<br />
first year. But if he is determined, lays his plans and<br />
adheres to them, it will not be many years before there<br />
is an evidence of his success in the amount of business<br />
coming his way. Until this matter has been thoroughly<br />
thought over, reflected upon, considered pro<br />
and con, a man is not qualified to be the go-getter of<br />
his town and walk off with the best contracts and the<br />
best trade.<br />
GETTING ORDERS THE ONE THING INDISPENSABLE<br />
A man may have a shop and materials but if he has<br />
no orders he has no business. So the most important<br />
thing is neither the materials, the shop nor the workmen,<br />
but the orders to do something. Many men<br />
have started business only with a kit of tools and their<br />
capital a shoe string. Their success can be in every<br />
instance traced to their ability to impress customers,<br />
to secure orders and then execute the work, but always<br />
at a profit.<br />
If you are naturally diffident, make a change. Cultivate<br />
the art of meeting people by going to gatherings<br />
where people congregate, whether it be a church meeting,<br />
a fair, a lodge meeting or any other gathering of<br />
people. Make it a point to participate in the work.<br />
Get on a committee to do something. Aid the man<br />
who is on the committee if you are not. You will<br />
soon be looked upon as "one of the gang" and they<br />
will remember you when there are favors to be bestowed.<br />
It will give you an opportunity to tell the<br />
fellow you meet at church when he goes home to go<br />
around the other way and look at what you are doing<br />
for Mr. Jones.<br />
A perfect knowledge of your business and of the<br />
nice work you are doing for someone will enable you<br />
to bring it to the attention of some person who is a<br />
stranger to your customer. ' And you will be in position<br />
to invite him to come and look at the work after<br />
consent has been secured from your customer. You<br />
may be the means of establishing a friendship between<br />
two people when making a striking contrast between<br />
the fine equipment you are installing for the one customer<br />
with the equipment from which the other cus<br />
tomer suffers, and which you have recommended be<br />
abandoned.<br />
Keep busy meeting people and telling them about<br />
things you know they would enjoy if they possessed.<br />
Go get the reputation of being the livest tradesman<br />
in the town.<br />
Oxweld Opens San Francisco Branch<br />
The Oxweld Acetylene Co., the world's largest manufacturers<br />
of oxy-acetylene welding and cutting apparatus,<br />
has established Pacific Coast sales and distributing<br />
headquarters at San Francisco, with offices<br />
at 1077 Mission Street. Additional sales representatives'<br />
offices are maintained at the following points:<br />
Los Angeles, 646 Maple Avenue; Salt Lake City, 908<br />
Hearns Building; Portland, 90 First Street; Seattle,<br />
433 Pioneer Building. Leo Romney, with headquarters<br />
at San Francisco, is Pacific sales manager.<br />
The territory embraces the states of Washington,<br />
Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, California, Nevada and<br />
the counties of Lincoln, Sweetwater and Uintah, in<br />
Wyoming. This territory was formerly served from<br />
Chicago and Los Angeles. Removal of headquarters<br />
to San Francisco was made necessary to secure a more<br />
central location for supplying the company's rapidly<br />
growing business in the Pacific states where Oxweld<br />
apparatus is extensively used in the metal industries<br />
and shipyards.<br />
The export department of the company, which was<br />
formerly located at its factory in Newark, N. J., has<br />
been removed to the Carbide and Carbon Building, 30<br />
East Forty-second Street, New York City. The department<br />
has been re<strong>org</strong>anized and is now under the<br />
direction of R. G. Noble, who will co-operate with the<br />
general sales department of the company.<br />
Recipe from an Old Scrap Book
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3<br />
New Ownership and New Plans<br />
for This Journal<br />
Another marker has been reached by this journal. Another stake has been<br />
rounded. Full sail is now being set for the final goal—Success. A few days<br />
ago the ownership of this journal passed to Edwin A. Scott, formerlv its managing<br />
editor, but for the past four years publisher of SHEET METAL, a specialized<br />
monthly trade journal for the sheet metal and warm-air furnace industries.<br />
He has <strong>org</strong>anized the Edwin A. Scott Publishing Co., Inc., to carry on the<br />
work of these two journals under a plan which promises to accomplish much for<br />
the industries which these two journals serve.<br />
The New Organization<br />
The nev/ company has been <strong>org</strong>anized with<br />
the modern idea of co-operation as its founda<br />
tion. Mr. Scott is at the head of the new enter<br />
prise for the simple reason that his experience<br />
of several years as editor and publisher quali<br />
fies him to be the one fitted for the position. He<br />
will, however, have associated with him the<br />
former editors and editorial staff of this jour<br />
nal and the majority of the former business and<br />
office staffs of both journals which are now<br />
owned by the Edwin A. Scott Publishing Co.,<br />
Inc., and in addition thereto, other talent which<br />
will add to the service of the new <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
Details of all plans of operation have thus far<br />
not been completely worked out but it can be<br />
announced at this time that every employee will<br />
share financially in the earnings of the new<br />
conipany.<br />
Two Specialized Journals<br />
The plan is to consolidate and amalgamate<br />
the sheet metal and furnace departments of this<br />
journal with SHEET METAL, the monthly trade<br />
journal heretofore published by Mr. Scott, as a<br />
specialized journal for the warm-air furnace<br />
heating and sheet metal industries, and issue a<br />
new journal to be known as SHEET METAL<br />
WORKER, which, it will be noted, is a happy<br />
combination of part of the names of the two<br />
journals. The plumbing, ventilating, steam<br />
and hot-water heating sections of this journal<br />
are to be published as a separate and specialized<br />
journal for these industries. This paper will be<br />
known as PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER, which<br />
will also be noted, is part of the present name<br />
of this magazine. These journals will be pub<br />
lished on alternate weeks. The first issue of<br />
SHEET METAL WORKER is to be dated October<br />
1; with the first number of PLUMBER AND<br />
STEAM FITTER appearing on October 8, and all<br />
issues thereafter ever other week. This, it is<br />
deemed, will be welcomed by many subscribers.<br />
for it means specisticity. The man who is inter<br />
ested at present only in plumbing, steam and<br />
hot water heating will get his reading in a<br />
specialized bi-weekly trade paper edited espe<br />
cially for such men as himself. Instead of get<br />
ting say 15 pages of articles of interest served<br />
to him every week mixed in with other reading<br />
matter of interest only to men engaged in other<br />
lines of work he will now get 30 pages of read<br />
ing matter of direct interest every other week.<br />
Similarly the man engaged in the sheet metal<br />
field will receive twice as much reading matter<br />
in a specialized paper every other week in place<br />
of getting a paper devoted to half plumbing and<br />
steam fitting and half sheet metal and furnace<br />
every week. Likewise the man interested in both<br />
branches of the building trades will fare equally<br />
as well as at present for in the course of a year<br />
he will receive just as many pages of reading<br />
matter pertaining to both trades as at present,<br />
and in fact, the indications are that he will<br />
profit to a greater extent as the result of being<br />
served by two specialized journals. In short,<br />
the new combination gives assurance that no<br />
subscriber to this journal will lose in the least
SEPTEMBER 3, 19.1) METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 305<br />
but on the contrary is to profit materially by<br />
the amalgamation. The head of the new com<br />
pany has demonstrated by the conduct of his<br />
journal during the past four years that there<br />
are great opportunities for rendering real help<br />
ful service to the trade through the conduct of a<br />
specialized journal.<br />
Plans and Policies<br />
might be stated that just as this announcement<br />
The new company is founded on the idea that<br />
is being written there has been placed on the<br />
the path to real success in trade paper publish<br />
editor's desk what appears to be a most compreing<br />
is founded on service to the reader above all<br />
hensive and promising treatise on estimating<br />
else. The directing heads of the new <strong>org</strong>aniza<br />
both plumbing and sheet metal work. If this<br />
tion are imbued with this idea and it is the<br />
proves as good as it seems on a hurried examina<br />
keystone in all their plans and hopes of the<br />
tion it will in itself be a service not to be<br />
future. It will be the aim not only of the<br />
ashamed of. Naturally then the new publishing<br />
editorial but of every department of the new<br />
company has great hopes and aspirations for the<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization to search out and give publicity to<br />
future. The issues right from the start will<br />
every factor which makes for trade extension<br />
embody some of the new features; others may<br />
and greater success to the individuals in the in<br />
have to wait, as certain obligations contracted<br />
dustries served. The combination of these two<br />
under the former management must be naturally<br />
journals makes commercially possible the main fulfilled before the new owner may go ahead<br />
tenance of a larger <strong>org</strong>anization than with the<br />
with a fresh hand. Criticism, both adverse,<br />
two papers published by individual owners, and when there is occasion for such, and favorable,<br />
the increased power of the new and larger will be welcomed at all times, as will also<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization will be reflected in an increased suggestions for improvement in the service<br />
service to readers. Some of the plans have rendered bv the journals. Readers are invited<br />
already been matured, with others being worked to look upon them as a central bureau of infor<br />
out. As an example of the former, it may be mation—a source of free information to which<br />
announced that it is planned in the new journals they may apply for help on any problem they<br />
to publish market reports from Chicago. Pitts may encounter, be it one of knowing where to<br />
burgh, Boston, Philadelphia and New York, thus procure some articles, or of solving some shop,<br />
giving the readers a comprehensive survey of office or job problem. If the information is not<br />
market conditions with each issue. An additional readily available, this <strong>org</strong>anization will under<br />
service planned is in an industrial sheet metal take to procure it for the one who inquiries.<br />
department which is to be conducted in the sheet This is right along the idea of its policy of<br />
metal journal, through which readers will be service to its readers, and the more frequently<br />
brought in touch with the production methods<br />
devised by the efficiency engineer of the large<br />
factory and the industrial sheet metal field given<br />
a regular service which it has heretofore not<br />
enjoyed. In this way the architectural sheet<br />
metal man may study the scientific methods<br />
which the large producer has worked oul for<br />
economical production of his work and the in<br />
dustrial sheet metal worker keep more closely<br />
in touch with progress in his fields. A third<br />
feature of both of the new papers is an industrial<br />
educational department, the object of which will<br />
be lo foster and promote teaching of the trade<br />
to mechanics. If space permitted, several other<br />
plans might be outlined, but let it suffice at this<br />
future. The issues right from the start will<br />
and helpful features are being prepared, and<br />
it may safely be predicted that other features<br />
will be coming up for consideration continu<br />
ously. In substantiation of this statement, it<br />
it gets the opportunity to serve its readers<br />
through its free information bureau the more<br />
heartily it will be pleased. It may not too<br />
strongly be emphasized that the new <strong>org</strong>aniza<br />
tion is founded on the highest of ideals in the<br />
trade paper publishing field and it aims to make<br />
the inception of these ideals mark a new era<br />
in the fields served by the two journals which<br />
it is to publish. It hopes to succeed as it deserves<br />
in proportion to its ability to live up to those<br />
ideals in its every day work.
30G<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTESI:<br />
Responsibility and Opportunity<br />
of Heads of Industrial Enterprises<br />
Because Something Has Never Been Done Is Often the<br />
Best Reason for Studying It and Then Doing It to<br />
Make Success More Widely Attainable — Because<br />
It Will Draw Upon Energy Is No Reason for<br />
Shirking the Work If It Is Really Worth Doing<br />
BY FRANK K. CHEW<br />
T H E opinion is becoming more confirmed in my<br />
mind that the leaders of all enterprises have a<br />
responsibility to the field in which they work that<br />
has never been discharged, and some ideas in reference<br />
to it are presented hereafter. The men who sit<br />
in the private office and only come in contact with<br />
those who direct the superintendents and men in<br />
charge of different departments are like lookers-on<br />
who see most of the game. This is the reason they<br />
should give from tlieir observations the same stimulus<br />
that the coaches give from their experience and observation<br />
in the development of a winning team in<br />
athletic sports.<br />
As more responsibilities are thrust upon the "old<br />
man," as he is affectionately called behind his back,<br />
he is necessarily withdrawn from contact with his<br />
working corps and with his customers. In his position,<br />
however, information of all sorts is brought to<br />
him. When he meets men in similar positions in his<br />
own or other lines, he discusses with them matters<br />
that, if generally known, would eventually have an<br />
influence upon tlie trade in the field. Often they discuss<br />
bad practices that should be eliminated; they discuss<br />
plans which should be carried out. But from the<br />
very fact that they only discuss them among themselves,<br />
those who are absolutely essential to their realization<br />
never hear of these ideals, aims and purposes,<br />
and the industry with which they are identified fails<br />
to receive the benefit of their wisdom.<br />
THE MESSAGE DOES NOT REACH GARCIA<br />
Sometimes these leaders are invited to speak at dinners<br />
attended by men in the field, but under the constraint<br />
they fail to impart that information which<br />
they might well give without any disadvantage to<br />
any one, and which they privately discuss. And still<br />
the message does not reach Garcia.<br />
In the homely phrase this is "too bad." It is possibly<br />
due to the fact that the wliole idea is a little<br />
different in its viewpoint from that generally accepted.<br />
But from what has already been read and<br />
said, can it not be seen that if the best whicli each<br />
one could give were given, the influence would be<br />
powerful for good in its effect? Then why does not<br />
some expression of these weightier thoughts and important<br />
matters find its way where it would be productive<br />
of good?<br />
This is the responsibility of the heads ot enter<br />
prises—to get before all who are essential to accomplishing<br />
any important and desirable purpose the<br />
whole matter so a united movement for wholly commendable<br />
things may be carried to a successful result.<br />
HOW SHALL THIS BE DONE?<br />
This may well be done; the opportunity is not wanting.<br />
In fact, it has been at the elbow of men who<br />
had the information, but in later years in some industries<br />
has not been recognized or utilized.<br />
In the privacy of his office, undisturbed by outside<br />
influences, a leader might well formulate his ideas and<br />
preserve them in typewritten form. He could send<br />
them to any one of the trade papers in the various<br />
fields for presentation. Such is the opportunity which<br />
has been too much neglected. If the ideas are of such<br />
a nature that the leader would desire the use of his<br />
name in connection with them, in many instances it<br />
would give them force. There are other times when"<br />
he would prefer to do as a leader occasionally is found<br />
doing, though an exception to the general rule, and<br />
that is to use a nom de plume. And soon that nom<br />
de plume would have weight in the field where the<br />
ideas presented were found to be practicable or to<br />
require too great an innovation to secure general adop<br />
tion when first presented. The nom de plume would<br />
prevent the antagonism that might naturally result<br />
from recommendations for which the field was not<br />
ready and which might entail more expense in the<br />
preparation than the industry would feel justified in<br />
bearing.<br />
Then again, there must be times when there would<br />
be no desire for a signature or a nom de plume, but<br />
the information might be presented as if prepared by<br />
the staff of the journal in which it appears. Nevertheless,<br />
it is the journal with its wide circulation in the<br />
industry that affords the opportunity for the leaders<br />
of enterprises to discharge their responsibility to it.<br />
NINE HUNDRED MEN FELT RESPONSIBLE<br />
In some measure it was the recognition of this responsibility<br />
that took 900 men from east of the Mississippi<br />
River to California recently to attend the<br />
National Foreign Trade Council. The purposes they<br />
had in mind could not be accomplished individually<br />
and it was necessary for some united action. The<br />
pursuance of a similar course in allied or separate in-<br />
(Continued on page 310)
SEPTEMBER 3, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 307<br />
Typical English Bathroom Equipment<br />
Modern Conveniences Coming More Widely into Use<br />
Method of Installation Designed for Service<br />
BY JOHN Y. DUNLOP<br />
T H E bathroom is now recognized as an indispensable<br />
supplementary in every house above a certain<br />
standard of moderate importance and in larger<br />
houses several are required throughout England. Even<br />
in small suites of residential rooms, such as are called<br />
flats, and in ordinary bedroom suites of family residences,<br />
a separate bathroom is now provided.<br />
The bathroom in England is generally a small compartment<br />
containing a reclining bath and a washstand<br />
with a water-closet accessible. In the case of the<br />
small villa and cottage houses the bath, washstand and<br />
water-closet are all in the one apartment. Both of<br />
those arrangements are shown in the illustration together<br />
with the different methods of dealing with the<br />
sanitary apparatus.<br />
The English water-closet with its sanitarv apparatus<br />
is an institute of world-wide repute and the reason<br />
for it is that English architects are verv careful<br />
to see that closet apartments and bathroom apartments<br />
are sufficiently lighted and certainly adequately<br />
ventilated. They are not placed anywhere that may<br />
happen to offer itself, but invariably against an outside<br />
wall and especially is the risk of flooding some<br />
important ceiling avoided.<br />
In small houses there is not much chance of a choice<br />
of floors but where it is possible all the water-closets,<br />
bathrooms, housemaid sinks and wash and water place<br />
of every kind are set one above the other so that in<br />
case of accident they shall not damage any otlier part<br />
of the liouse. This arrangement enables "the plumber<br />
to install a sanitary outfit without disturbing the house<br />
at large.<br />
Regarding the position of these apartments the<br />
English feeling of delicacy dictates privacy throughout.<br />
Therefore the principal passages of the house<br />
are avoided as much as possible and in every case<br />
there is a window on an outside wall. Skylights are<br />
considered objectionable and borrowed lights are not<br />
to be thought of.<br />
One of the principal fittings of the bathroom or an<br />
accessory to it is the water-closet and the principal<br />
type in this country i.s the wash-down with a flushing<br />
cistern immediately above. In these water-closets the<br />
flushing rim to the bowl, the flushing cistern and the<br />
flushing pipe play a most important part and the<br />
method of fixing is a matter for careful consideration.<br />
The plumber too often has taken it for granted<br />
that certain makes of closet bowls are perfect in every<br />
riTTinqs. Dsqusn bATMRpon ••*-"CAJ_LOF. UEAO<br />
LIMED COLD WATTA CisTERTf<br />
OF IJATHROOr.<br />
w. c PLANS AND ELEVATIONS SHOWING TYPICAL FITTINGS IN AN ENGLISH BATHROOM
308 METAL WORKER, PLUMB BER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
particular and all that is necessary is to connect basin the when the branch connection is over 3 ft. long.<br />
supply pipe to the cistern, fix the flushing pipe and Baths are made of porcelain flreclav and enamelled<br />
connect the fixture to the soil pipe. That, of course, iron. The type of bath most commonly used is made<br />
is not exactly so in countries where the flushing cis of iron with the interior coated with vitreous enamel<br />
tern i.s above the closet as the height of the flushing and is generally known as Roman pattern. These two<br />
cistern can only be determined by due consideration baths shown in the illustration have the waste of a<br />
to the mechanism of the cistern, the shape of the bowl standard pattern which also acts as an overflow. A<br />
and the diameter of the flushing pipe. If the cistern trap is fixed immediately behind and the bath plug is<br />
is too low the bowl and trap will not be sufficiently raised by a lever or knob which can readily be re<br />
scoured and flushed. If it is too high, the water will moved for cleaning. The bath is also provided with<br />
splash on the floor, wetting the seat and making the a shower which is of a skeleton form, the supply to the<br />
apparatus uncomfortable for those who are to use it. shower ring being led up the wall to the required<br />
As a general rule it may be said that no 2-gal. cis height.<br />
tern is too strong to clean out a wash-down closet The waste connection in most of the baths is made<br />
bowl. But as the bowls of this class of closets vary sufficiently large to discharge from 30 to .0 gal. in<br />
considerably in shape and size as well as in the quan about 1% min. For this purpose a 2-in. pipe is<br />
tity of water allowed to stand in the bowl, some judg generally used which must give a free and unobment<br />
is required on the part of the plumber in structed water way.<br />
fitting up.<br />
The question of waste discharge from a bath leads<br />
BRASS AND IRON FLUSH PIPES<br />
naturally to the question of utilization of bath wastes<br />
for the flushing of drains. While the discharge of<br />
Some manufacturers in England at the present from 30 to 40 gal. of water is undoubtedly of much<br />
time are supplying their water-closet bowls and cis value in scouring out the drains, its value will necesterns<br />
with flushing pipes of brass and iron made of the sarily be increased or diminished as the size and ar<br />
exact diameter and length to give the best flush. That, rangement of the pipes are carefully or carelessly<br />
of course, has certain advantages over the old system considered. For this reason the question of free<br />
of lead flushing pipes which were so common in Eng water way in outlet gratings and waste pipes of sufland<br />
at one time when every plumber tried his own ficient and regular size are well worth careful con<br />
hand at designing those important connections of the sideration.<br />
water-closet bowls.<br />
In the waste pipe a different arrangement is shown<br />
The diameter and construction of the flush pipe according to the position of the fitting. Both, how<br />
is a verv important bit of work for the plumber beever, have their vent pipe.<br />
cause some siphon cisterns will not work satisfac In the bathroom which has the separate watertorily<br />
with a 1%-in. pipe while others work better closet the waste from the bath is taken straight to<br />
with a iy2-in. than a l^-in. pipe.<br />
the waste pipe on the outside of the wall, while the<br />
As a general rule the English plumber arranges waste from the basin is taken into the side of the bath<br />
his work so that the size of pipe which he uses will waste. The water pipe to the basin is carried across<br />
be fully charged with water when the cistern is in into the corner of the bathroom and from there rises<br />
action. When the water supplying the cistern will upward through the roof.<br />
only rise a short distance in the bowl, the diameter In the combined apartment a sketch of the waste<br />
of the flush pipe must be enlarged accordingly. In pipe on the outside of the wall is shown with the con<br />
such cases 2 and 3 in. in diameter may be necessary, nection for the bath and the continuation of the waste<br />
but in every case as much water as possible should be to the basin trap where it rises to the ceiling and is<br />
obtained as it is the momentum of the falling water taken across and connected to the waste again<br />
which is required to clean the bowl and the trap<br />
rather than the actual volume of water poured into<br />
higlier up.<br />
them.<br />
At one time in England pipes % and 1 in. in<br />
diameter were generally used, but the most common<br />
size of flushing pipe to-day is IV2 in.<br />
The height of the cistern above the bowl will greatly<br />
modify the size of the flush pipe. When the height<br />
is under 5 ft. the pipe cannot be less than ll/2 in. in<br />
diameter; from 5 to 8 ft., l^-in. pipe may be used and<br />
above 8 ft. 1-in. pipe will give good results.<br />
The flushing pipes should be made with easy bends<br />
and should never dip below the flushing arm of the<br />
closet so as to hold water or form a trap.<br />
The connection from the closet bowl is taken directly<br />
into the soil stack, which receives no other<br />
kind of waste and is linked up to the drain untrapped.<br />
In this way all soil pipes in this country are drain<br />
ventilators. Where the closet is set against the external<br />
wall, as shown in both plans, there is no antisiphon<br />
pipe required, as most the sanitary by-laws in<br />
England demand that only a ventilation pipe shall<br />
be taken off a water-closet or a bath or a wash hand-<br />
HOT AND COLD WATER SUPPLY<br />
These baths are each fitted with cold and hot-water<br />
supply. Usually the hot and cold and the return pipe.<br />
for the hot water system are taken up the same pipe<br />
way. This recess is shown in the wall and the arrangement<br />
is given of how the hot supply is continued<br />
forward to supply the towel rail and the return<br />
pipe to the flow returning to the boiler.<br />
The hot water for the bathroom and other fittings<br />
in the English home is usually supplied through the<br />
kitchen coal fired heater and from this copper boiler<br />
which is shown in the illustration the hot water is<br />
stored in a 60-gal. cylinder which is usually set about<br />
the ceiling level of the floor which contains the water<br />
heating apparatus.<br />
A small automatic cistern in the roof supplies the<br />
cold water for the system, so that as soon as the hot<br />
water is being drawn off the cold water is finding<br />
its way in at the bottom of the cylinder. Of course<br />
(Continued on page 314)
SEPTEMBER 3, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 309<br />
Where Boilers Can Best Be Used<br />
and Should<br />
Because of Positive Circulation They Are Particularly<br />
Adapted For Buildings of the Rambling Type—<br />
They May Be Adapted to Low Cost Structures<br />
RE you aware that many houses<br />
are so planned that for heating<br />
them the cast iron sectional type<br />
of house-heating boiler should be<br />
used and the well-informed men<br />
throughout the country who,<br />
tlirougli necessity, install all<br />
kinds of lieating outfits, not only<br />
know it but recommend the steam<br />
boiler or the hot water lieater<br />
where it is best adapted for the<br />
service required ?<br />
Most buildings may well be<br />
lieated with any of the popular<br />
methods that have demonstrated their efficiency so<br />
that comparison is a waste of time. It is simply a<br />
matter of cost or preference which system is used,<br />
but tliere are other buildings in which the circulation<br />
of steam or hot water has positive advantages. There<br />
are some characteristics peculiar to heating with boilers<br />
that have given them a well-merited prestige.<br />
DEFIES OLD BOREAS<br />
The location of the house, the direction of the wind<br />
and all the vagaries of the weather are set at naught<br />
by the fact that steam or hot water circulate through<br />
the radiator wherever it is located. If the calculations<br />
of the requirements have been made correctly and<br />
with judgment, the radiator will be large enough to<br />
make the room warm whether it is near the boiler or<br />
as far away as it may be necessan' to place it. The<br />
customer may well be -assured of this as a fact on<br />
which he can rely.<br />
Here is where the personality of the lieating contractor<br />
and his conversancy with the methods recommended<br />
will go a long way in inducing his customer<br />
to select what is recommended and place the order.<br />
There are several factors that have a controlling influence<br />
on the service which a heating plant renders.<br />
These largely depend on the contractor, his ability,<br />
his experience and the care which he gives to both<br />
the design and installation of each plant he erects.<br />
He must know how to judge the character of the liouse<br />
to be heated. If it is an old house, he must visit it<br />
so as to be able to consider the material, frame, brick,<br />
cement block, etc., and the looseness of the doors and<br />
windows, the general construction.<br />
POSSESSION OF THE KNOW-HOW<br />
Observation and experience will enable him to tell<br />
whether 10, 15 or 20 per cent more boiler capacity<br />
and radiator surface will be needed in one house than<br />
what would serve in another. If he is estimating from<br />
a set of plans, he must have some idea of the character<br />
of the building, whether it will be good and tight,<br />
or so loose in construction that for diversion the owner<br />
could well fly a kite in his parlor or any other principal<br />
room.<br />
When the heating contractor knows these things,<br />
he can correctly compute the amount of radiation<br />
required and the tax it will put on the boiler, whether<br />
it is for steam or hot water lieating. A loosely constructed<br />
building will allow sufficient air to leak in<br />
and out to make a radiator of a given amount of surface<br />
condense twice as much steam or cool twice as<br />
much water a.s the same size radiator would require<br />
in a tightly constructed house of good construction.<br />
Therefore the vital question of the wliole matter is<br />
in sizing up the house construction correctly and getting<br />
the radiators of the right size for the work to be<br />
done. This is not a matter of guess nor is it a matter<br />
entirely of computation. The elements of personal<br />
skill, judgment and experience are invaluable and the<br />
heating contractor who possesses these should recognize<br />
his duty to the people in his community to make<br />
them aware that he is thoroughly competent to accomplish<br />
the result his customer desires.<br />
PIPE SIZES AND RADIATOR EXPOSURE<br />
There is a great deal of importance in the way the<br />
piping is run and the size used for given work. If<br />
the radiator is placed in a bay window where it will<br />
condense rapidly, it must have a large supply pipe<br />
and provision must be made to return a larger amount<br />
of condensation or cool water than if the radiator is<br />
set under different conditions, where it would be in an<br />
inner room on an inner wall and the condensation or<br />
cooling effect would be very much reduced. So again,<br />
the radiation enters into the determination of the size<br />
of the piping and the manner in which it is run.<br />
Tliere are at the disposal of the heating contractor<br />
various methods of installing hot water heating systems<br />
as is indicated in the serial article that has been<br />
running in METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FIT<br />
TER for some time back. Tliere is an equal variety<br />
of methods of installing a steam lieating plant and the<br />
vapor and vacuum plants also have characteristics<br />
which adapt them for special service with which the<br />
heating contractor must be familiar if he is to recommend<br />
the system best adapted to the needs of his<br />
customer.<br />
Many of the troubles experienced with heating:<br />
plants,"whether steam or hot water, have been due to<br />
air pockets because there was an insufficient rise^ for<br />
the piping and on account of the slight pitch. Without<br />
the aid of a spirit level and care to support the<br />
pipes properly, there is likely to be a dip here and<br />
there which will cause an air pocket and a water<br />
pocket.<br />
In steam jobs, the condensation of the steam in the
310 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
radiators will create a vacuum which will draw the<br />
water from a water pocket with a hammering, noisy<br />
effect that is objectionable. In a hot water job the<br />
air will collect in the pockets and so reduce the amount<br />
of space through whicli water can circulate as to make<br />
it impossible for the radiator to heat properly.<br />
Air is one of the enemies of the heating contractor<br />
and his piping must be so run as to be free from air<br />
and permit it to escape cither through the air valves<br />
of the strain radiator or the piping system of a hot<br />
water plant. Air plays such an important part in the<br />
heating that unless it is thoroughly eliminated from<br />
the radiators, the lieating effect may be reduced to<br />
the extent that it occupies space in the pipes and in the<br />
radiators. Too little attention has been paid to this<br />
fact by many in the heating business and this is an<br />
explanation of the trouble whicli the experts are called<br />
upon to locate and remove.<br />
Air valves are something that should be selected<br />
with the idea of the value of their service rather than<br />
their price. The heating contractor with a reputation<br />
and an ability is not the man who buys the cheapest<br />
air valves on the market but the cheap buyer is very<br />
apt to be the man about whose heating systems there<br />
is a complaint.<br />
It is very clear that when the radiators are of a<br />
sufficient size and the piping between them and the<br />
boiler is correctly lined and of j-roper proportion that<br />
the service rendered by the boiler will be economical<br />
and satisfactory if the right size is selected.<br />
NO TROUBLE TO SELECT THE RIGHT BOILER<br />
There is little difficulty among the competent men<br />
in the selection of the right size boiler for the work<br />
in these days, regardless of the manner in which<br />
boilers are rated. The competent man ean unerringly<br />
select a boiler which is amply qualified for the service<br />
WHERE HEATING BOILERS MAY BE PURCHASED<br />
he expects of it. When the right boiler is selected, it<br />
is essential that some member of the household shall<br />
be thoroughly informed as to the method of operation<br />
and see to it that the boiler is so operated. This is<br />
for the double purpose of saving fuel in these days<br />
when the price of fuel is high and the effect on the<br />
poeketbook is so severe that there is likelihood of careful<br />
attention being given to instructions on the methods<br />
of firing and operating the boiler. No better advertisement<br />
can be had than to circulate at the beginning<br />
of the fall season cards giving directions for the general<br />
management of the fires in house heating plants.<br />
With the radiators of the right size, the piping of<br />
the right size and properly run, the service of a boiler<br />
is sure to be satisfactory because the steam generated<br />
in it must go to the point where condensation draws<br />
more steam to fill the space which the former steam<br />
occupied. In consequence, where the radiator is in the<br />
north end of the building at the end of a long, rambling<br />
construction plan, the radiator will be heated and the<br />
room will be lieated accordingly.<br />
This leaves the owner or the contractor to select<br />
from many different types of boilers now on the market<br />
the one that is peculiarly adapted to the requirements<br />
of the customer and the building. Some boilers<br />
are better adapted for one fuel than another, some<br />
will fire for a longer period and there are other factors<br />
which the competent heating contractor is thoroughly<br />
informed of. This enables him to make a recommendation<br />
to the customer with unerring correctness.<br />
Responsibility and Opportunity of<br />
Heads of Industrial Enterprises<br />
(Continued from Page 306)<br />
dustries that they recognize as too important to leave<br />
neglected is equally important but without a convention<br />
it can be accomplished through the trade press.<br />
The type of the men who attended the Foreign<br />
Trade Council in San Francisco marked them as leaders<br />
in their particular field. That they were willing<br />
to discuss matters of world interest and of interest to<br />
the United States as a country, separated from their<br />
individual commercial interests, is evidence that they<br />
recognized that they had a responsibility to industry.<br />
They utilized the opportunity of meeting together to<br />
thresh out the views, plans, recommendations and purposes<br />
so that they could move in the same direction,<br />
even if a well-defined line of action was not so clearly<br />
marked out that all might follow it. Their responsibility<br />
was recognized even though a great deal of liberty<br />
of action to reach the desired end must be taken.<br />
THEY RECOGNIZED THE OPPORTUNITY AFFORDED BY<br />
THE PRESS<br />
The most cordial welcome was extended to the representatives<br />
of the various technical and other journals<br />
in order that the widest publicity should be given to<br />
the commendable purpose which brought the men together.<br />
In all of the fields to which METAL WORKER,<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER is devoted there are leaders<br />
who might well give careful consideration to the<br />
preparation of a contribution of some nature at least<br />
once a month that could be presented in one journal<br />
or another in accordance with its fitness to the field<br />
and greatly facilitate the achievements of the purposes<br />
which the industry agrees would be most valuable. It<br />
is to encourage just such use of the opportunities<br />
which the trade papers afford that this article has<br />
been prepared.<br />
The utmost confidence may be reposed by the leader<br />
who desires to keep under cover when it is most<br />
practical, that his identity shall not be made public.<br />
Every consideration will be given to those who may be<br />
desirous of utilizing the opportunity to discharge their<br />
responsibility in some measure in their charge.
SEPTEMBER 3, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTEK 311<br />
The Story of The Rolling of Zinc Sheets<br />
An Industry That Few Years Ago Amounted to Little in<br />
United States Is Fast Assuming Great Importance—An<br />
Interesting Account of the Process of Zinc Production<br />
F O R more than a<br />
century the use of<br />
zinc sheets in Europe<br />
has been general.<br />
Besides the use of the<br />
metal for lining refrigerators<br />
and the making<br />
of containers for vegetable<br />
products, zinc<br />
sheets have been in<br />
general use for roofing<br />
and roofing accessories.<br />
Abby Dony, of Liege,<br />
Belgium, seems to have<br />
been the pioneer in installing<br />
zinc sheets for<br />
roofing, he having<br />
placed such a roof on his own rolling mill in that<br />
city some time in the year 1813, and also installed<br />
a similar roof on a part of the cathedral at Ste. Barthelome.<br />
These roofs are reported as being serviceable<br />
to this day.<br />
Following this initial venture in the use of zinc<br />
sheets for roofing, the move to roof with zinc became<br />
general throughout western Europe. The comparative<br />
low cost made it available for public buildings,<br />
BY GEORGE S. HARVEY<br />
cathedrals, churches, theatres, depots, warehouses, factories,<br />
hotels, etc., in fact, for all buildings of a permanent<br />
character which are now either roofed with<br />
zinc or have gutters, conductor pipe, flashings, valleys<br />
or eave troughs of this metal. The cathedral of Ste.<br />
Clotilda of Paris, Canterbury cathedral, the Haymarket<br />
theatre, the government docks of England, the<br />
German imperial palace and the University of Bonn<br />
are some of the larger and finer buildings of Europe<br />
that are roofed with zinc<br />
Prior to the war, nearly one half of the slab zinc<br />
(the phrase "slab zinc" is now substituted for the<br />
word "spelter" heretofore used by the trade) was<br />
used in zinc coating of "galvanizing" steel sheets and<br />
wire. Most of the remainder of the metal produced<br />
was used in compounding brass, while a little over 10<br />
per cent was rolled into zinc sheets by American mills.<br />
ROLLING OF SHEET ZINC<br />
Prior of 1917 there were but two mills in America<br />
rolling wide zinc sheets. At this writing there are<br />
three mills in the United States engaged in rolling<br />
wide sheets and several factories roll ribbon or strip<br />
zinc. But it was the great war that seemingly awakened<br />
America to the uses of zinc sheets. Not alone<br />
did our soldiers abroad get practical lessons in the<br />
use of zinc for roofing, but they, as well as the patriots<br />
at home, learned that all the precious explosives<br />
sent to the firing line were first placed in zinc con-<br />
Zinc sheets are only just coming into their own in<br />
American fields of usefulness. While they have<br />
been used for roofing purposes in Europe for more<br />
than a century, similar usefulness in America has<br />
only recently begun. While the field promises to<br />
absorb large quantities of sheets, they are at present<br />
very largely employed in various kinds of con<br />
tainers from tea boxes to dry batteries and in pipes<br />
and metal linings. How these sheets are rolled<br />
from slabs and finished for the market is told in<br />
an entertaining manner in this story.<br />
tainers in order to resist<br />
atmospheric influences<br />
in their journey overseas<br />
and to the front.<br />
These two things, i. e.,<br />
that zinc is one of the<br />
best weather resisters<br />
known, and that it will<br />
protect i t s contents<br />
against atmospheric influences,<br />
really tell the<br />
story of zinc's usefulness.<br />
It so happened<br />
that both facts were<br />
brought out very forci-<br />
' ' bly in this important<br />
and exciting period of<br />
our nation's history. It is the general feeling among<br />
the producers of zinc that the world will profit by<br />
the lessons taught during the war and that zinc,<br />
especially zinc sheets, will have a more general and<br />
diversified use.<br />
The zinc used for rolling sheets must be nearly pure<br />
and of virgin metal. The first and second drafts<br />
that come from the smelteries are best for this pur<br />
pose. The presence of iron and cadmium in the metal<br />
is detrimental to securing a good production of sheets.<br />
The pig metal, or zinc slab, is first thrown into a<br />
refining furnace where the mass is subjected to a definite<br />
heat above the melting point that will assure an<br />
even, constant temperature. From this furnace the<br />
molten metal is dipped into molds of the size and<br />
thickness desired. These molds are fixed on a turntable<br />
that revolves slowly, so that, when the revolution<br />
is completed, the slab or ingot is ready to be handled<br />
with tongs. The slabs are then placed in an annealing<br />
furnace where the length of time they remain depends<br />
on the ductility wanted in the sheets to be<br />
fabricated. The heat at which the metal is worked is<br />
also a factor in obtaining the correct ductility in the<br />
product.<br />
The slab of zinc, now heated to about 400 deg. Fahr.,<br />
and in form 12 x 24 in., varying in thickness from 1 to<br />
2 in., according to the size of the sheet to be rolled,<br />
is ready for the roughing mill. Here by successive<br />
passes the slab is reduced to a long sheet that must<br />
be reduced to a specific length for re-rolling in the<br />
finishing mill. This long sheet is sheared into suitable<br />
lengths, which length, paradoxically speaking, is<br />
the width of the future sheet, for be it remembered<br />
that in the process of roughing, the metal is pulled as<br />
the warp would be in the cloth, while in the finishing<br />
process the pull is with the web of the cloth, and the<br />
finished sheet is toughened thereby and the filaments<br />
of the metal are cross-woven in the final product.
31. METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
Before going to the finishing mill it will be necessary<br />
to know something of the gages of the sheets to be<br />
produced.<br />
The gage of a metal is an arbitrary standard of<br />
thickness. Zinc differs from steel in that the thin<br />
sheets have the lowest or smallest numbers. A sheet<br />
of steel 0.006 in. thick is called 30 gage; in zinc it<br />
is known as a 3 gage; steel 0.028 in thickness is 23<br />
gage; zinc is 12 gage. In the American zinc gages<br />
0.002 in the thickness of one gage up to No. 10, thereafter<br />
the standard is arbitrary; 1-10 in. being 23 gage,<br />
1/4 in. being 25 gage. The European zinc gages are<br />
similar to the American in that they use small numbers<br />
for the thin gages, but they differ in the exact thickness<br />
for each gage. Reference to Table 1 will make<br />
these gages clear.<br />
The thickness of the original slab indicates the dimensions<br />
of the sheet to be made. Therefore the<br />
rough mill strip will make a certain number of sheets<br />
suitable for finishing. These sheets are made into a<br />
pack and given to the finishing mill operators, who<br />
heat them to a certain degree. A "pack" is the number<br />
of sheets rolled at one time. If the product is to<br />
be thin sheets, there will be many in the pack; if of<br />
thick sheets, there will be few. The pack is first sent<br />
through the finishing mills in single sheets and then<br />
the pack is assembled and sent through the mill in as<br />
many passes as will reduce it to the required gage.<br />
The pack is then sent to the shears and cut to the<br />
dimensions intended.<br />
SHIPPED IN DRUMS OR CASKS<br />
The thinner sheets of zinc are shipped in drums or<br />
casks that weigh around 600 lb. The heavier gages<br />
are packed flat in boxes. Lithograph and etching<br />
sheets are rolled hard and the surface is carefully inspected<br />
for defects before they are cut and packed.<br />
Battery sheets, washboard blanks, weather strips are<br />
often cut to dimensions in the factory and packed flat<br />
for the consumer.<br />
The element of waste is almost nil in a zinc sheet<br />
mill. Except for some undesirable dross that is<br />
skimmed off at the refining furnace, the output of a<br />
mill should be the same as the incoming tons of metal.<br />
Zinc sheets have many and varied uses. The thin<br />
sheets are used to line tea boxes and other containers<br />
of vegetable product. Lithographers also use many<br />
tons of these sheets in the transposition of printing<br />
from stone. Thicker sheets are required by the refrigerator<br />
makers, roofers and makers of weather strips,<br />
while the sheets for etching must be fully 1-25 in. thick<br />
for the practice of that art.<br />
Sheet zinc is also used in making containers for<br />
cosmetics, tobacco or any substance that deteriorates<br />
under contact with atmosphere. The wearing surface<br />
of the washboard is zinc. Because zinc is one of the<br />
best-known heat resistants it is used extensively for<br />
stove boards and back boards around furnace and stove<br />
pipe.<br />
The shell that contains a dry battery is a zinc sheet.<br />
The negative pole of every galvanic battery in the<br />
world is zinc. The pulsing wires of commerce, cable,<br />
telegraph and telephone throb with the world's importance<br />
because of the zinc at the end of the circuit.<br />
Zinc stabilizes brass and gives sharpness and shape<br />
to the bronze that contains it. Its thin film preserves<br />
steel and iron sheets and wire, which alone makes them<br />
serviceable for weather wear. Zinc is used to preserve<br />
wood, either as a paint or as a solution into wliich the<br />
piece is dipped. Zinc may be spun, stamped and drawn<br />
and because it is indestructible, it may be recovered<br />
again and again for refabrication into new shapes.<br />
Besides zinc sheets, zinc mills also roll zinc plates,<br />
the thickest material turned out from the mill. Plates<br />
vary in thickness from Vi to 1 in. in thickness and are<br />
used principally to purify the water in steam boilers.<br />
In this practice zinc again demonstrates its utility.<br />
As a sheathing on the outside of the vessel, it repels<br />
the action of the water and preserves the metal or<br />
wood of which the vessel is constructed. But within<br />
the boilers and when the temperature is raised beyond<br />
the boiling point, the zinc plate seeks out the impurities,<br />
forms gases that are auxiliary to the steam and<br />
precipitates the impurities in a new form. The steel<br />
of the boiler is thereby saved from corrosion.<br />
COMPARISON OF ZINC GAGES<br />
Lbs. per Thickness<br />
Th ickness<br />
No s quare foot in inches No. in inches<br />
3<br />
.225 .006 1<br />
.004<br />
2<br />
.006<br />
3<br />
.007<br />
.300 .008 4<br />
'.<br />
.008<br />
5<br />
.375 .010-1-100 5<br />
.010<br />
6<br />
.450 .012 6<br />
.011<br />
7<br />
.525 .014 7<br />
.013<br />
8<br />
.600 .016 8<br />
.015<br />
9<br />
.675 .018 9<br />
.018<br />
10<br />
.750 .020-1-50 10<br />
.020<br />
11<br />
.900 .024 11<br />
.023<br />
12<br />
1.050 .028 12<br />
.026<br />
13<br />
1.200 .032 13<br />
.029<br />
14<br />
1.350 .036 14<br />
.032<br />
15<br />
1.500 .040-1-25 15<br />
.038<br />
16<br />
1.678 .045 16<br />
.043<br />
17<br />
1.875 .050 17<br />
.048<br />
IS<br />
2.062 .055 18<br />
.053<br />
19<br />
2.252 .060-1-17 19<br />
.058<br />
20<br />
2.625 .170 20<br />
.063<br />
21<br />
3.000 .080 21<br />
.070<br />
22<br />
3.375 .090 22<br />
.077<br />
23<br />
3.753 .100-1-10 23<br />
.084<br />
24<br />
4.700 .125-1-8 24<br />
.091<br />
25<br />
9.400 .250-1-4 25<br />
.098<br />
26<br />
14.000 .375-3-8 26<br />
.105<br />
27<br />
18.750 .500<br />
28<br />
37.500 1.000<br />
In our p resent attained development, zinc is one of<br />
in's most useful metals. It has been called the handmaiden<br />
of chemistry, the man-servant of mechanics,<br />
and the everlasting servant of humanity. Unlike other<br />
metals, it resists all actions but erosion and its adherents<br />
aver that because of its indestructibility it will<br />
contribute more than all else in saving the world from<br />
a metalless age.<br />
What Could Ee Nicer?<br />
Chicago comes in the same class with other large<br />
cities as regards housing shortage.<br />
In discussing the situation, Edward Zipf, who is<br />
president of the village board of Wilmette, a north<br />
shore suburb, speaking ex-officio, presented the following<br />
partial solution, says the Chicago Tribune:<br />
"We now have a vacancy in Wilmette—our village<br />
jail. It has been unoccupied since the big wind of<br />
1919. We are willing to receive a good tenant. It is<br />
a three-room suite, good location, center of town—<br />
convenient to both electric and steam service.<br />
"The exterior is of reinforced concrete, interior steel<br />
lattice work; running hot and cold water, steam, electric<br />
lights, janitor service. The entire edifice is burglar<br />
proof. In the summer Wilmette enjoys boating,<br />
bathing and unexcelled sunsets.<br />
"The police business has been on the bum ever since<br />
prohibition began to take effect."
SEPTEMBEE 3, 19.0 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 313<br />
Estimating Versus Shop Equipment<br />
Some Suggestions on an Important Subiect Subject Which<br />
Shovild Not Be Overlooked by Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Man<br />
T H E estimating force is in one respect the foundation<br />
upon which success or failure in business<br />
rests. As a matter of fact, the great majority of<br />
sheet metal contractors have for their principal capital<br />
only experience and energy, and more or less scientific<br />
knowledge (ability), coming down to hard tacks as<br />
regards to this topic.<br />
It is the little details that make or mar the effectiveness<br />
of any business structure or <strong>org</strong>anization just<br />
as it is the little things in every-day life that make<br />
of life success or failure. And it is for this reason<br />
the aim here to deal with little matters as they confront<br />
the owner of the small shop in connection with<br />
this important subject.<br />
Analyzing the situation, every indication shows that<br />
there is no factor in the management of a business,<br />
no matter how large or how small the output, how<br />
great or how little the investment, worthy of more<br />
consideration than the science of estimating and its<br />
good and evil consequences.<br />
It is true that the literature on this subject is very<br />
meager and it is also true that the records on business<br />
failures are almost complete. But this does not say<br />
that the latter is due to the first. It seems that what<br />
is needed is not so much a study course in estimating.<br />
but encouragement through association in the dissemination<br />
of knowledge upon taking precautionary steps<br />
and measures to safeguard against contingencies as<br />
they are bound to arise.<br />
Prices are made almost by a guess in many instances,<br />
or, as sometimes is the case, to meet the price<br />
the customer says was made to him by the other con<br />
tractor. What is the result? The sheet metal man<br />
finds himself with a depreciated plant, the best years<br />
of his life spent and no means of renewing either.<br />
He is simply the victim of a vicious system of estimating<br />
or rather lack of svstem.<br />
Often the head of a firm has to depend on someone<br />
in charge of this duty. Whether they confess it or<br />
not, the main object of some estimators is to smuggle,<br />
so to say, as many contracts as possible in for selfish<br />
reasons and leave the other fellow to worry his head<br />
off about the rest. A condition of this kind is deplorable<br />
and past rectifying.<br />
MISTAKES MUST BE GUARDED AGAINST<br />
Errors in estimating have always been made, but<br />
the consequences were not as serious then as they are<br />
to-day. If a mistake in taking off quantities and<br />
figuring costs ever played havoc with a business, and<br />
the small business especially, it certainly does now.<br />
A miscalculation in time as regards labor meant $5<br />
per day then, but now it is $10 per day. Galvanized<br />
iron and other materials have not only doubled but<br />
trebled, and so on along the line.<br />
But mistakes are not always at the bottom of a<br />
low figure. Conditions are changing rapidly. Until<br />
comparatively recent times long-established firms have<br />
often held their place of supremacy because of the<br />
fact that they were established and had a good reputation<br />
to back them up. Thus they could obtain contracts<br />
at better prices than their less experienced<br />
rivals. .<br />
It can be said that with the introduction ot new
'11 METAL WORKER, PLU M<br />
ER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER. 3, 1920<br />
power machinery the turning point was reached. ing, New depreciation, nor may they come within the scope<br />
processes in manufacture render it continually neces of the subject, but are certainly worth a word in<br />
sary to be on the watch, to discover improved methods. passing. It is hardly necessary to sound a word of<br />
It is of great importance not only to know about vari warning because every business man knows the drawous<br />
machines but to know their possibilities.<br />
back the present freight upheaval has on all lines<br />
Not so very many years ago a lower figure meant of trade, knows the far-reaching effect of a strike,<br />
and was spoken of as doing business without profit. whether in one trade or another, knows that an act of<br />
To-day it may be evident that work could be done at Congress may reduce the output of his equipment,<br />
a lower yet more profitable figure due to the up-to- thinking of the many store cornices whicli kept a good<br />
date shop equipment. Estimates can be made with a many shops busy up to a few years ago.<br />
certainty of profit—a thing of no small importance. There are other disturbing factors appearing on<br />
This may sound theoretical. The above pictures the horizon already which are liable to upset busi<br />
will help to illustrate this point, however. The plates ness probabilities. Attention might be called to the<br />
as shown were 19x25 in. in size, made of No. 18 rent proposition if you have a leased shop or building.<br />
galvanized iron, with 7-in. holes cut out. This was Signs such as this: "Driven out of business because<br />
accomplished, as was observed in various shops, in rent has been raised from $150 to $500 per month"<br />
different ways, as will be seen in the three different were not uncommon. If such is the case now, what<br />
views. The first one illustrates the most primitive will it be in three years from now? Indications are<br />
method, for such it should be considered in the present anything but favorable. However, contingencies of<br />
day. The time required to chisel out the holes on an this class do not make an argument for a high rate<br />
iron plate is 10 min. each j_late. No matter how good of depreciation and reserve a sane one and one that<br />
the mechanic may be, the job will be a rough one as should receive more consideration.<br />
to finish and it is necessary to add at least 5 min. for Make it a habit to look your plant over and ask<br />
filing, bringing the total time up to .5 min.<br />
yourself whether you could not have had a greater<br />
A better way is the use of a throat shear, as is profit on one or the other job if you had added one<br />
shown in the second picture. The time, including the<br />
little filing that this process needs, is only 30 min. So<br />
it will be seen that the work cannot only be done<br />
machine or a tool to your shop equipment.<br />
quicker but better.<br />
Another method is to cut out the holes by means<br />
of an expansion cutter on the drill press shown in<br />
the third illustration. On account of the time required<br />
for setting up the work, it takes 25 min. to finish one<br />
plate but the greater advantage is that the product<br />
is perfect. This, indeed, would be the only method if<br />
a machine finish was required.<br />
Summing up the advantages it will immediately be<br />
evident that the more complex and expensive the<br />
equipment the less the experience required, hence the<br />
smaller the risk of securing competent help, especially<br />
when such is scarce; the smaller the risk of<br />
non-acceptance, and last but not least, the more complete<br />
and reliable the data for future reference.<br />
An order for 100 inserts means a saving of about<br />
25 hr. when comparing the first two, or 33 1-3 per<br />
cent. Of course it is true that the depreciation increases<br />
correspondingly, but it must be admitted that<br />
the amount to be written off for depreciation on<br />
sheet metal machinery is very small.<br />
Typical English Bathroom Equipment<br />
(Continued from page 308)<br />
many of those hot water systems are now heated with<br />
gas, so that in place of the range boiler being over a<br />
coal fire it is set with a gas fire under it. Practically<br />
all of the other arrangements are the same.<br />
In houses where there is no circulation of hot<br />
water from the kitchen and when gas is available<br />
many have an apparatus for the heating of bath water<br />
in the bathroom.<br />
Many of those geysers are now made so that the<br />
products of combustion from the gas can be carried<br />
off very easily and when the cold water passes through<br />
into the geyser it admits a full supply of gas to the<br />
burner. If from any cause the supply of water fails<br />
or is cut off, the supply of gas is instantly checked<br />
or shut off entirely. This type of apparatus as used<br />
in many cases in England is lieated by a set of burners<br />
with ordinary luminous flames.<br />
In nearly every bathroom is found the ordinary<br />
lavatory basin which is generally made of porcelain.<br />
DEPRECIATION AND RESERVE FUND<br />
The simplest and the most satisfactory form in use is<br />
that made with a good broad piece at the back and<br />
What is of greater importance here is that figures with a soap recess on each side. The outlets of these<br />
must not only include an amount for depreciation in<br />
basins are made to close with plug and chain or with<br />
order to provide for replacement, but for addition to<br />
waste valves. Tliose with the rubber plug are the<br />
the equipment in order to make the latter up-to-date.<br />
most common in use, as the valve arrangement is only<br />
We may call this a depreciation and reserve fund used for high-class work, although it is by far the<br />
which must be set aside from a portion of the profit. neatest in point of appearance.<br />
Not only is your competitor justified in figuring lower,<br />
Very few bathroom fittings are to be found with<br />
but his figure includes a fair profit which, in return,<br />
wooden enclosures or fitting and in the most of cases<br />
will take care of replacement and addition, simply<br />
the pipes and valves are exposed to view. From a<br />
because he has been far-sighted enough to get an up- strictly sanitary point of view, the independent unto-date<br />
shop equipment before you did.<br />
cased fitting, with every part open to view, is pref<br />
The above reserve fund must take the place of an erable and with the health of the resident so greatly<br />
insurance against contingencies which are liable to depending on good sanitation, every sanitary fitting<br />
confront the small business man any time and the should be the best of its kind. Also the drainage<br />
allowance to be added to the prices must be a liberal system with wliich it is linked up should be as perfect<br />
one. These contingencies need not be, strictly speak- as possible.
SEPTEMBEH 3, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 31<br />
Truth About Lasting Power of Furnac<br />
It Is Several Times Seven Years—Records of Performance<br />
and Longevity Every Furnaceman Can Use—An Erroneous<br />
Statement Challenged and Refuted—In Twenty Years'<br />
Experience But One Furnace Junked and That After<br />
TABLE EXEMPLIFYING THE LASTING POWER OF<br />
FURNACES<br />
Furnace<br />
Be- Years in<br />
Set. Beset Beset paired Use<br />
Kelsey ..1898 1910 1919 None 21<br />
Round Oak Chief 1910 None 11<br />
Kelsey _ _1903 1905 1919 18<br />
Palace Queen 1905 1914 None 16<br />
Kelsey 190. 1919 _ 1919 16<br />
Gorton 1898 1915 None 23<br />
Wood<br />
7)147<br />
1878 1919 42<br />
Average of service not yet ended 51 years<br />
Thirty-seven Years of Service<br />
BY CADY H. PIERCE<br />
IT is impossible for me to say just when I first<br />
heard the statement, "The average life of a warmair<br />
furnace is 7 years." It would make no difference<br />
to the reader if I were able to name the exact<br />
time. I do know it was well back in the past. Having<br />
been engaged in heating and kindred lines for 20<br />
years, I feel safe in saying it was all of 19 years ago<br />
when I first heard it and I have been hearing it ever<br />
since. Old experienced lieating men have said it and<br />
high school boys, making their first trip with a grip<br />
full of catalogs and price lists, who did not know a<br />
base burner from a double oven range, have also<br />
passed this information on to me.<br />
At first I took it for a fact and believed it as firmly<br />
as that the earth was round or that Columbus discovered<br />
America in 1492. However, as the years<br />
have come and gone I have changed my opinion as to<br />
the truth of this statement. I may be in error and it<br />
may be true that "the average life of a warm-air<br />
furnace is 7 years." Nevertheless, I am sure of the<br />
facts which my own experience has taught.<br />
SERVED FIVE TIMES 7 YEARS BEFORE BEING "jUNKED"<br />
As mentioned in the foregoing, in 20 years of practice<br />
in one territory around Rodman, N. Y., I have<br />
"junked" one warm-air furnace, and only one. This<br />
was done in the fall of last year and the furnace had<br />
been in use for 37 years and had had but one thorough<br />
overhauling and that about 12 years ago, or after<br />
a quarter of a century of good work.<br />
I do not wish to create the impression that I am<br />
"married" to the warm-air furnace method of heating.<br />
I do recommend it wherever it appears to be the most<br />
practical. I have installed both hot water and steam<br />
lieaters in many homes and always with entire satisfaction<br />
to the customer.<br />
It seems to me tbat any statement which appears<br />
to be in error should be challenged by some one, and<br />
I have taken it upon myself to do so in this instance.<br />
To present my case I must cite a few instances<br />
which prove to me that the average warm-air furnace<br />
is a good investment for the purchaser. In the year<br />
1898 a Kelsey warm-air generator was installed in a<br />
farm house by a concern from out-of-town, I believe,<br />
this being two years before I entered the trade. In<br />
1910, the owner, wishing to heat more of his home<br />
and the old Kelsey being too small for the work, purchased<br />
from me a Round Oak Chief furnace for himself<br />
and had the Kelsey placed in a smaller liouse<br />
which he owned. In passing, I might remark that<br />
the Chief furnace has never had a repair of any kind<br />
since its installation and apparently is good for many,<br />
many years to come.<br />
The discarded Kelsey was found to be in perfect<br />
condition and did excellent service until last season.<br />
An ice jamb in the nearby stream last spring caused<br />
WOOD FURNACE REPAIRED AFTER 42 YEARS AND<br />
STILL GOING<br />
the cellar in which it was placed to fill with water<br />
and the old Kelsey was submerged for several days.<br />
After the flood subsided the owner decided to take<br />
the furnace down and, if it had done its work, as he<br />
seemed to think it had, to discard it and install a<br />
new one. At this late date, however, after twenty-
316 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
one seasons of firing, every casting was found to be When it was dismantled the steel sheet whicli sur<br />
without a break or flaw. It was reset and the tenant, rounds the upright flues was found to be in bad shape.<br />
who has lived in rented city houses all his life, says This part was obtained new from the manufacturer.<br />
he has a perfectly heated home. And this is the ver All of the castings were perfect. On Jan. 10, 1920,<br />
dict after the so-called "average life" has been multhe<br />
new owner wrote me that he had no regrets and<br />
tiplied by three.<br />
was more than satisfied with his purchase. This fur<br />
SEVENTEEN YEARS AND STILL ON THE JOB<br />
nace is now doing its sixteenth season's work.<br />
Instance No. 2 refers also to a Kelsey. In the fall<br />
of 1905, a customer of mine learned where he could<br />
purchase a second-hand Kelsey and he took the writer<br />
to examine it and decide whether it would be a good<br />
deal. The job had been in use only two seasons but<br />
had proved too small for the work. My customer<br />
obtained the furnace and a good-sized load of pipe<br />
and register boxes for $40. This second-hand furnace<br />
furnished ample heat and gave entire satisfaction<br />
for 14 seasons.<br />
Last fall, because of slight gas leaks which developed<br />
the winter before, it was given a thorough overhauling.<br />
Upon examination tliree of the cast flues<br />
were found to have small cracks in one corner of their<br />
upper ends, otherwise the castings were in perfect<br />
shape. These cracks were welded and the 17-year-old<br />
heater is still on the job, 24 hr. a day for the eighteenth<br />
heating season. The location of the cracks in the<br />
JOB TWENTY-TWO YEARS YOUNG<br />
As No. 5, I will simply mention an old Gorton furnace.<br />
It was installed originally in a large Adirondack<br />
hotel. The owner used it for 5 years. Then he<br />
built a hotel annex, took the furnace out and replaced<br />
it with a steam plant, selling the furnace to his<br />
brother. I installed the old furnace in the brother's<br />
home 17 years ago.<br />
In the summer of 1915 the owner decided to move<br />
the furnace in his cellar. The furnace had never<br />
leaked gas or smoke so we pried up the ashpit section,<br />
inserted iron pipe rollers and moved the entire furnace.<br />
To-day it is heating his home perfectly. The<br />
job is 22 years young.<br />
STARTED FORTY-TWO YEARS AGO AND STILL GOING<br />
The last case is that of an "old-timer," indeed.<br />
Last fall I was called out of my territory to examine<br />
an old wood furnace and see what I could do to<br />
get a little more service out of an outfit that had<br />
been in use 41 years, a job that my father installed<br />
3 years before I was born.<br />
It proved to be a wood burner, brick set, with a<br />
fire box about 20 x 48 in. The grates were in fair<br />
shape and could be repaired at small expense. The<br />
furnace looked something like the sketch presented.<br />
The long exposure to heat had expanded the upper<br />
section to such an extent that the flanges on the two<br />
rear flues of the lower section were broken, one<br />
only slightly and the other shy a piece as large as a<br />
man's hand. Returning to the shop, two squeezers<br />
of 18-gage iron were made as shown in the illustration.<br />
Upon return to the job the broken pieces<br />
LEFT CRACKED CASTING MADE AS GOOD AS NEW BY<br />
WELDING. RIGHT SHEET METAL SQUEEZER USED<br />
IN REPAIRING OLD WOOD FURNACE<br />
were placed in position and held with fine wire. The<br />
squeezers were then placed around the cup joints and<br />
filled with furnace cement while still in a loose position.<br />
They were then drawn as tightly as possible<br />
with stove bolts. All other joints and cup joints were<br />
thoroughly cemented and the old 41-year-old wood<br />
burner, made by the "Lord No Zoo" (to quote Dickens)<br />
is to-day delivering the goods and doing it right.<br />
Otlier instances could be mentioned but enough has<br />
been presented and I will let the case rest. There<br />
flues, as shown in one of the sketches herewith, were may be some "neck of the woods" where warm-air fur<br />
easily welded whole.<br />
naces are sent to the scrap heap 7 years after installa<br />
The third instance is that of a 29-in. fire pot Paltion. It is not here, liowever, where the temperature<br />
ace Queen furnace, made by the International Heater dropped to 33 deg. below zero last winter.<br />
Co. In thc year 1905 I installed this furnace in the<br />
Congregational Church here in my home village. After<br />
9 years of use it was moved about 30 ft., this being THE AMERICAN PROTECTIVE TARIFF LEAGUE has<br />
necessary because of changes in the basement. It just issued its campaign button which reads as fol<br />
has been 6 years in its new location and is still giving lows: "Harding and Coolidge, SMILE, 1920," and<br />
satisfactory service.<br />
on the back of the button are the words "Protection<br />
REQUIRED NEW DRUM AFTER FIFTEEN YEARS<br />
Prosperity." The "SMILE" is in red ink across the<br />
button and a.s large as space will allow. Two buttons<br />
It happens that the fourth case has a Kelsey for sent to any address by letter mail for 6 cents, address<br />
the subject. This time the customer made the pur W. F. Wakeman, Secretary, 339 Broadway, New<br />
chase on his own judgment. This lieater had been York, who also has some literature in the press that<br />
used for about 15 years in a store in a nearby village. can be procured from him.
SEPTEMBER 3, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
You Can Sell Many Stoves<br />
People Still Need Them<br />
Face the Conditions with Active Courage and You<br />
SEARCH among the<br />
stove and repair<br />
houses for information<br />
that would enable the<br />
service bureau to answer<br />
these questions secured<br />
the frequent reference to<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMB<br />
ER AND STEAM FITTER as<br />
the most reliable source<br />
for information available.<br />
This brought the various<br />
questions that are presented<br />
more conspicuously<br />
for consideration.<br />
The changed conditions<br />
in the stove industry are<br />
very marked. At one time<br />
the sheet metal worker<br />
made a great variety of<br />
kitchen furniture for use<br />
in connection with the<br />
kitchen stove and made<br />
Will Win—Present Prices Promise to Hold and May<br />
Stiffen—No Stock to be Sacrificed at Cut Prices<br />
the smoke pipe for hitching up the parlor and bedroom<br />
stoves. This made the tinshop man a great distributor<br />
of the product of stove manufacturers. It<br />
was practically all marketed with his assistance. He<br />
still is a large factor camouflaged as a hardware dealer<br />
on which both the young and old housekeeper must call<br />
for much of the kitchen furnishing outfit. He is a most<br />
potent factor in his expert knowledge that insures a<br />
stove staying sold and baking a beautiful brown or<br />
lieating properly for every customer. He distributes<br />
more stoves than he is given credit for, distributes<br />
them more cheaply for the manufacturer and gets the<br />
service from them for his customer that builds a<br />
popular reputation and an increased sale.<br />
Those who manufacture and sell stoves, liowever,<br />
seem to agree that less than 50 per cent of the product<br />
of the different stove foundries is marketed through<br />
his hands. Now, the catalog liouse, the furniture<br />
trade, the department store and the installment liouse<br />
sell the buyer any stove such customers will take,<br />
but with none of the old-time interest in its final<br />
operation and expert knowledge of what would best<br />
serve in the home of the buyer.<br />
As the allegiance of the stove manufacturers became<br />
weakened with the old-time distributor through<br />
the distribution of the output through these newer<br />
factors, its allegiance to METAL WORKER, PLUMBER<br />
AND STEAM FITTER suffered in like proportion. And<br />
yet considerable attention and work for the welfare<br />
of the stove trade is still given as a labor of love with<br />
317<br />
scant compensation toward<br />
the service. Much<br />
of the practical information<br />
that must be possessed<br />
to make stoves<br />
work under all conditions<br />
now in the possession of<br />
those who handle stoves<br />
was gleaned from the experience<br />
in the field and<br />
again made available as<br />
the result of this labor on<br />
our part. But like last<br />
year's bird nests, it is<br />
empty of reward.<br />
It is one of the vicissitudes<br />
of trade that the<br />
qualifications of the average<br />
stove manufacturer<br />
run more naturally to mechanical<br />
than to mercantile<br />
enterprise and yet he<br />
has realized the futility of<br />
working against the tide. The old-time stove distributor<br />
also pays more attention to the mechanical<br />
branches of his trade. The people of the younger<br />
generation did not know him and asked for a stove<br />
where they bought their furniture when they started<br />
in housekeeping. It was but lhe natural development<br />
of living conditions, greatly hastened by the general<br />
congregating of large numbers of people in centers.<br />
One of the service bureaus has been asked the<br />
following questions by a man interested in the<br />
stove field:<br />
Has the stove industry a trade paper which it<br />
fo.ters and in which it gives what is going on in<br />
its field?<br />
Where can I get information on the conditions<br />
that are now governing it and those which will<br />
influence the future?<br />
Where can coal, wood, oil and gas stoves be<br />
best sold ?<br />
Has stove making become a localized industry<br />
and in what direction are influences now draw<br />
ing it?<br />
A general review of present and past condi<br />
tions and the probable trend will be considered<br />
a favor.<br />
INFLUENCES AT WORK<br />
Information as to conditions prevailing and probable<br />
are at the present time largely gathered from<br />
assuming that influences working in other lines of<br />
business as probably working in a similar way in<br />
kindred lines. The influences now at work are:<br />
First, the agreement between the manufacturers and<br />
molders, which for years has averted strikes in the<br />
industry and consequently saved a great amount ot<br />
money for all identified with the production of stoves<br />
The last agreement made in December has led to an<br />
increase in the labor cost of stoves between 20 and 25<br />
per cent and nearer 25 per cent than 20 per cent,<br />
according to most careful and successful students in<br />
the field. Wages of molders were advanced something<br />
over 10 per cent last December by agreement.<br />
Then manufacturers agreed also to hire labor to do<br />
certain work that had previously been done by the<br />
molders and included in the labor cost. This is what<br />
makes the advance in labor cost at least 25 per cent.<br />
Then the statistics available in many different b»-
318 METAL WORKER, PLUM<br />
In the past, almost every spring season opened with<br />
a reasonably well assorted line in the warehouses of<br />
the manufacturers and some left-over stuff in the<br />
hands of the dealers throughout the country. The<br />
conditions this year found light stocks everywhere<br />
and almost no stock in many instances. The result<br />
has been that as fast as stoves have been produced,<br />
they have been shipped to the buyers who were eager<br />
to take care of tlieir needs before the transportation<br />
facilities became discouraging in their delivery. Also<br />
they were, in order to secure the stock before a further<br />
advance was announced and so as to be able to<br />
make the sales that were necessary to have the fall<br />
business of stove dealers throughout the country on<br />
the right side of the ledger as the result of the profits<br />
attending the sales.<br />
Tliere are very few foundry houses which can show<br />
any considerable amount of stock accumulated in the<br />
warehouses. With no stock in the warehouses there<br />
is no occasion for those who have furnished the money<br />
for the pay roll and the pig iron to suggest that it<br />
would be well to realize, on stock at the inopportune<br />
season and force a cut rate in order to bring about<br />
some sales. Such an unfortunate condition is apparently<br />
not likely to be found during the coming fall.<br />
Tliere is no question but what stove foundries have<br />
sprung up all through the country and that many<br />
Eastern foundries which in the past shipped across the<br />
continent have now gone half-way and opened up<br />
other foundries to take care of the trade that was<br />
distant from the original plant.<br />
There was a time when every steamer sailing from<br />
New York carried more or less stoves that were made<br />
in the foundries of Pennsylvania, up the Hudson<br />
River and even in New England, to ports all along<br />
the coast. New York is no longer the important stove<br />
distributing center that it once was and the same<br />
holds good of Philadelphia, Albany and other Eastern<br />
centers, many of which have turned their foundries<br />
to other lines of product.<br />
LOCALITY OF STOVE INDUSTRY<br />
To a certain extent this has made the stove industry<br />
one of locality and the foundry which has but a<br />
short distance to ship has a very positive advantage<br />
over the foundry 500 or 1,000 miles away, which in<br />
former times filled the houses of the people where the<br />
IER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
reaus and publications are, that about a year new ago foundries pig are now serving the purpose. It is<br />
iron could be purchased for $30 per ton, where to-day easier to take the raw material to the center where<br />
the price is $46 and strong, or over 50 per cent ad the goods are needed and to manufacture any line of<br />
vance, and foundrv coke is now $18 to 20 instead of stoves whether for lieating or for cooking, and for any<br />
$4 to $6.<br />
fuel, in the territory, than to go to the expense of<br />
Taking these factors of cost alone, the reasons for paying the freight rates and incurring the other costs<br />
an advanced selling price are very apparent without and disadvantages that attend long shipments of man<br />
taking into consideration many of the fittings, furufactured product.<br />
nishings and finishes that also have increased in price These are the influences that have had a great deal<br />
so as to further increase the cost. Apparently, there to do with the establishment of stove foundries all<br />
is nothing in the production cost of stoves that has through the South and on the other side of the Missis<br />
receded. It has been impossible to secure the desired sippi River, even to the Pacific Coast. Where the<br />
number of stove molders in almost any foundry cast iron coal stove filled the car with considerable<br />
throughout the country. As a result, the product of weight, the modern gas and gasoline stoves are squally<br />
the plant is less than in former times and this output bulky but afford little weight. Naturally, though<br />
has to bear the complete overhead expense. Conse less likely to breakage, they carry a higher rate in<br />
quently, it is another factor for increased cost. It order to reimburse the carrier for the service that is<br />
also holds with equal force against any recession in rendered.<br />
price.<br />
There will still be a large demand for stoves in the<br />
SPRING STOCKS VERY LIGHT<br />
country districts and in the West and Southwest, where<br />
fuels are obtainable at less cost than those which have<br />
to be transported from a distance. In the suburban<br />
districts and particularly on the farm there will still<br />
be a considerable demand for stoves. But the probabilities<br />
are that as time goes on this demand will decrease<br />
except so far as cooking stoves are concerned,<br />
the centralized heating plant making the whole liouse<br />
warm whether with a furnace or a steam or hot water<br />
outfit. This has made inroads on the heating stove<br />
trade that can never be stopped or replaced. As the<br />
result, many foundries have engaged in the production<br />
of the central heaters. In the cities where gas<br />
can be purchased at a reasonable figure, the gas stoves<br />
are certain to be sold and the coal stove business cut<br />
accordingly.<br />
NO COAL COOKING APPARATUS<br />
Now there are plenty of buildings in which there is<br />
no coal cooking apparatus provided. The cooking is<br />
either done with gas or electricity and the main heating<br />
plant supplies the medium for the radiator in the<br />
kitchen. There is only one fire to attend in the house<br />
and sometimes the heat is taken from the street main,<br />
so there is no fire in the house, unless there be a gas<br />
log or an open fireplace for auxiliary or esthetic purposes.<br />
Tliese conditions are recognized by the most<br />
advanced manufacturers and those who are most alert<br />
to read the conditions of the future.<br />
So far as price is concerned, there is a very firm<br />
opinion that no changes in prices that show reductions<br />
will come this year. There is nothing in the iron<br />
market or the labor market that at the present time<br />
indicates anything that will be safe to base much<br />
change in price upon for the next year.<br />
However, before the winter is past and the buying<br />
season opens for another year, many changes are likely<br />
to be noted. But there is much confidence that the recessions<br />
which have been shown in leather and cloth<br />
goods cannot be expected in anything that is made to<br />
serve in the capacity of a heating or cooking apparatus.<br />
The conditions outlined discourage any such<br />
an idea. Pig iron for the first half of next year<br />
is being bought by manufacturers in some fields at<br />
present prices and the outlook for lower cost fuel is<br />
not encouraging. Labor cost is fixed till December,<br />
1921. Stove foundry products bought and received<br />
now can doubtless be sold at a profit.
SEPTEMBER 3, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 319<br />
This is the Place to submit your perplexing<br />
problems --- the Place to<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
Dust Collector Capacity Insufficient<br />
From Founder, Quincy, III.—We are experiencing<br />
trouble with our dust collecting outfits that we have<br />
installed at our foundry for carrying away the dust<br />
made in cleaning castings and other manufacturing<br />
operations. We desire suggestions on making changes<br />
VARIOUS TYPES OF DUST COLLECTORS<br />
Upper left—Tumbling room dust collector<br />
Upper right—Polishing room dust collector<br />
Lower left—Changed proportions for tumbling room<br />
Lower right—Changed proportons for polishing room<br />
collector.<br />
SERVKTWGIJATIS<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
refuse from two No. 7 Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e fans, one, the<br />
upper connection running from the polishing room at<br />
a speed of 1,450 r. p. m., the lowering opening from<br />
the cleaning and grinding room in which the fan is<br />
run at a speed of 1.360 r. p. m. It will be seen from<br />
these drawings that one has a 16-in. pipe while the<br />
other has two 14-in. pipes. These collectors do not<br />
seem to hold the dust, a large percentage of it coming<br />
out at the top and we shall be glad to have some assistance<br />
to enable us to make the necessary changes.<br />
Note—Through the courtesy of Koithan & Pryor,<br />
New York representatives of the Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co.,<br />
the following is presented:<br />
In connection with the collector shown at the upper<br />
left of the illustrations, the fan should handle 6,000<br />
cu. ft. at the total pressure of 4 oz. This makes the<br />
inlet velocity through the 16-in. pipe 4,300 ft. per<br />
minute. The lower left-hand cut shows the size of<br />
the collector with the proper dimensions for the different<br />
parts which is recommended for the work to<br />
be done, from which it will be seen that it does not<br />
vary materially from that shown in the original outfit,<br />
but yet gives it somewhat more capacity. It<br />
seems that probably the trouble with the dusting of<br />
this outfit is due to the fact that the baffle or disc<br />
which hangs below the central tube is out of adjustment.<br />
This central tube usually extends 2 in. below<br />
the lowest point of the entrance of the dust on the<br />
side of the collector. The 16-in. pipe is transformed<br />
to a 28 x 11-in. pipe. This is approximately correct<br />
but it seems that the tube should hang down not lower<br />
than 30 in., but this then makes it extend too far<br />
down into the cone. If the transformation piece on<br />
the side of this drum is changed to 24 x 10% in - anct<br />
the tube dropped down to 26 in., there will be clearance<br />
to adjust the baffle below the tube without having<br />
to drop it into the cone too far. The raising and<br />
lowering of this baffle plate is what produces the balance<br />
in the collector. If the collector is made on the<br />
dimensions given the outlet velocity will be 1,070 ft.<br />
per minute, a very great slowing down from the inlet<br />
velocity, which will enable the dust to separate and<br />
settle "and the air can pass off clear so that the<br />
trouble reported will be overcome.<br />
The same general conditions apply to the other<br />
to carry the air out of the building and to let the dust<br />
outfit and the trouble can be corrected by raising the<br />
drop to the collection bins where it should go.<br />
cylindrical portion of the collector in each case from<br />
In the accompanying sketch the collector shown at<br />
6 to 10 in. If the general dimensions given in the<br />
the upper left is installed on the outside of the build<br />
sketch at the right are followed, the troubles will<br />
ing and is used for drawing the dust from the tumbling<br />
be corrected. Then after the collector is in operation<br />
room after it has been through a Knickerbocker Tari<br />
bv raising and lowering the baffle so that the dust comffed<br />
collector type. There is a No. 8 Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e<br />
ing out the top is reduced to a minimum or cannot be<br />
fan between the Knickerbocker type and collector.<br />
seen and* with no perceptible pressure in the delivery<br />
This fan runs at 1,505 r. p. m. At the upper right<br />
a collector is shown which is installed to collect the<br />
pipe, it will be operating at its best efficiency.
320 METAL W ORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
The Editorial Page<br />
Responsibility and Opportunity<br />
B E F O R E preparing the article presented elsewhere<br />
bring out the best in all lines, whether heating, sheet<br />
in this issue to show how all trades might bene<br />
metal or plumbing work, rather than to espouse any<br />
fit from a new service by the heads of industries,<br />
one type or method that its readers may practice. A<br />
some correspondence and much conversation bearing<br />
man well versed in the requirements of a heating out<br />
on the subject were carried on. In no instance was<br />
fit may well recommend and install all types and many<br />
there a denial of the existence of the need brought out,<br />
of our readers are doing it. They have learned much<br />
but rather a serious contemplation of the matter has<br />
about how to do it successfully from the continual<br />
been inspired. In the industries to whicli this publica<br />
presentation of articles giving the basic principles that<br />
tion is devoted there has been less use made of the<br />
have been prepared at our solicitation by competent<br />
channels open for the guidance to avoid the shoals and<br />
men. In spite of the success that many make of spe<br />
for direction on the right course than in many newer<br />
cializing on one line, there is great need for the versa<br />
fields. It is encouraging to note that in other fields<br />
tility that uses the right thing in the right place.<br />
the leaders feel it incumbent upon themselves to par<br />
ticipate in the formulation of ideas and practices by<br />
wliich everyone can benefit. They realize that in the<br />
frequent presentation of worth-while recommendations<br />
an effective movement finds its origin. They feel that<br />
only from those whose perspective of the field is com<br />
prehensive can they see, know and make observations<br />
impossible to those whose close attention to one detail<br />
or interest disqualifies them for the service. From<br />
this point of view they do not deviate because it adds<br />
but a light burden to their load. They take up the<br />
service to give their industry the necessary impetus in<br />
whatever manner for good their influence may be ex<br />
erted. It is to encourage a similar interest and effort<br />
for the welfare of the fields served by this journal<br />
that attention is drawn to the article mentioned which<br />
appears on another page.<br />
Heating With Boilers<br />
T H E thoroughly competent heating contractor in<br />
many places installs all kinds of lieating equip<br />
ment and recommends with ppsitiveness the kind<br />
of heater that, in his opinion, is best adapted to the<br />
needs. He has no favorite but knows his customer,<br />
his customer's building and what he can use with best<br />
satisfaction. Some business men lose money by fail<br />
ure to realize the true facts and recommend the same<br />
heating outfit for all conditions with the result that<br />
.something is left to be desired by the customer. Others<br />
make a specialty of one type of heating outfit and use<br />
it everywhere or pass over some contracts where they<br />
know another method than the one they use will give<br />
better satisfaction.<br />
It is well for some special line enthusiasts to read<br />
the article on another page about heating with boilers<br />
to realize that they have a permanent place as a<br />
practical method of heating and in their installation<br />
all the results that a customer may desire can be<br />
attained.<br />
It has ever been the purpose of this journal to<br />
Conflicting Influences<br />
B U Y E R S will become more keen to get lower prices<br />
from the retailers as the result of the shrinkage<br />
in prices in textiles, automobiles and some ar<br />
ticles of food. The trend in tliese articles is supposed<br />
to be in the downward direction. This is likely to<br />
make trouble for those who have to sell lieating, plumb<br />
ing and sheet metal goods which, owing to cost, may<br />
show further advances and the present prices hold<br />
for some time. Under these conditions the man who<br />
has the right information at his tongue's end can sat<br />
isfy buyers that the prices he is quoting are just and<br />
fair. He only needs to point to the price of pig iron a<br />
year ago and now, the price of coke a year ago and<br />
now, to the wages paid and to the skill of the worker.<br />
The two former show such an advance and all such<br />
a positive effect on the cost that the selling price<br />
cannot recede. When these facts are made clear,<br />
though the buyer may be disappointed, he will not<br />
feel that an injustice has been done him.<br />
Facts About Furnace Service<br />
ELSEWHERE in this issue is a record exemplify<br />
ing just such as could be given by many another<br />
furnaceman. It is the kind of information which<br />
many buyers would welcome and should stir furnace<br />
men to get out their records to aid such persons in<br />
deciding on the heating system for their homes. A<br />
photograph of an old-timer and of the liouse in wliich<br />
it is serving, with a letter giving the facts would be<br />
quite convincing as an aid to sales. It would enable<br />
a hesitant buyer to investigate for himself and be<br />
convinced. The man who keeps this article for refer<br />
ence and use in a tactful manner will find such facts<br />
effective in a canvass for business.
SEPTEMBER 3, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
News of the Trade Associations<br />
Massachusetts <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Annual Outing<br />
Large Attendance Enjoy Picnic at Pemberton<br />
Where Short Meeting is Also Held<br />
Boats, automobiles and the electric trains conveyed<br />
the members of the Massachusetts Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Association, their ladies and the allied trades to Pemberton,<br />
Mass., down Boston harbor, on Wednesday,<br />
August 25, on their annual outing. The party arrived<br />
in time for a dinner at Pemberton Inn, where<br />
250 plates were laid.<br />
President G. Wilbur Thompson acted as master of<br />
ceremonies and welcomed the members and guests.<br />
He announced that the day's program would be wholl}'<br />
informal, that there would be no speeches and that<br />
everybody was urged to join in the attractions of the<br />
place and enjoy the day to the fullest degree.<br />
Acting upon his suggestion, many members availed<br />
themselves of the bathing at the enclosed salt water<br />
pool of the Inn, where Ex-President E. W. Cox, of<br />
the Boston association, led the activities with fancy<br />
diving and swimming stunts.<br />
The baseball game proved the main attraction<br />
after dinner and the plumbers kept up their record<br />
of former outings by defeating the jobbers in a fast<br />
6-inning game 15 to 9—at least that was the score<br />
which the plumbers claimed, but Umpire "Archie''<br />
Campbell refused to commit himself and verify the<br />
tally.<br />
The plumbers' line-up was: Lowe, c; Tucker, p;<br />
Morris, lb; Neily, 2b; President E. W. Donoghue,<br />
Boston association, at 3b; Farrell, ss; Skinner, If;<br />
Harris, cf; Jansen, rf. They are alleged by the jobbers<br />
to have supplemented some of these stars with<br />
outsiders, but they deny using any "ringers.''<br />
The defeated team, composed of the jobbers, contained<br />
A'Hearn, c; Connelly, p; Captain Morris, lb;<br />
Fells, 2b; Cardinal, 3b; Verry, ss; Judge, If; Aubinger,<br />
rf; McAuliffe, cf; Dix, cf; Brett, 3b; McDonald,<br />
If. Captain Morris scored the only "Babe Ruth" of<br />
the game, making the circuit the first time he came to<br />
bat by knocking the ball well out into the ocean. Activtivities<br />
had to be delayed for a time until a new ball<br />
was procured.<br />
There were various other events and many of the<br />
members later enjoyed supper at the Palm Garden<br />
and enjoyed the amusements of that nearby resort.<br />
President Thompson called a business session during<br />
the afternoon on the Pemberton Inn veranda.<br />
After some debate, at wliich a motion to increase the<br />
states dues $4 was lost, the meeting voted to increase<br />
the dues $3, which is the additional assessment made<br />
by the National association as a result of its vote to<br />
raise the National dues from $2 to $5. This makes<br />
the total dues paid by members to the state association<br />
$11 per annum.<br />
Owing to the fact that the next National convention<br />
date mav be advanced from June to an earlier date,<br />
the matter of the date of the next state annual meetir.g<br />
was left with the Board of Directors and the meeting<br />
will be called earlier than May if it is found that the<br />
National meeting is held prior to June.<br />
Memphis <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Annual Picnic<br />
Supply Houses and City Departments Represented<br />
at Outing at Edgewood Park<br />
The Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Protective Association of<br />
Memphis, Tenn., held its annual outing at Edgewood<br />
Park recently. Members of the trade, their wives and<br />
children, officers of the city of Memphis, Charles<br />
Shannon, Commissioner of Finance, Judge Frank<br />
Guthrie, representatives of the large supply houses,<br />
Crane & Co. and N. O. Nelson & Co., representatives<br />
from the Board of Sanitation and Health, were present<br />
and contributed to the intellectual program.<br />
Dancing, games, barbecue and a fine dinner were<br />
other laudatory features.<br />
The committee from this very active association included<br />
the following well-known Memphis tradesmen:<br />
Fred Hauser, chairman; Louis Peoples, Bernie E.<br />
Klenke, John Gilbert, William H. McMillan, Gus Limberg,<br />
Pat Kallaher, Oscar Hodges and Louis Barasso.<br />
Manhattan <strong>Plumber</strong>s To Use Motor Busses<br />
Former Plans to Have Special Train Take Guests<br />
to Outing at Whitestone Landing, L. I.,<br />
Thursday, September 9, Changed<br />
The Outing Committee of the Association of Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s, Manhattan Branch, has changed its plans<br />
regarding the transportation of those who attend the<br />
annual outing at Whitestone Landing, L. I., on Thursday,<br />
September 9. Instead of the special train, as<br />
|i'reviousl3 r announced, motor busses will convey the<br />
guests to the picnic grounds. These busses will leave<br />
the association rooms, Terrace Garden Building, 155<br />
East Fifty-eighth Street, promptly at 10 o'clock on<br />
the morning of September 9.<br />
An entertaining program has been prepared for the<br />
day and all who plan to attend should look forward<br />
to an enjoyable time.<br />
North Siders Play at Kolze<br />
Good Turn-out at Annual Picnic of Chicago <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
on Saturday, August 28<br />
About 200 members, guests and their families, journeyed<br />
out to White House Grove, Kolze, 111., on Saturday,<br />
August 28, for the annual picnic of the North and<br />
Northwest Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Pleasure Club. President<br />
Perry Russell arranged for a nice day and the<br />
weather man did not disappoint him.<br />
A ball game opened the program, Ernie Wagner<br />
captained the <strong>Plumber</strong>s' team and Charley Bishop the<br />
Salesmen's, while William Baker, Roy Hickey and<br />
Boothby Wagner were the batteries. The game went<br />
seven innings and abounded in spectacular plays, the<br />
plumbers winning by the close score of 6 to 5. Olson's<br />
batting and Bushneil's shoe-string catches in left field<br />
were the bright spots in the Salesmen's play and heavy<br />
hitting was done by A. W. Bahn, Jr., "Bill" Gawne<br />
and William Adam's for the <strong>Plumber</strong>s.<br />
A group picture was taken and then races for<br />
women, children and men were held. Frank Pierson
322 .METAL WORKER, PLUM<br />
The North Suburban Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
will have William J. Woolley as its guest at its October<br />
meeting, to be held in Maiden, Mass., the date<br />
to be decided.<br />
• No Outing for Lowell Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
Lowell (Mass.) Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association has<br />
voted to dispense with its annual outing this year. A<br />
large Lowell delegation attended the annual outing<br />
of the Massachusetts Association, headed by President<br />
Daniel F. Carroll.<br />
Outing of North Shore Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
The annual outing of the Massachusetts North<br />
Shore Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association was held Wednesday,<br />
September 1, at Centennial Grove, Essex,<br />
Mass., with a dinner and sporting program. Activities<br />
started at 10:30 a. m.<br />
Lynn Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s Outing September 16<br />
The Lynn (Mass.) Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
will hold its annual outing Thursday, September 16, at<br />
Straightmouth Inn, Rockport, Mass., where the association's<br />
outing of last year was held and proved<br />
very successful. There will be an entertainment and<br />
program of sports in addition to the dinner. President<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e E. Ryan is in charge.<br />
Standardization of Plumbing Goods<br />
When so much of the time of the annual meeting<br />
of the American Society of Sanitary Engineering is<br />
likely to be given to the standardization of plumbing<br />
practice, plumbing equipment, plumbing laws of<br />
everything else that will improve service and decrease<br />
expense, it is well for the plumbing trade throughout<br />
the country to reflect upon the effect it would have<br />
upon their local interests. With the National Standardization<br />
Committee, composed of manufacturers,<br />
jobbers, plumbers and engineers, the subject will not<br />
be passed over lightly, but already steps have been<br />
taken to reduce costs, reduce lines of goods and to<br />
simplify work. It is quite possible that some of the<br />
changes that are recommended and will be carried out<br />
ER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
started them on their way and Paul Jacobi and will Secre be attended with some cost to the trade and it is<br />
tary F. Grosch officiated at the finish line.<br />
well to look into the matter in advance.<br />
Between the various events all visited the refresh There is no question but what in the last analysis<br />
ment booth or danced in the pavilion as suited their a substantial saving will be effected, consequently,<br />
fancy.<br />
the standardized program will be put through and<br />
Supper was enjoyed under the trees at 6:30 and changes will be made. Those who may have some<br />
the large baskets which were brought in overflowing thoughts to express on this subject can write to the<br />
were brought to a low level under the attack of keen American Society of Sanitary Engineering, American<br />
appetites.<br />
Annex Hotel, St. Louis, Mo., where the meeting will<br />
After supper prizes were awarded to the winners of be held on Sept. 7, 8 and 9, and their ideas can be<br />
the races and general dancing was enjoyed. A square presented to the meeting for such benefit as they may<br />
dance with Harry Snow as caller was a feature and bring. The world war demonstrated beyond all doubt<br />
caused considerable merriment.<br />
the necessity as well as the desirability of standardiz<br />
There was something doing every minute until the ing many products. The subject was discussed by<br />
outing closed and everybody had a most enjoyable the plumbers at their convention in Pittsburgh and<br />
time.<br />
North Suburban Plumhers to Entertain<br />
many who took part in the discussion will be in St.<br />
Louis to urge that the advance be made.<br />
William J. Woolley<br />
Chicago Building Conditions—Work at<br />
Standstill—$150,000,000 Work Held Up<br />
Old Hi Cost has been busy and brought Chicago<br />
construction practically to a standstill. Except for a<br />
few theaters, hotels and apartment houses, 60 days<br />
more will see a complete suspension of activities, according<br />
to the estimate of E. M. Craig, secretary of<br />
the Building Construction Employers' Association.<br />
Prohibitive costs of materials and labor have held<br />
up $150,000,000 worth of work in the city, it is estimated<br />
by the city building department. Six months<br />
ago the curtailment was estimated at $100,000,000,<br />
which indicates how building enterprise is being cut<br />
down.<br />
When estimates are received the prospective builder<br />
sadly puts the plans back on the shelf. Banks have<br />
laid down strong rules concerning loans except for essential<br />
building. Architects are advising clients to<br />
postpone building until labor and material conditions<br />
improve.<br />
The letdown in activities has removed the labo_<br />
shortage in the building trades. Plasterers are still<br />
hard to get, but contractors say carpenters are plentiful,<br />
so are bricklayers, while common labor, which<br />
was scarce enough a few months ago to run its scale<br />
up to $1 an hour—almost to the plane of skilled artisans—is<br />
now reported quite abundant. It is still drifting<br />
westward from Pittsburgh, Detroit and other<br />
points where there has been a sag. The street car<br />
companies, which are not a half bad barometer, report<br />
many applications for work.<br />
Employment is not what might be termed slack, but<br />
in man • branches men are reported applying for jobs.<br />
In the plumbing trade the general conditions is one<br />
of activity aided and abetted by the ability to get<br />
needed material. Replacement work has been in the<br />
majority. Any who have had stocks have drawn on<br />
them heavily and show-room displays have been taken<br />
when certain fixtures were badly needed. The difficulty<br />
in getting certain sizes of pipe have liandicapped<br />
both plumbers and fitters.<br />
In an effort to facilitate the construction of small<br />
houses and apartments and relieve the high rent situation,<br />
twenty-three building material, labor, real!<br />
estate and banking men of Chicago met on August 27<br />
at the invitation of A. F. Kramer, president of Chicago*<br />
Real Estate Board.
SEPTEMBER 3, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 323<br />
Current Notes of All the Trades<br />
PERSONAL NOTES<br />
J. R. ELLENWOOD, of Ellenwood & Doyle, New<br />
York City, is leaving this week for a vacation trip in<br />
Canada. He is traveling by automobile as far as<br />
Boston, from which city he will ship his car to St.<br />
Johns, New Brunswick, where he will spend the next<br />
week or ten days.<br />
CHARLES P. BYRNE, widely known in the plumbing<br />
field as a successful business man of Chicago and<br />
for his long identification with the National Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, sailed from New York<br />
on August 5 for a vacation trip in Europe.<br />
FRANK O. WELLS, formerly president Greenfield<br />
Tap & Die Corporation, Greenfield, Mass., sailed<br />
August 28 on the Aquitania from New York for Europe.<br />
He will visit England, Scotland, Norway,<br />
Sweden, France, Spain and Italy and plans to be<br />
away about three months.<br />
Louis A. DELANEY, formerly mechanical engineer<br />
with F. X. Hooper Co., Glenarm, Md., is now manager<br />
of the American Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Corporation, Phil<br />
adelphia.<br />
PETER MUNN, secretary of the Chicago Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association, is taking a tliree weeks' vaca<br />
tion in Idaho.<br />
ANDREW F. CURTIN, Medford, former president of<br />
the Massachusetts Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association, has<br />
been appointed a member of the National Board of<br />
Directors by National President D. F. Durkin of<br />
Philadelphia. With National Treasurer Richard J.<br />
Walsh of Lowell, Mass., they represented the National<br />
Association at the annual outing of the Massachusetts<br />
Association at Pemberton, Mass., last week.<br />
SAMUEL LITTLE, well known to the plumbing trade<br />
in New England and now in the plumbing supply<br />
business, pauses to take exceptions to the puns which<br />
are made concerning sanitary conditions in the country.<br />
He declares that one does not have to go off<br />
Broadway in lil old New York to find the old washbowl<br />
and similar things still in evidence. Little was<br />
recently in New York and declares he knows whereof<br />
he speaks.<br />
Mr. Baker Withdraws from Engineering<br />
Journalism<br />
Charles Whiting Baker, for 22 years editor-inchief<br />
of Engineering News, New York, and in the<br />
past two years consulting editor of Engineering News-<br />
Record, has announced his withdrawal from engineering<br />
journalism. Mr. Baker has established an engineering<br />
business exchange which will bring togethei<br />
those who have engineering properties to sell and<br />
those who seek to make purchases of such properties.<br />
In the 34 years of his editorial labors he has made<br />
a voluminous and important contribution to the literature<br />
of civil engineering. His ideals have been high<br />
and he has added in no small way to the increasing<br />
prestige of technical journalism.<br />
SHEET METAL AND FURNACE<br />
ANNOUNCEMENT Is MADE that E. E. Zideck, formerly<br />
associated with the Monticello Auto Radiator<br />
Co., has now become affiliated with the International<br />
Radiator Co., 1507 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, 111.,<br />
in the capacity of superintendent. Mr. Zideck, who<br />
has had years of experience in the automobile radiator<br />
industry, having been connected with some of the<br />
largest radiator concerns in the country, is satisfied<br />
that the International honeycomb core, which this firm<br />
is manufacturing at this time, stands second to none<br />
on the market to-day. This can be readily appreciated<br />
by radiator men after carefully examining the<br />
International core or comparing it with others.<br />
Make It of Zinc<br />
Attractively presented in 125 pages are the Proceedings<br />
of the meeting of the American Zinc Institute<br />
in Cliicago last May. It will be interesting to all who<br />
work in sheet metal inasmuch as it gives a clear idea<br />
of the purposes of the American Zinc Institute to<br />
acquaint sheet metal workers and all who work in zinc<br />
with the splendid qualifications it has for this work<br />
and it contains many papers read at this meeting, as<br />
well as the discussion of them by the experts who<br />
were present. It contains portraits of the various officers<br />
and those who are in charge of the development<br />
of the industry.<br />
Tliere are a well-arranged index, a list of officers<br />
and other information which will make the Proceedings<br />
valuable to the whole sheet metal trade for the<br />
information it contains and for reference.<br />
Oblong, Scjuare or Otherwise<br />
Illustrated is the square hole design floor register,<br />
class No. 200, manufactured by Hart & Cooley Co.,<br />
New Britain, Conn. This register brings to mind two<br />
•l&U__Ulrnjtl_I_:__ r-<br />
•ILULULULULII .<br />
LLUILULLILIILU.;: ;<br />
ILUILULULLILU. .<br />
__ULU_-UIL-__-i__":<br />
HUILUIL ______ LIL .<br />
UULULULULUL.<br />
'iLLILULLJLLJLUM;<br />
JULLILLILIJLLL'mULUILULLILLL,'.<br />
J LILULLILULU : SQUARE HOLE DESIGN-<br />
ULULULULliUJ. FLOOR REGISTER :<br />
ll LJLUL UL ULd •'<br />
r'rt'tL'fcL't.L'fciiri<br />
selling points. First, the H. & C. high standard of<br />
constniction; secondly, the type of face.<br />
Modern homes require modern appliances that will<br />
comply in line and detail with the design and furnishings<br />
of the room in which they are placed. This fur-
321 -iETAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
nishes the furnaceman with a selling point which can<br />
be used to the greatest of advantage, as the interest of<br />
the prospect can be centered in the design or selection<br />
of the type of registers which are to be used. Thus he<br />
becomes a partner in the design and will give his work<br />
to the furnaceman who is thoughtful enough to take up<br />
these details with him. Housewives will be particularly<br />
interested in these small details. They can be<br />
capitalized to jour advantage.<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
THE SMITH & EGGE MANUFACTURING CO., Bridgeport,<br />
Conn., has for distribution its new catalog No.<br />
10, which will be of interest to plumbers and fitters<br />
as it illustrates plumbers' link chain, both brass and<br />
steel, basin, bath and wash-tray chains, split links,<br />
double-jointed chains and its line of jack chain. This<br />
catalog can be had upon request.<br />
THE BEATON & CALDWELL MANUFACTURING CO.,<br />
New Britain, Conn., has for distribution folders illustrating<br />
and describing the Vacco Air Valve. This<br />
valve is a new addition to its line and is especially<br />
designed for use in connection with automatic vacuum<br />
steam heating. Folders can be had by the trade upon<br />
request.<br />
THE HANDSOME NEW CATALOG, just issued by C.<br />
F. Church Manufacturing Co., Holyoke, Mass., enumerates<br />
the many different styles of closet seats manufactured<br />
by this company. It contains many new<br />
styles which have been added to its already extensive<br />
line since the former catalog was published. This<br />
catalog will be of great assistance to plumbers in selling<br />
high-class closet seats and can be had upon request<br />
to the Church company at the above address.<br />
THE EXCELSO SPECIALTY WORKS, 119 Clinton<br />
Street, Buffalo, N. Y., are issuing bulletins covering<br />
their new style of water heater. These bulletins show<br />
a sectional view of the Excelso and the method of attaching<br />
to steam boilers and storage tanks. Bulletins<br />
can be had by addressing the Excelso Specialty<br />
Works.<br />
Heating and Plumbing Trade<br />
of Memphis, Tenn.<br />
The autumn approach is developing some large<br />
undertakings in Memphis just as others are being<br />
finished. The three big theater job are rapidly nearing<br />
completion, the State, the Palace and the Pantages.<br />
The Memphis Packing Co. is getting under way; the<br />
I ten Biscuit Co., Omaha, Neb., has let to the Alexander<br />
Construction Co., Memphis, the contract for its<br />
half million dollar 8-story biscuit factory that has<br />
started on Florida Avenue. The Quaker Oats Co.<br />
plant on the Frisco tracks and Linden Street car line<br />
is going up. Each of these will include considerable<br />
sheet metal, blow pipe and fine copper work. Numerous<br />
automobile structures likewise are sharing in the<br />
roofing end of the trade. Dave Dermon, a well-known<br />
sheet metal contractor of Memphis, is building one or<br />
two large automobile structures which will be among<br />
the largest in this very active auto center. One automobile<br />
factory is being erected.<br />
In the heating end of the trade, with numerous business<br />
structures and residences started, furnace people<br />
report good activities. The following firms report<br />
many contracts and a fine outlook for fall trade: Mr.<br />
Eichberg of Jefferson Avenue; C. Wessendorf & Co.,<br />
Washington Avenue; the Memphis Heating Co., North<br />
Second Street; Mr. Holland of Cooper Avenue and<br />
Mr. Hendrix of Lamar Boulevard. Crops are good in<br />
the South this year and much building scheduled for<br />
the spring will take place this fall.<br />
Mueller Day in Decatur Enjoyed<br />
Headed by a color guard, the parade line-up of the<br />
H. Mueller Manufacturing Co., Decatur, 111., in<br />
charge of Marshal Maynard Kinder, on August 21,<br />
included the factory band, officers of the firm, salesmen<br />
in light-colored suits, girls of the factory, floats<br />
of products, machine-shop drum corps and a large<br />
number of employees and their families. Special cars<br />
took them to Fairview Park, where the athletic program<br />
was in charge of E. H. Langdon. Philip Cruikshank<br />
started the contestants on their wav and Everitt<br />
Mueller was the judge at the finish line.<br />
At noon a picnic lunch was enjoyed and then the<br />
salesmen staged a 5-inning indoor baseball game followed<br />
by a tug-of-war. An exciting volley ball game<br />
was played between teams captained by Prank Mueller<br />
and Robert Lusk and then came a baseball game<br />
between the East and West Siders.<br />
The feature of the afternoon was the minstrel show<br />
given by the office and factory forces, which was a<br />
source of much merriment. The stage was located<br />
at the foot of a hill and the spectators enjoyed the<br />
performance from the grassy seats above. L. H. Burleigh<br />
directed the show, which had J. H. McCormick<br />
as interlocutor, and endmen were Collins, Henrich,<br />
Kirchener, Logsdon, Jett, Moore, Marker and Lincoln.<br />
Solos were rendered by Adolph Mueller, E.<br />
E. Powell, L. J. Evans, Geo. Wree and T. J. Leary,<br />
and J. P. Stenner gave monologues.<br />
Choral singing was led bv C. G. Auer. in which<br />
all took part.<br />
The "49" Club, the salesmen's <strong>org</strong>anization, pulled<br />
off its scheduled initiation and called upon President<br />
W. F. McCarthy of Philadelphia to be the candidate.<br />
In appreciation of his efforts during the past two<br />
years the club presented him with a gold pocket knife<br />
and chain. At 6 o'clock the club was entertained b} 7<br />
the company at dinner and elected W. L. Jett, Los<br />
Angeles, Cal., president, and Charles Ford, Washington,<br />
D. C, vice-president.<br />
The other picnickers enjoyed supper in the pavilion<br />
and a program of motion pictures was given on the<br />
lawn immediately following. The day's program closed<br />
with a dance in the pavilion.<br />
The large display board with the complete line of<br />
products made by the company and used at the Pittsburgh<br />
convention was displayed.<br />
The day was notable in several ways, and one was<br />
the fact that it was the first time in the history of the<br />
annual picnics that no $500 men were honored, as no<br />
one had completed 20 years' continuous service this<br />
year. Next year there will be a number who will receive<br />
the $500 in gold which the company awards to<br />
employes who have made this record.
SEPTEMBER 3, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 325<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Summary<br />
Black and Oalvanized Sheets—Production improved. Will<br />
increase in price.<br />
Tin Plate—More stock available for jobbers.<br />
Tin—Continued stagnation.<br />
Copper—Demand dull, inquiries liglit.<br />
Zine—Demand dull.<br />
A ntimony—Inactive.<br />
Foundry Coke—Quiet.<br />
Linseed Oil—Demand light; price fluctuating.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Stocks better, prices down.<br />
Improvement in Transportation<br />
tfTT The feature of the market this week is the imjj<br />
proved transportation facilities and a general<br />
indication that the drift is now in the direction of<br />
normal conditions. This does not mean that the rail<br />
road situation is by any means satisfactory, but it is<br />
considerably better than six weeks ago. Iron and<br />
steel, with fuel, and tlie products therefrom are moving<br />
with greater freedom both to the mills and from<br />
them. The good crops comprise a substantial foundation<br />
for a solid business basis. While there has been<br />
some recession of industrial activity it is no more<br />
than is to be expected, and even desired as paving<br />
the way for the longed-for return to normal. The<br />
general trend of prices is downward and the labor<br />
market is improving as to supply. As the period ot<br />
price restrictions is left farther and farther behind,<br />
the infallible force of supply and demand is working<br />
towards pre-war conditions. The money market remains<br />
tight but in banking circles there is a much<br />
more hopeful condition.<br />
FOUNDRY PIG IRON<br />
New York.—Some iron has been bought for this year<br />
by interests whose purchases are made in New York for<br />
plants in other sections of the country. No encouragement<br />
appears to be given to buying at present high prices for<br />
delivery in 1921, the fact being that all furnaces are quite<br />
sure to carry over considerable undelivered iron into the<br />
new year, and consequently most foundries will have iron<br />
coming to them at the close of this year. The freight increase<br />
as of August 26 is so large that foundries will figure<br />
more than ever on getting iron from furnaces from which<br />
the haul is shortest, and this factor may lead to some shifts<br />
in the competitive line-up as it has existed in the past year.<br />
We quote for early delivery in the Xew York district as<br />
follows:<br />
East Pa., No. 1 fdv., sil. 2.75 to 3.25 $54.52 to $55.52<br />
East Pa., No. 2X fdy., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 52.77 to 53.77<br />
East Pa., 2 fdv., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 51.52 to 52.52<br />
Buffalo, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 54.46 to 55.46<br />
No. 2 Virginia, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 53.S7 to 55.87<br />
Cleveland.—Buying of foundry pig iron for next year,<br />
which never became very active after it started several<br />
weeks ago, has fallen off and sales in the week were very<br />
light. A Cleveland interest that heretofore has not taken<br />
orders for the first half is now making sales of foundry<br />
pig iron for that delivery subject to paper quotations at<br />
the end of the month previous to shipment and has closed<br />
with a number of its customers on that basis. There has<br />
been a further holding up of iron shipments by automobile<br />
companies and foundries engaged in automobile work which<br />
are reducing their stocks of raw material.<br />
We quote delivered Cleveland as follows, based on the new<br />
_, g S_ . ates _ these beln & a 5 6c switching charge for local iron,<br />
a V XXf ght T. ate from Val 'ey points, a 3.36 rate from Jackson<br />
and 6.67 from Birmingham.<br />
Northern No. 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 $50 56<br />
Southern fdy.. sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.92<br />
Ohio silvery sil. 8 per cent A.. 63.36<br />
Philadelphia.—While the pig iron market is not active<br />
sales and inquiries in the past week were in contrast with<br />
the extreme quietness of several preceding weeks. Inquiries<br />
for foundry iron for next year are taken as an<br />
indication in some quarters that another iron buying movement<br />
is in the making. There is some confusion as to the<br />
amount of the freight rate advance on Virginia iron.<br />
Even among the railroads there is a difference of opinion,<br />
some maintaining that the roads are entitled to a 40 per<br />
cent advance, while others say that 33 1-3 is the correct<br />
increase. It is possible that some consumers will ask the<br />
Interstate Commerce Commission to decide the point as the<br />
difference is 27c a ton.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered in consumers'<br />
yards in Philadelphia or vicinity, except those for low phosphorus<br />
iron, which are f.o.b. furnace:<br />
East Pa., No. 2 plain. 1.75 to 2.25 sil $52.26 to $52.24<br />
East Pa., No. 2X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 53.51 to 53.79<br />
Virginia No. 2 olain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil 55.47<br />
Virginia No. 2X, 2.25 lo 2.75 sil 56.72<br />
Chicago.—Except for a Michigan inquiry for 2,600<br />
tons of malleable and foundry for first half delivery, the<br />
market is very quiet. Another Southern furnace has opened<br />
its books for next year at $42, base, Birmingham, although<br />
it has no foundry of less than 2.75 per cent silicon to offer.<br />
This makes four Southern makers that are known to be<br />
again quoting a $42 base, although so far as is known only<br />
one has reduced the differentials for silicon contents.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered, at consumers'<br />
yards except those for Northern foundry, malleable and steelmaking<br />
irons, including low phosphorus, which are f.o.b. furnace<br />
and do not include a switching charge averaging 70c per ton.<br />
Xorthern coke, No. 1, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 $48.25<br />
Northern coke, No. 1 spot 48.25<br />
Xorthern coke foundry, No. 2, sil. 1.75 to<br />
2.25 last half «•«><br />
Northern coks. No. 2 spot 46..J<br />
Southern coke, No. 1 foundry and No. 1<br />
soft, sil. 2.75 to 3.25 • $50.92 to 51.87<br />
Southern coke, No. 2 foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.92 to 50.37<br />
Southern foundry, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 48.67<br />
Cincinnati.—The local market is extremely quiet. Few<br />
inquiries are being received and interest in iron for first<br />
half of next year has practically died out. A few sales<br />
for nearby delivery are being made, but these are usually<br />
confined to small lots. Some foundries making automobile<br />
castings have asked for suspensions of shipments but up to<br />
date the amount of resale iron coming on the market has<br />
been small and has been absorbed at the market prices.<br />
Transportation conditions have shown much improvement,<br />
and iron is now moving more freely.<br />
OLD MATERIALS<br />
Based on freight rates of $4.50 from Birmingham and $2.52 from<br />
Ironton, we quote f.o.b. Cincinnati:<br />
Scrap Southern Iron, coke, New York.—On sil. 1.75 to some 2.25 grades base price of scrap .. $46.50 to $47.50<br />
consumers Southern are coke, paying sil. 2.25 the to recent 2.75 (No increase 2 soft) . in 47.75 freight, o 48.75 while<br />
on the Southern other Ohio grades coke, the sil. increase 1.75 to 2.25 must (No. be 2).. borne 48.52 by to the 49.52 shipper,<br />
if he wishes to sell. The consumer pays in instances<br />
where the demand for material is good enough to enable<br />
brokers to obtain higher prices. Yard dealers and other<br />
shippers of scrap are not willing, in many instances, to
326<br />
ETAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
accept lower prices for their material, f. o. b. shipping<br />
points. They are holding for a better demand.<br />
Local demand for cast scrap is good and prices are higher:<br />
Trices which dealers in New Vork and Brooklyn are quoting<br />
to local foundries, per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast 42.50 to 43.50<br />
-No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building materials<br />
etc.), cupola size 42.50 to 43.50<br />
Ao. i heavy cast, not cupola size 30.00 to 31.00<br />
«0. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc.) 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago.—Buying has given strength to<br />
heavy melting and allied grades, while the absence of activity<br />
in rolling mill and gray iron scrap has left prices<br />
dormant and in some cases weaker in those classes of material.<br />
There has been further buying of malleable by important<br />
local interests, but the highest price paid was $32.50<br />
per gross ton. Stove plate has advanced.<br />
No. 1 cast 35.00 to 35.50<br />
Boiler punchings 27.50 to 28.00<br />
Locomotive tires, smooth 24.UO to 24.50<br />
Machine shop turnings 9.50 to 10.00<br />
last borings u 5 0 t0 14M<br />
Stove plate 29.00 to 29.50<br />
(.rate bars 29.00 to 29.50<br />
rake shoes 26.00 to 26.50<br />
bailroad Malleable 28.50 to 29 (X)<br />
Agricultural malleable 28 00 to 2S 50<br />
Country mixed 17.00 to 18^00<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburgh.—Still higher prices have been<br />
established in the week under review on the steel works<br />
grades, as a result of further purchases bv United States<br />
Steel Corporation subsidiaries. Dealers are paving a good<br />
deal of attention these days to the new freight rates, because,<br />
up to date, they have not been able to secure price<br />
adjustments in contracts against which they were unable<br />
to complete deliveries before the new rates became effective,<br />
although it was through no fault of theirs that tne<br />
contracts were not fulfilled.<br />
Wc quote for deliverv to consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh<br />
and other districts that take Pittsburgh freight rates as follows:<br />
Cast iron wheels $43.00 to 44.00<br />
Rolled steel wheels 31.00 to 32 00<br />
Machine shop turnings 16.50 to 17^00<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 2-1.00 to 25.00<br />
Short shoveling turnings 20.00 to 20.50<br />
Heavy breakable cast 37.00 to 38.00<br />
Stove plate 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Cast iron borings 20.50 to 21.00<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 33.00 to 34.00<br />
Per Net Ton<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York-The market is quiet. Dealers'<br />
buying prices are nominally as follows:<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible $13.75<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 13.50<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 12.75<br />
Brass, heavy 8.00<br />
Brass, light 7.25<br />
Heavy machine composition 13.00<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 8.00<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turnings 11.00<br />
Lead, heavy 7.50 to 7.75<br />
Lead, tea 5.00 to 5.25<br />
Zinc 5.25 to 5.50<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.—rhere is little activity in this<br />
market. Dealers' buying prices follow:<br />
Red brass $14.75<br />
Vellow brass, heavy 10.25<br />
Vellow brass, borings 9.00<br />
Heavy wire 14.50<br />
Heavy copper 14.50<br />
Copper clips 13.00<br />
Copper bottoms 11.00<br />
Lead pipe 6.25<br />
Tea lead 5.00<br />
Tin foil 35.00<br />
Block tin pine 40.00<br />
Zinc 5.00<br />
Pewter, No. 1 30.00<br />
Old Jletals, Boston.—Only minor changes were noticed<br />
in old metals although the demand shows a tendency to<br />
become firmer. Aluminum clemand is much improved<br />
with lead and zinc firm. Red metals were in rather uncertain<br />
demand. Dealers are nominally paying as follows:<br />
Heavy crucible copper $14.75 to $15.25<br />
Heavy scrap copper 14.25 to 14.75<br />
Light copper 12.50 to 13.00<br />
Heavy machine composition, red brass 14.75 to 15.25<br />
Composition turnings No. 1 11.50 to 12.00<br />
Heavy brass 8.50 to 9.00<br />
Light brass 7.00 to 7.50<br />
Brass turnings No. 1 rod 8.50 to 9.00<br />
Lead, solid 7.75 to 8.00<br />
Zinc 5.25 to 5.75<br />
Pewter No. 1 34.00 to 36.00<br />
Clean cast aluminum .. 22.50 to 23.00<br />
New aluminum clippings 25.00 to 25.50<br />
Old and painted aluminum 23.00 to 23.50<br />
BURT GLASS TOP VENTILATORS<br />
May be used for practically any type of building. Especially<br />
suitable for residences as the combination of clear light and<br />
fresh air they supply makes the attic useful and comfortable.<br />
It also improves; the air throughout the entire building.<br />
Ventilator may be closed easily without obstructing the light.<br />
Write for our latest 128-page catalog and prices<br />
THE BURT MANUFACTURING COMPANY<br />
300 Main Street, Akron, Ohio, U. S. A.<br />
Geo. W. Reed & Co., Montreal, Sole Manufacturers of "Burt" Ventilators for Canada
SEPTEMBER 3, 1990 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 327<br />
Old Rubber.—the old rubber market is weak and inactive.<br />
Wholesale dealers' buying quotations are:<br />
Boots and shoes 6 to 6 l A<br />
Trimmed Arctics 5 to 5J4<br />
Auto tires 2*"4<br />
Bicycle tires 2<br />
Solid tires '. 2 to 2;_<br />
No. 1 inner tubes 12<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4 1 .<br />
Mixed red scrap - 3K to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap \\7. to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose 15.<br />
Garden hose _v to 1<br />
Old Rags.—Demand in the old rags market is fair.<br />
Wholesale dealers' prices are:<br />
No. 1 whites $10.50 to $11.00<br />
No. 2 whites 5.50 to 5.75<br />
Thirds and blues 3.25 to 3.50<br />
Straight garments 2.00 to 2.10<br />
Hard back carpets 1.75 to 1.85<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Paper Stock.—A steady demand is reported in the<br />
paper stock market and prices are lower. Wholesale dealers'<br />
buying quotations for New York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $2.00 to $2.25<br />
Crumpled news 1.75<br />
SHEETS AND METALS<br />
New York, September 3, 1920.<br />
Black anil Galvanized Sheets.—The black and galvanized<br />
section of the market at the mills is an exception<br />
to a statement already made in these pages to the effect<br />
that the general trend of prices downward. There has<br />
been a $10 advance on both black and galvanized, bringing<br />
black up to 7c base at the mills and 8.50c for 28-gauge.<br />
The more hopeful among producers are expecting a general<br />
advance but aside from the adjustment for freights the<br />
facts would not seem to warrant any increase.<br />
Tin Plate.—As the canning season advances there is<br />
more tin plate available for jobbers and local jobbers report<br />
better receipts.<br />
Copper.— The month of August was the quietest copper<br />
month of the year with the last week recording a low ebb<br />
so far as demand was concerned. There seems to be a general<br />
expectation in the market, that a new buying movement<br />
is to set in and producers are looking for a new situation.<br />
Zinc.— There has been some foreign buying, with the<br />
market more quiet and easy here. There seems to have been<br />
some holding off on the part of buyers in anticipation of<br />
lower prices but there is no disposition on the part of producers<br />
to give way on present quotations.<br />
Lead.— There is a continuation of foreign buying of<br />
lead but the domestic market remains quiet. Any quotations<br />
that have been made are for the most part but<br />
nominal.<br />
Tin.—There oas been a down offering of tin but this<br />
has produced little if any business as there is but light<br />
demand. The whole situation is rather unsatisfactory with<br />
consumers showing little disposition to cover or buy in any<br />
quantities.<br />
Tin I'late, Pittsburgh.—The leading interest is making<br />
a better showing in the matter of mill operations due<br />
to larger supplies of steel from its regular sources and<br />
because of improved car supplies has been able to largely<br />
reduce its mill accumulations of finished material. It has<br />
not, however, made much of an inroad on its obligations<br />
and is out of the market for business for delivery over the<br />
remainder of this year. Labor does not seem to be getting<br />
any more efficient and this is holding in check the independent<br />
makers in their effort to catch up with their orders.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh.—It is not generally admitted, but<br />
it is apparent from reports from some sources that the<br />
edge is off the demand and to some extent also off prices.<br />
While there are reports of bookings by independent makers<br />
at above 10c for galvanized sheets, the more general maximum<br />
on this kind of material is 9.50c, and the tonnage being<br />
entered at above 9c is not heavy.<br />
THESE FIGURES SPELL<br />
SATISFACTION<br />
300,000<br />
Vogel Frost Proof<br />
Closets Now in Use<br />
% w<br />
The wide-awake plumber finds an<br />
unlimited field for Vogel Frost-Proof<br />
Closets.<br />
There is a lot of "Vogel" Frost-<br />
Proof business in your locality. Look<br />
in the garages, shops, isolated and<br />
unheated places—plenty of work for<br />
you to do and each "Vogel" installation<br />
means a handsome profit.<br />
They are easy to sell,<br />
simple and inexpensive to<br />
install and reliable in<br />
service. Cannot freeze.<br />
No water in tank or any<br />
part of closet when not<br />
in operation.<br />
Get VOGELS<br />
your jobber.<br />
NOTES ON PRICES<br />
from<br />
Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
Wilmington<br />
Delaware<br />
Linseed Oil.— Business in the linseed oil market is<br />
quiet and the tone unsettled. In lots of 5 bbl. and over,<br />
city raw American seed is quoted at $1.30 to $1.3.5 and<br />
out-of-town raw American seed is quoted at $1.30 to $1.35.<br />
fn lots of less than 5 bbl., 3c more per gallon is asked.<br />
Boiled oil brings 2c more per gallon than raw oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.—Demand in the spirits of turpentine<br />
market is very light and prices have declined. In<br />
machine barrels in yard, wholesale price is $1.50 per gal.<br />
Rosin.— The tone of the rosin market is quiet and<br />
easier. On the basis of 280 lb. to the barrel, the wholesale<br />
price of common-to-good strained is $14. Grade D is $15.<br />
UEHLING INSTRUMENT CO., 71 Broadway, New<br />
York City, has just issued Bulletin No. Ill describing<br />
Style U Uehling CO* (carbon dioxide) equipment.<br />
This is a new design built in single and multiple forms,<br />
the latter serving any number of steam boilers simul<br />
taneously, up to a total of six. The purpose of this<br />
equipment is to save fuel by burning it with the proper<br />
air supply. Neglect of this factor is costing power<br />
plant owners heavily. Among the notable features of<br />
tlie new machine are speedy action, resulting from a<br />
new form of aspirator, absence of chemical solutions,<br />
greater simplicity and the unique plan of providing<br />
an auxiliary boiler front CO* indicator, which guides<br />
the fireman, while the CO recorder, installed in the<br />
chief engineer's or superintendent's office, makes a<br />
continuous (not intermittent) record showing all<br />
changes in boiler adjustments that are conducive to<br />
either waste or economy.
328 .METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 3, 1920<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide ranges in<br />
price continue.<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks.<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sufficiently heavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticable<br />
to name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
5 in 4.25 4.05 3.00 ROSIN—<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over 5". in 4.90 4.50 3.50 Common to good strained (whole<br />
99% pure, in ingots for remelt 6 in 5.05 4.75 4.00 sale), 280 lbs., per bbl $14.00<br />
ing, 100-lb. lots—37 to 39c. 7 in 6.50 7.50 SHEETS—<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
ELBOWS AND SHOES—<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb. Galvanized Steel-<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
9c to 10c Plain Round and Corrugated- No. 10, per lb 6.50-8.00<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET— All sizes up to 6 in 5C% No. 12, per lb 6.55-8.05<br />
Base price Nominal Square-<br />
No. 14, per lb 6.60-8.10<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
Square 40% No. 16, per lb 6.70-8.20<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4.50 Copper-<br />
Black— One Pass. C. R.<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
All sizes Net List<br />
Soft Steel<br />
Corrugated—<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings- No. 18 to 20, per lb 8.80-10.80<br />
Round or Square-<br />
Standard list..Prices on application No. 22 to 24, per lb 8.85-10.85<br />
Galvanized steel 30% LEAD—<br />
No. 26, per lb 8.90-10.90<br />
Toncan or ingot 15% American Pig, pen lb. ..lie to U'/iC No. 27, per lb 8.95-10.95<br />
Copper 10% Bar. per lb 12c to 13c No. 28, per lb 9.00-11.00<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe- METAL LATH—<br />
No. 29, per lb 9.05-11.05<br />
Galvanized 20% Under 100 sq. yd. per sq. yd. 40c No. 30, per lb 9.25-11.25<br />
Spiral Riveted—<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.—<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 wide,<br />
Galvanized On application Leads—<br />
10c higher<br />
(See also elbows and shoes; Lead, American White, In Oil, Wellsville Polished—<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainer., kegs less than 500 lbs., 15}_c 20 gauge 11.60<br />
Conductor.)<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. tin 22 and 24 gauge 11.70<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
pails; add to keg price Y\n 26 gauge 11.80<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.) Lead, Red, in Oil, less than 500 28 gauge 12.00<br />
COPPER—<br />
lbs., 15c<br />
Galvanized—<br />
Lake ingot 21-21 J/c Dry Colors-<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
Electrolytic 20-21c Red Venetian, American,<br />
Nos. 12 and 14 9.10-11.10<br />
Casting 19J4-20C<br />
Per 100 lbs., 2>4 to 5c No. 16 9.25-11.25<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
Nos. 18 and 20 9.40-11.40<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00 Nos. 22 and 24 9.25-11.55<br />
lb., 29"_c mill.<br />
Red, per ton 35.00 40.00 No. 26 9.70-11.70<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 lb. lots Oils-<br />
No. 27 9.85-11.85<br />
and over.<br />
Linseed City Raw ....$1.30 to $1.35 No. 28 10.00-12.00<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per lb. Linseed, Boiled, advance, per No. 30 10.50-13.00<br />
advance.<br />
gal 2c No. 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide,<br />
Colled Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier Out of Town American Seed<br />
20c higher<br />
per lb. advance over hot rolled. at $1.30 to $1.35 Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized—<br />
Polished— 48 in.<br />
Spirits Turpentine—<br />
2J_ in. corrugations, 30 per 100 lbs.<br />
long 48 in. In Machine Bbl $1.50 over flat sheets.<br />
and to PUTTY—<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Paintedless<br />
96.in. Pure tubs, 120 lbs., per lb 4.50c Prices quoted on application.<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft. In 1-lb to 5-lb. tins, 6.00 to 7.35c 2<br />
10 in. wide and under 6c 7c REGISTERS—<br />
10 in. to 36 in. wide... 5c 6c Cast Iron 10%<br />
Over 36 in. wide 8c 9c Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for<br />
Planished, 1J.C per sq. ft. more White Japan or Electro plate and<br />
than Polished.<br />
Small Faces and Borders 20%<br />
Bottom, Pitts and Flats, 24 oz. Wall Frames 20%<br />
base and heavier, per lb 38c Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and<br />
Tinning— 96. in.<br />
larger 40%<br />
long<br />
Base Board Registers 20%<br />
and Over Base Board Intakes 20%<br />
less 96.in. White Enameled Goods 5%<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft. Solid Brass or Bronze Goods, ex<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c 6c cept Grilles Net<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c 7c Grilles in Black and White Japan<br />
Over 48 in. wide 7c 8c or Electroplate in Cast Iron Plain<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
Lattice, Design. Smaller than<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot, 25% 14 x 14 in.,<br />
Galvanized steel 40%<br />
Prices on application<br />
Copper 10% ROOFING MATERIAL—<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS— 1-Ply Tarred Paper, per ton,<br />
Lap or Slip Joint, 10% above list.<br />
$102.00<br />
CHARCOAL STOVE PIPE<br />
per roll, 108 sq. ft.<br />
2-Ply Tarred Paper $1.60<br />
ELBOWS-<br />
3-Ply Tarred Paper 2.00<br />
NO. 1 No. 2 No. 3<br />
Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
4 in $4.00 $3.90$ 2.75<br />
Prices on application<br />
4". in 4.10 3.95 2.85<br />
Roofing Pitch, per ton $30.00<br />
Open per lb 15c<br />
1 Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
private brands very according to<br />
composition.<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES—<br />
Yaeger's Salts:<br />
1-lb. cans, each 60<br />
5-lb. cans, each $3.00<br />
A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
Gallon $1.25<br />
12-gal. Carboy 90c per gallon<br />
(Jug and carboy extra)<br />
Callahan's Non-Corrosive, per<br />
gal $1.75<br />
SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 50c<br />
In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
per lb.<br />
In lots of less than 100 lbs., advance<br />
4c per lb.<br />
STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR—<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
Copper $2.80 $3.75 $5.75 $9.00 dz.<br />
Galv 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 dz.<br />
TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
Straits, pigs per lb 52c<br />
Straits, in bars, per lb 57c to 62c<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
N. B.—The price of 14 x 20<br />
"AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
IC, 14x20 $16.50<br />
IX, 14 x 20 18.75<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 20.50<br />
IXXX, 14 x 20 22.25<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
"A" Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
IC, 14 x 20 $14.25<br />
IX, 14 x 20 16.25<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 18.00<br />
IXXX, 14x20 19.75<br />
IXXXX. 14 x 20 21.50<br />
Coke Plates, Bright-<br />
Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
>_-in. Corrugation<br />
80-lb $11.80<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
90-lb 11.90<br />
No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
100-lb 12.00<br />
No. 26, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IC 12.25<br />
No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
IX 13.25<br />
SLATE ROOFING—<br />
IXX 14.25<br />
F. O. B. cars. Quarry Station. IXXX 15.25<br />
Per Square IXXXX 16.25<br />
According Terne Plate-<br />
Pennsylvania— to size Small lots, 8-lb. Coating:<br />
Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00 100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9.00 IC. 14 x 20 9.50<br />
Pen Argyl 7.75 to 8.25 IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50 IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75 squared:<br />
Vermont—<br />
12-lb. Coating $11.50<br />
STORM-PROOF<br />
No. 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50 15-lb. Coating 11.75<br />
Unfading Green 6.50 to 13.50 20-lb. Coating 12.25<br />
Red 22.00 30-lb. Coating 13.50<br />
Maine—<br />
35-lb. Coating 14.25<br />
Brownsville, Unfading Black,<br />
M. F. Grade 13.50<br />
is the Ventilator No. 1 with a constant $14.00 40-lb Coating 15.00<br />
Slaters felt, 30-lb roll 2.00 WASTE COTTON—<br />
STRONG, 40-lb. roll STEADY 2.25 Per PULL lb. in 5-lb. bags 22c<br />
SOLDER— outward of impure air, ZINC etc. SHEETS—<br />
1<br />
-• to J. guaranteed 38c Western Slabs 10-llc<br />
ROYALS VENTILATE FROM THE<br />
No. 1 35c Sheets GROUND No. 9 base UP casks 14J.C<br />
quickly removing Refined all foul air, gases, 30c etc., supplying instead Pure,<br />
Fresh, Wholesome Air. Note the Scientific construction which<br />
Patented<br />
THE ROYAL<br />
insures maximum exhausting capacity.<br />
The ROYAL, is built for DURABILITY and HIGHEST efficiency.<br />
Made to any size, round or rectangular metal or glass<br />
top and with Fire Retarding Damper.<br />
Send for Catalogue explaining why ROYALS should be placed<br />
on every building.<br />
ROYAL VENTILATOR COMPANY<br />
420 LOCUST STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA.
SEPTEMBER 10, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 329<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
FLORAL PARK, N. Y., SETEMBER 10, 1920.<br />
The Magazine for<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
Copyright 1920 by tlie Arcliitectuial<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
THE PATO TTHAT LEADS<br />
VOLUME fit, No. 11<br />
TO MONEY (N THE BANK<br />
Do Not Overlook These Things —They Are the Mickles<br />
That Make the Muckle—There Are No Exceptions<br />
Editor's Note—Whether you have, been<br />
in business for 10 years or for 2 months,<br />
the suggestions contained in these articles,<br />
uf which this is the second, made by men<br />
who have been ihrough the mill and have<br />
profited by Iheir experiences, ought to interest<br />
you. This is a sample of thi' kind of<br />
aid you will obtain by making a habit of<br />
reading the paper weekly.<br />
W E L L bought is half sold" is a good and true<br />
saying. But to overbuy just because tempting<br />
prices are offered is foolish. Buy so that a<br />
good variety is secured. Even if the discounts are not<br />
so good and the express charges amount to more in<br />
buying little and often, it is the safe<br />
Purchasing game to play. A few months' experience<br />
Wisely shows the quantity of goods that can be<br />
counted upon as sure to be sold. The<br />
shop with all its fittings bins half full is better<br />
equipped to do business than with some of them<br />
empty and the rest overflowing.<br />
Study the purchasing power of tlie people you are<br />
asking for business. If they are round front enameled<br />
iron lavatory people don't stock up on solid<br />
porcelain. At the same time don't be afraid to recommend<br />
a high-grade article if there is any possible<br />
chance of selling it. If there is a showroom, show a<br />
real good fixture or set of fixtures and one of the standard<br />
type that sells freely to every user. Then if the<br />
possibilities are there you will miss no chances.<br />
Even if one cannot make an imposing display, at<br />
least an attractive one can be made. Spotless<br />
ware looks best. An hour or two in<br />
thc week will keep everything in the store<br />
looking its best. Keep it clean. Sweep<br />
and dust the place yourself if you cannot<br />
get anyone else to do it.<br />
Provide a place for everything and insist<br />
on tilings being kept in their places. Get<br />
thc best too] equipment you ean afford.<br />
Keep a cheek on the tools so that you know<br />
if any of them have been left on jobs. It's<br />
•asy to lose them. Make it easy to find them again.<br />
Keep ., a proper cliarge and credit system for all<br />
atcrials taken out either on contract or day work.<br />
Don't let a single item of merchan-<br />
Your dise go out until it has been charged<br />
Bookkeeping to the job it is going to. Credit<br />
what comes back and you cannot<br />
lose. Keep a proper record of all expense on your<br />
jobs. Charge it as it is incurred. Don't wait until<br />
the job is finished before entering incidental expenses.<br />
Find out what every contract job costs you. File<br />
the cost sheets so that you can compare them when<br />
other jobs of a similar nature arc to be estimated.<br />
Vou always can measure the material required for any<br />
job, large or small, but the element that requires<br />
judgment is that of labor and expense in handling.<br />
The closer you keep account of your costs the closer<br />
you will be able to figure them.<br />
Your first year gives you something definite to work<br />
on. Until then you must assume that it costs you as<br />
much as the other shops of your class to do business.<br />
The overhead costs in plumbing, sheet metal and heat-
330 METAL WORKER, PLUMB<br />
Kit AND STEA.M F I T T E R SEPTEMBEB 10, 1920<br />
ing shops in the country, with volumes of business ean. run If you collect closely, you can make money by<br />
ning from $10,000 to $30,000 average'about 23 per<br />
taking discounts. If your standing at<br />
cent, on the sales. Use this figure until you know defi Taking the bank is good, it may pay you to<br />
nitely what your percentage is. Add to it Your borrow now and again to take discounts.<br />
The the amount you desire to make. If you Discounts But if you borrow, then meet your notes<br />
Inventor)) find that when your first inventory is<br />
on time or before. Accommodation<br />
taken, you have earned more than you loans are easier to secure when the bank knows that<br />
set out to, you can be assured that you are conducting the borrower's word is good.<br />
your business as efficiently a.s the average shop. If you Employ the best men )'ou can get. It pays. Let<br />
can conduct it at lower cost, you are better situated to them understand that your policy is to do the best<br />
get business in competition and earn a profit on it. If work that can be done; that even if a customer is<br />
you have not earned what you expected, it is time to fussy, he must have courteous treatment and that you<br />
make a close inspection of your costs so as to find out want your customers to like the men as well as the<br />
why they arc higher than the average.<br />
work you do. When they find that cus-<br />
After your first inventory make a statement of your Your tomers call for them they will be as<br />
costs every 3 months and check up. Set a mark for Workmen well pleased as you should be. If you<br />
your annual business. If you have done $40,000 and Your find that a good and competent workworth<br />
of business the first year try to get $.5,000 Customers man has failed to make a hit with a<br />
worth the second. But do not get it by sacrificing<br />
customer do not take it for granted that<br />
your profit. Thc overhead cost will not be reduced he has been careless or that the customer is a sore<br />
thereby. But you will soon find that the profit will head. If possible, go yourself and find out the reason<br />
be reduced.<br />
for the dissatisfaction. Probably some mannerism<br />
Pay no attention to the prices quoted by your com offended the customer. You almost always can<br />
petitors. Your costs are not theirs. If you cannot smooth over the difficulty and next time send another<br />
take jobs on your figures so as to make a profit let man.<br />
them go, and look for others. You'll Send out bills promptly. Send a statement at the<br />
Making lose less that way. If, meantime, you first of each month and state your credit terms plainly<br />
I our Prices are making a reputation for good serv- on the statement. At least give your customers an<br />
Right ice you will find the others without opportunity to pay on time. If tbey do not, it is<br />
trouble. Sometimes those shops which time to explain that you expect prompt attention to<br />
try to grab off all the work at keen prices are so<br />
your requests just as much as they do to<br />
filled up with it and so much engaged in trvirig to Collecting their orders. If you find it more conget<br />
out of it with whole skins that they have no time Your venient to collect by mail, use your own<br />
to look after the more profitable kind.<br />
Bills letters rather than the cut-and-dried col<br />
You will come in some days with a grouch on. Try<br />
lection service kind. Your knowledge<br />
to keep it to yourself. If customers seem to be un of your customers will enable you to approach them<br />
reasonable try your best to meet them according to their standing, characteristics and habits<br />
Controlling civilly at least. Think what you like with letters suited to the case. A stereotyped appeal<br />
I our about them but don't say it. It takes or request may receive only a passing thought. One<br />
Disposition two to make a quarrel. The one who that hits the recipient squarely according to his type<br />
can keep cool always comes out best. generalh' brings home the money.<br />
This is easier to advise than to practice; but never Use good stationery. Be businesslike in making<br />
mind, try it.<br />
agreements. Specify conditions clearly when making<br />
Try to be courteous to every salesman who call on contracts. Do not give discounts indiscriminately.<br />
you. He is not a criminal even if he wants to take Make your prices uniform. Arrive at them by mark<br />
up your time when you don't need any-<br />
ing up the profit you desire on top of the<br />
Your thing and are busier than a dog with In percentage it costs to conduct your busi-<br />
Treatment fleas. Very likely he may be able to General ness. Do not be afraid to place tliese<br />
of Salesmen do vou a favor some time and almost al<br />
prices on your goods but quote the same<br />
ways he can tell yon something that it price to every customer. A concession to one makes<br />
would pay you to know. If you cannot give him an dissatisfaction to another if he hears about it and too<br />
order, tell him so pleasantly and he will count vou often the bargain hunter is fond of boasting about his<br />
as a good fellow at least. And it is a good policy to good buying.<br />
have everyone possible think well of you.<br />
Read trade papers. They are the best buyers' di<br />
If an agent for a credit rating house asks some rectory you can find. Watch the advertising and you<br />
questions which you think are none of his business, will be well posted on the progress of your trade.<br />
remember that you are asking business houses to trust Read the market pages, the descriptions of new goods,<br />
you with tlieir money and that they are entitled to<br />
the current articles on installation of all<br />
know how much protection they are going to have. When euipment you are interested in. Then,<br />
Credit does not always go according to financial stand 1 ou Are when a customer comes in and asks vou<br />
ing. Honesty, character and the keeping of promises at Home about some specialty that he has seen ad<br />
get the high ratings. Never ignore a letter asking for<br />
vertised in a popular magazine or has seen<br />
payment of an overdue bill. If you cannot meet it on in operation somewhere, you can demonstrate vour<br />
time, explain why and say when you can meet it. familiarity with it, and nine times out of ten get his<br />
Then do so by hook or by crook and you will have no order.<br />
trouble in getting credit.<br />
You cannot sit back and rest on your laurels even<br />
Take advantage yourself of discounts whenever vou if you have been a cracker-jack journeyman and are
SEPTEMBER 10, 1920 M E T A L WORK E R , P L U M B E R A N I) S T E A M F I T T E R<br />
well known in your community. People expect to<br />
be told of new goods and improved methods. The<br />
trade papers are the mediums in which you<br />
Reading will find them. Get the wrappers off and<br />
Trade study the inside after business hours<br />
Papers when you have time to do it properly. Get<br />
interested in them. Contribute to them occasionally.<br />
Your experience may be of great value to<br />
others in the trade. And in giving what you know you<br />
are doing yourself good. It comes back to<br />
some shape or form eventuallv.<br />
you in<br />
Storage Shed for Pipe<br />
or Conduit 1<br />
MethodV Constructing Convenient Rack for<br />
Storing Sizes Infrequently Used<br />
By CHARLES F. KERNAN<br />
A S H E D of economical construction for the storage<br />
of wrought-iron pipe or conduit is shown in Fig.<br />
1. Such a rack can be built by any of the mechanics<br />
around an establishment at odd times when<br />
they would be doing nothing if not thus working at<br />
odd jobs. It is particularly convenient for storingtubes<br />
of the infrequently used sizes, of whicli but small<br />
quantities are carried in stock. With the pipes stored<br />
properly in the shed, each size has a "pigeon hole," as<br />
it were, and a workman can go to the rack and at once<br />
pull out a length of the diameter he desires.<br />
MATERIALS USED<br />
Yellow pine sticks, 5x5 in., are used for the upright<br />
posts. For the cross bars, 1-in. iron pipes or<br />
conduits are utilized. As will be noted, the rack consists<br />
of five units. Each unit comprises five 5x5<br />
uprights and the iron pipe cross bars. After the five<br />
units were assembled they were erected to a vertical<br />
position and then braced with two ] /4 x 1%-in. strap<br />
iron bars, wliich were arranged diagonally as shown.<br />
When first erected, the rack need not be roofed.<br />
Later, a roof composed mainly of boards from large<br />
(jacking boxes and sheathed over with buildhu<br />
may be applied.<br />
paper<br />
Construction in Many Lines Retarded<br />
Testimony offered at the hearings before the<br />
Cnited States Interstate Commerce Commission on the<br />
'Copyright—All Rights Reserved.<br />
?x4* ?2* 9 J_,__ &"/3xS' ''TctrPapero.<br />
WWlZA\<br />
DETAILS OK STORAGE SHED<br />
k<br />
331<br />
application of the railroads for increased freight rates<br />
has made it clear that it is not only houses for workmen<br />
but construction work of all kinds that has suffered<br />
from the prevailing high cost of materials and<br />
labor.<br />
According to a general consensus of opinion as<br />
expressed in engineering and railroad journals, we are<br />
nearer ten years than five years behind in many lines<br />
of engineering work.<br />
Few of the states have taken full advantage of<br />
the Federal appropriation for good roads. Waterpower<br />
development is far behind the natural growth<br />
which, under normal conditions, would have resulted<br />
from the demands of industry and the needs of communities<br />
for electric lighting and power, but for the<br />
deterring effect of exorbitant first costs. Inland<br />
waterways for the transportation of slow and heavy<br />
freights exist, for the most part only on paper.<br />
Worst of all is the inadequacy of the country's<br />
railroad mileage. One of the busiest railroads of the<br />
country has issued a statement to its customers to the<br />
effect that its operation is hampered by the number<br />
of cars being handled at the same time" on its tracks<br />
—in otlier words, on that line, and doubtless on mainothers,<br />
the shortage of roadbed and tracks is fully as<br />
great a handicap to efficient transportation as is the<br />
shortage of cars.<br />
Two conclusions are being drawn from these facts:<br />
First, that there is due a new impulse to industry,<br />
bringing in a new period of prosperity, in the great<br />
era of extensive and highly necessary construction<br />
work that lies just ahead; and, second, that an abundant<br />
supply of common labor is the need of the hour<br />
and the key to the industrial situation to-day.—Indus<br />
trial News Survey.<br />
NATIONAL CITY BANK, New York, issues statement<br />
to effect that manufactures continue outstanding feature<br />
of this country's foreign trade. They form 52<br />
per cent, of U. S. exports in current calendar year<br />
.and in May and June were 56 per cent as compared<br />
with 43 per cent in corresponding months of 1919.<br />
Estimated total value of manufactures exported from<br />
this country in 1.920 will not only be largest it bas<br />
ever recorded but will substantially exceed $.,000,-<br />
000,000. In 1911 calendar year they amounted to a<br />
,ittle more than $1,000,000,000.<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Roof-<br />
I'OR WROUGHT<br />
10-0<br />
11-Side Elevation<br />
I'IPE OR CONDUIT
332 t METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM F I TT E R SKI .EMDEH 10, 1920<br />
The History and Evolution of Bath Tubs<br />
How the First Bath Tuh Was Regarded hy Public<br />
Its Importance to the Man of the Present Day<br />
HISTORY contains ludicrous as well as important<br />
facts of the days when our ancestors flourished.<br />
We may smile at what our ancestors did and<br />
thought, even as our successors a few generations<br />
hence may smile at what we are doing and saying and<br />
thinking. How true it is that history contains the<br />
ludicrous is in the story of the introduction and rise<br />
of the bath tub. To-day we esteem it a necessity. But<br />
our forefathers, not so many years ago, raged over its<br />
introduction and denounced it as an invention of the<br />
devil to pester and destroy the human race.<br />
INTRODUCTION OF BATH IN UNITED STATES<br />
That patrician, Ge<strong>org</strong>e Washington, did not know a<br />
bath tub as we know it, nor did the sage of Monticello,<br />
Thomas Jefferson, nor even Andrew Jackson. Those<br />
boys, if the truth were known, probably dragged out<br />
the old tin tub on Saturday night and "took theirs"<br />
just like the rest of the crowd.<br />
One reads of the wonderful baths of Rome and the<br />
reading does sound good, but somewhere between then<br />
and the sixteen hundreds there must have been an<br />
awful slip in cleanliness, for in tliose good old London<br />
days when Sam Pepys, the original diary writer, was<br />
cutting up, things were pretty dirty—and no bath<br />
tubs. In fact, in the majority of places "over there"<br />
the bath tub is yet a novelty and in its infancy.<br />
The first bath tub in the United States was installed<br />
in the home of Adam Thompson, of Cincinnati, Ohio.<br />
on December 20, 1812. It was a large mahogany box<br />
lined with sheet lead. Its owner was extremely proud<br />
of it because at his Christmas party he exhibited it<br />
to his guests and explained its use and purpose. He<br />
had some curious guests and gave four of them an<br />
opportunity to have a Christmas bath in the new<br />
household convenience. And the bath tub got two<br />
columns in the city newspapers the next day, in which<br />
it was denounced as an epicurean luxury, undemocratic,<br />
out of harmony with the simplicity of the day.<br />
Leading medical men denounced it as dangerous to<br />
health. The controversy spread.<br />
Philadelphia in 1843 sought to prohibit by ordinance<br />
bathing from November to March 15, but it<br />
lacked two votes. Virginia laid a state lax of $30 per<br />
years on bath tubs. Hartford, Providence, Charles-<br />
Ion and Wilmington quadrupled water charges to owners<br />
of bath tubs. In ISIS Boston made bathing unlawful,<br />
save on medical advice, but was unable to enforce<br />
the ordinance. It was repealed in 1862.<br />
The bath tub was introduced to real fame when<br />
President Millard Fillmore installed one in the While<br />
House. He had tried the bath tub in Cincinnati in<br />
1850 when he was touring the country and liked it.<br />
The first bath tubs were wooden boxes lined with<br />
•President of the American Sociely of Sanitary<br />
Engineering<br />
BY WILLIAM C. GROENIGER*<br />
sheet lead and later with copper. The box-lined bath<br />
tub was gradually replaced by the porcelain enameled<br />
iron and solid porcelain ware. The copper bath tub<br />
has passed and is now prohibited by sanitary regulations.<br />
Enameled cast iron and porcelain ware of<br />
many designs and free from dirt catching corners<br />
took their place.<br />
The shower is gradually replacing the bath tub as<br />
being more sanitary and desirable. In gymnasiums,<br />
hotels and Other places used by the public the sliower<br />
finds much favor. Shower heads with a stream pointing<br />
at an angle of '45 deg. have become very popular<br />
and permits of bathing any part of the body. Particularly<br />
does this type of shower construction appeal<br />
to the women folk as it gives all the benefits of the<br />
shower without necessarily wetting the head.<br />
It was our privilege to introduce a great many<br />
shower baths into hospitals, orphanages, refugee hostels<br />
and refugee camps in Jerusalem, Palestine, as<br />
part of the human sterilizing mills whicli eradicated<br />
vermin and gave men, women and children clean<br />
bodies, clean clothes and a new lease on life. Manv<br />
of these people were refugees for 4. years in a country<br />
where water rationing was necessary at times to con-<br />
(Continued on Page 3.1)
SEPTEMBER 10, 1920 M E T A L WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 333<br />
You Bet To-Day s <strong>Plumber</strong> Is Progressive<br />
Plumhing Craft Is Keeping Pace with Times<br />
and Here Are Some Instances to Prove II<br />
BY WILLIAM HUTTON<br />
T H E best answer to the question of Neal A. Egan,<br />
in the issue of July 23, "Are plumbers to-day as<br />
progressive as 20 years ago?" is the present-day<br />
catalog of plumbing fixtures. Any one of the leading<br />
manufacturers' catalogs, the Standard Sanitary Manufacturing<br />
Co.'s, for instance, shows such an advance<br />
in design and practical utility of the goods illustrated<br />
that even a novice can see that plumbers are keeping<br />
pace with any other craft in improving the quality<br />
of their products.<br />
Twenty years ago the plumbing fixtures were taking<br />
the modern form. Their practical merits were<br />
there but their artistic merits were questionable. Look<br />
up any of the old catalogs and see if you would select<br />
one of the highly ornamented closet bowls or bathtubs<br />
then in vogue. Look at the design of the waste<br />
and supply fittings and compare them with some of<br />
the graceful yet sturdy articles shown in to-day's<br />
catalogs.<br />
PLUMBING GOODS MUCH IN ADVANCE<br />
Do not think that all of the credit for this improvement<br />
is due the manufacturer. He is entitled to his<br />
share but the fact that the plumber's taste is responsible<br />
for slow or fast movers and slow movers are<br />
dropped from the line must not be f<strong>org</strong>otten. So<br />
much for the actual goods we are offering for sale.<br />
Certainly they are just as much in advance of the<br />
models of 1900 as the present-day automobile is in<br />
advance of the one-lunger of that period.<br />
Coming to practice, simplification is sometimes an<br />
improvement. In mechanics it almost always is desirable.<br />
Twenty years ago we were so fully convinced<br />
of the necessity of venting everything that<br />
perhaps it was much overdone. The movement back<br />
is a sign of a desire to progress rather than a desire<br />
to lower the quality of the work. If we can attain<br />
the same results with less effort, it is right to do so.<br />
Experiments will prove, the worth of the ideas put<br />
forth during the last year or two and a proper balance<br />
surely will be struck.<br />
The advance in scientific methods of sewage disposal<br />
within the period named cannot be disputed.<br />
How many plumbers then knew anything about septic<br />
tanks or any otlier method than a cesspool or a tile<br />
drain leading to they knew not whither ?<br />
What about water supply systems for small residences<br />
and institutions ? How many plumbers then<br />
thought that a complete lighting and water supply<br />
plant could be installed by their men and that they<br />
would be handling this class of business in such a<br />
matter of fact way ?<br />
What about all the little refinements we now can<br />
offer to make the plunibing installation almost selfacting,<br />
the temperature controllers, automatic water<br />
heaters, flushing appliances, the numerous things<br />
which as a matter of fact have been devised by work<br />
ing plumbers and perfected by manufacturers because<br />
of the demand created by the plumber?<br />
What about the improved tools we are using today?<br />
Do you remember that four-armed die stock,<br />
for instance ?<br />
Who can read the Proceedings of the National Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s for the last 10 years or<br />
so and deny that a spirit of progress unexcelled by<br />
any other craft is shown?<br />
When did the master plumber begin to be a real<br />
business man ? What percentage of master plumbers<br />
20 years ago knew anything about the cost of conducting<br />
a business or of merchandising at all? How<br />
many of them could tell from their books whether their<br />
contracts were returning a profit or showing a loss ?<br />
What does the valuable movement now in full swing<br />
and known as the Trade Extension Bureau represent<br />
and how many otlier crafts have anything at all ap<br />
proaching it in big-thinking and far-sighted business<br />
policy? Here's to the plumber of to-daj'. He is twice<br />
the man his father was and father would be game<br />
enough to admit it if he had to do business under<br />
present conditions.<br />
WHAT A CHICAGO SANITARIAN SAVS ON THE SUBJECT<br />
Thomas J. Claffy, assistant chief of the Bureau<br />
of Sanitation, Chicago, writes in reference to closet<br />
flanges as follows:.<br />
In the July 23 issue of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER<br />
AND STEAM FITTER appeared a short article by Neal<br />
A. Egan in which he wonders if the plumber of to-day<br />
is as progressive as he was 20 years ago, and in which<br />
he criticizes the water-closet connection to the soil<br />
pipe.<br />
A great deal has been accomplished in the past 25<br />
years in the plumbing business; in fact, so much that<br />
it has been raised from a mere trade to a scientific<br />
engineering profession.<br />
A practical engineer has proved his mettle again<br />
in a recent controversy over the use of so-called anti<br />
siphon traps, and I believe will continue to hold his<br />
own in anv other field into which the controversy may<br />
lead.<br />
Many attempts have been made to solve the prob<br />
Lin of making a proper connection between earthenware<br />
fixtures, such as closets and metal pipes, all of<br />
which are more, or less unsatisfactory. Many types<br />
of gaskets have been devised, but it appears that putty<br />
has been depended upon very largely to make such a<br />
joint tight. To-day, it is nearly impossible to get<br />
real putty so that the man of the street is denied the<br />
possibility of making a joint tight with that old<br />
standby.<br />
Rubber and leather as materials for gaskets for<br />
such purposes have proved to be unsatisfactory, and<br />
most plumbing ordinances prohibit their use. Asbestos<br />
fiber gaskets have been on the market for several
331. METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM F1T T E R SEPTEMBER 10, 1920<br />
years, and have not given that degree of satisfaction<br />
which was expected of them. Other materials of a<br />
more or less composite nature have been on the market,<br />
one or two of which may give a greater amount<br />
of satisfaction than anything else we know of at the<br />
present time.<br />
Much has been claimed for a metal to metal connection,<br />
but it has not met with that universality of<br />
adoption whieh obtains in tbe use of an article that is<br />
obviously practicable. It is more or less difficult.<br />
in fact quite difficult, to get a suitable material that<br />
may be used as a gasket in an earthenware to metal<br />
joint. <strong>Metal</strong> for such a gasket must necessarily lu-<br />
soft and pliable and yet bave sufficient resiliency to<br />
meet expansion and contraction, or to fill up irregu<br />
larities between two surfaces.<br />
One must admit that the ideal gasket for a closet<br />
connection should be of a metallic substance that<br />
would meet the above requirements and still be proof<br />
against the destructive agencies in sewer air.<br />
The more general use of the wall-hung closet will<br />
undoubtedly bring into the field a satisfactory gasket<br />
for the reason that any leak that may occur at a closet<br />
connection will at once be in evidence and demand im<br />
mediate attention.<br />
The National Bureau of Standardization of Plumb<br />
ing Materials will undoubtedly go into this subject<br />
very shortly and with the potters in co-operation, some<br />
real good will be accomplished. A gasket that will insure<br />
a tight joint without danger of breaking earthen<br />
ware closet flanges .-ind that will remain tight, is the<br />
one the trade is seeking. That is the kind the potters<br />
will eventually furnish witb their closet bowls.<br />
Illinois Railroads Win First Round in<br />
Two-Cent Fare Controversy<br />
Judges F. E. Baker, F. E. Geiger and G. W. English<br />
of the United States Circuit Court of Appeals, sitting<br />
en bane in Chicago on August 24, issued a temporarv<br />
injunction restraining the state publie utilities<br />
commission from enforcing the railroad passenger rate<br />
of 2 cents a mile authorized by the statute of 1907.<br />
Recently the railroads, citing the $600,000,000 wage<br />
award granted their employes, petitioned the utilities<br />
commission for an increase in the intrastate passenger<br />
rates in conformity with that granted by the interstate<br />
commerce commission. The utilities commission, in<br />
denying this, ruled that tbe roads automatically go<br />
back to the 2-cent rate on September 1. when they<br />
finally emerge from federal control.<br />
It was a surprise, as it bad been expected the bearings<br />
would consume considerable time.<br />
In granting the injunction, Judge Baker said:<br />
"W'e have heard sufficient evidence to show a 2-cent<br />
rate would be confiscatory, inasmuch as tbe interstate<br />
commerce commission has ruled tbat a rate of 3.0<br />
cents a mile is necessary for the railroads to operate<br />
on a business basis."<br />
This victory cheered the roads in preparation for<br />
their second rate fight with the state, which conies before<br />
the interstate commerce commission on September<br />
8. On that date Commissioner McChord will hear the<br />
application of the roads for increases in both passenger<br />
and freight rates. The Illinois commission has refused<br />
the increases and the government body is going<br />
into the matter on an application asking relief from<br />
the regulations of the state body.<br />
Increases of 10 per cent on freight traffic and 20<br />
per cent on passenger traffic between ports on the<br />
Great Lakes were authorized by tbe Cnited States<br />
shipping board recently. The increases may be made<br />
effective on one day's notice, not hater than January<br />
1, 1921. It is understood the carriers will increase the<br />
rates at once in accord with the decision.<br />
Home of a Progressive Business<br />
The accompanying reproduction of the exterior of<br />
the new shop of Henry Janssen, Round Lake, 111.,<br />
shows a modern structure 1 10 x 64 ft. and affords<br />
SHOP OE HENRY JANSSEN, ROUND LAKE, ILL.<br />
ample space for Mr. Janssen's progressive activities.<br />
He believes in knowing what the farmer wants and<br />
acts on th.at belief by having what the farmer wants<br />
when he wants it. In other words, Mr. Janssen is<br />
one of the real live men of his territory, a capable<br />
mechanic and commands a prosperous business.<br />
British Attitude Towards Cancellations<br />
Cancellations are not confined to this country as is<br />
shown by a report from Nottingham, England, that<br />
British lace and hosiery manufacturers and exporters<br />
have become concerned over tbe large number of or<br />
ders cancelled by foreign firm's. The Nottingham<br />
Lace Exporters' Association, which represents the lace<br />
export trade of the countrv, recently decided that no<br />
member of the association should hereafter accept any<br />
cancellation or orders without the special permission<br />
of .a committee for the purpose of investigation.<br />
This means, according to Consul Calvin M. Hitch,<br />
that should a customer decline to accept goods, after<br />
having placed an order, he will not be permitted to<br />
purchase goods from any other member of the asso<br />
ciation until he bas complied with his contract. The<br />
hosiery trade is considering similar action. There is<br />
no disposition here to imitate these English methods,<br />
but it is believed that the time is opportune to empha<br />
size and stabilize trade ethics which make for fundamental<br />
soundness in business.
SBPTEMBEB 10, 1920 M E T A L W ORK K R , P L V M B E I! A N I) S T l_ A M F I T T E it<br />
Effect of Standardization on Small<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
Some Vital Points to Be Carefully Considered<br />
by the Committee of the National Association<br />
BY SUBURBAN PLUMBER<br />
F R O M what I have heard of tbe work of the Standardization<br />
Conimittee, composed of niembers of<br />
National Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s and<br />
manufacturers and jobbers of plumbing and allied materials,<br />
I judge tliere will be some valuable results.<br />
But from what I hear also, there seems to be a strong<br />
possibility that the plumber is due to stand some loss<br />
in the adjustment.<br />
For instance, if it is decided to make only extra<br />
heavy soil pipe, the thousands of stocks of standard<br />
fittings will have to go to the scrap heap and the loss<br />
will be a serious one. Even if the change is made<br />
gradually the loss will be heavy, for in ever}' plumber's<br />
stock there are slow-moving fittings which nevertheless<br />
have to be carried. The gain is all on the side<br />
of the manufacturer who can cut down the number of<br />
patterns and amount of stock to be carried and the<br />
jobber who will then only have to carry one stock of<br />
pipe and fittings.<br />
It is not the plumber in cities where extra heavy<br />
pipe is specified by law who is to be the loser, but the<br />
small-town plumber who has found standard pipe satisfactorv<br />
in every way for the class of work he does.<br />
And another phase is the extra cost and needless<br />
weight of the pipe and fittings for small jobs.<br />
Then we are told that there is an intention to stop<br />
making 4 and 4l/o-ft. bath tubs. This also will mean<br />
a hardship to those who have been following the<br />
widelv given advice to dig up business in old houses<br />
and who, like ourselves, have found their chief business<br />
in such work during the last few years. In this<br />
town new building has been unknown for about 4<br />
years, yet we have succeeded in selling a very considerable<br />
number of bath tubs and probably half of<br />
them have been sizes other than 5 ft. because of the<br />
difficulty in getting proper space to set them.<br />
These and several other features of the move toward<br />
standardization are worthy of discussion before definite<br />
decision is arrived at, but no one seems interested<br />
enough to start it.<br />
Possibly tliere is information which may make the<br />
bogey seem less frightful and, if so, I would be glad<br />
to hear from those who can give it.<br />
OPINION OF HEAD OF CHICAGO SANITARY DEPARTMENT<br />
The following comment is from Thomas J. Claffy,<br />
assistant chief of the Department of Health, Chicago:<br />
The comments by the Suburban <strong>Plumber</strong> on what<br />
standardization may do to harm the small plumber<br />
brings to mind the fact that this is a question that<br />
affects everyone, and it is being given serious consideration<br />
by those whose business is confined to rural<br />
communities.<br />
33.5<br />
This change was suggested in the original draft of<br />
a scheme of standardization and was the subject of<br />
considerable discussion in the various sessions held by<br />
the National Standardization Bureau. It was realized<br />
then, and is now, that this is one of the very large<br />
features presented in the process of standardization<br />
••md to a man up a tree, it appears that no change is<br />
contemplated immediately.<br />
Even though such a proposition were voted down,<br />
the mere fact of its being presented for consideration<br />
and discussion is evidence that some people have been<br />
giving thought to the matter of the conservation of<br />
pipe materials and that more serious thought will be<br />
given to such a subject from now on.<br />
WAY TO REDUCE SOME COSTS<br />
The breakage on standard pipe is excessive. A<br />
great portion of this loss is charged against extra<br />
heavy pipe, we are told, and if standard pipe were<br />
eliminated and only extra heavy manufactured, it is<br />
believed there would be a material reduction in its<br />
cost as compared with present-day rates.<br />
A great percentage of breakage in standard pipe is<br />
in the foundry and the shipping and handling, but a<br />
far greater percentage of this breakage than is readily<br />
admitted occurs in the installation process. Sucli pipe<br />
can be successfully installed only by a very skilled<br />
mechanic. In the hands of inexperienced people there<br />
would be an excessive amount of broken pipes, hubs<br />
and split fittings with consequent leaks in the system.<br />
It is just as important to have a plumbing system<br />
made tight in order to avoid nuisance in farmers'<br />
dwellings or in suburbanites' homes a.s it is in the<br />
homes, offices or factories of tlie people in large cities<br />
and towns. Life, health and physical welfare are ju.st<br />
as important in one place as in the other. In cities<br />
and towns where an inspection service is provided,<br />
tliere is some possibility of having installations made<br />
in accordance with proper standards.<br />
This is not true in the rural communities because<br />
of the lack of inspection service, and also beeause of<br />
the greater ignorance and lack of skill on the part of<br />
those who make the installations. It must be remembered<br />
that there are many mail-order houses catering<br />
exclusively to the rural trade ; that the farmer and the<br />
villager iii manv cases make their own installations<br />
and that thev arc totally unskilled .and entirely ignorant<br />
of the purposes of vents and traps and the<br />
possibility of nuisance from improper installations,<br />
defective materials, etc. Consequently, the standards<br />
of pipe fittings and materials, fixtures, installation.<br />
etc.. should be so fixed that the possibility of nuisance<br />
(Continued on Page 337)
336 METAL WORKER, PLCMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBEB 10, 1920<br />
New Treatment of Hot Water Heating<br />
Comprehensive Information of the Factors<br />
Governing Circulation and Their Application<br />
to Heating Buildings<br />
BY EDWARD E. PARKER<br />
PART XIII<br />
IN the heating of a great majority of buildings, the<br />
cast-iron radiator has become a necessity. Owing<br />
to the freedom with which the air circulates around<br />
it, wall coils are more effective, foot for foot, than<br />
radiators, but they occupy valuable wall space and<br />
are considered by some as unsightly. Attempts have<br />
been made to hide them behind perforated screens, but<br />
that has not been a success, as it is difficult to keep<br />
FIG. 31- -FITTING FOR SUPPLY AND RETURN CONNECTION<br />
AT SAME END OF RADIATOR<br />
them clean. They soon become covered with a thick<br />
layer of fluffy dust which prevents the passing air<br />
from coming into immediate contact with their surface<br />
and robs them of the greater portion of their ef<br />
fectiveness.<br />
A radiator puts the surfaee necessary to heat the<br />
room into as compact a form as possible. It is easy<br />
to move, to repair and to change in size if required.<br />
In this respect, radiators that go together with right<br />
and left nipples are more convenient to handle than<br />
those joined by push nipples. Radiators with too<br />
much convex surface are objectionable, as thev hold<br />
too much water and do not respond quickly to the<br />
action of the fire. They are most effective when the<br />
spaces between the sections are so large that the air<br />
will circulate freely through the radiator. Low radi<br />
ators are more efficient than high ones and single<br />
columns than double column, as eaeh additional row<br />
of columns takes away some of the effectiveness from<br />
the row of columns behind it.<br />
In locating radiators it is desirable that thev be set<br />
on the cold side of the room, but many years' experience<br />
has convinced the writer that this is not so essential<br />
as has been supposed. In residence work, the<br />
one place to put a radiator so as to make it absolutely<br />
satisfactory is where the mistress of the liouse wants<br />
it. A woman always knows how she would like to<br />
have her furniture arranged and is never satisfied with<br />
any radiator arrangement that will interfere with this<br />
scheme.<br />
Low radiators under the windows in the principal<br />
rooms on the main floor are very effective and will be<br />
generally approved. In chambers, a radiator in the<br />
corner of the room where two outside walls come to<br />
gether is seldom satisfactory because there is usually<br />
a window in each of these walls and between them the<br />
natural location for a dressing case.<br />
The fitter should avoid, as far as possible, puttingradiators<br />
into situations wliich will require the risers<br />
to be run in outside walls, owing to tlie liability of<br />
freezing when the radiator is shut off. When it is<br />
absolutely necessary to do this, it is wise to connect<br />
the flow and return pipes together below the radiator<br />
by means of a %-in. by-pass, so that there will always<br />
be a circulation of hot water through the risers.<br />
All radiators above the main floor should be tapped<br />
so that the flow and return pipes may be connected to<br />
the same end of the radiator. This saves labor and<br />
material. It enables roughing in to be done with certainty<br />
as it removes the connections liable to cause<br />
mistakes in measurement. It does away with most of<br />
the underfloor connections, and the need for cutting<br />
Hoor timbers. With this arrangement the size of the<br />
radiator may be changed at any time without tearing<br />
up the floor or making any change in the piping. It<br />
is of value also in restricted floor spaces, as the elimination<br />
of one end connection permits the use of a<br />
larger radiator than could be used with regular<br />
tappings.<br />
If there is any objection to the appearance of the<br />
J i l l<br />
FIG. 32 DIRECT CONNECTIONS FOR INDIRECT HAU1ATOR<br />
How pipe rising far enough above the floor to enter<br />
the top opening of the radiator, most radiator manufacturers<br />
will make it a point to order radiators with<br />
the flow and return connections tapped in side by<br />
side at the bottom of the radiator. This is commonly<br />
known as a "C" tapping, and is shown in Fig. 30.<br />
The How pipe may enter either opening and the<br />
circulation will be as good as if the flow and return<br />
pipes were attached to the opposite ends of the radiator.<br />
No diaphragm or any other contrivance inside<br />
>Ae radiator is necessary as there is no tendency for
SEPTEMBEH 10, 1920 M E T A L WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM UTTER<br />
the two streams of water to mix. This style of tapping<br />
has been used successfully by a small number of<br />
fitters for many years but, as no one has been interested<br />
in advertising it extensively, the trade as a whole<br />
has never awakened to its advantages, and those who<br />
would like to use it are deterred by the fact that the<br />
demand is so small that the radiator manufacturers<br />
do not feel warranted in keeping them in stock and<br />
buyers are obliged to await shipment from the factor}'.<br />
A combination union elbow, valve and fitting which<br />
accomplishes the same result, by putting the flow and<br />
the return water in and out of the radiator through<br />
a single 2-in. hole in the bottom of tbe radiator, has<br />
been put on the market by several makers. The<br />
cheapest, neatest and most satisfactory solution of<br />
the problem is tlie use of the sort of Y fitting, shown<br />
in Fig. 31. The large end has a 2-in. thread, while.<br />
the two other openings .are tapped for %-in. connections<br />
and are for .the valve and the union elbow<br />
FIG. 30 RADIA<br />
TOR TAPPED FOR<br />
SUPPLV AND RE<br />
TURN AT SAV<br />
END<br />
r M,. 33 DIRECT-INDIRECT RA<br />
DIATOR AIR SUPPLY<br />
to screw into. Only one size is necessary as these<br />
connections are big enough for any radiator.<br />
INDIRECT AND DIRECT-INDIRECT RADIATION<br />
Where the radiator is intended to heat the air in<br />
the room in which it stands, it is known as direct<br />
radiation. But when it is intended to heat the air<br />
from the outside and introduce it fresh into the build<br />
ing, it is called either indirect or direct-indirect radiation.<br />
Indirect radiation consists of radiator sections<br />
of peculiar shape, assembled into a stack and hung<br />
upon iron supports to the floor timbers in the cellar<br />
beneath the room to be heated, the top of tin- radiator<br />
being 10 or 12 in. below the ceiling. It is then<br />
encased in a metal box which is carried 6 or S in.<br />
below the bottom of the radiator. The casing should<br />
extend beyond the inlet end about C in. and have a<br />
partition or bafHe plate reaching from tlie top of the<br />
easing down to the bottom of the radiator, so as to<br />
compel the air which enters the casing to pass down<br />
337<br />
and up through between the sections of the radiator<br />
The warm-air register should not be directly over<br />
the radiator, but should be taken from a warm-air<br />
duet leading out of the upper part of the radiator<br />
casing, opposite to the cold air inlet. This compels<br />
the air to travel as far as possible in contact witl,<br />
the radiator surface and prevents dust and other material<br />
from falling through the register and clogging<br />
up the passages in the radiator. The cold-air duct<br />
should have an opening into the outside air, covered<br />
with a wire screen of small mesh, to prevent leaves,<br />
rats, etc., from getting into the liouse, .nul another<br />
register inside of the house, with connection to the<br />
cold-air duct and a damper at the junction of the<br />
two openings, so that either one may be closed or the<br />
air supply be made of a mixture of warm ami cold<br />
air, in any proportion desired.<br />
There should be no valves on indirect hot-water<br />
radiators, as they are exposed to the cold outside air<br />
and so are very liable to freeze and burst if the circulation<br />
is shut off. Besides, they are almost always<br />
connected to rooms that need heat whenever artificial<br />
heat is needed in the building. The proper method of<br />
connecting an indirect stack is shown in Fig. 32.<br />
The warm-air duct should have an area of 1.5 sq.<br />
in. and cold air duct 1 sq. in. for each foot of sur<br />
face in tlie radiator. Registers should have a total<br />
free area of about double that of the duct to which<br />
they are connected.<br />
A direct-indirect, or ventilating, radiator, shown in<br />
Fig. 33, is set up iu the room to be heated like direct<br />
radiators, but has a cold air duct leading from out<br />
side, through such a construction at the base that the<br />
air necessary for ventilation may be brought in from<br />
ihe outside and circulated through the radiator into<br />
the room. A damper in the base performs exaetlv<br />
lhe same duty as the damper in the cold-air pipe of<br />
lhe indirect radiator already described.<br />
( To Be t 'ontiuued)<br />
Effect of Standardization on Small<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s (Continued frum Page 335)<br />
and danger to good health shall be minimized lo th.<br />
utmost.<br />
We believe that the cost of extra heavy cast-iron<br />
pipe over standard pipe is more than justified bv rea<br />
son of the factor of safety in accordance with what<br />
has just been set forth, lo say nothing of the greater<br />
economy of manufacture, handling, shipping and<br />
installation.<br />
It is evident thai a change such as has been sug<br />
gested will not be brought about over night nor within<br />
a vear. This affords ample opportunity for the suburban<br />
plumber to work out his stock of standard cast<br />
iron pipe and fittings so that when the change does<br />
come, as come it must, he will be ready to meet it<br />
without lhat loss which seems to be anticipated.<br />
IF I MUST BE AN EXTREMIST, I prefer to be one<br />
who believes that in every oyster shell there is a pearl<br />
rather than be one who is quite convinced that every<br />
oyster in everv shell is bad.— Thomas Dreier, in<br />
Forbes Magazine (N. 1 .)
338 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 10, 1920<br />
Only the Sun Heats All of Outdoors<br />
It Is Cheaper to Stop Leaks and to Keep<br />
the House Warm Than to Heat a Cold One<br />
IT is not the heat that the furnace or boiler produces<br />
but the heat which is kept in the liouse that<br />
makes it comfortable. An owner cannot expect to<br />
keep the house warm when an excessive amount of<br />
cold air comes in tlirougli the walls and all around<br />
the doors and windows. That is an important matter<br />
that must be given the most careful consideration by<br />
the heating contractor who may be called on to heat<br />
such a house and what he installs must be equal to<br />
the wasteful t.ask it will be called upon to perform.<br />
It is his responsibility to his trade and to his customer<br />
to make no mistake that will injure by complaint.<br />
Furnaces and boilers are made to heat houses and<br />
not outdoors. This is a matter whicli the beating<br />
contractor too often loses sight of when he is eager<br />
for business and gives a guarantee that he will keep<br />
the liouse at 70 deg. in zero weather. It is a part of<br />
his dutv to his customer and to himself to look at the<br />
con.struction and to see whether or not there is sheathing<br />
under the clapboards and paper between the clapboards<br />
and the sheathing. Then he will know if the<br />
air can go right through from out-of-doors or whether<br />
all the heating apparatus has to do is to make heat<br />
enough to raise the air in the house to a comfortable<br />
temperature at wliich the construction will keep it,<br />
with only a reasonable addition of heat to offset the<br />
loss through walls and windows.<br />
TIGHT DOORS AND WINDOWS IMPORTANT<br />
Those who erect houses in the cold section of the<br />
country along the northern border pay more attention<br />
to making the walls airtight and insulating them<br />
than in the soutliern section of the country. It is not<br />
uncommon to find double sash on all windows. Tliese<br />
are put on in the winter season when it is necessary<br />
to stop excessive air leakage or he/it transmission by<br />
having the glass coming in immediate contact with<br />
the outdoors separated with an air space from the outside<br />
sash put on late in the fall.<br />
A well-built liouse is considerably cooler in thc<br />
summer-time.for then the sun does not get a chance<br />
to heat the floors and furniture and the interior walls,<br />
so that the heating contractor has a good argument<br />
to make a job for the carpenter or insulating man when<br />
he is asked to consider the lieating of some building.<br />
One reason the heat transmission tables are found<br />
unsatisfactory to some heating contractors is because<br />
they do not know which factor to consider or to choose<br />
in connection with the building construction in question.<br />
They take an average heat loss when it should<br />
be increased 50 or 100 per cent. If the building was<br />
of airtight construction with the doors and windows<br />
tight, the heat loss might be readily estimated and<br />
the lieating apparatus installed would jiroduce all of<br />
the heat required to maintain the desired temperature<br />
with a reasonable expenditure of fuel. But when'the<br />
wind can blow in so that it is practicable to fly a kite-<br />
in the parlor or the main bedroom, the heating apparatus<br />
is endeavoring to take up a task that even the<br />
sun lays down when the winter season opens.<br />
The soul which the old hymn advised to be on his<br />
guard against ten thousand foes was in safety compared<br />
with the man who attempts to heat a liouse of<br />
open construction that is something' less than wide<br />
open.<br />
RECOMMEND THE RIGHT HEATING OUTFIT<br />
Tlie season is at hand when you will be invited to<br />
make it warm for some of your customers, but be sure<br />
that the job can be done with the outfit that you<br />
naturally would suggest. Otherwise instead of making<br />
it warm for him, you will make it warm for<br />
yourself.<br />
There i.s a liouse near New York on which several<br />
concerns lost prestige by the inability of their lieaters<br />
to keep it warm, before some individual found that<br />
it was plastered directly on the brick wall without the<br />
usual lath and plaster, inside finish and an air space<br />
between it and the wall to serve as an insulating<br />
space. This last man told the customer, who was wellto-do,<br />
the truth about the situation. The result was<br />
that he put on furring strips and lathed and plastered<br />
the house on the inside so that he had no trouble with<br />
the heating of it from that time on.<br />
The heating contractor who made this recommendation<br />
told the owner that he could heat the house with<br />
the apparatus he had if he would do what he would<br />
recommend. When the recommendation was made and<br />
explained, the fee was paid and the house was fixed<br />
so that from that time forward the family which occupied<br />
it was comfortable.<br />
if a house is built so as to'kee]) the heat out in the<br />
summer-time and the cold out in the winter-time, the<br />
amount of coal and the size of the lieater that will<br />
maintain a comfortable temperature in the winter season<br />
is economical compared with any attempt to heat<br />
a house of the open construction. No better sales<br />
work can be done by heating contractor than to make<br />
things clear.<br />
New Rubber Goods<br />
The Good -Manufacturing Co., 305 East 131th<br />
Street, New Vork City, is just adding to its line<br />
china tank Hush valve shank washers and china tank<br />
ball cock shank washers. These washers are made to<br />
be used on the shanks of the flush and ball cocks of<br />
closet tanks to go between the lock nut and the tank<br />
thus protecting,the tank against chipping or breaking<br />
in tightening up the lock nut on flush valves or ball<br />
cocks. They .also help to take up the excessive strain<br />
caused in connecting supply pipes and flus], connections<br />
which do not face exactly in line with the valves<br />
or ball cock shanks.
SEPTEMBER 10, 19J0 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 33!!<br />
Theory and Practice of Welding Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
First of Several Articles Outlining Methods Used in the Comparatively<br />
New Branch of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Work—Auxiliary Equipment Needed, Prepara-<br />
• tion of Sheets, Lap Butt Flange and Folded Joint Welding<br />
Bv M. H. POTTER<br />
Editor's Note—This is the first of a series of articles<br />
on this subject. Tlie author has promised to cover<br />
the practical welding of sheet metal in a comprehensive<br />
mannerrin this series and will endeavor to convey<br />
to the minds of those interested the advantages of<br />
concentrated study and thoughtful procedure.<br />
There is scarcely a week goes by but that the editor<br />
comes in contact<br />
with subscribers<br />
who have recently<br />
insialled welding<br />
equipment and are<br />
eager to obtain full<br />
information. Recently<br />
he learned of two<br />
subscribers within a<br />
short distance of<br />
New York who<br />
were entering a mechanic<br />
from their<br />
shops in one of the<br />
local schools f o r<br />
welding. It therefore<br />
seems fitting<br />
that METAL WORK<br />
ER, PLUMBER AND<br />
STEAM FITTER, in<br />
harmony with its<br />
FIRE-BRICK TABLE AND PRELIMINARY OPERATIONS IN<br />
WELDING SHEETS<br />
progressive policy,<br />
Fig". A. Welding<br />
should use its best<br />
efforts to present as<br />
much helpful information<br />
on this subject as it possibly can. With that<br />
end in view, it has engaged the author mentioned<br />
above to prepare this series of articles.<br />
IN addition to the welding apparatus, a brick top<br />
table such as shown in Fig. A i.s most desirable,<br />
although the welding may be satisfactorily accomplished<br />
on an ordinary shop bench covered with<br />
metal; provided a sheet of asbestos is placed between<br />
the pieces to be welded and the table top. The asbestos<br />
prevents the heat from escaping from the bottom<br />
of the weld.<br />
The fire-brick table, Fig. A, can be easily constructed<br />
of angle iron welded together in the manner<br />
a.s shown in the sketch. Fire-bricks should be used<br />
also in aligning the work and also to prevent the<br />
escape of the heat when large surfaces are to be<br />
welded. Fig. 5, which will be further referred to.<br />
shews another use for fire-bricks.<br />
A blacksmith f<strong>org</strong>e will effect great saving in both<br />
welding gas and time if used to heat up the pieces to<br />
be welded. It will also prove most useful to allow<br />
- for slow cooling of pieces to prevent warping, as the<br />
welded pieces may be placed in the f<strong>org</strong>e and thus<br />
cooled slowly.<br />
An emery wheel should be provided to remove undesired<br />
metal, beveling edges for butt welds, etc.<br />
The removing of rust and scale can also be accomplished<br />
readily through this medium. A small emery<br />
wheel mounted on a<br />
flexible shaft is another<br />
very valuable<br />
if not necessary adjunct.<br />
An assortment of<br />
mechanics' tools,<br />
such as hammers.<br />
chisels, wrenches,<br />
hack saws, should<br />
be provided.<br />
The methods used<br />
in the welding of<br />
sheet metal vary .according<br />
to the thickness<br />
of the metal to<br />
be welded. Likewise<br />
the nature of<br />
the metal must be<br />
taken into consider<br />
table constructed of angle iron frame and covered<br />
with fire brick. Fig'. B. Correct beating of sheets prior to weldation,<br />
but for the<br />
time being the welding<br />
of sheet metal<br />
ing. Fig. C. Starting the weld. Tbe sheets are first fused together proper will only be<br />
along the bottom. Fig. D. Method used in adding the filler rod in discussed, so this<br />
the weld. Fig. E. Method used to prevent spreading of the weld..<br />
point can be f<strong>org</strong>otten for the present.<br />
The correct lieating of the metal prior to welding<br />
is important. Fig. 13 shows the portion to be preheated.<br />
The welding flame is played on the metal .at<br />
right angles, moved up .-md down each piece until the<br />
metal reaches a red heat for a distance of not less<br />
than 2 in. The quicker the fusion of the metal is<br />
brought about the less scale will be formed, resulting<br />
iu a much, better weld. Therefore, the operator must<br />
work as rapidly as possible. The flame is then brought<br />
down to the lowest part of the piece to be welded and<br />
held upon this point until the metal is melted, see Fig.<br />
C. The flame is then quickly drawn away from the<br />
welded portion, i. e., in the direction of the arrowshown<br />
in Fig. C. This operation is continued until<br />
tin lower part of the pieces have been welded along<br />
the bottom for their entire length.<br />
The filler rod is now added to the weld, see Fig.<br />
D. It is extremely important that the torch is always<br />
held at right angles to the work, in order that all the<br />
available heat will penetrate the metal to be welded.<br />
When adding the filler rod to a weld, both the filler
310 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER i0. 1930<br />
and the weld musl be heated continually as chilled<br />
metal vvill not fuse properly. This fact should always<br />
be borne in mind by the welder, and if this fact is<br />
not carried out, a defective weld is bound to be the<br />
result. Careful study and attention to this detail will<br />
greatly determine the true efficiency of the welder.<br />
MIXING THE MOLTEN METAL<br />
As the flame is advanced along the weld, the molten<br />
metal will be forced along the weld and fused. A cir<br />
cular movement is imparted to the torch. This tends<br />
to mix the molten metals, the inter-mixing of whicli<br />
forms a solid bond, provided, of course, the metal is<br />
continually maintained in a molten state.<br />
Care must be taken to guard against the filler rod<br />
being forced ahead of the lieated part of the weld.<br />
If this is not done, as has been previously pointed<br />
out. the molten metal of the filler rod will be brought<br />
into contact with chilled metal, resulting, naturally, in<br />
an undesirable condition.<br />
It is not necessary to fill the weld completely when<br />
going along the weld the first time, as there is no bad<br />
pffects obtained by repeating the operation and even<br />
ing up the surface of thc weld.<br />
HANDLING THE FILLER ROD<br />
It will be necessary for the inexperienced welder<br />
to add the filler rod to the weld very sparingly, al<br />
though not slowly, going over the weld until the<br />
proper thickness is attained. This will necessitate<br />
care in keeping the filler rod away from the flame and<br />
at the same time advancing the flame at a fairly rapid<br />
rate. If the beginner will study carefull}' the required<br />
heating of the metal to secure fusion, he will more<br />
readily conquer the art of successful welding.<br />
Fig. E illustrates the method used to prevent thc<br />
spreading of the weld. It is necessary to jump the<br />
flame from A to B. repeating this operation along<br />
the weld. This wil] have a Heing effect upon the two<br />
sheets and hold them together during the welding<br />
process. Thin sheets will require extreme care in this<br />
regard and no doubt the beginner will be hampered in<br />
his progress by the spreading of the sheets. However,<br />
practice in this method of Heing the weld will over<br />
come this difficulty.<br />
ff the weld is extremely long, a clamp should be<br />
used to hold the pieces together. This will make the<br />
welding process more rapid and less diffieult. Never<br />
theless, it is liable to set up internal strains in the<br />
weld and should be carefully guarded against.<br />
Very thin sheets should be welded after jointfolded<br />
as shown in I'ig. (i. Fire-bricks must be used<br />
Fib. 5<br />
as illustrated in Fig. 5, when thin sheets arc welded<br />
to prevent the overheating of the sheets. Thin sheets<br />
should not be heated very far back from the weld.<br />
If this is not followed out, the sheets will warp when<br />
cooled. It is important although that as much of the<br />
weld, lengthwise, as possible should be heated up at<br />
the same time. The beginner must learn to hold the<br />
torch so that this will result. ' This will force the<br />
welder to hold his torch at an angle to the work,<br />
i. e., inclined and not a right angle as previously in<br />
structed but he must exercise extreme care in doing so.<br />
The reason for so doing, will be more readily ap<br />
preciated by the results obtained than can be explained<br />
in writing.<br />
WELDING SHEETS OF DIFFERENT THICKNESSES<br />
When welding two sheets of different thicknesses,<br />
the weld is prepared as shown in Fig. 8. The flame<br />
of the torch must be directed toward the heavier<br />
sheet. As a matter of fact, the torch must be played<br />
upon the heavier sheet most of the time, as both pieces<br />
must be broughl to a fusion point at exactly the same<br />
time.<br />
The welding of thin sheets satisfactorily is also ac<br />
complished by Hanging the metal along the weld as<br />
shown in Fig. 7. When the flame is played upon both<br />
flanges at the same time, the flanges will be melted<br />
down and fused together, thc flanges serving as filler<br />
for the weld.<br />
WELDING OF HEAVIER SHEETS<br />
The welding of heavier sheet.s is illustrated by Fig.<br />
1, 2 and 3 and 1.<br />
The lap welded joint shown in Fig. 1 is not satis<br />
factory where great strength is desired. Thin sheets<br />
can be. welded in this manner; it being necessary to<br />
make the weld on one side of the sheets only, and not<br />
on both sides as shown in Fig. I. Practice will enable<br />
Ihe welder to accomplish this form of weld quickly<br />
and whenever such a type of weld will meet the re<br />
quirements it should be used to save time and like<br />
wise expense. No doubt, the average sheet metal<br />
worker will be interested in this type of weld and will<br />
find that it will be less expensive than his usual prac<br />
tice of bonding two sheets.<br />
Fib. 6 FI0.7<br />
I'ig. 2 illustrates the butt weld, the metal is beveled<br />
on both sides and likewise is welded on both sides.<br />
It is the most common method used in welding sheet<br />
melal having a thickness of Vi: ' n - or over, especially<br />
where maximum strength is required.<br />
If the instructions already given are followed out<br />
DIAGRAMS SHOWING METHODS OE PREPARING AND WELDING THIN SHEETS OF METAL<br />
^^^^.w.<br />
Flb.4<br />
FIG.S
SEPTEMBEH 10, 1.30 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FTTT ER 341<br />
and care exercised in the use of both the torch and<br />
the filler rod this type of weld can be satisfactorily<br />
accomplished.<br />
• BUTT WELDING OF LIGHTER SHEETS<br />
Fig. 3 shows a butt-weld suitable for sheets of less<br />
thickness, the weld being made from one side only as<br />
illustrated. There again care must be used in the<br />
adding a fusing of the filler rod, and the beginner will<br />
be compelled to weld the bottom of the sheets prior to<br />
closing the weld and leveling off. When the welding<br />
is from both sides of the metal, this is not so impor<br />
tant, unless the metal to be welded is extremely thick<br />
Another method of welding slieet metal that elim<br />
inates the necessity of preparing the sheets for the<br />
weld, with the possible exception of removing all exist<br />
ing scale and rust is shown in Fig. 4. Sheets having<br />
a thickness of 3-32 in. or less ean be welded by this<br />
method, provided the weld is not subjected to excessive<br />
strain.<br />
No set rule, can be given for the strength of the<br />
various types of welds shown, inasmuch as thc weld<br />
itself will greatly determine its actual strength. It is<br />
only natural that a good weld of the type shown in<br />
fit!. F TABLE OF CORRECT SIZES OF FILLER RODS TO HE<br />
USED IN WELDING SHEET METAL<br />
Thickness of metal Diameter of welding rod<br />
1-8 to 1-1 in.<br />
1-4 to 3-8 in.<br />
3-8 to i-2 in.<br />
1-2 to 5-8 in.<br />
5-8 to 3-4 in.<br />
1-8 in.<br />
5-32 in.<br />
3-16 in.<br />
1-4 in.<br />
5-16 in.<br />
I'ig. 4 may stand more strain lo the square inch than<br />
a poor weld of the type shown in Fig. 2. Thus it<br />
will be seen that the efficiency of the weld is greatly<br />
governed by the efficiency or skill of the welder.<br />
The preliminary or basic rules governing the success<br />
ful welding of slieet metal have been fully covered in<br />
detail and it should he the duty of the beginner lo<br />
follow closely these suggestions and to gain added<br />
knowledge and skill through his failure to weld sue<br />
eessfully when the rules given are followed.<br />
As has been stated, the reasons for complying with<br />
many of the rules governing the welding of sheet<br />
metal will be fully appreciated and realized only when<br />
the beginner has attempted to actuallv weld sheet<br />
metal. This is especially true and will be more fully<br />
appreciated as the beginner accomplishes the desired<br />
results and becomes skilled in the art of welding.<br />
In the welding of steel it must be carried in mind<br />
that two distinct classes of metal exist, soft steel and<br />
hard steel. The difference is that of the carbon con<br />
tent. Soft steel may have a carbon content as low as<br />
0.05 per cent; hard steel may contain as much as 1.5<br />
per cent of carbon. Low carbon steels are naturally<br />
soft and ductile, low in both strength and elastic limit.<br />
Soft steels are more easily welded, especially when<br />
the sheets are thin.<br />
The greatest difficulty is in maintaining the correct<br />
heat. The beginner is liable not to get the metal<br />
hot enough or to get it too hot. This can onlv be<br />
overcome by playing the welding flame on the metal<br />
for a longer time or increasing the size of the flame.<br />
This will overcome the difficulty of not getting the<br />
metal hot enough.<br />
The oxidation or the forming of scale on the weld<br />
due to the overheating of the metal may be due to<br />
the using of a torch not properly designed for the<br />
work undertaken. Th,s should be investigated if the<br />
beginner is unable to accomplish satisfactorv welding<br />
as regards oxidization.<br />
The regulation of the welding flame must be given<br />
careful consideration and the beginner must deferrable<br />
and study out the results obtained from different<br />
welds. However, the carbonizing and burning of<br />
the metal when welding will be fully covered later on.<br />
(To Be Continued)<br />
T) !«• History and Evolution<br />
of Hath Tuhs<br />
(Continued from Fuge :',:',.')<br />
serve the supply. Words cannol express the joy of a<br />
bath.<br />
When the advertisement offers a house for rent as<br />
"modern," one visualizes the situation at once. The<br />
intelligent real estate dealer i.s aware that a bath tub<br />
and shower bath increases thc value of the house far<br />
beyond the actual cost of these two conveniences. The<br />
word modern means that, thc house has a dandy little<br />
hath, immaculately wliite, and hot and cold water.<br />
And more than that, it means a daily hot and cold bath<br />
morning, noon or night, as one wishes.<br />
Though the bath tub is of comparatively recent in<br />
vention and installation, realize, if vou please, what<br />
would happen if wc were deprived of our bath tubs.<br />
The thought of deprivation is terrible when you begin<br />
to realize what a blessing the hath tub has been to<br />
humanity.<br />
The daily shower puts renewed life into a person<br />
and, if everybody were afforded the opportunity, life<br />
would not only be prolonged but production would be<br />
stimulated. Although the shower is the most sanitary<br />
bath, a complete douse and a good soaking is very<br />
often necessary. So we have another improvement<br />
that is gradually becoming very popular and combines<br />
lhe shower and thc bath tub. The combined tub and<br />
shower receptor really takes up no more space than<br />
lhe ordinary built-in bath tub. This new device not<br />
only combines the shower and bath tub but the econ<br />
omy of floor space, installation and detail of con<br />
struction is important and will add to its popularity.<br />
Our ancestors may smile at what we are doing and<br />
saying and thinking, but we are progressing. Though<br />
they will smile at our efforts, the American Plumbing<br />
Business during thc past 40 years has made rapid<br />
progress and contributed much for the comfort, con<br />
venience and health of our people, which has been a<br />
verv important factor in making the world sanitary for<br />
humanity.<br />
New <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>*'' Manual<br />
The Holmberg <strong>Steam</strong> Trap Co., Lindsb<strong>org</strong>, Kan., is<br />
at present working on the preparation of a steam fit<br />
ters' manual, describing the Holmberg vacuum vapor<br />
steam trap and system of heating. The intent of this<br />
manual is to furnish the steam fitter with a simple<br />
explanation of this system of heating and instruct him<br />
in the proper method of installing it. It will call<br />
attention to the basic facts which must be regarded<br />
by the steam fitter in order that the system may be<br />
installed so satisfactory operation can be had.
342 . . 1. T A L W 0 It K E R , P L U M BER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 10, 1920<br />
Facts About Warm-Air Furnace Efficiency<br />
_<br />
Method of Determining Furnaee Efficiency As Employed<br />
in the Research Work at the University of Illinois.<br />
Results So Far Obtained hy Professor A. C. Willard<br />
at the Recent Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Convention<br />
S O M E highly interesting facts are to be found in<br />
the address of A. C. Willard, Professor of Heating<br />
and Ventilation, Universitv of Illinois, at the<br />
recent annual convention of the National Association<br />
of Slieet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors at Peoria. III. As many<br />
readers know. Professor Willard is in charge of the<br />
furnace research work being carried on at the University<br />
of Illinois under a co-operative agreement<br />
with the Xational Warm Air Heating and Ventilating<br />
Association. He had been invited by the convention<br />
committee to talk on this research work, and his address<br />
proved to be one of the most liighly interesting<br />
and instructive presented to the meeting.<br />
That part of his address which is given hereinafter<br />
deals with the work of testing, furnaces for<br />
efficiency and the results obtained. He also discussed<br />
the subject of rating furnaces and improvements<br />
whieh might be made in furnace design. Space is not<br />
available to present the entire address in this issue,<br />
but this may be taken as a promise that the rest of it<br />
will be given in later issues.<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
Before introducing his subject Professor Willard<br />
expressed his appreciation of the opportunity to talk<br />
on this subject to men who install furnaces, and<br />
st.ated that he wanted to give credit to the National<br />
Warm Air Heating and Ventilating Assoeiation, who<br />
had made the development of the data possible through<br />
its action in bringing about the inception of the work<br />
by the University of Illinois and by its continued<br />
financial, advisory and moral support of the work.<br />
He then discussed thc subject as follows:<br />
No matter how much money the National Warm<br />
Air Heating and Ventilating Association may spend<br />
on this work, no matter how much time we may put<br />
in and how many facts we may bring to light or how<br />
many preconceived ideas we may overthrow or possibly<br />
substantiate, unless the installers of warm-air<br />
furnaces in the United States are willing to .apply<br />
tliese facts so far as they can to the actual installation,<br />
this work to a large degree is going to miss its<br />
greatest opportunity.<br />
I Ihink probably the most logical way in wliich<br />
I can approach this general question of warm-air<br />
heating from the standpoint of the work already done<br />
at the University of Illinois, will be to state the<br />
problem as we have undertaken it and to sav that this<br />
problem divides itself into two parts.<br />
The first part deals with the furnace in which the<br />
manufacturers .are interested primarily and for the<br />
solution of which they .'ire spending a great deal of<br />
money. The second part involves the plant as a<br />
whole, the distributing system, leaders, stacks, registers,<br />
re-circulating duets, humidifying schemes, etc.<br />
There are, therefore, two big subdivisions, the furnace<br />
and the plant beyond the furnace. T am taking-<br />
it for granted lhat you are all interested both in the<br />
furnaee and the plant beyond the furnace, although<br />
I have no doubt the plant beyond the furnace interests<br />
vou more. I want also to submit that you know more<br />
about that than I do. so I shall say whatever I do<br />
say with an apologetic attitude, ready to be criticized<br />
and will welcome criticism, in fact, concerning such<br />
statements as you feel in any way are not checked<br />
up by your experience; and I have no doubt that<br />
vou can point out many such cases.<br />
CONSIDERING PROBLEM FROM THREE STANDPOINTS<br />
Beginning, then, with the furnace, we have to consider<br />
the problem from three standpoints. I am going<br />
to cut across lots and go pretty fast in places.<br />
There has much work been done that is not going<br />
to show at this time, but we have broken the furnace<br />
problem up into these tliree parts; first of all we<br />
arc testing furnaces as regards tlieir efficiency. Secondly,<br />
we are running these tests with the idea of<br />
finding some satisfactory and exact method of rating<br />
furnaces, and thirdly, when testing for efficiency and<br />
for capacity rating, we are watching for opportunities<br />
to improve the efficiency of the furnace, increase its<br />
capacity and thereby give to the manufacturers something<br />
in the way of value for the money they have<br />
spent directly on improvements that we feel are warranted<br />
and should be recommended for tlieir serious<br />
consideration. They may see fit to make them all or<br />
manv of them; that is up to them.<br />
WHAT FURNACE EFFICIENCY MEANS<br />
Suppose we deal with these furnace subdivisions<br />
first of all. In order to find out whether one furnace<br />
is better than another or how good one furnace really<br />
is, it is necessary to test it, first of all, for efficiency.<br />
I am going to give .you a definition of efficiency as<br />
we understand it. The engineer, as a class, is pretty<br />
well agreed nn this definition; in fact, perfectly agreed.<br />
If you will take the heat the furnaee can put into air<br />
flowing through it in one hour, between the inlet and<br />
the outlet at the bonnet, or at the warm-air register<br />
in the ease of a pipeless, you have the net result in<br />
the shape of heat exjiressed in units, the effective<br />
result from the operation of a warm-air furnace, either<br />
pipe or pipeless.<br />
How much heat did you get into the air between<br />
lhe point where the air started down into the furn.'ice<br />
system and the point where it leaves the furnace<br />
to be distributed? How much heat did you have<br />
available and how much coal did you have to burn to<br />
get this result? To make the comparison we have to<br />
find the ratio of this heat to the beat in the eoal.<br />
We have to know how many pounds of coal we<br />
have burned in one hour and what the heat value was<br />
of each pound of eoal, if burned completely, so that<br />
all the heat in that coal was realized in the furnace.
SEPTEMBER 10, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITT ER 343<br />
No furnace can burn coal that way; no boiler can<br />
burn coal in that way.<br />
The second part, the total heat that the coal could<br />
develop, is easily obtained by simply taking the weight<br />
of the coal and multiplying it by the heat value of<br />
the coal in heat units per pound. That information<br />
is available at the present time for all coals in this<br />
country, so we do not even have to send the coal to a<br />
chemist any more.<br />
A BIG ENGINEERING PROBLEM<br />
But the first part of that expression, the net heat<br />
that the furnace was able to get into the air flowing<br />
through it, is the most difficult thing to determine<br />
in the field of engineering that I have ever attempted<br />
to measure.<br />
That first part, the heat that the furnace was able<br />
to impart to the air between the inlet and the outlet<br />
at the bonnet, is equal to the weight of air that went<br />
through the furnace in this hour we are talking about,<br />
multiplied by the rise in temperature that took place.<br />
IT LOOKS EASY, BUT<br />
Apparently I have only to measure two things; I<br />
have to measure the weight of air that goes tlirougli<br />
the furnace in an hour and measure correctly the<br />
rise in temperature that takes place in this air as it<br />
flows through the furnace. If I can get the data<br />
that tells me what weiglit of air went through and<br />
the rise in temperature and someone gives me the<br />
weiglit of coal, I have got the efficiency of any man's<br />
furnace by the simplest sort of arithmetical calculation,<br />
and dividing one by anotlier, I will come out<br />
with an efficiency of 50 to 60 per cent in a good pipe<br />
furnace and running up to 65 per cent in a pipeless<br />
furnace. But I am able at the present time to get<br />
only about 60 per cent efficiency out of a pound of<br />
coal from a pipe furnace, the pipeless furnace apparently<br />
doing a little better.<br />
With that understanding we started out to find<br />
some means of measuring the weight of air going<br />
through a furnace in an hour. We had to measure<br />
volume before we could get the weight, and that<br />
lias occupied probably half the time, and half the<br />
money available has been spent upon this part of the<br />
investigation, to find some accurate means of getting<br />
this volume of air which can be transferred into<br />
weight. The balance of the time has been spent<br />
largely on finding satisfactory methods for determining<br />
the rise in temperature that takes place between<br />
the inlet air temperature and the outlet air temperature<br />
as the -air leaves the bodv of the furnace. That<br />
is where most of the time and money has gone to date.<br />
The measurement of the coal is very simple. You<br />
have simply to weigh the coal and we have all the data<br />
we want and very accurately, because we have a scale<br />
with which the weight can be gotten with an accuracy<br />
far within any limits to which we would ever care to<br />
work, and that is entirely satisfactory. I am going<br />
to give you a very few figures, because I feel that you<br />
"light to have something definite to take away from<br />
this meeting. I am going to take a typical furnace test.<br />
such as has been run on a pipe furnace in the laboratory,<br />
reported in Bulletin 112, published by the Engineering<br />
Experiment Station. This particular furnace<br />
was run with an average register temperature<br />
of 150 deg.<br />
The furnaces are tested in a plant set up in the<br />
mechanical engineering laboratorv with three levels<br />
A skeleton house corresponding to the conditions that<br />
exist in an ordinary small house was constructed, with<br />
ten leaders and with stacks and registers on the three<br />
floors.<br />
In the operation of this furnace on this particular<br />
test the rise in temperature through the furnace was<br />
97 deg., the registered temperature in the bonnet<br />
was 152 deg. as the air left the furnace. There was<br />
a 10-deg. loss there. Sixty pounds of air a minute<br />
went through the furnace, and that gives us 3,600 lb.<br />
of air an hour, with a rise in temperature of 97 deg.<br />
It takes about a quarter of a heat unit or B. t. u. To<br />
raise 1 lb. of air 1 deg., so 3,600 X 97 X \i or 87,300<br />
represents the number of heat units put into this<br />
furnace in one hour.<br />
At the same time this was done, 12 Ib. of coal<br />
were burned on the grate. Coal has a total heat<br />
value pf about 12,800 B. t. u. Therefore if you will<br />
divide the first product, 87.300. by 12 times 12,800<br />
and multiply by 100, you will have the efficiency<br />
value, in this ease of 54% per cent.<br />
I am coming to something farther on where this<br />
will be of considerable importance. We were able to<br />
ascertain that the efficiency of the furnaee was about<br />
5-V2 per cent. In other words, for every 100 lb. of<br />
eoal burned in the furnace, you are able to get full<br />
heating value out of 5H/2 lb. delivered at the bonnet,<br />
readv to go to the rooms of the liouse.<br />
WHERE DOES THE LOST HEAT GO?<br />
Where did the rest of it go? I want to emphasize<br />
the importance of this efficiency part of the problem.<br />
There is evidently, then, in every furnaee rated at<br />
about this average efficiency, a waste of heat not delivered<br />
to the rooms of the liouse of something like<br />
^5^/2 per cent.<br />
We have made a study to see if we could analyze<br />
this -151/2 per cent waste. Why can't we get more<br />
heat into the leaders going to the rooms of the house?<br />
By analyzing flue gases, we found that 13 per cent of<br />
the heat in the coal was necessary to maintain a satisfactory<br />
draft, and that is a legitimate charge against<br />
the coal pile. Of the 100 lb. of coal, 13 per cent is<br />
legitimately used for maintaining the draft. That<br />
left a difference, as you will see, from 13 to -lal/o, or<br />
about 32 : j/2 per cent of the licit that goes somewhere<br />
that does not get into the rooms of the house.<br />
Now please get the significance of this; it is the<br />
biggest thing I have got to tell you to-day. This is<br />
a typical ring radiator type of furnace, I suppose<br />
the most common type of furnace made in America<br />
to-day, and 32!/2 per cent of the coal was being dissipated<br />
somewhere below the leaders of that furnace.<br />
I say advisedly below the leaders of the furnace.<br />
Where was it going ?<br />
LOSSES SELDOM CONSIDERED HERETOFORE<br />
Our study of the conditions—and we have run many<br />
tests—indicates very plainly where it is going. It is<br />
going into the floor in radiation. The ground is absorbing<br />
a great deal of it, and it is going out of the<br />
bonnet in radiation and going out of the front of the<br />
furnace. The cast iron front is radiating a tremendous<br />
amount of it; in fact, we proved this particular<br />
set of test by putting 2 in. of hair felt around the
344 M E T A L WORKER, P L U M B ER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 10, 1920<br />
furnace to try to intercept the radiation loss, but is the a man in this room who cannot get the conception<br />
loss was so great directly away from the hot coal in the of it in a minute if it is put properly.<br />
fire part of the furnace that it burned the felt.<br />
Say you have a pound of coal and you are able<br />
If there is 25 to 35 per cent loss from the ordi to put that in a little capsule in 2 cu. ft. of water,<br />
nary present-day furnace from radiation into the base suppose you could burn it in that water; that water<br />
ment, it seems to me that furnace manufacturers will would rise 10 deg. in temperature if every bit of<br />
be spending tlieir money to very good purpose if we the heat from that coal went in it. I have raised<br />
can save any of that tremendous waste.<br />
the temperature of that water 10 deg. I had 2 cu. ft.<br />
It is a terrible indictment against the warm-air or 120 lb.; therefore the heat value of the coal would<br />
furnace that we have not been able to construct, in be 1,200 B. t. u.'s and that is all the chemist does in<br />
the average type of furnaces on the market, a better getting heat values, so that a B. t. u. is the amount<br />
furnace than this. Take the average type of fur of heat that will raise 1 lb. of water 1 deg. fahr. It is<br />
nace; it loses in direct radiation straight out through as simple a definition as you could give a man of a foot.<br />
the casing, from the front of the furnace, 25 to 30<br />
per cent of the heat of the coal. Out of every 100 lb.<br />
(To Be Continued)<br />
of coal, 25 or 30 are going to radiate out into the<br />
basement or down into the floor, and please do not '•'Gas"' Cans Supplant Sheep Bells<br />
overlook the floor.<br />
We have put a water pan under a furnace to prove<br />
how much heat goes there and we find that about 5<br />
per cent of the heat goes down into the ground under<br />
the furnace. Tliere is a further analysis of where<br />
this 25 to 30 per cent of wasted heat is going, and<br />
while we are on this point, I think it will be well<br />
worth while to attempt to illustrate the reason why<br />
a warm-air furnace radiates more heat and loses it<br />
through the casing than a steam boiler or a hot water<br />
heater loses.<br />
American Red Cross gasoline cans and stray shell<br />
cases left by Austrian armies have supplanted the<br />
quaint brass sheep bells in Albanian pasture lands.<br />
Time was when the sheep bell was a thing of beauty,<br />
made of hand-hammered brass, curiously and artistically<br />
shaped and often finely chased in primitive oriental<br />
designs. .<br />
The scarcity of brass in the Balkans has forced<br />
herders to use any resonant material they can find,<br />
and discarded "gas" cans and battlefield debris have<br />
been fashioned into bells.<br />
EFFECTIVENESS OF FIRE SURFACE<br />
Many of the unique brass bells grace American<br />
It is due to the fact that most of the heat in a tea tables where the quaint artistry draws admiring<br />
warm-air furnace, as they are constructed to-day— comment from curiou lovers. The peculiarly beautiful<br />
and make this statement advisedly, I intend to stand tone which the Albanian artisan produced with the<br />
on it—most of the heat comes away from this fire use of brass is a secret known only to the bell makers<br />
pot, practically all, in fact, comes away from the fire themselves.<br />
pot—as radiant heat and travels as light travels, in<br />
straight lines away from the hot surface of the coal<br />
against the pot and then out against the casing and Recipe from an Old Scrap Book<br />
out beyond the casing. The casing only causes it to<br />
hesitate for an instant as it goes on out. The air<br />
coming into the furnace picks up what heat it can<br />
by rubbing against the surfaces of the fire-pot, radiators<br />
and the hot surfaces of the casing, which are too<br />
hot to transmit more heat through and beyond them<br />
than the air can pick up as it goes over.<br />
In the case of the hot water heater, the water is<br />
able to pick up this energy at the hot surface and<br />
reduce the temperature so much that the radiation<br />
loss is cut down very materially as compared with<br />
the warm-air furnace. We are trying to intercept<br />
some of that heat on its way out. It is going to go<br />
out and all we can hope to do is to put some shields<br />
in there that will get hot. If we can cool that shield<br />
off with some air flowing over it, so that the air flows<br />
through the furnace, it will reduce the temperature of<br />
the outside of the furnace, we have accomplished the<br />
thing I am seeking and the thing we have got to accomplish<br />
if we are going to make any material saving<br />
in this 25 or 35 per cent radiant heat that we are<br />
losing at the present time.<br />
Before leaving this subject of furnace testing, I<br />
want to make a prediction. It is rather dangerous to<br />
be a prophet; liowever, I want to predict that in my<br />
opinion the successful furnaceman of the future will<br />
have to use B. t. u.'s as easily as he uses the percentage<br />
sign or the dollar sign; and I also want to say<br />
right here that there is nothing mysterious about the<br />
B. t. u., the so-called heat unit. I do not think there
SEPTEMBER 10, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 345<br />
This is the Place to submit your perplexing<br />
problems---the Place to<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
SERV<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
GRATIS<br />
Connecting Heater with Range Boiler boiler will be siphoned out through the cold water sup<br />
in Bath Room<br />
ply line if the hot water faucet on any fixture is left<br />
open so that it will suck up air.<br />
From H. J., Illinois—Replying to "A. V. B." in the<br />
You may say that all this will never happen. They<br />
August 13 issue of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND<br />
ought to keep the system pumped up. Who is going<br />
STEAM FITTER I want to tell him of an experience I<br />
to pump? It is the boy of from 10 to 15 years who is<br />
had with a hot-water supply system.<br />
usually ordered to do this. It is more natural for him<br />
A system put in exactly like one shown in the il<br />
than to make a discovery in a hurry that hot water can<br />
lustration will make the customer say when asked how<br />
be had from the cold water faucet without pumping by<br />
his system works, "Well, we are getting along with it<br />
just letting the hot water faucet suck in the air. Next<br />
but I guess it might be worse.". The first thing the<br />
the water will be low enough in the range boiler so that<br />
svstem will do after firing up once or twice will be<br />
the circulation from the furnace stops and, when fired<br />
either to blow up or to burst. Then after being reup,<br />
the water will boil in the pipe, making a noise.<br />
Then the occupants of the house will think something<br />
is going to burst again and send fo_ another plumber<br />
and the first plumber will have to look for anotlier<br />
customer which in this case will be hard to get.<br />
It is not good policy to tell the customer what he<br />
should do, but the plumber should figure on what the<br />
customer will do and install the system so that nothing<br />
will happen no matter what he does.<br />
In the accompanying plan is shown the way I attained<br />
best results for instant hot water and enthusiastic<br />
customers. You will note that the return is only<br />
1/2 in. and returns to the tank about one-half way up.<br />
I find that this works better, as when opening a faucet,<br />
the water will be drawn partly from the return line<br />
and partly from the flow line in direct proportion to the<br />
difference in size of the pipe of the return and flow<br />
lines. If the return were connected to the bottom of<br />
the tank, it would draw the cooler water from the bottom<br />
of the tank; therefore, the water received at the<br />
faucet would not be as hot as it would be if the return<br />
connections in tank were above the middle.<br />
You will also note that my arrangement only takes<br />
one-half of the pipe as sliown in sketch. The range<br />
boiler should by all means be placed in the basement<br />
under the ceiling. Heat would not be required in the<br />
summer. It would be much more consistent and economical<br />
to place a small radiator in the bath room,<br />
METHOD OF HEATER CONNECTION WITH RANGE BOILER which could be turned on when needed and shut off<br />
when the hot water is wanted elsewhere. The tank<br />
paired it will blow up again and keep on blowing up<br />
in the basement should be covered to retain the heat,<br />
until the check valve has been removed and returned<br />
also the pipes leading to the different fixtures, as this<br />
to the jobber for credit and a claim for the inferior<br />
will effect a saving in the coal used for lieating water<br />
grade of pipe and fixtures has been put in. The next<br />
and will eliminate the necessity of unnecessary heat<br />
trouble will be with the stop cock. Somebody will fix<br />
the leaky faucet on account of the check valve doing<br />
in the house during the summer months.<br />
This arrangement of piping will give instant hot<br />
some damage that has not been found at first and then<br />
f<strong>org</strong>et to open it before firing. Of course the same<br />
water as the water will go direct to the fixtures before<br />
thing will burst one or more times until the stop cock<br />
it goes through the tank and plenty of hot water may<br />
is exchanged for a stop and waste.<br />
be had at once with a liandful of kindlings. Also, the<br />
When tbat is fixed the worst will be over and all<br />
hotter the water at the faucet, the less of it is used,<br />
the trouble will be in keeping water in the system<br />
as in winter most people will wash merely for the sake<br />
because nobody likes to pump. Tlierefore the range of warming up their nose.
346 M E T A L W ORKER, PL U M<br />
The Edit<br />
Do You Know the Bank President?<br />
IT may surprise you to hear that the ministers do<br />
not have anything like as many confidants as do<br />
the bank presidents. The real live men who are<br />
doing business and who need money go to him and<br />
tell him all about their affairs so he will know the} 7<br />
are in a position to make money. Then if they want<br />
to borrow some he has no hesitation in accepting their<br />
note and furnishing the cash. They have shown him<br />
very clearly by explaining tlieir finances, tlieir pros<br />
pects and their opportunities, that thev have the quali<br />
fications for success in life. The information he re<br />
ceives is held as confidential and nobody is ever the<br />
wiser except that the bank president is very apt to say<br />
a good word for the man about whose business he is<br />
well informed.<br />
A man may have an account with a bank for a long<br />
time without making the acquaintance of the officials.<br />
They are as much in a retail business as the fruit<br />
dealer on the corner, who has to be very careful that<br />
he is kind and pleasant to all the children to increase<br />
his business.<br />
The bank president will welcome you if you will<br />
drop in and hastily tell him some of the things you<br />
are engaged upon, how much money you intend to<br />
make and how you could borrow $1,000 to settle a<br />
wliole lot of bills and make a good cash discount that<br />
would pay the interest on the note. If you visit him<br />
frequently enough he will say you are not borrowing<br />
very much and that the bank has money and could<br />
raise you a thousand or two if you have a place where<br />
you could use it to advantage.<br />
IT IS TIME TO GET ACQUAINTED<br />
Do you know your bank officials? If not. why not?<br />
Stop in sometime and tell his highness, the president,<br />
that when you started you had a few dollars, the<br />
good will of your customers, good health and good<br />
training and that now you possess a whole lot of things.<br />
He may tell you that you have too much in stock or<br />
building and it is time for you to get some of your<br />
money out of old stock and into securities that will<br />
pav you a good income. He may go so far as to say<br />
that in your line of business, for the volume done,<br />
there should not be more than half the amount of<br />
monev you have tied up in your business in a town of<br />
the size in whicli vou are located.<br />
That is the time for you to sit up and take notice.<br />
Heed the advice and cash in on the old shopkeepers.<br />
The bank officials arc supposed to be pretty shrewd<br />
financial men and conversation with them should give<br />
AND STE A _ I FITTER SEPTEMBER 10, 1920<br />
• rial Page<br />
you some pointers about how you can liandle your<br />
business affairs so as to make them productive of more<br />
revenue.<br />
Set the Pay Day and Send the Bill<br />
T H E one purpose for which any man is business<br />
and working for the public is to make money. He<br />
cannot do it if he i.s careless about his books.<br />
When a customer is buying something it is time—the<br />
best time and the only time—to set the pay day. When<br />
the work is completed or the goods are delivered, it<br />
is nothing short of «a crime to neglect to send the<br />
bill so the customer will have it at the same time he<br />
has the pleasure of looking over his new purchase.<br />
That is the time when he is ready to consider he has<br />
made a good bargain and to be happily inclined to<br />
ward the man he owes money so that he will send<br />
along his cheek or drop in and pav the bill at once.<br />
The customer who has to wait and sometimes ask two<br />
or three times for his bill will eventually become dis<br />
gusted and, when he does get the bill, will be in the<br />
frame of mind to say, "Well, I had to wait for the<br />
bill; let him wait for the money." It makes no dif<br />
ference how long any man has worked during the day<br />
waiting on customers and taking care of their busi<br />
ness, it is too soon to quit and go to bed if there are<br />
any charges not on the book and tliere are any com<br />
pleted job for which the bill is not in the mail. The<br />
man who can take advantage of the price discount of<br />
fered by the wholesale houses is tbe man who collects<br />
closely.<br />
Adviser to the Consumer<br />
IT is very advantageous to occupy that position in<br />
the peoples' minds that brings all sorts of in<br />
quiries and enables the man to give that counsel<br />
which increases comfort or helps them out of all sorts<br />
of difficulties. When those who require service are<br />
recommended to see some popular tradesman as the<br />
best source for information, be is in an enviable posi<br />
tion. If he has all the qualifications that he should<br />
have to be entitled to such confidence, he will have<br />
his selling talent well developed so that with the in<br />
formation which he is able to give there will alwavs<br />
be an opportunity to furnish for the home some spe<br />
cial appliance he is pushing and to make many of his<br />
customers grateful to him.
SEPTEMBER 10, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM F<br />
News of the Traele Associations<br />
Western Trade Golfers at Riverside<br />
Large Gathering at Riverside Golf Club on Tuesday,<br />
August 31. Next Meet at Milwaukee<br />
A good crowd, numbering 45, answered the call<br />
for a pleasant day in the open, at the Riverside Golf<br />
Club, Riverside, 111., Tuesday. August 31. A qualifying<br />
round of 9 boles was played in the morning, and<br />
SOME OF THOSE PRESENT AT GOLF MEET<br />
Upper—A. J. Ewing, Driving Off.<br />
Left— H. E. Keeler at No. 1.<br />
Right—Paul Blatchford and H. W. Craig<br />
at noon an excellent lunch was served on the club<br />
house piazza.<br />
In the afternoon 12 foursomes were made up to participate<br />
in the 18-hole match play for the association<br />
cup, flight prizes and a special prize given by Dick<br />
Collings. This latter was played for in blind bogey<br />
between 75 and 100. Each player was allowed to<br />
choose his own handicap, but the winner, William<br />
Thompson, had the expert advice of Treasurer Joe<br />
Carroll, who told Bill to take 50, so that the vacuum<br />
cleaner was given to him.<br />
A. L. Miller got the Guest prize, with a net of 74,<br />
and Henry O'Callihan brought in a 67 net, which<br />
gave him the Association cup. J. M. Weil now has<br />
two legs on the Duffers' cup for shooting a 152 gross.<br />
E. W. Sanhorn<br />
L. B. Fulton .<br />
MORNING QUALIFYING ROUND<br />
Gross<br />
53<br />
55<br />
Handicap<br />
10<br />
12<br />
Net<br />
43<br />
43<br />
J. M. McDonald<br />
A. S. Lindeblad<br />
II. M. Sedgwick<br />
W. E. McColluni<br />
E. C. Garrity<br />
Harold Cross<br />
R. C. Flinder<br />
H. W. Craig .<br />
E. Buehler .<br />
H. E. Harper<br />
J. Claflin (guest)<br />
H. W. Evans<br />
S. Bloom (guest) .<br />
B. Nelson<br />
Frank Crumley<br />
Charles Bishop<br />
J. P. Dugger<br />
W. B. Dale<br />
A. L. Miller (guest)<br />
L. R. Tavlor<br />
H. B. JIason<br />
M. J. Czarnieeke<br />
A, J. Ewing<br />
William Bvrd<br />
If. Shaw<br />
J. T. Carroll<br />
N. H. Blatchford<br />
Paul Blatchford<br />
H. E. Keeler<br />
J. M. Weil<br />
Martin Weil<br />
Benjamin Weil<br />
Henry O'Callihan<br />
T. P.'Wade<br />
L. R. Ottke _<br />
iross<br />
16<br />
(i.5<br />
43<br />
62<br />
07<br />
CO<br />
15<br />
51<br />
. .50<br />
(i(i<br />
44.<br />
. 64<br />
59<br />
59<br />
. 52<br />
. 19<br />
. 53<br />
. 5(1<br />
. 37<br />
. 12<br />
. 48<br />
. 48<br />
. 45<br />
54<br />
50<br />
. 50<br />
. 54<br />
.. 54<br />
. 50<br />
77<br />
.. 66<br />
.. 67<br />
.. 54<br />
.. 53<br />
.. 45<br />
.. 55<br />
Handicaj<br />
3<br />
15<br />
7<br />
15<br />
15<br />
15<br />
11<br />
8<br />
9<br />
15<br />
5<br />
14<br />
15<br />
15<br />
15<br />
10<br />
12<br />
12<br />
3<br />
6<br />
5<br />
13<br />
5<br />
8<br />
10<br />
9<br />
11<br />
15<br />
15<br />
15<br />
13<br />
7<br />
6<br />
13<br />
317<br />
Net<br />
43<br />
50<br />
36<br />
53<br />
52<br />
45<br />
34<br />
43<br />
41<br />
51<br />
39<br />
50<br />
44<br />
44<br />
37<br />
39<br />
41<br />
38<br />
31<br />
37<br />
41<br />
42<br />
40<br />
41<br />
45<br />
42<br />
44<br />
45<br />
39<br />
62<br />
51<br />
5-2<br />
41<br />
46<br />
39<br />
42<br />
At 6:30, when everyone was cleaned up, smiling, and<br />
Joe Carroll had collected the necessarv ante, they<br />
J. fell E. to Sharpe and not a trace of the excellent dinner served<br />
in the club house dining room remained after 45 keen<br />
appetites had been satisfied.<br />
Bruce Fulton drew all eyes with a new green suit<br />
and it was decided that he would make a poor burglar<br />
in the disguise. In the absence of the officers, Past-<br />
President H. E. Keeler presided and awarded the<br />
prizes and then presented the names of the following,<br />
who were elected to membership with the usual one<br />
dissenting vote: C. O. Lindol, S. K. Bloom, Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
Halligan and Otto Deschauer.<br />
A rising vote of thanks was given to Mr. Mitchell,<br />
the host of the day, and the board of governors of the<br />
Riverside Golf Club.<br />
Captain E. W. Sanborn announced that the next<br />
meet would be held at the Blue Mound Golf Club,<br />
Milwaukee, Wis., September 21, through the courtesy<br />
of Mr. Sharp. He asked everyone to make a special<br />
effort to return the post card signifying the intention<br />
of being present so that proper arrangements could<br />
be made for a special car on the Chicago, North Shore<br />
& Milwaukee.<br />
AFTERNOON 18-HOLE MATCH PLAY<br />
Flight Gross<br />
1. IMiller - 80<br />
Flinder<br />
10 ~<br />
•Sedgwick<br />
86<br />
Tavlor<br />
93<br />
2. Buehler 98<br />
Crumlev - - 116<br />
andicap<br />
6<br />
21<br />
13<br />
10<br />
IS<br />
29<br />
Net<br />
74<br />
81<br />
73<br />
82<br />
80<br />
87
S48 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 10,<br />
Flight Gross<br />
Dale __ - _ -111<br />
*Keeler - 99<br />
3. Claflin _..._ 88<br />
Bishop - _ 98<br />
*Ewing 91<br />
Wade — 108<br />
4. Dugger _ _ — 102<br />
*Mason - 94<br />
J Bvrd O'Callihan<br />
104 92<br />
Czarneicki<br />
97<br />
Carroll<br />
97<br />
*Craig<br />
90<br />
Bloom<br />
124<br />
Sanborn .....<br />
S9<br />
Fulton<br />
105<br />
'McDonald .<br />
93<br />
Nelson N.<br />
127<br />
Blatchford,<br />
.....114<br />
Cross -<br />
P. _._<br />
*Shaw -<br />
*Evans Blatchford,<br />
Lindeblad Harper _<br />
_ 114<br />
95<br />
100<br />
- UT<br />
.120<br />
14-2<br />
Weil, M 124<br />
Garritv _...-,-<br />
147<br />
Weil, B - _ 1*3<br />
*McCollum _ -••••- 151<br />
10. | Weil, Thompson J - .._ _ 150 152<br />
Deschauer<br />
_ 178<br />
*Keeney<br />
.._ _._134<br />
Halligan .<br />
._ 177<br />
11.<br />
•Ottke _ -<br />
88<br />
12.<br />
Sharpe _...<br />
107<br />
Mohnson .<br />
91<br />
Bortner _... __ 108<br />
Barrows _<br />
._ _ 123<br />
* Flight Sine prize _ — winners.<br />
116<br />
t Association cup.<br />
|| Special prize.<br />
f Guest prize.<br />
idicap<br />
24<br />
r -i<br />
10<br />
20<br />
10<br />
14<br />
24<br />
14<br />
25<br />
25<br />
12<br />
16<br />
16<br />
30<br />
19<br />
24<br />
6<br />
30<br />
20<br />
30<br />
10<br />
17<br />
30<br />
27<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
12<br />
26<br />
16<br />
19<br />
30<br />
30<br />
Indiana Jobbers and Salesman's Auxiliary<br />
Meeting Held on August 27 to Explain Purpose<br />
of Organization to New Members<br />
Net<br />
87<br />
77<br />
78<br />
78<br />
81<br />
94<br />
78<br />
80<br />
79<br />
67<br />
85<br />
81<br />
74<br />
94<br />
80<br />
81<br />
87<br />
97<br />
94<br />
84<br />
85<br />
83<br />
90<br />
90<br />
112<br />
94<br />
117<br />
113<br />
121<br />
122<br />
120<br />
148<br />
104<br />
147<br />
76<br />
81<br />
75<br />
89<br />
93<br />
86<br />
The Indiana Jobbers and Salesman's Auxiliary met<br />
at the new plant of the Hall-Neal Furnace Co., at 1324<br />
North Capitol Avenue, Friday, August 27, at 8 o'clock<br />
p. m., to explain the purpose of the Auxiliary to its<br />
new members.<br />
The meeting was opened with President E. W. Norman<br />
in the chair. After several talks showing the<br />
advantage of an Auxiliary to the sheet metal contractors<br />
of the state as well as to the manufaeturing jobber<br />
and salesman, the president was instructed to appoint<br />
a chairman for an entertainment committee. Harry<br />
R. Jones was appointed and instructed to pick out<br />
his own help. J. M. Oliphant was appointed chairman<br />
of the membership committee.<br />
After 7 new members addressed the meeting it was<br />
voted to have a smoker on Friday night, October 1, at<br />
8 o'clock p. m., and every tinner, sheet metal worker<br />
and furnaceman in the city of Indianapolis is invited<br />
to enjoy the meeting and to have a speaker for the<br />
evening.<br />
All members present pledged themselves to have a<br />
membership of 100 in 60 days.<br />
It was voted to have the Auxiliary arrange an exhibit<br />
of merchandise of any manufacturer or jobber<br />
that wished to show his goods at the time of the Indiana<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' convention, and to ap-<br />
point a committee to take care of this part of the work.<br />
It is the purpose of the Auxiliary to sell space for a<br />
price to cover the expense of the convention only and<br />
it is not a money-making proposition.<br />
Changes in Du Pont Company<br />
The Minneapolis Paint Sales Office of the Du Pont<br />
Paint and Varnish Division will be discontinued, the<br />
business being transferred to the Chicago Consolidated<br />
Offices. Warehouse facilities, however, will be maintained<br />
at Minneapolis.<br />
The Du Pont company recently acquired the Chicago<br />
Varnish Co. A sales office has been maintained<br />
at 2100 Elston Avenue, Chicago, in charge of T. O.<br />
Bannister, to sell its products. This business will also<br />
be transferred to the Chicago Consolidated Offices.<br />
G. M. Breinig, manager of the Minneapolis sales<br />
office, will be transferred to headquarters at Wilmington,<br />
Dela., as Manager Trade Sales, Paint and Varnish<br />
Section of the Paint and Pigment Division.<br />
Charles A. Lynn will become Manager Sales Industrial,<br />
Paint and Varnish Section, Paint and Pigment<br />
Division.<br />
Gordon Barber, sales manager of the Paint and<br />
Varnish Division of the Chicago Consolidated Offices,<br />
has been transferred to Pittsburgh as Sales Manager<br />
of the Paint and Varnish Division of the Pittsburgh<br />
Consolidated Offices. T. O. Bannister, who has been<br />
handling sales of the products of the Chicago Varnish<br />
Co., will be transferred to the Chicago Consolidated<br />
offices as Sales Manager of the Paint and Varnish<br />
Division.<br />
Progressive Activity the Slogan of Cincinnati<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors<br />
The Cincinnati Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors held a dinner<br />
meeting at the Business Men's Club on Tuesday<br />
evening, August 26. The principal speaker of the<br />
evening was J. C. Greenburg of Peoria, 111., who took<br />
as his subject "Laws of Nature as Applied to Business."<br />
Mr. Greenburg's address was one of the most<br />
interesting ever heard by the members of the association<br />
and that it created great interest was attested to<br />
by the fact that the attendance of the members of the<br />
local was nearly 100 per cent of the total.<br />
Mr. Greenburg impressed on the members of the<br />
association the importance of knowing their goods,<br />
and gave illustrations from his own experience to drive<br />
home his points. He also gave a blackboard demonstration<br />
of some of the more important parts of his<br />
address, illustrating the connection between various<br />
branches of the sheet metal business. Mr. Greenburg<br />
also urged the importance of associations on the members<br />
present, and stated that in his opinion with a<br />
really high-class <strong>org</strong>anizer the state of Ohio could be<br />
<strong>org</strong>anized 100 per cent.<br />
After the principal address a general discussion was<br />
held on the sheet metal business generally, and it was<br />
decided that the Cincinnati local urge upon the Board<br />
of Directors of the State Association the advisability<br />
of appointing a paid secretary who would also act as<br />
<strong>org</strong>anizer. Another roofing concern applied for membership<br />
in the local, whicli makes about 15 new members<br />
secured within the past 2 months.
SEPTEMBEH 10, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM F<br />
Milwaukee Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors Meet<br />
Twenty Members in Attendance at Monthly<br />
Gathering on Friday, September 3rd<br />
The regularly monthly meeting of the Master Sheet<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Association of Milwaukee, Wis.,<br />
was held on Friday evening, September 3, with President<br />
Oscar A. Hoffman presiding. Twenty members<br />
were in attendance.<br />
The minutes of the meeting were read and approved.<br />
Secretary Edward Hoffman was instructed<br />
to make note in next month's notice of meeting that<br />
circulars for insurance report which were reqeived by<br />
the members should be filled out immediately and returned<br />
to Paul L. Biersaeh so that the committee will<br />
have something to work on.<br />
New York Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Men's Activities<br />
Letter Being Sent Out to Trade by Secretary of<br />
Roofers and Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>s' Organization<br />
Members of the sheet metal industry are receiving<br />
from Secretary Herman Weinberger of the Employers'<br />
Association of Roofers and Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>s<br />
of Greater New York, headquarters 30-34c West Thirty-third<br />
Street, the following letter:<br />
Americans are the equal of all progressive nations<br />
in the fine and liberal Arts, Finance, Sports, in fact,<br />
in every one of life's activities. They even excel in<br />
some.<br />
Would you like the American Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
to occupy a foremost position among the world's greatest<br />
mechanics ? If so, see to it that your apprentices<br />
will attend the sheet metal classes open for their benefit<br />
by the Board of Education, or any other sheet metal<br />
class conducted by approved private institutions.<br />
The course of instruction offered in the public<br />
schools would make a first-class mechanic of any ambitious<br />
young man. Remember, also, that there are<br />
many foreign young men serving their apprenticeship.<br />
By getting these boys to absorb the American spirit<br />
prevailing in these classes, you will not only help to<br />
acquire competent mechanics, but you will also help<br />
the great Americanization movement more than you<br />
can fathom.<br />
The apprentices have been notified when and where<br />
to register for admission. I look to you to encourage<br />
them on their way to become mechanics of whom we<br />
all can feel proud.<br />
Why not try to induce some of your mechanics who<br />
did not enjoy the advantages of a technical training,<br />
to also attend these classes.<br />
International Chamber of Commerce<br />
Headquarters<br />
The work of setting up the machinery of the newly<br />
<strong>org</strong>anized International Chamber of Commerce is now<br />
under way in the temporary headquarters at 33 rue<br />
Jean-Donjon, Paris. The permanent headquarters,<br />
which will be determined by the Board of Directors,<br />
will probably be located at the seat/ of the League<br />
of Nations.<br />
Dr. Edward Dolleans, professor of Political Economy<br />
at the University of Dijon, who is the temporary<br />
secretary-general of the International Chamber, is directing<br />
the work of putting the machinery in motion.<br />
He is being temporarily assisted by David A. Skinner,<br />
secretary of the Chamber of Commerce of the United<br />
States.<br />
The outlook for the business "League of Nations"<br />
is very promising, according to American delegates<br />
who have returned to the United States from the Paris<br />
conference, where the International Chamber was<br />
formed. They report that no more earnest group of<br />
men ever met for a greater cause than the 500 delegates<br />
from France, Italy, Belgium, Great Britain and<br />
the United States—the five foundation countries—who<br />
gathered for the purpose of building the machine<br />
which would set in operation to deal with commercial<br />
problems between the nations.<br />
American delegates point out that never before had<br />
the business interdependence of the world's commerce<br />
and the acute character of many of the pressing commercial,<br />
financial and economic problems been formally<br />
recognized. Nor had there even been such a<br />
serious and united effort made to find common ground<br />
on which unity of thought and action might take<br />
place.<br />
SNAPS TAKEN AT PICNIC OF CHICAGO PLUMBERS AT<br />
KOLZE, ILL., ON AUGUST 28<br />
Top—Alice Goesch, The Gorh;<br />
1. White. Center—The Sale<br />
349
350 METAL WOi-KER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FIT T E R SEPTEMBER 10, 1920<br />
Current Notes of All the Trades<br />
SHEET METAL AND FURNACE<br />
THE GUARANTEE RADIATOR WORKS, 111 Central<br />
Avenue, Newark, N. J., have been <strong>org</strong>anized to manufacture<br />
automobile radiators and other sheet metal<br />
products. Louis Gerber. 183 South Thirteenth Street,<br />
heads the company.<br />
THE KELL-PHILIPP Co., INC , Holliday and Center<br />
Streets, Baltimore, manufacturer of slieet metal products,<br />
has preliminary plans under way for a new one<br />
and two-story factory, 70x 165 ft., to cost about<br />
.$50,000.<br />
THE METALWARE CORPORATION, Two Rivers. Wis.,<br />
has been incorporated with a capital stock of $30,000<br />
to manufacture metal utensils, stamped, rolled, drawn<br />
and cast metal ware. The incorporators are William<br />
H. Ellis and Charles F. Kirst, both of Two Rivers.<br />
THE ILLINOIS METAL PROCESS CO. has leased a half<br />
block on Arthington Avenue, extending from Kilpatrick<br />
Avenue to the Belt Railway, Chicago. The property<br />
includes several brick buildings which, with additional<br />
structures to be erected, will be used in the manufacture<br />
of window sash weights and other metal<br />
products.<br />
THE KENTUCKY WAGON MANUFACTURING Co.,<br />
Louisville, Ky., R. V. Board, president, has announced<br />
the purchase of additional land, making 47 acres in<br />
the plant site. It is planned to erect larger sheet<br />
metal working shops and increase the drop f<strong>org</strong>ing,<br />
casting and other shops in order to increase production<br />
of automobiles.<br />
THE U. S. FOIL CO., Louisville, Ky., controlled by<br />
the Reynolds Corporation, tobacco manufacturers, has<br />
announced that a large addition will be made to its<br />
local tin foil plant, increasing floor space by 65,000 ft.,<br />
and number of employes. It is planned to have machinery<br />
installed and additions completed in 90 days.<br />
THE LOUISVILLE ALUMINUN & BRASS CO., a subsidiary<br />
of the Vendome Copper & Brass Works, is one of<br />
the new companies in Louisville, Ky., and is doing<br />
nicely. It is featuring casting work, especially aluminum,<br />
and plans later to handle much bigger work than<br />
at present. E. E. Sherman stated that the concern<br />
was getting a lot of automobile work and planned to<br />
even take up production of crank cases for autos.<br />
THE HOPKINS-LE FEVRE CO., Buhl Building, Detroit,<br />
Mich., has been appointed sales agents for the<br />
Bologh skylight for Michigan and Illinois. It reports<br />
that the skylight is meeting with wonderful success.<br />
It has contracts for ten theaters at the present time<br />
and is figuring on forty more to be erected in the<br />
early fall.<br />
THE PROBERT SHEET METAL CO. has offices and<br />
factory at 21 West Eighth Street, Covington, Ky.,<br />
and is ready to make anything in sheet metal. It has<br />
been incorporated with a capital stock of $50,000 and<br />
the officers are: President, J. B. Heizer; vice-president,<br />
J. A. Downard; secretary, O. J. Carpenter; and<br />
treasurer, and general manager, E. R. Probert. Mr.<br />
Probert was superintendent of the Moeschl-Edwards<br />
Corrugating Co. for 8 years and is well qualified to<br />
handle the extensive line of work that company manufactures.<br />
It includes cornices, skylights, ventilators,<br />
gutters, lockers, marquise, garages, metal roofing, windows,<br />
ceilings, shingles, tiles, fire and rolling doors.<br />
FIRE RECENTLY DESTROYED A PORTION of the plant<br />
of the Steiger & Kerr Stove & Foundry Co., 2201 Folsome<br />
Street, San Francisco, with loss estimated at<br />
$25,000.<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
THE PREST-O-LITE CO., Erie and Albany Street,<br />
Cambridge, Mass., has awarded contract to the Truscon<br />
Steel Co., 3.8 Sumner Street, Boston, for its proposed<br />
new acetylene plant on Erie Street, to cost about<br />
$100,000.<br />
THE GENERAL HEATING CORPORATION OF AMERICA,<br />
1172 Broadway, New York, manufacturer of heating<br />
apparatus, etc., has increased its capital from $150,000<br />
to $1,000,000.<br />
FROELICH BROTHERS, INC., 112 North Seventh<br />
Street, Philadelphia, manufacturer of pipe, fittings and<br />
plumbers' supplies, etc., has filed plans for a one-story<br />
building, 30 x 113 ft., to cost about $20,000.<br />
THE EDWARD SCHWARTZ MILL SUPPLY Co., INC., recently<br />
<strong>org</strong>anized at 520 Toulouse Street. New Orleans,<br />
La., has purchased the surplus valves, pipe, fittings,<br />
etc.. in the Southern district from the U. S. Shipping<br />
Board, and plans to embark in the general mill supply<br />
business on a large scale. The members of the firm are<br />
E. and I. Marx of A. Marx & Sons, and A. Deifenthal<br />
and L. Seidenbach of the Soutliern Scrap Material<br />
Co., New Orleans, and Edward Schwartz, president<br />
and general manager.<br />
THE HARTFORD HOME BUILDERS' ASSOCIATION has<br />
placed an order for 250 Kelsey generators to be used<br />
in high-class workmen's houses now being built in that<br />
city. The Kelsey generators are manufactured by the<br />
Kelsey Heating Co., Syracuse, N. Y., manufacturersof<br />
heating and ventilating apparatus.<br />
To PROVIDE FACILITIES for a greater production of<br />
"Ever Hot" soldering torches the capital stock of the<br />
Peterson-Plumnier Manufacturing Co., Mavwood 111.<br />
has been increased to $175,000. This new convenient<br />
tool for plumbers and sheet metal workers has just<br />
been put on the market by Belfrey & Craighead, 1528<br />
Tribune Building. Cliicago, 111.
SEPTEMBER 10, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Head of English Firm Coming Here<br />
Maurice Sutcliffe, the managing director of the Sutcliffe<br />
Ventilating & Drying Co., Ltd., Cathedral<br />
Gates, Manchester, England, is on his way to New<br />
York and expects to arrive by the S. S. Victoria early<br />
in September. Mr. Sutcliffe has only made one previous<br />
trip to this country and that was 16 years ago.<br />
His father, J. D. Sutcliffe, the founder of the business,<br />
is well known to the Eastern and Middle states<br />
and his host of friends will be glad to bear that although<br />
be has retired from active participation in the<br />
business, be is in splendid health and spirits. The<br />
firm is anxious to handle anything American that relates<br />
to fans, ventilating, warming or dry plant, so<br />
long as it is superbly good. It is willing either to<br />
buy outright or to work on royalty.<br />
Anvone wishing to communicate with Maurice Sutcliffe<br />
Anay address him at the main office of METAL<br />
WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER, 156 Fifth Avenue,<br />
New York City.<br />
Liberty Hot Water Heater<br />
The Liberty water lieater,<br />
manufactured by the Cooper<br />
Sanitary Manufacturing Co.,<br />
Philadelphia, Pa., is sliown in<br />
the accompanying illustration.<br />
A.s will be seen, this heater<br />
beats the water through the<br />
shell of the boiler itself on the<br />
old principle of the tea kettle<br />
on tbe stove. The shell of the<br />
water heater is of galvanized<br />
sheet iron entirely covering the<br />
combustion chamber of the<br />
burner and conducts the heat<br />
up along the side of range<br />
boiler. Complete information<br />
in regard to this lieater can be<br />
had by addressing the company.<br />
Oxweld Puts Out<br />
"Eveready" Book<br />
The new "Eveready ' instruction<br />
book put out recently<br />
by the Oxweld Acetylene Co.,<br />
3610 Jasper Place, Chicago,<br />
111., is one of the best treatises<br />
on everyday oxy-acetylene<br />
welding and cutting that has<br />
thus far been produced in the commercial literature<br />
of the industry.<br />
The little volume is a compact and handy brochure,<br />
5x8 in., containing 55 printed pages, inclusive of illustrations<br />
and drawings. It covers the field of everyday<br />
applications in a remarkably clear and concise<br />
treatment and in language that is easy for the beginner<br />
to grasp, and it is at the same time invaluable to the<br />
experienced welder and cutter. The booklet is distributed<br />
free.<br />
Memphis Heating and Plumbing Trade<br />
Lew Tisdale & Co. has the contract at Memphis<br />
for the plumbing on a big new brick warehouse for the<br />
Stratton Grocery Co.<br />
Al Pritchard, of Pritchard Bros., Madison Ave-<br />
nue, and a party of plumber associates enjoyed an<br />
August outing at Hardy. Ark., well equipped with<br />
hunting and fishing preserves and a popular place just<br />
across the river for Memphians who love outdoor sport<br />
1 ritchard Bros, do much of the plumbing business of<br />
Memphis, they report an active summer and outlook<br />
for a busy fall season.<br />
3.1<br />
Business and Economic Conditions<br />
The Federal Reserve Board, under date of September<br />
1, issued a review of general husiness and financial<br />
conditions throughout the several Federal Reserve Districts<br />
during the month of August, as contained in<br />
forthcoming issue of Federal Reserve Bulletin. It<br />
shows that continued readjustment of economic and<br />
business conditions generally has been characteristic<br />
feature of August. Indications are that transition<br />
period is nearing halt and that improvement of general<br />
situation is in sight.<br />
Chain Products Co. New Sales Manager<br />
A. B. Way, until recently secretary and general<br />
manager of the Bridgeport Chain Co., has become affiliated<br />
with the Chain Products Co., of Cleveland,<br />
Ohio, in the capacity of district sales manager for New<br />
England, with headquarters at the company's New<br />
York office, 150-152 Chambers Street.<br />
For many years prior to his identification with the<br />
chain industry, Mr. Way had been affiliated with various<br />
New England manufacturing institutions. During<br />
the great war, the importance of the chain industry<br />
was recognized by the War Industries Board to the<br />
extent of creating a separate Chain Division, under<br />
which was grouped all the manufacturers of chain of<br />
all kinds in the United States. Under this division,<br />
Mr. Way was elected chairman of the Board of Weldless<br />
Wire Chain Manufacturers. He carries with him<br />
the best wishes of his many friends in the industry<br />
for his complete success in his new undertaking.<br />
New York Evening Trade Schools<br />
Registration Dates<br />
The Board of Education, New York City, announces<br />
that five of the evening schools in which trade<br />
classes are conducted, will be open for registration<br />
on the evenings of September 13 to 17, inclusive, as<br />
follows:<br />
Murray Hill Evening High School, 237 East Thirtyseventh<br />
Street.<br />
Evening School No. 95, West Houston Street, near<br />
Hudson Street, Manhattan.<br />
Harlem Evening High School, 138th Street and Fifth<br />
Avenue, Harlem.<br />
Bushwick Evening High School, 400 Irving Avenue,<br />
Brooklyn.<br />
Evening School No. 5. Bridge and Tillery Streets,<br />
Brooklvn.<br />
Death of Alfred G. Hinderer<br />
Alfred G. Hinderer. 57 years of age, Louisville manager<br />
for Follansbee Brothers Co.. Cincinnati, large<br />
manufacturers and handlers of tin plate, lead, solder<br />
and tinners' and plumbers' lead product lines, died at<br />
Louisville on August 26, following an emergency operation<br />
for a tumor of the brain. Mr. Hinderer lived in<br />
Louisville for 25 vears. He was a native of Germany.
352 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM F IT T E R SEPTEMBER 10, 1920<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Summary<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets—Production and delivery<br />
better. Advances showing.<br />
Tin Plate—Bright plates more plentiful for trade needs<br />
and more roofing plates showing.<br />
Tin—Market fluctuating with little buying.<br />
Copper.—Demand sluggish, price firm.<br />
Zinc—Market neglected, weaker.<br />
Antimony—Sluggish and firm.<br />
Foundry Coke—Better supply. Price easier.<br />
Linseed Oil—Quiet and soft.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Light demand. Prices unchanged.<br />
Conflicting Influences But Prices Hold<br />
J~[T In other fields prices are coming down and buy-<br />
Ji ers naturally want reductions in the heating,<br />
plumbing and sheet metal lines but face advances.<br />
Freight rates are up, but, when applied to many small<br />
things, affect costs very slightly and the railroads are<br />
watching price advances that may be attributed to<br />
rates with determination to show up any profiteering.<br />
Coal prices have softened and coke, while holding, is<br />
expected to follow, but with demand good the movement<br />
is not rushing. Pig iron demand has slowed<br />
down and the peak is off. Labor is better in quantity<br />
and quality and service is improving, but continues<br />
high in cost.<br />
Goods in all lines are scarce and shipments delayed.<br />
With these conditions cost of production is still high,<br />
freight rates up and advances in cast iron and brass<br />
goods are expected. Jobbers' stocks are by no means<br />
well assorted and orders for out-of-town are seldom<br />
Scrap Iron, New York.— Most dealers are paying the<br />
filled readily if of any size. There is little to encour increase in freight rate and disposing of their scrap at a<br />
age the hope of builders .and the people for price re slightly lower figure.<br />
cessions and the tradesman who states the facts and<br />
hustles for the trade of those who can pay will be most<br />
successful.<br />
FOUNDRY PIG IRON<br />
New York.—The market is extremely dull with little<br />
iron available for immediate delivery and $52 seems to be<br />
the minimum of eastern Pennsylvania iron. Some controversy<br />
in reference to freight rates on Southern iron.<br />
We quote for delivery in the New York district as follows, the<br />
higher quotations being for prompt delivery and the lower for<br />
first half of 1920, except on Virginia • iron, ton which the two<br />
quotations are due to freight rates, one being at 40 per cent<br />
advance and the other at 33 1-3 per cent:<br />
East Pa., No. 1 fdv.. Sil. 2.75 to 3.25 $55.52 to $57.52<br />
East Pa., No. 2X fdy., 2.25 to 2.75 53.77 to 55.77<br />
East Pa., No. 2 fdy., Sil. 1.75 to 2.25 52.52 to 54.52<br />
Buffalo, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 54.46<br />
No. 2 Virginia, Sil. 1.75 to 2.25 55.87 to 56.16<br />
Philadelphia.—Tlie demand for foundry iron is mostly<br />
for small lots for prompt delivery. Inquiry for first half is<br />
noted but without haste to buy and sellers are not pressing.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered in consumers'<br />
yards in Philadelphia or vicinity, except those for low phosphorus<br />
iron, which are f.o.b. furnace:<br />
East Pa., No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil $52.25 to $52.54<br />
East Pa., No. 2X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 53.51 to 53.79<br />
Virginia No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil 56.72<br />
Chicago.—rhe market is generally quiet, foundries serving<br />
automobile industries have reduced output with result<br />
iron has gone to other melters. The demand for spot iron<br />
has fallen off notably because of heavy purchases before<br />
new freight rate became effective. A second Virginia furnace<br />
is taking first quarter orders at $50 base furnace.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered, at consumers'<br />
yards except those for Northern foundry, malleable and steelmaking<br />
irons, including low phosphorus, which are f.o.b. furnace<br />
and do not incluude a switching charge averaging 70c per ton.<br />
Northern coke, No. 1, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 last half $48.25<br />
Northern coke, No. 1 spot 48.25<br />
Northern coke foundry, No. 2, sil. 1.75 to 2.25<br />
last half 46.00<br />
Northern coke, No. 2 spot 46.00<br />
Southern coke, No. 1 foundry and No. 1 soft<br />
sil. 2.75 to 3.25 $50.92 to 51.87<br />
Southern coke, No. 2 foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.92 to 50.37<br />
Sounthern foundry, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 48.67<br />
Cleveland.— In spite of reduced consumption by automobile<br />
foundries furnaces are able to ship their output,<br />
though foundries generally are not buying for next year.<br />
We quote delivered Cleveland as follows, based on the new<br />
freight rates, these being a 56c switching charge for local iron, a<br />
$1.96 freight rate from Valley points, a $3.36 rate from Jackson and<br />
$6.67 from Birmingham.<br />
Basic $49.06<br />
Northern No. 2 fdv., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 50.56<br />
Southern foundry, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 48.67<br />
Ohio silvery sil. 8 per cent 63.36<br />
Cincinnati.— The market is extremely dull and resale<br />
iron is offered by foundries engaged on automobile work.<br />
There is good demand from the stove and implement<br />
foundries.<br />
Based on freight rates of $4.50 from Birmingham and $2.52<br />
from Ironton, we quote f.o.b. Cincinnati:<br />
Southern coks, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (base price) $46.50 to $47.50<br />
Southern coke, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 (No. 2 soft).... 47.50 to 48.75<br />
Ohio silverv, 8 per cent sil 62.52<br />
Southern Ohio coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (No. 2).... 48.52 to 49.52<br />
OLD MATERIALS<br />
Phices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are quoting to<br />
local foundries, per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $42.50 to $43.50<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building materials,<br />
etc.) cupola size 42.50 to 43.50<br />
No. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size 30.00 to 31.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators cast boilers, etc.) 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. diam., not under<br />
2 ft. long 19.50 to 20.00<br />
Stove plate 26.00 to 27.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago.— The general demand is quiet<br />
with cast scrap notably weak due to curtailed foundry<br />
operations.<br />
We quote delivery in consumers' yards, Chicago and vicinity,<br />
all freight and transfer charges paid, as follows:<br />
No. 1 cast 35.00 to $35.50<br />
Boiler punchings 26.50 to 27.00<br />
Locomotive tires, smooth 24.00 to 24.50<br />
Machine shop turnings 9.50 to 10.00<br />
Cast borings 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Stove plate 28.50 to 29.00<br />
Orate bars 28.50 to 29.00<br />
Brake shoes 25.50 to 26.00<br />
Railroad malleable 28.50 to 29.00<br />
Agricultural malleable 28.00 to 28.50<br />
Country mixed 17.00 to 18.00<br />
Scrap L-on, Pittsburgh.— Trading is on a much lio-hter<br />
scale and the market soft in some directions.<br />
We quote for delivery to consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh and<br />
other districts that take Pittsburgh freight rates as follows-<br />
Cast iron wheels $43.00 to $44.00<br />
Rolled steel wheels 31.00 to 32.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 16.50 to 17 00<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 24.00 to 25 00<br />
Heavy breakable cast ..., 37.00 to 38 00<br />
Stove plate 31.50 to 3200<br />
(ast iron bormgRs ' 20.50 to 2100<br />
Xo. 1 railroad wrought 33.00 to 34.00
SEPTEMBER 10, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 353<br />
WELDING AND CUTTING OUTFITS<br />
(Formerly tf/LQ&tOJlt(> Apparatus)<br />
SHORT CUTS to BIGGER PROFITS<br />
N all <strong>Metal</strong> Working Shops there are Many Short<br />
Cuts to Bigger Profits through the use of Eveready<br />
Welding and Cutting Outfits.<br />
Let us point out the Bigger Profits YOU can make,<br />
and now you ean make them with Eveready<br />
5 equipment.<br />
Designed for the manufacturing plant, garage,<br />
machine shop, boiler shop, contractor, plumber and<br />
steamfitter.<br />
EVEREADY apparatus and supplies are for sale<br />
in your locality. Fill in Coupon below for New<br />
Catalog, and the name and address of your nearest<br />
distributor.<br />
OXWELD ACETYLENE COMPANY<br />
(Eveready Apparatus Dipt.)<br />
3644 JASPER PLACE CHICAGO, ILL.<br />
WORLD'S LARGEST MAKERS OF OXY-ACETYLENE WELDING AND CUTTING OUTFITS<br />
OXWELD ACETYLENE COMPANY<br />
Eveready Apparatus Dept,<br />
361- Jasper PL, Chicago, 111.<br />
Please mail me Free of Charge your Nev?<br />
Eveready Catalog and address of your distributor<br />
in my locality.<br />
Name<br />
P. O. Address<br />
WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER when writing to advertisers<br />
OE-511
354 M E T A L W O R K E R , P L U M B E R A N D S T E A M FITTER SEPTEMBER 10, 1920<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York — Prices generally are a little<br />
lower this week and business very quiet. Dealers' buying<br />
prices are as follows:<br />
Cents<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible<br />
per lb.<br />
15.25<br />
'Upper, heavy and wire 14.25<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 12.75<br />
Brass, heavy 9.50<br />
Brass, light 7.00<br />
Heavy machine composition 15.00<br />
Xo. 1 yellow brass turnings 9.00<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turnings 12.25<br />
Lead. Heavv 7.50<br />
Lead, tea 5.00<br />
Zinc<br />
Old .<strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.— All metals are»quiet and tin,<br />
5.25<br />
lead and spelter have declined. Dealers' buying prices<br />
follow:<br />
Red brass $13.00<br />
Vellow brass, heavy 8.50<br />
Yellow lirass. borings 8.50<br />
Heavy wire 13.00<br />
Heavy copper 13.00<br />
Copper clips 13.00<br />
Copper bottoms 11.00<br />
Lead pipe 6.00<br />
Tea lead 5.00<br />
Tin foil 27.50<br />
Block tin pipe 32.50<br />
Zinc 4.00<br />
Pewter. Xo. 1 22.50<br />
Old Rubber.— There is still little movement in old rubber,<br />
buying covering only immediate needs. Prices in some<br />
instances are lower. Wholesale dealers' buving quotations<br />
are:<br />
Boots and shoes 5-_ to 6<br />
Trimmed Arctics 4'/, to 4^4<br />
Auto tires 2"4<br />
Bicvcle tires 1 to VA.<br />
Solid tires Iii to 2J_<br />
Xo. 1 inner tubes 11 to 12<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4J_<br />
Mixed Red scrap l_i to 2<br />
Mixed black scrap IK* to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose .4 to 154<br />
Garden hose<br />
3 A to 1<br />
Old Rags.—There is a fairly active tone to the old rags<br />
market<br />
are:<br />
and prices are strong.' Wholesale dealers' prices<br />
No. 1 whites $10.50 to $11.00<br />
No. 2 whites 5.50 to 5.75<br />
Thirds and blues 3.25 to 3.50<br />
Straight garments 2.00 to 2.10<br />
Hard back carpets 1.75 to 1.85<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Paper Stock.—An active demand is reported in the<br />
paper stock market and higher prices are expected. Wholesale<br />
dealers' buying quotations for Xew York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $3.15 to $3.25<br />
Crumpled news 2.10 to 2.20<br />
New York, September 10, 1920.<br />
SHEETS AND METALS<br />
New York, Sept. 10, 1920.<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets.—The pig iron that has<br />
been used in the production of sheets has heen at a higher<br />
cost than ever before in this country and with the training<br />
of the workers and the higher wages the strength in the<br />
price seems likely to continue. Some advances are being<br />
shown in spite of the desire of the buyer influenced by the<br />
trend in textiles and other entirely different commodities.<br />
Productions and deliveries are better and the effect of<br />
higher freights is exerting an influence for higher prices.<br />
Tin Plate.— Buyers of bright plate are exacting in their<br />
demands with some betterment of conditions for supplying<br />
them. Notwithstanding the high price as compared witli<br />
former times, roofing plates are receiving an interested attention.<br />
There are now two kinds of 40-lb. coated plates on<br />
BURT<br />
FAN VENTILATORS<br />
Are especially designed to provide a rapid change of<br />
air, quickly removing foul air and poisonous fumes.<br />
This renders them particularly efficient under the<br />
most difficult conditions such as are common in black<br />
smith shops, rubber factories, foundries, laundries, etc.<br />
Burt Fan Ventilators are made in eight sizes, from 30<br />
to 72 inches. They are fully equipped with ball bear<br />
ings and operate on 14 to % horsepower.<br />
Our Engineering Department is<br />
at the service of those who have<br />
difficult engineering problems.<br />
The Burt Manufacturing Co.<br />
300 MAIN STREET AKRON, OHIO<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. Reed & Co., Montreal,<br />
Sole Manufacturer of "Burt" Ventilators for Canada
SEPTEMBER 10, 1920 M E TAL WORKER, PI. U M B E R A N D S T E A ..I FIT T E R<br />
the market, the newer one adhering more closely to Government<br />
specifications.<br />
Copper.—The present prices are holding remarkably<br />
firm and having shown no shrinkage under the conditions of<br />
several dull months they are expected to show an advance of<br />
increased activity. Mill orders for either brass or copper<br />
sheets are delayed in delivery.<br />
Tin.— Thc fluctuations in the market are discouraging<br />
purchases except for immediate needs and they have a downward<br />
tendency.<br />
Lead.— The lead market is quiet with consumers sliowing<br />
some interest in the Australian and Mexican metal which<br />
is offered at Y2c below the market. The metal is selling<br />
lower in New York than at producing centers and the jobbing<br />
districts.<br />
Zinc.—Some buyers are of the opinion that the strength<br />
of the zinc market has had its run but with a dull market<br />
price are holding and any activity of buyers is likely to<br />
be met with continued firmness.<br />
Antimony.— Tbe demand is good and buyers are likely<br />
to meet an advance on increased activities.<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgh.—Although some makers have<br />
noted a slight falling away in new inquiries in the past week<br />
or so, the more general report is that buyers are as insistent<br />
for supplies as they have been at any "time recently. Tin<br />
plate shipments West have been helped by the fact that box<br />
cars going into the grain belt have been made available for<br />
loading. This, however, does not help out the position of<br />
the Eastern makers of containers and they are still striving<br />
earnestly to get a place on the books of makers. It is<br />
claimed that no trouble whatever would be experienced by<br />
makers in obtaining $8.50 per base box for production tin<br />
plate for last quarter shipment, and that even $9 might be<br />
obtained. It is noted, however, that the recent inquiry for<br />
200,000 base boxes for fourth quarter shipment was not<br />
placed because the buyer would not go above $8. Mill<br />
stocks are very much lighter than they have been, but an<br />
makers are several months behind in tbeir quotas.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgli.—In general the market does not<br />
appear to be as strong as it was recently, because the decline<br />
in the specifications of the automobile industry has<br />
been progressive, and this has made it possible for a number<br />
of makers to give more attention to orders for other finishes<br />
and make better deliveries against such lines. The story<br />
still is current that 10c or higher has been done on galvanized<br />
sheets, but when run down it is found that delivery in<br />
four to six weeks is guaranteed and that only small tonnages<br />
are involved. In a general way, the prompt market<br />
in this class of material from independent mills is quotable<br />
from 9c to .50c. The market in the heavier gage, of blue<br />
annealed sheets is affected by competition from plate<br />
makers and black sheets are not running so high in price<br />
as they did recently because in the case of some companies<br />
the bulk of the business was in automobile tonnage which<br />
has been held up.<br />
NOTES ON PRICES<br />
Linseed Oil.—The linseed oil is still dull, although improvement<br />
is anticipated. Prices are lower. In lots of 5<br />
bill, and over, city raw American seed is quoted at ,$1.25<br />
and out-of-town raw American seed is quoted at $1.35. In<br />
lots of less than 5 bbl., 3c more per gallon is asked. Boiled<br />
oil brings 2c more per gallon than raw oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.— The tone of tbe spirits of turpentine<br />
market is weaker and quiet. In machine barrels in<br />
yard, wholesale price is $1.49 per gallon.<br />
Rosin.— Demand in the rosin market continues dull and<br />
prices have declined. On the basis of 280 lb. to the barrel,<br />
the wholesale price of common-to-good strained is $13.00.<br />
Grade D is $13.00.<br />
Iron and Steel Pipe.— Conditions show no material<br />
change from those of a week ago except for the fact that<br />
there no longer is much speculative, or what has been known<br />
in the trade as "boot legging" demand, for oil country pipe.<br />
.Movement of this class of pipe from Pittsburgn and Youngs-<br />
Even Water Costs Money These Days<br />
Watrous Duojet Closets, Using Less<br />
Water, Have a Powerful Sales Advantage<br />
Each time a Watrous closet is finished the<br />
work is thoroughly done on 2 to 3 gallons<br />
less water than an ordinary closet would<br />
use.<br />
In a year's time where there are many<br />
closets in the Iiuilding the money-saving is<br />
tremendous.<br />
The Watrous principle is simple and exclusive.<br />
'Iwo powerful converging jets insure<br />
Send for catalog.<br />
immediate thorough flush with no delay in<br />
action. No water is wasted in building up<br />
a siphon. A positive water seal is always<br />
left in the bowl. Watrous Duojet closets<br />
have no zig-zag passages to clog.<br />
The Imperial Brass Mfg. Co<br />
1223 W. Harrison St. Chicago, HI.<br />
town mills has benefited materially by the placement of 00<br />
cars daily for such shipments. The National Tube Co. has<br />
not materially reduced its accumulated stocks, save possibly<br />
at its Lorain, Ohio, works, which has benefited by the availabilty<br />
of cars going to thc lake ports loaded with coal.<br />
Shipping conditions at the Wheeling works of this company,<br />
and for that matter at other plants in that district, still are<br />
bad, and at its McKeesport plant, congestion is so acute<br />
that it may soon be necessary to again curtail operations.<br />
Storage space for butt-weld pipe is said to be nearly exhausted.<br />
Foundry Coke.—'llie market showed some strength<br />
over the latter part of the week due to a falling away in<br />
the car placements, which affected production, and also to<br />
some extent demands occasioned by fears of a decline in<br />
oven output as a result of the Labor Day holiday. The<br />
market moved up to a minimum of .$17.50 per net ton, oven,<br />
for furnace grade, and some business was done as high as<br />
,$1S. The fears about the effect of the holiday upon oven<br />
operations, however, appear to have been unfounded, and<br />
since the car placement to-day was a liberal one, there was<br />
a flood of offerings which wiped out the advance of the<br />
latter part of last week. A few sales were reported early<br />
to-day at $17.50, but later producers and brokers freely<br />
were "offering tonnages at that figure, and saies were made<br />
down to $17. Free offering of foundry coke remains comparativelv<br />
light, and selected fuel is moving fairly promptly<br />
at the usual premium of $1 per ton above the price of furnace<br />
grade. Almost nothing is being done in contracts for<br />
either the last quarter of this year or the first quarter or<br />
half of next year. The fact that the coal requirements both<br />
of New England and the Northwest has been pretty welt<br />
met, and the belief that if there is an extension of the order<br />
directing coal to these districts after September 21, it will<br />
be considerably modified encourages expectations of lower<br />
coal prices, and it is figured that coal cannot drop much<br />
without affecting the price of coke.
356 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 10, 1920<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide ranges in<br />
price continue.<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks.<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sufficiently heavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticable<br />
to name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over<br />
99% pure, in ingots for remelting,<br />
100-lb. lots—37 to 39c.<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb.<br />
9c to 10c<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET—<br />
Base price Nominal<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4.50<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
Corrugated—<br />
Round or Square—<br />
Galvanized steel 30%<br />
Toncan or ingot 15%<br />
Copper 10%<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe-<br />
Galvanized 20%<br />
Spiral Riveted—<br />
Galvanized On application<br />
(See also elbows and shoes;<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers,<br />
Conductor.)<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.)<br />
COPPER—<br />
Lake ingot 21-21 1 5 in 4.25 4.05 3.00 ROSIN—<br />
Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
5J. in 4.90 4.50 3.50 Common to good strained (whole private brands very according to<br />
6 in 5.05 4.75 4.00 sale), 280 lbs., per bbl $13.60 composition.<br />
7 in 6.50 7.50 SHEETS—<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES—<br />
ELBOWS AND SHOES—<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
Yaeger's Salts:<br />
Galvanized Steel-<br />
Cents per lb. 1-lb. cans, each 60<br />
Plain Round and Corrugated- No. 10, per lb 6.50-8.10 5-lb. cans, each $3,00<br />
All sizes up to 6 in 50% .40% No. 12, per lb 6.55-8.15 A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
Square—<br />
N'o. 14, per lb 6.60-8.20 Gallon $1.25<br />
Square<br />
No. 16, per lb 6.70-8.30 12-gal. Carboy 90c per gallon<br />
Copper-<br />
No. Black— One Pass. C. R. (Jug and carboy extra)<br />
All sizes Net List No.<br />
Soft Steel Callahan's Non-Corrosive, per<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings- No. 18 to<br />
per lb 8.90-10.90<br />
20, per lb 8.80-10.80 gal $1.75<br />
Standard list..Prices on application No. 22 to<br />
per lb 8.95-10.95<br />
24, per lb 8.S5-10.85 SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
No. per lb 9.00-11.00<br />
Per lb. in 300-lb. lots 50c<br />
LEAD—<br />
No. per lb 9.05-11.05<br />
In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
American Pig, per lb. ..lie to 11_!C<br />
No. per lb 9.25-11.25<br />
per lb.<br />
Bar, per lb 12c to Ioc<br />
No. and lighter, 36 wide,<br />
Wellsville<br />
In lots of less than 100 lbs., ad<br />
METAL LATH—<br />
10c higher<br />
tin 20 gaug<br />
vance 4c per lb.<br />
Under 100 sq. yd. per sq. yd. 40c<br />
Polished—<br />
STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR—<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.— than 500<br />
11.60<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
Leads—<br />
id 24 gauge 11.70<br />
Copper $2.80 $3.75 $5.75 $9.00 dz.<br />
Lead, American White, in Oil, 26 gauge 11.80<br />
Galv 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 dz.<br />
kegs less than 500 lbs., 15J/2c 28 Nos. gauge 12.00<br />
TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. Galvanized—<br />
No.<br />
Straits, pigs per lb 52c<br />
pails; add to keg price 'Ac<br />
Nos.<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
Straits, in bars, per lb 57c to 62c<br />
Lead, Red, in Oil, less<br />
Nos. 12 and 14 9.10-11.10<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
lbs., 15c<br />
No. 16 9.25-11.25<br />
Charcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
>_c Dry Colors-<br />
No. 18 and 20 9.40-11.40<br />
N. B.—The price of 14 x 20<br />
Electrolytic 20-21c Red Venetian, American,<br />
No. 22 and 24 9.25-11.55<br />
"AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
Casting 19|i-20c<br />
Per 100 lbs., 2'/, to 5c No. 26 9.70-11.70<br />
IC, 14x20 $16.50<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
No. 27 9.85-11.85<br />
IX, 14 x 20 18.75<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00 28 10.00-12.00<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 , 20.50<br />
lb., 29J_C mill.<br />
48 in. Red, per ton 35.00 40.00 30 10.50-13.00<br />
IXXX, 14 x 20 22.25<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 lb. to lots Oils-<br />
28 and lighter, 36 in. wide,<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
and over.<br />
96.in. Linseed City Raw $1-25<br />
20c higher<br />
"A" Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per sq. ft. lb. Linseed, Boiled, advance, per Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized—<br />
IC, 14 x 20 $14.25<br />
advance.<br />
7c gal 2c 2J_ in. corrugations, 30 per 100 lbs.<br />
IX, 14 x 20 16.25<br />
Colled Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier 6c Out of Town American Seed over flat sheets.<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 18.00<br />
per lb. advance over hot rolled. 9c at .1-25 Corrugated Roofing—Painted-<br />
IXXX, 14x20 19.75<br />
Polished— 48 Flats, in. 24 oz. Spirits Turpentine—<br />
Prices quoted on application.<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 21.50<br />
per Iong lb 38c In Machine Bbl $149 2H-in. Corrugation<br />
Coke Plates, Bright-<br />
96. and in.<br />
PUTTY—<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
less Over<br />
Pure tubs, 120 lbs., per lb 4.50c No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
80-lb $11.80<br />
sq. ft 96. in.<br />
In 1-lb to 5-lb. tins, 6.00 to 7.35c No. 26, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
90-lb 11.90<br />
10 in. wide and under 6c sq. ft.<br />
REGISTERS—<br />
No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
100-lb 12.00<br />
10 in. to 36 in. wide... 5c 6c<br />
Cast Iron 10% SLATE ROOFING—<br />
IC 12.25<br />
Over 36 in. wide 8c 7c<br />
Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for F. O. B. cars, Quarry Station.<br />
IX 13.25<br />
Planished, lj_c per sq. ft. more 8c<br />
25% White Japan or Electro plate and<br />
Per Square<br />
IXX 14.25<br />
than Polished.<br />
.40% Small Faces and Borders ....20%<br />
According<br />
IXXX 15.25<br />
Bottom, Pitts and<br />
Wall Frames 20% Pennsylvania— to size<br />
IXXXX 16.25<br />
base and heavier,<br />
Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00<br />
Terne Plate-<br />
Tinning—<br />
larger 40% No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9.00<br />
Small lu.s, 8-lb. Coating:<br />
long<br />
Base Board Registers 20% Pen Argyl 7.75 to 8.25<br />
100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
and<br />
Base Board Intakes 20% Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50<br />
IC. 14 x 20 9.50<br />
less<br />
White Enameled Goods 5% No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75<br />
IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
sq. ft.<br />
Solid Brass or Bronze Goods, ex Vermont—<br />
IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c<br />
cept Grilles Net No. 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50<br />
squared:<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c<br />
Grilles in Black and White Japan Unfading Green 6.50 to 13.50<br />
12-lb. Coating $11.50<br />
Over 48 in. wide 7c<br />
or Electroplate in Cast Iron Plain Red 22.00<br />
15-lb. Coating 11.75<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
Lattice, Design. Smaller than Maine—<br />
20-lb. Coating 12.25<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot,<br />
14 x 14 in.,<br />
Brownsville, Unfading Black,<br />
30-lb. Coating 13.50<br />
Galvanized steel<br />
Walter's Prices and on application Cooper's No. 1 <strong>Metal</strong> Shingles $14.00<br />
35-lb. Coating 14.25<br />
Copper 10% ROOFING MATERIAL—<br />
Slaters felt, 30-lb roll 2.00<br />
M. F. Grade 13.50<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS— 1-Ply Tarred Paper, per ton,<br />
40-lb. roll 2.25<br />
40-lb: Coating 15.00 to 15.50<br />
Lap or Slip Joint, The 10% above list.<br />
$102.00 SOLDER—<br />
WASTE COTTON—<br />
CHARCOAL STOVE PIPE<br />
per roll, 108 sq. ft. '.. to .'., guaranteed 38c<br />
The<br />
ELBOWS-<br />
2-Ply Tarred Paper $1.60 No. ! 35c<br />
Per lb. in 5-lb. bags 22c<br />
Shingles<br />
NO. 1 No. 2 No. 3 3-Ply Tarred Paper 2.00 Refined 30c<br />
ZINC SHEETS— Shingles<br />
That Last<br />
Western Slabs 10-llc<br />
4 in $4.00 $3.90$ 2.75 Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
Sheets That No. 9 base Last casks U'/iC<br />
Wi in 4.10 3.95 2.85<br />
Prices on application<br />
The Most Complete Roofing Line Pitch, of Designs per ton $30.00 The Best Material, Workmanship and Finish<br />
Open Made per in lb Painted Tin or 15c Genuine Be-dipped G alvanized Tin<br />
Sold at the light price May we send you full-size samples and prices?<br />
National Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Roofing Co.<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTE<br />
339-345 Grand Street<br />
JERSEY CITY, N. J.
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
The Magazine fox<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
FI.UKAL PARK, X. Y., SEPT. 17, 1920<br />
W^wm<br />
Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
VOLLME 91, Xo. 12<br />
Price Cutter, Fool or Knave, Not Salesman<br />
The Special Importance of a Proper Regard for Merchandising<br />
as the Balance Wheel of Your Business—Nothing Costs So<br />
Little as Salesmanship or So Increases Profits<br />
The Sweetness of Low Prices Is Soon F<strong>org</strong>otten But<br />
the Bitterness of Low Quality Is Always Bemembered<br />
US1NESS is not far different from an<br />
B ciently when fully loaded with just<br />
enough overload to'keep up the pace. When<br />
business is good, affording the opportunity<br />
of keeping work in front of all employees<br />
with just enough extra work on hand to<br />
slightly crowd all hands from the boss<br />
down, labor efficiency reaches its maximum<br />
and profits are proportionately greater. If<br />
this condition prevailed the year round,<br />
everything would be peaches and cream.<br />
The hard actual fact is that it does not obtain, except<br />
in a very few instances, for more than a part of<br />
each year. Contracts as well as jobbing are to a large<br />
extent seasonable and between occur the dull periods.<br />
When the evidences of a shortage of work appear<br />
on the horizon, there also comes the great temptation<br />
to which, very, very unfortunately a large portion of<br />
tlie trade succumb, to take on work at little or no<br />
profit in order to hold the men for rush seasons. This<br />
is not only unfortunate but an extremely bad practice<br />
as it brings on an unhealthy condition in business,<br />
often resulting in a direct loss on the work, a break<br />
in the morale of the men, bad feeling among competitors,<br />
the ill effects of which, in some instances, extend<br />
over a period of months or years.<br />
UNDER-BIDDING A SELF-DESTROYING CRIME<br />
Again there is the practice of under-bidding. By<br />
that is meant the contractor, in estimating to get the<br />
work, takes, as you might say, "pot luck'' on the<br />
chance of breaking a little better than even. This<br />
is so prevalent as to be one of the most<br />
serious weaknesses of the trade, and the<br />
reasons ascribed for so doing are amazing<br />
or ridiculous, as you choose. The effect<br />
of this under-bidding is felt by the trade<br />
in every community at various times and<br />
in some it prevails year in and year out.<br />
Apparently there i.s always some shop<br />
out for a job or, for some imaginary reason,<br />
think they must have the next job, so<br />
they rush in blindly to get it at any price.<br />
The fact that in many cases they face a<br />
direct loss on the work seems to be as unin .portant to<br />
them as one more flea to a mangy dog. This attitude<br />
and practice is so common as to amount to plain stupidity.<br />
There is no other logical deduction that can<br />
be drawn.<br />
The best argument advanced is that it is often necessary<br />
to resort to price cutting in order to keep the<br />
men busy. To accept that as justification of the act<br />
you have to be endowed like the neighbor of a much<br />
over-worked and financially embarrassed father of a<br />
debutante daughter. The latter had just returned<br />
from a normal college qualified as a teacher, but<br />
consistently occupied with the powder puff and mirror<br />
wliile "mother dear" did the housework. The neighbor<br />
in a casual conversation with the father remarked<br />
tliat although prices bad gone up, the daughter having<br />
finished her studies would be self-supporting, thus affording<br />
him some relief. Tlie parent smiled wanly<br />
and replied: "Heavens, but I wish I was endowed<br />
with your faith." Therefore, if you wish to justify<br />
price cutting to kee)) busy, advance any reason and
338 , METAL WORKER, P.I. U M<br />
create any work. Certainly it did not, but it did keep<br />
the fellows who indulged in it so busy in trying to<br />
pull even that their eyes were filled with sweat which<br />
blinded them to opportunities and kept them in total<br />
ignorance of their business.<br />
There are always two roads (even in South Carolina<br />
they have two, one for negroes and dogs and the<br />
other for wliite folks), and if you are to travel the<br />
right road in business, you must know your own<br />
business.<br />
Take that same community. The fact that all the<br />
men were kept busy proves that there was enough<br />
work in there to keep them busy, does it not? Now,<br />
instead of cutting prices, we will assume that these<br />
shops all understand tbe opportunities of the merchandising<br />
end of their business and push that branch as<br />
well as the others. That means at least 10 salesmen<br />
in the field coming in contact with from 10 to 100 customers<br />
each working day, each salesman alert for an<br />
opportunity to sell something in his line. Then there<br />
are a tliousand and one items which will not only net<br />
him a profit but require a mechanic to install.<br />
Is there any doubt that those 10 men will sell a lot<br />
of goods and a lot of service? Does it require a vivid<br />
imagination to foresee that to the work done in that<br />
community under the prevalent price cutting could<br />
have been added all the extra work of installing the<br />
goods sold in pushing the merchandising end of their<br />
business? Therefore you can see that if the trade had<br />
not been stampeded through ignorance of their own<br />
business into grabbing the jobs that all of this work<br />
would have been done at a fair profit? Better work<br />
would result and all concerned be proportionately<br />
benefited.<br />
Merchandising, if properly pushed, is the balance<br />
wheel of your business which will to a great extent<br />
smooth over the slack periods in the other branches.<br />
Go through the pages of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER<br />
AND STEAM FITTER and scan the advertisements for<br />
articles which will sell in your town. Every issue offers<br />
opportunities to you. Make it a practice to keep<br />
this wheel working the year around; it is easy and<br />
profitable and will help you find<br />
THE PATH THAT LEADS<br />
TO MONEY (N THE BANK<br />
The Six Best Cellars<br />
*Bv FORREST CRISSEY<br />
TVT O; they're not the ones you're thinking of—but<br />
they're even better examples of preparedness.<br />
As I see it, the six best cellars in America will be<br />
the half dozen first to receive their stocks of coal for<br />
tlie winter of 1920-1921.<br />
Being among those authors who have never had the<br />
ER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 17, 1920<br />
have faith that it is a good one. Do not indulge luck to in commit that crime against lofty literary stan<br />
facts as they will ridicule it.<br />
dards known as a Best Seller, I've made up my mind<br />
ALWAYS WORK FOR ALL WHO HUSTLE<br />
to achieve something like that distinction if I have to<br />
take no end of poetic license in any spelling to do so.<br />
Take for example any community. If price cutting As I see it. the path to that distinction is so plain that<br />
has prevailed and the men of the various shops have a wayfaring man. though a writer, need not miss it.<br />
thereby been kept busy, then it is not a perfectly sim And the legend on the guide-post is that old, hackple<br />
and logical deduction as well as a fact to state that neyed and abused bit of advice: "Buy Early and<br />
there was work enough in that community to keep all Avoid the Rush."<br />
the men busy in any case? Cutting prices did not<br />
NEXT SEASON'S COAL SUPPLY<br />
Yes; I'm committed to the program of putting in<br />
mv coal for next season about the time the trees begin<br />
putting on early spring veils of tender green and the<br />
robins begin to appear on the lawn instead of in the<br />
newspapers.<br />
Why this sudden passion for previousness?<br />
I'll admit that forehandedness has never been my<br />
favorite vice. However, I can learn a few things<br />
from Experience if Fm hit often and hard enough in<br />
the same place.<br />
And when it comes to that I don't flatter myself that<br />
•Fm marvelously different from the general run of<br />
folks. As Will Payne says: "We're all so much<br />
alike !"<br />
Tliere are lots of things that I like to buy and to<br />
buy them before they're actually needed. But coal<br />
has never been one of them. And when a strike and<br />
an empty coal bin compelled a few painful reflections<br />
on this subject I concluded that my attitude was disgustingly<br />
common—as common, for example, as good<br />
intentions or paving bricks.<br />
When you come to think of it, isn't it a silly custom<br />
to wait ntuil you need to throw coal on the fire before<br />
you put it into your bin? Are we as silly and improvident<br />
about anything else that we know we must<br />
have? I think not.<br />
THE VALUE OF PROTECTION<br />
To my chastened and regenerated view of this subject<br />
there is just as much reason for buying coal as<br />
there is for buying life insurance in advance of actual<br />
consumption. In the first place it comes cheaper that<br />
way. Besides, you have the benefit of the protection,<br />
and I'll leave it to any shivering fellow-sufferer from<br />
the late lamented coal famine whether a knowledge of<br />
being fully protected against the repetition of that experience<br />
isn't worth real money.<br />
How did we happen to get caught in that kind of<br />
a trap?<br />
Because we followed the fashion of putting in our<br />
coal at the same time everybody was doing it and doing<br />
it at about the same instant. The result was a jam<br />
that created a tactical situation that any ambitious<br />
labor leader would have taken advantageous of in his<br />
sleep.<br />
The main plea of the striking miner was: "This is<br />
a seasonal occupation; we must crowd our year's work<br />
into a few months." And he told the truth too.<br />
But that plea would lose a lot of pep if every man<br />
able to do so would put in his coal for next winter in<br />
the season of summer heat, mosquitoes and outdoors<br />
swimming.<br />
'Copyright, 1920, by'The Retail Coalman. ] n c
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920 M E T A I, WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEA.M FITTER<br />
VIEW OF SHOWROOM OF A MERCHANT MECHANIC WHO HAS BEEN BITTEN BY THE GINGER BUG OF MERCHANDISING<br />
Path That Leads to Money in the Banl.<br />
You Should Catch the Merchandising Germ—It Will Not Hurt<br />
You and Will Be of Great Benefit to You in Your Business<br />
H O W many furnaces do you sell each year in your<br />
territory—5 or 500? Don't you want to sell<br />
more? You can do it by using the many merchandising<br />
and sales ideas which are at your disposal.<br />
You wouldn't buy a horse from a photograph; neither<br />
can you expect your prospective customers to buy<br />
furnaces from a catalog when some other enterprising<br />
fellow has them on display so that the buyer can<br />
see just what he is getting, and with an explanation<br />
of just what the furnace will do and how. He is the<br />
man that's getting the business.<br />
It is up to every furnaceman to wake up, take a<br />
leaf from his book and sell furnaces, not merely install<br />
them. Department stores are seeing a profitable<br />
future in furnaces, and, in many places, are adding<br />
them to their already extensive lines.<br />
The furnaceman with his superior knowledge can<br />
make bigger sales by selling the goods with service,<br />
and, by co-operation with all the forces in the field,<br />
can work toward the common end of more sales and<br />
better heating jobs.<br />
The manufacturers aim to produce a more efficient<br />
furnace as a result of the tests being conducted at<br />
the University of Illinois, and the furnace and sheet<br />
metal men, through their trade development plan<br />
presented at the recent Peoria convention, expect to<br />
make more sales.<br />
The future for furnaces is very bright, and the most<br />
3.J9<br />
efficient heating system possible will result through<br />
the co-operation of the manufacturer and installer<br />
along merchandising lines.<br />
If the furnaceman intends to be the big seller in<br />
his town, he must follow the department store plan<br />
and put furnace displays on his floor and in his showwindow<br />
to attract the prospect, and then by courteous<br />
attention and proper sales talk secure his interest.<br />
Begin at the beginning—dust up, scrub up and paint<br />
up. Make the store attractive—so that people will<br />
want to come in. Then get a display which has some<br />
action so that a crowd will collect. Every furnace<br />
manufacturer is willing to help because it will help<br />
their sales.<br />
The dealer's greatest asset, the show-window, is<br />
being neglected, and to get warm-air furnaces before<br />
the public every space should be made to work. This<br />
will help reduce the overhead, and that is what every<br />
business man wants.<br />
A suggestive window display which has been arranged<br />
_o help dealers by the Buck Stove & Range<br />
Co., St. Louis, Mo., is shown in an accompanying<br />
cut' It takes about one day to put in, and under test<br />
it has been the best business-getter that the company<br />
has developed. It stops people because there is action.<br />
The ash-pit section on the left having a water<br />
(Continued on Page 369)
360 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM EITTER SEPTEMBER 17, l»*u<br />
The Hazard of the Defective Chimney<br />
Model Chimney Ordinance Drawn for the National<br />
Board of Fire Underwriters to Reduce Heavy Fire Losses<br />
CONSERVATION of fuel and of buildings was 6. Chimneys shall not rest upon or be carried by<br />
the purpose of the insurance interests in having wooden floors, beams or brackets or be hung from<br />
its consulting engineer, Ira H. Woolston, draft wooden rafters. Iron brackets or stirrups attached<br />
an ordinance with diagrams for tbe guidance of au to wooden construction shall not be used to support<br />
thorities in providing such regulations. Most fires chimneys, In frame buildings chimneys shall alwavs<br />
are found to be strictly preventable and a properly be built from the ground up, or rest on basement<br />
constructed chimney is an important factor. Some walls.<br />
observations are made of a general nature that show 7. Chimneys shall be built upon concrete or ma<br />
where neglect and other faults lie and where beneficial sonry foundations properly proportioned to carry the<br />
changes may be made. Some recommendations are weight imposed witiiout danger of settlement or crack<br />
unnecessary, as the lining of chimneys with tile. ing. Foundations shall be at least 12 in. wider on<br />
There are too few contractors who realize the dan all sides than the area of the chimney. The foundager<br />
of supporting chimneys upon brackets or beams tion for an exterior chimney shall start below the<br />
instead of building them from the ground up, resting frost line.<br />
on firm foundations. There also exists the bad prac .S. The walls of brick buildings may form part<br />
tice of building chimneys with bricks on edge, which of a chimney, but the side walls of the chimney shall<br />
is sure to crack, to reduce the draft and make it pos be securely bonded into the walls of the building.<br />
sible for sparks to escape. After similar observations Xo wall less than 12 in. thick shall be used to sup<br />
and suggestions the ordinance is as follows:<br />
port a corbeled chimney; such corbeling shall not pro<br />
1. Tlie walls of chimneys used for stoves, ranges, ject more than 6 in. from the face of the wall and in<br />
fireplaces, heating furnaces, or other heating appli all cases the corbeling shall consist of at least five<br />
ances, whether the fuel used be wood, coal, oil, or gas, courses of brick. Flues in party walls shall not ex<br />
Section /,<br />
shall be built of brick, concrete, stone. tend beyond the center of the walls, and their loca<br />
or hollow tile of such thickness and tion shall be permanently indicated on the exposed<br />
Chimney construction as is hereafter specified. side of the wall.<br />
Construction All chimneys, irrespective of which 9. All mortar used in chimney construction, ex<br />
materials the walls are built, shall be cept a.s specified for fire-brick in paragraph 13, shall<br />
lined with fire-clay flue lining or with fire-brick. The be cement mortar proportioned a.s follows: Two bags<br />
lining shall be made for the purpose and adapted to of Portland cement, 200 lb., and one bag of dry hy<br />
withstand high temperatures and the resultant gases<br />
drated lime, 50 lb., thoroughly mixed dry.<br />
from burning fuel.<br />
The Proper To this mixture shall be added three<br />
2. Solid brick or concrete chimney walls shall be Mixture times its volume of clean sharp sand with<br />
not less than _ in. thick, exclusive of flue linings. A<br />
sufficient water to produce proper con<br />
standard size brick laid flatwise shall be deemed to sistency. When dry hydrated lime is not available<br />
fulfill this requirement for brick.<br />
1 cu. ft. of completely slacked lime mav be substi<br />
3. Concrete chimneys cast in place shall be reintuted for 50 lb. of dry hydrate. In case of such subforced<br />
vertically and horizontally to avoid cracks stitution, the mixing of lime and cement shall be very<br />
liable to occur from temperature stresses or unequal thorough. Dry hydrate should always be used in<br />
settlement of foundations. The metal shall be thor preference to putty.<br />
oughly embedded in the concrete. Concrete blocks 10. Fire-clay flue linings shall be of standard com<br />
shall be similarly reinforced in both directions. mercial thickness, but not less than % in., and with<br />
4. Stone chimneys shall be at least i in. thicker out collars. The flue sections shall be set in mortar<br />
than required for corresponding brick or reinforced of quality above specified and shall have the joints<br />
concrete chimneys, and shall have flue linings the same struck smooth on the inside. The masonry shall be<br />
as for brick chimneys. Rubble stone chimney walls built around each section of lining as it is placed,<br />
shall be not less than 12 in. thick.<br />
and all spaces between masonry and linings shall be<br />
5. Hollow tile shall not be used for the walls of filled with mortar. Flue linings shall start at least<br />
isolated or independent chimneys, but it may be used 12 in. below the bottom of the smoke pipe intakes<br />
for chimneys built in connection with exterior hollow of flues or from the throats of fireplaces and shall<br />
tile walls of buildings not exceeding three stories in be carried up continuously the entire height of the<br />
height, in wliich case the chimney walls shall be not flues, and -1 in. above top cappings to allow for a<br />
less than 8 in. thick. The outer 8 in. of a building 2-in. wash and a 2-in. projection of lining. The<br />
wall may serve as one side of the chimney, but the wash or the splay shall be formed of a o-0od rich<br />
remaining chimney walls shall be constructed of two cement mortar.<br />
layers of 1 in. tile set with broken joints; or they 11. Flues shall be built as nearly vertical as pos<br />
may be built of 1 in. of solid brickwork. The side sible, and there shall be but one connection to a flue.<br />
walls of a chimney shall be securely bonded into the Y\ here flues change direction, the abutting linings at<br />
wall of the building. No chimney shall be corbeled the angle joints shall be chipped to fit closely, and<br />
from a hollow tile wall.<br />
at no point shall the cross section area be reduced
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920 M E TAL WORKER, PL U M B E R A X O S X E. A M E I T T E R<br />
No broken flue lining shall be used in any case.<br />
12. Not more than two flues shall be permitted in<br />
the same chimney space and the joints of any two<br />
adjoining sets of flue linings shall be offset at least<br />
7 in. When there are more than two flues in a chimney,<br />
each third flue shall be separated from the others<br />
by a withe or division wall of brick or concrete at<br />
least 4 in. thick and bonded into the side walls. In<br />
hollow tile chimneys, the withe may be of tile.<br />
13. When any single flue area within chimney walls<br />
exceeds 200 sq. in., the walls shall be built not less<br />
than 8 in. thick and shall have fire-clay flue lining as<br />
previously specified, but when flues become so large<br />
as to render it impractical to secure fire-clay flue lining,<br />
they shall be lined with fire-brick for a distance<br />
of at least 25 ft. from the point of intake. The firebrick<br />
shall be laid in fire-clay mortar with joints<br />
struck smooth.<br />
11. Chimneys shall be built at least 3 ft. .above flat<br />
roofs, and 2 ft. above the ridges of peak roofs, and<br />
shall be properly capped with terra cotta, stone, east<br />
iron, or other approved material.<br />
15. Connections between chimneys and roofs shall<br />
be made with slieet metal counter or cap flashing, copper<br />
recommended, arranged to overlap roof flashing<br />
and allow for movement that may occur between chimney<br />
and roofs.<br />
16. Any increase in the wall thicknesses of chimneys<br />
shall be made at least 12 in. below the rafters,<br />
and not be made above the roofs except for cappings.<br />
17. When coal, wood or oil is used for fuel the<br />
minimum area inside of flue lining for furnaces or<br />
fireplaces shall be 75 sq. in.; for stoves and ranges<br />
49 sq. in., and for small gas stoves or heaters 10 sq. in.<br />
18. Smoke pipe intakes to flues shall always enter<br />
the chimney tlirougli the side and shall be made of<br />
fire-clay or metal thimbles securely set in the chimney meanor and shall be fined not less than $10 nor more<br />
wall with mortar. Such openings shall be at least than $ for each offense; and any chimnev or flue<br />
18 in. below wooden lath and plaster or other com which is built in violation of any requirement of this<br />
bustible ceilings, or open joists.<br />
Ordinance shall be immediately demolished or rebuilt.<br />
19. All flues leading from cellars or basements It shall be the duty of thc Building Inspector or other<br />
shall have proper cleanout doors below the smoke duly authorized official to enforce this Ordinance.<br />
intakes.<br />
10. All ordinances or parts of ordinances in con<br />
20. After a chimney has been completed, all flues flict with this Ordinance are hereby repealed.<br />
shall be thoroughly cleaned and left smooth on the 11. This Ordinance shall take effect upon being<br />
inside.<br />
approved by the<br />
1. No wooden beams, joists, or rafters shall be 1. A chimney in any existing building that be<br />
placed within 2 in. of the outside face of chimneys, comes too hot to hold the hand against comfortably<br />
whether the same be for smoke, air or<br />
is dangerous if there is woodwork touch-<br />
Section II, any other purpose. No woodwork shall Suggestions ing it. Have it carefully inspected by<br />
Woodwork be placed within 4 in. of the back wall for Old a reliable mason, and apply the protec-<br />
Around of any fireplace.<br />
Chimneys tion prescribed by this ordinance as<br />
Chimneys 2. All spaces between chimneys and<br />
far as is possible.<br />
wooden joists or beams shall be filled 2. Where soft coal is used it is often necessary to<br />
with loose cinders, loose mortar refuse, gypsum block rebuild chimney tops every few years, and all unlined<br />
or other porous incombustible material.<br />
chimneys, irrespective of fuel used, are very liable to<br />
The incombustible material shall be supported by become defective through disintegration of the mor<br />
slieet metal set into the brickwork and nailed to the tar joints. In order to ascertain if chimneys need<br />
wooden beams, forming a buckled flexible joint be rebuilding, climb to the top and look inside. An electween,<br />
or flat metal nailed to the woodwork with the tric torch or a lantern let down on a string is an aid<br />
inner edge close to the chimney will serve the purpose. in detecting defects. If mortar has begun to fall out<br />
3. The header joist or beam carrying the tail from between the bricks it will soon do so all the way<br />
joists of a floor and supporting a trimmer arch in through the wall. Take an ice pick or other sharp<br />
front of a fireplace, shall be not less than 20 in. implement and try to push it through the mortar;<br />
from the chimney breast.<br />
if vou can do so, rebuild at once as follows:<br />
4. No wooden studding, furring, lathing, or plugging<br />
shall be placed against any chimney, or in<br />
(C*nHnued on Page 364)<br />
361<br />
the joints thereof. Wooden construction shall either<br />
be set away from the chimneys or the plastering shall<br />
be directly on the masonry or on metal lathing or on<br />
incombustible furring material. Wood furring strips<br />
placed around chimneys to support base or other trim<br />
shall be insulated from the masonry by asbestos paper,<br />
at least l/8-in. thick, and metal wall plugs shall be<br />
used for nailing.<br />
5. The walls of fireplaces shall never be less than<br />
8 in. thick, and if built of stone the minimum thickness<br />
shall be 12 in.<br />
6'. All fireplaces and chimney breasts shall have<br />
trimmer arches or other approved fire-resistive construction<br />
supporting hearths. The arches and hearths<br />
shall be at least 20 in. wide measured from the face of<br />
the chimney breast. The arches shall be of brick,<br />
stone or terra cotta, not less than 4 in. thick. A<br />
flat stone or a reinforced concrete slab may be used<br />
to carry tlie hearth instead of an arch if it be properly<br />
supported and a suitable fill be provided between<br />
it and the hearth. The length of trimmer arches and<br />
hearths shall be not less than 24 in. longer than<br />
the fireplace opening. Hearths shall be of brick.<br />
stone, tile, or concrete as may be specified. Wood<br />
centering under a trimmer arch shall be removed before<br />
plastering the ceilings beneath.<br />
7. Xo coal-burning heater shall be placed in a<br />
fireplace whicli does not conform to the foregoing<br />
requirements and have an incombustible mantel.<br />
8. Xo wooden mantel or other woodwork shall<br />
be placed within 8 in. of side or within 12 in. of<br />
the top of any open fireplace. No combustible suni<br />
nier piece or fire-board sliall be used.<br />
9. Any person or persons, whether owner, builder<br />
or mechanic, who shall violate any requirement of<br />
this Ordinance shall be deemed guilty of a misde
36 2 Ml'.IAL WORKER, P I. C M B E R<br />
A X D STE A M FIT T E R SEPTEMBEH 17, 1930<br />
Theory and Practice of Welding Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
Second Article of a Series Outlining the Methods Used<br />
in this Comparatively New Branch of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Work<br />
—Testing Work in Welding Fourteen and Sixteen Gauge Sheets<br />
I N the first article of this series as it appeared in<br />
the last issue, 1 explained the basic methods of<br />
welding sheet metal, conveying the necessity of<br />
obeying the governing rules in order to master these<br />
regulations. I will now deal a little more definitely<br />
with the more exacting requirements of practical welding<br />
as applied to sheet metal. In other words. I will<br />
endeavor to take the reader deeper into this subject<br />
so that he may become more efficient not only in results<br />
obtained but in speed as well.<br />
PREPARING SHEETS FOR THE WELD<br />
Bv __. H. POTTER<br />
I have previously pointed out tlie necessity of beveling<br />
the edges of sheet metal over As m - thickness in<br />
order to secure a satisfactory weld. By so doing it is<br />
obvious that by removing the corners, so that when the<br />
two pieces to be welded are placed against each other<br />
they form a "V" the best results are obtained. Nevertheless,<br />
the writer has often witnessed an attempt tc<br />
weld two pieces of slieet metal over ys in. thick without<br />
regard to this rule.<br />
The heat from the flame suitable to weld will not<br />
penetrate and produce perfect fusion beyond a depth<br />
of 1/g in - While an agle of 45 deg. should be given<br />
to the edge of the sheet metal, a saving of welding rod<br />
is obtained when a lesser angle is used.<br />
When the welder has become expert in his efforts,<br />
there is no reason why he cannot successfully weld<br />
pieces cut with a lesser bevel than 45 deg. and he<br />
should attempt to do so.<br />
A few words on the need of double beveling of heavy<br />
sheets, over y2 in. thick might not be amiss here. The<br />
double "V" reduces the amount of added material, and<br />
furthermore the weld may be made quicker than if<br />
only a single "V" is used. In Fig. 1 is illustrated the<br />
correct beveling of pieces prior to welding. The reader<br />
will do well to bear in mind these methods and to<br />
follow them out without exception.<br />
WELDING ROD AND FLUXES<br />
The use, or rather the necessity, of using a welding<br />
rod has also been pointed out. However, the material<br />
best suited for the welding rod was not discussed in<br />
the previous chapter. The material added must form<br />
a link of like strength to the metal welded between the<br />
two pieces welded. This requires that the added material<br />
be of such a material that it will not oxidize<br />
easily. Swedish iron is the best for welding rods, but<br />
the use of welding rods low in carbon content is satisfactory<br />
when meld steel sheets are to be welded, as<br />
no great strength is desired.<br />
As I am now dealing with the welding of sheet<br />
metal, I wish to impress this upon the reader as it<br />
will mean a saving in the cost of welding material. As<br />
the welder becomes more expert he should endeavor<br />
to weld by using a welding rod of a higher carbon con<br />
tent, that is, when the weld is not required to stand<br />
any great amount of stress and strain.<br />
The use of a flux is to prevent the formation of<br />
oxides and eliminate oxides already formed. As applied<br />
to sheet steel welding, unless the carbon content<br />
is unusually high, the use of a flux is not necessary. It<br />
is good practice, liowever, to use a flux whenever the<br />
need presents itself. TESTING<br />
The only practical method of testing any weld is by<br />
pulling it apart. It is tlierefore very important, if<br />
good work is to be attained, to study carefully the<br />
rules of welding and to work out trial welds and then<br />
by testing them determine the quality of same. By<br />
repeated tests of this kind the welder may learn much<br />
and can readily determine his progress. He can determine<br />
whether or not his welds are of the desired<br />
character, whether or not a perfect union of the metal<br />
is secured.<br />
If the weld is perfect only in intermittent places or<br />
alono- the outer edges only and not soundly welded<br />
in the center, such defective welds will, upon inspection,<br />
after testing, convince the welder that his work<br />
is not what it should be. The welder will at once<br />
know that he has not applied the principles correctly,<br />
that he must follow out more exactingly the rules here<br />
laid down.<br />
It is most unfortunate that the quality or strength<br />
of a weld cannot be determined from the outer surface<br />
of the weld. Welds that appear to be the best are<br />
very likely to be the poorest. No doubt the beginner<br />
will find that the poorest looking weld, the rough and<br />
uneven one. will be the strongest. He should aim for<br />
union of metal and not appearance at first. Master the<br />
weld as a perfect joint or union and the ability to secure<br />
a good appearing weld will follow without much<br />
difficulty or practice.<br />
The bending of a weld, witb and against the weld,<br />
is a more severe test than merely pulling the weld. In<br />
fact, this is a most excellent test for the beginner to<br />
impose upon his work, chiefly because it will more<br />
readily disclose defective welding. Oxidation or brittle<br />
spots will in this way be readily exposed, and the<br />
union of the added metal will be readily determined.<br />
Tensile or pulling tests when made in a testing machine<br />
will show exactly the stress in pounds that the<br />
weld is able to withstand. Then by pulling a piece of<br />
the metal (not welded) the beginner can at once<br />
determine the efficiency of his weld.<br />
CORRECT TORCH MOVEMENT<br />
Realizing that the beginner will experience considerable<br />
trouble in securing the correct movement of the<br />
torch, I will explain in more detail, now that he has<br />
been instructed in the underlying principles of its use,<br />
tbe handling of the torch.<br />
The torch must be given a motion across the weld
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920 METAE WORKER, PEC M BER AXD STEAM FITTER 363<br />
that will distribute the heat evenly to the metal, but<br />
at the same time the torch must be held at the same<br />
distance from the weld. A sweeping zig-zag movement<br />
will impart a greater amount of heat to the margin<br />
of the weld. This is most desirable and should be<br />
aimed at by the welder who has already accomplished<br />
the somewhat fundamental principles of torch manipulations.<br />
If he will aim to accomplish the movement so that<br />
the torch is held upon the margin of the weld a greater<br />
length of time, he will do much to secure a good<br />
weld. Once again, I will mention the necessity of<br />
eral instructions laid down previously, which were<br />
explained in the preceding article.<br />
WELDING SIXTEEN GAUGE METAL<br />
1. Fay the plates close togetlier. side by side supported<br />
on fire bricks.<br />
2. Take the torch in the right hand, hold the tip<br />
downward and practice the movement, as heretofore<br />
described.<br />
:). Weld one end of tlie sheets together by holding<br />
the flame close to the plates until the metal fuses.<br />
1. Play the torch back and forth across the joint<br />
holding the rod at the correct angle, i. e., in relation to to licit up the plates.<br />
the torch. Weld from left to right with the torch held 5. Hold thc torch (with the head inclined to the<br />
at right angles to the weld, inclined at a right angle. right), tlie tip pointing to the left. The torch should<br />
The welding rod is held in the left hand. The heat stand at an angle of about 45 deg. The tip is held at<br />
imparted from the molten metal should melt the weld 90 deg. in the plane at right angles to the weld.<br />
ing rod and not the direct flame from the torch. Care 6. Start at tiie right end and work from right to<br />
must be taken to hold the torch at right angles to the left.<br />
weld and not straight above it.<br />
7. The ti)> of the white portion of the flame should<br />
be about ^/g in. from the plates.<br />
HANDLING THE TORCH AND FLAME<br />
,S. Shorten the movements of the torch across the<br />
The following rules, although seemingly simple,<br />
joint until the metal melts and the molten metal runs<br />
into tiie joint.<br />
should be observed in detail and practiced until the i). As the molten metal forms in this manner, be<br />
beginner becomes familiar with them:<br />
gin to move the torch along to the left, continuing the<br />
1. Hold the torch in the right hand, tip downward. movement.<br />
2. Move the torch back and forth, holding the tip<br />
l/4 in from the work.<br />
WELDING FOl'RTEEN GAUGE METAL (BCTT WELD)<br />
3. Open the torch valve slowly, using the left hand. 1. Weld the left end of the plates together, using<br />
4. Adjust the regulator until the desired working the welding rod.<br />
pressure is obtained. I will not go into detail on the 2. Work from left to right.<br />
Fig 1. Preparing various shed for wedding Butt welding 14-gauge metal But* welding 16-gauge metal<br />
DIAGRAM OF OPERATIONS IN WELDING THIN SHEETS OF METAL<br />
adjusting of the torch as this depends greatly upon<br />
the manufacture or type of apparatus used.<br />
5. Adjust the regulator until the flame is white<br />
hot next to the tip and blue at its extremities. This<br />
is a neutral flame and will not carbonize or oxidize<br />
the metal.<br />
6. Apply the flame to the metal and melt a puddle.<br />
The molten metal will lay quiet beneath the flame. It<br />
is clear and clean.<br />
7. Study the flame appearances when a neutral<br />
point is secured and when this is not the case as well.<br />
The accompany sheets should be carefully studied<br />
when the beginner is attempting to weld various thickness<br />
of metal. Do not neglect to follow out the gen-<br />
,'i. Hold the torch head 45 deg. to the plates, in line<br />
with the joint, and at 90 deg. in the other plane.<br />
4. Hold the welding rod at an opposite angle of 45<br />
deg. to the metal.<br />
5. Hold the welding rod close to the metal; the end<br />
must touch the molten metal.<br />
6. Begin the movement across the joint, moving the<br />
welding rod back and forth at the same time.<br />
7. The welding rod must be melted by the molten<br />
metal, not by the torch flame.<br />
8. Add enouwh welding rod to make the weld a little<br />
thicker than the metal.<br />
!). Continue until the left end of the weld is<br />
reached.
361 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FIT T E R SEPTEMBER 17, 1920<br />
Advancement/or Furnace Industry Welf<br />
An Up-To-Date Plan for Aiding Buyers to Decide<br />
Dealers and Salesmen Can Unite to Increase Sales<br />
' . \ XY prospect for the sale of a warm-<br />
J\^ air furnace ean be interested and aidr-<br />
, ,-£$* ed in reaching a decision to buy when<br />
J 1l____^ W^__««ii s ' lown a l°f °f pictures of furnaces<br />
^jjpfelk-, r v Xs|i setting in the cellars of well-heated<br />
.j^BfiBBtXv'^BMal houses. Pictures of houses are seen<br />
H»"-^nr£- i ^B^^ ni manj booklets for paints, carpets<br />
JpSLllkkXsijYf, and everything under the sun and<br />
IJMIfc»i..i____r~J" r r they loose their value for the purpose<br />
H^SffiP'Byj^ "' increasing furnace sales.<br />
ffli^y^^^^^^ftj Pictures of furnaces used in tliose<br />
•^ ^'"t>?v-?-X~~'~ \ houses, however, have a very posi<br />
tive value a.s they show fhat the<br />
dealer or salesman is endeavoring to sell and nothing<br />
else. The picture of the furnace and of the house in<br />
which it is used presented together on the same card<br />
or page, liowever, are good, as they show the lieater<br />
selected for a fine house or they show that the owner<br />
of a fine home has selected the same kind of a heater<br />
that is being brought to a customer's attention.<br />
These cellar pictures will show how the furnace is<br />
kept, whether it is covered with dust and has ashes<br />
all about it or whether it is neat and clean as it ought<br />
to be kept so that no dust can find its way upstairs.<br />
The picture will also show by the workmanship<br />
whether the job was done too cheap so it had to be<br />
rushed at the expense of good workmanship and its<br />
effect on service. They will show whether the dealer<br />
is a competent workman or employs them.<br />
Such pictures can have a far-reaching effect for<br />
good by making the dealer more careful. They will<br />
enable him to see the condition in whieh his customers<br />
keep their heating outfit so he can make suggestions<br />
to insure proper service with economy. They give<br />
him a chance to sell a humidifier or a draft and temperature<br />
regulator. This means furnace users will<br />
get better satisfaction and recommend the kind of<br />
heating outfits they are using. That is all beneficial<br />
to the industry and worth giving some thought, time<br />
and energy to create and then keep going.<br />
To get. pictures has been the desire of many who<br />
sell furnaees and they have tried to get their salesmen<br />
to collect them. Recently one house has sent to its<br />
salesmen the following letter:<br />
JOHN SMITH,<br />
Salesman, Central Western Territory.<br />
Bv F. L.<br />
Dear John:<br />
Would vou help your house to sell more furnaces? If one<br />
of your customers had photographs of the homes in which<br />
he had done a good job, giving fine service would it help?<br />
But pictures of houses are used for many purposes and<br />
vou are selling furnaces.<br />
Would it help if you had pictures in the basement of<br />
those houses showing not only the furnaces but the good<br />
workmanship clone in making the air supply connections<br />
and the warm-air piping and connections to registers and<br />
risers?<br />
It is a simple matter to set a Kodak and burn 2 or 3<br />
flash sheets at different points behind it to get the picture.<br />
Then, when a customer was deliberating could a right<br />
decision be aided if he was shown a lot of such pictures<br />
to make it clear that the furnaceman knew his business and<br />
a lot of people had found it out?<br />
We want to sell moj-e furnaces. We know these pictures<br />
would be a great help. We have said so before but the<br />
pictures have not as yet been produced. We patiently<br />
waited while the war was on. It is over now, how about<br />
getting those pictures? We will want them. The longer<br />
the furnace had been in service without repairs the better.<br />
Write us your plans for getting those pictures. We are<br />
eager to get them and the story that naturally goes with<br />
them. Make your plans for this important duty and write<br />
us about them. It may take some tiijie to carry out your<br />
plans but if they are carried out we will be much gratified.<br />
It is your move and we await the outcome.<br />
Yours very truly,<br />
In these days of snapshot cameras any salesman<br />
can do the trick out-of-doors and it is almost as simple<br />
in the cellar. It is necessarv to set the camera at the<br />
right place in the cellar and fasten 2 or 3 flash sheets<br />
to an old board or spread about a teaspoonful of<br />
flash powder along the board. Then he is ready to<br />
push the button on the camera, light the flash, push<br />
the button again and all is ready for the "we do the<br />
rest" man. No extraordinary hard work. Just a<br />
pleasant trade-building job which any salesman can<br />
do to help his customer, help himself, help his house<br />
and help the whole industry.<br />
The furnace interests are flourishing now and it<br />
need never languish if just such plans as here outlined<br />
are carried out.<br />
The Hazard of the Defective Chimney<br />
(Continued from Page 361)<br />
Tear the chimney down to a point at least 18 in. below<br />
the roof, get fire-clay flue lining of the same size as the<br />
inside measurement of the chimney, set it in the top of<br />
the flue and build up with good brick and Portland cement<br />
mortar. This will make a solid chimney through the roof<br />
where there is greatest danger and is the best that can be<br />
clone unless the flue portion of the chimney is completely<br />
torn down and rebuilt. Preserve a clear space or at least<br />
1 in. between the woodwork of the roof and the chimney<br />
wall, and connect the chimney with the roof by metal flashings.<br />
Build the chimney at least two feet above the peak<br />
of the roof.<br />
Mr. Woolson has also prepared a booklet covering<br />
the general methods of safeguarding residences from<br />
fire, entitled "Dwelling Houses," copies of which may<br />
be secured from the National Board's Committee on<br />
Construction of buildings, 76 William Street, New<br />
York City.<br />
THE MILWAUKEE CHAPLET CO., Milwaukee, Wis.,<br />
has been incorporated with a capital stock of $12,000<br />
to manufacture chaplets and other foundry specialties.<br />
In addition to Paul F. Rice, the incorporators include<br />
Alfred M. Jones, president, and Orra L. Hollister,<br />
vice-president Foundrymen's Supply Co., 302-308 Detroit<br />
Street, Milwaukee.
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920 M E T A L WORKER, P L U M B E R A X D S T E A M FITTER 365<br />
Technical School Training for Heating<br />
Men<br />
Information on Development of this Character of<br />
Education and Its Value to the Heating Profession<br />
BY J. D. HoFFMANt<br />
S O M E facts and a few figures are offered for your<br />
consideration on technical education and its direct<br />
contact with that part of the commercial and manufacturing<br />
field which is of vital interest to the heating<br />
engineer. Having been intimately associated with<br />
technical school work for so many years it never occurred<br />
to me that there were those who were not thoroughly<br />
conversant with the work and would welcome a<br />
few words on the subject.<br />
ORKilN AND IMPORTANCE<br />
Technical schools have bad but a brief existence,<br />
.about 50 years, but iu that time they have had a marvelous<br />
growth and have come to be a supremely im-<br />
Beginning with the Michigan Agricultural College,<br />
the first to take up the benefits of the Morrill Act,<br />
the year the bill was passed, these schools have increased<br />
in numbers until within a period of a little<br />
more than half a century there is a well-established<br />
technical school in nearly every state and territory in<br />
the Union, with a few states supporting two. Beginning<br />
also with the emjihasis upon hand craft as specifically<br />
mentioned in the bill, tbe courses have enlarged<br />
in scope until they now include all the fundamental<br />
theoretical courses common to all the various lines of<br />
engineering and a multitude of specializations that .'iim<br />
to develop men in an intensive way for almost any<br />
given line of work.<br />
VALUE OF SCHOOL TO TEACH ENGINEERING;<br />
The establishment of tliese schools marks an epoch<br />
in the science of engineering in this country. Previous<br />
to this time the design of any piece of machinery or<br />
structure was largely a matter of chance. Skilled<br />
workmen were trained under the old apprenticeship<br />
system through years of service to construct and in a<br />
limited sense to theoretically design a product. But<br />
the engineering of the job from the standpoint of the<br />
application of well-understood physical laws as we<br />
now understand them was absent. It is my opinion<br />
that the technical school should receive the major share<br />
of credit for this sudden development. If any proof<br />
of this statement is necessary we have but to review<br />
the events of the last - years to see that the wonderful<br />
things actually accomplished were possible only<br />
JAJIES D. HOFFMAN<br />
through engineering in its most scientific and refined<br />
state. This was a conflict in which engineers matched<br />
wits with engineers the world over, resulting in the<br />
supremacy of the trained analytical mind capable of<br />
independent thought and action. In addition to the<br />
professional strength of their graduates the schools<br />
gave as leaders in the cause much of their present<br />
portant factor in the field of engineering sciences. strength in faculty and students.<br />
Senator Morrill, who in the year 1862 introduced a<br />
bill in Congress to endow government schools whose<br />
duties, among other things, shall be to teach agriculture<br />
and the mechanics arts, probably buiided better<br />
THE AIM OF TECHNICAL TRAINING<br />
I just made the statement that the importance now<br />
given to engineering as a world influence should be<br />
than he knew. His idea at that time of the field such a chiefly credited to the technical school. This should<br />
school should fill was probably more along the lines not be interpreted to mean that all the men who have<br />
of the trades and the vocational than exists at the been doing big things in the engineering field have<br />
present time, but the evolution from the purely prac been technical school men. I mean that the technical<br />
tical into the highly theoretical was so swift and so school for the past 30 years has been the stimulating<br />
spontaneous as to be almost startling. The industrial factor in this country toward engineering development.<br />
and commercial world was waiting for just this transi The world produces many geniuses who do startling<br />
tion and Mr. Morrill was the first to catch the inspira things in their own initiative. These men set the pace<br />
tion and to act upon it.<br />
for others to follow and their works show clearly the<br />
'Paper read before Convention of National District<br />
Heating Association. Chicago, May 26.<br />
fProfessor Mechanical Engineering, Purdee University,<br />
Lafayette, Ind.<br />
need of educational institutions to disseminate their<br />
ideas. On the other hand the experiences of the last<br />
5 years have shown that the motive force of the world
366 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM F I T T E R SEPTEMBER 17, 1920<br />
is not the genius—although many of these have received<br />
their inspiration within the university atmosphere—but<br />
rather the large number of honest, conscientious<br />
men who have been taught to do their own<br />
thinking and are able to meet emergencies where they<br />
exist. That has been, is now and always will have to<br />
be, the chief aim of the technical school.<br />
Four or 5 years gives just enough time to acquire<br />
the fundamentals and the ability to apply these rationally<br />
to concrete cases. The technical university, therefore,<br />
does not claim to turn out finished engineers.<br />
Its aim is to give a man a general knowledge of his<br />
subject and a working knowledge of his own mind.<br />
THE GROWTH OF THE DEMAND<br />
Looking back over the last _0 years—this is the<br />
period of real development—the growth of the technical<br />
school has been quite as you would have expected<br />
it. Civil engineering, the already existing science,<br />
was the first to establish courses. Mechanical engineering<br />
came second, electrical engineering third and<br />
then architectural, chemical, mining and a number of<br />
specialized engineering lines in various orders as required<br />
by the section of the country in which the school<br />
was located.<br />
In most of these schools engineering proper has<br />
finally developed into four fundamental lines—called<br />
variously schools, departments and divisions—namely,<br />
civil, mechanical, electrical and chemical engineering,<br />
having the fundamental courses of the first and second<br />
years common to all, with tbe specializations in the last<br />
2 years.<br />
In addition to the 4-year courses usually given in<br />
most schools, a few are offering a fifth and sixth year<br />
to allow a broader academic training without sacrificing<br />
engineering essentials. Some are establishing fellowships<br />
wherein part-time research work may be carried<br />
on after graduation.<br />
Such work can only be done by men having special<br />
native qualifications and preparation. Many of the engineering<br />
schools are now establishing engineering experiment<br />
stations in which the more complex investigations<br />
may be carried on under the direction of trained<br />
specialists. Results from these investigations are usually<br />
printed in pamphlet form as monographs and<br />
distributed without charge.<br />
THE NEEDS OF THE COMMERCIAL FIELD<br />
Anv workman is a better workman for having an<br />
intelligent knowledge of his subject. Any man who<br />
can select the proper sized twist drill mav be able to<br />
drill a hole in a casting, but the man who knows how<br />
to properly sharpen his drill may be able to double<br />
the output. The man who knows the fundamental laws<br />
governing the action of steam and water in pipes can<br />
run a better line of mains, and so it is in every line of<br />
work. The trained mind gives tlie workman the ability<br />
to be more or less independent of his environment.<br />
This is especially true in the lieating and ventilating<br />
business. If the heating of our homes and places of<br />
business could be reduced to an absolute formula so<br />
that all we had to do was to apply that formula, then<br />
a workman could be trained to duplicate one job after<br />
another with increasing accuracy. But unfortunately<br />
this is not the case. Every job of lieating is different<br />
from all other jobs in almost every respect.<br />
Standardization is not possible.<br />
Two houses equal in size have the same arrangement<br />
and floor plans. In corresponding rooms one is found<br />
to have casement windows while the other has closely<br />
fitted sliding windows. One is floored in the attic; the<br />
other is not. In one the workmanship is No. 1 ; the<br />
otheT is just thrown together. A house on paper is<br />
one tiling; the realization of this house on its foundation<br />
is another thing entirely.<br />
The same is true of the actual installation of the<br />
pipes and fittings. One riser requires an offset, a<br />
main interferes with a beam, a difficult radiator connection<br />
has to be made, and almost innumerable other<br />
difficulties arise, all of which demand good judgment<br />
based upon a thorough knowledge of the subject.<br />
It is probablv true that the heating profession calls<br />
for the exercise of more good gray matter and real<br />
common sense than almost any other line of engineering.<br />
The universities have realized this fact for some time<br />
and many of them have offered courses in the subject.<br />
These courses, naturally, are restricted to a minimum<br />
of time and vary in scope according to the vision of<br />
the field held by the professor in charge. But they<br />
deal with the applications of the fundamental laws<br />
of physics and thermodynamics to actual practice.<br />
THEOROTICAL AND PRACTICAL MUST BE BALANCED<br />
The courses in many schools have been largely theoretical<br />
because of the lack of time and facilities for<br />
practical work. This, in a sense, tends to develop a<br />
one-sided man, but in schools this is a commendable<br />
development. It would be well if a large amount of<br />
actual practical experience could be had at the same<br />
time, but in most cases this is not possible. On the<br />
other hand the tendency of the trade is away from the<br />
theoretical and toward the empirical. As a result, the<br />
average is good. This is as you may expect it to be.<br />
By the natural laws of mind development the young<br />
man is able to cultivate deeply analytical mental processes<br />
that would be wholly impossible to the average<br />
mature mind. For this reason, togetlier with the fact<br />
that the professional and business man usually takes<br />
the empirical or short-cut method in doing his daily<br />
tasks, there should be great stress laid upon the cultivation<br />
of analytical methods while in school.<br />
Many times problems are given to the student to<br />
solve by exhaustive processes, when other and shorter<br />
methods are available, not so much for the final result<br />
as to serve as mental gymnastics and cultivate the<br />
ability to think for himself.<br />
I am aware of the fact that the schools are severely<br />
criticized at times because their graduates lack that<br />
practical touch so necessary to the practising engineer.<br />
Some schools are meeting this situation by permitting<br />
a greater degree of specialization. For example, those<br />
intending to follow heating and ventilating work will<br />
be given a greater amount of drawing-room time for<br />
the designs, and laboratory and commercial tests to<br />
check their theoretical studies. Necessarily, such an<br />
arrangement produces a higher degree of efficiency in<br />
the one line at the expense of other subjects which<br />
might be taken.<br />
This is a big question which is yet unsolved by educators,<br />
namely, which man is any firm's best asset<br />
the one thoroughly grounded in the fundamentals with<br />
a fair amount of specialization, or the one only fairly<br />
well grounded in the fundamentals with much specialization.<br />
Personally. I am firmly convinced that the?
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920 M E T A I. WORKER, P L V M B E R A X D S T E A M 1 I T T E R 367<br />
former is the better plan. The highly specialized man<br />
would get into the thick of things more quickly and<br />
for a few years would lead the race, but observations<br />
show that the conditions soon reverse.<br />
FUNDAMENTALS FOR HEATING AND VENTILATING<br />
You may be interested to know what fundamentals<br />
may be considered a requisite for a good course for<br />
an embryonic heating and ventilating engineer. The<br />
first I would suggest relates to his development as a<br />
man among men. He should have a good command of<br />
the English language and should be able to write and<br />
discuss any subject in a logical and persuasive way.<br />
This is usually slighted by the young engineer as applying<br />
to the other fellow but not especially to him.<br />
One of our greatest problems in teaching these men<br />
is to convince them that to rise to the top in their<br />
chosen profession they must pay attention to rhetoric,<br />
English composition and oral discussion. Many of our<br />
graduates in all lines of work have testified to their<br />
lack of this one essential in tlieir early training.<br />
Second, they must be fundamentally grounded in<br />
theoretical and applied mathematics. This is a tool<br />
whicli will carve any figure to science, if the owner<br />
knows how to use it. Third, they should know physics<br />
or the study of the laws of matter; fourth, thermodynamics<br />
or the laws of heat energy, and fifth, the application<br />
and development of these fundamental laws into<br />
constructive practical problems. The last is the trade<br />
specialization and in this case is called heating and<br />
ventilation.<br />
The courses preceding and leading up to this subject<br />
need not necessarily be specialized in favor of heating<br />
and ventilating problems. In fact, it will tend toward<br />
more independence of thought if this is not done. Any<br />
physical law in any subject to be well understood and<br />
to be of the greatest value to any man must be presented<br />
in applications as varied as possible to acquaint<br />
the student with its possibilities.<br />
The subject of lieating and ventilation is a specialization,<br />
although in itself it is sufficiently broad to satisfy<br />
the most exacting. For example, in the study of<br />
ventilation, questions of air conditioning in its relation<br />
to health, involving a knowledge of physiology and hygiene,<br />
present lines of thought that cannot be satisfactorily<br />
analyzed by any of the fundamental courses<br />
mentioned.<br />
Here are questions that call for research work of a<br />
special character and different from that previously<br />
attempted by the profession. Unfortunately what we<br />
don't know about this phase of the subject at this time<br />
would fill many volumes. Suffice it to say that our<br />
treatment of these topics should be sane, logical and<br />
without hysteria or radicalism. Also in the stud}' of<br />
chimneys and furnace and fan-coil heating there are<br />
problems in air warming and air movement by convection<br />
and power devices that are as complex as we wish<br />
to make them. Also in hot water and steam isolated<br />
and district plants there are problems in heat generation<br />
and transmission that call for the most thorough<br />
theoretical training in physics and thermodynamics.<br />
And so on the list might be extended almost indefinitely.<br />
Until a few years ago heating problems were satisfactorily<br />
solved, when they were developed along the<br />
lines of the best average practice without regard to<br />
whether the best average practice could be improved<br />
or not. Heating engineers' conventions had few analytical<br />
presentations, probably because tlieir value was<br />
not fully appreciated. Now they have so much valuable<br />
literature on the subject that it is found worth<br />
while to issue society journals to circulate the facts<br />
to the members.<br />
The sections of the technical press devoted to heating<br />
were largely descriptive in character, now wc have<br />
periodicals wholly devoted to the subject and filled<br />
with the most up-to-the-minute analytical presentations.<br />
In a short time the conditions have wholly<br />
changed. We are now looking for rational analyses,<br />
not for a few, but for practically all of our problems.<br />
Where a few years ago the heating profession was<br />
purely a business proposition, it is now fast becoming<br />
a science. It is coming into its own and the technical<br />
school has had no little share in bringing this change<br />
about.<br />
WHAT THE SCHOOLS ARE DOING FOR HEATING<br />
I'or my own satisfaction and for your information I<br />
am endeavoring to summarize the courses in heating<br />
and ventilation in the various technical schools of the<br />
country and give you an idea of what is being done.<br />
Questionnaires were sent to 57 institutions. Replies<br />
have been received from 75 per cent of these. Of the<br />
•13 replies received, 34 report courses in heating and<br />
ventilating and 9 report no courses. Of the 11 schools<br />
from whom no replies were received I have reason to<br />
believe that 6 have courses. Of the 34 courses reported<br />
6 are elective and 28 are required. Of the 31 schools<br />
the hours allowed for any one school are:<br />
Maximum—Recitation and lecture, 72; laboratory<br />
and drawing, 107; and outside work, some. This does<br />
not include one school which we will call A, which<br />
gives options in each of the four years totaling respectively<br />
144, 324 and 312 hr.<br />
Minimum—Recitation and lecture, 9; laboratory and<br />
drawing, 0; and outside work, 0.<br />
Average for Schools—Recitation and lecture (34<br />
schools, including School A), 36 hr.; laboratory and<br />
drawing (25 schools, including School A), 51 hr.; outside<br />
work (10 schools, including School A), 81 hr.<br />
Courses Including—Ventilation, 30; furnace heating,<br />
31; hot water and steam, 33; fan-coil heating,<br />
30; central station lieating, 25; electric heating, 13.<br />
It is interesting to note in this connection that central<br />
station lieating, one of the more recent systems<br />
to be developed and one of the most localized in character,<br />
is represented in 74 per cent of the courses<br />
reported.<br />
The field of lieating and ventilation with all its present<br />
cultivation is as yet but superficially touched by<br />
experimental research. For a number of years engineers<br />
have been developing more consistent and workable<br />
theories, but these theories were more or less<br />
speculative without actual experimental data to check<br />
them. In the general progress of the art the time has<br />
come to confirm or change our theories and in response<br />
to this appeal the research laboratories of the country<br />
are being offered and their energies co-ordinated so<br />
as to reach all parts of the field.<br />
I feel called upon to express my gratification at the<br />
spirit of co-operation existing among all forces available.<br />
All seem determined that the greatest amount<br />
of public satisfaction and good may be obtained from<br />
(Continued on Page 370)
368 METAL WORKER, PL EMBER AXD STEAM F I T T E R SEPTEMBER 17, 1920<br />
A Milestone in Evolution of the Closet<br />
Explanation of the New Fixture - How It Is Injected<br />
into System under Pressure and Why It Will Make<br />
Drainage System More Sanitary<br />
Bv B. F. HENRY<br />
AGOODLY number of years ago I was employed<br />
in the Greenpoint section of Brooklyn. Among<br />
the men employed in the same office was an undersized<br />
wooden nutmeg by the name of Bill Tanner, who<br />
for everything good or bad that came his way had a<br />
pat saying. Tanner had gotten the idea into his head<br />
that he was worth more than anyone else about the<br />
place and finally mustered up courage to tell the management<br />
about it. The first of the following month he<br />
was notified that his services were no longer required.<br />
His remark at this was: "I thought I was worth a<br />
ten dollar bill and now I find I am only a way Bill."<br />
About a month or so later, happening to meet Tanner,<br />
I started to condole with him at his misfortune in<br />
loosing the position and was met with this retort:<br />
"Don't you worry, I've got something better. You<br />
know a good swift kick is sometimes a blessing in disguise<br />
!"<br />
During the past few months and also at the National<br />
Convention of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s at Pittsburgh<br />
we all have heard the lamentations of many of our<br />
good and sincere plumber friends regarding tbe heinous<br />
wrong committed by the manufacturers of earthenware,<br />
aided and abetted by the standardization committee,<br />
in foisting upon an unsuspecting public and<br />
upon the plumbing craft the so-called short-horn closet.<br />
I must confess that at first I also thought it a highhanded<br />
proceeding and felt that to stop making the<br />
long spigot outlet was an injustice to the users. It<br />
did seem that it would have been more sensible to make<br />
both types, and, if the short-horn proved the better.<br />
the demand for it would in a few years prove so insistent<br />
as to eliminate the long-horn type. I also<br />
believed that the long outlet type should not be withdrawn<br />
from the market so long as there was a demand<br />
for same for replacement purpo.ses.<br />
A BLESSING IN DISGUISE<br />
However, after hearing the many arguments offered<br />
against the short-horn and thinking them over openmindedly,<br />
I cannot help but think with Bill Tanner<br />
that "a good swift kick is sometimes a blessing in disguise."<br />
For aside from thc request for the retention<br />
of the long-horn for replacement purposes, the entire<br />
burden of the opposition simply boils down to tbe<br />
contention that it will require more care to set the<br />
short-horn so defects will not show. That, with the<br />
long-horn outlet the work of setting a closet can be<br />
done in a more careless and slip-shod manner without<br />
the defective setting becoming apparent through leaks<br />
or consequent property damage.<br />
I can remember very vividly in the early eighties<br />
when closet venting was almost universally done from<br />
a vent horn above the floor. These vent horns and<br />
rubber ell vent connections became a plague in the life<br />
of the plumber, due to tbeir many bad qualities, which<br />
it is unnecessary to mention here. There arose then a<br />
persistent clamor to do away with the vent connection<br />
altogether as it was a source of leaks and no good.<br />
The vent connection to closet, liowever, was not<br />
done away with, the method of applying it was simply<br />
changed to conform with good plumbing practice. That<br />
is. vents to closets are now almost universally applied<br />
in such a manner and in such a position that they must<br />
be and remain tight.<br />
How we did—and some of us still do—scour around<br />
to find a horn vent closet that we could use on replacements—right<br />
side horns, left side horns, high<br />
horns and low horns. Every time there was a replacement<br />
job, though you might have six closets in stock,<br />
you had not one that would fit.<br />
ONE WEAKNESS ELIMINATED<br />
In a few short years the vented closet disappeared<br />
from the market. W r e all managed to make the necessary<br />
vent clianges in replacing and now the closet<br />
vented from the earthenware i.s among the antiquities.<br />
Thus was one of the weak points in our plumbing systems<br />
eliminated.<br />
Just so will it happen with the long outlet putty<br />
joint closet. The time has come that it should disappear.<br />
It is, and has admittedly been, a very weak<br />
spot in our plumbing installations.<br />
When very carefully made and under propitious circumstances,<br />
we all have found some closets set in putty<br />
whicli after years of service were well-nigh perfect.<br />
That much may be granted. But. in the great majority<br />
of 4'ases, a putty setting or a gasket setting on a<br />
long-horn outlet closet is not tight when made and even<br />
if tight when made does not remain so. That much<br />
even its most ardent defenders must admit. It allows<br />
of slip-shod setting, the defects of which are not always<br />
immediately apparent and even where properly<br />
set it is subject to deleterious influences through rough<br />
usages, shrinking and settling of buildings and many<br />
other influences beyond our control.<br />
The shorthorn outlet closet must be set right and<br />
tight in tbe beginning for unless properly set, the defeet<br />
becomes immediately apparent. Once properly<br />
set it resists to a greater extent the untoward influences<br />
which injure the long-horn setting.<br />
It is not impossible to set the short horn in putty,<br />
grafting wax or with plain gasket in replacements<br />
and not good practice to do it. Much greater care<br />
must be exercised so that the connection be gas and<br />
water-tight at the time of setting. This in itself is<br />
a mighty good thing.<br />
It does seem harsh to be met by the manufacturers<br />
of closets with the arbitrary dictum that "we will<br />
make no more long-horn outlet closets." But on the<br />
(Continued on Page 383)
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920 M E T A L WORKER, PLUMBER AXD S T E A M FITTER 369<br />
The Value of the Trade Press<br />
to the Sanitary Engineer<br />
Beneficial Results to be Derived from Closest<br />
Co-operation between Trade Press and Engineer<br />
Bv H. A. CALL.<br />
EBSTER says, "An engineer is one skilled in<br />
the art and science of utilizing the mechanical<br />
properties of matter in structures and machines."<br />
A sanitary engineer is one skilled in the art<br />
and science of utilizing the mechanical, physical and<br />
chemical properties of matter in the science of hygiene.<br />
Psychology tells u.s that engineers are a distinct<br />
type of the human family. A.s a class they have<br />
a common attitude, distinguishing traits, and their<br />
minds function along well-defined channels.<br />
Engineers are the pioneers of the human family.<br />
They are not interested in "fancies." They want and<br />
must have "basic facts." Being thus constituted, they<br />
constantly wrestle with nature and the elements to unearth<br />
the "cause," and to provide an agent that, acting<br />
with the cause, will effect results useful to mankind.<br />
Their efforts are seldom directed along selfish<br />
or individual lines. Their sphere of action must be<br />
wide and high. They strive for achievement that will<br />
benefit the mass of humanity. Their greatest recompense<br />
is the satisfaction and inspiration consequent<br />
to achievement. Those are the outstanding characteristics<br />
of the engineer, the type of man that we are to<br />
consider in relation to what he can or does get from<br />
his trade paper.<br />
THE DISSEM1NATER OF KNOWLEDGE<br />
The first and greatest value of the trade paper is<br />
its potent power to disseminate knowledge. Oftentimes<br />
the engineer finds himself with a perfected improvement<br />
or method of immense value to his fellow<br />
man. but is confronted with the fact that people at<br />
large, the dealer and the consumer, have no knowledge<br />
of that improvement or method. The trade paper is<br />
the medium that blazes the trail for him. It disseminates<br />
the message of his work among those in closest<br />
touch witli the needs of the mass of people. It does it<br />
economically and thoroughly.<br />
Because the trade paper carries with it a certain<br />
dignity, it goes to the highest class dealers. They pay<br />
for it. It has an educational value; therefore, it interests<br />
them. They read it. Thus is the adoption of<br />
the engineer's achievement facilitated, encouraging<br />
him to further effort and affording him ever-increasing<br />
satisfaction, as the use and benefits of his efforts<br />
become more universally enjoyed by mankind.<br />
Again, the trade paper enables the engineer to keep<br />
his finger on the pulse of industry. Through its columns<br />
he learns of new materials and appliances afforded<br />
by the market. By it he is kept in constant<br />
touch with the work of his fellows. Oftentimes an<br />
article, question or advertisement in his trade paper<br />
furnishes him with just the idea which he needs to<br />
'Paper presented to American Society of Sanitary Engineering,<br />
September 7, 8 and 9<br />
+ Associate editor METAI. WOKKER PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER.<br />
apply in solving some vexing problem. Often it suggests<br />
some needed improvement that spurs him to future<br />
accomplishment.<br />
Further, the trade paper is largely responsible for<br />
the continued and rapid progress accomplished in sanitary<br />
design, construction, methods, appliances and materials.<br />
Its wide association and contact has enabled<br />
it to recognize and interpret the trend of events as affecting<br />
the industry—to point out weaknesses, to stimulate<br />
and inspire progressive effort, to discourage<br />
practices that would react to the detriment of the industry<br />
and those connected therewith.<br />
The psychological influence of the trade press extends<br />
throughout the industry. None are immune from<br />
it. It constantlv exerts its inherent power on the side<br />
of right, justice and progress, ever holding foremost<br />
that it is the duty of every man to make the most and<br />
best of himself. Recognizing that all are of one family,<br />
none created independent, therefore each in need<br />
of the help of others. The trade press has gone forward<br />
disseminating useful knowledge calculated to improve<br />
the welfare of all connected with the industry,<br />
inspire them to further achievement, uplift their selfrespect,<br />
and add dignity to the profession.<br />
From this it will be seen that the value of the trade<br />
paper to the sanitary engineer is in exact and direct<br />
proportion to his understanding of it, its use and its<br />
possibilities. Further, the greatest benefits will accrue<br />
to the sanitary engineer and to the mass of humanity<br />
through the widest expression of ideas in the<br />
columns of the trade press. The greatest good for all<br />
depends on the closest co-operation between the trade<br />
press and the engineer. Finally, each has its mission,<br />
deserves and should have whole-hearted support of the<br />
other in every laudable undertaking, as each is striving<br />
to add to the convenience, comforts, safety and<br />
happiness of mankind in a common field of effort.<br />
Path That Leads to Money in the Bank<br />
(Continued from Page 359)<br />
spray in operation all the time, and the central section<br />
with shredded red paper blown by a fan, gives<br />
a most realistic fire effect. Various signs explain<br />
the features of construction and arrows point to them.<br />
The size of this display can be made to conform<br />
to local requirements, and the tradesman can use<br />
whatever signs he wants to have made. The company<br />
has tried it out and dealers report its powers<br />
of attracting attention have been phenomenal.<br />
Window display is a very effective way of presenting<br />
warm-air furnaces to the public, and when<br />
combined witli newspaper advertising, an intensive<br />
campaign can be conducted which will bring beneficial<br />
and profitable results to all furnacemen.
370 METAI. WORKER. PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 17, 19_0<br />
The Effect of Standardization on the<br />
Small Plinnber<br />
Another Opinion on the Eventual Result<br />
of the Work of the Committee of the<br />
National Association<br />
There is a certainty that every interest of the plumb<br />
ing and heating trades will be conserved by the Na<br />
tional Standardization Committee whatever may be<br />
recommended by it on any product used in the heating<br />
and iilumbing trades. The conimittee members realize<br />
We will undertake to make just exactly what the<br />
plumber in the small town wants, and arrange to supply<br />
him through jobbers in that territory when wanted.<br />
We also expect to make just the line of goods that the<br />
plumber in the large citv wants, and supply him in the<br />
same way.<br />
It is going to be our motto to give the trade just<br />
what they want when they want it.<br />
What I have seen of the work of the Standardization<br />
Committee in other lines, brass goods, and things<br />
of that kind, it does not seem to me that it is proposing<br />
any very radical changes, and none which would seriously<br />
affect the business of the plumber in the small<br />
town.<br />
Technical School Training for<br />
Heating Men<br />
the magnitude and importance of its work. They were<br />
selected because of their breadth and splendid qualifications.<br />
(Continued from Page 367)<br />
tiie least expenditure of national resources. In this<br />
work the universities have done good service and are<br />
An evidence of the spirit is shown in the following now planning closer co-operative effort that there may<br />
letter in answer to the points raised by a "Suburban be the broadest scope to the work with the least amount<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>" in the issue of September 10. which was of duplication.<br />
brought to the attention of William M. Byrd, Jr.,<br />
Hammond-Byrd Co., Chicago, 111.:<br />
So far we have been thinking of the lieating profession<br />
as a whole. But what of that part of the field<br />
represented by this <strong>org</strong>anization ? Judging from the<br />
returns to my questionnaire it is very evident that the<br />
schools believe in the kind of work you are doing.<br />
I beg to acknowledge receipt of your letter of August<br />
11 attaching copy of letter from a plumber in a<br />
small town of 10,000 inhabitants. I note with a great<br />
deal of interest his remark with reference to the probable<br />
action of the Standardization Committee.<br />
Since this is the most recently developed system and<br />
the one that is the least generally established over the<br />
country, it is a very significant fact that 25 out of 34<br />
courses contain more or less instruction in this line.<br />
District lieating along with all other public service cor<br />
« SOIL PIPE SITUATION<br />
porations has been up against serious conditions the<br />
last few years. The shortage of fuel and supplies, and<br />
I am especially interested in what he has to say the uncertain labor market have not only curtailed but<br />
with reference to the soil pipe situation.<br />
in many cases actually put out of business industries<br />
I have explained to the Standardization Committee that should have been maintained.<br />
on several occasions that there is not a great deal they This is an unfortunate state of affairs, but we con<br />
can do for us on soil pipe situation. About the only fidently believe that with the gradual settlement of our<br />
change that the manufacturers of soil pipe that inter flood of economic difficulties following the war, district<br />
ests use especially could make—our clients operate heating problems will also be solved satisfactorily.<br />
eleven soil pipe foundries—would be to cut out 2- Some of these problems are administrative and the<br />
in. soil pipe fittings altogether; then 8, 10 and 12-in. schools can serve only indirectly, but in those technical<br />
soil pipe fittings we would make in extra heavy and production and service problems that lend themselves<br />
cut out those sizes in standard. We figure that it is no to experimental and theoretical analysis they are going<br />
hardship where 8, 10 and 12-in. soil pipe fittings are to assist to the limit of their ability. I wish to re<br />
required to use extra heavy only. In fact, we feel affirm my faith in the future of district heating and<br />
that on such a job extra heavy should be used.<br />
make an assurance of such assistance as it is possible<br />
Outsidt of these we do not anticipate any further<br />
changes.<br />
for me to give.<br />
DEMAND WILL BE SATISFIED<br />
Japanese-American Trade Relations<br />
Japanese competition in our domestic markets does<br />
not menace American industry, the National Bank of<br />
Commerce in New York declares in the September issue<br />
of its magazine, Commerce Monthly. On the<br />
other hand, an examination of the trade of Japan with<br />
the L T nited States since 1914c emphasizes the important<br />
economic relationship between the two countries and.<br />
according to the bank, indicates the desirability of<br />
maintaining satisfactory mutual trade relations between<br />
them.
SEPTEMBER 17, 19_0 METAI. WO R K E R , P L U M B E R A XI) S T E A M F ITTER 371<br />
This is the Place to submit your per<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
plexing problems---the place to<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
SERVICITIS'GCATIS<br />
Wants Special Boiler Covering<br />
From H. V. N., Illinois.—In the August 27 issue<br />
I noticed "A. R.." Vermont, wants some special boiler<br />
covering. He says that he put a boiler in and, due<br />
to dampness, the asbestos cover is crumbling and deteriorating.<br />
If he had used an Ideal type A boiler, he<br />
would not have had this trouble. You might tell him<br />
that this boiler, of which there are thousands in use,<br />
has been successfully used in damp cellars in moist localities.<br />
He does not mention it in his letter, but I<br />
suppose one of his troubles is that he did not use<br />
enough Portland cement in his finishing coat.<br />
How Can Volume of Air Be Increased ?<br />
From Connecticut—Enclosed find a sketch which<br />
will answer the inquiry of "P. M. G.," St. John, N. B.,<br />
in the issue of August 5. These are measurements<br />
taken from a collector that works all right with a 36-in.<br />
io - o" E>.<br />
Tube _|<br />
* • "<br />
li-L_|i<br />
If tliese dimensions are followed I feel sure that by<br />
making the connection as shown and then operating<br />
the outfit, the results will be in every way satisfactory<br />
to him.<br />
Trouble With Eaves Trough<br />
From A. F. N., Vermont—I have had difficulty in<br />
obtaining satisfactorv results from hanging gutters<br />
(caves troughs). Every winter they become filled<br />
with ice and then overflow. Big icicles then form and<br />
the weight pulls the gutter out of shape. It is a dog's<br />
life going back every spring and trying to straighten<br />
these gutters, for when a ladder is put against them<br />
they bend in and that makes you fight against yourself<br />
trying to get them straight. Then the seams are<br />
sometimes burst and if soldered when bent in, they will<br />
not get straight. Can you suggest some way that this<br />
work can be done to avoid buckling and an easier way<br />
of fixing them?<br />
Editor's Note—If "A. L. N." will refer to METAL<br />
WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER issue of June<br />
18, on Page 800, he will find the article entitled "Good<br />
Will Earned by Good Work," which will give him<br />
some practical pointers on eaves troughs.<br />
How Can Paint Be Removed From<br />
Tin Roofs ?<br />
From B. R., Minnesota—I have two large roofs to<br />
repair that have been painted a number of times. Some<br />
of the paint will not come off. at least it is hard to<br />
scrape off and it takes a long time. As I can make<br />
some money on this work if I find a good quick way<br />
of getting the surface clean for soldering, I appeal<br />
to you for help. I would like to know if there is any<br />
way in which this paint can be removed easily and<br />
quickly. I hope to hear from you soon.<br />
How is Radiation Figured for Cellars?<br />
From J. K., New Jersey—I would like to know<br />
PLAN OF DUST COLLECTOR SHOWING MEASUREMENTS<br />
the proper way to figure these cellars. A is a house<br />
in which the cellar is exposed on all four sides, is<br />
14 x 20 ft with a 9-ft. ceiling and has four windows<br />
in each side 22 x 18 in. and one door 6l/2 ft. x 32 in.<br />
B is a house 30x50 ft. with a 10-ft. ceiling, wall<br />
exposed on four sides 4 ft. above ground. It has<br />
inlet without any pressure at the discharge. Please three windows in each side 15 x 30 in. and cellar door<br />
note that the inlet on the sketch does not enter the flue 7 ft. x 34 in. on south side. C is a house located on<br />
direct but on a tangent so as to give a centrifugal a side hill and is 25 x 40 ft. with an 8-ft. ceiling, has<br />
motion to the air and dust when entering the collector three windows 2x3 ft. and the grade extends from<br />
so as to help the foreign matters to settle and the air top of cellar wall on long side to the floor at the otlier<br />
to separate from it and pass out of the central tube. end. I would appreciate you assistance in this matter
372 .METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 17, 1920<br />
The Editorial Page<br />
Our Telephone Number<br />
than can now be made. Many of the buyers in the<br />
VISITORS are finding us at our new address, 156<br />
trade look for some recessions after the first of the<br />
Fifth Avenue, New York City, and we can now<br />
year but they do not expect they will make any very<br />
apprise our friends that a call, "Watkins 4021,"<br />
positive showing until after the first of March, when<br />
will find us ever ready to render such service as is in<br />
doubtless political as well as economical changes will<br />
our power.<br />
be made.<br />
It is useless to get into any considerable argument,<br />
but it is important that buyers who are dissatisfied<br />
The Perplexities of Business<br />
ITH legislatures enacting laws to facilitate the<br />
provision of roofs over the heads of the multi<br />
tude and efforts being made everywhere to<br />
bring down the cost of living, men engaged in lines<br />
of business where a.s yet the probabilities of any re<br />
cessions in prices are remote, have, in the vernacu<br />
lar of the day. hard sledding. One capable sales<br />
man in our field has answered his customers who look<br />
for lower prices, with the statement that he will ex<br />
change his products for their commodity on the basis<br />
of barter and on the basis of prices previous to 1914.<br />
Analysis soon shows that his prices have not gone<br />
up anything like as much as clothing, food and the<br />
majority of things in which people .are interested.<br />
That holds right straight through with the plumh<br />
ing, heating and sheet metal lines. It is only neces<br />
sary for the man to be well informed of these facts<br />
to lay them before his customers and assure them<br />
that what he has tn sell is not priced out of reason<br />
or susceptible to those recessions being made because<br />
nf too radical and great advances previously made in<br />
other fields.<br />
It has been pointed out before that with the price<br />
of labor and its productiveness and the price of raw<br />
materials, tliere is a strong probability of further<br />
advances in many lines made of metal before there<br />
can lie any great recession. And the period for that<br />
recession does not seem to be at hand.<br />
PRICES WILL CHANGE SLOWLY<br />
All nf the goods being sold to-day .-ire made out<br />
of high-priced materials and with higher priced labor<br />
than in 1911 and under these conditions their cost<br />
prevents any possibility of such recessions as people<br />
expect. Already people are looking to what the<br />
effect will be after the first of the year. Tliere seems<br />
to be some agreement that prices will hold for the<br />
balance of the year. Then after the collections are<br />
made during January, the inventory is taken along<br />
about the first of February and the finances and stocks<br />
are analyzed and studied with costs, there is some<br />
possibility that prices for the next spring may show<br />
some recession with a sounder base for the difference<br />
with prices be made to see the facts of the case as<br />
to the cost of materials, the cost of labor and the cost<br />
of doing business so that they can see that a man has<br />
nothing to give away and must have a profit of something<br />
over the replacement of the dollar which he<br />
expends in their behalf. The solution for the problem<br />
of present and future prosperity is continuous<br />
effort to find people who are reasonable and render<br />
them the service tbey need.<br />
Have Small Supplies Ready<br />
T H E rush season is advancing with such rapidity<br />
that it may well be said it is here. The man who<br />
is prepared to meet all of the demands will have<br />
to have in his warerooms or on stock shelves a thou<br />
sand and one little things like stove pipe wire, leather<br />
washers, cotter pins for grates, cement, insulating ma<br />
terial and a host of similar things for which only a<br />
little may be needed here and there but without which<br />
no job can be made complete. The man who is careful<br />
to know his stock will know the amount of everything<br />
on hand. He will not stop at the big things which<br />
run into considerable money for each one but will be<br />
just as careful to see that all these little things are<br />
where the workmen can be supplied with them quickly<br />
to save time and leave a finished job. Such materials<br />
must be taken care of so that they will not be wasted,<br />
as is too often the case. Those who travel often witness<br />
the carelessness with which such small things are<br />
left to be scattered around so that no one knows where<br />
they are when most needed.<br />
Fine Days for Roof Painting<br />
T H E R E are going to be some fine dry days after<br />
the equinoctial storms that can be used for paint<br />
ing tin roofs to prepare them for the coining win<br />
ter season and which many of them need to properly<br />
protect them. This is the time to inform customers of<br />
the condition of their roofs and the need for paint.<br />
It is the time to arrange to have the materials and<br />
men ready whenever the weather is propitious to render<br />
the property of customers capable of more safely<br />
withstanding the ravages of time and tbe stress of<br />
the weather.
SEPTEMBER 17, 19_0 M E T A L W () R K E R , P I. I' M BER AXD S T F, A \1 [ I T T E R<br />
M<br />
OST trade<br />
associations<br />
are<br />
<strong>org</strong>anized f 0 r<br />
the individual<br />
benefit of the<br />
members in a<br />
particular i ndustry,<br />
but un<br />
RURAL WATER SUPPLY<br />
like other <strong>org</strong>anizations<br />
the<br />
cardinal purposes of the Americin Society of Sanitary<br />
Engineering are to promote world-wide health.<br />
comfort and welfare of humanity. Perplexing questions<br />
for the furtherance of sanitary progress constantly<br />
confront this society and the inhabitants of<br />
communities are never brought to a realization of thc<br />
sacrifices cheerfully made by its members in a solution<br />
of the many problems that arise from year to year.<br />
It is not necessary for a gathering of thousands of<br />
delegates at any one time to create the impression of<br />
its importance and this part was clearly established at<br />
the'fifteenth annual convention of the American Society<br />
of Sanitary Engineering, held at St. Louis, Mo..<br />
September 7. 8 and 9. Although attendance was<br />
probably as great as recorded at any former meeting,<br />
there is no question but what this was the most notable<br />
meeting in the history of the society, for members and<br />
distinguished guests were in attendance from all parts<br />
of the United States and Canada. Among those<br />
whose presence always encourages an incentive for<br />
better things were C. V. Kellogg, Cliicago, 111., chairman<br />
of the X T ational Standardization Bureau; William<br />
J. Woolley, Evansville, Ind., secretary and general<br />
manager of the National Trade Extension Bureau:<br />
Charles B. Nash, Pittsburgh, Pa., director of promotion<br />
division of the Standard Sanitarv Manufacturing<br />
Co.; L. McNamara, St. Louis, a former president ol<br />
the National Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s; Thomas<br />
Clark, San Francisco, Cal.; L. D. Lawnin, president<br />
of the N. O. Nelson Manufacturing Co., St. Louis;<br />
A. A. Zertanna, St. Louis, a former secretary of the<br />
National Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s; Amos<br />
Smith, Winnipeg, Canada, president of the Canadian<br />
Society of Sanitary Engineering, not enumerating the<br />
many prominent members of the society.<br />
In declaring the first session of the convention in<br />
order, Stephen H. Gilmore, St. Louis, chairman of the<br />
local arrangements committee, outlined the program<br />
for the three days' sessions. He then first introduced<br />
the Reverend William F. Robinson, who delivered the<br />
invocation and followed with a delightful address on<br />
"Organization.<br />
Sanitary Engineers Meet<br />
in St. Louis<br />
Many Distinguished Guests at the Fifteentli<br />
Annual Meeting of the American Society of<br />
Sanitary Engineering, Held on September 7-9<br />
373<br />
Mayor Kiel spoke of the importance of an <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
of this character and the necessity for the improvement<br />
and progress of sanitary science.<br />
A. A. Zertanna, St. Louis, assured the members that<br />
the master plumbers were in harmony with the efforts<br />
of the society and its accomplishments.<br />
"Three fundamentals are the basic foundation of<br />
the iilumbing industry, technical, practical and financial,"<br />
declared L. McNamara, St. Louis, who also<br />
gave a lengthy talk on sanitation .and hygiene. He<br />
further spoke of the work of the National Trade Extension<br />
Bureau, of which he was the first chairman.<br />
Ernest J. Russell, a prominent architect of St.<br />
Louis, urged the society to have representation at the<br />
coming congress of all allied building industries and<br />
said that the architects were vitally interested in thc<br />
solution of the many problems before the convention.<br />
As a representative of the manufacturing branch<br />
'f the plumbing and heating industry, L. D. Lawnin.<br />
St. Louis, dwelt on the subject of standardization of<br />
fixtures and fittings. He acquainted the members of<br />
the grief surrounding the problems of water supply in<br />
early history and of the unique method of conveying<br />
water in the ancient period. He said the allied <strong>org</strong>anizations<br />
in their field were responsible for the<br />
t
374 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBEH 17, 1920<br />
explained by E. E. Wall, commissioner of water purification.<br />
He spoke of the necessity for pure water,<br />
the ease with whicli it can become polluted and contain<br />
typhoid germs and the purification of contaminated<br />
water.<br />
The chairman of the ladies' committee, S. A. Kiernan,<br />
St. Louis, modestly acknowledged his introduction<br />
and assured the ladies of a delightfully busy sojourn<br />
in St. Louis.<br />
The signal for an outburst of applause came with<br />
the introduction of Major William C. Groeniger of<br />
Columbus, Ohio, president of the society. He prefaced<br />
his remarks with an expression of appreciation<br />
of the society to all the preceding speakers for their<br />
cordial words of greetings and welcome. He said that<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization spells the spirit of service, self-sacrifice<br />
and co-operation; that there is room for all practical,<br />
theoretical and financial engineers or any one interested<br />
in sanitary science, and that the best definition<br />
for education is only one's ability to successfully cope<br />
with his environments. He urged the members to at<br />
all times keep the "Service Sign" ahead of the dollar.<br />
In declaring a recess, he stated that all sessions would<br />
be promptly called to order at the time set for the<br />
re-convening.<br />
TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION<br />
The Tuesday afternoon session opened with the<br />
reading of communications by Secretary A. E. Smith<br />
of Columbus, Ohio. A telegram from L. A. Cornelius.<br />
Grand Rapids, who is now in California, and a letter<br />
from T. J. Claffy, Cliicago, both conveying well<br />
wishes, met with prolonged applause.<br />
In introducing William J. Woolley, Evansville.<br />
Ind.. President Groeniger said he was the Moses of<br />
the plumbing industry, for he was now recognized as<br />
tlieir leader and standard bearer.<br />
Mr. W r oolley first gave an extensive resume of the<br />
operations of the National Trade Extension Bureau<br />
and concluded with an interesting talk on the analysis<br />
of the cost of materials in relation to each productive<br />
hour. He discouraged the practice of the<br />
cost plus a certain percentage method of contracting<br />
and solicited the members to command the services<br />
of his bureau whenever it can be of assistance to them.<br />
A rising vote of thanks was accorded Mr. Woolley<br />
for his splendid address.<br />
The usual custom of debating upon all subjects<br />
brought up was indulged in, the participants being<br />
John Fowler, Jacksonville, Fla.; J. H. F.ustice, Oakland,<br />
Cal.; William J. Yackley, Dayton, Ohio, and<br />
others.<br />
The introduction of Charles B. Nash, Pittsburgh.<br />
Pa., was an assurance of a dissemination of knowledge<br />
from one of the brightest minds in the trade,<br />
and in the presentation of his subject, "The Next<br />
Step in Sanitation," he fulfilled his reputation as an<br />
entertaining and interesting speaker. A subsequent<br />
issue of this publication will contain this essay as<br />
presented by Mr. Nash, who also was shown the appreciation<br />
of the members for his instructive address<br />
by a rising vote of thanks.<br />
J. J. Crotty, Boston, Mass., uttered a word of warning<br />
when he said an effort is being made to destroy<br />
the accomplishments of the plumber and said we must<br />
closely scrutinize and learn, if possible, what actuated<br />
such desires.<br />
"The Value of the Trade Press to the Sanitary<br />
Engineer," an essay prepared by H. A. Call, associate<br />
editor of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FIT<br />
TER, was read by Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. Wood, representing the<br />
publication at this convention.<br />
A friendly discussion followed between Arthur D.<br />
Campbell of the <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Trade Journal and L.<br />
Hutchinson of Domestic Engineering, both adding<br />
testimony to support the ideas of Mr. Call and making<br />
clear the position occupied by the trade press<br />
and the duty it performs.<br />
Chairman Groeniger then announced the following<br />
committees:<br />
Auditing and Finance—T. J. Lee, Pittsburgh, Pa.,<br />
chairman; Luke Devine, Elizabeth, N. J., and Otto<br />
Meinert, Davenport, Iowa.<br />
Resolution—Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. W r ood, Chicago, 111., chairman;<br />
J. R. Walker, Waterbury, Conn.; C. A. Rainger,<br />
Cleveland, Ohio; Frank L. Maar, Poughkeepsie, N.<br />
Y.; and Frank Fitzge<strong>org</strong>e, Trenton, N. J.<br />
Convention City—Ge<strong>org</strong>e J. Dehn, Chicago, 111.,<br />
chairman; Frank Tweedie, New Orleans, La.; Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
Stolz, Milwaukee, Wis.; W. J. Yackley, Dayton,<br />
Ohio; and Ed. O'Connor, Cincinnati, Ohio.<br />
State Association—F. R. King, Madison, Wis.; A.<br />
E. Smith, Columbus, Ohio; J. J. Connor, Denver,<br />
Colo.; A. C. Shaver, Pasadena, Cal.; and A. J. Mc<br />
Gookin, Newark, N. J.<br />
An essay entitled. "Standards for Soil Pipe and<br />
THE MEMBERS AND GUESTS OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF SANITARY
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920 M E T A L WORKER, PLUMBER A N D S T E A M FIT T E R<br />
Fittings," prepared by. T J. Claffy, Chicago, was<br />
read by Secretary A. E. Smith and at the conclusion<br />
a general discussion was led by Ge<strong>org</strong>e J. Dehn of<br />
Chicago, 111., following which the first day's session<br />
adjourned.<br />
WEDNESDAY MORNING SESSION<br />
The Wednesday morning session opened promptly<br />
at the stipulated hour and the roll call recorded but<br />
a few absentees. Frank R. King, Madison, Wis., presented<br />
a paper upon "Domestic Sanitary Engineering<br />
a Factor in Public Health Work," which was followed<br />
by the paper of Secretary A. E. Smith, Columbus,<br />
Ohio, entitled "The Equal Operation and Enforcement<br />
of State Minimum Standard Regulations upon All<br />
Classes and Kinds of Buildings."<br />
At the conclusion of the reading of this paper, President<br />
Groeniger paved the way for a joint discussion<br />
of both. It developed during this debate that a campaign<br />
of education for both the plumber and public<br />
was being planned in Colorado and J. J. Crotty, Boston,<br />
Mass., informed the members that a state code<br />
was now in preparation for Massachusetts.<br />
J. H. Eustice, Oakland, Cal., told of the effort in<br />
his state to abolish cesspools and further spoke of the<br />
evil practised upon the innocent purchaser of building<br />
lots where no sewage system exists, the sale of<br />
such lots being made upon the express promise to connect<br />
with a sewage or water supply system.<br />
John Fowler, Jacksonville, Fla., said his impression<br />
of the difference between the plumber and the doctor<br />
was that when a plumber made a mistake in an installation<br />
it was necessary for him to correct such<br />
trouble at his expense, but when the doctor erred in<br />
his diagnosis they usually buried the patient.<br />
Secretary Smith closed this discussion by saying<br />
that the motto of the sanitary engineer should be<br />
"Prevention rather than a cure."<br />
President Groeniger read digests from an essay he<br />
prepared for the American Public Health Society, of<br />
which he is a member. A rising vote of thanks was<br />
extended to both Mr. King and Mr. Smith.<br />
The inability of W. W. Hughes, Minneapolis, Minn..<br />
to attend this meeting was extremely regretted by the<br />
niembers and his paper upon "Boy Scouts in Plumbing"<br />
was presented bv President Groeniger. The lat<br />
ENGINEERING ATTENDING ANNUAL MEETING, ST. LOUIS, SEPTEMBER 7-9<br />
375<br />
ter also advised the members of his meeting Mr.<br />
Hughes during the recent convention of the National<br />
Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s held at Pittsburgli<br />
and of the work in this direction carried on at the<br />
Dunwoodie Institute at Minneapolis.<br />
Thomas Clark, San Francisco, Cal., representing the<br />
L lifted Association of Journeymen <strong>Plumber</strong>s, Gas and<br />
i'team <strong>Fitter</strong>s, urged the employer to meet with his<br />
help from time to time in order to become more familiar<br />
with the surroundings of the employee and bring<br />
about a better understanding between them. He further<br />
suggested that the society encourage the distribution<br />
of propaganda among the general public in an<br />
endeavor to destroy the ancient feeling against the<br />
nlumbers.<br />
At the conclusion of Mr. Clark's address the members<br />
expressed their appreciation by applause.<br />
Telegrams and letters inviting the societv to hold its<br />
1921 meeting were received from prominent state and<br />
city officials of New Orleans, La., and Dallas, Texas,<br />
which were referred to the convention city committee.<br />
Before declaring a recess for luncheon President<br />
(iroeniger requested a full attendance of members at<br />
the afternoon session to hear C. V. Kellog, Chicago,<br />
111., chairman of the National Standardization Bureau.<br />
WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION<br />
The roster of speakers had Thomas F. Hanley, Chicago,<br />
111., scheduled to address the convention on<br />
"Standardization as a Benefit to the Plumbing Industry<br />
and Public," but owing to illness he was unable<br />
to be present and Mr. Kellogg substituted.<br />
As a preliminary to his address Mr. Kellogg told<br />
of the conception of the Standardization Bureau. He<br />
attended the convention of master plumbers at Atlantic<br />
City a few years ago, at which time a resolution<br />
was introduced dwelling upon standardization from a<br />
mechanical viewpoint. He said he realized then that<br />
this was a vital subject and an opportune time to establish<br />
such a bureau, which should comprise all the allied<br />
interests in the industry. He said the object of this<br />
bureau is to make business and not to curtail it. Standardization<br />
as attempted is to standardize goods, not<br />
to make them easy to install but to have them properly<br />
installed, which must result in a bigger and better
376 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM EITTER SEPTEMBEH 17, 1920<br />
business for the industry. He further stated that the<br />
costs of materials have so increased that the public<br />
hesitates to build and many believe that a break will<br />
soon come so that wc might return to pre-war conditions,<br />
but in his judgment prices had not yet reached<br />
the peak. He cited the increased cost of transportation<br />
as a factor in maintaining present prices. Labor<br />
and food costs must be readjusted before any reduction<br />
in other costs can become effective. This change<br />
in conditions must be gradual and cannot occur immediately.<br />
On the necessity for standardization, .Mr. Kellogg<br />
outlined the operations of a railroad as a concrete example<br />
and further advised the members of the elimination<br />
of 12,000 pieces from the new catalog of plumbers'<br />
brass goods. Anotlier purpose of standardization<br />
is to have the manufacturer brand his goods so that if<br />
additional parts are necessarv, they can be easily<br />
obtained. Where fixtures or fittings of certain types<br />
and sizes were seldom used, it was also necessary to<br />
carry an additional overhead upon tliese fixtures and<br />
eventually charged against the consumer. Standardization<br />
is also necessary for self-preservation for the<br />
manufacturer, but it would require from 2 to 3 years to<br />
ultimately reach the desired standard of correct standardization,<br />
which will then automatically put this industry<br />
on a plane where it properlv belongs.<br />
President Groeniger expressed to Mr. Kellogg the<br />
profound appreciation of the society for his most instructive<br />
address and frequently during the discussion<br />
that followed Mr. Kellogg answered many questions.<br />
J. R. Walker, Waterbury, Conn., one of the vicepresidents,<br />
occupied the chair while President Groeniger<br />
made an elaborate report as chairman of the committee<br />
representing the society on the National Standardization<br />
Bureau and made many timely suggestions<br />
for the future consideration of the bureau. He intimated<br />
that when the society was <strong>org</strong>anized it was for<br />
the express purpose of effecting standardization of fixtures<br />
and fittings and this will eventually be one of the<br />
greatest accomplishments in this industry. He suggested<br />
that the former sacrifice of efficiency tor economy<br />
was a huge mistake and now the consumer will<br />
benefit more than any one branch of this industry and<br />
standardization will eventually stimulate progress. He<br />
spoke of the disastrous earthquake in San Francisco<br />
and how this taught another lesson to civilization relative<br />
to the absolute necessity for sanitation when the<br />
inhabitants were forced to meet other conditions. He<br />
read an outline of a proposed code of 36 sections, giving<br />
an explanation of each section. This code will tie<br />
submitted to the National Standardization Bureau for<br />
final adoption, with necessary amendments.<br />
The report was accepted and a rising vote of thanks<br />
proffered both Mr. Kellogg and Mr. Groeniger.<br />
Edward Quinn, St. Louis, a past president, gave an<br />
interesting talk upon the early history of the society,<br />
the grief and barriers it encountered and final success,<br />
eulogizing the charter members who <strong>org</strong>anized the<br />
society. He also said plumbing code standardization is<br />
just as necessary as that of fixtures and fittings and<br />
concluded with an interesting discourse upon "Salesmanship<br />
and Its Relation to Sanitary Engineering."<br />
In an impromptu talk on questions for the further<br />
considerations of the society, President Groeniger<br />
urged a continuation of the individual efforts of the<br />
members in the construction and maintenance of public<br />
comfort stations, the extermination of the rodent family<br />
and other disease-carrying agents, with the construction<br />
of rat-proof buildings and wharves, sanitation<br />
and its relation to the public health, the shortage<br />
of homes and the effects upon health conditions. He<br />
suggested that the resolution committee draft suitable<br />
resolutions upon such recommendations.<br />
Just as an adjournment was in order Stephen Gilmore<br />
introduced John Cooney, a pioneer master<br />
plumber of St. Louis, who told of the grief existing<br />
in the plumbing business 50 years ago when lead working<br />
was a necessary adjunct and he traced the progress<br />
from that time to the present generation.<br />
THURSDAY SESSION<br />
Tlie third and concluding day's session opened with<br />
a continuation of enthusiasm. T. J. Lee, Pittsburgh,<br />
as chairman of the auditing and finance conimittee,<br />
rendered a report approving the records of the society<br />
the past year and showing a substantial cash balance.<br />
Secretary Smith reported upon the activities of the<br />
society for its fiscal year, the increase in their active<br />
and associate membership and the campaign for encouraging<br />
attendance at future annual meetings.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. Wood, chairman of the resolution committee,<br />
presented the following resolution, all of which<br />
met with the approval of the society.<br />
THAT municipalities enact a license law making' necessary<br />
the examination of applicants before the issuing of a<br />
license.<br />
THAT sanitary police who inspect drainage and plumbing<br />
he practical and competent.<br />
THAT n National Health Bureau be created with a cabinet<br />
officer in charge, the encouraging of the practice of<br />
rat-proofing buildings and wharves, the further construction<br />
and maintenance of public comfort stations with the enactment<br />
of legislation similar to the laws of Wisconsin, expressions<br />
of appreciation to all the speakers, officers, committees<br />
and the trade press.<br />
THAT a committee lie appointed to consider the deterioration<br />
of materials used in sewage construction.<br />
THAT the president be authorized to continue thc same<br />
members on the committee on standardization, the establishment<br />
of a bureau for plumbing tests, and the extension of<br />
sewers and water supply to vacant tracts of land about to<br />
he offered for sale as building lots.<br />
Great attention was also given to the paper of A.<br />
C. Shaver, Pasadena, Cal., on "The Length of Service<br />
of Materials for House Drains, Home Sewers, Soil<br />
Waste and Vent Pipes." following which interesting<br />
"emmfnts were made by Amos Smith, Winnipeg,<br />
Canada.<br />
Stephen H. Gilmore inaugurated the debate upon<br />
house drains and vents and reported for the convention<br />
city committee.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e J. Dehn, Chicago, 111., as chairman, announced<br />
the selection of Dallas, Texas, for the 1921<br />
convention.<br />
A motion prevailed directing Treasurer Jerry F.<br />
Doud. Cincinnati, Ohio, to present a check for $100<br />
to President W. C. Groeniger as an expression of<br />
appreciation from the society for his splendid services<br />
the past year.<br />
J. R. Walker, Waterbury. Conn., in well-chosen<br />
woids, nominated Mr. Groeniger for re-election as<br />
president and immediately the nominations were closed<br />
and his selection was made unanimous. Major Bill<br />
thanked the members for this burden, as he expressed<br />
it, and assured them of his continued loyalty, further<br />
stating that he hoped to report a substantia] increase<br />
in membership this coming year.
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920 METAL WORKER, P L U M B E R A X D S T E A M E I T T E<br />
The other officers unanimously elected are as follows:<br />
Treasurer, Jerry F. Doud, Cincinnati, Ohio;<br />
secretary, A. S. Smith, Columbus, Ohio; director, A.<br />
C. Shaver, Pasadena, Cal., .and the following vice-presidents,<br />
selected in the order named, Charles A. Rainger,<br />
Cleveland, Ohio; L. J. Devine, Elizabeth, N. J.;<br />
J. R. Walker, Waterbury, Conn.; T. J. Lee, Pittsburgh,<br />
Pa.; Ge<strong>org</strong>e J. Dehn, Chicago, 111.; Amos<br />
Smith. Winnipeg, Canada ; Otto Meinert, Davenport,<br />
Iowa; J. J. Crotty, Boston, Mass.; Stephen H. Gilmore.<br />
St. Louis, Mo.; and Ge<strong>org</strong>e R. Stolz, Milwaukee,<br />
Wis.<br />
MEMBERS IN ATTENDANCE<br />
Herewith is a complete list of the registered members<br />
in 'attendance: Ge<strong>org</strong>e B. Barron, Chicago;<br />
John Brady, St. Louis; J. J. Crotty, Boston; John<br />
Cripps. Cincinnati, Ohio; J. J. Connor, Denver,<br />
Colo.; L. J. Devine, Elizabeth, N. J.; Ge<strong>org</strong>e J.<br />
Dehn. Chicago; Jerry F. Doud, Cincinnati, Ohio; J.<br />
F. Driscoll, Pittsburgh; John Eiden, Evanston, 111.;<br />
J. H. Eustice, Oakland, Cal.; F. H. Fitzge<strong>org</strong>e, Trenton,<br />
N. J.; John Fowler, Jacksonville, Fla.; Stephen<br />
H. Gilmore, St. Louis; A. S. Gregory, Rockford, 111.;<br />
W. C. Groeniger, Columbus, Ohio; E. J. Hanley, St.<br />
Louis; Frank R. King, Madison, Wis.; J. T. McKetrick.<br />
Mukogee, Okla.; T. M. Landers, Richmond, Va.;<br />
T. J. Lee, Pittsburgli, Pa.; Otto Meinert, Davenport,<br />
Iowa; E. P. McKay Wilmington, Del.; E. M. Mc-<br />
Lundie, St. Louis; M. J. Mooney, Syracuse, N. Y.;<br />
J. R. Mahar, Syracuse, N. Y.; Frank M. Maar,<br />
Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; A. J. McGookin, Newark, N. J.;<br />
W. M. McGarrah, Macon, Ga.; Edward O'Connor,<br />
Cincinnati, Ohio; W. R. Pugh. Racine, Wis.; Charles<br />
A. Rainger, Cleveland, Ohio; J. A. Sullivan, Joliet,<br />
111.; A. C. Shaver, Pasadena, Cal.; Amos Smith, Winnipeg,<br />
Canada; Aden E. Smith, Columbus, Ohio;<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e R. Stolz, Milwaukee, Wis.; H. L. Schaller,<br />
Miami. Fla.; F. P. Tweedie, New Orleans, La.; J. H.<br />
Tracy, Chicago, 111.; D. H. W r yatt, Columbus, Ohio;<br />
J. R. Walker. Waterbury. Conn.; F. L. Yerburv, Rock<br />
Island, 111.; W. J. Yackley, Dayton, Ohio; William<br />
J. Woolley, Evansville, Ind.<br />
ENTERTAINMENT AND CONVENTION WHIRLS<br />
One of the pronounced features of the nieeting was<br />
the banquet and dance during the evening of Septem<br />
ber 9, held at the Riverview Club, one of the historic<br />
surroundings of St. Louis on the Mississippi River.<br />
The members and friends gathered at 2 o'clock and<br />
were driven through the business and residential sections<br />
of St. Louis, thence to the Bevo plant, Shaw<br />
Gardens, Art Building, where the group photograph<br />
was taken, and continued through the boulevards to the<br />
Riverview Club, where an appetizing menu was enjoyed<br />
and during the serving of the courses a program<br />
of vaudeville entertainment was given.<br />
A. A. Zertanna, St. Louis, acting as toastmaster,<br />
then introduced the speakers for the evening. Responses<br />
were made by W T illiam C. Groeniger, A. E.<br />
Smith, L. McNamara, R. Anderson, J. Eiden, concluding<br />
with the presentation of two handsome bouquets<br />
to Stephen H. Gilmore on behalf of the St. Louis<br />
and East St. Louis local associations of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s.<br />
Dancing continued until midnight when the party<br />
returned to tlieir respective hotels in automobiles fur<br />
37><br />
nished by the local members of the association, jobbers<br />
and manufacturers.<br />
A number of ladies accompanied their husbands to<br />
the nieeting and during tlieir stay in St. Louis were<br />
guests of the Ladies' Auxiliary of the local Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s. They were entertained with a<br />
reception, luncheon and theater parties, shopping tours<br />
and automobile drives.<br />
The delegates were desirous of taking advantage of<br />
the automobile drive arranged for Thursday afternoon<br />
so they concluded to continue the last morning's session<br />
until all their work was completed.<br />
As evidence of the popularity of Charles A. Rainger,<br />
Cleveland, he was selected to head the vice-presidents<br />
and was therefore thc first one to be elected.<br />
Joseph Lamping, one of Cincinnati's prominent<br />
merchant plumbers, displayed his new patented closet<br />
connection, which received favorable attention from<br />
the members.<br />
Owing to illness, Amos Smith. Winnipeg, Canada,<br />
was absent from the early sessions, but he recovered in<br />
time to attend the final session and gave much instructive<br />
information regarding the deterioration of materials<br />
in sewer construction.<br />
The meeting of the board of directors planned for<br />
Labor Day was delayed because of the late arrival of<br />
President Groeniger, who motored from Columbus,<br />
Ohio. Major Bill not only encountered rough roads<br />
and an abundance of rain, but on his arrival at St.<br />
Louis at 1 o'clock a. m., Tuesday, he was held by the<br />
police as a suspicious character until he was able to<br />
properly identify himself. He now claims he has very<br />
high regard for the efficiency of the St. Louis police<br />
force.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e J. Dehn, president and general manager of<br />
the Compound Injector & Specialty Co., Chicago, 111..<br />
always actively interested in the success of the society,<br />
was honored with a re-election as the fifth vice-president.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e B. Barron, also a member of the society,<br />
and Stanley B. Ruff, both representatives of the comiiany,<br />
were in attendance.<br />
The members had the jileasure of meeting the only<br />
bridal couple at the meeting, D. H. Wyatt and wife<br />
Columbus, Ohio, who were married a month ago and<br />
are still on their honeymoon. Mr. Wyatt was showing<br />
a new closet flange that will soon be placed upon the<br />
market bv the Groeniger Sanitary Co., Columbus,<br />
Ohio.<br />
Ask "Bill" Woolley, Evansville, Ind., why he can<br />
always make his efforts profitable when he is accomplishing<br />
something for other people.<br />
"Jack" Cripps, Cincinnati, Ohio, representing the<br />
Eaa;le-Picher Lead Co., attended this meeting for the<br />
purpose of having the standardization committee include<br />
plumbers' lead goods in their list of fixtures now<br />
under consideration by this committee, Hr. Cripps<br />
also became an associate member of the society.<br />
THE BRIER HILL STEEL CO., Youngstown, Ohio,<br />
has purchased the lake freighter, the H. II. Porter,<br />
one of the four vessels built by the American Shipbuilding<br />
Co. this season on its own account. This<br />
vessel, which will be placed in commission this week.<br />
will be operated by a separate corporation to be known<br />
as the Brier Hilf <strong>Steam</strong>ship Co. and will be used for<br />
carrying ore for the Brier Hill Steel Co.
378 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBEH 17, 1920<br />
News of the Trade Associations<br />
Midland Furnace Manufacturers<br />
Matters of Importance Discussed at Gathering<br />
at Hotel Sherman on September 9<br />
One of the best attended meetings of the Midland<br />
Club was called to order in the Sherman Hotel, Chicago.<br />
September 9, by President J. M. Trigg, Huntington,<br />
Ind. An important topic on everybody's mind<br />
was the effect of the recent advances in railroad<br />
rates, and their affect on the cost of goods. With<br />
prices for iron and coke increasing and a steady demand<br />
there was no feeling of depression in the industry.<br />
Cancellation of orders by automobile makers and<br />
others had not made any surplus of material, as steel<br />
had rapidly been absorbed by other industries. Even<br />
though new building is light, the demand for furnaces<br />
is ahead of production, and the prospects for a continued<br />
good business for the remainder of the year are<br />
considered very good. Various members told of<br />
production troubles which hampered the output of the<br />
plants in their sections.<br />
There was a keen interest in the quarterly sales<br />
plan used by some manufacturers, and the opinion<br />
was expressed that it was advantageous and satisfactory<br />
to both buyer and seller, and would be continued.<br />
The subject of a uniform cost system was brought<br />
up, and a special committee was appointed to study<br />
the subject and make a report of the matter, after<br />
which the meeting adjourned.<br />
Western Central Stove Manufacturers<br />
Meeting Held at Congress Hotel, Chicago<br />
on Wednesday, September 8<br />
The stove makers of the Middle West were well<br />
represented at the meeting of the Western Central<br />
Association of Stove Manufacturers, held in the Congress<br />
Hotel, Wednesday, September 8.<br />
Discussions of the freight rate advance, production<br />
troubles and the outlook for the remainder of the year<br />
were participated in by all present. The officers of<br />
the association are: President, J. T. Templeton; vicepresident,<br />
J. A. Fry; treasurer and secretary, A. W.<br />
Williams.<br />
i<br />
Next Western Trade Golf Meet<br />
To Be Held at Blue Mound Country Club, Milwaukee.<br />
on Tuesday, September 21st<br />
Advance preparations have been completed for thc:<br />
members of the Western Trade Golf Association to<br />
play at the Blue Mound Country Club, Milwaukee,<br />
Wis., Tuesday, September 21. A special car will<br />
leave the Adams Street station of the Chicago, North<br />
Shore & Milwaukee Electric Railroad at 8 o'clock.<br />
Cliicago time, arriving at Milwaukee 9:47, according<br />
to the announcement of Captain E. W. Sanborn. This<br />
will give plenty of time for the morning round, in<br />
preparation for the afternoon match play.<br />
All members are urged to notify Treasurer Joe<br />
Carroll of their intention of going and show that thev<br />
appreciate the invitation of Host Sharpe.<br />
New England Golf Meet<br />
Association Enjoys Play at Brae Burn Country<br />
Club Links<br />
The New England <strong>Metal</strong> Products Golf Association<br />
held its last meeting at the Brae Burn Country<br />
Club with playing in the morning and afternoon.<br />
Dinner was served at the clubhouse after the playing<br />
while a light luncheon was enjoyed at noon.<br />
W. H. Tlia}'er of Crow Point won the morning play<br />
with a gross of 89 and net of 83. W. J. Eddy captured<br />
the afternoon first. Second prizes went to G. F.<br />
Uhler and G. A. Murphy, respectively.<br />
The next meeting of the association will be held at<br />
the Rhode Island Country Club, but the date of the<br />
meeting has not been decided upon.<br />
H.<br />
\\<br />
W<br />
11<br />
c.<br />
L. Doten<br />
A. Griffith<br />
F. Hubbard<br />
L. W. Smith<br />
W<br />
w H. Thayer. 1st<br />
II. W. Thorndike<br />
G. F. Uhler, 2nd<br />
C.<br />
VV J. Eddy, 1st<br />
G.<br />
S. B. Reed<br />
R.<br />
Morning Scores Afternoon Scores<br />
Gross Hand Net<br />
109 12 97<br />
110 Ifi 94<br />
114 20 94<br />
100 14 86<br />
102 12 90<br />
114 14 100<br />
Ill 18 93<br />
89 6 83<br />
126 24 102<br />
115 30 85<br />
130 30 100<br />
Gross Hand Net<br />
193 12 91<br />
108 16 0'<br />
113 20 93<br />
98 14 S4<br />
103 12 91<br />
111 14 97<br />
105 18 87<br />
94 6 as<br />
117 24 93<br />
119 30 89<br />
123 30 91<br />
105 ?A S1<br />
86 4 P.?<br />
102 14 RS<br />
98 12 86<br />
ELEVENTH ANNUAL OUTING OF THE MAINE ASSOCIATION OF MASTER PLUMBERS AT LONG ISLAND, AUGUST 16
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920 METAI. \V O K K F. R , PLUMB E R A N 1) S T E A M I' I T T E R<br />
Massachusetts Sanitary Club<br />
New Officers Elected at September Meeting of Directors<br />
At the September meeting of the directors of the<br />
Massachusetts Sanitary Club, the officers for the year<br />
were elected.<br />
William H. Sullivan, recently president of the Massachusetts<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association, was elected<br />
president, succeeding Daniel F. Carroll, Lowell. William<br />
H. Toner, Worcester, was elected vice-president;<br />
J. Preston Perham, Boston, treasurer of the Massachusetts<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association, was elected<br />
treasurer, and W r illiam A. Bradford, Quincy, a former<br />
president of the state association, was elected secretary.<br />
Nothing further was done regarding the selection<br />
of a permanent secretary, although the choice of Mr.<br />
Bradford, who is to be the premanent secretary when<br />
one is elected, is a step towards that goal which is to<br />
be established as soon as the necessary financial backing<br />
is secured.<br />
The other directors are Edmund F. Butler, Frank<br />
W. Hubbard, William P. Kane, all of Boston; Edward<br />
A. Morris, Lowell; C. M. Neily, Haverhill; and<br />
Elwood. Noyes, Salem.<br />
Manhattan Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s* Outing<br />
Motor Buses Take Guests to Whitestone Landing,<br />
Where Program of Sports Is Enjoyed<br />
The largest turnout of members and guests of the<br />
Manhattan Branch of the Association of Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s of New York City in recent years was the<br />
response to the work of the committee appointed by<br />
President John L. Knight. It consisted of J. H. Jasper,<br />
Harry Hemlin, Herman Auskulat, Ge<strong>org</strong>e J. Simons,<br />
James S. Lawlor, A. E. Jackson, Morris Jarcho.<br />
W T illiam Lawrence and John L. Knight.<br />
The start was made from the association headquarters,<br />
155 East Fifty-eighth Street, New York City.<br />
in motor buses, and after a run down-town to show<br />
the citizens of New York something of the number<br />
and importance of the plumbing contractors of the<br />
Sitting: \V. H. Crookston, J. E. Titzell. Past Treasurer<br />
Cuno Muller. President John L. Knight and Thomas J.<br />
Tourney of The Guard.<br />
Standing- Rear: Herman Auskulot and Commissioner<br />
Alex Brown.<br />
SOME OF THE NOTABLES AT MANHATTAN OUTING<br />
city, a return was made. The buses then crossed the<br />
East River and the trip was made to Duer's Hotel<br />
and park at Whitestone Landing, L. I.<br />
Among the officers of the association present were<br />
J. L. Murphy, Joseph H. Booth, Joseph H. Jasper,<br />
William Young-, the Manhattan Octogenarian talking t<br />
Paul Euell<br />
GUESTS AT MANHATTAN OUTING<br />
379<br />
adjourned to the ball field, where the master plumbers<br />
heat the wholesale trade by a score of 15 to 1.<br />
Among the guests from other cities were Thomas<br />
O'Brien, John J. Dixon and M. Kennedy from Brooklyn;<br />
John F. Rogers and Ge<strong>org</strong>e M. O'Connor, Flushing;<br />
Stephen Welch, the Bronx; Joseph F. Elliott,<br />
of the Richmond association. There also was a large<br />
turnout of the representatives of the different supply<br />
houses in New York City who contributed to the pleasure<br />
of the day.<br />
After the ballgame, a stanch dog of aggressive<br />
temperament was secured as well as a badger and a<br />
tight was pulled off to the gaiety of the entire assembly<br />
to which Past National Secretary John R. Hopkin<br />
contributed substantially, even if he was up a tree.<br />
In the program of sports conducted under the management<br />
of Flarry Hemlin, the 100-yd. dash was won<br />
by William Hennegan in 12 sec; the shot put by<br />
John J. Goldschmidt, 31 ft.; the hop, skip and jump<br />
by N. R. Lemcke, 36 ft.; the standing broad jump<br />
by H. Greenberg, 8 ft. 8 in.; the running broad jump<br />
by H. Amberger, 13 ft. 6y2 in.; three standing jumps<br />
by Raymond Brown, 26 ft.; Vi-mile run by Walter T.<br />
McGirr, 2 min. 20 sec; bottle race, D. C. W T alker;<br />
shoe race, A. Nuss; fat men's race, W. Buchwold.<br />
The winning teams of the ball games were awarded<br />
cuff links and all the other prize winners were presented<br />
with silver cigarette cases.<br />
After the field sports the party congregated in the<br />
dining hall and exchanged expressions of good will<br />
until the dinner was served, after whicli the train was<br />
taken for Nelv York City. All voted that the day had<br />
been well spent.<br />
North Shore <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Outing<br />
Fine Dinner and Many Sports Enjoyed at<br />
Centennial Grove, Essex, Mass.<br />
The annual outing of the North Shore Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association of Massachusetts was held in<br />
Centennial Grove, Essex, Mass., September 1, with<br />
more than 50 members, jobbers and salesmen in at-
380 M E T A 1. WO R K E R , P L U M B E R AXD STE A M F I T T E R SEPTEMBER 17, 19_0<br />
P. .1. Sturn, John Maier and Morris Berla<br />
Respectively 70, sr, and 91.<br />
SOME OF THE GUESTS AT THE NEWARK PLUMBERS' OUTING<br />
tendance and the enjoyable events of former years served ham and eggs and other good things along with<br />
were surpassed upon this occasion.<br />
the breakfast. A little later on a luncheon of beef<br />
The party gathered at Town House Square. Salem, steak and suitable vegetables was served.<br />
and motored to the grove, where quoit pitching, discus In the afternoon those who were still hungry were<br />
throwing and otlier sports were held and a baseball fed "hot dogs" and just before the close of the day,<br />
game between the plumbers and allied trades ended the chef and his corps of cooks and waitresses served<br />
in a real score of 2 to 1 in favor of the plumbers. as fine a chicken dinner as it is commonly the good<br />
Perley Kelley and Robert Robertson, Jr., comprised fortune of a man to enjoy.<br />
the winning battery with Barstow of the Hungerford While all this was going on, James Sheridan had<br />
Co. and A'Hearn of the Corcoran Supply Co. the cliarge of the sports and had the salesmen and the<br />
losing battery.<br />
plumbers out on the field playing a game of baseball.<br />
A combination lobster and chicken dinner was Samuel F. Wilson, who is out for the Republican<br />
served at the hotel. President Bartholomew Dris nomination for sheriff, showed good judgment and got<br />
coll and Secretary James H. Trow were in charge of his base on balls and then deputized H. F. Baillet to<br />
arrangements and Robert Robertson, Jr., and Reuben do the running for him. Miller came along with a<br />
Dockham had charge of the sports.<br />
home run, clearing the bases, so that the plumbers<br />
won with a score of 13 to 10.<br />
Newark Outing New Jersey Reunion<br />
After they had attended one of the sessions with<br />
Chef Traymer the sports were pulled off and in the<br />
Annual Picnic- of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s Held at<br />
Hollywood Park. Maplewood, September 11th<br />
shot put P. Hofer, Jr., cleared a space of 36 ft. 4 in.<br />
and won a pocket knife. He was closely followed by<br />
J. C. McDonald with a put of 31 ft. 7l/2" in. McDoii-<br />
A larger representation from further South was all a.d was after Hofer again, who won the standing<br />
that was needed to make the outing of the Master broad jump by clearing 8 ft. 7 in., with McDonald<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association of Newark, N. J., a reunion of just t iii. behind him. This brought Hofer a set of<br />
New Jersey plumbers, at Hollywood Park, Maple Savill sink bibbs.<br />
wood. N. J., Saturday, September 1 1.<br />
The fat man's race was won by Bill W<br />
Joseph Sprouls, J. J. Corcoran and William T. J.<br />
Orriss were there from Jersey City; J. H. Cadigan<br />
and William Delhagen represented Paterson; Past<br />
State Secretary Joseph A. Durr, William Chesnut,<br />
Alexander MacGregor and one or two others represented<br />
Montclair. State President William Snudden<br />
came down from Morristown alone. Then the notables<br />
were Morris Berla, 91 years old; John Maier, 81 years<br />
old, and F. J. Sturn, a past treasurer, 70 years old.<br />
The committee in charge which brought out this<br />
party consisted of Chairman Samuel F. Wilson, E.<br />
Sternkopf, F. J. Sturn, A. Taafe, Benjamin Cohen,<br />
James Sheridan, M. J. Brady and William Spatcher.<br />
The Newark plumbers believe the way to a man's<br />
good will is to fill him with good things and, as soon<br />
as the party arrived on the ground, Chef Traymer<br />
r atson, of<br />
Belleville, and he carried off a fine silk umbrella because<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e S. Monahan, Keaslev & Matteson Co.,<br />
would not start. H. E. Hill won the 50-yd. dash,<br />
closely followed by A. M. Johnson and P. Meyer, and<br />
this got him a fine pocket knife.<br />
A good deal of fun was made by the wheelbarrow<br />
race, won by J. C. McDonald, who was the wheel<br />
ind shafts, and R. R. Wettstein, the wheelbarrow<br />
.artist, one representing the United States Radiator Co.<br />
•and the other Domestic Engineering. Thev received<br />
two fine pearl handled pocket knives in nice soft<br />
leather cases.<br />
The plumbers put one ovei on the salesmen as thev<br />
followed the instructions of H. F. Baillet and won<br />
the tug-of-war from McDonald, the coach for the<br />
salesmen's team, but John McHale, his anchor did
SEPTEMBER 17, 19_0 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 381<br />
not have the girth to hold the rope and his attempt<br />
to use a tree was a failure.<br />
W. H. Beck, state <strong>org</strong>anizer, came down from<br />
Orange in his Flivver, in which he has been visiting<br />
different parts of north New Jersey, and enjoyed<br />
himself and everybody enjoyed meeting him. All extended<br />
hearty congratulations to President Brad}'- and<br />
Chairman Wilson on the annual outing of the Newark<br />
association.<br />
Illinois Contractors Meet in Springfield<br />
All Trades Well Represented at Two Day Meeting<br />
in State Capital<br />
Delegates from all parts of Illinois, totaling 170,<br />
gathered in Springfield for the semi-annual meeting<br />
of the Associated Building Contractors' Association of<br />
Illinois, on September 9 and 10. The business sessions<br />
were held in the Leland Hotel with President A.<br />
Lanquist, Chicago, presiding.<br />
At the first session, Thursday morning, reports of<br />
Secretary-Treasurer E. M. Craig, Chicago, and the<br />
state <strong>org</strong>anizer were heard. Then the following resolutions<br />
committee was appointed: R. J. Jobst, Peoria;<br />
G. F. Mehring, Chicago; J. C. Wuelner, Alton; C. J.<br />
Ryan, Danville; A. C. Preble, Springfield; G. M.<br />
Getschow, Chicago; Joshua Vasconcelos, Jacksonville;<br />
F. J. Bero, Elgin; A. O. Carpenter, Cliicago; C. H.<br />
Robinson, Springfield; and V. L. Page, Rockford.<br />
John Griffiths, Chicago, spoke on "The Necessity of<br />
Organization," emphasizing the fact that it would<br />
overcome the main difficulties encountered in the<br />
business.<br />
A luncheon in the hotel was enjoyed at noon and the<br />
afternoon session was then opened at 1:30 o'clock. A<br />
number of papers were read and discussed, including<br />
"Apprentices and Vocational Training," by H. B.<br />
Barnard; "Building Material," by Herman Metz;<br />
"Jurisdictional Award," by E. M. Craig; "Legislative<br />
Activities," by A. Lanquist, and "Mutual Insurance,"<br />
by O. C. Holtz.<br />
F. T. Weber, New York City, executive secretary<br />
of the employers' section of the National Association<br />
of Building Trades, was in attendance.<br />
A banquet was held at 6:30 in the Leland Hotel and<br />
many of the members' wives accompanied them. Addresses<br />
were made by Dr. E. B. Rogers of Central<br />
Baptist Church, Thomas Rees, publisher of the Illinois<br />
State Register, and Edward Payne.<br />
The final session was held Friday morning. An interesting<br />
paper on "Licenses for Contractors" was<br />
read by F. A. Bulley, Chicago, and Oscar A. Ruem,<br />
Chicago, talked on "Collective Bargaining." "Overhead<br />
Costs" were explained by H. A. Ingersoll of<br />
Danville.<br />
Forty autos took the members on a 20-mile tour of<br />
the city, all points of interest being visited. The trip<br />
ended at the fair grounds where a fine chicken dinner<br />
was waiting for everyone.<br />
New officers will not be elected until the annual<br />
meeting in February.<br />
The Chicago delegates who attended are: D. M.<br />
Haines, Frank Mellish and T. P. Shean for the Sheet<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Association, and Ge<strong>org</strong>e M. Getchow,<br />
C. H. Glennon, Ge<strong>org</strong>e Kirk and Ge<strong>org</strong>e Mehring<br />
for the Master <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Association. (It<br />
looks as if the fitters left it to the Ge<strong>org</strong>es to do it and<br />
from all reports they did.)<br />
\<br />
Eastern Supply Association to Meet<br />
Program Arranged lor Meeting at Hotel Astor, New York<br />
City, on October 13<br />
Arrangements are already well under way on a program<br />
to make it well worth while for every member to<br />
attend the meeting of the Eastern Supply Association<br />
in the Hotel Astor, New York City, on Wednesday<br />
October 13.<br />
If any member has a matter that should receive attention,<br />
he should apprise Secretary Frank S. Hanley,<br />
261 Broadway, New York City.<br />
Central Supply Meeting October 20<br />
Fall Meeting to be Held at Hotel Sherman<br />
Executive Committee October 19<br />
The regular fall meeting of the Central Supply<br />
Association will be held at 10 o'clock a. m., Wednesday,<br />
October 20, in the Hotel Sherman, Cliicago, according<br />
to the announcement of Secretary Paul<br />
Blatchford. On the previous day the members of the<br />
executive committee will hold their meeting.<br />
Pittsburgh National Convention Preparations<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Convention Committee Appointed<br />
and Plans Well Under Way for 1921 Meeting<br />
The first meeting for the fall of the Pittsburgli Association<br />
of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors was held on<br />
Friday, September 3, and there was a large turnout<br />
following the summer vacation. Applications for several<br />
new members were received.<br />
The convention committee was appointed and, as<br />
several members of it were already interested in the<br />
preparation for the national convention, it is expected<br />
that their plans will be immediately perfected and<br />
when the trade meets in Pittsburgh the second week<br />
of June, 1921, they will be glad that they accepted<br />
the invitation to come to Pittsburgh.<br />
Pennsylvania Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors<br />
Plans Completed for Meeting of Officers and Directors<br />
of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Association<br />
Through the courtesy of State Secretary Williani<br />
F. Angermyer, 711 Homewood Avenue, Pittsburgli.<br />
Pa., information has been received that arrangements<br />
have been completed for the meeting of the officers<br />
und directors of the Slieet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Association<br />
of Pennsylvania in the Hotel Brunswick, in<br />
Lancaster, Pa., on Wednesday, September 15.<br />
Activities are also developing some interest in the<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization of the Salesmen's Auxiliary, correspondence<br />
having been opened with the <strong>Metal</strong> Works Club<br />
of Philadelphia, and also with the Stove Salesmen's<br />
Association of Pennsylvania. The association is desirous<br />
of having an auxiliary <strong>org</strong>anization of the<br />
representatives of the jobbers and manufacturers to<br />
advance the interest of all concerned.<br />
President H. F. Bantham will probably run over<br />
from Harrisburg and join Secretary Angermyer in<br />
visiting the local trade previous to the meeting of the<br />
officers.
382 .METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND S T E __ M FITTER SEPTEMBEH 17, 1920<br />
Current Notes of All the Trades<br />
PERSONAL NOTES<br />
R. C. KIRK, who recently resigned as president of<br />
LaBelle Iron Works, also has resigned as president<br />
of that company and from the Wheeling Steel Corporation,<br />
of which he was director and a member of<br />
the executive board. Mr. Kirk expects to take a<br />
much-needed rest after 26 years of continuous service,<br />
and has made no plans for the immediate future.<br />
WILLIAM A. LEONARD has been elected vice-president<br />
and general manager of the Imperial Brass Manufacturing<br />
Co., Chicago, well-known makers of Imperial<br />
oxy-acetylene welding equipment, Watrous<br />
plumbing supplies and a general line of automobile<br />
accessories and brasswork. Until recently Mr. Leonard<br />
was associated with Belding Brothers & Co., Chicago<br />
and New York, as <strong>org</strong>anization and sales promotion<br />
manager. This election completes the sales <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
of the Imperial Brass Manufacturing Co..<br />
which ranks as one of the leading brass manufacturing<br />
concerns of the Middle West.<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
THE CONTINENTAL HEATER CO., Dunkirk, N. Y.,<br />
has awarded contract for the superstructure of the<br />
new two-story building at its plant on Otter Street,<br />
to the Dunkirk Mason & Contracting Co., 302 Central<br />
Avenue. It will be 31 x 60 ft. and is estimated to<br />
cost about $20,000.<br />
THE MCNAMARA BROTHERS CO., INC., Kloman<br />
Street, Westport, Md., manufacturer of tanks, boiler<br />
equipment, etc., will soon take bids for an addition,<br />
80 x 200 ft., to cost about $25,000. H. F. Doelmann,<br />
.507 North Charles Street, Baltimore, is architect.<br />
THE BUDD GRATE CO., 2013 East Latterly Street.<br />
Philadelphia, Pa., manufacturer of grates, grate bars,<br />
etc., has filed plans for a one-story building at 2011<br />
Adams Street.<br />
known as the Delaware Brass Co. The same interests<br />
control the Regent Brass Co., Marysville, Ohio.. It<br />
is stated that equipment amounting to $75,000 has<br />
been placed.<br />
THE VICTOR HEATER CO., Marshalltown, Iowa,<br />
manufacturer of lieaters and lieating equipment, has<br />
filed plans for three one-story additions, to provide<br />
about 18,000 sq. ft. of floor space.<br />
Mn. AND MRS. F. H. HILLIER of Cleveland, Ohio. THE MASSACHUSETTS BLOWER CO., Watertown,.<br />
recently made a visit to Pittsburgh and naturally ca.ne Mass., fans, blowers, heaters, etc., is operating a new<br />
in contact with the sheet metal contractors, spending machine and structural department for ornamental<br />
a very pleasant day. The trip also included a visit iron work, etc. C. V. Greene, who was connected with<br />
to Secretary J. B. Riley, whose health for some time the New England Structural Co., Boston, for 15<br />
has interfered with his activities.<br />
years, is in charge of the structural shop. The company<br />
employs about 100 men.<br />
E. H. EITEL of the Special Chemicals Co., Highland<br />
Park. 111., makers of Speco solid sal ammoniac THE W'ALSH & WEIDNER BOILER Co., Grove Street,<br />
and other soldering fluxes, read a paper before the Chattanooga, Tenn., manufacturer of boilers, tanks,-<br />
American Chemical Society Convention in Chicago. etc., has filed plans for a one-story foundry, 80 x 180<br />
ft., to cost about $15,000.<br />
THE ESSEX FOUNDRY, Murray Street, Newark, N.<br />
J., has taken out a permit for a one-story brick addition,<br />
60x152 ft., to cost about $20,000. It specializes<br />
in the manufacture of cast iron pipe.<br />
C. TRIPLETT & Co. is the name of a new firm at<br />
Coffeeville, Miss., which has engaged in the sheet<br />
metal and plumbing business under the name "Globe<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>s." Mr. Triplett is anxious to<br />
receive catalogs and trade literature from manufacturers<br />
and jobbers of plumbing, heating and sheet<br />
metal supplies.<br />
THE NEW JERSEY GAS & ELECTRIC APPLIANCE CO.,<br />
Newark, N. J., recently incorporated to manufacture<br />
gas and electric apparatus, has leased property at<br />
361/2 New Street, for a plant. Max Gray and H. H<br />
Sklar head the company.<br />
The ''Ever Hot" Soldering Tool<br />
Convenience, efficiency and economy are the features<br />
to which the attention of sheet metal workers,<br />
plumbers and all others who do soldering, is called,<br />
by Belfry & Craighead, 1526 Tribune Building, Chicago,<br />
111., who have just put the "Ever Hot" solder-<br />
THE ECONOMY BOILER CO., Ann Arbor, Mich., has<br />
EVER HOT" SOLDERING TORCH<br />
completed plans for the erection of a one-story building<br />
on Main Street, 67 x 130 ft., to cost about $25,000. ing torch on the market. It is given this name bec<br />
it can be used continuously for 8 hr., is a time saver<br />
THE ERECTION OF A PLANT in Delaware, Ohio, for and especially desirable on roofing work. It can be<br />
the manufacture of plumbers' brass goods is being conveniently carried on job, as it weighs but 2 lb. and<br />
planned by interests associated with the Atlas Brass is only 16 in. long.<br />
Co., Cleveland. The new company will be incorpo It is designed for both light and heavy work and<br />
rated with a capital stock of $125,000 and will be copper tips are interchangeable for this purpose. By
SEPTEMBEH 17, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUM<br />
leaving the tifj off the tool is converted into a blow<br />
torch, which has a pointed flame thereby concentrating<br />
the heat at the spot desired.<br />
When the tool is used as soldering torch, the flame<br />
is concentrated at the point. This is accomplished by<br />
the special outlet construction. Control of the flame<br />
and gas mixture is by means of an accurately seated<br />
needle valve. Gasoline is contained in the handle.<br />
which is a hollow brass tube, containing also small<br />
air pump to furnish pressure to force "gas" through<br />
wicking into pre-heating chamber where it is vaporized<br />
preparatory to its ignition.<br />
Simplicity of construction, ease of operation and<br />
continuity of service are the appeals made to practical<br />
men. Further particulars ma}-" be had by addressing<br />
Belfry & Craighead.<br />
SHEET METAL AND FURNACE<br />
THE JUNGERS STOVE & RANGE Co., Grafton, Wis.,<br />
has plans for a three-story addition, 61 x 165 ft., of<br />
brick and concrete, with steel sash, to be used as a<br />
machine and assembling shop, warehouse, shipping<br />
room, etc. The investment in building and equipment<br />
will be about $65,000.<br />
THE KEELEY STOVE Co., Columbia. Pa., manufacturer<br />
of stoves, lieaters, ranges, etc., has increased its<br />
capital from $300,000 to $750,000. It is planning for<br />
the erection of a four-story and basement addition<br />
on North Second Street.<br />
THE PHILADELPHIA GAS RANGE Co., Thirteenth<br />
and Arch Street, Philadelphia, manufacturer of heating<br />
equipment, etc., has increased its capital from<br />
$50,000 to $100,000.<br />
THE COPPER CLAD STEEL CO., Arrott Building,<br />
Pittsburgh, Pa., is planning for an increase in its<br />
capital stock from $400,000 to $600,000.<br />
THE E. W. STEINHART CO., Eleventh Street, Indianapolis,<br />
Ind., has completed plans for a five-story<br />
automobile service and repair building, llOx 125 ft.,<br />
on North Meridan Street, to cost about $400,000.<br />
RECENTLY SALES REPRESENTATIVES in the sash<br />
division of the Truscon Steel Co., Youngstown, Ohio,<br />
held their annual convention at the home office. Sessions<br />
were conducted at the company offices, with<br />
Gustave Kahn, general manager of sales, and Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
F. Bateson, manager of sash sales, in charge.<br />
THE GLOBE METAL PRODUCTS CORPORATION, Sheboygan,<br />
Wis., on September 1 placed in operation its<br />
new gray iron shop, 120x210 ft., erected and<br />
equipped at a cost of approximately $175,000. The<br />
cupola has a capacity of 75 tons in 24 hr. and is<br />
equipped with Wilbrahan-Green blowers and Sullivan<br />
compressor. The company is an outgrowth of the<br />
Globe Foundry & Machine Co., now known as the<br />
Globe Co. It will make soil pipe a chief product, but<br />
also do a jobbing business in gray iron castings. The<br />
officers are: President, G. F. Honold; vice-president,<br />
Frank Diehl; secretary, C. A. Gagner; treasurer, G.<br />
A. DeWilde, Jr. The authorized capital stock is<br />
$250,000.<br />
ER AND STEAM FITTER 383<br />
EMPLOYEES OF THE YOUNGSTOWN SHEET & TUBE<br />
Co. and the Brier Hill Steel Co, both of Youngstown,<br />
Ohio, enjoyed their annual field day programs on<br />
Labor Day. Officials of both companies participated.<br />
Roy Welsh, assistant to the president in charge of<br />
Industrial Relations, directed the Sheet & Tube^company<br />
outing at Campbell Park, while J. F. King, assistant<br />
to Warren F. Perry, manager of Industrial<br />
Relations, was chairman of the Brier Hill company<br />
field day at the Brier Hill athletic park. Cash prizes<br />
donated by the companies were awarded winners in<br />
athletic events.<br />
Injustice to Two Zinc Men<br />
Through one of those unfortunate errors that none<br />
escape, an injustice was done to two men in the pres-<br />
( ntation of the paper prepared for the American Zinc<br />
Institute by Professor A. C. Terrili of the University<br />
of Kansas with the portrait and name of another<br />
leader in the zinc industry. It was wholly an error<br />
with the sole purpose of advancing the interests for<br />
which both men are laboring and apology is made to<br />
both.<br />
It is to be regretted that through the error Arthur<br />
I). Terrili, general manager of the Mineral Point<br />
Zinc Co., Depue, 111., has been placed in a false position.<br />
There is, however, some compensation that<br />
tlirougli the activities of Professor A. C. Terrili, attention<br />
was attracted to him and he has been appointed<br />
to the professorship of geology in a Chinese university<br />
and is soon to leave to take up the work.<br />
A Milestone in Evolution of the Closet<br />
(Continued from Page 368)<br />
whole we are justified in the belief that, like many<br />
other happenings of business life, it will prove a blessing<br />
in disguise. In a few short years the move will<br />
prove its worth. There are still some few men in the<br />
business who will, where they can, cut a hole in a<br />
cast iron soil pipe, stick a piece of lead waste therein<br />
and then after slobbering a handful of Portland cement<br />
around it, have the effrontry to tell the customer<br />
it is a first-class job. There are still some men in that<br />
category. Happily for the trade and the public, they<br />
are getting fewer all the time. In a few short years<br />
the man who will set a closet in putty will be in<br />
the same class with the Portland cement joint<br />
wiper. This is as it should be, always onward<br />
and upward for betterments in plumbing installation.<br />
That is the irresistible trend of the time. We could<br />
not stop it if we would and should not stop it if we<br />
could.<br />
That the plumbing craft is met with the arbitrary<br />
stand of the potters—"We will make no more longhorn<br />
outlet closets whether you want them or not"—<br />
simply accelerates the improvement, which would come<br />
anyhow because it is a move in the right direction. It<br />
it bowling us over in sudden bewilderment but all our<br />
o-ood plumbers who now are stirred to antagonism will<br />
in a short time, realize the right of the movement and<br />
will hasten the good work because they are naturally<br />
progressive.
381 M E T A L W O R K E R , PLUMBER AXD STE A M F I T T E R SEPTEMBER 17, 1920<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Summary<br />
Black und Galvanized Sheets—Box cars scarce, delivery delayed.<br />
Softer.<br />
Tin Plate—Production expanding.<br />
Tin—Dull and soft.<br />
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920 M E T A L WORKER, PI, I' M B E R A X 1) S T E A M F I T T E R 385<br />
Cast iron wheels 43.00 to 44.00<br />
Steel car axles 42.00 to 43.03<br />
Rolled steel wheels 31.00 to 31.50<br />
Machine shop turnings 16.50 to 17.00<br />
Sheet bar ends (at origin) 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 24.00 to 25.00<br />
Short shoveling turnings 19.50 to 20.00<br />
Heavy breakable cast 37.00 to 38.00<br />
Stove plate 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Cast iron borings 20.50 to 21.00<br />
No.l railroad wrought 33.00 to '34.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>'s, New York.— Prices are unchanged. The<br />
same quietness prevails, all metals apparently feeling the<br />
effect of the holiday week. Dealers' buying prices are as<br />
follows:<br />
Cents<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible<br />
per lb.<br />
15.25<br />
Copper, heavy and wires 14.25<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 12.75<br />
Brass, heavy 9.50<br />
Brass, ligbt 7.00<br />
Heavy machine composition 15.00<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 9.00<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turnings 12.25<br />
Lead, heavy 7.50<br />
Lead, tea -. 5.00<br />
Zinc 5.25<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.— All markets are dull with further<br />
concessions in tin, lead and zinc and the buyers holding<br />
off.<br />
Red brass $13.00<br />
Yellow brass, heavy 8.50<br />
Yellow brass, borings 8.50<br />
Heavy wire 13.00<br />
Heavy copper 13.00<br />
Copper clips 13.00<br />
Copper bottoms 11.00<br />
Lead pipe - 6.00<br />
Tea lead 5.00<br />
Tin foil 27.50<br />
Block tin uipe 32.50<br />
Zinc " 4.00<br />
Pewter, No. 1 22.50<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Boston.— Prices show a slowly downward<br />
tendency with the demand decidedly uncertain and the outlook<br />
for still further decreases. While prices remain practically<br />
the same as a week ago, the falling off in demand is<br />
expected to show decreased prices soon. Dealers are nominally<br />
paying as follows:<br />
Heavy crucible copper $15.00 to $15.50<br />
Heavy scrap copper 14.50 to 15.00<br />
Light copper 12.50 to 13.00<br />
Heavy mch. comp. red brass 14.75 to 15.25<br />
Comp. turnings No. 1 12.50 to 1300<br />
Heavy Brass 8.50 to 9.00<br />
Light brass 7.00 to 7.50<br />
Zinc 5.00 to 5.50<br />
Pewter No. 1 34.00 to 36.00<br />
Clean east aluminum 22.00 to 22.50<br />
New aluminum clippings 25.00 to 25.50<br />
Old and painted aluminum 22.00 to 23.00<br />
Old Rubber.— Dullness still pervades the old rubber<br />
market. Prices are but slightly changed. Wholesale dealers'<br />
buying quotations are:<br />
Boots and shoes 5J_ to 6<br />
Trimmed Arctics -i'/i to 4J4<br />
Auto tires 2 to 214<br />
Bicycle tires 1 to l_j<br />
Solid tires IJ. to 2J_<br />
No. 1 inner tubes 10 to 11<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4^_<br />
Mixed Red scrap 3>_ to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap 1J_ to 2<br />
Coton fire hose VA to l'A<br />
Garden hose .4 to 1<br />
Old Rags.—Old rags are moving more briskly although<br />
a waiting position is still apparent. Prices are practically<br />
unchanged, although better prices are anticipated when<br />
more active mill buying begins. Wholesale dealers' prices<br />
are: ' N<br />
No. 1 whites $12.00 to $12.50<br />
No. 2 whites 5.50 to 6.00<br />
Thirds and blues 3.25 to 3.50<br />
Straight garments 2.00 to 2.10<br />
Hard back carpets 1.75 to 1.85<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Paper Stock.—The paper stock market continues fairly<br />
active, with prices firm. Wholesale dealers' buying quotations<br />
for New York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $3.15 to $3.25<br />
Crumpled news 2.10 to 2.20<br />
SHEETS AND METALS<br />
New York, September 17, 1920.<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets.—Scarcity of the lighter<br />
gages of sheets in most clemand continues to be a feature in<br />
this market. In the iiroducing centers a tendency toward<br />
lower prices is noted, but the scarcity of box cars, which<br />
are heing sent West to carry grain,'causes another complication<br />
in the railroad, which have been better for a while<br />
back.<br />
Tin Plate.— The clemand for bright plates having been<br />
well satisfied gives mills opportunity for producing more<br />
roofing plates in which there continues some interest as the<br />
price of other roofing materials show increased cost and<br />
without the value of terne plates for the purpose.<br />
Copper.—While the strength that has been developing<br />
for copper metal has not yet been reflected in rolling mill<br />
or other products, the market is strong.<br />
Tin.—The irregularities that have characterized the pig<br />
tin market continue and the metal has shown some reduction<br />
in price.<br />
Lead.— The disposition noted of shading the market has<br />
been confirmed antl quotations show a reduction of %c per<br />
pound.<br />
Zinc.— The feature of the market is the first substantial<br />
arrival of foreign zinc at this port and was quickly absorbed<br />
without having any appreciable effect upon the home market<br />
as the prices are so low as to be unprofitable.<br />
Antimony.—Confidence in an up-turn of the market because<br />
of a good demand is noted in this metal.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh.— The past fortnight has been<br />
marked by a considerable expansion in sheet mill operations<br />
and better delivery incident to this improvement, as well as<br />
the less urgent demand from the automobile industry, has<br />
resulted in somewhat less pressure for early tonnages. All<br />
makers are one to four months behind in their monthly<br />
quotas, but the maintenance of present steel supplies and<br />
operating conditions would mean considerably less of a<br />
carry-over from this year into 1921 than was estimated a<br />
short time ago. In so'me finishes, manufacturers are likely<br />
to complete present obligations before the end of the year.<br />
Makers are having some trouble in selling the heavier grades<br />
of blue annealed sheets for early delivery at higher than<br />
5.50c base. Mill operations are estimated at higher than 80<br />
per cent capacity.<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgh.— The market has taken on a<br />
somewhat quieter appearance due to the fact that the packing<br />
of perishable foods for this season largely is over and<br />
the demand for tin plate for this purpose consequently has<br />
tapered. This development makes possible the giving of<br />
more attention by manufacturers to the demands from other<br />
sources These requirements are large, for they have been<br />
sidetracked to a considerable extent, for perishable container<br />
needs, and the last quarter of the year ordinarily is a<br />
quiet one in the tin plate mills. This year promises to be<br />
an active period in the making up and shipping of general<br />
line tin plate. Decline in the automobile demand has resulted<br />
in a somewhat easier situation in long ternes, one ot<br />
the big uses of which is in the manufacture of automobile<br />
gasoline tanks. Better supplies of steel and improved railroad<br />
transportation conditions are reflected in increased null<br />
operations. Prices do not change much, hut the American<br />
Sheet & Tin Plate Co. probably will complete its present<br />
obligation earlier in 1921 than was expected a short time<br />
ago and this would make the company more of a factor in<br />
prices in first half tonnages than it otherwise would be.<br />
NOTES ON PRICES<br />
Dinseed Oil—The linseed oil market continues quiet,<br />
purchases being confined to small lots. Prices are practically<br />
unchanged. In lots of 5 bbl. and over, city raw American<br />
seed is quoted at .$1.25 and out-of-town raw American<br />
seed is quoted at $1.25. In lots of less than 5 bbl., 3c more<br />
per gallon is asked. Boiled oil brings 2c more per gallon<br />
than raw oil.
386 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 17, 1920<br />
The Burt line comprises a suflicient<br />
variety of ventilator<br />
types to meet successfully the<br />
requirements on buildings of<br />
every description.<br />
As a Burt representative, your<br />
field is not limited to mills,<br />
shops, factories, and public<br />
buildings. Schools, theatres,<br />
stores, churches and the better<br />
class of residences all need efticient<br />
ventilation.<br />
Our 128-page catalog i s<br />
mailed on application. Write<br />
for it today. It is worth money<br />
to vou.<br />
BURTS<br />
for Every<br />
Requirement<br />
BURT SQUARE VENTILATOR<br />
This type of Ventilator has been designed to meet the requirements<br />
of your customers who prefer a Square Ventilator.<br />
This ventilator has at least 25 per cent greater area<br />
than a round ventilator of the same size. • Can be equipped<br />
with patented sliding sleeve damper or common flat<br />
clamper. This ventilator is furnished with glass top when<br />
desired, and when thus equipped becomes a combination<br />
skylight and ventilator.<br />
The Burt Manufacturing Co.<br />
300 Main Street, Akron, Ohio, U. S.<br />
Geo. W. Reed & Co., Montreal<br />
Sole Manufacturers of "Burt" Ventilators for Canada<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER V.
SEPTEMBER 17, 1930 M E T A L W O R K E R , P L U M B E R<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.— There is .little demand in the<br />
spirits of turpentine market. In machine barrels in yard,<br />
wholesale price is $1.50 per gallon.<br />
Rosin.— The rosin market is inactive. Prices are slightly<br />
increased. On the basis of 280 lb. to the barrel, the wholesale<br />
price of eornmon-to-good strained is .$14.00. Grade D<br />
is $14.00.<br />
Iron and Steel Pipe.—No special change is noted,<br />
either in prices or in general conditions. The National Tube<br />
Co. is operating practically all of its plants in full, but is<br />
piling more of its production than it is shipping. Independents<br />
in the Pittsburgh district and in Youngstown are<br />
making a fairly good showing, both as regards mill operations<br />
and shipments, but all are still far behind their orders<br />
and jobbers are exerting a good deal of pressure for shipments.<br />
A new composite oil country pipe card, patterned<br />
after that of the National Tube Co.,'has been issued by the<br />
independent companies.<br />
Foundry Coke.—So irregular are the car placements<br />
in the Connellsville region that the beehive oven coke market<br />
is extremely erratic, and price tendencies rarely are in<br />
the same direction for as long a period as 24 hours. Operators<br />
even this week regard $17.50 as a minimum price on<br />
standard furnace fuel, and are inclined to believe that so<br />
long as coal can be sold at $9 and $10 per ton, at mines,<br />
the likelihood is slight of a sharp break in prices. The<br />
recent adjustment of eoal mine and coke oven lagor wages<br />
made by the H. C. Frick Coke Co. and followed by other<br />
companies in the Connellsville district, it is figured, will<br />
add from 40c to 50c per ton to the cost of making coke.<br />
Few producers yet are shipping 100 per cent against contracts<br />
and, between the attempt to catch up with the obligations<br />
and the spot demands from outside points, accumulations<br />
in the region are small. Spot foundry coke are quotable<br />
from $17.50 to $18 generally, but selected 72-hr. fuel is<br />
not plentiful under $18.50. The contract market is at a<br />
standstill. First half of 1921 requirements are not being<br />
much considered, pending the more settled market in pig<br />
iron.<br />
Ryerson Machinery Quarterly<br />
The first issue of the Machinery Quarterly, a new<br />
addition to the lately inaugurated Ryerson Steel-Serviee<br />
Book, has just come from the press and is called<br />
to the attention of machinery users, so that they may<br />
become more familiar with the extent of the line handled<br />
by Joseph T. Ryerson & Son, Chicago, 111.<br />
It is a convenient, condensed method of presenting<br />
descriptive matter and gives a representative line of<br />
equipment, including one or more machines or tools of<br />
each of the various classes, with a brief description<br />
and specifications. The purpose of the quarterly is<br />
given in the introduction and it points out "that the<br />
line has grown so greatly and embraces such a varied<br />
range of equipment that a catalog would be extremely<br />
large and would contain a number of special machines<br />
for which the average buyer would hnve no room in<br />
his shop.<br />
Service is the aim of the company and it has 5 large<br />
plants, pictures of which are shown, and 11 branch<br />
offices in principal cities.<br />
An index is given and the following machinery is<br />
shown and described, engine lathes, heavy-duty<br />
planers, crank shapers, radial, sliding and stationary<br />
head drills, milling machines, grinding machines,<br />
power hammers, friction, band and power hack saws.<br />
Other machines shown are: inclinable power presses,<br />
hand bending breaks, power punch and shears, alligator,<br />
slitting, squaring, serpentine shears, bending<br />
rolls, tube and pipe-cutting machines, wire nail machines,<br />
welding outfits, portable electric drills, hand<br />
punches, angle shears, power and chain hoists, bar<br />
benders and flue expanders.<br />
Then so the buyer will not f<strong>org</strong>et where all these<br />
machines and tools can be had, the branch office adi<br />
,„.. „~A tolenhone numbers are given.<br />
A N D STEAM FITTER 387<br />
FROST-PROOF<br />
CLOSETS<br />
are helping plumbers to<br />
build bigger business<br />
from existing buildings<br />
Your customers who are postponing<br />
new building operations will be glad<br />
to avail themselves of the convenience<br />
of the VOGEL in unheated places,<br />
such as the garage, back porch or<br />
yard.<br />
You can meet this demand<br />
with the VOGEL.<br />
It is simple to install.<br />
All ready assembled and<br />
tested when you get it.<br />
No pit needed.<br />
Ask your jobber or<br />
send to us for catalogue.<br />
Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
Wilmington<br />
Delaware<br />
Terne Plates<br />
Have been scarce but not<br />
with us. We are prepared to<br />
quote for shipment from stock<br />
or later delivery on all grades<br />
from 8 pound to 40 pound<br />
coating. Submit to us your<br />
specifications.<br />
N. &G. TAYLOR CO.<br />
300 CHESTNUT STREET<br />
Philadelphia, Pa.
38b<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide ranges in<br />
price continue.<br />
METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
SEPTEMBER 17, 1920<br />
The quotations given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks.<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sufficiently heavj<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticable<br />
to name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over<br />
99% pure, in ingots for remelting,<br />
100-lb. lots—37 to 39c<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per Ib.<br />
_~ .„ 9c to 10c<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET-<br />
£.f_„E rice Nominal<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4 50<br />
CONDUCTORS-<br />
Corrugated-<br />
Round or Square-<br />
Galvanized steel 30%<br />
Toncan or ingot 15%<br />
Copper 10%<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe-<br />
Galvanized 20c_><br />
Spiral Riveted— '"<br />
Galvanized On application<br />
(See also elbows and shoes;<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers,<br />
Conductor.)<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS-<br />
(See Strainers, Conductor.)<br />
COPPER—<br />
Lake ingot 21-215_c<br />
Electrolytic 20-21c<br />
Casting .191/ _;;0c<br />
COPPER SHEETS<br />
Hot Rolled, 24-oz. base price, per<br />
lb., 29Hc mill.<br />
H<br />
5 in 4.25 4.05 3.00 ROSIN—<br />
5_j in 4.90 4.50 3.50 Common to good strained (whole<br />
6 in 5.05 4.75 4.00 sale). 2X1 lbs.. per bbl $14.00<br />
7 in 6.50 7.50 SHEETS—<br />
ELBOWS AND SHOES—<br />
Blue Annealed—<br />
Galvanized Steel—<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
Plain Round and Corrugated- No. 10, per Ib 6.50-8.10<br />
All sizes up to 6 in<br />
Square—<br />
5C% No.<br />
Xo.<br />
12, per lb<br />
14, per lb<br />
6.55-8.15<br />
6.60-8.20<br />
Square 40% No. 16, per lb 6.70-8.30<br />
Copper-<br />
No. Black— One Pass. C. R.<br />
All sizes Net List No. 22 to 24, per lb Soft 8.85-10.85 Steel<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings-<br />
No. 18 26, to<br />
per lb 8.90-10.90<br />
20, per lb 8.80-10.8O<br />
Standard list.-Prices on application No. 27, per lb 8.95-10.95<br />
LEAD—<br />
No. 28, per lb 9.00-11.00<br />
American Pig. per lb. ..10c to lie No. 29, per lb 9.05-11.05<br />
Bar. per lb 11'._ to 12c No. 30, per lb 9.25-11.25<br />
METAL LATH—<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 wide,<br />
10c higher<br />
Under 100 sq. yd. per sq. yd. 40c<br />
Wellsville Polished—<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.—<br />
20 gauge 11.60<br />
Leads—<br />
22 and 24 gauge 11.70<br />
Lead, American White, in Oil,<br />
26 gauge 11.80<br />
kegs less than 500 lbs., 15"/3c<br />
28 gauge 12.00<br />
Lead, White, in Oil, 25-lb. tin<br />
Galvanized—<br />
pails; add to keg price %c<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
Lead, Red, in Oil, less than 500<br />
Nos. 12 and 14 9.10-11.10<br />
lbs., 15c<br />
No. 16 9.25-11.25<br />
Dry Colors-<br />
Nos. 18 and 20 9.40-11.40<br />
Red Venetian, American,<br />
Nos. 22 and 24 9.25-11.55<br />
Per 100 lbs., 2y2 to 5c<br />
No. 26 9.70-11.70<br />
<strong>Metal</strong>lic Paints-<br />
No. 27 9.85-11.85<br />
48 in. Brown, per ton $32.00 to $36.00<br />
No. 28 10.00-12.00<br />
to Red, per ton 35.00 40.00<br />
No. 30 10.50-13.00<br />
From stock 31c to 33c in 100 lb. 96. lots in. Oils-<br />
No. 28 and lighter, 36 in. wide,<br />
and over.<br />
sq. ft. Linseed City Raw $1.25<br />
20c higher<br />
For less than 100-lb. lots, 2c per 7c Ib Linseed, Boiled, advance, per<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Galvanized—<br />
advance.<br />
6c gal 2c<br />
2!_ in. corrugations, 30 per 100 lbs.<br />
Colled Rolled, 2c 14 and heavier 9c Out of Town American Seed<br />
over flat sheets.<br />
per lb. advance over hot rolled more at $1.25<br />
Corrugated Roofing—Painted-<br />
Polished— 48 jn. 24 oz. Spirits Turpentine-<br />
Prices quoted on application.<br />
long<br />
in Machine Bbl $1.50<br />
2J_-in. Corrugation<br />
and Over PUTTY—<br />
No. 22, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
less 96.in. Pure tubs, 120 lbs., per lb 4.50c<br />
No. 24, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
sq. ft. sq. ft. In 1-lb to 5-lb. tins, 6.00 to 7.35c<br />
No. 26, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
10 in. wide and under 6c 6c REGISTERS—<br />
No. 28, per 100 sq. ft.<br />
10 in. to 36 in. wide... 5c 7c Cast Iron 10%<br />
SLATE ROOFING—<br />
Over 36 in. wide 8c 8c Semi-Steel or Steel, in Black for<br />
F. O. B. cars. Quarry Station.<br />
Planished, l;_c per sq. ft White Japan or Electro plate and<br />
Per Square<br />
than Polished.<br />
Small Faces and Borders 20%<br />
According<br />
Bottom, Pitts and Flats,<br />
Wall Frames 20%<br />
Pennsylvania— to size<br />
base and heavier, per lb 38c Large Faced, 14 x 14 in. and<br />
Best Bangor $8.00 to $11.00<br />
Tinning— 96 jn.<br />
larger 40%<br />
No. 1 Bang. Ribbon... 8.00 to 9 00<br />
long<br />
Base Board Registers 20%<br />
Pen Argyl 7.75 t0<br />
and<br />
825<br />
Base Board Intakes 20%<br />
Peach Bottom 10.50 to 12.50<br />
less<br />
White Enameled Goods 5%<br />
No. 1 Chapman 7.75 to 8.75<br />
„ . sq. ft.<br />
Solid Brass or Bronze Goods, ex<br />
Vermont-<br />
20 in. wide and under 5c<br />
cept Grilles Net<br />
No- 1 Sea Green $5.00 to $8.50<br />
Over 20 in. to 48 in. wide 6c<br />
Grilles in Black and White Japan<br />
Unfading Green 6.50 to 13.50<br />
Over 48 in. wide 7c<br />
or Electroplate in Cast Iron Plain K<br />
, 22.00<br />
EAVES TROUGH—<br />
Lattice, Design. Smaller than<br />
Maine—<br />
Galvanized—Toncan or ingot, 25% 14 x 14 in.,<br />
Brownsville, Unfading Black<br />
Galvanized steel 40%<br />
Prices on application<br />
CoPPer HAYNES SELLING .' w% ROOFING COMPANY<br />
c,<br />
MATERIAL—<br />
EAVES TROUGH MITERS— 1-Ply Tarred Paper, per ton,<br />
Lan ,,r Slip Joint, 20'i from double<br />
$102.00<br />
licit.<br />
per roll, 108 sq. ft.<br />
CHARCOAL Heating STOVE Specialists PIPE<br />
2-Ply Tarred Paper $1.60<br />
ELBOWS—<br />
3-Ply Tarred Paper 2.00<br />
. . No. 1 No. 2 No. 3<br />
Rosin Sized Sheathing,<br />
* ,">: $4.00 $3.90$ 2.75<br />
Prices on application<br />
*'7i<br />
Modulated<br />
m<br />
and<br />
4.10<br />
Vacuum<br />
3.95<br />
Heating<br />
2.85<br />
Systems<br />
Roofing Pitch, per ton $30.00<br />
Adapted for all Types<br />
Open<br />
of<br />
per<br />
Buildings<br />
lb 15c<br />
No - 1 ••• $14.00<br />
Slaters felt, 30-lb roll .00<br />
SOLDER- 4 °- Ibr0 " 2 ' 25<br />
Prices of Solder indicated by<br />
private brands very according tocomposition.<br />
SOLDERING FLUXES—<br />
Yaeger's Salts;<br />
1-lb. cans, each 60<br />
5-lb cans, each $3.00<br />
A. S. P. Fluid:<br />
Gallon $1.25<br />
12-gal. Carboy 90c per gallon<br />
(Jug and carboy extra)<br />
Callahan's Non-Corrosive, ' per<br />
gal $1.75<br />
SOLDERING COPPERS—<br />
Per lb. in 300-lb. lots SOc<br />
In 100 to 300-lb. lots advance 2c<br />
per lb.<br />
In lots of less than 100 lbs., advance<br />
4c per lb.<br />
STRAINERS, CONDUCTOR—<br />
2 in. 3 in. 4 in. 5 in.<br />
Copper $2.80 $3.75 $5.75 $9.00 dz.<br />
Galv 80 1.15 1.65 2.75 dz.<br />
TIN PIGS AND BARS—<br />
Straits, pigs per lb 50c<br />
Straits, in bars, per lb. ..55c to 58c<br />
TIN PLATES—AMERICAN<br />
Cliarcoal Plates—Bright—<br />
N. B.—The price of 14 x 20<br />
"AAA" Charcoal Melyn Grade:<br />
IC, 14 x 20 $16.50<br />
IX, 14 x 20 18.75<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 20.50<br />
IXXX, 14 x 20 22.25<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 23.75<br />
"A" Charcoal Allaways Grade:<br />
IC, 14x20 $14.25<br />
IX, 14 x 20 16.25<br />
IXX, 14 x 20 18.00<br />
IXXX, 14 x 20 19.75<br />
IXXXX, 14 x 20 21.50<br />
Coke Plates, Bright-<br />
Prime, 14 x 20 in.:<br />
80-lb $11.80<br />
90-Ib 11.90<br />
100-lb 12.00<br />
IC 12.25<br />
IX 13.25<br />
IXX 14.25<br />
IXXX 15.25<br />
IXXXX 16.25<br />
Terne Plate-<br />
Small lu.s, 8-lb. Coating:<br />
100-lb., 14 x 20 $9.35<br />
IC. 14 x 20 9.50<br />
Refined ' '-><<br />
IX, 14 x 20 10.50<br />
8c<br />
IC, 14 x 20 Stamped and Re<br />
squared:<br />
12-lb. Coating $11.50<br />
15-lb. Coating 11.75<br />
20-lb. Duplex Coating Gratings fa_ 12.25<br />
30-lb. Coating 13.50<br />
35-lb. "Pipeless Coating Furnaces" 14.25<br />
M. F. Grade 13.50<br />
-!0-lb. Strong Coating Construction 15.00 to 15.50<br />
r tec '; guaranteed 36c<br />
Nn ] WASTE Neat COTTON— Design<br />
- -.- - 3.V<br />
Per Durable lb. in 5-lb. Finishes bags 22c<br />
ZINC SHEETS—<br />
Western Proper Slabs Proportions Be 10-llc<br />
Sheets<br />
tween<br />
No.<br />
Hot<br />
9 base<br />
Air<br />
casks<br />
Outlet<br />
14J_e<br />
and Cold Air Return.<br />
Over 26 Years' Experience<br />
1711 Sansome Street - Philadelphia, Pa.<br />
Sizes Made<br />
22x24—16 24x27—18<br />
31x30—22 30x36—24<br />
35x35—26 36x36—28<br />
40x40—30 45x45—3*<br />
Please quote METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER V.:.<br />
THE BEST<br />
REGISTER CO.<br />
Makers of Everything m<br />
Regutert.<br />
Milwaukee, Wi».
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong><br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> & <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
FLORAL PARK, N. Y., SEPTEMBER 2i, 19_0<br />
lhe Magazine f OT<br />
The Combination Shop<br />
Copyright 1920 by the Architectural<br />
and Building Press, Inc.<br />
VOLUME 94, No. 13<br />
Use County Fair to Boom Your Business<br />
The Heating, Plumbing and Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Trades Can<br />
Each Make a Trade Building Exhibit, a Joint Enterprise,<br />
All Supporting It — All iProfiting from It<br />
T H E season is at hand for the pumpkin<br />
shows and "hoss" trots and everybody<br />
goes. Why not give them one in the<br />
eye that will fill their hearts full of gladness?<br />
All the manufacturers would be<br />
interested in aiding by furnishing printed<br />
matter and the cost of a few signs would<br />
be insignificant when borne by the association,<br />
if there is one in the community,<br />
or divided among the tradesmen united for<br />
the purpose of making an exhibit in each of the different<br />
fields in which he is particularly interested.<br />
There would be no trouble about getting the outfit<br />
to show a farm water supply<br />
equipment for the<br />
bath room, the laundry<br />
and the kitchen and one<br />
that would run a generator<br />
to put electricity in a<br />
storage battery to light<br />
the whole building when<br />
the sun goes down. There<br />
might be more trouble in<br />
getting the gang to unite<br />
in closing. A pipeless<br />
furnace or a pipe job, for<br />
that matter, could be displayed<br />
without any difficulty,<br />
showing the multitude<br />
what the market affords<br />
in this line.<br />
It would be just as easy<br />
to show one of the boiler<br />
jobs with all the radiators<br />
on the same floor<br />
level exactly as it would<br />
be installed in a bungalow<br />
cottage home. If<br />
eaves troughs and down spouts and a sample<br />
of metal shingle roofing, tin roofing,<br />
corrugated roofing and siding, metal and<br />
that sort of thing were arranged in attractive<br />
educational display it would not be<br />
very much trouble to start the sightseer<br />
asking a lot of questions to enable him to<br />
take home information that brings in the<br />
shekels later on.<br />
Where there was a "hoss" trot, there<br />
would be no trouble about getting a lot of tin pipes<br />
and other things on a wagon and starting the horse<br />
against another wagon loaded with a bath tub, water<br />
closet and plumbing goods<br />
and still another wagon<br />
with some kind of heating<br />
apparatus. If that array<br />
of talent scored down for<br />
the word before the<br />
grandstand it would spell<br />
approbation in an outburst.<br />
Some other kind<br />
of noise that would attract<br />
attention, a proper<br />
streamer or two to tell<br />
the people that they had<br />
better drop around to the<br />
main tent and see what<br />
was going on there which<br />
they could remember with<br />
advantage all , the year<br />
would proclaim every<br />
starter a winner. If<br />
•You are 100 vears behind the times if you try to warm<br />
vour home with open Ares." Would such a float as<br />
shown above with above on a banner attract attention<br />
coming clown the track?<br />
SUGGESTION FOR FLOAT AT COUNTY FAIR<br />
these floats did not show<br />
actual speed in covering<br />
ground, they would show<br />
some of the speed of the<br />
enterprise of the trades-
390 METAI, WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24, 1920-<br />
men in the territory and might bring some fellow in<br />
from the farm to buy something that he otherwise<br />
would overlook.<br />
Certainly if at the different exhibits the names of<br />
all of the contractors in the different fields participating<br />
in the display were given it would enable a fellow<br />
to select his favorite and do business a little later<br />
on. There is a fine chance to show different kinds<br />
of bath room fixtures and heating apparatus.<br />
It is hardly necessary to make any further suggestions<br />
to the tradesman in any popular center about<br />
using the countrv fair to build business. If any further<br />
advice on the matter might be desired, it maj',<br />
undoubtedly, be obtained through the bulletins of the<br />
National Trade Extension Bureau. The country fair<br />
also offers opportunity to secure the addresses of<br />
those who call and look over the goods with the idea<br />
Would this lloat score a dead heat with the other shown<br />
in attracting attention?<br />
ANOTHER SUGGESTION FOR FLOAT AT COUNTY FAIR<br />
of making a visit to their homes later on to give them<br />
better and fuller information and see to it the exhibits<br />
increase the trade in the field to more than repay the<br />
time and energy expended.<br />
It is only necessarv for four or five, or eight or ten<br />
men in any one of the different fields to get together<br />
and discuss the matter to secure all the suggestions as<br />
to what to do and how to do it to insure, for the smallest<br />
outlay of money and energy, a show that would<br />
receive almost as much attention as the pie and cake<br />
display.<br />
There is one thought which should be continually<br />
kept in mind. It is a mistake to let any large assembly<br />
of people gather anywhere without tradesmen utilizing<br />
the opportunity to display the things which a<br />
large number will be interested in and manv will need<br />
for the comfort of their health and tlieir home.<br />
If there is a combination float made up to go circulating<br />
around the fair grounds and around the town<br />
wliile the exhibit is on at the fair, it will bring many<br />
visitors to the exhibit that might otherwise overlook it.<br />
A good float with a good sign and used judiciously at<br />
the busy time facilitate some extra action.<br />
Now why not arrange for this joint exhibit and let<br />
the trade throughout the countrv get busy on the<br />
county fair demonstration of the things which the<br />
trade can supply to make homes happier, home labor<br />
lighter and home comforts greater? It points to<br />
WE RflfTH THAT LEADS<br />
TO MONEY (N THE BANK<br />
Credits and Collections<br />
BY G. A. FROMM*<br />
Editor's Note—This article contains some very<br />
logical arguments based upon intimate knowledge of<br />
the field. It is timely. <strong>Plumber</strong>s and fitters can and<br />
should strive to use more modern methods in their<br />
businesses. The bankers, manufacturers and jobbers<br />
all stand ready to co-operate with the plumber or<br />
fitter in progressive effort of this nature. Time spen<br />
by every plumber or fitter in careful consideration of<br />
the thoughts expressed in this article and their appli<br />
cation to an analysis of his business can but result in<br />
a saving to entire industry and more security for all.<br />
Co-operate with your banker, manufacturer and jobber<br />
in these unusual times and let them help you make<br />
an analysis of your business.<br />
THE degree of success of the members of this association<br />
depends, in a very large measure upon<br />
the success of their individual customers, and perhaps,<br />
as never before, the question of credit will, in<br />
these strenuous and unusual times, determine success<br />
or failure to many business enterprises.<br />
In perhaps no other line is the extension of credit<br />
so great or liberal when compared with the amount of<br />
working capital of our customers, for very often it<br />
is found that a plumber or fitter having a working<br />
capital of $1,000, can secure a total combined credit<br />
of ten or more times that amount, which means that<br />
supply houses and manufacturers have so much more<br />
invested in his business than he has himself.<br />
If it were not for the fact that this method of doing<br />
business has been carried on for years, and with fair<br />
success, we would probablv say, "It can't be done."<br />
I wonder how many of us would be willing as individuals<br />
to invest $500 or $1,000 in the average<br />
plumber's business, especially if we knew that many<br />
others had made a similar investment, and the combined<br />
amount was far in excess of his own investment.<br />
and he, as manager, was absolutely free to do as he<br />
liked, and if he so chose, could settle accounts or make<br />
distribution of returns just as he might choose, equal<br />
portions to all or all to one and none to others if he<br />
were so inclined? This is good food for thought for<br />
there is a great deal of this being done right along.<br />
The present financial conditions call for the best<br />
possible credit administration.<br />
While I am far from being a pessimist, I, however,<br />
feel that, due to the many unusual conditions existing<br />
to-day, the credit and collection manager will have<br />
to be alert, conservative, constructive and diplomatic<br />
as never before, in order to properly guide the affairs<br />
of his own concern as well as of the trade.<br />
For, as our products are used almost entirely in<br />
new and old building construction, our customers will<br />
naturally be affected by the shutting off of loans to<br />
builders, contractors and individuals. We have not<br />
as yet been seriously affected by this, although this<br />
has been in force for some time, but I believe that its<br />
effect will be very pronounced in the coming months,<br />
as many of the jobs are nearing completion, and the<br />
loans that were expected will not be realized, therefore,<br />
resulting in our customer's payments being held<br />
up, as he is one of the last to finish and he will, there-<br />
•Member of Credit Commi'ttee of Eastern Supply Assn.<br />
(Continued on Page 392)
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 METAI. WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEA.M FITTER 391<br />
Unusual Problems in Setting Ventilators<br />
Suggested Methods of Setting a Roof Ventilator Over a Photograph<br />
er's Dark-Room Without Allowing Any Direct or Reflected Rays of<br />
Light to Enter — Letting Out the Air While Keeping Out the Light<br />
ASUBSCRIBER has appealed for help on a prob<br />
lem of setting a roof ventilator over a photographer's<br />
dark room in a manner to give adequate<br />
ventilation and at the same time prevent any direct<br />
or reflected rays of light coming down the ventilating<br />
duct. His letter outlining this problem and the replies<br />
of several manufacturers to which it has been<br />
submitted are given in the following:<br />
From Z. G., New England. I will appreciate it if<br />
some reader of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER can give me, through the Melting Pot of Business,<br />
some help on a little bit of work I have been<br />
called on to do. I have been asked to install an 18-in.<br />
ventilator on the roof of a building over a photographer's<br />
dark room. As I cannot have any light come<br />
in through this ventilator, I would like to know how<br />
many baffle plates I will have to put in the pipe and<br />
the style of the same. The pipe and the ventilator<br />
are to be painted black on the inside.<br />
From the A. M. Basman Co., Inc., manufacturer of<br />
ventilators, Detroit, Mich. I am enclosing a sketch<br />
showing a ventilating hood for a dark room. The hood<br />
is to be made of sheet metal with about 30 mesh black<br />
cheese cloth attached as shown, and spaced about 2V2<br />
or 3 in. apart, giving a space at the bottom and the<br />
top for free circulation of air. At A there should be<br />
a sheet of cloth with a coarse weave placed baggy so<br />
any dust which may accumulate can be shaken off.<br />
The writer recently installed a job similar to this and<br />
it has worked out most satisfactory to the photographer.<br />
From the Burt Manufacturing Co., Akron, Ohio.<br />
Referring to your letter of June 25, in which you have<br />
asked for information in regard to our experience on<br />
furnishing ventilators and the necessary apparatus for<br />
use in connection with dark rooms, we are pleased to<br />
give you the following:<br />
THREE METHODS OF ARRANGING VENTILATION<br />
This is a rather simple proposition when you know<br />
how to do the work and we therefore take pleasure in<br />
handing you herewith pencil sketch showing three different<br />
methods of applying ventilators to a dark room.<br />
Sketch No. 3, however, is the ideal proposition and is<br />
absolute in its action. You will note that sketch No. 3<br />
shows an 18-in. square box and baffle plates that<br />
slightly overlap, the ventilator going out at the top<br />
and one side and the air shaft going out from the<br />
lower part on the other side.<br />
This apparatus can be installed right on the roof,<br />
or if there is sufficient room under the roof, it can be<br />
installed and allow the ventilator and air shaft to<br />
run up through the roof.<br />
Sketch No. 1 shows a simple proposition of air shaft<br />
and ventilator with three or four baffles. We have<br />
sliown four on our sketch so as to make the proposition<br />
absolutely secure.<br />
Sketch No. 2 simply sliows a ventilator with the<br />
necessary air shaft at right angles. This air shaft<br />
can be made either square or round, as indicated in<br />
the pencil sketch and if the air shaft between the<br />
ventilator and the shaft that goes down into the dark<br />
room is sufficiently long, no baffles will be required. It<br />
should be painted black, however.<br />
We trust that your correspondent will understand<br />
these crude sketches and that our information may be<br />
of value both to you and your subscriber. If at any<br />
time we can be of service to you, we will be only too<br />
glad to give you the benefit of our long specialized<br />
experience.<br />
From F. 0. Schoedinger, manufacturer of ventilators,<br />
Columbus, Ohio. In reply to your letter of June<br />
25, concerning installing a ventilator over the dark<br />
No.l<br />
is<br />
5;<br />
THREE METHODS OF SETTING VENTILATOR AS RECOM<br />
MENDED BY THE BURT MANUFACTURING CO<br />
room of a photographv gallery, we are inclined to<br />
think that the use of louvres would be very detrimental<br />
to the efficiencv of these ventilators.<br />
We would rather advise an elbow at the bottom,
392 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
shown in solid lines, in the accompanying sketch, but as to exclude the light, we have worked out this prob<br />
should this not prove satisfactory, the elbow could be lem satisfactorily on several occasions by offsetting<br />
completed, as per the dotted line in the sketch repro the up-take pipe. If this is done and the inside<br />
duced below.<br />
painted black vour correspondent will find that the<br />
Under any circumstances the ventilator and pipe<br />
should be painted black on the inside.<br />
The Kain & Aunger Co., manufacturer of the Si-Fo<br />
problem is solved.<br />
ventilator, Cleveland, Ohio. Your letter of June 25<br />
has been referred to me with its inquiry on ventilating<br />
Credits and Collections<br />
a dark room for a photographer.<br />
I am attaching herewith a sketch showing the arrangement<br />
I would suggest. I would recommend a<br />
12-in. Si-Fo ventilator with a capacity of 540 cu. ft.<br />
per minute. I would suggest starting it with an 18 x<br />
18-in duct, transforming this into a pipe 12 in. in<br />
diameter. By setting red glass in pieces 12 x 18 in. as<br />
indicated, I believe all daylight will be kept out.<br />
From Milwaukee Corrugating Co., Milwaukee, Wis.<br />
Referring to the inquiry from a subscriber which you<br />
have forwarded to us, the correspondent states that<br />
an 18-in. ventilator is required. In this connection we<br />
will say that an 18-in. Alpha ventilator which we manufacture<br />
and which appears as shown in the accompanying<br />
outline, will take care of a room 15x 15x 12<br />
ft. We would suggest that this ventilator be set as<br />
shown with a suspended pan beneath, the inside of<br />
which should be painted black. This will prevent any<br />
light entering by reflection. The pan may be sus<br />
AlP.nA verrf.ivror<br />
\<br />
- '• • F<br />
/' " "Nf<br />
;;<br />
J ^^penaed Han<br />
lr..r.*Pa BlC.r. In,.,<br />
Roof^<br />
C; • mper i<br />
0 1<br />
r<br />
] Ceding ,'<br />
!<br />
Suggestion by Milwaukee<br />
Corrugating Co.<br />
pended either from the ventilator<br />
shaft or from the ceiling.<br />
This is a detail which<br />
will be governed largely by<br />
the room construction.<br />
We have indicated a damper<br />
to be placed in the ventilator<br />
shaft. This is equipped<br />
with a chain with which to<br />
open or close it as may be<br />
desired by the occupant.<br />
We are always glad to be<br />
of service to any sheet metal<br />
man in working with him in<br />
solving any ventilating problem<br />
and we are glad you<br />
submitted this problem to us.<br />
From Fenn Ventilator Co.,<br />
Boston, Mass. Referring<br />
to the problem of setting<br />
a roof ventilator over a<br />
photographer's dark room so<br />
Suggested by F. O. Schoedinger Suggested by Kain A; Aunger Co.<br />
(Continued from Page 390)<br />
fore, try to shift this unlooked-for burden upon our<br />
shoulders.<br />
I have also found that much work has been done<br />
for individuals, so ealled, "Good as Gold," and while<br />
that may be true, still many of them are holding up<br />
payment because they are short of ready cash, they<br />
have stocks, bonds, etc., but on account of the market<br />
being way down, they will not at this time sacrifice<br />
in order to pay their bills.<br />
NECESSITY OF LEARNING MODERN BUSINESS METHODS<br />
No doubt, all credit men have been for a long time<br />
past endeavoring to educate their customers to the<br />
necessity of modern business methods, in stipulating<br />
proper arrangements for payments in all their contracts,<br />
etc., but it is surprising how difficult it is to<br />
get some of them out of the rut in which they have<br />
been for years.<br />
No doubt, the only remedy for such, who will not<br />
learn, is credit extinction, and if administered properly,<br />
it will undobutedly result in being a blessing in<br />
disguise for many.<br />
As the Trade Extension Bureau is arranging to<br />
have a number of traveling representatives, I believe<br />
they should be well trained in credit matters so as<br />
to present this important subject in the proper way<br />
in order to have the desired results both for the trade<br />
and the concerns who are backing up and financing<br />
this educational campaign to make better business<br />
men of our customers.<br />
It might also be desirable to enlist the services of<br />
credit men in various parts of the country to co-operate<br />
with these representatives when presenting the<br />
work of the T. E. B. at local and state conventions<br />
or meetings of the various plumbers' and steam fitters'<br />
<strong>org</strong>anizations. For, without question, the plumber<br />
or steamfitter is now more in need of advice regarding<br />
credit and collection than at any previous time.<br />
W\\\ ^ A?0<br />
\<br />
. \ \ \ \<br />
V \ V \ \<br />
// // /<br />
//III<br />
i / / i<br />
I<br />
/ / i /<br />
/ I ' / i<br />
I / i/i<br />
i I<br />
Suggested by A. M. Basman Co., Inc.<br />
-i a<br />
THREE METHODS OF SETTING A ROOF VENTILATOR OVER A PHOTOGRAPHER'S DARK ROOM SO AS TO EXCLUDE ALL LIGHT<br />
L-A
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 JI E T A L WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM F I T T E R<br />
How to Apply Corrugated Zinc Roofin<br />
Two "Service Sheets" Issued for General Free Distribution by American<br />
Zinc Institute. Detailing Methods of Using Corrugated Zinc Sheets as<br />
Roofing, Including Hips. Valleys. Monitors, Gutters, Flashings and the Like<br />
T W O "Service Sheets" giving details of how to apply<br />
corrugated zinc sheets as roofing, siding and<br />
in co-related work have just been published for<br />
general distribution by the Ameriean Zinc Institute,<br />
27 Cedar Street, New York City. The fronts of these<br />
"Service Sheets" give details of the installation of the<br />
application of this material, as may be judged by the<br />
reproduction in miniature of one of these particular<br />
"Sheets" as shown in the accompanying illustration.<br />
On the back of each sheet are standard specifications,<br />
with estimating data and other information.<br />
The value of these "Sheets" to the sheet metal<br />
contractor, who is anxious to be posted on all phases<br />
BOOR -COBEUGATED ZINC I 5E__X_E<br />
HIPS - WLLEY5 • M0NH0D51<br />
CUTTCBS-C-TLA-H-IC-<br />
I ^WT««-TUvroon, A,<br />
| \ I .*__• . -. f<br />
393<br />
Figure 2 gives a valley detail. These details show<br />
the "weep holes," also how the lining is held in place<br />
by screws run through slotted holes. Naturally these<br />
details give the measurements. The following "specification<br />
is lettered on the detail. "Valleys are lined<br />
with 13-gauge zinc, bent so as to form as a pocket as<br />
shown. Lining should be supported throughout its<br />
entire length to prevent ice and snow from sagging<br />
same.<br />
Figure 6 shows a stack run through zinc roofing<br />
and the method of flashing. The following instruction<br />
accompanies this illustration: "A square hole is cut<br />
in roofing to receive stack. Edge of hole should be<br />
cut at least 1 in. away from stack on all sides. A<br />
jacket composed of 13-gauge zinc, square at the bottom<br />
and round at the top, is then placed over hole.<br />
Bottom of jacket is cut to fit into roof corrugations<br />
and curled out 1 in. at the edge. This edge is then<br />
soldered to the roofing. Stack is then run through<br />
hole and the 13-gauge zinc hood is attached in the<br />
position shown."<br />
As illustrating the completeness of these "Service<br />
Sheets," a reference might be made to Figure 15<br />
which gives a detail of the guy wire fastening for a<br />
stack such as that'referred to in Figure 6. The illustrations<br />
show the method of attaching the flange and<br />
the instruction lettering; states that the "flange of<br />
angle is run through slotted hole in high part of corrugations.<br />
Slot to be * -j in. longer than the flange.<br />
Flashed with 13-gauge zinc."<br />
The foregoing indicates the character of the information<br />
given on one of these "Service Sheets." The<br />
extent of the information is indicated by the following:<br />
Figure 3 gives specifications and details of a sawtooth<br />
gutter at steel sash; Figure _, wood and steel<br />
sash details of monitor; Figure 7, gambrel roof details<br />
; Figure 8, gutter at parapet wall; Figure 9, leanto<br />
roof against a zinc wall; Figure 10, lean-to roof<br />
against brick wall; Figure 11, wall intersections, zinc<br />
at zinc and zinc at masonry; Figure 12, rake flashing,<br />
zinc wall; Figure 13, rake flashing, masonry wall;<br />
Figure 1_, gutter between sawtooth roofs.<br />
From the foregoing it will be seen that the 15 figure<br />
numbers on the one "Service Sheet" alone comprise<br />
a notable collection of information for any sheet metal<br />
mechanic. But there is a second "Service Sheet" in<br />
ILC(CL„W. 0 1' this group, with some 25 figure numbers, giving details<br />
of corrugated zinc roofing and siding on steel<br />
FACSIMILE OF "SERVICE SHEET" SHOWING HOW TO APPLY<br />
and wood framing. Many of these figures give sec<br />
CORRUGATED ZINC ROOFING AND SIDING<br />
tions, such as an eaves section, a gable and section,<br />
a section through ridge roll showing the expansion<br />
of his industry will be immediately apparent from the<br />
following reference to a few of the figure numbers on<br />
pocket and the like.<br />
Then, too, this particular sheet gives considerable<br />
the front of the sheets.<br />
general information, such as recommendations where<br />
For example, Figure 1 illustrates a hip detail, with<br />
and where not to use corrugated zinc roofing, purlin<br />
the following instructions: "Hips are finished with<br />
spacing and the like. On the back are found many<br />
13-gauge zinc, bent to form pocket as shown and<br />
secured to purlins with % x 1-in. galvanized iron clips.<br />
diagrammatic examples of purlin spacing which ir. Mv<br />
(Continued on Page 396)<br />
All pocket sizes given are minimnin."
394 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24. 1920<br />
Theory and Practice of Welding Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
Third and Concluding Article in a Series Outlining Methods in<br />
this Comparatively New Branch of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Work —Welding<br />
L's, Side Seams, Vertical Seams, Lap, Butt Angle and T Welding<br />
By M. H. POTTER<br />
CONTINUED practice in welding is the only way<br />
to master tlie art. The exercises given here<br />
should be followed out closely by the beginner<br />
and care taken to adhere closely to the instructions.<br />
A few words regarding the welding torch and the<br />
WELDING L's OF 14-GAUGE METAL SHEETS<br />
The method of procedure in welding 14-gauge slieet<br />
metal L's is shown in Figure 1, 2 and 3. Set up the<br />
two 14-gauge plates on the fire bricks so as to form<br />
an L witli the corner up. Then start at each end,<br />
using the welding rod to fill. Then start welding at<br />
the left-hand end, using the welding wire to fill the<br />
corner. Fuse tlie edges thoroughly and form the usual<br />
puddle, manipulating the torch back and forth across<br />
the point.<br />
Add sufficient welding material to fill the joint and<br />
make the thickness in the corner slightly more than<br />
the thickness of the plate. Continue to weld, moving<br />
the torch to the right as fast as the puddle advances.<br />
Supply the adding material as uniformly as possible.<br />
See that the fusion penetrates and tliat a perfect<br />
weld is secured clear through.<br />
Avoid melting the welding wire witli tlie flame, but<br />
rather make tlie puddle melt the welding wire.<br />
Imperfect penetration is caused, as a rule, by rushing<br />
the work and not waiting until tlie puddle is<br />
formed and fusion has penetrated clear through. Imperfect<br />
welds containing lapped metal and cold shunts<br />
are caused by melting the welding rod with the torch<br />
flame. The puddle must always melt the welding<br />
rod and feed itself. Only by working in this way<br />
can the welder be sure that perfect fusion is being<br />
secured at all times.<br />
VERTICAL WELDING L'S OF 16-GAUGE<br />
As sliown in Figure 3 and 4, the metal is first<br />
welded as was the metal in the previous exercise.<br />
Start the weld at the bottom (Figure 4) and work<br />
upwards. Hold the torch handle horizontally and<br />
with the tip pointing upward at an angle of about<br />
50 deg. with the metal. Work the torch back and<br />
forth across the joint with a semi-circular motion.<br />
Care must be taken to prevent the puddle from<br />
becoming too large and sagging down. If tlie puddle<br />
tends to sag, whip the torch quickly across the weld,<br />
lifting it slightly so as to reduce the heat on the metal.<br />
SIDE SEAM BUTT WELDING 14-GAUGE SHEET METAL<br />
Place the two 14-gauge plates horizontally on the<br />
fire bricks and tack at each end; see figure 5. Then<br />
set the plates up edgewise (see Figure 6) on the fire<br />
_pJ) mmi bricks, supporting with a fire brick, as shown.<br />
Start the weld at the right end and work toward<br />
the left. Hold the torch handle horizontally and<br />
direct tlie flame as nearly as possible at the same<br />
®<br />
angle as when welding a vertical seam.<br />
Add the welding material the same as on a level<br />
seam. Care must be taken not to play the torch<br />
DETAILS OF THE WELDING TORCH<br />
flame more on one side than the other. The operator<br />
gas regulator should not be amiss, as the interested should learn to stand easily and hold the torch freely,<br />
welder will, of course, like to know something of and manipulate the torch in any position freely and<br />
their construction and how they function.<br />
without strain.<br />
LAP WELDING 14-GAUGE SHEET METAL<br />
Lay three 14-gauge steel plates on the fire bricks,<br />
as shown in Figure 7. The lower plates should be<br />
STRUCTURAL DETAILS OF THE REGULATOR<br />
parallel and l/8 in. apart. The upper plate should<br />
cover tiie opening equally each side.<br />
Tack the corners first at all four points. Start<br />
welding at the left using %-in. welding wire fc«-
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
METAL WORKER, PCUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 39.5<br />
adding material. Give the torch a zig-zag motion,<br />
and use the adding material sparingly.<br />
Heat the edge of the upper plate and the plate<br />
beneath as uniformly as possible. Manipulate the<br />
torch carefully to prevent overheating of the upper<br />
plate. Fuse a puddle at the corner and hold it there.<br />
Use the welding rod sparingly but uniformly.<br />
When the weld is finished turn the plates around<br />
and weld the opposite side in the same manner, working<br />
from left to right. Then turn the plates over and<br />
weld the butt the same as already explained, that is,<br />
start at the left and work toward the right. Fill the<br />
groove with added material but make sure that the<br />
edge and bottom are perfectly fused.<br />
VERTICAL SEAM LAP WELDING 12-GAUGE SHEET METAL<br />
The seam runs vertically instead of horizontally.<br />
See Figure 9 and 10.<br />
C_) c^HSEP<br />
Set the tacked plates up on one side. See Figure<br />
11. Hold tlie torch horizontallv with the tip at the<br />
same angle to the plates as when welding a level<br />
seam. Start welding at the left, using the welding<br />
rod. Give the torch a semi-circular motion. Heat the<br />
edge of the upper plate and the under plate as uniformly<br />
as possible.<br />
When the first weld is finished, turn the plate over<br />
and weld the second lap seam. Turn the plate around<br />
and weld the butt seam. See Figure 12.<br />
BUTT, ANGLE AND T WELDING 14-GAUGE STEEL<br />
A review of the preceding exercises. See Figure<br />
13.<br />
Butt weld two 14-gauge plates with adding material.<br />
Corner weld a 14-gauge plate to the butt welded<br />
plates, using adding material.<br />
PROCEDURE IN WELDING L S, SIDE SEAMS, VERTICAL SEAMS AND THE LIKE<br />
Lay tliree plates on the fire bricks and tack as previously<br />
directed.<br />
Stand the tacked plates vertically as shown in Figure<br />
9. Hold the torch handle horizontally and with<br />
the tip pointing slightly downward. Start the weld<br />
at the bottom and work upward, giving the torch a<br />
semi-circular movement. Fuse the metal in the corner<br />
formed by the plates and produce a puddle but be<br />
careful not to make the puddle too large. Weld the<br />
other vertical seam in the same manner, starting at<br />
the bottom and working toward the top.<br />
Turn the plates around and weld the butt seam,<br />
working from the top toward the bottom. Make<br />
certain that the plates are fused clear to the bottom<br />
of the joint.<br />
SIDE SEAM LAP WELDING 10-GAUGE METAL<br />
Lay three 10-gauge plates on the fire bricks and<br />
tack weld as heretofore directed. The bottom plates<br />
-lould be placed 1-16 in. apart.<br />
T weld a 14-gauge plate to the middle of the plate<br />
between the butt weld and the corner weld.<br />
Observe carefullv the directions previously given<br />
in regard to manipulating the torch, the use of the<br />
welding rod, tacking and the like.<br />
THE WELDING TORCH<br />
The average welding torch, such as used commercially,<br />
is a simple device, consisting of a handle, two<br />
needle valves, two tubes for the oxygen and acetylene,<br />
head and tip. The tubes are silver soldered in<br />
the head and fixed in the handle so as to give them<br />
stability and strength. The head is made with a<br />
conical seat and is threaded at the mouth for a nut<br />
which holds a tip with a conical head in position. The<br />
upper tube is connected to the oxygen supply tank,<br />
the lower tube being jointed to the acetylene tank.<br />
The interchangeable tip system is a great convenience,<br />
and enables the welder to secure many sizes<br />
of flames, from the smallest to the largest, there being<br />
as many as six different sizes available. The size
396 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
of the flame is very important and should be proportional<br />
to the thickness of material to be welded. The<br />
size of the flame is naturally governed by the size<br />
of the tip used.<br />
The intimate mixing of the acetylene and oxygen<br />
gases is accomplished in the conical end of the tip,<br />
where it fits into the torch head. This part is identical<br />
in function with the carburetor of a gasoline<br />
engine. The diameter of the holes in the tip and the<br />
pressures of the respective gases determine the quality<br />
of the mixture. The diameter of the holes are<br />
grades and the tips are numbered to correspond.<br />
THE REGULATOR<br />
The purpose of the welding regulator is to furnish<br />
gas to the hose lines at reduced and unvarying pressures.<br />
The regulator is a precision instrument that<br />
requires careful handling.<br />
Gas enters the regulator from the cylinder or tank<br />
through the connection 15 and the nozzle 8. Pressure<br />
applied by means of the pressure adjusting<br />
key 1 is communicated to the front centerpiece 13<br />
and to the back centerpiece 5, in which the seat 7 is<br />
secured. Forcing the seat away from the nozzle permits<br />
the gas to fill the body of the regulator, whence<br />
it passes through a connection to the torch.<br />
When there is sufficient pressure, the force of the<br />
gas pressing against the diaphragm 14 equalizes that<br />
of the pressure spring 10 and allows the compensating<br />
spring 3 to force the back centerpiece and seat<br />
against the nozzle to prevent increase of pressure.<br />
Gas being drawn from the regulator, the pressure<br />
spring overcomes the pressure of gas against the diaphragm<br />
and repeats the above process. With proper<br />
spring adjustment and large diaphragm surface, these<br />
opposing forces are so nicely balanced as to cause<br />
the regulator to operate without any noticeable change<br />
in pressure.<br />
Virgins of Stamboul as White Wings<br />
A new occupation has been opened to wage-earning<br />
women of the Levant since the Armistice.<br />
All through Stamboul and other districts about<br />
Constantinople as well as on the Island of Proti,<br />
where the great refugee camp is located, and more than<br />
a thousand Russian exiles are being cared for by the<br />
American Red Cross, women have joined with a will<br />
in the campaign for cleaner streets and better sanitation.<br />
Human street cleaners are fast taking the place of<br />
the buzzards and stray cats and dogs who formerly<br />
fattened in the refuse piled high in the gutters.<br />
Women have volunteered in large numbers for this<br />
new occupation, which pays better than most unskilled<br />
labor eligible to them, and pays, too, in American<br />
money, for which the rate of exchange is highest<br />
overseas. .<br />
Aluminum in the Kitchen<br />
In a series of tests of aluminum cooking utensils to<br />
see how various foods affect them, Professor John<br />
Glaister of Glasgow University, has found that the<br />
only substances which attack aluminum surface are<br />
oranges, lemons, Brussels sprouts and tomatoes. But<br />
even in these cases the quantity of aluminum dissolved<br />
was so slight that it could have no effect whatever on<br />
the flavor of the food.<br />
How to Apply Corrugated Zinc Roofing<br />
(Continued from Page 393)<br />
particular feature comprise valuable information. The<br />
back of these "Sheets" also give something as to when<br />
zinc was first used and the extent to which it is used<br />
in European countries, .together with an outline ot<br />
some of the advantages of zinc for architectural sheet<br />
metal work.<br />
On the whole, these are two "Service Sheets" which<br />
should be in the reference library of every sheet metal<br />
man. They contain information which many a man<br />
would doubtless be willing to pay a fairly good price<br />
for once he has seen them, but the price should not<br />
prevent anyone from having these two "sheets," as<br />
they are free, and no reader of METAL WORKER,<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER need have any hesitation<br />
in sending his request to the American Zinc Institute,<br />
27 Cedar Street, New York City, for them.<br />
In explanation of this statement it might be stated<br />
that the American Zinc Institute is maintained by the<br />
producers of zinc as a central bureau for disseminating<br />
information on the uses of zinc, with a view to<br />
promoting a wider use of this metal. It will, therefore,<br />
be seen that the American Zinc Institute will<br />
actually welcome requests for these "Service Sheets"<br />
as bringing to it opportunities to make the uses of<br />
zinc better and more widely known.<br />
FORM AND PRODUCTION OF "SERVICE SHEETS"<br />
A word as to the form and production of "Service<br />
Sheets" in general may not be out of place. These<br />
are compiled and published by the Architectural Service<br />
Corporation. 140 North Sixth Street, Philadelphia,<br />
Pa., which <strong>org</strong>anization has produced a score or more<br />
of these sheets for other manufacturers, quite a few<br />
of which are likewise of interest and value to the<br />
sheet metal man. For example, subscribers will remember<br />
reference was made in this journal several<br />
months ago to the "Service Sheets" on tin roofing<br />
compiled by the Architectural Service Corporation for<br />
the N. & G. Taylor Co., and those on the puttyless<br />
skylight for the Drouve Co. In fact, the tin roofing<br />
"Service Sheets" are being continuously offered to<br />
subscribers in one of the advertisements appearing<br />
in the issues of this journal.<br />
A list of all the "Service Sheets" which have been<br />
published on materials used by the sheet metal trade<br />
is not available at this writing but can be procured<br />
by any reader by addressing the Architectural Service<br />
Corporation at the address given.<br />
It might be added that "Service Sheets" are large<br />
sheets, I6V2 x 21% in., printed on tough paper.<br />
The fronts give the appearance of a product, its<br />
typical installations and all details of its construction<br />
or installation, or both, with necessary dimensions and<br />
tables.<br />
The backs of the sheets are printed from type embodying<br />
standard specifications and other data pertaining<br />
to the product detailed on front of sheet.<br />
Details are at a large scale for quick and easy<br />
reading, yet the sheets are of suitable size to go on<br />
the side of the draft board or table. "Service Sheets"<br />
have been highly commended by those who have obtained<br />
them, and for that reason it is to be hoped<br />
that readers will avail themselves of this opportunity<br />
to obtain these zinc sheets, particularly as they may be<br />
had for the asking.
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER 397<br />
Facts About Warm-Air Furnace Efficiencv<br />
J<br />
Some Further Interesting Facts about the Comparative Heat-<br />
Carrying Capacity of Stacks, Also on the Way a Lot of Heat<br />
Is Lost by a Furnace—Proper Method of Rating Furnaces<br />
IN the September 10 issue of METAL WORKER,<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER there appeared a<br />
report on a portion of address by A. C. Willard,<br />
Professor of Heating and Ventilation, University of<br />
Illinois, Urbana, 111., at the last annual meeting of the<br />
National Association of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors, in<br />
which he told of the work being done in furnace research<br />
at the Engineering Experiment Station. In<br />
that part of his address reported on he explained some<br />
of the points which go to make for a furnace efficiency<br />
in furnace design, basing his information on the results<br />
of the research work which, as is generally<br />
known, is being carried on by the University of Illinois<br />
under a co-operative aggreement with the National<br />
Warm Air Heating and Ventilating Association.<br />
In the following is given that part of his address<br />
which dealt with the proper method of rating a furnace,<br />
how and why a furnace loses heat and the relative<br />
heat-carrying capacity of leaders and stacks to<br />
the different floors. The continuation of this address<br />
from the September 10 issue follows:<br />
The second part of this investigation deals with the<br />
rating of furnaces. In order to be able to state, ior<br />
the benefit of the installer and purchaser, how many<br />
heat units that furnace will deliver in a certain building<br />
for heating purposes.<br />
DANGEROUS METHODS OF JUDGING FURNACE CAPACITY<br />
I am staying away from the expression, "how many<br />
cubic feet "of space it will heat," because that is one<br />
of the most dangerous terms for heating that has ever<br />
been used. It is apparently simple but its simplicity<br />
is its dangerous aspect, because the uneducated man,<br />
so far as an engineering education goes, does not appreciate<br />
the significance of the walls that enclose that<br />
space. If made of glass, they will give off an enormously<br />
greater amount of heat than if made of concrete<br />
or cork. Therefore, if you adopt that rating,<br />
you are liable to have great disappointment except in<br />
the hands of a very experienced installer.<br />
PROPER WAY TO RATE FURNACES<br />
You have to rate furnaces on the basis either of<br />
pounds or cubic feet of air heated by the furnace in<br />
going through it, not the space into which it is de<br />
livered; or better still, on something very simple to<br />
use, and that is square inches of leader pipe.<br />
If anybody can run tests on a furnace and get its<br />
efficiency, they can get all the information you will<br />
need to give you the number of cubic feet of air the<br />
furnace will heat, because he had to get that to get<br />
his efficiency. But I should say, better than that, you<br />
ought to be able to rate and use intelligently the square<br />
inches of leader pipe as a basis for rating work.<br />
Now we come to the crux of this whole rating question,<br />
the present basis of rating furnaces without some<br />
statement as to the bonnet temperature of the furnace,<br />
and this, in turn, ties up the draft question unless you<br />
say on what bonnet temperature you will rate a furnace.<br />
What have you said when you have rated the<br />
furnace in the way of space heated, which I object to,<br />
or in the way of pounds of air passed or square inches<br />
or leader pipe unless you fix the basis on which he<br />
ran the test?<br />
I do not know anything about the test until you<br />
tell me what your bonnet temperature or your register<br />
temperature was.<br />
I believe, if the iron will stand it, I can pull with a<br />
good chimney 60 ft. high, three or four times the rating<br />
out of the ordinary furnace that you ordinarily<br />
get to-day, by simply increasing the draft. To rate<br />
intelligently and wisely, you have got to state the<br />
bonnet temperature on which the ratings are based.<br />
Any other basis is going to leave you a loophole that<br />
you can drive a two-horse team through.<br />
You have got to give that and settle right away<br />
what the maximum draft will be. I think there are<br />
few places where you get a maximum draft much<br />
over 1-10 in. of water. That ties you down to a<br />
bonnet temperature ma}' reach, on the coldest days<br />
run much over 200 deg. I am in favor of admitting<br />
that a furnace should be allowed to run up until the<br />
bonnet temperature may reach, on the coldest days<br />
of the winter, as much as 200 or 220 deg. probably,<br />
at the bonnet.<br />
I know I am talking contrary to the opinions of<br />
some gentlemen in the room and in various other associations;<br />
but to be fair to the furnace—and I am<br />
interested in the furnace—if you try to tie it down<br />
and say that it shall not be rated at a temperature<br />
higher than 150 deg. in the coldest weather, you are<br />
going to put in a good deal bigger furnace than you<br />
are putting in to-day. I do believe you ought to maintain<br />
these temperatures around 150 or 180, but in the<br />
coldest weather, what difference does it make if a<br />
furnace goes up to 200 deg. at the bonnet? It should<br />
not be for very long, but if you do not do that, you<br />
have to put in "larger installations for the cold winter<br />
weather.<br />
QUESTION OF FLOOR LEVELS ABOVE FURNACE<br />
There is another factor that comes in here which I<br />
shall pass over quickly, and that is the floor levels<br />
above the furnace to which air is being sent, as it<br />
affects the rating. A furnace installed in a building<br />
where most of the heat is supplied to the second or<br />
third floor, can be rated much higher and has a greater<br />
air heating capacitv for heating the air going through
398 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM F I T T E RSEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
the furnace, than a furnace for heating a bungalow.<br />
But that is not nearly as important as this matter of<br />
the correct register temperature that should be allowed<br />
for.<br />
Now we come to this question of studying these<br />
results that we get from the tests for efficiency and<br />
capacity, in the light of improving the furnace. These<br />
suggestions, you must remember, are all based on results<br />
that are not yet complete. You have me in<br />
the position of a man with a house half up. We have<br />
not finished this work; we are right in the midst of<br />
it. but we are willing to give out such information<br />
as we feel is reasonably safe. We may have occasion<br />
to revise some of these things, but when we print anything<br />
we want to have it corroborated by a sufficient<br />
number of tests, so I shall say only the things I am<br />
going to suggest that may be employed to improve<br />
the economy of the ordinary furnace as we see it at<br />
the present time.<br />
The question has been asked us, "What are you<br />
going to do about the heat lost to the floor?" We<br />
have had a water pan an incli thick under this furnace<br />
where we could get the heat radiated to the<br />
floor. It may be advisable to raise the ashpit of the<br />
furnace an inch above the floor so that the air can get<br />
under it, or about */> or % in. of some insulating<br />
material on the floor below the furnace that will prevent<br />
this heat loss to the ground going on.<br />
At the present time 4 or 5 per cent of the heat<br />
of the coal going into the floor is a serious item,<br />
and something can be done there; just what, I do not<br />
want to say yet. A furnace set on a bed of ashes is<br />
not practical, but something that will act as a heat<br />
retardant below will help.<br />
In the pipeless furnace, remember that as the inner<br />
casing only comes down within 12 in. of the floor.<br />
you have a ground area that is receiving radiant heat<br />
from the firepot very much greater than in the pipe<br />
furnace and is losing a lot of heat to the ground.<br />
A test set up in the laboratory of the University<br />
showed that you cannot hold your hand on the under<br />
side of the pipe or pipeless furnace, and there is 6 in.<br />
of concrete beneath it. You are losing a lot of heat<br />
through tlie basement floor, and there is a possibility<br />
of a great saving of heat being made there.<br />
LOSS DUE TO PREHEATING AIR<br />
There is also another loss not generally appreciated<br />
and that is what I am going to call the preheating<br />
loss in the pipeless and the pipe furnace, the preheating<br />
of the air before it gets into the furnace<br />
proper. Every degree of heat you put into the air<br />
RADIANT HEAT BIGGEST LOSS<br />
coming into a pipeless furnace before it turns and<br />
starts up over the casting is a degree put in at the<br />
wrong place because you do not want it there, not a<br />
bit of it. You want to get the air from the floor of<br />
the house to the bottom of the furnace as cold as the<br />
These radiation losses are the biggest source of lost<br />
floor of the house and no colder, but you do not want<br />
heat at the present time and there should be em<br />
to put a bit of heat into that air until it turns and<br />
ployed in consideration of the new designs of the<br />
starts up over the furnace, because you want to get as<br />
warm-air furnaces every possible means to intercept<br />
great a possible weight of air through a furnace if<br />
this radiant heat that at present is getting away.<br />
you are going to get the greatest capacity out' of it.<br />
SUGGESTED CHANGES IN DESIGN<br />
If you are going to get the greatest efficiency, you<br />
want to get the greatest temperature difference be<br />
That can best be done by shields of some sort, shells<br />
tween the air going into the furnaee to be heated and<br />
or rings of cast iron that are placed about at the level<br />
the hot gases inside. Under those conditions you have<br />
of the firepot and 2 or 3 in. from the furnace casting.<br />
the most efficient furnace and the greatest capacity at<br />
I am very doubtful if the radiators in the ordinarv<br />
the same time. So much for the furnace.<br />
furnace—if the metal justifies jts location at that<br />
Now let us turn to the second part of my general<br />
point. I have not yet enough data to carry that any<br />
sub-division, which deals with the installation itself,.<br />
further.<br />
the leaders and the stacks, the registers and the re<br />
Most of the heat that gets away from you, in fact,<br />
circulating connection. In the case of the installation<br />
all of it comes from the coal in the firepot itself, con<br />
proper we have already obtained a lot of valuable data<br />
sequently you want your shields which are going to<br />
to the installer as regards his leader sizes, his methods<br />
intercept the radiant heat in the neighborhood of the<br />
of running leaders, the relation between stacks and<br />
hot mass of coal. It may be advisable to take the<br />
the leaders, and a little information, not very much<br />
radiator out and put a cast iron shield in there—just<br />
yet, but more is coming, on registers, and also some<br />
take the radiator off. That is going pretty far; it<br />
information on recirculating ducts and pipe furnaces,<br />
is only a suggestion. We are going to try this out for<br />
and we have considerable information on pipeless.<br />
our own information and just have a shield in the<br />
furnaces.<br />
furnace against which radiant heat will strike and increase<br />
the temperature of the air a few degrees more. EFFECT OF HEIGHT OF STACKS ON EFFICIENCY<br />
So I would say at the present time that is the most<br />
important line of attack that the designers of new<br />
equipment should give consideration to.<br />
But to start with the leader or leaders of the ordinary<br />
pipeless furnace, the height of the stack which<br />
a leader supplies whether it shall be a first floor stack<br />
CHECK HEAT LOSSES THROUGH BASEMENT FLOOR<br />
or a stack to a second or third floor, is fundamental<br />
in this rating, and the temperatures at the registers is<br />
the other fundamental factor in the leader. If you<br />
will give me a high temperature at the register, I can<br />
make a leader do almost anything, and I want to give<br />
you a few figures here to prove this point. These<br />
data are taken from test on this same pipe furnace<br />
job that I spoke of in this three-story house, the four<br />
leaders to the first floor, four to the second, and two<br />
to the third. Possibly the ordinary installation might<br />
do a little better than this, but not much. Here is what<br />
happens.<br />
FIRST FLOOR LEADERS GENERALLY TOO SMALL<br />
The first floor leaders, so far as we'can determine.<br />
have never been made anywhere near large enough.<br />
In the pipe job where there are leaders supplying<br />
also the second and third floors we do not begin to get
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 METAL WORKER, PL U M BER AND STE A M F I T T E R 399<br />
anywhere near a large enough proportion of the air<br />
and heat on the first floor of the ordinary house. This<br />
plant at the Universitv proves this very conclusively,<br />
and I will show you what I mean by this.<br />
VELOCITY OF AIR TO FIRST FLOOR<br />
The velocity of the air from the first floor leader<br />
is about 118 ft. a minute, less than 2 ft. a second.<br />
Right beside them are 8-in. leaders going to the third<br />
floor, and the velocity in those first floor leaders should<br />
have been much less; the third floor leaders had a<br />
velocity of 162 ft. a minute, a difference of 127 per<br />
cent. It is a striking fact that tlie first floor leaders<br />
have nowhere near the air-carrying capacities that the<br />
third floor leaders have. So much for elevation. Let<br />
us take up another point. I am going to give you the<br />
data from two tests.<br />
One test was made with the register at 141 deg.<br />
and the other of 191 deg. The number of heat units<br />
carried by the first floor leaders per square inch was<br />
40. That same leader, when the register temperature<br />
had gone up to 191 deg. was carrying 134 B. t. u.<br />
per square inch of pipe. You have to state the register<br />
temperature before you can do any rating either<br />
on furnaces or leaders, because that is the whole story.<br />
In the case of the leaders to the second floor, the<br />
B. t. u. carrying capacitv was 89 as compared with<br />
50 for the first floor, and in the second test, it was<br />
168; in other words, what leader profited the most<br />
by this increase in temperature? The first floor did;<br />
the increase in heating capacity was 89 per cent.<br />
FLEXIBILITY OF FURNACE HEATING SYSTEM<br />
Is a furnace heating system flexible? There is not<br />
a heating system to-day that is more flexible than the<br />
warm-air furnace. You can increase the heating capacity<br />
of your heating plant 50 per cent by changing<br />
the temperature of the first floor leaders.<br />
Finally, remember that for the first floor it was<br />
50 B. t. u., for the. second floor 89, and for the third<br />
floor leaders the capacity per square inch was 122<br />
in the low temperature test. In the second test,<br />
where we jumped the temperature up 50 deg., the<br />
third floor leaders, 143 B. t. u. compared to 50 for<br />
the first floor and 243 B. t. u.'s for the third floor.<br />
You cannot rate on the basis of leaders; you have<br />
to say where they are going; you have to have both<br />
or you have not said anything that is definite.<br />
In all these cases, the heat available is figured as<br />
available above roof temperature of 70 deg., that this<br />
first floor leader puts into the room for every square<br />
inch of its area, 50 B. t. u. or every square inch of<br />
area down to 70 deg. We use that basis always when<br />
we are considering heat capacity. When we consider<br />
air-warming capacity, we always take our temperatures<br />
at 65 deg. You have to be prepared to take<br />
care of the air from 65 deg. as it goes through your<br />
furnace. So much for what I consider the most interesting<br />
to you of the work on leaders.<br />
TESTS ON STACKS<br />
Let us take up the test of stacks. We have put up,<br />
in addition to the pipe furnace or pipeless furnace, a<br />
one leader plant, where we can test the effect of size<br />
of stack on the heat-carrying capacity of leaders of<br />
various sizes, and the height of stack on the heatcarrying<br />
capacity, and I am going to give you a little<br />
data from that point. This deals with stacks and with<br />
a question that seems to always occupy furnacemen<br />
when they get together. There will be "in the testing<br />
plant a.s made up, a 10-ft., 10-in. leader running from<br />
the furnace to the vertical stack and turned up through<br />
a very perfect elbow into a round stack first, then a<br />
square stack of the same area, a rectangular stack of<br />
the same area and ratio, than a stack four to one; then<br />
we can replace that with a stack only 72l/2 per cent<br />
the area of the round stack and another 50 per cent<br />
of the area of the round stack, the round and the<br />
rectangular stack two to one and four to four, all<br />
have 100 per cent area.<br />
The heat loss between the bonnet of this little plant<br />
with a round stack of uncovered bright tin pipe, a<br />
single stack, is equal to 16.92 per cent; that is the<br />
loss between the bonnet and the register in that plant.<br />
Now take the same plant again, but replace the stack<br />
with a rectangular stack, two to one, and the loss in<br />
that case is almost identical. It so happened in this<br />
test that the result showed a little loss. We are trying<br />
to keep the same temperature difference with all<br />
these tests, but the temperature difference in the<br />
rectangular stack is a little higher than in the other<br />
test, and shows practically the same loss.<br />
Now we come to the most significant thing; the<br />
minute you change that stack to a four by one, but<br />
with the same area, that loss jumps up to over 20<br />
per cent. There is a rectangular stack, the same area<br />
as the round stack, and as the rectangular, two to one,<br />
that lost over 20 per cent of the heat out into the air<br />
as it comes into the furnace as it failed to get 20 per<br />
cent of the total heat put into that furnace into the<br />
room.<br />
Now let us go to the standard practice of putting<br />
in a stack with 70 per cent of the area of the leader.<br />
The heat loss in this case, when we cut the stack<br />
down so it was only 72 per cent of the area of the<br />
round leader, was only 17.85 per cent; it was almost<br />
as good as the first stack, which lost 16.92; 17.89 is<br />
about the same thing. It transmitted practically as<br />
much heat as the round stack.<br />
Here is where I made a very bum guess • I assume<br />
that we are going to find a whole lot difference in<br />
favor of the round stack and that it would be very<br />
much better. We were wrong; we were speculating<br />
without having anything to speculate on. Then we<br />
went on down to 50 per cent to see if that made any<br />
difference. Apparently if you got as much air with<br />
70 per cent what would you get with a 50 per cent<br />
stack? We changed the stack so it became 50 per<br />
cent of the round leader and loss went up to 40 per<br />
cent.<br />
EFFICIENT RELATION OF LEADERS TO STACK<br />
It looks as though we hit on a pretty nice relation<br />
between stacks and leaders when we get them so that<br />
the stack is not less than 70 per cent of the leader<br />
area. There is apparently not much gained by making<br />
it larger. But when you cut them down to 50 per<br />
cent of the area, you are cutting down your heatcarrying<br />
capacity. There is not much to be gained apparently<br />
by recommending that we run our stacks full<br />
size with the leaders.<br />
A lot of other interesting things concerning stacks<br />
might be stated, but that is possibly the most significant<br />
to discuss here at this meeting.
400 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
The Next Step in Sanitation Work<br />
Suggestions on the Avoidance of Unnecessary<br />
Contact and Rigid Inspection of Sanitary Facilities<br />
BY C.-B. NASH.<br />
E V E R Y member of the society is so conversant<br />
with the remarkable development of sanitation<br />
within the last third of a century that we may<br />
well pass on and in place of giving time to a review,<br />
spend it to better advantage in making a forecast.<br />
To-day, no matter in which direction we turn we<br />
hear the oft-repeated statement that we are living<br />
in a new era, with new problems of great import to<br />
be solved, and the thought of the world seems to be<br />
directed almost entirely to the solution of these new<br />
problems. Meetings are held and conventions are<br />
called to attack some knotty question with characteristic<br />
American energy and resourcefulness.<br />
As it appears to one on the outside, you are in a<br />
happier position than some conventions or bodies.<br />
The great war interrupted, but did not upset your<br />
ideas and ideals and I presume that you are again in<br />
a position to discuss your problems and deliberate.<br />
to tlie end that the work of conserving public health<br />
may go forward with greater strides than ever before.<br />
Injecting my voice into your deliberations I choose<br />
to discuss "The Next Step in Sanitation."<br />
Sanitation is a word so often used in a general way<br />
and repeatedly misused that I specify its application<br />
to plumbing and sanitary engineering:<br />
1. Decrease of the necessity of common contact or of<br />
one person touching part of a fixture or device touched by<br />
other persons.<br />
2. Better care of plumbing and sanitary equipment.<br />
3. Extension of sanitary necessities, commonly referred<br />
to as conveniences.<br />
PERSONAL CONTACT SHOULD DE REDUCED TO MINIMUM<br />
I am strongly of tlie opinion that some day in the<br />
not far distant future we are going to interest ourselves<br />
in ways and means to avoid the necessity of so<br />
frequently touching or coming into bodily contact with<br />
articles used by large numbers of persons.<br />
I refer particularlv to the use of public or semipublic<br />
bath and toilet rooms and drinking fountains.<br />
A step of vital importance was taken when the public<br />
drinking cup was abolished from the railroads and<br />
other places, and the roller towel was caused to desert<br />
its old familiar haunts. I might mention the<br />
abolition of several other equally prolific disease conveyors,<br />
such as the common use of bar soap and combs<br />
and brushes in public places.<br />
Notwithstanding these noteworthy advances we<br />
have not achieved the ideal state and will not until<br />
we can, for example, enter, make use of and leave a<br />
public toilet without having to touch so many parts<br />
of it that have been touched by others just prior to<br />
ourselves.<br />
This point appeals deeply to students of sanitation<br />
and presents a serious problem. We are told that<br />
germs deposited by the touch of one person can<br />
*Paper read before meeting of American Society of Sanitary<br />
engineering, St. Louis, September 8, 1920.<br />
tAdvertising Manager. Standard Sanitary Manufacturing Co.,<br />
Pittsburgh, Pa.<br />
quickly be picked up and carried by another. How<br />
much disease is transmitted by the process is impossible<br />
to estimate. Even though it be but little, the<br />
idea of so intimately coming into contact with what<br />
has been used promiscuously is not pleasant.<br />
I am not prepared to say how we shall avoid using<br />
the hands to open and close toilet room doors except<br />
where swinging doors can be used. There does not<br />
seem a j^ossible method of operating faucets and<br />
wastes except by the development of pedal valves.<br />
Secret wastes should be abolished from all fixtures, so<br />
that water freshly drawn does not flow to bidden recesses,<br />
holding deposits from water previously used.<br />
No substitute has been found for closet seats. Therefore,<br />
let us have the open-front seat of material which<br />
can be hygienically disinfected. It does not appear<br />
logical that urinals should be flushed by valves which<br />
operate by hand.<br />
Tliese are some of the important points I have in<br />
mind. In another place I will refer to the important<br />
item of proper care and cleaning of fixtures in public<br />
places. It is very interesting to watch developments<br />
in the direction I have indicated, and I pass on with<br />
the feeling that I have touched but briefly on one of<br />
the most important phases of the next step in sanitation.<br />
SANITATION ALSO MEANS CLEANLINESS<br />
Much can be said of the second specification, entitled,<br />
"Better care of plumbing and sanitary equipment."<br />
I am not acquainted with plumbing regulations in<br />
all communities, but know that they have for their<br />
purpose the supervision of plumbing installations by<br />
competent inspectors to assure that the work is done<br />
in a sanitary and healthful manner and that the materials<br />
used contribute to the same purposes.<br />
If my understanding is correct, supervision ends at<br />
that point, except where it is continued under state<br />
factory inspection, state employees and other state departments<br />
possessing such powers.<br />
Experience and observation indicate that official<br />
inspection should be carried much further, to the end<br />
that plumbing, installed as it is for sanitary and health<br />
purposes, should carry out those purposes.<br />
In this country we pride ourselves in leading the<br />
world in sanitation. This we do beyond question, but<br />
the very common sight of dirty and neglected toilet<br />
and bath rooms in public and semi-public places gives<br />
rise to the question as to the extent we thoroughly<br />
appreciate sanitation.<br />
Neglected plumbing in buildings housing temporarily<br />
or permanently a number of persons is a serious<br />
health menace. The reasons are so obvious that<br />
they need not be detailed.<br />
In private homes we have occasionally seen evidence<br />
of neglect, but on the whole household plumbing<br />
is probably maintained in a healthful manner. In
SEPTEMBER24,1930 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER; 401<br />
any event, the plumbing in house serves a very limited<br />
number of persons as compared with hotels, restaurants,<br />
railway cars and similar places.<br />
Knowing as we do the dangers which lurk in the<br />
strongholds of neglected toilets and bath rooms, is<br />
there not some means of procuring better care of<br />
plumbing and sanitary equipment?<br />
If official inspection with powers sufficiently broad<br />
cannot be secured, then the next best instrument is a<br />
campaign of public education which would have a<br />
double purpose; to warn against the indiscriminate use<br />
of dirty toilets and bath rooms and to, urge that such<br />
rooms be maintained in a sanitary and healthful<br />
manner.<br />
To accomplish what I have been discussing is not<br />
impossible and it most strongly appeals to me as<br />
being an important part of the next step in sanitation.<br />
SANITARY NECESSITIES<br />
My third specifications is entitled, "Extension of<br />
sanitary necessities commonly referred to as conveniences."<br />
To start with, we should discontinue the phrase<br />
"sanitary conveniences." We often hear of a building<br />
being equipped with sanitary conveniences.<br />
What part of a building is more vital to health and<br />
comfort than these sanitary conveniences, which have<br />
absolutely grown to be sanitary necessities ? When<br />
plumbing was a luxury, a bath or toilet room was a<br />
convenience. Now being universal they are necessities.<br />
The health of the nation requires the extension of<br />
plumbing to serve a much larger volume of our population<br />
than at present.<br />
One of the largest fields, but sparsely served up to<br />
this time is the farm field. But now we have splendid<br />
evidence of the farmer's regard for plumbing, and it<br />
is safe to say that within the next few years we will<br />
witness most remarkable strides in this direction.<br />
FACTORY SANITATION AND FACILITIES<br />
Then, too, we have recently noted equally remarkable<br />
developments in factory sanitation, but these developments<br />
have come none too soon. To-day but a<br />
comparably small number of the country's industrial<br />
workers are served by ideal sanitary arrangements.<br />
The larger corporations fully realize the necessity of<br />
ample sanitary facilities of high quality and large<br />
sums have been and are being spent by them for the<br />
best that money can buy. If the pace being set by<br />
the larger corporations causes the smaller employing<br />
units to follow suit, we may soon hope to see a much<br />
greater number of industrial workers properly served<br />
with ensuing benefits to public health.<br />
THE STATUS OF HOTEL SANITATION<br />
The particular point I wish to cover under the third<br />
specification is sanitation as it pertains to the traveling<br />
public. Extracts from an article reprinted in the<br />
August 7 issues of Literary Digest from a journal<br />
entitled American Medicine are very pertinent. While<br />
this article deals with sanitation as applied to persons<br />
traveling for pleasure, it applies with even greater<br />
force to those wbo travel on business, because the<br />
latter class travels throughout the year while the<br />
pleasure class moves during the summer months.<br />
The article states:<br />
A Department of Health Bulletin points out the status of<br />
some of its hotels in a manner replete with suggestions,<br />
only 8.7 per cent were rated as excellent, 9.1 per cent very<br />
good, while 17.8 per cent were rated as fair and 6.7 per<br />
cent were held to be poor. Sanitary conditions were made<br />
the index of the rating, and probably the results are as satisfactory<br />
as would be found by similar investigations in<br />
other state-wide investigations.<br />
It is interesting to note the character of health regulations<br />
that were violated, which included food in kitchen exposed<br />
to dirt, dirty refrigerators, food and garbage exposed<br />
to flies, kitchen lacking screens, common towel for food<br />
handlers, common drinking cups, and, in a single instance,<br />
bed linen not adequately changed and in another hotel a<br />
sewage overflow to the street. The relation of these violations<br />
to personal comfort, cleanliness and health are too<br />
obvious to require discussion. The carefulness of the Health<br />
Department in granting certificates is evidenced by the fact<br />
that while there were 6 violations filed beeause of a lack<br />
of water analysis, certifications demanded this sanitary provisions<br />
to be complied with.<br />
SURVEY NOT YET COMPLETE<br />
In the state under question the 253 hotels visited had<br />
commodations for more than 24,000 persons and employed<br />
2,200 males and 3,000 females. It was estimated that during<br />
1919 600,000 visitors went to the state and spent from<br />
twenty-seven to thirty million dollars. The importance of<br />
the sanitary inspection is further emphasized because only<br />
about 30 per cent of the hotels in the state had been inspected,<br />
while a study and inspection of camps has scarcely<br />
begun. The necessity of safeguarding the health of summer<br />
visitors is apparent in the interests of the strangers within<br />
the gates and for the protection of the community in whieh<br />
they are sojourning, as well as for the further protection<br />
of the various states to which the tourists will return.<br />
DISEASES CONTRACTED IN SUMMER<br />
The long trail of diseases contracted in summer shelter<br />
indicates the importance of a more complete system of<br />
sanitary inspection and public health supervision than has<br />
thus far been attempted. The success of urban committees<br />
in moderating the burden of summer illness demonstrates<br />
what may be accomplished through modern public health<br />
work and should serve as the basis for further efforts in the<br />
prevention of diseases in localities boasting a summer colony.<br />
Particularly is this true in connection with the wide-spread<br />
movement for summer camps for the youthful population.<br />
It is highly desirable that such camps be duly inspected and<br />
licensed by state health oflicials before being permitted to<br />
open for the season. This phase of health supervision has<br />
been seriously neglected, and in consequence unnecessary<br />
penalties have been paid by those taking advantage of their<br />
recreational offerings. The regulations dealing with the<br />
sanitation of food handlers, the inspection of kitchens,<br />
water supplies, wastes and the provision for food should be<br />
thoroughly enforced under state direction, and all the more<br />
so because of the temporary character of service to vacationists.<br />
OBSTACLES TO INSPECTION MUST BE REMOVED<br />
There are, undoubtedly, many obstacles in the way of<br />
securing adequate sanitary inspection, but certainly an industry<br />
bringing such large remuneration to the inhabitants<br />
of the state should be able to pay a fair tax or license fee<br />
covering the special investigatory service required. The<br />
additional cost of the individual vacationists would be prac<br />
tically negligible and would be willingly paid for some<br />
greater assurance as to the healtlifulness of the hotel, camp<br />
or institution to which he had gone for the benefit of rest,<br />
recreation and physical rehabilitation.<br />
While what I have just stated does not make specific<br />
mention of plumbing, it is obvious that no such<br />
inspection could have been complete without having<br />
counted it as one of the most important items.<br />
The article so thoroughly covers the point I have<br />
in mind that it is not necessary to say much more,<br />
except that hotels, resorts and restaurants which cater
102 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
to the traveling public and are supported by it, should<br />
be obliged, in the interest of public health, to furnish<br />
suitable sanitary facilities and should be subjected to<br />
such inspection as would assure tlieir faithful fulfillment<br />
of such obligations. It is reasonable to assume<br />
that as long as such matters are optional we may expect<br />
a continuation of present conditions.<br />
IDEALS ARE BEING APPROACHED<br />
Notwithstanding the remarkable strides in sanitation<br />
within our time, it is clear that it is still in a<br />
comparativelv early stage. The high points have been<br />
covered, and when polished off by the development or<br />
evolution of its finer phases, some of which I have<br />
touched upon, we will have made a much nearer approach<br />
to the ideal.<br />
Some of the results yet to be accomplished will have<br />
to be brought about by legislation, but in the main the<br />
chief instrument to be employed is public education<br />
and much of this will be necessary.<br />
How a great educational movement of this kind may<br />
be put in force and made effective I am unable to<br />
suggest. But I dare say that long before this such<br />
matters have been given your best thoughts, and I<br />
predict that your <strong>org</strong>anization will prove itself of great<br />
force, not alone in this direction, but in many others of<br />
a kindred nature, and all of which are intimately associated<br />
with our country's greatest asset—the health<br />
of more than one hundred million American people.<br />
Ready for Action<br />
An interesting method of utilizing the conveyance<br />
for the various needs of the workmen, as well as for<br />
transportation is illustrated by the accompanying<br />
picture.<br />
The box on rear of ear is detachable, requiring but<br />
to loosen one thumb screw to remove, and is built wide<br />
enough to form a rear carrying rack for lengths of<br />
CAR EQUIPPED FOR CARRYING TOOLS, ETC.<br />
pipe, ladders, etc., and at the same time provides<br />
adequate projection for the vise, to allow clearance<br />
between pipe-cutting tools, and projecting parts of<br />
machine.<br />
It also gives added platform space, which the trade<br />
so often requires, for transporting materials of large<br />
bulk but of comparatively light weight.<br />
On small jobs having the vise ready for action, immediately<br />
upon arriving at the job, makes a favorable<br />
impression on the customer, and saves considerable<br />
time and effort for the mechanic. This use of the car<br />
is but another indication of the progressive spirit of<br />
our trade.<br />
Business Cautions<br />
An attitude of caution is noted in business by the<br />
Chicago Federal Reserve Bank, which states that it<br />
has resulted from declining commodity prices and<br />
more frugal purchasing.<br />
"Caution rules in business in the Middle Western<br />
district." the monthly review says.<br />
"The producer is cautious for the good reason that<br />
mistakes cannot be made in high-priced labor and raw<br />
materials without loss both of prestige and profits.<br />
"Middlemen are cautious because the retailers compel<br />
them so to be, and retailers are taking frequent<br />
soundings because they have sensed shoals in the popular<br />
purchasing power.<br />
"The buying public is checking extravagances.<br />
"Tlierefore, men of business are slowing up a little,<br />
taking their bearings, and trying to find out when,<br />
where, and how far the heralded drop in prices is<br />
going to go. The net result is caution, a waiting attitude,<br />
and resignation to the inevitable.<br />
"The labor situation is distinctly better, though<br />
there is some shortage. Good wages are being paid.<br />
The demand for more houses and rentable rooms continues<br />
to beat its head against the difficulty of building<br />
on the .present levels of wages and structural<br />
materials.<br />
"Dry goods conditions appear to be fairly satisfactory.<br />
Stocks are being held as small as possible and<br />
there is far less of the speculative element in merchandising.<br />
Evidence of a recession in business is found<br />
in the slowing up of collections. Indications now<br />
point to a recession in clothing prices during the next<br />
60 days. There is a general slowing down of the<br />
apparel industries."<br />
French <strong>Metal</strong> Needs<br />
One of the French missions to the United States<br />
has recently given some estimate of the anticipated<br />
situation in France in regard to metal and mineral<br />
supplies in future years.<br />
As regards coal, the destruction deliberately carried<br />
out by the Germans up to the time of the armistice,<br />
has been such that it is estimated that it will require<br />
8 years to recover the pre-war average production,<br />
while the Saar is estimated to bring about 7,000,000<br />
tons. Allowing for an increased demand after the<br />
war, it is estimated that there will be an annual coal<br />
deficit of about 30,000,000 tons. In addition, there<br />
is the undeveloped hydraulic power, estimated at 8,-<br />
000,000 h. p., of wliich by the end of the current year<br />
it is hoped to be employing about 1,600,000 h. p.<br />
The output of iron ore is figured eventually at 43,-<br />
000,000 tons, with 17,000,000 tons available for export.<br />
The war has greatly increased the copperworking<br />
plants in the country, but there has been no<br />
development in the production of raw copper. It is<br />
hoped ultimately to obtain from the mines in Algeria<br />
and Tunis 130,000 tons of lead annually.<br />
Zinc requirements are similarly placed at 130,000<br />
tons of metal, which it is hoped to be able to fill from<br />
colonial sources. An export of 15,000 tons of aluminum<br />
is estimated for, and of about 2,000 tons of nickel.<br />
Naturally any early realization of these projects will<br />
depend on a number of contingencies, the most important<br />
of which is probably the amelioration of the<br />
coal position.—Mining Journal (London).
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER] 4.3<br />
This is the Place to submit your perplexing<br />
problems— the Place to<br />
gather and to scatter information.<br />
SEE*<br />
Proper Length of Sheets for Copper<br />
Lined Gutter<br />
From G. E., New York—In reply to question of<br />
*'G. P. H." in the issue of June 11 as to the proper<br />
length of sheet for copper lined gutters, the drawings<br />
of the gutters show it to be a box gutter with right<br />
angle bends at the bottom corners and right angle<br />
turns on the front side, the copper extending out<br />
over the front member of the gutter box and then<br />
another right angle turn, the copper extending down<br />
below the level of the strip, making the front member<br />
of box. The rear angle at the eaves line is an obtuse<br />
angle, the copper extending up underneath the<br />
shingles.<br />
The fact that gutter has five angles in its makeup,<br />
four of which are right angles, reduces the problem<br />
to plain expansion and contraction. As the gutters<br />
slope both ways from a high point in the center,<br />
the expansion to be contended with will be that of a<br />
20-ft. piece of copper and, assuming that a difference<br />
of 100 deg. gives an expansion of 2-9 inch to<br />
each length.<br />
The shape of the gutter precludes the possibility<br />
of soldering the sheets together in place as it has two<br />
vertical seams. Therefore of necessity the gutter<br />
must be made in two sheets formed and then placed<br />
in position, there being but one joint at the high point<br />
at center to be .soldered when the strips are arranged<br />
in place.<br />
If the seams are properly soldered, that is, the<br />
solder is well sweated in, it will extend at least to<br />
the back of seam and turn of lower lock. Therefore<br />
no expansion will be taken up by the joint. In other<br />
words, the strip at the joint will be many times more<br />
rigid than any other portion of the gutter strip. Then,<br />
as the reinforced portion of the gutter strip at the<br />
seams is about 1 in. in length for each seam, the more<br />
seams there are in the gutter the shorter will be the<br />
length the other part of the gutter which must take<br />
up the expansion caused by the heat of the summer<br />
sun.<br />
From this it will be seen that considered in its relation<br />
to expansion only, the fewer seams the better.<br />
Further than this, as the seams are usually the weakest<br />
part of a gutter strip, it would seem that the least<br />
number of them would be most unobjectionable. As<br />
the copper in gutter is nailed on the outer edge<br />
closely and also nailed underneath the shingles, it is<br />
apparent that the expansion must be taken up at some<br />
intermediate point and that the greatest expansion<br />
will be in the bottom of gutter. There will be a<br />
Some other craftsmen will solve your<br />
problem and then you may be able to<br />
help someone from your experience.<br />
iGCATIS<br />
slight bulge but not enough to give any serious trouble,<br />
however.<br />
This does not excuse the contractor from following<br />
the architect's specifications, which should have been<br />
done. However, he has, in this case, given a better<br />
job than> that which the architect called for. The<br />
shorter strips would give more trouble than the longer<br />
strips which have been used.<br />
Wants a Table or Rule for Figuring<br />
Size of Ducts<br />
From Spokane, Wash.—Have you any working<br />
tables or rules to find the sizes of flues for gravity<br />
system of ventilation that will give the proper size of<br />
ventilator to use in exchanging the air in any given<br />
room a given number of times per hour?<br />
Editor's Note—The results attained by gravity ventilators<br />
vary to such an extent that there is no general<br />
rule by which the size of a proper ventilator can be<br />
arrived at. However, the experience of some of the<br />
readers of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER ' in installing gravity ventilators may be of<br />
some advantage to our friend in Spokane. We trust<br />
they will give of their experience to him.<br />
How Can Auto Radiators Be Cleaned?<br />
From E. L. K., Ohio—I would like to learn of<br />
those who are doing automobile radiator repairing and<br />
body and fender work something of their methods and<br />
it is for this purpose that I subscribe for and read<br />
this journal. While I am fully able to handle all the<br />
work that has been brought in so far, I am always<br />
willing to give something from my experience and<br />
learn more about any kind of work because it is never<br />
too late to learn. I know that other auto radiator<br />
repair men, as well as myself, will appreciate some<br />
information on how to remove the deposit that has<br />
been left in radiators where a liquid has been used<br />
to stop small leaks. There are several of these liquids<br />
on the market that have been used and I have been<br />
able to remove some of this stuff out of a honeycomb<br />
core so the radiator can be repaired and then continue<br />
to cool satisfactorily. In some cases I have used lye<br />
and in some soda, but neither of these will always do<br />
the work. I will be glad to have any information<br />
which the readers can pass along.
404 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM F I T TE Ft SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
The Editorial Page<br />
The Reading Season<br />
F O R the man who conducts the business, long hours<br />
are ahead of him, but for the workman who fin<br />
ishes his day at a regular time there are long<br />
evenings which in the summer season with so much<br />
light were used for receation purposes. The even<br />
ings now will be darker and it is a splendid oppor<br />
tunity for him to take up a course of reading that will<br />
better qualify him for efficient service to field in which<br />
he is engaged. Older men realize that the more<br />
knowledge they have, the more powerful they are to<br />
take care of the demands made upon them and in<br />
this way the old proverb that knowledge is power is<br />
demonstrated correctly. The ambitious man who<br />
wishes to fulfill his full mission, even though now<br />
working as a journeyman, owes it to the age in which<br />
he lives to become as adept in solving all the prob<br />
lems that may come in his every-day work as it is<br />
possible for a man to be. Men learn from other men<br />
by seeing what they do and hearing what they say.<br />
But they can't learn nearly as much nor as fast as they<br />
can from studying the drawings used to illustrate<br />
books devoted to practical work and reading the<br />
description in the text so as to be able to apply the<br />
information to their every-day practice. The man<br />
who neglects to use the winter season for study and<br />
reading is like the tradesman who lets a good cus<br />
tomer pass his door.<br />
Is The Heater Ready?<br />
HOWEVER much a shop may be occupied with<br />
the rush work an extra spurt can alwavs be put<br />
on to take care of the customer who is in dire<br />
need. To insure his coming along with his work it<br />
is well to send out a card asking the question: "Is<br />
your heater ready?" This will make people find out<br />
that the heater needs cleaning, that the smoke pipe<br />
needs taking down and cleaning out, and possibly re<br />
newing, and that repair work of a more substantial<br />
nature may be required to some part of the heating<br />
apparatus. He will bring to people's minds the fact<br />
that during the past winter there were some things<br />
to be desired in the service of the heating apparatus<br />
which can be secured by some changes or additions.<br />
Here is where the thoroughly competent heating con<br />
tractor, alive to the opportunity for increasing his<br />
business, will apprise the people in his vicinity of<br />
what he can do for them and substantially increase<br />
the business for the fall.<br />
Protecting Plumbing in Summer Homes<br />
WHEREVER people who occupied bungalows or<br />
other summer homes during the vacation sea<br />
son are leaving them, there is need for some<br />
attention to the plumbing, more than the average lay<br />
man is capable of giving. This is the opportunity<br />
for plumbers located near such buildings to call the<br />
attention of the owners the safeguards that will in<br />
sure the plumbing being in condition for use when<br />
they return to occupy these summer homes next year.<br />
In many instances it is necessary to get all of the<br />
water out of the fixtures and to draw the water out<br />
of the entire piping system so that no matter how<br />
severe the coming winter may prove, there can be no<br />
disadvantage nor destruction of any of the plumbing<br />
fixtures in the building. The man who keeps such<br />
people informed of their needs and protects them<br />
against loss will be kindly remembered when profit<br />
able business is to be done.<br />
Associations' Program<br />
THE leaders in association work who are worthy<br />
of their position have already outlined the pro<br />
gram of work for the members for the coming<br />
year. Some have a program that will Occupy each<br />
meeting from now until next spring. They have<br />
arranged subjects to be discussed, have appointed<br />
committees to collect information for the discussion<br />
of these subjects and have selected some speakers<br />
who will make the principal address on all of these<br />
different subjects. They have made it a point to<br />
send invitations to every tradesman in town who does<br />
not belong to the association to attend these educa<br />
tional meetings, or the educational part of the regu<br />
lar meetings. This is for the purpose of impressing<br />
them with the benefit of associating with their fellow<br />
tradesmen, not only for their own benefit but for that<br />
of their customers. Any association that has not as<br />
yet called the officers together to outline plans for<br />
the winter activities should begin at once to make all<br />
important arrangements.<br />
Take Orders Correctly<br />
NOTHING makes so much trouble for the trades<br />
man in the rush season now on as a misunder<br />
standing of what the customer wants. He should<br />
be sure that both understand every detail of what is<br />
wanted and the time it is to be done or delivered.
24,1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
News of the Trade Associations<br />
Sanitary Engineering Society's President<br />
Members Urged to Support and Co-operate With Their<br />
Leader in Society's Work<br />
The far-reaching benefit already derived from the<br />
activities of those who have brought into existence<br />
and maintained the American Society of Sanitary Engineering<br />
justifies the determination of the small band<br />
who compose it to continue its existence and its work.<br />
To no one is more support and encouragement due<br />
than to Major William C. Groeniger, 8 East Chestnut<br />
Street, Columbus, Ohio, who accepted re-election<br />
at the meeting in St. Louis last week.<br />
PRESIDENT WILLIAM C. GROENIGER<br />
During the period of its establishment there have<br />
been many loyal and excellent workers in the society.<br />
But because of the small membership it has not attracted<br />
those men best qualified to join in its work.<br />
The best service its members can now render to its<br />
loyal, active and self-sacrificing president is to labor<br />
all through the coming year to provide that number<br />
of new members which will insure an income to carry<br />
out the plans of the president for the advancement of<br />
the <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
This is duty which must not be left to the president<br />
alone, who has done valiant service in this line and<br />
who has taken up the work which other self-sacrificing<br />
early workers left when they entered upon other<br />
duties. For three years he has carried the society<br />
along so that its honor and its service to the sanitarv<br />
field is as bright as formerly.<br />
Now it is the duty for the rank and file of the<br />
membership to prevail upon those in the sanitary<br />
field who should co-operate and support the work of<br />
the society to join in the work and aid it. It is their<br />
duty also to take up the problem of financing the<br />
work of the society and offer that solution to the<br />
executives which will insure sufficient funds for the<br />
work thev have in mind.<br />
4<br />
There i.s still another duty to the president and that<br />
is apprise him of opportunities for carrying on research<br />
work and to file with him accounts of findings<br />
under all conditions as a matter of record which can<br />
be used in solving the problems of sanitation. The.<br />
field of the society is not restricted. As yet there has<br />
come into the <strong>org</strong>anization those who can give it a<br />
substantial impetus and insure its maintenance without<br />
the sacrifices that heretofore have been necessary.<br />
In presenting the portrait of President Groeniger<br />
another time it is to attract the attention of sanitarians<br />
to the needs of the field so that they may contribute<br />
in accordance with their capacity to supply<br />
what is needed. Its splendid work has attracted wide<br />
attention and caused great things to be expected of it.<br />
This reputation can only be maintained by more applications<br />
for membership and more funds. They can<br />
be secured by the general membership if they will<br />
work and support the executives.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>ia Association at Tybee Island<br />
State Convention of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association Met in<br />
Savannah, Ga., on Aug. 30-31, at the Tybee Island Hotel<br />
The members of the Atlanta, Augusta, Brunswick,<br />
Dublin and Manchester Associations arrived in Savannah,<br />
Ga., on Sunday morning, August 29 and were<br />
met by the Savannah Association and jobhers. They<br />
were carried in automobiles to the Savannah Hotel,<br />
where breakfast and refreshments were served. Later<br />
they were shown over the city, which is so frequently<br />
called the "Beautiful Forest City" and Thunderbolt.<br />
They were then taken to the station and caught the<br />
train for Tybee Island, where they were joined in the<br />
afternoon by the members of the Savannah Association.<br />
The convention, which was the first semi-annual<br />
convention of the Ge<strong>org</strong>ia Association of Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s, was opened on August 30 at 11 o'clock,<br />
with President Sam S. Shepard in the chair. After<br />
the opening address by Mr. Shepard a committee on<br />
application was appointed by D. V. Tidwell, Macon,<br />
consisting of Ben J. Seckinger, Maeon, and Vollie<br />
Gresham, Atlanta, and to this committee the following<br />
applications were referred: C. B. Burke, Tifton;<br />
R. W. Manning, Cairo; A. E. Roberts, Covington; D.<br />
W. Bell, Dublin; C. C. Cavin, Madison; H. F. Corbett,<br />
Cordele; Cosgrove & Zoller, Savannah; M. N.<br />
Oglesbee, Statesboro; E. J. Schroeder, Americus.<br />
On motion of Secretary James E. Belcher and seconded<br />
by Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. Payne, Atlanta, the first order<br />
of business for the afternoon session was the address<br />
of J. Roberts, of the American Radiator Co.. in regard<br />
to the advertising. He gave an explanation of "Package<br />
Advertising," and made a plea to the merchant<br />
steam fitters and plumbers of the South to co-operate<br />
witli the company in selling its goods.<br />
Mr. Whaley, of Thomas Maddocks & Con Co.,<br />
Trenton, N. J., addressed the convention and was<br />
followed by a talk, by Julius J. Lax. of the Julius
406 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
J. Lax Supply Co., Savannah, who spoke on "Overhead,"<br />
one of the most interesting and instructive<br />
addresses ever delivered to the Ge<strong>org</strong>ia Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association. A very interesting speech was<br />
made by Mr. Tullington, of the Ideal Supply Co.,<br />
Macon.<br />
W. J. Woolly, of the Trade Extension Bureau,<br />
Evansville, Ind., gave a talk on salesmanship which<br />
was very instructive and interesting to all. Mr.<br />
Woolley, on invitation, gave a talk to the salesmen<br />
and jobbers, who gained a great deal from a talk<br />
which lasted 45 minutes.<br />
The meeting then adjourned for the day.<br />
On Tuesday President Shepard received the following<br />
applications, wliich were read, accepted and<br />
added to the state membership roll: C. B. Burke, R.<br />
W. Manning, A. E. Roberts, D. W. Bell, C. C. Cavin,<br />
H. F. Corbett. Cosgrove & Zoller, M. H. Oglesbee<br />
and E. J. Schroeder.<br />
Mr. Woolley gave an address on "Bookkeeping,"<br />
occupying an hour with most instructive information.<br />
The convention then adjourned until the photographer<br />
made pictures, after which Mr. Woolley addressed<br />
the association on "General Overhead on Merchant<br />
Plumbing and <strong>Steam</strong> Fitting."<br />
Twelve new names were added to the state membership<br />
roll. There were 35 master plumbers, 6 jobbers<br />
and 10 salesmen from supply companies present<br />
at the convention.<br />
The convention adjourned at 1 o'clock and the<br />
guests then took the train for Savannah to visit the<br />
different supply houses, which entertained the visitors<br />
until train time that night.<br />
The convention was one of the best and largest<br />
ever held by the Ge<strong>org</strong>ia Association.<br />
President Durkins Cabinet<br />
Appointment of New Board of Directors of National<br />
Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
New blood is characteristic of the new cabinet of<br />
D. F. Durkin, Jr., president of the National Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s as announced from the headquarters,<br />
108 South Twentieth Street, Philadelphia.<br />
This means that these men have been selected because<br />
of the work needed in the territory adjacent to their<br />
location. They are of the younger element of the<br />
progressive type and of sound conservatism. They<br />
will be active in gathering information that will make<br />
board meetings valuable to the whole membership.<br />
President Durkin has also adopted the practice of<br />
issuing a periodical letter of interest to the members<br />
so that all the efforts expended by the association<br />
may co-ordinate and being correspondingly more<br />
effective.<br />
The new directors are a.s follows:<br />
Frank B. Lasette, 238 West 108th Street, New York City.<br />
John Hokom, 4312 Moneta Avenue, Los Angeles, Cal.<br />
John J. Vogelpohl, 4156 Hamilton Avenue, Memphis, Tenn.<br />
Harry ,T. Farrell, 100 Linden Street, Camden, N. J.<br />
Harry L. Hanson, Butte, Mont.<br />
John's. Irvine, 2289 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, Mich.<br />
Andrew L. Curtin, 46 High Street, Medford, Mass.<br />
L. A. Tompkins, 11 West Fifth Street, Charlotte, N. C.<br />
Harry B. Warren, 009 San Jacinto Street, Houston, Texas.<br />
W. W. Hughes, 1514 East Franklin Avenue, Minneapolis,<br />
The officers who also serve on the board are President<br />
Durkin: Vice-President Joseph W. Cannon,<br />
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
11323 Michigan Avenue, Chicago; Secretary Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
F. Uber, 108 South Twentieth Street, Philadelphia;<br />
and Treasurer Richard J. Welch, 71 Middle Street,<br />
Lowell, Mass.<br />
Flag Presentation in Jersey City<br />
State Officers Present at Jersey City Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Association Meeting<br />
Through the courtesy of Secretary Henry A. Cohendet<br />
the following is presented in reference to the<br />
work being done to raise the state membership to<br />
1,000 as is the slogan of State President William A.<br />
Snudden. Morristown, N. J.<br />
The Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association of Jersey City<br />
had a large and very enthusiastic gathering of members<br />
at the regular meeting Thursday evening, September<br />
16. in Public Service Building, 84 Sip Avenue,<br />
Jersey City, N. J.<br />
A special feature of the occasion was the presence<br />
of officers of New Jersey State Association of Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s, who were making their first official visit<br />
to the local association, and to present the silk American<br />
flag won by Jersey City Association in the membership<br />
contest held by New Jersey State Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s. It was originally intended to<br />
present the flag at the state convention, held at Union<br />
Hill, N. J., in May, but the request of the Jersey City<br />
representatives it was decided to present the flag at a<br />
regular meeting of the local association.<br />
The presentation was made by William Delhagen,<br />
Paterson, N. J., in a'brilliant address glowing with<br />
patriotic fervor. President John J. Corcoran, in a<br />
neat speech of acceptance, assured Mr. Delhagen and<br />
his fellow members of the State Association that he<br />
and his Jersey City colleagues subscribed fully to the<br />
lofty sentiments expressed by him and assured them<br />
that Jersey City Association would endeavor to live<br />
up to the principles of 100 per cent Americanism.<br />
President Corcoran then requested tliose present to<br />
rise, repeat the pledge of allegiance to. and salute<br />
the flag. The presentation of prizes to members for<br />
their work and a buffet lunch followed the ceremonies.<br />
Two "Bills" Entertain Jersey <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
Social Outing in Honor of New Executive Board Enjoyed<br />
at Lake Hopatcong, on Sunday, September 19<br />
A membership of 1,000 for the New Jersey Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s is the purpose of President<br />
William A. Snudden, Morristown, N. J., in which<br />
he is supported by State Organizer William H. Beck,<br />
who was formerly secretary of the State Association<br />
and is now visiting the plumbers of the state with<br />
that purpose in mind. To give some emphasis to this<br />
purpose it has been the pleasure of the New Jersey<br />
plumbers to be entertained, first when President William<br />
A. Snudden was a vice-president, and coming<br />
along for greatest responsibility. They met at his<br />
call and list year is still a most delightful recollection.<br />
This year "Bill" Snudden and "Bill" Beck invited<br />
the New Jersey plumbers to bring their families,<br />
children and sweethearts to a social outing to be given<br />
in the honor of the newly elected executive board at<br />
the cottage of Mr. Beck. Sperry Springs, Lake Hopatcong,<br />
on Sunday. September 19. As the result, the<br />
two Bills had 80 guests, some of whom are shown in
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 . I E T A I. W O R K E R , P L V M B E R A N D STE A XVI FITTER<br />
the pictuie taken in front of Mr. Beck's cottage, which<br />
is Byram's Cove and faces north, with a beautiful<br />
view of the lake and the mountains beyond.<br />
In front of the cottage a long table was placed at<br />
which the 80 guests gathered for the special form<br />
of entertainment which ran through the whole gamut<br />
from fruit and ice cream to hot dogs and more substantial<br />
fare. At the conclusion of this part of<br />
the entertainment one of the steam launches operated<br />
on Lake Hopatcong by Mr. Beck and his brother<br />
drew up at his wharf and tlie party made a trip<br />
around the beautiful coves which skirt the border of<br />
the lake, having pointed out the cottage occupied by<br />
Past State President Walter V. Meslar, Morristown.<br />
Also Mr. Beck pointed out the cottage occupied by<br />
State Secretary Walter Grub . The part}' also had<br />
the pleasure of meeting Hudson Maxim, the inventor.<br />
who is also a brother of Hiram Maxim, who is well<br />
known in the world of explosives for his wonderful<br />
achievements.<br />
Before the party sat down to dinner they were<br />
gathered ,n front of Mr. Beck's cottage with the<br />
notables l the front row. Sitting at the left, the<br />
second man is William Delhagen, Paterson; next is W.<br />
H. Beck, formerly of Orange; Samuel F. Wilson, the<br />
candidate for the nomination of sheriff, Newark, N.<br />
J.; Past State President Joseph A. Sproul, State<br />
President Williani A. Snudden, State Secretary Walter<br />
Grub and Past State President Walter V. Meslar,<br />
and just beyond one of Mr. Beck's best friends.<br />
The ladies and the other members were standing as<br />
shown. Matthew J. Brady was deceived by the photographer<br />
and is on the veranda at the extreme left.<br />
He was told he would be in the picture, but unfortunately<br />
was left out.<br />
When the party was seated at the dinner and after<br />
the work had ceased to be interesting, William Delhagen<br />
siezed the megaphone and requested quietness<br />
THE TWO BILLS AND THEIR GUESTS<br />
State President William A. Snudden and State Organizer William H. Beck. Enter<br />
tain New Jersey <strong>Plumber</strong>s Executivesand their families at "Sperry Springs,'<br />
Mr. Beck's Home on Lake Hopatcong, N. J.<br />
401<br />
while an interesting feature of the program would be<br />
carried out. In behalf of the officers of the State Association,<br />
Messrs. Snudden and Beck were presented<br />
with gold fountain pens and gold lead pencils.<br />
In response. President Snudden expressed his surprise<br />
but said he could use them in his work for the<br />
association and appreciated very much the good will<br />
that had caused their presentation. Mr. Beck stated<br />
that he also was surprised and that in the association<br />
work these implements would be useful. He stated<br />
that a great deal of work had already been done with<br />
great promise of success and invited the ladies as<br />
well as the men to give him their support in making<br />
Bill a 1,000 per cent membership man in the State<br />
Association when it gathered in New Orleans next<br />
year.<br />
Chicago Heating Men Capture Antioch<br />
Over One Hundred Take Over Hotel for Annual Week-End<br />
Outing at Channel Lake<br />
"Oh. you fried chicken and corn on the cob,<br />
We hear you calling and we're on the job,<br />
We have been waitin' since early this morn,^<br />
So we'll put a dent in you—chicken and corn."<br />
Sung to the tune of that popular ditty of 964 verses<br />
made famous by the ex-A. E. F. It was the marching<br />
song of more than 100 of the Chicago heating trade<br />
manufacturers, distributors, contractors and salesmen,<br />
who spent the week-end of September 11 and 12<br />
at the Svlvan Beach Hotel, Channel Lake, Antioch.<br />
111. The chowder gang arrived Friday night and<br />
had a big cauldron on the fire early Saturday morning<br />
ready for the hungry host. All day long the ladle<br />
was'weilded but the supply was ample even after<br />
everyone had made nine trips or more, for the capacity<br />
of tlie kettle rivaled a voung lake. In fact, there<br />
were oceans of it and inspired the 963rd verse of the<br />
well-known ditty rendered as follows :<br />
"If the ocean were chowder and I were a duck,<br />
I'd swim to the bottom and never come up.<br />
O honey, how long do we have to wait<br />
For that chicken to fry and 'ose 'tatoes to baker'
40H METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER24, 1920<br />
At 5 o'clock on Saturday evening fried chicken,<br />
corn, sweet potatoes and all the fixin's were piled<br />
mountain high on the tables of the hotel dining room<br />
and were stowed as only hungry eating men know<br />
bow. Charley Glennon presided as master of ceremonies<br />
and good fellowship talks were made by Jim<br />
Dougherty. Judge Cooper and others.<br />
It has been customary to have a fall outing for the<br />
past few years and at the 1919 clambake it was voted<br />
to have a permanent <strong>org</strong>anization so officers were<br />
elected. They were re-elected and it was decided to<br />
extend the activities of the club and have more than<br />
one event each year. The official title is the Clam Club,<br />
for two reasons, the members' particular liking for<br />
the popular bivalve and the fact at all outings when<br />
the command "fall to" is given the silence is intense<br />
and clam-like.<br />
The officers are: Master of Ceremonies, Charles<br />
Glennon; chairman, Thomas Magan; Treasurer, Fred<br />
Dilzer; and secretary. Fred Storey.<br />
The officers and the committee composed of Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
Henrich, Charles Lamb, Don F<strong>org</strong>an. C. E. Barrows.<br />
James Dougherty and Ge<strong>org</strong>e Lavelle put the affair<br />
over in their accustomed splendid style and the path<br />
of sociability well traveled.<br />
Eastern Supply Association Program<br />
Literature Issued by Secretary Hanley with Reference<br />
to Coming Meeting. October 13<br />
The members of the Eastern Supply Association<br />
are receiving from Secretary Frank S. Hanley, 261<br />
Broadway, New York City, several pieces of literature<br />
to qualify them for their coming meeting on October<br />
13. One is a questionnaire in reference to the<br />
use of automobiles by salesmen.<br />
Another states that Walter Drew, counsel for the<br />
National Erectors' Association, will make an address<br />
on "Some Phases of the Industrial Situation." This<br />
also calls attention to the fact that a New Jersey legislature<br />
has passed a law awaiting the signature of the<br />
Governor containing four points of interest:<br />
1. That new dwellings built between October 1, 1920,<br />
and October 1, 1922, shall be exempt from municipal taxation<br />
for a period of five years in order to stimulate new<br />
building.<br />
2. That landlords must give three months' notice instead<br />
of one month's notice to tenants renting by the month.<br />
3. That dispossess cases must be brought before the<br />
nearest district court and not before remote district court<br />
judges.<br />
4. That assessors, in computing the valuation of dwellings,<br />
must take into consideration the rents collected by<br />
the landlords and thus use the rents collected by rent<br />
gougers to tlieir disadvantage in the matter of assessments.<br />
Then tlicrc arc enclosed two bulletins from the National<br />
Committee of the Confederated Supply Association<br />
treating on the housing sliortage and the fact<br />
that some aid to those endeavoring to help the building<br />
industry can be secured by applying at Room 1605.<br />
29 West Thirty-ninth Street, the headquarters of the<br />
representatives of the construction industry in<br />
Greater New York. It. .also calls attention to the<br />
wrong sort of an open type of association whicli was<br />
the subject of a recent article in Printers' Ink.<br />
Another bulletin states that through the courtesy<br />
of Frank R. King, sanitary engineer. State Board of<br />
Health. Madison. Wis., a pamphlet covering the Wisconsin<br />
public station code and rest room suggestions<br />
is recommended for a reading by every member of<br />
the association. An extract of the state laws providing<br />
for the erection of comfort stations is also<br />
given.<br />
There is also given a bulletin from G. E. Fromm,<br />
press manager of the American Radiator Co., entitled<br />
"Credits and Collections," which is reprinted<br />
on another page of this issue.<br />
Here are plenty of attractions to induce a man to<br />
come out and take part in the meeting on October 13.<br />
Pennsylvania Contractors Visit Lancaster<br />
Officers and Directors of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' State<br />
Association Attend Meeting<br />
Through the courtesy of Secretary W. F. Angermyer<br />
there is an account of the recent meeting of the<br />
state officers in Lancaster, Pa., called by President<br />
H. F. Bantham, Wilkes-Barre, Pa., for several purposes.<br />
All except two of the officers and directors<br />
were present.<br />
The officers include Vice-Presidents H. F. Bantham,<br />
Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; H. B. McClure, Harrisburg,<br />
Pa., and C. W. Sexton, Waynesboro, Pa.; Secretary<br />
W. F. Angermyer, 714 Homewood Avenue, Pittsburgh,<br />
Pa., and Treasurer G. C. Krack, 1018 West Nineteenth<br />
Street, Erie, Pa.<br />
The association is desirous to have formed in the<br />
state of Pennsylvania an auxiliary with the membership<br />
from the representatives of the various manufacturers<br />
and jobbers. It was voted to request the wholesale<br />
trade to send a list of their salesmen and their<br />
addresses to the secretary. The plan of this auxiliary<br />
i.s to give each salesman an honorary membership in<br />
the State Association, for wliich the association collects<br />
$1 in order that it may send him the national<br />
publication in order to keep him in touch with association<br />
activities. When he attends the convention,<br />
he is assessed for his entertainment, possibly $5.<br />
PRESIDENT H. F. BANTHAM<br />
At the Lancaster meeting 20 salesmen were present<br />
and a start was made with a feeling of certainty that<br />
the membership will be substantially increased.<br />
Secretary Fernley of the <strong>Metal</strong> Club of Philadel-
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 METAL WORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
phia has agreed to give the association his support<br />
by a list of the manufacturers and jobbers who have<br />
salesmen traveling Pennsylvania. There were twelve<br />
applications from salesmen signed for membership at<br />
the meeting. Further support was promised by<br />
Thomas Quinn, of W. F. Potts Co., Philadelphia, and<br />
J. H. Crago, of Follansbee Brothers Co., Pittsburgh.<br />
While the officers were in Lancaster they had a<br />
delightful visit on the evening of September'14 with<br />
the Lancaster Association, which, it is expected, will<br />
affiliate with the State and the National Associations<br />
at their meeting in October.<br />
Philadelphia <strong>Metal</strong> Engineers Dinner<br />
Monday, September 27, New Hotel Hanover, Time and Place<br />
Selected by Quarterly Dinner Committee<br />
The activities of the quarterly dinner committee of<br />
the Roofing, <strong>Metal</strong> and Heating Engineers of Philadelphia<br />
has provided for the fall dinner of the association,<br />
to be held on Monday, September 27, at<br />
6:30 o'clock p. rn., in the New Hotel Hanover, Twelfth<br />
and Arch Streets, Philadelphia.<br />
It is stated that this will be one of the most important<br />
meetings of the year and the subjects discussed<br />
will include "The Rate of Wages and Prices<br />
to Charge for Fall Work," "Something New in Overhead<br />
Charge," and the report of the Tin Roofing<br />
Committee on the quantity of Nu-Dura tin used so<br />
far, how it wears and the number of new roofs put<br />
on. The committee will also report on the recent<br />
meetings with the <strong>Metal</strong> Club and What the Jobber<br />
Thinks.<br />
It is pointed out that rapid - changes have taken<br />
place in the building trades and with the assistance<br />
of the Chamber of Commerce committee and the committees<br />
of each trade association, the labor and material<br />
situation for the fall is due for a change. This<br />
association has kept in touch with these changes and<br />
reports will be made at this meeting. Knowledge is<br />
power and it is well for every member to attend and<br />
hear the news in the trade.<br />
Chicago Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors Meet<br />
Members Hear Inspiring Talk on Service<br />
at Monthly Meeting, September 14<br />
The pleasant innovation of having a speaker on<br />
some business topic was inaugurated at the regular<br />
monthly meeting of the Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Association<br />
of Chicago, held in the club rooms on Tuesday,<br />
September 14, will be continued at future<br />
meetings.<br />
After the roll call and other routine business had<br />
been disposed of by the 50 members present, President<br />
H. C. Knisley introduced A. F. Sheldon, of<br />
Sheldon's School of Business Science, whose instructive<br />
remarks and blackboard illustrations were enjoyed<br />
by all.<br />
His topic was "The Science of Service" and he said<br />
409<br />
that the general laws of business applied witl. equal<br />
force to any activity. Every business has the same<br />
mission-service to the world. Though, if the question.<br />
What arc you in business for?" were asked<br />
thc majority would answer, "For profit." Profit is<br />
a natural result of good business<br />
conduct and it is to the service as<br />
beat is to fire—big fire, plenty of<br />
heat.<br />
To increase the service rendernig<br />
power of an <strong>org</strong>anization the<br />
unit and the institution must be<br />
developed so that employee gives<br />
100 per cent service to the employer<br />
who, in turn, gives the same<br />
to the purchaser, then the reward<br />
will be in proportion. He demonstrated<br />
this graphically with three<br />
lines: I—Individual, S—Service,<br />
R—Reward, and said that their<br />
length should be equal, and this<br />
was only accomplished when the<br />
desire to render service and the<br />
capacity to do it is present.<br />
n. c, KNISLEY The relations of the employer<br />
and employee, a firm and customer,<br />
are based on confidence with satisfaction<br />
and service supporting it. Service is an elusive<br />
thing and in business science is shown in three elements:<br />
Q—Quality, Q—Quantity, M—Mode of conduct.<br />
They should make an equilateral triangle. If<br />
any one is deficient in a business, it does not fully<br />
accomplish its mission. Business success is not luck,<br />
but the result of natural laws and every element of<br />
the enterprise must be developed, so that the lines on<br />
the ledger of life will be proportionate. Mr. Sheldon<br />
ended his talk with a little paraphrase:<br />
"My fondest hope is to see the day<br />
When employer and employee will say<br />
I'll help you and you help me,<br />
Then how wonderful our business will be."<br />
President Knisley thanked the speaker on behalf of<br />
FRED GARRITY, JOHN LUKE AND JOHN R. KEHM<br />
the members and on vote it was decided to have a<br />
speaker at every meeting in future.<br />
The attention of the members was called to the<br />
revised building regulations which have just been<br />
issued.<br />
The necessity of having representation at the meeting<br />
of the National Board of Jurisdictional Award in<br />
Washington, D. C, on November 29 was discussed<br />
and on vote of the members the president was author-
410 METAL "wORKER. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
ized to appoint a committee of tliree.<br />
be announced later.<br />
Tl ie names wil<br />
E. STORM, HOFFMAN SPECIALTY CO.; ED .MAY, HAYNES<br />
SELLING CO.; JIM KETCHAM, ABRAM COX STOVE CO.;<br />
AND OTTO WOOSTER, WEIL BROS.<br />
The time of the next meeting was announced for<br />
October 5 by Secretary D. M. Haines, after wliich<br />
the meeting adjourned.<br />
Indianapolis Get-to-gether Smoker<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors and Furnacemen Urged to Be<br />
Present on Saturday, October 2<br />
Every sheet metal contractor and furnaceman of<br />
Indianapolis is wanted at a smoker and good fellowship<br />
party to be held on October 2 under the auspices<br />
of the Jobbers' and Salesmen's Auxiliary of Indiana<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' Association.<br />
The call of President E. W. Norman has been sent<br />
out by Secretary H. A. Beaman and a good program<br />
is being arranged by the entertainment committee, of<br />
which Harry R. Jones is chairman. R. W. Blanchard,<br />
Chicago, who has been active with President Norman<br />
in the Illinois and Michigan Salesmen's Auxiliaries,<br />
will be present to tell the benefits that have resulted<br />
since the <strong>org</strong>anizations have been co-operating with<br />
the trade in the states mentioned.<br />
Further particulars will be announced as to the<br />
meeting place, but every one is urged to arrange to attend<br />
the party Saturday. October 2.<br />
St. Louis Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Outing<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' and Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Consumers'<br />
Protective Assoiations Enjoy Day<br />
at Barthold's Grove<br />
The annual picnic of the two St. Louis associations,<br />
the Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors' and the Sheet<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> Consumers' Protective Association, was held on<br />
Sunday, September 12, at Barthold's Grove, Maplewood,<br />
Mo. The weather was delightful and the attendance<br />
one of the largest, sheet metal contractors<br />
from all tlie surrounding towns of Illinois and Missouri<br />
also attended. Business was f<strong>org</strong>otten for the<br />
day and the fun lasted until 10 o'clock p. m., ending<br />
a perfect day.<br />
There were games and races for both young and old,<br />
starting at 10 o'clock a. m. with the regular horseshoe<br />
game and ending at 7 o'clock p. m. with the smile<br />
and gloom contests, dancing from 1 o'clock until 10<br />
o'clock p. m. Elaborate prizes were given to the<br />
winners, donations by the supply houses and manufacturers<br />
covering the expense.<br />
The picnic committee was composed of members of<br />
both associations, as follows: Floor Committee—<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Walchli, chairman : Frank T. Bkern, high chief<br />
of contests; Tad Pieper. musical director; J. J. Robertson<br />
and B. S. Phillips. Reception Committee—<br />
William Koelsch, F. B. Higgins, A. P. Faessler, J.<br />
F. Ruth. Julius Gerock. William Otton and Charles<br />
Ward.<br />
One of the features of the day was the annual baseball<br />
game for the challenge cup, the teams composed<br />
of members of one association against the other. The<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Consumers were again the winners, having<br />
held the cup for nine consecutive years. Line-up<br />
and score as follows: Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Consumers Protective<br />
Association—Robertson, 2b; Phillips, ss; Kohlmeyer,<br />
lb; Walchli, rf; Byrne, 3b; Foster, If; Harris,<br />
cf; Krause, c; Symonds, p. Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors'<br />
Association—Faessler, c; Leunberg, lb; Casey, 2b;<br />
PRESIDENT H. W. SYMONDS<br />
Burkman, ss; Deivley, 3b; Goedke, If; Vooress, rf;<br />
Harris, cf; Ruth, p; Gruenzenbacli, p; Faessler, p.<br />
SCORE<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Consumers' Protective Association 20<br />
Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> Contractors 10<br />
Hits off Symonds, 9; off Ruth, 8; off Gruenzenbacli,<br />
5; off Faessler, 8. Errors not counted (too<br />
numerous). Umpires. Koelsch and Baumgarter.<br />
Does This Mean You?<br />
In the offices of the Adjutant General at Washington<br />
is a huge mass of mail, sent to France for members<br />
of the A. E. F., and returned for various reasons,<br />
which i.s still unclaimed.<br />
It consists of jewelry, clothing, riding boots, fountain<br />
pens, safety razors, money—everything, in fact,<br />
that can be sent through the mail.<br />
Red Cross chapters throughout the countrv have<br />
been asked to aid in locating the owners, for all previous<br />
efforts to return the mail have been unsuccessful.<br />
Will those who have reason to believe that their<br />
property may be among these articles communicate<br />
with the Adjutant-General, giving details bv which<br />
identification may be made?<br />
All property, so identified, will be duly returned
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Current Notes<br />
PERSONAL NOTES<br />
E. F. HAYDEN, who travels through Maine for the<br />
Smith & Abbott Co., Portland, with heating and plumbing<br />
goods, is enjoying a vacation and honeymoon trip<br />
at the same time, having recently married Miss Mina<br />
Pomeroy. Mr. Hayden is delighted over the 65,000<br />
majority in Maine and is making a double celebration<br />
of it. He says it rained all day on election day or the<br />
05,000 might have been greatly increased.<br />
WILLIAM LAMBERT, who was formerly connected<br />
with the editorial staff of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER<br />
AND STEAM FITTER and later the associate editor of<br />
The Gas Age, has recently engaged with the Union<br />
Carbide & Carbon Corporation, of New York City,<br />
to aid it in its publicity work.<br />
AUGUST C. PIEFER is enjoying a vacation in the<br />
Adirondacks and is expected to be at his desk at the<br />
sheet metal, tin plate and supply house of Bruce &<br />
Cook, 190 Water Street, New York City, about October<br />
1.<br />
J. T. DURYEA, president of the Pierce, Butler &<br />
Pierce Manufacturing Corporation, New York City,<br />
is the chairman of the committee of representatives<br />
of construction industries in Greater New York that<br />
was <strong>org</strong>anized as the result of the activities of Daniel<br />
H. Willard, chairman of the advisory council of the<br />
Association of Railway Executives, through the Honorable<br />
William N. Calder, chairman of the special<br />
Senate committee on reconstruction and production.<br />
The work of this committee will be done from the<br />
headquarters at Room 1065; 29 West Thirty-ninth<br />
Street, New York City, and it is believed will greatly<br />
relieve the acute housing shortage in Greater New<br />
York. The committee is prepared to receive applications<br />
for assistance in removing materials from the<br />
point of production to destination and such other suggestions<br />
as those who are in touch with the situation<br />
may be able to make. The co-operation of trade<br />
journals connected with the construction industry<br />
has been requested.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e A. Moore Visits Glacier National<br />
The past 3 years, due to the war and the unprecedented<br />
rush of business that followed immediately<br />
afterward, have been very busy ones for Ge<strong>org</strong>e A.<br />
Moore, secretary and treasurer of the Detroit Range<br />
Boiler & Steel Barrel Co., Detroit, Mich. Mr. Moore<br />
has been so closely confined to business that there<br />
has been no opportunity for even a short vacation<br />
during this time until the current year, when he spent,<br />
with Mrs. Moore, a few weeks at Glacier National<br />
Park. He is now back on the job again much refreshed<br />
and ready for another three-year grind and<br />
more if need be.<br />
At National Technical Industries Exposition<br />
Frequently the plumbing contractor is required to<br />
install drainage systems which must withstand acidu-<br />
All the Trades<br />
lated waters or acids passing through them and the<br />
Duriron Co., Dayton, Ohio, is making an exhibit at<br />
the National Exposition of the National Technical<br />
Industries in Grand Central Palace, Lexington Avenue<br />
and Forty-sixth Street, the week of September<br />
20-25, in charge of H. R. Daniels and Ward E. Pratt.<br />
Mr. Pratt is well known to the heating trade from his<br />
early connection with it and it has been announced<br />
that he has connected with the Duriron Co., which<br />
manufactures soil pipe and fittings of a special nature<br />
of cast iron which has shown under test to be as little<br />
acted upon by the outflow from the laboratories of<br />
manual training schools as earthenware pipe and infinitely<br />
stronger and more durable from other points<br />
of view.<br />
SHEET METAL AND FURNACE<br />
ART METAL DOORS AND WINDOWS will be supplied<br />
by Harry C. Knisley Co., 1912 South Western Avenue,<br />
Chicago, 111., for the new candy factory of Bunte<br />
Bros., on Franklin Boulevard. The general sheet<br />
metal work will also be done by the same company.<br />
The ventilating system will be installed by Robert<br />
Gordon, Inc., West Monroe Street.<br />
IN THESE TIMES OF A SCARCITY of the various materials<br />
the stock report issued by Follansbee Brothers<br />
Co., Pittsburgh, Pa., showing exactly the character<br />
of material and quantity they have on hand for immediate<br />
acceptance is of special interest to those who<br />
buy sheet metal and tin plate. Those who are not<br />
on the company's list to get this information should<br />
send their address to the company.<br />
THE ONTARIO STEEL PRODUCTS CO., Gananoque,<br />
Ont., has increased its capital stock from $1,500,000<br />
to $2,750,000.<br />
THE VENTILATING WORK in the new Chicago Tribune<br />
Building is being done by Mehring & Hanson Co.,<br />
118 North Franklin Street, and metal windows and<br />
doors are being furnished by Harry C. Knisley Co.,<br />
1912 South Western Avenue. The former company<br />
also has one of the largest hotel ventilating jobs in<br />
the new Drake Hotel on Lake Shore Drive, Chicago.<br />
THE ACKLIN STAMPING CO., Toledo, Ohio, has acquired<br />
a site on Nebraska Avenue and will build a<br />
new plant to employ about 750 men or three times<br />
the present number. Plans provide for punch press,<br />
annealing furnace, nickel-plating, galvanizing, electric<br />
welding and tool departments, and a warehouse<br />
with capacity for 50,000 tons of steel. The capital<br />
stock will be increased from $50,000 to $500,000.<br />
James M. Acklin is vice-president and general manager<br />
and William C. Acklin secretary and treasurer.<br />
ROLLING MILLS AND BLAST FURNACES for the manufacture<br />
of steel will, it is expected, be established in<br />
British Columbia as soon as the necessary market for<br />
the product of such an undertaking has been assured,<br />
according to a statement made by Major Martyn, Industrial<br />
Commissioner for the Province, who, with<br />
411
412 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
James H. McVity and Niciiol Thompson, of the Advisory<br />
Council of the British Columbia Department<br />
of Industries, has left for Chicago and San Francisco<br />
in connection with the matter.<br />
THE MESTA MACHINE CO. has opened an office in<br />
the Singer Building, New York, from which point<br />
all its foreign business will be handled. Foreign correspondence<br />
should thus be addressed to the company<br />
at New York. The New York office will also be the<br />
sales office for the New York and Eastern states territory.<br />
M. M. Moore, export sales manager, who has<br />
returned from a several months' European trip, will<br />
be in charge.<br />
A GOOD RULE TO FOLLOW has made its appearance<br />
in the sheet metal trade with the compliments of Ellenwood<br />
& Doyle, the metal and supply liouse, 29<br />
Great Jones Street, New York City. It is 15 in. in<br />
length, reinforced on one edge with brass and on the<br />
other edge with green celluloid. In addition to having<br />
the name and address of the firm it enumerates<br />
the varied lines handled of tin plate, galvanize and<br />
black steel sheets, spelter, copper, lead, tin, antimony,<br />
sheet copper, brass, zinc and aluminum, etc. There<br />
are also on the under side tables of the different thicknesses<br />
and weights of steel, wire and tin plate, brass<br />
and copper, and the thickness of zinc with the pounds<br />
per square foot, so the rule is very convenient for the<br />
estimator's desk.<br />
THE TRADE WHO RECEIVED CARDS FROM ED Q.<br />
SMITH, representative of the Buckwalter line of enameled<br />
ranges, made by the Buckwalter Stove Co.,<br />
Royersford, Pa., now know that he made a fine display<br />
at the Riverhcad fair on Long Island, N. Y., even if<br />
neither of the Presidential nominees had the pleasure<br />
of viewing his line. Ed sent cards to the trade on<br />
Long Island so that the members could come and see<br />
the Buckwalter line and now they are aware_ by display<br />
he made of the fine goods he sells.<br />
Successor to Mangan & Campbell Co.<br />
The business formerly conducted by the Mangan &<br />
Campbell Co., Salem, N. J., has been taken over by<br />
the H. J. Mangan's Son Co. This company is continuing<br />
the business without any change in the financial<br />
condition of the former company, and will continue<br />
to do a general business in plumbing, heating,<br />
furnace and sheet metal work In a recent letter, H.<br />
J. Mangan stated that the new company is receiving<br />
considerable literature from manufacturers and jobbers<br />
addressed to the old company, as the result, no<br />
doubt of the change not being known by them. Doubtless<br />
such houses, noticing this item, will correct their<br />
mailing lists.<br />
Steel Companies May Build Railroad<br />
Steel producing interests in the Youngstown district<br />
have under consideration a plan to build a privately<br />
owned railroad from limestone quarries at<br />
Hillsville, Pa., to the blast furnaces at Youngstown,<br />
a distance of about five and one-half miles, to haul<br />
stone to the furnaces and slag and other refuse awav<br />
from the plants. The steel makers regard the new<br />
freight rate of 84c per ton on flux-stone and 69c per<br />
ton for carrying slag which the railroads employ for<br />
their own use, as excessive. Such a road would save<br />
the steel interests a large sum yearly and would furthermore<br />
enable the railroads to divert cars used for<br />
such purposes to other requirements. Major producers<br />
in the Youngstown territory have placed orders<br />
for large numbers of open-top cars which would be<br />
available for such transportation purposes, besides<br />
hauling coal and ore.<br />
A Chart of Rolling Mill Practice<br />
A remarkable chart, entitled "American Rolling<br />
Mill Practice," has been worked out and copyrighted<br />
by Charles E. Lehr, chief engineer, and W. J. Phillips,<br />
chief draftsman, of the Bethelehem Steel Co.<br />
The chart, beginning with two sizes of ingots, traces<br />
the reduction of the ingot to billets and thence the<br />
further rolling to finished products. The feature of<br />
the chart, which covers 32 different rolled shapes, is<br />
that besides indicating the shape of each succeeding<br />
cross section of the rolled product, the area and<br />
therefore the reduction from the preceding pass and<br />
the elongation are enumerated. These sectional diagrams<br />
naturally indicate what are the profits of the<br />
rolls. The finished sections include a rim section,<br />
window sash, turbine blade, 100-lb. rail, sheet piling<br />
and various common structural and bar sections. Incidental<br />
are some illustrations showing the main ap<br />
paratus, such as the equipment used in a rolling mill<br />
and typical layouts of the general types of rolling<br />
mill. The chart is 2314x4114 in., and may be obtained<br />
at $2 from Mr. Phillips.<br />
Wages Reduced<br />
Reflecting the sagging tendency of sheet steel prices<br />
is the reduction of ll/2 P er cent on the base wage for<br />
the September-October period for sheet mill operatives<br />
who are members of the Amalgamated Association<br />
of Iron, Steel and Tin <strong>Worker</strong>s and who are<br />
paid on a sliding scale basis, is the report from<br />
Youngstown, Ohio. The reduction in the wage rate<br />
amounts to about one-half of one per cent of the rate<br />
paid in July and August.<br />
In the past two months, wages of sheet mill workers<br />
were at the highest point in the history of the<br />
industry, 108 per cent above base, with sheet prices<br />
at a corresponding peak. Under the September-<br />
October rate, wages will be 106^2 per cent above base.<br />
The average invoiced price of a box of 100 lb. of<br />
coke tin plate prime sheets was unchanged, as revealed<br />
by sales sheets, and consequently wages of tin<br />
mill workers will continue without change. The tin<br />
mill wage rate has remained stationery for the past<br />
four months. It is predicted wages in both divisions<br />
of the industry will show recessions during the next<br />
few months, as mill warehouses are well stocked.<br />
The wage cut for sheet workers came as a surprise<br />
to the Amalgamated Association committee, one member<br />
stating affected mill employees had calculated on<br />
an 8 per cent advance. The examination was conducted<br />
September 10 at Youngstown, with James H.
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AXD STEAM FITTER<br />
Nutt, secretary, acting for the Western Sheet and Tin<br />
Plate Manufacturers' Association, and Fred Keightley,<br />
of Pittsburgh, secretary-treasurer of the Amalgamated<br />
Association, acting for the men, assisted by a<br />
committee from the various constituent lodges.<br />
HEATING AND PLUMBING<br />
Detroit Boiler and Barrel Activities<br />
THE TIDEY HEAT REGULATING SECURITIES CO., 256<br />
Market Street Newark, N. J., has been <strong>org</strong>anized to<br />
The first annual picnic of the Detroit Range Boiler<br />
manufacture heat regulating devices and equipment.<br />
& Steel Barrel Co., Detroit, Mich., held Saturday, Sep<br />
Samuel E. Tidey, 232 Central Avenue, Orange N J<br />
tember 14, was a huge success. It was held at Sugar<br />
and G. W. Oprits, 111 Maplewood Avenue, Maple<br />
Island in the Detroit River, about half way between<br />
wood, N. J., head the company.<br />
Detroit and Toledo, making it possible for the employees<br />
of both the Detroit and Toledo plants to ANNOUNCEMENT IS MADE of the <strong>org</strong>anization of the<br />
attend.<br />
Eastern Fuel Co., with a capital of $500,000. which<br />
The program for the day was arranged by T. Stin will be affiliated with the Reilly-Peabody Fuel Co.,<br />
son and H. Ross Mack and included the usual foot and will form the Eastern and 'export subsidiary of<br />
races and other outdoor contests. The two big fea the latter company. Eugene S. Reilly is president,<br />
tures of the day were a baseball game between teams Lawrence A. Quinlivan, vice-president and secretary,<br />
chosen from the Detroit and Toledo plants, respec and Frank T. Peabody, treasurer of the new company!<br />
tively, and a tug-o-war between the two plants. To the general offices of which are located in the Frick<br />
ledo, the upstart, winning both contests from the Building, Pittsburgh, while the New York office is at<br />
home office.<br />
30 Broadway.<br />
The gathering was very well attended as there were<br />
over 250 present.<br />
President and General Manager E. W. Stoddard<br />
was there, also Secretary-Treasurer Ge<strong>org</strong>e A. Moore,<br />
Assistant Secretary Ge<strong>org</strong>e Kite, Jr., and Mr. Boeck,<br />
Factory Superintendent.<br />
KOKOMO SANITARY POTTERY CO., Kokomo, Ind., has<br />
for distribution a catalog showing its high-grade vitreous<br />
china water-closet tanks, closet bowls and combinations.<br />
This catalog will be of great interest to the<br />
trade as it clearly illustrates the sanitary line of<br />
products manufactured by the Kokomo Sanitary Pottery<br />
Co. and gives complete roughing dimensions from<br />
which the plumber can obtain complete necessary<br />
World Demand for Steel<br />
roughing information. This catalog used by plumbers<br />
in making sales will increase the success of their<br />
There will be some surprise, says the Iron Age, sales talk.<br />
that American steel exports in July were so large in<br />
view of the transportation and labor handicaps in that THE L'NITED CEMENT PRODUCTS Co., 315 Board ot<br />
month. As indicated elsewhere in detail, the Jul}'<br />
Trade Building, Indianapolis, Ind., is sending to the<br />
total was 489,223 gross tons, whicli is not only the<br />
trade a letter received from J. N. Hurty. secretary<br />
largest amount for any month this year, but also for<br />
of the State Board of Health, in which he expresses<br />
1919, with one exception. The nearest approach this<br />
the opinion that the septic tank made by the company<br />
year was 420,359 tons in May, while the lowest record<br />
is a success because it is theoretically correct and in<br />
was 308,185 tons in February. Imports also showed<br />
stances are known where it has been installed and<br />
a healthy increase, having been over 100,000 tons<br />
doing excellent work. He states that the people of<br />
larger to August 1 this year than to August 1, 1919.<br />
Indiana and other states and also public school author<br />
Not only were American steel exports the year's<br />
ities can well make a study of this tank and the sug<br />
maximum in July, but those for Great Britain were<br />
gestion is made that a canvass be made of the summer<br />
also. The combined British and American steel ex<br />
hotels which sadly need some such a sewage disposal<br />
ports for July afford a measure of the world's present<br />
equipment as the septic tank will give. The con<br />
demand for steel as compared with 1913. The month's<br />
struction is explained and illustrated in the literature<br />
total for the two countries was 882,239 tons, or the<br />
issued by the company.<br />
largest for one month in many years, if it has ever<br />
been equaled. In 1913 British exports averaged 420,-<br />
All About Tanks<br />
457 tons per month, and those of the United States The Hamburg Boiler Works have for distribution<br />
228,803 tons—both records to that time. The world's their new No. 5 catalog which completely illustrates<br />
demand on the two countries in 1913, including ship their line of tanks, including the pneumatic water<br />
ments between the two, was 649,560 tons per month, tanks, special vertical receivers and standard and ex<br />
or much less than their combined exports last July. tra heavy storage tanks with and without coils, giv<br />
With Belgium and France doing little in exports, and ing details, measurements, etc., for each type and size,<br />
Germany out of the reckoning, while Russia and Aus also weights and prices. A copy of this catalog can<br />
tria are no longer factors, the non-producing coun be had upon application to the Hamburg Boiler<br />
tries must depend on American and British sources<br />
Works, Hamburg, Berks County, Pa.<br />
of supply.<br />
These figures are not only impressive, in view of<br />
Two-Piece Baseboard Register<br />
financial and economic conditions the world over, but<br />
they are prophetic of what the world's needs may be The two-piece cast-iron baseboard register, manu<br />
when times are more normal.<br />
factured by the Tuttle & Bailey Manufacturing Co.,<br />
413<br />
THE RELIABLE ELECTRIC CO., Newark, N J has<br />
heen incorporated with a capital of $100,000 by William<br />
Gross 158 William Street, and Samuel Gross.<br />
124 Littleton Avenue, to manufacture electric appliances<br />
and fixtures.
414 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
2 West Forty-fifth Street, New York City, is positive<br />
and quick operating and maintains the high standard<br />
of the Tuttle & Bailey line of goods. Its lines are<br />
Two important American industrial works in Italy<br />
have passed under soviet rule, the same as Italian<br />
plants, according to Ge<strong>org</strong>e Seldes, special correspondent<br />
of the Chicago Tribune, at Milan. These<br />
are the large plants of the American Radiator Co.<br />
and the Western Electric Co. Both have been barricaded<br />
and put in a state of defense by employees and<br />
are being operated by about 40 per cent of the regular<br />
crews, who, however, are unable to dispose of the<br />
products.<br />
"The workmen are running my business, but I am<br />
doing business as usual," said William Bairnson of<br />
Chicago, general manager of the American Radiator's<br />
office at Milan for the works at Brescia. "I am not<br />
alarmed over the situation. Just before the manager<br />
was driven out we posted signs warning ever}' one not<br />
to buy or sell without our authority.<br />
"Yes, we have knowledge the plants are operating,<br />
but these are not departments where high technique<br />
is necessary. It will be a pretty problem when a<br />
settlement comes, and the men ask pay for the work<br />
done by themselves without authority, but expect a<br />
satisfactory settlement."<br />
When Mr. Bairnson was asked if he would accept<br />
the factory Soviets, which the workers insist must remain,<br />
he said: "Similar Soviets under names of 'council'<br />
or 'committees' are operating in many countries.<br />
So long as the Italians in the council consist of workers<br />
and not agitators, and are willing to co-operate<br />
instead of dictating, we will accept."<br />
Another opinion of the situation expressed by an<br />
American here on governmental service was: "I am<br />
afraid it is only the rehearsal for bolshevism. <strong>Worker</strong>s<br />
realize they have failed, and therefore are making<br />
peace, but these affairs have taught them the necessity<br />
of seizing the operating, buying and selling departments<br />
as well as the works. This time I believe<br />
it will blow over quietly, but no one can tell what will<br />
happen the next time they form Soviets."<br />
A settlement of Italy's first bloodless revolution is<br />
expected immediately as negotiations between the owners<br />
of the metallurgical plants and Soviets are progressing<br />
favorably. The fact that the Soviets are<br />
eager to compromise is taken to indicate they realize<br />
thev are unable to make a success of their ventures.<br />
New Anti-Compound Tbat Withstands<br />
Intense Heat<br />
The first public demonstration of "Stazon," made<br />
by the Conversion Products Corporation, 149 Broadway,<br />
New York City, was witnessed recently by representatives<br />
of 50 technical and trade magazines.<br />
"Stazon" is a preparation applied with a brush to<br />
avoid the corrosion of metals which is said to maintain<br />
its protective qualities even under excessive temperature.<br />
The great resistance to heat was the outstanding<br />
feature of the demonstration.<br />
The experiment was conducted by H. C. Wilson<br />
and W. H. Buell of the corporation, who perfected<br />
this new rust preventive compound. They are both<br />
veteran metallurgists and recognized leaders in the<br />
field of industrial research, Mr. Wilson having been<br />
TWO-PIECE CAST IRON BASEBOARD REGISTER<br />
prominently identified in the steel industry for 22<br />
such as will appeal to housewife as it is easily cleaned years, while Mr. Buell was 12 years metallurgist for<br />
and the pattern is such that it will fit in any room. the Winchester Arms Co.<br />
The two outstanding "Stazon" features claimed are<br />
that it prevents rust and is easily removed.<br />
Italian Soviets Run American Plant Abroad At the demonstration Mr. Wilson stated: "Even<br />
this does not begin to tell the vast saving to be effected<br />
in its use. The annual waste in the United<br />
States, due to rust of tools and machinery parts, runs<br />
far into millions. I directed great shipments of<br />
ordinance during the war and can speak with personal<br />
experience of the great numbers of rifles alone ruined<br />
by rust before they ever reached a soldier.<br />
"In all manufacturing plants where metal parts are<br />
exposed to oxidizing fumes there is an appalling waste<br />
due to rust and corrosion.<br />
"When the heat generated in storage or en route<br />
gets around 100 deg., it cannot melt the "Stazon"<br />
rust preventive, so damage does not begin, as—it<br />
stays-on. It is economical and easily applied with a<br />
brush."<br />
A Higb Quality Set<br />
The Climax saddle round seat, manufactured by<br />
C. F. Church Manufacturing Co., Holyoke, Mass.,<br />
is here sliown. These seats are covered with pyralin,<br />
CLIMAX SADDLE ROUND SEAT<br />
a pure white substance which is applied in sheet form<br />
and, being non-porous, requires only soap and water
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND S T E __ M FITTE<br />
to clean. The hinges used are of a heavy nickelplated<br />
brass cast pattern and as a whole this seat<br />
is one about which the plumber can talk quality to<br />
the customer and feel assured that the article will<br />
live up to the reputation given. Full information<br />
about these seats can be obtained by addressing the<br />
C. F. Church Co.<br />
Do You Know ?<br />
Do you know the origin of wrought iron ?<br />
Do you know of the early Egyptian methods of<br />
making iron ?<br />
Do you know of the Asiatic improvements ?<br />
Do you know about cliarcoal iron.<br />
Do you know about the blast furnace ?<br />
Do you know that all this information can be had<br />
bv addressing a postal card to the Reading Iron Co.,<br />
Reading, Pa., requesting its bulletin No. 1 ?<br />
This bulletin tells all about the making and service<br />
of Reading wrought iron pipe, contains a very interesting<br />
article on the origin and development of<br />
wrough industry, and will afford you a delightful<br />
hour's reading and leave you in possession of some<br />
very interesting and useful facts.<br />
The bulletin is printed on a verv high-class paper<br />
and contains beautiful illustrations of the manufacture<br />
of wrought iron from the time it is charged into<br />
the furnace until it is placed as pipe on the shipping<br />
racks by the electric magnet cranes. Every plumber<br />
and steam fitter should have a copy of this bulletin.<br />
Maine Notes<br />
S. A. FAIRBANKS, HOULTON, will install a steam<br />
heating system in the First Baptist Church at Houlton.<br />
He is also completing the plumbing and heating<br />
for a general hospital and state tuberculosis sanitarium<br />
at Presque.<br />
RALPH MAIRS, GARDINER, has just returned from a<br />
two weeks' automobile tour through New England and<br />
New York.<br />
ARTHUR B. FELS, Portland, will install the heating<br />
in a new addition to the State Tuberculosis Sanitarium<br />
at Hebron. The plumbing for this building will be<br />
done by Scribner & Querson, Portland.<br />
N WL.. FAY, FAY & SCOTT, DEXTER, is having built<br />
a $40,000 residence, Victer Hodgins, Bangor, architect.<br />
Plumbing and heating day work, owner will<br />
purchase fixtures.<br />
JOHN H. SHEA, BANGOR, will install the plumbing,<br />
lieating and ventilation in a new school building at<br />
Brownsville.<br />
JOHN MCDONALD has the contract for plumbing and<br />
heating in a memorial and municipal building at<br />
Fairfield.<br />
O. B. FROST CO., Augusta, will install some 60 bath<br />
room fixtures in a new addition to the Augusta House.<br />
F. W. Webb Manufacturing Co., Boston, Mass., is<br />
to furnish all material.<br />
NASH & VILES, SKOWHEGAN, have a contract for<br />
plumbing and heating in a new business block at<br />
Presque Isle.<br />
415<br />
H. A. SCOTT, VAN BUREN, is completing the heating<br />
for "Champlain" parochial school, and also for Joseph<br />
J. Cyr, together with various minor work.<br />
THE KELLEY-WIIEELER CO., Gardiner, reports an<br />
unusually busy season. It has a large amount ot<br />
warm-air heating work on hand, including many pipeless<br />
furnaces. This firm has recently purchased the<br />
building occupied by it for many years and now lias<br />
no fear of having the rent raised.<br />
American Welding Society Activities<br />
The regular September meeting of the Chicago Section<br />
of the American Welding Society was held in the<br />
rooms of the Western Society of Engineers, Room<br />
1735 Monadnock Building, Dearborn Street and Jackson<br />
Boulevard, at 7:30 o'clock p. m., Tuesday, September<br />
14. The speakers for the evening were S. W.<br />
Miller, Rochester Welding Works, and E. Wanamaker,<br />
electrical engineer, Rock Island Lines.<br />
A relations committee, consisting of E. Wanamaker<br />
and H. B. Bentley had been appointed to confer with<br />
the society relative to the work to be covered by the<br />
Chicago Section.<br />
The following is the list of officers elected by the<br />
Pittsburgh Section of the society: To serve for one<br />
(1) year—Chairman, J. D. Conway, secretary-treasurer,<br />
Railway Supply Manufacturing Association;<br />
first vice-chairman, Dr. R. H. Brownlee, consulting<br />
chemist; second vice-chairman, H. H. Maxfield, G. S.<br />
Mt. Power, Pa. R. R. (Central Division) ; secretary<br />
(temporary), F. W. Tupper, American Welding Society;<br />
and treasurer, F. O. Gardner, treasurer, Pittsburgh<br />
Laboratories.<br />
Executive Committee—To serve for three (3) years<br />
is composed of: W. M. Finlayson, assistant to M. M.,<br />
Carnegie Steel Co. (Homestead Works) ; Geo. H. Danforth.<br />
construction engineer, Jones & McLaughlin<br />
Steel Co.; J. A. Warfel, district manager, Air Reduction<br />
Sales Co.; and E. C. Sattley, general manager of<br />
sales, Page Steel & Wire Co.<br />
Those elected to serve for two (2) years are: A.<br />
M. Candy, general sales engineer, Westinghouse Electric<br />
& Manufacturing Co.; H. D. Kelley, district manager,<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> & Thermit Corp.; D. J. Redding, assistant<br />
superintendent M. P., Pittsburgh & Lake Erie R. R.;<br />
and C. H. Newbury, superintendent welding and cutting,<br />
Crucible Steel Co. of America.<br />
The members to serve for one (1) year are: Charles<br />
Crates, superintendent, Blaw-Knox Co.; Frank S. Austin,<br />
district sales manager, Carbo-Hydrogen Co.; J.<br />
H. Rush, welding sales manager, Rush Machinery<br />
Co.; and B. P. McDaniel, president. Power Piping Co.<br />
Waste Trade Dealers<br />
The next regular quarterly meeting of the National<br />
Association of Waste Material Dealers will be held<br />
at the Hotel Actor, New York, on Thursday, September<br />
30, at 2 o'clock p. m. There will be a meeting<br />
of the <strong>Metal</strong> Division on Tuesday, September 28, at<br />
2:30 o'clock; of the Scrap Rubber Division on Wednesday,<br />
September 29, at 10 o'clock; of the Scrap<br />
Iron "Division on Thursday, September 30, at 11<br />
o'clock.
416 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
Trade Report and Market Summary<br />
Market Summary<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets—Production better, delivery<br />
worse. Price soft.<br />
Tin Plate—Immediate supply short. Outlook, demand<br />
good.<br />
Tin—Buyers holding off. Price down.<br />
Copper—Market dull and off.<br />
Lead—Foreign competition. Price down.<br />
Zinc—Not much trade. Price easy.<br />
Antimony—Demand good. Strong.<br />
Foundry Coke—Stock is moving. Price softening.<br />
Linseed Oil—Inactive. Weak.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—No demand. Price off.<br />
Expectations and Fulfillment Conflicting<br />
tfjT II hat the present prices of steel and its prod-<br />
Jl nets would have been but for the steel strike<br />
which occurred a year ago may well be subject of<br />
speculative consideration. At the time production had<br />
assumed a pre-war volume. Then along came the coal<br />
strike and steel production was again curtailed so<br />
that production and consumption were somewhat wide<br />
apart, inducing buyers to place orders in excess of<br />
their needs and others to pay bonuses for prompt de<br />
livery, all giving a fictitious strength to the market<br />
and abnormal increase to the price. These things<br />
having passed, buyers are expecting to feel an imme<br />
diate effect in the prices and while the tendency to<br />
wards softening is becoming more marked the actual<br />
billing of shipments at lower prices seems someichat<br />
remote, yet there is a strong inclination that they will<br />
be lower after the holidays. In the heating field<br />
boilers and radiators have shown another advance<br />
and buyers of stoves and furnaces also find the mar<br />
ket strong. Scarcity of goods in the plumbing field<br />
is characteristic and prices can only be safely given<br />
when they are covered by actual quotations for speci<br />
fied needs.<br />
FOUNDRY PIG IRON<br />
New York.— Re-sale iron since the easier conditions<br />
set in is a more important factor in the market. Some<br />
foundries are seeking cancellation or to have the seller<br />
dispose of the iron due them. One buyer who made a<br />
contract $10 below the present market was willing to cancel<br />
if the agency could re-sell the iron. There is very little<br />
demand and prices are nominally the same.<br />
We quote for delivery in the New York district as follows, the<br />
higher quotations being for prompt delivery and the lowpr the<br />
first half of 1920, except on Virginia iron, on which the price for<br />
first half is the same as for prompt:<br />
East. Pa., No. 1 fdy., sil. 2.75 to 3.25 $55.52 to $57.52<br />
East. Pa., No. 2X fdy., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 53.77 to 55.77<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 52.52 to 54.52<br />
Buffalo, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 54.46<br />
No. 2 Virginia, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 56.16<br />
Philadelphia.—Offerings of re-sale iron mark an easier<br />
tone in the pig iron market, showing that consumers have<br />
more iron than they need and that some wish shipments<br />
delayed until stock in yards is melted.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered in consumers'<br />
yards in Philadelphia or vicinity, except those for low phosphorus<br />
iron, which are f. o. b. furnace:<br />
East. Pa., No. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil $52.26 to $52.54<br />
East. Pa. No. 2X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 53.51 to 53.79<br />
X'irginia Xo. 2 plain, 1.75 to 2.25 sil 55.74<br />
Virginia No. 2X, 2.25 to 2.75 sil 56.99<br />
Chicago.—The dull market seems to show some signs of<br />
revival. Spot iron is moving a little more freely. The<br />
leading Northern merchant iron interest is booking foundry<br />
and malleable in moderate tonnages for the first half<br />
delivery.<br />
The following quotations are for iron delivered at consumers'<br />
yards except those for Northern foundry, malleable and steelmaking<br />
irons, including low phosphorus, which are f. o. b. furnace<br />
anel do not include a switching charge everaging 70c. per ton.<br />
Lake Superior charcoal, averaging sil. 1.50<br />
(other grades subject to usual differentials),<br />
deliv. at Chicago $58.50<br />
Northern coke, No. 1 sil. 2.52 to 2.75 48.25<br />
Northern coke foundry, No. 2, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 46.00<br />
Northern high phos 46.00<br />
Southern coke, No. 1 foundry and X'o. 1 soft,<br />
sil. 2.75 to 3.25 .' $50.92 to 51.87<br />
Southern coke, No. 2 foundry, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.92 to 50.37<br />
Southern foundry, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 48.67<br />
Cleveland.— Reduced demands have softened foundry<br />
iron prices and they are, in some instances, $2 a ton below<br />
prevailing prices. The market is dull with few sales for<br />
next year. An encouraging feature is an automobile<br />
foundry ordering a considerable tonnage to be delivered<br />
weekly for the balance of the year.<br />
W'e quote delivered Cleveland as follows, based on the new<br />
freight rates, these being a 56c switching charge for local iron,<br />
a $1.96 freight rate from Valley points, a $3.36 rate from Jackson<br />
and $6.67 from Birmingham.<br />
Basic $49.06<br />
Northern No. 2 fdy., sil. 1.75 to 2.25 $48.56 to 50.56<br />
Soutliern fdy., sil. 2.25 to 2.75 49.92<br />
Ohio silvery sil. 8 per cent 63.36<br />
Cincinnati.— Extreme dullness is a feature of the market<br />
with small sales for fill-in purposes and some effort<br />
to dispose of re-sale iron at $2 under the market. Some<br />
first quarter sales have been made at $46 and $17, but furnaces<br />
are not soliciting such business.<br />
Based on freight rates of $4.50 from Birmingham and $2.52 from<br />
Ironton, we quote f. o. b. Cincinnati:<br />
Southern coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (base price).. $46.50<br />
Southern coke, sil. 2.25 to 2.75 (No. 2 soft).. 47.75<br />
Ohio silvery. 8 per cent sil 62.52<br />
Southern Ohio coke, sil. 1.75 to 2.25 (X'o. 2).. $48.52 to 49.52<br />
OLD MATERIALS<br />
Scrap Iron, New York— The market is softening in a<br />
number of items and the only buying is on old orders with<br />
a pronounced of No. 2 cast. The interest in foreign business<br />
is reflected by the return of two New York brokers<br />
from business trips abroad on the same boat.<br />
Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are quoting<br />
to local foundries, per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $42.50 to 43.50<br />
Xo. 1 heavy cast (columns, building materials,<br />
etc.), cupola size 42.50 to 43.50<br />
No. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size 30.00 to 3100<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc.).... 29.00 to 30.00<br />
Old car wheels 39.00 to 40.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. diam., not under<br />
2 ft long) 19.00 to 19.50<br />
Stove plate 26.00 to 27.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago.—The market is at a standstill,<br />
due to apathy of consumers.<br />
We quote delivery in consumers' yards, Chicago and vicinity,<br />
all ireight and transfer charges paid, as follows-<br />
No 1 cast $33.50 to $34.00<br />
Boiler punchings 25.00 to 25.50<br />
Locomotive tires, smooth 22.00 to 22 50<br />
Machine shop turnings 9.50 to 10 00<br />
Cast borings 13.00 to 13.59<br />
Stove plate 27.50 to 28.00<br />
Grate bars 26.50 to 27.00<br />
Brake shoes 25.50 to 36.00<br />
Railroad malleable 27.00 to 27 50<br />
Agricultural malleable 27.00 to 27 50<br />
Country mixed 16.50 to 17 s»
SEPTEMBER _,, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
W^sf^^^ej^^ca^^^^eia^^sielsi^^gtsigia;^<br />
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Crinother lank that could)<br />
be put out of ^Business<br />
i<br />
N this Oxyacetylene welded<br />
tank there are no joints<br />
to be caulked—no joints to<br />
open from expansion—no joints<br />
Then the tank was rolled back to its<br />
foundation and a few dents hammered<br />
out. It was tested and found to be<br />
perfectly tight.<br />
Thiswholly accidental test illustrates<br />
to leak. Every seam in it is<br />
strikingly the strength and ruggedness<br />
welded.<br />
of Oxy-acetylene welding.<br />
While unloading this tank its weight<br />
And the use of Prest-O-Lite, the<br />
—12,000 pounds—snapped the holding<br />
Universal Gas with the Universal<br />
ropes. The tank dropped fifteen feet<br />
Service, is largely responsible for the<br />
to a concrete foundation, rolled on<br />
ruggedness of all welded tanks.<br />
down the railroad embankment, demolished<br />
a small tool house which Write us about Ptest-O-Litc and<br />
stood in its path, jumped bumps and Prest-O-Lite Service. Our forty plants<br />
gulleys and fetched up 600 feet from and warehouses are always ready to<br />
where it started.<br />
THE PREST-O-LITE COMPANY, Inc.<br />
General Offices, Carbide and Carbon Building, 30 East 42nd Street, New York City<br />
Kohl Building, San Francisco<br />
IN CANADA—PREST-O-LlTE CO. OF CANADA, LIMITED. TORONTO<br />
"" WORKER, PI.VMBER AND STEAM FITTER when writing to advertisers<br />
n
4IS M E T A L W O R K E R , P L U M B E R A N D S T E A M FITTER SEPTEMBER 34, 1920<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburgh.— A freer movement of pig Copper bottoms<br />
11.00<br />
iron on contract has somewhat reduced the demand for Lead pipe<br />
6.00<br />
foundrv grades of scrap iron and some of them, notably Tea Lead<br />
5.00<br />
stove plate, are down slightly.<br />
Tin foil<br />
27.50<br />
Zinc Block tin pipe<br />
32.50 4.00<br />
\\ c- quote tor dcliver\- to consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh Pewter, No. 1 22.50<br />
and other districts that take Pitssburgh freight rates as follows: Old Rubber.— There is still little movement in the old<br />
Cast iron wheels $43.00 to 44.00<br />
rubber market. Prices are unchanged. Wholesale dealers'<br />
Steel car axles 42.00 to 43.00<br />
buying quotations are:<br />
Rolled steel wheels 30.50 to 31.50<br />
Machine shop turnings 16.00 to 16.50 Boots and shoes 5.2 to 6<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Trimmed Arctics 4J_ to 4?4<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 24.00 to 25.00<br />
Auto tires 2 to 2V4<br />
Stove plate 30.50 to 31.50<br />
Bicycle tires 1 to 1J_<br />
Heavy breakable cast 36.00 to 37.00<br />
Solid tires 15. to 2y2<br />
Stove plate 30.00 to 31.50<br />
No. 1 inner tubes 10 to 11<br />
last iron borings 20.00 to 20.50<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4'_<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 33.00 to 34.00<br />
Mixed red scrap 3<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York.—Prices are the same as last<br />
week. The market shows very little activity and prices are<br />
generally unchanged. Dealers' buying prices are as follows:<br />
Cents<br />
per lb.<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible $15.25<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 14.25<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 12.75<br />
Brass, heavy 9.50<br />
Brass, light 7.00<br />
Heavy machine composition 15.00<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 9.00<br />
Xo. 1 red brass or composition turnings 12.25<br />
Lead, heavy 7.50<br />
Lead, tea 5.00.<br />
Zinc 5.25<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago.— Market quiet with hand-to- Cents<br />
mouth buying and inquiries not developing into per orders. lb.<br />
Prices<br />
Keel<br />
generally<br />
Brass<br />
unchanged except lead and zinc, .. $13.00 which<br />
have<br />
Yellow<br />
slumped,<br />
lirass,<br />
due<br />
heavy<br />
to foreign<br />
.<br />
influx.<br />
.. 8.50<br />
Vellow brass, borings<br />
.. 8.50<br />
Heavy wire<br />
.. 13.00<br />
Heavy copper<br />
.. 13.00<br />
Copper clips<br />
.. 13.00<br />
J A to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap 1_2 to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose • Vi to 1%<br />
Garden hose .4 to 1<br />
Old Rags.— A moderate demand is reported in the old<br />
rags market and greater activity is anticipated. Wholesale<br />
dealers' prices are:<br />
No. 1 whites $12.00 to .12.50<br />
No. 2 whites 5.50 to 6.00<br />
Thirds and blues •.. 3.25 to 3.50<br />
Straight garments 2.00 to 2.10<br />
Hard back carpets 1.75 to 1.85<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Paper Stock.— The paper stock market reports a steady<br />
movement and a slight increase in price. Wholesale dealers'<br />
buying quotations for New York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $3.15 to 3.25<br />
Crumpled news • 2.15 to 2.25<br />
SHEETS AND METALS<br />
New York, September 24, 1920.<br />
Black and Galvanized Sheets.— Stock which was coming<br />
in nicely a couple of weeks ago is becoming scarcer on<br />
account of less desirable railroad service. There is again<br />
THE BURT<br />
BALL BEARING<br />
REVOLVING VENTILATOR<br />
Is designed on scientific principles so that it is steady<br />
with the wind, preventing the continuous revolving<br />
action whieh impairs the efficiency of ordinary revolving<br />
ventilators.<br />
The construction of the Burt Ball Bearing Revolving<br />
Ventilator allows the air current to pass over the top<br />
and sides and directly through it, creating a partial<br />
vacuum which greatly multiplies its efficiency.<br />
Fire retarding damper furnished if desired. Write<br />
today for catalog of Burt Ventilators. Many types<br />
and all sizes.<br />
The Burt Manufacturing Co.<br />
300 Main Street, Akron, Ohio<br />
Geo. W. Reed & Co., Montreal, Sole Manufacturers of<br />
"BURT" VENTILATORS in Canada
SEPTEMBER 24, 1920 METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
difficulty in getting some sizes and gages, particularly 26<br />
and aim 28 _o galvanized gaivaiiiztu sheets. _nt In consequence, prices are holding<br />
with some e strength.<br />
streno-th<br />
Tin Plate.— The easing up of the demand for bright tin<br />
for food containers for the East was succeeded by a large<br />
demand for the fish canneries of the West and it looks as<br />
if the mills would be well engaged for the first quarter.<br />
The inactivity in the building trades has brought no demand<br />
for roofing plates except for repairs and replacements<br />
and then the better grades are most in demand with t<br />
f\> ATE NT ^F\<br />
PLUMBING<br />
5<br />
FIXTURES<br />
^(.efo-E* AND<br />
prices strong.<br />
Copper.—The week has sliown a change in the tone of<br />
Even Water Costs Money These Days<br />
the copper market and the metal is off slightly but not<br />
sufficiently to be reflected in manufactured products, which<br />
are still scarce and stock not readily secured at market<br />
Watrous Duojet Closets, Using Less<br />
Water, Have a Powerful Sales Advantage<br />
quotations. Sales generally are of a higher figure.<br />
Each time a Watrous closet is finished the<br />
Tin.— The arrival of more tin at the selling centers has<br />
had the effect of producing some vagaries in price movement,<br />
which are shown in lower prices which are now prevailing.<br />
work is thoroughly done on 2 to 3 gallons<br />
less water than an ordinary closet would<br />
use.<br />
Lead.— The arrival of lead from abroad has had the effect<br />
of reducing quotations JAc per pound in a rather dull<br />
market.<br />
In a year's time where there are many<br />
closets in the building the money-saving is<br />
tremendous.<br />
Zinc.— I'he further arrival of zinc shipments from across The Watrous principle is simple and exclu<br />
the ocean has contributed a dullness to the market without<br />
sive. Two powerful converging jets insure<br />
affecting the price.<br />
immediate thorough flush with no delay i.i<br />
Antimony.—Prices continue unchanged and a fair<br />
action. No water is wasted in building up<br />
amount of business is being done.<br />
a siphon. A positive water seal is always<br />
left in the bowl. Watrous Duojet closets<br />
have no zig-zag passages to clog.<br />
Sheets, Pittsburgh.— Not only have prices receded<br />
considerably for the high point of the year, but it is considerably<br />
easier to place business in practically all finished<br />
sheets for early delivery than it was a short time ago. It<br />
all of the business now upon the books of makers was of<br />
liquid character, it is doubtful whether any orders coulo.<br />
be taken for delivery until well into 1921, for it is estimated<br />
that approximately 1,500,000 tons constitute to-day's<br />
unfilled tonnages. Easing in the pressure of the automobile<br />
industry for supplies, however, has rendered the situation<br />
easier with regard to business in other lines for fairly early<br />
delivery. Occasionally small lots of black sheets sell as<br />
high as 8c, base, and galvanized sheets for quick delivery<br />
occasionally go as high as 9.50c, but the more general maximums<br />
on recent business have been 7.50c and 8.75c, respectively.<br />
The position of the American Sheet & Tin Plate<br />
Co. with regard to steel supplies is likely to be improved<br />
as a result of the resumption this week at the Bellaire,<br />
Ohio, works of the Carnegie Steel Co., idle since early in<br />
April, the source of sheet bar supplies for the company's<br />
mills in the Wheeling district.<br />
Tin Plate, Pittsburgh.— The shortage of immediate<br />
supplies still is rather acute, due to the fact that the bookings<br />
of practically all makers are sufficient to engage capacity<br />
well over the end of this year, and only a full<br />
supply of labor and steel will enable the American Sheet<br />
& Tin Plate Co. to be rid of its obligations until well after<br />
the turn of the new year. As the packing season is over,<br />
pressure for supplies from the makers of perishable food<br />
containers has abated, but a number of them are trying to<br />
enter their first quarter and first half of 1921 requirements.<br />
With the needs of the salmon packers, which will take more<br />
than 500,000 base boxes, and which must be shipped between<br />
now and March, 1921, ahead of manufacturers, prospects<br />
cannot be considered to be bright for any appreciable<br />
easing in the supply situation.<br />
NOTES ON PRICES<br />
Send for catalog.<br />
419<br />
The Imperial Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
1323 W. Harrison St.<br />
Chicago, HI.<br />
HAYNES SELLING COMPANY<br />
Heating Specialists<br />
Modulated and Vacuum Heating Systems<br />
Adapted for all Types of Buildings<br />
Over 25 Years' Experience<br />
1711 Sansome Street - Philadelphia, Pa.<br />
chine barrels in yard, wholesale price is $1.46 per gallon.<br />
Rosin — The rosin market is somewhat stronger and<br />
steady. On the basis of 280 lb. to the barrel, the wholesale<br />
price of common-to-good strained is $13.75, Grade D<br />
Linseed Oil. Tue linseed oil market is unchanged, buy is $13.75.<br />
ing being only for immediate needs. In lots of 5 bbl. and Coke.—Those who were expecting a sharp break in<br />
over, city raw American seed is quoted at $1.25 and out- the market as vet have no cause for elation, for<br />
of-town raw American seed is quoted at $1.25. In lots of standard furnace fuel still being quotable ut $16.a0 to $17<br />
less than 5 bbl., 3c more per gallon is asked. Boiled oil per net ton, oven. Contracts for first half of 1921 tonnages<br />
brings 2c more per gallon than raw oil.<br />
are being discussed to some extent, but no actual business<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.—The spirits of turpentine mar has been done, probablv because of the uncertainty surket<br />
is very dull and prices lower than last week. In marounding the future of the pig iron market.
42(1 .METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER SEPTEMBER 24, 1920<br />
CAUTION: Estimates on bids<br />
should be based only on quotations<br />
guaranteed for a specified<br />
time by supply houses<br />
while unusual market conditions<br />
with wide ranges in<br />
Current Market in New York<br />
The quotaUons given below are for small lots, as sold from stores in New<br />
York City by merchants carrying stocks. . •,-_._<br />
As there are many consumers whose requirements are not sumcienuy neavy<br />
to warrant their placing orders with manufacturers for shipment in carload<br />
lots from mills, these prices are given for their convenience.<br />
On a number of articles the base price only is given, it being impracticable<br />
price continue.<br />
to name every size.<br />
ALUMINUM-<br />
5 in • 4.25 4.05 3.00 ROSIN-<br />
NO. 1 aluminum guaranteed over 5./, in 4.90 4.50 3.50 Common to good strained (whole-<br />
4.00 Sale), 280 lbs., per bbl $13.75<br />
99% pure, in ingots for remelt I'in. 5.05 4.75<br />
SHEETS—<br />
ing, 100-lb. lots—37 to 39c. . SS: :.: e-so ?.so Blue Annealed—<br />
ANTIMONY—<br />
Chinese and Japanese, per lb.<br />
ELBOWS AND SHOES—<br />
No. 10, per<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
9c to 10c<br />
Galvanized Steel-<br />
No. 12, per lb 6.50-8.10<br />
BRASS, ROLL AND SHEET—<br />
Plain Round and Corrugated- .40% No. 14, per lb 6.55-8.15<br />
Base price Nominal<br />
All sizes up to 6 in 5C% No. Black- 16, per lb 6.60-8.20<br />
BISMUTH—<br />
Square—<br />
lb 6.70-8.30<br />
Per lb $4.00 to $4 50<br />
Square<br />
No.<br />
One Pass. C. R.<br />
CONDUCTORS—<br />
Copper—<br />
No.<br />
Soft Steel<br />
Corrugated-<br />
All sizes Net List No. 18 to 20, per lb 8.80-10.80<br />
Round or Square-<br />
Furnace Pipe and Fittings- No. 22 to per 24, per lb 8.85-10.85<br />
Galvanized steel 30%<br />
Standard list..Prices on application No. 26, per lb 8.90-10.90<br />
Toncan or ingot 15%<br />
LEAD—<br />
No. 27, 28 and per lighter, lb 36 wide, 8.95-10.95<br />
Copper 10%<br />
American Pig, per lb. ..10c to lie No.<br />
lb 10c 9.W-11.00 higher<br />
Spiral Lock Seam Pipe-<br />
Bar, per lb H>>_ to 12c No. Wellsville Polished—<br />
lb 9.05-11.05<br />
Galvanized 20%<br />
METAL LATH—<br />
20 gauge lb 9.25-11.25 11-60<br />
Spiral Rivet**—<br />
Under 100 sq. yd. per price sq. J^c yd. 40c 22 and 24 gauge 11.70<br />
Galvanized On application<br />
PAINTS, OILS, ETC.— less than 500 26 gauge 11-80<br />
(See also elbows and shoes;<br />
Leads— , „„ 28 gauge 12.00<br />
Eaves Trough Mitres; Strainers,<br />
Lead, American White, in OU, Galvanized—<br />
Conductor.)<br />
kegs less than 500 lbs., 15J_C<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
CONDUCTORS, STRAINERS—<br />
Lea
PLUMBER and<br />
STEAM FITTER<br />
ol. XCIV, No. 14 OCTOBER 8, 1920 $2.00 a Year<br />
Making Fuller Work Fool Proof<br />
What Would Happen if Gasoline Engines Were Adjusted with the Same<br />
Degree of Mechanical Skill that Fuller Work Has for Years Been Expected<br />
to Withstand? Wouldn't the Automobiles on Fifth Avenue Look Like<br />
Dead Mackerels Glistening in the Moonlight—Rarely a One Stirring?<br />
By Harvey A. Call<br />
A glance at Plate 1 shows the ease with which<br />
fuller work can be abused and excites admiration for<br />
its ability to assimilate punishment. An analysis of<br />
its use and abuse brings out the abnormal demands<br />
made upon it and shows the true reason for the<br />
many untenable criticisms attributing faulty, impractical<br />
design and construction.<br />
The highly polished nickel<br />
plated handle of a fuller<br />
faucet is an innocent and<br />
usually graceful part. However,<br />
when considered in its<br />
relation to the operation of<br />
the faucet, it becomes very<br />
clear that the handle is capable<br />
of transmitting enormous<br />
strains from which<br />
arise over 90 per cent, of all<br />
fuller troubles. That statement<br />
may seem far fetched.<br />
However, it will be found<br />
that facts substantiate it.<br />
Remember back in the<br />
days when you were a kid,<br />
every now and then you<br />
came in contact with some<br />
thing you wanted to move,<br />
but could not lift? Sure.<br />
Many the time after tensely<br />
following a rabbit's track for<br />
PLATE 1-<br />
an hour or more, they led to an old stone row. That<br />
was pie, wasn't it, especially if it was far enough away<br />
from the owner's house to give you a fair chance to<br />
dig him out? When you were hard at that job, "diggin<br />
and pokin" and watching every minute, gun handy, if a<br />
big stone was in your way, too big to lift, did that stop<br />
you? No. You got a stick that was long enough to<br />
make a good pry and pried the rock out of your way.<br />
When you were having all that fun, with your pal "a<br />
standin" on top of the wall, both hammers up, all set<br />
to get that rabbit if he ran out, you were using the basic<br />
principle of the fuller faucet—the lever.<br />
No one knows how old the lever is; it is one of the<br />
arts of earliest civilization. Its law, traceable back<br />
to the tribe of Daelus of Athens, 1240 B. C, determines<br />
that power is to weight, as length of lever,<br />
from point of application of weight, to neutral<br />
plane or fulcrum; is to, length of lever, from point of<br />
application of power, to fulcrum. In other words,<br />
that simple fundamental law<br />
has stood for ages. It is uncontrovertable.<br />
It enables<br />
us to establish positively<br />
the strains developed by the<br />
turn of the fuller handle.<br />
For example, take the<br />
faucet shown in Plate 1. The<br />
neutral plane or fulcrum is<br />
the line A-D which is<br />
the center line about which<br />
the handle and eccentric revolve.<br />
The length of lever<br />
between weight and fulcrum<br />
is the length of offset of eccentric,<br />
shown in illustration<br />
as the distance between C<br />
and D and marked Y.<br />
The power applied in<br />
SECTIONAL VIEW SHOWING SPRING STEM<br />
GUIDE AND LEVERAGE RATIO<br />
opening or closing the faucet<br />
is on the handle from A to<br />
B, let us assume its average,<br />
brings it at F. The law of<br />
this equasion. Power is to<br />
the lever applied give The actual relation of Y to X,<br />
weight as Y is to X.<br />
in the faucet illustrated, is as 1 is to 8.<br />
Therefore, if a force of 50 lb. is applied at F,<br />
the equasion would be 50 is to weight as 1 is to 8.<br />
This equasion is reduced by multiplying the means<br />
and extremes 50 X 8 and weight X 1 — result —<br />
400 = weight. In other words the 50 lb. force applied<br />
at F will force the spindle, eccentric, fuller stem, and<br />
ball to withstand a stress of 400 lb.<br />
Further, by referring to Plate 2, which shows the<br />
wrong adjustment of a fuller ball, the ball forced
422 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 8. 1920<br />
against the seat when the eccentric has still a quarter<br />
of a turn to go, it becomes apparent that in many<br />
cases the fuller parts have to withstand such a strain,<br />
bend or break. From this it is evident that for successful<br />
operation these unnecessary and abnormal<br />
strains must be prevented. There is only one way in<br />
which this can be done—proper adjustment.<br />
/Yew Washer- •<br />
NEW<br />
Eccentric<br />
New Stem.<br />
Worn Stern.<br />
WORN<br />
Eccentric<br />
PLATE 2—THE WEAR OF FULLER BALLS<br />
Little can be accomplished in trying to instill into<br />
the minds of users that fuller work should be used<br />
intelligently and that turning of handle should stop<br />
as soon as the flow of water ceases. Intelligent use<br />
is and will remain the exception. Proper adjustment<br />
is possible. Proper adjustment is the one path out<br />
of the maze of fuller difficulties.<br />
Plate No. 2 shows a new ball, also an old ball in<br />
closed position. From these two illustrations it is<br />
evident that if the new ball had been properly adjusted,<br />
as shown by Figs. 1 and 2 of Plate 3, there<br />
never would be any such looking old ball in existence.<br />
The eccentric would nearly reach the point farthest<br />
away from the seat as the ball closed off the flow of<br />
water. Under no circumstances would it pull the<br />
ball up as shown.<br />
RESULTS OF ABUSE OF FULLER WORK<br />
i<br />
That there are thousands of balls exactly similar or<br />
worse than the one shown in the illustration indicates<br />
the actual abuse to which fuller work has been subjected.<br />
It also clearly demonstrates the reason for<br />
bent eccentrics, twisted spindles, elongated stems and<br />
worn stuffing boxes.<br />
By referring to Fig. 3 and 4 of Plate 4 it will be<br />
clearly seen what happens to the fuller ball when improperly<br />
adjusted, Fig. 3 showing the reduced water<br />
area when the faucet is open and Fig. 4 showing the<br />
faucet closed when the eccentric still has a quarter<br />
turn to go before it reaches the farthest point from<br />
the seat.<br />
Note the point in Fig. 4 marked "seat digs ball<br />
here." The reason for it is plain. When tlie ball<br />
begins to seat, the stem is at an angle to the center<br />
line of faucet, forcing the ball to hit on one side<br />
first. It is very evident that in order to stop the<br />
flow of water, when the ball is thus adjusted, enough<br />
pressure must be used on handle to compress that<br />
side of the ball until the other side touches the seat.<br />
I'he result is excessive strain on working parts,<br />
twisted spindles, bent eccentrics, elongated stems,<br />
gouged fuller balls and worn stuffing boxes. Those<br />
are the ills of fuller work. The cure is as simple as<br />
the cause.<br />
Fuller balls should be adjusted on stems so<br />
that the ball closes when the handle of faucet<br />
has described an arc of 145 deg. from the point<br />
at which the faucet is wide open. This is shown<br />
by Plate 3, Fig. 1. Fuller balls adjusted in this<br />
manner will give satisfactory service. Excessive<br />
strain will be eliminated, because, if turning of hand.<br />
does not cease when the flow of water stops, it can<br />
result in a compression of the ball of less than 1/32<br />
in., which the resiliency of a well made ball will<br />
easily absorb.<br />
Undue force used in closing the faucet would<br />
result in simply turning the handle past the center.<br />
Side digging is prevented, as the stem is rapidly approaching<br />
the center line as the ball reaches the seat.<br />
That forces the ball to seat evenly at all points.<br />
IMPORTANCE OF THE GUIDE<br />
The stem guide, as shown in Plate 1, spring guide<br />
indicated by arrow marked E also guide nut on Good<br />
Fuller Stem shown in Fig. 5 and Plates 3 and 4,<br />
clearly illustrates the necessity of the guide and<br />
shows the impossibility of the ball dropping when<br />
guides are properly set.<br />
If this adjustment is properly made, there can<br />
be no bottom digging of ball by the seat. Due care in<br />
making these adjustments will eliminate twisted<br />
spindles, bent eccentrics, elongated stems, and worn<br />
balls. Years of satisfactory service are thus mad.<br />
possible by eliminating the unnecessary wear, which<br />
in the case of fuller work has amounted to at least<br />
75 per cent, of the total wear.<br />
Manufacturers have not been slow to recognize the<br />
carelessness of mechanics resulting in slip-shod repairs.<br />
They have placed on the market adjustable fuller<br />
PLATE 5 GOOD MANUFACTURING<br />
CO.'S ADJUSTABLE FULLER STEM<br />
PLATE 6 ADJUST<br />
ABLE FULLER BALL<br />
stems. The one shown in the illustration Plate 5 i=<br />
manufactured by the Good Manufacturing Co., 305<br />
East 134th street, New York City. Undue wear of<br />
stem and eccentric as shown in Plate 2 has been<br />
checkmated by making these parts of red metal, on<br />
account of its greater resistance to wear.<br />
Thousands of dollars and many years of research<br />
work were necessary to bring fuller balls up to the<br />
present high standard of perfection. To overcome the<br />
reluctance of shops to stock and journeymen plumbers<br />
to carry in their kit a large variety of adjustable<br />
stems, the Good Manufacturing Co. has placed on<br />
the market the adjustable ball shown in Plate 6<br />
The adjustment of this ball is made by cutting off such<br />
part of the extension as is necessary to spot the ball<br />
at the proper point on stem. Its utter simplicity pre-
October 8, 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER 423<br />
eludes every excuse for faulty adjustment, except<br />
ignorance or carelessness.<br />
Fuller adjustment is so simple, fuller work so<br />
satisfactory, when properly adjusted, that every effort<br />
is warranted in obtaining for it a chance to sail under<br />
its true colors. It has suffered from a multitude of<br />
sins not its own. Still, there are journeymen who get<br />
the same thrill of satisfaction in repairing fuller work,<br />
that the crack mechanic gets from the even, regular,<br />
powerful purr of the gasoline engine which he has<br />
just overhauled.<br />
BARRICADE AGAINST PRICE CUTTERS<br />
There are shops that equip their jobbing men<br />
with highest class fuller balls, stems, caps and eccentrics.<br />
They should be instructed in the details of<br />
The Psychrobook for the Heating Engineer<br />
A matter of considerable interest to heating and<br />
ventilating engineers is brought to attention by the<br />
E. Vernon Hill Co., with offices at 117 North Dearborn<br />
street Chicago, 111. The company is specializing<br />
m testing heating, ventilating and air conditioning<br />
apparatus and designing equipment and is manufacturer<br />
and distributor of air testing instruments,<br />
psychrometric and synthetic air charts, etc.<br />
A circular i.s devoted to the Psychrobook which is<br />
described as a handsome genuine leather pocketbook,<br />
4 X 6 in. in size, and less than y2 in. in<br />
thickness. It contains a full size, easily read psychrometric,<br />
with all the tabular data on the proper margin,<br />
a comfort chart that gives the desirable wet bulb<br />
temperature and the corresponding air motion for<br />
®_3CC_>» Yi«l_l<br />
At « / _<br />
CORRECT ADJUSTMENT OF FULLER BALL WRONG ADJUSTMENT OF FULLER BALL<br />
making repairs, and require them to promptly substitute<br />
new for worn parts. Those journeymen and<br />
shops thereby build an impenetrable barricade which<br />
prevents price-cutting competitors encroaching on<br />
their jobbing trade.<br />
The cheap botch has the same chance of proving to<br />
those customers that fuller work is obsolete and no<br />
good as a would-be mechanic has in proving to the<br />
owner of a new Packard Car that it is no good, because<br />
he cannot properly repair it. The customer<br />
and the owner regard the service, in one case fuller<br />
work, in the other the car, and judge the skill the<br />
mechanic employed in maintaining it, by the degree<br />
that that service is satisfactory.<br />
Kewanee Co. to Entertain Heating Men<br />
All the members of the Chicago Master <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s'<br />
Association have been invited by the Kewanee Boiler<br />
Co. to inspect its plant in Kewanee, UL, on Wednesday,<br />
October 13. The company has made every arrangement<br />
for the comfort and pleasure of its guests, including a<br />
special train.<br />
persons at rest, doing light work, moderate and<br />
heavy work, under both winter and summer conditions.<br />
It includes a 5-in. Tycos standard nitrogen<br />
filled thermometer reading from zero to 220 deg. and<br />
a simple attachment whereby the wet bulb temiierature<br />
can be easily and accurately determined. This<br />
is packed safely with the note book, card case and<br />
bill book so that there is no danger of it breaking.<br />
It can be used by covering the dry bulb with a<br />
piece of specially prepared paper and wetting it on<br />
the tongue and then operating so as to get the same<br />
result as secured by the regulation spring psychrometer.<br />
The latter requires considerable space in<br />
which to use it and costing much more than the complete<br />
outfit described above, which has been used<br />
in the ventilation division of the sanitary bureau<br />
of the Chicago health department with a great deal of<br />
satisfaction. Full particulars in reference to the outfit<br />
is given in the circular.<br />
Extra Dividend for Stockholders<br />
Stockholders of the American Radiator Co., Chicago,<br />
makers of Ideal boilers for house heating, received<br />
an extra dividend of $1 a share on common<br />
stock September 22.
424 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 8. 1920<br />
Step on False Pride<br />
Let Them Help You Help Yourself<br />
Something Can Be Learned from Most Any One—A Whole Lot of<br />
Useful Information Can be Gained from the FciLw that Specializes<br />
in His Field—Here Is an Opportunity to Get Specialists' Information<br />
The BtTnett-Larsh Manufacturing Co., Dayton,<br />
Ohio, makers of Duro pumps with branch offices and<br />
distributors in all the principal cities of the United<br />
States and Canada, has recently extended its sales<br />
policy to include a department whose purpose it<br />
feels to be the most important to the sanitary engineers<br />
of the country.<br />
This department consists of several special field representatives<br />
whose work is along strictly educational<br />
lines. They co-operate in every possible way with<br />
the distributors of Duro pumps. One of the things<br />
they are doing is the conducting of meetings composed<br />
of dealers drawn to a single point. After enjoying<br />
a dinner, an illustrated talk is given by one of the<br />
special field men, which explains the construction<br />
and principle of Duro water systems, methods of advertising,<br />
the latest and most modern systems of sales<br />
policies.<br />
A great big article could be written about the underlying<br />
reasons which prompted the Burnett-Larsh<br />
Manufacturing Co. to inaugurate the Duro dealers convention.<br />
That article would contain statements highly<br />
complimentary to the Burnett-Larsh Manufacturing<br />
Co. and it would deserve those compliments. But<br />
that article would not get the plumber anywhere who<br />
was selling Duro outfits. Besides it is a good thing<br />
to watch the fellow that is going to give you a lot<br />
for nothing, as well as the fellow who takes a great<br />
interest in the welfare of your business for nothing.<br />
It will therefore pay to take a good close look into this<br />
proposition. It is a good chance to size up where<br />
you and the Burnett-Larsh Manufacturing Co. fit in the<br />
matter.<br />
If we are to do that, bedrock is the start. Then<br />
if we are going to fit things together and find the<br />
proper places for all the parts, we must first know<br />
how many parts there are. In this case, there is<br />
you and it is a pretty good rule to look out for<br />
No. 1 first. Then there are the Burnett-Larsh Manufacturing<br />
Co., the Duro water systems and the<br />
public.<br />
Now let's get them one at a time, taking the publicfirst.<br />
We know they need pneumatic water systems<br />
or some system to furnish them water under pressure.<br />
That they do is a certain fact.<br />
TNEUMATIC WATER SYSTEM A GOOD INVESTMENT<br />
Next let us get the Duro system. There is no<br />
question about that being a good one. There is no<br />
question but that it will satisfactorily furnish water<br />
under pressure. Is there? Of course not. Pneumatic<br />
water systems are practical and a good investment<br />
for the public, which needs some method of supplying<br />
water under pressure. When you sell one to a<br />
prospect, there is no reason to feel ashamed of it.<br />
As a matter of fact you are making life easier for<br />
that fellow and his family. He will be happier and<br />
healthier, his family will be happier and healthier<br />
and it will be more pleasant for all. If that is so,<br />
then it is really your duty to sell that fellow something<br />
which is going to make him more comfortable.<br />
Now we are in this fix. We have the Duro water<br />
systems, which are good, and the public that needs<br />
them. That leaves the Burnett-Larsh Manufacturing<br />
Co. which makes the Duro systems and you who install<br />
and maintain them. The meat in the cocoanut is<br />
this: Is there any reason under the sun why you and<br />
the Burnett-Larsh Manufacturing Co. should not combine<br />
your energies in giving to the public what it<br />
needs? Is there anything but false pride that will<br />
keep you from combining with the Burnett-Larsh<br />
Manufacturing Co. in fitting them out with Duro<br />
water systems which they so greatly need?<br />
HELPING THE MAKER HELPS THE DEALER<br />
The fellow that is wise has got that reasoned out<br />
He is going to help the Burnet-Larsh Manufacturing<br />
Co. help him for all there is in it. Because that is<br />
going to make money for him. Not only that, but it<br />
is going to give the public more of the water systems<br />
and that is going to make living more comfortable<br />
for all.<br />
The Burnett-Larsh Manufacturing Co. has started<br />
the right thing. Unite your energy with it and with<br />
every other manufacturer who starts something to<br />
help you help yourself, by increasing the comforts<br />
and happiness of your neighbor. None of us knows<br />
it all. Step on false pride. Use every bit of assistance<br />
you can command. Let the Burnett-Larsh Manufacturing<br />
Co. show you all it knows about Duro systems<br />
and how to sell them. You will get something good<br />
out of it. By using it you will be contributing to the<br />
happiness and comfort of your neighbor. In doing<br />
this you are not out to rob your neighbor. You don't<br />
have to. Your profits will be bigger because of<br />
more sales.<br />
Get in touch with progressive manufacturers and<br />
that will encourage them to help you. Do not be<br />
afraid to mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER. That<br />
will show them that you have some pep because you<br />
are reading a paper that has a punch to it.<br />
The farm is not the only place where pneumatic<br />
water systems fit. It is one, to be sure, but there<br />
are thousands of places in small cities and villages<br />
where they are needed and where they would prove<br />
a profitable investment. Look your community over<br />
for these spots. List every last one of them. You<br />
have a good thing for each of them. Go tell them<br />
about it in your own practical way and keep plugging<br />
away at them with every bit of assistance you can<br />
summon.<br />
If you do this, business will come your way and<br />
you will clean up a good profit. Where a legitimate<br />
profit is to be had, make it your practice to step<br />
right down hard on the throttle and use your pep<br />
and head to get your share of it.
October 8, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 425<br />
New Treatment of Hot Water Heating<br />
Comprehensive Information on the Factors Governing<br />
Circulation and Their Application to Heating Buildings.<br />
The expansion tank is a very important factor<br />
in a hot-water heating system and sometimes it is not<br />
given the consideration which it deserves. Frequently<br />
the house supply tank is made to do duty as an expansion<br />
tank, but this should be avoided if possible,<br />
for sometimes attention to the draught on the heater<br />
is neglected. If the water in the heating system gets<br />
to boiling, a lot of dirt and rust is apt to be thrown<br />
into the tank. Besides there is danger of the water<br />
slopping out and doing damage to walls and ceilings<br />
below.<br />
Wherever possible it is better to use a tight steel<br />
tank, where there is no chance for the water to run<br />
over, except through the overflow designed for the<br />
FIG. 34—CIRCULATING<br />
CONNECTION TO EXPAN<br />
SION TANK<br />
FIG. 35 EXPANSION<br />
TANK ARRANGED FOR<br />
HAND FILLING<br />
By Edward E. Parker<br />
purpose. It should stand at some point above the<br />
highest radiator, in a warm place if possible. The<br />
expansion pipe leading into the bottom of the tank<br />
should be connected as directly as possible to the top<br />
of the heater, generally by means of a branch from<br />
the flow pipe to the nearest radiator. The overflow<br />
pipe should be carried to the nearest drain or sink, or,<br />
if no such convenience be handy, to the cellar. A<br />
vent pipe, to prevent siphonage and to act as another<br />
guard to prevent the system being sealed by frost,<br />
should lead from the top of the tank to the chimney,<br />
or other convenient point.<br />
The expansion tank should be of ample size and<br />
should have a capacity to hold 5 per cent, of the<br />
water in the whole system. Owing to the wide<br />
variation in the amount of water contained in different<br />
plants with practically the same amount of radiation,<br />
it is difficult to formulate any exact rule which would<br />
give the size of tank which is needed, but it is a safe<br />
rule to find 2j4 per cent, of the radiation in square<br />
feet and call that the number of gallons the expansion<br />
tank should contain.<br />
If the overflow runs out-of-doors or even through<br />
an unheated attic, a small expansion tank is a source<br />
of danger, as on cold days when the fire is forced<br />
more than usual, the water is expanded into the<br />
overflow pipe where it dribbles along, freezing as it<br />
Part XIV<br />
goes, until sufficient ice is formed to seal the vent.<br />
Then, there being no room for expansion, the pressure<br />
continues to increase until the weakest spot in the<br />
apparatus gives way. Probably four-fifths of the<br />
broken heaters and radiators are due to this cause.<br />
To guard against this danger every precaution<br />
should be taken. In some places the covering of the<br />
tank and the overflow pipe is all that is necessary, but<br />
in exposed situations it is well to run a circulating<br />
pipe so that the hot water will circulate into, or<br />
close to, the tank. The gauge glass on the side of the<br />
tank should be omitted and an altitude gauge placed<br />
on the heater. This is a great convenience at all<br />
times and is of especial value as a danger signal if<br />
the system should become sealed by frost.<br />
Heating contractors should be careful to instruct<br />
their customers to take special notice of the amount<br />
of water in the system when they go into the cellar<br />
to attend the fire on an especially cold morning. If<br />
the hand on the altitude gauge has dropped back to<br />
the starting pin, it indicates not that all the water<br />
has leaked out during the night, but that the overflow<br />
pipe has become sealed by ice and, as the<br />
water in the system cooled off toward morning, it<br />
shrunk in volume, forming a vacuum between the top<br />
of the water and the ice. This took away the atmospheric<br />
pressure, 14.7 lb., or about 32 ft. in altitude, as<br />
registered on the gauge.<br />
If new water should be put in the fire clean,<br />
fresh fuel put on, and the draught left open, the<br />
usual course of procedure on such a morning, the<br />
water would expand against the ice seal and then<br />
further expansion causing an irresistible pressure, the<br />
weakest part of the apparatus, probably some portion<br />
of the heater, would crack. To avoid such a disaster,<br />
whenever the altitude gauge shows in extreme<br />
weather that the system appears empty or that the<br />
water in it has piled up to an abnormal height, a<br />
few gallons of water should be drawn from the<br />
system and then the fire can be run as usual until<br />
the ice seal can be thawed out.<br />
Small relief valves which will open under unusual<br />
pressure, are on the market at a trifling expense and<br />
can be attached to the heater and just inside the draw<br />
off cock is a good place to put it. It provides an<br />
additional safeguard against breakage that should not<br />
be overlooked.<br />
An expansion tank is shown in Fig. 34 with its<br />
connections, which is not likely to give trouble. The<br />
same arrangement is shown in Fig. 35 except that it<br />
applies to places where there is no water supply available<br />
for the purpose of filling the system and so it is<br />
necessary that all the water be carried upstairs and<br />
emptied in by hand. If a pump can be installed in the<br />
cellar the filling of the system will be made easier.<br />
USE OF THE EMERGENCY DEVICE<br />
The emergency device shown in Fig. 36 is a simple<br />
contrivance, original with the author, by means of<br />
which any radiator on a hot water heating plant may<br />
be emptied of its contents and the radiator disconnect-
426 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER October 8. 1920<br />
ed from the system, without danger of spilling any<br />
water in the house, the necessity of dumping the<br />
fire or putting the remainder of the apparatus out of<br />
commission.<br />
This device is simply a J/.-in. pipe, with a valve on<br />
it, leading from the bottom of the heater to some<br />
convenient place where waste water can be run, such<br />
as over a laundry tub or out of doors, the outlet<br />
being at some point higher than the horizontal cellar<br />
mains and below the level of the main floor. Its<br />
operation is as follows:<br />
When the emergency valve is opened, the water<br />
runs out of the expansion tank and the pipe leading<br />
to it down to the level of the outlet, or the line b-b,<br />
but does not run out of any of the radiators unless<br />
they are attached to the expansion tank line, because<br />
the water seal from the level of the line b-b, to the<br />
horizontal mains in the cellar effectually prevents the<br />
air necessary to displace the water in the radiators<br />
from entering. Consequently .the water is held there<br />
by the atmospheric pressure outside pressing the water<br />
in against the vacuum, exactly as it does in automatic<br />
ink wells, watering troughs, etc. If the air vent on<br />
any radiator is opened, that radiator will be emptied<br />
and no other unless it is attached to the same risers.<br />
In case of accident, or if a radiator should develop<br />
a leak, opening the emergency valve and leaving it<br />
open, will prevent any further damage until the leak<br />
is stopped. If the altitude gauge on some frosty morning<br />
shows that the overflow is stopped by ice, the<br />
same remedy should be applied. In case there is<br />
no emergency device on the system, a temporary one<br />
can be made in a few moments by attaching a length<br />
of garden hose to the draw off cock of the heater.<br />
running the other end out of a cellar window and<br />
attaching it to something so that the end of the hose<br />
will be about 3 in. below the main floor of the building.<br />
Care must be taken that there is no leak, either<br />
in the hose itself or where it connects with the draw<br />
off cock.<br />
To operate the thing the workman simply opens<br />
the emergency valve and, when the water begins to<br />
run slowly, opens the air cock on the radiator to be<br />
handled. When the water ceases to run he disconnects<br />
the radiator, does whatever is needed and then<br />
connects it up again, paying no attention whatever<br />
to the remainder of the system. The radiator may<br />
remain disconnected for a week if necessary and plugging<br />
the openings will not be required, but care must<br />
be taken that the emergency pipe is not closed, or any<br />
air cocks opened while the system is in this condition.<br />
SETTING RADIATORS DURING BUILDING OPERATIONS<br />
It is common to install the heating plant early in<br />
building operations, so that artificial heat may be<br />
used during process of construction. In that case<br />
t is usual to set up the radiators away from the<br />
walls, so that mechanics may work around them and<br />
then, when the construction work is nearly finished,<br />
set them back into their permanent position against the<br />
wall. When this is done there are generally some<br />
painters, paper hangers and others working in the<br />
building who would be seriously inconvenienced in<br />
cold weather if the fire had to be put out and the<br />
system emptied in order to make these changes.<br />
The emergency device does away with anv such<br />
necessity. All that is needed is to take down one first<br />
floor radiator, in the manner already described, set it<br />
back where it is to go, then attend to the next one in<br />
like manner. When all on that floor are put into the<br />
places that they are to occupy, all the air valves should<br />
be closed and then, by opening the air valves m the<br />
second story the hot water on that floor will run down<br />
into the radiators on the first floor, then those on the<br />
second floor can be attended to. This attachment<br />
should be connected to every hot water apparatus<br />
except those of the Mills system where all radiators<br />
are naturally vented.<br />
The thermometer is a handy, although not an absolutely<br />
necessary adjunct to a hot-water heating sys-<br />
F1G. 36 SYSTEM WITH EMERGENCY VALVE<br />
tem. But where there is one on the heater to show<br />
the temperature at which the water leaves the heater,<br />
there should be another on the main return pipe so<br />
that the loss in temperature may readily be seen, and<br />
a good idea obtained of the velocity with which the<br />
water circulates. The more sluggish the circulation,<br />
the greater will be the difference in the reading of the<br />
two thermometers. The mean between the readings<br />
gives the average temperature of the radiators.<br />
The proper method of attaching the thermometer<br />
to the apparatus, is not always understood and connections<br />
are often made which seriously interfere with<br />
accurate readings. Sometimes a large opening in the<br />
top of the heater is reduced to the proper size to take<br />
the thermometer, by the use of numerous bushings,<br />
and the bulb of the thermometer hardly reaches the<br />
water at all. The only proper way to attach a thermometer,<br />
is to have it so arranged that the entire bulb<br />
is always wholly immersed in the water.<br />
(To Be Continued)<br />
Eagle Picher Lead Co. Extending Plant<br />
A machine shop, furnace building, power plant and<br />
other structures will be erected by the Eagle Picher<br />
Lead Co., Railway Exchange Building, St. Louis, at<br />
iH new plant at East St. Louis, 111., contract for<br />
which has been let to the Wimmer Contracting Co.,<br />
Victoria Building, St. Louis. The work, with machinery,<br />
is esimated to cost about $500,000.
October 8. 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER 427<br />
Stop'em Before They Start—Leaks, of Course<br />
You Can Avoid Annoying Your Customer and Protect Yourself<br />
Against Unnecessary Expense—and Remember the Quick<br />
and Clean Finish Impresses Every Customer with Your Ability<br />
Compounds used in plumbing or heating systems<br />
eliminate all those stubborn little leaks by stopping<br />
them as soon as they start, thus saving dollars for<br />
the plumber and removing the cause of many disputes<br />
between owner and contractor.<br />
Many a little leak has had the plumber's or fitter's<br />
goat. Every plumber or fitter who has put in his<br />
time with the tools is familiar with the blankety-<br />
h<br />
LEAKS WASTE<br />
.DOLLARS<br />
THE TIME TO STOP THEM IS BEFORE THEY START<br />
blank-blank and then some drip coming from the spot<br />
on the fitting or thread that could not be gotten at<br />
to be caulked and could not be left to take up, as in<br />
the meantime it was damaging the walls or floors.<br />
They are the ones that Billingsgate was made for<br />
but even the choicest and most effective line of Billingsgate<br />
would not affect or stop that little drop<br />
from occurring with consistent and exasperating<br />
regularity.<br />
We are just emerging from the age when two distinct<br />
methods were employed by plumbers and fitters<br />
for overcoming or rather disposing of small leaks.<br />
One class, had a reputation of being rather careless<br />
fir slack mechanics, because of explanations to customers<br />
that leaks were bound to appear in all new<br />
work, and that the drips would stop or rust up in the<br />
course of a few hours. The result was a lot of talk<br />
and numerous tin pans or pails placed about to catch<br />
the water from the drip until such time as Dame<br />
Nature came to the rescue of the plumber or fitter by<br />
plugging the orifice, causing the leak, with particles<br />
of dirt, held, in suspension by the water passing<br />
through, or through oxidization of the sides of the<br />
orifice, known as rustling up.<br />
In cases where the leaks were of considerable size<br />
this class of plumbers or fitters resorted to putting<br />
bran, corn meal, rice, lime, sal ammoniac, acid, or<br />
similar substances in the system to expedite the process<br />
of nature in extricating them from the difficulty.<br />
Although these ingredients did materially assist in<br />
Stopping the leak, each of them had a detrimental<br />
effect on the system in which they were used.<br />
Many times the leak continued for days, weeks<br />
or months, often not stopping at all. The sequence<br />
was ill feeling of the customer toward the plumber<br />
or fitter and vice versa, often resulting in court action<br />
and loss to both owner and contractor. Always the<br />
plumber or fitter wastes valuable time in bluffing the<br />
owner, to gain time for his makeshift methods to<br />
come to his rescue and to stop the leak..<br />
Another class of plumbers and fitters used more<br />
foresight and a policy "stop 'em at any cost." They<br />
used the best cutting equipment with high grade<br />
lard oil, kept their dies sharp and in good condition<br />
and used the best cement in making up joints. They<br />
exercised every precaution to erect the work in such<br />
a manner that it be as free from leaks as possible.<br />
This effort was successful to large extent. However,<br />
stubborn leaks developed in spite of all precautions.<br />
These the plumber or fitter attacked in the spirit of<br />
do or die. If they could not at once be caulked<br />
permanently tight, out came the fitting and a new<br />
one placed in its stead. The job had to be absolutely<br />
free from leaks when left. This built reputation for<br />
the shop. It also cost money.<br />
Testing costs were abnormal. Profits disappeared.<br />
Losses took their place. On hard luck jobs, still it<br />
was the best known method of meeting and remedying<br />
these defects as they arose. While the owner in some<br />
cases had to pay the cost, he in turn had a tight job<br />
for his money. In many cases it devolved upon the<br />
contractor.<br />
HOW THEY USED To FIX 'EM<br />
This condition was not ideal, in fact it was unfair.<br />
It made it imperative that the contractor include in<br />
his estimate a guess as to what the cost of repairing<br />
leaks would be. In some cases it cost less and in some<br />
cases more than the amount of his guess. The contractor<br />
stood to win or lose in every case, and the<br />
owner to lose in every case as the amount placed in<br />
the contract estimate by the contractor to cover the<br />
repairs of leaks was in every case more than the
cost or present day modern compo-inds that quickly<br />
and positively accomplish the same results.<br />
There is no longer need for any guess work or<br />
trouble or worry over stubborn leaks. Chemical<br />
research has developed several compounds that can<br />
be used with plumbing or heating systems and that<br />
vvill quickly and positively stop the leaks. These compounds<br />
are of proven merit. They have demonstrated<br />
time after time the practical saving afforded<br />
and the fact that they do no damage, but in fact<br />
re beneficial to the systems where used.<br />
ALL ARGUMENTS OVER LEAKS CAN BE EASILY PREVENTED<br />
BY USING COMPOUND<br />
SURE CURE FOR STUBBORN LEAKS<br />
These results make it practical that compounds<br />
should be included in estimates. By doing this th"<br />
contractor would be safeguarding himself against<br />
annoyance and loss incurred in stopping small leaks<br />
and the owner would get all for which he was paying—a<br />
system that would automatically stop that<br />
type of leaks as soon as it occurred. The cost wou'd<br />
b; much less than either of the old methods employed<br />
and more satisfactory to all.<br />
The open season during which boiler compounds<br />
cm be used in hunting leaks of all the various<br />
sizes ?nd finds extends throughout the year. <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
and steam fitters using compounds consistently<br />
throughout the year, are sure to bring home the<br />
bacon in the shape of more profit, cleaner, quicker<br />
finishes, and increased prestige.<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 8. 1920<br />
Philadelphia, Pa., announces the appointment of the<br />
following officers and committees:<br />
DIRECTORS: Frank B. Lasette, 238 W. 108th street,<br />
New York City; W. W. Hughes, 1514 E. Franklin<br />
avenue, Minneapolis, Minn.; John S. Irvine, 2889<br />
Woodward avenue, Detroit, Mich.; Harry L. Hanson,<br />
Butte, Mont.; Harry J. Farrell, 100 Linden street,<br />
Camden, N. J.; Andrew L. Curtin, 46 High street<br />
Medford, Mass.; J. W. Hull, 239 South Bellevue<br />
Boulevard, Memphis, Tenn.; John J. Volgelpohl, 4156<br />
Hamilton avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio; John Hokom, 4312<br />
Moneta avenue, Los Angeles, Cal.; L. A. Tompkins<br />
11 West Fifth street, Charlotte, N. C; and B. w!<br />
Warren, 609 San Jocinto street, Houston, Texas.<br />
TRADE EXTENSION BUREAU: Frank B. Lasette 238<br />
West 108th street, New York City, President July 1<br />
1920 to December 31, 1920; D. F. Durkin 'jr 108<br />
South Twentieth street, Philadelphia, Pa, President<br />
January 1, 1921, to June 30, 19__1; Toseph W. Cnanon,<br />
11323 Michigan avenue, Chicago, 111.; L. McNamara,<br />
5376 Easton avenue, St. Louis, Mo • W H<br />
Doyle, 307 S. Smedley street, Philadelphia, Pa.- and<br />
A. C. Eynon, 236 Walnut Street, N. E. Canton<br />
Ohio.<br />
EDUCATIONAL COMMITTEE: Richard Turner, Chairman,<br />
27 East Northampton street, Wilkes-Barre Pa •<br />
A. A. Zertanna, 4337 Manchester avenue, St. Louis'<br />
Mo.; Edward Kanney, 614 Monroe street, La Porte'<br />
Ind.; James H. Aitken, 518 Carondelet street New<br />
Orleans, La.; J. L. Hulteng, Grand Forks, N. D •<br />
and C. E. Cole, 312 North Twenty-first street Birmingham,<br />
Ala.<br />
ESSAY COMMITTEE: J. A. Sprouls, Chairman, 301<br />
Monmouth avenue, Jersey City, N. J.; J. B Mc<br />
Farland, Plaza, Cumberland, Md.; Ge<strong>org</strong>e S. Bull 3<br />
Ford place, Hartford, Conn.; Ge<strong>org</strong>e J. Loughlin,<br />
7531 Cottage Grove avenue, Chicago, 111.; and W M'<br />
Logan, 1422 North Sixth street, Harrisburg, Pa.<br />
STANDARDIZATION COMMITTEE: James E. Baggot<br />
Chairman, 55-57 Lake street, Chicago, 111.; Ge<strong>org</strong>e H<br />
Drake, 218 Lexington avenue, Buffalo, N. Y.; John<br />
H. keane, 207 Fulton building, Pittsburgh, Pa.; R.<br />
T. Rock, 102 South avenue, Bridgeport, Conn.; and<br />
Frederick A. Wilson, 328 Mason street, San Francisco,<br />
Cal.<br />
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE: Walter D. Nolan, Chairman,<br />
1320 New York avenue, Washington, D. C.;<br />
Williani J. Flynn, 3rd and Tremont avenue, New<br />
York City; Charles H. Frederick, 317 Park avenue<br />
Baltimore, Md.; Frank J. Fee, 292 Avenue B, New<br />
York City; and William M. Anderson, 600 Schuylkill<br />
avenue, Philadelphia, Pa.<br />
Notable Contracts for Chicago Companies<br />
_ h. H. Prentice Co., 330 Sherman street, Chicago,<br />
l'l., will do the heating work in the new $150,000<br />
factory building being built for Morris Goldschmidt<br />
& Co., at 600 South Marshfield avenue. The plumb-<br />
'ng will be done by Jones & Jacoby, 426 Plymouth<br />
crescent, Chicago.<br />
E. J. Caffey & Co., 350 North Clark street, Chicago,<br />
Plumb-'ng Directors and Committees Appointed<br />
will do the heating in a new high school buildino- in<br />
Waukegan, 111., and will install the heating plant in<br />
D. F. Durkin, Jr., president of the National Associa an addition to the telephone exchange at f454 West<br />
tion of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, 108 South Twentieth street, Nineteenth street.
October 8. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 429<br />
Modern Plumbing Work in the Skyscraper<br />
The Problems Met in Designing and Installing Plumb'ng in the<br />
Modern Skyscraper Are Interesting in That They Show That<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s and Plumbing Have Kept Pace with other Industries.<br />
Down on lower Broadway in New York City there<br />
is in the course of erection anotlier skyscraper in<br />
the shape of an office building to be known as the<br />
Cunard building. It is being erected for the Cunard<br />
<strong>Steam</strong>ship Co. To be exact it is located on the<br />
southwest corner of Broadway and Morris street on<br />
a plot of ground 203 ft. 1% in. on Broadway by<br />
248 ft. 2 in. on Morris street by 231 ft. ljHj in. on<br />
Greenwich street, all that portion of the block lyingnorth<br />
of Bowling Green building. The building will<br />
be of steel skeleton frame, fireproof construction and<br />
22 floors in height, with basement and sub-basement.<br />
The building plans were made in the office of<br />
B. W. Morris, architect, 101 Park avenue, New York-<br />
City. It is being erected by Todd, Irons & Robertson,<br />
101 Park avenue, New York City. Clyde R. Place,<br />
70 East Forty-fifth street, New York City is the<br />
consulting engineer for the building and in his office<br />
the plans and specifications of plumbing, fire lines,<br />
water supply and leader lines were prepared under<br />
the immediate supervision of Edward A. Bernstrom.<br />
That part of the work is being installed by the W. G<br />
Cornell Co., Forth avenue and Seventeenth street, New<br />
York City. Mr. Simmons, secretary of the Cornell<br />
company, is the directing head in prosecuting the<br />
work.<br />
There is one significant fact which becomes pronounced<br />
when one considers this or a similar skyscraper.<br />
These buildings would not be possible, practicable<br />
or tenable if they had no modern p'umbing and<br />
heating equipment. R< al plumbers are installing that<br />
equipment. The W. G. Cornell Co. is composed of<br />
practical men who have worked up through the ranks,<br />
efficiency being the stepping stones to their present<br />
position 11 —proof that men starting with the tools can<br />
fit themselves to handle the largest undertaking. Conscientious,<br />
hard work to bpftPr ones-self and increase<br />
knowledge is the keynote to success. From this it will<br />
be seen that these same skyscrapers are monuments to<br />
the progress of plumbing and plumbers.<br />
One roof tank shall be installed and connected up<br />
as soon as the steel is erected. One of the permanent<br />
pumps shall be installed immediately thereafter or a<br />
temporary pump furnished by the plumbing contractor,<br />
using the permanent discharge line to the roof. As<br />
soon as the roof tank is in commission the two<br />
temporary risers shall be connected to same.<br />
In the construction of the building there shall be<br />
provided and connected up with water and drainage on<br />
every fourth floor a workmen's temporary toilet,<br />
10 ft. long, known as a stool sink. They will be<br />
located on the building floor as directed and will be<br />
maintained by the plumbing contractor.<br />
That responsibility for retarded progress in any<br />
portion of the work may be promptly and accurately<br />
ascertained, each trade is held responsible for the<br />
progress of its own work. It is therefore necessary<br />
(hat the plumbing contractor make his own arrangements<br />
for the distribution of his material to the<br />
various floors and such trenching as is necessary for<br />
his pipes, other than fast rock. When it is considered<br />
that there will be installed in this budding,<br />
when complete, 1671 fixtures, it will be seen that<br />
the distribution of the material throughout the building<br />
is a good sized contract by itself. Therefore an<br />
inefficient plan of distribution would cause considerable<br />
loss and be the means of slowing up the work.<br />
ADAPTABILITY OF METERIALS USED<br />
PLUMBING SPECIFICATIONS EXPLICIT<br />
One of the fundamental considerations in the design<br />
of sanitary systems in structures of this typhis<br />
the adaptability of material for the purposes needed.<br />
In this particular building the house sewers and all<br />
sewage pipes buried under the ground are of extra<br />
'eavy cast iron pipe, weight 13 lb. per foot. Above<br />
•hat point all drainage stacks, waste and vent lines and<br />
branches are genuine wrought iron pipe, galvanized,<br />
of Reading Iron Co. or Byers manufacture.<br />
The fittings used with the cast iron pipe are of<br />
the grade known to the trade as extra heavy grey<br />
iron. The fittings used on drainage stacks, waste and<br />
vent lines and branches are full weight, galvanized,<br />
The specifications covering this part of the work recessed drainage fittings of long sweep design.<br />
as prepared in Mr. Pace's office by Mr. Bernstrom are All cold water piping including risers from pumps,<br />
very explicit and little is left to the imagination. Combined<br />
with the plumhing layout the scope and detail of<br />
the work is well ard c'earlv defined.<br />
It will be clearly seen from the following excerpts<br />
from the plumbmg specifications that when the job<br />
is started the plumbers get there pronto. Upon<br />
notice from the builder the plumbing contractor<br />
shall install in sub-basement and connect up a<br />
temporary electric pump of ample capacity and two<br />
2-in. risers up through the building to given locations.<br />
These risers shall follow the erection of the<br />
fire stands and leader connections are of genuine<br />
wrought iron pipe of Reading Iron Co. or Byers<br />
manufacture above the twelfth floor. Below that<br />
point all risers from pumps, fire stands and cold<br />
water piping are of extra heavy galvanized genuine<br />
wrought iron pipe.<br />
The fittings used on the extra heavy pipe are extra<br />
heavy galvanized cast iron fittings. The fittings on<br />
cold water 1 ties ai.-ove the twelfth floor are full<br />
weight ^alvari'ed r^a'lf'^b'e fitti""s up to the 2-in.<br />
S<br />
budding and have installed thereon at each floor two<br />
hose b'bbs on each riser, with connection to water<br />
barrel. This means two water barrels on each floor<br />
and four hose bibbs. The water barrels shall be<br />
arranged so that they shall overflow into a barrel on<br />
the floor below and the lowest barrel into the sewer.<br />
1 'ze. Above that size they are full weight galvanized<br />
cast iron.<br />
The pipe used for installing the gas lines and<br />
branches is genuine wrought iron pipe, black, of<br />
Reading Iron Co. or Byers manufacture. The fittings<br />
used on the gas pipe 2 in. and under are full<br />
weight galvanized," malleable fittings. All fittings
430<br />
over 2<br />
tings.<br />
P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER October 8, 1920<br />
are full weight, galvanized cast iron fit-<br />
To avoid the reduction in the thickness of the pipe<br />
all nipples on the work having an unthreaded portion<br />
of less than \y2 in. in length are cut from extra heavy<br />
pipe This applies to all drainage stacks, waste and<br />
vent hues and branches, cold water lines and branches<br />
leader connections, gas mains and branches and fire<br />
stands.<br />
The pipe used for hot water is full weight iron<br />
pipe size brass pipe, tin lined, thoroughly annealed,<br />
tested to 1000 lb. water pressure per square inch The<br />
fittings used in connection with the brass pipe are of<br />
extra heavy or cast iron pattern cast brass fittings<br />
of iron pipe size, the finish corresponding with the<br />
quality and finish of pipe. This includes the brass<br />
pipe and fittings exposed at fixture.<br />
The joints between cast iron pipe are made in the<br />
customary manner, using picked oakum and molten<br />
lead, not over y in. ring of oakum used in any joint.<br />
Screwed joints are made up with pure white lead, the<br />
lead being applied to thread on outside of 'pipe<br />
only, no lead being placed on threads of fittings.<br />
No lead pipe is used except a short piece<br />
to make the connection between<br />
the waste line and the<br />
closets.<br />
Sv/hr Wast-e Abate floor<br />
Sodcr H_*ifrr Undrrr Hoot<br />
Ver&PtpmQ<br />
Cold Watvr<br />
Hvf- Wa+tr<br />
Pump Riser<br />
0__ Piping<br />
Fire Lino<br />
SUB BASEMENT PLUMBING PLAN OF CUNARD BUILDING<br />
This short piece of lead is fastened to a brass solder<br />
nipple by means of a wiped joint and the soldering<br />
nipple is screwed into the branch fitting, thus completing<br />
the connection. The vent branch for closets<br />
is taken from this connection.<br />
As will be seen by referring to the sub-basement<br />
plan, the sanitary system in the body of building is<br />
connected directly through house traps to city sewage.<br />
An idea of the magnitude of the work is gained<br />
by the sizes of waste and supply lines as shown on<br />
plans, there being four 10-in. sewer connections to<br />
city sewers, two 5-in. and one 3-in. water connection<br />
from city water mains. These water connections are<br />
Iirovided with full size gate valves, fish traps, meters,<br />
check valves, test tees and gate valve as shown on<br />
plan at entrance into building, from which point they<br />
are conducted to a duplicate surge tank 16 X 10 X<br />
9 ft. located in sub-basement.<br />
The water level in the surge tank is maintained<br />
by means of a float ball valve and the water connections<br />
are by-passed so that<br />
the water can flow
October 8, 1920 P L U M B E R A N D STEAM FITTER<br />
direct to the pumps. From the surge tank water is<br />
drawn by suction in duplicate cross connected electrically<br />
driven centrifugal pumps of 200 gal. capacity<br />
per minute and discharged into two cross connected<br />
steel storage tanks located on the' roof. These<br />
tanks are each 15 X 9 ft. and made of ^-in. boiler<br />
plate. From the house tanks the water is distributed<br />
SECTION OF PLUMBING RISER DIAGRAM, CUNARD BUILDING<br />
to fixtures throughout the building as shown by the<br />
typical section of plumbing riser plan.<br />
Lavatories have J^-in., showers, sinks, trays, tubs<br />
and slop sinks, y~'m. hot and cold water connections.<br />
Urinals have y-'m. cold water only, and closets have<br />
114-in. cold to flushing valves.<br />
By referring to the plumbing riser plan it will be<br />
seen that this building is 318 ft. from the street level<br />
431<br />
to roof, where tanks are located. If there were no<br />
regulating valves used, the pressure of water at the<br />
fixtures on the first floor would be approximately<br />
138.3 lb. per square inch. To avoid this excessive<br />
pressure regulating valves are installed as shown on<br />
the riser plan. As will be seen the regulating valve<br />
mi the cold water lines are installed" in the pipe<br />
l.ne shaft each valve regulating the cold water pressure<br />
to the fixtures on three of the floors supplied by that<br />
ne. The regulating valves are of the Ford H. W.<br />
type, yA to \y2 in. and Ford L. type on 2 in.<br />
(To Be Continued)<br />
Rip Van Winkle Slept for Twenty Years<br />
That is not true of the American Society of Heating<br />
and Ventilating Engineers. It has originated<br />
and is executing a program of expending $20,000<br />
per year for 5 years to complete engineering research<br />
n the following subjects: Radiant Heat Loss from<br />
<strong>Steam</strong> Radiators, Heat Losses from Pipes Buried<br />
in the Ground, Circulation of Water in Hot Water<br />
Systems, Heat Losses Through Various Building Materials,<br />
Electrical Method of Testing Radiators, Infiltration<br />
Through Various Forms of Building Construction,<br />
Relation Between Outside Wall Temperatures<br />
and Dew Point, Standardization of Dust Measurements,<br />
Checking Application of Heating Boiler<br />
Testing Code.<br />
This work will result in great benefit to all who<br />
closely follow the result of the research. Every heating<br />
and ventilating engineer needs this information.<br />
It will enable him to more intelligently perform his<br />
work. It will clear away to a large degree uncertainty<br />
now existing in regard to these subjects. The work is<br />
essential and needs to be done.<br />
The progress of the industry is dependent on the<br />
attitude of those connected with it. A passive attitude<br />
spells stagnation. This should not and will not obtain.<br />
The worthy work of the American Society of Heating<br />
•nd Ventilating Engineers is started. It will be<br />
finished. All should enjoy its benefits and should<br />
earn the right to participate in those benefits by<br />
helping in the achievement of this worthy effort.<br />
Every heating and ventilating engineer can help.<br />
'"here is an urgent need for funds at present for<br />
expansion of the work now in progress. Full information<br />
as to how best you can aid the society and in<br />
doing so obtain the data of research results as they<br />
are compiled can be had bv addressing C. W. Obert,<br />
ecretary of the society, at 29 West Thirty-ninth<br />
street, New Ynrk Citv.<br />
ce Engage in this worthy work. It will make you<br />
nroud to be numbered among those whose efforts have<br />
J ride possible the achievement which will result.<br />
Central Supply Co. New Catalogue<br />
The plumbing trade in the northwest covered by<br />
the Central Supply Co., 312-316 Third street, Minneapolis,<br />
Minn., is apprised of the fact that a new<br />
catalogue is in the hands of the printer and will be<br />
issued in the near future. It will show the extensive<br />
line of heating and plumbing supplies and supplies<br />
for factories which the company carnes. Enclosed<br />
with the announcement is a circular of a tank heater<br />
for immersion in the watering tanks used on farms<br />
for stock in the winter season and for heating<br />
water for various industrial purposes as well as on<br />
farms.
432 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 8. 1920<br />
TheHalf Breed That Costs Money<br />
Eliminate as Far as Possible Every Element<br />
of Uncertainty from Your Bid<br />
Estimates are so vital and important an element of supplied is unpardonable. In making estimates for<br />
business that every bid should be based on real new work in old buildings or in buildings where no<br />
estimates that include the cost of material, cost of special places or provisions are made by the architect<br />
labor, cost of overhead and a profit separately com or builder for the installation of plumbing and heatputed.<br />
Bids which are not based on separate estiing work, calculations of the quantity of pipe, fittings<br />
mates of these various items are guesses. There is no and labor are of necessity approximations or guesses.<br />
use in trying to fool one's self into believing that Conditions arise on all these jobs which modify the<br />
that statement does not apply in his case as he amount of these items required in completing the<br />
knows that the estimate is right. That is only getting work. Rarely do two of these jobs present identical<br />
more deeply into the mire.<br />
It is a common statement that figures don't lie.<br />
The kind we are considering do not. The problem<br />
then resolves itself into this: A plumber or fitter either<br />
working conditions. Therefore, these items must<br />
figures the cost of his material, figures the cost of<br />
his labor, figures the cost of overhead, and against<br />
the sum of these figures a legitimate profit, the total<br />
of all being the sum of his bid or he does not base<br />
his estimate on figures.<br />
Now, if he does not figure any of these items,<br />
THE ACCURATE ESTIMATE IS PROOF OF YOUR ABILITY. IT<br />
IS A BUSINESS GETTER THAT INSURES PROFITS<br />
be based on the best approximations that experien<br />
can render. However, these approximations should<br />
be carefully checked from job to job to ascertain<br />
the amount of error in the computation, thus insuring<br />
against loss through over confidence.<br />
Other than these approximations guess work should<br />
be eliminated. The cost of material entering the work<br />
can and should be carefully computed to the last<br />
penny. The number of days work carefudy and finally<br />
approximated, the cost should be figured and entered<br />
in estimate as the cost of that item.<br />
The cost of overhead, on which volumes have been<br />
written, is a simple matter. It should include every<br />
WHY TAKE THE RISK IN JUMPING? IT PAYS TO GO OVER<br />
expense incurred in doing business other than money<br />
expended for labor and material on which equal col<br />
THE SAFE ROUTE<br />
lectable charges are made. In other words it should<br />
include the tradesman's personal salary, office and un<br />
and bids for the work, it is very apparent that productive he labor salaries and expenses, rent, light,<br />
guesses. Perhaps he figures the cost of the material,<br />
cost of labor and adds a profit without figuring his<br />
overhead. The result is the same. He guesses. In<br />
the first instance he relies on his knowledge to protect<br />
him in making the guess. In the next instance<br />
lie bases part of his estimate on figures and the rest<br />
on guess.<br />
The result may be a half breed, but it never gets<br />
out of the guess family. More than that, bids based<br />
on those half breed estimates have been a constant<br />
menace to the plumbing and heating fraternity in YOU CANNOT BE BLUFFED OUT OF PROFITS WHEN YOUR<br />
that they have been largely responsible for the vast<br />
ESTIMATE IS BASED ON FIGURES<br />
amount of cutthroat competition existent, all of<br />
which has reacted to the detriment of the industry heat, telephone, transportation, loss account, wea<br />
as well as to the best interests of the public.<br />
tear, and all similar expenses incurred as a direct<br />
There is so much approximation or guess work charge necessitated in the operation of the business<br />
which cannot at one jump be eliminated in mak-n" The cost of all these items should be charged proestimates<br />
that guessing where figures can be readily<br />
(Continucd on Page 433)
October 8. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
E PATH THAT LEADS<br />
TO MONEY (N THE BANK<br />
The Bank Is the Store Where Money is Sold—Money Is Not<br />
an Intangible Something That Is Impossible to Get—Money<br />
Is the One Kind of Material That You Put into Every Job<br />
The mere act of buying money from the bank<br />
incurs no obligation other than that of buying material<br />
from the jobber. Why is it then, that the<br />
average small business man is afraid of the banker?<br />
Perhaps it is partially due to the attitude of bankers<br />
or money lenders of the old days who thought that<br />
they were little tin gods and accepted every opportunity<br />
to impress that fact upon borrowers. They<br />
felt their power and had an exaggerated idea of<br />
their importance. Assuming an air of great dignity<br />
and wisdom, they seemed to take pride in turning<br />
down applicants for accommodation.<br />
Some of the awe inspired in that period may have<br />
been inherited by the present generation. Banks<br />
have changed since the old days and there is no<br />
longer need of the fear on the part of any business<br />
man. Be he large or small he can go to his banker<br />
and get courteous treatment and accommodation to<br />
the limit of his ability through his work.<br />
The banker will ask questions, certainly. He will<br />
want to know how you are p'anning to pay for the<br />
money you want to buy. He will want to know<br />
what source or sources you have from which you<br />
ca~ cret the necessary money with which to pay for<br />
what you have purchased in case all your plans of<br />
payment do not work as you expect. It is a business<br />
proposition with the bank. It is eager to sell money,<br />
the more it sells, the more it makes.<br />
Your credit at the bank will be based on just four<br />
things; real estate, endorsements, goods and character.<br />
The banker considers that it depends more on your<br />
character than on your capital. The four fundamental<br />
principles of character on which you will be<br />
judged are: First, health, ability to work; second, indurtry,<br />
willingness to work; third, persistency, continuity<br />
of work; and fourth, reliability, dependability<br />
of work.<br />
BANKER GUAGES YOUR CREDIT VALUE<br />
As to character you need not worry, you are what<br />
you are and the banker knows it. He knows your<br />
reputation and your standing. It is his business to<br />
look a fellow clean through, to look down into his<br />
soul, and to judge whether he is honest and has grit,<br />
if he has sense and wisdom. He m^a^ures his man<br />
and then measures out the credit against that man.<br />
There is nothing disgraceful or degrading for business<br />
men to go to their banks for funds with which<br />
to finance their business. The banker so thoroughly<br />
discovers the character and assets in order that he<br />
can accurately determine what amount it is safe for<br />
the bank to loan you. The point is that in the<br />
majoritv of cases it is not safe for your own sake<br />
to borrow more than the bank is willing to loan. But,<br />
if it is safp for the bank to loan you wh^t you want<br />
and vou need it and can, with reasonable certainty,<br />
p'an for its return, then by all means you should go<br />
to your bank and borrow rather than work along<br />
433<br />
with your mind distracted with worry and your hands<br />
half tied.<br />
If you need material for a job, you buy it. When<br />
you need additional tools or equipment, you buy them.<br />
Yet buying material or equipment is really borrowing<br />
it until such time as the bills are paid. In the same<br />
manner you should act as regards money. When you<br />
need, and careful consideration shows that you can<br />
turn it over to advantage, you should go to your<br />
bank and buy money.<br />
Keep in touch with your banker; tell him of the<br />
kind of work you are doing; where your funds are<br />
tied up; how payments are coming in, new contracts<br />
which you have under way; profits and overhead costs<br />
figured, and how your business is developing. Make<br />
him feel that you are on the level and consider him<br />
entitled to all the information you have about your<br />
business.<br />
When in doubt as to financial problems, go to<br />
your banker for advice. He knows financing and<br />
will be glad to assist you to the limit of his ability.<br />
The success of your banking business will depend<br />
upon the attitude you assume toward your banker.<br />
The Half Breed that Costs Money<br />
(Continued from Page 432)<br />
portionately to the work being done; therefore a<br />
proportionate share shou'd go into and form a part<br />
of every estimate and this will be entered as the cost<br />
of overhead in estimating. With this information<br />
a profit can be estimated with reasonable accuracy.<br />
Otherwise the profit will be a mere guess, which in<br />
most cases is entirely too small and in a great many<br />
cases is not a profit but a portion of overhead expense.<br />
Profit is the part of the business that absolutely<br />
determines one's ability as a business man. Any one<br />
can get more work than he can do if he does it<br />
for nothing, or pays someone to let him do it. In<br />
many cases that is what it amounts to. A business<br />
man can only be fair to all his customers by making<br />
a fair profit on each. In order to do this he must<br />
include a proportionate share of overhead and the<br />
same rate of profit in all estimates given or bills rendered<br />
for work done. Business built on this basis<br />
will prosper. Further than that it will produce<br />
for its owner an ever-increasing prestige among the<br />
people of his community freeing him from many<br />
petty complaints, thus adowing him to use his energy<br />
in doing greater and more satisfactory things.<br />
It is a vital mistake to mislead yourself into thinking<br />
you are making a profit. Know. Keep a record<br />
of costs, compare them frequently. It is your duty<br />
to reduce co
434 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 8, 1920<br />
How the Shop Owner May Learn<br />
to Buy and Manage Better<br />
A Few Thoughts and Suggestions on Getting Ideas Which<br />
Help in Buying, Managing and Cutting Costs Generally<br />
Only one man out of every twenty that starts a<br />
business of his own succeeds, so it has been stated by<br />
a commercial agency whose business it is to keep close<br />
tabs on such statistics.<br />
WHY DO SO MANY MEN FAIL<br />
That is a rather high percentage, and when one<br />
stops to think of it the question naturally arises:<br />
"What is the reason why so many men fail"?<br />
Is business success a matter of luck or ability?<br />
If it is luck, then what is the use of trying? Why<br />
not take things as they come and trust to luck to get<br />
a living?<br />
If it is ability, then there is every incentive to<br />
become a more able man in your line of work and<br />
consequently more successful.<br />
ANY MAN HAS ONLY HIMSELF TO THANK FOR SUCCESS<br />
OR FAILURE<br />
An analysis of the general situation must lead to the<br />
conclusion that luck plays little if any part in business<br />
success. The man who succeeds has in the great<br />
majority of cases only himself to thank for his success.<br />
Similarly the man who fails has only himself to<br />
blame.<br />
The line of business cannot be blamed, for there is<br />
little variation in the percentage of failures in all<br />
lines of business.<br />
YOUNG MECHANICS NO CHANCE TO LEARN BUSINESS<br />
The whole cause for success or failure seems to<br />
rest right with the individual who starts in business<br />
for himself although it would almost seem that in<br />
certain of the building trades the percentage might<br />
reasonably be expected to be higher, for the simple<br />
reason that the young shop owner has not had the<br />
opportunity to learn the business side of the business<br />
as the young owner in other lines.<br />
Take for example, the young man working in a<br />
lumber dealer's office. He is in close touch with all<br />
the business details of the office and the business. He<br />
gets an insight into the buying, estimating and selling<br />
as well as financing methods. He learns how his employer<br />
does his banking, how he buys, how he gets his<br />
business and he gets a good idea of costs generally.<br />
WITH THE PLUMBER IT IS DIFFERENT<br />
But with the young plumber or steam fitter, let<br />
us say, it is vastly different. A young man in this<br />
line works in the shop. He seldom if ever has an<br />
opportunity to learn the first detail of what goes on in<br />
the office. His work is confined to the shop—to the<br />
production of the work, and outside of becoming<br />
familiar with the mechanical side, with the tools and<br />
materials and the method of erecting the work, he has<br />
no chance to learn the business. All he learns is the<br />
trade. The business side of the industry remains as<br />
foreign to him as if he were not engaged in the line<br />
at all.<br />
And yet thousands of young- men are going into<br />
business in these lines for tbemselves every year.<br />
The wonder is that even a few succeed, even after<br />
buying their success by bitter experience.<br />
MEN WHO SUCCEED ARE THE MEN WHO TRY<br />
The only explanation that seems to satisfy is that<br />
these young men who succeed take full advantage<br />
of every opportunity to fit themselves to become better<br />
TWO EXCELLENT SOURCES OF INFORMATION<br />
The one you know about and appreciate. You may be overlooking the<br />
other. Better make sure that you are not.<br />
managers. They do not let a chance slip to overcome<br />
the handicap of lack of business training under<br />
which they started for themselves.<br />
WHERE HELPFUL INFORMATION IS OBTAINED<br />
It is true that these young men frequently do get<br />
a great deal of help from the trade papers, and<br />
many of them will attribute much of their success to<br />
the information on business topics which they obtained<br />
through their trade papers. But the object of<br />
this article is not to emphasize the value of the reading<br />
pages of a trade paper to the shop owner. It is<br />
rather to bring to his attention another valuable
October 8, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 435<br />
source of information which has helped many a man<br />
in buying, managing and keeping his costs down<br />
generally.<br />
Are you justified in thinking that all the manufacturer<br />
is after is your money on one order? You<br />
should know that successful business is not done that<br />
way these days. The inanufacturer does not make<br />
A SOURCE OF INFORMATION OFTEN OVERLOOKED<br />
his profit out of the first order. It is the repeat order<br />
that counts—the satisfied customer, for it costs only a<br />
It is a source of information that is in the large fraction to get a repeat order from a satisfied cus<br />
majority of cases either totally neglected or greatly tomer of what it costs to get the first order from a<br />
undervalued and under-used. Reference is made to new customer.<br />
the free information which the manufacturer will give<br />
when special problems are put up to him and through MANUFACTURER MUST DELIVER THE GOODS<br />
his catalogues and trade literature generally.<br />
Therefore the manufacturer of today realizes that<br />
Often and often manufacturers spend hundreds and he has to deliver the goods, and part of that delivery<br />
even thousands of dollars compiling catalogues, em consists in passing out real helpful information<br />
bodying in them, information of the most helpful through his trade literature. He knows that one way<br />
kind, only to have many of them thrown into the to create a good impression is to give some real help<br />
waste basket when distributed generally, and in so to prospective customers and in that way they are<br />
many other cases not one-quarter read.<br />
bound to remember him.<br />
This is unfortunately true even in the cases of Take the case of this Borden circular and the head<br />
catalogues which in reality are handbooks of informaing referred to—"Cut Your Labor Cost." That in<br />
tion in their particular line of work. This is especially itself, if it can be done, is a good way to increase<br />
true sav in the case of fan manufacturers who em your profits.<br />
body in their catalogues tables which are almost in So this heading should make the one who receives<br />
dispensable to the many who design fan blast and ex it want to read further. Here is what he will find:<br />
haust systems.<br />
"Did you ever figure what it costs you to change dies<br />
But aside from the technical information which in an ordinary die stock? How much time is spent<br />
many of these catalogues contain, there are other cata fur loose dies and bushings? Do you know that you<br />
logues and even modest circulars from which the can cut a thread with a 'Heaver' in the time that<br />
young shop owner, and often the older shop owner it takes to change the dies with most tools? You<br />
also, may obtain considerable help in a business way. cannot afford today to use poor or worn out tools."<br />
There is enough in those few words to make any or<br />
A CHANCE TO PROFIT BY ABILITY OF OTHERS<br />
all of the nineteen unsuccessful out of every twenty<br />
men do a little thinking. No man has a right to com<br />
It must be remembered that the manufacturers spend plain of the high cost of production unless he<br />
a great deal of money in compiling this literature thinks out those statements to their final conclusions<br />
and engage men of special ability to do the work. and see how he can reduce his producing costs.<br />
The catalogue or other trade literature therefore reflects<br />
the ability of these men and in this very fact WHO IS TO BLAME FOR HIGH COSTS BUT YOURSELE<br />
there is promise of an opportunity on the part of the<br />
man who receives the catalogue to learn something<br />
from the able man who compiled the catalogue.<br />
The study of trade literature will result in bringing<br />
to one many helpful ideas. It is one source of information<br />
which has already proved helpful to many<br />
a man. It will bring new ideas—thoughts and suggestions<br />
which if followed through will result in making<br />
the shop owner a more capable business man—a<br />
more intelligent buyer and a better all round business<br />
man.<br />
The incident which suggested this article especially<br />
was the receipt of an especially attractive and complete<br />
circular from the Borden Co., Warren, Ohio,<br />
naturally devoted to its die stocks.<br />
If your costs are high, who is to blame? Have you<br />
done everything you could do to keep those costs<br />
down—to cut them, or when you have had a chance<br />
to cut them by following out some suggestion just<br />
like this, have you passed it up, considering that this<br />
was just advertising bunk?<br />
If you have followed the latter course, and you are<br />
unsuccessful, then you have only yourself to blame for<br />
the lack of success. It is just another incident which<br />
proves that luck plays a very small part in business<br />
success or failure. It lies with the man himself.<br />
And to show that there are other suggestions to<br />
be gained from circulars of this kind, here is a quotation<br />
from another page:<br />
"The only answer to mounting labor costs is greater<br />
CUTTING YOUR LABOR COSTS<br />
ease and speed in production. Users are more willing<br />
than ever to pay a higher price for a more efficient<br />
tool."<br />
Follow the idea of the circular through. The Borden<br />
people had this circular prepared to convev the<br />
idea to the plumber and steam fitter that he can cut<br />
his labor costs and consequently make more money<br />
by using efficient pipe threading and cutting equipment.<br />
The company wants to get that idea across to<br />
the buyer, relying upon its own ability to have its<br />
tools make good to reimburse it for putting out such<br />
a circular.<br />
There is one caption on one of the pages of this<br />
circular which in itself should be sufficient in these<br />
days of high costs to make the man who receives it<br />
go through it carefully. This heading is: "Cut your<br />
labor costs."<br />
And right here is where a good many men fall<br />
down. When they read such a sentence on a piece<br />
of printed matter too many are likely to think it is a<br />
catch phrase designed only to get the attention of the<br />
reader.<br />
It may be in some cases, but if you are one of the<br />
nineteen men out of the twenty who are not making a<br />
success can you afford to run the risk of throwing the<br />
circular into the waste basket without investigating<br />
further ?<br />
WHAT HELPS THE MANUFACTURER HELPS THE<br />
CUSTOMER<br />
The idea of how to cut labor costs is a good one.<br />
The plumber and steam fitter will profit by it first.
436 P L U M B E R A N D<br />
In short, from the one or two pages of the catalogue<br />
illustrated, it would seem to contain sufficient interesting<br />
information to make any reader want it—and especially<br />
the man who prides himself in being posted<br />
all around on every angle of his trade.. Naturally the<br />
company will be glad to send a copy of this book to<br />
anyone for the asking. Readers accordingly should<br />
have no hesitation in writing for a copy.<br />
Thus the man who receives the circular will get<br />
a viewpoint of the pipe cutting and threading tool<br />
business from the three angles—production, distribution<br />
and use.<br />
And what is true of this particular piece of trade<br />
literature is true of many others. It offers the man<br />
who wants to get ahead an opportunity to post himself<br />
more thoroughly on his business, and this is an opportuntiy<br />
that should not be overlooked by any man<br />
who is not satisfied with the degree of success he has<br />
attained in his business.<br />
STEAM FITTER October 8. 1920<br />
And if the plumber and steam fitter will profit by it, A New Edition of Hoffman's Handbook<br />
the manufacturer will also, for anything that helps<br />
his customer must help him.<br />
Announcement is made by the McGraw-Hill'Book<br />
Co. of a new edition of the handbook for heating and<br />
HE WHO SERVES BEST PROFITS MOST<br />
ventilating engineers by James D. Hoffman, professor<br />
of practical mechanics, director of laboratories of<br />
And this is the main idea back of a great deal of Purdue University and past president of the American<br />
the trade literature that is put out. The manufacturer Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers. The<br />
knows that the best way to increase his business is to book is 4>_ X 6 in. in size and contains 480 pages,<br />
help his customers and in that way he will profit some 200 illustrations and numerous reference tables.<br />
most. It is just another case of "He who serves It is divided into a number of chapters dealing<br />
best profits most."<br />
with heat and combustion, the computation of air<br />
Therefore instead of considering all trade literature service, humidity, measurement of air velocity and<br />
which the manufacturers send or offer to send on air used in combusion. Another chapter is devoted<br />
inquiry, as simply advertising literature, look upon it as to heat losses from buildings, temperatures to be con<br />
a source of help—a means of getting "new ideas which sidered, the heat given off by lights and persons and<br />
will help you in your buying—keep you right up to the the performance of guarantee of heating capacity.<br />
minute—and make you a better manager.<br />
The chapters devoted to furnace heating shows the<br />
A great deal of the trade literature that is put out method of calculating the proportions and of design<br />
is not only well worth having but well worth keeping ing a furnace heating system, and also of humidifying<br />
as a business library. Manufacturers are always air from furnaces. It gives a great deal of informa<br />
willing to send their trade literature for the asking tion about selecting and locating and setting the fur<br />
and the one who wants to get ahead and keep ahead naces, their use in connection with fans and a use<br />
will not neglect this free source of profitable in of warm-air radiator system. <strong>Steam</strong> and hot water<br />
formation.<br />
heating systems are classified according to various<br />
This circular of the Borden Co. to which reference<br />
types and the requirements of different kinds of build<br />
has been made in itself is a tribute to the printer's ings and institutions. They include mechanical vacu<br />
art. It has been compiled to serve two ends. First, um heating, indirect blower heating systems and then<br />
it aims to show the user of stocks and dies that it<br />
the various appliances and equipments used in the<br />
will pay him to use efficient tools as a means of cutting arrangements of the heating systems. Temperature<br />
his labor costs. It shows something of the company's<br />
control is figured to a satisfactory extent and then<br />
facilities for filling orders promptly for it gives a view<br />
there are chapters on electrical heating, refrigeration,<br />
of the company's factory with a picture of some "240<br />
and the book closes with something on planning and<br />
Busy Borden Beavers, the day shift on the job." It drawing up specifications with suggestions for school<br />
also explains that there is a night force too, all work<br />
work.<br />
ing night and a day keeping close upon the heels of Appendix No, 1 is devoted to general tables for<br />
unprecedented orders.<br />
heating and ventilating. Appendix No. 2 contains<br />
So much for the user. The circular appeals like<br />
tables to be used in refrigeration and ice production<br />
wise to the jobber in that it is intended to show him<br />
factories. Appendix No. 3 relates to the tests and<br />
that orders may be filled promptly. The circular also method of testing house heating boilers and also the<br />
shows him what the company is doing to promote<br />
details of vacuum piping system with illustrations.<br />
demand for its tools. It uses an illustration some 18 The newer edition is rearranged and much addi<br />
in. wide and 8 in. high, a part of which is shown in tional matter is presented. It is accompanied with a<br />
the accompanying illustration, to emphasize the fact<br />
suggestion for a course of instruction with questions<br />
that it is using 11 trade papers to reach 500,000 read<br />
for which answers can be found in the handbook.<br />
ers through its advertising in setting before them the Then there is a section giving references for general<br />
merits of its tools. Among them is this journal.<br />
reading in which the technical publications are referred<br />
This circular also reproduces some pages taken from<br />
to freely and in which <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, Pluniber and<br />
its catalogue No. 14, which from these illustrations, <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong> is found to give information under prac<br />
carry the idea that it must contain some interesting tically every head to which students are directed.<br />
information to the man who wants to know something<br />
not only about tool efficiency but also how the<br />
tools which he is using in his work are made.<br />
Duriron Bulletins<br />
The Duriron Co., Dayton, Ohio, with a New York<br />
< )ffice at 90 West street has for distribution a number<br />
of bulletins many of which are of particular interest<br />
to the plumbing industry as they describe Duriron<br />
and its uses. A postal card addressed to the<br />
manufacturers will bring any one or all of these<br />
bulletins.<br />
J. I. Lyle on Vacation<br />
J. I. Lyle, vice-president of the Carrier Engineering<br />
Corporation, an air conditioning concern at 39 Cortlandt<br />
street, New York City, is planning to take in<br />
the Grand Circuit races at Lexington Ky in company<br />
with H. W. Wendt of the Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co.<br />
This is a vacation which they are taking and the races<br />
come in incidentally but very fortunately for their<br />
entertainment.
October 8, 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER 437<br />
Information Exchange Readers' Problems<br />
Ask your fellow readers through these columns for their<br />
help on your problems—Help them in turn on theirs<br />
Valve Does Not Stop Heating<br />
From C. IV. W., Maine—I am sending you a rough<br />
sketch of a radiator on the second floor which, when<br />
the valve is turned off or on does not stop heating.<br />
This radiator is on a hot water system and contains 15<br />
sq. ft. of surface. It has 1-V4 in. risers and connections<br />
to it. The 1 risers are taken off mains in cellar<br />
about 10 ft. from, boiler and I have tried to show<br />
in the sketch that the branches come out of the mam<br />
i" _<br />
t-ii<br />
RADIATOR WHICH WILL NOT STOP HEATING<br />
mi a 45-deg. angle, go in over ledge of wall to a 45deg.,<br />
then go right straight up to ceiling with two<br />
elbows underneath the floor and then up to the valve<br />
and union elbow. I have taken the valve off and<br />
it looks just the same as any other hot water valve.<br />
The inside turns when the handle does and the arrow<br />
is on right so I know I had it shut off. But still the<br />
radiator kept nearly as hot as the other radiators<br />
on the system. Can you tell me the cause of this?<br />
Editor's Note—Thc trouble of "C. W. W." seems<br />
to be that the valve is on the return line instead of<br />
on the flow and that there is a return circulation of<br />
water from the radiator through the feed line. Or it<br />
may be possible that the hole in shield of hot water<br />
valve is so large as to admit of enough circulation<br />
through that point to allow the radiator being kept<br />
warm.<br />
Sink Waste Troubles<br />
From G. T., Pennsylvania—Can you help me out of<br />
the troubles I am experiencing with sink wastes? I<br />
am sending you a sketch which shows these sinks<br />
wastes. I have done nothing to them that 1 can see to<br />
am sending you a sketch which shows these sinks<br />
as shown in sketch, is on the first floov and the<br />
other, on the second floor of a dwelling hou .e. When<br />
I first went on the job, both traps were in the cellar<br />
and from there each sink waste ran through the wall<br />
and was connected into a tile drain on the outside.<br />
The tile drain runs about 40 ft. and ends in a cesspool<br />
covered up with a flagstone and about 18 in. of dirt.<br />
The traps were placed in the cellar to prevent their<br />
freezing. The one from the upstairs sink was leaking<br />
when I was called in to fix it. As the trap was so<br />
far away from the sink, it seemed to be better that it<br />
be put under the sink which would also make a more<br />
sanitary job. So I cut out the trap down in the cellar,<br />
put in a piece of lead pipe there and installed a new<br />
__<br />
CQ<br />
_ * _ _ , — •<br />
SINK<br />
SINK
438 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 8, 1920<br />
A New Journal on an Old Foundation<br />
In name only may PLUMBER AND STAM FITTER be<br />
termed a new journal. Indeed, the name is not altogether<br />
new, for it has been taken from part of the name<br />
of <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong> which this of a trade paper. Consequently PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
the new journal in part succeeds. And as a successor FITTER has justification for its promise of better service<br />
to that former worthy journal the new paper may not to its readers.<br />
with justice to itself be termed new, for it is to carry<br />
on the work where <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong><br />
<strong>Fitter</strong>, so long established, has left off and with greatly<br />
increased facilities and under conditions which are infinitely<br />
more advantageous to the publication of a paper<br />
for the plumbing and steam fitting trade. The basis<br />
for this statement i.s the fact that instead of endeavoring<br />
to serve another field, as did the former journal,<br />
this the new one will specialize in serving this one industry<br />
alone. These are the days of specialization and<br />
the advantage of the specialist in the shape of a trade<br />
paper is ju.st as great to the subscriber as that of a<br />
medical specialist to his patient. PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER feels absolutely justified in promising to subscribers<br />
a highly specialized and consequently improved<br />
editorial service.<br />
Origin of the New Journal<br />
As already announced to subscribers through the<br />
columns of <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>,<br />
and through special letters. October 1, was the date set<br />
for the separation of that publication into its two logical<br />
parts. It is now being carried on as two individual<br />
journals. All text and advertising matter pertaining<br />
to the sheet metal industry are now being taken care<br />
of through the bi-weekly publication, SHEET METAL<br />
WORKER. Similarly all items of interest to the plumbing,<br />
steam fitting and ventilating industries are being<br />
handled through PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER, which<br />
likewise is being published bi-weekly. This plan means<br />
that instead of the subscriber interested in plumbing<br />
and steam fitting getting a paper every week, with only<br />
half of its contents pertaining to his trade and with the<br />
other half foreign, so to speak, he will now receive a<br />
paper every other week with every page dealing with<br />
subjects of his own industry. Thus it will be seen that<br />
the plan contemplates that the subscriber in any one<br />
industry will get just as many pages of reading matter<br />
during the year all arranged together in one publication<br />
and thus save him the annoyance of culling it out<br />
from other articles foreign to his trade. Although this<br />
in itself is a desirable feature, the big advantage comes<br />
through the idea of a specialized paper. PLUMBER AND<br />
STEAM FITTER now has all its time, space and attention<br />
to devote to this one industry alone. It has no other<br />
trade to strrve, and thereifure should be able to render<br />
much better service than formerly, because it is an<br />
acknowledged fact that no man can serve two masters<br />
and serve them both equally well. The same is true<br />
A Word on Plans and Prospects<br />
The publisher of this journal feels that the only<br />
foundation of success is service in any business. This<br />
is particularly true in the business of making trade<br />
papers. A trade paper is published primarily for the<br />
reader. Its mission i.s to keep its readers posted on<br />
lhe most up-to-date, the most modern and the most<br />
progressive methods evolved and employed in all phases<br />
of the industry throughout the country. It is a news<br />
service that should keep its readers right up to the<br />
minute on all developments of the trade when those<br />
developments are of a helpful nature or warn them<br />
when the development chances to be a harmful one.<br />
From the foregoing, it is apparent that the very foundation<br />
or excuse for existance of any trade paper is the<br />
service it renders to its readers. PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER realizing this, is deterimned that its first thought<br />
will always be to procure for its readers the kind of<br />
articles which can be of the most help to them. Only<br />
articles and items of the greatest interest to the greatest<br />
number of its readers will be afforded space. Nothing<br />
will be used for "filling" purposes only, and outside of<br />
the editorial service, it wants its subscribers to look<br />
upon it as Free Information Bureau which will be not<br />
only willing but even anxious to help them on any<br />
problems they may encounter, be the difficulty some<br />
shop, office or job problem, or knowing where to purchase<br />
some special material, tool or supplies It wants<br />
every subscriber to feel that he is a part of a big family<br />
and a.s such is entitled to every consideration whenever<br />
he has a question to ask. The publisher has many plans<br />
for improvement to be worked out, as rapidly as they<br />
can be handled. The idea is to make the paper more<br />
and more practical for readers, and with this end in<br />
view it will always welcome suggestions from readers<br />
on ways and means of making the paper more interesting.<br />
In conclusion, it may be said that the publisher<br />
hopes for success only as it may be deserved on the<br />
class of service rendered. With such thoughts in the<br />
publisher's mind the trade may therefor accordingly be<br />
assured that no effort will be spared to make this new<br />
journal a great trade paper for the industry.
October 8. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Why Hang an Alias on the <strong>Plumber</strong><br />
Is there a man engaged in the plumbing industry<br />
daily going forward with the task of carefully installing<br />
plumbing equipment, trying to add to the<br />
comfort, convenience and health of his fellow man<br />
who will profit by or feel better if someone foisted on<br />
him a new title, whether it be a sanitarian, domestic<br />
engineer, or what not? Is it possible that anyone connected<br />
with the plumbing industry feels ashamed of<br />
that connection ? It seems absolutely impossible and<br />
unbelievable that any such opinion exists among any<br />
connected with the industry. Think of it! Who has<br />
for years installed and maintained the sanitary equipment<br />
of public buildings, of schools, of churches, of<br />
homes? Who has made practicable and possible cities<br />
of all sizes from 10,000 up? What industry is most<br />
responsible for the health of human beings? There<br />
is but one answer—plumbers and plumbing. It is but<br />
necessary to consider the big cities, the big skyscrapers,<br />
the large hotels void of plumbing to get an idea of<br />
plumbing, to glimpse the importance of the plunibing<br />
industry.<br />
There is no real reason why the plumber or plumbing<br />
industry should take off his or their hats to any<br />
other man or industry. <strong>Plumber</strong>s have for years resisted<br />
every attempt of general contractors and other<br />
interlopers to exploit them as tools for the selfish<br />
gain of such contractors or interlopers. A large part<br />
of the plumbing work requires great skill and patience.<br />
It is tedious and arduous to perform. <strong>Plumber</strong>s have<br />
gone forward, performing their work in a skillful and<br />
sanitary manner with due consideration for the health<br />
of the mankind. Absolute proof of this is evidenced<br />
by the health in highly congested districts. For their<br />
straight out and out policy of sticking up for their<br />
own rights and insisting that the work performed by<br />
the industry must be done in the most sanitary manner,<br />
they have been highly misrepresented. Pernicious<br />
statements have been constantly circulated about them.<br />
They have been maligned and made the subject of<br />
derision.<br />
seeds is no more mistaken than the man who opines<br />
that plumbers, as a class, are ignorant. In the first<br />
place plumbing requires more patience, time and mechanical<br />
ability to master than the other trades that<br />
are equally laborious. Therefore, the plumbing industry<br />
draws, as its recruits, men of more than average<br />
intelligence. The men who finish their apprenticeship<br />
and become first class mechanics are men of<br />
more than average energy who are willing to put up<br />
with the hardships and disagreeable work, which the<br />
trade often entails and having mastered the trade,<br />
must have the natural mechanical ability to become<br />
full fledged plumbers. While all plumbers may not<br />
be able to ride the prancing steed of rhetoric they<br />
have demonstrated beyond question their ability to<br />
think logically to practical conclusions as well as to<br />
think for themselves.<br />
Let the Complainant Exchange Positions<br />
i<br />
The complaint often voiced by the general contractor<br />
is that plumbers are hard to manage. There is<br />
also the complaint of the cost of plumbing and the<br />
cost of its maintenance, a good part of which is attri<br />
No Need for Kow-Towing to Other Industries buted to the lack of industry on the part of the<br />
plumber. Most of such complaints are practically unjustifiable.<br />
It is a safe wager that the most ardent<br />
condemner of the plumber would reverse his time were<br />
be to serve one whole week with the tools and be<br />
compelled to hold up his end of the work. True,<br />
there are loafers in the plumbing industry as well as<br />
in everv other industry. There are no more, if as<br />
many, in the plumbing industry than in other similar<br />
occupations. Many people think there are more,<br />
however, because plumbing is so little understood and<br />
so little known of the work which has to be performed.<br />
Therefore the public has taken for granted<br />
many things which were absolutely untrue, in some<br />
instances innocently, in others with an ulterior purpose.<br />
The result in both cases has been abuse heaped<br />
on the heads of those connected with the industry.<br />
No Need to Change the Name <strong>Plumber</strong><br />
There is no need for a change in the name plumber.<br />
That title is one which those connected with the in<br />
Patience and Ability Essential to the <strong>Plumber</strong> dustry may feel proud of. It represents progress, it<br />
means convenience, comfort and luxury for mankind.<br />
In spite of it all the one incontrovertible outstand A change of name will not make the public complain<br />
ing truth that sets at naught all the blasphemy heaped anv less at paying for the cost of sanitary conven<br />
upon the heads of plumbers is the fact that modern ience, comforts and luxuries, but a little enlighten<br />
plumbing to-day is as far or more advanced than the ment will. All that is necessary is for the plumber to<br />
output of any other industry or profession. Further, take the public into his confidence and explain to<br />
it is as essential as any other profession. Still fur them the difficulties which are to be met or which have<br />
ther, the progress of the plumbing industry was been met in performing their work. This simple ex-<br />
brought about by plumbers, not carpenters, dentists, idient will eliminate practically all criticism of the<br />
domestic engineers, sanitarians, or what not. There industry. A plumber should be proud to be called a<br />
is a reason for that progress. The city chap who goes plumber. His pride is justified by the results and<br />
to the country looking for farmers, rubes, and hay progress achieved by the industry.
440 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 8, 1920<br />
National Exposition of Chemical Industries John Simmons Co., 110 Center street, New York<br />
City, .not only called attention to the extensive line<br />
The Sixth National Exposition of the Chemical<br />
of equipment carried in stock for ready shipment but<br />
Industries in Grand Central Palace, New York City, also called attention to a special gravity scale for<br />
recently comprised exhibits by manufacturers utilized weighing materials used for industrial purposes, serv<br />
in the installation of equipment for chemical industries.<br />
The Taylor Instrument Co., Rochester, N. Y., exing<br />
practically as a meter.<br />
The Crane Co., 836 Michigan avenue, Chicago, 111.,<br />
hibited thermometers, draft gauges and similar instru exhibited a few of the infinite variety of things which<br />
ments, interesting alike to the steam heating and it makes in order to draw attention to the extensive<br />
plumbing contractor.<br />
line of equipment adapted to a plant for any pur<br />
Herman H. Sticht & Co., 15 Park Row, New York pose.<br />
City, also showed an infinite variety of thermometers The Whitlock Coil Pipe Co., Hartford, Conn.,<br />
and pressure indicators to be used where air is moving showed the various types of water heating coils for<br />
either for the draft in the chimney or a heating and heaters which it can furnish.<br />
ventilating system.<br />
The Sarco Co., Inc., Woolworth building, New<br />
The Precision Instrument Co., Newark, N. J., York City, presented to its visitors circulars of the<br />
showed a four-in-one draft gauge which would tell at Sarco trap, Sarco temperature control, Sarco strainers<br />
once whether the trouble was in the chimney, in the for steam, gas, water and oil, and the new Sarco<br />
heater or in the manner in which the fuel was being thermostatic radiator trap.<br />
handled on the grate, or whether the fuel bed was too One of the features of the display of the Plant<br />
thick.<br />
Engineering & Equipment Co., 11 John street, New<br />
The Foxboro Co., Inc., Foxboro, Mass., showed a York City, was the Trane pump to be used in con<br />
new combination automatic temperature controller and nection with the Trane system of heating for which<br />
recording thermometer, making two instruments in one, the specialties are made by the Trane Co., La Crosse,<br />
as well as its extensive line of instruments for various<br />
Wis.<br />
purposes which it makes.<br />
The Parks-Cramer Co., Old South building, Boston,<br />
The Brown Instrument Co., Philadelphia, Pa., also<br />
Mass., presented a pamphlet entitled "Fluid Heat<br />
showed draft gauges and temperature recording<br />
Transmission," showing among other things the Mer<br />
devices.<br />
rill processes for industrial heating, using oil circu<br />
Francis A. Murray, 101 Park avenue, New Yorklated<br />
through a pipe system so as to get a very high<br />
City, was in charge of the exhibit of the Powers<br />
temperature from the circulating medium without<br />
Regulator Co.<br />
much pressure on the outfit.<br />
The J. L. Mott Iron Works, 118 Fifth avenue.<br />
The rotary vacuum pumps for use in connection<br />
New York City, showed gas and oil burning furnaces<br />
for industrial purposes as well as for use under large<br />
with vacuum systems of heating made by the Beachheating<br />
and ventilating outfits.<br />
Russ Co., 220 Broadway, New York City, as well as<br />
L. 0. Koven & Brother, 154 Ogden avenue, Jersey<br />
the Beach-Russ air blast soldering furnaces and hand<br />
City, N. J., showed some tanks and a variety of the<br />
kerosene torches, were a feature of one exhibit.<br />
special constructions in heavy sheet metal which it is<br />
Maurice A. Knight, Akron, Ohio, showed an exten<br />
prepared to furnish to the trade.<br />
sive line of chemical stoneware including faucets, sinks<br />
The Oxygen Products Co., 2525 Liberty avenue.<br />
and similar goods which the plumber is frequently<br />
Pittsburgh. Pa., with New York office in the Hudson<br />
called upon to install in industrial plants or schools.<br />
Terminal building, showed an extensive variety of<br />
A. Y. Meeker, who is well known to the plumbing<br />
oxygen-hydrogen generating equipment and accessories<br />
trade from his frequent appearance at gatherings of<br />
for welding and similar purposes. The company<br />
contracting plumbers, was in charge of the exhibit<br />
makes outfits alike for regulating oxy-acetylene and<br />
made by the Alberene Stone Co., 223 East Twenty-<br />
oxy-hydrogen cutting torches, etc.<br />
third street, New York City. He was aided by F. R.<br />
In industrial drying there is a great variety of work.<br />
Nichols of the New Jersey territory, and W. K. Fields<br />
The Carrier Engineering Co., 39 Cortlandt street, New from Chicago. The company showed acid proof tanks<br />
York City, showed the Harison air heater which dries etc., made of Alberene Stone.<br />
material for industrial purposes sometimes under high<br />
The Eagle-Picher Lead Co., Cincinnati, divided its<br />
temperatures and high velocities, the Carrier air exhibit between three different lines of trade and for<br />
washer, humidifier and the Carrier ejector system the plumber different sizes of waste pipe and thick<br />
of drying and removing various materials in factory nesses of lead service pipe and the visitors were given<br />
plants.<br />
the recently issued booklet of Eagle-Picher Product's<br />
J. P. Devine Co., Buffalo, N. Y., showed a vacuum which contains valuable information.<br />
drying apparatus such as used in the sugar industry The Duriron Castings Co., Dayton, Ohio, gave par<br />
and for drying vegetables.<br />
ticulars on its line of soil pipe and fittings that may<br />
W. L. Fleisher & Co., Inc. 31 Union square, New be used in industrial plants and laboratories where so<br />
York City, exhibited two different types of drying lutions are run through them. It gave details of a<br />
apparatus, one a spray dryer, and called attention to test by Columbia University, New York City, which<br />
many industrial products which were facilitated in shows this iron to be equal in acid resisting qualities<br />
their nianufacture by the conditions provided by its to vitrified pipe. The company make sinks, ladles<br />
apparatus.<br />
and a variety of Duriron goods adapted to special pur<br />
The Gordon Dryer Corporation, 39 Cortlandt street, poses like pumps, large kettles, etc., where acids are<br />
New York City, showed dryers especially adapted for handled.<br />
industrial purposes.<br />
The National Filter Cloth & Weaving Co., 57 Hope<br />
C. A. Munroe, of the Chapman Valve Manufactur street, Brooklyn, N. Y., exhibited cotton filter cloth for<br />
ing Co., 180 Lafayette street, New York City, showed various purposes for use in filter processes of indus<br />
an immense bronze valve such as is used in the sugar trial and sanitary type.<br />
industries to show the resistance to acids. He also The Cast Iron Publicity Bureau, New York City,<br />
showed calves of all sizes for general use.<br />
distributed booklets of merchandise nature giving the
October 8, 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER 441<br />
industrial service of cast iron piping, showing by<br />
means of pictures the use to which it can be put. One<br />
pamphlet was specially devoted to the service rendered<br />
to the recovery of copper from mill tailings.<br />
W. G. Goddard, who is largely responsible for the<br />
extensive production of the Detroit light steel drums<br />
for carrying chemicals and other liquids and the bilge<br />
barrel made the Detroit Range Boiler & Steel Barrel<br />
Co., Detroit, Mich., was in charge of the company's<br />
exhibit showing examples of the goods and explaining<br />
to visitors every feature and answering all questions<br />
in reference to the usage they would withstand,<br />
their durability and similar questions.<br />
John F. Hale a Visitor at the Chemical<br />
Exposition<br />
John F. Hale, president of the Atmospheric Conditioning<br />
Corporation, handlers and installers of Webster<br />
air washers and other air conditioning equipment,<br />
Lafayette building, Philadelphia, Pa., was accompanied<br />
by H. A. Terrili on his visit to the Sixth<br />
National Exposition of the Chemical Industries, at<br />
Grand Central Palace, New York City recently.<br />
Toledo Power Drive<br />
Illustrated is the electrically operated mechanism for<br />
driving hand pipe threading and cutting tools, manufactured<br />
by the Toledo Pipe Threading Machine Co.,<br />
Toledo, Ohio. It is equipped with a 25-cycle A. C.<br />
single phase motor and mounted on wheels so as to be<br />
portable. It is claimed by the manufacturers that a<br />
12-in thread which would take 2 hours to cut by<br />
hand, is completed with this tool in 15 min. A<br />
TOLEDO ELECTRIC POWER DRIVE<br />
simple knob handle, the two-speed transmission and no<br />
change is required in threading or cutting tools if<br />
the Toledo equipment is used.<br />
Opening Meeting for New York Engineers<br />
President W. L. Fleisher of the New York Chapter<br />
of American Society of Heating and Ventilating<br />
Engineers is desirous of having every member interest<br />
himself in getting a large attendance of local<br />
professional men for the first meeting of the chapter<br />
for the season, which will be held on Monday evening<br />
October 18, at the Building Trades Club.<br />
A plan will be unfolded to make the chapter more<br />
useful to the members and to show the interesting<br />
things which are to be laid before them during the<br />
winter season. This of itself should be worth the<br />
evening, but there is also promise of some thoroughly<br />
capable and qualified men to speak on the subject of<br />
transforming war plants to a peace basis and there<br />
will be notable instances of what was done and where<br />
it was done, of interest to every engineer because in<br />
many instances the engineer was responsible for the<br />
advantageous changes made.<br />
A Sure Combination for Service<br />
The combination bench drilling stand with portable<br />
electrical hand drill, manufactured by the Cincinnati<br />
Electrical Tool Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, is made to be<br />
adjustable for portable hand drills of y, y% and >4-in.<br />
COMBINATION BENCH DRILLING STAND<br />
capacity, the drills being attached or detached as desirable.<br />
As will be seen from the illustration the drill<br />
bracket with drill can be set at any point on the<br />
column and raised or lowered as desired. The weight<br />
of drill and drill bracket is counterbalanced through<br />
the spring on the column. The drill is kept in vertical<br />
alignment by the means of a key on the bracket and<br />
keyway in the column. The depth of holes to be<br />
drilled is regulated by an adjustable stop at the<br />
head of column. The lever feed has quick return.<br />
This combination hand drill and bench drilling stand<br />
will be found particularly handy for shops where both<br />
bench drilling and outside drilling is to be done. It<br />
represents a very interesting article to the plumber and<br />
fitter as it will pay its own way and uncomplainingly<br />
perform every task for which it is designed. Full information<br />
as to price, horse power, etc., can be had<br />
by addressing the manufacturers at the above address.<br />
Removals and Plant Extension<br />
The United States Expansion Bolt Co., 25 Elm<br />
street, New York City, has removed to larger quarters<br />
at 139 Franklin street.<br />
The Iron City Pipe & Foundry Co., Birmingham,<br />
Ala., has plans under way for new units to cost in<br />
excess of $300,000, including machinery.<br />
The enterprise of the Kroschell Brothers Co., Chicago,<br />
III, is reflected in the purchase of a tract of<br />
land'300 X 600 ft. in size on the south side of
442 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 8, 1920<br />
Diversey avenue, west of the St. Paul tracks. Plans<br />
have been drawn for a machine shop, boiler shop and<br />
a two-story administration building all of the fireproof<br />
type. The Kroeschell Brothers Co. and the<br />
Kroeschell Brothers Ice Machine Co. are now at<br />
the northeast corner of Erie and Kingsbury streets<br />
and the new plant will be across from them. The<br />
two big establishments which will be erected at<br />
once now that building conditions have provided the<br />
necessary inducement. When this plant is completed<br />
and running full force, in addition to the standard<br />
line of goods made by the company, attention will be<br />
invited to them and the facilities for producing and<br />
delivering them promptly.<br />
A Niagara Falls of Business Information<br />
It Is to Be Poured Out by the T. E. B. to Those<br />
Who Want It Enough to Apply for It and Use It<br />
An interesting development of the National Trade<br />
Extension Bureau's work will be t'-e launching of<br />
the "National Campaign of Knowledge," which will<br />
be in additon to all the other activities of the Bureau<br />
that are reaching and assisting plumbing and<br />
heating contractors individually. This Bigger Business<br />
Course will be conducted by local <strong>org</strong>anizations<br />
of master plumbers and steam fitters throughout the<br />
country. In cities where no local association exists,<br />
arrangements will be made for the local contractors<br />
to attend tho meetings of t v e nearest association.<br />
Otherwise where there are three or more master<br />
plumbers engaged in business w l o can meet conveniently,<br />
this work will be carried out by newly<br />
formed <strong>org</strong>anizations for the necessary get-together<br />
meetings.<br />
So many contractors, who are scattered in business<br />
in small towns where there are no associations<br />
have expressed their desire to attend meetings in<br />
some city nearby that the Bureau has communicated<br />
with the secretary of all existing local associations<br />
to the end of having these secretaries extend invitations<br />
to all contractors in their respective localities.<br />
This plan has brought favorable response from all<br />
sides.<br />
During the past year, T. E. B., has mailed out<br />
four steps in Business Efficiency, covering "Fixed<br />
Charge," "Estimating of Plumbing," "Estimating<br />
Heating," and "Accounting." In each case, these are<br />
thorough treatises roverine the facts and practices<br />
which are so vitally important in conducting and<br />
managing a profitable, growing business.<br />
A REASONABLE CONDITION EXACTED<br />
In order that these essentials, as outlined in the<br />
Business Efficiency Course, might become a fixed<br />
part of every plumbing and heating contractors knowledge,<br />
T. E. B. has found it necessary to prepare a<br />
concise course of study covering this work. This is<br />
made up of a series of short, interesting and helpful<br />
lectures and lessons. This material will be placed at<br />
the disposal of any regular Local Association or,<br />
where no association exists, of any live master plumber<br />
who will take it upon himself to call his competitors<br />
together at regular intervals and hold the necessary<br />
meetings for the study of this work.<br />
The man who thus takes the lead in his own<br />
locality, will inevitably benefit most of all. He will<br />
get out of his study of the subject, a firmer grasp of<br />
the knowledge involved, than will be possible for any<br />
of his hearers. An honest effort to convey this<br />
knowledge to his fellows will fix it all in his mind<br />
so that he will be unlikely to f<strong>org</strong>et any of it. Moreover,<br />
he will gain greatly by helping his competitors<br />
find the means whereby they can free themselves from<br />
the bad conditions for all concerned.<br />
The merchant plumber, in many cases, has developed<br />
from a mechanic working for wages into a business<br />
man responsible for the entire management of his<br />
affairs. He has been so busy trying to save and get<br />
ahead, that he has been unable to inform himself<br />
properly regarding many essentials that he should<br />
know about. As a result, he is at a disadvantage ii<br />
the struggle that is before him. No matter how well<br />
he is equipped with the technical or mechanical knowledge<br />
of his trade, his knowledge and grasp of safe<br />
methods of buying, selling, planning, etc., is too limited<br />
for success. When fencing with experts, whose entire<br />
experience has been on the business side, he must<br />
necessarily suffer financially and otherwise, in the<br />
costly experience of playing the other fellow's game<br />
without the other fellow's knowledge of the rules.<br />
That is the reason other merchants outsell the plumbing<br />
and heating trade on its own ground and get<br />
the dollars that should flow into this industry.<br />
LOCATING THE MISSING KNOWLEDGE<br />
The only help open to such a man is for him to<br />
quickly find, somewhere, the missing knowledge. This<br />
knowledge must he in practical, workable form and<br />
framed in the language of the trade. "Highfalutin"<br />
talk won't do. What is needed must be supplied<br />
briefly in a package of words and terms that belong<br />
and are familiar to the plumbing and heating contractor.<br />
That is exactly what T. E. B. will provide in this<br />
"Campaign of Knowledge." It will deal only with<br />
facts and figures of the trade, which are related to<br />
things that actually exists in the methods and practices<br />
of successful plumbing and heating contractors. No<br />
man in the business can afford to neglect this opportunity<br />
to verify and check the soundness of his business<br />
methods.<br />
No concern is so big that they will not find something<br />
of value here. T. E. B. has been of service<br />
to a large number of long established concerns, in<br />
pointing out the way to make good business methods<br />
better. In some cases, involving large operators,<br />
T. E. B. has even pointed out wrong practices that<br />
would surely have sent the business "on the rocks."<br />
This was rather clearly shown by an article in the<br />
August number of T. E. B. Monthly Service Bulletin.<br />
No contractor can afford to shift the responsibility<br />
of being active in this movement. This is a timely<br />
opportunity for refreshing or increasing his knowledge<br />
of modern business methods. He owes this to himself<br />
and to the upbuilding of his profession. The<br />
only way of raising the standards of this or any<br />
other business is to raise the business standards of<br />
the men in it. No man can carry this industry<br />
"up the ladder" single handed. He must have the<br />
co-operation of his fellow draftsmen. To deserve and<br />
get this co-operation of his fellows he must himself<br />
co-operate. That means that no matter how big or<br />
how successful he is he must give of his knowledge<br />
and experience to his less fortunate brother craftsmen.<br />
SPREAD THE KNOWLEDGE BY GETTING TOGETHER<br />
The most logical way to do this is to have gettogether<br />
meetings and exchange ideas. Ideas and
October 8. 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
plans can be thus discussed and developed. Such discussions<br />
help one to steadily grow bigger until big<br />
enough to carry through big ideas. Competitors will<br />
learn and adopt constructive ideas with reference to<br />
business methods. Thereby, new and better methods<br />
will replace the destructive ideas and methods which<br />
have been and still are, working much injury to our<br />
industry. Such general and widespread effort, directed<br />
toward the goal of Bigger and Better Business, means<br />
that no obstacle can change our course. On the other<br />
hand, the plumber or steam fitter who is averse to<br />
spending time for study in the interest of his business,<br />
or fails to make mental excursions outside of his<br />
routine habits, will soon be left by the wayside in<br />
business.<br />
The lack of definite knowledge of business management:<br />
of systemized estimating: of reliable accounting:<br />
of economical financing and productive selling, has<br />
been the direct cause of failure for many contractors.<br />
This lack of knowledge is largely responsible for<br />
unfair competition and all similar evils that work<br />
such serious damage to the business. It is directly<br />
responsible for the public's absolute misunderstanding<br />
of the services and charges of tiie plumbing and heating<br />
contractor.<br />
This information speading campaign will point out<br />
the most improved modern business methods and will<br />
point out to the Master <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
the method of combating and putting a stop to th<br />
wasteful efforts that he has participated in during<br />
the past.<br />
By addressing a letter to Department "D"—Desk 4<br />
of the National Trade Extension Bureau, 407 Marcantile<br />
Bank building, any live plumbing and heating<br />
contractor, where there is no local association, who<br />
will bind himself to conduct these educational meetings<br />
in his locality, can be placed on the mailing list<br />
to receive this material when it is mailed out.<br />
All Cream—No Skim Milk in^Central<br />
Brass Catalogue<br />
The Central Brass Manufacturing Co., Cleveland,<br />
Ohio, has for distribution the second edition of its J.<br />
Catalog, which it has just received from the printers.<br />
In this catalog the same figure numbers have been<br />
preserved as in the first edition, so that those who<br />
have been furnished with the first edition will not<br />
need a copy of the second. The new edition has all<br />
goods listed in units of one instead of the dozen.<br />
This, it is believed, will be a convenience to the<br />
plumber and assist him in getting a proper margin<br />
of profit in his bills, as the prices listed are for unit<br />
consumer price, making a catalog that is all cream to<br />
the plumber.<br />
The manufacture of low compression sink bibbs and<br />
basin cocks or bath cocks by the Central Brass Manufacturing<br />
Co. has been discontinued as the company<br />
is limiting itself to Quick-Pression work, of which<br />
it is the originator and patentee. Therefore it is<br />
furnishing quick pression work with tee or other compression<br />
type of handle where the customers want the<br />
goods to have the exterior appearance of compression<br />
work.<br />
Due to the volume of business the manufacture of<br />
water works goods by this concern has been temporarily<br />
abandoned, the capacity of the plant being required<br />
in the manufacture of quick-pression work. It is the<br />
intent of the firm to resume the manufacture of water<br />
works goods at the earliest possible date.<br />
A Solid Bronze Valve and Seat<br />
The Goulds Universal valve and seat, made by the<br />
Goulds Manufacturing Co., Seneca Falls, N. Y., is<br />
designed for inside cylinder attachment. It will be<br />
noted by the illustration the valve cage and seat are<br />
cast in one piece and are of solid bronze. The poppet<br />
valve is leather faced insuring a perfect seat. If it is<br />
GOULD'S UNIVERSAL VALVE AND SEAT<br />
necessary to take the cylinder apart, this can be easily<br />
done with no danger of breaking the valve or seat,<br />
and the poppets are removable by simply taking out<br />
one of the cotter pins and sliding out the bar. The<br />
construction of this valve would warrant its use on<br />
high class jobs.<br />
f<br />
The Facts of Pipe Making<br />
The Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co., Youngstown,<br />
Ohio, is issuing a booklet entitled "Youngstown Quality<br />
Pipe." This book is extremely interesting and<br />
gives a very comprehensive explanation and illustration<br />
of the manufacture of pipe. The illustrations consist<br />
of iron ore mines, ore car dumpers, blast furnaces,<br />
A, B, C, & D, section of blast furnace plant from ore<br />
yards, blast furnace casting, mixer buildings, pouring<br />
molten pig iron, Bessemer converters, open hearth<br />
furnaces, stripping ingots, soaking pits, blooming mill,<br />
buttweld tube mill furnace, cooling bed, method of<br />
drawing skelp through die for butt weld process, lap<br />
welded pipes coming through welding rolls, sizing rolls,<br />
cold straightening tap weld pipe, threading and testing<br />
pipe by hydrostatic pressure, making couplings,<br />
threading and testing pipe, making couplings, threading<br />
and vecessing couplings, and pipe loaded for shipment.<br />
It also gives a bundling table showing the number of<br />
pieces and approximate number of feet per bundle<br />
and weight for the various size pipes.<br />
The booklet should be in the possession of every<br />
plumber and steam fitter throughout the United States<br />
and Canada. It contains information valuable to every<br />
plumber and steam fitter in that it will make them<br />
better acquainted with the method of making pipe<br />
and give them a better understanding of its use.<br />
Further than that plumbers and steam fitters should<br />
be in possession of this information as it will enable<br />
them to talk intelligently to their customers about how<br />
pipe manufactured thus giving them an added prestige<br />
in the eyes of their prospective customer. Many<br />
times this information can be used to divert the pros-
444 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 8. 1920<br />
pect's mind from simply the matter of price to the<br />
plans of the quality of material and service which is<br />
to be furnished, in that way eliminating the competitors.<br />
A postal card addressed to the Youngstown<br />
Sheet & Tube Co. will bring a copy of this booklet.<br />
Western Golfers Play at Milwaukee<br />
One of the most successful tournaments of the<br />
Western Trade Golf Association during the present<br />
season was held Tuesday, September 21, at the Blue<br />
Mound Country Club, Milwaukee, Wis. A meeting of<br />
the Illinois-Wisconsin jobbers of plumbing supplies<br />
which was scheduled for the following day no doubt<br />
brought out many players.<br />
Captain E. W. Sanborn chartered a special car on<br />
the North Shore Electric line for the 45 members who<br />
~W. Wickersham (winner) .<br />
A. L. Miller<br />
Guy Gregg<br />
H. Shaw<br />
C. P. Herbert (winnner).<br />
R. L. Ottke<br />
J. F. Carroll<br />
A. F. Johnson<br />
L. E- Wallace (winner).<br />
E. W. Sanborn<br />
Paul Blatchford<br />
L- Bruce Fulton<br />
R. C. Flinder (winner).<br />
F. S. Kaulback<br />
H. E. Whitney<br />
E. Buehler<br />
H. O'Callaghan (winner).<br />
T. P. Wade<br />
Glen Ullrich<br />
A. L- Leavens<br />
H. W. Evans (winner) .<br />
B. A. Schutz<br />
R. Wuerst<br />
H. A. Cross<br />
J. E. Sharp (winner).<br />
T. P. Dugger<br />
F. S. Crumley<br />
F. B<strong>org</strong>ergrain<br />
O. J. Deschauer (winner).<br />
H. P. Mason<br />
E. A. Leister<br />
Geo. J. Halligan<br />
W. G. Sine (winnner) .<br />
W. J. Siltane<br />
C. E. Barrows<br />
M. Weil<br />
H. N. Booth (winner).<br />
Wm. M. Thompson....<br />
P. Munn<br />
R. E. Murphy<br />
R. A. Sharp (winner).<br />
E. C. Garrity<br />
B. Weil<br />
W. E. McCullom<br />
F. P. Keeney (winner) .<br />
T. Hanlev<br />
H. E- Harper<br />
A. Boettcher<br />
Wm. Devine, Jr. (winner) .<br />
A. L. Miller<br />
D. C. Macharc;<br />
L- O. Schroeder<br />
A. S. Lindeblad (winner) .<br />
W. Noble<br />
PLAYERS AND THEIR SCORES<br />
Gross<br />
94<br />
84<br />
82<br />
96<br />
85<br />
92<br />
92<br />
94<br />
95<br />
102<br />
99<br />
105<br />
94<br />
100<br />
99<br />
97<br />
96<br />
98<br />
97<br />
109<br />
101<br />
110<br />
114<br />
116<br />
95<br />
98<br />
103<br />
131<br />
83<br />
119<br />
140<br />
113<br />
114<br />
114<br />
130<br />
114<br />
139<br />
123<br />
140<br />
101<br />
140<br />
124<br />
124<br />
119<br />
109<br />
123<br />
116<br />
110<br />
.0<br />
91<br />
126<br />
\°2<br />
98<br />
H'd'c'p<br />
13<br />
0<br />
8<br />
10<br />
14<br />
12<br />
16<br />
18<br />
18<br />
19<br />
17<br />
24<br />
21<br />
20<br />
20<br />
18<br />
18<br />
14<br />
18<br />
30<br />
27<br />
25<br />
25<br />
30<br />
24<br />
24<br />
25<br />
25<br />
30<br />
14<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
0<br />
15<br />
30<br />
30<br />
30<br />
Net<br />
81<br />
84<br />
74<br />
86<br />
71<br />
80<br />
76<br />
76<br />
77<br />
83<br />
82<br />
81<br />
73<br />
80<br />
79<br />
79<br />
78<br />
84<br />
79<br />
79<br />
74<br />
85<br />
89<br />
86<br />
71<br />
74<br />
78<br />
101<br />
69<br />
89<br />
110<br />
83<br />
84<br />
84<br />
100<br />
84<br />
109<br />
93<br />
110<br />
71<br />
110<br />
94<br />
94<br />
made the trip, leaving Chicago at 8 o'clock a. m.<br />
Upon their arrival in Milwaukee two hours later, J.<br />
E. Sharp, the host of the day, met them and they<br />
were taken to the Country Club.<br />
The afternoon was occupied with the usual qualifving<br />
round of 9 holes. A. L. Miller who shot a 39<br />
turned in the low card but other good ones were made<br />
by W. Wickersham, Tom Wade and Hugh Whitnev<br />
89<br />
79<br />
93<br />
86<br />
SO<br />
80<br />
76<br />
96<br />
92<br />
68<br />
each with a 44. H. P. Mason and Henry O'Callaghan<br />
with a 45 and C. P. Herbert and H. Shaw with a 47<br />
were among the leaders.<br />
Following the help-yourself lunch the flights for<br />
the afternoon 18-hole play were made up according to<br />
the scores made in the Qualifying Round. Chief interest,<br />
as usual, centered in the contest for the association<br />
cup and the various flight and season prizes,<br />
the latter being donated by <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and<br />
<strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>, Domestic Engineering and <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Trade Journal.<br />
H. P. Mason with a gross of 83 and a handicap<br />
of 14 won the association trophy. His nearest competitor<br />
was C. P. Herbert with a net of 71.<br />
The silver medal fob, the guest prize, went to<br />
Walter Noble, who shot a 68 net for the 18 holes.<br />
The Duffer's Cup also brought out competition.<br />
Joseph Weil, the previous winner, did not show up<br />
with the trophy. G. J. Halligan, Robert E. Murphy<br />
and E. C. Garrity all tied for the cup and the tee will<br />
be played off at the next meet.<br />
After a very enjoyable day, the members and<br />
guests participated in a very excellent dinner at the<br />
Club House after which Vice-president Wickersham<br />
awarded the various trophies to the winners.<br />
L. Bruce Fulton and Hugh Whitney led the singing.<br />
A rising vote of thanks was given the host, J. E.<br />
Sharp and to the Blue Mound Country Club for the<br />
splendid hospitality enjoyed.<br />
The next meet will be held at Rockford, Ilk, on<br />
October 12, where the association will be the guests of<br />
Frank D. Keller.<br />
New members elected are: E. A. Lister, Western<br />
Pipe & Supply Co.; B. A. Schultz, Central Foundry<br />
Co.; H. B. Kellar and Art Sharp, Milwaukee Boiler<br />
Co.<br />
The final tournament of the association will be held<br />
the latter part of October on the links of the Calumet<br />
Country Club.<br />
O-E Perfect Ball Check Water Seal Elbow<br />
The O-E patent elbow, manufactured by the O-E<br />
Specialty Mfg. Co, 886 Third Street, Milwaukee,<br />
Wis, for use in connection with the Perfect system<br />
of steam heating, as will be seen by the sectional<br />
view illustrated, is equipped with a small brass ball<br />
operating on a smooth guide or track. It is so<br />
arranged that when vacuum takes place in the radiator,<br />
the ball will immediately roll against the port and<br />
O-E PATENT ELBOW<br />
prevent water being drawn into the radiator from the<br />
return pipe.<br />
It will also be noted that the diaphragm, cast as an<br />
ntegral part of the elbow, forms a water seal to prevent<br />
the passing of vapor into return line. An air vent<br />
is tapped into the adjustable screw top of the return
October 8. 1920<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
elbow which allows the air to escape freely into the<br />
return system when the supply valve is open and<br />
•equalizes the pressure on both sides of the water easl<br />
thus preventing the water from passing out. This<br />
union elbow is more comprehensively explained in a<br />
circular or bulletin issued by the O-E Specialty Mfg.<br />
Co, copy of which can be had upon request.<br />
A New V-K Pumping Unit<br />
The new V-K pumping unit fitting with silent chain<br />
drive instead of belt is manufactured by the Vaile-<br />
Kimes Co, Dayton, Ohio. For years the automobile<br />
manufacturers have been using the silent chain drive<br />
V. K. PUMPING UNIT WITH SILENT CHAIN DRIVE<br />
on high class automobile construction with great success.<br />
This type of drive reduces the noise and affords<br />
to a large extent the excess use of power due to<br />
chain running on sprockets.<br />
In adapting this form of drive to the pumping unit<br />
the Vaile-Kimes people have made a very much improved<br />
pumping unit as it will require less power to<br />
drive, make less noise and all the belt troubles due<br />
to moisture getting into belts and causing them to<br />
stretch and slip will be avoided by this type or drive.<br />
Full information relative to this pumping unit can be<br />
had by applying to fhe company.<br />
Chicago <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s to the Fore<br />
Just another indication of the progressive spirit<br />
which is constantly urging the plumbing and heating<br />
industries to push forward in the advance of civilization<br />
is illustrated by the educational work being<br />
started by the Chicago <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Protective Association.<br />
On October 1 Ge<strong>org</strong>e M. Getschow, chairman<br />
of the board of directors of the National Associat<br />
; on, and President Donahue of the <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s'<br />
Protective Association, addressed 135 apprentices on<br />
their duties and responsibilities. The citv board of<br />
education has offered to cooperate in furthering this<br />
constructive education by furnishing facilities for giving<br />
young men similarly employed instruction in var-<br />
: r>us subjects. This offer met with hearty response,<br />
all present indicating their intention of taking the<br />
course.<br />
445<br />
Employers will let the apprentices take one-half day<br />
ott each week with pay and the effort will have the<br />
support of both contractors and fitters. More of this<br />
work could be done with great benefit to all concerned.<br />
Newark <strong>Plumber</strong>s Educational Night<br />
The fifth Thursday night in every month in which it<br />
occurs is recognized in the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
of Newark, N. J, as educational night for which<br />
a special committee prepares instructive entertainment<br />
tor the members. On Thursday night, September 30,<br />
William J. Flynn, past president of the New York State<br />
Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s and president of the<br />
Greater New York Association, was on the card to<br />
speak on the anti-siphon trap tests conducted by the<br />
New York City Association, Manhattan branch, but<br />
bad weather prevented his attendance. Frank K. Chew<br />
had come down to gather the instructive information<br />
that might be dispensed and was thrust into the breach.<br />
The meeting was opened by President Matthew J.<br />
Brady, who stated the purpose and then turned the<br />
meeting over to Charles Kolb, the chairman of the educational<br />
meeting committee. Mr. Kolb stated that it<br />
was the purpose of the association to provide for the<br />
membership during the year some highly instructive<br />
addresses from capable men and in Mr. Flynn's absence<br />
introduced Frank K. Chew as one of its old friends.<br />
Mr. Chew said he intended to take advantage of the<br />
association's good will to speak first about the history<br />
of plumbing papers in the industry and explained that<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>, the oldest<br />
one in the industry, established in January, 1874, had<br />
recently been purchased by Edwin A. Scott, publisher<br />
of Sheet <strong>Metal</strong> and that with a young man full of enter<br />
prise as the leader in the new <strong>org</strong>anization, <strong>Metal</strong><br />
<strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong> and Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
would be merged and separated. The merger would<br />
mean the sheet metal working end of the old paper and<br />
the younger paper would make SHEET METAL WORKER,<br />
which would appear first on October 1, and then alternately<br />
with PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER, a new paper,<br />
which would start on October 8. He promised the<br />
hearers that the new PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER,<br />
with H. A. Call as its editor, would contain better information<br />
about the plumbing and heating industry than<br />
had been heretofore possible, particularly in the recent<br />
past. ,<br />
Mr. Chew then spoke of the loyalty of the plumbers<br />
to the people of the country in their enterprising drive<br />
for protective plumbing laws and regulations to protect<br />
health. He said he felt sure if Mr. Flynn had been<br />
present he would have explained in detail the tests made<br />
in New York City, demonstrating that the trap of the<br />
re-sealing tvpe could never take the place of the trap<br />
which had its seal prntected by vent piping.<br />
He spoke of his return trip from the Kansas City<br />
convention of the National association with James Muir,<br />
who told bim of his experience with the development of<br />
the trap vent from T _-in. pipe until it had reached the<br />
present day sizes, pointing out that while there had been<br />
excellent plumbing regulations developed in different<br />
cities, thev all sprang from the Xew York City plumbing<br />
regulations perfected under James C. Baylis when he<br />
was editor of METAL WORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER and chairman of the Department of Health of<br />
New York City. He explained the necessity of loyalty<br />
and support for the New York City associatinn which<br />
was on the skirmish line to protect the whole iilumbing
446 P L U M B E R A N D S T E A M F I T T E R October 8, 1920<br />
industry from the change urged by men who wished<br />
to save a few dollars on their building construction,<br />
rather than the men who desired to protect the health<br />
of the people at all hazards.<br />
Mr. Chew was asked many questions by interested<br />
hearers and received the statement from F. J. Sturn<br />
that he had been a reader of <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong><br />
and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong> and a subscriber since 1876. Past<br />
President Louis Maier said that when Sheet <strong>Metal</strong><br />
started, he had become a subscriber to it and had read<br />
both papers, deriving great benefit.<br />
On Mr. Maier's motion a rising vote of thanks was<br />
given to Mr. Chew for his address and for the success<br />
of the new enterprise in the charge of two old friends.<br />
A Packless Quick Opening Valve<br />
The packless graduate valve, manufactured by the<br />
Bishop & Babcock Co, Cleveland, Ohio, is designed<br />
to be used on the supply ends of radiators and may<br />
be connected either at the top or bottom inlet. The<br />
graduated dial on the valve shows the portion of the<br />
radiator which is heated, a quarter turn completely<br />
opening or closing the valve.<br />
The valve is made packless by the seat above the<br />
valve stem which is held tightly in place by an extra<br />
large, heavy spring. The valve is equipped with a<br />
composition seat on which the valve turns. It is<br />
COMPOSITION SEAT which<br />
makes the Vacu-Graduate<br />
Valve packless.<br />
BRONZE VALVE STEM<br />
easily removable.<br />
OUTLET of sleam<br />
to radiator or<br />
coil.<br />
PORTS in valve through<br />
which steam passes to outlcl.<br />
INLEXfor steam. •<br />
A PACKLESS QUICK OPENING VALVE<br />
A QUARTER TURN of<br />
this lever-handle fully<br />
opens or closes the valve.<br />
HEAVY PHOSPHOR<br />
therefore self-cleaning, the steam entering radiator<br />
through ports in valve as shown.<br />
The valves are made in sizes J/_ to l 1 / in. inclusive<br />
and can be furnished in angle right or left hand corner<br />
or straightway pattern. r/urther information can be<br />
had by addressing the company at the above address.<br />
The Vaco Air Valve<br />
The Vaco air valve shown in the accompanying<br />
illustration is made by the Beaton & Caldwell Manufacturing<br />
Co, New Britain, Conn. As will be seen by<br />
the sectional view of air check at top of valve, it consists<br />
of a ball which automatically seals the orifice<br />
through which air is forced from the radiator, thus<br />
preventing the air returning into radiator through air<br />
valves. These valves are designed to be used with<br />
either the one or two-pipe system of steam heating,<br />
making it possible to maintain a partial vacuum<br />
throughout the system. Therefore, in using them all<br />
THE VACO AIR VALVE, PATENTED MAY 18, 1920<br />
joints where air might escape into the system should<br />
be carefully packed and made air tight, and the valve<br />
should be used on every radiator and on mains in the<br />
cellar if there are valves on the mains.<br />
The Vaco air check can be had for use in connection<br />
with other types of air valves, as it will be noted,<br />
BRONZE SPRING— that this section of the valve is separate from the<br />
always maintains tight valve proper and these checks can be had to screw<br />
seating of valve. Qn the other vaives at tfe same p o j n t Further in-<br />
BRONZE VALVE—con. formation as to sizes, etc, can be had by addressing<br />
trols amount of steam ti:e manufacturer at the above address.<br />
adnulted by partially or<br />
fully opening ports in seat.<br />
COMPOSITION SEAT on<br />
which vaive tum_ it.is Chicago Master <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s in Session<br />
self-cleaning,and unaffected<br />
b * sleam " On September 28 the regular meeting of the Chicago<br />
Master <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Association was held at the<br />
Hotel Sherman. The meeting was gotten under way<br />
with Vice-President Fred Black presiding in the ab<br />
sence of President Harry Hart, by all present enjoying<br />
a good dinner. One hundred and one members<br />
were on hand for the occasion which all voted a<br />
huge success.<br />
Sink Waste Troubles<br />
(Continued from Page 437 )<br />
water poured in upstairs sink, the bubbles do not<br />
come through the lower sink and why, if it was<br />
stopped up, the water does not back up through the<br />
lower sink. But it does not. All that happens is<br />
that, when water is poured in upstairs sink, a drizzling<br />
sound is heard as the last water goes through the<br />
trap, but this sound is not heard downstairs Can<br />
you tell me what is wrong with this sink? It has got<br />
my goat.
October 8. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 447<br />
'" •'"• 'I 1 ' 1 '"" • '•' -''• '" • •IIIIIIHUIIIIIIIHII IIIIIII IIIIIIIIJ IIIIII IIIIIIII! mm , : ,<br />
THE MARKET I<br />
mi<br />
New York Comments<br />
STEAM GOODS<br />
The depletion of manufacturers' stocks of boilers<br />
and radiation due to war conditions is still affecting<br />
shipments. Most manufacturers report fairly prompt<br />
shipments for small size boilers. Stocks of the larger<br />
sizes are more limited, therefore shipments are somewhat<br />
delayed. One or two firms report favorable shipments<br />
on radiation. Most of them, however, are taking<br />
orders for shipment in from three to six weeks.<br />
Orders, particularly where they are such as to make<br />
foundry shipments necessary, should be placed promptly.<br />
There is a slight easing up of the demand for boilers<br />
and radiators. However, prices are firm, the advanced<br />
freight rates stimulating this tone. Apparently the<br />
peak has been reached and the general decline of prices<br />
in other fields hold out some hope for price decrease in<br />
the heating field although there is little tangible evidence<br />
of any cut in the immediate future. However, these<br />
reductions will be gradual rather than sharp.<br />
Stocks of pipe in eastern markets are severely depleted;<br />
manufacturers' shipments have shown a little<br />
improvement. However, large shipments of pipe to<br />
the western and southwestern oil fields indicate that<br />
no great relief will be had from this condition for some<br />
little time.<br />
PLUMBING GOODS<br />
A slight improvement is shown by the manufacturers'<br />
shipments of enameled ware and vitreous ware. Several<br />
jobbers report receipt of carload shipments with others<br />
on the way. However, the demand for this material<br />
plus the filling of back orders keeps it moving out of<br />
the jobbers' warehouses practically as fast as it is<br />
received, thus preventing the eastern jobbers from<br />
stocking up on these goods. The demand for plumbers'<br />
brass goods still exceeds the supply with many items<br />
extremely hard to get.<br />
No great change of prices for plumbing goods can<br />
be prophesied for the near future. Generally the demand<br />
is still greater than the supply and until this is<br />
evened up or reversed, present prices will hold.<br />
Chicago Comments<br />
Just how far the reduction of prices in some lines<br />
will affect plumbing and heating materials, is not as yet<br />
apparent. At present prices in the Chicago market are<br />
generally well maintained.<br />
The general situation is one of exceptional quiet.<br />
There is a lack of buying as little new work is being<br />
done, contractors waiting to see what happens, and just<br />
purchasing sufficient material to carry on operations<br />
from day to day.<br />
Stocks of wrought pipe are practically non-existent<br />
in Chicago, though producers have plenty piled up at<br />
mills, but still find difficulty in getting it moved. Some<br />
items of enameled iron ware are scarce and double drain<br />
board enameled sinks are impossible to get. Brass<br />
goods and fittings are in fair supply, with some few<br />
sizes short. Makers of brass goods generally are maintaining<br />
present prices. Soil pipe and fittings are fairly<br />
plentiful, and jobbers are able to secure reasonably<br />
prompt shipments from mills. Makers' prices generally<br />
have not advanced since January 1.<br />
In the heating field a slight advance was made about<br />
the last week in September for boilers and radiators by<br />
several manufacturers, and an increased freight allowance<br />
was announced. A well known maker of smokeless<br />
type soft coal plate boilers maintains prices of<br />
January 1, while a maker of a well known downdraft<br />
construction sectional, cast iron, bases prices as of<br />
April 1, and no indications of advances.<br />
Chicago business is reported as very slow, while a<br />
good demand comes from outside. Deliveries of boilers<br />
are better than for radiators. Manufacturers have a<br />
good volume of orders on their books and daily are becoming<br />
better able to increase their volume of production,<br />
so that the future outlook is more encouraging.<br />
Pig Iron—There was not as easy a feeling apparent<br />
as in semi-finished and finished steel during the week,<br />
though there was little interest in buying either for<br />
prompt shipment or for next year. The consumers'<br />
attitude of waiting to see what will happen indicates<br />
his anticipation at the moment for further price reductions.<br />
Coke is coming through to this section in good<br />
tonnages and the price stands at $16 a ton with contracts<br />
being made for future delivery at $12. Prices<br />
are quoted elsewhere in this issue.<br />
Copper—The market is still quiet and some shading<br />
of prices has been noted, though large sellers continue<br />
to hold metal for November and December deliveries at<br />
19 cents. A great reduction in operations in many<br />
foundries has forced deliveries to be carried over<br />
of metal contracted for early in the year.<br />
Tin—The market is spotty and there is considerable<br />
range in prices for various deliveries. There is little<br />
demand and prices in Chicago are now 47y cents for<br />
pig and 49>_ cents for bar tin.<br />
Pead—There has been a further concession made by<br />
the leading interest and now is even with the outside<br />
markets quotations. Importations are in larger volume<br />
and some importers are shading quotations. In the<br />
local market American pig is now 8.55 cents and bar<br />
lead 9.05 cents.<br />
Zinc—The situation continues dull and very quiet.<br />
The price of slab zinc in Chicago is lower now at 8 1 .<br />
cents a pound-<br />
Solder—The various grades of solder are unchanged,<br />
warranted 50-50 being 31>_ cents, 45-55, 29>_ cents;<br />
and plumbers, 27 1 Pig Iron<br />
Foundry Pig Iron—The prices in the different centers<br />
show dullness, . cents and a in tendency 100-lb. towards lots. lower range.<br />
New York<br />
E Pa. No. 1 * 55 - 52 to * 57 - 52<br />
BPa.No.2X 553.77 to $55.77<br />
E pa No 2 $ 52 - 52 t0 554.52<br />
Buffalo 554.46<br />
Virginia No. 2 $56.16
448 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 8. 1920<br />
Chicago<br />
Northern No. 1 $48.25<br />
Northern No. 2 $46.00<br />
Southern No. 1 $50.92 to $51.87<br />
Southern No. 2 $49.92 to $50.37<br />
Southern F dry $48.67<br />
Philadelphia<br />
E. Pa. No. 2 $52.26 to $52.54<br />
E. Pa. No. 2X $53.51 to $53.79<br />
Virginia No. 2 $55.74<br />
Virginia No. 2X $56.99<br />
Cleveland<br />
Northern No. 2 $47.56 to $48.56<br />
Southern F dry $49.92<br />
Ohio Silvery $63.36<br />
Cincinnati<br />
Southern Coke $46.50<br />
Southern Coke No. 2 $47.74<br />
Ohio Silvery $62.50<br />
South Ohio No. 2 $48.50<br />
Old Materials<br />
NEW YORK<br />
Scrap Iron—Sluggishness on the part of buyers is<br />
noted in all centers, with a marked tendency toward<br />
lower levels and the past week has been the greatest<br />
drop in prices noted in some time. Some large orders<br />
placed in some centers have not checked the downward<br />
trend.<br />
Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are<br />
quoting to local foundries, per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery east $39.00 to $40.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building materials,<br />
etc.), cupola size 38.00 to 39.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size 28.00 to 29.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc) 28.00 to 29.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. diam., not under<br />
2 ft. long) 18.00 to 19.00<br />
Stove plate 24.50 to 25.50<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York—Prices generally are a little<br />
lower and business is quiet. Dealers' buying prices are<br />
as follows:<br />
Cents per lb.<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible 15.00<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 14.00<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 12.50<br />
Brass, heavy 9.00<br />
Brass, light 6.75<br />
Heavy machine composition 14.50<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 8.75<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turnings 12.00<br />
Lead, heavy 7.00<br />
Lead, tea 4.50<br />
Zinc 5.25<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago—Prices at which leading buyers<br />
are taking old metals are as follows:<br />
Copper, heavy 14 to 14,_<br />
Copper, light \2y to 12->_<br />
Red brass 14 to 14 1 /;<br />
Heavy yellow brass 9^4 to 10<br />
Brass, light 8j4 to 8 1 /.<br />
Brass borings \2% to 12^_<br />
Lead, heavy 6j/_ to 6j4<br />
Tea lead 43A4 to 5<br />
Solder joints 9 to 9^4<br />
Block tin pipe 31 to 33<br />
Mixed babbitt 7 to 7^_<br />
Zinc 5 to S J A<br />
Old Rubher—The market is a dull affair with no indication<br />
of a trend. Prices are unchanged. Wholesale<br />
dealers buying quotations are:<br />
Boots and shoes 5 % to 6<br />
Trimmed Arctics 4 % to 4 %<br />
Auto tires 2 to 2 Yt<br />
Bicycle tires 1 to 1 %<br />
Solid tires 2 to 2 %<br />
No. 1 inner tubes • • 10 to 11<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4 %<br />
Mixed red scrap 3 % to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap 1 % to 2<br />
Cotton flre hose % to 1 %<br />
Garden hose % to 1<br />
Old Rags—The demand continues moderate with<br />
some firmness to the market. Wholesale dealers' prices<br />
are:<br />
No. 1 whites $12.00 to $12.50<br />
No. 2 whites 5.50 to 6.00<br />
Thirds and blues 3.25 to 3.50<br />
Straight garments 2.00 to 2.10<br />
Hard back carpets 1.75 to 1.85<br />
Soft back carpets 4.25 to 4.50<br />
Paper Stock—The movement continues good and<br />
prices are steady. Wholesale dealers' buying qualities<br />
for New York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $3.15 to $3.25<br />
Crumpled news 2.15 to 2.25<br />
Notes on Prices, New York<br />
Linseed Oil—The market is irregular and the demand<br />
quiet with a cut in price and a weak tendency. In lots<br />
of 5 bbls. and over city raw American seed is quoted<br />
at $1.17 and out of town raw American seed is quoted<br />
at $1.17. In less than 5 bbl. lots 3c more per gallon is<br />
asked. Boiled oil brings 2c more than raw.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Stocks are low for the time<br />
though the output has been larger. Yet the market is<br />
weak and a 4c cut puts the wholesale price in machine<br />
barrels in yard at $1.40 per gallon.<br />
Rosin—Weakness in the market is noted with buyers<br />
waiting further cut in price. On the basis of 280 lbs.<br />
to the barrel the wholesale price of common-to-good<br />
strained is $13.25. Grade D is $13.74.<br />
Special Meeting of Heating Engineers<br />
A special meeting of the American Society of Heating<br />
and Ventilating Engineers will be held on Monday,.<br />
October 18, in conjunction with the opening meeting<br />
of the New York Chapter for the purpose of considering<br />
and voting on the proposed increase in dues<br />
for members of the Society. This meeting is of vital<br />
importance at the present time and it is imperative<br />
that all members attend who can arrange to do so.<br />
The business session of the annual meeting of the<br />
Society will be held on Tuesday, January 25, in New<br />
York City as usual. At the close of the business session<br />
the meeting will be adjourned to Philadelphia<br />
for the transaction of all other matters to be<br />
brought before the session. The Eastern Pennsylvania<br />
Chapter, the largest chapter of the Society, having<br />
130 members, will act as host and the members are<br />
now enthusiastically preparing to extend to all members<br />
attending a most cordial and hearty welcome.<br />
They are also arranging a program of entertainment<br />
that will make the meeting at Philadelphia one long to<br />
be remembered. This inovation in holding the meeting
October 8. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 449<br />
of the Society promises a healthy reaction and can<br />
but result in a general benefit to the industry.<br />
Death of Philip Brady<br />
Few men had endeared themselves to their fellows<br />
more firmly than Philip Brady whose funeral on September<br />
24 brought many members of the Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association of New York to attend the<br />
services. Mr. Brady was a veteran of the Civil War<br />
and his devotion to the flag made him the bearer of<br />
the colors at the convention of the National Association<br />
for many years when he served New York City<br />
as a delegate. Mr. Brady served the Manhattan<br />
Branch in many official capacities and his counsel was<br />
sought in all important matters. For many years he<br />
conducted a plumbing business at 863 Sixth avenue<br />
but a few years ago he retired and was succeeded by<br />
his son, Hugh J. Brady. Two daughters and one<br />
son survive him.<br />
A Booklet on Fan Heating and Ventilating<br />
Work<br />
"Standard Pipe Coal Heaters" is the title of a booklet<br />
issued by the Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co., Buffalo, N. Y.,<br />
containing 70 pages, which has been prepared with<br />
a view making it useful to architects and engineers<br />
in figuring the requirements for fan heating and<br />
ventilating work and to meet all the conditions usually<br />
met so that the user can read the values direct. Then<br />
there are curves giving the values for steam pressure,<br />
air velocities and there have been entered the tables<br />
of the Vento cast iron low pressure heaters.<br />
The text starts off with the conditions or requirements<br />
that must be met by heaters connected with<br />
fan systems. These are enumerated and then there<br />
are illustrations given of the different types of pipe<br />
coil heaters, followed by methods of calculating<br />
heater requirements and tables giving the maximum<br />
velocity under different conditions, friction, and then<br />
comes the sizes and dimensions of the heaters and<br />
the casing. Interspersed between the text are diagrams<br />
and illustrations of the goods themselves and<br />
of installations under various conditions. The remainder<br />
of the book is devoted to heaters, tables and<br />
curves under different steam pressures and different<br />
velocities so that there is little that cannot be told from<br />
a consultation with this commendable work.<br />
A Water Heater for Stock Tanks<br />
The Hudson Manufacturing Co., Deerfield, Wis.,<br />
has solved for the farmer the problem of taking the<br />
chill off the drinking water for cattle during the<br />
winter season by the immersion of the Nelson stock<br />
tank in the watering trough used for the cattle and<br />
other stock. The Nelson water heater is made of<br />
steel plates and castings and arranged to be submerged<br />
in the watering trough or in a tank containing<br />
liquid of any character for industrial or other purposes.<br />
There is an opening through which fuel may<br />
be supplied and from the other end of the submerged<br />
tank there is a smoke pipe to carry away products<br />
of combustion.<br />
THESE FIGURES SPELL<br />
SATISFACTION<br />
300,000<br />
Vogel Frost - Proof<br />
Closets Now in Use<br />
Get VOGEbS from<br />
The wide-awake plumber finds an<br />
unlimited field for Vogel Frost-Proof<br />
Closets.<br />
There is a lot of "Vogel" Frost-<br />
Proof business in your locality. Look<br />
in the garages, shops, isolated and<br />
unheated places—plenty of work for<br />
you to do and each "Vogel" installation<br />
means a handsome profit.<br />
Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when you write.<br />
They are easy to sell,<br />
simple and inexpensive to<br />
install and reliable in<br />
service. Cannot freeze.<br />
No water in tank or any<br />
part of closet when not in<br />
operation.<br />
your jobber<br />
Wilmington Delaware<br />
Uses Less Soap<br />
Needs Less Attentio<br />
The time employes waste in caring for individ<br />
ual soap fixtures is saved under this system, and<br />
liquid soap is more economical than having bar<br />
soap for every basin.<br />
Watrous Liquid<br />
(Gravity)<br />
Soap System<br />
One central, easy-to-fill container serves any<br />
number of wash stands. A simple valve delivers<br />
the soap without waste or drip.<br />
As you can install a Watrous System without<br />
disturbing the existing plumbing, old buildings<br />
as well as new ones are customers for you.<br />
Every sale brings a contract for installation.<br />
Write for our free illustrated catalog and<br />
information.<br />
The Imperial Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
1223 W. Harrison St., Chicago, III.<br />
Watrous sanitary plumbing equipment includes Watrous<br />
Duojet Closets, Urinals, Self-closing Cocks, Drinking<br />
Fountains and Up-to-date Specialties.
450 P L U M B E R A N D S T E A M F I T T E R October 8. 1920<br />
The Barometers of American Business<br />
Week Ending October 1, 1920<br />
(Copyright by THE STREET, Inc.)<br />
LW—Last Week (Shown by the Barometers) PW—Previous Week Y—Corresponding Week Last Year 1919—1919 Weekly average, taken as normal<br />
PW<br />
/?/?<br />
LY<br />
LY-<br />
PW.<br />
LY<br />
LY-<br />
PW-<br />
PW.<br />
II I<br />
PW<br />
PW.<br />
____<br />
LY-<br />
PW<br />
/f/f<br />
LY<br />
1 1<br />
BUSINESS BUILDING FOOD TIME BANK DEMAND BANK STOCK SALES BOND<br />
FAILURES CONTRACTS PRICES MONEY LOANS DEPOSITS CLEARINGS (N. Y. Stock SALES<br />
(Dun's) (F. W. Dodge Co.) (Annalist) (90 days (N. Y. Clearing(N. Y. ClearmgfN. Y. Clearing Exchange) (N. Y. Stock<br />
(Number) (In Millions) (Index No.) Mixed) House) House) House) (Thousands of Exchange)<br />
LW<br />
PW<br />
LY<br />
1919<br />
171<br />
188<br />
89<br />
124<br />
$711<br />
46t<br />
76%<br />
49<br />
266*<br />
268J<br />
283J<br />
296<br />
8%<br />
8%<br />
6%<br />
6"_%<br />
(In Millions)<br />
$5,393t<br />
5,190t<br />
5.322J<br />
5,012<br />
(In Millions)<br />
$4,143t<br />
4,078}:<br />
4,157t<br />
4,051<br />
(In Millions)<br />
$4,495t<br />
4,530$<br />
4,556*<br />
4,506<br />
Shares)<br />
4,713t<br />
4,387t<br />
7,120t<br />
6,017<br />
(In Thousands)<br />
$101,52St<br />
84,122t<br />
68,872t<br />
72,523<br />
t Week ended Friday. t One week earlier than other barometers.<br />
The decline in prices continues unabated and is the<br />
chief feature in the summary of the week's business<br />
and financial situation, says The Street of Oct. 4. This<br />
is reflected in the index of food prices by a decline<br />
of two points, but all the declines announced have<br />
not as yet reached the consumer. Business failures<br />
are high but less than the previous week, while the<br />
number of building contracts let shows a marvelous<br />
jump. This is partly due to the New York housing<br />
laws recently enacted.<br />
Call money remains the same at 7 per cent, while<br />
time money at times seems easier, with 7y per cent<br />
quoted for some grades. Bank loans have expanded<br />
and so have deposits, but the former has increased<br />
at about three times the rate of the latter. Clearings<br />
were slightly less and stock sales slightly greater. The<br />
bond market shows a big boom, with an increase of<br />
over $17,000,000 in sales over the previous week.<br />
Commodities were badly hit as far as prices were<br />
concerned. Spot cotton was down 3y cents per<br />
pound; wheat declined 17 cents per bushel, while corn<br />
was 5 cents per bushel less for December delivery.<br />
Raw sugar was iy cents per pound less than the previous<br />
week and refined sugar iy cents less. Coffee<br />
alone of the agricultural commodities remained almost<br />
stationary.<br />
There were no important developments in the fuel<br />
markets. Producers complain of further car shortages<br />
and there were no pressing demands by buyers. Little<br />
activity prevailed in the iron and steel market and<br />
prices are sbowing a decided tendency to lower figures.<br />
Similar conditions prevailed in the copper, lead and<br />
zinc markets. It is probable that this state of affairs<br />
is merely temporary and due largely to the results of<br />
the calling of loans by bankers.<br />
The foreign exchange market was nervous and<br />
irregular throughout the week. Sterling was lower,<br />
but German marks and Austrian kronen were firmer.<br />
There were no important changes in Dutch and<br />
Scandinavian rates. The opinion of traders indicates<br />
that, under the influence of improved sterling rates,<br />
the exchange market in the near future will advance<br />
to a higher plane.<br />
Six ViewsJJsed Effectively in Advertising<br />
A mail card is being used by William S. Roe,<br />
dealer in heating, factory heating and plumbing supplies<br />
and giving the name as "The House of Service,"<br />
15-31 River street, Newark N. J. Mr. Roe uses on<br />
one side of the card six views showing the establishment,<br />
the shipping room, the shipping department,<br />
the pipe shop, the factory department and the<br />
plumbing goods department. The text states that the<br />
frontage is 210 X 150 ft, in size, giving ample room<br />
to not only store the merchandise, but also to get<br />
out the various articles required in a shipment so<br />
as to be sure of having it all together before attempt<br />
is made to send to the transportation company. With<br />
its storage capacity for all kinds of plumbing and<br />
heating goods, its pipe stock and fittings and its pipe<br />
threading power machines and delivery trucks Mr.<br />
Roe states that he is well equipped to do business in<br />
the right way. The card is well calculated to make<br />
a favorable impression upon those who wish to deal<br />
with a house which has the facilities to handle orders<br />
promptly and correctly.
PLUMBER and<br />
STEAM FITTER<br />
Vol. XCIV, No. 15 OCTOBER 22, 1920 $2.00 a Year<br />
THE PATH THAT LEADS<br />
TO MONEY (N THE BANK<br />
Make Your Banker Your Business Anchor—If in Borrowing Money from<br />
Ycur Bank You Feel You are Asking a Favor, then You Cannot Present<br />
Your Claim for Credit Properly—If Your Banker Does Not Know the<br />
Real You and the Real Facts That Determine the Value of Your Business<br />
[as Security, You Cannot Get the Credit to Wliich You Are Entitled<br />
Your bank is the greatest assest of your business,<br />
provided vou have understood and developed its possibilities.<br />
The establishment of permanent and sound<br />
credit with your banker is<br />
very simple, in fact, much<br />
easier than a slipshod practice<br />
of banking.<br />
That you know the total<br />
amount of resources which<br />
can be commanded in running<br />
your business, is as essentia!<br />
to you as the anchor<br />
is to the ship at sea. The<br />
reason is the same in either<br />
case. The ship carries an<br />
anchor for safety and convenience<br />
in any event. For<br />
the same reason should the<br />
business man have a knowledge<br />
of his resources.<br />
The bank is an institution<br />
resulting directly from the<br />
demand of business for a<br />
convenient method of transacting<br />
the financial portion of<br />
the business. It is one of<br />
the adjuncts to and a part<br />
complete facts are not available in order to play safe,<br />
they leave a wide margin on their side to guard against<br />
losses through error of judgment on their part.<br />
Therefore, if you are to<br />
take advantage of the wide<br />
margin of safety, you must<br />
be prepared to give your<br />
banker the facts. No sane<br />
man will invest money in<br />
your enterprise unless he<br />
knows the facts about that<br />
enterprise and what chance<br />
it has of making good.<br />
Neither will the bank do it.<br />
Your banker wants, and<br />
should have, from time to<br />
time statements of your<br />
business, showing the bills<br />
which you owe, when they<br />
are due, when they were<br />
incurred, notes, bonds guarantees<br />
and all other obligations<br />
for which you stand<br />
liable, also the money due<br />
vou, who owes it to you, a'l<br />
"about disputed bills, stock<br />
on hand, real estate, personal<br />
OT bu'lnesT Varindu^ BACK UTYOUR FINANCE STATEMENT WITH FULL property and all of the<br />
yourbsiness whether you EXPLANATIONS TO YOUR BANKER. GET ACQUAINTED other sources from which<br />
use it o its full extent 7 or WITH HIM. YOU WILL EIND HIM A GOOD FELLOW, you can derive money<br />
not The extent to which YOU WILL GET FROM HIM LOTS OF USEFUL That IS what your banker<br />
Tis _2f depends upon the INFORM wgjta ^ J ^<br />
&by\?_tils_Sn _nd the amount the banker termine the real value of that part of your bus<br />
knows aboS that man and his business. then he will turn his attention to you personally. Fig-<br />
Sod banks are extremely well <strong>org</strong>anized institutions ures mean nothing to the banker unless he is tho.ough-<br />
and do not conduct business in _ haphazard way. lv satisfied that the statement has been ably and hon-<br />
Thev and inSst base upon their dealings havin| them. on facts. Otherwise Thev want when facts the estly husiness. compiled. their knowledge He wants to of know the business the personnel and previous of the
452 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 22, 1920<br />
record so that he can accurately judge of their ability<br />
to manage, finance and conserve the assets of that<br />
business.<br />
now YOUR BUSINESS WILL BE JUDGED<br />
Many questions enter the banker's mind. He must<br />
satisfy himself that vour statement contains sufficient<br />
quick assets, that is, things from which, if under<br />
pressure, vou could get enough funds to pay off all<br />
bills against you. He must also know how quickly<br />
money could be realized from these assets. Those are<br />
the things on which the banker will judge you and<br />
your business and determine the extent of the credit<br />
to extend to you.<br />
When you have furnished the banker with this information,<br />
you have a perfect right to know from him<br />
what amount he has set as limit vou can borrow from<br />
his bank. Not only are you entitled to know this, but<br />
it is necessarv that you do know it in order that you<br />
may go forward with your \arious enterprises in full<br />
confidence and with a previous plan of action for<br />
carrying them to completion. This knowledge also<br />
forewarns you of what to expect in your business dealings<br />
with the bank and offers an opportunity of making<br />
provision, far in advance, for your needs.<br />
If you take your banker into vour confidence and<br />
make him a partner to the enterprise, the troubles and<br />
worries consequent to haphazard banking will be eliminated<br />
and the time spent in figuring how vou are going<br />
to meet this or that bill will be avoided as you will<br />
have settled that question before the bills were incurred.<br />
DON'T ALLOW YOUR CREDIT TO DECLINE<br />
There is one thing further that is first importance<br />
in all your banking transactions. Credit is not stationary.<br />
It ?oes up or down in proportion to vour<br />
success or failure and the amount of regard vou show<br />
in attending to vour obligations. Therefore, one of<br />
the necessary and important things in banking business<br />
is to promptly attend all of vour obligations at the<br />
bank, to settle your accounts with the firms from which<br />
you purchase material, when due, or better still, to<br />
discount the bills. That does two things; it more<br />
firmly establishes your credit at the bank and with<br />
the manufacturer or jobber from whom vou are buying.<br />
It also places you in the class of responsible and<br />
desirable customers for whose business there is keen<br />
competition among the manufacturer and jobbers. It<br />
entitles you to the lowest market prices, which are,<br />
many times, much less than those asked and required<br />
of vour less business like competitors.<br />
Your more close association with vour hanker will<br />
give you a wider outlook on business and keep vou<br />
in closer touch with the trend of the market affording<br />
you many opportunities of saving through advance<br />
purchases. In fact, it holds forth so manv advantages<br />
as to be one of the most important branches of business<br />
and should be thoroughly developed.<br />
Kansas City Chapter New Officers<br />
The first meeting of the Kansas Citv Chapter of the<br />
American Societv of Heating and Ventilating Engineers<br />
w.s held Friday, October 1, in the Savoy Flotel,<br />
Kansas Citv, Mo.<br />
The meeting was devoted to an interesting paper on<br />
Fuel Efficiencv, presented bv H. C. Balsiger of the<br />
Kansas Citv Prudenized Coal Co.<br />
As it was the annual meeting the following officers<br />
were selected for the 1920-1921 Chapter year: President,<br />
John H. Kitchen, John H. Kitchen & Co., engineers;<br />
vice-president, Finn iW. Mills, Security Stove<br />
Co.; secretary, Ge<strong>org</strong>e P. Dickson, B. F. Sturtevant<br />
Co.; treasurer, R. Ward Hillman, U. S. Radiator Corp.<br />
Board of Governors: F. A. Sheppard, Johnson Service<br />
Co.; B. Natkin, Natkin Eng. Co., and R. M. Stackhouse,<br />
American Radiator Co.<br />
The following committees were appointed:<br />
Membership—Martin Hauser, Chairman, General<br />
Heating Supply Co.; Herbert E. Barth, American<br />
Blower"Co.; L. A. Stephenson, Powers Regulator Co.;<br />
Benjamin F. Cook, Gillham Eng. Co., and W. W.<br />
Howe, Ideal Heating Co.<br />
Publicity—lohn Pease, Chairman, Kewanee Boiler<br />
Co.; F. A. Sheppard, Johnson Service Co.; Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
P. Dickson, secretary.<br />
The policy of inviting outside speakers of prominence<br />
will be continued. Various topics for the monthly<br />
meetings are to be considered by the Board of Governors,<br />
also the appointment of the committees to be in<br />
charge of monthly meetings to be held the first Friday<br />
of each month, and the topics they are to handle.<br />
The membership of the Kansas City Chapter has been<br />
increased to 45, bv the election of the following members<br />
: Sydney Pines, Kansas City, Mo.; Everett Kirker<br />
Campbell, Kansas City, Mo.; W. R. Threelfall, Wichita,<br />
Kan.; Ge<strong>org</strong>e Edward Foley, Kansas City. Mo., and<br />
Alvin Dudfield. Liberty, Mo.<br />
Dangers in Cutting Up Gas Cylinders<br />
Because of the danger to scrap dealers who cut up<br />
compressed gas cylinders, the Compressed Gas Manufacturers'<br />
Association, New York, has requested the<br />
National Association of Waste Material Dealers to<br />
warn its members and suggest that they sell any cylinders<br />
coming to them back to the Compressed Gas<br />
Manufacturers' Association.<br />
They call attention to an accident in Pittsburgh<br />
in Tuly, when workmen were sawing through an ammonia<br />
tank. As soon as the teeth penetrated the<br />
metal the tank was blown to bits and eight workmen<br />
were injured. The gas manufacturers' association also<br />
emphasizes that these tanks are always the propertof<br />
the company which first owns them, the name being<br />
stamped upon them, and that they cannot be legally<br />
sold.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e B. Limbert Dead<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Brown "Limbert, founder and president of<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e B. Limbert & Co., 570 Fulton street, Chicago,<br />
111., and for 20 years a leading figure in the iron industry,<br />
died on October 17, at his home, 6212 Ingleside<br />
avenue.<br />
Mr. Limbert was born in Ripon, Wis., in 1862 and<br />
came to Chicago in 1886, founding the firm bearing<br />
his name in 1879. He was a member of the executive<br />
committee of the National Iron Pipe and Supply<br />
Association and was active in Masonic circles.<br />
Pie is survived by a son and a daughter. Funeral<br />
services were held in Woodlawn Masonic Temple under<br />
the auspices of the Woodlawn Park Lodge A. F.<br />
and A. M. No. 841 and interment was at Oakwoods.
October 22. 1920<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Prevention "Two Pounds to the G<br />
There are Thousands of Homes Where Solvent Could and Should<br />
be Used, and Where All of It Should and Could be Sold by the<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>-The <strong>Plumber</strong> Has Only to Explain Its Need to the Customer<br />
In the old days when we were kids, the black iron<br />
kitchen sink was a fairly respectable piece of equipment.<br />
The sink and the woodwork about it were kept<br />
well scrubbed, and about once a month a piece of<br />
lump potash, about the size of an egg, was put in the<br />
sink. This potash gradually entered solution with the<br />
water that was poured into the sink and the inaccessible<br />
parts of sink and waste pipe were cleaned and<br />
thoroughly sterilized by the solvent action of the<br />
potash, as the lump lasted for two or three days.<br />
The amount of scrubbing of the present may or<br />
an ?.<br />
MECHANICAL APPLIANCE USELESS HERE<br />
The Brown-Wales Price Guide<br />
By referring to the illustration, it will readily be seen<br />
how impossible it is to get at this filth by mechanical Buyers of plumbing, steam and water goods and<br />
means, and the extended area on which it can collect, sheet metals in New England who keep the price<br />
also the need of removing it. Were the exact condi guide issued by Brown-Wales Co., Boston, Mass., can<br />
tions known in thousands of homes, the housewives make comparisons and see the changes that have<br />
would insist that plumbers afford an immediate remedy. occurred in the extensive line of goods handled by<br />
They would not think of permitting such conditions the company. They will find the price list a great<br />
to exist right in the midst of all the food being pre convenience inasmuch as it is arranged to take one<br />
pared in the kitchen. That is the vital spot of the discount from all plumbing goods from cover to<br />
home; the spot that is the beginning of all sanitary cover and an exhaustive line is listed, illustrated<br />
equipment in the home; the one spot of all in which and many are briefly described. The catalogue also<br />
the housewife expends the most energy and care to prices steam and hot water house heating boilers and<br />
keep perfectly clean and sanitary.<br />
it gives the prices of the various lines of sheet metal<br />
Therefore so far she is compelled to put up with standard lines and manufactured products.<br />
453<br />
this defect in structure, hut once knowing the defect,<br />
she is going to utilize the best means of eliminating all<br />
odor or danger of sickness from that point. She is<br />
going to make and keep that spot as clean and sanitary<br />
as it is possible to make it through using the best<br />
agent the market affords.<br />
The old maxim that "An ounce of prevention is<br />
•worth a pound of cure,' will have its way. It is the<br />
inherent principle on which thousands of homes are<br />
<strong>org</strong>anized, and one of the essential features of that<br />
prevention is the removal of dirt and filth. If you<br />
doubt that, you have but to think back to those happy<br />
Sunday mornings when mother got out the wash basin,<br />
put in a little soap and warm water, got up a good<br />
lather, and then went, what felt like two miles up into<br />
your ear, with the wash cloth after dirt, while vou had<br />
your face all puckered up with pain and disgust. That<br />
is proof of the pudding; dirt isn't tolerated in .thousands<br />
of American homes.<br />
CHEMICAL SOLVENT HERE TO STAY<br />
A MOST INSANITARY SPOT IN THE MIDST OF GOOD THINGS<br />
Potash is of the past, but the chemical solvent,<br />
its intensive solvent properties, is here to stay and<br />
can be used with equally good, if not better results.<br />
If a solution of the solvent is poured into the sink,<br />
at the intervals of once a month or oftener, this decayed<br />
matter will be attacked by the solution and<br />
carried down the pipe leaving the'.sink pipe clean and<br />
sanitary and at the same time danger of stoppage lower<br />
TO EAT<br />
down the pipe eliminated. In other words Solvent<br />
used in this way prevents odors, disease from this<br />
may not be equivalent of that of years gone by, but source, and danger of stoppages in the sewer line, at<br />
the potash has gone by the boards with the march of one and the same operation.<br />
time and no substitute has taken its place.<br />
This is legitimate husiness for the plumber and the<br />
That this is a fact can be verified by any interested profits therefrom should go into his pocket rather than<br />
party, simply by removing the trap and strainer from in the pocket of some outsider who through more<br />
the present day kitchen sink, particularly if it is of the initiative has Solvent on his shelves, but lacks the<br />
cast iron variety. Decaying vegetable matter and grease knowledge necessary to push its sale.<br />
will be found under the strainer in the outlet of sink And the profits will go into the pocket of the<br />
and down the side trap to water line. This condi plumber who accepts the opportunities which are altion<br />
is not the fault of the housewife as it is impossible ways within his grasp. If you are to get prestige and<br />
for her to get at these places to clean them. However, a reasonable profit for your effort, the merchandising<br />
if is the source of disagreeable odor, if not a menace<br />
to the health of the occupant.<br />
end of your business must be developed.
454 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 22. 1920<br />
Modern Plumbing Work in the Skyscraper<br />
These Further Problems Met in Designing and Installing Plumbing<br />
in the Modern Skyscraper Are Interesting in That They Show That<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s and Plumbing Have Kept Pace with other Industries.<br />
Hot water is produced by three 700 gal. storage type<br />
generators, supplied with cold water from house tanks<br />
on roof and fitted with U type tube heating surface of<br />
no less capacity than 3000 gal. of water per hour from<br />
50 deg. to not less than 180 deg. with steam at atmospheric.<br />
Each generator is supplied with thermostatic<br />
control and provided with safety valve.<br />
As fixtures are supplied with hot water some 500 ft.<br />
distant from generators, it is evident that there must be<br />
a circulation maintained in hot water mains and risers<br />
so that hot water can be had promptly at these fixtures.<br />
This circulation is maintained by gravity plus the assistance<br />
of an electrically driven centrifugal pump, hav-<br />
_P<br />
£______<br />
! Y4Y 1 m . z'<br />
,______-<br />
|1__-J[<br />
SECTION OP RISER DIAGRAM SHOWING FIRE STAND PIPES,<br />
HOUSE TANKS AND CONSTRUCTIONS, AND TYPICAL LEADER<br />
CONSTRUCTION<br />
ing a capacity of 150 gal. per minute. By having a circulation<br />
in the hot water mains and risers, all regulating<br />
valves are precluded in those lines. Therefore, the<br />
generators are constructed extra heavy and sufficiently<br />
strong to withstand a working pressure of 250 lb. per<br />
square inch.<br />
The expansion of the pipe forming the cold water<br />
line, drainage stacks and branches, vent lines and<br />
branches is considered as nil, as the temperature varia<br />
tion i.s not great and the expansion taking place in the<br />
structure of building equalizes the expansion of pipe.<br />
The expansion of hot water lines when in horizontal<br />
position is taken care of by means of four fitting loops<br />
placed at frequent intervals, with loop lengths of 8 to<br />
10 ft. The expansion of hot water risers is taken care<br />
of by the use of five fitting swing loops spaced about<br />
65 ft. apart, allowing of three movable joints to each<br />
loop. Thc lines are securely anchored at intermediate<br />
points.<br />
All water lines are tested for four consecutive<br />
hours at a hydrostatic pressure of 250 lb. per square<br />
inch at the basin. All leaks are repaired by replacing<br />
any of the defective pipe and fittings.<br />
The basement and sub-basement fixtures<br />
are supplied with direct city pressure and<br />
cross -onnected through regulating valves<br />
to ro: f tank. The waste from these fixtures<br />
is discharged into two "Shone" twocylinder<br />
type sewage ejectors of 350 gal.<br />
capacity which elevates it to city sewer.<br />
The valves used in connection with this<br />
installation are Jenkins Brothers or equal,<br />
full weight gate valves being used on \y2<br />
in. and all larger size pipes. Globe or<br />
angle globe valves are used on \y in. and<br />
smaller size pipes except on hot water<br />
lines and branches where all are gate<br />
valves. All iron body valves are of Fairbanks<br />
manufacture. This includes the<br />
valves used on the gas system.<br />
The fixtures used through the building<br />
are manufactured and supplied by the<br />
Trenton Potteries Co., the closets being<br />
the T. P. plate 2872-N Welling siphon jet<br />
closets, equipped with iy in. Sloan flush<br />
valves with Benedict nickel handles. The<br />
lavatories are T. P. Victory type, 24 in.,<br />
fitted with Benedict nickel faucets. Slop<br />
sinks are T. P. plate 3528-N. Showers,<br />
kitchenette sinks and trays are also of<br />
Trenton Potteries manufacture.<br />
The section of floor plan shown illus<br />
4' LowLmlWnt<br />
trates the typical layout of plumbing on<br />
all floors from the sixth to the fifteenth<br />
inclusive. The other floors vary somewhat<br />
from this layout.<br />
The complete installation requiring 468<br />
closets, 205 urinals, 904 lavatories, 2 bath<br />
tubs, 4 laundry trays, 3 kitchenette sinks, 80 slop<br />
sinks and 5 showers. The lavatories throughout are<br />
supported by anchors built into partition to which<br />
hangers for basins are bolted.<br />
All machinery, such as pumps, compressors and<br />
motors, receive three coats of best quality white lead<br />
and oil paint and one coat of varnish. All o-alvanized<br />
and black pipe and fittings uncovered receive two coats<br />
of lead and oil. All exposed pipes, fittings and valves<br />
which have non-conducting covering will also have<br />
coverings painted with two good coats of lead and oil<br />
tinted as desired. The cast iron pipe is painted one<br />
coat of black asphaltum.
October 22, 1920<br />
Hot water piping throughout the building is covered<br />
with 1-in. standard thickness air cell covering. Where<br />
pipe is exposed to freezing temperature, the covering<br />
will be hair felt, three layers, 1 in. thinck each, covered<br />
Waive w/rh<br />
From House Pumps fritting Pipe iong Stem if Capped Roof<br />
.-' . ./ Thru Roof \^ : Q(/Het"<br />
t<br />
tl<br />
A'<br />
ti<br />
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ti<br />
_<br />
____<br />
4 Quick Opening<br />
Oates to Dram<br />
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3<br />
-3_<br />
P L U M B E R A N D STEAM FITTER<br />
ateWiw?<br />
d'tateWves 4'MaiTWt<br />
SegkdOpen of Tanks<br />
tl<br />
3<br />
H_<br />
-. ><br />
6 Check<br />
Valve k -M!2i<br />
Prip<br />
A,"[, to5i/mp<br />
if Relief - n„p-3-2A<br />
Hose<br />
Ycrlve Valves<br />
.<br />
WT^ta<br />
778<br />
hj<br />
!H_<br />
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3<br />
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:JEL<br />
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J JL.<br />
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.-.<br />
J -CO. CO. J-,- -<br />
I"Prip<br />
to Sump<br />
SECTION OF PLAN SHOWING TOILET ROOMS AND FIXTURES<br />
ox TYPICAL FLOOR OF CUNARD BUILDING<br />
with resin paper wired on. Cold water branches built<br />
in floors are covered with anti-sweat covering made of<br />
alternate layers of wool felt and paper y in. thick and<br />
both hot and cold water lines covered with a shield<br />
of 16 gauge galvanized iron extending full length of<br />
pipe under floor, placed before concrete is poured.<br />
The leader system as indicated by section of leader<br />
riser drawing consists of four 5-in., four 6 in. and one<br />
4-in. risers, two of which are shown in illustrations.<br />
These are connected by flexible leaded connections to<br />
Holt type Xo. 3 leader boxes.<br />
The fire protection system is an independent unit<br />
composed of stand pipes through the building from<br />
house tanks in pent house, with Siamese connections<br />
at street level for fire engine connections. Hose racks<br />
with hose and' nozzles are provided at every floor as<br />
shown by two of the three stand pipe illustrated.<br />
In order to eliminate execessive pressure in these<br />
lines check valves set against tank pressure are in-<br />
455<br />
serted in stand pipes at points 171 ft. 7 in., 221 ft 3<br />
in 267 ft. 6 in. and 304 ft.—down from the bottom<br />
ot tank. Around these checks are by-passes as shown<br />
containing a regulating valve. Also it will be seen by<br />
referring to the illustration that immediately under<br />
the house tank there are 8 in. check valves in stand<br />
pipe These are set to admit water from tanks to<br />
stand pipes only. In this manner the water can flow<br />
from the house tanks through by-pass regulating<br />
yalve to outlets on the various floors and the pressure<br />
is under control at all times, and by regulating the<br />
valves any desired pressure can be maintained. The<br />
water is stopped from flowing straight down through<br />
the stand pipes by the check valves at by-pass point.<br />
When fire engines are connected to the Siamese<br />
connection at street line, the water can be freely<br />
pumped up through the stand pipes at which time it<br />
will pass through the check valves into the stand pipe.<br />
it being impossible to force water the reverse way<br />
through the regulating valve. However, the water will<br />
be stopped from being pumped into tank in pent<br />
houses by the check valves which are located immediately<br />
under tank. This allows of the fire engines<br />
creating such pressure in the fire lines as they are<br />
capable of.<br />
All lines are valved at tanks and are connected into<br />
10 in. main fire lines in sub-basement.<br />
Movies to Show Asbestos Industry<br />
The Johns-Manville Co., in co-operation with the<br />
United States Bureau of Mines, is preparing a moving<br />
picture film of the asbestos industry. This film is<br />
intended to portray the mining and milling of asbestos<br />
in the Quebec and Arizona fields, the processes of<br />
fiberizing, spinning and weaving, and the manufacture<br />
of the various products in which asbestos constitutes<br />
an essential part. It will also include pictures of the<br />
company's extensive asbestos plant now under construction<br />
at Waukegan, 111.<br />
The thousands, or rather millions, of people to<br />
whom this picture vvill be presented will gain a<br />
much clearer idea of the many uses and the indispensable<br />
character of asbestos than could be gained<br />
in any other way.<br />
A Revised Estimating Chart, for Heating<br />
A revised estimating chart, to assist the heating contractor<br />
in correctly estimating the size of mains,<br />
branches and radiation for vapor heating systems has<br />
been issued by the Bottum Valve Co., 213 W. Schiller<br />
street, Chicago. It is printed on stiff, durable green and<br />
white linen stock and folds into a convenient pocket size.<br />
The company has a limited supply which are being<br />
offered to the trade at a nominal price. It makes vapor<br />
heating specialties including thermostatic radiator traps,<br />
air eliminators, damper regulators and various things<br />
for steam and hot water systems.<br />
Pamphlet on the Powminco Line<br />
The Powhatan Mining Co., Woodlawn, Baltimore,<br />
Md., whose business is the mining and the chemical<br />
preparation of asbestos filters, has just issued a very<br />
readable pamphlet on "What Powminco Products Will<br />
Do for Me."
456 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 22. 1920<br />
Vital! Vital! The Vanishing Point of Profit<br />
The Charted Courses of Business Show How Easily a Business<br />
May Run Amuck in the Wilderness of Guesses—How<br />
You Lose Where You Think You Have a Sure Profit<br />
That things are not always what they seem is clearly of $90,632 and an auto and truck expense of<br />
demonstrated by the information gathered by the nearly 3.7 per cent, as against 2.8 per cent, shown by<br />
Cleveland Association of Heating and Ventilating Con- Class A Xo. 4, with a direct cost of $144,342 and an<br />
tractors in a comprehensive survey of business condi- auto and truck expense of $4069.<br />
tions as they existed in that industry among Cleveland This information gives a general idea as to what<br />
__E_Sc_<br />
B<br />
C<br />
D<br />
E<br />
r<br />
G<br />
H<br />
I<br />
J<br />
K<br />
L<br />
CLASS A<br />
LABOR<br />
MATERIALS<br />
TOTALDIRECTCOST<br />
A EXt-C. SALARIES 3492<br />
EST'M-G & SELLING 4265<br />
OFFICE SALARIES<br />
NOM-PROD. LABOR<br />
AUTO & TRUCK E1P. 968<br />
320<br />
RENT<br />
DEPRECTi OF EQUIP.<br />
REPAIRS & REPL'liT.<br />
ADVERTISING<br />
TAXES<br />
INTEREST<br />
IMSURANCE<br />
•M ASSN. DUES<br />
If BAD ACCOUNTS<br />
0 HISC. EXPENSE<br />
TOTAL OVERHEAD<br />
contractors for the 1919. The information thus collected<br />
and tabulated in chart form was published in the<br />
official bulletin of the Heating and Piping Contractors<br />
National Association, August, 1920 issue. It clearly<br />
shows the ease with which fancied profits are absorbed<br />
in the overhead expenses.<br />
The charts reproduced here need but little explanation.<br />
In making these charts the businesses were<br />
grouped under two classifications. Those with direct<br />
costs ranging from $90,000 upwards were grouped<br />
in Chart A, those having direct cost ranging from<br />
$30,000 to $68,000 were grouped in Chart B.<br />
These charts tell the story completely. For instance,<br />
Chart A shows a total direct cost for nine firms<br />
of $1,405,375 at an overhead of $262,232 over 18.9<br />
per cent, average and a variation in the individual<br />
overhead expenses of from 11.5 to 27.4 per cent.<br />
Chart B shows a variation in overhead expenses of 15<br />
to 30 per cent and an average of 21.1 per cent, which<br />
is higher than that of larger shops.<br />
The charts have a further value as they contain information<br />
of vital interest to every business man<br />
affording comparative information which can be used<br />
in analyzing business in other section of the country.<br />
For example, No. 2 Class A shows a total direct cost<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4 S<br />
6<br />
7<br />
8<br />
9<br />
TOTAL<br />
30700 35/69 47576 387/8 591/8 17863 777/3 60289 40249 400396<br />
65438 55464 177365 705623 '32263 94962 I3G//4 99334 133355 397979<br />
94/38 90632 224-342 /44MI/9/38/ 112825 2/3827 159623 173604 7405375<br />
70400 4/45 13000 20000 6685 22000 3/20 /OOOO 9344Z<br />
/662 2977 1200 3668 /OOOO 2526 5023 3/320<br />
1318 1202 /846 3345 1636 5026 5524 7006 20902<br />
/453 5269 1795 2362 13/4 3626 2155 650 78623<br />
3346 /685 47)69 6007 3593 40/0 46/5 2862 3/156<br />
52Z 2175 7020 2067 1/00 2475 556 /0234<br />
343 235 632 /ooo 925 96 /OO 3338<br />
1138 388 379<br />
847 2753<br />
337<br />
270<br />
/25 732<br />
447 366 737 485 /43 859 /4/0 746 3994<br />
149 SOU 2870 43 498<br />
273 4243<br />
237 324 649 648 975 573 7007 764 S/78<br />
276 876 627 7465 375' 9/3 7778 334 5296<br />
306 /S00 443 45 783 282/ 7J4 300 63S4<br />
/6/
October 22. 1920<br />
P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
$105,729, shows that the average daily charge for such<br />
directum is 28.3 per cent, of each man's pay or $2 5<br />
tor each $9 per day man employed. It wil also be<br />
noticed that the $29,923 charge only includes executive<br />
salary charges for five firms. If are added the execu<br />
ive salaries or the other two firms in proportion<br />
o those charged or $7750, to the $29.923, P wl have<br />
a otal of $37,673. This executive salary charge con-<br />
*m£ n A ? at '° n t0 _ the t0taI direct labor ch arge of<br />
$105,729 determines that the average daily charge for<br />
executive directions in this group was 36.5 per cent, of<br />
$3.29 tor each $9 per day man employed<br />
Now take the Class A labor cost of $400,396 and<br />
by the $400,396 we find that the executive salaries of<br />
1% ._!"_ hrmS ' S 23 ' 3 percent of the totaI la bor cost<br />
or $2.10 for each $9 per day man employed.<br />
PROFIT MAPE ON MATERIALS<br />
These figures prove, beyond a doubt, that heating<br />
contractors (and the same thing applies in the plumb<br />
ing trade) do not make any great amount of money<br />
on labor. The money, the real profit, is made on the A demonstration of dust explosions and how they<br />
materials used, not on the labor employed. That may are caused in grain elevators and other industrial plants<br />
seem a strange statement. Figures prove that the was scheduled to be given at the National Safety<br />
Uass B the mechanic draws $9, non-producing labor Louncil Congress in Milwaukee, September 29, by<br />
costs 41 cents, executive salaries cost $3 29 Add David J. Price, engineer in charge of grain-dust ex<br />
these and we get a total of $12.70. That means if a plosion investigations for the United States Depart<br />
charge of $12.70 per day is made for that man's time ment of Agriculture.<br />
is just pays the executive salaries. In other words 41 Explosions of this sort cost 80 lives and $7,000,000<br />
per cent, must be added to the daily wage of mechanics in property loss in the United States in nine months<br />
to get enough margin to pay for executive salaries. of 1919. Investigation by the department experts<br />
In Class A the mechanic draws $9, non-productive showed that such an innocent thing as mill dust will<br />
labor 41 cents and executive salaries $2.10, total $11.51 assume the rending capacity of TNT when mixed<br />
A<br />
B<br />
C<br />
D<br />
E<br />
r<br />
G<br />
H<br />
IT<br />
J<br />
JI<br />
L<br />
M<br />
N<br />
0<br />
1 • - * •<br />
CLASS B<br />
LABOR<br />
MATERIALS<br />
TO TAL DIRECT COST<br />
EXEC. SALARIES<br />
EST-M-G _. SELLING<br />
OEEICE SALARIES<br />
NON-PROD. LABOR<br />
AUTO & TRUCK EXf.<br />
RENT<br />
DEPREC'N OF EQUIP.<br />
REPAIRS $ REPL'MT.<br />
ADVERTISING<br />
TAXES<br />
INTEREST<br />
INSURANCE<br />
AS5N.DUE5<br />
BAD ACCOUNTS<br />
rilSC. EXPENSE<br />
TOTAL OVERHEAD<br />
1<br />
/4m<br />
2<br />
3<br />
457<br />
Have to be met in operating it and how easily a greater<br />
proht can be had by selling a greater amount of material.<br />
Uo not be misled by over-confidence. Work your<br />
business; do not let it work you. Be master of it by<br />
knowing all about it. Time spent in figuring where<br />
you are coming out is the most profitable that you<br />
spend. \ou do not have to rob people to make a<br />
profit, unless you guess as to what is going on, then<br />
you will have to rob some to stand the losses on<br />
others. That hurts you, it hurts vour fellow contractor<br />
it works an injustice on the public and it is unhealthy<br />
for the industry.<br />
CHARTS BASED ON FACTS<br />
These charts have entailed a large amount of effort<br />
to compile They carry facts vital to vour welfare.<br />
t^oht by them. Look your own business over. Who<br />
is master, you or the business?<br />
4<br />
14960 77537 17362 216/8 9026 9837<br />
15884 24840 44517 86989 45255 25440 2534/<br />
30276 39800 62054 5435/ 67853 34/62 p5/7S<br />
4620 4200 9600 5263 3120<br />
4488 101 /<br />
UO 546 7705 923<br />
/599 /560 1/99 /988<br />
365<br />
100 434 1843 7/3 779<br />
780 IIZ5 780 430 450 560 6/2<br />
782 62<br />
/ & • 54/ 100<br />
550 965 156 200<br />
127<br />
570 350 209<br />
33<br />
38 188<br />
132 435 19/<br />
67<br />
4/7 548<br />
Z98<br />
107 27<br />
1707 1/43 890 887 29/1 1800 2119<br />
4608 10014 17/91 16435 II114 5480 67/3<br />
Grain-Dust Explosions Demonstrated<br />
5<br />
6<br />
7<br />
8 9 TOTAL<br />
105723<br />
2/7946<br />
323675<br />
29923<br />
5500<br />
3408<br />
67/2<br />
3869<br />
4537<br />
1049<br />
/474<br />
/27<br />
962<br />
226<br />
925<br />
1263<br />
/34<br />
/457<br />
7/566<br />
These figures show that 27.9 per cent, added to daily with air in certain proportions and ignited; and the<br />
wage of men produce just enough to pay executive strongest fire-proof structure is not proof against the<br />
salaries. resulting explosion. Explosions have been traced to<br />
These charts are not imaginary. They are based on such simple causes as a spark from belt friction, a<br />
cold facts. They vividly illustrate the vital necessity workman's pipe, and even the breaking of incadescent<br />
of knowing your business, the various costs which light globes.
458 P L U M B E R A N D STEAM FITTER October 22, 1920<br />
An Eye Opener That You Will Say Is Good<br />
That Big Business and Large Industries are Not the Result of Accident Is<br />
Clearly Demostrated by the Simple Story of a Catalogue in the Making<br />
The Walworth AIfg. Co., Boston, Mass., has just<br />
received a few advance copies of its export catalogue<br />
designated as the Walworth Export Catalogue No.<br />
35. The comprehensive nature of the work is shown<br />
by the chapter index.<br />
Malleable Iron Fittings<br />
Standard Weight Cast Iron Flanged Fittings<br />
Extra Heavy Cast Iron Flanged Fittings<br />
Cast Steel Fittings<br />
Power Plant Piping<br />
Pipe and Tubes<br />
Kewanee Union Specialties<br />
Brass Gate Valves<br />
Iron and Steel Gate Valves<br />
Brass Valves and Cocks<br />
Iron Valves and Cocks<br />
<strong>Steam</strong> Specialties<br />
Engine and Boiler Trimmings<br />
Pipe Tools<br />
Drive Well Points<br />
Ammonia Valves and Fittings<br />
Miscellaneous<br />
Conversion Tables<br />
Chapter Index<br />
Figure and Number Index<br />
English Index<br />
Spanish Index<br />
Portugese Index<br />
French Index<br />
PRINTED IN FOUR LANGUAGES<br />
It will be noted that the catalogue is printed in four<br />
languages—English, Spanish, Portuguese and French.<br />
The arrangement is such that these appear in the same<br />
sequence on each page throughout tbe book so that a<br />
man who can only read one language will have no<br />
serious difficulty in getting just the information he<br />
wants.<br />
The thought has been to bring out engravings in<br />
strong relief on the general presumption "that pictures<br />
are a universal language." Therefore on everv page<br />
the engravings occupy a very prominent position.<br />
THE COLOR SCHEME<br />
()ne verv difficult problem encountered was that having<br />
four languages on a page, introducing even a<br />
reasonable amount of information, would necessitate<br />
either a very large page or rather small type. The<br />
first intention seemed to show that it would have been<br />
extremely difficult to get four languages on the page<br />
when there had been only one language on a page in<br />
Catalogue No. 78, or in other words the type would<br />
have been extremely small. A compromise was made<br />
and the size of the page was increased to 6 x 9, but<br />
even then many pages showed very small tvpe and<br />
were not easy to read. In looking into the matter it<br />
was found that the American Book Co., one of the<br />
largest publishers of educational school books in the<br />
world, had gone into this matter very scientifically and<br />
had given to its printers these instructions: Whenever a<br />
considerable number of pages in a text book has small<br />
type on a crowded page, a yellow color time block<br />
should be used in this book for scientific investigations<br />
indicates that this increases the legibility. Hence the<br />
use of a yellow tint block was employed throughout<br />
this catalogue. Aside from increasing the legibility it<br />
tends to make a better looking catalogue and to give a<br />
favorable impression of the concern that issues it.<br />
TRANSLATION OF THE TEXT<br />
In the problem of translation many difficulties were<br />
encountered. Had this been a novel or an essay, no<br />
serious difficulty would have been met because there<br />
are many people capable of making an English translation<br />
to various foVeign languages. However, when it<br />
comes to technical translation, the problem is entirely<br />
different. With such terms as "outside screw and yoke<br />
valves," "Walworth Shrunk and Peened Flanges,"<br />
or a thousand and one technical terms, it was found<br />
that a literal translation in many cases would be impossible<br />
; hence the necessity for securing a translation<br />
which kept the spirit of the engineering terms even<br />
though the English could not be literally translated<br />
into the foreign languages. It may be interesting to<br />
know that some pages were translated, checked and<br />
rechecked six or eight times before they appeared in<br />
the present form.<br />
An investigation of previous technical booklets had<br />
shown a wide range of terms used. Furthermore,<br />
conversations and correspondence with various people<br />
who had issued foreign literature of a technical character,<br />
confirm the impression as to the practical impossibility<br />
of securing any one who could literally<br />
translate English technical terms into foreign idioms,<br />
for in many cases no such idioms existed. However,<br />
the problem was met by having a foreign engineer<br />
make the original translation and several others check<br />
it.<br />
Recently the editor of the leading Spanish engineering<br />
periodical in this country when visiting at the company's<br />
office looked over some of the pages of proof<br />
and after carefully going through them, said: "In<br />
my opinion you might have gone to several expensive<br />
foreign language translation bureau and I doubt if vou<br />
would have gotten as good a result of translation from<br />
a technical viewpoint as you now have."<br />
Undoubtedly some errors and mistakes will be found<br />
in connection with this catalogue but every effort was<br />
made to guard against errors in translation. Certain<br />
sections of the catalogue were translated, the dummies<br />
made and such dummies sent to foreign offices with<br />
the request for their return with comments and criticisms.<br />
This refers more particularly to the initial<br />
sections because the time in transit prevented this<br />
method in the last section of the book, yet many valuable<br />
suggestions were received from the foreign offices<br />
in this manner.<br />
ARRANGEMENT OF ENGRAVINGS<br />
The engravings shown in this book are for the most<br />
part the same as those shown in Catalogue No. 78 and<br />
the figure numbers used are practically the same. This<br />
arrangement will avoid confusion, for in case a foreigner<br />
uses the figure numbers shown in Catalogue<br />
No. 78, he will find no trouble in securing the article<br />
(Continued on Page 461 j
October 22. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 459<br />
A Batting Average of 999.9<br />
Made in War, Continued in Peace<br />
The Forced Development of Duriron to Meet War Demands<br />
for a <strong>Metal</strong> Which Would Besist the Action of Acids and<br />
Alkalies Made Possible the Commercial Product of To-day<br />
Duriron has been developed within the past 8<br />
years as the result of much metallurgical research. It<br />
is an alloy of iron containing a high percentage of<br />
silica. Many obstacles have been overcome in its successful<br />
production. Every resource known to foundry<br />
practice has been drawn on in transforming it into<br />
a practical commercial article. Great impetus was<br />
given to this preliminary experiment work and effort<br />
by the great war. The result is the Duriron of today<br />
and the perfected methods of working it.<br />
Duriron is an extremely hard, close grained metal<br />
which can be cast only, in fact, it is so hard that it<br />
is impossible to thread or machine it. However, some<br />
of the better class of grinders are being successfully<br />
used in grinding it. It takes a very high polish and<br />
when broken shows a much lighter colored fracture<br />
than cast iron.<br />
The process of manufacturing and casting Duriron<br />
has progressed to the stage where it is possible to<br />
duplicate most articles made of cast iron. It has a<br />
place in nearly every commercial field and has been<br />
practicably adapted for use as acid and alkali condensers,<br />
tubes, connections, denitrating towers, exhaust<br />
fans, pickling tanks, drainage pipe, fittings,<br />
sinks, acid carboys and laboratory equipment, including<br />
all fittings and connections to connect fixtures<br />
with drain. Practically any type of special castings<br />
can be had to care for emergencies.<br />
The high resistance of Duriron to corrosion, both<br />
liquids and gases, approaches that of glass or porce-<br />
M<br />
ETHOD APPLIED IN TESTING DURIRON CASTING FOR CRUSHING STRENGTH
460 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 22, 1920<br />
APPLICATION OF THE TRANSVERSE TEST OF DURIRON CASTINGS<br />
lain, while in addition it possesses great comparative<br />
strength when considered in relation to substances<br />
which offer a similar «resistance to the action<br />
of acids and alkalies. Its structure being the same<br />
all the way through, it can be easily understood how<br />
Duriron so easily surpasses any material such as<br />
tile which depends on its glaze for resistance to the<br />
action of acids or alkalies. Vigorous tests have<br />
demonstated that where cast iron was completely destroyed<br />
by the action of 25 per cent solution of<br />
sulphuric acid in 16 days, Duriron withstood a 25<br />
per cent solution of surphuric acid one year and lost<br />
only 1/50 of 1 per cent of its volume during that<br />
time under the same conditions as obtained in the<br />
cast iron test. Not only does it resist corrosion but<br />
it is also practically immune from erosion by virtue<br />
of its beipg sq hard and close grained.<br />
Illustrated are the methods applied in testing Duriron<br />
castings for crushing and transverse strength.<br />
In the crushing test you will note that the pipe is<br />
evenly bedded for the full length of the section being<br />
tested and that the crushing power applied by the<br />
Olsen testing machine is also applied the whole length<br />
of the section of pipe being tested. It will also be<br />
noted that the pipe for the transverse test was supported<br />
on bearings blocks spaced some little distance<br />
apart and the load applied in the center by the testing<br />
machine. This very clearly illustrates the difference<br />
between the crushing and transverse strength, the<br />
crushing strength being the weight a given length<br />
of pipe will stand without fracturing if bedded evenly<br />
and load applied evenly for the full length. The transverse<br />
strength is the load the pipe will support without<br />
fracturing if the bedding is spaced and load applied<br />
between beds.<br />
These tests show Duriron to stand a crushing test<br />
per foot of 13,490 lb. against 1,556 lb. for vitrified<br />
tile and a transverse strength of 11,250 lb. as against<br />
1,813 lb. for vitrified tile. These tests show Duriron<br />
many times stronger than tile, therefore making it<br />
adaptable in many places where tile could not be used.<br />
Sewer pipe and fittings made of Duriron are<br />
equipped with bell and spiggot, flange ends, also<br />
plain ends to be used with compression couplings. The<br />
compression couplings are used chiefly to take care of<br />
expansion in long lines. The type of couplings and<br />
the flange joint used are illustrated. The calked<br />
joints are made with asbestos packing soaked in<br />
sodium silicate, Garlock hemp, or Tupper's flax, with<br />
a backing of molten lead or lead wool calked as with<br />
cast iron.<br />
Wherever corrosion (rusting) of pipe has to be<br />
contended with, particularly where acids and alkalies<br />
have to be handled, there Duriron fits. In all com-
October 22. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 461<br />
munities there are some such places, usually many<br />
places. School laboratories, druggists, chemists, photographers,<br />
sinks and waste lines are instances, as<br />
are also modern stable drains and factories where<br />
chemicals are used. Those and similar places are<br />
where plumbers can utilize Duriron to best of advantage.<br />
Installations made with it will require re-<br />
TYPICAL DURIRON FLANGE JOINT<br />
placement less often. That benefits the public as<br />
well as adds prestige to the plumber and is a real<br />
advantage to him as the money made by plumbers is on<br />
material sold rather than profits on labor supplied.<br />
To afford the plumbing industry every facility to<br />
take care of the wants of their customers with<br />
Duriron where needed and where it could be used to<br />
great advantage to the customers, the Duriron Castings<br />
Co., Dayton, Ohio, which manufactures Duriron,<br />
maintain a corps of engineers who will conduct tests<br />
and in every way lend their assistance and co-operation<br />
to the industry in solving individual problems.<br />
TYPICAL DURIRON COMPRESSION COUPLING<br />
Also bulletins covering the lines for which Duriron has<br />
been adapted can be had upon request to the manufacturers.<br />
Back on the Job<br />
Albert S. Hutt is again at his old desk with the Henry<br />
Hutt Plumbing Supply Co., Broad street, Augusta, Ga.<br />
•When the war came on Mr. Hutt entered one of the<br />
volunteer companies in Augusta and throughout the war<br />
and for a considerable time after the armistice was<br />
signed was on duty in the fighting area in France.<br />
Since his return the business of the Henry Hutt Plumbing<br />
Supply Co. has enjoyed a well deserved increase and<br />
prosperity. This firm distributes plumbing supplies<br />
over a large extent of the Ge<strong>org</strong>ia-Carolina territory.<br />
An Eye Opener That You Will Say Is Good<br />
(Continued on page 458)<br />
^ As a matter of fact, Walworth Export Catalogue<br />
No. 35 follows for the most part the information presented<br />
in the Domestic Catalogue No. 78 and if such<br />
information had not been dug out, it would probably<br />
have been impossible to issue Export Catalogue No.<br />
35, at least in its present form.<br />
The Kewanee Union section, appearing on Pages<br />
151 to 161 inclusive, is shown with an additional<br />
bronze color for the brass parts. This tends to bring<br />
out in strong relief the bronze parts of the Kewanee<br />
Union and members of the Kewanee family.<br />
In the center of the book is a map of the world<br />
showing various routes between leading cities. In the<br />
front and back of the book is shown a map of the<br />
world made of fittings with the designation at the<br />
bottom "The World is Our Field."<br />
FOREIGN INDICES<br />
The Walworth Manufacturing Co. States: "In all<br />
the foreign books at our disposal, we noticed the indices<br />
were rather brief and incomplete. It is possible<br />
that we went a trifle to the other extreme, but where<br />
we found certain phrases were used in different countries,<br />
vve tried to collect in the indices all local terms<br />
that had been rejected for general use as well as to<br />
place each article under such headings tbat each might<br />
be readily found although the name was not exactly<br />
what the reader was accustomed to. In other words,<br />
we felt we had accumulated a vast amount of knowledge<br />
in this catalogue which vve tried to place at the<br />
reader's easy disposal through indices."<br />
The catalogue is intended for use only in countries<br />
in which the British standard thread is used. The<br />
book vvill not be distributed in this country for this<br />
company has another catalogue, Walworth Catalogue<br />
No. 78, which shows a full line of American thread<br />
fittings, valves, etc., and contains more pages than<br />
Walworth Export Catalogue No. 35. ,<br />
CATALOGUE AS A BUSINESS BUILDER<br />
Comment on the appearance, usefulness and worth<br />
of the catalogue are useless as far as you, Mr. Reader,<br />
are concerned. The one great useful idea which you<br />
can get from your reading of how that catalogue was<br />
made is the insight it gives as to how big business is<br />
built. Right straight through the making of that catalogue<br />
is seen the care, thoroughness, foresight and labor<br />
employed. To make it pretty? No!!! To make<br />
that catalogue supply the needs of prospective buyers,<br />
to make it a business getter. The Walworth Co. is<br />
out for business. It is planning to get it. That catalogue<br />
is part of its plan. It does not wait for business<br />
to come to it. * It goes out after it and that catalogue<br />
is one means of getting out after business.<br />
Now that is the meat in the cocoanut for you. If going<br />
out after business will get it for the Walworth Co.,<br />
then going right out after it vvill get it for you. And<br />
it will. That is the secret of business. Planning to<br />
get it by planning to do it and then going out after it.<br />
Business men that do it in that manner are the live<br />
wires in every community. Those are the methods<br />
which distinguish them as live wires.<br />
New Chicago District Manager<br />
M. J. Czarnieck, is now district sales manager for<br />
the A. M. Byers Co., Pittsburgh, Pa., in the Chicago<br />
district. He succeeds Cephas Taylor, Jr., who goes<br />
to Pittsburgh as assistant general sales manager to<br />
replace S. P. Broome, resigned.
462 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 22, 1920<br />
EDITORIAL<br />
New Sentiment in Plumbing Field<br />
Just get the new idea that National President D. F.<br />
Durkin, Jr., gave to the plumbers of northern New<br />
Jersey on Columbus Day. He was surprised, but agreeably<br />
so, with their methods of conducting business and<br />
receiving a new member. He said the trade protection<br />
slogan of the past and the concentration on it had<br />
served their purpose and has passed out of use. The<br />
new idea was to make the association, through its<br />
newer and splendid uplift service, so valuable that a<br />
man would want to join if the members made him see<br />
what they got. He urged all to learn all about the<br />
Trade Extension Bureau work that William J. Woolley<br />
said was now being used in lecture form by 359 local<br />
associations. It is a time to keep informed and move<br />
with the trend that leads to a better day for all plumbers<br />
and their customers.<br />
What the Supply Meeting Heard<br />
A firm impression was given to the members of the<br />
Eastern Supply Association that the world of business<br />
needed only to face actual conditions and handle them<br />
with common sense to avoid any disagreeable contingency<br />
in the world of trade. The speakers pointed<br />
to the spree of extravagance from which all must<br />
recover and again work hard and save up to defrav<br />
the taxes which are inevitable and vvill inevitably be<br />
raised. The fever of the hour is nervous, but negligible<br />
to those who go at their every day job and do it<br />
creditably. The credit man, the United States Senator<br />
and the lawyer all dealt with the reconstruction<br />
period and agreed its evils were readily disposed of by<br />
sane and persistent endeavor.<br />
Make Every Job Add to Industry Good Name<br />
The cycle trade of America at the Atlantic convention<br />
on August 3, appropriated $300,000 for'the 1920 campaign<br />
of advertising in the interest of the bicycle busines.<br />
Why? Because they know that the good name of<br />
every industry must be built. They know that no<br />
matter how well it is built, constant vigilance is necessarv-<br />
to keep that good name in high repute. There is<br />
a lesson in that for the plumbing and heating industry.<br />
Instead of marking time they must constantly push<br />
forward. News of work well done should be published.<br />
The speed, tbe care and the effort necessary to<br />
do it and the obstacles overcome in doing it should be<br />
published. Newspapers are glad to get that sort of information.<br />
It makes good stories. It builds good reputation.<br />
It repairs inroads made in the good name of<br />
the industry by malicious jokes and misrepresentation.<br />
COMMENT<br />
It is a most effective check against the good name of<br />
the industry backsliding into disrepute. <strong>Plumber</strong>s and<br />
heating contractors of every community will profit<br />
to a great extent if they initiate and push forward a<br />
campaign of this educational work.<br />
New Heating Contract Terms<br />
To act as bankers for their customers is something<br />
which heating contractors should not be called upon<br />
to do. Yet when they are working for people even of<br />
ample funds, they are often taken advantage of and<br />
payments for their services are delayed until it<br />
becomes a practical hardship. This is a fact that has<br />
been brought home to many heating contractors when<br />
they have been urged to pay more promptly for their<br />
materials. As disagreeable as this has been, when in<br />
their opinion their customers are as good as gold, it<br />
has been the means of bringing about new customs<br />
in making contracts both in the larger cities where<br />
the work is in large buildings may run into a good<br />
many thousand dollars and also for the custom trade<br />
in the suburban districts where most of the contracts<br />
are for heating residences. For several months contractors<br />
in the larger cities have been inserting in their<br />
proposals a provision for a monthly payment so that<br />
they get their money whether the material is on the<br />
ground or in the building or in service or it is delivered<br />
and cannot be put into service because of delay<br />
of some other contractors, or because the owner<br />
is holding up a piece of work in order to conserve his<br />
funds by delaying the payment to the steam fitter.<br />
Then the monthly payment protects the heating contractor<br />
and he gets his money so that he can turn<br />
over the proper proportion of it to the different material<br />
men who have furnished him supplies. In the<br />
country a little different plan is being observed with<br />
decided advantage. Now provision is made for pay<br />
for the pipe and that sort of material as soon as it<br />
is delivered on the ground. Then as soon as the<br />
boilers and radiators are delivered on the ground's thev<br />
also bring a payment. When they are connected up<br />
the final payment is due. If the previous payments<br />
for pipes and that sort of material, and later for the<br />
boilers and radiators, have not been made the contractors<br />
are in a position to delay connecting them up<br />
tor service until they have been paid for. This puts<br />
them in a better position than has quite generally prevailed.<br />
It is a well known fact that the well-to-do frequently<br />
delay paying their obligations vvhile they may<br />
be getting two per cent on the balance they hold in<br />
the bank. No account is as good as gold until the<br />
check or cash is in the hands of the contractor.
October 22. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 463<br />
Information Exchange for Readers' Problems<br />
Ask your fellow readers through these columns for their<br />
help on your problems—Help them in turn on theirs<br />
Wants to Prevent Nickel Tarnishing<br />
From R. T. J., Michigan—I am located along the<br />
shores of Fake Michigan and in the fall I turn off<br />
the water in several residences. Some of them have<br />
been built within the last few years and in the spring<br />
when I go back to turn on the water the nickel has<br />
corroded and even at the end of the first year begins<br />
to look badly. Can you tell me any way in which I can<br />
stop this when I turn off the water as the corrosion<br />
seems to take place during the winter months when<br />
nobody is occupying the houses and there is no one to<br />
keep the nickel polished. I will thank you very much<br />
for this information.<br />
Copper Lining Gives Out<br />
Prom A. N., South Dakota—About 3 years ago 1<br />
installed a new copper lined tank in a residence in connection<br />
with a new plumbing outfit. The lining was<br />
made of 16-oz. copper tinned. It started to leak about<br />
a week ago and the owner sent for me right away. 1<br />
tried to solder the copper in the bottom of the tank,<br />
but it was so full of holes that this was impracticable.<br />
As the copper had been in place only 3 years, it<br />
COPPER LINED TANK<br />
3 Overflow<br />
on and off the current to stop and start the pump as<br />
the depth of water in the tank operated the float.<br />
This installation is just the same as I have made in<br />
many other cases and the wood does not seem to be<br />
full of sap and I do not know what has happened.<br />
Will some of your readers tell me what they think<br />
is the cause of the trouble so that I may explain it to<br />
the owner as it does not seem to me that the fault is<br />
mine ? I have looked the system all over and everything<br />
is just as I left it except that the electricians<br />
have booked up a telephone ground wire to the water<br />
pipe. Do you think that that would have any effect on<br />
the tank ?<br />
Troubles Experienced with Pumps<br />
From C. R., Ge<strong>org</strong>ia—We have a two stage centrifu<br />
gal pump connected up with a 35-h. p. motor. The<br />
motor seems to load up and will not run it. The pump<br />
has a capacitv of 250 gal. of water per minute against<br />
3 head of 250 lb. It is directly connected with the<br />
motor by a universal joint all set complete on a cast<br />
iron bed so that everything is in line. When the<br />
feed and flow are closed off, the pump runs all right.<br />
As soon as the feed line is opened, the motor seems<br />
to load up and get hot so that it has to stopped.<br />
Also vve are having trouble with the thrust bearings<br />
which do not last as there seem to be too much thrust<br />
on the pump. The pump was a second-hand one<br />
when vve purchased it and the previous owners say it<br />
worked all right and they had no difficulty with it.<br />
However, we have done nothing more than set it up<br />
and clean it.<br />
We have had an electrician test the motor and he<br />
claims that the motor develops the proper horse power<br />
and in figuring we find no reason why it should not<br />
operate the pump—if everything were all right. But<br />
vve cannot seem to locate the trouble with the pump,<br />
and I am writing you to see if you can help us out of<br />
our difficulties. The connection to pump is 4 in. with<br />
a 4-in. outlet and the suction is fed by gravity flow.<br />
seems very strange that all these holes should have Remedy Sought for Pipes Stopped by Deposit<br />
developed in this short length of time and I was at<br />
a loss to account for it to'the owners.<br />
From J. H. Young, of Albertson & Young, Atlantic<br />
The tank was originally made by the carpenter con<br />
Citv, N. J.—The writer was a recent visitor in Newtractor<br />
of spruce plank and the enclosed sketch will<br />
York City, seeking information as to how to protect<br />
show how I made my connections with it. You will<br />
the citizens of his home town from the annoyance which<br />
see that the pump line was a 2-in. supply which ex<br />
attend what is known in New England as the red water<br />
tended over the top of tank and that the supply to<br />
plague. For many years Atlantic City took its water<br />
fixtures was taken from bottom of tank. The overflow<br />
supply from artesian wells and, while it was excellent<br />
was a copper tube which extended from near the top<br />
for drinking purposes it was very hard and its use in<br />
of tank through the roof and emptied on the roof. hot water systems resulted in a precipitation of a de<br />
The water supplied to the tank was from an electricposit which soon closed up water-backs in kitchen<br />
pump and we had an automatic control in the tank- ranges and the hot water piping. The replacing of these<br />
consisting of a copper float which automatically turned water-backs was quite an extensive business and led to
464 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 22, 1920<br />
the use of diluted muriatic acid to soften the deposit<br />
so that it could be flushed out with water.<br />
The new trouble, however, comes from an entirely<br />
(different cause. Atlantic City is receiving a great deal<br />
|of its water supply from water gathered over an extensive<br />
area. Some 50 square miles are drained into a<br />
pond of about 3,000 acres, which was dredged out and<br />
prepared as a collecting point from which the supply<br />
was pumped into Atlantic City. As is usual with such<br />
water supplies, it carried with it a great deal of oxygen<br />
iin suspension as well as a great deal of <strong>org</strong>anic matter<br />
of both the animal and vegetable type. This gave a<br />
color to the water, which vvhile not objectionable, was<br />
not removed by filtration and enough of this sediment<br />
remains to form a deposit in the pipes entirely different<br />
from the lime deposit and which filled many of the<br />
pipes, particularlv iron service pipes, with an incrustation<br />
that interfered positively with the flow.<br />
This is a problem that has been met in various ways<br />
in other cities and those who have any information<br />
as to a successful handling of it vvill confer a favor upon<br />
many readers by passing it along.<br />
The Studimeter<br />
Editor's Note—The Studimeter. which previously<br />
appeared in METAL MORKER, PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER, will now be a feature of PLUMBER AND STEAM<br />
FITTER. Readers of thc former publication have<br />
found this column of great value in determining thc<br />
benefit derived from the articles published in thc paper.<br />
It is composed of technical. questions ou thc articles<br />
presented in the previous issue, zvith the page numbers<br />
on which thc article appeared. Thc readers should<br />
cultivate thc habit of turning to these questions as they<br />
appear to ascertain just hozi.' much they absorbed of<br />
what they read in the previous issue This will insure<br />
a more careful study of the articles presented, thereby<br />
increasing the knozvledgc of the reader.<br />
What is the principle on which the fuller faucet is<br />
operated? 421.<br />
To what abuses is fuller work often subjected and<br />
what is the proper adjustment of the fuller balls? 422.<br />
How may the tradesman profit from the educational<br />
work recently started by a manufacturer of water<br />
supply systems? 424.<br />
Why is the expansion tank an important factor in<br />
a hot-water heating system and how should it be connected<br />
? 425.<br />
What is the function of the emergency device shown<br />
and how is it operated ? 426.<br />
How may leaks be eliminated by the plumber to<br />
guard against unnecessary expense? 427.<br />
What are the provisions of the plumbing specifications<br />
for the skyscraper building in New York City?<br />
429.<br />
Why is it highly essential that estimates should be<br />
based on facts, not guesswork? 432.<br />
Why should the tradesman, large or small, be encouraged<br />
to call on the bank for money? 433.<br />
How does the banker gauge the credit value of a<br />
tradesman? 433.<br />
What is the reason for the failure of many men<br />
who start in business for themselves? 434.<br />
Where may the young plumber or steam fitter receive<br />
much helpful information to him in buying and<br />
managing his business? 435.<br />
New York Office for Jersey Company<br />
Goetze Gasket & Packing Co., New Brunswick,<br />
N. J., announces the opening of new branch at 242<br />
Lafayette street, New York City. The new offices,<br />
sales and stock room, and the staff of thoroughly<br />
skilled service men are ready to meet every requirement<br />
of customers in New York territory.<br />
T. N. Chester Visits New York<br />
T. N. Chester, manager of the St. Louis branch of<br />
the American Blower Co., Detroit, Mich., was in New<br />
York last week visiting Arthur Ritter of the New York<br />
department, and as his visit happened at the time of<br />
the meeting of the Eastern Trade Golf Association he<br />
came out and participated in everything except taking<br />
home a prize.<br />
Universal Strap Hanger<br />
The universal strap hanger, manufactured by the<br />
Beaton & Caldwell Manufacturing Co., New Britain,<br />
Conn., is an instantly adjustable hanger. The adjustment<br />
is made by simply raising up on the pipe and<br />
pulling down on the strap end of hanger, the hanger<br />
UNIVERSAL STRAP HANGER<br />
automatically clamping itself at any desired position.<br />
lhese hangers are made for all sizes of pipe of V_ to<br />
8 in They are strong and allow of free expansion<br />
of the pipe in any direction.<br />
Chicago Supply Men Meet<br />
The election of officers and advisory committee members<br />
were important matters on which action was taken<br />
at the annual meeting of the Chicago Supply Association,<br />
held at the Union League Club, on Tuesday,<br />
October 5. H. M. Sedgwick, S. Wilks Mfg Co was<br />
chosen president; C. M. Sherrill, Standard Sanitary<br />
Mfg. Co.; Otto J. Deschauer, S. Deschauer Co vic7<br />
president, and Paul Blatchford, secretary-treasurer<br />
The members of the advisory committee are: Herman<br />
Hoelscher, Hoelscher Bros. Co.; Eugene Buehler, Davis<br />
Supply Co. and Frank Gassmer, Wolff Mfg. Co.
October 22. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 465<br />
Traffic Manager<br />
H. D. Cherry<br />
PROMINENT PERSONALITIES AT THE KEWANEE BOILER OUTING<br />
Kewanee Reception Commitlee—<br />
F. E. Bailey, W. D. Bentley,<br />
A. P. Hare and J. F. Dickinson<br />
Chicago Veteran <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong><br />
Samuel I. Pope and his sons,<br />
W. A. and S. Austin Pope<br />
Chicago<br />
ager E>.<br />
Sales Man-<br />
B. Dickinson<br />
Chicago Heating Men Inspect Kewanee Plant Drum Corps, in columns of twos thev marched<br />
through the business district, the line extending for<br />
Special Train Carries Two Hundred to See Boilers and Radi more than two blocks. After lunch President E. E.<br />
ators Made in New Million Dollar Addition to Kewanee Baker said that it was not purposed to fill the guests<br />
Boiler Boiler Co's Plant<br />
with oratory, "it takes so little eloquence to sell Kewanee<br />
boilers, that we are a little short on it, but it<br />
A signal success in education and entertainment was<br />
is fitting that Vice-President Black of the <strong>Steam</strong> Fit<br />
the reward of the visit of 180 representative memters' Association should say a few words." Mr. Black<br />
bers of Chicago's heating trade, arranged by the expressed the appreciation of the association members<br />
Kewanee Boiler Co., whose new $950,000 plant ex for the hearty welcome, and the fine opportunity of<br />
tension in Kewanee, 111., has just been completed. Be seeing boilers and radiators made.<br />
ginning at the Chicago Union Station the members<br />
Mr. Baker said as an office boy he had made the<br />
of the Chicago Master <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>s' Association, en<br />
acquaintance of Sam Pope of Chicago, and asked him<br />
gineers and manufacturers, found the cordial grip of<br />
to say a few words as the oldest steam fitter. Mr.<br />
capable Kewanee hands, which guided their pleasures<br />
Pope responded saying that he was one of the two<br />
throughout the day.<br />
original <strong>org</strong>anizers of the steam fitters' association,<br />
The special train on the C. B. & Q. left promptly at<br />
and said that he was happy to be with them at this<br />
8:30 o'clock a. m. under the personal supervision of<br />
time.<br />
Vice-President B. F. Baker, and R. B. Dickson, man<br />
Charles Kroeschell was introduced as the oldest<br />
ager of sales of Chicago office. Every one was given<br />
boiler maker, and in a happy little speech offered a<br />
an appropriate badge showing a Kewanee boiler, while<br />
toast to the future success of the boiler company which<br />
Secretary J. P. Dugger and Salesmanager H. E. Pursell<br />
introduced everyone to his neighbor. L. D. Cal<br />
was responded to unanimously.<br />
kins, J. C. Thompson and M. W. Maloney passed It looked as though C. V. Kellogg would be the<br />
cigars and cigarettes, which upheld their reputation as next speaker, but Mr. Baker said that he would have<br />
smoke producers in direct opposition to Kewanee to disqualify him as he' happened to be a director of<br />
principles. In* this case there was no coal to be saved. the company, and asked Isador Weil to speak for the<br />
W. A. Pittsford and C. C. Hughes started the card jobbers. A graceful tribute to the company was also<br />
lovers on their way, while others talked shop or en made by D. M. F<strong>org</strong>an, of the American Radiator Co.<br />
joyed the scenery and the Kewanee quartette which<br />
entertained with vocal selections.<br />
TRIP THROUGH THE PLANT<br />
Arriving at Kewanee at 11:45, President E. E.<br />
Baker, M. F. Moore, H. D. Cherry, E. F. Wagner Autombiles then took the guests to the plant whe<br />
and others of the company were at the station to wel guides escorted small groups through it explaining the<br />
come the visitors and escort them to the Parkside various processes of manufacture, from the office en<br />
Hotel for luncheon. Headed by the Rotary Fife and trance into the south end of the new addition which<br />
PLANT OF THE KEWANEE BOILER CO. AT KEWANEE, ILL.
466 P"L UMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 22, 1920<br />
embodies the latest ideas in factory construction, framing<br />
being of structural steel and the side walls being<br />
almost entirely of ribbed glass.<br />
In the plate room were great piles of various sizes<br />
of steel plates ready for fabrication. A hugh electric<br />
magnet carries them off with the greatest ease and<br />
deposits them gently at a waiting machine. Two<br />
slowly moving wheels with thin edges together round<br />
the ends of a plate as a couple of men guide it<br />
through the cutting wheels. The power of the punching<br />
machines is fascinating. At a given word and the<br />
pressure of a lever, the die is released and cuts a 2-in.<br />
hole in the 11/16's iron as easily as a conductor<br />
punches a railroad ticket. Power-driven forming rolls<br />
bend the plates in any desired shape, in their progress<br />
toward the assembling room.<br />
The sign language is in vogue around the riveting<br />
towers, as talking in competition with hundreds of<br />
pneumatic hammers is impossible. In a long double<br />
line anvils of various sizes like hugh elephant tusks<br />
point upward, with a platform around eaeb. A boiler<br />
in the making is swung upward by a crane and is<br />
raised, lowered or turned so that the red hot rivets<br />
may be hammered tight. After putting tubes in<br />
them and giving them a few finishing touches, testing<br />
and painting they are ready for shipment with their<br />
grates, doors, and firing tools.<br />
The grey iron foundry with its busy cupalo men,<br />
molders and helpers make grates, doors and other<br />
cast parts. The core and store rooms were inspected<br />
before passing to the radiator department.<br />
VISITORS INTERESTED IN PROCESSES<br />
OFFICERS AND SALESMEN OF THE KEWANEE BOILER CO.<br />
The visitors spent much time in the radiator core<br />
room, foundry assembling and testing rooms and were<br />
greatly interested in the care taken with every casting.<br />
The warehouse brought out much favorable comment<br />
as did the power house and machine shop.<br />
The return trip began at 5:30 and the hosts had<br />
arranged for a diner at each end of the train where<br />
a course dinner was delightfully served and keenly<br />
enjoyed. After the cigars, impression of the day<br />
were exchanged and the vote was unanimous that the<br />
Kewanee Boiler Co. as a host was peerless and as an<br />
institution has' a most remarkable personnel which<br />
makes it easy to see why it has enjoyed such a remarkable<br />
growth and success as briefly told in the<br />
little chronicle by J. P. Dugger which everyone received.<br />
Chicago Heating Engineers Plan for<br />
Coming Season<br />
It was decided at the annual meeting of the Illinois<br />
Chapter of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating<br />
Engineers, held October 11, in the Chicago<br />
Engineers' Club, to appoint chairmen for the meetings<br />
of the entire year and announce the subjects of discussion<br />
by November 1. The topic of smoke prevention<br />
was thought to be of great importance, and the<br />
committee in charge of an investigation to recommend<br />
means of eliminating this nuisance, is to be continued<br />
with C. F. Newport, chairman.<br />
After the usual dinner at 6:30 o'clock the meeting<br />
was opened by Vice-President J. C. Hornung in the<br />
absence of President John Howlett, who expressed his<br />
regret at being unable to attend because of illness, and<br />
thanked the members for their assistance during his<br />
administration and promised to give his best efforts in<br />
any capacity he may be called upon. A committee was<br />
appointed consisting of J. W. Hubbard, C. C. Cheney<br />
Secretary J. P. Vice-President B. F. President E.E.Baker Vice-President M. F. Sales Manager<br />
Dugger Baker and Director Moore H. E. Pursell<br />
C. V. Kellogg<br />
and August Kehm to take suitable action on the death<br />
of former member W. C. Bronough.<br />
Five new members were added by the election of<br />
W. J. Uhlhome, C. D. Allen, R. G. Rosenbach, J. C.<br />
Iiurger and R. B. Dickson. A report from the research<br />
committee told of its activities from all firms<br />
interested in the advance of heating and ventilating.<br />
The tellers, Messrs. Lewis, Chubb and Johnson, reported<br />
the following officers elected: President J. C.<br />
Hornung; vice-president, E. J. Claffy; treasurer, August<br />
Kehm ; secretary, Ben Nelson and new members<br />
of the council, John Howlett, J. W. Hubbard and<br />
Frank Van Inwegan.<br />
President Howlett expressed his pleasure on the<br />
honor conferred upon him and expressed the hope<br />
that all the members would take as big an interest as<br />
during the past year in the very important work that<br />
would be taken up.<br />
W. E. Clow, Jr., Returning from Europe<br />
W. E. Clow, Jr., vice-president of James B. Clow &<br />
Sons, Chicago, who with his wife and family has been<br />
spending several months in Europe, sails for the L'nited<br />
States on October 16.
October 22. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 467<br />
Big Turnout at Eastern Supply Meeting<br />
Members' Attention Occupied with Addresses Outlining the<br />
Conditions Which Obtained during the Reconstruction Period<br />
Information in reference to the conditions obtaining<br />
in the business world and in the field occupied by<br />
its members engaged the attention of the record breaking<br />
number of 300 at the opening of the annual meeting<br />
of the Eastern Supply Association, in Hotel Astor<br />
on Wednesday, October 13.<br />
President Joseph F. Evans opened the, meeting<br />
which was soon engaged with its important work, not<br />
the least important of which was the election of six<br />
new members. After disposing of the routine business,<br />
disposing of a talk on credits by G. S. Boteler, a<br />
member of the executive committee of the National<br />
Credit Men's Association, was entirely different from<br />
what was expected. He spoke of astounding conditions<br />
prevailing, pointing out that Europe owned the<br />
United States three billions of dollars and was reluctant<br />
to pay it at the present rate of exchange. Also<br />
that one-tbird of the assets of Europe were destroyed<br />
by the war and in order for Europe to settle its debts<br />
with the United States it would be necessary for this<br />
country to accept in trade the things which the other<br />
fellow could make and which it could use, even though<br />
at some sacrifice to the United States. The necessity<br />
for thrifty economy was shown by the statement that<br />
when a woman went to buy a $40.00 coat with the<br />
money in her pocket, she was persuaded to pay the<br />
$40.00 down and accept a $150 coat, owing a balance<br />
of $110, and that practice held good right straight<br />
through whether it was pianos, Victrolas, automobiles<br />
or other things. Credits could not be on a safe basis.<br />
PRESIDENT-ELECT A. M. MADDOCKS<br />
Further, nobody had been frank or careful. The expense<br />
of the luxury of a strike was illustrated in a<br />
striking manner and the conditions that were fast<br />
coming into effect in which merchants and mechanics<br />
would both find themselves in a hard fix. He also<br />
said that letting down of the moral code, extravagance<br />
and over indulgence had made for unhappiness<br />
all around, stressing the importance of giving up living<br />
on the installment plan and the necessity of getting<br />
down to hard work.<br />
Secretary Frank S. Hanley then pointed out that<br />
there was an income of $19,800 and an expenditure<br />
of $14,804 and a balance of $4996 with $1000 in Liberty<br />
Bonds. Further that the credit bureau<br />
since its establishment had collected 80 per<br />
cent of the one million dollars' worth of<br />
PRESIDENT JOSEPH F. EVANS<br />
claims that had been placed with it. He stated that 9<br />
new members were elected at the February meeting, 8<br />
at the June meeting and 6 at this meeting, making an<br />
increase for the year of 23 members and with 3 members<br />
resigning tbe net gain was 20 and the total enrolled<br />
at the present time 294. He reported that the<br />
joint meeting of the Eastern Supply and the Central<br />
Supply Associations at Niagara Falls had induced the<br />
board to suggest that action be taken to provide for<br />
joint meetings at intervals to be set by the officers of<br />
the two bodies and such an action was taken.<br />
TALK BV WILLIAM J. WOOLLEY<br />
William J. Woolley, director of the National Trade<br />
Extension Bureau, was then introduced stating that<br />
his presence in New York was to meet with the<br />
Eastern members of the finance committee. He had<br />
been in New Jersey to inaugurate educational work<br />
by means of lectures perfected by the Bureau. He had<br />
learned that New York had not been sold on the<br />
Trade Extension idea and has not given to the proposition<br />
the financial support that is its proportion. The<br />
expenditures of the Bureau have been audited and<br />
will be laid before the members for study so that<br />
they may see that a great deal has been produced for<br />
the dollar expended. Already 359 local associations<br />
are getting the literature and the lectures of the<br />
Bureau, which was preparing members to understand<br />
how to be successful under the conditions now confronting<br />
them. He called attention to the sale of<br />
plumbing goods not keeping pace with that of pianos,<br />
automobiles, Victrolas, better salesmanship, being used<br />
in the other lines. The Bureau is endeavoring to<br />
make the plumber realize his duty to become a better
468 PLUMBER AND STEAM FIT.TER October 22. 1920<br />
salesman. As the result of the work of the Bureau<br />
an increase in membership in the National Association<br />
of 2000 has been made. He said the Bureau is<br />
the balance wheel in the industry and 17,000 master<br />
plumbers are working with it. If the plumber vvill not<br />
give attention to the literature and study it, be is not<br />
doing justice to his job or his business. The Bureau<br />
is a means of swapping ideas and while swapping dollars<br />
did not enrich, swapping ideas makes everybody<br />
better off. He stated that he did not want some jobbers<br />
to be importuned to pay more than their share<br />
but wanted all the jobbers to pay a fair share. He<br />
knows that some jobbers are knocking the Bureau<br />
and advised the loyal members to make the knocker<br />
prove his statement because as a rule he was lazy and<br />
ignorant of the facts in the case.<br />
United States Senator Calder was then introduced<br />
and stated that as the result of his motion the President<br />
of the Senate had appointed a committee of five<br />
to look into the home and general building business,<br />
most of this work having been stopped during 1917<br />
and 1918 as the result of the war orders of the administration.<br />
He had protested against this action and<br />
thought it would be better to save the money and<br />
labor engaged in producing fancy furniture and similar<br />
things and continue the provision of homes for<br />
the natural increase in population. After the armistice<br />
was signed a new ruling was urged to encourage<br />
building but the men were engaged in other lines<br />
and could not be readily brought back. In 1919 onetenth<br />
as many homes were built as in 1916, and in<br />
1920 one-half as many as in 1919, or one-twentieth<br />
as many as in 1916. Further he pointed out that some<br />
scheme must be devised that will accomplish the reduction<br />
of prices without any drastic effect. There<br />
is need of modifying the income tax and re<strong>org</strong>anizing<br />
the taxation system, which will be pretty hard as<br />
demagogues will cry class favoritism, which means<br />
difficult work in education of the average man to see<br />
that it is to his interest that adjustment must be made.<br />
The solution of the problem in which all are interested<br />
i.s that money must be attracted back to mortgage investment.<br />
After a hearty applause the meeting was adjourned<br />
for luncheon and a general exchange of opinions.<br />
After the lunch hour Walter Drew, counsel for the<br />
electrical trade, spoke on the unsettled conditions in<br />
the labor field and the necessity of swinging toward<br />
the open shop as labor unions had become unbearably<br />
autocratic. He pointed out the need for the employer<br />
getting in closer touch with his employees in order<br />
that he might have a more correct and comprehensive<br />
idea of the situation and through this enlightenment<br />
shake off the shackles of the trade unionism.<br />
President Evans gave an address which dealt on<br />
the observations he had been enabled to make during<br />
his administration. When he entered office brass<br />
goods and soil pipe were a drug on the market but<br />
now they were very scarce. He said he had distinctlv<br />
pleasant recollections of the work of his term and<br />
it had been a privilege. He was greeted with applause.<br />
John McClure Case then presented the report of<br />
the nominating committee and on motion the secretary<br />
cast one ballot and elected the following officers:<br />
President, A. M. Maddock, Trenton, N. J.; vicepresidents,<br />
Frank W. Hubbard, Boston, Mass., and<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e E. Keenan, Bayonne, N. J.; treasurer, Martin<br />
Behrer, New York City; secretary, Frank S. Hanlev,<br />
261 Broadway, New York City; board of directors,<br />
A. M. Maddock, Frank W. Hubbard, Ge<strong>org</strong>e E. Keenan.<br />
Martin Behrer, Philip J. Faherty, C. W. Fell,<br />
John A. Murray, Frank T. Stevens, R. A.* Tate,<br />
James A. Messer and A. A. Tomlinson; representatives<br />
of the national committee of the Confederated<br />
Supply Association, John A. Murray, Devvitt Cook,<br />
A. D. McLeod, Floyd Owens and H. W. Thorndike;<br />
representatives to the National Chamber of Commerce,<br />
Joseph F. Evans and G. R. Adams.<br />
John A. Murray offered a resolution that a committee<br />
of three be appointed to procure a fitting testimonial<br />
for the retiring president.<br />
After a discussion of various matters of minor importance<br />
the annual meeting came to its close and<br />
Past President Evans held an ovation to receive the<br />
congratulations for his good work and best wishes for<br />
his future. In the absence of President Maddock and<br />
Vice-president Hubbard, Mr. Evans said they would<br />
make their bow to the association members at the next<br />
meeting.<br />
Catalogue of Carey Products<br />
Catalogue No. 1362 issued by the Philip Carey Co.,<br />
Lockland, Cincinnati, Ohio, entitled "Carey Asbestos<br />
and Magnesia Products, Pipe and Boiler Coverings,"<br />
contains 72 pages. It is profusely and very artistically<br />
illustrated presenting the many Carey Products in<br />
a pleasing and helpful way.<br />
The tables, graphs and technical information are<br />
found conveniently arranged. Copies may be obtained<br />
by addressing the Philip Carey Co.<br />
The Warren Stocks<br />
Illustrated is the line of Warren stocks, manufactured<br />
by the Borden Co., Warren, Ohio, which are<br />
equipped for cutting two sizes of pipe without<br />
change of dies and with one change of bushing. The<br />
Xo. 121 stock is of particular interest to plumbers and<br />
fitters as it is a very light little tool and cuts */> and<br />
No. 123<br />
THE WARREN STOCKS<br />
y-'m. pipe with the same set of dies, carrying one<br />
extra bushing.<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s will find this stock especially useful for<br />
cutting in close places. The handles may be taken<br />
out of stock and the extension part of the stock is<br />
sufficiently long to allow the wrench being used on<br />
this. It takes the place of a ratchet stock and threads<br />
can be cut readily with nothing more than the stock<br />
and a Stillson wrench. This feature especially recommends<br />
it for use in connection with jobbing work
October 22. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 469<br />
President Durkin Surprises New Jersey information from the Trade Extension Bureau. He<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
further urged that the association agree to defend their<br />
fellow members against slander.<br />
The Handwriting on the Wall as Shown by This Meeting Indi^<br />
National Director Harry J. Farrell, thanked the<br />
cates That the Prestige and Prosperity Which Is the <strong>Plumber</strong>'s North Hudson Association for their support during<br />
Right, Is Soon to Be Achieved. It Inspires Confident Hope his administration and expressed his pleasure in being<br />
able to bring the National President to the meeting<br />
A number of surprises occurred at the meeting of<br />
and refused to use more time.<br />
the executive officers of the New Jersey Association of<br />
William J. Woolley, director of the National Trade<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s with the West Hoboken Association<br />
Extension Bureau of the National Association, was<br />
in Masonic Hall, West Hoboken, N. J., on Tuesday,<br />
the next speaker. He stated that every master plumber<br />
October 12. National Director Harry J. Farrell on<br />
should read the charge Judge Pollock gave at Des<br />
Moines to the men who were indicted on the trade<br />
his way to attend the meeting, met National Presi<br />
protection policy of previous times, calling attention<br />
dent D. F. Durkin, Jr., on the train and immediately<br />
to the fact that it is now possible for the association<br />
he drafted him for the guest of President William<br />
to make the Trade Extension Bureau the most useful<br />
T. J. Orriss.<br />
thing ever brought into the plumbing industry. Then<br />
Among those present were State President William<br />
it used a trade paper campaign of advertising and<br />
A. Snudden', Morristown, N. J.; State Treasurer<br />
this had been a great help in getting the Trade Exten<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e H. Werner, Orange, N. J.; State Secretary<br />
sion Bureau started. It has since been financed by<br />
Walter Grube, Newark, N. J.; State Organizer Wil<br />
the manufacturers, jobbers and various associations of<br />
liam F. Beck, Orange, N. J.; Past State Secretary<br />
men who are interested in it. As the result of send<br />
Joseph A. Durr, Montclair, N.<br />
ing its literature to 7000 non-members 2000 have now<br />
J.; Past State President Joseph<br />
joined the National association. He called attention<br />
A. Sproul, Jersey City ; William<br />
to the inability of a non-member to get all the infor<br />
Delhagen, Paterson; President<br />
mation sent out by the Trade Extension Bureau as it<br />
Wilfred Walker and Vice-presi<br />
comes through the association. He urged all members<br />
dent William M. Smith of the<br />
to see that tbe firms from whom they buy goods know<br />
new Eastern Bergen Association;<br />
they are deriving a benefit from the Trade Extension<br />
also C. Viebeg, James Yorke,<br />
Bureau as this will tend to make those firms support<br />
August Krieger, Charles Zim<br />
the'Bureau more loyally. He mentioned the research<br />
merman, William V<strong>org</strong>, Alex<br />
work being done by the Bureau. He also stated<br />
Phane and T. Geist.<br />
that all should be alert, on the watch and grasp new<br />
President Durkin stated he was ideas and put them into practice. There is enough<br />
impressed with the ceremony by<br />
business, if there was not another building built in the<br />
which the new members became<br />
United States for some time, to keep every journey<br />
allied with the <strong>org</strong>anization and man going for 28<br />
with the New Jersey work to increase<br />
the membership. He called<br />
T. E. B. DIRECTOR<br />
attention to the wonderful oppor<br />
WILLIAM J. tunity offered by the instruction<br />
WOOLLEY<br />
sent out from the Trade Extension<br />
Bureau by National Director W.<br />
J. Woolley to insure the success plumbing contractors.<br />
He advocated a change from the narrow, selfish policy<br />
of protection to the trade which got the National into<br />
trouble because some features in it were wrong, stating<br />
that the new National policy will bind no member<br />
to any action or agreement that will restrict any man's<br />
rights. Further the crisis having passed it is now the<br />
operative plan that is not productive of the profits<br />
duty of all to make the most of the period of reconstruction.<br />
He called attention to the supply house cosome<br />
are over eager to get, mentioning that plumbers<br />
have a far better co-operative plain in their Trade Extension<br />
Bureau, with its fine principles and sentiments.<br />
He urged that every effort be made to teach plumbers<br />
to avoid obstacles through the establishment of a high<br />
esteem for the service rendered by them, that they<br />
keep out of pooling schemes.He called attention to the<br />
fact that the National convention had advocated the<br />
principle of open shop, for although there was no<br />
objection to the right kind of agreement with the<br />
journeymen, all should beware of those agreements<br />
which will bring them under the enforcement of the<br />
Clayton act from penalties of which the journeyman<br />
is secure. He urged Jerseymen to increase their<br />
membership very substantially and expressed the hope<br />
that the two "Bills" will achieve tbeir ambition to<br />
raise the membership of the New Jersey Association<br />
to 1000, suggesting that they use in their meetings an<br />
hour for educational work and for the use of the<br />
I/ _ years bringing properties up to<br />
date that are not provided with the right kind of<br />
house drainage systems.<br />
For example he stated that in Salem, Ore., visits<br />
had been made to six houses, that cost about $6000<br />
each before the war, and it was found that four of<br />
them had no plumbing and two only a portion of<br />
what they shou'd have. It was learned that there<br />
were Victrolas, pianos, automobiles, electric lights and<br />
other things but bees use nobody urged them to buy<br />
one they were still without the bathroom. In closing<br />
he again returned to the subject of the lectures, stating<br />
that the first one was sent out and so was the<br />
second, but the third lecture, which deals with heating,<br />
must be asked for because some of the influential<br />
factors in the Bureau do not want to increase competition<br />
by sending it broadcast. The fourth lecture<br />
on accounting must be applied for as must those on<br />
salesmanship and operating a shop under scientific<br />
management.<br />
State President William A. Snudden then thanked<br />
the North Hudson Association for three good men<br />
on the board of directors and thanked National President<br />
Durkin and National Trade Extension Bureau<br />
Director William J. Woolley for their encouragement,<br />
saying that he was more than ever determined<br />
to do everything possible to raise the New Jersey<br />
membership to 1000.<br />
Frank K. Chew was then introduced as a friend of<br />
the association and spoke of the change in the paper<br />
and that the new PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER would<br />
merit the approval of all present. He then pointed<br />
out that the least expensive factor in a sale or a<br />
contract was the salesmanship which secured the<br />
price and did the business. He cited the unnecessary
470 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 22. 1920<br />
modesty felt in reference to the sale of some plumbing<br />
fixtures to women and urged that those who knew<br />
that homes needed such fixtures, cultivate the art of<br />
bringing this kind of fixtures to attention in a tactful<br />
manner and thereby in crease their business in plumbing.<br />
L. Lawler of The <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Trade Journal stated<br />
that it was certain that the trade papers would<br />
do their part in making widely known the value of<br />
the Trade Extension Bureau, as he had traveled with<br />
Mr. Woolley and knew how the information he had<br />
given had been received and the benefit that had attended<br />
its use.<br />
State Organizer William F. Beck stated that in his<br />
work of traveling two weeks with Frank Fell in<br />
Trenton speaking of the value of the Trade Extension<br />
Bureau 33 out of 35 men has been secured as<br />
members of that association and he believed that the<br />
necessity of making plumbers better business men<br />
would be a strong appeal in carrying out the plan of<br />
increasing the New Jersey membership to 1000. Hestated<br />
that they should begin by being business men<br />
and that they should not overlook the valuable help<br />
that they have received from the trade papers which<br />
will now be supplemented by the work of the Trade<br />
Extension Bureau.<br />
President Orriss stated that while there were many<br />
other friends that he would be glad to hear from he<br />
must declare the meeting adjourned until the fourth<br />
Thursday of the month, which will be October 28.<br />
The party did not disperse at once and Mr. Woolley<br />
explained some of the branches of the Trade Extension<br />
Bureau which he had with him.<br />
Michigan Chapter Engineers<br />
The October meeting of the Michigan Chapter of<br />
the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers<br />
was held on Monday, October 11 with President<br />
E. E. McNair in the chair. This meeting was<br />
addressed by D. N. Kennedy, President of the Detroit<br />
Heating & Plumbing Contractors' Association on<br />
the American Plan of Employment, and the discussion<br />
which followed Mr. Kennedy's talk indicated considerable<br />
interest in the subject. A discussion of the<br />
business affairs of the society and the chapter followed,<br />
and plans for the coming year's work were discussed.<br />
The officers of the Michigan Chapter gave a dinner<br />
in Toledo recently to a number of Toledo men who<br />
were eligible to membership in the society and extended<br />
an invitation to them to become members of the<br />
Michigan Chapter. As a result of this meeting 14<br />
applications from Toledo men were received, and it is<br />
expected at least 10 others will follow.<br />
The Michigan Chapter has arranged to hold at least<br />
two of its meetings in Toledo this season.<br />
Eastern Golfers Close Year<br />
The fall meet of the Eastern Trade Golf Association<br />
was held on the links of the Upper Montclair<br />
Country Club through the courtesy of A. S. Armagnac,<br />
accepted by the tournament committee, Ge<strong>org</strong>e M.<br />
Scott, Ge<strong>org</strong>e E. Keenan, W. H. Driscoll and Conway<br />
Kiewitz. The members provided plenty of players<br />
who, with the guests, made a total of 54 players.<br />
In the 18-hole medal play handicap the prize winners<br />
had handicaps varying considerably and the scratch<br />
men were near at hand. These scores were placed on<br />
the board by M. Wettstein, Domestic Engineering, who<br />
assumed the duties of the clerk of the course, relieving<br />
Secretary Bookhout and Captain Garfield of an ardu-<br />
THK SCRATCIIMEN WHO SURPRISED ALL BY WINNING<br />
PRIZES JOSEPH I. SIMMONS AND CAPTAIN J. G.<br />
GARFIELD<br />
ous duty. After luncheon the players, arranged in<br />
foursomes, completed the play.<br />
After disposing of a fine menu in the evening President<br />
Cosgrove arose and immediately the chorus<br />
.singers under the lead of D. C. Chadwick ceased their<br />
melody and opened their ears.<br />
He stated that the association was fortunate for<br />
many things, among them for the sunshine that had<br />
been provided by Vice-President Hubbard, for the<br />
courses during the year secured by John Barnum,<br />
W. S. Rothwell and A. S. Armagnac, for one generous<br />
minded gentleman who had played the part of<br />
the host during the day, assuming all of the expenses<br />
for the luncheon, cigars, etc., so that the green fees<br />
and money that had been collected would be turned<br />
over to the treasury for the credit of the dues of the<br />
players for the next year. He asked all to express<br />
their appreciation to James M. Heatherton of The<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Trade Journal, who had dispensed this hospitality<br />
and in his absence asked Leslie M. Heatherton<br />
to speak.<br />
Mr. Heatherton said that if he had known he would<br />
be called upon for a speech he would have foregone<br />
the pleasure of the reunion as he was not a speech<br />
maker, because to entertain such a bunch of good fellows<br />
was to be overwhelmed with such kindly expressions<br />
as had been made.<br />
President Cosgrove then presented the various<br />
prizes. P. H. Driggs with a score of 92-14-78, won<br />
the auto lunch set and case presented by the John<br />
Simmons Co.; E. L. Strickland with a score of 93-14-<br />
79, a golf bag presented by the E. F. Keating Co.<br />
Frank J. Oliver with 97-18-79 the silver coffee set presented<br />
by Warren, Webster & Co.; R. G. Bookhout<br />
with 115-36-79, the fine silk umbrella presented by<br />
the C. S. Wood Co.; Ge<strong>org</strong>e E. Keenan with 100-<br />
20-80, a dozen golf balls presented by the W G Cor<br />
nell Co.; C. S. Wood with 104-24-80 another dozen<br />
golf balls presented by W. G. Cornell Co.
October 22, 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
J. S. Weaver secured the fine camera with an<br />
astimatic lens presented by PLUMBER AXD STEAM<br />
PITTER for the best two scorces of the season and won<br />
with total of 157. E. F. Keating won the flask presented<br />
by J. D. Erskine of the" American Radiator<br />
Co. His score was 96-5-91.<br />
^ The president congratulated the two scratch men,<br />
Captain J. B. Garfield and Joseph I. Simmons, on winning<br />
the first prize in the best ball foursome without<br />
handicap and a net score of 75. This was a popular<br />
win and the scratch men were cordially greeted and<br />
congratulated on their good luck.<br />
The second prize in the best ball foursome won by<br />
D. C. Chadwick and H. I. Reeves who selected the<br />
two brassies presented by the association. A. S.<br />
Armagnac and M. Readey secured each a fine pocket<br />
knife. Special prizes were awarded to W. H. Burnett<br />
and J. M. Kreiner which were orders on Low &<br />
Hughes for sporting goods.<br />
Hearty congratulations were then extended to Mr.<br />
Armagnac and a vote of thanks given to the Upper<br />
Montclair Country Club for its hospitality. The meeting<br />
then adjourned.<br />
Western Trade Golf Tournament at Rockford<br />
The Western Trade Golf Association celebrated<br />
Columbus Day, October 12, bv a regular tournament<br />
at the Rockford Country Club, Rockford, 111. The<br />
very courteous invitation of Frank D. Keeler, Rockford<br />
Brass Co., brought out 25 members from Chicago<br />
to enjoy the day in charge of Captain E. W. Sanborn<br />
who secured a special car. The partv was met<br />
by automobiles. The association was favored with<br />
ideal weatber. The greens were in excellent shape<br />
and some fine scores made.<br />
Hugh Whitney won the association cup with a score<br />
nf 95, his nearest competitors being F. D. Keeler, J.<br />
Craig and C. H. Bishop, each having 81 net.<br />
The silver medal fob guest prize was captured by<br />
F. K. Houston, Rockford, with a score of 97.<br />
For the second time the Duffer's cup was won by<br />
master plumber, Robert E. Murphy with a gross of<br />
133. He will only have one more chance this season<br />
to annex it permanently.<br />
The morning qualifying round of 9 holes developed<br />
some rather Jow scores. Particularly good was the<br />
card of Frank D. Keeler with a 41 and J. H. Ryerson<br />
and FI. P. Mason each with a 45.<br />
After luncheon the members played 18 holes in<br />
foursomes. In addition to the flight prizes and association<br />
cup, the members participating were also interested<br />
in the various season prizes donated by the<br />
officers, PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER and the other<br />
trade papers, the contest for which closed with the<br />
Rockford meet.<br />
All were ready for the excellent chicken dinner at<br />
the club. Vice-president W. Wickersham with appropriate<br />
remarks distributed the prizes to the winners<br />
at the close of the dinner. After a speech by L.<br />
Bruce Fulton a vote of thanks were given to Mr.<br />
Keeler and officers of the Rockford Country Club.<br />
Nine and One-Half Pounds of Efficiency<br />
The electrically driven portable drill, manufactured<br />
by the James Clark, Jr., Electric Co., Louisville, Ky.,<br />
is compact, powerful and light. It maintains the high<br />
standard of durability embodied in all drills made by<br />
this company. It can be had for use with alternati-.~<br />
- Hirect current. It is cooled by a fan and the<br />
gears are grease encased. It is also equipped with<br />
a ball bearing spindle and armature. The spindle i.<br />
made of high grade steel, turned and ground. The<br />
gears are treated nickel steel.<br />
These drills are of special interest to plumbers and<br />
.team fitters where electricity is available. They afford<br />
an easy and rapid method of drilling holes in<br />
steel, iron or other materials through which the<br />
plumber and steam fitter are compelled to make holes.<br />
ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN PORTABLE DRILL<br />
It i.s particularly interesting in that unless it is<br />
used there is no great overhead involved in carrying<br />
it. And when it is being used it is paying for itself<br />
in a saving of time and labor and makes for a greater<br />
efficiency of the men on the job. The result is that<br />
the initial cost is so small that the apparatus returns<br />
a very high profit on the investment. Further than<br />
that, it has a direct effect on the moral of the men<br />
in the shop. It eliminates the drudgery attached to<br />
drilling holes with a hand driven tool, conserving their<br />
energy for the things which must be done by hand<br />
and in this way accomplishes the work for which<br />
it is designed, more rapidly than could be done by<br />
hand, the conserved energy resulting in greater efficiency<br />
on the work done by hand.<br />
Full information as to the sizes, prices, etc., can<br />
be had from the manufacturer at the above address.<br />
Deatli of John F. Wolff<br />
At tbe home of his daughter Carla, 3649 Pinegrove<br />
avenue, Chicago, 111, on October 18, John F. Wolff<br />
died at the age of 63 years. He had been in poor<br />
health for more than a year. Mr. Wolff was the<br />
eldest son of Ludwig Wolff, founder of the L. Wolff<br />
Alanufacturing Co., in which he served through a<br />
regular training and worked his way to the presidency.<br />
He was more recently interested in the Monument<br />
Pottery Co., Trenton, N. J., of which he was president.<br />
Mr. Wolff was educated in the Chicago schools,<br />
Racine College and Hanover University, Germany.<br />
He was a man of public spirit and genial disposition.<br />
He was the first and sixteenth president of the Central<br />
Supply Association and held in highest esteem by<br />
the members. He had served as a members of the<br />
Chicago Board of Education, the Chicago Athletic<br />
Association, the Chicago Press Club and the South<br />
Shore Country Club. His work in Masonic circles<br />
won him the honor of being a 33rd degree Scottish<br />
Rite Mason. He is survived by one daughter and<br />
two sons, four brothers and one sister. His funeral<br />
was held on October 21 under the auspices of the<br />
Appollo Commandery, Knights Templar. Interment<br />
was in Waldheim Cemetery.
472 PLUMBERANDSTEAMFITTER October 22, 1920<br />
iiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiuiii nun IIIIIIII IIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiinii IIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII i in iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini<br />
THE MARKET<br />
STEAM GOODS<br />
New York Comments<br />
The noticeable improvement in deliveries by railroad<br />
is reflected in improved conditions for the heating contractor.<br />
The demand for boilers and radiators shows<br />
the same hesitancy on the part of buvers and is<br />
therefore below normal for this time of the season.<br />
The demand for repair parts is somewhat larger than<br />
normal. Most manufacturers report plenty of small<br />
boilers and a somewhat better ability to make delivery<br />
on the larger sizes. Fair stocks of radiation are reported<br />
in one or two instances. However, the majority<br />
of stocks are depleted with the output and demand<br />
plus filling of back orders balancing. The<br />
present high price of coal indicates a continuance of<br />
present prices until back orders are filled.<br />
PLUMBING GOODS<br />
Black and galvanized steel pipe shipments continue<br />
to show slight improvement. Stocks of both galvanized<br />
and wrought iron pipe are very low, many jobbers<br />
being entirely out of the smaller sizes. The price<br />
still remains firm with indications that no immediate<br />
recession will be made. The demand continues to<br />
slow up although back orders are keeping mills busy<br />
and depleting jobbers' stocks as fast as shipments<br />
arrive.<br />
Enameled and vitreous ware continue to improve although<br />
buying is sluggish and mostly in small lots..<br />
No accumulation for jobbers' stock is as vet possible.<br />
Many patterns are entirely out of stock with deliveries<br />
for same ranging anywhere from three weeks to three<br />
months. Indications are that the prices of these commodities<br />
will remain firm. Deliveries of extra heavy<br />
cast iron soil pipe and fittings show improvement.<br />
Medium and standard soil pipe and fittings are scarce,<br />
many stocks being entirely depleted with manv sizes<br />
of fittings very hard to get. Buying is limited to the<br />
very barest needs.<br />
The demand for steam brass goods for repair workis<br />
strong and slight improvement shown in making<br />
shipments by the factories. Stocks of brass pipe are<br />
low, particularly in the smaller sizes. <strong>Plumber</strong>s' brass<br />
' shows some improvement. However, many items are<br />
hard to get. Prices are holding firm with very little<br />
indication of any immediate recession. Buyers are<br />
purchasing for immediate needs only.<br />
Chicago Comments<br />
It seems to be the opinion among both manufacturers<br />
and supply house men that there will be no<br />
radical reduction in prices for plumbing and heating<br />
goods as have been witnessed in other lines. Present<br />
prices are based on costs of labor and materials, and<br />
until these go down there is little possibility of any<br />
price revisions for most items. Manufacturers have<br />
a good volume of orders on their books, and jobbers<br />
have been exchanging for some time in order to supply<br />
their trade. The supply of material in the Chicago<br />
district is very far from being satisfactory, although<br />
deliveries are improving. The only change<br />
noted recently is a reduction of $10.00 a ton in standard<br />
soil pipe and fittings. Extra heavy material has<br />
been reduced $11.00.<br />
Pig Iron—There seems to be a dead-lock between<br />
buyers and sellers with price being the bone of contention.<br />
New business is being held up, while reselling is<br />
quite active. Foundries are busy and the usual quotation<br />
for northern No. 2 foundry is $46 to $47.<br />
Copper—New lists have been issued by leading<br />
manufacturers, and Chicago jobbers' prices on sheet<br />
are now 27X cents mill base.<br />
Tin—Prices are lower today than they have been<br />
for three years, and the market has a decidedly weak<br />
tone. A quotation of 42 cents New York for Straits<br />
is nominal, and has failed to create much interest.<br />
Chicago dealers now quote pig tin at 44J cents<br />
and plumbers' 25 ^ cents.<br />
Pig Iron<br />
The activity in resale prices indicates that those who<br />
have iron for spot dealing believe they can replace it<br />
at lower cost later and they are moving it out now.<br />
The price trend is down even at the furnaces but buying<br />
is not active.<br />
NEW YORK<br />
East Pa No. 1 fdv Sil 2.7S to 3.2S $55.52<br />
East Pa No. 2X fdy Sil 2.25 to 2.75 53 77<br />
East Pa No. 2 fdv Sil 1.75 to 2.25 5? 52<br />
Buffalo Sil 1.75 to 2.25 5446<br />
Virginia No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25 54.16<br />
CHICAGO<br />
Northern Coke No. 1 Sil 2.25 to 2.75.. $48 25<br />
Northern Coke fdv No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25 46 00<br />
Southern Coke fdy No. 1 Sil Soft 2.75 to 3.25..$5002 to 5187<br />
Southern Coke fdy No. 2 2.25 to 2.75.. 49.92 to 50 37<br />
Southern foundry Sil 1.75 to 2.25.. 48.67<br />
PHILADELPHIA<br />
Eastern Pa No. 2 Plain Sil 1.75 to 2.25 $52 26 to 52 54<br />
Eastern Pa No. 2X Sil 2.25 to 2.75 53.51 to 53.79<br />
Virginia No. 2 Plain Sil 1.75 to 2.25 53 74 to 55 74<br />
Virginia No. 2X Sil 2.25 to 2.75 54.99 to 56.99<br />
XT , CLEVELAND<br />
Northern No 2 fdy Sil 1.75 to 2.25 $46 56<br />
Southern fdy Sil 2.25 to 2.75 .' 49^92<br />
CINCINNATI<br />
Southern Coke Sil 1.75 to 2.25 (base price) $46 50<br />
Southern Coke Sil 2.25 to 2.75 (No. 2 Soft) 4775<br />
Southern Ohio No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25 (No. 2.... 48's2
October 22, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 473<br />
Pipe Cuffing and Threadincj Tools<br />
Beavers are complete one'piece tools with no<br />
extra parts to bother you. When you start on a job<br />
with Beavers you are sure you have f<strong>org</strong>otten no<br />
dies, bushings or other loose parts.<br />
When you change from one siz,e pipe to another<br />
it is not necessary to stop to take out one set cf<br />
dies and put in another—nor to take out one<br />
bushing and hunt around for the correct one.<br />
All you need do is: "move the handle."<br />
Order from your own jobber.<br />
THE BORDEN CO_MPANV<br />
WARREN,<br />
BORDEN-CANADIAN CO.<br />
OI_IO,U.S.A.<br />
110 CHUPvCH STREET, TORONTO<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when you write.
474 PLUMBER AND<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap Irou, Nezv York—Railroad material has<br />
dropped from $1 to $5 and the market is a waiting<br />
one with election and other matters complicating the<br />
situation.<br />
Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn are<br />
quoting to local foundries, per gross ton :<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $39.00 to $40.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast (columns, building materials,<br />
No. 1 heavy cast, not cupola size 28.00 to 29.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc) 28.00 to 29.00<br />
etc.), cupola size 38.00 to 39.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. diam., not under<br />
2 ft. long) 16.00 to 17.00<br />
Stove plate 24.50 to 25.50<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago—Prices are nominal and the<br />
market continues quiet. Dealers quote:<br />
No. 1 Cast $30.00<br />
Machine Shop Turnings • • 10.00<br />
Cast Borings 13.50<br />
Stove Plate 28.00<br />
Grate Bars 26.00<br />
Railroad Malleable 26.00<br />
Agricultural Malleable 25.00<br />
Countrv Mixed 17.00<br />
No. 1 Bushling 19.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York—The market continues depressed<br />
with prices a little lower. Dealers' buying<br />
prices are as follows:<br />
Cents<br />
per lb.<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible V4.75<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 14.00<br />
STEAM FITTER October 22, 1920<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 12.50<br />
Brass, heavy 8-50<br />
Brass, light 6.50<br />
Heavy machine composition 13.75<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 8.75<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turnings 11.75<br />
Lead, heavy • • 6.2_<br />
Lead, tea 4.00<br />
Zinc 5.25<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s. Chicago—Buying prices for old metal<br />
quoted bv Chicago dealers are about as follows:<br />
Red Brass 12<br />
Yellow Brass, heavy 8<br />
Yellow Brass, light W2<br />
Copper, heavy 12<br />
(Topper, light and bottoms 10,_<br />
Copper Clips 12<br />
Lead Pipe AA<br />
Tin Foil 27>/,<br />
Block Tin Pipe 32^<br />
Pewter No. 1 22J.<br />
Zinc ••• 4<br />
Soldered Joints 8^2<br />
Old Rubber—Heaviness of tone and uncertainity as<br />
to what prices really are mark trend of thfe market.<br />
Wholesale dealers buying quotations are :<br />
Boots and shoes 9.50 to 10.50<br />
Boots and shoes 5J-4<br />
Trimmed Arties 4 l A to 4?4<br />
Auto tires 2 to 2%<br />
Bicycle tires 1 to 1J4<br />
Solid tires 2 to 2'/J<br />
No. 1 inner tubes 9.50 to 10.50<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4>_<br />
Mixed red scrap 3->_ to 4<br />
Mixed black scrap \A to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose y to \A<br />
Garden hose y to 1<br />
Jenkins Standard Brass Y, or Blow-off Valves<br />
(Standard Pattern)<br />
FIGURE 124<br />
For 150 pounds working steam pressure;<br />
250 pounds working water pressure. Fitted<br />
with Jenkins discs and renewable seat<br />
rings. Have full opening nearly in line<br />
with the pipe. Particularly adapted for<br />
boiler blow-off service, also extensively<br />
used where thick fluids are handled.<br />
Screwed or flanged types.<br />
Genuine Jenkins Valves are known by the<br />
name and Jenkins Diamond Mark—at<br />
supply houses everywhere.<br />
JENKINS BROS.<br />
New York<br />
St. Louis<br />
Chicago<br />
Boston<br />
Montreal<br />
Philadelphia<br />
San Francisco<br />
London Havana<br />
Please mention SHEET METAL WORKER when you write.<br />
Washington<br />
Pittsburgh
October 22. 1920 P L U M B E R AND<br />
Old Rags—Falling away in amount of business has<br />
weakened the market so that price concessions are<br />
common. Wholesale dealers prices are:<br />
Xo. 1 whites $12.50<br />
No. 2 whites 5.50 to 5.75<br />
Thirds and Blues 3.25 to 3.50<br />
Straight garments 1.75 to 1.85<br />
Hard back carpets 1.50 to 1.60<br />
Soft back carpets 4.00 to 4.25<br />
Paper Stock—Easiness is the characteristic of a<br />
market that is not strong. Wholesale dealers' buying<br />
qualities for New York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $2.90 to $3.00<br />
Crumpled news 2.10 to 2.20<br />
Notes on Prices New York<br />
Linseed Oil—The market has been going down until<br />
it seems to have no bottom but at $1.15 per gallon<br />
in less than 5 bbl. lots it is holding though some<br />
concessions are reported below this price. In lots<br />
of 5 bbls. and over city raw American seed is quoted<br />
at $1.17 and out of town raw American seed is quoted<br />
at $1.17. In less than 5 bbl. lots 3c more per gallon is<br />
asked. Boiled oil brings 2c more than raw.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—Lack of demand and a pressure<br />
to sell is given as the reason for the price to be<br />
down. The market is weak and a 4c cut puts the<br />
wholesale price in machine barrels in yards at $1.29 per<br />
gallon.<br />
Rosin—Weakness in the market is noted with buyers<br />
believing that still lower prices will be made. On the<br />
basis of 280 lbs. to the barrel the wholesale price of<br />
common-to-good strained is $13.15. Grade D is $12.90.<br />
Iron and Steel Pipe—The National Tube Co. finally<br />
has succeeded in getting its shipments up to production,<br />
and while it has not made any cut in its accumulated<br />
stocks, at least it has not added to them in the<br />
past week. In view of the fact that this company has<br />
been piling more pipe than it has been shipping, for<br />
several weeks, it is patent that jobbers supplied by it<br />
must be somewhat better off in the matter of supplies<br />
than they have been. Independent companies bave<br />
been having better success than the leading interests<br />
in the matter of shipments. The demand for pipe,<br />
both lap weld and butt weld, still is large, but buying<br />
is of a more moderate character than it has been and<br />
premium business has disappeared. It is reported<br />
that the Interstate Commerce Commission extended<br />
order No. 107, allotting 60 cars daily for the shipment<br />
of oil country pipe to the West and Southwest,<br />
which expired October 11.<br />
Detroit Advertising Manager Marries<br />
H. Ross Mack, advertising manager of the Detroit<br />
Range Boiler & Steel Barrel Co., Detroit, Mich., was<br />
married to Miss Rowena Payton in Detroit on Tuesday,<br />
October 19. The many friends of the couple<br />
have been taking a keen interest in their honeymoon<br />
plans, but they have been kept such a profound secret<br />
that even "Weege" won't tell.<br />
STEAM FITTER 475<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when you write.<br />
vy / V vJ I ,1 Af] I\\M<br />
\ft PATENTED aT-* E&Sa<br />
FROST-PROOF<br />
CLOSETS<br />
are helping plumbers to<br />
build bigger business<br />
from existing buildings<br />
Your customers who are postponing<br />
new building operations will be glad<br />
to avail themselves of the convenience<br />
of the VOGEL in unheated places,<br />
such as the garage, back porch or yard.<br />
You can meet this demand<br />
with the YOGEL.<br />
It is simple to install.<br />
All ready assembled and<br />
tested when you get it.<br />
No pit needed.<br />
Ask your jobber or send<br />
to us for catalogue.<br />
Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
Wilmington<br />
Delaware<br />
Saves 2 to 3 Gallons of<br />
Water on Each Flushing<br />
Look at the problem with the eyes of an architect or<br />
building manager, and it will bring sales to you. Here is<br />
a closet that flushes perfectly on less water than others,<br />
and saves many dollars on the year's water bill.<br />
Watrous Duojet Closets have been specified this year<br />
in hundreds of new buildings—and remodelings.<br />
Two powerful, converging jets insure immediate action,<br />
a thorough flush, with no waste water. The Watrous<br />
Duojet principle has no crevices, lodges or zigzag passages<br />
which form objectionable fouling places.<br />
SIF-<br />
Write todav'for catalog of the Watrous line, -which<br />
includes drinking fountains, flushing valves, urinals.<br />
self-closing cooks, liquid soap fixture.., etc.<br />
THE IMPERIAL JBRASS MFG. CO.<br />
1223 W.JHarrisonJSt., Chicago, 111.<br />
i A3E9U,<br />
PATENT ^O<br />
PLUMBING m<br />
FIXTURES , 1<br />
JJJESF**K •8s&'
476 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER October 22, 1920<br />
The Barolmeters of American Business<br />
Week Ending October 15, 1920<br />
(Copyright by THF, STREET, Inc.)<br />
LW—Last Week (Shown by the Barometers) PW—Previous Week Y—Corresponding Week Last Year 1919—1919 Weekly average, taken as normal<br />
PW<br />
'f/f<br />
LY<br />
BUSINESS<br />
FAILURES<br />
(Dun's)<br />
(Number)<br />
LW 200<br />
PW 171<br />
LY 95<br />
1919 124<br />
BUILDING<br />
CONTRACTS<br />
(F. W. Dodge C<br />
(In Millions)<br />
$43.<br />
71.<br />
72}<br />
49<br />
PW<br />
LY<br />
LY<br />
W.<br />
• 9<br />
FOOD TIME BANK<br />
DEMAND<br />
LY<br />
PW ___-<br />
LY<br />
1 BANK STOCK SALES<br />
PRICES MONEY LOANS DEPOSITS CLEA<br />
(N. Y. Clearing<br />
(N. Y. Stock<br />
o.) (Annalist) (90 days<br />
(Index No.) (Mixed)<br />
262J 8%<br />
266t 8%<br />
282} 6%<br />
296 6'4%<br />
(N. Y. Clearing<br />
House)<br />
(In Millions)<br />
$5,414}<br />
5,393}<br />
5,354}<br />
5,012<br />
t Week ended Friday, } One week earlier than other barometers.<br />
(N. Y. Clearing<br />
House)<br />
( In Millions)<br />
$4,150}<br />
4,14.it<br />
4,182}<br />
4,051<br />
House)<br />
( 1 I Millions)<br />
$5,041}<br />
4,495}<br />
5.6181<br />
4,506<br />
Exchange)<br />
(Thousands of<br />
Shares)<br />
4.562t<br />
4.17.U<br />
6.490t<br />
6,017<br />
PW<br />
/?/f<br />
BOND<br />
SALES<br />
(N. Y. Stock<br />
Exchange)<br />
(In Thoustands)<br />
94.9871<br />
101,528t<br />
5S,401t<br />
72,523<br />
Summary of the Week's Developments the end of the week most of the declines had spent<br />
their force and the markets were rather unsettled.<br />
Decline of Four Points in Food Prices During Week<br />
There were no important developments in the metal<br />
markets during the week. All of them were dull and<br />
The decline in commodity prices is evidently re prices showed a downward tendency. Copper sold<br />
sulting in many losses through forced liquidation, ac down to 17 7-8 cents. There was not much trading in<br />
cording to The Street. The number of failures re iron and steel, although several of the railroads closed<br />
ported by Dun's during the past week has reached the contracts for steel requirements over the year. The<br />
200 mark, the largest in more than a year. The amount fuel markets were irregular. Reports from the mines<br />
of building that is being let also shows a more un indicate that fuel production is increasing and that the<br />
favorable condition, as there is a decline of- about 40 anthracite miners are back again to work. The price<br />
per cent from the previous week's high mark. The of coal is showing a sagging- tendency.<br />
decline in the price of building materials should help The foreign exchange market was irregular. In the<br />
bring this indicator up again, especially when declines middle of the week there was a sharp drop in rates<br />
have reached a more or less permanent level. Food on Italy but quotations for lira improved on Friday.<br />
prices declined four points during the week. The level Sterling declined early in the week but made a sub<br />
is now twenty points below the corresponding week stantial recovery later.<br />
last year and thirty-four points below last year's average.<br />
Call money was very slightly higher and time money<br />
remains the same at 8 per cent. Loans and deposits Hoosier Service—Water and Otherwise<br />
continue to show increases, with the loan increase Flint & Walling Manufacturing Co., Kendallville,<br />
three times as large as the increase in deposits. Bank Ind., has for distribution a neat and useful portfolio<br />
clearings through the New York Clearing House were entitled "Hoosier Water Service" which contains bul<br />
more than 10 per cent greater than tbe previous week, letins vividly illustrating the Hoosier water systems<br />
but smaller than the corresponding week last year, for shallow and deep wells of the various sizes as<br />
by about the same ratio.<br />
made by this company. The water systems, windmill<br />
The stock market was somewhat quieter. The br;nd and hand operated pumps are also described. Some of<br />
market also showed less business, although the volume the bulletins illustrate more in detail the pumping<br />
of trading in bonds was almost twice as large as the units as used in connection with the Hoosier water<br />
corresponding week last year.<br />
systems.<br />
Commodity prices still show a downward tendency. The plumber armed with this porfolio when visit<br />
Cotton and coffee show little change. Wheat closed ing a prospect can explain the Hoosier water system<br />
with a decline of 20 cents per bushel. Corn declined as lucidly and vividly as though he had the sample<br />
almost 7 cents per bushel. Raw sugar declined 1 1-4 outfit for demonstration. This portfolio can be had<br />
cents and refined sugar 2 cents per pound. Toward upon request of Flint & Walling Manufacturing Co.<br />
\
PLUMBER and<br />
STEAM FITTER<br />
Speeding Up Fall Plumbing Supply Sales<br />
Vol. XCIV, No. 16 NOVEMBER 5, 1920 $2.00 a Year<br />
Something on Effective Advertising Plans, Including Examples of Co-opera<br />
By W. B. STODDARD<br />
tive Publicity Methods—Suggestions on Window [and Showroom Displays<br />
In the autumn the householder, if he is thrifty, be- The cost of advertising, like that of every other<br />
gins to look around and see what is necessary to put community, has advanced greatly, and many merhis<br />
bouse or ranch or outbuildings in order ere winter chants are finding the co-operative advertising plan<br />
descends. This, then, is the opportunity of the very effective. In many respects it is better than inplumber,<br />
and he should open up an advertising cam- dividual advertising, as a group can take large space,<br />
paign that will let the world know that he has all the and hammer home their ideas to better advantage.<br />
materials that are necessary and all of the labor which One of the best campaigns of this description is bewill<br />
be required to do a first class plumbing job. ing conducted at present by a number of the leading<br />
AN ATTRACTIVE WINDOW DISPLAY USED BY THE ERNST HARDWARE CO., SEATTLE, WASH.
478 PLUMBER AND<br />
firms of Regina, Sask. They take an entire page in<br />
the local papers, and fill the three middle columns<br />
with interesting reading matter such as "Record of<br />
Construction in Canada the past year," "Heating Costs<br />
and Systems," "Re-Modeling the Old Home," and<br />
others of the same tenor. In each issue they also<br />
show the ground floor plans of a house or cottage.<br />
The balance of the page is divided into ten sections<br />
in each of which the individual advertiser places his<br />
announcement.<br />
One of the best ads was tbat of Vagg, Wilson &<br />
Co., plumbers, who showed the cut of a heater, and<br />
advised: "Don't wait until it is 40 deg. below zero<br />
before you think about having your heating plant<br />
overhauled—Do it NOW."<br />
The firm of Blair Bros., plumbers, bore merely the<br />
pithy suggestion: "Telephone us for Prices on'your<br />
Fall Plumbing."<br />
Roantree & O'Neill, plumbing, said: "Let us give<br />
you an estimate on plumbing and heating. We specialize<br />
on fitting up country homes. Let us give you<br />
a figure on a model garage."<br />
In addition to the plumbing firms there were several<br />
dealers in lumber, builders' hardware, architects<br />
and general house outfitters, and the combined advertising<br />
was so conspicuous that it set the entire community<br />
to thinking.<br />
The leading building and outfitting firms of Fl<br />
Centro, tbe metropolis of Imperial Valley, Cal., went a<br />
step farther in their campaign for securing the autumn<br />
business. They banded themselves together and<br />
adopted a slogan "Patronize Your Own Home Town."<br />
Like thc Regina group, they took a full page in the<br />
newspapers to set forth the advantages of patronizing<br />
home _ merchants, but they conducted in addition a<br />
more intensive advertising campaign, in order to reach<br />
the farmers and ranchers. Leaflets were printed<br />
which were placed in all the vehicles coming to town,<br />
and wrapped with all merchandise sold. These complemented<br />
the newspaper ads, and read:<br />
Fellow Citizen. :<br />
Suppose vou come as a transient bu3"er into a strange<br />
store or office in a strange town. It naturally follows<br />
that the salesman who waits upon you will try to get<br />
all he can from you while the getting is good"<br />
But you have been our customers for years and will<br />
—we hope—continue to be so for years to come. We<br />
are located amongst you and any complaints can be adjusted<br />
today, tomorrow or next year—something you<br />
find it impossible to do when you buy out of town.<br />
This is a period of economy—and we want to help<br />
you to build and buy, refurnish and repair, as cheaply<br />
as is consistent with good materials and workmanship.<br />
Come in and tell us your wants.<br />
This leaflet was signed by all of the twenty firms participating.<br />
Then they went a step further and planted<br />
wooden signs along the highways entering town<br />
RANCHERS AND FARMERS<br />
Can you expect co-operation from strangers? We, the<br />
leading merchants of El Centro, have cast our lots with<br />
you, to be a community in which we shall all be happy<br />
and prosperous. If we are to attain this condition,<br />
there must be close co-operation between all of us, and<br />
we promise you that we will do our full part.<br />
Come to us and talk over your building, repairing, refurnishing<br />
and refitting needs, and let us help you to<br />
get your home and its surroundings in good shape before<br />
thc rains and winds of winter.<br />
Of course most of the firms took occasion to do<br />
some individual advertising, as near as possible to the<br />
full page general ad, and among the plumbing and<br />
hardware firms who helped to boost home products<br />
STEAM FITTER November 5. 1920<br />
and labor were Edgar Bros. Co., Delta Co., and the<br />
Imperial Valley Hardware Co.<br />
But after the house has been repaired and put in<br />
ship shape for the winter there still remain the fixtures<br />
and supplies to be considered. Here is the<br />
catchy way in which Knapp & Zylstra, Lynden, Wash.,<br />
made a bid for the local trade. They showed a cut of<br />
a man pressing a button, and said:<br />
DOESN'T IT LOOK EASY?<br />
It is, when you know how. It's the "know how" that<br />
makes it easy for us to satisfy your wants. Our aim<br />
is to do our work so that-not only will the installation<br />
be satisfactory, but that it will perform its work in an<br />
equally satisfactory manner.<br />
Another ad, that called attention to their bath tubs,<br />
advised:<br />
READY FOR A BATH—<br />
And lhe bath is ready for you, at any moment you<br />
choose. This luxury is within the reach of everybody<br />
these days—but of course the enjoyment of the bath is<br />
enhanced when it is taken in one of our large tubs.<br />
Throw out the old one you have, and let us sell you a<br />
modern porcelain tub, at a reasonable price.<br />
Forewarned is forearmed, they say, and thus it was<br />
that Fluckabay & Barger, a hustling plumbing firm of<br />
Hood River, Ore., called to mind the unusually severe<br />
cold snap of last December in order to push the sale<br />
and installation of their pipeless furnaces. In their<br />
ad they said:<br />
i<br />
Do You REMEMBER THE SUDDEN SNOWSTORM AND FREEZE<br />
OF DECEMBER. 1919?<br />
Wc merely call your attention to it in order that you<br />
may prepare yourself before another winter sets in.<br />
Remember what Ge<strong>org</strong>e Washington said: "In times<br />
of peace prepare for war." We are agents for pipeless<br />
furnaces. Get in your order now for furnaces and installations—otherwise<br />
you may be too late. 'Phone us<br />
for quick repair work.<br />
AN EXCELLENT PLAN OE CONCENTRATION<br />
This firm had an excellent plan of concentration,<br />
that not only made their repair jobs more profitable,<br />
but gave real service to their patrons. Whenever they<br />
receive a call for services from a householder, they<br />
inquire if he or she knows of any other family in the<br />
neighborhood who wants any repairing done, as it<br />
would be cheaper for all concerned if the man sent out<br />
could do several jobs in one neighborhood. If the<br />
prospective patron has heard of work needed and<br />
gives the name of the party, the firm immediately<br />
calls them up and advises that they are doing a repair<br />
job in that neighborhood, and if they would not like<br />
their work done at the same time—explaining to them,<br />
also, that it will be cheaper for both parties, as it<br />
saves the man's time. If the original patron cannot<br />
recall having heard any neighbor who wants work<br />
done, the firm takes a chance, and calls up several<br />
parties in that vicinity, asking if they are in need of<br />
any repairs to the plumbing, explaining that a man is<br />
to be sent to their neighborhood, and that if anything<br />
is needed, now is the cheapest time to have the work<br />
done.<br />
Care is always taken to impress upon the first caller<br />
that they will be only too glad to send a man to do<br />
tbeir work, whether any other business is secured or<br />
not, and the only reason for asking is in the spirit of<br />
helpfulness and to make it cheaper for all concerned.<br />
(Continued on Page 481)
Nine Men on the Job,<br />
One Working—What Happens?<br />
Great Accomplishments Are Not the Result of Idleness or Shirking—Nor<br />
Can an Industry Maintain Its Prestige If Those Connected<br />
with It Shirk Their Responsibility for Its Advancement<br />
The progress of the plumbing industry can only<br />
keep pace with that of other industries as the result<br />
of co-operative effort. No one man can supply the<br />
total required work. It must be inspired by the few,<br />
performed by the representatives and backed by the<br />
mass of those connected with the industry. It is the<br />
one sure »oad to progress for any industry.<br />
Are you doing your part? Are you taking any<br />
MAJOR WILLIAM C. GROENIGER<br />
PRESIDENT AMERICAN SOCIETY OF SANITARY ENGINEERING<br />
part ? Would you not like to take part ? You can.<br />
The American Society of Sanitary Engineering is the<br />
logical medium by which the plumbing industry can<br />
consistently show progress. It is doing a good work.<br />
It could accomplish much more. It needs support.<br />
It is worthy and should have it.<br />
For the past 3 years it has been led by Major William<br />
C. Groeniger as president. You may be a very<br />
busy man. So is Mr. Groeniger. He is a consulting<br />
sanitary engineer, president of the W. C. Groeniger<br />
Manufacturing Co., member of the American Public<br />
Health Association, and with-all he still makes time<br />
to push forward toward progress for the industry by<br />
taking an active part as president of the American<br />
Society of Sanitary Engineering. His energetic work<br />
in behalf of the society and the industry are donated<br />
free of all cost to the society. His ability is unquestioned<br />
and his conduct of the society merits the confidence<br />
and support of the plumbing industry.<br />
Mr. Groeniger's ideas on the subject are given in<br />
the following:<br />
TO MAKE THE WORLD SANITARY FOR HUMANITY<br />
This is an era of large things, of accomplishments<br />
on a scale at once so stupendous that without centralized<br />
authority and careful <strong>org</strong>anization, little can be<br />
done. Everything from the small backwoods logging<br />
camp to the Standard Oil Co. is <strong>org</strong>anized, has its<br />
centralized authority, its intense <strong>org</strong>anization and annual<br />
meetings of its officers, directors and members,<br />
to consider matters for the common good.<br />
If the American Society of Sanitary Engineering<br />
would accomplish its mission to the fullest extent, it<br />
would extend its influence to every corner of the<br />
earth. It must function as a single unit. And to do<br />
this, its component parts—active, associate, contributing<br />
members—must become and continue to be, functioning<br />
parts of this great machine, driving as a<br />
unit towards the goal of making the World Sanitary<br />
for Humanity.<br />
The American Society of Sanitary Engineering is<br />
not concerned in blowing its own horn; it does not<br />
seek self-applause; it is concerned in getting things<br />
done and never demands its measure of reward. It<br />
believes in subordinating personal praise and glory to<br />
the largeness of the work there, is to do. Service,<br />
self-sacrifice and co-operation are its principles. It<br />
believes that the world and its people are less concerned<br />
in the agency of achievement than in the finished<br />
product of the effort of such agency.<br />
MEMBERSHIP IN THE SOCIETY<br />
Membership in the American Society of Sanitary<br />
Engineering is purely voluntary. It forms a common<br />
ground upon which all those interested in sanitary<br />
science may meet. The sanitary engineer, the plumbing<br />
inspector, the sanitary inspector, the superintendent<br />
of sewers, the master plumber, the journeyman<br />
plumber, the jobber, the manufacturer may become<br />
members either as an active, an associate or a contributing<br />
member.<br />
The American Society of Sanitary Engineering<br />
recognizes its full duty in that tremendous undertaking<br />
in the standardization of plumbing and plumbing<br />
material. Coordinating with the other interested <strong>org</strong>anizations,<br />
we have a duty to perform and it is each<br />
individual's duty to contribute his share to this great<br />
work. Our goal for 1921 is 1000 members and A. E.<br />
Smith, State Department of Health, Columbus, Ohio,<br />
has been appointed chairman of the Membership<br />
Drive. The Committee of Research, with J. J. Crotty,<br />
Central Foundry Co., Boston, Mass., as the general<br />
chairman, is already active.<br />
Interest in the public comfort station is being revived.<br />
Each individual who is interested in the advancement<br />
of sanitary science is welcome to membership<br />
in the American Society of Sanitary Engineering.<br />
(Continued on Page 483)
480 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 5, 1920<br />
Effect of Standardization on Small <strong>Plumber</strong><br />
Responses to the Questions Raised by One Deeply<br />
Interested That Shows Conservatism Will Prevail<br />
When a plumber in a small center remote from those<br />
of great activity sent in the letter presented in the<br />
issue of <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>,<br />
September 10, a copy of it was sent to several members<br />
of the National Standarization Committee and others<br />
as deeply interested. Some of the responses received<br />
are as follows:<br />
From Ge<strong>org</strong>e H. Drake, Heating and Plumbing, Buffalo,<br />
N. Y.—I have your letter of the 11th instant<br />
enclosing copy of a letter by "Suburban <strong>Plumber</strong>"<br />
which I have read.<br />
He is right. The results of standardization will be<br />
alike of great value to the master plumber, manufacturers<br />
and supply dealers, and it is not the intention of<br />
the Committee to let this movement cause loss to any<br />
master plumber.<br />
Since the Committee started to work and the suggestions<br />
made to it were gotten into form, these suggestions<br />
were printed and sent to all sections of the<br />
country for criticism, and the results of this criticism<br />
have been very helpful to the Committee.<br />
The question of soil pipe has been settled and standard<br />
weight is not to be discontinued. The only<br />
change in soil pipe, is the elimination of 7-in. pipe and<br />
fittings, in both standard and extra heavy.<br />
The question of the short bath tub was given a<br />
great deal of consideration and caused a great deal of<br />
argument at association meetings all over the country.<br />
It is the opinion of the Committee that it would be<br />
impractical to eliminate the 4 and 4}/_ ft. sizes, for<br />
the very reasons given in this letter. We do think,<br />
however, that the use of these sizes should be discouraged<br />
in new buildings.<br />
The "Several Other Features," referred to by<br />
"Suburban <strong>Plumber</strong>," should be referred to the Committee<br />
direct whom I am sure would welcome his<br />
criticism, as it would help them to solve the many<br />
problems now before them.<br />
AN OPINION FROM OHIO<br />
From William C. Groeniger. consulting sanitary engineer,<br />
Columbus, Ohio—Thank you so much for your<br />
favor of the 11th instant enclosing a letter in which<br />
some rather practical objections are raised to Standardization.<br />
In the first place it should be emphasized that standardization<br />
is a matter of evolution and not revolution.<br />
It is not the purpose of the National Bureau of Standardization<br />
to scrap available materials now in the<br />
course of manufacture or in stock.<br />
The same question in regard to the use of only extra<br />
heavy cast iron soil pipe was raised in many cities in<br />
this state when we first adopted and enforced our state<br />
code. Opportunity was given master plumbers, who<br />
had the foresight and astute business ability to maintain<br />
a large stock of pipe and fittings, to get rid of this<br />
material without loss.<br />
A city, state or national code could not be put into<br />
immediate effect. Sufficient time would have to be allowed<br />
the various interests to adjust themselves to<br />
new standards and regulations. It would be fallacy<br />
to attempt any other procedure.<br />
The 4 or 4}_-ft. bath tub is a great deal better than<br />
no bath tub at all. As I understand it, the elimination<br />
of these two sizes is for new installations where ample<br />
space may be provided for the 5-ft. tub. When we<br />
stop to consider that less than 50 per cent of the residences<br />
in these United States have bath tubs and that<br />
the question of space is very important, the 4 and 4J_ft.<br />
tubs are still a factor in making the world sanitary<br />
for humanity. From our view point we believe that<br />
you can assure the "Surburban <strong>Plumber</strong>" that his interests<br />
and the needs of his clients will be given every<br />
consideration and no ill advised action taken which<br />
may tend to injure the advancement and progress of<br />
sanitary science.<br />
Let me repeat that evolution and not revolution can<br />
insure the progress of National Standardization.<br />
From the Central Foundry Co., New York—I can<br />
speak with respect to standard and extra heavy pipe<br />
but know nothing of the matter of the shorter bath<br />
tubs which your correspondent refers to.<br />
I think there is much less saving in the use of<br />
standard pipe as compared with heavy pipe than is<br />
generally thought, for the reason that the breakage of<br />
standard is very large and the cost of installation<br />
through this breakage and the greater care required in<br />
caulking joints, is increased. This is particularly so in<br />
places where the requirements of plumbing are high.<br />
If a test is required, there is no question in my mind<br />
that the necessity of having tight joints increases sufficiently<br />
the cost to make the complete roughing in as<br />
expensive with standard pipe as with heavy pipe.<br />
The cost of making standard pipe in the foundry<br />
is greater per length, exclusive of the iron which goes<br />
into the pipe, than making heavy pipe. I do not think<br />
that the distribution of these costs and the losses which<br />
have ensued from breakage in and about the foundry<br />
and during shipment have been adequately taken care<br />
of by manufacturers and I believe that on closer investigation<br />
the spread between standard and heavy<br />
pipe vvill be increased in the future rather than diminished.<br />
From a bath tub inanufacturer—As to bath tubs,<br />
particularly the staple type in the 4 and 4>_ ft. lengths,<br />
I do not think any of us should do much worrying<br />
over their elimination. The manufacturer under normal<br />
conditions will produce any article on which there<br />
is a reasonable sale and proportionate profit. I see<br />
little likelihood of either of these sizes being eliminated<br />
and particularly the 4^-ft. size. Standardization like<br />
everything else could be carried too far. I do not<br />
believe, however, such will be the case, speaking primarily<br />
of enameled sanitary ware.<br />
THE OBJECT OF THE COMMITTEE<br />
From E. Baggot Co., Chicago, ///.—The Standardization<br />
Committee appointed by the National Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s was to act as an Advisory<br />
Board on material standardization and that it is our<br />
object where there is any opposition to any type of<br />
fixtures or pipe and fittings, to approve only such<br />
types as are accepted by the entire trade.<br />
There was some opposition in regard to the short<br />
horn closet bowls at our last convention and our Committee<br />
has recommended to the potterers that they
Novem 1<br />
make both the long and short horn on the water closet<br />
bowls and this leaves the master plumber to use whichever<br />
kind he desires.<br />
The Committee will also recommend to the enameled<br />
iron manufacturers that they continue to make both<br />
a 4 and 4 I _-ft. bath tub and there shall be no elimination<br />
in the size of the bath tubs. Also in regard to the<br />
standard pipe it is our object to co-operate with all the<br />
master plumbers in our Association and all the Standardization<br />
Committee intends to do now in the coming<br />
year is to make recommendations to the Directors of<br />
the National Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s and it<br />
will be up to our Executive Board to authorize us to<br />
make any changes with the manufacturers.<br />
I further wish to state that Standardization is for<br />
progress and I do not see how any member of the<br />
Association can stop progress.<br />
In conclusion, I wish to state that A. E. Smith, secretary<br />
of the American Society of Sanitary Engineering,<br />
in a letter from their headquarters No. 8 East<br />
Chestnut street, Columbus, Ohio, under date of July<br />
16, called attention to the importance of Standardization<br />
in the plumbing field, and emphasized that the<br />
real opportunity for discussion presented in St. Louis<br />
the second week in September at the Society's sixteenth<br />
annual convention: A portion of his letter<br />
follows:<br />
IMPORTANCE OF STANDARDIZATION<br />
"Your are interested in Standardization. You know<br />
that the standardization of plumbing and plumbing materials<br />
will be beneficial to your city. You can assist<br />
a movement that requires service, self-sacrifice and cooperation.<br />
We know that thousands of dollars can<br />
be saved through the standardization of plumbing and<br />
plumbing materials without destroying the efficiency<br />
of the system.<br />
"Standardization will aid production. Standardization<br />
will assist in solving the housing problem. Standardization<br />
vvill divert temporary into permanent labor<br />
production. Standardization, will stimulate business<br />
operations. Standardization will eliminate waste.<br />
Standardization will minimize repairs. Standardization<br />
will simplify installation. Standardization will<br />
assist in fair competition. Standardization will give<br />
opportunty for uniform and equal application and enforcement<br />
of sanitary laws. Standardization vvill help<br />
make the world sanitary for humanity."<br />
I further wish to add in regard to the point of your<br />
inquiry about the loss the small suburban plumber vvill<br />
be put to by the elimination of standard pipe and<br />
fittings, if you or the "Suburban <strong>Plumber</strong>" had read<br />
the report of the Standardization Committee to our<br />
National <strong>Plumber</strong>s Convention carefully, you would<br />
have found the only elimination in either extra heavy<br />
or standard pipe is the discontinuing of 7-in. pipe<br />
both standard and extra heavy and also discontinuing<br />
of 8, 10, 12 and 15-in. standard pipe.<br />
There were no other changes recommended but the<br />
above and I feel very confident that your "Suburban<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>" does not use either 8, 10, 12 or 15-in.<br />
standard pipe and, if he does, he should use only large<br />
sizes extra heavy pipe to do a real job.<br />
Celebration at Kewanee Boiler Plant<br />
Twelve thousand people participated in the community<br />
celebration October 19 in recognition of<br />
BER AND STEAM FITTER 4-81<br />
Kewanee's industrial growth, as evidenced by the new<br />
$950,000 addition to the plant of the Kewanee Boiler<br />
Co., Kewanee, 111. In the evening there was a big<br />
dance, witb music being furnished by the United<br />
States Marine Band. Brief talks were made by<br />
Mayor J. H. Andrews, W. H. Lyman representing<br />
Kewanee's commercial interests, Ge<strong>org</strong>e Daniels, for<br />
the old employees, Frank M. Lay, Boss Manufacturing<br />
Co., Howard Coonley, president, Walworth Manufacturing<br />
Co.; R. L. Woolheather, spoke for the new generation<br />
of the company's employees, J. E. Hamilton<br />
represented the Worden-Allen Co. and E. E. Baker,<br />
president of the Kewanee Boiler Co.<br />
i<br />
World War Veteran Starts Plumbing Busine<br />
Henry Legasse, a World War veteran who has<br />
served as a member of the Fall River, Mass., Memorial<br />
Building Commission, has resigned to devote his<br />
time to his new plumbing business.<br />
Speeding Up Fall Plumbing Sales<br />
(Continued from Page 478)<br />
When everything is said, however, there is no<br />
agency so effective for the selling of plumbing supplies<br />
as a good window display. A. G. Heinmiller,<br />
of the Ernst Hardware Co., of Seattle, Wash., one of<br />
the best departmentized hardware stores in the country,<br />
expressed the opinion recently that the selling<br />
value of any merchandise increased fully 100 per cent<br />
when same was placed in the window.<br />
"We never show but one line at a time," he said,<br />
"in order that the mind may concentrate on that, and<br />
vve change our windows frequently, twice a week always,<br />
and sometimes oftener. For this reason our<br />
backgrounds are always very simple and of a nature<br />
to harmonize with several classes of merchandise.<br />
"The only exception we make to the rule is in our<br />
display of plumbing fixtures. In this case, instead of<br />
a window, we have glass extending entirely to the<br />
floor, and behind the glass a complete modern bath<br />
room installed, with walls of white, nickle finishings,<br />
and all connections made. The bath room is fitted up<br />
ready for use, even to soap and towels. Occasionally<br />
vve place in the room wax figures in bath robes, to<br />
add to the realism. At times, too, we have running<br />
water, showing the shower bath, the vapor bath, etc.<br />
"The chief reason that we have placed this display<br />
on the floor instead of in the window, is that people<br />
dislike to make themselves conspicuous by stepping up<br />
into the window. If the fixtures are in a room on<br />
the floor level of the store, they vvill walk in to examine<br />
them more closely, if they see any special feature<br />
that interests them.<br />
"In all of our installation and repair jobs vve make<br />
a great point of our service—having a big blue and<br />
white truck always on hand so that in ten minutes<br />
after a leak starts we can be on the job. The conspicuous<br />
manner in which the car is painted is a constant<br />
advertisement for us, and frequently when we<br />
are at work at a certain place other householders in<br />
the neighborhood, seeing the car, will hasten to consult<br />
us regarding work which they themselves wish done."
Pertinent Facts on Power Pipe Machines<br />
Every Shop Cannot Maintain a Fully Equipped Power Pipe Shop<br />
But There Are Hundreds of Shops in Which Power Cutting<br />
and Threading Machinery Would Show a Handsome Profit<br />
The price of pipe is at a high level. The concensus<br />
of opinion among those who are in a position to know<br />
is that there vvill be no recession in the price of goods<br />
manufactured of iron for some time. In fact, the<br />
general cost of living can recede but slowly. Wages<br />
are firm with an upward tendency.<br />
Considering these facts, the power pipe machine<br />
offers an opportunity to speed production, reduce labor<br />
THE DUPLEX IMPROVED PIPE MACHINE MANUFACTURED<br />
BY THE BIGNALL AND KEELER MACHINE CO.<br />
costs and eliminate waste in many shops. Every shop<br />
owner whose shop is not now equipped with power<br />
cutting and threading machines would do well to ascertain<br />
the cost of the necessary pipe threading and<br />
cutting equipment that would satisfactorily do the<br />
cutting and threading required by his shop and to<br />
carefully weigh the cost of this investment against the<br />
value of greater ouput, efficiency, general saving and<br />
convenience.<br />
In ascertaining this information perhaps a few<br />
leads will not be amiss. It would be extremely unwise<br />
to tie up in power machinery, capital that is needed<br />
to operate the business. But if on estimating the saving<br />
or the excess earning the power machinery guarantees<br />
paying for itself over a reasonable period of<br />
time, it would be wise to borrow the money and have<br />
the power machinery.<br />
OUTSTANDING ADVANTAGES OF POWER MACHINERY<br />
Power machinery has these salient advantages for<br />
the shop. Its capacity for output is much larger,<br />
making the actual cost of cutting and threading much<br />
less, if kept consistently busy. The efficiency of power<br />
machine is much greater. The general savings can be<br />
computed in savings of time, by comparing hand output<br />
against power machine output; the comparative<br />
amount of cutting oil used, there being a considerably<br />
greater waste of oil with the hand driven than that<br />
incurred in the use of power machinery; the actual<br />
feet of pipe saved, as the short pieces of pipe that accumulate<br />
without being threaded on either end or on<br />
one end only are usually junked where cutting is done<br />
by hand power only; the men's time profitably utilized<br />
that would otherwise be wasted.<br />
With power equipment in the shop the men can be<br />
set to cutting the short pieces or waste ends of pipe<br />
into nipples, which will be produced at a cost comparing<br />
favorably with that at which nipples might be<br />
purchased in the open market. It is a well established<br />
fact, to the shop owner, that cutting nipples by hand<br />
is not profitable, particularly when men are just killing<br />
time at it. Then there is the convenience of having<br />
power machinery which allows of handling work with<br />
much greater ease and dispatch, decreases the man<br />
power needed, and gives the shop greater prestige.<br />
GREATEST ECONOMY ESSENTIAL<br />
The high scale of wages and the scarcity of mechanics<br />
make it imperative that for greatest economy<br />
and service all these features should be carefully considered<br />
and their net benefit weighed against the cost<br />
of equipment. Experience has demonstrated the practicability<br />
of cutting out the entire job in the shop and<br />
has proven this method more satisfactory to the customer,<br />
as it materially shortens the time required to<br />
complete the work in the building. Further, it allows<br />
of the measurements being taken by the expert workman,<br />
thus eliminating the wrong measurements and<br />
useless cuts made by the 1918 mechanics who, through<br />
force of circumstances, are sometimes employed.<br />
The question of having or not having power pipe<br />
cutting and threading tools is one that must be decided<br />
by each shop individually. However, it is one<br />
that all shops should carefully check to ascertain its<br />
advantage.<br />
Manufacturers of power pipe threading and cutting<br />
A CURTIS AND CURTIS PIPE THREADING MACHINE<br />
machinery have compiled for distribution catalogues,<br />
bulletins and data sheets which give all the necessary<br />
information about the machines. They also can give<br />
accurate data on the actual cost of cutting and threading<br />
various sizes of pipe with their type of machine.<br />
That is the information you need. It is accurate. It<br />
can be had simply for the asking. Equipped with<br />
(Continued on Page 498)
November 5. 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER 483<br />
An Explanation of Our Local Associations<br />
Training Schools Where the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s May Receive<br />
Their First Lessons of Industrial Co-operation<br />
In order to properly carry out' its plans for Trade<br />
Advancement and the education of its members, the<br />
National Association has wisely divided its activities<br />
into state and local associations each having its particular<br />
field of usefulness and each having some part<br />
in the education of the master plumber.<br />
It shall be our purpose to devote this article to an<br />
explanation of the local associations, tbeir relations to<br />
the National and how they may be styled the "Schools<br />
of First Principles in the Lessons of Industrial Cooperation."<br />
Of the state associations and their work<br />
we shall speak at another time.<br />
The locals are the real strength of the National.<br />
Their delegates compose the national convention and<br />
make its laws. They meet monthly or more often and,<br />
therefore, come in closer contact with the individual<br />
master plumber than does the national with its yearly<br />
meeting and its correspondence. We do not wish to<br />
imply that the locals can serve every requirement of<br />
the master plumber and that the state and national<br />
associations have little or no part in the work. Quite<br />
the contrary, without these larger <strong>org</strong>anizations there<br />
could be no locals. They surround the smaller bodies<br />
with a moral influence not obtainable in any other<br />
way. They take their undeveloped thoughts, mold<br />
them into proper shape and make them things of<br />
progress. They secure for their work the stamp of<br />
public approval and national support. Therefore, in<br />
this planning of ours, we must not f<strong>org</strong>et that for our<br />
real accomplishments we are indebted to our national<br />
association and to the men who have built its policies<br />
and inspired us to give something in service to the<br />
business whence comes our livelihood.<br />
THE MISSION OF THE LOCALS<br />
The importance of the locals will not suffer in this<br />
tribute to the National. Theirs is of different scope.<br />
They must attract the non-member by personal contact;<br />
they must influence him to become one of their<br />
members and bring his problems to the meeting room.<br />
They must promote the spirit of friendship and break<br />
down the barriers that make competitors enemies.<br />
They must bring to their members the lessons of the<br />
parent <strong>org</strong>anization, both in the management and the<br />
selling policy of the Industry. They must guard the<br />
integrity of the national association by the enactment<br />
of laws modeled after the National laws and in support<br />
of the laws of the country. They must, in a<br />
word, teach the non-member the value of Industrial<br />
cooperation and fit him to take his place in councils<br />
of his fellow-members and to give them service.<br />
This mission is not always understood by our<br />
locals, with the result that we have both the successful<br />
and the non-successful kind. One. a real training<br />
school, active in its help to its members and always<br />
building for "Bigger Things." The other a field of<br />
indifference, just drifting where each depends upon the<br />
other and no one serves. If vve can, in this explanation<br />
of our locals, make it clear to our readers their<br />
purposes and induce our members to give more of their<br />
time to the building of the successful ones and the<br />
* President of the National Association of Master Pumbers.<br />
BY D. F. DURKIN, JR.*<br />
elimination of the other kind, there vvill be in a shottime<br />
more master plumbers affiliated with the National<br />
th. n would be found on the outside.<br />
We must make our locals more attractive, first bv<br />
the elevation to office of men who are qualified to lead,<br />
-md who will not find it inconvenient to help their<br />
fellow-men. There are many such men. The pity of<br />
it all is that we do not always recognize ability, and we<br />
often put men in high places who have no business<br />
there.<br />
PLACE FOR EDUCATIONAL WORK<br />
When the local officers and directors are selected<br />
with care and when the local by-laws are modeled<br />
after the National Code and stamped with the National<br />
approval, the local begins its work of education.<br />
To its meetings come the men who will not be found<br />
in either the state or National conventions and who<br />
receive at these meetings their first lessons in business<br />
building. Some never get above these first lessions, but<br />
there are many who do and who become the real hope<br />
of the industry and National leaders. The meeting<br />
must be m. de the clearing house of trade problems<br />
and their solution, and the men must be encouraged to<br />
take part in their discussions. No narrow minded<br />
policy of placing great restrictions on membership will<br />
ever make a successful local. In this land where<br />
all men are created equal, there should be a welcome<br />
hand extended to the stranger, and only character<br />
made the mark of our friendship. We ought to even<br />
go after him by special drives, when vve would make<br />
entrance into our associations so easy that none would<br />
refuse the invitation, and vve soon would have almost<br />
perfect industrial co-operation.<br />
There is a duty upon each member of our national<br />
association to help make his local association successful<br />
and make it a benefit to the master plumber and to<br />
the public, to encourage the advancement of men of<br />
ability in his local, state and National councils and do<br />
everything in his power to advance the Industry and<br />
bring the lessons of association value to every master<br />
plumber connected with it.<br />
Nine Men on the Job, One Working—What<br />
Happens?<br />
(Continued from Page 479)<br />
The society must have the support of the industry<br />
if it is to achieve the great benefits which are within<br />
its province. Every plumber is a part of that industry.<br />
Each one supporting the society vvill get ever increasing<br />
returns for such support. The work must be<br />
done if plumbers are to enjoy the prestige incident to<br />
a live industry. Every plumber can perform his<br />
share without inconvenience. All need to do it to<br />
insure greatest benefit.<br />
A letter addressed to A. E. Smith, State Department<br />
of Health, Columbus, Ohio, will bring you complete<br />
information for the asking. You owe it to yourself<br />
and to the industry to engage in this work. Your<br />
pound on the wheel will be felt. It is needed.
484 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 5, 1920<br />
Heating and Giving Modern Factory a Climate<br />
It Is a Far Cry from the Old Dutch Oven and Open Fireplace to Heating<br />
the Modern Factory and Equipping It with a Climate Made to Order<br />
One of the modern factory jobs brings, out the advance<br />
made by the heating industry and shows the<br />
interesting problems to be overcome in providing an<br />
atmosphere and temperature which will allow of efficiency<br />
and continuous operation. The human side of it is<br />
just another illustration that it pays to face the blank<br />
wall of the future, no matter how impenetrable it may<br />
seem, with a grim determination to make every job a<br />
;fT—*": ifryf<br />
..(AM<br />
dieated on the plan Fig. 2 to supply heating units as<br />
shown. American Radiator Co., wall radiation is used<br />
on the first and second floors and pipe coils in basement<br />
hung near the ceiling.<br />
The condensation as shown by basement plan, Fig. 1,<br />
is collected and returned to the boiler room through a<br />
2-in. return carried under ground to a Jennings vacuum<br />
pump, manufactured by the Nash Engineering Co.,<br />
EIG. 1—PLAN, BOILER HOUSE AND FACTORY BASEMENT—STEAM COILS HUNG NEAR CEILING<br />
builder of good repute by subordinating immediate gain<br />
to satisfactory operation and service to the customer.<br />
In Michigan City a new factory for Smith Brothers,<br />
manufacturers of cough drops, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.,<br />
is nearing completion. The steam for factory use and<br />
heating is supplied by two 125-h.p. high pressure boilers,<br />
manufactured by the Wickes Boiler Co., Saginaw, Mich.<br />
These boilers are cross-connected, as shown on boiler<br />
room plan, Fig. No. 3, and are equipped with the Detroit<br />
automatic stokers of ample capacity to carry a 50<br />
per cent overload. The heating of factory is accomplished<br />
by low pressure Warren Webster vacuum system.<br />
The high steam pressure steam from boilers enters the<br />
6 in. heating main through a Foster pressure regulating<br />
valve, manufactured by the Foster Engineering Co.,<br />
Newark, N. J. The 6-in. main is carried across court<br />
and up to ceiling of second floor of factory, then as in-<br />
*; Cfit/rrG<br />
South Norwalk, Conn., in the boiler house, which pumps<br />
all the air and condensation from returns into the tank<br />
of a Linton combination return tank and feed water<br />
heater, manufactured by the Linton Machine Co., 26<br />
Cortlandt street, New York City. This tank is placed<br />
somewhat above the level of the pump which has a vent<br />
connection extending to outside atmosphere. Therefore<br />
the air from the pump escapes through the vent,<br />
the condensation going into tank from whence it flows,<br />
by gravity and is returned to boilers by the steam-driven<br />
boiler feed pumps.<br />
Rooms which are air conditioned are supplied with<br />
only enough radiation to keep the sprinkler system from<br />
freezing at night, as in practice it has been found that<br />
the air conditioning system, which is used as a hot blast<br />
in the winter time, will raise the temperature of the<br />
room to the desired point within one-half hour after the
November 5. 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
hot blast has been started, if the heat is turned off during<br />
the night. This effects a distinct saving of fuel as it<br />
eliminates the necessity of maintaining an unnecessarily<br />
high temperature in those rooms throughout the night.<br />
All other rooms are figured to be heated to 60 or 70 deg.<br />
Fahr. as required when the outside temperature is at<br />
minus 10 deg. Fahr.<br />
Climate doctoring or air conditioning is the art of<br />
cleansing and delivering a uniform climate in any place<br />
desired. By climate is meant air at any given temperature<br />
supplied with an unvarying pre-determined amount<br />
of moisture. Of course the amount of moisture determined<br />
upon must of necessity be within the maximum<br />
and minimum limits of saturation.<br />
Cough drops are packed by automatic machinery.<br />
The operation makes a certain amount of candy dust.<br />
On a hot, humid day this dust, if exposed to the natural<br />
climate, becomes sticky, gumming up the machinery and<br />
stopping it from work. Moreover, such weather conditions<br />
causes graining and loss of transparency in hard<br />
candies. Therefore, in order that the machinery to<br />
be continuous in operation, and the cough drops to be<br />
of the best quality, an even temperature, with a fixed<br />
quantity of moisture, must be supplied.<br />
The first step in manufacturing a climate is usually<br />
to take the natural moisture out of the air. Even where<br />
you want a given percentage of moisture it is easiest<br />
to remove from your air the uncertain and varying percentage<br />
of natural moisture, and then replace it with<br />
just the number of grains of water per cubic foot required.<br />
Drying air is somewhat different from drying<br />
clothes. It cannot be successfulhc- accomplished with<br />
heat only. While heat raises the temperature of the air,<br />
AuC «£_*/.C««« TO ^i4£.JZJ<br />
r# o« wxfi. orr rne. -rot* or<br />
'HM MHrffW<br />
TO «*•«• WUffWlllW<br />
they quickly adopted another method—that of freezing<br />
the moisture out of the air by passing it over refrigerating<br />
coils. One of the first applications of this method<br />
was in the steel industry, where it was found that fluc-<br />
FIG. 3—DETAIL OF BOILER ROOM PIPING<br />
tuations in the moisture of air in blast furnaces and<br />
converters caused costly heat losses and sometimes<br />
variations in the quality of steel On a humid day about<br />
4 to 5 gal. of water are carried into a modern blast<br />
furnace every minute—equal to what will constantly<br />
run out of your kitchen faucet. Freezing did the business,<br />
but there was a drawback: Moisture taken out of<br />
i SrssisP Atrti"$A,-&.<br />
fo ..<br />
_3"<br />
486 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 5, 1920<br />
T. E. B. Field Representatives Take to Road<br />
"Missionaries" of the Gospel of Profitable Business Methods for<br />
the Plumbing and Heating Contractor Take Up Their Work<br />
October 15, 1920, is a date worthy of noting on the<br />
calendar, for all concerned in the plumbing and heating<br />
industry. On that day, the first flight of Field Representatives<br />
of the National Trade, Extension Bureau<br />
completed their training at headquarters, and were sent<br />
out for actual work, in the<br />
way of direct personal<br />
effort in the direction of<br />
being helpful, in every way<br />
possible, first to the plumbing<br />
and heating contractor,<br />
and then to every other<br />
interest in the industry to<br />
which the benefit of their<br />
services can be contributed.<br />
It is probable that, outside<br />
of the <strong>org</strong>anization of the<br />
Bureau itself 2 years ago, no more important step than<br />
this, in the direction of generally improving business<br />
conditions within the industry, has ever been taken.<br />
The men selected for this highly important work,<br />
were chosen: First, because of having had training<br />
that would lead them to a practical understanding and<br />
appreciation of the problems that must be met by the<br />
plumbing and heating contractor, if he is to operate<br />
his business profitably. With this as a foundation,<br />
these men were carefully educated in the actual knowledge<br />
of facts and conditions, which results from the<br />
Bureau's nation wide contact with the industry; and<br />
thoroughly trained in effective methods of transmitting<br />
this information to the contractor, to whatever extent<br />
it might be required of them.<br />
As has been previously announced, it is the intention<br />
of the Bureau to have a sufficient number of these<br />
Field Representatives to cover the entire territory of<br />
the United States at frequent periods; personally<br />
visiting the contractors in their territory, and doing<br />
anything and everything that can be done in the way<br />
of supplying information that will enable the contractor<br />
to put into effect, in connection with his own<br />
business, those tried and successful practices, which<br />
the National Trade Extension Bureau will have collected<br />
from all over the country, and put to the test<br />
of careful analysis and examination.<br />
Beyond a doubt, it is unnecessary to ask the trade<br />
for a courteous reception for these Field Representatives<br />
of the Bureau. But it can do no harm to emphasize<br />
the fact, that the only purpose that they can possibly<br />
have for calling upon the contractor, is bound<br />
up in either bringing to him some helpful idea that will<br />
benefit his business, or getting from him some ideas of<br />
a similar nature that the intelligent and up-to-date<br />
contractor vvill be glad to contribute to benefit the<br />
industry, and thereby improve the conditions under<br />
which he himself will be able to do business.<br />
The four men, whose training has been completed,<br />
and have actually taken the road, are men who ought<br />
to succeed largely in this specially interesting work.<br />
Their names and descriptions follow—<br />
Daniel L. Hanson hardly needs introduction to the<br />
trade. For years he has been well known as the author<br />
of a large amount of literature published in the trade<br />
papers and in business magazines. He is widely in<br />
formed in a practical way about those things which<br />
will be interesting to plumbing and heating contractors.<br />
S. F. Martin was, for a number of years, engaged<br />
in business as a plumbing and heating contractor.<br />
Obviously, he has first hand knowledge of a great<br />
many things about which<br />
the plumbing and heating<br />
contractor may need advice<br />
or suggestion. His practical<br />
experience of the business<br />
combined with close<br />
study of T. E. B. information<br />
equips Mr. Martin to<br />
give 100 per cent service<br />
in this particular direction.<br />
R. E. Maloney is the son<br />
of a master plumber, w.ho<br />
is a well known personality, especially in the Middle<br />
West. In addition to a considerable amount of pract<br />
; Editor's Note: This article is well worth<br />
reading. You may know more about operating<br />
a modern plumbing business than any or<br />
all of these men. Who can say for sure?<br />
Can vou until you find out what they do<br />
knowl' Afford them courteous treatment; it<br />
zAill pay. Encourage them; they are on a<br />
mission friendly to your best interests.<br />
cal knowledge of the business, and training in<br />
T. E. B. offices, Mr. Maloney has the added advantage<br />
of a finished college education.<br />
L. A. Dunne has had some years of actual business<br />
experience in the plumbing and heating trade as bookkeeper<br />
and accountant. To his practical knowledge of<br />
trade conditions is added his training under T. E. B.<br />
Mr. Dunne should also prove himself a very capable<br />
and welcome Representative of T. E. B. throughout<br />
the field.<br />
The four men mentioned above are all that have<br />
thus far taken the field. T. E. B. already has another<br />
man in reserve for this activity, who will be recognized<br />
at once as in his own person an authority on the<br />
subjects that the plumbing and heating contractor<br />
would wish to know. This man is Professor Arthur<br />
Bateman. Through • previous connection with the<br />
American Schools of Chicago, as well as years of very<br />
successful experience as a practical instructor in sanitary<br />
engineering, Professor Bateman is indeed well<br />
and generally known to the plumbing and heating<br />
trades. To such as may not know him, it may be said<br />
without fear of contradiction, that Mr. Bateman will<br />
be found a most helpful and capable man in the<br />
capacity of Field Representative of this Bureau. Professor<br />
Bateman has only just recently returned from<br />
a trip to his partents' home in England, in order to<br />
take up the work. For those who may not know it,<br />
Professor Bateman, in addition to his knowledge and<br />
experience as an instructor, is also a practical mechanic<br />
capable of handling the tools himself upon any job<br />
of plumbing and steamfitting. Just as soon as Mr.<br />
Bateman has had time to become thoroughly familiar<br />
with T. E. B. plans and methods, he will also take<br />
up the work in this field.<br />
The National Trade Extension Bureau feels that a<br />
considerable amount of satisfaction may be worthily<br />
expressed over the personnel of its Field Representatives.<br />
There can be no doubt whatever that, within<br />
a very short time, the activity of these field men of the<br />
Bureau will be reflected in noticeable improvement, in<br />
directions where it is universally conceded that there<br />
is room for betterment of business methods and<br />
practice.
November 5, 1920 PLUM.BER A N.D SJEAM F I„T T.E R 487<br />
New Treatment of Hot Water Heating<br />
Comprehensive Information on the Factors Governing<br />
Circulation and Their Application to Heating Buildings<br />
BY EDWARD E. PARKER<br />
A considerable saving in fuel may be effected by<br />
covering the heater and cellar piping. Owing to their<br />
exposed position, cellar mains lose considerably more<br />
heat, for the same amount of surface, than a radiator.<br />
It has been estimated that a square foot of cellar main<br />
will give off as much heat in a season as 20 cents<br />
worth of coal vvill produce. This may be too liberal<br />
an estimate but, it is common to find fully 20 per cent.<br />
of the total radiating surface in hot-water heating<br />
plants, in the cellar mains. In such cases it is safe<br />
to say that the heat from more than 20 per cent, of the<br />
fuel burned during the reason, passes off into the<br />
cellar, and 75 to 80 per cent, of this radiation might<br />
have been retained by the use of a first class covering.<br />
Some of this loss is, however, more apparent than<br />
real, because some of the heat which passes off in the<br />
cellar, eventually finds its way into the upper part<br />
of the house through cracks and other openings, and<br />
that which remains in the cellar does a lot toward<br />
keeping the lower floors warm, and thus assists in the<br />
comfort of those who walk upon them.<br />
The most satisfactory covering for hot-water pipes,<br />
where appearance is not the first consideration, is a<br />
molded sectional wool felt, with asbestos paper lining<br />
and a cloth cover, and fitttings covered with plastic<br />
asbestos cement. It is cheap and effective. It is easily<br />
removed and replaced in case repair work makes<br />
it necessary to do so. The heater covering of plastic<br />
asbestos cement, mixed with water to the consistency<br />
of mortar, should be applied in successive layers, while<br />
the heater is warm, so that each coat will have a chance<br />
to dry on before the next one is applied. If the heater<br />
is covered with a light poultry netting, it will do much<br />
to hold the asbestos in place. Smooth trowel work will<br />
add greatly to the appearance of the job.<br />
The following table shows the percentage of heat<br />
transmitted by various tests made:<br />
DATE ON COMMERCIAL PIPE COVERINGS—L. B. McMillan<br />
Kind of covering, Thickness of single covering<br />
in inches.<br />
B.t.u. loss per sq. ft. per deg. temp.<br />
diff. for single thickness<br />
covered pipes<br />
Temp, difference (pipe and room)<br />
degrees Fahr.<br />
J. M. 85 per cent Magnesia (1.08 in.)<br />
0.435 0.4.38 0.446 0.455 0.469 0.488<br />
J. M. Indented (1.12 in.)<br />
0.472 0.483 0.309 0.549 0.603 0.666<br />
J. M. Vitribestos (0.96 in.)<br />
0.625 0.654 0.715 0.781 0.856 0.679<br />
J. M.Eureka (1.04 in.)<br />
0.444 0.4.51 0.464 0.478 •0.487<br />
J. M. Molded Asbestos (1.25 in.)<br />
0.517 0.522 0.539 0.561 0.596<br />
J. M. Wool Felt (1.10 in.)<br />
Sall-Mo Expanded Asbestos (1.07 in.)<br />
Carey Carocel (.99 in.)<br />
Carey Serrated (1.00 in.)<br />
Carey Duplex (.96 in.)<br />
Carev 85 per cent Magnesia (1.10 in)<br />
Sall-Mo Wool Felt-(1.01 in.)<br />
Nonpareil High Pressure (1.16 in.)<br />
J. M. Asbestos Fine Felt (0.99 in.)<br />
J. M. Asbestos Sponge Felted (1.16 in.)<br />
J. M. Asbestocel (1.10 in.)<br />
J. M. Air Cell (1.00 in.)<br />
0.386 0.400 0.421 0.442 •0.453 0.581<br />
0.409 0.427 0.464 0.50.3 0.541 0..562<br />
0.358 0.378 0.421 0.466 0.510 0.634<br />
0.454 0.468 0.506 0.546 0.587<br />
0.423 0.447 0.498 0.548 •0.574 0.472<br />
0.413 0.418 0.424 0.436 0.454 . 0.455<br />
0.395 0.401 0.4.33 0.459 t0.421 0.465<br />
T<br />
0.399 0.402 0.412 0.426 0.444 0.901<br />
0.694 0.711 0.749 0.795 0.845 '0.439<br />
T<br />
0.336 0.347 0.369 0.391 0.414 0.609<br />
0.418 0.429 0.454 0.493 '0.544 0.733<br />
0.459 0.475 0.515 0.571 T0.643 5.18<br />
Bare •For Pipe difference of temperature of 350 deg. Fahr. tl50 1.95 deg. 2.152 Fahr. 2.665 3.26 250 deg. 4.035 Fahr.<br />
No stop valve should be allowed between the heater<br />
and the overflow under any circumstances, and all<br />
50<br />
100<br />
200<br />
300<br />
400<br />
Part XV<br />
500<br />
valves on hot-water heating systems should be eliminated<br />
as far as possible, since every valve contains<br />
the elements of possible trouble. Thus, valves for<br />
cutting out certain risers should be avoided, because<br />
the ordinary hot-water radiator valve only is necessary<br />
to shut off practically all of the heat from the radiator<br />
to which it is attached, at the same time allowing<br />
sufficient hot water to pass along to prevent all danger<br />
of freezing, no matter how much the apartment is<br />
ventilated.<br />
USE OF VALVES<br />
If risers are cut out altogether by the use of absolutely<br />
tight valves, another pair of valves must be<br />
provided to drain the water out of both flow and<br />
return risers, and if this drainage is neglected, there<br />
is danger of damage by frost.<br />
Ordinary radiator valves are liable to leak around<br />
the stem, as the packing in the stuffing box becomes<br />
worn, or perhaps the nut to the stuffing box gets loose<br />
allowing the water to ooze out, and a very small leak<br />
soon spoils the looks of the valve itself and that of<br />
the floor around it. These leaks are apt to be<br />
neglected as it is usually necessary to draw down the<br />
water in the apparatus in order that the valve may<br />
be repacked.<br />
On radiators in halls, dining, living and bath rooms<br />
heat is needed whenever there is a fire in the heater,<br />
and consequently valves on radiators in these rooms<br />
are unnecessary, and both flow and return connections<br />
should be made with union elbows. In chambers and<br />
other rooms where valves are needed, the use of what<br />
are called "packless" valves, is recommended. Drawoff<br />
cocks should never be connected to the sewer, or<br />
any hidden drain. The best type of a draw off cock<br />
is an ordinary hose bibb. Plug cocks of all kinds<br />
should be avoided as it is difficult to keep them tight.<br />
TEMPERATURE REGULATION<br />
To keep a fairly even temperature in a house heated<br />
by hot water without the aid of any automatic appliances,<br />
is usually a simple operation. In the morning<br />
the fire should be shaken down to clear the fire from<br />
_shes, the draughts opened and fresh coal put on.<br />
When the fire has burned up so that the radiators are<br />
as hot as they need to be to properly warm the house<br />
in the prevailing weather, enough more coal to fill the<br />
fire pot should be put on, and the draught shut off to<br />
such an extent that the water in the radiators will<br />
remain at practically the same temperature for some<br />
hours. Late in the day the operation should be repeated.<br />
If the heater is big enough for the job, attention<br />
twice a day, except in extraordinary weather, will<br />
be sufficient.<br />
Just how hot the water must be to meet the demands<br />
of various kinds of weather, or how to arrange the<br />
dampers so that when the water has attained the proper<br />
temperature, that temperature may be nractically main-<br />
(Continued on Page 498)
488 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTE November 5. 1920<br />
Information Exchange for Readers' Problem*<br />
Ask your fellow readers through these columns for their<br />
help on your problems—Help them in turn on theirs<br />
Sink Waste Troubles<br />
From W. T. _.., Montana—Replying to the inquiry<br />
of "G. T.," Pennsylvania, I think I can help him out.<br />
There is a stoppage somewhere in the sink waste from<br />
the house line to the cesspool, that is, in the 4-in. tile.<br />
Either that or the cesspool is so tight that the air cannot<br />
get out. But I think he vvill find that there is a<br />
stoppage in the tile pipe. What happens when he removes<br />
the trap from the point which he has marked A<br />
and placed it up under the sink is just this: When the<br />
water is poured into the upper sink it flows down the<br />
n<br />
SINK<br />
t M<br />
=7 i"<br />
^W-Trap A<br />
Taken from Mere<br />
-f'Tjfe t*> Cos*j»>or<br />
SINK WASTE TROUBLES<br />
SINK<br />
li*<br />
J<br />
J Trap A<br />
tyt-Put-Here<br />
7<br />
pipe and creates a back pressure in the tile drain,<br />
which forces the water seal of the lower trap up the<br />
pipe towards the lower sink, but the back pressure is<br />
not great enough to force the water all the way up<br />
to the sink. Therefore this water simply backs up and<br />
holds the back pressure. That causes the bubbles in<br />
the upper sink when the water from that sink flows<br />
down into the tile pipe. When water is poured in<br />
lower sink it runs out into the tile and creates a back<br />
pressure which backs up through waste pipe to the<br />
upper sink and as nothing is there except the length<br />
of the top leg of trap to hold this back pressure, the<br />
bubbles are heard coming through the water seal of<br />
that trap. This did not occur before he moved the<br />
trap for the simple reason that then both traps were<br />
down on the level and the back pressure from either<br />
one immediately caused the water to back up against<br />
the vertical leg which was sufficiently high to withstand<br />
this pressure.<br />
It seems to me that the proper thing to do would<br />
be to open up the cesspool and see if the water is<br />
flowing freely there. If it is, all that will be necessary<br />
is to put a vent in the cesspool. If it does not flow<br />
freely there it would indicate a stoppage which will<br />
have to be found by running a wire in to determine<br />
the point at which the stoppage is located. I think if<br />
he does this he will soon get out of his trouble.<br />
j Renewing a Deep Well Pump Pipe<br />
From D. J. M., New Jersey—The following data on<br />
the repiping of a driven well, in consequence of the<br />
numerous extraordinary conditions, should be beneficial<br />
to those who may be called upon to render a similar<br />
service.<br />
The well is 800 ft. deep and was piped 400 ft. deep.<br />
It was in use 2 years when the brass cylinder dropped<br />
off of the coupling with which it was attached to the<br />
4-in. galvanized standard pipe. The pump is arranged<br />
to deliver water into a 50,000-gal. reservoir, the top of<br />
which is level with the pump house floor. The discharge<br />
pipe from the pump was carried down to within<br />
1 ft. of the bottom of reservoir with a check valve between<br />
the pump and the reservoir. At times it appeared<br />
as though the reservoir leaked and considerable<br />
effort was made to find the leak. Upon the withdrawal<br />
of the 4-in. pump pipe from the well, it was<br />
found that a %-in. hole had been drilled into this pump<br />
pipe just above the cylinder, which accounted for the<br />
leak in the reservoir, as the water siphoned back into<br />
the well through a leaky check valve.<br />
The well was repiped with 4-in. extra heavy galvanized<br />
wrought pipe using a wrought cylinder, brass<br />
lined. The new pipe was given a coat of paraffine inside<br />
and out to prevent rust. The paraffining of the<br />
pipe was accomplished by the use of a galvanized eaves<br />
trough the length of a 4 in. pipe into which was placed<br />
a %-in. pipe connected with a portable steam boiler.<br />
The paraffine was then placed in the gutter and the<br />
steam turned on. The 4-in. pipe was rolled in the melted<br />
paraffine until it got the temperature of paraffine<br />
The result was a nice even coat.<br />
To make the reservoir secure from siphonaee no<br />
hole was drilled in pump pipe below the surface b t<br />
one was put in the pipe in the pit with the valve t<br />
be opened in cold weather. When the discharge n<br />
turned down into the reservoir which was abovl wlrt
November 5, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 489<br />
line a hole was drilled to prevent siphonage in case<br />
the foot valve should leak.<br />
The taking out of the original well pipe and the<br />
replacing of the new pipe was done with block and<br />
fall by hand. The pump house had a large skylight<br />
directly over the well which enabled a tripod to be<br />
used. It was made of 2y2 in. extra heavy pipe. A<br />
length and a half of pipe was used for each upright.<br />
The ends of the one-half length were flattened and<br />
iy-'m. holes punched through them for the bolt to<br />
which was attached a device made of ^j-in. steel. In<br />
the lowering of the pipe ordinary pipe clamps made<br />
of % in. flat iron were used.<br />
After half the piping had been lowered in the well.<br />
the clamps would not hold except under couplings on<br />
account of the paraffine on the pipe. This difficulty<br />
was overcome by tapping jHj-in. set screws into each<br />
side of the clamp.<br />
Information on a Special Boiler Covering<br />
From R. R., New York. The following suggestions<br />
are made for the benefit of "A. R.," whose inquiry<br />
about boiler covering appeared in the issue of <strong>Metal</strong><br />
<strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong>, August 27. To<br />
avoid the possibility of mice eating through the<br />
covering to the insulation on a boiler or piping to get<br />
at the paste, mix with the paste red or cayenne pepper.<br />
To protect the asbestos boiler covering from being<br />
eaten away by dampness try scraping off the covering<br />
which is now in bad condition and replace it with a<br />
mixture of asbestos and a small quantity of Portland<br />
cement and plaster of Paris. Then apply all over one<br />
or two coats of good quality of white lead and oil.<br />
The Studimeter<br />
To what information is the banker entitled before<br />
extending credit to the tradesman? 451<br />
What benefits, besides credit, will the tradesman<br />
derive from close association with his banker? 452<br />
Why is mechanical equipment useless in removing<br />
the accumulation of grease in inaccessible parts of the<br />
sink and waste pipe and what should be used for this<br />
purpose? 453<br />
Who is the logical person to handle chemical solvent<br />
and to explain and urge its use to the housewife? 453<br />
How is the hot water for supplying the various fixtures<br />
in the skyscraper produced and how is the circulation<br />
maintained? 454<br />
What is the typical arrangement of the toilet rooms<br />
and fixtures on one floor of the modern skyscraper<br />
building? 455<br />
What valuable information is given in the two charts<br />
which is of vital interest to the business man? 456<br />
From a careful study of the charts, what is found<br />
to be the item from which the heating contractor<br />
makes his profit? 457<br />
Of what value to the heating and plumbing contractor<br />
is the explanation of the compilation of the<br />
manufacturer's catalogue? 458<br />
What is Duriron and to meet what requirements was<br />
this metal developed? 459<br />
How were the tests to determine the crushing and<br />
the transverse strength of Duriron applied and what<br />
were the results attained? 460<br />
The Perfect Shop Barrel<br />
' The ordinary type of barrel when used in plumbing<br />
and fitting shops is tbe source of much delay and loss<br />
of time. When heavily loaded the barrels are cumbersome<br />
to move and soon become wracked to pieces.<br />
The Perfect shop barrel illustrated, manufactured by<br />
the Detroit Range, Boiler & Steel Barrel Co., Detroit,<br />
Mich., has so many admirable features as to make it<br />
extremely interesting to the plumbing and heating industry<br />
for shop use. It is of rigid construction being<br />
made of 14-gauge steel reinforced by the expanded ring<br />
at the center plus a pronounced bilge, which also makes<br />
for easier handling.<br />
For handling and shipping fittings, cuttings from pipe<br />
machines, rubbish, scrap, and in fact, anything that has<br />
to be placed in a container temporarily, these barrels<br />
will give satisfactory and efficient service, making a<br />
positive saving each time they are moved. They also<br />
have the added factor of safety in that the ring at center<br />
THE "PERFECT" SHOP BARREL<br />
plus the curve of bilge keep the top of barrel a safe<br />
distance from the wall or any object against which it<br />
is placed, thereby preventing injury to the users.<br />
Further information relative to these barrels can be<br />
had by addressing the manufacturer.<br />
Installation of Large Heating Plant—New<br />
<strong>Steam</strong><br />
F. C. Heiles is making a short visit at the home offic<br />
of the National Biscuit Co., having completed the installation<br />
of the new plant with heating system, electrical<br />
outfit and elevators, refrigerating outfit and power plant.<br />
He soon goes to Marseilles, 111., for the same company<br />
to superintend the installation of steam and hydroelectric<br />
plant for the same company.<br />
. Death of Frederick Erb<br />
Frederick Erb, a master plumber of Chicago, died<br />
of apoplexy at the age of 50 years on October 20. He<br />
had conducted a shop at 1389 North Wells street for<br />
many years, and was an active member in the Chicago<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s Association, many of whose members<br />
attended his funeral on October 22. He is survived by<br />
his widow, a daughter and two sons. Interment was<br />
at Waldheim Cemetery.
490 PLUMBER AND<br />
Front Door Policy<br />
The attention given to small details in business are<br />
the thing which in a large measure determine the<br />
reputation of a business among its customers. This<br />
is aptly illustrated by the statement of a very prominent<br />
and successful business man that the chief factor<br />
in making his establishment outstrip his competitor's<br />
was the policy established by him of having his<br />
clerks promptly step out to the edge of the sidewalk<br />
to receive orders from customers arriving in carriages<br />
ur automobiles, rather than forcing the customers to<br />
enter the store. The result of that attention to a<br />
simple detail indicates the appreciation the public has<br />
for courteous service. It costs little and pays a handsome<br />
profit.<br />
Two Dollars Versus One<br />
(<br />
Many men, employers as well as employes, demonstrate<br />
by their daily activities that they do not realize<br />
there is a difference between two dollars and one. At<br />
least, they do not appreciate the difference in value to<br />
the extent that they do their work in a way that will<br />
earn them two dollars in place of one. It is true that<br />
these same men if offered their choice of a two dollar<br />
bill or a one, they would select the two. Yet in<br />
their daily activities they go on selecting singles where<br />
they might be making doubles. The average employer<br />
gives a service that is in many instances not up to<br />
the average or the half way mark. Similarly this is<br />
true as one encounters many employes. The employe,<br />
and the employer too, easily fall into a rut. They go<br />
through the day, realizing to be sure, that they are<br />
doing something, but in the final analysis they never<br />
give the reason why a single thought. They simply<br />
work; they do not think. The employe, as he is often<br />
found, comes to his daily work, knowing he has a<br />
day's work to do. He does it, but too often in the most<br />
routine manner. He does the work but he fails to<br />
think deeply as to why he is doing it either from his<br />
own standpoint or from the standpoint of his employer.<br />
If he were asked, the chances are he would<br />
answer to the effect that he must work for a living.<br />
He works because he needs the money. He doesn't<br />
work, in many cases, to make progress. He does his<br />
work in a manner, but that manner is often nearer<br />
the difference in value between two dollars and one<br />
the fifty per cent mark of perfection that the one<br />
hundred point. And it is because there are so many<br />
STEAM FITTER November 5. 1920<br />
who do their work in this fashion, who conduct their<br />
business on this same plan, that many people do not<br />
seem to appreciate the difference between two dollars<br />
and one. The employer, like the employe, has his own<br />
progress in his own hands. If he will do what he does<br />
do well, he must succeed. If he will only half do it<br />
for the sake of getting it done, then he is fortunate if<br />
he n -.es a mere existence. He must not bemoan his<br />
fate u he is not making as much as he should. He<br />
and he alone is to blame. Let him demonstrate by the<br />
manner in which he does his work that he appreciates<br />
and his progress will be accordingly.<br />
Sanitary Engineering Society Meeting Place<br />
With no intention of any discourtesy to the city of<br />
Dallas. Texas, which was selected by the members of the<br />
American Society of Sanitary Engineering at meeting<br />
in St. Louis last September, there is an objection to<br />
going to that city. It is out of the line of travel which<br />
the majority of those interested would naturally take,<br />
the rlistance being a barrier to many. It is of vital importance<br />
that every opportunity be afforded the members<br />
to attend the Society's meeting and therefore they<br />
should not be handicapped by the selection of a city too<br />
far removed from the center of population. This has<br />
induced the board of directors to authorize a referendum<br />
vote of the entire membership to decide where the next<br />
meeting of the society shall be held. Those who have<br />
views on the matter can well address Secretary Aden E.<br />
Smith, 304 Clinton Building, Columbus, Ohio. What<br />
the society most needs at the present time is an active,<br />
interested membership. If there is any hesitation on<br />
the part of a goodly number to make the trip into the<br />
southwest, even though much benefit would be contributed<br />
to that section by a discussion of sanitary matters<br />
in its center, it is best that the meeting be held<br />
where the larger number can congregate. The society<br />
officers will endeavor to interest those who should participate<br />
in its work to take active membership and this<br />
can best be done by holding the next meeting and<br />
arranging its program so that men of this class will<br />
naturally gravitate to it. This society, with as yet a<br />
comparatively small membership, has done good work<br />
in the sanitary field for the improvement of practice<br />
and is entitled to the best possible consideration. Under<br />
the circumstances, if the trip to Dallas is going to entail<br />
hardship and inconvenience to members of the society, a<br />
change of meeting place can well be adopted.
Noveroit_4c i • m m DUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 491<br />
Death of John B. Allen<br />
A shock came to the heating and ventilating industry<br />
in the announcement of the death of John R. Allen at<br />
his home in Pittsburgh, Pa., on Tuesday evening, October<br />
26, at 10 o'clock p. m. Few men had acquired a<br />
higher esteem and a more thoroughly recognized position<br />
in their chosen field than had this genial, wholesouled<br />
man, who was born in Milwaukee, Wis., July 22,<br />
1869.<br />
He entered the University of Michigan and secured<br />
his B. S. degree in 1892 and the M. E. degree in 1896.<br />
He had practical and business experience as the secretary<br />
of the Comstock Construction Co. and later in the<br />
DEAN JOHN R. ALLEN<br />
firm of Ball & Allen. He later served as instructor,<br />
assistant professor and professor in the University of<br />
Michigan, and while with that institution was selected<br />
by the United States Government to establish a course<br />
in mechanical engineering at Roberts College in Constantinople,<br />
Turkey. He was frequently retained as a<br />
consulting engineer in mining, manufacturing and power<br />
plant work. A few years ago he was elected dean of<br />
engineering at the University of Minnesota.<br />
He joined the American Society of Heating and Ventilating<br />
Engineers in 1906 and served as president in<br />
1912. When the society's committee on research made<br />
arrangements with the United States Government in<br />
connection with the Bureau of Mines to maintain research<br />
work in connection with the laboratory of the<br />
Bureau of Mines in Pittsburgh, Professor Allen was<br />
made the Director of the Bureau and moved to Pittsburgh<br />
about 2 years ago. His work has already been<br />
so systematized that fine results have been attained and<br />
a course of procedure has been formulated for further<br />
work that can be followed readily in the continuation<br />
of work that had been projected.<br />
Professor Allen was held in high esteem in engineering<br />
circles. He had visited the various chapters of the<br />
American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers<br />
and attended the meeting of the Eastern Pennsylvania<br />
Chapter in Philadelphia on October 14. He was President,<br />
Minnesota Chapter, The American Society of<br />
Heating and Ventilating Engineers ; Honorary Member,<br />
National District Heating Association; Member, British<br />
Institute of Heating and Ventilating Engineers;<br />
Member, American Society of Mechanical Engineers;<br />
Member, Society for the Promotion of Engineering<br />
Education; Member of the Honorary Societies, Tau<br />
Beta Pi and Sigma Psi; also a member of the Council<br />
of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.<br />
He had attended a meeting of the latter society on<br />
October 15 and he spent the night the guest of Secretary<br />
C. W. Obert, of the American Society of Heating<br />
and Ventilating Engineers. On Saturday he met with<br />
the Tunnel Commission in consultation in reference to<br />
its ventilation. He took a sleeper for Pittsburgh on<br />
October 16 with a slight cold, which developed into<br />
tonsilitis, later into pneumonia. Information of his<br />
condition was brought to the attention of the members<br />
of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating<br />
Engineers who were intimately acquainted with a pneumonia<br />
specialist, who was immediately emploved to give<br />
his attention to Dean Allen's condition. But unfortunately<br />
his efforts for relief were without success.<br />
Dean Allen's work secured for him a high position<br />
and a profound regard for its basic correctness. It<br />
leaves an impression on the field in which he worked<br />
that is indelible. He was popular in many engineering<br />
societies and with the student body of the universities of<br />
the two states where he labored and has a wide acquaintance<br />
in the allied engineering fields—a genial<br />
whole-souled gentleman, student, teacher and friend<br />
who will be missed by many and mourned by the industry<br />
at large.<br />
His funeral was attended by many friends. He is<br />
survived by Mrs. Allen and one daughter.<br />
Annual Meeting and Progress of [Cleveland<br />
y Engineering Institute<br />
Some marked progress in the affairs of the Cleveland<br />
Engineering Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, has recently<br />
been reported by H. C. Hewitt of the executive<br />
department.<br />
He states that about 75 students are now enrolled<br />
in its heating and ventilating course, with inquiries<br />
coming in daily to the extent that they indicate a big<br />
enrollment for the winter season.<br />
The annual meeting of stockholders was held recently<br />
and a board of real live, progressive directors<br />
elected.<br />
As is generally known, the Cleveland Engineering<br />
Institute was established several years ago with the<br />
idea of giving a course of instruction on heating and<br />
ventilating by correspondence. It has a prospectus of<br />
its courses which it vvill gladly send to anyone interested<br />
taking up this work.<br />
Sanitary Potters' Wages Advance 5 Per Cent<br />
The Sanitary Pottery Manufacturers met with tbe<br />
representatives of the National Brotherhood of Operative<br />
Potters in Atlantic City during the week of October<br />
11. It i.s reported we have just signed an agreement<br />
for 2 years with the reservation that after January 1,<br />
1921, either side has the right to open an agreement<br />
by giving 30 days notice, provided conditions would<br />
warrant such action.<br />
The manufacturers agreed to a horizontal advance<br />
of 5 per cent and in some departments, and on some<br />
particular items the advance amounted to a little more<br />
than 5 per cent. While there was some difficulty in<br />
finally agreeing to sign up a contract on this basis on
492 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITT «fl<br />
account of the men asking for an advance of 35 per<br />
cent, after the matter had been thoroughly discussed<br />
and the manufacturers had shown that the cost of living<br />
had taken a turn and that it was not advisable for<br />
them to advance the selling prices, it was finally accepted.<br />
For 20 years the manufacturers and the workmen<br />
have been meeting in conferences every 2 years and<br />
during that time there has been no strikes or lock-outs<br />
and, while the workmen have been well paid, it seems<br />
fair to assume the manufacturers have been fully repaid<br />
for allowing a liberal wage scale from the mere<br />
fact that they have not found it necessary to stop<br />
operations through labor troubles.<br />
Future Looks Good to Central Supply Men<br />
Record Number Come to Chicago for Twenty-sixth<br />
Meeting of Association, October 20<br />
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE—W. E. Clow, Jr., J. B.<br />
Clow & Sons, Chicago; M. M. Cochran, Cochran-<br />
Sargent Co., St. Paul, Minn.; J. D. Tschopic, Standard<br />
Sanitary Manufacturing Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.; C. V.<br />
Kellogg, Keilogg-Mackay Co., Chicago; J. R. Steneck,<br />
Ex-Offieio, Illinois Malleable Iron Co., Chicago.<br />
NATIONAL COMMITTEE — John Walker, Walker<br />
Manufacturing & Supply Co., Detroit, Mich.; Murray<br />
W. Sales, Murray W. Sales & Co., Detroit. C. V.<br />
Kellogg, Keilogg-Mackay Co., Chicago; Ge<strong>org</strong>e H.<br />
Gorton; W. B. Young Supply Co., Kansas City, Mo.;<br />
A. A. Merkel, Merkel Brothers Co., Cincinnati, Ohio.<br />
DELEGATES TO CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OF THE<br />
U. S.—Ge<strong>org</strong>e H. Bailey, Bailey-Farrell Manufacturing<br />
Co., Pittsburgh, Pa., and Isidore Weil, Weil<br />
Brothers, Chicago.<br />
American Society of Heating and Ventilating<br />
Engineers Meet<br />
That the jobbers of plumbing and heating goods<br />
are keenly interested in conditions in other parts of The opening meeting of the winter season of the N<br />
the country, was evident by the large attendance at York Chapter was made the occasion for a special<br />
the Fall meeting of the Central Supply Association, meeting of the American Society of Heating and Venti<br />
held in the Sherman Hotel, Chicago, October 20. The lating Engineers. President Walter L. Fleisher im<br />
meeting drew men from the Pacific Coast and the mediately on opening the meeting turned it over to<br />
South and a fair representation of Eastern men. Champlain L. Riley, vice-president of the Society, who<br />
The hotel lobby was a bee hive of discussion, and stated that it has been necessary to curtail scheduled<br />
the universal question of "How is business" was gen expenditures for the year. At present there is a shorterally<br />
answered "No demand now but there is a good age of funds which indicated the need for an increased<br />
one in prospect." Stocks of goods are far from revenue. To accomplish this, the members have been<br />
complete, and manufacturers still have unfilled orders notified of a proposed increase in dues of members and<br />
in many lines. They are gradually catching up, and associates to $15.00 and juniors to $12.00 per year.<br />
it is believed that when buyers enter the market again, John F. Hale of the Eastern Pennsylvania Chapter<br />
both manufacturers and jobbers will be in much better reported favorable action taken by that chapter.<br />
shape to fill the demand satisfactorily. Opinions Secretary Obert reported contributions of $2.00 to<br />
agree that any radical cut in prices is not feasible in $5.00 each from 261 members. E. A. Scott offered his<br />
these lines, as present quotations are based on present services and advice on printing arrangements. The<br />
production costs, and advances have been conserva general discussion developed the per capita cost of memtive.<br />
Standards of wages cannot be quickly changed, bers of the society to be $13.50 to $14.00 per member.<br />
and all products requiring iron and steel must remain A motion to support the council prevailed unanimously.<br />
until there is a revision in their prices.<br />
President Fleisher, resuming charge of the meeting,<br />
President Alex Pierce opened the meeting and outlined the needs of the society and his ambition that<br />
spoke of the death of Past-President John F. Wolff it show more advancement and that an effort be made<br />
on October 18. He paid tribute to his work for the by all to have meetings of such broad interest as to be<br />
progress of the industry and then the assembly stood of practical value and in closer touch with the public.<br />
for 30 seconds in respect to his memory.<br />
A. H. Cubberly of the Du Pont Co., addressed the<br />
Five new members were elected as follows: R. T. meeting on transforming of war plants to a peace basis.<br />
Clarkson Co., Memphis, Tenn.; Nailson Bros. Co., He said that this change to a peace basis was purely an<br />
Peoria, 111.; Swank Hardware Co., Johnstown, Pa.; engineering problem. During the war quality and quan<br />
Waterloo Manufacturing Co., Waterloo, la.; Mill & tity were imperative, regardless of cost. In the change<br />
Mine Supply Co., Akron, Ohio.<br />
to peace basis, cost again assumed the dominant place.<br />
At noon a buffet luncheon was served and the This required planning and co-operation between indus<br />
afternoon session followed directly.<br />
trial engineers and sales managers. Many products<br />
The advantages of a yearly joint meeting with the are now being produced commercially in many plants.<br />
Eastern Supply Association were discussed and the A rising vote of thanks was extended to Mr. Cubberly.<br />
matter was referred to the Executive Committee for President Fleisher announced four applications for<br />
action. The stereopticon lecture by William J. membership in the chapter and one for membership in<br />
Woolley, manager of the Trade Extension Bureau, the society, also outlined the program promulgated by<br />
had to be abandoned because of an accident to his the chapter officers for the winter season.<br />
slides due to rough treatment by the express company. The next meeting of the chapter, on November 15,<br />
ELECTION OF OFFICERS<br />
will be devoted to the vehicular tunnel between New<br />
York and New Jersey. This should prove very inter<br />
The officers and directors for the coming year are: esting, as Dean John R. Allen of society's research bu<br />
President—Alex B, Pierce, N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co., reau, was one of the consulting engineers on ventilation.<br />
St. Louis, Mo.; First vice-president, E. C. Garrity, James A. Donnelly stated that Professors Bliss and<br />
National Plumbing & Heating Supply Co., Chicago; Cuyler of the New York University were ready to co<br />
second vice-president, E. I. Leighton, Leighton Supoperate with the chapter in research work. A comply<br />
Co., Fort Dodge, Iowa; treasurer, E. F. Neimittee was appointed to expedite such co-operation.<br />
decken, Hoffman & Billings Manufacturing Co., Mil Walter S. Timmis spoke on making war materials availwaukee,<br />
Wis.<br />
able for home construction.
Novembei _. ,. tu . _. ^ ... „ Z R A N D T E A M F I T T E R 493<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Mehring who with Ge<strong>org</strong>e M. Getschow of<br />
the Illinois chapter was present, congratulated President<br />
Fleisher on the fine start made and said that he would<br />
carry back to Illinois a sound reason for supporting the<br />
council.<br />
John F. Hale expressed his appreciation of the fine<br />
support accorded by Frank K. Chew, particularly while<br />
he, with others, was working to establish the Illinois<br />
Chapter. He also said that the Eastern Pennsylvania<br />
Chapter had 20 applications for membership and urged<br />
all to attend the annual meeting of the society in Philadelphia.<br />
A. C. Edgar of the council was also a guest.<br />
Biser Cups<br />
The cast iron riser cup, manufactured by the Grabler<br />
Manufacturing Co., Cleveland, Ohio, is made to<br />
CAST IRON RISER CUP<br />
fit iron pipes. It is J
494 PLUMBER AND STEAM FI r 5. 1920<br />
may be accomplished in a restricted space. Then follows<br />
illustrations of the single fixture and suggestions<br />
for the complete equipment of any hotel with the<br />
same line.<br />
"Homes of Comfort" is a beautiful booklet prepared<br />
with special reference to the needs of those<br />
about to build or remodel a home. It shows a series<br />
of model bathrooms in the latest design, illustrates<br />
the fixtures separately and gives ample choice for<br />
homes of comfort from the palatial residence to the<br />
modest bungalow. The single fixture or the<br />
complete sanitary equipment for any home may<br />
be examined in the New York Exhibition rooms<br />
of Crane Co., 23 West Forty-fourth street, and<br />
22 West Forty-fifth street, New York City, or in the<br />
many showrooms of the company in the principal<br />
cities. Either of these booklets may be had upon application<br />
to anv of the Crane branch houses or the<br />
New York exhibit rooms.<br />
Calumet Entertains Western Golfers at Final<br />
Meet of Season<br />
Thirty-six members and guests of the Western<br />
Trade Golf Association braved sullen skies to attend<br />
the final meet of 1920 at the Calumet Country<br />
Club, Homewood, 111., on October 26, and enjoyed 18<br />
holes of golf, sprinkled occasionally by contributions<br />
of old Jupiter Pluvius. The morning round was<br />
abandoned after a few holes had been played, so<br />
uo scores were recorded. After 18 holes in the afternoon<br />
J. E. Sharp and T. P. Wade shot a few more to<br />
show how well they liked the going.<br />
After a fried chicken dinner, E. W. Sanborn<br />
acted as chairman in the absence of President<br />
Little and Vice-president Wickersham. The flight<br />
prizes were awarded, and the Guest's prize was won<br />
by W. R. Batcheler.<br />
The association cup went to J. P. Dugger for the<br />
meet, giving him one leg on the trophy. The members<br />
wl have had their names inscribed on the cup during<br />
the year are Messrs. Barnes, Ewing, Byrd, O'Callighan,<br />
Carroll, Whitney and Mason.<br />
The Duffer's cup is retained by Harry E. Harper,<br />
who has been a faithful attendant of every meet, and<br />
has at last realized his ambition of getting a suitable<br />
paper weight for his desk.<br />
R. C. Flinder the lucky man last year now wears<br />
the president's trophy, a neat scarf pin in the form of<br />
a golf club. The runner up, F. S. Crumley, has the<br />
vice-president's trophy, a nice silver cup.<br />
M. J. Czarniecki made the lowest average qualifying<br />
round score, which brought him the nice silver<br />
tray given by Domestic Engineering.<br />
Peter M. Munn won a silver pitcher given by the<br />
Handicapper for the lowest average net score of men<br />
with 30 handicap. The runner up was A. S. Lindeblad,<br />
who received the Captain's trophy.<br />
E. W. Sanborn had an average score of 80 which<br />
gave him the PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER trophy, a<br />
fine silver pitcher.<br />
The most surprised man in the assembly was Harry<br />
E. Harper, who will step out next year in a new golf<br />
suit presented by Bill Byrd as the Commissary prize.<br />
Harold Cross was the winner of the silver pitcher<br />
given by the <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Trade Journal.<br />
A Trap Without A Diaphragm<br />
The chief feature of the Trane Thermetal radiator<br />
trap manufactured by the Trane Co., La Crosse, Wis.,<br />
is that it has no diaphragm. In other respects there<br />
is no radical departure in this entire construction from<br />
the best accepted principles of radiator trap construction.<br />
The thermostatic member of the Trane trap is made<br />
entirely of metal. Its force is self-contained. This<br />
member consists of two perfect cycles of thermostatic<br />
metal joined together to form a figure 8, laid on its<br />
TRANE THERME-AI, RADIATOR TRAP<br />
side with the plunger attached to one cycle below. The<br />
stem which screws into the trap bonnet is attached to<br />
the other cycle at the top. The thermostatic metal in<br />
these two cycles bends or expands outwardly with the<br />
heat, the pressure varying directly with the degrees of<br />
temperature change while the force exerted varies with<br />
the square of the degree of temperature changes. When<br />
steam reaches the trap, therefore, the metal is expanded<br />
to form two perfect circles of larger diameter and in<br />
this construction the action of this expansion in each<br />
cycle is so balanced by the other cycle that both the<br />
force and the motion are not on the bottom part but<br />
are communicated to the plunger in one direction only<br />
and that is straight down onto the seat of trap. Should<br />
air or water of condensation collect in the trap, slight<br />
temperature difference instantly reacts to contract the<br />
cycles and to exert this same force to lift the plunger<br />
off the seat and permit the escape of air or water from<br />
the trap until steam again reaches it.<br />
Complete information relative to these traps can be<br />
bad by addressing the Trane Co. at the La Crosse<br />
address.<br />
Interesting Items from Tennessee<br />
Memphis plumbers report business good but delays<br />
in getting material still apparent. Cast iron pipe and<br />
wrought pipe in certain sizes is scarce at all the supply<br />
houses. The railroad situation is improved and labor<br />
conditions are easier. There is much autumn building<br />
and prospects are good for winter.<br />
James Lowe, well known plumber with office until<br />
recently on North Third street, has discontinued that<br />
office as in the wake of progress the building was torn
November 5. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 495<br />
away for a new structure. It belonged to historic<br />
Memphis. In that block several handsome structures<br />
are to go up soon, nearby the Catholic Club, Third and<br />
Adams, designed by Architects Regan and Weller.<br />
Lew Tisdale, Madison Ave. Memphis has returned<br />
from a trip to Nashville where he attended the annual<br />
meeting of the State Electrical Association.<br />
Mee & Heisler, 260 Vance avenue, Memphis are<br />
among the actives here, conducting their present firm<br />
as contractors for eight years. Both are practical<br />
plumbers and Mr. Heisler is president of the Memphis<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association. In their display rooms<br />
they carry a complete stock at all times.<br />
N. W. Lunda, head of the Southern Heating Co.,<br />
South Second street, Memphis, returned recently from<br />
an extensive trip to the Pacific Coast, stoping in the<br />
mountain of Colorado and Denver, he then went on to<br />
Los Angeles, Cal., Portland, points in Washington and<br />
made good notes on the progress of the Golden West.<br />
This was his first vacation trip in years. During his<br />
absence his father was in charge and the Memphis<br />
firm is loaded down with contracts in and out of the<br />
Jty and looks to see a very active autumn.<br />
The Tri-State Fair at Memphis from September<br />
25 to October 2 was largely attended and a number<br />
of sewerage and sanitary devices were among tbe exhibits<br />
in the Fine Arts Building.<br />
ther contact before entering the overflow pipe for conduction<br />
to irrigation tile for final purification or nitrification.<br />
_ Further information relative to these tanks as to sizes,<br />
pipes, capacities, etc., can be had by addressing the<br />
manufacturers at the above address.<br />
Plant Extensions and Changes<br />
The Hoppes Mfg. Co., Belmont avenue, Springfield,<br />
Ohio, manufacturer of water purification equipment,<br />
has completed plans for the erection of a twostory<br />
addition, 45.x 78 ft.<br />
The Illinois Malleable Iron Co., 1801 Diversey<br />
Boulevard, Chicago, has let a contract for a onestory<br />
plant, 40 x 75 ft., 2926 North Paulina street, to<br />
cost $7000.<br />
The Blackmer Rotary Pump Co., Petoskey, Mich.,<br />
has increased<br />
$280,000.<br />
its capitalization from $180,000 to<br />
The Perfection Septic Tank<br />
William F. Kahler, Los Angeles, manufacturer of<br />
centrifugal sprinkling equipment, has acquired property<br />
on Columbia Street, South Pasadena, Cal., for a<br />
new plant estimated to cost about $40,000.<br />
The Michigan Lubricator Co., Detroit, manufacturer<br />
of lubricating devices, has increased its capital<br />
from $200,000 to $1,000,000.<br />
The Roto Pump Manufacturing Co., Detroit, has<br />
been <strong>org</strong>anized by William L. Ruttledge, 1600 McLel-<br />
The Perfection septic tank, manufactured by the lan Avenue, and others with a capital stock of $50,000,<br />
United Cement Products Co., 316 Board of Trade for the manufacture of pumps and accessories.<br />
building. Indianapolis, Ind., is constructed of reinforced The National Pipe & Foundry Co., Atlanta, Ala., has<br />
concrete, as shown in the cut, and has three chambers increased its capital from $100,000 to $525,000.<br />
and contact bed for the reduction of the sewage. It The Crane Co., Ltd., 88 Terauley street, Toronto,<br />
will also be seen that both inlet and outlet are sealed. has had plans prepared by William Steele & Son,<br />
Pasteur discovered that some bacteria which he called architects, Ryrie Building, Toronto, for a pipe shop.<br />
an aerobic could live and work only where air was Bids are being received by the architects.<br />
present and other bacteria which he called an anaerobic The Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co., Louisville, Ky.,<br />
will build a one-story brick factory at Sixth and A<br />
streets, 42 x 150 ft. 'it vvill cost about $40,000.<br />
The Rensselaer Valve Co., Van Schaick Island,<br />
§K^|__W|<br />
Troy, N. Y., has increased its capital from $500,000<br />
to $1,200,000.<br />
Warren Webster & Co., Camden, N. J., feed water<br />
heaters, has established a branch office at 15 East<br />
Fayette street, Baltimore, Md., and has appointed<br />
Louis G. Vance as Baltimore district manager.<br />
/>___>_&__<br />
The St. Louis Pump & Equipment Co., International<br />
Life Building, St. Louis, recently <strong>org</strong>anized to manu<br />
With side cut away to expose interior<br />
facture rotary and other pumping machinery, vvill<br />
operate a temporary plant, pending the establishment<br />
of a permanent works. John C. Roberts, Jr., president.<br />
Through bankers the Greenfield Tap & Die Corporation<br />
Greenfield, Mass., is offering for public subscription'<br />
$2 255 000 8 per cent cumulative preferred stock,<br />
par $100, a part of a $5,000,000 issue. Tlie concern<br />
PERFECTION SEPTIC TANK<br />
has an authorized capitalization of $11,500,000, ot<br />
which $6,755,000 is outstanding. There never has<br />
could live and work only where oxygen was absent. existed a bonded debt on the property.<br />
He also discovered a third class of bacteria which he<br />
called facultative which could live under either aerobic<br />
or anaerobic conditions, however, not always acting<br />
with equal strength.<br />
The Perfection tank is designed to utilize the action<br />
of the anaerobic bacteria in that both inlet and outlet<br />
Barrett Co. Baseball Team<br />
Championship<br />
Wins Zone<br />
are sealed to prevent air entering the chamber, thus insuring<br />
a free action of the anaerobic bacteria. The<br />
effluent passing through the contact bed at the point<br />
where it leaves the septic tank is thus subjected to fur-<br />
The baseball team of the Barrett Co.'s Chicago<br />
branch is the champion of the Southwest Zone of the<br />
Chicago Industrial Athletic League vvhile the West-
496 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 5, 1920<br />
ern Electric Co.'s team holds the league championship.<br />
The league is sponsored by the Chicago Association of<br />
Commerce and is composed of 52 teams in six zones.<br />
Handsome trophies were awarded the winning teams<br />
of each zone as well as to the champions of the league<br />
and are now making an imposing display in the showwindows<br />
of Thomas E. Wilson & Co. athletic out<br />
McAlear Heavy Duty Begulating Valve<br />
The McAlear Heavy Duty regulating valve, manufactured<br />
by the McAlear manufacturing Co.,<br />
1901-7 South Western avenue, Chicago, 111., is<br />
designed for use in connection with heavy duty<br />
MCALEAR HEAVY DUTY REGULATING VALVE<br />
service requiring positive control, regardless of variations<br />
in the initial pressure up to full capacity of the<br />
valve.<br />
High pressure steam is connected to the opening indicated<br />
by the arrow. When the reduced pressure<br />
reaches the point desired it acts underneath a small<br />
metal diaphragm No. 13 pressing the spring No. 15<br />
and allowing spring No. 11 to close the valve No. 10,<br />
cutting off the high pressure steam communication<br />
with the piston chamber. When this is done spring<br />
No. 4 together with the high pressure forces the disc<br />
No. 3 to its seat. When reduced pressure drops below<br />
the point required and it is desired to open the<br />
valve spring No. 15 forces the metal diaphragm downward<br />
and opens valve No. 10, admitting the high pressure<br />
steam to piston chamber through dotted line No.<br />
4 thereby forcing valve No. 3 from its seat and admitting<br />
high pressure steam to the reduced pressure<br />
side of valve. Information relative to prices, weights<br />
and dimensions of these valves can be had by addressing<br />
the company.<br />
Necessity for Saving Coal Offers Chance to<br />
Sell Insulating Materials<br />
The necessity of saving coal this winter provide<br />
furnace man with a good opportunity to call attention<br />
to insulating materials to accomplish this. The Richards<br />
Manufacturing Co., Grand Rapids, Mich., is prefitters,<br />
Monroe street & Wabash avenue, Chicago, 111.<br />
A ROLL OF INSULATING MATERIAL<br />
pared to furnish asbestos paper and roll board in various<br />
weights, also air cell asbestos covering for wrapping<br />
warm-air pipes and lining furnaces. The company<br />
carries a full line of asbestos products, hair felt<br />
and mineral wood for any insulating service.<br />
|Betail Trade Extension Work Bulletin<br />
Activities of commercial <strong>org</strong>anizations in retail<br />
extension work are set forth in a comprehensive and<br />
instructive bulletin just issued by the Organization<br />
Service Bureau of the Chamber of Commerce of the<br />
United States, Washington, D. C. The material contained<br />
in the bulletin was gathered from all parts of<br />
the country where different methods of trade extension<br />
work have been carried on.<br />
In enumerating the many factors in retail trade extension<br />
the bulletin says: "Every activity of a chamber<br />
of commerce which increases the purchasing power<br />
of its community and the surrounding territory has its<br />
effect upon retail business. Civic improvements, industrial<br />
development, good roads activities, improvement<br />
of transportation facilities, cooperation with<br />
county farm bureaus and improvement of marketing<br />
facilities of farmers fall within this category and are<br />
very important from the larger viewpoint of retail<br />
trade extension. Just what "it means to the retail<br />
business of a town to have clean and well lighted<br />
streets, good schools, good water, attractive parks and<br />
playgrounds, ample facilities, busy factories, a prosperous<br />
farming country, etc., requires no argument as<br />
they bear effectively upon successful merchandising<br />
in any community.<br />
"Tbe essential object of commercial <strong>org</strong>anization<br />
retail trade promotion is, of course, the development<br />
of business through cooperative effort. The elements<br />
which influence its success are cooperation of merchants,<br />
quality, suitability, and price of their stocks,<br />
service, advertising campaigns which vvill reach the<br />
buyers in retail trade areas, displays which attract<br />
attention and stimulate buying."<br />
Some of the special methods of promoting retail<br />
trade discussed in the Bulletin are: Acquaintance<br />
Trips and Community Houses, Special Retail Sales<br />
Days, Dollar Day Sales. Other Special Day Sales,<br />
Spring and Fall Openings, Salesmanship Clubs and<br />
Retail Selling Classes, Compilation of Mailing Lists.<br />
In regard to the financing of retail trade extension<br />
activities, in many cases it is provided for by a<br />
budget set aside by the local chamber of commerce.
November 5, 1920<br />
P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
The bulletin specifies that the retail trade work of<br />
the chamber of commerce includes a number of activities<br />
which are not directly related to the trade promotion<br />
or extension such as:<br />
Obtaining speakers to address merchants on retail<br />
trade problems.<br />
"Prosecution of transient merchants who have not<br />
complied with local regulations.<br />
"Warning the public against sales of goods by peddlers<br />
who misrepresent their wares.<br />
"Championing cause of retail in all legislation affecting<br />
his interest, local, state or national.<br />
"Protecting members against advertising mediums<br />
which have no advertising value.<br />
"Promotion of cooperative delivery, uniform closing<br />
hours and holiday agreements.<br />
"Obtaining the adoption of uniform rules concerning<br />
the return of merchandise granting of discounts,<br />
etc.<br />
"Conducting of pay-up campaigns.<br />
"Obtaining from <strong>org</strong>anizations in other towns and<br />
the issuance to its members of confidential information<br />
on check f<strong>org</strong>ers, shoplifters, fake solicitors and all<br />
kinds of frauds.<br />
"Exchanging of credit information among its members."<br />
The Swartwout Water Heater and Beceiver<br />
The Swartwout heater and receiver type feed water<br />
heater, No. 2 unit heater is shown in the accompanying<br />
illustration. In operation the steam enters the ex-<br />
SWARTOUT WATER HEATER AND RECEIVER<br />
haust inlet and comes in contact with deflectors and<br />
the amount of steam required in heating water is<br />
controlled by the cut-out valve control with the wheel<br />
handle at the front of the heater. The feed water<br />
entering through the water inlet valve at top of the<br />
heater passes over the plates, indicated in the center<br />
of illustration, which act as heating and lime deposit<br />
trays, the heated water dropping- down to the lower<br />
level where the proper amount of water is maintained<br />
by the float valve direct connected with the water inlet<br />
valve.<br />
The heater is equipped with a coke filter as shown<br />
497<br />
in the lower section of illustration which is immediately<br />
above the pump suction. Provision is also made<br />
as shown at the left, for the overflow cut-out valve<br />
wa Jfr gage, trap and blow-off valve.<br />
The Swartwout is a complete heating unit and designed<br />
to be adaptable to all kinds of service to which<br />
an open or direct type of heater may be subjected<br />
Information relative to sizes and prices can be had bv<br />
addressing The Ohio Body & Blower Co., Cleveland,<br />
Ohio.<br />
New Manager of Boiler Department<br />
The Utica Heater Co.. Utica, New York and Chicago,<br />
J11, manufacturers of the Super-Smokeless Boiler, announces<br />
to the trade that it has secured the services of<br />
P. M. Beecher as manager of the Boiler Department.<br />
Mr. Beecher ha_ already entered upon his duties and<br />
vvill be located at the company's main office in Uti tica.<br />
New York.<br />
Death of M. J. Duffy<br />
Michael J. Duffy, died at his home, 2133 West Chestnut<br />
street, Louisville, Ky. Mr. Duffy was 67 years of<br />
age and his activity in the plumbing field had made him<br />
the head of the successful business and had led to his<br />
selection at one time to form one of the executive committee<br />
of the National Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s.<br />
Mr. Duffy was president of the firm of M. J. Duffy<br />
& Sons, plumbers, 521 West Market street. Born in<br />
Louisville, he spent part of his boyhood in Ireland, returning<br />
here to engage in'the plumbing business when a<br />
young man.<br />
He is survived by Mrs. Marie Corbet Duffy and three<br />
sons, John and Martin J. will continue the plumbing<br />
business at 521 West Market street established by their<br />
father, and William, who attained some fame as an<br />
athlete, is now a member of the Louisville Bar Association.<br />
Addition to Thomas Maddock's Sons Co. Staff<br />
Garland Mitchell is a new member of the staff of<br />
Thomas Maddock's Sons Co., Trenton, N. J., and has<br />
just started calling on the trade in Michigan, Indiana,<br />
Kentucky and Illinois south of Chicago.<br />
Where Nature Does the Pumping<br />
The sectional view of a ram, manufactured by the<br />
Goulds Manufacturing Co., Seneca Falls, N. Y., shows<br />
that the water flows down through the supply pipe G<br />
passing into B and on through the outlet in the impetus<br />
valve F until the constantly increasing pressure<br />
lifts this valve and closes it. This stops the flow of<br />
water in this direction and the shock due to its sudden<br />
stoppage causes it to force open the check valve<br />
Iv which is the only other outlet. When sufficient<br />
water passes through E into the chamber A to relieve<br />
the pressure due to the sudden stoppage of B, the<br />
check valve E closes, the impetus valve F opens again<br />
and the same operations are repeated. The air in the
498 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 5. 1920<br />
chamber A acts as a cushion absorbing the shock and<br />
maintaining a steady even flow of water through the<br />
delivery pipe A.<br />
This description of the ram's action indicates that<br />
a portion of the water is wasted to operate the ram<br />
but the power which operates it is obtained at no cost<br />
and no attention is required.<br />
Rams are of special interest to plumbers as there are<br />
SECTIONAL VIEW OF GOULD RAM<br />
thousands of places throughout the country where<br />
they could be installed and would furnish a satisfactory<br />
and constant source of running water. Rams<br />
can be had in sizes to give satisfactory service on a<br />
flow from 2 to 4 gal. per minute, delivering from 10<br />
to 20 gal. per hour up to sizes using 20 gal. per minute<br />
and delivering 100 gal. per hour. Information can be<br />
had relative to prices, sizes, proportionate head of fall<br />
giving highest efficiency, etc., by addressing the manufacturers<br />
at the above address.<br />
One Screw Does the Work of Two<br />
In the illustration of the concealed screw hanger,<br />
manufactured by the Grabler Manufacturing Co, Cleveland,<br />
Ohio, it will be seen that one long screw placed<br />
through center of hanger holds this securely in place.<br />
This has an advantage in that, if the one screw is placed<br />
on center line where pipe is to go, it positively maintains<br />
the line of chase for pipe and eliminates the neces-<br />
CONCEALED SCREW HANGER<br />
sity of lining up the base of hanger, which is necessary<br />
to make a neat looking job when using the oblong base<br />
hangers. This hanger allows of a very neat finish and<br />
is strong and durable. Complete information can be<br />
had relative to sizes, prices, etc., by addressing the company.<br />
Increase in Capitalization<br />
The Universal Products Co., Sandusky, Ohio, and<br />
Oshkosh, Wis., has completed plans for an increase in<br />
capitalization to $500,000. The plans include the purchase<br />
of the H. C. Doman Co., Oshkosh, Wis., and<br />
the removal of the main offices from Sandusky, Ohio,<br />
to Oshkosh, Wis. The new company will continue to<br />
manufacture the Universal Products electric lighting<br />
and power plants and the Doman marine engines.<br />
The officers of the new company will be: President,<br />
L. E. Wilson; vice-president, R. K. Schriber; secretary,<br />
Charles H. Eichinger; treasurer, Louis Schriber.<br />
Death of Thomas E. Manney<br />
Thomas E. Manney, a prominent master plumber of<br />
Providence, R. I., died recently in Wolfboro, N. H.<br />
He was a native of Lawrence, Mass., was born in<br />
1864 and learned his trade as an apprentice. He<br />
served in the Rhode Island General Assembly as a<br />
Representative and was a member of many fraternal<br />
and social <strong>org</strong>anizations. He first served as a journeyman<br />
with the Thomas Phillips Co. and in 1894 entered<br />
into business for himself.<br />
New Treatment of Hot Water Heating<br />
(Continued from Page 48"])<br />
tained, are things which cannot be explained but must<br />
be learned by experience on each individual plant.<br />
Numerous attachments for the automatic regulation<br />
of hot-water heaters are on the market which will shut<br />
off the draught when a certain condition exists. Someof<br />
these are operated by electricity, some by the expansion<br />
of a volatile fluid and some by the temperature<br />
of the water itself. With the exception of the<br />
last class, which is used mostly for regulating the<br />
temperature of tanks, an ornamental fixture on the<br />
wall of one of the principal rooms contains a thermometer<br />
and an attachment which starts a motor and<br />
shuts the dampers when the room reaches the desired<br />
temperature, and opens them again when the thermometer<br />
falls below the point desired. Most of these<br />
work with great accuracy if the heater is powerful<br />
enough to maintain the necessary heat in the house for<br />
the length of time which usually elapses between firing.<br />
(To Be Continued)<br />
Pertinent Facts on Power Pipe Machines<br />
(Continued from Page 482)<br />
such information you are in a position to accurately<br />
determine the merits of power machinery for your<br />
requirements.<br />
It is so easy to acquire this information that all progressive<br />
shops should avail themselves of the opportunity<br />
so that they can, at the earliest opportunity,<br />
have the advantage of power threading and cutting<br />
equipment and thus reduce unnecessary losses in this<br />
branch of their operation.<br />
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| No GREATER Loss Is ENDURED BY THE HEAT- 1<br />
jj ING AND PLUMBING TRADE THAN LIMITED 1<br />
1 PRODUCTION DUE TO POOR EQUIPMENT 1<br />
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THE MABKET<br />
New York Comments<br />
STEAM GOODS<br />
Improvement in the delivery of boilers and radiators<br />
by the railroad has materially assisted in clearing up of<br />
hack orders, while the demand has held under normal.<br />
Manufacturers have thereby been enabled to work their<br />
forces against shorts and are, in most cases, in a more<br />
favorable condition to make shipments promptly. The<br />
season's demand for repair and alteration parts continues<br />
strong, holding somewhat above normal. Indications<br />
are that peak prices have been reached; however,<br />
the scarcity and high price of coal will allow of<br />
but very little recession of prices, if any, for the immediate<br />
future. Heating brass goods continue improvement<br />
in shipments and deliveries with prices holding firm with<br />
moderate demand.<br />
PLUMBING<br />
Black and galvanized steel pipe continues to show<br />
improvement. The supply of smaller sizes of black and<br />
galvanized wrought iron pipe are completely exhausted<br />
among local jobbers, with very little promise of immediate<br />
relief. There is still an insistent demand for<br />
both wrought iron and steel pipe, black and galvanized,<br />
for domestic, as well as a heavy demand for export,<br />
particularly in the larger sizes for line pipes. Smaller<br />
sizes for domestic use are being consumed as quickly<br />
as shipments arrive.<br />
In enamel ware prices hold firm, delivery and shipments<br />
are better, still many sizes are difficult to get<br />
and can only be had for delivery in three to six weeks.<br />
No stocks are accumulating in jobbing houses, although<br />
buying continues to cover urgent needs only.<br />
Back orders of vitreous ware are being rapidly cleared<br />
up, with prices holding firm. Buying is hesitant, although<br />
with the increase granted to the potters the indications<br />
point to no great recession from the present<br />
level of prices in the immediate future.<br />
Standard weight soil pipe and fittings are still scarce,<br />
shipments being assimilated bv the trade, on back orders<br />
and necessary buying, as they arrive. Extra heavy soil<br />
and fittings while more plentiful are moving out ot<br />
jobbers stocks and about balancing shipments. Prices<br />
are at peak, in a hesitant market.<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s brass goods show improvement in delivery<br />
of standard parts. Specials are still difficult to obtain,<br />
with no appreciable change in prices.<br />
Chicago Comments<br />
Buyers are keenly interested in material prices, but<br />
refrain from buying except for work m hand. Prices<br />
according to manufacturers and jobbers are on a lirm<br />
basis, with plants continuing on old orders, and materials<br />
easier as regards delivery. Pipe has been<br />
particularly scarce in tbe Chicago district for some<br />
time and the arrival during October of nearly 6,000<br />
tons bv boat has tended to relieve the situation.<br />
Arrivals of fittings are slow, but bath tub deliveries<br />
are better. The recent advance of 5 per cent granted<br />
pottery workers, it is stated, will be absorbed by makers.<br />
The only items which have recently showed a slight<br />
reduction are plumbers' lead goods. As the large<br />
proportion of the cost of making plumbing and heating<br />
goods is for labor and with only a conservative<br />
margin between costs and selling prices, manufacturers<br />
are not in position to make radical reductions.<br />
Pig Iron and Steel— So little business in pig<br />
iron is being done that the real market price is<br />
difficult to judge, while No. 2 foundry is nominally<br />
$46 to $47, $43 to $45 has been done. Necessity is<br />
the only reason for buying, and with buyers and<br />
sellers deadlocked production is being curtailed in<br />
some places in Western Pennsylvania and the Mahoning<br />
Valley, where furnaces have been banked<br />
or blown out. From various points reports have come<br />
that efforts to meet purchasers views by granting lovyer<br />
prices is considered fruitless. The steel situation<br />
shows up the brightest, though it is more prospective<br />
than actual. Operations average about 75 per cent<br />
capacity. Greater activity is expected because of the<br />
long delayed equipment needs of railroads and<br />
structural buyers.<br />
Copper—Consumers have bought only for immediate<br />
needs believing that the continued softening<br />
tendency indicates that the bottom had not been<br />
reached. A large surplus remains, and producers hold<br />
their price firmly at 16 cents, while small sellers have<br />
done some business at a J_ cent lower. Buyers are<br />
looking for a 15 cent level, though producers cannot<br />
see this concession in view of a price of 15 1 . cents<br />
obtained for metal at auction on the New York Exchange.<br />
. . ,<br />
Tin—The market is showing more strength and<br />
prices are quotably higher. Bar tin in Chicago being<br />
45>. to 47y cents. .<br />
Lead—Th\s metal is lower, with reduced prices for<br />
ores noted. In Chicago pig lead is now 7.45 cents<br />
and bar lead 8.20 cents.<br />
Zinc—Production of both ores and smelted metal<br />
continues to decline, with a total lack of interest by<br />
buyers. Further concessions were made in Chicago<br />
prices, slabs now bringing 7y cents.<br />
c0/dt,r_Chicago prices for warranted halt and<br />
half, 29y4 commercial 45-55, 27y cents and plumbers<br />
25X cents.<br />
Pig Iron<br />
A $4 00 per ton drop in coke prices has softened the<br />
oig iron market about $2.00 to $3.00 per ton. In<br />
some markets resale iron sellers are competing and<br />
sales are made below furnace prices.<br />
NEW YORK<br />
East Pa No. 1 fdy Sil 275 to 3.25 $52.52 to $55.52<br />
£S Pa No. 2X fdy Sil 2.2 to . — JgS |._<br />
East Pa No. 2 fdy S 175 to «S- 47 46 to 4946<br />
Buffalo S Y\ £fg" 51.16to 54.16<br />
Virginia No. 2 Sil l./S to _._:)
500 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 5. 1920<br />
CHICAGO<br />
Old Rubber—Scant business has affected the market<br />
adversely.<br />
Northern Coke No. 1 Sil $2.25 to $2.75. .$45.25 to $48.25<br />
Northern Coke fdy No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25.. 43.00 to 46.00 are:<br />
Wholesale dealers buying quotations<br />
Southern Coke fdy No. 1 Sil Soft 2.75 to 3.25.. 49.67 to 51.67<br />
Southern Coke fdy No. 2<br />
Southern foundry Sil<br />
PHILADELPHIA<br />
2.25 to 2.75.. 47.92 to 49.92<br />
1.75 to 2.25.. 46.87 to 49.92<br />
Boots and shoes 5 to ly2<br />
Trimmed Arties<br />
Auto tires<br />
Bicycle tires<br />
4 to 4J_<br />
1J_ to lj-i<br />
1 to 1%<br />
Eastern Pa No. 2 Plain Sil $1.75 to $2.25. .$50.54 to $52.54 Solid tires 154 to 2<br />
Eastern Pa No. 2X Sil 2.25 to 2.75.. 51.54 to 53.79 No. 1 inner tubes 8 to 9<br />
Virginia No. 2 Plain Sil 1.75 to 2.25.. 52.75 to 53.74 Mixed white scrap 4 to 4%<br />
Virginia No. 2X Sil 2.2S to 275.. 53.99 to 54.99 Mixed red scrap 3^_ to 4<br />
CLEVELAND<br />
Mixed black scrap l._ to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose 54 to 1%<br />
Northern No. 2 fdy Sil $1.75 to $2.25.. $46.96 to $48.96 Garden hose ..to 1<br />
Southern fdy Sil 2.25 to 2.75.. 49.92 Old Rags.—Irregularity is the characteristic of the<br />
CINCINNATI<br />
market with buyers more exacting and the trend<br />
downward. Wholesale dealers prices are:<br />
Southern Coke Sil $1.75 to $2.25 (base price) $46.50<br />
Southern Coke Sil 2.25 to 2.75 (No. 2 Soft) 47.75<br />
Southern Ohio No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25 (No. 2) 47.52<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap. Iron, Nezv York.—So little doing that price<br />
trend is not clear. Dealers inclined to hold to present<br />
prices. Prices which dealers in New York and Brooklyn<br />
are quoting to local foundries, per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $37.50 to $38.50<br />
No. 1 heavy cast columns, building materials,<br />
etc., cupola size 37.50 to 38.50<br />
No. 1 heavy cast not cupola size 27.00 to 28.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc.) 27.00 to 28.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in diam., not under<br />
2 ft. long) 16.00 to 17.00<br />
Stove plate 23.00 to 24.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago.—Further declines in prices are<br />
noted with little buying. Dealers quote:<br />
No 1 Cast $26.00 to $27.00<br />
Machine Shop Turnings 8.00 to 8.50<br />
Cast Borings 11.00 to 11.50<br />
Stove Plate 24.00 to 25.00<br />
Grate Bars 23.00 to 23.50<br />
Railroad Malleable 22.00 to 22.50<br />
Agricultural Malleable 25.00<br />
Country Mixed 13.00 to 14.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Nezv York.—The market is suddenly<br />
declining and practically no business is being transacted.<br />
Quotations are entirely nominal. Dealers' buying<br />
prices are as follows:<br />
Cents<br />
per lb.<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible $12.50<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 11.50<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 10 50<br />
Brass, heavy 8 00<br />
Brass, light 5.75<br />
Heavy machine composition 12.00<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 7.00<br />
No. 1 red brass or compositon turnings 10.50<br />
Lead, heavy 5.50<br />
Lead, tea 4.00<br />
Zinc 4.25<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago—The prices for which dealers<br />
vvill buy old metals are as follows:<br />
Red Brass 11<br />
Yellow Brass, heavy 7<br />
Yellow Brass, light • 5<br />
Copper, heavy and clips 11<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 9<br />
Lead Pipe 4?4<br />
Tin Foil 28<br />
Block Tin Pipe • • 33<br />
Pewter No. 1 22 1 /.<br />
Zinc • 4<br />
Soldered Toints 7y2<br />
No. 1 whites $8.00 to $8.50<br />
No. 2 whites 475 to 5.00<br />
Thirds and Blues 2.75 to 3.00<br />
Straight garments L50 to 1.60<br />
Hard back carpets 1.30 to 1.40<br />
Soft back carpets 3.50 to 3.75<br />
_^<br />
Paper Stock—An absolutely dull market gives opportunity<br />
for raids on prices that make any quotation<br />
nominal. Wholesale dealers' buying qualities for New<br />
York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $2.80 to $2.91<br />
Crumpled news 1.30 to 1.4*<br />
Notes on Prices New York<br />
Linseed Oil.—The market has been tumbling and in<br />
large lots some buyers expect 90c oil as sales at 98c<br />
to $1.00 have been reported in one carload sale and one<br />
small lot at $1.01. The market continues weak and<br />
carloads are nominally carloads $1.01 to $1.04 per gallon<br />
and less than 5 bbl. lots at $1.07 to $1.10. In<br />
lots of 5 bbls. and over city raw American seed is<br />
quoted at $1.04 to $1.07 and out of town raw American<br />
seed is quoted at $1.04 to $1.07 . In less than 5<br />
bbl. lots 3c more per gallon is asked. Boiled oil brings<br />
2c more than raw.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.—The price has tumbled<br />
steadily and now lacking in demand to protect it from<br />
further decline. The whole sale price in machine<br />
barrels in yards is $1.10 per gallon.<br />
Rosins.—After quite a drop rosin has a new firmness<br />
at slight advance over the low point of $12.75<br />
but without activity. On the basis of 280 lbs. to the<br />
barrel the wholesale price of common-to-good strained<br />
is $13.00. Grade D is $12.85.<br />
Heating Engineers Officers Meet in Pittsburgh<br />
The Research Committee of the American Society of<br />
Heating and Ventilating Engineers has arranged with<br />
the officers and Council to meet in Pittsburgh next week<br />
as a result of the death of Dean John R. Allen, director<br />
of Research work.<br />
The committee is impressed with the amount and value<br />
of the work that Dean Allen had accomplished and<br />
what he had outlined and under way, not only in the<br />
Bureau of Mines Laboratory, but also in various institutions<br />
where research work was being conducted as the<br />
result of his activities.<br />
The work for the present is being taken care of by<br />
Professor S. E. Dibble of tbe Carnegie Institute.
November 5, 1920 P L UMBER AND STEAM FITTER 501<br />
Market Resume 1914 to 1920<br />
A resume of the quotations on copper, iron and<br />
pig lead for the past 6 years is of more than passing<br />
interest. It shows that quotations on copper for<br />
the past 7 months have held around the level of<br />
October, 1915, while quotations on basic pig iron,<br />
Valley furnace, have steadily followed an upward<br />
trend since October, 1917, with the exception of the<br />
depression from April to October, 1919 the quotations<br />
during the past 3 months rapidly advancing<br />
toward the peak reached in July, 1917.<br />
Quotations on steel billets, open hearth Valley<br />
f<strong>org</strong>e, have followed a more rugged path and after<br />
rapidly rising to the peak in July, 1917, they violently<br />
broke to $47.50 and held stubbornly to that<br />
figure until October, 1919, gradually declining to<br />
$38.50 in October, 1919, and again rapidly climbing<br />
back the level of January, 1917, and holding<br />
firm.<br />
The quotations on pig lead reached the peak in<br />
July, 1917, then broke sharply, and, after alternately<br />
advancing and declining to April, 1919, rapidly<br />
again gained strength, at present showing a very<br />
firm tone. The wholesale price of these commodities<br />
for the year 1914 and 1920 as listed below are<br />
taken from the Commerce Monthly September issue<br />
published by the National Bank of Commerce,<br />
New York City, and are available for date nearest<br />
the fifteenth of each month. These quotations are<br />
believed to be correct as of the dates designated<br />
but their accuracy is not guaranteed :<br />
Commodity Unit Jan. Apr. July Oct. Jan. Apr, July Oct.<br />
Copper<br />
Electrolytic,<br />
early delivery,<br />
New<br />
York<br />
Iron & Steel<br />
Gents per<br />
Ib. 14.12,17 14371; 13 50<br />
11.37-H 13.75 J 16.62M 19.25 1S.00<br />
Pig iron, basic,<br />
Valley furnace.<br />
Steel billets<br />
open hearth. Hols, per<br />
Pittsburgh gross ton 20.00<br />
Lead—Pie,<br />
early deliv<br />
21.00 19.00<br />
20.00 19.001. 20.00 ] 22.00 25.00<br />
ery, New<br />
York<br />
Cents per<br />
Ib. 4.10 3.80 3.90 3.50 3.70 4.20 5.62! i 4.50<br />
Commodity Unit Jan.<br />
1916<br />
Copper Cents per<br />
etc. lb. 23.62H 28.25 25.25<br />
Iron & Steel<br />
etc. Dols. etc. 3 ..00 45.00 42.00<br />
Apr. July Oct. Jan.<br />
1917<br />
Apr. July Oct.<br />
28.50 28.75 32.00 28.50 23.50<br />
45.00 65.00 75.00 100.00 47.50<br />
Lead—otc. Cents per<br />
lb. 5.90 7.75 6.35 7.00 7.50 9.35 10.75 * 7.00<br />
Commodity Unit Jan.<br />
1918<br />
Copper Cents per<br />
etc. lb. 23.50 23.50 26.00<br />
Iron & Steel<br />
etc. Dols. ele. 47.50 47.50 47.50<br />
Apr. July Oct. Jan.<br />
1919<br />
Apr. July Oct.<br />
26.00 20.00 15.25 21.75 22.25<br />
47.50 43.50 38.50 38.50 38.50<br />
Lead—etc. Cents per<br />
lb. 7.00 6.95 8.05 8.05 5.62'_ 4.95 5.60 6.35<br />
Commodity Unit Jan. Feb. Mar.<br />
Copper Cents per<br />
et«. lb. 19.25 18.50 18.00<br />
Iron c_ Steel<br />
etc. Dols. etc. 45.00 58.00 60.00<br />
1920<br />
Apr. May June July An?<br />
18.75 1S.37H 17.87 18.75 . 18.62J_<br />
65.00 65.00 65.00 65.00 60.00<br />
Lead—etc. Cents per<br />
lb. 8.75 9.00 9.37', 9.00 8.50 8.65 8.60 9.25<br />
Copyrighted by Bank of Commerce<br />
THESE FIGURES SPELL<br />
SATISFACTION<br />
300,000<br />
Vogel Frost - Proof<br />
Closets Now in Use<br />
The wide-awake plumber finds an<br />
unlimited field for Vogel F ost-Proof<br />
Closets.<br />
Get VOGEIiS from<br />
There is a lot of "Vogel" Frost-<br />
Proof business in your locality. Look<br />
in the garages, shops, Isolated and<br />
unheated places—plenty of work for<br />
you to do and each "Vogel" installation<br />
means a handsome profit.<br />
Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER zvlien you write<br />
They are easy to sell,<br />
simple and inexpensive to<br />
install and reliable in<br />
service. Cannot freeze.<br />
No water in tank or any<br />
part of closet when not in<br />
operation.<br />
your jobber<br />
Wilmington Delaware<br />
Uses Less Soap<br />
Needs Less Attentio<br />
The time employes waste in caring for individ<br />
ual soap fixtures is saved under this system, and<br />
liquid soap is more economical than having bar<br />
soap for every basin.<br />
Watrous Liquid<br />
(Gravity)<br />
Soap System<br />
One central, easy-to-fill container serves any<br />
number of wash stands. A simple valve delivers<br />
the soap without waste or drip.<br />
As you can install a Watrous System without<br />
disturbing the existing plumbing, old buildings<br />
as well as new ones are customers for you.<br />
Every sale brings a contract for installation.<br />
Write for our free illustrated catalog and<br />
information.<br />
The Imperial Brass Mfg. Co.<br />
1223 W. Harrison St., Chicago, 111.<br />
Watrous sanitary plumbing equipment includes Watrous<br />
Duojet Closets, Urinals, Self-closing Cocks, Drinking<br />
Fountains and Up-to-date Specialties.
502 PLUMBER AND STEAM FI .-5.1920<br />
The Barometers of American Business<br />
Week Ending October 29, 1920<br />
(Copyright by THE STREET, Inc.)<br />
LW—Last Week (Shown by the Barometers) PW—Previous Week Y—Corresponding Week Last Year 1919—1919 Weekly average, taken as normal<br />
PW<br />
't'f<br />
LY<br />
~PW<br />
LV<br />
Vt PW.<br />
Ill<br />
BUSINESS BUILDING<br />
FAILURES<br />
(Dun's)<br />
(Number)<br />
LW 236<br />
PW 212<br />
LY 109<br />
1919 124<br />
t Week er<br />
PW.<br />
LY<br />
LY-<br />
PW-<br />
FOOD TIM'<br />
CONTRACTS PRICKS<br />
Co.)<br />
(F. W. Dodge (Annalist)<br />
(In Millions)<br />
$42*<br />
(Index No.<br />
241*<br />
28*<br />
73*<br />
49<br />
247*<br />
279*<br />
296<br />
ded Friday. One week ear]<br />
7 P « N K ' . DEMAND<br />
MONEY LOANS DEPOSITS<br />
(90 days (N. Y. Clearing (N. Y. Clearing<br />
XMixed)<br />
8%<br />
House)<br />
(In Millions)<br />
$5,446*<br />
House)<br />
(In Millions)<br />
$4,187*<br />
8%<br />
654%<br />
5.486*<br />
5 355*<br />
5,012<br />
4,202*<br />
4,222*<br />
4,051<br />
ter than c ther barometers.<br />
Vf<br />
PW. UL. LY<br />
BANK<br />
CLEARINGS<br />
(N. Y. Clearing<br />
House)<br />
(In Millions)<br />
$4,853*<br />
4,506*<br />
5,415*<br />
4,506<br />
m •<br />
STOCK SALES<br />
(N. Y. Stock<br />
'•"xchange)<br />
(Thousands of<br />
Shares)<br />
2,882t<br />
2.669t<br />
S.027t<br />
6,017<br />
BOND<br />
SALES<br />
(N. Y. Stock<br />
Exchange)<br />
(In Thoustands)<br />
$68,462t<br />
80,490t<br />
76.046t<br />
72,523<br />
Summary of the Week's Development The cotton market experienced a sharp jump in prices,<br />
as a result of reports of a sharp frost in three of the<br />
Southern States. Cables from Liverpool were of a<br />
Business narrowed down considerably during the past<br />
more cheerful nature, showing a good spot demand at<br />
week, says The Street. The election, while attracting<br />
Liverpool and Manchester. Weather conditions in<br />
less interest than previously, was a contributing factor<br />
Texas and Oklahoma are expected to lower the grades.<br />
as well as the tightening of the credit situation. Boston<br />
The wheat market was feeble. Cables reported that the<br />
reports that trading throughout the New England dis<br />
French wheat supply is ample and France will not purtrict<br />
is slow. Buyers appear to be interested in watchchase<br />
much more in this market. There was modering<br />
developments, but are indifferent when called upon<br />
ate activity in corn, but selling pressure developed on all<br />
to place orders. Western sentiment is conservative,<br />
bulges. Refiners continue to show little interest in<br />
although market conditions are somewhat diverse.<br />
sugar. Refined sugar prices were unchanged, and de<br />
The money market throughout the week was under mands for all kinds were less urgent.<br />
a heavy strain. The numerous successful bond issues There were no important developments in the foreign<br />
the past few weeks absorbed considerable sums, and exchange market. Sterling fell off a little in the early<br />
country bankers called on the Eastern cities for addi part of the week but regained strength later, bringing<br />
tional crop-moving sums. The result was reflected in other European rates up with it.<br />
money rates. Call money on the New York Stock Exchange<br />
ranged between 8 and 10 per cent.<br />
Many influences co-operated in weakening prices on<br />
the Stock Exchange throughout the week. Sentiment New Jarvis Thermoflasb on Exhibit<br />
was bearish at the opening, and both industrials and<br />
rails were under pressure.<br />
At the coming American Gas Association Convention<br />
There was continued dullness in the iron and steel at the Pennsylvania Hotel, B. Ryan Co., of New York,<br />
market. Buyers appear to be quite indifferent, not will have the new Jarvis Thermoflash on exhibit at<br />
withstanding the recent price concessions made by booth No. 2. This thermoflash is the last word in<br />
producers. The fuel markets were more active and thermostatic controls for any make of small gas water<br />
sales of anthracite were on a greater scale. The copper heater and any size boiler already in the home.<br />
market was depressed. Zinc and lead markets were Bernard Ryan and Emanuel M. Youngman will be at<br />
dull. The only market which showed signs of activity the booth where you are cordially invited to meet them'<br />
was the tin market. This market witnessed a good deal and where they will be pleased to give all possible in<br />
of trading, which was to a large extent the result of an formation and demonstrate the desirabilities of the<br />
improved position in the London market.<br />
thermoflash.
FLUMBER and<br />
STEAM FITTER<br />
Vol. XCIV, No. 17 NOVEMBER 19, 1920 $2.00 a Year<br />
Help the Housewife Solve Wash Day Problem<br />
When It Comes to Wash Day Let Your Efforts Be Largely Responsible<br />
for the Elimination of Its Drudgery—You Want Your Customers to Be Loyal<br />
in Their Patronage of You—Return Them an Equal Amount of Courtesy<br />
by Affording Them the Benelit of Your Trained Mechanical Judgment<br />
Washing has resulted in more pains and aches to of getting work for the shop in placing suitable water<br />
the housewife than a man can inflict upon himself by and waste connections.<br />
reading twelve patent medicine books, and that is going Service is the watchword of every live business.<br />
some. There is no uncertainty about that statement. Service to _ customer or prospective customer ui-<br />
A man's day at home on wash day is about the same eludes just as surely protecting- that customer against<br />
as a week at home during spring house cleaning. his ignorance by forseeing and directing his purchases<br />
In each case the principal fellow to blame is man. to suitable articles as it does doing his work promptly<br />
There is some excuse for the housewife's husband; and well.<br />
he may be ignorant of the modern machines or not BE ALERT TQ NffljDg 0F CUST0MERS
504 P L U M B E R AND<br />
out notice, slovenly work, builds up a loyalty of the<br />
housewife that cannot but result in future praise of<br />
your thoughtful effort and advice and become an<br />
asset constantly contributing to your success. This<br />
sales prestige backed bv satisfied customers and<br />
boosters means work for every line of your business<br />
less all competition.<br />
This field is one pre-eminently for plumbers. They<br />
know what homes need washers, what connections are<br />
necessary and from day to day meet the people and<br />
through doing their work are under an obligation to<br />
explain to them such devices as are calculated to make<br />
their homes more comfortable and convenient. Furnishing<br />
tliis information to the customer is doing him<br />
a real kindness as it affords him the opportunity oi<br />
providing his family with the proper equipment or<br />
devices to lessen the menial drudgery of home work<br />
and much of the ill temper and ill health directly<br />
caused by it.<br />
WATCHWORD SHOULD BE REAL SERVICE<br />
Make real service the watchword of your business<br />
,-ind enjoy the profits and prestige accumulated by<br />
reason of vour thought fulness. It is easv and pleasant<br />
and tends to increase the happinness of those on<br />
whom vou depend for business and who rely on your<br />
honesty, judgment and knowledge to bring to their<br />
attention those things which will contribute to their<br />
comfort.<br />
Manufacturers have gone deeply into the subject of<br />
proper ways to present their products to prospects with<br />
the greatest degree of success in making sales. Their<br />
investigations have resulted in the formation of selling<br />
campaigns, methods of financing sales, advertising,<br />
collecting and maintaining products. This information<br />
is so complete that it would take any one man<br />
years to acquire. It is yours for the asking. It gives<br />
you the opportunity of starting on the level with other<br />
distributors. An even break is all that you need.<br />
With this information and an even break plus<br />
WATER UNDER PRESSURE CAN BE USED FOR POWER—<br />
WHATEVER THE POWER THE ILLS AND FATIGUE OF WASH<br />
DAY DISAPPEAR<br />
vour personal knowledge of vour field and people, vou<br />
are equipped to meet any competition, whether it be a<br />
hardware, department store or electrical contractor.<br />
You can enter the field with confidence eif success.<br />
STEAM FITTER November 19, 1920<br />
Push and pep are all that are necessary after you<br />
have mastered the information compiled on sales<br />
methods by the manufacturers. They are all anxious<br />
lc. tie up to live wires in every community. Get in<br />
EVERY MAN WHO CAN WILL GLADLY FREE HIS WIFE OF<br />
L NNECESSARY WORK—YOU CAN GET WELE PAID FOR<br />
TELLING HIM HOW<br />
touch with one or more of them and then carefully<br />
look into the profits which can be had. It offers a<br />
real opportunity to plumbers in nearly every community.<br />
Brockton <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association Protest to<br />
Health Board<br />
The Brockton, Alass., Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
has sent a protest to the health board of that citv<br />
against the rule requiring the placing of a safety valve<br />
in the cold water supply pipe to hot water boilers,<br />
declaring such work unnecessary and that Brockton is<br />
the only city in the state to require it.<br />
The ordinance also requires a vacuum valve connected<br />
with the hot water pipe over the sink or at some<br />
other convenient point; both relief and vacuum<br />
valves are subject to approval of the plumbing inspector.<br />
The health board has taken the matter under<br />
advisement.<br />
Tbe Richmond Manual<br />
The Richmond Manual is a catalogue of Richmond<br />
boilers, Richmond radiators and heating specialties,<br />
Richmond vacuum cleaners, Richmond enamel ware<br />
and more Richmond service. It is a worthwhile book<br />
that every plumber and steam fitter should have. It<br />
gives the American Society of Mechanical Engineers<br />
boiler code, useful information on practical boiler arrangement,<br />
coal, chimneys, piping svstems, and various<br />
useful tables.<br />
'1 he book is of pocket size making for convenience<br />
of users and is well illustrated. The Richmond Raditator<br />
Co., manufacturer, will gladly furnish legitimate<br />
dealers with a copy on request "to its New York<br />
office at 1480 Broadway.
November 19, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
A DELIGHTFUL MEANS TO A SATISFACTORY END PARTIAL VIEW OF TIIE CENTRAL SUPPLY CO. SHOWROOM, AT<br />
M 1 N NEAPOLIS, M I N N.<br />
The Big Show Free Tickets<br />
You Can Furnish All the People in Your Community with Free<br />
Tickets and Have the Service of an Expert Guide to Explain tbe<br />
Exhibit— Incidentally the Work on Prospects Will Be Timely<br />
The big plumbing show! What is it? Fifty thousand<br />
plumbing fixtures displayed in the manufacturers'<br />
and jobbers' showrooms throughout the United States.<br />
Guides. Yes, three thousand expert salesmen employed<br />
in those showrooms. • Free tickets ? Easy.<br />
Mail your prospects cards of introduction to your<br />
manufacturers' or jobbers' salesroom, but first arrangeto<br />
have their salesmen show and explain the goods displayed.<br />
WHAT ARE THEY FOR?<br />
That may be intensive use of the manufacturers'<br />
and jobbers' showrooms. (What are they for?<br />
book at the two illustrations showing partial views of<br />
the showrooms maintained by the Central Supply Co.,<br />
-Minneapolis, Minn., and shown in the new Catalogue<br />
E just being distributed by that company. No vivid<br />
imagination is necessary to determine that prospects<br />
spending an hour in this or similar showrooms will<br />
leave it with an increased desire to have their homes<br />
equipped with modern plumbing fixtures.<br />
The prospect list for free tickets to this show is big.<br />
It should include everyone in a communitv who may<br />
buy a plumbing fixture in the next 10 vears. It will<br />
need revision from time to time to keep it up to date,<br />
because, the proper time to help a prospect make up<br />
liis mind is before he forms any opinion of bis own.<br />
The information that counts is the information that<br />
gets in on the ground floor.<br />
WILE FREE TICKETS BE USED?<br />
Men and women of every walk in life sooner or<br />
later find themselves in large communities with a few<br />
minutes to spare. Those minutes can be profitably<br />
spent in learning what the modern plumber can sell<br />
them. If given a verv simple lead or suggestion,<br />
manv of those people will be glad to spend the time<br />
in tliat manner. A short letter telling them of the<br />
place and giving the name of a salesman will, in most<br />
cases, provide the necessary suggestion.<br />
Again there are the prospects who are formulating
506 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER November 19, 1920<br />
ideas or plans to install new fixtures or complete new<br />
installations. True, advertisements, pictures and descriptions<br />
are available for their information. They<br />
are valuable aids, but to see the various types of fixtures<br />
displayed in a neat showroom, with a wide<br />
variety for selection, creates a much stronger urge on<br />
the part of the prospect to own high class fixtures<br />
and have them set in a sanitary manner.<br />
PUTTING SAND IN THE GEAR BOX OF THE MAIL ORDER<br />
HOUSE<br />
No one will dispute the statement that the mail<br />
order house sells through advertising. How does it<br />
advertise? The principal way is by keeping its catalogue<br />
in the home of every prospective home buyer.<br />
The thing about that catalogue is that it contains not<br />
only what a prospect is immediately interested in, but<br />
also contains those things which make life more<br />
pleasant for him. In fact it contains everything he<br />
needs or is going to need.<br />
That catalogue gets on the job early. It shows the<br />
prospects what they need. It tells them what "they<br />
can get and whom they can get it from. It gets that<br />
information home, in many instances, while the<br />
plumber sits idly by wondering why the orders did<br />
not come his way.<br />
But the plumber who gets his possible prospects<br />
with their own fire—knowledge of the goods you can<br />
sell.<br />
DEMONSTRATE YOUR BUSINESS PEP<br />
Another advantage accruing to plumbers using this<br />
method of utilizing the manufacturers' and jobbers'<br />
showrooms is the prestige gained with the manufactuers<br />
and jobbers. They are bound to respect the<br />
plumber who is businessman enough to use all the<br />
assistance he can command in building and operating<br />
his business.<br />
The single track man in business who aimlessly<br />
plods the road to nowhere, is blind to such opportunities.<br />
His strenuous effort to build by virtue of his<br />
individual effort is limited in its inception. There is<br />
no limit to <strong>org</strong>anized effort, but individual effort can<br />
boast of no such bounds. That is the reason that big<br />
business is <strong>org</strong>anized. It is the further reason why<br />
manufacturers and jobbers know the live wires of the<br />
plumbing business in the territory which they serve.<br />
They stand out like beacon lights. They use his<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization and facilities at every turn. »<br />
LIVE CONNECTIONS GAIN PREFERENCE<br />
No matter how small a community a business may<br />
serve, live wire business methods will force the favor-<br />
ANOTIIER VIEW OF THE SHOWROOM OE THE CENTRAL SUPPLY CO., AT MINNEAPOLIS, Mil<br />
visiting the manufacturers' and jobbers' showrooms<br />
puts a great big handful of sand in the gear box of<br />
the mail order house every time a prospect enters a<br />
showroom. No need to condemn or regret mail order<br />
houses. Battles are not won that way. Fight them<br />
able attention of manufacturers and jobbers. They<br />
like to have live wire customers. It pays them to have<br />
them. They make concessions to them. They take<br />
special care of their orders. Shipments are prompt.<br />
(Continued on Page 5G9)
November 19. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 507<br />
What You Can Expect of Hack Saws<br />
More Saws Break Than Wear Out—Here Is<br />
Something on the Reasons Why This Is the Case<br />
The following extracts taken from the booklet<br />
entitled "Hack Saws and Their Use," issued by the<br />
L. S. Starrett Co., Athol, Mass., afford interesting and<br />
useful information as to what to expect of hack saws,<br />
and reliable comparative data of saws being used with<br />
and without lubricant.<br />
More saws break than wear out. As a rule this is<br />
not so much because the saws are not properly<br />
"tempered" as because they are abused or misused.<br />
In fact, most of the success of a hard hack saw depends<br />
upon whether it is used by skilled or unskilled<br />
labor. Through ignorance, a hard tempered saw may<br />
16<br />
IT<br />
t.6<br />
^s/<br />
4<br />
,<br />
—DULL-N OTC .TTING<br />
RUN U/II HOU IUBRICAN r<br />
65 S PM<br />
AT<br />
IF 1<br />
1<br />
TE ST 5 C<br />
l l l l<br />
THP .EE] N9 250 SAW/5<br />
1 1<br />
1<br />
MACHIN!<br />
CUTTING<br />
IV- IV . 5 rEE<br />
.<br />
per minute, completed 50 cuts at fair average speed,<br />
and was cutting at its apparent maximum efficiency<br />
under 56 lb. of pressure, when the test was discontinued.<br />
The importance of lubrication, in its effect on the<br />
time per cut and the number of cuts per blade, is<br />
clearly shown here. Just to what extent the excessive<br />
speed employed with the blades that were run "dry"<br />
contributed to their early failure is a trifle uncertain,<br />
but its influence is none the less unmistakable. It may<br />
be said in this connection that, when cutting dry, an<br />
excess speed of as little as ten strokes per minute will<br />
ruin a saw by drawing the temper.<br />
As stated in the foregoing, this information has been<br />
extracted from the booklet referred to, and gives a<br />
fair idea of the value and interest it contains for<br />
those who may procure a copy for the asking.<br />
THIRD C "/<br />
J<br />
A<br />
AJ \<br />
v .<br />
TOPPED CU TTINC ^T HROL GH<br />
UT AT IOO ISP-M<br />
S X<br />
/ \ 36" /<br />
/ V. y<br />
/<br />
0<br />
\<br />
X ?6<br />
\<br />
-<br />
IS 20<br />
30 35<br />
NUMBER<br />
CUTS<br />
STlll cur TINC TFtCI HTLY<br />
COMPOUND USE a .<br />
RUN AT IOO SP<br />
5c_ ).<br />
Long Active in Engineering, Richard<br />
D. Kimball Dies<br />
Richard D. Kimball, long prominent in the field<br />
of mechanical engineering, whose home was in<br />
West Medford, Mass., died on Wednesday, Novem<br />
EFFECT OF LUBRICANT IN TIME PER CUT AND ON THE<br />
LIFE OF THE SAW<br />
ber 10, in Alton Bay, N. H., where he had a summer<br />
home.<br />
He was born in 1846 in Dover, N. H., and received<br />
his education in the schools of that city. He<br />
be easily twisted, bent, and broken. For this reason then took up mechanical engineering, in which he<br />
a saw should not be too readily condemned on account achieved success. One line of work was his study<br />
of breakage. In other hands it might give long and of the science of heating applied to buildings, and<br />
satisfactory service.<br />
he originated several devices and systems for heat<br />
In the case of an unusual amount of breakage in a ing railway cars. His ideas and improvements re<br />
lot of saws, as compared with their previous performsulted in various inventions on Mr. Kimball's part.<br />
ance, there is quite as much reason to suspect a lack In 1897 Mr. Kimball founded the Richard D.<br />
of uniformity, or change, in the physical condition of Kimball Co., mechanical, electrical and sanitary<br />
the material being cut, as any deterioration in the engineering, with head offices in Boston, and with<br />
quality of the saw. In annealed steel it not infre connections in other large cities. In this business Mr.<br />
quently happens that opposite ends of the same bar Kimball had as his associates his six sons, Dwight<br />
will have had very different degrees of annealing and D., John V„ Charles W., Richard H., Kenneth C.<br />
can consequently be cut at markedly different rates. and Grenville W. Kimball. All of these sons reside<br />
The illustration shows vividly the comparative in West Medford, except John V. Kimball, whose<br />
efficiency of a blade used with compound and when home is in Maiden, of which city he is also Mayor.<br />
cutting dry. The blade used in each case was a Mr. Kimball is also survived by his widow.<br />
Starrett No. 250 and the entire series of cuts for all<br />
blades was made on the same bar of metal. A flexible<br />
hack saw was chosen because, in the test, the abuse<br />
of the blade was intentional in the first two instances ;<br />
and had an all-hard saw been selected, the probabilities Detroit Sanitary and Heating Contractors<br />
are that it would have failed even sooner, especially as<br />
the strokes per minute, when cutting dry, were excessive.<br />
All these blades were started under the same pressure<br />
of 24 lb. No. 1 saw, whose performance is<br />
shown by the line A B, was run without lubrication<br />
at 65 strokes per minute, an excess of 15 strokes over<br />
the recommended speed, and failed when partly<br />
'through the fifth cut. No. 2, curve C D, was run<br />
"dry" at 100 strokes per minute, or double the proper<br />
speed, and failed when about half way through the<br />
third'cut. No. 3, used with compound, at 100 Strokes<br />
Meet<br />
The Detroit Association of Sanitary and Heating<br />
Contractors held its regular meeting Thursday evening,<br />
October 28.<br />
A feature of the evening was an address delivered<br />
by J. E. Greenberg. Mr. Greenberg is a forceful,<br />
pleasing talker, and covered the subject of business<br />
psychology in relation to trade associations in a manner<br />
which left nothing to be desired.<br />
At the conclusion of his address, a rising vote of<br />
thanks was tendered Mr. Greenberg.
508 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 19, 1920<br />
Heating and Giving Modern Factory a Climate<br />
It Is a Far Cry from the Old Dutch Oven and Open Fireplace to Heating<br />
the Modern Factory and Equipping It with a Climate Made to Order<br />
The latest and best device sounds paradoxical:<br />
Moisture is washed out of the air by sprays of<br />
water. The contrivance is called a dehumidifier.<br />
It is a big boxlike affair with whirling sprays of<br />
water through wdiich you blow the air that is<br />
the raw material of your artificial climate.<br />
The water sprays are made cold by refrigerating<br />
pipes in the dehumidifier. They cool the natural<br />
air to anj' temperature required, and also take out<br />
JTYO w/rrG WA TC/Z p/p/riG<br />
l-'IG<br />
PART II<br />
D/rrA>&/C/A
November 19, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 509<br />
ing is supplied by 400 sq. ft. of Vento stacks, manufactured<br />
by the American Radiator Co. The air is<br />
distributed by means of ducts throughout the conditioned<br />
departments as shown on plans and elevation<br />
of ducts, as shown in Fig. 5 and 6, the required<br />
air temperatures being maintained constant by<br />
means of reheaters for each room.<br />
The dehumidifier is equipped with the Fleisher<br />
patent system of automatic humidity control which<br />
maintains constant throughout the summer time the<br />
required moisture contents in the air. This system<br />
is an air operated one and is extremely senstive but<br />
simple.<br />
The refrigeration is supplied by means of a complete<br />
ammonia refrigerating plant located in the<br />
power house, consisting of two enclosed type motor<br />
driven compressors and atmospheric type condensers<br />
located on the roof of the refrigerating machine<br />
O' 4' .' It' 16'<br />
The Big Show—Free Tickets<br />
(Continued from Page 5o5)<br />
Every courtesy and preference is extended to the<br />
because the manufacturer and jobber knows that<br />
when business is good the live wire gets his share;<br />
when it is slack, the live wire goes out and digs it up.<br />
Results, something doing all the time. Naturally the<br />
manufacturer and jobber refers inquiries in his "territories<br />
to the live wire. He knows they will get courteous<br />
and prompt treatment.<br />
Visits by prospects to showrooms bring them in<br />
contact with expert salesmen, equipped with evenmeans<br />
of displaying modern fixtures. The services of<br />
these salesmen can be readily co-ordinated with that<br />
of your own.<br />
Prospects will be more enthusiastic in having actually<br />
FIG. 6—ELEVATION OF AIR CONDITIONING DUCTS AT THE SMITH BROTHERS' FACTORY<br />
room. A pump drawing water from the harbor is<br />
installed and serves to flood the condensers with<br />
water.<br />
The equipment has been designed so that one<br />
man can take care of it and in fact with a similar<br />
system installed at Poughkeepsie, it has been found<br />
that even an equipment of this size requires only the<br />
minimum of attention.<br />
There is a human side to this job that is interesting.<br />
It developed in a conversation of the editor<br />
with Mr. Lissauer, vice-president of the W. L.<br />
Fleisher Co., 31 Union square, New York City, in<br />
regard to this job that the work had been turned<br />
over to them without competition because of the<br />
complete satisfaction of Smith Brothers with the<br />
services and similar plant installed for them by the<br />
Fleisher Co. some few years ago at Poughkeepsie.<br />
That job "was one of the first done in the air<br />
conditioning field by the Fleisher Co. The margin<br />
was close. Irregardless of cost, time after time,<br />
reducing that originally small margin, costs were<br />
subordinated to service. That was the beginning of<br />
Fleisher air conditioning service, founded on the<br />
backbone of Fleisher policy. That it pays is evidenced<br />
by the continued growth and good repute of<br />
the Fleisher Co.<br />
The heating industry at large can well be proud<br />
of such policies and reputations. They give tone<br />
and increase the prestige of the industry. They are<br />
worthy of imitation.<br />
selected from the fixture displays those which best suit<br />
them. Greater satisfaction will result. Shyster competition<br />
will be eliminated.<br />
THE LONE HAND GETS NOWHERE<br />
The lone hand in business entails drudgery and g<br />
nowhere. Co-operation is essential to business success.<br />
Manufacturers and jobbers are spending millions<br />
each year to perfect <strong>org</strong>anizations, products and<br />
selling campaigns to get those products to the prospect<br />
who needs them, wants them and vvill have them as<br />
soon as he understands what they are. The plumber<br />
co-operating with the manufacturer and jobber in this<br />
effort is a positive force for achieving results. His<br />
•-.ales will be increased by the effort of the manufacturer<br />
and jobber. His profits and prestige will be likewise<br />
increased through greater sales. Personal effort<br />
will be less by having used the service of others.<br />
That service is awaiting every plumber. A letter to<br />
your jobbers will surprise you at their willingness and<br />
desire to co-operate.<br />
Death of Michael J. Donnelly<br />
Michael J. Donnelly, for a quarter of a century<br />
master plumber in Waterbury, Conn., died recently in<br />
that city. He was a native of Waterbury. He is survived<br />
by his widow and five children.
510 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 19, 1920<br />
Respect for Trade Essential for Its Success<br />
Good Service Must Earn Good Will and<br />
Carry Confidence in Goods, Men and Methods<br />
Who knows better than the plumber or the heating<br />
contractor the splendid value he gives to customers<br />
for a reasonable sum. What good is it for him to<br />
know it if he is made the subject of jokes where<br />
people congregate, in the items of the funny columns<br />
of the newspaper, and in caricatures presented on the<br />
screen at the moving picture houses ? Who is to<br />
blame if this sort of misrepresentation continues?<br />
Whenever the tradesman is present where such jokes<br />
are perpetrated, he owes it to the industry which supports<br />
him to take exception to that character of<br />
amusement and to refute the statement in a tactful,<br />
DO NOT L FT MIS-REPRESENTATION DESTROY THE GOOD<br />
NAME WHICH IS YOURS AS THE RESULT OF CON<br />
SCIENTIOUS, EFFICIENT SERVICE<br />
dignified way. A little educational work will show the<br />
irresponsible, light hearted people that they are doing<br />
a destructive work they would not engage in if they<br />
thoroughly understood the situation.<br />
Nobody else is so well qualified to take up this correction<br />
work wherever the opportunity offers as the<br />
men engaged in the trade. If they are associated in<br />
an <strong>org</strong>anization there is no better way of stopping the<br />
funny column man and the movie picture man than to<br />
send him a letter on the a^ ociation stationery calling<br />
attention to his active undermining of the interests<br />
and welfare of the members of the association. The<br />
letter might well be signed by the officers of the association<br />
and, if need be, by all of the members.<br />
Some care and tact displayed in the composition of<br />
such a letter would go a long way to insure that any<br />
film which was disparaging of any tradesman would be<br />
refused and that the funny column man would get<br />
instructions that anything vr'mical to the welfare of<br />
industries in his community must be eliminated.<br />
If the men in the trade do not have a respect for<br />
themselves and command a respect from the people<br />
in their community, the detrimental effect may be far<br />
reaching. It is sure to bring a feeling that the bill is<br />
too large and result in a delay in settlement. It will<br />
make a man hold off from having conveniences and<br />
repairs that his property needs because the foolish jokes<br />
have given him a wrong impression about the trade.<br />
To what extent such ideas are entertained by the<br />
public it would be difficult to discover. But it is a<br />
comparativley simple matter for the tradesman in any<br />
center to take up at once the correction of any disparaging<br />
statement and entertain those who have made<br />
it with facts about the industry which, when spread<br />
broadcast as a matter of gossip, cannot do other than<br />
benefit, not only the industry, but all who have occassion<br />
to secure its services.<br />
The tradesman must maintain a position of respect<br />
and esteem amongst his fellow citizens. It would be<br />
a simple matter to characterize one class of essential<br />
business men as Shylocks and perpetrate all sorts of<br />
jokes about the money lenders but because of their<br />
more dignified position and the esteem in which they<br />
are held through long years, such jokes would not be<br />
welcome to the public and would lose their point.<br />
If one line of commercial activities can establish<br />
such a standing and maintain it, there is no doubt that<br />
all engaged in mechanical lines around home can establish<br />
themselves as plumbers on high plane if they<br />
will only realize the necessity and engage in the necessary<br />
work.<br />
What more commendable thing can a man do than<br />
to give the good news that fellow tradesmen may<br />
profit from as the result of his doing some fine piece<br />
of work. Too little of that character of information<br />
is spread around and it should well be the thing for<br />
conversation when talk lags at some gathering of men.<br />
Oxweld Engineers Solve Interesting Problem<br />
An unusual contraction problem arose recently in<br />
connection with the pipe welding on 54 large gasoline<br />
condensers for the Texas Co. Each condenser consists<br />
of four large f<strong>org</strong>e-welded drums and seventy<br />
lengths of extra heavy 2-in. pipe. The drums are open<br />
at one end and flanged so that they may be bolted<br />
or riveted together after the pipes are welded in.<br />
The pipe welding is being done by the Oxweld<br />
Acetylene Co. at the welding shop of that company's<br />
Newark plant. The original plan called for straight<br />
piping in line of center between each lateral pair of<br />
drums and bent or bowed piping to connect the sides.<br />
As the distance between the drums had to be exact<br />
to meet the foundation specifications and to insure<br />
coincidence of the flanges and bolt or rivet holes of<br />
one set of drums with the corresponding points in its<br />
mates, the importance of properly handling the contraction<br />
problem is at once apparent.<br />
Oxweld engineers recommended the substitution of<br />
bent piping for the straight piping noted. The theory<br />
as to contraction control was tested on both the<br />
straight and the bent pipe. Accordingly a heavy cast<br />
iron jig was made, to which the drums were made fast<br />
in the proper positions with heavy bolts. The contraction<br />
when the straight pipe was used was so powerful<br />
that the bolts were sheared off by the pull on the<br />
drum, the contractions amounting to several inches.
November 19. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
When the bent pipe was used instead of the straight<br />
pipe this did not occur, the bent pipe accommodating<br />
itself to the contraction so completely that when the<br />
drums were removed from jig they were found to be<br />
in correct position, fitting perfectly with mating pairs.<br />
The application of the bent piping is clearly shown<br />
in the accompanying photograph. After the welding<br />
the condensers are tested to a hydraulic pressure of<br />
500 lb. per square inch. In one of these tests a 3 in.<br />
cast iron cap bolted to one of the drums gave way,<br />
UNUSUAL PIP . WELDING JOB ON GASOLINE CONDENSERS<br />
but the pipe welds in every instance stood the test<br />
without a break or a leak appearing, clearly demonstrating<br />
the remarkable strength of the oxy-acetylene<br />
welds to resist unusual pressure strains. There are of<br />
course 35 pipe welds in each drum and 140 in each<br />
complete condenser, a total of 7,560 -welds in the 54<br />
condensers.<br />
When completed the 54 condensers will be shipped<br />
by water to Galveston, Texas, from which port they<br />
will be transported inland a distance of 150 miles to<br />
the oil fields, where they will be used in the distillation<br />
plant for recovering gasoline from natural gas<br />
and crude oil. This is probably the largest welding<br />
contract of similar character that has ever been placed<br />
in the United States.<br />
Keeping Them on the Farm<br />
You, Mr. <strong>Plumber</strong>, are operating the business that<br />
is the greatest factor in your community for increasing<br />
the comforts of your neighbors. The things you<br />
install are going a long way toward keeping the boys<br />
on the farm.<br />
Within the past 4 years there have been three to<br />
five million young men in this country who have been<br />
accustomed to their shower each morning. Those were<br />
the men who served Uncle Sam in the World War.<br />
First they were compelled to take a shower. After<br />
a week you could not keep them from taking it.<br />
A large number of these men have returned to the<br />
farms. Others have returned to the small communities.<br />
No matter where they go, they want and intend<br />
to have running water for bathing purposes. That<br />
means work for plumbers throughout the country.<br />
The first thing that is necessary to supply the running<br />
water necessary for these men is to have the<br />
water. The next thing is to have some method of<br />
putting the water at the fixture where wanted.<br />
Illustrated is the Autowater system manufactured<br />
by the Goulds Manufacturing Co., Seneca Falls, N Y<br />
It is entirely automatic, noiseless, self-oiling selfpnming<br />
has high speed pump, special idler and as will<br />
f ii °J ^ th r e CUt ft is ver y c °mpact and easily installed,<br />
therefore it furnishes a very practical method<br />
ot supplying the water to those fixtures.<br />
The Autowater system furnishes you with an opportunity<br />
of vastly increasing your profits. It is a<br />
mere matter of salesmanship to do this. But you do<br />
not have to work at it alone. The Goulds company<br />
has gone to the trouble of getting up a book entitled<br />
'Running Water—How to Get It," which may be had<br />
by request from the Goulds company.<br />
A campaign of selling water systems to the prospects<br />
in your community by arming yourself with a<br />
quantity of these books, having your name and address<br />
printed on them and sending one to each prospect,<br />
will start a germ in the minds of the prospects. A<br />
little practical talk by you will enable you to sell one<br />
or two of the systems. The first will help sell the<br />
second and the second will help to sell another and it<br />
vvill not be long before they will practically sell themselves.<br />
The prospects are plentiful for you as they are for<br />
the piano salesman and he regards every house owner<br />
as a future buyer of pianos. Therefore he makes it a<br />
point to interview that householder and tell him of the<br />
product which he handles and explain its quality, how<br />
nice it would be to have in their home a piano and the<br />
comfort which they would take from the music as<br />
well as the practical necessity of giving their children<br />
the advantage of a musical education.<br />
When it comes to talking home comforts you can<br />
make that piano salesman look like a "Balky Hank"<br />
run amuck in quick sand. It is simple. Running<br />
water will bring to that family a lot more happiness<br />
and health than all the pianos ever manufactured. It<br />
will be a source of protection against fires. It will<br />
materially decrease the housework and pipes can be<br />
AUTOWATER SYSTEM OF GOULDS MANUFACTURING CO.<br />
extended to the barn to make easier the work necessary<br />
in taking care of the stock. Further when you<br />
sell a man water for his house you are doing him and<br />
his family a kindness.<br />
Get the manufacturer interested in helping you to<br />
put this thing across and it will mean larger profits<br />
and increase your prestige among your neighbors. It<br />
will build for you a patronage that will remove your<br />
business from the competitive class. Further information<br />
as to the Goulds Autowater system can be<br />
had by addressing the company. Mention PLUMBER<br />
AND STEAM FITTER, the paper with the punch.
512 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 19. 1920<br />
The Auto Truck as an Investment<br />
Analysis of Needs Is Essential in Selecting the Rigbt Type of Machine and Correctly<br />
Estimating the Advantages to Be Gained—Operating Costs Indicate<br />
the (beat Service Wbicb Can Be Had Tlirougli Proper Use of tbe Motor Truck<br />
The purchase of motor trucks should be considered<br />
by everv one who is anxious to reduce<br />
hauling costs. However, it does not necessarily<br />
follow that every one can use a motor truck; in<br />
fact, one of the greatest mistakes made is simply to<br />
follow the general principle without analyzing tinindividual<br />
requirements of each prospective user.<br />
For that reason a series of articles on motor trucks<br />
for the plumbing and heating industries is being<br />
compiled, calculated to furnish the plumiiing and<br />
steam fitting contractors with salient features and<br />
facts, which in a measure determine decisions as to<br />
the advisability of using motor trucks.<br />
In making an analysis of motor truck possibilities,<br />
the facts line up under three general heads.<br />
I. Service Conditions:<br />
(a) Character of roads,<br />
(b) Distances to be covered,<br />
(c) Ratio of long and short deliveries.<br />
II. Type:<br />
(a) Character of material carried,<br />
(b) Load to be carried,<br />
(c) Ratio of heavv and light load-.<br />
(d) Speed.<br />
III. Cost of Truck:<br />
(a) Amount of work to be done.<br />
(b) Dependability,<br />
(c) Adaptability,<br />
(d) Up-keep cost of truck,<br />
(e) Operating costs,<br />
(f) Estimated increase of business,<br />
(g) Estimated increase of labor efficiencv,<br />
(h) Advertising value,<br />
(i) Comparative costs—present versus motorhauling.<br />
Bv the subdivision of service conditions it will<br />
In- seen that the elementary analysis of transportation<br />
problems must take the service conditions into<br />
consideration, character of roads, being in most<br />
cases a decisive feature of practability, in others<br />
largely determining the type of truck. Distances<br />
and ratio of long and short hauls also are decisive<br />
as to practicability and have first importance in<br />
choosing the type of truck.<br />
TVPE OF TRUCK<br />
The character of material and loads to be carried<br />
in a large measure will determine the size and type<br />
of truck necessary. This will be subject also to the<br />
modifying subdivisions, ratio of heavy and light<br />
loads, as well as speed.<br />
In most shops there are two kinds of transportation,<br />
heavy cartage and light deliveries. For the<br />
shops that have sufficient of each to maintain and<br />
operate both styles of trucks, the question solves<br />
itself. For shops that have no such volume of work,<br />
the question as to whether the truck needs to be a<br />
JX y, 1 or 2-ton truck presents many complications<br />
which require the utmost consideration and reckoning<br />
to correctly unravel.<br />
There is no hard and fast rule which decides all<br />
eases. Each individual shop presents entirely different<br />
conditions; all of which must be taken into<br />
consideration. For instance, even if in some cases<br />
the heavy loads are in the majority, local drayage<br />
charges mav be such as to make the light fast<br />
truck advisable or vice-versa. Again, it may pay<br />
to split loads, making double the number to have<br />
more speed available for lighter loads. On the<br />
other hand, local heavv drayage charges may be so<br />
high and deliveries so erratic and uncertain as to<br />
warrant sacrificing some speed and the greater investment<br />
in a larger truck.<br />
These are but a few of the salient points in the<br />
determining the type of truck needed, which decision<br />
is also further modified by the cost or investment<br />
to be made.<br />
A MAZE OF FACTS<br />
Where service conditions arc all right, whether<br />
or not a truck can be used is largely dependent<br />
upon the amount of work to be- done. However,<br />
where sliced is so absolutely essential to good business<br />
service, there are but few shops who do not<br />
need motor transportation of some sort. So many<br />
other elements enter into the final reckoning as to<br />
llie prolit of the investment that the amount of<br />
work to be done should take its proper place and<br />
not be allowed to assume a domineering value,<br />
which is not justified.<br />
When the cost of truck is considered, there are<br />
apparently facts without end that are all so closely<br />
interwoven as to require due consideration in<br />
arriving at a rational decision. Motor trucks are<br />
like the man in the story attributed to the Irishman,<br />
who said, 'One man is as good as another,<br />
only a little better." Every one will agree there<br />
are some trucks better than others; few will agree<br />
as to which is really the best. However that may<br />
be, there are a lot of good ones; in fact, most of<br />
them are worthy of consideration.<br />
EVERY HAV SERVICE. AN IMPORTANT FACTOR<br />
In considering trucks in relation to cost, adaptability<br />
to service conditions and Avork to be done<br />
and dependability, two items are of foremost interest.<br />
The truck that will carry two bundles of<br />
pipe, but which requires 100 it of rope and 20<br />
min. time to make that feat possible isn't exactly<br />
adaptable for carrying pipe economically. And remember,<br />
net, final economy is the base upon which<br />
to judge truck service.<br />
Dependability is another asset, which is essential<br />
to economical operation. One or two mechanics at<br />
$1 per hour plus a driver's time and pay, delayed<br />
through minor truck troubles, soon change gasoline<br />
nnd tire savings of 1 or 2 cents per mile into<br />
losses. The day-in and day-out service with infrequent<br />
delays is a prime factor to be kept in mind.
November 19, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
when consideration is being given to the first cost in<br />
the investment of a motor truck.<br />
UP-KEFP CHARGES PROPORTIONATE TO USE AND ABUSE<br />
Up-keep is largely a matter of use or abuse.<br />
Almost any one of the standard manufacture of<br />
good trucks will operate with reasonable up-keep<br />
charges, provided some sense is displayed in driving,<br />
starting, stopping and loading. The abuses of<br />
motor trucks form an interesting and instructive<br />
article in themselves, and will be so handled in<br />
the next article of this series.<br />
INTERESTING FACTS ON OPERATING COSTS<br />
The schedule showing the estimated costs of<br />
INVESTMENT:<br />
£ h * sis $2650.00<br />
)7 , 80.00<br />
tsody 225 00<br />
Painting and Lettering [['. lo.OO<br />
,,, Cost at Factory $3005.00<br />
War Tax 3% 9915<br />
Freight (Estimated) 40*00<br />
Total Investment $3135 1 ;<br />
LESS TIRES:<br />
GENERAL MOTOR TRUCK<br />
513<br />
2 fronl 36x3^ @ $34.25; war tax, $1.32..$ 71 14<br />
2 rear 36x5 @ $50.15; war tax, $1.93.. 104.16.<br />
c- 1 • T? J r> • 175.30<br />
bulking Fund Basis $2959.85<br />
Sinking Fund to be provided for on a mileage basis<br />
Estimated hie of truck 100.0(H) miles<br />
sinking b und Q29 per mile<br />
Manufactured by General Motors Co., Pontiac, Mich.—Makes Business Look Businesslike<br />
operation, of the model N-W, lu_ ton motor truck.<br />
manufactured , by the United States Motor Truck<br />
Co., Cincinnati, Oho, indicates the scientific manner<br />
in which manufacturers approach this matter.<br />
The figures given herein are based upon working<br />
conditions of a severe nature. If the same care<br />
is given to the motor truck which horses receive,<br />
that is, if only ordinary care and attention is given.<br />
a reduction of approximately 20 per cent may be<br />
secured in the operating cost, with a consequent reduction<br />
of depreciation.<br />
FIXED CHARGES:<br />
Average Yearly Interest $107.00<br />
Taxes @ $1.50 per $100.00 on average value 26.80<br />
License U00<br />
Driver @ $25.00 per week 1300.00<br />
Garage @ $15.00 per month 180.00<br />
INSURANCE:<br />
Liability $75.00<br />
Property 30.00<br />
Fire on $2000 24.00<br />
129.00
514 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 19. 1920<br />
Total Fixed Charges per year $1753.80<br />
Fixed Charges per day (300 days) ..$5.84<br />
VARIABLE CHARGES: Per mile<br />
Sinking Fund 029<br />
Tires, 4000 miles @ $239.80 044<br />
Gasoline, 9 miles per gal. @ 25c 03<br />
Oil, 400 miles @ 40c per gal 001<br />
Heavy Oil and Grease 002<br />
Repairs 015<br />
Total Cost per Mile 121<br />
Miles per day ... 20 30 40 50 60<br />
1-ton 8.33 8.81 9.29 9.77 10.25<br />
\y ton 8.56 9.06 9.56 10.06 10.57<br />
Miles per day 70 80 90 100<br />
1-ton 10.73 11.21 11.69 12.17<br />
l>_-ton 11.07 11.58 12.08 12.58<br />
These figures quoted above include fixed charges<br />
of interest, depreciation, driver, garage charges, insurance,<br />
license and taxes, maintenance and overhaul,<br />
as well as variable charges covering tires,<br />
gasoline and lubricating oil. To get the cost per<br />
mile, divide the total cost of operating truck a<br />
given number of miles per day by the number of<br />
miles covered.<br />
FIGURES SHOW MORE THAN COST<br />
These figures give a very close approximate of<br />
average truck operating cost. They further show<br />
that truck manufacturers, while they aim to sell<br />
trucks, are more than anxious to have the buyer<br />
select a type suitable to his needs and one which<br />
will please him with satisfactory service. Therefore,<br />
they furnish such data as will leave the<br />
smallest chance for error in selection.<br />
Further, every manufacturer will gladly assist in<br />
analyzing individual needs when requested. This<br />
is a service which should not be overlooked by<br />
the plumbing and heating industry, when considering<br />
the purchase of motor transportation.<br />
There are three relations of good motor transportation<br />
to business, the value of which, while it<br />
can only be approximated, is an important factor.<br />
They are: Tbe increase of business which can<br />
be handled by virtue of having motor transportation,<br />
and increase of efficiency, resulting from better<br />
morale of men on being delivered, not fatigued by<br />
unnecessary effort, at the job.<br />
VARIABLE VALUES WHICH ARE IMPORTANT<br />
DAILY COST OF OPERATION :<br />
It will readily be seen that a dependable truck<br />
with its quick deliveries will allow of an increased<br />
volume of business being handled by the same<br />
crew of men, and further that work can be taken<br />
over a greater territory. Just how much expansion<br />
Miles per day ..20 30 40 50 60 70 80<br />
and saving of costs will result is in an individual<br />
Fixed charges per<br />
problem for every business, but of sufficient im<br />
day $5.84 $5.84 $5.84 $5.84 $5.84 $5.84 $5.84 portance as to be considered in relation to the cost<br />
Variable Charges<br />
per day 2.42 3.63 4.84 6.05 7.26 8.47 9.68<br />
of truck.<br />
Advertising value is also a variable quantity, but<br />
Total $8.26 $9.47 $10.68 $11.89 $13.10 $14.31 $15.54 one that is well worth considering. There is no<br />
The Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Co., Elmwood<br />
avenue, Buffalo, N. Y., has furnished figures showing<br />
its 2-ton truck as having a speed of 14 m. p. h.<br />
on solids and 23 m. p. h. on pneumatics, and an<br />
operating cost of:<br />
question but that a nicely painted and well-kept<br />
truck carrying a neat business sign has a distinct<br />
advertising value. Further, a worn-out dirty truck<br />
which is continually stalling along the road, has<br />
the reverse advertising value. These facts should<br />
not be overlooked.<br />
Tires 4;V_ cents per mile<br />
Therefore, in considering cost these three items<br />
Gasoline 5 cents per mile should be carefully considered as they show the<br />
Oil 4/10 cents per mile profit to be gained from truck investment is not<br />
Lubrication 2/10 cents per mile always greatest on the cheap truck or original<br />
Maintenance and Repair 3-3/10 cents per mile small investment.<br />
Depreciation 2-7/10 cents per mile<br />
While comparative costs in some manner modi<br />
The fixed charges, of course, depend a great deal<br />
fies the apparent return on the investment to be<br />
on local conditions, which also applies to the above<br />
figures.<br />
Data received from the Acme Motor Truck Co.,<br />
Cadillac, Mich., shows that its 1-ton truck should<br />
not be operated at a speed in excess of 22 miles<br />
per hour and the total operating cost of:<br />
AUTO-CAR TRUCK<br />
Manufactured by Auto-Car Co., Ardmore, Pa.—Saves Time<br />
and Money While It Builds Prestige<br />
made in the purchase of a new motor truck, it is<br />
a serious mistake to overlook the other important<br />
facts "-hich should be considered in relation to cost<br />
in order to arrive at a correct solution of the<br />
profits to be gained on the investment.<br />
While in some cases local deliveries may figure<br />
as cheap, when actual book charges only are considered,<br />
still there are very few cases where such<br />
transportation does not entail delays, many of<br />
these causing distinct losses. These are apt to be<br />
f<strong>org</strong>otten.<br />
Also, many times work has to be arranged to fit<br />
in with transportation, also a source of delay.<br />
Therefore, every plumbing and heating business is<br />
more self reliant by having its own transportation,<br />
which in the vast majority of cases can be had at<br />
a distinct profit on the investment.
November 19. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 515<br />
Information Exchange for Readers' Problems<br />
Ask your fellow readers through these columns for their<br />
help on your problems—Help them in turn on theirs<br />
Valve Does Not Stop Heating<br />
From D. A. McE., New York—I have had the same<br />
trouble as "C. W. W." Maine, whose problem was presented<br />
in the issue of October 8, in not being able to<br />
stop a radiator from heating. That, however, is not<br />
as bad as one that won't heat. It looks to me<br />
as though the iy-'m. supply pipe to the 50-ft. radia-<br />
.*" *-/«<br />
others seemed to be tight and all right when I put<br />
them in.<br />
The house is supplied with water from the village<br />
main at about 130-lb. pressure and it has a 1-in.<br />
supply with a 1-in. pressure reducer, a relief valve<br />
and a meter and from there the water goes directly up<br />
through the boiler to the fixture. I have put a gauge<br />
on the cold and hot water and both show a pressure of<br />
about 30 lb. I am sure the gauge is all right because<br />
I have tested that with another gauge.<br />
I am puzzled to know what is the matter with the<br />
outfit as the water backs have a habit of breaking in<br />
the middle of the night when no one is around. This<br />
causes a flood in the kitchen and a complaint from<br />
the owner, who is beginning to think that I do not<br />
know my business. Will you please hurry such information<br />
to me as you can give before I have more<br />
trouble with this other water back?<br />
RADIATOR WHICH WILL NOT STOP HEATING<br />
What methods are suggested for increasing the<br />
fall plumbing supply sales? 477<br />
Why should particular care be given to window<br />
and showroom displays of plumbing goods? 477<br />
tor on the second floor was large enough to cause What is the purpose of the American Society of<br />
circulation through one pipe to that radiator, par Sanitary Engineering and how will those in the<br />
ticularly if the system is short of radiation and there plumbing industry benefit from membership in the<br />
fore the temperature of water is kept at a high point.<br />
society? 479<br />
The editor's note covers one thing that might be<br />
wrong with the radiator, if it is found on looking into<br />
What opinions are expressed regarding the effect<br />
this, that the valve is on the flow end. Then a sure<br />
of standardization on the small plumber? 480<br />
way to stop this radiator from heating would be to<br />
place a valve on both ends. It seems to me that that<br />
would be better and more practical than having to<br />
make any change in the risers, although a change in<br />
the riser would accomplish the same purpose if it<br />
were taken off the main from side or from bottom.<br />
Why should the installation of power pipe machines<br />
prove a profitable investment in many<br />
shops? 482<br />
Why is the local plumbers' association considered<br />
an important <strong>org</strong>anization in the industry? 483<br />
When I had this trouble I figured that it was cheaper What system of heating has been installed in the<br />
to put on the second valve than it was to fuss with factory of the Smith Brothers and what equipment<br />
any changes in the main.<br />
was used? 484<br />
Trouble with Water Backs in Ranges<br />
From F. R. T., Vermont—I am having considerable<br />
trouble in keeping the water backs in the range of one<br />
of my customers. The house is a large one and has<br />
three bathrooms, all on the second floor. Until recently<br />
water backs have lasted from 2 to 3 years but now<br />
I cannot seem to get one to stay there at all. One I<br />
put in about 3 months ago only lasted about one<br />
week. Then I put in another which lasted not quite<br />
as long as the first one. Since then I have put in the<br />
third one and I expect it to go most any day. The<br />
The Studimeter<br />
Why was it necessary to establish a climate in<br />
this factory and how was it accomplished? 485<br />
How will the heating and plumbing contractor<br />
benefit from the work of the T. E. B. field representatives<br />
and why should this work be encouraged?<br />
486<br />
In a hot water heating system, why is it good<br />
practice to insulate the hot water pipes and what<br />
information is given on the different kinds of coverings?<br />
487<br />
Where and how should valves be used on a hot<br />
water heating system? 487
516 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 19. 1920<br />
EDITORIAL COMMENT<br />
The <strong>Plumber</strong> and Laundry Machine<br />
In this issue will be found thc first of a series of<br />
articles on washing-machines. These machines can<br />
and should be sold by the plumbing contractor. It<br />
is also well to remember, that buying one and putting<br />
it in the showroom simply to collect dust will<br />
not produce profit. On the other hand a washingmachine<br />
displayed in action at slight cost can be<br />
made a business-getter for all lines carried, as well<br />
as producing a handsome profit of itself. The work<br />
of selling them is easy and pleasant. Great sales<br />
will not be accomplished for the next few months,<br />
due to the hesitancy of the public buying. But<br />
connections established and seed sown now will<br />
most surely produce satisfactory results in future.<br />
The Barrel of a Gun<br />
The barrel of a gun is to give direction to the<br />
shot. Plans give direction to the business. Either<br />
way, it is necessary to aim at what you want to hit.<br />
The fellow that shuts his eyes, pulls up the gun, lets<br />
her go, scattering shot all over Christendom is not<br />
the chap who brings home much game. The same<br />
thing can be truthfully said of the business man<br />
that aimlessly shoots at business. Plans are necessary<br />
for the plumbing and heating contractor in<br />
every community, plans to do definite things in<br />
definite ways. The big show article in this issue<br />
will give you an idea of one of the things you mav<br />
have overlooked in your planning. You will find it<br />
good shot when well aimed and a little powder behind<br />
it.<br />
Clean House Now<br />
The slow-down of business which will be experienced<br />
for the next few months is simply a prelude<br />
to a long and busy spell of activity in the building<br />
field. The plumbing and steam fitting contractors<br />
will do well to take advantage of this opportunity<br />
to make a thorough investigation of their<br />
business. Methods and personnel should be carefully<br />
weighed, faults or inefficiencies dug up, and<br />
proper remedies applied. Buildings and their equipment<br />
should be put in shape. The shortage of<br />
buildings in every community is a positive indication<br />
of the vast amount of work in this field which<br />
must be done to provide proper housing facilities<br />
for the inhabitants of this country. This is going<br />
to entail an immense amount of work for the<br />
plumbing and steam fitting contractor. Therefore,<br />
in order to have the house clean and ready for business,<br />
all the small details which can be attended to<br />
now will eliminate the necessity in the future when<br />
the time could be spent in more profitable endeavor.<br />
Collections<br />
The bank makes a business of loaning monev.<br />
It gets paid for it. Plumbing and steam fitting<br />
contractors do not run banking institutions even<br />
though main- customers apparently act as though<br />
they did. Such action on the part of customers is<br />
to lie disparaged'in every possible way. Experience<br />
shows that in the majority of cases this can be<br />
done in a courteous and businesslike way, without<br />
causing hard feelings or loss of patronage. Most<br />
people have a natural instinct to pay for what thev<br />
get; the others you do not need for customers. The<br />
evil of overdue accounts and poor collections is,<br />
therefore, in a large measure clue to timidness on<br />
the part of the contractor to go after such accounts.<br />
This is to be regretted as in 90 per cent.<br />
of cases a courteous request for money will bring<br />
if, adding to rather than detracting from the prestige<br />
of thc contractor making such request. The<br />
efficient business turns over its funds time after<br />
time, realizing a fair profit at each turnover. This<br />
should be the practice of plumbing and steam fitting<br />
contractors. Collect bills closely, should be the<br />
slogan. It pays and allows of efficiency.<br />
Potters' Wages Advance<br />
Satisfaction may be quite generally expressed with<br />
the outcome of the conference between the employing<br />
and operating potters in reference to wages.<br />
There may be many who felt the potters had some<br />
justification in their demand for a 35 per cent, advance.<br />
They nevertheless will agree that the best<br />
interests of all demand a recession rather than an advance<br />
in the present high prices. The conference between<br />
these employers and employees is gratifying in<br />
that it demonstrates the soundness of thoughts of both<br />
American labor and American capital. There is much<br />
to be commended in this method of adjusting wage<br />
matters periodically, thereby avoiding the hard feelings<br />
and losses incurred by the breaks between capital<br />
and labor. The provision whereby either side may<br />
reopen the wage question if necessary will have a stabilizing<br />
effect and promote confidence in future plans.<br />
The 5 per cent increase indicates the spirit of fairness<br />
with which both sides entered the conference.
November 19. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 517<br />
Inspiring Meeting of Mass. Sanitary Club<br />
Encouraging Forecast of Business Conditions, Trend of<br />
Pottery Prices and Specific Suggestions on Trade Extension<br />
The meeting of the Massachusetts Sanitary<br />
Club held at the City Club, Boston, on Wednesday<br />
evening, November 10, was indeed an inspiring one.<br />
Every speech reflected the trend towards better<br />
businesslike methods in the plumbing industry. The<br />
several speakers dealt with the subject from angles<br />
which give evidence that men who know realize<br />
that the fundamentals of good business in other<br />
trades are just as surely the fundamentals of good<br />
business in the plumbing trade.<br />
THE BUSINESS OUTLOOK<br />
Cxuy A. Ham of the Citizens' National Bank of<br />
Boston spoke on the business outlook, stating that<br />
the best posted men feel that there is to be a period<br />
of more or less short duratirm of financial hesitation<br />
if not depression. He pointed out, however, that<br />
the Federal Reserve Bank, which served so well as<br />
n balancing influence during the war is bound to<br />
stabilize conditions now and prevent any panic. He<br />
stated that there is not likely to be any great lowering<br />
of interest rates before spring.<br />
REVISION OF TAX LAW<br />
He dwelt at some length on the necessity for revision<br />
of the income tax law if great expansion is<br />
to be executed.<br />
As encouraging aspects of the business situation<br />
he dwelt on the fact that during the war this countrv<br />
had changed from a debtor nation to a creditor<br />
nation, and being sound economically and with such<br />
wealth and resources as this country now enjoys<br />
he predicted that business will resume and beforemany<br />
months we will enter on a period of great<br />
industrial prosperity.<br />
In closing he pointed out that every individual<br />
and thc country in general has great responsibilities,<br />
but encouraged by such splendid resources<br />
and by the splendid history of tbe country every<br />
business man should undertake his task, confident<br />
that American genius, American brains and American<br />
power will make the American future even<br />
more glorious than the American past.<br />
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS<br />
1). F. Durkin, Jr., President of the National Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, stated that w-ith four<br />
past National Presidents in the audience— Finnerty,<br />
Cassidy, Fee and Craig—he would not attempt<br />
to say anything about the National, lest they<br />
might consider him not measuring up to the mark<br />
of the office, but rather he wanted to talk on the<br />
subject of industrial relations. He stated that many<br />
men because of their mental attitude miss the opportunity<br />
to progress and suffer industrial poverty.<br />
He dwelt on the fact that there has been too<br />
much of tackling the problem of improving industrial<br />
conditions from the wrong end, that hammering<br />
the business man, the capitalist, destroys business,<br />
that it is the capitalist who sees the opportunitv,<br />
takes the risk, shoulders the responsibility,<br />
and 'is entitled to the fruits of his initiative. He<br />
also emphasized tbat these capitalists cannot create<br />
wealth tor themselves without helping others, for<br />
a man can use only just so much money, and once<br />
he has obtained enough to support himself in the<br />
manner in which he wishes to live, he invests his<br />
surplus in other enterprises, thus creating work<br />
and opportunities for others.<br />
I lis closing remarks were a plea for following the<br />
simple truths of life and a cultivation of the simple<br />
virtues, for these, he pointed out, arc bound to bring<br />
back prosperity.<br />
INFORMATION ON THE POTTERY INDUSTRY<br />
John A. Campbell of the Trenton Potteries Co.<br />
spoke very entertainingly on the conditons in the<br />
pottery trade. He explained the "rule of reason"<br />
for the past 22 years tinder which employer and<br />
employe worked, during which time there have<br />
been no strikes and no lockouts.<br />
He stated that the pottery manufacturers had<br />
learned something from the workman's point of<br />
view, ;ind a policy had been adopted of giving the<br />
men fair compensation, with a humanitarian interest<br />
in their welfare. He referred to the health inspection,<br />
the sick, disabled and old-age pension<br />
plans that have been worked out, to which the<br />
men and the employer both contribute. He stated<br />
the employers felt that each industry should take<br />
care oi its' men and that the the pottery manufacturers<br />
had adopted such a policy.<br />
PROSPECT ON PRICES<br />
In touching on the outlook for pottery prices he<br />
gave the information that an agreement has been<br />
reached with the men by which they were recently<br />
given a wage advance of 5 per cent and that this<br />
scale is to hold for two years. He also stated that<br />
the materials, clays, and the like needed, are high<br />
and scarce; consequently there is little hope for any<br />
recession in pottery prices.<br />
In discussing general Inisiness conditions, he<br />
pointed out that there never is a revival of business<br />
on a falling market, and consequently general<br />
prices must stabilize before there can be any general<br />
revival of business. He advised going slowly with<br />
out trying to force business, on the grounds that<br />
safe aiid sane results are bound to accrue when the<br />
economic laws of supply and demand are allowed<br />
to govern. He also advised all business men tr.<br />
keep a level head and to face all problems before<br />
tis with the assurance that we can solve them.<br />
FIELD MEN FOR TRADE EXTENSION WORK<br />
T F Hansen, who has been assigned by the<br />
Trade Extension Bureau as a field man for New-<br />
England spoke on the high praise given to the trade<br />
extension idea bv prominent men inside as well as<br />
outside the trade, to whom he had recently explained<br />
it. He told of his six weeks training at<br />
Trade Extension headquarters at Evansville, ot his<br />
trip to Kansas Citv and cither middle western<br />
cities and finally of his coming to Xew England.<br />
He explained that the idea was to co-operate with
518 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 19. 1920<br />
the plumbers in helping them solve their problems<br />
and in promoting more plumbing business.<br />
SOMETHING ON THE KOHLFR IDEA<br />
Walter J. Kohler, president of the Kohler Co.,<br />
Kohler, Wis., next entertained and interested the<br />
audience with some details of the conduct of the<br />
Kohler business, going into detail on the various<br />
things which had been done to make work in the<br />
plant and life in the town of Kohler as nearly ideal<br />
as possible for the workmen and their families.<br />
He explained that the foundation of the company's<br />
idea is that labor is a human element and<br />
as such every man is given an opportunity to make<br />
progress, is given attractive surroundings, fair play<br />
and pleasant home life. He is given an opportunity<br />
not only to make but to enjoy a living.<br />
Mr. Kohler went into detail on what is done to<br />
provide pleasant and humanitarian conditions for<br />
the company's 1600 employes, citing its large and<br />
spacious buildings, well lighted and well ventilated,<br />
with its modern labor saving machinery, the policy<br />
of doing some of the most trying manufacturing<br />
requiring high temperatures in the winter instead<br />
of crowding it all into the summer months, thus<br />
necessitating great warehousing facilities and the<br />
accumulation of stocks well in advance of the season,<br />
and the policy of reducing work uniformly so<br />
that no hardship will be suffered by any individual.<br />
He also explained about the policy of carrying<br />
group insurance, pension funds and providing<br />
medical and dental inspection and service, evening<br />
schools and many other progressive plans to provide<br />
for the comfort, welfare and happiness and uplift<br />
of the employees.<br />
OPPORTUNITIES IN THE PLUMBING BUSINESS<br />
W. J. Woolley, director of the Trade Extension<br />
Bureau opened his talk by saying that business is<br />
going to be just what we make it. Fie stated that<br />
there is no other industry that offers equal opportunities<br />
as the plumbing, pointing out that from<br />
coast to coast plumbing and heating is needed and<br />
must be had. He cited the fact that last year<br />
through progressive sales methods over 600 000<br />
heating stoves had been sold, driving home his point<br />
by stating that if what has been considered so antiquated<br />
a heating medium as a stove could be sold<br />
in such great numbers by progressive methods, such<br />
progressive methods if applied to plumbing and<br />
heating must result in even larger results.<br />
He pointed out that heretofore the plumber has<br />
been satisfied with supplying the demand but if the<br />
supply overtakes the demand he must advertise to<br />
promote a demand.<br />
He then touched on the idea of the Bureau putting<br />
field men out to co-operate with the plumbers<br />
and assist them in every way possible with their<br />
problems and in the promotion of business.<br />
Then he stated that the average American does<br />
not appreciate the true worth of the plumber, that<br />
the public looks upon plumbing as something more<br />
or less of a mystery and that few home builders<br />
really know enough about plumbing and plumbing<br />
fixtures to tell the plumber what they want. He<br />
stated that in many homes one bath room is not<br />
sufficient but the owners do not appreciate this<br />
when planing their home, and that it is therefore<br />
up to the plumber in such cases to sell two bath<br />
rooms for such houses instead of one.<br />
He pointed out that it is desirable by collective<br />
advertising or otherwise to clear up this mystery<br />
about plumbing as well as to create a wider demand<br />
for plumbing.<br />
He explained that the field men were not sent<br />
out by the Bureau with the feeling that these men<br />
or the Bureau know it all, but that they are going<br />
out not only willing to help but also willing to<br />
to learn, and with the conviction that if given the<br />
proper co-operation by the plumbing shops these<br />
men would learn as they gained experience and become<br />
more helpful to the industry.<br />
He stated that the Board the day before in New<br />
York City had voted $200,000 to carry on this educational<br />
work, and with such unselfishness in the<br />
trade it must result in benefit to all those engaged<br />
in it.<br />
At the close of his address reports were made by<br />
the several retiring officers and a Board of Directors<br />
elected.<br />
New Jersey Enrolling 1000 Members<br />
The work of President William A. Snudden, and<br />
William F. Beck, state <strong>org</strong>anizer, in their endeavor<br />
to increase the membership of the New Jersey Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s to 1000 members before<br />
the end of the year, is a pleasing demonstration<br />
of unselfish effort, and deserves the support of every<br />
Jersey plumber. Mr. Beck has the following good<br />
news.<br />
He has been working among the Plainfield<br />
plumbing contractors and starts out with an association<br />
of 16 members, which were admitted to both<br />
the state and national <strong>org</strong>anizations, and he has 18<br />
more firms to bring into the association from<br />
Plainfield, Westfield and Dunellen.<br />
Every effort is being made to make the slogan<br />
of 1000 members of President William A. Snudden<br />
come true. Mr. Beck is carrying on a campaign<br />
in Englewood, Ridgefield Park, Hackensack, Ridgewood,<br />
and also is endeavoring to renew the interest<br />
in some other associations so that they will draw in<br />
men who are not at present connected with them.<br />
Keep your eye on us and the 1000 mark and<br />
help—is the suggestion of Mr. Beck, the state <strong>org</strong>anizer.<br />
Fuel Oil Session Instructive to'Illinois<br />
Heating Engineers<br />
It is evident that fuel oil and fuel oil burners<br />
topics of "burning interest" to the members of the<br />
Illinois Chapter of the American Society of Heating<br />
and Ventilating Engineers, who turned out 77<br />
strong, for the November meeting on Monday, November<br />
8, to hear the four speakers tell of oil and<br />
its application to house heating and industrial<br />
plants.<br />
After an excellent Chicago Engineers' Club dinner,<br />
President J. C. Hornung called the meeting to<br />
order and appointed Dr. E. V. Hill, M. Hart and<br />
Samuel Lewis to take appropriate action for the<br />
Chapter on the death of John R. Allen, Director<br />
of the Society's Research Bureau. A letter of condolence<br />
sent to Mrs. Bronaugh, widow of former<br />
secretary William Bronaugh, was read.<br />
Mr. Hart, reporting for the Research Bureau
November 19. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 519<br />
Funds Committee, said that the first response to<br />
three hundred appeals was $2,225.00, which would<br />
be increased by greater efforts of the committee<br />
members. He asked everyone to read the two<br />
articles in the September Journal, telling of the<br />
work accomplished by the Bureau, and the program<br />
of what is in view.<br />
Five new members were added by unanimous<br />
vote: H. W. Hand, S. C. Bloom, H. N. Dix, Jr.,<br />
A. M. K. Amberg and H. W. Skinner. Thirtyseven<br />
members of the Society are not Chapter members,<br />
and their names will be furnished to the members<br />
of the Chapter in an endeavor to get them to<br />
join.<br />
The program for the remainder of the year was<br />
read by Secretary Ben Nelson:<br />
December 13—Auditorium Ventilation—Chairman R. W.<br />
Yardley.<br />
January 10—Work of Research Bureau and talks by<br />
Professor J. C. Hoffman and A. C. Willard,—E. A. May,<br />
Chairman.<br />
February—Hot Water vs. <strong>Steam</strong> for Heating,—Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
Kirk, Chairman.<br />
March—Refrigeration as Related to Heating and Ventilating,—W.<br />
J. Mauer, Chairman.<br />
April—Exhaust <strong>Steam</strong> and Live <strong>Steam</strong>—G. D. Lude,<br />
Chairman.<br />
May—Social program and special features to be arranged<br />
by John Boylston, Chairman.<br />
J. E. Chubb, chairman for the meeting, introduced<br />
G. C. May of the <strong>Steam</strong> Corporation, Chicago,<br />
who explained the construction, operation and<br />
safety features of the "NOKOL" fuel oil burner,<br />
which is made for house heating in 8 and 12 sizes<br />
to take care of 1000 and 2400 sq. ft. of steam. A<br />
positively even temperature is maintained by thermostatic<br />
control, which also operates with the<br />
safety device. The fuel recommended is distilate<br />
and the speaker explained about oil storage requirements<br />
in various cities.<br />
Replying to members' questions, Mr. May said<br />
that lOO gal. of oil equalled 1 ton of antbracite<br />
coal, and with oil at 17 cents per gallon, cost about<br />
the same. Thc monthly consumption of gas for the<br />
pilot light averages $1.30 a month, and the electricity<br />
for the blower $1.25. The only place the<br />
burner proved noisy was in warm-air furnaces,<br />
but this was eliminated by special baffle construction.<br />
Asked about carbon troubles, he said that<br />
defective nozzles were the only cause. He stated<br />
that the oil burner would not make an inefficient<br />
boiler an efficient boiler, but would keep the plant<br />
running at maximum efficiency.<br />
The difference in various oils was explained by<br />
C. L. Knopf of the Sinclair Refining Co. Oils with<br />
parafine base are best adapted for lubricating,<br />
while those of asphalt base make the best heating<br />
oils. He told some history of oil drilling operations,<br />
and showed charts of heating values of different<br />
grade oils. He showed maps of the extent<br />
of the oil industry, and how it was stored and transported.<br />
Fie said that production was considerably<br />
under consumption, though production had increased<br />
50 per cent in the last 10 years.<br />
Pictures of industrial plant installations were explained<br />
by F. R. Crane, Jr., of Crane Oil Burner<br />
Co., Chicago, who told of the saving in labor and<br />
greater efficiency when pressure burners were used.<br />
He said the oil was fed at 30 lb. pressure and steam<br />
to atomize it at 25 lb. It takes 60 cu. ft. of air or<br />
steam to atomize 1 gal. of heavy oil. He told the<br />
importance of two sets of pumps for successful<br />
operation of these plants.<br />
A very interesting story of the trans-Atlantic<br />
flight of the naval seaplane N C 4, was told by<br />
Mr. Breeze, former lieutenant and chief engineer<br />
on trip, now engineer for the <strong>Steam</strong> Corporation,<br />
Chicago. He explained that any load that can be<br />
broken away from the water can be held in the air.<br />
The particular problem was fuel, and this was determined<br />
by an hourly consumption rate, and computed<br />
so that there would be 1 hr. 40 min. leeway<br />
in flying from Newfoundland to the Azores. The<br />
plane weighed 28,000 lbs. fully loaded, had four<br />
Liberty motors, and a crew of six men. The trip<br />
took a little over 15^4 hrs., using 1620 gals, of gasoline,<br />
and Commander Reade kept such an accurate<br />
course that he only missed communication<br />
with two destroyers on the route and hit the<br />
Azores within 15 miles of the harbor for which he<br />
was headed. Everything worked perfectly throughout<br />
the trip, the weather was clear during the<br />
first part, but stormy during the latter part. He<br />
told some humorus incidents, but said that after<br />
the hop-off the trip was uneventful though the first<br />
sight of land was very good.<br />
A rising vote of thanks was given to all the<br />
speakers, and the meeting adjourned at 10.30<br />
o'clock.<br />
Death of Alger A. Cragin<br />
Alger A. Cragin, senior member of the firm of<br />
Cragin & Wilkins, contracting plumbers of Leominster,<br />
Mass., died recently following a fall from a tree.<br />
He was 49 years old, a native of Temple, N. H., and<br />
a business man of Leominster for the past 20 years.<br />
He was active in civic affairs and a leader in the Boy<br />
Scout work . He leaves a widow and five children.<br />
East St. Louis Heating Contractors Have<br />
Theatre Party<br />
rpx"'<br />
A matinee at the Orpheum Theatre and a dinner<br />
dance in the American Annex Hotel, St. Louis, Mo.,<br />
was the program enjoyed by the members and<br />
wives of the East Side Heating and Piping Contractors'<br />
Association of East St. Louis, 111., on Saturday,<br />
November 6, 1920. Among the guests were<br />
Past-President John Bradley of the National Association<br />
of Heating and Piping Contractors and<br />
Mrs. Bradley. The association includes Granite<br />
City, Alton," Collinsville, Belleville, Madison, Nameoki,<br />
Mitchell, Venice, Edgemont and Wood<br />
River 111. Secretary William G. Bergner says that<br />
the slogan of the party was "a good time for all,<br />
and none were disappointed." Only four members,<br />
Edward Maag, R. P. Kennedy, Alton; James Morehead,<br />
East St. Louis and Edward Stoltz, Granite<br />
City,'did not attend, but will be drafted for the next<br />
social event, say the members.<br />
[^Consolidation of Two St. Paul Companies<br />
The Cochran-Sargent Co., St. Paul, Minn., announces<br />
that it has entered into an arrangement<br />
with the Western-Supply Co., whereby the two<br />
companies will be consolidated in January.<br />
The Western-Supply Co. will take care of their
520 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 19. 1920<br />
own accounts receivable and payable, thc Cochran-<br />
Sargent Co. will take over the merchandise and<br />
building of the Western-Supply Co., and will carry<br />
. .n the consolidated business under the name of<br />
the Cochran-Sargent Co., at Fifth and Sibley<br />
streets.<br />
The consolidated business will be directed by the<br />
present management of the Cochran-Sargent Co.<br />
ALWAYZREADY SOLDERING COPPER<br />
Bulletin for Heating Trade<br />
The McAlear Alanufacturing Co., 1901 South West enough to meet all requirements and is so designed that<br />
ern avenue, Chicago, 111., has for distribution bulletins it balances the torch, making it possible for a mechanic<br />
"C," "D" and "E" which describe the McAlear vacuum to use it all day without tiring his arm.<br />
air line heating system, high and low pressure steam This device is distributed by the J. W. Scott Hard<br />
trap, thermo vent air valve and packless radiator ware Co.. 30 Warren street, New York City, from<br />
valves. These bulletins will be of interest to the in which printed matter and full particulars may be had<br />
dustry a.s they give complete and comprehensive infor for the asking.<br />
mation relative to these articles, all of which maintain<br />
the high standard of quality of the McAlear company's<br />
goods<br />
Kohler Men Investigate Trade Needs<br />
Death of Daniel F. Nash<br />
Daniel Freeman Nash, aged 62 years, sole proprietor<br />
of O. M. & D. W. Nash, stove dealers, heating<br />
and plumbing contractors of Portland, Maine, died in<br />
that city on October 26. Fie was for 2 years a member<br />
of the city government and was active in the<br />
Chamber of Commerce. LIpon the death of his father<br />
he became a partner in the firm and upon the death of<br />
his uncle, in 1891, he purchased that interest and since<br />
has been proprietor of the concern. He leaves a<br />
widow- and three children.<br />
A. C. Stone, 433 Ash street, Brockton, Mass., for<br />
many years connected with the James T. Corcoran<br />
Plumbing Co., has purchased the Belmont Hardware<br />
& Supply Co. in Brockton, succeeding his brother,<br />
B. S. Stone. The new concern will be known as the<br />
A. C. Stone Hardware & Supply Co. It will handle<br />
plumbing supplies.<br />
An Alwayzready' Soldering Copper<br />
Fire Doesn't Delay Delivery of Leader<br />
Products<br />
A rather unique innvention is shown in the accompanying<br />
illustrations. It is known as the "Alwayz<br />
The fire which occurred recently in the plant of ready" soldering copper, deriving its name from the<br />
the Leader Iron Works, Decatur, 111., makers of fact that il is so contrived that it can be kept heated<br />
pneumatic water supply systems and pumps, was continuously and in work constantly. In short, this is a<br />
not so serious as first indicated. It was confined to device to be clamped on to the burner of a regulation<br />
one department and the interruption of production torch and used as a soldering copper. It is intended<br />
will not be serious. "As we have a fair stock of that the flame of the torch be regulated and kept burn<br />
most of the articles wc sell," says President T. E. ing while the copper is in use. It is stated by this ar<br />
O'Brien, "it is not likely that any of our customers rangement the copper can be kept at the right tempera<br />
will be handicapped on account of delay."<br />
ture and in continuous use, thus saving the time necessarv<br />
to change coppers.<br />
ft is pointed out that the clamp is made of brass and<br />
Affiliates With Jaehnig & Peoples, Inc. the attachment is universal, as it will fit any make or<br />
size of torch. The copper, it is also stated, is large<br />
W. F. Latimer, for the past 16 years in charge of<br />
the Xew York office of James B. Clow & Sons of<br />
Chicago, on November 1, affiliated as vice-president<br />
with Jaehnig & Peoples, Inc., Newark, N. J.<br />
Mr. Latimer has spent his entire life in different<br />
branches of the plumbing and heating business, and<br />
will be a valuable addition to that <strong>org</strong>anization.<br />
His friends wish him well in his new venture.<br />
L. L. Smith, advertising manager of the Kohler Co<br />
Kohler, Wis., spent a few days in Chicago this past<br />
week with J. B. Murphy, vice-president of the company,<br />
visiting among the trade to become more familiar with<br />
their requirements for 1921.<br />
Chicago Suppl, House Commences Building<br />
$275,000 Warehouse<br />
Construction has been commenced on a $275,000<br />
structure for warehouse purposes for the National<br />
Plumbing & Heating Supply Co., 6028 South State<br />
street, Chicago, 111., and to be completed in 60 days. The<br />
New Firms and Changes<br />
building will contain a sales room, show room, stock<br />
room and garage on the first floor with offices on the<br />
Ivezer
November 19, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 521<br />
Chicago Construction Problems Second<br />
Only to New York's<br />
Senate Committee Hears Suggestions from Every<br />
Factor Identified with Building Operations<br />
The plans presented are as follows:<br />
1—Repeal the income tax law and exempt from taxation<br />
mortgages on homes and apartments for a<br />
period of years.<br />
2—Create a Department of Construction headed by a<br />
cabinet member.<br />
3—Put postal savings at disposal of small home builders.<br />
4—Remove discriminatory freight rates on building materials,<br />
and make favorable ones for fire-proof<br />
items.<br />
5—Establish a federal board on same plan as Kansas<br />
Court of Industrial Relations to prohibit strikes<br />
and lockouts, the cost of which is always borne by<br />
the public.<br />
6—Less expensive real estate transfers, elimination of<br />
unnecessary land speculation and lower insurance<br />
rates for properly constructed small houses.<br />
"Labor will not go to pre-war level, prices for materials<br />
will not be greatly reduced, and transportation<br />
charges will be higher than before the war. With these<br />
facts established building costs cannot be expected to<br />
reach much lower levels than the present for some time.<br />
The pre-war figure will not be attained, though there<br />
will be some reduction of cours.-.<br />
This was the concluding statement of Senator William<br />
M.Calder, Chairman of the Senate Committee on<br />
Reconstruction after hearing the two days evidence on<br />
Chicago's housing needs, which he stated are greater<br />
than any other city in the United States except New-<br />
York. The inquiry was opened on November 10 in the<br />
Auditorium Hotel, Chicago, and testimony was heard<br />
from public officials, architects, engineers, bankers, real<br />
estate and railroad men, building material manufacturers<br />
and dealers, labor and tenants representatives.<br />
Director of Public Works, Frank I. Bennett, said<br />
that Chicago needed to double its normal pre-war building<br />
program for three and a half years so as to keep<br />
pace with its growth. Rents have been lower than in<br />
any other city until the past year, but the present return<br />
is not great enough to be attractive to investors.<br />
High prices of materials, labor and money have been<br />
the causes of Chicago's delay in building. To relieve<br />
the situation, the material market must be'stablized and<br />
the man with money, must be able to see a profit ahead<br />
instead of a shrinkage in value, before he will invest.<br />
Health Commissioner, John D. Robertson, stated that<br />
the housing shortage was creating some congestion in<br />
certain districts, but so far there was no impairment of<br />
health noticeable, though a continuation of the condition<br />
might be apparent several years from now.<br />
Charles Bostrom, Building Commissioner, gave records<br />
of permits issued from his office for all kinds of<br />
buildings, showing a drop from 4293 in 1916 to 82 so far<br />
in 1920 for apartments for two families or more.<br />
Peter Mortenson, Superintendent of Schools, told<br />
how portable schools, old buildings and double sessions<br />
were used to take care of the 350.000 pupils. He gave<br />
the construction cost per cubic foot in 1915, 12. 1 /2<br />
cents; 1916, 15.8 cents; 1917, 19.4 cents; 1918, 23.5<br />
cents and 1919 23.5 to 30.7 cents, and for one school<br />
built in 1920 33.9 cents.<br />
W. W. Baird, President Chicago Association of Commerce,<br />
urged that taxes be modified, and said that costs<br />
must be stabilized for a period so that capital could be<br />
brought into building projects. Two hopeful signs he<br />
said were some material price concessions and a growing<br />
efficiency of labor.<br />
E. II. Hines, speaking for the Chicago lumber trade,<br />
said that there is no shortage of any kind of lumber,<br />
plenty being piled at the mills, but tlie demand in Chicago<br />
is only one-third of normal, ['rices have been reduced<br />
from 13 to A per cent since March and he said<br />
that the industry was doing its full share to bring about<br />
a reduction in Iiuilding costs. Questioned bv Senator<br />
Kenyon, Iowa, about the cost plus system, which Mr.<br />
I lines said encouraged labor in efficiencv, he replied<br />
"It was the invention of the gentlemen in power at<br />
Washington," to which the Senator remarked, "then<br />
the devil ought to be pleased with the plan for creating<br />
si i many scoundrels."<br />
William Nelson Pelouze, president of the Illinois<br />
Manufacturers Association, said that the excess profits<br />
tax is one big element impeding building construction,<br />
and another is the feeling of people that prices are coming<br />
down, wliich makes them hesitate to build.<br />
SANITARY CONDITIONS ARE BAD<br />
B. 1. Rosenthal of the Chicago Housing Association<br />
said that Chicago was 50,000 houses short and 500,000<br />
were improperly and viciously housed. Sanitary conditions<br />
are very bad, many families still using outside<br />
privies and toilets in halls. The conditions found in a<br />
fixe year survey are directly responsible for the continuation<br />
of crime. Fie explained how 137 six-room<br />
houses of hollow tile, had been constructed for small<br />
wage earners and sold on easy payment plan for $5,700,<br />
which would cost $9,500 to duplicate if the work was<br />
done by contractors.<br />
"Wharton Clay of <strong>Metal</strong> Lath Manufacturers Association<br />
and W. C. Robinson of the Fire Underwriters<br />
said that it was more than ever necessary to conserve<br />
buildings already erected, and that 75 per cent of residence<br />
fires were preventable and recommended constructions<br />
that would eliminate them to a large extent.<br />
Thev pointed out that 95 per cent of fires in houses<br />
originated within them, and that the rate of destruction<br />
was about equal to present construction.<br />
Miss Amelia Sears, of United Charities, said that in<br />
the congested districts there were many examples of<br />
Lad housing, where houses were pushed back on a lot<br />
and others built in front so that there were dark rooms,<br />
bad lighting, plumbing out of order. The fact that<br />
manv houses are built with basements below the street<br />
level and used for living quarters results in damp and<br />
insanitarv dwellings from defective drainage and<br />
broken gutters, while those living in attics are annoyed<br />
by leaking roofs. Proper protection of plumbing is<br />
absent, and in winter freeze-ups occur with annoying<br />
results. The use of hopper closets outdoors, in backyards<br />
and under sidewalks is permitted, though they<br />
are admittedly insanitary.<br />
Adolph Kramer, president of the Chicago Real Estate<br />
Board, said there is plenty of labor and material<br />
available but prices are abnormally high because of curtailed<br />
production. We also find that we are not permitted<br />
to use certain materials manufactured outside<br />
of Chicago.<br />
Henry G Zander related his experiences in building<br />
both frame and brick houses. He showed photographs<br />
of six-room buii!_alo\vs which cost to build, without<br />
land. $3,042 in 1916, $4,512 in 1918 and 1919, while<br />
estimates received November 5th, 1920, were $7,000.<br />
These sold at S4.500 and $5,800, while those that were<br />
estimated at $7,000 would have to sell for S8.000.<br />
Asked for his remedv by Senator Kenyon, he said, "I'd<br />
stop combinations in restraint of trade and bring back
522 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER November 19. 1920<br />
open competition. The 'Chicago list' price prevails in<br />
even- lumber yard in Chicago, almost without variation.<br />
It is said prices are 30 to 40 per cent lower, but items<br />
sold in 1914 at $30, last vear were $70 and today are<br />
$54. That doesn't look like it."<br />
Henry K. Holsman, President Illinois Chapter American<br />
Institute of Architect, said that there are enough<br />
plans ready in Chicago architects' offices to keep the<br />
city's building trade busy for 2 years. He said the architects<br />
did not approve government subsidies and home<br />
loan banks which were only artificial methods of stimulating<br />
building and were not permanent. Fie declared<br />
that high money rates, labor disputes, price fixing combinations<br />
in building materials, inadequate transportation,<br />
real estate speculation and fire losses had hindered<br />
building. He advocated low cost insurance for properly<br />
built small houses, abolition of unnecessary speculation<br />
in property, favorable freight rates on fire proof<br />
building- material, prohibition of strikes and lockouts,<br />
and establishment of a Department of Construction.<br />
Thomas Kearney, President of the Chicago Building<br />
Trades Council, stated that he represented 50,000 members,<br />
and pledged full co-operation of the unions. He said<br />
the wage of all scale mechanics in Chicago is $10 per<br />
day as compajred with $5.50 and $6.00 before the war.<br />
The fact that the average working period is only 200<br />
days per year, and with living costs so high, many have<br />
gone into other work. Building was not so efficiently<br />
done during the war, as it left only the older men. Now<br />
that the younger fellows are back is the reason that<br />
more work is done.<br />
John Donlin, head of the building division of the<br />
American Federation of Labor, said that the board of<br />
jurisdictional awards was functioning and the only<br />
ones who have not signified their intention of subscribing<br />
to it are the carpenters, but they will come in.<br />
William Schlake, President Illinois Brick Co., said<br />
common brick which sold at $7 per thousand in 1916<br />
were now $16, though in other cities in the east and<br />
south were from $20 to $39. Production hours have<br />
been curtailed, labor has advanced 100 per cent, freight<br />
200 per cent and coal from $1.87 in 1915 to $7.92 in<br />
1920, while fuel oil went from 2 1/2 to 7 1/4 cents during<br />
the same time.<br />
B. F. Affleck, President Universal Portland Cement<br />
Co., told of the difficulties of cement manufacturers and<br />
the elements that caused the price to rise to its present<br />
level. He told how the railroad embargoes and shipping<br />
restrictions had hindered cement production, and how<br />
advances 155 per cent in wages and 179 per cent in<br />
fuel costs had also affected this material.<br />
Tennessee Plumbing Notes<br />
The new plunibing supply business of the R. T.<br />
Clarkson Co. is now open at Memphis, at 126 North<br />
Front street facing the Mississippi River and with well<br />
equipped office and warerooms. They have a twostory<br />
structure with about 12,000 sq. ft. of space.<br />
R. T. Clarkson, the owner of the business was with the<br />
Crane branch at Little Rock, from 190,8 for 11 years,<br />
he was with the St. Louis department of that firm from<br />
1900 to 1904 and more recently was with the Seattle,<br />
Wash., department. Wolff's fixtures and plumbing<br />
supplies will be the exclusive line and the facilities of<br />
the house indicate that it will have a bright future in the<br />
Mississippi Valley trade.<br />
H F. Kippley, 697 Chelsea avenue, Memphis, was recently<br />
named president of the Memphis Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Protective Association.<br />
Shur-Tite Man Completes Middle States Trip<br />
Frank Curtis, president of the Shur-Tite Manufacturing<br />
Co., Cleveland, Ohio, has made Chicago his<br />
headquarters for the past month, calling on the heating<br />
trade in surrounding states, and has returned to Cleveland<br />
in order to direct the delivery of an immense quantity<br />
of Shur-Tite he disposed of during his western trip.<br />
J. P. Dugger Rapidly Recovering<br />
Word conies from Homewood, III, that J. P. Dugger,<br />
secretary of the Kewanee Boiler Co., Kewanee, 111.,<br />
though still confined to his home is making a satisfactory<br />
recovery after being taken seriously ill Tuesday,<br />
Nov. 9. His many friends in the boiler trade will enjoy<br />
seeing him back at his Chicago desk soon.<br />
Bastian-Morley Planning Extensive Sales<br />
Campaign<br />
R. W. Johnson and R. L. Shepherd, respectively<br />
treasurer and advertising manager of the Bastian-Morley<br />
Co., LaPorte, Ind., visited Chicago the past week to<br />
inaugurate a sales promotion campaign to assist its<br />
plumbing trade and jobbing connections, through the<br />
consumer, to obtain additional popularity for the Royal<br />
Automatic and Marvel combination gas water heaters<br />
and storage tanks for domestic use. This campaign will<br />
comprise personal activity among the buyers of their<br />
line and also intensive local newspaper advertising<br />
among the consumers in various parts of the country.<br />
Michigan Chapter in Toledo, December 13<br />
The Michigan Chapter of the American Society<br />
of Heating and Ventilating Engineers held its November<br />
meeting at the Dixie Land Inn Detroit, on<br />
Monday evening, November 8, with an attendance<br />
of 47 members. The late Professor John R. Allen,<br />
who was the first president of the Michigan Chapter,<br />
had arranged to be the speaker of the evening,<br />
but in his absence because of his sudden death, J.<br />
R. McColl spoke feelingly of his life and his preeminence<br />
in 'the field he had chosen for work. Mr.<br />
McColl was exceptionally well qualified to do this<br />
because Professor Allen many years ago founded<br />
the engineering firm of which Mr. McColl is now<br />
the senior member.<br />
Following Mr. McColl's talk the Chapter by<br />
resolution appointed a committee to prepare a<br />
suitable resolution to become part of the permanent<br />
records of the chapter.<br />
Mr. Mclntire followed with a talk on boilers<br />
which led to a long and interesting discussion.<br />
The next meeting of the chapter will be held in<br />
Toledo, Ohio, December 13.<br />
Death of Andrew E. Wilkinson<br />
Andrew E. Wilkinson, for the past 9 years a master<br />
plumber at Moodus, Conn., died at his home in<br />
that town October 25 from heart trouble. He leaves<br />
a widow and son.
November 19, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 523<br />
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New York Comments<br />
factors are willing to agree. Buying is only for<br />
STEAM GOODS<br />
present needs and will remain so until prices become<br />
sufficiently low to be attractive. Changes will be in<br />
proportion to revisions in basic items. All lines will<br />
Prices of steam and hot water heating goods still<br />
be affected, is the opinion of a number of men, active<br />
hold to its high level, with the factory facilities for<br />
in the business.<br />
shipping improved, the demand for the goods hesitant.<br />
Only extreme necessity is the cause for construction<br />
In one or two instances stocks of radiation are report<br />
now and will be for the next few months is the present<br />
ed as on hand, but in most cases, manufacturers are<br />
belief. If liquidation of stocks without regard to<br />
assembling materials and shipping direct from plant,<br />
production costs becomes necessary the new year may<br />
practically as fast as the material can be manufactured.<br />
see renewed activity and some relief from the housing<br />
The demand for repair and alteration parts continues<br />
shortage. The Calder hearing will bring no relief<br />
very strong and still holds somewhat above normal.<br />
is the common conviction as it was largely an "alibi<br />
Indications are that, although peak prices have been<br />
party." Any remedy will have to come from the<br />
reached, the present high level will be maintained until<br />
initiative of the construction industry.<br />
the first of the year.<br />
Signs that are encouraging for lower prices for -the<br />
PLUMBING GOODS<br />
future are the revisions on iron and steel products<br />
announced by Chicago mills and warehouses. Cheaper<br />
A slight improvement is noticed in the shipment of fuel and transportation would also help considerably.<br />
black and galvanized steel pipe. However back orders Everybody looks optimistically toward 1921, for even<br />
and buying for immediate need just about balance the now Chicago building material prices are lower than<br />
shipments being received in New York, therefore, no in the majority of cities.<br />
stocks are accumulating in the jobbing houses. No Pig Iron and Steel Chicago—There are two levels<br />
improvement is shown in the condition of wrought in the pig iron market, the nominal quotation of $46<br />
iron pipe, either black or galvanized, most sizes being for Northern No. 2 foundry, and on resales $41 for<br />
entirely out of stock in many jobber's warehouses. the same grade. Pig iron producers anticipate lower<br />
Pressure for supplies of both oil country and standard prices for 1921 delivery, but do not believe a cut<br />
pipe remains heavy, and while mill operations are advisable as consumers would not likely be tempted<br />
relatively high, the scarcity of cars is retarding dis even at lower quotations. As there is considerable tontribution.<br />
The improved movement of cars when nage unfilled they have not opened their books for next<br />
routed has made possible better deliveries by jobbers, year, though at this time the buying movement is<br />
also allowed of clearing up many back orders.<br />
usually in full swing.<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s porcelain enamel ware prices are holding During the present week an independent mill re<br />
firm with deliveries and shipments better. Many sizes duced its price for steel bars to three cents Chicago,<br />
and types of fixtures are difficult to get, as the manu which is within $5 a ton of the leading interest's<br />
facturing forces have been employed on the standard price. A large steel warehouse reduced to the corpo<br />
products. Buying continues to cover only urgent needs ration's level on heavy lines, and made smaller reduc<br />
and indications are that jobbers will be able to accumutions on sheets and smaller items. The Illinois Steel<br />
late small stocks of standard goods soon.<br />
Co. is operating at 85% capacity, or as much as the<br />
Jobber's stocks of vitreous ware continue to im fuel conditions will permit. Chicago steel plants are<br />
prove. Buying is hesitant and for immediate needs running at a better rate than those in the east, wdiere<br />
only, prices holding firm, and no indication of any re a decided slump has shown its effect. The plate mill<br />
cession from present level in the immediate future. of the Inland Steel Company which was being re<br />
There is a notable improvement in the stocks of modeled was started November 15.<br />
standard and extra heavy soil pipe and fittings, both at Copper—The market seems to have steadied at 15c<br />
jobbers and at foundries. Prices have receded fifteen and the buying that was apparent during the past week-<br />
points in the past two weeks, with buying still hesitant. has seemed to have run its course. Production has<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>'s brass goods still show improvement in been curtailed during the past two months, and re<br />
delivery of standard parts. Specialties are difficult to flects the attitude of producers toward the future. As<br />
obtain, prices remain firm, although indications are that November generally signifies the closing of lake navi<br />
the peak has been reached. Brass pipe shows a degation, and because of high freight rates it was<br />
cline of two cents per pound with fittings and nipples anticipated that producers would make special efforts<br />
five points lower.<br />
to get out large quantities, but the movement during<br />
Indications are that the general revision of prices,<br />
the "first ten days would not indicate this.<br />
which is expected in all lines of goods, will be gradual<br />
Tin—Buying has been at a minimum during the<br />
in the plumging, steam heating and gas line.<br />
week and even speculation has been dormant. The<br />
Chicago price has dropped X<br />
Chicago Comments<br />
Anything spectacular in the way of declines in<br />
plumbing and heating goods is not expected but that<br />
a level below that prevailing is inevitable, nearly all<br />
cent P er pound and<br />
now Straits pig is quoted at 41 y<br />
2 cents higher.<br />
to 43 X with bars<br />
Lead—Stagnation continues so far as business is<br />
concerned and small lots in Chicago bring 7 cents for<br />
pig lead and 8 for bar lead. Joplin reports production<br />
was for orders ahead during past two weeks though<br />
the new price of leading producer is y cent lower.
524 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER November 19, 1920<br />
Zinc—The recent light demand continues, reflecting Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York.—There is a better feeling<br />
the easier trend in both brass and galvanizing lines. in the trade and prices are a little stronger, although<br />
Production at Joplin was less than during the past business is still quiet. Dealers' buying prices are nom<br />
week though the total for the year is above that for the inally as follows:<br />
same period last year.<br />
Cents<br />
Solder—<strong>Plumber</strong>s' solder is quoted at 24 cents per<br />
per lb.<br />
pound in 100 lb. lots.<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible 12.50<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 11.50<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 10 25<br />
Pig Iron<br />
Another drop of $3.00 per ton in coke prices has<br />
again softened the pig iron market about $2.00 to<br />
$3.00 per ton. In some markets resale iron sellers are<br />
competing and sales are mnde below furnace prices.<br />
Effort is being made bv consumers to work off high<br />
cost iron by sales where spot iron is needed but the<br />
demand is receding and the prices show the effect.<br />
Brass, heavy<br />
Brass, light<br />
Heavy machine composition<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turnings<br />
Lead, heavy<br />
Lead, tea<br />
Zinc<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago—Red brass and copper are a<br />
7.75<br />
5.50<br />
12 25<br />
7.00<br />
1000<br />
5.25<br />
3.75<br />
4.00<br />
NEW YORK<br />
'little stronger while yellow brass is lower.<br />
prices of Chicago dealers are as follows:<br />
Buying<br />
East Pa. No. 1 fdv Sil 275 to 3.25 $47.52 to $50.52 Red Brass 10%<br />
East Pa No. 2X fdy SU 2.25 to 275<br />
East Pa No. 2 fdv Sil 1.75 to 2 25<br />
Buffalo Sil 1.75 to 2.25<br />
Virginia No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25<br />
CHICAGO<br />
45.77 to 4877<br />
44 52 to 47.52<br />
J. 47.46 to 48.46<br />
49.16 to 50.16<br />
Yellow Brass, heavy<br />
Yellow Brass, light<br />
Copper, heavy and clips<br />
Copper, light and bottoms<br />
Lead Pipe<br />
7<br />
Sy2<br />
10-54<br />
9_J<br />
4<br />
Northern Coke No. 1 Sil $2.25 to $2.75. .$42.25 to $48.25<br />
Northern Coke fdv No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2 25.. 40 00 to 46 00<br />
Southern Coke fdv No. 1 Sil Soft 2.75 to 325.. 47.67 to 51.67<br />
Southern Coke fdv No. 2 2 25 to 2.75.. 45.92 to 49.92<br />
Southern foundry Sil 1.75 to 2.25.. 44.67 to 48.67<br />
PHILADELPHIA<br />
Eastern Pa No. 2 Plain Sil $1.75 to $2.25. .$46 54 to $48 54<br />
Eastern Pa No. 2X Sil 2.25 to 2 75.. 47.79 to 49.79<br />
Virginia No. 2 Plain Sil 1.75 to 2.25.. 50.74 to 51.74<br />
Virginia No. 2X Sil 2.25 to 2.75.. 51.99 to 52.99<br />
CLEVELAND<br />
Northern No. 2 fdv Sil $175 to $2.25. .$43 96 to $45.96<br />
Southern fdy Sil 2.25 to 275.. 45.92 to 49.92<br />
CINCINNATI<br />
Southern Coke Sil $1.75 to $2.25 (base price) $42.50 to 46.50<br />
Southern Coke Sil $2.25 to $2.75 (No. 2 Soft) 43.75 to 47.75<br />
Southern Ohio No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25 .(No. 2) 47 52<br />
Old Materials<br />
1 /<br />
Tin Foil -. 25<br />
Block Tin Pipe 30<br />
Pewter No. 1 20<br />
Zinc 4<br />
Soldered Joints 7->_<br />
Old Rubber.—No business makes it difficult to discover<br />
with no stock coming into the market, shipments<br />
being held back. Wholesale dealers buying quotations<br />
are:<br />
Boots and shoes 5 to 5._<br />
Trimmed Arties 4 to 4',_<br />
Auto tires l^tol^<br />
Bicycle tires<br />
Solid tires<br />
No. 1 inner tubes<br />
Mixed white scrap<br />
1 to 1J4<br />
l^to2<br />
8 to 9<br />
4 to 4!_<br />
Mixed red scrap 3 to 3 l A<br />
Mixed b'ack scrap l^_to2<br />
Cotton fire hose 54 to 1^<br />
Garden hose % to 1<br />
Old Rags.—The market continues dull with some<br />
optimism on better things for future yet paper mill.<br />
are slowing down. Wholesale dealers'' prices are:<br />
No. 1 Whites $7.50 to $8.00<br />
No. 2 Whites<br />
I hirds and Blues<br />
425 to 4.50<br />
2 25 to 2.50<br />
Straight Garments 115 to 125<br />
Hard Back Carpets X. 1 00 to h05<br />
Soft Back Carpets 3.00 to 3.25<br />
Paper Stock.—A slow market with prices reaching<br />
a point of stabilization. Wholesale dealers' buying<br />
quotations for New York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $275 to $2.35<br />
Crumpled news Notes on Prices, New York '.. 90 to 1.00<br />
Scrap Iron, New York.—Absence of sales during<br />
the past week gives no trend to the price which buyer<br />
expect to go lower. Prices which dealers in New<br />
York and Brooklyn are quoting to local foundries, per<br />
gross ton :<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $37.00 to $37.50<br />
No. 1 heavy cast columns, building materials,<br />
etc., cupola size 36 00 to 37.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast not cupola size 27 00 to 28.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, east boilers, etc.).... 27.00 to 28.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. diam., not under<br />
2 ft. long) 15.50 to 16.50<br />
Stove plate 23.00 to 24.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago—The only transactions at present<br />
are for material to supply contracts. Prices wdiich<br />
Chicago dealers quote per gross ton are as follows:<br />
No. 1 Cast $22 00 io 23 00<br />
Machine Shop Turnings 8 to 8 50<br />
Cast Borings 10 50 to 11 00<br />
Slove Plate 23 00 to 23 50<br />
Grate Bars 16 50 to 17 00<br />
Railroad Malleable 19 50 to 20 00<br />
Agricultural Malleable 19 50 to 20 00<br />
Country Mixed 11 00 to 12 00<br />
No. 1 bushling 13 00 to 14 00<br />
Linseed Oil—In large quantities linseed oil has sold<br />
as low as 93 cents per gallon and the market still rules<br />
weak, with the range in small lots on 5 bbls. or less<br />
of $1.04 to $1.07. In less than 5 bbl. lots 3 cts. per<br />
gallon more is asked than for carload lots which can<br />
be had at 93 cts. to $1.02, and less than carloads at<br />
$1.00 to $1.07. A further advance of 2 cents is asked<br />
for boiled oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.—-There have been fluctuations<br />
111 the price of turpentine without great volume of business<br />
and while it has been low as $1.10 a crallon in
November 19, 1920 P L U M B E R AND<br />
machine barrels in yard, it is now up again and has been<br />
above $1.20 but the present market price is $1.19.<br />
Rosin.—After rosin got down to $12.75 for 280 lb<br />
barrel the price for D grade rose to $12.95 and the<br />
wholesale price of common-to good strained is $13.25.<br />
Richardson & Boynton's New Bulletin<br />
The Richardson & Boynton Co. of 260 Fifth avenue.<br />
New York City, is issuing a new bulletin covering its<br />
line of "Perfect" ranges, for gas fuel only. This<br />
bulletin is very well illustrated, and contains the data<br />
on sizes, prices, etc., and can be used to advantage by<br />
plumbing contractors, selling this type of equipment.<br />
Copies can be had upon request to the manufacturer.<br />
New United States Radiator Catalogue<br />
The United States Radiator Corporation is issuing<br />
its new catalogue for the year 1920-1921, in which<br />
is completely illustrated the boilers, radiators, and<br />
specialties manufactured by that corporation. It also<br />
contains reference matter and engineering data of<br />
interest to designers of heating-systems. This catalogue<br />
can be had upon request to the manufacturers<br />
at Detroit, Mich.<br />
Large Donation to Hospital<br />
The H. W. Johns-Manville Co., Madison avenue and<br />
Forty-first street, New York City, has given $300,000<br />
towards the endowment fund of the new Fifth Avenue<br />
Hospital, New York City, which is soon to be erected<br />
at Fifth avenue and 106th street. This donation is<br />
the largest single one received to date.<br />
The new hospital is to be unique among the great<br />
hospitals of the metropolis in that it is to have no<br />
wards and every patient, who uses it, is to be provided<br />
with a private room. Patients of small means,<br />
who would ordinarily be placed in wards, will in this<br />
modern hospital be assured of privacy, as well a.s the<br />
best of treatment, at rates which they can afford.<br />
Drawings ^for New York Truck Space On<br />
November 18<br />
Drawings for the exhibitors space at thc High<br />
way Transportation Show to be held in New York<br />
City from January 3 to 8, -1921, will be made on<br />
November 18, 1920, at 8 o'clock p. m. at the offices<br />
of The Motor Truck Association of America, Inc.,<br />
144 West Sixty-fifth street.<br />
The show will be held in two buildings—the 12th<br />
Regiment Armory, at Sixty-second street and Columbus<br />
avenue, 200 ft. off Broadway, and at the<br />
First Field Artillery'Armory, Sixty-eighth Street<br />
and Broadway. Each of these buildings has a floor<br />
space approximately 25,000 sq. ft. available for<br />
exhibits.<br />
Death of Matthew H. Nutter<br />
Matthew H. Nutter, a master plumber, steam fitter,<br />
stove dealer and hardware dealer of Pittsfield, Mass.,<br />
died at his home in that city recently. He was a native<br />
of Pittsfield, 62 years old and was chairman of<br />
the board of education and prominent in civic affairs.<br />
He leaves a widow and seven children.<br />
STEAM FITTER<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when you write<br />
/<br />
/<br />
cytJGEL<br />
1<br />
f<br />
1. i<br />
a 1<br />
r -:<br />
\ I<br />
**t<br />
7Q(G.1?I<br />
(^ PATENTED j^?-J ' " ""<br />
F<br />
ROST-PROOF<br />
CLOSETS<br />
are helping plumbers to<br />
build bigger business<br />
from existing buildings<br />
Your customers who are postponing<br />
new building operations will be glad<br />
to avail themselves of the convenience<br />
of the VOGEL in unheated places,<br />
such as the parage, back porch or yard.<br />
•*X_^_:_LJjiv FA " • You can meet this de-<br />
H >i£P^F~ Ajti n,CIIld v ith the VOGEL.<br />
^•^f * jjff It is simple to install.<br />
A j All ready assembled and<br />
tested when you get it.<br />
\ No pit needed.<br />
-<br />
1 Ask your jobber or send<br />
% to us for catalogue.<br />
- '-tei<br />
W7 Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
J% Wilmington<br />
-.j£&0r Delaware<br />
Saves 2 to 3 Gallons ot<br />
Water on Eaeh Flushing<br />
Look at the problem with the eyes of an architect or<br />
building manager, and it will bring sales to you. Here is<br />
a closet that flushes perfectly on less water than others,<br />
and saves many dollars on the year's water bill.<br />
Watrous Duojet Closets have been specified this year<br />
in hundreds of new buildings—and remodelings.<br />
Two powerful, converging jets insure immediate action,<br />
a thorough flush, with no waste water. The Watrous<br />
Duojet principle has no crevices, lodges or zigzag passages<br />
which form objectionable fouling places.<br />
Write today for catalog ot the Watrous line, whieh<br />
includes drinking fountains, flushing valves, urinals,<br />
self-closing cocks, liquid soap fixture.-, etc.<br />
THE IMPERIAL BRASS MFG. CO.<br />
1223 W. Harrison St., Chicago, 111.<br />
4l/Am9uc<br />
\ml PLUMBING ^<br />
ff FIXTURES , 1
P L U M B E R A N D S T E A M F I T T E R November 19, 1920<br />
The Barometers of American Business<br />
Week Ending November 12, 1920<br />
(Copyright by THE STREET, Inc.)<br />
LW—East Week (Shown by the Barometers) PW—Previous Week Y—Corresponding Week Last Year 1919—1919 Weekly average, taken as normal<br />
PW<br />
Hit<br />
LY- PW-<br />
i<br />
BUSINESS<br />
FAILURES<br />
(Dun's)<br />
(Number)<br />
LW<br />
PW<br />
LY<br />
1919<br />
250<br />
233<br />
126<br />
124<br />
PW-<br />
BUILDING FOOD TIME<br />
CONTRACTS PRICES MONEY<br />
(F. W. Dodge Co.) (Annalist) (90 days<br />
(In Millions) (Index No.) (Mixed)<br />
34*<br />
44*<br />
47*<br />
49<br />
tWeek ended Friday.<br />
243*<br />
238*<br />
281*<br />
296<br />
8%<br />
8%<br />
6!.%<br />
6'4%<br />
PW-<br />
LY<br />
i<br />
BANK DEMAND<br />
LOANS DEPOSITS<br />
(N. Y. Clearing (N. Y. Clearing<br />
House) House)<br />
(In Millions) (In Millions)<br />
5,316*<br />
5,372*<br />
5,382*<br />
5,012<br />
*One week earlier than other barometers.<br />
Summary of the Week's Developments<br />
Business activities continue to decline owing to<br />
demoralization caused by the sudden fall in commodity<br />
prices and the uncertainties which these declines<br />
aroused, says The Street of November 13.<br />
Commercial reports from Boston state that business<br />
is being done on a very light scale. New England<br />
mills and factories are curtailing production in textiles<br />
of all kinds. Reports from various centers state<br />
that footwear and leading staples are also being produced<br />
on a more limited scale. Retailers are preparing<br />
for a smaller Christmas trade than last year.<br />
The Boston wool market continues dull. The leather<br />
market and the building trades are quiet. There has<br />
been no important change in the business situation in<br />
the southern states. Distributions in the wholesale<br />
and retail trades are restricted. In some of the<br />
states a spell of unusual warm weather prevails and<br />
this was an additional factor in limiting buying for<br />
, the holiday trade.<br />
Commercial failures throughout the country this<br />
week numbered 233 as compared with 236 last week<br />
and 123 in the corresponding week a year ago.<br />
There was no change in the money situation, the<br />
rates varied between 9 and 10 per cent with a few<br />
quotations around 7.<br />
All the metal markets were dull. Reports from<br />
the iron and steel centers indicated that there was<br />
a cessation in price cutting which resulted in slightly<br />
increased sales for certain classes of iron and steel.<br />
There were no important features in the copper,<br />
4,086*<br />
4.122*<br />
4,236*<br />
4,051<br />
BANK<br />
CLEARINGS<br />
(N. Y. Clearing<br />
House)<br />
(In Millions)<br />
4,511*<br />
4,579*<br />
5.69S*<br />
4,506<br />
STOCK SALES<br />
(N. Y. Stock<br />
Exchange)<br />
(Thousands of<br />
Shares)<br />
6,433t<br />
3,S14t<br />
10,423t<br />
6,017<br />
BOND<br />
SALES<br />
(N. Y. Stock<br />
Exchange)<br />
(In Thousands)<br />
75,571t<br />
67,873t<br />
81,493t<br />
72,523<br />
lead and zinc market excepting that it was rumored<br />
that a large electrical company was in the market<br />
for a large quantity of copper. An official of the<br />
company stated that the report was not accurate. The<br />
tin market was quiet.<br />
There was renewed liquidation in the cotton market.<br />
Toward the end of the week, pressing sales<br />
caused prices to decline sharply. The decline was<br />
started by a sudden weakness developing in the<br />
Liverpool market. The condition of the New York<br />
stock market, also, was an important factor contributing<br />
to the slump in cotton. There was a<br />
slight rally in the cotton market early in the week<br />
but later disappointing cables from Brazil led to<br />
steady liquidation and short selling. The market<br />
closed soft. The sugar market continues demoralized.<br />
The grain markets followed the actions of the<br />
other primary markets. All grain prices, as well as<br />
those of provisions, declined to new low levels for the<br />
year.<br />
The New York stock market was demoralized<br />
throughout the week. On the 11th, there was a<br />
slight rally, but selling pressure was so heavy that it<br />
could not hold, and prices kept weakening on larger<br />
daily sales as the week progressed. On the 12th the<br />
market broke badly and new low levels resulted. The<br />
decline was accounted for by rumors of commercial<br />
failures. The real cause, however, was the disturbance<br />
in the credit market due to the rapid decline in<br />
the commodity markets.<br />
The foreign exchange market was irregular as a<br />
result of the credit situation and the declines in<br />
commodity selling here and abroad.
PLUMBER and<br />
STEAM FITTE<br />
Vol. XCIV, No. 18 DECEMBER 3, 1920 $2.00 a Year<br />
Big Room for You to Get a Profit<br />
Plumbing and <strong>Steam</strong> Fitting Contractors in Th's Age of Intense Business<br />
Methods Can Well Scrutinize Progressive Moves Made in Every Part of<br />
Industrial Field—Therein Is Indication of the Best \ houghts and Ideas<br />
There is a reason for the Richardson & Boynton<br />
Co.'s show'room at Fifth avenue and Twenty-ninth<br />
street. It is put<br />
there to stimulate<br />
and create a deman<br />
d for the<br />
products of that<br />
company. The<br />
value of this particular<br />
showroom,<br />
or in fact any<br />
showroom, depends<br />
upon the<br />
results it effects<br />
in stimulating and<br />
creating a dem<br />
a n d for the<br />
products among<br />
the public who<br />
visit or see it.<br />
The result it<br />
effects depends<br />
largely on the degree<br />
its possibilities<br />
are understood<br />
and used<br />
by plumbing and<br />
steam fitting contractors.<br />
Its<br />
value can be increased<br />
by more<br />
intensive use.<br />
Therefore, to utilize<br />
the showroom<br />
to the utmost<br />
advantage,<br />
plumbing and<br />
steam fitting contractors<br />
can well<br />
examine its relation<br />
to increased<br />
profits and<br />
business for them.<br />
The normal<br />
effect which the<br />
showroom has in<br />
stimulating and creating demand for the general seeing<br />
and visiting public, for the boilers, tank heaters, radi<br />
ators and ranges, which the Richardson & Boynton Co.<br />
manufactures and shows in the windows and on the<br />
floor, is of a positive<br />
nature. Thousands<br />
of people<br />
pass the showroom<br />
each day.<br />
Hundreds are attracted<br />
to its windows.<br />
Many<br />
enter to examine<br />
more closely and<br />
to have explained<br />
the goods which<br />
are displayed.<br />
The value of<br />
this cannot be definitelydetermined,<br />
but there is<br />
no question but<br />
that it is of great<br />
advantage to both<br />
the manufacturers,<br />
the plumbing<br />
and steam fitting<br />
contractors.<br />
But—there are<br />
millions of people<br />
within a<br />
radius of 100<br />
miles wdio visit<br />
New York City<br />
from one to<br />
three hundred<br />
times each year.<br />
Thousands upon<br />
thousands of<br />
them are good<br />
prospects for<br />
boilers, tank heaters<br />
or ranges.<br />
Less than 1 per<br />
cent of these<br />
SECTION Ol? SHOWROOM, SHOWING RANGES AND BOILERS<br />
thousands visit<br />
many showrooms<br />
this or any of the<br />
maintaired by the manufacturers.<br />
Less than 1/100 of 1 per cent visit them on the mvita-
528<br />
tion of the plumbing and the steam fitting contractors.<br />
That may seem strange. There is a reason. Possibly<br />
you have wiped a joint, or at least you may have<br />
seen a joint wiped. The final work which makes the<br />
GARAGE HEATING UNIT IN FRONT WINDOW<br />
joint a good one, which gives it strength'and is therefore<br />
largely responsible for the satisfactory results of<br />
that joint, is done by the skilful handling of the wiping<br />
cloth. The wiping cloth in itself is impotent to explain<br />
how best it can be used, and dormant unless<br />
used. True, it has great possibilities of producing<br />
handsome and durable results when properly used. It<br />
even suggests its use to one mechanically inclined.<br />
There is the answer to the showroom. It can suggest.<br />
It cannot explain. Its results are dependent, as<br />
the wiping cloth, on knowledge, skill and use.<br />
As the apprentice practises with the cloth to perfect<br />
his skill in wiping, so must the plumbing and steam<br />
fitting contractor ever be on the alert to develop his<br />
skill in using all opportunities to make his business a<br />
profit producer. To overlook the showroom as one of<br />
those opportunities is like buying a railroad ticket and<br />
then walking to beat the railroad company.<br />
Large manufacturers are ever casting about to anticipate<br />
the needs of the public. That is as it should be;<br />
the manufacturer does not serve the plumbing and<br />
steam fitting contractor, and the contractor the public,<br />
although it may seem that way. The manufacturer<br />
tries to find out what the public needs, will need or<br />
buy. He makes the thing which he thinks will best<br />
serve those needs. True in many cases he sells it to<br />
the public through the plumbing and steam fitting contractor<br />
only, but that means just this: The plumbing<br />
and steam fitting contractor has a definite part to take<br />
in distributing goods to the public. That part is to<br />
sell goods to the public, to install and to maintain them.<br />
The manufacturer must dispose of his product to the<br />
public. The contractor is the channel through which<br />
P L U M B E R A N D STEAM FITTER December 3, 1920<br />
this is done. Their efforts should be co-operative.<br />
Either one not doing his full share, lays down on the<br />
job and causes a loss to both and also to the public.<br />
Therefore, the progressive spirit shown by the Richardson<br />
& Boynton Co. in establishing and maintaining<br />
its showroom on Fifth avenue, deserves the recognition<br />
of the plumbing and steam fitting contractors. The<br />
spot has been selected for the convenience of the public,<br />
expert salesmen are provided to support the contractor's<br />
efforts. The contractor can send his prospects there<br />
in full confidence of the location, display and reputation<br />
of the company adding to, rather than detracting from<br />
his prestige.<br />
The part of the contractor, in his natural business<br />
relation to the distribution of the product, is to have<br />
his prospect visit the showroom. To be sure, this can<br />
best be expedited by the manufacturer keeping the contractor<br />
posted on its contents, which fact clearly defines<br />
the reason why the plumbing and heating contractor<br />
should read the advertisements in his trade paper. There<br />
he can and will find the description of articles, and the<br />
location of places where he can and should send his<br />
prospects.<br />
The utmost confidence can be placed in reliable manufacturers<br />
by plumbing and steam fitting contractors.<br />
The manufacturers cannot afford to risk their reputations<br />
by ignoring or counteracting honest effort to dispose<br />
of their products. To bring out a new style range,<br />
that is to get it up to the point where the manufacturer<br />
HOUSE HEATING BOIEER DEMONSTRATING RICHARDSON<br />
& BOYNTON VACUUM SYSTEM EQUIPMENT<br />
can make them in quantities to sell, takes from 1 to 2<br />
years of hard labor. It requires the manufacturer expending<br />
from $10 to $100,000 for experimental work,<br />
testing and equipment. That labor and money are all<br />
expended by the manufacturer on his belief that the<br />
article which he is making will satisfy a public need,<br />
(Continued on Page 331)
December 3. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 529<br />
Father Carries the Goal<br />
That Exasperates Mother with Heat<br />
Discomfort and Sapped Vitality Are No Longer Necessary as the Price to<br />
Be Paid for Hot Water—When Modern Appliances Afforded No Better<br />
Solution, Hot Water Produced by the Range Fire Was a Necessary Evil<br />
Through negligence or lack of information the routine<br />
of drafts includes coal the first thing in the morning and<br />
the last thing at night during the summer months to<br />
keep the range fire going only to supply hot water for<br />
household use. Every plumber is familiar with the<br />
sight of the housewife utterly uncomfortable through<br />
being subjected to the ordeal of doing the necessary<br />
SIMPLE, EFFICIENT, SAFE HELPS DAD, SAVES MOTHER<br />
KILLS WORK<br />
work in her kitchen when the kitchen range was sending<br />
out volumes of additional discomfort in the shape<br />
of heat, all of which was sapping the vitality of that<br />
housewife and transforming her work into kitchen drudgery.<br />
The housewife suffered in silence rather than<br />
not have hot water for family use.<br />
Strange, isn't it, why Dad continues to carry coal to<br />
exasperate Mother or f<strong>org</strong>ets to carry and forces<br />
Mother to contribute to her own discomfort? More<br />
than that Dad has to pay for the coal too, and that<br />
comes high these days. When you think it over Dad is<br />
paying a mean trick on Mother, but he is not adding to<br />
his own comfort or subtracting any from his chores. He<br />
carries the coal and pays the bill. Why? In nearly<br />
every case it is because he does not know how easily it<br />
all could be avoided. He does not know of kerosene or<br />
gas water heaters.<br />
IF DAD ONLY KNEW<br />
That ignorance on the part of Dad makes it possible<br />
for the plumber to step in and tell him a few plain<br />
facts that he will be glad to know and will mean the sale<br />
of a heater, the work of installing and profits for the<br />
plumber. The live wire plumbers are doing this and<br />
collecting handsome profits.<br />
Kerosene and gas water heaters are perfected far beyond<br />
the experimental stage. They are a staple, safe<br />
and reliable article of merchandise. They do what they<br />
are built to do—heat water. More than that they do it<br />
economically, consistently and require but a small<br />
amount of attention. Once installed they are a constant<br />
source of satisfaction to the owner.<br />
There are thousands of homes where they are needed<br />
because there are thousands of homes where hot water<br />
is not to be had in the summer months because of the<br />
excessive heat given off by the kitchen range in heating<br />
it. There are other thousands of homes in wdiich the<br />
housewives are subjected to the unnecessary and exasperating<br />
heat rather than to go without hot water.<br />
Kerosene and gas water heaters make it absolutely<br />
unnecessary for the family to go without baths or the<br />
housewives to continue to subject themselves to this<br />
discomfort as the price of the convenience of hot water.<br />
This field opens up thousands of prospects for the<br />
plumber. It requires but small effort to make the sale.<br />
Useful data and information can be had from plenty<br />
of the manufacturers. Their installation is very simple<br />
and can be done by any first class mechanic. Kerosene<br />
or gas water heaters, properly installed, will make<br />
friends for the plumber installing them. Practically<br />
all of this business can be closed without entering competition.<br />
The profits therefrom will justify active effort.<br />
EASY TO SEEL<br />
The selling of water heaters requires no great effort<br />
or sales ability on the part of the plumber. Every<br />
prospect knows that installing the heater makes life<br />
more endurable for those of his family who are forced<br />
to spend part of their time in the kitchen preparing<br />
meals No question but that he knows all about the<br />
heat from that kitchen fire. He carries the coal in<br />
and the ashes out and gets all the complaint of thewomen<br />
folks. What he knows of that particular item<br />
does not make him the more comfortable or contented.<br />
The big thing is this, that he doesn't know how easily<br />
it all could be changed. He wants something to heat<br />
the water less the heat of the kitchen range but doesn t<br />
know that he could have it. Therefore the sale is easy.<br />
If a fellow has his mind made up that he absolutely<br />
(Continued on Page 552)
530 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 3, 1920<br />
Waiting Time Can Be Turned to Dollar Profits<br />
The Man Who Takes the Story of Them to the Occupants Brings Away the Order<br />
for Iheir Installation—He Doesn't Wait to Be Chased by the Long Felt Want<br />
No tradesman can escape having to wait for some If he has left the shop behind him at the end of the<br />
cause almost every day before he can go on with his day and cultivated some good reading and associated<br />
day's work. Do you spend that time profitably? It is with good people, he will be well prepared to take up<br />
good time for thinking.<br />
this selling job with people who are easy to get along<br />
Are there not a number of good hearted, well-to-do with and people who are difficult to approach. He will<br />
people all around vou who are getting along with the be successful with both classes of people.<br />
same old things which thev did years ago? Aren't He will be able to take his runabout out among the<br />
they in circumstances to surround themselves and fami farms and pre.ent his case just as acceptably to the<br />
lies with things that will allow them more ease than folks out there. He can stop along the road where a<br />
they now take? Isn't their very method of life calcu man comes out to the end of the row with a plow and<br />
lated to make it easy to show them what you can do is ready for a little chat and start things going in that<br />
that will greatly increase their comfort?<br />
way.<br />
There are now in the United States a number of suc<br />
DO YOU KNOW ALL THESE PROSPECTS?<br />
cessful business men who have paid less attention to<br />
Flave you made in your mind a list of these people<br />
their shops and the mere mechanical work in the recent<br />
and studied their lives, habits and requirements so as<br />
years than they have to going around and hunting places<br />
to know just exactly how to approach Tom or William,<br />
to sell their goods and keep their men employed install<br />
Sam or Andrew, and Rebecca or Jane, to he sure of<br />
ing them. They look upon this as more important<br />
getting a genial smile and an interested hearing to what<br />
than the personal superintendence of the work.<br />
you will have to say? What better use can you make<br />
of some time than in compiling this list of prospective<br />
customers and in preparing a campaign for their business<br />
that will be sure to end in an order.<br />
You can drop around some Monday morning when<br />
Mary in the midst of the hot suds and tell her that some<br />
time in the latter part of the week you want to tell<br />
her how she can cut out all that hard work and make<br />
the laundry work or wash day an entirely different sort<br />
of experience. She is too busy then to hear anything<br />
more than the mere statement but will be glad wdien the<br />
ironing is over and the mid-week's work has been completed<br />
and she is doing the darning or mending, to give<br />
you some attention. Then you can show her how by<br />
installing a water supply outfit she can have hot and<br />
cold water, not only in tbe kitchen but in the bathroom<br />
with all of the modern equipment and a modern laundry,<br />
with an electric washing machine to do all the drudgery,<br />
so that there is mighty little to except to put the clothes<br />
in and out and hang them out on the line.<br />
When you show her the pictures of several different<br />
styles, she will be as interested as a child. When you<br />
tell her that you have looked them all over and this is<br />
the best kind, that you have put one in for Mrs. Brown,<br />
Mrs. Smith, Mrs. Jones and out on Samantha's farm,<br />
where with all of the dairymen, wash day is no longer<br />
a burden to the women folks, she will commence to<br />
think that the whole thing is well worth consideration.<br />
BY TRAINING YOU ARE FITTED<br />
Through early training and skill as mechanics the<br />
are especially well qualified to see that their customers<br />
get the character of service which they need. This<br />
is the character of service which manufacturers are<br />
only too glad to see their customers getting.<br />
Manufacturers are then ready to furnish advertising<br />
matter and are eager to render such help as they and<br />
SALES EEFORT GETS BUSINESS<br />
That is the character of salesmanship which, when<br />
pushed puts sales across. It puts the heater in the<br />
cellar to heat the whole building, puts the water sup<br />
ply outfit alongside of it that will also make electricity<br />
for lighting the home and as well as pumping the water<br />
so that a modern plumbing system can be enjoyed.<br />
And it paves the way for folks, who are at the time of<br />
life when comfort is important, for providing themselves<br />
with conveniences that insure the comfort.<br />
If the young man who grew up in the community<br />
and is now in business for himself shows by his dress<br />
and general appearance that he is comfortable, he will<br />
make the other people feel comfortable in his presence.<br />
THEY LISTEN BECAUSE YOU KNOW WHAT YOU ARE<br />
TALKING ABOUT<br />
their salesmen may to men of this type. This sale<br />
paign can be greatly aided if, when the time of waiting<br />
is used for thinking and preparing a list so that to this<br />
list circulars from the manufacturers of bath tubs, of<br />
heaters, of washers, and of water supply systems, can<br />
be mailed from time to time so as to keep the folks informed<br />
of what you have been discussing with them<br />
and what you want them to know about. Then when<br />
these lists are made if you can call attention to the<br />
installations you have made for some of their neighbors
December 3. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
and the satisfaction that they have received from what<br />
you have done, there is a certainty that as time goes<br />
on business will be coming your way.<br />
Picking out this kind of trade enables you to pick<br />
out the kind of people wdio are well-to-do and who can<br />
afford to buy the best things and who, when the work<br />
is completed, can settle without keeping you for months<br />
without your money. They will settle so that you can<br />
discount your bills and make the extra profit.<br />
The man who is selling a large amount of stuff and<br />
discounting his bills is the man who is sure to secure<br />
SPEND THE ODD MOMENTS PLANNING<br />
favors from both salesmen and manufacturers. When<br />
goods are scarce in the market, the shipments to them<br />
will be hurried along. They will get favors that seem<br />
impossible They will have nothing to complain about<br />
when their fellow tradesmen are lamenting that they<br />
can't get goods to do work for which they have orders.<br />
There is the point to be realized. In the present<br />
situation, that is a sharper prod than ever in tbe past<br />
and there are an immense number of homes with utterly<br />
out-of-date equipment. The man who is a fair mechanic<br />
can better than anybody else see what can be done and<br />
how to do it and consequently can present the case to<br />
those most interested in the most convincing way. He<br />
can point out changes which are absolutely essential<br />
to be made at an early date. He can fit those changes<br />
to the poeketbook of the owner.<br />
This type of service earns a handsome profit, and<br />
adds to the prestige of the shop pushing it. It earns for<br />
him the reputation of being a live wire.<br />
Work Hard—Think Hard—Now<br />
Nobody writes a letter or a story these days without<br />
getting in a remark or two on the difficulty experienced<br />
in living. Looks as if the world had depreciated about<br />
50 per cent in common sense and energy as the result<br />
of the war. Now we ought to begin catching up.<br />
The best way to begin is to muster all the philosophy<br />
one is gifted with and settle down to get the best of<br />
what is going and to give the best of which he is<br />
capable.<br />
For instance, service. Our business is one that is<br />
built up on service more than any other. Our success<br />
depends upon the quality of service we are able to<br />
offer and flourishes exactly in proportion. Average<br />
business men have found themselves, perhaps unconsciously,<br />
buying from houses with whom they did little<br />
or no business before. Why? Because the fine, jovial<br />
fellows who used to get their orders have fallen down<br />
in service. They have found their <strong>org</strong>anizations unable<br />
to keep pace with the demand for their lines or have<br />
been satisfied to let their former friends and customers<br />
suffer loss and inconvenience because it has been a hard<br />
and nerve racking job to find goods to supply needs.<br />
Other men, with less personal charm but better balance<br />
and more pep have hustled and worried and<br />
worked to fill every order coming to them or have made<br />
it obvious that their inability to fill it has grieved and<br />
pained them inexpressibly. At least they have shown<br />
a real desire to give service while the man who, because<br />
of the past business relations ought to have strained<br />
every nerve and sinew to keep his friends, was satisfied<br />
to lie down and enjoy the easier way. He picked what<br />
he could and let the rest go. If ever times come back<br />
to what we consider normal, what a hustle that man<br />
will have to put on to earn a living.<br />
Let us profit by our own experience and work and<br />
think hard now. It will show whether we are competent<br />
to give service or merely to fill an order when it<br />
1s convenient to do so. Now is the time to serve.<br />
Big Room for You Get a Profit<br />
(Continued from Page 528)<br />
that he can sell enough of them to return the original<br />
investment at a reasonable profit.<br />
With that amount at stake, he cannot afford to use<br />
crooked business methods. He knows his products must<br />
be right, his treatment of the plumbing and steam fitting<br />
contractor must be right, his treatment of the<br />
public must be right. That is the basis of all good<br />
business.<br />
Therefore, he takes no risks in that direction. This<br />
assures that each contractor sending prospects will have<br />
such prospects treated courteously and all facts relative<br />
to such visit kept strictly confidential between the<br />
manufacturer and the contractor.<br />
Closer co-operation between the manufacturer and<br />
the contractor is necessary to best results for all. Disregard<br />
of the progressive efforts of either one by the<br />
other by just that much reduces the value of that effort.<br />
A team that pulls together can easily move the load<br />
which balks every effort of either one alternatively<br />
straining at with every ounce of power of which they<br />
are capable. Manufacturers, plumbing and steam fitting<br />
contractors cannot expect proper progress of industry,<br />
satisfactory or just returns for their efforts, if<br />
they disregard that fact.<br />
There is expense attached to the maintenance of showrooms.<br />
Its proportionate relation to the material sold<br />
is so small that it justifies maintenance. Intensive ' se<br />
of a sales room will not materially add to that cost, but<br />
it will insure a greater satisfaction to customer^ and increase<br />
profits for the plumbing and steam fitti ig contractor.<br />
It is easy, logical.<br />
Big business men do not attemp* to do everything<br />
themselves. They get things don. by planning to have<br />
other people do thein. That : . where the showroom<br />
can be made a factor in your profits. You plan to get<br />
prospects to visit it. You get action on that plan by telling<br />
prospects what is there, and inviting them to see it.<br />
You use the sales room force to do your selling. You<br />
get the profit while the other fellow is selling for you.<br />
The time saved can be turned to more profit in many<br />
ways. That is bullseye business. It is good business.<br />
It stamps you as a live wire. What is more, it puts<br />
the little iron men in your pocket. It is brain money.<br />
Plumbing and steam fitting contractors are not shy of<br />
brains. Use yours a little on intensive use of the show<br />
rooms. You will be pleased with the results.
532 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 3. 1920<br />
Disapproval of Trade Term " Wrought Pipe"<br />
Executive Committee of National Pipe and Supplies Association Recommends<br />
Nomenclature Conforming with Specifications of American Society<br />
for Testing Materials Covering Welded Steel and Wrought Iron Pipe<br />
When the pipe maker takes a length of steel skelp<br />
and a length of wrought iron skelp, and forms them into<br />
pipe, he performs exactly the same operation on both<br />
materials, i. e., he bends them into tubular shape and<br />
welds the edges. Quite correctly, therefore, the American<br />
Society for Testing Materials in its Specifications<br />
uses the word "welded" in conjunction with both<br />
wrought iron and steel pipe made by the processes of<br />
welding, as distinguished from pipe made by othef<br />
processes, such as seamless pipe and cast pipe of iron,<br />
steel, brass or other metals.<br />
This is apropos the trade term "wrought pipe'' to<br />
which considerable opposition has developed on the part<br />
of architects, engineers, consumers and manufacturers<br />
of pipe who desire to eliminate the present confusing<br />
trade terms.<br />
Probably some 30 years ago, after the introduction of<br />
welded steel pipe, the term "wrought pipe" or "wrought<br />
steel pipe" was coined by steel pipe manufacturers; this<br />
term gradually came into use by dealers and jobbers;<br />
thus steel pipe would be billed and listed as "wrought<br />
pipe."<br />
term for both kinds of pipe impossible of misinterpretation.<br />
As a result, Ge<strong>org</strong>e D. Mcllvane, secretary treasurer<br />
of the National Pipe and Supplies' Association,<br />
has sent out letters announcing the adoption of the following<br />
resolution by the Executive Committee and Advisory<br />
Board, at its fall meeting, held in New York on<br />
Thursday, November 11.<br />
THE RESOLUTION ADOPTED RECENTLY<br />
WHEREAS, the distributors of Pipe for many years used<br />
terms to designate the various types and makes of pipe that<br />
have not been truly descriptive of same, and<br />
WHEREAS, it is the desire of this association to cooperate<br />
in every way with the manufacturers in the development<br />
of trade practices and customs of accepted merit, and<br />
which will be fair and- intelligible to the manufacturer, distributor<br />
and public alike.<br />
IT IS HEREBY RESOLVED by the officers and members<br />
of the Executive Committee and Advisory Board of the<br />
National Pipe and Supplies Association in its fall meeting,<br />
held in New York City on Thursday, November 11, that<br />
AVERAGE CONSUMER OFTEN UNFAMILIAR WITH<br />
it is their judgment that the terms employed by the American<br />
Society for Testing Materials in differentiating between Iron<br />
and Steel Pipe, viz:<br />
(a) Welded Wrought Iron Pipe<br />
TRADE NAME<br />
(b) Welded Steel Pipe<br />
should be accepted and adhered to by the distributors of both<br />
The average consumer of pipe, not acquainted with Iron and Steel Pipe, this being in the interest of the manu<br />
this "trade name" frequently labors under the impresfacturers of the Pipe, those who distribute it, and those who<br />
sion that it means wrought iron pipe. In fact, the names, use it, each being entitled to know clearly and without doubt<br />
being so much alike, have led to the term "wrought iron the make and quality of the Pipe involved in the transaction.<br />
pipe" by the jobbers and contractors being interpreted This step should result in the term "Welded Pipe"<br />
as meaning steel pipe, defying architects' and engineers' being applied when both wrought iron and steel pipe are<br />
specifications and resulting in endless confusion. referred to, and that the latter two terms alone, namely<br />
Thus, contractors in specific cases, where they must "wrought iron pipe" on the one hand and "steel pipe" on<br />
have known positively that the term "wrought iron pipe" the other hand, be used and interpreted respectively to<br />
in architects' and engineers' specifications was intended mean exactly what these terms imply. Thus, "wrought<br />
to mean wrought iron and not steel pipe, have installed iron pipe" will mean only pipe which is made from<br />
steel pipe and been able to escape responsibility in law genuine puddled wrought iron, and "steel pipe" will be<br />
suits on the plea that "wrought iron" pipe is a trade term used exclusively to designate pipe made of soft Besse<br />
meaning either wrought iron or steel pipe, as distinmer or Open Hearth steel.<br />
guished from cast iron pipe. Quite in keeping with this<br />
objectionable "trade practice" a supply association, innocent<br />
of any unfair intent, recently published the fol<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s Plan Buyers' Organization<br />
lowing Trade Custom:<br />
"Wrought iron pipe is a term used to distinguish<br />
wrought from cast pipe. It is construed to mean merchant<br />
pipe and is generally made from soft steel. Persons<br />
desiring to obtain pipes made from puddled iron<br />
must designate genuine wrought iron pipe, for which an<br />
extra charge is made."<br />
The Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association at Omaha, Neb.,<br />
planning to form an <strong>org</strong>anization to purchase plumbing<br />
supplies direct from eastern manufacturers, according to<br />
Secretary A. B. Cunningham.<br />
In regard to this movement on the part of the master<br />
plumbers, E. W. Knapp, manager for the Crane Co., at<br />
Omaha, states: "We are able to meet whatever demand<br />
CLARIFYING SO-CALLED TRADE NAMES<br />
exists, and there is nothing in the statement that there is<br />
a holding back for fear of a drop in prices."<br />
Subsequently, the manufacturers of wrought iron This is done it is said, because the master plumbers<br />
pipe, actively aided by the American Institute of Archi believe they have been unable to go ahead with some<br />
tects, took up with the Supply Associations the matter jobs because of the inability of local jobbers to supply<br />
of clarifying these so-called trade names, suggesting certain materials.- '•<br />
instead names that would ultimately result in eliminating "We have been held up in our operations in many in<br />
all confusion of puddled wrought iron with pipe made stances," states Mr. Cunningham, "because jobbers here,<br />
from soft steel.<br />
for some reason have been unable to supply the neces<br />
Jt was argued that trade names which concealed the sary materials. The impression exists that jobbers have<br />
truth are misleading, even to buyers who are supposed been afraid to make large orders for fear of a drop in<br />
vto>,be well informed, and that the substitution of the prices. The plumbers' plan is to buy on a large scale<br />
word "welded" for "wrought" would create a common so that they can get something done." • ' ,, -,- j
December 3. 1920<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Solving a Factory Wash Room Problem<br />
Showing a Simple and Efficient Factory Shower and Toilet Room<br />
and Methods Employed to Protect It Against Frost in Winter<br />
Although the work of a small town combination shop<br />
runs along rather humdrum lines from month to month,<br />
occasionally a job of some interest comes along to liven<br />
things up. Among such is the one I am about to describe.<br />
It came up because of an urgent need for additional<br />
manufacturing space in a local factory and inability<br />
L.IN. E_. STEAM<br />
y^WATEe HEATER<br />
.COLD WATER.<br />
FEE.C<br />
-HOT WATEE.<br />
veNT<br />
THRU ROORj<br />
TOILET i WASH<br />
uoo M<br />
5INK3<br />
-DRAIN<br />
5HOWEE<br />
^-PEAir.5<br />
FLOOE<br />
534 P L U M B E R A N D S T E A M F I T T E R December 3. 1920<br />
Reputation Doesn't Happen—It Is Built<br />
Utica Plumhers Launch Trade Extension Bureau "Campaign of Knowledge"—<br />
Much Enthusiasm and a Grim Determination to Learn Thoroughly the A. B. C's<br />
of Modern Business Methods Shown—Professor Morehouse's Lecture Should<br />
Be Given Wide Publicity—It Is a Reputation Builder, Based on Facts<br />
The lecture embracing all essential facts and figures<br />
of the talk prepared by the National Trade Extension<br />
Bureau, as delivered by Professor Russel Morehouse,<br />
of Clinton High School, to the plumbers of Oneida,<br />
Rome, Little Falls, Dolgeville and Herkimer, vvill have<br />
a marked affect for the good of the industry in that<br />
territory. It can well be imitated.<br />
Professor Morehouse in prefacing his lecture said<br />
that he believed in the practical kind of education which<br />
supplies a good foundation for advancement and gives<br />
a training which permits escape from a dull, monotonous<br />
daily grind. He said in part:<br />
COMBAT THE CRITIC<br />
The plumbing and heating contractor has been so frequently<br />
made the subject of jest, cartoon and adverse<br />
criticism that the impression has been left in the minds<br />
of the average customer that a plumber's bill is a shining<br />
example of inflation and exhorbitant charges. It is wise,<br />
therefore, for you to have at your tongue's end, sufficient<br />
information to combat the critic who would tear<br />
down your business and who would make you appear<br />
as a highwayman to your friends and the public, and to<br />
correct the erroneous concept which has developed almost<br />
into a prejudice to your craft.<br />
Your critics lose sight of the service you are undeniably<br />
rendering society. They fail to give due consideration<br />
to the magnitude of the role you are playing<br />
in providing for the comforts of life and in safeguarding<br />
and protecting health. They f<strong>org</strong>et that 50 years<br />
ago the bathroom and radiator heating were only in the<br />
homes of the wealthy and that these were in their crudest<br />
forms. They fail to appreciate that you are directly<br />
responsible for the extensive and general improvement<br />
along this line.<br />
PEOPLE WOULD NOT DO WITHOUT MODERN SANITARY<br />
EQUIPMENT<br />
To-day you bring to the home much comfort, health,<br />
cleanliness and even elegance at a cost one tenth as great<br />
as our forefathers would have paid. To-day our people<br />
would not do without modern plumbing and heating for<br />
ten times the present cost.<br />
It is, then, an undisputed fact that the sanitary equipment<br />
of the home renders a life-long service to all the<br />
members of the household—a service which cannot be<br />
dispensed with and still retain the health of its members.<br />
Your work renders a higher quality of service than do<br />
the other furnishings of the home. These, it is true,<br />
contribute to style, display and comfort, yet they are<br />
only short lived, and do not measure up with your disease<br />
preventive service and comfort giving material and<br />
workmanship.<br />
SUBSTANTIAL RETURN ON INVESTMENT<br />
When the thinking person measures the nature of the<br />
service, the period of the service, the cost and maintenance<br />
of the equipment in and about American public<br />
buildings, homes, apartments, in full fairness to you he<br />
is bound to admit that sanitary plumbing and efficient<br />
heating and ventilating return the owner far more on<br />
his investment than any other equipment he can install.<br />
In spite of this unassailable fact, your business operations<br />
do not furnish your industry any such profits as<br />
have been enjoyed by other business enterprises providing<br />
other equipment. Your industry has not amassed<br />
wealth as has the banker, doctor and innumerable other<br />
lines of commercial endeavor which have rendered the<br />
huying public no greater service than has the heating<br />
and plumbing contractor.<br />
As an introduction to this subject of comparative<br />
profits, it would, perhaps, be wise for me to briefly<br />
discuss just of wdiat profit consists.<br />
Profit is not interest on an investment. Profit is not<br />
a salary received for managing a business enterprise.<br />
Profit is not the money made working with tools or acting<br />
as foremen or superintendent. All of these are items<br />
which the proprietor of an establishment should properly<br />
receive as the manager or a worker in his own<br />
business.<br />
WHAT PROFIT IS<br />
Profit can only be the owner's final net return for the<br />
risks taken in providing for the wants of his customers<br />
and the community. There is no profit until money is<br />
made over and above all the recognized costs of operation.<br />
The speaker quoted a number of statistics to show<br />
that profits made in this business were less than those<br />
made last year in other lines of business, and said that<br />
therefore, when a fair comparison is made of gross<br />
profits, the fact comes out beyond dispute that the public<br />
pays as little or less for these elements, when buying<br />
your services, as they do when buying shoes, dry goods<br />
and the like.<br />
Piping Contractors<br />
The purpose of looking into the future and discussing<br />
the matter with those who are mostly deeply interested<br />
brought not only the officers and directors of the Heating<br />
and Piping Contractors' National Association to<br />
New York City, but also the secretaries of the local<br />
associations and the headquarters at 50 Union square<br />
were busy on November 15 and 16.<br />
President J. E. Rutzler was supported by Vice-president<br />
N. Loring Danforth and the members of the board<br />
from the East. The Secretaries' association was also<br />
well represented by its membership and its meeting was<br />
presided over by C. W. Sisson of Boston. Many things<br />
that will have an effect on the business of next year<br />
were discussed and recommendations were made f hat<br />
will be taken home to the local association for consideration<br />
and action.<br />
The members on the evening of November 15 attended<br />
the dinner party and meeting of the New York<br />
Chapter of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating<br />
Engineers.
December 3, 1920<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 535<br />
John A. Murray Company Incorporates<br />
This Company, Johhers of Sleani and Gas Supplies,<br />
to Re-Organize and Incorporate December 31, 1920<br />
Arrangements are being made for the re-<strong>org</strong>anization<br />
and incorporation of the John A. Murray Co., 310 W'e. t<br />
Thirty-ninth streel. New York City, on December 31,<br />
1920, John A. Murray. Jr., entering tlie incorporation<br />
ORIGINAL QUARTERS OF<br />
COMPANY IN 1898<br />
VV H E1. E C O M P A N Y WAS<br />
LOCATED FROM 1901-1909<br />
as vice-president and taking active part in the management<br />
of the business.<br />
John A. Murray, Sr., probably the oldest plumbing<br />
supply man in the city and widely known as the dean<br />
of city plunibing jobbers, will retain his touch with the<br />
industry by virtue of being president of the new incorporation.<br />
However, part of his time will be spent in<br />
the interest of the Commonwealth Savings Bank, 2007<br />
BUILDING AT ('RESENT OCCUPIED BY THE COMPANY<br />
Amsterdam avenue. New York City, of which institution<br />
he has been chosen president. .<br />
The incorporation will be known as the John A.<br />
Murray & Co., Incorporated, officered as follows: President,<br />
John A. Murray, Sr.; vice-president, John A. Mur<br />
ray, Jr.; treasurer, J. VV. Tilton; secretary, Joseph M.<br />
Murray; general manager, \\ il.iam Al. Murray.<br />
The John A. Murray Co. for years has been known<br />
to the trade as the "House of Reliability." the growth<br />
ot its business is indicated by the various quarters it<br />
has occupied. The hrst picture shows the original<br />
quarters, occupied when the business was established<br />
in 1898, located at 114 West Thirty-fourth street. In<br />
1901 the volume of business forced the firm to seek<br />
larger quarters whicli were found at 025-27 Sixth avenue,<br />
shown in second picture and occupied from 1901-<br />
1909. At that time still larger quarters were necessary,<br />
and the move was made to 310-12 West Thirty-ninth<br />
street, the present home of the company.<br />
John A. Murray. Sr.. has for years been active in the<br />
plumbing industry. He has been president of the Eastern<br />
Supply Association, its representative to the United<br />
JOHN A. MURRAY, SR.<br />
States Chamber of Commerce, a member of the Xational<br />
Committee of Federated Supply Associations, instrumental<br />
in forming the Plumbing Supply Association<br />
and the Greater Xew York Association of Jobbers,<br />
and always active and constructive in the best<br />
interests of the industry. His business policy founded<br />
on strict honesty and fair dealing, has been progressive;<br />
the success won, merited.<br />
John A. Murray, Jr., brings to the new incorporation<br />
youth, ambition and thorough business training,<br />
together with the high qualities of manhood that distinguish<br />
this father. This added to the keen, balanced business<br />
ability of J. W. Tilton, and the expert purchasing<br />
and managing ability of William M. Murray, assures<br />
continuation of old policy of reliability plus service.
536 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 3. 1920<br />
Abuse Versus the Use of Motor Truck<br />
BY W. A. MAHON<br />
It Is Abuse Rather Than Use of Motor Trucks That Causes High<br />
Up-Keep and Maintenance Cost—Errors of Omission Are as<br />
Serious as Errors of Commission—Therefore Truck Drivers Should<br />
Re Required to Pass an Examination Which Will Definitely<br />
Determine Their Knowledge of Motor Trucks and Their Use<br />
A motor truck, contrary to ideas held by many truck<br />
owners, is not a "super-vehicle," which will run for<br />
eternity if the gas tank is only kept full, and if it is<br />
driven so as to avoid telephone poles, other vehicles,<br />
railroad trains and such other obstructions as may<br />
offer resistance to its passage. The average owner,<br />
after buying his truck immediately decides to operate<br />
said truck as cheaply as possible and so hires the driver<br />
who will work for him at the lowest figure. And<br />
thereby hangs a tale.<br />
Some time ago one of our dealers sold two \y> ton<br />
trucks to a lumber retailer. The work performed by<br />
the two trucks was identical and their mileages at the<br />
end of the year were practically the same, yet the cost<br />
of operation of one truck was just twice that of the<br />
other. Explanation? Easy.<br />
Any piece of machinery, trucks included, needs careful<br />
attention if it is to operate efficiently. This care,<br />
in the case of the motor truck must be given by the<br />
driver, and neglect or poor care will invariably cause<br />
the truck to give poor service and increase its cost of<br />
operation.<br />
Truck abuses on the part of the driver may be divided<br />
into two classes—errors of omission and errors of commission.<br />
Unlike the manager of a baseball team who<br />
remarked that he could f<strong>org</strong>ive errors of commission<br />
but could never f<strong>org</strong>ive errors of omission, we have<br />
found that abuses of either class are equally harmful to<br />
the truck. Abuses of commission include the following<br />
important items. Over-speeding; over-loading;<br />
reckless driving and tire abuse.<br />
ENEMIES OF THE MOTOR TRUCK<br />
Overloading is undoubtedly one of the worst enemies<br />
of efficient motor truck operation. Motor trucks of different<br />
makes and designs are built with certain factors<br />
of safety. This factor of safety is designed to take<br />
care of an occasional overload, but constant overloading<br />
will cut down the life of the truck immeasurably.<br />
Springs, axles, frames and in fact every part of tlie<br />
truck is injured severely by constant overloading and<br />
while the immediate results mav sometimes seem to<br />
justify overloading, we have found that in the long run,<br />
the man who overloads always pays for it manv times<br />
over in the end. A careful driver can check this thing<br />
of overloading and if he is the proper man for the<br />
place, he will see to it that his truck does not carry a<br />
load which will eventually break its back.<br />
Overspeeding is another very common abuse. This<br />
abuse applies more particularly to trucks equipped with<br />
solid tires than to trucks running on pneumatics. Overspeeding<br />
magnifies all strains, jars, jolts, etc., which<br />
the truck may encounter and without a doubt is also<br />
the cause of the majority of motor truck accidents.<br />
Manufacturers are in the habit of equipping their<br />
trucks with automatic governors which regulate the<br />
maximum speed at which the truck can be driven. A<br />
reckless driver, however, can easily put said governor<br />
out of action and the expensive piece of machinery<br />
which he is handling might then be said to be in the<br />
hands of the God of Chance. Careful driving is in a<br />
large measure included in the subject of overspeeding<br />
but it also includes several other factors which that<br />
topic does not include. Careful driving in crowded<br />
traffic will be found to save a good deal of money as<br />
will careful driving over rough roads and in fact any<br />
place where bad running conditions are encountered.<br />
A good truck driver will usually secure twice the<br />
mileage from a set of tires than a poor driver will and<br />
as we all know, truck tires whether solid or pneumatics<br />
cost real money. Overloading and over-speeding both<br />
have serious effects on tires. Driving in car tracks,<br />
driving too close to the curb or spinning the wheels<br />
on slippery pavements all are abuses which can be<br />
overcome by the good truck driver.<br />
ERRORS OF OMISSION<br />
The other series of abuses, those of omission, are so<br />
many in number that it will be impossible to go into<br />
them all in this article. The main ones, however, will<br />
be mentioned.<br />
First and most important of all abuses of omission<br />
is the failure to properly lubricate the truck chassis as<br />
a whole. Every point in a good truck chassis which is<br />
designed to withstand wear is provided with some<br />
method of lubrication whether it be the transmission,<br />
the motor, a spring shackle or other parts. It is designed<br />
so that a lubricant can be introduced at the poin +<br />
where the wear occurs. Failure to properly lubricate<br />
these points has cost truck owners more money probably<br />
than any other one thing.<br />
It is a dirty, greasy, grimy job to go over a truck<br />
chassis and turn up all of the grease cups or in the case<br />
of the most up-to-date trucks, lubricate with a special<br />
grease gun and the poor driver will pass up such a job.<br />
The good driver on the other hand will once a week<br />
carefully lubricate each point which is indicated on the<br />
chassis lubrication chart furnished by the manufacturer<br />
and will undoubtedly put years of life onto his motor<br />
truck.<br />
IMPORTANCE OF CHASSIS LUBRICATION<br />
Truck companies have for years endeavored to educate<br />
truck drivers in the importance of chassis lubrication.<br />
We, ourselves have spent a good many.thousand<br />
dollars along these lines and this year are equipping<br />
all of our trucks with the above mentioned pressure<br />
grease gun in order to make it an easier job to lubricate.<br />
Transmission and axh be inspected ever so<br />
often and heavy transmi i il should be poured in<br />
if needed. As to the mot - one realizes, I think.<br />
that infinite damage can • if the motor is run
December 3, 1920<br />
P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
without this necessary item. Cylinders can be scored<br />
bearings burnt out and in fact an engine can be completely<br />
ruined in a few minutes if proper attention is<br />
not given to the supply of oil.<br />
Brake adjustments should be inspected by the driver<br />
every morning. Hundreds and thousands of truck accidents<br />
occur on account of faulty brakes and the °-ood<br />
driver is very careful in regard to them. The poor<br />
driver on the other hand who goes on the theory of<br />
"good enough to get by" will without a doubt have a<br />
serious accident in time because he could not stop his<br />
truck soon enough.<br />
Much abuse is given to trucks because the small<br />
simple repairs which the driver can make are not made.<br />
Just the other day vve had a case of a truck owned by a<br />
bottling company hitting a depression in the road with<br />
a sudden jar which threw the body containing hundreds<br />
of dollars' worth of goods off and ruined most of it.<br />
This accident was caused because the clips holding the<br />
body to the frame had worn through and when the sudden<br />
jar was encountered, the body was thrown off.<br />
Renewal of these clips when the wear first started<br />
wpuld have avoided this accident and the careful driver<br />
would have seen the situation before the trouble occurred.<br />
There are hundreds of similar examples which<br />
we might mention and hundreds of points in the truck<br />
which should be looked at periodically.<br />
FAULTY ADJUSTMENTS A SOURCE OF HARM<br />
Truck engines are harmed many times on account of<br />
faulty carburetor adjustment. The poor truck driver<br />
will keep his truck running as long as it will turn a<br />
wheel while the careful truck driver will remedy faulty<br />
adjustment as soon as it comes to his notice and will<br />
undoubtedly save his employer large sums of money in<br />
the course of a year.<br />
Periodical washing and painting of the truck will go<br />
a long way towards keeping the truck in first class<br />
running condition. In the first place it gives the driver<br />
a sense of pride in his truck and in the second place it<br />
removes dirt and grease which will cover up parts where<br />
trouble may occur.<br />
DRIVERS SHOULD BE EXAMINED<br />
In order to guard against employing incompetent<br />
drivers, we have a very definite theory which vve believe<br />
will work out to advantage of all truck owners. We<br />
would suggest that when a truck driver applies for<br />
work, he be required to pass an examination covering<br />
the above points and which will conclusively show him<br />
to either possess sufficient knowdedge to overcome these<br />
points or will show him to be absolutely incompetent.<br />
A series of ten questions can easily be compiled covering<br />
the above points and we would like to see nothing<br />
better than the habit of giving such an examination to<br />
truck drivers becoming the regular thing whenever a<br />
driver is hired.<br />
Additional Meet of New England Golfers<br />
Owing to exceptional weather conditions, an additional<br />
meeting of the Xew England <strong>Metal</strong> Products<br />
Golf Association was held at the Wollaston Golf Club,<br />
Wollaston, Mass., after the official close of the association's<br />
tournaments.<br />
Sixteen of the members were present and Secretary<br />
J. S. Nicholl of the association, treasurer of the River<br />
537<br />
side Boiler \\ orks of Cambridge, Mass., took first prize<br />
at the morning play and C. A. Pastene similar honors<br />
in the afternoon match. Eighteen hole medal play was<br />
the order of the day.<br />
New Jersey Plumbing Executives in Plainfield<br />
The campaign of the two "Bills" in Xew Tersev to<br />
get 1000 members in the Master I'lumbers' Association<br />
before the next convention, was the occasion for the<br />
meeting of the executive officers in the state association<br />
in Plainfield, X. J., on Thursday, Xovember 18.<br />
Among those present were President William A<br />
Snudden, Vice-president S. T. Fredericks, Vice-president<br />
Frank Fell, Treasurer Ge<strong>org</strong>e Werner, Secretary<br />
Walter A. Grub, and Directors William Chestnut,<br />
William Delhagen, J. J. Corcoran, Joseph A. Sproul,<br />
William Kreuger and State Organizer William F. Beck!<br />
President Snudden met State Organizer Beck and<br />
Frank K. Chew in Orange, and motored over to Plainfield,<br />
visiting a number of the shops which were not affil-<br />
STATE ORGANIZER<br />
WILLIAM F. BECK<br />
_ 1<br />
j^ •-• ., -*St-y.<br />
•' / " ^<br />
• -•'•<br />
NATIONAL DIRECTOR<br />
HARRY J. FARREL<br />
iated with the association and secured promises for new<br />
members.<br />
President Philip Jahn, Secretary E. Anander and<br />
Treasurer H. Winn of the Plainfield association with<br />
Xational Director Harry J. Farrel were also in attendance.<br />
After the business session of the afternoon, the Plainfield<br />
association entertained the party at dinner at the<br />
Elks Club, and in the evening, the Plainfield association<br />
met and after disposing of some business, President<br />
Jahn introduced State President William A. Snudden,<br />
who thanked the members for the 16 members toward<br />
the 1000 members wanted, and complimented them on<br />
their fine city, which should support a good association.<br />
William F. Beck complimented them on coming into<br />
the state and national <strong>org</strong>anizations, explained the advantage<br />
to membership through service that was being<br />
rendered by the Xational Trade Extension Bureau and<br />
advised them to take up with its advice and become<br />
merchant plumbers so as to secure confidence and advised<br />
co-operation rather than competition.<br />
Vice-presidents Frederick and Fell, Ex-president William<br />
Chestnut, State Secretary Grub, Past State Secretary<br />
Joseph A. Durr, William Krueger, Ge<strong>org</strong>e H. Werner,<br />
J. J. Corcoran, William Delhagen and Frank K.<br />
Chew also spoke.<br />
After general discussion and expressions of enthusiasm,<br />
the meeting adjourned.
538 PLUMBERAND<br />
EDITORIAL<br />
Prove Your Merit by Meeting the Emergency<br />
<strong>Steam</strong> fitters and heating contractors have the opportunity<br />
of proving their mettle and the worth of their<br />
service by facing squarely the burden imposed on tbeir<br />
customers by the present high price of coal. They<br />
should face this situation with determination to use<br />
their every effort to combat it for the benefit of those<br />
customers. It is their duty to do so. Answer to<br />
the present high price of coal is not production in<br />
larger volume but rather economy of consumption.<br />
Xo one is more conversant with the many things<br />
which affect the efficiency of heating apparatus than<br />
the steam fitter or heating contractor, the insulating<br />
properties of dust, scale and rust, the improper combustion<br />
due to dirty flues, clogged chimneys, broken<br />
doors and frames, defective dampers and warped<br />
grates, and all matters of which they learn by practical<br />
experience. Xow is the time when that information<br />
should be placed at the disposal of the public.<br />
It will materially lighten the burden of the high price<br />
of coal. Don't make it necessary for the householder<br />
to think of his heating apparatus. Make<br />
inspections yourself wherever possible. Preach clean<br />
overhauled boilers for heating officiency in your ads.<br />
Keep talking it to your customers. Prove^ to them<br />
how it will affect their pocketbooks and comfort.<br />
Effort spent in this direction will produce gratifying<br />
results for all. Thus discharging your duty you will<br />
have a stronger hold on both your friends and your<br />
neighbors.<br />
National Regulations<br />
There has been ample vindication of the judgment of<br />
those who favored a state plumbing department and a<br />
state inspector of plumbing, notwithstanding that but<br />
20 years ago few people believed there would be anv<br />
benefit in it and many were strongly opposed to the<br />
experiment. For some years there has heen a movement<br />
toward a national plumbing code and there are<br />
yet in the ranks of practical sanitarians many who have<br />
an idea that it is a fool notion and that a national code<br />
could not apply all over as conditions in different places<br />
would vary so much that the adaptibility would be impossible.<br />
But as the state department has vindicated<br />
itself so there is a certainty in the opinion of some that<br />
a national code, a national department and a nationalization<br />
of the methods of installing sanitary systems<br />
would be as practicable. It may be that those who are<br />
working for it show better judgment in their attempt<br />
STEAM FITTER December 3, 1920<br />
COMMENT<br />
to secure it than those who are opposing it show in the<br />
narrow minded, selfish and sometimes mercenary ideas<br />
back of their opposition to such a movement or accomplishment.<br />
There is no question that many of the<br />
problems that come up periodically in different sections<br />
would never arise if the whole country were under the<br />
supervision and jurisdiction of a department in the Government<br />
similar to that which now exercises in a large<br />
measure a supervision over conditions of health.<br />
Re a Plugger<br />
The plugger is the fellow- who is not afraid to work<br />
for what he wants. To be sure, he wants to know the<br />
"why" of things. He is a thinker, therefore, analyzes<br />
his daily problems, so that he does not have to do unnecessary<br />
work. He is appreciative of his own ability<br />
and has a keen realization that his personal ability is<br />
unlimited, but never letting mere work stand in the<br />
way of any opportunity to broaden his vision. He<br />
looks and plans for the future. I'lug, do not be satisfied<br />
with, just merely skinning through or just getting by.<br />
That trait distinguishes the ordinary individual who<br />
never gets any where. He is uninteresting and a bore.<br />
He is in a rut, and the rut is the same as a grave,<br />
only it is not quite so deep. Be sure to keep out of<br />
the rut.<br />
Business Will Be Good, Plan for Your Share<br />
Now<br />
The Eastern Supply Association Bulletin for Xovember<br />
12, 1920, contains the information that during 1919,<br />
there were 300,000 more phonographs sold than bathtubs<br />
; about 400,000 more heating stoves and about<br />
240,000 more player pianos. Those figures signify that<br />
the manufacturers and dealers in phonographs, stoves<br />
and player-pianos displayed more selling pep than<br />
plumbers. While lhat is bad in one way, it is good in<br />
another. The phonograph, stove and piano fields are<br />
pretty well worked, the plumbing field is barely<br />
scratched. This is just another indication that the<br />
plumbing and heating industry business will soon enter<br />
a long spell of busy activity. Xow is the time to start<br />
getting your share of this business. Locate the thi;igs<br />
which you can sell the public, learn the important facts<br />
about them, their use and maintenance. Post your<br />
prospect on them. Get the information about your<br />
hue of goods to the prospects while they are still making<br />
up their minds what they want. That is a sure method<br />
of getting your share of this business.
December 3, 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER 539<br />
Information Exchange for Readers' Problems<br />
Ask your fellow readers through these columns for their<br />
help on your problems—Help them in turn on theirs<br />
Imperfect Range Conditions<br />
From F. N. P., New York.—I was called to the<br />
house of a customer of another shop recently to<br />
see what was the trouble with the kitchen boiler.<br />
I found things so out of the ordinary that I think<br />
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it would be well to tell about it, so that some of<br />
your young readers vvill not fall into the same error.<br />
The man who did the work had three tries at it<br />
and then did not give satisfaction. The first attempt<br />
at piping the job, as shown in Fig. 1, was<br />
done by dropping both pipes underneath the beam<br />
line, and extending over and then up to boiler as<br />
shown. When the fire was started there was a<br />
great noise, but no circulation, and besides I hate<br />
to think what would have happened to the vvater-<br />
ID<br />
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C EILAR<br />
WW<br />
FIG. 1 SHOWING HOW JOB WAS PIPED IN THE FIRST<br />
PEACE<br />
-is'-o -.<br />
FIG. 2 FINAL ARRANGEMENT OF PIPING SYSTEM<br />
beak if a cellar window had broken, and the two<br />
pipes had frozen, which could easily have happened<br />
in our climate, where it is not uncommon to<br />
have the thermometer drop to 30 below zero. After<br />
a day or two the man was called back and the<br />
hot water pipe was changed so as to go into the<br />
top of boiler as shown in Fig. 2. This did not help<br />
matters any, because the water could not go above<br />
the dotted lines E-E, as there was no place for the<br />
air to escape. Therefore when the fire was lighted,<br />
the noise again notified the owners that all was not<br />
well.<br />
The lady stood this for another day, and the man<br />
was called again. This time he helped matters<br />
some by putting an air cock at the top point A.<br />
The people got along with this arrangement for a<br />
few days, but every little vvhile that lady had to<br />
stand up on a chair, open the cock and let out the<br />
air, so they got tired of that and called the writer.<br />
After hearing the above story, I made the following<br />
changes: Cut out the elbow at B, put a<br />
45 deg. elbow at C, and connected dotted line C-C,<br />
plugged the Tee D and took hot water to fixtures<br />
from the top of the tee at A, doing away with the<br />
air cock, as any air that accumulates in the pipes<br />
from C to A will be drawn off by any or all of the<br />
hot-water fixtures.<br />
This change was made, and so far as I know the<br />
people are living happy ever after.<br />
Sink Waste Trouble<br />
From N. P., New York—The sink waste trouble of<br />
"A. T.," Pa., issue of October 8, may be caused by the<br />
pipe being air bound, this in turn being caused either<br />
by the cesspool not being properly ventilated or the<br />
cesspool being so full as to cover the end of pipe that<br />
discharges into it.<br />
The practice in this section is to vent all cesspools<br />
with 4-in. soil pipe, covering it with a vent cap made<br />
specially for the purpose. These caps are put on with<br />
stove bolts and can be removed for the purpose of testing<br />
the pool.<br />
If "A. T." opens up the pool he will probably find that<br />
it has overflown the end of drain pipe and that is the<br />
cause of his trouble.<br />
Coppt >er Lining Gives Out<br />
From C. T. J., New York- For the information of<br />
"A. X.," South Dakota, issue of October 22. who had<br />
the copper lining of one of his tanks go bad, will give<br />
him a little experience I had. I put in a tank and lined<br />
it with copper. It was heavy too, 16 oz., and tinned on<br />
one side. It started to leak in about 17 months. I<br />
found that the copper for a foot around the outlet was<br />
full of pin holes. I had put in the outlet with a lock<br />
nut on the outside and a rubber washer, iron washer, a<br />
packing and lock on the inside. That made me figure
540 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 3, 1920<br />
it was the rubber that had started the copper going bad.<br />
So I cut the patch out and put in a new piece of<br />
copper and made a paper and shellac joint under the<br />
iron washer with packing on top of it under the lock<br />
nut. Everything then was slick for another year and<br />
the bottom started going all over. After fixing it a<br />
few more times, I had to take it out. Then as I was<br />
not sure just what was wrong with it, I painted the<br />
wood on the tank boiler with two coats of black asphaltum<br />
and made it good and thick, then put a new<br />
lining in the bottom of the tank and insulated the electric<br />
tank control with thick sheet rubber, and made the<br />
telephone man ground his wire on the outside of drilling,<br />
where it did not touch my pipes. There was not<br />
any more to do about the job, and it has been in there<br />
for 7 years since. I always thought it was the telephone<br />
ground or the control wire that started the elecrolitis<br />
the second time, although it might have been that giving<br />
me the trouble from the start. Anyhow, that is the<br />
way I got out of that fix, and I am sure it wdll help<br />
'A. X."<br />
Troubles Experienced with Pump<br />
From J. P., N. Y.—Replying to "G. R.," Ge<strong>org</strong>ia,<br />
October 22 issue, I would say that the troubles, as outlined<br />
in his letter, with the centrifugal pump delivering<br />
250 g. p. m. against the total pressure of 250 lb. per<br />
square inch, would require a 75 h. p. motor, instead<br />
of a 35 h. p. motor, as said pump will only show approximately<br />
50 per cent efficiency. When it is run<br />
with the discharge valve closed, it requires generally<br />
from about 25 to 40 per cent of the power when it is<br />
delivering its greatest capacity against its greatest head.<br />
In this particular instance 40 per cent of the 75 h. p.<br />
motor, as stated above would be required, is 30 h. p.,<br />
and this is within the rating of the 35 h. p. motor that is<br />
being used.<br />
All two-stage pumps are furnished with thrust bearings<br />
to take care of the end thrust, and no doubt the<br />
reason for the trouble being experienced with the one<br />
now used is due to the bearings being too small and<br />
not heavy enough to carry the thrust which is developed.<br />
1 trust this information will be of service in assisting<br />
"G. R." to overcome his difficulties.<br />
Add to Information on Boiler Covering<br />
From W. A. C, San Francisco. In the issue of<br />
August 27 we find the inquiry from "A. R.," who had<br />
trouble with covering put on with flour paste. Mice<br />
and rats will not go after this paste if it is doctored so<br />
that they do not like it. Following is a receipt which I<br />
have used for 15 years demonstrating that mice and<br />
rats will not eat it:<br />
Take a heaping tablespoon of concentrated lye and<br />
completely dissolve it in water. Take 1 pt. of flour and<br />
mix it in a separate container to the consistency of ordinary<br />
cream; then pour in the lye water and stir vigorously<br />
and constantly. As the mixture thickens add more<br />
water, stirring all the time. In about 10 minutes, after<br />
it is thoroughly cooked, add more water until you have<br />
the proper thickness for paste. It is very good and<br />
the mice will not bother it.<br />
Wants to Prevent Nickel Tarnishing<br />
From N. C, N. Y.—For the information of "R.<br />
T. J.," Michigan, in the issue of October 22, who<br />
wants to know how to keep nickle from tarnishing,<br />
would say that in the fall when we turn off the<br />
water, and after everything has been thoroughly<br />
cleaned, vve apply a good coat of vaseline. In the<br />
absence of vaseline vve use a heavy motor grease<br />
which seems to answer the same purpose. When<br />
the men go back to turn on water in the spring, I<br />
have them take kerosene and clean off the nickle<br />
plated pipes and faucets, and in that way the nickle<br />
is kept as good as when first installed. If "R. T.<br />
j." does this I think the troubles which he has been<br />
experiencing will be ended..<br />
The Studimeter<br />
What solution of the wash day problem can the<br />
plumber offer to the housewife? 503.<br />
From whom can the plumber secure information to<br />
assist him in the sale of power driven washing machines?<br />
504.<br />
What is the big show referred to in which all plumbers<br />
should be greatly interested? 505.<br />
Why and how should the plumber use this show to<br />
the best advantage, and what are the benefits to be derived<br />
? 506.<br />
What effect has lubricant on the time per cut and<br />
on the life of a hack saw? 507.<br />
What is a dehumidifier and how does it operate?<br />
508.<br />
Of what does the air conditioning apparatus used in<br />
the modern factory described consist ? 508.<br />
What particular instance of subordinating cost to<br />
service could be followed with advantage by the heating<br />
industry? 509.<br />
Why is it essential for the plumber to command a<br />
great respect for the industry in which he is engaged?<br />
510.<br />
How was the unusual pipe welding problem solved by<br />
ox-weld engineers ? 510.<br />
How can the plumber do a great deal to help keep<br />
the boys on the farm? 511.<br />
What advantages may be gained by the plumber<br />
through the use of a motor truck? 512.<br />
In selecting a motor truck what features are important<br />
and what interesting information is given on the<br />
operating costs? 513.<br />
Wisconsin <strong>Plumber</strong>s Convention in<br />
Milwaukee<br />
The Wisconsin Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association has<br />
decided to hold the twenty-seventh annual convention at<br />
the Hotel Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis., January 18 to<br />
20, 1921.<br />
Preparations for a very interesting program are now<br />
being made.
December 3, 1920<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Chimneys Discussed at N. Y. Chapter Meeting<br />
Details and Effect of Chimneys in Efficiency<br />
of Boilers Indicate Need of Research Work<br />
Approximately 100 attended the meeting of the Xew<br />
York Chapter of the American Society of Heating and<br />
Ventilating Engineers on Monday night, "Xovember 1 5<br />
The directors and the secretary of the Heating and<br />
Piping Contractors Xational Association who were in<br />
conference in the city, attended the meeting in a body.<br />
President Fleisher announced that due to the death of<br />
Prof. John R. Allen, Vice-President Champlain Riley of<br />
the society and Mr. Holland, of the<br />
T u n n e 1 Ventilation Committee,<br />
asked the postponing of the discussion<br />
on the ventilation of the vehicular<br />
tunnel until the meeting of<br />
December 13. The meeting was<br />
then turned over to Past-President<br />
Walter S. Timmis, who stated that<br />
President Allen had surprised those<br />
who knew him best in the comprehensive<br />
<strong>org</strong>anization work which<br />
he had prepared, so that the Research<br />
Bureau would carry on and<br />
particularly as he had secured as<br />
his assistant, L. A. Scipio, dean of<br />
Robert College, Constantinople,<br />
WALTER S.<br />
TIMMIS<br />
who is now in the United States.<br />
He introduced Ira H. Woolson.<br />
consulting engineer of the Xational<br />
Board of Fire Underwriters who<br />
spoke on the large fire loss from preventable fire,<br />
amounting to 25 per cent of the total $12,000,000 annual<br />
loss on an average since 1916, although the rate<br />
has shown some decrease. He said 60 per cent of this<br />
$3,000,000 loss is in dwellings and there are many lives<br />
lost as well as the dwellings, and pointed out that there<br />
is need for something better in chimneys.<br />
MODERN CONSTRUCTION OF SMOKESTACKS<br />
William E. Golsworth of the Dover Boiler Works,<br />
Dover, X. J., then spoke of the modern construction of<br />
steel smokestaks, stating that there i sno occasion to<br />
guy them when they are built with a height less than<br />
25 times their diameter and that the steel from which<br />
the chimneys are constructed should be connected by<br />
the upper section telescoping into the lower section to<br />
cause any condensation to drop down inside the chimney<br />
and avoid streaking the outside.<br />
He also pointed out that this left no shoulder on the<br />
inside, where soot would collect, forming a mild sulphuric<br />
acid and stimulating corrosion. Also that it is<br />
necessary to provide for the expansion of about 1 in.<br />
to the 100 ft. in height, per 100 deg. increase in tem-perature<br />
and that no guy wires are required for a<br />
chimney extending even 100 ft. above the roof and often<br />
when the guy rods are attached to the masonr the expansion<br />
will cause the guy rods to wreck the masonry,<br />
and that round stacks are most desirable.<br />
To those who were interested in the theory he referred<br />
to chapter 7 in the book "Mechanical Equipment<br />
of Buildings," by Professors Harding and Willard.<br />
W. H. Leggo, of M. W. Kellogg Co., then Spoke of<br />
radial brick constructed chimneys and showed lantern<br />
slides.<br />
541<br />
P. J. Dougherty, engineer of the International Heater<br />
Co., spoke of the loss in death, money, fuel and comfort,<br />
due to faulty chimneys, in which draft is required<br />
to produce heat. Two grand achievements of the society,<br />
he said, were the boiler code and its research work<br />
and if it could secure the adoption of the chimney ordinance<br />
now receiving attention it would comprise a third<br />
grand work. He pointed out the loss from chimneys<br />
results in less comfort, unnecessary fuel consumption,<br />
waste in property and in life and a great loss to heating<br />
contractors where faulty chimneys interfere with the<br />
service of their installations. He stated that few know<br />
that draft is the flow of gas caused by a differential in<br />
pressure, increase in temperature and height, that there<br />
is no suction but rather a driving force of the heavy cold<br />
air to force the lighter air upward. The causes of draft<br />
trouble he enumerated as follows: Air leakage, which<br />
decreases the temperature of the gases, reduces the intensity<br />
and breaks the vacuum; obstructions which decrease<br />
volume; lack of height, with the consequent decrease<br />
in intensity ; lack of area and consequently lack<br />
of volume power; heat loss due to faulty construction;<br />
down draft due to other ventilators or opportunity for<br />
air movement in the same room; windows and cellar<br />
doors on the lee side of the building which allow the<br />
air to escape from the room instead of enabling the air<br />
to exert a pressure on the fire and create a draft.<br />
Where two boilers are connected with the same flue,<br />
he stated, it is a good idea to control the draft entirely<br />
with dampers and cut out all check drafts which let air<br />
enter. The cleanout at the base of the chimney often<br />
makes trouble.<br />
WHEN LEAKY FLUES RESULT<br />
Tile construction he pointed out, is excellent wh<br />
perfect hut when the bricklayer lays up the brick work<br />
carelessly and does not sufficiently imbed the bricks in<br />
mortar, particularly in the vertical joints and then sets<br />
the tile linings into the flue from the top, a leaky flue<br />
is likely to result.<br />
He spoke of cases when a cellar might be so airtight<br />
that there was not sufficient air to feed the draft and it<br />
is often necessary to provide some entrance for air into<br />
the boiler room.<br />
He stated that clinkers form in a vacuum at a temperature<br />
as low as 900 deg. and it is necessary for some<br />
air to pass through into the ashpit at all times to prevent<br />
such a condition. He spoke of the evil of reducing<br />
smokepipe abruptly and when it i.s necessary to<br />
reduce from 16 in. to 12 in. in diameter it should be<br />
done with a long taper joint. The late Dean Allen had<br />
'said that there is no research work on house chimneys<br />
to establish facts in relation to them. He was of the<br />
opinion that the 4-in. wall often so chilled the products<br />
of production as to reduce the efficiency of a chimney<br />
of sufficient area and was in favor of thicker chimney<br />
walls.<br />
W. H. Driscoll because of the lateness of the hour<br />
shortened his remarks but stated as his opinion that<br />
chimneys are often larger in capacity than is required<br />
because the true facts about chimneys and chimnev behavior<br />
is not generally known.
542 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 3, .1920<br />
Our State Associations<br />
proval of the public and the confidence of our lawmaking<br />
bodies. There can be no question of the use<br />
Their I'art in the Education of a Master Plumbei fulness of these bodies. They have been a large factor<br />
in the course of advanced sanitation and the pioneers<br />
By D. F. DURKIN, JR.*<br />
in the use of appliances that have added to the health<br />
and comfort of the people.<br />
A short time ago through the courtesy of the trade They have had an important part in disseminating to<br />
press we explained to our readers how the Xational their members useful knowledge that has changed many<br />
Association in order to at all times keep in close touch of them from mechanics to successful business men<br />
with its members divided its activities into state and and useful members of society. It is an acknowledged<br />
local associations each having special work to do and fact that while healthy competition is best for a com<br />
each playing an important part in the education of the munity, poor business practices and failures caused by<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>.<br />
a lack of business knowledge help no one but harm<br />
\\ e devoted our former article to a description of many. Our mission is to help healthy competition and<br />
the local associations and their work of teaching the prevent failures and we have often wondered why any<br />
first principles of trade co-operation and training men master plumber who is interested in his work can<br />
to seek knowledge that their industry might progress neglect the opportunities offered by membership in our<br />
both for the benefit of the public and themselves. state associations.<br />
It shall be our purpose in this article to describe an May we hope that this article will clear away any<br />
other important feature of the Xational work known as misapprehension existing in the minds of our non-mem<br />
the state associations and their relations to the local bers as to our real purpose and that they will accept it<br />
associations and the Xational body.<br />
as an invitation to join our ranks and aid us in our<br />
As the title would imply these associations are work.<br />
located in each of the states and are made up from delegates<br />
of the locals and individual members located in<br />
such parts of the state where no locals exist. They<br />
elect their own officers and committees, make their own<br />
rules, hold their own conventions, collect the Xational<br />
Hard Spots Made Easy<br />
per capita tax and elect special delegates to the Xa It invariably happens that when a plumber or fitter<br />
tional meeting. The)- are subject to the Xational and has to drill a hole at a particularly difficult spot the<br />
their work in order to be effective must have the Xa casting or metal at that point is tougher than at any<br />
tional .approval.<br />
other place. The little portable electric drill illustrated,<br />
As the work of the local is to gather together the manufactured by the Cincinnati Electrical Tool Co.,<br />
master plumbers of a city and by frequent meetings Cincinnati, Ohio, makes those spots look easy. They<br />
teach the first principles of trade education and the can be approached with a smile. In fact, the boss<br />
elimination of wasteful practices, so the functions of a plumber or fitter can wear a broad one, as he knows<br />
state association are through the influence of the local when his men eo up against these difficult holes equipped<br />
delegates who form its body and who have had their<br />
training in the local bodies. These send the'r message<br />
of higher trade education back to the locals and thus<br />
carry on work of sanitary advancement for which the<br />
Xational has worked during the many and useful years<br />
of its existence.<br />
with an electric drill those holes are going to be drilled<br />
There has been a disposition on the part of some<br />
who have little or no knowledge of our purpose to assume<br />
that we created these separate branches of our<br />
association to promote, behind closed doors, schemes<br />
that would not stand the light of public investigation<br />
and that were against the laws of our country.<br />
And while it is true that in former years our local<br />
and state branches did hold some of their executive<br />
sessions behind closed doors, believing that the discussion<br />
of their trade problems was of a private nature,<br />
there was ro other thought in the minds of their officers<br />
but the help that might be given to their members without<br />
intentionally endeavoring to disregard any public<br />
rights or violate any law. The impression of distrust<br />
did, however, prevail and the Xational body has wisely<br />
decreed during the last few years that all of its own<br />
work and that of its branches shall be transacted in<br />
open session and has prohibited any session of an<br />
executive nature. It has further prohibited any agreements<br />
or business practices that might tend to create<br />
a monopoly or restrain trade. It is difficult at times<br />
to preserve this policy where such a large number of<br />
men are interested but we feel safe in our assertion<br />
that there is an honest intention on the part of our<br />
members to so conduct their work as to merit the ap<br />
*Piesident of National Association of Master Plumhers of the Ui<br />
States, Inc.<br />
ited<br />
PORTABL IC DRILL MADE BY CINCINNATI ELECTRIC<br />
TOOL CO.<br />
promp perspiring or cussing by the workman.<br />
Xo lo n priced labor for the boss to stand. The<br />
meek .iles because the little drill makes life<br />
easie m. The boss plumber or fitter smiles becau<br />
t.e drill pays its own way and leaves a big<br />
ma gain that fits nicely into his pocket.<br />
s and fitters in every community where electa<br />
• nt is to be had will make a highly profitable<br />
i at by equipping their shops with one or more<br />
electric drills. They can be had for either<br />
iating or direct current and of capacities as de-<br />
(Interesting and complete information can be<br />
hy addressing the company and requesting its<br />
December 3, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 543<br />
Big Reduction in Prices of Duro Water Systems<br />
The Burnett-Larsh Manufacturing Co., manufacturer<br />
of Duro automatic electric pumps and water systems,<br />
announces a reduction in the price of Duro pumps and<br />
water systems to take effect immediately.<br />
The company makes this reduction at the "present<br />
time in anticipation of reduced prices on materials,<br />
which enter into the make-up of the Duro systems,<br />
in the near future; also, because they feel that it will<br />
have a beneficent effect on the industry. Many people<br />
have been waiting for prices to go down, and now is<br />
the opportunity for plumbing contractors to go after<br />
business. The public can be assured that there is no<br />
further reduction in sight.<br />
A New High Class Valve<br />
To overcome trouble incident to leaking gas valves,<br />
the Aws Manufacturing Co., 398 Harmon street, Brooklyn,<br />
X. Y., has perfected and is ready to supply to the<br />
trade the gas valve illustrated. This is very high class<br />
ground key work, with at least % in. of metal in barrel<br />
surrounding key, eliminating any stretching at that part<br />
of valve.<br />
The key functions as in an ordinary valve, although<br />
a new departure is made, by casting the lug an integral<br />
part of tbe washer, as shown in illustration. This lug<br />
is completely housed inside the barrel of the valve and is<br />
sufficiently heavy to withstand rough usage.<br />
The housing materially adds strength to the barrel of<br />
valve at a point where it is much needed. It is nicely<br />
The S. Wilks Manufacturing Co., 3517-3539 Shields<br />
avenue, Chicago, 111., has for distribution bulletins describing<br />
the Wilks water heater and garbage burner.<br />
These heaters are made of heavy steel boiler plate,<br />
carefully riveted and braced and tested to 100 lb. hydrostatic<br />
pressure, therefore suitable for a pressure not<br />
to exceed 65 lb. If required for a greater pressure<br />
than this, a heater made of extra heavy material can<br />
be supplied by the S. Wilks Manufacturing Co.<br />
The garbage grate of the heater is made of very<br />
best boiler tubing which is securely fastened by being<br />
expanded into openings in the inner shell, thus forming<br />
a part of the heating surface. There is a constant<br />
circulation of water through the tubes which greatly<br />
increase the efficiency of the heater and prevents the<br />
tubes from being injured by the heat. The base is furnished<br />
with sectional rocking boiler grate and the garbage<br />
chamber is wide and deep and equipped with large<br />
and convenient doors.<br />
The bulletin also describes the Wilks water heater<br />
with self feeding funnel. These can be had in capacities<br />
from 130 to 1,400 gal. per hour. The Wilks water<br />
heater and garbage burner can be had in capacities of<br />
from 500 to 1,500 gal. per hour. Full information<br />
as to price, sizes, etc., can be had by addressing the<br />
manufacturer at the above address.<br />
News From Florida<br />
Ten bungalows at $8,000 each will be built at on<br />
in West Palm Beach. For the first three days in Xovember<br />
permits amounted to $20,000. Forty thousand<br />
bond issue carried, to build school also.<br />
In St. Petersburg five bungalows costing over $25,-<br />
000 have just started to be built. The tented city will<br />
have plumbing equipment for convenience of the incoming<br />
campers, wdiile Architect Carr is making plans<br />
for building in that city amounting to $90,000 in aoartment<br />
houses. The first week in Xovember $68,000 in<br />
permits for buildings were issued.<br />
The October record of the city of Jacksonville in<br />
building permits is $352,000.<br />
Orlanda had issued to October 23, permits for new<br />
buildings amounting to $138,000.<br />
Larger Organization to Push Ever-Hot<br />
Soldering Tool Sales<br />
The Products Corporation, 1526 Tribune building,<br />
Chicago, 111., is the form of a consolidation of the firms<br />
of Belfry & Craighead, sales agents and the Peterson-<br />
Plummer Manufacturing Co., manufacturers of the<br />
Ever-Hot soldering tool. The same personnel will be<br />
active in the new company which has been incorporated<br />
for $175,000. The officers are president, Walter Craighead<br />
; vice-president and general manager, C. F. Plummer;<br />
secretary-treasurer, A. J. Belfry. The steadily<br />
increasing demand for the Ever-Hot is being met with<br />
an expansion of manufacturing facilities in the company's<br />
plant at Maywood, 111.<br />
Service Rendered by D. D. Duffield<br />
finished, presents a neat appearance and is made of good<br />
The service D. D. Duffield has rendered the Detro<br />
metal, a high class article throughout. Circulars and<br />
Range Boiler & Steel Barrel Corporation, Detroit,<br />
Mich., is the feature article in the Xovember number<br />
prices can be had for the asking.<br />
of The Perfect Star. Mr. Duffield, after graduating<br />
from PTarvard, read and practiced law, served during<br />
An All Steel Water Heater and Garbage Burner tbe Spanish-American war and has been active in civic<br />
affairs in Detroit. He has been active in athletics and<br />
still continues to act as rowing coach for the Detroit<br />
Boat Club team. This diversity of interests keeps Mr.<br />
Duffield alive to the necessities and opportunities of the<br />
field in which he is now engaged.<br />
Preparing Summer Homes for Winter<br />
Occupancy<br />
Owing to a shortage of homes in and around Boston,<br />
many residents who have been occupying cottages at<br />
the seashore during the warm weather are fortifying<br />
them for winter occupancy. As most of these cottages<br />
were built without heating apparatus, heating<br />
contractors in Boston and vicinity are receiving many
544 P L U M B E R A N D STEAM FITTER December 3. 1920<br />
rush orders for various equipment and all kinds of<br />
portable heaters.<br />
One type of heater which is being developed<br />
as a result is of semi-portable design with heating<br />
pipes from the kitchen range or boiler carrying<br />
the hot water to radiators in other parts of the<br />
house. Most of the beach resorts are without a supply<br />
of gas so that the fuel used is electricity, coal or oil.<br />
Local heating contractors declare that as a result of<br />
the great demand and the many experiments being<br />
tried, it is probable that an entirely new type of house<br />
heating, of inexpensive design, may result from the<br />
work now being done.<br />
Company Organized to Push Self-Scouring<br />
Trap<br />
Announcement is made of the <strong>org</strong>anization of the A. J.<br />
Illustrated is the type Xo. 3 Haas Flush Valve, manu<br />
Rudolph Co. in Philadelphia for the handling of its<br />
factured by the Philip Haas Co., Dayton, Ohio. As<br />
own plumbing specialties, particularly the A. J. Rudolph<br />
will be seen by the illustration the front area of the<br />
non-siphonic, self-scouring trap and the new Rudolph<br />
diaphragm is greater than the area of the inlet side in<br />
metal-to-metal connection between plumbing fixtures<br />
such proportion that when subjected to pressure, the<br />
and drain pipe.<br />
valve will positively close. The water from the inlet<br />
Alfred J. Rudolph, the inventor of the specialties, is<br />
president of the company. He has gathered around<br />
him as associates a number of men actively identified<br />
with the trade.<br />
The headquarters of the new firm are at 1421 Xorth<br />
Twentieth street, Philadelphia, and the factory is at<br />
139 Xorth Third street.<br />
The Rudolph trap is slightly known in many cities,<br />
but until now no <strong>org</strong>anized sales effort has been put<br />
behind it. The firm plans to carry on a persistent advertising<br />
campaign after the first of the year, to acquaint<br />
the trade with the advantages of a self-scouring<br />
trap. Full announcement of the company's plans will<br />
shortly be made.<br />
Specifications for Water Cocks and Pipe<br />
Fittings in Venezuela<br />
The following information relative to legal supervision<br />
in Venezuela of water cocks and general pipe<br />
fittings may be of interest to American exporters and<br />
manufacturers, according to Trade Commissioner P. L.<br />
Bell, Caracas. The Ministry of Public Works in Caracas<br />
and business men who know thoroughly conditions<br />
in the plumbing business outside of Caracas state<br />
that there is no legal supervision of this nature either<br />
here in the capital or in other parts of the country.<br />
All water and steam fittings are standard and are<br />
usually specified by the engineers in charge of the<br />
work for which these are needed. By "standard" is<br />
meant fittings as furnished by certain American companies<br />
making products of high quality. The Government,<br />
either Xational, State, or municipal, has no<br />
machinery for such supervision; work is spasmodic<br />
and according to the need of the moment, and full<br />
reliance is placed on the engineer in charge.<br />
In Caracas and all other municipalities of Venezuela<br />
the standard size for water cocks is y in. Other sizes<br />
used run from % to 2 in., as follows: %, y2, y, 1,<br />
iy, Wp and 2 in.<br />
Xothing over 2 in. is ever used except on special d<br />
orders, and these are very few and small in volume.<br />
Stores handling fittings carry the major portion of<br />
their pipe fittings in %-in. sizes. What the customers<br />
of these stores usually want is lightest weight, cheapest<br />
cock and valve obtainable.<br />
Credit terms allowed are 60 to 90 days date, New<br />
York.<br />
The petroleum companies operating in the Maracaibo<br />
region buy their supplies and fittings in the<br />
United States.<br />
The .Caracas aqueduct is being repaired and extended,<br />
houses remodeled under the new sanitary<br />
specifications, etc., and equipments are needed to furnish<br />
domestic and washing water to, say, 50,000 people<br />
in Caracas alone. However, the poorer class of<br />
houses—about 75 per cent of the total number—can<br />
afford only one water cock in each house. The installation<br />
of modern toilets is compulsory under the<br />
new sanitary rules, as also the use of covered piping<br />
to the main drains (sewers).<br />
The Haas Flush Valve<br />
TYPE NO. 3 HAAS ELUSH VALVE<br />
passes from back to front of the diaphragm through<br />
an opening or by-pass around the guide pin, filling front<br />
chamber with w-ater under the same pressure as water<br />
at the inlet, thereby closing the valve. When the button<br />
is pushed the pressure in the front chamber is<br />
relieved by passing of water through the escape port<br />
to bowl, permitting the inlet pressure to raise diaphragm<br />
from seat thereby allowing a full and unobstructed flush<br />
direct to bowl. The by-pass between diaphragm and<br />
guide pin is kept clean by the movement of the diaphragm<br />
backward and forward over the stem which<br />
prevents the accumulation of sediment or other substance<br />
and this feature is of utmost importance.<br />
Complete descriptive matter of the closets as fitted<br />
with the Haas valve and manufactured by this company<br />
can be had by addressing the manufacturer at Dayton.<br />
Williams "Vulcan" Pipe-Vise Mount<br />
i, As will be seen by the illustration of the mount set<br />
f up the "Vulcan"' pipe vise uses three of the base arms<br />
s bolted to the "Vulcan" pipe vise and has the legs exi-<br />
tended with y-'m. couplings and %-in. pipe. For<br />
transporting this mount from place to place, it is only
December 3. 1920 P L U M B E R A N D STEAM FITTER<br />
necessary to loosen two nuts, releasing those two legs<br />
and allowing them to swing around with the other as<br />
shown by illustration.<br />
This serviceable combination of Superior drop f<strong>org</strong>ing<br />
and standard pipe for legs provides for an obviously<br />
great need. It makes a firm and easily portable<br />
pipe mountaand one which for field work and jobbing<br />
particularly commends itself to all plumbing and heating<br />
contractors.<br />
The old days are past when the plumber arrived<br />
on the scene of action with an old broken down vise<br />
and then had to hunt up some nails, often times going<br />
to the owner to secure his help in the hunt. The nails<br />
r<br />
WILLIAMS VULCAN PIPE VISE MOUNT<br />
an accomplished fact, then the next hunt was for<br />
a board or plank or some place where the rickety old<br />
vise could be nailed. Often, oh how often, at about<br />
the first or second thread the entire thing pulled down.<br />
While that meant a consequent loss of time, there was<br />
a greater loss—the loss of prestige and the disrepute<br />
which such practice caused.<br />
The modern plumber or steam fitter getting on the<br />
job with a modern pipe-vise mount gets away to a quick<br />
start. It makes an impression with the customer that<br />
he knows his business and is equipped to do business.<br />
That is a big asset and goes a long way towards making<br />
a favorable reputation. At the same time it enables<br />
the journeyman to save the cost of the pipe-vise mount<br />
in a very few days, after which the investment pays a<br />
handsome profit. Full information relative to these<br />
mounts can be had by addressing the J. H. Williams<br />
Co. of Brooklyn, X. Y.<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Carkeck Makes Eastern Connection<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e Carkeck, former manager of the heating department<br />
of the A. Y. McDonald Manufacturing Co.,<br />
Dubuque, Iowa, has joined his brother, H. T. Carkeck,<br />
Philadelphia, Pa. They will act as sales distributors<br />
in Eastern Pennsylvania for Clovis gas steam radiators,<br />
made by J. B. Clow and Sons Co., Chicago, 111.<br />
New Firms and Plant Extensions<br />
The H. Mueller Mfg. Co., Decatur, 111., manufacturer<br />
of brass goods for gas, water and plumbiug<br />
use, is taking bids for the erection of the superstructure<br />
of its one-story addition, 150x180 ft.<br />
Foundation work for the building is under way.<br />
The B-J <strong>Steam</strong> Gas Generator Co., Grand<br />
Rapids, Mich., has been incorporated with a capital<br />
of $50,000 by Conrad S. Johnson, John E. Best and<br />
M. J. Palities, to manufacture special generating<br />
machinery and parts.<br />
The Xarowetz Heating & Ventilating Co., 223<br />
West Lake street, Chicago, has purchased a site,<br />
545<br />
82x132 ft. at 1711-17 Park avenue, where work vvill<br />
start at once on a two-story factory and office<br />
building to cost $40,000.<br />
The Badger Meter Mfg. Co., 841 Thirtieth street,<br />
Milwaukee, has filed amendments to its corporate<br />
* ;L,.^X ncrease the authorized capitalization<br />
from $50,000 to $150,000. It manufactures water<br />
meters and is planning to enlarge the capacity of its<br />
factory, which was erected three years ago. J. J.<br />
Leach is president and treasurer.<br />
The American Blower Co., which recently purchased<br />
the foundry of the Lane & Bodley Co., Tennessee<br />
avenue, Cincinnati, vvill expend $100,000 in<br />
alterations and new equipment. It is expected that<br />
the plant will be in operation shortly after the first<br />
of the year and will employ 250 men.<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> Exhibits at State Fair<br />
Charles Belote was awarded the contract for the<br />
J. E. Wideman job, 959 Riverside avenue. Mr. Belote<br />
does an extensive electric lighting business, installing<br />
many pneumatic water systems in the country. Mr.<br />
Belote through his enterprising methods has arranged a<br />
splendid exhibit at the Florida State Fair now open in<br />
lacksonville.<br />
A Fixture That Will Bring You Prestige<br />
The Tuxedo straight front lavatory illustrated is of<br />
genuine Tepeco two-fired vitreous china with oval D<br />
type quick drain bowl with anti-splash rim lavatory,<br />
manufactured by the Trenton Potteries Co., Trenton,<br />
X. J. This fixture has the approved sanitary open<br />
overflow and the Tepeco patented integral china mixing<br />
chamber with single stream and single nozzle.<br />
The fixture is one which the plumber can take to<br />
his customer and talk quality, thus taking the job out<br />
of cut-throat competition and placing it on the plane<br />
of service and quality rendered. There are many<br />
TUXEDO STRAIGHT FRONT LAVATORY<br />
homes, with lavatories that are obsolete, in which th<br />
owners would replace the old lavatories with new, as<br />
the result of but a very little urging on the part of the<br />
plumber. • Those are the spots in which if the Tuxedo<br />
lavatories are placed prestige will accrue to the plumber<br />
installing them and eventually lead to more modern
546 P L U M B E R A N D<br />
fixtures being installed throughout the house. Effort<br />
expended along this line results in the accumulation of<br />
business and is the basis of building up a clientele from<br />
whom business can be had the year round. Descriptive<br />
matter relative to this line of fixture can be had by<br />
addressing the manufacturer.<br />
Archie E. Maddock Abroad<br />
Archie E. Maddock, of the Thomas Maddock's Sons<br />
Co., sanitary earthenware manufacturers, Trenton,<br />
X. J., has been visiting in England and on the Continent,<br />
making observations as to conditions which will<br />
affect manufacturers of sanitary fixtures.<br />
Mid Year Meeting of National Directors<br />
The Board of Directors of the Xational Association of<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s will hold their mid-year meeting at<br />
the Xational office, 108 South Twentieth street, Philadelphia,<br />
Pa., on Monday, December 6, 1920.<br />
St. Louis Heating Trade Quiet<br />
T. J. Sullivan, secretary of the Heating and Piping<br />
Contractors' Association, 708 Odd Fellows building,<br />
St. Louis, Mo., reports that business is quiet at present,<br />
repair work and alterations the principal work being<br />
done, with very little new work out for estimate.<br />
Business Crowding Chicago Pump Co's<br />
New Plant<br />
Increased business is already crowding the capacity of<br />
the Chicago Pump Co.'s new plant, located at 2334<br />
Wolfram st, Chicago. The company has additional<br />
ground space of 125 x 200 ft., on which to expand its<br />
present factory, which is one story, 125 x 165 ft., arranged<br />
for maximum efficiency in the manufacture and<br />
shipment of its line of condensation, bilge, house, circulating,<br />
air line and vacuum return pumps and sewage<br />
ejectors.<br />
The company has been in business since 1909. Its<br />
officers are President and general manager, M. I. Weil,<br />
Vice-president, A. C. Durdin, Jr.; Treasurer, Benjamin<br />
NEW PLANT OF CHICAGO PUMP CO.<br />
Weil; Secretary, X. H. Weil and sales manager, E. A.<br />
Ehrlich. It has agency connections in Montreal and<br />
Western Canada, and is prepared to make shipments to<br />
all points in United States or Canada.<br />
An Insertible Soil Pipe Joint<br />
The "Ideal" insertible soil pipe joint shown in the<br />
accompanying illustration and manufactured by the<br />
Sanitary Co. of America, Linfield, Pa., makes it easy<br />
STEAM FITTER Decembei 3, 1920<br />
to replace a broken length of soil pipe or defective fitting,<br />
also to insert a new fitting in an old line. Such<br />
work can be done without springing the stack or breaking<br />
the joints therein.<br />
The illustration on the left shows the fitting telescoped<br />
ready to be inserted in the stack and the illus-<br />
"IDEAL" INSERTIBLE SOIL PIPE<br />
tration on the right shows the fitting in its extended<br />
position ready to be caulked. It will be seen that when<br />
these fittings are in place and the joints thoroughly<br />
caulked that this part of the soil line is just as sanitary<br />
as any other and that it is a very simple matter to<br />
cut out the pieces and insert the fitting.<br />
The fitting can be furnished in any size or style<br />
where the specifications accompany the order. Full<br />
information can be had in regard to them by addressing<br />
the manufacturer at the above address.<br />
Cancellations<br />
The United States Chamber of Commerce has been'<br />
making investigations into the matter of cancellation of<br />
orders in the different industries, says Asbestos.<br />
To ascertain the true facts concerning cancellation,<br />
the Xational Chamber has sent out 106 questionnairesto<br />
the leading trade associations of the country in an<br />
effort to establish facts about the cause of the present<br />
cancellation evil.<br />
They ask each industry how it is being affected by<br />
cancellation, the reasons, what is being done therefor<br />
whether or not cancellations are accepted and under<br />
what conditions, and whether cancellation clauses areinserted<br />
in the order or contract.<br />
From the replies received it is revealed that both the<br />
seller and the buyer are at fault. The chief reasons for<br />
cancellation, as tabulated, are inability to make prompt<br />
delivery, amount of business declining, revision of the<br />
production schedule, while some replies indicate that<br />
the public hesitates to buy at present prices.<br />
The data accumulated showed that some <strong>org</strong>anizations<br />
had created a bureau of contracts to deal specifically<br />
with cancellation of orders. These bureaus act<br />
simply in an advisory capacity, investigating the facts.<br />
in the case and trying if possible to make an impartial<br />
settlement.<br />
Cancellations are not confined to this country, for reports<br />
from the Continent indicate that Europe is facing<br />
the same trade situation as are the States. Foreign<br />
firms are reported to have cancelled heavily during<br />
this period of readjustment.<br />
Some English Export Associations: Have recently de-
December 3, 1920 P L U M B E R A N D STEAM FITTER 547<br />
creed that no member should accept cancellations of<br />
orders without the consent of a committee on investigation.<br />
This means that a customer who declines to<br />
accept goods after having ordered them will not be<br />
permitted to purchase goods from any other member of<br />
the association until he has complied with his contract.<br />
While there is no disposition in the States to imitate<br />
these English methods, the belief is widely held that<br />
the time is opportune to so emphasize and so stabilize<br />
trade ethics as to make for fundamental stability in<br />
business.<br />
Satisfactory Sanitary Sewage Disposal<br />
The old time cesspool is rapidly giving way to the<br />
modern sewage disposal tank. These tanks not only<br />
dispose of sewage in a much more satisfactory manner<br />
but their original cost compares favorably with that of<br />
the ordinary cesspool dug under present conditions<br />
and their maintenance is considerably less than that of<br />
the cesspool.<br />
The tank illustrated is manufactured by the Sanatar<br />
Co., 301 Indiana avenue, Indianapolis, Ind. It is known<br />
as the Sanatar Portable Sewage Disposal Tank, made of<br />
individual reinforced concrete slabs fitting together with<br />
ingenious interlocking joints, water proofed to eliminate<br />
leakage or absorption. An installation for an average<br />
home, with a family of eight, is made up on sixteen<br />
of these pre-cast slabs weighing less than 75 lb. apiece.<br />
It can be set up by a man and helper in about one hour.<br />
The tanks are regularly made in seven sizes of<br />
•capacities to take care of the sewage from eight to 140<br />
people. The manufacturers have a corps of engineers<br />
SANATAR PORTABLE SEWAGE DISPOSAL TANK<br />
who will gladly assist any contractor with scientific<br />
or engineering data in solving his particular problem<br />
and in advising about the final disposal of the effluence<br />
after leaving the tank.<br />
A Portable Electric Thawing Outfit<br />
Of particular interest to plumbers is the new Wayne<br />
electric thawing outfit just developed and placed on the<br />
market by the General Electric Co., Schenectady, X. Y.<br />
This apparatus may be attached to a lamp socket and<br />
in a few minutes the water returns to its normal circulation.<br />
The device consists of a transformer, 10 ft.<br />
of cord for connection with the lighting circuit and<br />
secondary connection for attachment to the pipe. The<br />
transformer adiusts the lighting voltage to a point where<br />
the current will be drawn enough heat for thawing. It<br />
uses about as much current as is consumed in operating<br />
an electric flatiron.<br />
Its capacity is approximately 15 ft. of pipe at a time.<br />
In use it should be connected to the last section of pipe<br />
frozen, care being taken to have faucet open for relief<br />
of pressure to prevent splitting of pipe. The pipe is<br />
thus heated in sections of about 15 ft. each, until the<br />
flow of water begins. The length of time taken depends<br />
upon the length of the frozen section and the degree<br />
that it is frozen.<br />
The great advantage and worth of this device for<br />
plumbers is in its adaptability to thawing frozen pipes<br />
under floors and pipes concealed in walls, without the<br />
necessity of uncovering them. One job, therefore, will<br />
save enough time and material required for tearing up<br />
THE WAYNE PIPE THAWER<br />
anrl replacing floors and walls to pay for the machine.<br />
From this it will be seen that the device is a means<br />
of helping customers out of their difficulties in a manner<br />
which they cannot f<strong>org</strong>et. It is a prestige builder. It<br />
is a piece of equipment which every shop doing business<br />
in a climate where frozen pipes are the rule, can<br />
have with the assurance that it vvill return a handsome<br />
profit on the investment. The manufacturers vvill gladly<br />
furnish information as to prices, deliveries, etc., upon<br />
request.<br />
An Auto and Carriage Washer<br />
Illustrated is the Walworth auto and carriage washer<br />
manufactured by the Walworth Manufacturing Co.,<br />
Boston, Mass. As will be seen by the illustration which<br />
shows a sectional view of this washer, the base which<br />
'fastens to the ceiling is of cast iron and provided with<br />
four good sized holes allowing of the washer to be<br />
securely fastened in place. It will also be seen that<br />
the revolving portion of this hanger consists of the<br />
piece of brass pipe which drops down into the first<br />
elbow of the washer and that at the top of this piece<br />
of brass pipe is a collar which is supported by the<br />
brass hub shown in illustration.<br />
Provision for carrying all leverage strain which would<br />
be created at this point due to the weight of the horizontal<br />
portion of hanger plus the weight of hose andl<br />
strain incident to use a heavy supporting arm indicated<br />
in the illustration, is furnished. As will be seen this<br />
also is supported by the brass hub, which is adjustable<br />
to take up wear. 'The supporting arm extending out<br />
and engaging horizontal part of washer near the outlet
548<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
To secure a water tight joint at the stuffing box were<br />
shown the revolving part is made of red metal brass, preventing<br />
roughness at this point from corrosion By<br />
close examination of this washer it vvill be seen that no<br />
undue strain can be created on swivel portion of washer<br />
therefore the packed joint must remain in alignment<br />
WALWORTH AUTO AND CARRIAGE WASHER<br />
allowing of long and satisfactory wear without any sign<br />
of leaks. ' s<br />
When your customer or prospect talks something<br />
cheap these are the points which if brought to his mind<br />
will get you the order and will bring a good fair profit<br />
with it, thus taking you out of the class of cheap competitors.<br />
Wilson Runs—Delhagen Wears Shoes<br />
William Delhagen, Paterson, X. )., is wearing Wilson<br />
shoes, as the result of a bet he made on Wilson in the<br />
recent election. He bet that Samuel F. Wilson past<br />
secretary of the Xational Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s,<br />
who was running for sheriff's office in Essex county<br />
would be elected and Mr. Wilson secured a substantial<br />
majority. Hence, Mr. Delhagen will not have to go<br />
barefoot for some time at the expense of a boiler salesman,<br />
who did not realize the high esteem in which a real<br />
business man is held by the people in his community<br />
Mr. Wilson, it is stated, will appoint state treasurer<br />
of the association, Ge<strong>org</strong>e Werner, Orange X T his<br />
deputy sheriff. If you want to congratulate "Sam "<br />
476 Clinton avenue, Xewark, X T ew Jersey, is the ri°-lit<br />
address. ' s<br />
The Taco Water Heater<br />
Illustrated is a sectional view of the Taco water'<br />
heater manufactured by Thermo Appliance Co 125<br />
East Forty-sixth street, Xew York City. This heater<br />
is designed to be used with house heating boilers and<br />
consists of a cast iron outer section or jacket and brass<br />
tubes through which passes the water to be heated The<br />
return connection from storage tank is connected into<br />
the cold water as shown at the bottom and the circula<br />
tion or hot water outlet from the heater to the storage<br />
tank taken from the hot water outlet at the top of heater<br />
_ The connection of Taco water heater to house heating<br />
boilers is very simple and consists of connecting a<br />
flow or circulation pipe at the outlet marked circulation<br />
from the boiler and the return circulation pipe to the<br />
boiler connected to the Taco water heater at the point<br />
in the illustration marked circulation to boiler<br />
December 3, 1920<br />
When the fire is started in the house heating boiler<br />
and the water begins to circulate, it flows into the top<br />
of the Taco water heater and is cooled by the coil containing<br />
the water to be heated for storage tank being<br />
thus cooled and made heavier drops to the bottom of<br />
Taco heater and then through the return circulation<br />
pipe back to the liouse heating boiler. The free circulation<br />
is maintained through Taco water heater of the<br />
same temperature as the water in the house heating<br />
_a_JW_-E!UJj!L__<br />
HOT WATIR OUTLET-<br />
THE TACO WATER HEATER<br />
1CIBCUUTR5II<br />
IRCULATION<br />
TO BOItEg<br />
boiler and the water to be heated is immediately raised<br />
to that temperature.<br />
Complete information in regard to this heater can<br />
he had by addressing the Thermo Appliance Co.<br />
The Vacu Trap<br />
The Vacu trap shown is manufactured by Bishop &<br />
Babcock Co., Cleveland, Ohio. It is a type of the thermostatic<br />
return valve trap designed particularly for<br />
use on the return end of radiators, coils, Vento heaters,<br />
and drip points for the purpose of allowing air and<br />
condensation to pass freely through valve but preclude<br />
the passage of any steam.<br />
The use of these traps is absolutely necessary on<br />
systems where a vacuum pump is used to maintain the<br />
.ttZ" 1 ' ?, therwlse when-the pump was operated, the<br />
fnd w T ^ ntmUe ° n thr0u ^ h returns back to pump<br />
possible UP VaCUUm 3nd in fact make a vacuu im "<br />
As will be noted by the cut the trap consists of body<br />
and cover, the conical valve and the bronze spring and<br />
thermal member. Its action depends upon a volatile<br />
liquid which is contained inside of the thermal member
December 3, 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
The valve remains open when cool but the instant<br />
steam reaches the thermal member, the valve is automatically<br />
closed by the expansion of the volatile liquid<br />
contained in this member. It remains closed until such<br />
time as an accumulation of air or condensation cools<br />
the thermal member, causing it to contract which opens<br />
the valve and permits the air and condensation to pass<br />
into the return line. When the steam again reaches<br />
the thermal member, the valve is automatically closed<br />
again.<br />
This trap has a very large orifice in the seat and is<br />
therefore capable of handling large amounts of condensation<br />
and air. The ball joint and spring at the<br />
top prevent the thermal member from vibrating, causing<br />
a noise and insures a correct seating of the valve.<br />
PHOSPHOR BRONZE SPRINC<br />
preventsvibratcon of thermal member.<br />
. The Vacu-Trap is noiseless.<br />
n"H_RMAL*MEMBER-hsavy<br />
[tempered phosphor bronze, hand<br />
Spun, Contains volatile liquid.<br />
Vhlch expands and contracts<br />
'according to temperature, thus<br />
^losing and opening the valve;<br />
BRASS SEAT —with sharp edge<br />
prevents accumulation,-.??-•^irt.<br />
This seat is renewable.^<br />
THE VACU TRAP OF THE THERMOSTATIC RETURN VAEVE<br />
TYPE<br />
It will be seen by the illustration that all parts are<br />
easily accessible for cleaning or repairs by simply removing<br />
the cover.<br />
The trap is known as the low pressure type and is<br />
designed to be used where the steam pressure does<br />
not exceed 15 lb. Complete information relative to<br />
sizes, prices, and methods of installing can be had by<br />
addressing the company at the above address.<br />
Larger Quarters for Increased Production<br />
The Bailey Farrell Mfg. Co., Third avenue and Ross<br />
street, Pittsburgh, manufacturer of steam fittings, etc.,<br />
has acquired the two-story brick and steel building,<br />
120x212 ft., at South Twentieth and Sidney streets,<br />
Southside, for $275,000. The present works on Third<br />
avenue will be moved to the new location and facilities<br />
provided for increased production.<br />
Two New Incorporations<br />
Canada Heaters, Ltd., Toronto, Ont. has been incorporated<br />
with a capital stock of $100,000 by Robert E. L.<br />
Lott, 371 Roxton road; Leo J. Phelan, 72 Queen street<br />
West; John L. Cornes, and others, to manufacture<br />
stoves, ranges, boilers, hot water heaters, etc.<br />
The Cook Air Valve Co., Charlotte, N. C, has been<br />
incorporated, with $25,000 capital stock, by William J.<br />
Cnok Wilson M. Crosby and H. T. Maner.<br />
By JAMES J. LOUGHLIN<br />
BODY AND COVER<br />
of Vacu • Trap are<br />
heavy bronze castings,<br />
metal to metal<br />
joint. No gaskets,<br />
sed<br />
CONICAL VALVE-=JvfilclCSc|th<br />
half ball joint at top. always in.',<br />
sures positive seating, so steam<br />
cannot escape. Made of beststeanj,<br />
brass..<br />
Lost Labor Surplus*<br />
549<br />
One of the important questions of the day is: What<br />
has become of our labor reserve, the surplus of help in<br />
all lines upon whom vve could draw to take care of our<br />
greatest needs ? Even in banner years, when our maximum<br />
business was reached, we seemed to have sufficient<br />
labor to supply the demand.<br />
This held true in all lines of business: Arts. Crafts,<br />
Manufacturers, Transportation, Financial, Building<br />
Trades, Agriculture and all lines where skilled and un*<br />
skilled labor was employed.<br />
Now the reverse is the case, all lines complain of<br />
labor shortage and the plumbing<br />
profession is no exception.<br />
That there is a shortage of<br />
skilled plumbers is apparent<br />
throughout the nation, and even<br />
though building operations have<br />
been greatly curtailed by delayed<br />
deliveries, tightened money market,<br />
restrictions on loans and<br />
other factors, not enough plumbers<br />
could be found to handle the<br />
limited volume that did go ahead.<br />
Where have they gone? The<br />
curtailment of building operations<br />
during the war forced<br />
many to seek employment in<br />
essential lines, and the wages<br />
and working conditions were<br />
such as to win them away from<br />
their former trade. Many have<br />
never returned to it, and we<br />
must consider them lost forever<br />
and seek a way to replace them.<br />
The latest giant enterprise, the automobile industry,<br />
has attracted many building trade mechanics to that<br />
kind of work and is offering many good inducements,<br />
evidently feeling that it is easier to teach the business<br />
to an already trained mind.<br />
The fact that plumbers wages have always been<br />
higher than those paid in other than the building line<br />
attracted many applicants to learn the trade and accounted<br />
for the surplus formerly enjoyed. Now the<br />
inducements made, by other lines are such as to offer<br />
keen competition to us in the matter of attracting young<br />
men who wish to take up a vocation, and it behooves<br />
us to recognize this fact and bestir ourselves.<br />
As long as labor is scarce, our relations with our<br />
employes will continue unsatisfactory and our only<br />
salvation lies in taking on apprentices, teaching them<br />
the business, rushing through their education, sending<br />
them out as journeymen and taking on more apprentices<br />
until we have once more created a surplus.<br />
Let every master plumber take at least one apprentice,<br />
devote some of our time in developing him, give<br />
him the benefit of our advice and turn him out as a<br />
finished mechanic as soon as possible.<br />
Be sure to select a high school graduate, for the better<br />
educated he is the higher his ideals; and he will<br />
offer better competition in later years if he should<br />
become a master plumber, for we must not f<strong>org</strong>et that<br />
the apprentice of today is the master plumber of tomorrow.<br />
* Paper presented to National Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Convention,<br />
Pittsburgh, Pa.
550 PLUMBERAND<br />
Teamwork<br />
Unless you are a teamworker you are little likely to<br />
succeed under modern conditions. Civilization is built<br />
on teamwork—is teamwork.<br />
Today all these things are done by teamwork.<br />
Teamwork has given us fine homes, palatial apartment<br />
houses, giant hotels.<br />
Teamwork has given us machine-made clothing, machine-made<br />
shoes, machine-made foodstuffs, machinemade<br />
necessities and comforts of every description.<br />
Big Business will advance to positions of great responsibility<br />
no man wdio has not demonstrated his<br />
ability and aptitude as a teamworker.<br />
A widely known out-of-town banker was being selected<br />
by the National City Bank of New York as vicepresident.<br />
Salary—a large one—had been agreed upon<br />
and other arrangements completed. Then he wrote<br />
wanting to know precisely where he would rank among<br />
the institution's list of vice-presidents, and laid stress<br />
upon his "standing.'' He was immediately dropped.<br />
"He will not make a good teamworker," was the<br />
management's verdict.<br />
The teamworker can be—must be—every inch a man.<br />
But he is something more.<br />
He is a diplomat. He is not bigoted. lie recognizes<br />
that others, especially his superiors in rank, are<br />
also entitled to have opinions and convictions of their<br />
own. He is ready to give and take. Ile does not<br />
expect to have everything his own way, to get always<br />
what he wants. He is broad enough to try to see<br />
things from the other party's point of view.<br />
And only teamworkers rise to the top under modern<br />
conditions, where one-man enterprises cannot withstand<br />
the competition of giant combinations of brains<br />
and capital.<br />
Carefully scrutinize your make-up, and if there be<br />
weak spots or kinks in it, apply yourself to remedying<br />
them.<br />
For large-scale success today is spelled "Teamwork."<br />
—Forbes Magazine (A. Y.)<br />
A Compact Pumping Unit<br />
The Fig. 1330 Hoosier electric house pump, manufactured<br />
by the Flint & Walling Manufacturing Co.,<br />
Kendallville, Ind., is used in connection with the Hoosier<br />
water supply systems. This pumping unit is designed<br />
HOOSIER ELECTRIC HOUSE PUMP<br />
for use wdiere vertical suction does not exceed 20 to<br />
22 ft. and is so constructed as to permit the use of a<br />
motor of small horse power to deliver a large quantity<br />
STEAM FITTER December 3. 1920<br />
of water and also to retain the advantages to be secured<br />
from slow moving driving mechanism.<br />
The air chamber, main frame and bearings are cast<br />
integral, providing an excellent foundation for the<br />
working parts of pump and assuring proper alignment<br />
of driving shaft, main shaft and plunger. The cylinder<br />
of pump is brass lined and lining is removable and replaceable.<br />
It will be seen by the illustration the plunger attaches<br />
to the crosshead and this crosshead travels on<br />
two guy shafts preventing twisting or side strain. The<br />
teeth of gear and pinion are cut from solid metal to<br />
insure quiet running properties. The valves are so<br />
located that they may be easily reached when repairs<br />
are necessary.<br />
The Hoosier unit is furnished with a motor of standard<br />
manufacture, which can be had for electric current<br />
in any cycle or voltage. Complete information can be<br />
had in reference to the pumping unit also the Hoosier<br />
water supply system by addressing the company at the<br />
above address requesting Bulletin F.<br />
R. M. C. Gas Burners<br />
The gas burner, manufactured by the Rotary Manufacturing<br />
Co., Ninth and Santa Fe avenues, Los<br />
THE R. M. C. GAS BURNER<br />
Angeles, Cal., is adapted to burning artificial, mixed or<br />
natural gas by a simple change of nozzle. It does not<br />
require any additional expense in installing for auxiliary<br />
equipment such as motors, wiring floors or piping.<br />
As will be seen by the illustration it has no shutters,<br />
doors or mixing valves. The need of these is eliminated<br />
by the extremely high temperature of the flame<br />
and the positive introduction of the secondary air which<br />
follows up the grooves in the ribbed head and meets<br />
the base of each flame jet.<br />
Information relative to sizes, prices, etc., can be had<br />
by addressing the manufacturer.<br />
Iron Cement from Old Dry Batteries<br />
A good iron cement may be made by combining the<br />
black filler material from old dry batteries with fine iron<br />
filings and building cement. Use fifteen ounces of<br />
cement, twenty ounces of fine iron filings and five of<br />
battery filler. All these materials should be thoroughly<br />
dry and as fine as possible when mixed. This cement<br />
mixed and stored in a dry place vvill keep indefinitely.<br />
To use it, add water to make a thick paste and apply.<br />
Water starts a chemical action that makes the mixture<br />
set. This is good for filling cracks in stoves, waterpipes,<br />
etc.
December 3. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
For All White Bath Rooms<br />
Doctor Noah Geiger then urged the association to<br />
take action and on motion the matter was referred to<br />
To meet the demand for all white bath room fittings,<br />
the committee on public affairs with instructions to<br />
the C. F. Church Manufacturing Co., Holyoke, Mass.,<br />
pledge the association's support for the necessary ex<br />
has added to its line the no-lip saddle pattern pyralin<br />
penditure on the part of the taxpayers to provide this<br />
much needed public utility.<br />
The motion was unanimously carried and afterward<br />
the meeting adjourned.<br />
A NO-LIP SADDLE PATTERN PYRALIN COVERED SEAT<br />
covered seat as illustrated. This seat is entirely covered<br />
with pyralin including the hinges which are specially<br />
designed to harmonize with its graceful outlines and is<br />
of such quality as to make every householder who is<br />
fortunate enough to have one proud of its graceful and<br />
sanitary appearance. This is an article of the class that<br />
adds prestige to the plumber installing it.<br />
Comfort Stations for Newark, N. J.<br />
Increased popular interest and support was given<br />
the movement to erect a number of public comfort stations<br />
in Newark, N. J., at a meeting of the Federated<br />
Improvement Associations held in the City Hall, Newark,<br />
N. J., Monday night, November 29, attended by the<br />
mayor, the city commissions, delegates from a number<br />
of associations and persons interested in public affairs.<br />
It was presided over by Andrew Muller.<br />
After hearing discussions on the public lighting and<br />
power station, which was supported, a movement to protect<br />
Newark's water front was also supported. Arthur<br />
J. Smart, who has been actively engaged in creating a<br />
sentiment for public comfort stations, then presented a<br />
report of what had been done, showing that there was<br />
much encouragement from the many <strong>org</strong>anizations he<br />
had addressed and the people he had interviewed and<br />
urged that provision for the erection of seven comfort<br />
stations at prominent points in the city be made in the<br />
annual budget.<br />
He introduced Frank K. Chew, who spoke of the<br />
work of the American Society of Sanitary Engineering<br />
in establishing a comfort station mark, in providing temporary<br />
comfort stations at the last two inaugurations<br />
in Washington and their use at the Grand Army encampments<br />
and Old Home Weeks in different places,<br />
showing that the idea was gaining ground in the country<br />
and with the congestion of population the greater need<br />
pf such provision.<br />
Coal Versus Obligation<br />
551<br />
In 1918 about 82,080,000 tons of coal were consumed<br />
for domestic heating. It is reasonably conservative to<br />
estimate that 20 per cent of it was wasted, due to lack<br />
of proper firing and inefficient apparatus. Much of this<br />
inefficiency of apparatus is due to faulty draft, dirty<br />
boilers, dirty flues and broken parts of apparatus that<br />
could and should be replaced.<br />
The 20 per cent loss represents 16,416,000 tons and<br />
a money value of $98,496,000.00 for one year only. If<br />
this breach were shut, the 15,000 men now employed in<br />
mining coal could be swung to other productive labor.<br />
The industry that can best combat this enormous<br />
waste and at the same time ease up the burdens of their<br />
cause, is none other than the plumbing and steam fitting<br />
industry. Forthwith is the opportunity offered steam<br />
fitters to step forth and combat waste of fuel.<br />
The Late John R. Allen's Research Work<br />
Too much space cannot be given to the wonderful<br />
work that was done by the late Professor John R. Allen,<br />
Director of Research Bureau of American Society of<br />
Heating and Ventilating Engineers and the following<br />
extract is taken from a letter which is being sent by the<br />
chairman of the committee to the membership of the<br />
society:<br />
It is a matter of great regret to the officers of the society<br />
and to the Committee on Research that Professor<br />
Allen could not have been spared long enough to complete<br />
more of the valuable fundamental data which he<br />
was in the process of accumulating. Professor Allen<br />
has probably given more attention to research in the field<br />
of heating and ventilating than any other investigator,<br />
and his death, before his work in the purely research<br />
field was hardly begun, is a great loss to the profession<br />
at large.<br />
Professor Allen has, however, left us a pleasing legacy<br />
in the splendid <strong>org</strong>anization of the Research Bureau<br />
which he was able to establish at the Bureau of Mines'<br />
Laboratories in Pittsburgh. His intimate touch with the<br />
field was there clearly established and his wonderful<br />
knowledge of the art enabled him to initiate the investigations<br />
of the Bureau along the much needed lines. In<br />
addition, he gathered around him a working personnel<br />
and initiated such an atmosphere of investigation as toinsure<br />
continuity of the work along desirable lines.<br />
In fact, Professor Allen stated only a short time before<br />
his death, that he was happy to have been able to<br />
so establish his working <strong>org</strong>anization that he could now<br />
be absent from the Bureau without loss or delay in the<br />
work; he felt the importance of doing considerable<br />
traveling in order to keep in touch with the activities in<br />
the various research laboratories in different parts of<br />
the country. As a result of his <strong>org</strong>anization, the Bureau<br />
is now in condition to proceed for the next six months
552 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER December 3, 1920<br />
without delay or change of program, and already the<br />
forecast indicates the development of much valuable<br />
data.<br />
It is the determination of the officers of the society<br />
and of the Cominittee on Research to continue this work<br />
as a monument to Professor Allen and to complete every<br />
activity which he has inaugurated. The officers feel certain<br />
that all subscribers to this Research Fund vvill desire<br />
to pay their respects to this great man by continuing<br />
their co-operation and support of the work.<br />
For the present, the Committee on Research has decided<br />
to confirm Professor Allen's appointment of Dean<br />
L. A. Scipio, formerly of Robert College of Constantinople,<br />
Turkey, as an assistant, who will continue at the<br />
Bureau as Acting Director. Dean Scipio is a man of<br />
extended experience in research and investigative lines<br />
and he was formerly associated with Professor Allen.<br />
Reassuring Sentiments on Business Expressed<br />
by a Prominent Banker<br />
Confidence that no business disaster is impending is<br />
inspired by the following extracts from the address of<br />
James S. Alexander, president of the National Bank of<br />
Commerce in New York, before the eleventh annual<br />
convention of the American Manufacturers' Export<br />
Association. A business panic in this country would be<br />
chargeable to gross inefficiency and dereliction of duty<br />
on the part of business men and bankers under the improved<br />
banking system now in force he declared. Answering<br />
the charge that bankers fail to co-operate with<br />
business in times of financial stress, he said that the action<br />
of the banks in conserving credit wais the best cooperation<br />
they could extend under recent financial conditions.<br />
The country's credit structure was never better built<br />
than it is today, he said, and in view of the elasticity<br />
given business conditions by the Federal Reserve System,<br />
the country need never see another panic. Principles<br />
governing the domestic situation, particularly the<br />
duty of banks to readjust the credit situation when<br />
necessary, apply with especial force to the export trade.<br />
He also expressed the belief that American manufacturers<br />
should market raw rather than finished products to<br />
Europe if a sound basis is to be laid for equalizing the<br />
existing adverse trade balances.<br />
"The peak of credit expansion must soon pass," he<br />
said, "but this does not mean that there are not ahead<br />
of us many serious and necessary adjustments. There<br />
must be established stable price levels so that business<br />
can be conducted on a basis of confident judgment rather<br />
than of guess and speculation. There must also be adequate<br />
production, primarily in the more substantial lines<br />
of goods, so that we shall not continue to live on a narrow<br />
hand-to-mouth margin which is responsible for<br />
unstable prices. We must conserve credit so that there<br />
will he amole funds for long time investments to provide<br />
for the rehabilitation of essential permanent equipment.<br />
railroad building alnd repair, and necessary housing<br />
construction.<br />
"With these necessary readjustments before us, I<br />
believe the duty of the banks of the country is clear.<br />
It is their duty to interpret the needs of business in view<br />
of these foregoing considerations. Since the banks<br />
touch all phases of industry and business, they are able<br />
to obtain a broader view of the total business situation<br />
than is the individual business man, whose enthusiasm<br />
or anxiety over his own line may obscure his vision to<br />
the greater need and even to his own best interests.<br />
"The banks have seen clearly the necessity of conserving<br />
our credit resources lest the financial structure<br />
of the country should become over-expanded and weakened.<br />
They have seen, too, the need of production,<br />
price stability and adequate transportation. They have<br />
realized that our business energies must not be diverted<br />
from these requirements. Seeing these things clearly it<br />
has been their responsibility to act in accordance with<br />
them.<br />
"Therefore, I believe that it is due to a misconception<br />
or to failure to give due weight to fundamental facts,<br />
if business feels that there has been any tendency on the<br />
part of the banks to fail to co-operate with it to the fullest<br />
extent in the present business era. Seen in its true<br />
light, the attitude of the banks has been the only true<br />
co-operation possible. Any other attitude on their part<br />
would have been non-cooperation, making more difficult<br />
the period of readjustment and recovery to normal,<br />
stabilized business, which is what we all want.<br />
"During the war period the ratio of ourToreign trade<br />
to our total domestic trade has undergone violent<br />
changes, foreign business occupying for a time an abnormal<br />
importance. There was also produced an abnormal<br />
balance of foreign indebtedness in our favor.<br />
"Just what ratio between our foreign trade and our<br />
domestic trade may come to be established as normal it<br />
is impossible to say.<br />
"If a marked recession in our export trade should<br />
prove to be one of the corrective factors tending to<br />
stabilize international trade, it is my belief that such a<br />
recession should be accepted as economically sound and<br />
that we should not incur the dangers of seeking to<br />
stimulate by artificial methods the volume of our foreign<br />
trade. Where there is a real demand for our goods<br />
there vvill be a real market. It is the business of the<br />
banks to finance goods for real markets. It is not their<br />
business to attempt to maintain expanded foreign trade<br />
when it becomes manifest that there is not the continued<br />
economic basis for that expansion.<br />
"We must not finance our foreign trade on a basis<br />
that vvill perpetuate over-expansion in our domestic<br />
banking credit.<br />
"The most desirable foreign trade is that with countries<br />
which give most promise of being able to reestablish<br />
their own productivity and to regain at the earliest<br />
moment the ability to liquidate their debts here with<br />
goods. It is also but the part of wisdom to favor, in our<br />
trade with those countries, such products of ours as will<br />
serve most rapidly to help them return to a condition of<br />
economic stability. These are all practical considerations<br />
for business men as well as bankers."<br />
Father Carries the Coal that Exasperates<br />
Mother with Heat<br />
(Continued from Page 529)<br />
has to have a new suit, it is just a question of showing<br />
him some suits and letting him take his pick. He buys;<br />
he does not have to be sold. That applies to the prospect<br />
for kerosene or gas water heaters. He has his<br />
mind all made up to buy and all that is necessary is to<br />
show him something from which to make his selection.<br />
The plumber can assure his prospect that it is all wool<br />
and a full yard wide as the kerosene and gas water<br />
heaters are demonstrated successes. Therefore the<br />
plumber is not inviting continuous trouble and complaint<br />
in pushing the sale of them.
December 3. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 553<br />
PllpillMllllllllllllllllllll^ iiimiiiiiiBiiiimiiiniii<br />
THE MARKET<br />
^annnnmiiminiiiminiiuiiniMiiiiiimtui inn inLiiiiiMittu ittui liiiitMiinnHiiMiDimiiuuuiMiiiiiLiiLHiniiiii uu uttu iHimsuuuiLiunHJiii iniiiniitiini IllllllllllllllilllllllllllUllllllllllllllllllIlllllllii<br />
New York Comments<br />
STEAM GOODS<br />
Delivery of steam goods shows slight improvement,<br />
with prices holding at the high level and buying continuing<br />
only for work on hand. Demand for repair<br />
parts are reported as slowing up. Present indications<br />
point to a gradual re-adjustment in prices, rather than<br />
any sharp drop. Stocks of radiators are reported in<br />
few instances, and improvement of shipments the general<br />
rule.<br />
PLUMBING GOODS<br />
The demand for larger sizes of pipe, for oil country<br />
consumption and line pipe, still keeps the mills busy,<br />
thus preventing any accumulation of stocks of smaller<br />
sizes. Several jobbers report receipt of carload shipments<br />
the past week; however, prices hold very firm.<br />
Wrought iron pipe is still very scarce, with slight promise<br />
of improved conditions in the near future. Soil<br />
pipe stocks are reported very good in most cases with<br />
hesitant demand, and no further readjustment of<br />
prices.<br />
Porcelain enamelware continues to improve, stocks<br />
of bath tubs being reported by several jobbers. Smaller<br />
fixtures, while not as plentiful, show improved output<br />
at factories, with favorable outlook for accumulation<br />
of stocks by jobbers in the near future. Prices show<br />
no re-adjustment; however, the peak has been reached<br />
with the demand less than normal.<br />
Vitreous ware is more plentiful and moving very<br />
slowly. Indications point to the fact that the peak price<br />
has been reached in this line, and, readjustment of prices<br />
will be gradual.<br />
While readjustment of plumbers brass goods prices<br />
seems certain in the near future, it seems equally certain<br />
that there will be no break, but rather a gradual<br />
decline in ratio to the controlling elements, labor and<br />
material costs, and efficiency._ No further drop has<br />
occurred in brass pipe and fittings.<br />
Chicago Comments<br />
Right now business in the Chicago district is described<br />
as dead by the supply trade. Trade from farming<br />
districts has become inactive as the prices of their<br />
products have declined sharply. The feeling that<br />
prices will be lower, together with the fact that construction<br />
is at a standstill creates a condition for manufacturers<br />
and jobbers concerning which they do not<br />
care to make a forecast. No official price changes on<br />
boilers, radiation, fittings, brass goods or plumbing supplies<br />
have been announced during the week just past.<br />
Non-ferrous metals are lower and production is being<br />
cut down where surpluses are available. While the<br />
buyers' attitude cannot be readily gauged, the opinion<br />
has been expressed that should they take hold, there<br />
would be an immediate strengthening of prices.<br />
Pig Iron—Prices show a tendency toward easier<br />
levels, and there has been some disposition to meet<br />
resale quotations. Whether or not there is sufficient<br />
resale tonnage to fill an active buying movement remains<br />
to be seen. Production has been considerably<br />
held up with a great many furnaces going out of blast.<br />
Copper—Some orders for fair lots of the metal have<br />
made their appearance, the low price apparently being<br />
attractive. There is a good surplus of metal on hand,<br />
and production activities are being restricted until some<br />
of this has been absorbed. There is practically no demand<br />
in Chicago and for small lots dealers quote Lake<br />
Ingot at 15^/2 cents.<br />
Tin—There seems to be no interest in this metal and<br />
Chicago dealers now quote Straits pig at 38 to 40<br />
cents.<br />
Lead—Another price cut has been made by some<br />
producers to 6.15 cents, though the leading interest<br />
still asks 6.50 cents. Chicago dealers report no demand<br />
and are quoting 6.25 cents for small lots.<br />
Zinc—The market remains stagnant, with further<br />
cuts in production, as well as in price. Chicago dealers<br />
now quote slabs at 6.50 cents which is half a cent lower<br />
than a week ago.<br />
Solder—There have been no changes in solder prices,<br />
warranted 50/50 being sold at 27 to 29 cents.<br />
Pig Iron<br />
Prices are following coal and coke recessions and<br />
are not strong with labor becoming more plenty to<br />
show another influence that helps the downward<br />
trend.<br />
NEW YORK<br />
East Pa. No. 1 fdy Sil $2.75 to $3.25 $47.52 to $50.52<br />
East Pa. No. 2X fdy Sil 2.25 to 2.75 45.77 to 48.77<br />
East Pa. No. 2 fdy SU 1.75 to 2.25 44.52 to 47.52<br />
Buffalo Sil 1.75 to 2.25 46. 6 to 48.46<br />
Virginia No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25 49.16 to 50.16<br />
CHICAGO<br />
Northern Coke No 1 Sil $2.25 to $2.75. .$42.25 to $45.25<br />
N°o hern Cot fdy No. 2 Sil \.7lito 2.25 40.00 to 43.00<br />
Southern Coke fdy No.l Sil Soft 2.75 to 3.25.. 47.67 to 49.67<br />
cX,tWn Cnkp fdv No 2 2.25 to 2.75.. 45.92 to 4/.9J<br />
!o°u!h_rn Sundry' Sil 175 to 2.25.. 44.67 to 46.67<br />
PHILADELPHIA<br />
Eastern Pa No 2 Plain Sil $1.75 to $2.25. .$43.54 to $46.54<br />
la fern Pa. No. 2X . Sil 2.25 to 2 75 44.79 to 4.79<br />
CLEVELAND<br />
CINCINNATI<br />
Southern Coke Sil $175 to $2.25 (base price]> $42.50 to<br />
Southern Coke Sil $2.25 to $2.75 (No 2 Soft) 43.75 to 47 5<br />
Southern Ohio No. 2 Sil $1.75 to $2.25 (No. 2) «.-_
554 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 3, 1920"<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap Iron, New York—Some cancellations have<br />
come in during a business stagnation and a general<br />
downward tendency. Prices which dealers in New<br />
York and Brooklyn are quoted to local foundries, per<br />
gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $34.00 to 35.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast columns, building materials,<br />
etc., cupola size 33.00 to 34.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast not cupola size 25.00 to 26.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc.) 25.00 to 26.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. diam., not under 2<br />
ft. long) 14.00 to 15.00<br />
Stove plate 20.50 to 21.50<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago—Movement of this material is<br />
confined to small lots for immediate needs and prices<br />
quoted are per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 Cast $22.00 to $23.00<br />
Machine Shop Turnings 8.00 to 8.50<br />
Cast Borings 10.50 to 11.00<br />
Stove Plate 23.00 to 23.50<br />
Grate Bars 16.00 to 16.50<br />
Railroad Malleab'e 19.00 to 19.50<br />
Agricultural Malleable 19.00 to 19.50<br />
Country Mixed 11.00 to 12.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburg—Sharp recessions are noted<br />
and it is next to impossible to interest melters.<br />
Prices are off from $1 to $3 per ton. For delivery to<br />
consumers' mills in the Pittsburgh and other districts<br />
that take Pittsburgh freight rates, prices are as follows<br />
:<br />
Cast iron wheels $38.00 to 39.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 15.00 to 15.50<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 27.00 to 28 00<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 20.00 to 21.00<br />
Short shoveling turnings 17.00 to 18.00<br />
Heavy breakable cast 30.00 to 30.50<br />
Stove plate 25.50 to 26.00<br />
Cast iron borings 18 00 to 18.50<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 27.00 to 28.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Boston—Prices on steel have slumped<br />
off slightly although buying in small quantities show<br />
little change in price. Pig iron is easing in price while<br />
the price for No. 1 machinery remains at $41 as a<br />
rule.<br />
Wrought No. 1 yard long $20.00 to 20.50<br />
Stove plate 24.00 to 24.50<br />
No. 1 machinery 40.00 to 42.00<br />
Breakable cast 33.00 to 34.00<br />
Bundled barrel hoops _ 11.00 to 11.50<br />
Wrought iron pipe, new specification 15.50 to 16.00<br />
Steel rails (rerolling) 31.50 to 32.00<br />
Heavy melting steel 16.50 to 17.50<br />
Turnings, axle 16.00 to 16.50<br />
Turnings, machine shop 12.00 to 12.50<br />
Car axles, iron 40.00 to 41 00<br />
Car axles, steel 36.00 to 37.00<br />
Cast borings 15.50 to 16.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York—The market has settled<br />
down to a quiet sluggish state, business being practically<br />
impossible because of the uncertainty of the<br />
future. Dealers' buying prices are nominally as follows:<br />
Cents<br />
Per Lb.<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible 12.50<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 11.50<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 10.25<br />
Brass, heavy 7.25<br />
Brass, light 5.50<br />
No. Heavy 1 yellow red machine brass brass or composition turnings composition ...., turnings 10.00 12 6 75 25<br />
Lead, heavy 5.25<br />
Lead, tea 3.75<br />
Zinc 4.00<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago—There is little activity in this<br />
class of material and dealers buying prices are lower as<br />
follows:<br />
Red Brass 9]/2<br />
Yellow Brass, heavy 6_J<br />
Yellow Brass, light 5<br />
Copper, heavy and clips 9J-4<br />
Copper, light and bottoms &%<br />
Lead Pipe 3'/_<br />
Tea Lead 2%<br />
Tin Foil 22<br />
Block Tin Pipe 27<br />
Pewter No. 1 18<br />
Zinc 3<br />
Soldered Joints 7<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Boston—-Increased activity in copper is<br />
noticeable following the low prices to which it has<br />
fallen. Lead, zinc and aluminum are very stagnant<br />
and indications for the whole old metal market are for<br />
a period of quiet and idleness. Dealers are nominally<br />
as follows:<br />
Heavy crucible copper $12.00 to 12 50<br />
Heavy scrap copper 10 50 to 11 00<br />
Light copper 8.50 to 9.00<br />
Heavy mch. comp. red brass 10.50 to 11.00<br />
Comp. turnings No. 1 9 50 to 10 00<br />
Heavy brass 7.50 to 7 75<br />
Light brass , 5.50 to 5.75<br />
Brass turnings No. 1 rod 5.50 to 6.00<br />
Lead, solid 5.00 to 5 25<br />
Zinc 4 00 to 4.25<br />
Pewter No. 1 30.00 to 31.00<br />
Clean cast aluminum 14.00 to 1 ^ 00<br />
New aluminum clippings 18.00 to 19.00<br />
Old painted aluminum 15.00 to 15.50<br />
Notes on Prices, New York<br />
Linseed Oil—This market is weak and in large lots<br />
as low as 83c. per gallon has been made with no<br />
buyers in sight and the market still ru'es weak, with<br />
the range in small lots on 5 bbls. or less of 94 to<br />
96 cts. In less than 5 bbl. lots 3 cts. per gallon more<br />
is asked than for carload lots. A further advance of<br />
2 cents is asked for boiled oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine.—There have been further<br />
drops in turpentine prices with considerable du'lness.<br />
In machine barrels in yard price is $1.00 per gallon.<br />
Rosin—The market is dull and weak for 280 lb.<br />
barrel the price for D grade is $11.25 and the wholesale<br />
price for common-to-good strained is $11.50.<br />
Large New Boiler Plant Contemplated<br />
The Ranger Boiler Works, Ranger Texas., contemplates<br />
the erection of a new plant to cost about $100,000,<br />
including equipment. L. C. McFall is president.<br />
Heating System Remodeled<br />
When Landers, Frary & Clark bought the old plant<br />
at New Hartford, Conn., it was necessary to remodel<br />
the heating system. The contract was given to Hutton<br />
Brothers Co., Winsted, Conn., who later secured a<br />
contract for installing 10 water closets and 5 urinals,<br />
so that the plant would have for its workers a set of<br />
toilet rooms in keeping with the number of employees<br />
and the character of service expected of them.
December 3. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
THE EDITOR'S CHAT COLUMN<br />
.,____<br />
Articles on Estimating Coming<br />
The time has come when a definite date can be<br />
set for the first chapter of the series of articles on<br />
Estimating.<br />
This series will start with the December 31 number<br />
and will extend over several months.<br />
As already announced, these articles have been<br />
written by a man "who knows the game," and<br />
readers may look to their appearance with confidence<br />
in them being the most comprehensive treatment<br />
of this subject ever presented by a trade paper.<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER is glad of this opportunity<br />
to help its readers in such a pronounced<br />
way, for there is certainly need of an authoritative<br />
treatment of this important subject.<br />
But these articles on estimating comprise only<br />
one of the many good things planned for PLUMBER<br />
AND STEAM FITTER for the coming year.<br />
Since the plumbing and heating section of <strong>Metal</strong><br />
<strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong> have been<br />
separated from that paper and published as<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER, the editors have had<br />
a better chance to do a whole lot of good things<br />
for this industry.<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER hasn't any other<br />
trade to serve. It is working every minute for<br />
the plumbing and heating industry, and evidently<br />
its efforts are appreciated, for with every succeeding<br />
week more and more subscribers are writing to<br />
tell the editors how much better they like the plan<br />
of publishing the plumbing and heating section of<br />
<strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, <strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong> as a specialized<br />
paper for this one trade.<br />
And PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER has made a<br />
considerable gain since, the change was made. It<br />
is going ahead with every issue, because it is being<br />
made right editorially.<br />
Every issue is filled with helpful ideas for its<br />
readers, and this policy is to be continued. It is to<br />
be made the best editorially that time, energy and<br />
money can make it. PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
is bound to be a big success.<br />
THESE FIGURES SPELL<br />
SATISFACTION<br />
300,000<br />
Vogel Frost - Proof<br />
Closets Now in Use<br />
The wide-awake plumber finds an<br />
unlimited field for Vogel F ost-Proof<br />
Closets.<br />
There is a lot of "Vogel" Frost-<br />
Proof business in your locality. Look<br />
in the garages, shops, isolated and<br />
unheated places—plenty of work for<br />
you to do and each "Vogel" installation<br />
means a handsome profit.<br />
Jos. A. Vogel Co.<br />
555<br />
They are easy to sell,<br />
simple and inexpensive to<br />
install and reliable in<br />
service. Cannot freeze.<br />
No water in tank or any<br />
part of closet when not in<br />
operation.<br />
Get VOGELS from<br />
your jobber<br />
Wilmington Delaware<br />
Saves 2 to 3 Gallons of<br />
Water on Each Flushing<br />
Look at the problem with the eyes of an architect or<br />
building manager, and it will bring sales to you. Here is<br />
a closet that flushes perfectly on less water than others,<br />
and saves many dollars on the year's water bill.<br />
Watrous Duojet Closets have been specified this year<br />
in hundreds of new buildings—and remodelings.<br />
Two powerful, converging jets insure immediate action,<br />
a thorough flush, with no waste water. The Watrous<br />
Duojet principle has no crevices, lodges or zigzag passages<br />
which form objectionable fouling places.)<br />
'" Write todav for catalog of the Watrous line, which<br />
includes drinking fountains, flushing valves, urinals,<br />
self-closing cocks, liquid soap fixture.., etc.<br />
THE IMPERIAL 'BRASS MFG. CO.<br />
1223 W.,Harrison St., Chicago, 111.<br />
d/ApPUo<br />
\hj PLUMBING X<br />
If FIXTURES . 1<br />
* * & & & &<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTE* when you write.
556 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 3. 1920<br />
The Barometers of American Business<br />
Week Ending November 26, 1920<br />
(Copyright by THE STREET, Inc.)<br />
LW—Last Week (Shown by the Barometers) PW—Previous Week Y—Corresponding Week Last Year 1919—1919 Weekly average, taken as no<br />
BUSINESS<br />
FAILURES<br />
(Dun's)<br />
(Number)<br />
LW 218<br />
PW 263<br />
LY 100<br />
1919 124<br />
BUILDING FOOD TIME<br />
CONTRACTS PRICES MONEY<br />
(F. W. Dodge Co.) (Annalist) (90 days<br />
(In Millions) (Index No.) (Mixed)<br />
34*<br />
33*<br />
52*<br />
49<br />
t Week ended Friday.<br />
233*<br />
239*<br />
282*<br />
296<br />
7J_%<br />
634%<br />
6 >/J%<br />
BANK<br />
LOANS<br />
(N. Y. Clearing<br />
House)<br />
(In Millions)<br />
5,251*<br />
5,259*<br />
5,239*<br />
5,012<br />
One week earlier than other barometers.<br />
Summary of the Week's Developments<br />
After the enormous liquidation in the commodity<br />
market during the past few weeks, says The Street of<br />
November 27, there has been a change in sentiment.<br />
For the time being, the business community is in a<br />
more cheerful mood, although there has been no improvement<br />
in trade. Consumers continue to buy sparingly,<br />
because of their belief that price readjustments<br />
have not been completed. There is a general feeling<br />
that retail prices must next claim attention. These were<br />
automatically modified when the commodity markets<br />
were breaking but, in all lines, they are still far too high.<br />
It is evidently the duty of bankers to turn their attention<br />
to retail firms, and curtail loans until they decide<br />
to do business on more reasonable price bases.<br />
None of the metal markets showed improvement to<br />
any noticeable extent. Pig iron producers are curtailing<br />
outputs, and coke makers, and zinc miners, are<br />
limiting production. The copper market is very weak,<br />
and it seems probable that, in order to dispose of surplus<br />
stocks, producers must make further recessions in<br />
prices. There is no improvement in the tin situation<br />
although the position of this metal, and that of lead,<br />
is somewhat different to that of the other metals. Experts<br />
in the tin trade are anticipating an early improvement,<br />
both in demand and price for tin.<br />
The cotton market has again developed weakness.<br />
Sentiment in the trade is bearish, and short selling has<br />
been indulged in on a large scale. Advices from Liverpool,<br />
and the Egyptian cotton centers, were bearish<br />
throughout the week, and indicated that foreign authorities<br />
still anticipate lower prices. Wheat made a new<br />
record. The weakness in the wheat market was encouraged<br />
by the declines in the Argentine and Canadian<br />
DEMAND<br />
DEPOSITS<br />
(N. Y. Clearing<br />
House)<br />
(In Millions)<br />
4,023*<br />
4,031*<br />
4,196*<br />
4,506<br />
BANK<br />
CLEARINGS<br />
(N. Y. Clearing<br />
House)<br />
(In Millions)<br />
4,828*<br />
4,631*<br />
5,462*<br />
4,560<br />
STOCK SALES<br />
(N. Y. Stock<br />
Exchange)<br />
(Thousands of<br />
Shares)<br />
4,169t<br />
6,326t<br />
4,911t<br />
6,017<br />
BOND<br />
SALES<br />
(N. Y. Stock<br />
Exchange)<br />
(In Thousands)<br />
65,767t<br />
79,495t<br />
100,83St<br />
72,523<br />
markets. The general selling of wheat and flour resulted<br />
in weakness in the corn markets. Receipts of<br />
corn over the holiday were moderate. Notwithstanding<br />
the large amount of selling, the tone of the corn market<br />
is firmer than that of other cereals. The selling of<br />
wheat and corn prompted the selling of oat's and other<br />
grain, which also resulted in price declines. The sugar<br />
market was quiet and featureless. No sugars were<br />
pressed for sale; but total refiners showed no disposition<br />
to enter the market.<br />
There was a slight rally in the stock market following<br />
theenormous liquidation of the preceding week. Transactions<br />
were on a much smaller scale, but price changes<br />
were irregular. The week ended with the market displaying<br />
a heavy undertone.<br />
The foreign exchange market continues demoralized.<br />
When it opened on the 22d, sterling rallied, bringing<br />
the market up with it, but the rally did not hold, and<br />
throughout the week prices sagged away. The local<br />
market was largely influenced by the European markets<br />
which were very feverish owing to rumors respecting<br />
the financial stability of some of the European countries.<br />
These rumors were baseless, yet they served to<br />
depress prices, and caused confusion in the various ex-'<br />
change markets.<br />
Shop to Be Enlarged<br />
The Milwaukee Flush Valve Co., 1017 Clybourn<br />
street, Milwaukee, has increased its capital stock fronr<br />
$30,000 to $75,000. It will enlarge, its shop during the 1 .<br />
coming year.<br />
&
PLUMBER and<br />
STEAM FITTER<br />
Vol. XCIV, No. 19 DECEMBER 17, 1920 $2.00 a Year<br />
I Think Good Window Display Pays-D.H.Kelly<br />
That Statement Is a Valuable Contribution to the Welfare of the Plumbing<br />
and Heating Industry Because Mr. Kelly Talks from Experience—His Showroom<br />
Indicates How He Keeps His Eye on the Ball and Hits the Bullseye<br />
The man to listen to is the man who has proven his<br />
theory by actual trial. Therefore, when Mr. Kelly says,<br />
"I think that a good window display pays," after 49<br />
consecutive years of business experience in the plumbing<br />
and heating industry and backs that statement by maintaining<br />
the showroom shown in the illustration, that is<br />
proof. It is time to sit up and listen. More than that,<br />
it is time to take a close look at Mr. Kelly's window display.<br />
Find out why it pays, because, if it pays Mr.<br />
Kelly which it does, then it will pay you.<br />
LOCATED ON MAIN STREET<br />
A SELF-SUPPORTING SHOWROOM<br />
The business and showroom of D. H. Kelly is located<br />
at 3 Elizabeth street, Derby, Conn., a community of
558 PLUMBER ANJ. STEAM FITTER December 17. 1920<br />
10,000 population. It is located on one of the main<br />
streets and has two show windows as shown in the cut.<br />
WHAT IS A GOOD WINDOW DISPLAY?<br />
It will be easy to see that the window displays shown<br />
are what Mr. Kelly considers good. They are the kind<br />
that pays him. The other contains steam goods, and the<br />
other plumbing fixtures and bathroom accessories. Both<br />
present a neat appearance, are changed from time to<br />
time and are kept clean. The showroom itself looks<br />
neat and is kept clean.<br />
THE DISPLAY SHOWS THAT MR. KELLY HAS HIS EYE ON<br />
THE BALL<br />
The thing that makes display worth while, exceptionally<br />
good and pay, is the fact that Mr. Kelly keeps<br />
his eye on what be wants to accomplish—attract and<br />
please public attention. Both windows show that.<br />
Every glance at the showroom carries home to the<br />
public the fact that "there" is a plumbing establishment<br />
worth while. That is the fact which Mr. Kelly<br />
wants to drive home to the public, to his prospective<br />
customers.<br />
HOW THE PLUMBING DISPLAY HITS THE BULLSEYE<br />
A glance at the plumbing display shows a shower<br />
bath, curtains and receptacles, complete and neatly set,<br />
a pedestal lavatory fitted with faucets, a low-down vitreous<br />
china closet combination, also neatly set, also a<br />
plate glass shelf and a white medicine cabinet with<br />
mirror front. The shower is not an extremely expensive<br />
one, but it is of late design, up to the minute. The<br />
closet and lavatory are similarly of good quality, but<br />
of the very latest design, having graceful lines and being<br />
strictly up to the minute, as are the accessories.<br />
The first thing that hits the seeing public smack in<br />
the eye is neatness and grace. At the same time, the<br />
latest fixtures the market affords, at prices which are<br />
within the reach of the people of that community, are<br />
impressed upon their minds. That window tells the<br />
whole story. That's why it is good.<br />
THE STEAM WINDOW DOESN'T INDICATE THAT MR. KELLY<br />
LETS HIS AIM WAIVER<br />
One look at the steam goods displayed in the other<br />
window would convince the average member of the seeing<br />
public that Mr. Kelly has some of every kind of<br />
steam goods in the world. Isn't that hitting the ball,<br />
knocking facts right home at every glance? Look at<br />
the valves—can't help but see them—nine different<br />
sizes, set so that a child could tell that they were different<br />
sizes. Bushings, eleven different sizes, set the same<br />
way, pushing the idea right home that Kelly has all<br />
sizes of fittings and valves. To this are added steam<br />
gauges, oil cups, grease cups, lubricators, safety valves,<br />
thermometers and general pipe fittings. These indicate<br />
to the man having some knowledge of steam work that<br />
Mr. Kelly is equipped to handle high and low pressure<br />
steam and hot water work.<br />
That window pays because it also gets its story<br />
home. It makes an impression on the public and gives<br />
the interested man concise information.<br />
THE MASTER MIND SHOWN<br />
Backing up these two windows is the showroom, well<br />
stocked with fixtures, the whole indicating a man at the<br />
helm with a master mind, one who can be trusted to<br />
handle big things. Confidence, confidence in the ability<br />
of Mr. Kelly, is what that showroom impresses on the<br />
minds of the seeing public. It does it 365 days each<br />
year, plus an extra day on leap year. That's why it pavs.<br />
Views on Business Conditions<br />
R. G. Dun & Co. says: "Signs of betterment in<br />
business and sentiment, if slow to appear, are rather<br />
more distinct in certain quarters. Retail movement,<br />
although lacking the desired breadth, is accelerated<br />
as holidays draw nearer, and some primary<br />
markets are recovering a little from their<br />
lethargy."<br />
Bradstreet's states that reports on trade, prices,<br />
industry reveal cross currents, some of them in<br />
direction of improvement while others show recessions<br />
pointing to stabilization still being in progress.<br />
Retail trade reports are a shade better, particularly<br />
in West and West Central regions, holiday<br />
influences and price cutting inducing a larger business.<br />
Wholesale trade is rather less active.<br />
C. H. Sabin, president of Guaranty Trust Co.,<br />
New York, says in article in December Guaranty<br />
News: "There is nothing mysterious or unexpected<br />
about present condition in either commodity or security<br />
markets. For months it has been certain,<br />
and it has been repeatedly so stated by students of<br />
situation, that there must be a liquidation of commodities,<br />
securities and labor before this country<br />
could fully recover from effects of war and be restored<br />
to anything like normal business basis."<br />
Heating Engineers at Bellevue-Stratford<br />
The entertainment of those who attend the next annual<br />
meeting of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating<br />
Engineers in Philadelphia<br />
next January is in the hands of the<br />
Eastern Pennsylvania Chapter<br />
with John F. Hale chairman of<br />
the entertainment committee.<br />
All arrangements have been made<br />
for holding the professional sessions<br />
in the auditorium of the<br />
CHAIRMAN JOHN<br />
F. HALS<br />
Bellevue-Stratford Hotel and to<br />
have the hotel as headquarters<br />
for the meeting. Mr. Hale was<br />
active in the Illinois chapter for<br />
many years and with his experience<br />
as past president of the<br />
society he is well qualified to<br />
make the hospitality grateful to<br />
those who visit the city and to<br />
provide those surroundings for<br />
the profession session which will<br />
add to their dignity and value to<br />
the profession.<br />
Kinsey & Mahler Co.'s Catalogue<br />
Catalogue E of the Kinsey & Mahler Co., describing<br />
and illustrating its manufacture of brass<br />
goods for steam, water and gas, also the complete<br />
line of iron pipe and fittings, steam and gas fitters'<br />
supplies, pumps, hose, packing, etc., which the<br />
company as jobbers, carries for the plumbing and<br />
heating industry, is ready for distribution among<br />
the trade. This catalogue is very well gotten up,<br />
and contains information on almost all lines of<br />
material which the plumber and steam fitter need to<br />
have. Copies can be had by addressing the company,<br />
Kinsey & Mahler Co., corner Adams and<br />
Harrison streets, Peoria, 111.
December 17, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Power Assisted by Air Overcomes Troubles<br />
Air Columns Placed on the Pump Line Equalize Load by<br />
Absorbing Impulse Shocks, Thus Decreasing the Cost of Power<br />
The value of air columns on pipes conducting water<br />
from pumps is clearly demonstrated by the job as shown<br />
in illustration. This pumping system originally consisted<br />
of a Goulds "Pyramid" double acting pump, 5 in.<br />
stroke and 4 in. cylinder, connected with 950 ft, of 2-in.<br />
FIG - 1—SHOWING 12-FT. COLUMN OUTSIDE OF BUILDING<br />
pipe with outlets at various intervals for hose connections<br />
y-'m. hose being used, with belt connection to a<br />
1-hp. 1150 r. p. m. motor.<br />
A relief valve was placed on pump line as shown in<br />
illustration No. 1 immediately outside of air chamber<br />
for the purpose of relieving excess pressure. It was a<br />
1^-in. spring type relief valve. The pipe from that<br />
point was laid over comparatively level ground, making<br />
two right angle turns in getting to its destination. The<br />
second length extended about 50 ft. to a stream, making<br />
a water lift of 4 ft. 8 in. on the suction side of pump.<br />
FIG. 2—SHOWING TWO AIR COLUMNS WITHIN BUILDING<br />
Tests made on starting the apparatus indicated that continuous and showed very little effect of pulsation of<br />
it would not work satisfactorily. In fact, the motor be pumping throat. The motor ceased to heat and was of<br />
gan to heat immediately on being started and within a ample size for the work furnishing the water required.<br />
very few minutes became so hot as to make it impera The fault was a simple one and the remedy equally<br />
tive that it be turned off. This occurred even though the simple but efficient. Very little pulsation due to strokes<br />
relief valve were set at a very low pressure and all or of pump were noticeable at any outlet indicating that the<br />
the largest part of the water being wasted at that point air columns were taking up and equalizing the excess<br />
in order that the motor would operate the pump at all. pressure created in the original installation at each stroke<br />
The result was that very little water reached the hose of the pump. In other words, they equalized the load<br />
outlet, the quantity being far too small to meet the needs on the motor allowing of the full power developed by the<br />
for garden sprinkling.<br />
Increase of power was partially due to local electric<br />
motor being used to the best of advantage in placing the<br />
water where wanted.<br />
559<br />
company s rules, making it necessary to pay a stipulated<br />
monthly rate over the period of 12 mo. each yeaAvhere<br />
arger than 1 hp. motors were installed. In this case<br />
the water being pumped for garden irrigation only the<br />
pumping umt was wanted for use during two or three<br />
summer months only. Therefore the installation of a<br />
larger motor was prohibitive due to the large amount of<br />
money necessary to be paid to the electric company<br />
from which no benefit would be had by the owner.<br />
A computation of power necessary to supply the<br />
amount of water needed indicated to the engineers called<br />
in on this work that a 1 hp. motor could do the work<br />
provided the water could be gotten away from the pump<br />
rapidly enough. As the size of pipe could not be changed,<br />
only one alternative was feasible. Air columns must<br />
be employed to distribute the work to be done by the<br />
motor. Three air columns were used, all of them made<br />
of 2-in pipe, capped with a 2-in. cap having a y-'m.<br />
tapped opening in center to which was screwed a y-in.<br />
pet cock allowing air being admitted to the top of the column<br />
when necessary. One column 12 ft. high was placed<br />
near the outside of the building about 1 ft. from the tee<br />
shown in illustration Fig. 1. The other two, each 7 ft.<br />
6 in. high, were placed inside as shown in illustration<br />
Fig. 2, the first one at the first right angle turn in pipe<br />
about 250 ft. from pump and other at next elbow turn<br />
some 300 ft. distant dividing the pipe into three parts.<br />
This change in the system proved successful. Three<br />
y-'m. outlets running full size streams could be supplied<br />
at any three outlets in the line with no water wasted at<br />
the relief valve and with one stream only running with<br />
considerable waste at relief valve. It was practically
560 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 17. 1920<br />
Evolution of Sanitary Ideas and Needs<br />
Recommendations and Conclusions of the Special Plumbing Board of the Massachusetts<br />
Board of Health Show the Growth and Importance of Plumbing and the<br />
Need of Plumbing Control and Scientific Study as a Basis for Plumbing Design<br />
This is a summary of the results of the investigations<br />
thus far made making certain recommendations which<br />
we trust will be duly considered by the citizens of the<br />
Commonwealth, modified as may be thought advisable<br />
and enacted into law by the General Court of 1921. It<br />
would have been possible for us to have included in this<br />
report a bill embodying the conclusions which we have<br />
reached, but as there are various matters upon which<br />
there is still some trade disagreement, it seemed to us<br />
that to force them to an issue in advance of a full and<br />
free discussion by all parties interested would render<br />
the passage of any bill unwise. Furthermore, the general<br />
public needs to be enlightened as to the facts in<br />
regard to plumbing regulation and the general status of<br />
the plumbing business.<br />
We believe that radical changes are needed in regard<br />
to plumbing regulation; that the plumbing "rules"<br />
should be extended so as to become virtually a "sanitary<br />
code," and that the importance of the change is so great<br />
that hasty legislation would certainly be bad exceedingbad<br />
legislation.<br />
CHANGES OF IDEAS AS TO SANITATION<br />
The present plumbing regulations were the result of<br />
the great sanitary awakening which began in England<br />
about the middle of the nineteenth century and soon<br />
extended to America. This brought in the water carriage<br />
system, and very greatly increased and facilitated<br />
the use of water and the disposal of human wastes<br />
originating within dwellings. Nothing, perhaps, has<br />
done more to make human habitations healthful and<br />
comfortable than the introduction of plumbing, with<br />
its many fixtures for using water and getting rid of<br />
liquid and solid wastes.<br />
The early plumbing systems were crude, fixtures were<br />
unsatisfactory and nuisances often resulted. Stoppages,<br />
leaks, foul odors and frozen pipes made trouble for the<br />
householder. At that period the world had sensed the<br />
relation between filth and disease, but it had not yet<br />
learned that it is the living pathogenic bacteria in filth<br />
which cause disease and not the filth itself. Pasteur<br />
and his successors had not then made their bacteriological<br />
discoveries which have revolutionized our whole<br />
conception of communicable diseases. Sewer gas was<br />
regarded as a poison and as the cause of various diseases<br />
such as diphtheria and typhoid fever. The fear<br />
of sewer gas took an exaggerated place in the regulation<br />
of plumbing.<br />
CHANGES IN PLUMBING REGULATIONS NEEDED<br />
The present-day regulations are an inheritance from<br />
a previous generation. Meanwhile, medical and sanitary<br />
sciences have advanced, and it is time to revise our<br />
plumbing regulations and place them in line with the<br />
modern ideas of preventive medicine. If sewer air is<br />
not the poisonous "gas" which our fathers and grand-<br />
- fathers feared, if the likelihood of its spreading disease<br />
germs is so small as to be almost negligible, let us face<br />
the fact and adjust our practice to this theory; but in so<br />
doing let us not go to an opposite extreme and remove<br />
all safeguards. To do this would be just as absurd as<br />
to make the safeguards too severe and too expensive.<br />
The only sound and safe way is to build on the exist<br />
ing foundations in the light of present day knowledge.<br />
Another change has occurred which has greatly altered<br />
the status of the plumber in the community. Cities<br />
have grown to such size that the personal relation between<br />
the plumber and the householder has largely disappeared.<br />
In small communities of course, it still exists.<br />
The master plumber was formerly engaged for<br />
work on the basis of his reputation for skill as well as<br />
for his business standing. The licensing system has in<br />
the public mind to a large extent replaced the personal<br />
relation, and this is not well, as an impersonal relation<br />
is likely to cause misunderstandings.<br />
CHANGES THROUGH LICENSING SYSTEM<br />
The licensing system is intended to and may assur<br />
the public that the licensed plumber—master or journeyman—has<br />
the requisite knowledge and skill, but it<br />
cannot stand as a guarantee of honesty and financial<br />
responsibility. It will be difficult, if not impossible, to<br />
restore the personal relation in a large city, but the laws<br />
should make it possible for the local plumber's shop to<br />
be maintained and profitably operated.<br />
Plumbing repair work is most important in any community,<br />
and unless the status of the master plumber is<br />
improved, well-equipped local shops will become<br />
scarce and the public will lose the advantage of quick repair<br />
work.<br />
In spite of the time-honored jokes which periodically<br />
recur, it i.s a fact that every householder should realize<br />
and does realize when emergencies arise—that the<br />
plumber is one of the most useful of our craftsmen and<br />
has difficult tasks to perform under trying conditions.<br />
He should not be criticised for carrying out work forced<br />
upon him by public regulations—sometimes unnecessarily<br />
severe—and for charging for this work when he<br />
has completed it.<br />
CHANGES IN MATERIALS<br />
The gradual change of materials commonly used has<br />
greatly altered plumbing systems. In former days lead<br />
pipes were largely used. Working in lead was a skilled<br />
art, and gave to the plumber his name. Joints were then<br />
made by soldering, and it was possible for a poor workman<br />
to make a leaky joint. To-day pipes of iron, stee.<br />
and brass have largely replaced lead pipe, and joints<br />
are made by merely screwing the pipe and the fittings<br />
together.<br />
No longer are tanks lined with sheet lead on the job;<br />
factory-made tanks are bought ready to install. All<br />
sorts of small fittings, formerly made by the plumber,<br />
can now be purchased ready for use. The plumber has<br />
become an assembler of parts. Lead joints in soil<br />
pipes, however, are still made on the job. The responsibility<br />
for workmanship has been to a considerable extent<br />
transferred from the plumber to the manufacturer.<br />
In spite of this change in materials the need of practical<br />
knowledge of the principles of house drainage still<br />
exists. A novice may be able to thread pipes and screw<br />
them to others, but he cannot know how best to locate<br />
them in buildings without unwisely cutting joists and<br />
floor timbers or otherwise damaging structural parts of<br />
the building, nor how to choose the best design to insure
December 17. 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
proper operation of the system and thus reduce the<br />
liability of repairs and replacements becoming necessary.<br />
The growth of great manufacturing corporations<br />
which sell their product all over the country has made it<br />
practically impossible for a State or city to establish or<br />
successfully maintain its own standards of material.<br />
What is needed in this matter is not so much legal regulation<br />
as co-operation between manufacturers, plumbers<br />
and health authorities. Our plumbing regulations have<br />
been outgrown, not only because of new ideas in sanitation,<br />
but because of new business conditions.<br />
CHANGES IN WATER SUPPLY CONDITIONS<br />
The rising standards in the quality of pulilic water<br />
supplies, in Massachusetts as elsewhere, is causing a<br />
substitution of ground waters and filtered waters for<br />
unfiltered surface waters. These improved supplies, by<br />
reason of their greater clearness, are making more apparent<br />
the need for study of the problem of corrosion,<br />
not only for iron and lead, but also for brass pipes because<br />
of an increase in dissolved carbonic acid.<br />
The interruptions in the water supply service for<br />
buildings are not as frequent as in past years, due in<br />
great measure to the use of devices for making connections<br />
in street mains while water is still flowing<br />
through them.<br />
There is a tendency to the use of higher pressures than<br />
formerly, and this increases the quantity of water used<br />
and adds to the danger of leakage in house plumbing<br />
and otherwise affects the design and use of fixtures.<br />
There is a steadily increasing use of meters for domestic<br />
as well as for manufacturing services. There is<br />
an increasing use of running water in small towns and<br />
rural districts which makes the problem of local disposal<br />
of greater importance than formerly.<br />
CHANGES IN SEWERAGE CONDITIONS<br />
There is a tendency towards the use of the separate<br />
system for surface and rain water drainage instead of<br />
tbe combined system of sewers. This naturally causes<br />
a separation between the rain water piping system and<br />
the sanitary house plumbing system.<br />
There is a greater demand for sewage treatment than<br />
in past years, and inasmuch as grease is a trouble.some<br />
substance to handle and increases the difficulty of purification<br />
processes, there is likely to be increasing need<br />
for keeping it out of tbe sewers as much as possible.<br />
It is also important to reduce the waste of water through<br />
leaky plumbing fixtures in order to keep down the cost<br />
of treating sewage and disposing of drainage as well as<br />
conserving the water supplied.<br />
CHANGES IN PUBLIC HEALTH IDEAS<br />
The advantages of sanitation having impressed itself<br />
permanently on the community and the principles of preventive<br />
medicine also having been practically accepted,<br />
the activities in the field of public health are shifting to<br />
personal hygiene and to the care of the human body.<br />
This is tending to increase the demand for water for<br />
washing and bathing purposes. Experience in army life<br />
has emphasized this need upon thousands of men who<br />
never before appreciated it. Personal cleanliness is likewise<br />
being taught in the schools. Personal cleanliness is<br />
rightly coming to be regarded as one of the elements of<br />
self-respect. This means that proper facilities for using<br />
water under reasonable regulation must be provided,<br />
both in the home and in factories.<br />
Modern ideas of hygiene emphasize the importance of<br />
personal contact in the spread of disease—the contact<br />
of hand to hand, the handling of articles recently touched<br />
by another person, the touch of the lips to a common<br />
drinking cup or a poorly designed "bubbler. The<br />
danger of disease being spread in this way is a hundredtold<br />
more important than the danger of the "sewer gas."<br />
PLUMBING CONTROL<br />
The control of plumbing in Massachusetts may be<br />
said to consist of four parts—licensing, regulation permits<br />
and inspection. In all the cities and in about 46<br />
towns which have adopted plumbing regulations master<br />
plumbers and journeymen must be examined and licensed<br />
in order to establish their competency to do<br />
plumbing work. This requirement is in line with compulsory<br />
education, and is intended to be a guarantee<br />
against ignorance and lack of skill.<br />
Regulation consists of setting up minimum requirements<br />
for the design, standards of materials, and workmanship<br />
in plumbing. These regulations differ very<br />
greatly in different parts of the State, and these differences<br />
are sources of great annoyance to plumbers and<br />
added expense to householders.<br />
In 260 towns there are no regulations whatever, and<br />
in these towns anybody can work at the business of<br />
plumbing. Permits to do specific plumbing jobs where<br />
regulations are in force are granted to master plumbers,<br />
and in a few such localities to journeymen plumbers,<br />
but in the 260 towns of the state without regulations no<br />
permits are required.<br />
Inspection, which is carried on under the direction of<br />
the local board of health or the local building department,<br />
is intended to give assurance that the work has<br />
been done properly and in accordance with the regulations—a<br />
guarantee against dishonesty, carelessness,<br />
flaws in materials, and accidents. Licenses, permits,<br />
regulations and inspections invariably go together, a<br />
town adopting all or none.<br />
The practice of examining and licensing plumbers appears<br />
to be working quite satisfactorily. The inspection<br />
service does not always give the protection expected<br />
of it because of the difficulty of enforcing penalties.<br />
Failure of authorities namely boards of health, building<br />
departments and even the courts—to back up the<br />
inspectors and secure compliance with the law naturally<br />
tends to discourage the inspectors and causes many of<br />
them to carry on their work in a perfunctory manner.<br />
Failure of the inspectors to be on the job at just the<br />
time desired causes delay in building with consequential<br />
losses.<br />
The inspection does not always include a test of the<br />
system after the fixtures are set, but only a water test<br />
of the piping. There is no provision for "follow up"<br />
inspections after the installation has been once approved<br />
and regular inspections by the health authorities are<br />
not generally made. Yet it is the old plumbing rather<br />
than the new which needs attention.<br />
The granting of permits to journeymen, which is<br />
sometimes done, has thrown an increasing burden on the<br />
inspector and this practice does not tend to give the best<br />
results.<br />
In our opinion the laws should be modified so as to<br />
throw a greater responsibility upon the master plumber<br />
—that is, upon the man of experience—placing less dependence<br />
upon the combination of journeyman and inspector.<br />
Master plumbers, maintaining a permanent<br />
shop, have a business and a craftman's reputation to<br />
sustain ; journeymen and inspectors do not have to do<br />
this to the same extent.<br />
If the practice of issuing permits to journeymen<br />
were done away with, and if it were made possible to<br />
establish minimum requirements for plumbing installations<br />
in small communities which at present time are<br />
without regulations, either omitting entirely permit and<br />
inspection, or making more general the district system<br />
now authorized by law, and trusting to some extent to
562 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 17. 1920<br />
licensed master plumbers to comply with the regulations,<br />
with a penalty of loss of license for not complying with<br />
them, we believe that in sparsely settled localities the<br />
public interest would be sufficiently safeguarded. In<br />
other words, we believe that state wide plumbing regulations<br />
would be well enough administered in small<br />
communities under the district system or by the master<br />
plumbers themselves who have personal reputations to<br />
maintain among their neighbors, but that in large places<br />
where this personal relation cannot so readily exist,<br />
there should be the regular system of permit and inspection.<br />
Objection may be urged that this plan is impracticable<br />
because so much work is done today in small places<br />
by out-of-town plumbers, but the answer is that the<br />
public needs to have local plumbers to look after repair<br />
work, and it is not for the best interest of small communities<br />
to have all their plumbing work done by the<br />
plumbers of the large cities. We are of the opinion that<br />
each community should take the initiative and decide<br />
for itself those matters which relate to business and administration.<br />
REGULATION OF PLUMBING DESIGN<br />
The regulation of plumbing design is on a different<br />
basis. It does not involve business or administrativematters,<br />
but rests on scientific laws and practical experience.<br />
These are the same in one town as another.<br />
and there is no reasonable justification for the great variety<br />
of regulations found in the cities and towns of<br />
our own state.<br />
On the other hand, buildings differ and regulation of<br />
design applicable to one type of building is not appropriate<br />
for all other types of buildings. The single cottage<br />
house presents one problem; the three-decker<br />
and the apartment house of four or more stories another<br />
problem; the office building still another; the schoolhouse<br />
and factory different problems. There is no reason<br />
why a plumbing design unsuited to a three-decker<br />
in Boston is not equally unsuited to a three-decker on<br />
Cape Cod, barring possibly differences in the proximity<br />
or other buildings and the existence or absence of a<br />
sewer in the street.<br />
It seems to u.s that by carefully studying the needs<br />
of different buildings it will be possible to effect a<br />
classification which will accomplish two things, namely:<br />
First, to reduce the cost and trouble to the owner and<br />
builder of the small cottage house of the sort desired<br />
by wage earners and commonly found in small towns ;<br />
second, to give greater protection to those who live in<br />
miltiple dwellings which may be regarded as quasi-public<br />
dwellings, against the misuse of the common plumbing<br />
system by their co-occupants; and third, having<br />
made this classification, to be able thereby to extend the<br />
plumbing regulations in a uniform manner to the entire<br />
state.<br />
Such a classification will require care in its working<br />
out, and discussion by all who are interested in the<br />
housing problem.<br />
We are of the opinion that the laws regulating plumbing<br />
should be more elastic, but that they should be relatively<br />
uniform throughout the state in all localities operating<br />
thereunder, our suggestions being as follows :<br />
1. That the licensing of master plumbers and journeymen<br />
lie compulsory throughout the State.<br />
2. That minimum plumhing regulations for buildings of<br />
different classes be estab : ished and made uniform throughout<br />
lhe State; that these be mandatory for cities and large<br />
towns, but permissive for small towns.<br />
.1 That the permit and inspection systems be mandatory<br />
for cities and large towns, but permissive for small towns.<br />
4. That permits be granted only to master plumbers.<br />
5. That the installation of water piping systems which<br />
convey water to fixtures be regarded as plumbing work and<br />
subject to supervision and inspection the same as the drainage<br />
system.<br />
FEES FOR PERMITS<br />
It is our opinion that the fees to be paid for per<br />
should be merely nominal. For a single dwelling they<br />
should not exceed $1, but for large buildings in which<br />
the design is complicated and requires study by the inspecting<br />
officials the fee should be proportionately larger.<br />
As plumbing regulation is an exercise of the police<br />
power, no attempt should be made to have the fees pay<br />
the entire cost of the services.<br />
PENALTIES FOR NON-COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATIONS<br />
Inasmuch as the present method of securing enforce<br />
ment of plumbing regulations is often inoperative for<br />
reasons already stated, we are of the opinion that the<br />
best method of enforcement would be to have the law<br />
provide that the water supply shall not be furnished to a<br />
building (except temporarily for construction purposes)<br />
until both the water supply system and the house drainage<br />
system have met the approval of the proper authorities.<br />
This is merely the application of the method already<br />
in use for the installation of gas piping and fixtures.<br />
CERTIFICATES OF APPROVAL FOR MAINTENANCE OF<br />
PLUMBING<br />
As a further means of securing satisfactory plumbing<br />
and sanitary conditions it is our opinion that certificates<br />
of approval of maintenance should be issued in all<br />
cities and towns where inspections are made, such certificates<br />
being posted in multiple buildings constructed<br />
or used for the purpose of renting, these being quasipublic<br />
buildings.<br />
It is our further opinion that dwelling houses occupied<br />
solely by their owner and immediate family should<br />
be placed in a different class, and that the owner of such<br />
a building be not required to obtain such certificates.<br />
NEED OF UNIFORMITY<br />
It is our opinion that the present lack of uniform<br />
plumbing regulations in Massachusetts is the cause of<br />
numerous troubles, creating conditions which not only<br />
inject an element of confusion into the performance of<br />
plumbing work, but which ultimately increase the cost<br />
of such installations to the householders of tbe Commonwealth.<br />
It is also our opinion that the system of local option<br />
in plumbing regulations ought not to be carried to the<br />
extreme conditions which exist today, and that there is<br />
need of a uniform but simplified plumbing code which<br />
will establish minimum requirements for the various<br />
classes of buildings throughout the state. We recognize,<br />
liowever, that even a state-wide code cannot secure the<br />
necessary uniformity in plumbing materials, and that<br />
Ibis is a matter which must and should be taken up by<br />
the different states acting in a co-operative manner,<br />
and by the manufacturers of plumbing supplies acting<br />
in co-operation with the various state departments of<br />
health.<br />
REINSPECTION<br />
Inasmuch as old plumbing causes more trouble and is<br />
more likely to get out of order than new plumbing,<br />
greater attention should be given to the making of reinspections<br />
by the local authorities. Reinspections of<br />
multiple houses and single houses not occupied by their<br />
owners should be made annually, with less frequent reinspections<br />
of houses occupied by their owners.<br />
(Continued on page 567)
December 17. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 563<br />
Electricity or Water—Which?<br />
Because You Have Always Stuck to Doing Purely a Jobbing and Contracting<br />
Business Is No Better Reason Why You Should Not Capitalize Your Sales<br />
Ability Than That Because Columbus Came Over in One, We Should Stick to<br />
Wooden Ships—Real Business and Dollar Profits Await the Live <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
in Every Community Whose Slogan Is None Other Than—Forward March<br />
The term electric washer is somewhat of a misnomer<br />
in that it implies washing with electricity when, as a matter<br />
of fact, the washing is done entirely by the action of<br />
water. While this may seem incorrect, the mechanical<br />
operation which takes place in one of the modern washers,<br />
so called electric washers, is simply a forced movement<br />
of water through the material being washed. The<br />
principle involved is identical with that which applies<br />
when the washing is done by hand.<br />
A solution is made of soap or similar compounds into<br />
which the materials are immersed to become saturated,<br />
OF WHAT USE, THE WASHING MACHINE LESS THE PLUMB<br />
ING CONNECTIONS TO SEWER WATER MAIN ?<br />
and by alternately being rubbed and dipped, the condition<br />
of the material being washed is that of being more<br />
and then less saturated with the solution in the tub, the<br />
dirt being carried off by the solution forced out of the<br />
materials being rubbed. In other words, the water<br />
forced through the clothes, cloth or whatever is being<br />
washed, carries off the dirt with it, whether the washing<br />
is being done by hand or by machine.<br />
When the use of water is considered, particularly in<br />
the modern homes, the article requiring it enters the<br />
domain of the plumber. This is so because the plumber<br />
is largely responsible for the progressive march of sanitation<br />
and sanitary appliances which enter so largely as<br />
necessities in making the modern homes convenient,<br />
comfortable and sanitary. Not only is the plumber<br />
largely responsible for the apparatus and methods peculiarly<br />
adapted to meet these needs but he furnishes the<br />
brain and man power necessary to, and does install them<br />
and the proper water and waste connections for them.<br />
The plumber then is pre-eminently qualified to install<br />
and instruct customers in the use of machines, appliances<br />
or appurtenances requiring the use of water in<br />
their operation. They are a ligitimate part of his domain.<br />
The so-called electric washer or electric washing machine,<br />
although primarily dependent upon the water for<br />
its operation, and upon suitable water and drainage<br />
connections for convenient operation, has to a large extent<br />
been handled by electrical, hardware and department<br />
stores. <strong>Plumber</strong>s who are so absolutely essential<br />
to getting the water to and from the machine have unfortunately<br />
remained passive while others were reaping<br />
the profits of this business.<br />
While this is unfortunate for the master plumbers the<br />
live wires in our trade are alive to this passive attitude<br />
of the past and are getting behind their washing machine<br />
business and collecting good profits for little sales<br />
talks to their customers. It is high time that plumbers<br />
step in and take more of the business as they are from<br />
day to day entering the homes of the prospects and are<br />
in a position to know exactly what is needed to make<br />
the operation of a washing machine in each home convenient<br />
and satisfactory. Further, the plumbers have in<br />
their employ men competent to make the necessary water<br />
and waste connections and are therefore the logical men<br />
to sell and install the machines.<br />
To much stress cannot be put on the need of plumbers<br />
actually participating in the sale of these machines, as<br />
there are records of firms selling 150 machines to a population<br />
of 3500 families in a period of 2 years lhat<br />
means real dollar profits on good, clean, satisfactory<br />
business. , . ...<br />
There is no mysterious method employed in selling<br />
them Advertise them and be prepared to explain their<br />
(Continued on page 578)
564 PLUMBERANDSTEAMFITTER December 17. 1920<br />
Highway Transportation Show Big Ev<br />
Special Educational Features to Prevail—Accident Prevention, Traffic<br />
Control, Highway Transportation and Relation of the Truck to the<br />
Farm, All Features Which Are to Be Given Special Consideration<br />
New York City's 1921 Highway Transportation Show<br />
will be the most novel, different and spectacular exhibition<br />
that has ever been witnessed in the history of<br />
New York motor circles. The plan of the show, which<br />
will be held from January 3 to 8 inclusive, at the 12th<br />
Regiment Armory, Sixty-second street and Columbus<br />
avenue, embraces a program consisting of a series of<br />
special days ; and each day will rival the other in making<br />
itself the day of the biggest event during the show.<br />
Monday, January 3, is to be "Opening Day;" Tuesday,<br />
"Army Day ;" Wednesday, "Motor Accident Prevention<br />
Day;" Thursday, "Highway Transportation<br />
Day;" Friday, "Farmers' Day," and Saturday, "Motor<br />
Truck Association Day."<br />
Altogether, the Highway Transportation Show, which<br />
will be held under the auspices of the Motor Truck Association<br />
of America, Inc., is certain to be of great interest<br />
to the city of New York. Show Week will be a<br />
week of such educational value to motor truck users and<br />
the general public that it will be well worth the price of<br />
admission.<br />
The Show Committee states that it is the real desire<br />
of the Motor Truck Association that the general public,<br />
as well a.s the motor truck users, attend the show ; and<br />
the program of events for the six consecutive days is<br />
planned to be of interest to young and old, business man<br />
and farmer. Many attractions are scheduled which<br />
will be of interest to the entire family—mother, dad and<br />
the children. Says the Show Committee: "There is no<br />
reason why interest in the motor truck and highway<br />
transportation should be confined to the head of the<br />
family."<br />
Like the railway, the motor truck has become a common<br />
carrier and is rapidly becoming a medium of great<br />
convenience for every community and for every entire<br />
family within that community. The school boy of<br />
to-day is the builder of the great American highway of<br />
to-morrow, which will see the motor truck systematically<br />
co-operating with the railways and waterways for<br />
the greater prosperity of America.<br />
It is thought that the purposes of the show are of such<br />
a nature and of such broad scope that no avenue of<br />
endeavor but what will be influenced by their final accomplishment.<br />
The basic reasons and purposes for holding this show<br />
are identical with those advocated by the Motor Truck<br />
Association of America; and are as follows:<br />
BASIC PURPOSES OF MOTOR SHOW<br />
educational addresses by many national and eminent<br />
authorities on the absorbing subjects of the present day.<br />
Letters are pouring in daily to the Highway Transportation<br />
Show Headquarters, 144 West Sixty-fifth<br />
street, requesting information and the Show Committee<br />
states that it is particularly gratifying to note the interest<br />
that is being taken in the coming show. Particularly<br />
is this satisfying, in view of the fact that New<br />
York is the greatest motor truck market in the world,<br />
and probably the greatest user of the motor truck. It<br />
is estimated that there are over 35,000 motor truck users<br />
in this city alone.<br />
It is contemplated that the exhibits will contain a<br />
number of special educational features on a scale which<br />
has never been attempted in a motor show heretofore.<br />
It is the plan of the Committee that there will be a<br />
magnificant display depicting the evolution of transportation,<br />
starting from the time man first conceived the vehicle<br />
of transportation, and ending with the present day<br />
and the newest method of transportation now. employed—The<br />
Motor Truck. It is probable that this display<br />
will also embrace all present methods of transportation<br />
; i. e., the railway, waterway, airway and highway.<br />
MOTOR ACCIDENT PREVENTION<br />
1. To further demonstrate, both through discussion and dis<br />
A new innovation in the Highway Transportation<br />
Show is "Motor Accident Prevention Day." Traffic<br />
control is now being made a considerable study by our<br />
larger cities; and particularly is this true in New York.<br />
The Motor Truck Association desires to co-operate with<br />
New York City in minimizing the number of accidents<br />
daily, caused by careless drivers and a lack of knowledge<br />
on the part of the public of traffic regulations. Commissioner<br />
Enright, in his recent speech before the Motor<br />
Truck Association, says:<br />
When traffic, and particu'arly commercial traffic is stagnated,<br />
this city will begin to lose its commercial supremacy—for business,<br />
once driven from the city, due to inadequate transportation<br />
facilities within our business districts, will never return;<br />
and, furthermore, the cost of handling the business of this<br />
city, with the tremendous increase in overhead expenses chargeable<br />
to traffic congestion and resulting delays in the transportation<br />
and delivery of goods, will make it manifestly impossible<br />
for our merchants to compete with business concerns of a similar<br />
nature in other localities, who are not subjected to these<br />
conditions and unnecessary expense.<br />
The advent of the motor truck and motor car, which has been<br />
of such immense benefit, both for commerce and pleasure, to<br />
the people of this city, now threatens, by its growth and immensity,<br />
to produce a harvest of dragon's teeth.<br />
The number of these machines using the city streets are inplay,<br />
the necessity and advantages of a National Highway Syscreasing so rapidly that at certain hours in the day they create<br />
tem which will support the general and economic use of the a virtual blockade en masse, which is almost beyond human<br />
motor truck.<br />
ingenuity to control. The result is a slowing down of the<br />
2. To educate motor truck users.<br />
very thing they are intended to speed up—viz; the transaction<br />
3. To further educate the general public in the economic ad ot business and the facility of commerce and traffic.<br />
vantages derived in the employment of the motor truck as a It is the hope of the Motor Truck Association that<br />
means of transport.<br />
this day will be of considerable assistance to the city<br />
Included in the program are a series of contests offer in its campaign of education of the public.<br />
ing valuable prizes to the winner. These contests will Vieing with this day will be "Highway Transportation<br />
pertain particularly to the special days on which they Day; and will mean a united effort on the part of many<br />
will be conducted. As soon as detailed plans are com <strong>org</strong>anizations interested, who have advocated a National<br />
pleted, rules and awards for these contests will be made Highway System. The Motor Truck Association is<br />
public. The program also contemplates a series of strongly in favor of highways that "start somewhere<br />
and end somewhere," (Continued and on the Page proposed 578)<br />
system of con-
December 17. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
New Treatment of Hot Water Heatin<br />
Comprehensive Information on the Factors Governing<br />
Circulation and Their Application to Heating Buildings<br />
By EDWARD E. PARKER<br />
PART XI<br />
Although the building of chimneys is usually outside<br />
the province of the heating contractor, a good chimney<br />
is a very essential factor in any successful heating plant,<br />
and the necessity for it cannot be too strongly insisted<br />
upon. No heating apparatus can give proper results<br />
if the draught is poor, and a large proportion of the<br />
complaints which come to every heating contractor are<br />
due to some chimney defect.<br />
The contractor should therefore always insert a clause<br />
in his proposals to the effect that "The owner must furnish<br />
a chimney flue of such size and character as to insure<br />
an active draught, and no guarantee as to the performance<br />
of the apparatus shall hold good unless this<br />
condition is complied with."<br />
Even the insertion of such a clause in the contract<br />
is only a partial protection to the contractor, as there is<br />
no one more difficult to convince than a dissatisfied customer<br />
that there is something the matter with the draught<br />
,,*-"<br />
_„«»'''<br />
1<br />
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i<br />
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1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
f \<br />
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FIG. 37 SMOKE PIPES AR- FIG. 38 METHOD OF CON-<br />
RANGED TO AVOAD CHOKING NECTING SEVERAL PIPES TO<br />
DRAFT ONE FLUE<br />
in his chimney. He contends that the draught is excellent<br />
and to prove it holds a candle up to some crack in the<br />
chimney and asks you to notice how tbe flame is deflected<br />
toward it. Then there are his coal bills, visible<br />
proof of the immense amount of fuel that the thing consumes.<br />
In spite of the popular belief, neither of these tests is<br />
of any great value in determining the efficiency of a<br />
chimney. The first simply shows that there is a flow oi<br />
air into the chimney through some small opening, wholly<br />
regardless of the fact that the draught to be effective in<br />
removing the gases of combustion from some hundreds<br />
of square inches of fire, must have volume as well as intensity.<br />
The combustible in ordinary coal is mostly carbon<br />
and hydrogen. In combustion a chemical action takes<br />
place in which these elements combine with the oxygen<br />
in the air and heat is the result. Chemists tell us that<br />
carbon always combines with other elements in weights<br />
of 12, or some multiple of that number, while oxygen<br />
unites in weights of 16 or its multiples. Carbon unites<br />
with oxygen in two ways, one where 1 lb. of carbon<br />
unites with iy lbs. of oxygen and produces carbon monoxide.<br />
In this process 4450 B. t. u. are evolved. In the<br />
other 1 lb. of carbon unites with 2% lbs. of oxygen and<br />
1<br />
i<br />
i<br />
i<br />
i<br />
1<br />
i<br />
i<br />
i<br />
i<br />
1<br />
the result is carbon dioxide and heat amounting to 14600<br />
H. t. u. The hydrogen in the fuel unites with the oxygen<br />
in the air in equal weights, and united in that proportion<br />
is wholly consumed. If that amount of oxygen<br />
is not available when the coal is burned, the hydrogen<br />
passes away up the chimney and is a total loss.<br />
It will thus be seen that 1 lb. of coal burned under<br />
conditions where an insufficient quantity of oxygen is<br />
supplied, produces less than one third of the heat that<br />
it should and to burn fuel effectively and economically,<br />
a large amount of air must pass through the fire and<br />
up the chimney, the oxygen in about 300 cu. ft. of air<br />
being necessary to burn 1 lb. of coal with efficiency and<br />
economy.<br />
The expansion of this air, caused by the heat from the<br />
fire as it passes through it makes the air in the chimney<br />
much lighter than an equal volume of outside air, and<br />
so it is pushed up the chimney by exactly the same force<br />
as that, which it has already been shown, causes the circulation<br />
of water. The cold air which pushes the hot<br />
air up the chimney goes through the burning fuel, where<br />
it parts with its oxygen is heated in the process, passes<br />
into the chimney from which it is ejected, to make way<br />
for the fresh air which the force of gravity compels to<br />
follow the same route.<br />
It will thus be seen that the wasted air from combustion<br />
must not only move rapidly up the chimney but<br />
the flue must be of sufficient area so that the quantity of<br />
air necessary to produce complete combustion over the<br />
entire surface of the grate may pass easily through it,<br />
and also that it is not in the interest of economy to attempt<br />
to keep outgoing gases at too low a temperature.<br />
The heating contractor is often compelled to take the<br />
chimney flue as it is and make the best of it, but he<br />
should do his best to impress upon owners and architects,<br />
the value of good chimneys and protest against<br />
having the draught of the hot water heater ruined by<br />
connecting open water closet and gas lieater vents into<br />
the same flue.<br />
SIZE OF CHIMNEY FLUES FOR BOILEKS<br />
A round flue with an area one tenth that of the grate<br />
is a good size. As smoke always ascends in a spiral,<br />
a square flue is no more effective than a round one with<br />
20 per cent less area. Round, square and oblong flues<br />
are effective in the order named.<br />
The following table by William Kent is often used<br />
by architects in determining the size of chimney flues<br />
necessary in heating work. The figures given under the<br />
varying height of chimneys are the theoretical diameters<br />
of round flues or the sides of square ones necessary to<br />
properly do the work. In practice the flue should be the<br />
next size larger than the dimension given, as determined<br />
by the size of bricks or the commercial dimensions of<br />
tile linings.<br />
While proper area and sufficient height are essential<br />
to an efficient chimney flue, these alone are not enough<br />
to insure an active draught. Buildings or trees higher<br />
than the top of the chimney often cause the wind to<br />
eddy down upon it, causing a poor draught. If the
566 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 17, 1920<br />
chimney cannot well be carried high enough to escape<br />
these eddies, a cowl such as any competent sheet iron<br />
worker can make, will be likely to cure the trouble, but<br />
it should be of such a size as not to obstruct the flow of<br />
air.<br />
When there are two or three flues in the same chimney,<br />
holes through which the air can leak from one flue<br />
to another will seriously retard the draught.<br />
Too much care cannot be taken when the chimney is<br />
Diameter of Chimneys for Heating Boilers<br />
Direct Radiation<br />
<strong>Steam</strong><br />
in Sq.<br />
Feet<br />
250<br />
500<br />
750<br />
1000<br />
1500<br />
2000<br />
3000<br />
4000<br />
5000<br />
6000<br />
7000<br />
8000<br />
9000<br />
10000<br />
Water<br />
in Sq.<br />
Feet<br />
375<br />
750<br />
1150<br />
1500<br />
2250<br />
3000<br />
4500<br />
6000<br />
7500<br />
9000<br />
10500<br />
12000<br />
13500<br />
15000<br />
20 ft.<br />
7.4<br />
9.6<br />
11.3<br />
12.8<br />
15.2<br />
17.2<br />
20.6<br />
23.6<br />
26.<br />
28.4<br />
30.4<br />
32.4<br />
34.0<br />
37.<br />
30 ft.<br />
7.<br />
9.2<br />
10.8<br />
12.<br />
14.4<br />
16.3<br />
IS.5<br />
22 2<br />
24.6<br />
26.8<br />
28.8<br />
30.6<br />
32.4<br />
34.<br />
Height of Chimney Flue<br />
40 ft.<br />
6.7<br />
8.8<br />
10.2<br />
11.4<br />
13.4<br />
15.2<br />
18.2<br />
20.8<br />
23.<br />
25.<br />
27.<br />
28.6<br />
30.4<br />
32.<br />
50 ft.<br />
6.4<br />
8.2<br />
9.6<br />
10.8<br />
12.8<br />
14.5<br />
17.2<br />
19.6<br />
21.6<br />
23.4<br />
25.5<br />
26.8<br />
28.4<br />
30.<br />
60 ft.<br />
6.2<br />
8.<br />
9.3<br />
10.5<br />
12.4<br />
14.<br />
16.6<br />
19.<br />
21.<br />
22.8<br />
24.4<br />
26.<br />
27.4<br />
28.6<br />
80 ft.<br />
6.<br />
6.6<br />
8.8<br />
10.<br />
11.5<br />
13.2<br />
15.8<br />
17.8<br />
19.4<br />
21.2<br />
'3.<br />
24.2<br />
25.6<br />
27.0<br />
built to see that each flue is tight from top to bottom.<br />
For that reason the inside of each flue should be plastered<br />
or better still, provided with a round tile lining.<br />
As the activity of the draught depends upon keeping<br />
the ascending gases as warm as possible, chimneys<br />
should never be built on the outside of buildings, where<br />
it is possible to avoid it.<br />
An outside chimney should never have less than an<br />
8-in. wall on the exposed sides, and if there is a thickness<br />
of tile inside, so much the better.<br />
The smoke pipe leading from the heater into the<br />
chimney should be as direct as possible and not reduced<br />
in size beyond the proportion already mentioned. Care<br />
should be taken that it does not project into the chimney<br />
flue so as to reduce the size of the smoke passage. Every<br />
fire should have a separate flue, but where this is impossible,<br />
a tight damper should be placed in each smoke<br />
pipe so that no cold air can leak into the flue when that<br />
fixture is not in use.<br />
INDICATION OF IMPERFECT COMBUSTION<br />
Coal tar leaking out from the joints of the smoke pipe<br />
is a sure sign of imperfect combustion and indicates<br />
that something is wrong with the draught. If the flue<br />
has sufficient area, there is a chance that it is clogged<br />
with soot higher up, and care should be taken to see that<br />
the obstruction is removed. If the contractor is compelled<br />
to do his best with a poor flue, he should select a<br />
heater with the smoke passages as direct and open as<br />
possible, even at the sacrifice of what, under more favorable<br />
conditions, would be valuable fire surface.<br />
If, of necessity, several fires must be taken care of by<br />
the same flue, stopping off the flow of smoke so as to<br />
direct it upward, as shown in Fig. 37 and 38 will often<br />
prove a great benefit.<br />
If the two flues in the chimney are connected together<br />
below the entrance of the smoke pipe of the heater, the<br />
flue should be stopped off with a sheet iron plate and the<br />
cracks cemented.<br />
An opening of this sort can often be demonstrated by<br />
putting a piece of burning paper into one opening while<br />
the hot gases from the heater are going into the other<br />
ooening. If the flame is deflected downward, it is proof<br />
that somewhere below is an opening into the heated flue.<br />
Hard coal of stove or egg size is the standard fuel<br />
throughout the eastern portion of the United States,<br />
and is the fuel on which it is usual to rate the capacity of<br />
hot water heaters.<br />
INFORMATION ON FUEL<br />
From 4 to 8 lb. of coal per hour should be burned<br />
in cold weather on each square foot of grate.<br />
If necessary to use a fuel of inferior thermal value<br />
or a coal that cakes readily, thus retarding the passage<br />
of air through the fire to the chimney, a heater with a<br />
larger grate area will be needed. In all cases the fire<br />
pot should be kept full of fuel, no matter what the rate<br />
of combustion may be, so that the fire will be kept up<br />
to the point where it will do its work most effectually,<br />
which is up within a reasonable distance of the crown<br />
sheet of the heater.<br />
In cold weather when it is necessary to use the heater<br />
HEAT VALUE OF VARIOUS FUELS<br />
State<br />
Alabama<br />
Alabama<br />
Alabama<br />
Arkansas<br />
Arkansas<br />
Colorado<br />
Colorado<br />
Colorado<br />
Illinois<br />
Illinois<br />
Illinois<br />
Illinois<br />
Illinois<br />
Illinois<br />
Illinois<br />
Illinois<br />
Illinois<br />
Indiana<br />
Iowa<br />
lowa<br />
Kansas<br />
Kansas<br />
Kansas<br />
Kentucky<br />
Kentucky<br />
J^enturky<br />
Maryland<br />
Marvland<br />
Maryland<br />
Missouri<br />
Missouri<br />
New Mexico<br />
Ohio<br />
Obio<br />
Oklahoma<br />
Pennsyh ania<br />
Pennsvlvania<br />
Pennsylvania<br />
Pennsvlvania<br />
Pennsvlvania<br />
Pennsvlvania<br />
Pennsvlvania<br />
Pennsvlvania<br />
Pennsvlvaria<br />
Pennsylvania<br />
Pennsylvania<br />
Pennsvlvania<br />
Pennsylvania<br />
Pennsylvania<br />
Pennsvlvania<br />
Tennessee<br />
Texas<br />
Virginia<br />
Washington<br />
West Virginia<br />
West Virginia<br />
Location or Name of<br />
Mine<br />
Kind of Coal<br />
Bibb County<br />
Bituminous<br />
Jefferson County . Bituminous<br />
Pratt. City<br />
Bituminous<br />
Huntington Countv . . Bituminous<br />
Coal Hill<br />
Bituminous<br />
T as Aruruas County. . Bituminous<br />
Trinidad District. . . . Bituminous<br />
Routt County. .<br />
Bituminous<br />
Vermillion County. . Bituminous<br />
Peoria County<br />
Bituminous<br />
Staunton County. . Bituminous<br />
Williamson County. . . Bituminous<br />
Franklin Countv<br />
Bituminous<br />
St. Clair County<br />
Bituminous<br />
Tontine<br />
Bituminous<br />
Mount Olive<br />
Bituminous<br />
Christopher<br />
Bituminous<br />
Block<br />
Bituminous<br />
Milwaukee Pea. . . . Bituminous<br />
What Cheer<br />
Bituminous<br />
Cherokee County. . Bituminous<br />
TCnglevale<br />
Bituminous<br />
Crawford County Bituminous<br />
Hookins Countv<br />
Bituminous<br />
Bell Countv. . .' Bituminous<br />
Hiller<br />
Bituminous<br />
Barrelhille<br />
Bituminous<br />
West Virginia<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e's Creek<br />
Bituminous<br />
Can-eft Hocking County Valley.<br />
Bituminous<br />
Iackson Bevier County<br />
Bituminous<br />
Elstcn Cool<br />
Bituminous<br />
Wvoming District Bituminous<br />
«rhuyll-ill Pegion Bituminous<br />
p<br />
lvmouth Mine<br />
Bituminous<br />
Pittston<br />
Bituminous<br />
Scranton<br />
Anthracite<br />
Mid Valley<br />
Anthracite<br />
Kingston<br />
Anthracite<br />
T.ehigh District. . Anthracite<br />
Allegheny County Anthracite<br />
Cambria County". Anthracite<br />
r'unxatawr'ev<br />
Anthracite<br />
Voughioghen-c.<br />
Anthracite<br />
Somerset Countv. . . . Bituminous<br />
Clearfield County Bituminous<br />
West Newton<br />
Bituminous<br />
Campbell Countv. . . . Bituminous<br />
Fort Worth , . . . Bituminous<br />
Tazewell Co. Pocahontas Bituminous<br />
Carbon Hill<br />
Bituminous<br />
Raleigh Countv<br />
Bituminous<br />
Pnvette.<br />
Bituminous<br />
Elk Garden " ] Bituminous<br />
Aharon & Smithers. Bituminous<br />
Oregon. Cepis & Welsh. Bituminous<br />
New River<br />
Bituminous<br />
Bituminous<br />
Bituminous<br />
-West Virginia<br />
Bituminous<br />
West Virginia<br />
West Virginia<br />
Coal Gas<br />
Coke<br />
Wood<br />
Peat<br />
Petroleum<br />
Bituminous<br />
Value in<br />
B. T. V. perlh.<br />
12.232 to 14,537<br />
13,383 to 14.353<br />
13. 9 to 14.500<br />
12.100 to 12.550<br />
11,600 to 11.S20<br />
12.300 to 12,600<br />
12.450 to 13,100<br />
12.30C to 12,900<br />
11.321 to 11,440<br />
losno to 13.373<br />
12.152 to 12,546<br />
11.022 to 12,110<br />
12,250 to 12.791<br />
10.150 to 11,085<br />
10.000 to 11.000<br />
11,200 to 11,800<br />
11.100 to 11.500<br />
10.200 to 10,450<br />
10.000 to 10,300<br />
S.COO to S.400<br />
12.132 to 13,966<br />
11.020 to 12.547<br />
12,000 to 13.100<br />
11.500 to 12.000<br />
12.500 to 13.050<br />
13.500 to 14,000<br />
14,100 to 14.400<br />
13,011 to 14,397<br />
13.S00 to 14.000<br />
0,800 to 10.000<br />
12.500 to 12.700<br />
11.500 to 11,800<br />
13.000 to 13,300<br />
11,500 to 11.700<br />
11,000 to 11.200<br />
11.500 to 12,000<br />
10.642 to 12.180<br />
13.071 to 13.581<br />
11.215 to 12.386<br />
10,500 to 12,000<br />
12.228 to 12,995<br />
13,440 to 14,000<br />
12.500 to 13.100<br />
12.S27 to 13.824<br />
14.435 to 14.936<br />
14,301 to 14.755<br />
12.370 to 13.778<br />
14.478 to 14.853<br />
:4.247 to 14,597<br />
2.106 to 12.400<br />
3.050 to 14.500<br />
",450 to 11,800<br />
4,460 to 14.650<br />
2,200 to 12.850<br />
4.666 to 15.177<br />
4,950 to 15.363<br />
3,000 to 14,100<br />
2,..00 to 14,295<br />
3,025 to 14,867<br />
.4,450 to 14 700<br />
23,513<br />
3,550<br />
7,702<br />
0,051<br />
27,531<br />
at. or near its capacity, the ashes should be shaken down<br />
so that there will be a clean bright fire the whole depth<br />
of the fire pot. Care should be taken to see that the<br />
ashes do not pile up in the ashpit, so as to cut off the<br />
flow of fresh air to all parts of the grate, as this will<br />
not only interfere with the fire but will soon ruin the<br />
grate itself. The flue surface throughout the heater<br />
should be carefully looked after to see tbat the soot is
December 17, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
not allowed to accumulate, as the soot will very seriously<br />
impair both the service and the efficiency of the heater.<br />
Will Hold Triple Convention<br />
The preceding table gives the theoretical value of<br />
various fuels, as determined by the calorimeter.<br />
This is a double walled vessel which is immersed in a<br />
tank of water. Within the inner vessel is placed a cartridge<br />
or shell. A small quantity of fuel is powdered<br />
and put into this cartridge, together with a sufficient<br />
quantity of oxygen to make complete combustion. The<br />
charge is then ignited by means of an electric spark<br />
and, as the combustion takes place the vessel is revolved<br />
so that the surrounding water comes in contact with the<br />
heated surface. A thermometer in the water records<br />
the initial temperature and finally the maximum temper<br />
A triple convention of the National Supply and<br />
Machinery Dealers' Association, the Southern Supply<br />
and Machinery Dealers' Association and the<br />
American Supply and Machinery Manufacturers' Association<br />
will be held at Atlantic City, May 16, 17<br />
and 18, 1921, with headquarters for' all three associations<br />
to be at the Marlborough-Blenheim Hotel.<br />
This i.s the first time that the three <strong>org</strong>anizations<br />
have participated in a joint convention since<br />
the Pittsburgh convention of 1916. Since that year<br />
the Southern Supply and Machinery Association has<br />
held its own conventions, and original plans had<br />
ature to which the water has been raised. As the water called for a continuance of this plan for 1921. How<br />
has been carefully weighed, it is easy to establish how ever, because of the weighty problems before the<br />
many B. t. u. have been put into each pound of water industry throughout the country, the executive com<br />
and consequently the thermal value of tbe fuel tested. mittee of the association decided at a conference<br />
Perhaps the time is not far distant when the ordinary last week to accept the invitation of the two other<br />
house holder will buy his coal, not by the ton but as <strong>org</strong>anizations to meet with them in Atlantic City.<br />
many large consumers are now buying it, on the B. t. u.<br />
basis as determined by chemical analysis.<br />
HEAT VALUE OF VARIOUS FUELS<br />
One cubic foot of anthracite coal weighs 50 lb.; bituminous<br />
coal 40 lb. and coke 28 lb.<br />
The following approximations for the use of coal in<br />
the latitude of New York, are taken from Power.<br />
Eighty pounds of coal will supply 1 ft. of radiation<br />
for the season. The grate area x 4.4 gives the tons of<br />
coal for the season. Each cubic foot to be heated will<br />
require 9 lb. of coal for the season.<br />
(To be Continued)<br />
Greeting<br />
We extend to our members and all others engaged<br />
in the Industry our sincere wish that their<br />
Christmas Days may be filled with happiness and<br />
that the New Year may bring to them Peace and<br />
Prosperity.<br />
While the world marks time the minds of men<br />
grope their way through the darkness of War's<br />
aftermath seeking the Light of Peace over roads<br />
strewn with barriers seemingly new and impassable.<br />
Are these barriers new or are they not the same<br />
that have impeded the World's progress since the<br />
beginning of time?<br />
Have we discovered new remedies for evil or<br />
must we go back to the first principles of law given<br />
on a mountain top by a Creator to His struggling<br />
people?<br />
Shall men in public and private life trample the<br />
rights of others or shall the Rule of Might give<br />
place to the Golden Rule?<br />
Shall this nation confess its inability to meet and<br />
solve the problems of reconstruction after our<br />
splendid service rendered to the cause of humanity<br />
in the days when civilization was at stake or shall<br />
we, with an abiding faith in a Divine Providence<br />
and a f<strong>org</strong>etfulness of self, apply the real remedy<br />
for a World's unrest?<br />
When we have correctly answered these questions<br />
we will have removed the barriers to a place<br />
that fills the earth with its sunshine.<br />
Three Schoolhouses for New Bedford, Mass.<br />
567<br />
New Bedford, Mass., is planning the erection of<br />
three schoolhouses to cost approximately $2,000,000.<br />
General contracts are soon to be awarded, bids<br />
having been received and the J. W. Bishop Co.,<br />
Worcester, Mass., having submitted the lowest bids.<br />
The bids were $668,356, $658,356 and $566,331 respectively<br />
for the grammar grade buildings.<br />
The city of Quincv, Mass., is considering the erection<br />
of a'$1,000,000 new High school, plans for<br />
which hav not yet been prepared.<br />
No plumbing or heating contracts have been let<br />
in any of them.<br />
From D. F. Durkin, President of the National Association<br />
of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s of the United States, Inc. Evolution of Sanitary Ideas and Needs<br />
(Continued from Page 562)<br />
As a result of our study of the subject of plumbing<br />
we have been impressed by the necessity of having a<br />
state sanitary code covering not only the drainage system<br />
of buildings, but the distribution of water within<br />
buildings as well, together with the disposal of house<br />
sewage especially in the localities where public sewers<br />
do not exist. This code should also contain regulations<br />
concerning other matters, such as the sanitation of<br />
buildings, lighting, ventilation and many other topics<br />
which are commonly classed under the head of housing.<br />
NEED OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY<br />
Although the regulation of plumbing design ought and<br />
is supposed to rest on scientific principles, it is an anomalous<br />
situation that now exists, and science has not yet<br />
given sufficient attention to some of the most fundamental<br />
of plumbing problems.<br />
The siphoning of traps, the downward flow of liquids<br />
and solids, the displacement of air in vertical soil stacks.<br />
the velocity of air in vent pipes, the ventilation of watercloset<br />
compartments, the design of fixtures, the effect of<br />
the use of flush valves on the flow of water in the pipes,<br />
the necessary thickness of cast-iron pipe and fittings,<br />
and so on, are problems which require greater study.<br />
Plumbing rules to-day are based on experience, not<br />
on scientific theory. Scientific research in this field is.<br />
therefore greatly needed.
568 PLUMBFR AND STEAM FITTER December 17. 1920<br />
The Light of Others' Experience<br />
There is no need to travel the dark hard road of<br />
business blindly, if one will be guided by the light of<br />
others' experience. That applies to you antl to me,<br />
equally as it does to our neighbour. All too often are<br />
we prone to disregard or fail to appreciate the teachings<br />
of others' experience. The opportunities thus<br />
wasted, we have, after months and often years of<br />
work, arrived at just where we might have started.<br />
The* first article of this issue gives the conclusion in<br />
regard to window display of nearly a half century of<br />
business experience in the plumbing and steam fitting<br />
industry. It should stand out as a beacon light to<br />
tliose who are uncertain as to display value.<br />
Keep the Public Informed<br />
In all communities where Trade Extension Bureau<br />
work is being carried on, the utmost publicity should<br />
be given to this work. The public must be made to<br />
understand that while this work is primarily to increase<br />
the profits and welfare of the plumbing industry, this<br />
is not to be accomplished by exorbitant rates or<br />
prices, or restraint of competition, but rather by sound,<br />
consistent charges for work efficiently and well done<br />
and the elimination of waste. The past has witnessed<br />
gross misunderstanding of plumbing and the plumber,<br />
resulting in unjust criticism, misrepresentation, in<br />
malignacy and ridicule, completely blanking worthy<br />
efforts of the industry, thus branding it with the stigma<br />
of ill repute. A start has been made that offers<br />
every promise of clearing up false impressions held<br />
in the past and opening up an era of better conditions<br />
for all. There is no room for any misunderstanding<br />
of the object of tbe Trade Extension Bureau work.<br />
Christmas Greetings<br />
This the last number of this journal before Christmas<br />
carries to every reader the heartiest and most<br />
cordial good wishes of the editors and publishers for<br />
a Happy Christmas Season. Accompanying these good<br />
wi.shes is the hope that the coming year will bring its<br />
full share of health, happiness and prosperitv to all.<br />
And this message although addressed to all is intended<br />
as an individual message to every reader. The editors<br />
may hardly hope to meet every reader of this journal<br />
personally but there is no reason why there should not<br />
be a feeling of closest intimacy between them. In fact<br />
there is every reason why there should be a close bond<br />
of friendship between reader and editor on any trade<br />
journal. The entire time and attention of the editor<br />
is devoted to placing before the reader through thc<br />
journal information which will be of the greatest help<br />
to him. To be successful in his work he must be sincerely<br />
in sympathy with the problems of the readers<br />
of his journal and ever ready to help them with any<br />
and all problems they may submit to him. On the other<br />
hand the reader should feel that his trade journal is<br />
a source of information through which he may obtain<br />
a great deal of valuable information to help him in<br />
the conduct of his business and he should also look<br />
upon it as a free information bureau which is not only<br />
willing but even anxious to help him out on any prob<br />
lem be it a shop, office or buyng difficulty. Thus this<br />
journal not only avails itself of this opportunity to<br />
express hearty good wishes for health, happiness and<br />
prosperity to its readers, but also to impress upon its<br />
readers its desire to do everything within its power to<br />
bring them a happy and prosperous business condition.<br />
Opening the New Year<br />
Certainty that all of the new year will be as the man<br />
at the head of the business desires that it should be,<br />
can only be realized if the course laid down will insure<br />
tlie desired outcome. Happiness for the new year depends<br />
upon the success of the enterprise. Success is always<br />
built on the strict observance of sound business<br />
principles. This is the time of year to realize that drifting<br />
along and taking business as it comes is so widely<br />
practised that the majority of tradesmen are not successful<br />
in the true meaning of the word. They are making a<br />
living but carrying with it risks and responsibilities far<br />
in excess of those who are wage workers and thrifty<br />
enough to save and utilize their spare time in conducting<br />
small enterprises, adding to their financial strength.<br />
Many men who have always commanded good wages<br />
and who have been careful and thrifty are in a better<br />
position to retire than men who in their old age find<br />
their business has not paid well, that it is impossible to<br />
realize on their holdings and, when forced to retire,<br />
their condition i.s pitiable. There is no need for such<br />
an end for any business man now actively serving the<br />
people's need. This year finds many manufacturing<br />
concerns co-operating in the advance of movements for<br />
general trade betterment. A notable instance in our<br />
field is the Xational Trade Extension Bureau and to be<br />
ignorant of its service and value is a neglect for which<br />
there is no excuse. A part of the new year enterprise<br />
for old established and new beginners as business men<br />
is to cast loose from old moorings which have profited<br />
neither the tradesman nor his customers and grasp the<br />
newly made opportunities that sound sales campaigns<br />
are offering to all who are alert to render the greatest<br />
service in their fields.
December 17. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 569<br />
Information Exchange for Readers' Problems<br />
Ask your fellow readers through these columns for their<br />
help on your problems—Help them in turn on theirs<br />
Sink Waste Troubles<br />
From C. T. B., Pa.—I notice an inquiry in your paper<br />
of October 8, about sink waste troubles, and an answer<br />
given in the issue of November 5. The man that makes<br />
the inquiry, and the man giving the answer are not<br />
practical men at their business or they would bave discovered<br />
the cause and the remedy without applying for<br />
assistance.<br />
We venture an answer to the problem, not so much<br />
to give assistance to the men concerned, as for the<br />
SINK WASTE TROUBLES<br />
health of the householder that must tolerate men of that<br />
class to install work on their premises that is detrimental<br />
to the life and well-being of those occupying the<br />
house.<br />
There are several defects in this job that could be<br />
overcome by men that have made tbeir business a study<br />
and a part of themselves. And for tbe benefit of the<br />
occupants of the building, I venture a sketch that will<br />
help to overcome in a large measure the trouble complained<br />
of. Without going into detail, the man that<br />
follows the information given from time to time in the<br />
trade papers will soon be able to overcome just such<br />
defects as these.<br />
Trouble with Water Back in Range<br />
From F. N., New York—In answer to "F. R. T.,"<br />
Vermont, issue of November 19, analyzing the situation<br />
as given bv him, I am of the opinion that there can be<br />
only one cause for the bursting of the water fronts and<br />
that is pressure from within. Notwithstanding his pressure<br />
gauges, he will find that during the night the pressure<br />
runs up—and this can happen in only one way.<br />
The pressure reducer leaks. It may be so little that it is<br />
not noticeable in the daytime because water being drawn<br />
keeps the pressure down, but at night the pressure from<br />
all the mains is much higher so that the water is forced<br />
through the reducer and this causes all of the trouble.<br />
To remedy this is another question for, while he might<br />
put in a reducer that would not leak on the start, a particle<br />
of dirt or some scale from the inside of the pipe<br />
might cause a slight leak in a few hours after it was put<br />
in.<br />
He can prove or disprove my theory by taking the<br />
trouble to have the gauge watched and see if the pressure<br />
does not run up. If it does, it certainly proves that the<br />
pressure reducer leaks. I know of only one absolute<br />
remedy, and that is to shut the water off from the main<br />
during the night, or if nothing else gives him trouble<br />
but the water front, to shut that off by stopping the city<br />
water going into the kitchen boiler.<br />
From H J., 111.—Referring to the query of "F. R.<br />
T.," Vermont, in the issue of November 19, I wish to<br />
state that I think the trouble is due to either a leaky<br />
pressure reducer or a relief valve which is stuck or to<br />
both of them, as at night there is no water being used<br />
and the pressure runs up to 130 lb., and when a little<br />
fire is left in the heater, as there will be at this time<br />
of year, the pressure is likelv to run up to several hundred<br />
pounds, which of course will do one or two things,<br />
except open the relief valve.<br />
There is no such thing as a dependable relief valve<br />
unless it be tried every night. And if that is done, the<br />
relief valve will leak' which is a nuisance. The only<br />
other thing reliable is mercury, and a relief valve built<br />
on the order of the Honeywell pressure valve would be<br />
the only thing which could be depended on for relief<br />
valve, as the pressure is held in check by the weight of<br />
mercury and cannot get stuck.<br />
I would suggest that "F. R. T." hitch a pressure recording<br />
instrument on the line, or if no such animal is<br />
on hand in a small town, any kind of a pressure gauge<br />
will do. An automobile tire gauge is just as good as<br />
any recording instrument, as it will not return to zero.<br />
If that is not to be had or not practical, he could use a<br />
hi
570 PLUMBERAND STEAM FITTER December 17, 1920<br />
It is very possible that at the time the water back was<br />
installed the plumber was made to fix those leaky<br />
faucets which of course made things come up to pressure,<br />
therefore the trouble has resulted ever since.<br />
Cracked Boiler Sections<br />
From B. T. M. C, Maine—Will you please tell<br />
me what makes section boilers get so much strain on<br />
them and break? About 6 years ago I put in a hotwater<br />
heater for a customer. It was a sectional<br />
heater with a top header and two side headers, the<br />
kind that has a threaded nipple, and lock nuts to<br />
make the headers fast to boiler and watertight.<br />
About 3 weeks ago a section sprung a leak, and I<br />
found it was cracked, so I started to take off the<br />
front section. It was the second one that was<br />
cracked. When I put a big wrench on the front<br />
nipple to unscrew it, "blam" went the top header.<br />
It broke right off, and the top of the front section<br />
sprung out about 3 in. All tbe rest of the sections<br />
seemed to be under just the same strain, and the<br />
owner niaintains that it was my fault because the<br />
front section broke the header.<br />
Can you tell me what made this break, and how<br />
I might have taken this boiler down without any<br />
danger of the sections breaking or breaking the<br />
headers, if there is any possible way that that<br />
could be done?<br />
The Studimeter<br />
What is the real reason for the manufacturer's<br />
showroom and what is its value to the trade? 527<br />
How can the manufacturer's showroom be made a<br />
source of profit to the plumbing contractor? 528<br />
By what means can the plumber eliminate much<br />
of the discomfort suffered by the housewife in the<br />
warm weather? 529<br />
Why should the plumber have little difficulty in<br />
pushing the sale of water heaters ? 529<br />
How can the odd moments of waiting during the<br />
day be turned to profitable account by the plumber?<br />
530<br />
What action has been recommended by the National<br />
Pipe and Supplies' Association to prevent a misinterpretation<br />
of the term "wrought pipe"? 532<br />
According to the recommendations, what will be<br />
designated as "wrought iron pipe" and as "steel pipe" ?<br />
532<br />
How were the factory wash room and shower fixtures<br />
installed to protect them against frost in the winter ?<br />
533<br />
E. W. Sanborn in Northwest<br />
E. W. Sanborn of Sanborn & Lindeblad, Chicago,<br />
111., has returned from a successful trip<br />
through the Northwest and as Alvin L. is tabulating<br />
the score, "Sandy" is considering the possibilities<br />
of California.<br />
Harold Cross Sees Northwest Trade<br />
Harold Cross, Chicago manager of the U. S.<br />
Sanitary Co., Pittsburgh, Pa., has been "out among<br />
'em" and reports that the Northwest will be<br />
heard from during the coming season.<br />
W. J. Woolley Talks to Atlanta Trades<br />
W. J. Woolley, of the Trade Extension Bureau<br />
spoke for about an hour and a half on the evening<br />
of November 20 to a large and enthusiastic gathering<br />
of the members of the Atlanta Builders' Exchange.<br />
Every trade and calling connected with the Building<br />
business of Atlanta was represented, and all<br />
agreed that Woolley was right, and that the message<br />
he brought them was for their uplift and for<br />
their good and for the good of the building business<br />
generally, and that if the principles taught by him<br />
were carried out all men in any line of contracting<br />
or building would prosper, as men do in other lines<br />
of business. The great trouble in an address of the<br />
kind he delivered is that the fellow who does not<br />
know it all and is willing to learn comes, and the<br />
fellow who does know it al, and doesn't have to<br />
learn any more stays away. It is generally the fellow<br />
who knows it all who is numerous to the Trade.<br />
One of the questions the average plumber in Atlanta<br />
would like to know is why does the manufacturer<br />
protect the jobber in a price and the jobber<br />
not protect the master plumber, and if the jobber<br />
is compelled to sell his goods to any one who comes<br />
to him with the money, why is it not also true that<br />
the manufacturer has to sell to any plumber who<br />
comes to him with the money.<br />
The No. 3 Beaver Jr. Stock<br />
The No. 3 Beaver Jr. stock, manufactured by the<br />
Borden Co., Warren, Ohio, is equipped with separate<br />
dies threading %, y, y, y, 3/4 and 1 in. pipe.<br />
It is a very simple and effective tool, being equipped<br />
Why should the facts brought out in the lecture by<br />
Professor Morehouse be studied carefully by the<br />
plumber? 534<br />
What are the errors of omission which cause the<br />
high up-keep and maintenance cost of motor trucks ?<br />
NO. 3 BEAVER JR. STOCK<br />
with a ratchet which allows of threading quickly<br />
and easily in difficult places. These dies are con<br />
536<br />
structed of a sufficient length to insure having<br />
straight threads and the ratchet mechanism is com-<br />
How could the employment of competent motor pletedly covered, so no grease or dirt can affect the<br />
truck drivers be insured? 537<br />
action of the ratchet. This tool is especially suited<br />
for the requirements of plumbers and steam fitters<br />
What effect have faulty chimneys on the efficient<br />
on jobbing work, being light and having a large<br />
service of the heating boilers? 541<br />
range of capacity.
December 17. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
The Plumbing Industry at Chicago Health Show<br />
Sanitation, Ventilation and Healing Experts Show<br />
Modern Ways to Have Comfort and Prolong Life<br />
All agencies connected with public health matters<br />
combined on November 24 to 29 to show the<br />
people of Chicago what was being done and what<br />
could be done to improve health conditions. The<br />
main floor, annex and balconies of the Coliseum displayed<br />
everything from a model baking plant to a<br />
herd of Togganberg goats, with air conditioning<br />
and sanitary conveniences along the way.<br />
The Crane Co., Chicago, showed some of its high<br />
grade plumbing fixtures, a display consisting of a<br />
Walsyn closet, Vernon leg lavatory with white<br />
Sanitoure trap and supplies, a Modus built in tub<br />
with combination<br />
supply and waste<br />
fixture. For hospital<br />
service a baby's<br />
pedestal bath and a<br />
clinic slop sink with<br />
arm action valves<br />
were shown. The<br />
display was 'arranged<br />
by the plumbing<br />
department of the<br />
Crane Co.'s Chicago<br />
office, and was in<br />
charge of C. R.<br />
Peterson.<br />
A model bathroom<br />
with Pembroke<br />
built-in tub,<br />
pedestal lavatory, siphon jet closet<br />
with accessories in harmony was the<br />
feature of the exhibit of the Standard<br />
Sanitary Manufacturing Co. This arrangement<br />
for beauty, as well as utility,<br />
was made by the company's<br />
Chicago office under the -direction of<br />
A. P. Hendrickson.<br />
Wolff plumbing goods for home and<br />
hospital were included in the exhibit<br />
of the L. Wolff Manufacturing Co., of Chicago, 111.<br />
Arranged around the side walls were a wall-hung closet,<br />
a corner pattern bath tub, drinking fountain, clinic sink,<br />
sitz bath and manicuring table. A wall panel showed a<br />
variety of bathroom accessories.<br />
The Douglass air moistener is a new device for<br />
steam heated houses recommended by the makers,<br />
Thomas J. Douglass Co., 441 North Dearborn<br />
street, Chicago, as a preventive of the dry air diseases.<br />
The device is attached to the radiator, and<br />
will discharge strained steam into a room in proportion<br />
to the pressure or amount desired. It can be<br />
controlled and is said to be odorless, noiseless, and<br />
will not stain walls or furnishings. This moistener<br />
is made in various sizes and is adaptable to any<br />
building where steam heat is used. The advantages<br />
of the device were explained by Frank Norman and<br />
Thomas J. Douglass.<br />
Fresh air at all times without draft or splash of<br />
rain or rift of snow on the window sill or floor<br />
is the way the Prairie adjustable sheet metal ventilator<br />
was described to visitors by C. M. Tinker,<br />
Chicago representative for the Schueler Ventilator<br />
Co., Eureka, 111.<br />
57.<br />
Controlling temperatures in any building, whether<br />
heated by warm air, steam or hot water, were the<br />
purposes of the many devices displayed by the Johnson<br />
Service Co., Milwaukee, Wis., and explained by<br />
G. 11. Blanding. Convenience, comfort and coal<br />
saving were the points to which the spectator's attention<br />
was directed.<br />
A device for heating schools, offices, factories<br />
and other buildings with fresh warmed air is called<br />
the Univent and developed by Moline Heat, Moline,<br />
111. It consists of an enclosed radiator, controlled<br />
dampers and a compact fan and motor. The interesting<br />
points of this exhibit were explained by A. S.<br />
Griswold.<br />
A new device for supplying fresh washed air<br />
for offices, factories, schools, hospitals, restaurants,<br />
stores and churches is called the Peerless<br />
air washer and ventilator<br />
made by the<br />
Peerless Machinery-<br />
Co., 162 North Clinton<br />
street, Chicago.<br />
It looks very much<br />
like a cabinet victrola,<br />
and contains<br />
an intake, a water<br />
spray, a radiator,<br />
motor driven fan<br />
and outlet.<br />
A Novelty smokeless<br />
boiler of the<br />
sectional type, and a<br />
N o v e Ity Fortune<br />
combination coal<br />
gas range made by<br />
the Abram Cox<br />
Stove Co., Phila-<br />
THREE INTERESTING EXHIBITS AT THE CHICAGO HEALTH delphia, Pa., were<br />
SHOW displayed by the<br />
company's Chicago<br />
office. The boiler's carburetor feature, side feed<br />
construction and its ability to burn soft coal, as well as<br />
anthracite, were explained by H. H. Seawell and James<br />
T. Ketchem.<br />
Eliminating the human element from home heating<br />
by using a thermostatically controlled Nokol<br />
fuel oil burner was demonstrated by representatives<br />
of the <strong>Steam</strong> Corporation, Chicago.<br />
How hot water can be produced instantly with a<br />
Humphrey automatic gas water heater was demonstrated<br />
by R. H. Nowlin, representing the Humphrev<br />
Co., Kalamazoo, Mich.<br />
All styles of medicine cabinets, sanitary lockers<br />
made by the Hess Warming & Ventilating Co.;<br />
Chicago, were shown, as well as pipe and pipeless<br />
types of warm-air furnaces which the companv<br />
makes. This booth was presided over by Kenneth<br />
Hess and Walter MacLean.<br />
The Sanisep sewage disposal systems made by the<br />
Cement Products Co., Wilmington, N. C. were explained<br />
bv E. M. Wilkie.<br />
Householders were told by the Everson Filter<br />
Co., 70 West Lake street, Chicago, that improperly<br />
filtered water was dangerous, and representatives point-
572 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 17, 1920<br />
ed out to the public the merits of Everson home filter.<br />
The John Van Range Co., Cincinnati, Ohio,<br />
which specializes in hotel, hospital and institutional<br />
ANOTHER ATTRACTIVE EXHIBIT AT THE CHICAGO HEALTH<br />
SHOW<br />
kitchen equipment, demonstrated its compartment<br />
steamers, portable steam tables, electric food carrier<br />
and gas range for diet kitchens.<br />
How liquid soap can be best provided in public<br />
toilet rooms, schools and factories was shown by the<br />
West Disinfecting Co., Chicago. The soap is put<br />
in a wall tank and branch pipes carry it to the required<br />
place, and a convenient push button allows<br />
the required amount to flow.<br />
The City of Chicago display showing the activities<br />
of the various departments coming under the<br />
direction of Health Commissioner John Dill Robertson<br />
Jwas very extensive. Of particular interest<br />
was the "Black Hole of Calcutta" under the supervision<br />
of Dr. E. V. Hill, which produced various<br />
degrees of air temperature and humidity. Demonstrations<br />
were held at stated hours, and spectators<br />
were invited to test the various atmospheres produced.<br />
Some suggestions on smoke abatement were distributed<br />
in pamphlet form by the department<br />
charged with this work. The effect of smoke on<br />
the human lungs was also shown.<br />
The plumbing department in charge of Thomas<br />
J. Claffy and assisted by L. Hubbard explained that<br />
home made plumbing was a nuisance and not a convenience.<br />
Panels of pictures told stories of conditions<br />
that had been found in Chicago by the department,<br />
and showed the damage done by tree roots<br />
in sewers.<br />
Pipe line insulators of asbestos and cork were<br />
featured in the exhibit of the Armstrong Cork &<br />
Insulation Co., Pittsburgh, Pa., and the company also<br />
showed some various types of floor covering.<br />
Good air conditions were maintained in the Coliseum<br />
during the show by the Watt System of Air<br />
Conditioning, 542 South Dearborn street, Chicago<br />
111.<br />
For positive removal of dirt from the home as<br />
well as from other buildings, visitors were advised<br />
to clean them the Atwood way, with a stationary<br />
vacuum cleaner made by the Atwood-Steward Co<br />
Rockford, 111.<br />
"No towels—No Laundry Bills," was the slogan<br />
of the Corona Airdry Co. Inc., 110 South Dearborn<br />
street, Chicago, 111., which demonstrated its electric<br />
dryer, a device for quickly drying the hands, especially<br />
adapted for public places.<br />
Trenton <strong>Plumber</strong>s Meet December 3<br />
The regular meeting of the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
of Trenton, N. J., was held on Friday evening,<br />
December 3. After disposing of the regular business,<br />
President Harry Greiner stated that through the good<br />
offices of State Vice-president Frank Fell an invitation<br />
had been extended to Frank K. Chew to address the<br />
meeting.<br />
On being introduced, Mr. Chew spoke on many<br />
of the conditions which existed in the trade under the<br />
old trade protection slogan and pointed out that National<br />
President Durkin had called for the allegiance<br />
to the new slogan of "Co-operation," in which everybody<br />
helped everybody. And he stated that the National<br />
Association had been instrumental in providing<br />
the National Trade Extension Bureau, which was the<br />
greatest help that had even come to the plumbing<br />
trade. Mr. Chew urged the members to be thoroughly<br />
familiar with all that the Trade Extension Bureau was<br />
doing and to follow its policies as insuring success<br />
in their ventures.<br />
He stated that the mid-year meeting of the board<br />
of directors of the National Association of Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s would be held in Philadelphia on December<br />
6 and, if the association had any desire to place before<br />
the National, it was a good^time to apprise President<br />
Durkin of the fact.<br />
After treating many other matters to the seeming<br />
interest of the hearers his talk closed with applause<br />
and the meeting adjourned.<br />
Iowa Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association Convention<br />
Extensive preparations are being made for the convention<br />
of the Iowa Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association, to<br />
be held January 18, 1921, at the Burlington Hotel,<br />
Burlington, Iowa. The work being done promises<br />
material benefits and a pleasant profitable time for<br />
all who attend. Make your arrangements now.<br />
Groeniger Manufacturing Co. Organize to<br />
Make Testite Connection<br />
The <strong>org</strong>anization of the Groeniger Manufacturing<br />
Co., with offices at 8 East Chestnut street, Columbus,<br />
Ohio, has been effected with William C. Groeniger as<br />
president and general manager. The company will<br />
manufacture The Testite short horn closet bowl connection<br />
which can be tested and inspected before being<br />
concealed or enclosed.
December 17. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 573<br />
Mr. Groeniger's familiarity with the needs of the<br />
plumbing field are well known from his many years<br />
experience as state plumbing inspector for Ohio, his<br />
work as a practicing sanitary engineer, and the experience<br />
he gained as head of the Red Cross expedition<br />
to Palastine and as president of the American Society<br />
of Sanitary Engineering. His many friends wish him<br />
success in his new venture.<br />
National Convention of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s<br />
At the Board of Directors meeting, held December<br />
6, at 108 South Twentieth street, Philadelphia, Pa., it<br />
was decided to hold the National Convention of Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association on June 7, 8 and 9, 1921,<br />
at New Orleans, La.<br />
The Willey Bench Grinder<br />
A glance at this machine clearly shows its construction.<br />
The moter is completely inclosed with<br />
starting and stopping devices conveniently located<br />
in base. It can be placed anywhere in mill or shop<br />
where a current is available with very little cost for<br />
setting up. If required it can also be used as a<br />
THE W1EEEY BENCH GRINDER<br />
portable grinder. The wheels are provided with a<br />
water pot. The spindle is made from high grade<br />
steel accurately ground. The hood for cutting<br />
member is provided with hinged door on the outside.<br />
These machines are very practical and can be<br />
operated at a very small expense and while doing<br />
the grinding much quicker than could be done by<br />
hand they act as an inspiration on the men to keep<br />
their tools in good shape. This reacts to the benefit<br />
of the master plumber or steam fitter, in that it<br />
allows of the men being more efficient in performing<br />
their work through having sharp tools.<br />
Complete information relative to these tools can<br />
be had by addressing the James Clark, Jr., Co.,<br />
Louisville, Ky.<br />
Second T. E. B. Lecture at Montclair<br />
Through the enterprise of Past President Charles<br />
J. Samuel, supported by Charles J. A. Ernst, the<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association of Montclair, N. J.,<br />
is having the lectures of the National Trade Extension<br />
Bureau presented before it in an impressive<br />
way. In the presence of State Secretary Walter<br />
Grube, Newark, accompanied by three fellow members<br />
and a good turnout of the local members, Mr.<br />
Samuel opened the meeting and read the major<br />
portion of the lecture, but left the closing portion<br />
with the blackboard demonstration with the chart<br />
to Past State Secretary Joseph A. Durr.<br />
At the conclusion of the lecture Frank K. Chew<br />
was introduced and spoke on the need of the loyalty<br />
of the trade to the association and thc members to<br />
the association officers, also on the need of preparing<br />
for the future under the changing business conditions.<br />
He stated that a wholesale house had<br />
pointed out to him that after 3 or 4 years of continuing<br />
rising prices and business of a nature which<br />
would enable almost any one to succeed, there was<br />
a condition now to be considered that would require<br />
the soundest judgment of the general tradesmen<br />
and that this wholesaler was of the opinion that<br />
many in the trade were poorly prepared to meet the<br />
changed conditions.<br />
Chicago "Own Your Home" Exposition to<br />
Have Sanitary and Heating Display<br />
Home comfort equipment will have its place at<br />
the first annual "Own Yout Home Exposition" to<br />
be held at the Coliseum, Chicago, March 26 to<br />
April 2, 1921. E. C. Garrity president of National<br />
Plumbing & Heating Supply Co., is the chairman<br />
of the Heating and Sanitary Committee, and will be<br />
ably assisted by R. B. Flershem, general sales<br />
manager, American Radiator Co., Eugene Buehler,<br />
president, Davies Supply Co. and Charles J. Boyd.<br />
A large general committee representing every interest<br />
in any way connected with home building<br />
is hard at work under the leadership of Robert H.<br />
Sexton, manager of the show. Among others on<br />
this committee are D. Rait Richardson, president,<br />
Richardson & Boynton Co.; H. G. Kloppcr, vicepresident,<br />
Eagle-Picher Lead Co.; William Gates,<br />
president American Terra Cotta and Ceramic Co.;<br />
F. K. Davidson, Illinois Institute of Architects, E.<br />
M. Craig, secretary Building Construction Employers'<br />
Association.<br />
A Garage Trap<br />
The Reading garage trap, manufactured by the<br />
Reading Foundry & Supply Co., Seventh and Chestnut<br />
street, Reading, Pa., is a combination floor<br />
drain and trap especially adapted for use in garages,<br />
READING GARAGE TRAP<br />
stables, breweries and factories. As will be see<br />
bV the illustration, it has a removable sand cup and<br />
is also fitted with a brass cleanout. The exposed<br />
parts are sufficiently heavy to withstand the usages<br />
to which it is subjected in garages. For further information<br />
address the manufacturer.
574 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 17. 1920<br />
T. E. B. Field Men in Action<br />
These Carefully Selected Traveling Representatives of the Bureau<br />
Now Covering Their Territories—Scope and Personnel of This Important<br />
Service to Be Extended as Rapidly as Finances Make Possible<br />
All of the Field Representatives of the National<br />
Trade Extension Bureau are now out in their assigned<br />
territories, for the purpose of personally carrying<br />
the message of better business methods to the<br />
plumbing and heating contractor. In addition to<br />
this, these men will also exert themselves along<br />
every line of activity that is open to them, for thc<br />
purpose of improving results for every element of<br />
the trades.<br />
For the present, these men have been assigned to<br />
cover districts and localities, in which the manufacturers<br />
and jobbers there located have contributed<br />
the quota assigned to that territory, as the amount<br />
that should be contributed to the finances of T. E.<br />
B. from the territory involved. As fast as additional<br />
territory comes up to the standards established for<br />
these contributions in support of the Bureau, the<br />
territory covered by these Field Representatives of<br />
T. E. B. will be extended, or additional men will be<br />
added to the force.<br />
Eventually, it is the hope of the Bureau to give<br />
the contractors in every corner of the United States<br />
the benefit of this personal service. Manifestly<br />
it is only fair that those territories, which have fully<br />
contributed their share of the expense of maintaining<br />
the Bureau, should be the first to receive full attention<br />
in this respect.<br />
These field men of T. E. B. will periodically<br />
cover the territory assigned them, until they have<br />
established personal contact with every plumbing<br />
and heating contractor in their district. In addition<br />
to this individual contact with the contractor,<br />
they will also be called upon to furnish the benefit<br />
of their services and training to every local association.<br />
They will arrange, as far as is possible, to<br />
frequently be present at meetings of the locals, especially<br />
those that may be set apart or devoted to<br />
educational matters of interest to the Trade.<br />
In their work, both with the individual contractor<br />
and with the local associations, these T. E. B.<br />
field men will be found ready to contribute the<br />
best of their abilities and knowledge to a profitable<br />
solution of any sort of business problem that the<br />
contractor desires to submit. These field men are<br />
all men possessing good original equipment for<br />
their jobs and, in addition, have all received speccial<br />
training at headquarters, which has given them<br />
a real working knowledge of business building<br />
methods and practices, in every phase of the subject.<br />
Lest in some cases there might develop needless<br />
disappointment, we hasten to say here, however,<br />
that all of these men arc just like the rest of us!<br />
There may be cases, and undoubtedly are cases that<br />
might be found lacking in information, and questions<br />
may be put to them that they cannot answer.<br />
In such cases, however, there is ready access to<br />
the Bureau itself at headquarters, and with nation<br />
wide sources of information at command, it would<br />
surely be peculiar if logical and intelligent answers<br />
could not be found for any possible business problem.<br />
To the individual contractor, let it be said that<br />
when these field men of the Bureau call, they will<br />
not only answer questions, but. they will ask questions.<br />
Now, none of these questions that they will<br />
ask will be put in mere idle curiosity. All such inquiries<br />
will be in pursuit of a definite plan for securing<br />
and recording at the Bureau's headquartres,<br />
a mass of information, that will give the Bureau a<br />
means of planning, and putting through various<br />
campaigns along the line of building bigger and better<br />
business. As this is so, every contractor<br />
should feel, that in frankly and openly answering<br />
questions of these T. E. B. field men, he is only<br />
contributing his share to the largest good for the<br />
greatest number.<br />
Little bits of information picked up in this way<br />
here and there, will be collected and combined at<br />
the Bureau's headquarters into a fund of knowledge<br />
that will enable T. E. B. to give a service of constantly<br />
increasing value to everybody concerned.<br />
As a matter of course, all private information given<br />
to T. E. B., through the field men or otherwise, is<br />
held rigidly confidential.<br />
T. E. B. field men are out for the purpose of doing<br />
a definite work in behalf of every contractor,<br />
and of the entire industry. If they can help you,<br />
let them do it. If on the other hand, you can help<br />
them, don't hold back your friendly cooperation.<br />
The Toledo No. 2 Geared Adjustable<br />
Threading Device<br />
The Toeldo No. 2 geared adjustable threading<br />
device illustrated has a threading capacity of from<br />
21/2 to 4 in. pipe inclusive. It is manufactured by<br />
TOLEDO NO. 2 GEARED ADJUSTABLE THREADING DEVICE<br />
the Toledo Pipe Threading Machine Co., Toledo,<br />
Ohio, and over a period of years has satisfactorily<br />
demonstrated that it merits the confidence of the<br />
trade.<br />
Death of Charles B. Boatenreiter<br />
Charles Beach Boatenreiter, senior member of the<br />
firm of Boatenreiter Plumbing Co. of Atlanta, Ga.,<br />
passed away at his home 938 Highland avenue on<br />
the morning of November 3 in the fifty-third year<br />
of his age, and is survived by his widow and four children.
December 17, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Benedict Nickel Seamless Tubes<br />
Benedict nickel seamless tubes are made by the<br />
American Brass Co., Waterbury, Conn., in all the<br />
ordinary commercial, iron pipe and plumbers' sizes.<br />
In addition to supply and waste pipes, they are<br />
applicable to standards, railings and all construc-<br />
BENEDICT NICKEL SEAMLESS TUBES<br />
tion which require hollow cylindrical forms. All<br />
Benedict nickel seamless tubes are tested to 1000<br />
lb. per square inch internal hydraulic pressure.<br />
Benedict nickel is a white metal which compares<br />
favorably with sterling silver in appearance and<br />
permanency of color. Like sterling silver, it requires<br />
cleaning occasionally. With ordinary care<br />
Benedict Nickel will always remain bright.<br />
For exposed plumbing in fine residences, offices<br />
and public buildings, for ornamental work railings,<br />
etc.; and, in fact, for all purposes where nickelplated<br />
brass or bronze has been used, Benedict<br />
nickel has become the standard. It is superior to<br />
all other metals for such uses because it combines<br />
elegance, durability, non-corrosiveness and sanitation.<br />
When the lustre and finish of a once nicelyappointed<br />
nickel plated job is worn off, the brassv<br />
spots look very unsightly, but where Benedict<br />
Nickel is used its distinctive white color is as permanent<br />
and lasting as the metal itself.<br />
Straight Talk on Boiler Prices by Kewanee<br />
Boiler Co.<br />
Since present prices were established last January<br />
on Kewanee firebox boilers our labor costs have increased<br />
about 7y2 per cent, and this cost is further increased<br />
by the advance in freight rates amounting to<br />
iy per cent.<br />
Since the present price was established January 1<br />
based on U. S. Steel Corporation base price, F. O. B.<br />
Pittsburgh, some of the manufacturers of heating boilers<br />
have raised their prices from time to time, so that<br />
the aggregate advance is about \7y> per cent.<br />
There has been a great deal of talk in the newspapers<br />
lately about price reductions, including steel. So far<br />
as the price of steel is concerned that is true in a way.<br />
Nearly every independent mill during the last year has<br />
been charging quite large premiums for steel and a great<br />
many boiler makers were compelled to pay those premiums<br />
because they could not get steel or prompt shipments<br />
from the U. S. Steel Corporation. However, in<br />
this respect our prices have not been affected, because<br />
we .did not need to buy very much of this premium steel.<br />
It would seem, though, that the public is expecting and<br />
really demanding material price reductions and the<br />
sooner they are granted, without much respect to profit<br />
on the part of the manufacturers, just that soon do we<br />
think very serious and active interest will be taken in<br />
the building industry.<br />
So we are announcing to-day a reduction of approximately<br />
10 per cent on Kewanee firebox boilers and also<br />
a reduction of 20 per cent on steel tanks used by the<br />
plumbers and for pneumatic water supply purposes. A<br />
generous portion of this tank reduction is permissible,<br />
by our enormous increased and improved facilities for<br />
manufacturing tanks in quantities, even greater than we<br />
bave ever been able to handle heretofore.<br />
This price reduction will be effective after the close<br />
of business December 11.<br />
Death of Edward Fairbanks<br />
Edward Fairbanks, one of the <strong>org</strong>anizers and first<br />
treasurer of the Warren <strong>Steam</strong> Pump Co., Warren,<br />
Mass., and active for many years in public life, died<br />
at his home in that town November 22, aged 84<br />
years.<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s Candidates for Mayor<br />
Master plumbers in two thriving Massachusetts<br />
cites are mayoralty candidates as the result of recent<br />
municipal primaries. William A. Bradford, a<br />
former president of the Mas.sachusetts Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association and the present permanent<br />
secretary of the Massachusetts Sanitary Club, won<br />
his nomination in Quincy, Mass., where he formerly<br />
for many years conducted the William A. Bradford<br />
Co. and in which city he was long served in the<br />
city council.<br />
John J. Mullin, a former mayor of Everett who<br />
was defeated for reelection 2 years ago, is again<br />
nominated for mayor in that city receiving the<br />
highest vote of six nominees, two of whom were<br />
selected to be voted upon at the city election.<br />
Mullin is opposed by the present mayor, Christopher<br />
Harrison. He is president of the John J. Mullin<br />
Co., plumbers. Both men are waging active<br />
campaigns for their elections.<br />
The No. 4 Shallow Well Pump<br />
The No. 4 Shallow well pump, manufactured by<br />
the Burnett-Larsh Manufacturing Co., Dayton,<br />
Ohio, with a silent chain drive and case, is a very<br />
complete puniping unit in which the duplex double<br />
acting pump, motor and automatic pressure switch<br />
NO. 4 SHALLOW WELL PUMP<br />
are all mounted on one base. The use of thc silent<br />
chain drive eliminates belt troubles and reduces the<br />
noise to a minimum.<br />
Duro systems offer an opportunity for plumbers<br />
to materially add to their yearly profits with but<br />
very little extra effort. A careful and comprehensive
576 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 17, 1920<br />
study of the many salient good points of this Duro off the account, or else he is poorly equipped to<br />
system will enable plumbers to very readily make sales. authorize charges and efficient collections. "If a<br />
Information can be had by addressing the com man cannot keep his bills paid up now, he never<br />
pany at Dayton, Ohio.<br />
can."<br />
I contend that laxity on the part of any credit<br />
man in the granting of credit, or in making prompt<br />
B. & B. Will Make Delehant Die Stocks<br />
collections, will prove a boomerang when the inevitable<br />
happens. The psychological time to act is<br />
The B. & B. Tool and Machine Works, 519 West now. Prompt collections have a salutary effect up<br />
Van Buren street, Chicago, 111., now have the exon thc attitude of the customers towards your firm.<br />
clusive sales and manufacturing rights for Dele Most customers respect a house which shows that<br />
hant die stocks and pipe reamers, formerly made by their accounts are being closely watched and will<br />
the Keystone Die Stock Co., Chicago. These tools pay their bills earlier than those of the houses that<br />
have been on the market for several years, and be are lax or slovenly in collections. If a bill is not<br />
cause of the favor they have found among the promptly collected and a large balance is allowed<br />
trade an aggressive campaign will be started to to accumulate, it will result, in my opinion, in the<br />
extend their distribution.<br />
transferring of their patronage to another store,<br />
where, on the other hand, customers who have their<br />
accounts paid up to date will purchase again. Read<br />
A Meeting Notice That Brings the Crowd<br />
the article in May issue of "System Magazine" entitled,<br />
"More proof That It Pays to Collect Close,"<br />
It is quite possible that Ira C. Hendrickson, secre- by F. C. Letts.<br />
tary of the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association of Tren Prompt collections, therefore, will result in:<br />
ton, N. ].. 128 East Front street, would be willing 1. A much smaller loss risk, with a similar effect<br />
to send to secretaries a copy of one of his meeting on the profit and loss lists.<br />
notices which brings out the crowd. He apprises 2. It will greatly influence the volume of charge<br />
people of tbe various things which are to come up<br />
at the next meeting so that they can be prepared to<br />
sales.<br />
discuss them intelligently, gives them tbe information<br />
that is brought in through some of the credit<br />
associations to which the association subscribes<br />
An Improved Air Exhauster and Vacuum<br />
Valve<br />
and then gives extracts from some of the good<br />
The exhauster and vacuum valve is made by<br />
things about collections, credits, canvassing, adver<br />
the O-E Specialty Manufacturing Co., 886 Third<br />
tising and a lot of other things which he gets in his<br />
street, Milwaukee, Wis. It is constructed in such a<br />
reading of the trade and other press.<br />
way that a carbon post can be adjusted to any de<br />
The plan he follows is to mimeograph his call<br />
sired position, expands and forces a hollow brass<br />
and send everybody a copy. In this way those who<br />
ball against a seat, closing the port when heat or<br />
do not attend know something of what the other<br />
steam is applied to the post. This valve used in<br />
fellows are getting and get something themselves if<br />
connection with the O-E Perfect system of heating<br />
they do not get there.<br />
allows of the air being ejected from the system and,<br />
EXCERPTS FROM THE MEETING NOTES OF THE MASTER when steam which follows the air to the valve<br />
PLUMBER'S ASSOCIATION OF TRENTON, N. J. comes in contact with the post, the port is auto<br />
At the next meeting of the Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
of the city of Trenton on Friday evening,<br />
December 3, at 8 o'clock, in our room 20 Woolworth<br />
building, Frank K. Chew, of New York,<br />
matically sealed. As a drop in the steam pressure<br />
takes place in the system vacuum, the brass ball is<br />
editor of the PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER, will address<br />
our association ; this will be in the nature of<br />
an entertainment, and everyone who has had the<br />
pleasure of hearing Mr. Chew talk will vouch for<br />
bim as a royal entertainer.<br />
EXHAUST AND VACUUM VALVES<br />
AN URGENT NECESSITY FOR CLOSE COLLECTIONS<br />
From "Credit Echoes," San Francisco, Cal.<br />
By Ge<strong>org</strong>e Kramer, Jr., of Hale Bros.<br />
As to what the future holds in store and as to<br />
how sound the economic and financial condition of<br />
the country will remain is problematical. The<br />
wave of prosperity that has blanketed our nation<br />
for the past several years is at its zenith and a<br />
change in conditions is expected by the far and<br />
keen sighted business man and financier.<br />
I contend there is no excuse for a firm or credit<br />
man doing 30-day credit business continuing to extend<br />
credit when an account shows a balance owing<br />
anywhere from 6 months to 2 years. Our luncheon<br />
meetings have shown this to be the case innumerable<br />
times and it makes known one of two things—<br />
either the credit man has not the courage to shut<br />
held against the seat or keeps the port closed thereby<br />
maintaining the vacuum in the system. As soon<br />
as the vacuum is lost the ball rolls away from the<br />
seat permitting the air to freely escape.<br />
Further information in regard to this exhauster<br />
and vacuum valve can be had from the O-E Specialty<br />
Mfg. Co.<br />
A Progressive Plumbing and Heating<br />
Contractor<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e W. Schardein, head of the plumbing and heating<br />
house of F. S. Schardein & Sons Co., Louisville, Ky.,<br />
is a leader of men. For a number of ygars he was the<br />
active head of the local and state plumbers' associations.<br />
During the past several years he has also been very active<br />
in fraternal lodge circles, and through hard work<br />
became potentate of the Kosair Temple, Shriners Louis-
December 17. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 577<br />
ville, in December 1919. During the year he did a great<br />
work for the order, went to Portland, Maine, to make<br />
arrangements for Louisville members, and made another<br />
trip to attend the conclave.<br />
On December 10 his term expired and a new ruler<br />
was elected. However, in recognition of his great work<br />
for the order his brother Shriners presented him with a<br />
very handsome watchfob of diamonds and gold, hung<br />
on black ribbon. Ge<strong>org</strong>e will never receive any present<br />
which he will regard quite so highly as he does this one.<br />
It is a thing that money cannot buy, and an identification<br />
of a leader of men.<br />
A Special Floor and Ceiling Plate<br />
The special No. 9 floor and ceiling plate, manufactured<br />
by the Beaton & Caldwell Manufacturing<br />
Co., New Britain, Conn., is made of cast iron in two<br />
SPECIAL NO. 9 FLOOR AND CEILING PLATE<br />
parts and has a flange 2 in. wide. Steel springs hold<br />
the plate in place when locked around pipes. These<br />
plates are specially designed for use where it is<br />
necessary to have a large opening around pipe and<br />
is particularly adaptable for use in all buildings<br />
where the plaster walls are deteriorated to such an<br />
extent that it is impossible to cut clean proper size<br />
holes.<br />
News from Florida<br />
Key West City Council is discussing the matter<br />
of sewerage and water system. Plans have been<br />
made for preliminary drawings of such a system.<br />
On account of local conditions the place has gotten<br />
along very well for many years without the things<br />
so greatly desired. As the place grows it has become<br />
apparent that the water and sewerage system<br />
must be obtained.<br />
Pipe Cast Centrifugally<br />
"Modern Cast Iron Pipe" was the title of a paper<br />
read recently before the Engineering Institute of Canada,<br />
Montreal Branch, by A. F. Macallum, commissioner<br />
of works, Ottawa. His remarks regarding_ the<br />
De Lavaud process of making centrifugally cast iron<br />
pipe were in part as follows:<br />
"The present specifications for cast iron pipe are<br />
based on iron having a tensile strength of 19,000 lb.<br />
per square inch. When higher standards are given under<br />
the present foundry practice and mixtures, the pipe<br />
is apt to be brittle. On account, however, of new methods<br />
being adopted in manufacturing cast iron pipe, consideration<br />
is being given to the revision of the specifications<br />
to meet these new conditions. This new pipe,<br />
developed by De Lavaud, a Brazilian engineer, is now<br />
being manufactured and introduced in this country,<br />
after exhaustive comparative tests with the ordinary<br />
standard cast iron pipe.<br />
"The writer has studied with great interest the manufacture<br />
of this new type of cast iron pipe, which involves<br />
the application of the principle of centrifugal<br />
force to molten metal when poured into a permanent<br />
mold. A regulated quantity of molten iron is introduced<br />
into a revolving water-cooled cylindrical mold, where<br />
by the centrifugal force exerted the molten metal is<br />
spread uniformly upon the inner surface of the mold.<br />
Within a few seconds the pipe is withdrawn from the<br />
mold at a red heat. It is brittle after leaving the mold,<br />
on account of the outer surface being chilled, but after<br />
passing through an annealing furnace it becomes tough<br />
and much stronger than ordinary cast iron pipe, as<br />
plainly shown by the recent tests made by Professor<br />
Gillespie of Toronto University. The pipe made under<br />
these conditions has a decided contrast in structure to<br />
pipe cast in sand molds, and has not the segregation<br />
of impurities often found in sand cast pipe. As a<br />
consequence the pipe is a homogeneous, dense, finegrained<br />
iron throughout, having no water or gas bubbles,<br />
and because of this density and strength can be<br />
made much thinner.<br />
"In the tests made by Professor Gillespie a 6-in.<br />
pipe made by this machine was compared with a 6-in.<br />
ordinary sand molded pipe and out of the same iron<br />
v/ith the following results:<br />
Centrifugal Cast Pipe<br />
Thickness: 0.28 in.<br />
Tensile strength:<br />
39,000 lb. per sq. in.<br />
Modulus of elasticity:<br />
14,500,000<br />
Modulus of rupture:<br />
63,800<br />
Quality factor:<br />
20.2<br />
Sand Cast Pipe<br />
Thickness: 0.S1 in.<br />
Tensile strength:<br />
16,000 lb. per sq. in.<br />
Modulus of elasticity:<br />
8,860,000<br />
Modulus of rupture:<br />
33,900<br />
Quality factor:<br />
9.8<br />
"From this it will be seen that the centrifugal pipe<br />
has a very high tensile, cross-bending and resistance to<br />
shock values.<br />
"It is apparent, therefore, that this type of pipe can<br />
be successfully made much thinner than the sand<br />
molded pipe." For example, a 12-ft. length of 6-in.<br />
pipe weighs 280 lb., as compared with 430 lb. for a<br />
sand cast pipe of the same diameter.<br />
"In soils such as found in Ontario cast iron pipe<br />
suffers very little corrosion. The writer has removed<br />
a section of old English cast iron pipe laid in 1859 in<br />
Hamilton that showed no corrosion whatever, after<br />
being in the ground over 50 years, having even the<br />
weight marks clearly legible. This old English pipe<br />
was made much thinner than called for in the present<br />
day specifications, and, being on a rising main, is still<br />
in service under more severe conditions from pressure<br />
than when laid. In this connection the tests on De<br />
Lavaud centrifugal cast iron pipe show it, to all intents<br />
and purposes, impervious to corrosion, probably due to<br />
the fact that the metal, being cast under pressure,<br />
is of such close grain as to resist the attack of corrosive<br />
matter.<br />
"These centrifugal cast pipes have a smooth exterior<br />
and interior surface and, besides reducing hydraulic<br />
frictional losses, take a uniform surface coating. While<br />
the pipes are cast with standard bell ends they machine<br />
easily, and because of the method of manufacture<br />
the wall thickness is exactly uniform throughout and<br />
suitable for a threaded or straight wall joint if desired.<br />
"This development in the manufacture of cast iron<br />
nine which I have attempted to briefly describe above,<br />
indicates what might be called a revolutionary advance<br />
over previous methods, and is certain to have a decided<br />
effect upon the production and consumption of cast<br />
iron pipe."
578 P L U M B E R A N D S T E A M F I T T E R December 17. 1920<br />
Dividend Announcement<br />
The Board of Directors of the Richmond Radiator<br />
Co. on November 28, declared a quarterly<br />
dividend on the company's preferred stock at the<br />
rate of 7 per cent, per annum payable iy per cent.<br />
per share on January 15, 1921, to Stockholders of<br />
record as of December 15, 1920.<br />
For the purpose of paying this dividend, Preferred<br />
Stock transfer books will be closed from December<br />
15, 1920, at 3:00 o'clock, p. m. to December 31, 1920,<br />
at 3:00 o'clock p. m. inclusive.<br />
Canadian Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s Get First Hand<br />
Facts of Trade Extension Bureau Work<br />
A delegation of Canadian master plumbers spent<br />
three days visiting the city of Evansville, Ind., where<br />
they went to get first hand information of the work<br />
being done by the National Trade Extension Bureau.<br />
Their work being finished, they returned to Chicago,<br />
on Friday, December 3, where they were the guests<br />
of the Chicago Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association. These<br />
gentlemen, whose mission is to assimilate and distribute<br />
the knowledge thus gained for the benefit of their<br />
CANADIAN MASTER PLUMBERS<br />
Reading from left to right, W. T. Woolley, Manager National Trade<br />
Extension Bureau: K. B. Allison, ' Allpriser," Toronto; C H. Chapman,<br />
J. W. Cram Co., Toronto; G. F. Frankland, secretary Canadian Society<br />
and Ontario Society of Sanitary and Heatine Engineers; C. Ross Belyea,<br />
Belyea Bros. Co., Toronto; H. A. Weinraul, Acme Co., Toronto; R. E.<br />
Belyea, vice-president, Toronto Society; T. J. Minnes, Brantford, Ont..<br />
president of the Ontario Society.<br />
fellow craftsmen in Canada, made their headquarters<br />
at the Morrison Hotel, while in Chicago.<br />
During the afternoon, vice-president of the National<br />
Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, Joseph W. Cannon<br />
and C. A. Dreier, who had been appointed by the<br />
Chicago association to receive the distinguished visitors,<br />
showed the visiting officers the principal points of interest.<br />
They were the guests of the Board of Directors<br />
of the Chicago association at a dinner held at the Hotel<br />
Brevoort in the evening and after attending the regular<br />
meeting of the association the members of the<br />
Canadian contingent were introduced at the meeting<br />
of the local association by President Charles W. Alcock.<br />
Harry Mahoney of Guelph, Ontario, president of<br />
the Canadian Society of Domestic Sanitary and Heating<br />
Engineers and former Mayor of Guelph, extended<br />
the fraternal greetings of his Canadian brothers to the<br />
Chicago master plumbers.<br />
Garrett Frankland, Toronto, secretary of the association<br />
in Toronto and also of the Province of Ontario,<br />
spoke at length concerning the visit of the Canadian<br />
master plumbers to the United States, and of their<br />
desire to secure practical ideas for the betterment of<br />
the business in Canada.<br />
Roy E. Belyea Toronto, vice-president of the Ontario<br />
society, made a brief speech of thanks for the<br />
generous hospitality extended.<br />
Thomas J. Minnes, president of the Ontario society,<br />
delivered a very interesting address, stating that<br />
their trip had been very profitable, and that they would<br />
derive much benefit as a result of it.<br />
He also expressed the hope that the same fraternal<br />
and friendly relationship between the master plumbers<br />
of Canada and the United States would continue<br />
with renewed good fellowship in the years to come.<br />
Included in the party from Canada were the following:<br />
Thomas J. Minnes, Brantford, Ont; Harry Mahoney,<br />
Guelph, Ont.; C. Ross Belyea, Roy F. Belyea, F.<br />
William Purdy, David E. Norwich, Garnet A. Edwards,<br />
Windsor, Charles H. Chapmen, Garrett F. Frankland,<br />
Harry A. Weinraub, and Kenneth B. Allisire, all of<br />
Toronto, Ont.<br />
New Incorporations<br />
The Donnelly Manufacturing Co., Boston, Mass.,<br />
general plumbing, heating, steam and gas fitting,<br />
etc., has been incorporated with a capital of $25,000.<br />
The officers are: President, Edward F. Donnelly;<br />
treasurer, Ira I. Nelson, 124 Peterborough street,<br />
Boston ; clerk, E. H. Blume.<br />
The H. & R. Heating Co., Inc., Stamford, Conn.,<br />
has been incorporated with a capital of $10,000.<br />
The directors are J. M. Hatchman, 16 Schuyler<br />
street, Stamford; F. S. Ruckel, Milford, LeRoy<br />
Ruckel and H. D. Ruckel, Weed street, Springdale,<br />
Conn.<br />
Highway Transportation Show Big Event<br />
(Continued from page 564)<br />
struction advocated by the now famous Townsend Bill.<br />
The Show Committee is now considering a very<br />
unique decorative scheme, which will make other New<br />
York shows look well to their honors. It is planned that<br />
the decorations will not only be spectacular, but a delight<br />
to the eye.<br />
Considering the extraordinary class of exhibits of the<br />
latest thing in motor trucks planned by manufacturers<br />
and dealers who have secured space for the show, indications<br />
are that the New York Highway Transportation<br />
Show of 1921 will eclipse anything of this nature<br />
heretofore attempted in the United States.<br />
Electricity or Water—Which?<br />
(Continued from page 563)<br />
salient features and improvements. List the families<br />
in your community that need washing machines, send<br />
them descriptive literature which can be had from the<br />
manufacturers, follow this with personal calls upon the<br />
prospects. You will become better acquainted, make<br />
customers, and bring home profitable sales and much<br />
other work that would have been delayed or given to<br />
ether shops unless you had called.<br />
This source of profit should receive your immediate<br />
investigation as the development of these machines is<br />
beyond the experimental stage and every sale therefore<br />
represents a satisfied customer.
December 17, 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
PIIIIIIIIHHIIIHIIIIM<br />
IIIIIIIIII<br />
STEAM GOODS<br />
THE MARKET<br />
New York Comments<br />
Foundries continue to improve stocks of boilers and<br />
radiators with demand well below normal. Repair<br />
parts shipments continue to improve with slackening<br />
up of demand. Readjustment of prices seems imminent,<br />
one manufacturer announcing a reduction of 10<br />
per cent on boilers. Back orders of radiation are<br />
being rapidly filled, shipping facilities approaching<br />
normal.<br />
PLUMBING GOODS<br />
Black and galvanized welded steel pipe have responded<br />
to the re-adjustment of steel prices by declining<br />
5 points during the past week. Shipments are still<br />
backward on smaller sizes although conditions of jobbers'<br />
stocks have improved, due to seasonal drop in<br />
demand. Welded wrought iron pipe is reported out<br />
of stock by most jobbers, with no immediate change<br />
promised. Ample stocks of soil pipe and fittings are<br />
reported by jobbers, prices holding to the level of<br />
December 1, with demand slight.<br />
Vitreous ware stocks improve with prices holding at<br />
the high level, buying being for immediate needs only.<br />
Porcelain enamel iron stocks show improvement with<br />
shipments more prompt on larger pieces. Smaller fixtures<br />
show improved output still many sizes hard to<br />
get. Prices show a decline of 10 points during the<br />
past week with demand slight and for immediate only.<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' brass goods remain firm in price, although<br />
shipments from factories improve and the undernormal<br />
demand is reflecting the seasonal falling off.<br />
Indications point to a gradual readjustment of prices<br />
in this line for the near future. Brass pipe holds to<br />
the level of December 1 prices.<br />
The general tone of business shows more optimism<br />
on the part of business men and confidence that business<br />
conditions will soon show an improved trend.<br />
Chicago Comments<br />
The most important recent development is the announcement<br />
of price reductions by manufacturers in<br />
the plumbing and steam fitting field. The Standard<br />
Sanitary Mfg. Co., Pittsburgh, has cut enamel ware<br />
10 per cent. This company has not only made the<br />
reduction retroactive to December 1, but has announced<br />
that new business will be protected by a<br />
guarantee against further declines until date of shipment.<br />
The Kewanee Boiler Co., Kewanee, 111., has<br />
reduced its prices on all firebox heating boilers 10 per<br />
cent and on all steel tanks used for pneumatic water<br />
supply purposes 20 per cent. These price recessions<br />
are in line with what has happened in raw material<br />
markets and are regarded as substantial steps in the<br />
direction of stabilized trade conditions and the resumption<br />
of business activity which is bound to develop,<br />
sooner or later. In the meantime buyers of plumbing<br />
and steam goods remain apathetic, awaiting further<br />
developments. The reduction of independent steel<br />
prices to the U. S. Steel Corporation level has not<br />
brought out buying, and in view of high manufactur-<br />
l<br />
IIIIIIIIII<br />
579<br />
mm<br />
ing costs substantial cuts under those quotations are<br />
not regarded as imminent. Pig iron is weak in the<br />
absence of buying and because of the diversity of<br />
resale quotations it is difficult to ascertain the ruling<br />
market level. All of the non-ferrous metals have declined.<br />
Pig Iron.—The leading Chicago merchant has reduced<br />
prices $8 a ton, making its quotation on No. 2<br />
Foundry, $38, Chicago furnace. This cut was in<br />
sympathy with the weakening tendency of resale<br />
quotations, but has not served to stimulate business<br />
nor to halt the downward trend of the market. On<br />
the contrary, resale offerings are to be had for from<br />
two to four dollars less per ton, and word comes from<br />
Detroit that a producer there is quoting $30, furnace,<br />
on No. 2 Foundry.<br />
Copper.—Although price recessions have brought<br />
out purchases of moderate quantities, the market is<br />
still unstable and buyers as a whole are adhering to a<br />
waiting policy. On Lake ingot Chicago dealers quote<br />
14y> cents per pound for carload lots.<br />
Tin.—Tin has declined since the last report, but a<br />
recent sharp drop in the London market has not yet<br />
been reflected in further recessions here. Small quantities<br />
of futures have been bought at slightly more than<br />
spot quotations, but prompt business is at a standstill.<br />
Chicago dealers quote Straits pig in carlots at 36 cents.<br />
Lead.—In the absence of buying this metal has<br />
dropped sharply, the present quotation of Chicago<br />
dealers for small lots being 5 cents per pound.<br />
Zinc.—The appearance of a moderate amount of<br />
business stiffened zinc for a time, but subsequent falling<br />
off of demand has been accompanied by a further<br />
decline in price. Chicago dealers quote slabs in small<br />
lots at 6.15 cents per pound.<br />
Solder.—<strong>Plumber</strong>s' solder is quoted at 20 cents per<br />
pound in 100 lb. lots.<br />
Pig Iron<br />
A new factor in pig iron production is offering pig iron<br />
from Detroit below the market which is already going steadily<br />
down.<br />
NEW YORK<br />
East Pa. No. 1 fdy Sil $2.75 to $3.25 $43.52 to $46.52<br />
East Pa. No. 2X fdy Sil 2.25 to 2.75 42.77 to 44.77<br />
East Pa. No. 2 fdy Sil 1.75 to 2.25 41.52to 43.52<br />
Buffalo Sil 1.75 to 2.25 40.46 to 41.46<br />
Virginia No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25 46.16 to 47.16<br />
CHICAGO<br />
Northern Coke No. 1 Sil $2.25 to $2.75 $36.25 to $39.25<br />
Northern Coke fdy No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25 35.00 to 38.00<br />
Southern Coke fdy No. 1 Sil Soft 2.75 to 3.25 45.67 to 47.67<br />
Southern Coke fdy No. 2 2.25 to 2.75 43.92 to 45.92<br />
Southern foundry Sil 1.75 to 2.25 42.67 to 44.67<br />
PHILADELPHIA<br />
Eastern Pa. No. 2 Plain Sil $1.75 to $2.25 $36.54 to $39.54<br />
Eastern Pa. No. 2X Sil 2.25 to 2.75 37.79 to 40.79<br />
Virginia No. 2 Plain Sil 1.75to 2.25 43.74 to 50.74<br />
Virginia No. 2X Sil 2.25 to 2.75 44.99 to 51.99<br />
CLEVELAND<br />
Northern No. 2 fdy Sil $1.75 to $2.25 $3S.56 to $39.56<br />
Southern fdy Sil 2.25 to 2.75 44.67 to 46.67<br />
CINCINNATI<br />
Southern Coke Sil $1.75 to $2.25 (base price} $40.50 to $42.50<br />
Southern Coke Sil $2.25 to $2.75 (No 2 Soft} 41.75 to 43.75<br />
Southern Ohio No. 2 Sil $1.75 to $2.25 (No. 2) 35.52 to 40.52
580 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 17, 1920<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap Iron, New York—The prices are still going down but<br />
with only here and there a sale to give an idea of the level<br />
reached and cast scrap is leading the decline. Prices which<br />
dealers in New York and Brooklyn are quoted to local<br />
foundries, per gross ton :<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $28.00 to 29.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast columns, building materials, etc.,<br />
cupola size 28.00 to 29.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast not cupola size 18.00 to 19.00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc.) 22.00 to 23.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. diam., not under 2 ft. long) 10.00 to 11.00<br />
Stove plate 18.00 to 19.00<br />
Scrap Iron. Chicago.—An apathetic market has been reflected<br />
in further price recessions. Quotations per gross<br />
ton, delivered consumers' yards follow:<br />
No. 1 Cast $21.00 to $22.00<br />
Machine Shop Turnings 8.00 to 8.50<br />
Cast borings 10.50 to 11.00<br />
Stove Plate 23.00 to 23.50<br />
Grate Bars 15.50 to 16.00<br />
Railroad Malleable 17.00 to 17.50<br />
Agricultural Malleable 16.50 to 17.00<br />
Country Mixed 11.00 to 11.50<br />
N. 1 Busheling 15.50 to 16.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburgh—All grades are on the decline because<br />
offerings are greater than the demand. Quotations are<br />
to a large extent indicative of what buyers might pay if<br />
they were buying:<br />
Cast iron wheels $31.00 to 32.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 10.50 to 11.00<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 20.00 to 21.00<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 16.00 to 17.00<br />
Short shoveling turnings 14.00 to 15.00<br />
Heavy breakable cast 25.00 to 26.00<br />
Stove plate 21.00 to 22.00<br />
Cast iron borings 15.00 to 16.00<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 23.00 to 24.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Boston—Noticeable declines have been felt in<br />
the market believed to be due to restriction in orders from consumers.<br />
Few large sales are reported. Dealers are generally<br />
paying as follows :<br />
Wrought No. 1 yard long $12.00 to 13.00<br />
Stove plate 19.00 to 19.50<br />
No. 1 machinery 28.00 to 29.00<br />
Breakable cast 25.00 to 26.00<br />
Wrought iron pipe 15.00 to 15.50<br />
Steel rails 19.00 to 20.00<br />
Heavy melting steel 15.00 to 16.00<br />
Turnings, axle 16.00 to 16.50<br />
Turnings, machine shop 10.00 to 11.00<br />
Car wheels 32.00 to 33.00<br />
Car axles, steel 32.00 to 33.00<br />
Cast borings 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York—There was a declining tendency during<br />
the early part of the week, but this was halted by the<br />
better aspect of the new market toward the end of the week.<br />
Dealers' buying prices are nominally as follows:<br />
Cents<br />
Per Lb.<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible 11.25<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 10.25<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 8.50<br />
Brass, heavy 6.75<br />
Brass, light 4.75<br />
Heavy machine composition 10.50<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 6.00<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turnings 8.50<br />
Lead, heavy 3.50<br />
Lead, tea 3.00<br />
Zinc 3.50<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s. Chicago—Buying is at a standstill and old material<br />
has declined in sympathy with the new metals. Dealers<br />
quote :<br />
Cents<br />
per Ib.<br />
Red Brass 9<br />
Yellow Brass, heavy 6<br />
Yellow Brass, light 5<br />
Copper, heavy and clips 9<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 7.50<br />
Lead Pipe 3.50<br />
Tin Foil 20<br />
Block Tin Pipe 25<br />
Pewter No. 1 18<br />
Zinc 3<br />
Soldered Joints 7<br />
Old old with ers Heavy Light Heay are metal <strong>Metal</strong>s, an scrap crucible copper nominally increased prices copper Boston—Following copper have paying demand, $11.00 dropped as to especially follows: 11.50 the but decline increased in small in activity new quantities. materials,<br />
10.50 8.50 is to noticed to Deal 9.00 11.00<br />
Heavy mch. comp. red brass 11.00 to 11.50<br />
Comp. turnings No. 1 8.50 to 9.00<br />
Heavy brass 7.00 to 7.25<br />
Light brass 4.25 to 4.75<br />
Brass turnings No. 1 rod 6.00 to 6.50<br />
Lead, solid 5.00 to 5^25<br />
Zinc 4.00 to 4.25<br />
Pewter, No. 1 30.00 to 31.00<br />
Clean cast aluminum 14.00 to 15.00<br />
New aluminum clippings 17.00 to 18.00<br />
Old and painted aluminum 14.00 to 15.00<br />
Old Rubber—There is no real market as trading seems to<br />
be suspended except where lots have come to market and are<br />
sacrificed. Wholesale dealers buying quotations are:<br />
Boots and -shoes 4 to 4 r _<br />
Trimmed Arctics 3 to Z l /2<br />
Auto tires l'/3 to 1%<br />
Bicycle tires 1 to VA<br />
Solid tires 1% to 2<br />
No. 1 inner tubes 8 to 9<br />
Mixed white scrap 4 to 4J4<br />
Mixed red scrap 3 to 3J_<br />
Mixed black scrap li_ to 2<br />
Cotton fire hose % to 1%<br />
Garden hose \ to 1<br />
Old Rags—A state of suspension in trading with weakness<br />
prevails. Wholesale dealers' prices are:<br />
No. 1 Whites $5.50 to $6.00<br />
No. 2 Whites 3.00 to 3.25<br />
Thirds and Blues 2.00 to 2.25<br />
Straight Garments 90 to 1.00<br />
Hard Back Carpets 70 to .80<br />
Soft Back Carpets 3.00 to 3.25<br />
Paper Stock—A slow market with prices reaching a point<br />
of stabilization. Wholesale dealers' buying quotations for New<br />
York are:<br />
Over issue magazines $1.75.to.$1.85<br />
Crumpled news 45 to .50<br />
Notes on Prices, New York<br />
Linseed Oil—Trading is light and buying is restricted<br />
to a few scattering sales. An unconfirmed rumor has it<br />
lhat a carload of March oil sold at 75 cents. The range in<br />
small lots on 5 bbls, or less is 93 to 95 cents. In less<br />
than 5 bbl. lots 3 cents per gallon more is asked than for<br />
carload lots. A further advance of 2 cents is asked for<br />
boiled oil.<br />
Spirits of Turpentine—There have been further drops<br />
in turpentine prices with considerable dullness, but the<br />
outlook is considered brighter. In machine barrels in<br />
yard the price now is 87 cents per gallon.<br />
Rosin—The market is dull and weak. For 280 lb.<br />
barrel the price for D grade is $10.00 and the wholesale<br />
price for common-to-good strained is $10.25.<br />
Organized to Manufacture New Type<br />
of Faucet<br />
^ The Rogers Faucet Co., 36 River street, Bridgeport,<br />
Conn., recently <strong>org</strong>anized, has arranged for the immediate<br />
manufacture of a new type of water faucet,<br />
operating under water pressure and not by compression.<br />
It proposes to develop its facilities to provide<br />
for the production of a complete line of water faucets,<br />
including a special self-closing type, without springs.<br />
John Rogers is president and treasurer; Charles W.<br />
Fotch, secretary and manager, will also act as factory<br />
superintendent.<br />
Supply Company Purchases Factory<br />
Hoelscher Brothers, manufacturers of heating and<br />
plumbing supplies, 1301 West Division street, Chicago,<br />
have purchased the four-story factory which they have<br />
occupied for several years under lease.
Decembei 17,1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 581<br />
THE PUBLISHER'S COLUMN<br />
The Coming Articles on Estimating<br />
With the next issue it is planned to start a series<br />
of articles on Estimating which it is believed will<br />
be closely followed by the many readers of this<br />
journal.<br />
There can be little question that there is need for<br />
a real practical treatment of this subject of estimating<br />
for the simple reason that many men in<br />
the plumbing business never have to rely upon bitter<br />
experience as their instructor on estimating.<br />
As experience is an expensive teacher it is felt<br />
that the information to be given in this forthcoming<br />
series should save many readers from paying<br />
the penalty for lack of knowledge of proper estimating<br />
methods.<br />
It is unfortunate that during the years of working<br />
at the trade as a mechanic the plumbing and<br />
heating mechanic has little if any opportunity to<br />
become familiar with the business side of the trade.<br />
The conditions under which he works brings to him<br />
seldom if ever an opportunity to learn anything on<br />
successful methods of estimating on work, securing<br />
the contract, purchasing the materials, making<br />
the proper charges and finally making the collections.<br />
The mechanic's experience is confined chiefly to<br />
making installation.<br />
As a result of this the young mechanic on opening<br />
his own shop knows little about estimating,<br />
overhead, bookkeeping and the like. Under such<br />
conditions there is little wonder that he makes<br />
mistakes in estimating the cost of work and in the<br />
general conduct of his business. Doubtless it is<br />
because of this lack of knowledge that many young<br />
shop owners soon find themselves in financial difficulties<br />
and must go back to work as a mechanic.<br />
It is to fill this want of information that this<br />
journal has planned to run this series of articles<br />
on Estimating. It is hoped, as it is felt, tbat this<br />
treatment of the subject will help many a reader<br />
to follow more scientific methods in his estimating<br />
work, and thus increase his profits.<br />
As these articles accomplish this PLUMBER AND<br />
STEAM FITTER will feel amply repaid for the time,<br />
energy, effort and expense it is expending in the<br />
preparation and presentation of these articles.<br />
And this series on Estimating is not the only<br />
good thing that is coming. Many other articles<br />
giving valuable information are planned for the<br />
coming year, all of which will give convincing evidence<br />
as they appear of the this journal's determination<br />
to render real, practical and valuable assistance<br />
to its readers.<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when you write.<br />
FR O ST-PROOF<br />
CLOSETS<br />
are helping plumbers to<br />
build bigger business<br />
from existing buildings<br />
Your customers who are postponing<br />
new building operations will be glad<br />
to avail themselves of the convenience<br />
of the VOGEL in unheated places,<br />
such as the garage, back porch or yard.<br />
You can meet this demand<br />
with the VOGEL.<br />
It is simple to install.<br />
All ready assembled and<br />
tested when you get it.<br />
No pit needed.<br />
Ask your jobber or send<br />
to us for catalogue.<br />
Jcs.A.VcgelCo.<br />
Wilmington<br />
Delaware<br />
Saves 2 to [3 Gallons of<br />
Water on Eaeh Flushing<br />
Look at the problem with the eyes of an architect or<br />
building manager, and it will bring sales to you. Here is<br />
a closet that flushes perfectly on less water than others.<br />
and saves many dollars on the year's water bill.<br />
Watrous Duojet Closets have been specified this year<br />
in hundreds of new buildings—and remodelings.<br />
Two powerful, converging jets insure immediate action,<br />
a thorough flush, with no waste water. The Watrous<br />
Duojet principle has no crevices, lodges or zigzag passages<br />
which form objectionable fouling places.}<br />
Write today for catalog of the Watrous line, whieh<br />
includes drinking fountains, flushing valves, urinals,<br />
self-closing coeks, liquid soap fixtures, etc.<br />
THE IMPERIAL BRASS MFG. CO.<br />
1223 W. Harrison St., Chicago, 111.<br />
t A3S9uc<br />
PLUMBING ^<br />
FIXTURES , 1<br />
CL SS*"
582 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 17, 1920<br />
The Barometers of American Business<br />
(Copyright by THE STREET, Inc)<br />
Week Ending December 10, 1920<br />
LW—Last Week (Shown by level of mercury in tube) PW—Previous Week LY—Corresponding Week Last Year 1919—1919 Weekly average,<br />
taken as normal<br />
PW-<br />
nn LV<br />
BUSINESS<br />
FAILURES<br />
(Dun's)<br />
(Number)<br />
LW 326<br />
PW 339<br />
LY 126<br />
1919 124<br />
LV<br />
PW-<br />
PW. LY- LY-<br />
LY<br />
PW- -<br />
PW<br />
PW<br />
PW- I<br />
I I TTT1<br />
BUILDING FOOD TIME BANK<br />
DEMAND BANK STOCK SALES BOND<br />
CONTRACTS PRICES MONEY LOANS DEPOSITS CLEARINGS (N. Y. Stock SALES<br />
(F. W. Dodge Co ) (Annalist) (90 days (N. Y. Clearing (N. Y. Clearing (N. Y. Clearing Exchange) (N. Y. Sto<<br />
(In Millions) (Index No.) (Mixed) House)<br />
House)<br />
House) (Thousands of Exchange)<br />
(In Millions) (In Millions) (In Millions) Shares) (In Thousan<br />
29*<br />
21*<br />
59*<br />
49<br />
217*<br />
223*<br />
286*<br />
296<br />
7J_%<br />
754%<br />
7%<br />
654%<br />
5,209*<br />
5,219*<br />
5,144*<br />
5,012<br />
4,004*<br />
4,023*<br />
4,133*<br />
4,051<br />
4,943*<br />
4,005*<br />
5,510*<br />
4,506<br />
4,782t<br />
4,547t<br />
5,408t<br />
6,017<br />
91,655t<br />
69,063t<br />
145,006t<br />
72,523<br />
t Week ended Friday. One week earlier than other barometers.<br />
Summary of the Week's Developments<br />
for lower prices and toward the end of the week succeeded<br />
in their operations. The grain markets were<br />
Business was considerably depressed throughout the severely depressed. The breaks in stocks, cotton, silver<br />
week. There were many factors disturbing confidence. and other commodities, together with the Federal Re<br />
One of the most important was the continued weaknesses serve suggestion that liquidation of loans on the part<br />
in the stock and commodity markets. Notwithstanding of country banks is now imperative, exerted bearish<br />
the fact that in the past seven months the wholesale effects upon grain prices. Corn showed the greatest<br />
prices of commodities declined over 34.2 per cent, price weakness. There was no improvement in the sugar<br />
recessions continue. Another adverse factor is the reck market. The demand for raw sugars is weak. Refiners<br />
less issuing of Treasury notes. During the week a new have all they can do to take care of their arrivals and<br />
issue of $500,000,000 of these notes was made. The show no disposition to buy the sugars pressing for sale<br />
enormous estimates of government expenditures pre on the local market. Market opinion indicates that susented<br />
to Congress were further factors of importance. gar prices will work lower before the market steadies<br />
These great government expenditures are serious causes about the beginning of the new year.<br />
of inflation and tend to postpone the establishment of The foreign exchange market was irregular and closed<br />
normal business conditions according to The Street of quiet. The week ended with an active demand for ster<br />
December 11.<br />
ling and with French, Italian and Spanish rates a htlle<br />
Commercial failures in the United States amounted to up. The feature of the market during the week was the<br />
326, as compared with 339 in the preceding week, and extreme weakness of the rates on Greece due to political<br />
126 the corresponding week a year ago. Bank clearings developments. The rates on Scandinavia were weaker.<br />
continue to rise. The aggregate clearings this week The stock market declined throughout the week. On<br />
were $943,000,000 more than in the previous week. In the tenth the market broke badly on heavy trading.<br />
a liquidating market, a rise of this character should not The losses were well distributed among the rails and<br />
be expected.<br />
industrials. A feature of the week was the heavy sell<br />
The iron and steel markets were weak and producers ing of United States steel common, which establishes a<br />
found it difficult, even with slight price concessions, to new low record for the year when it sold down to 79#j<br />
develop new business. There were no new developments at noon on December 10.<br />
in the fuel markets. The copper market was quiet and<br />
little business was done in lead, zinc or tin.<br />
MONEY<br />
Continued liquidation occurred in the cotton market. Time money market was again unchanged rates being<br />
The weakness in cotton influenced the whole of the tex quoted at 7y@7y per cent', according to collateral<br />
tile industries. The domestic wool market was de and maturity. Borrowers, however, continue to bid<br />
pressed, and the New England textile industries have 7y per cent, but the supply at this figure was scarce<br />
been compelled to reduce the working hours, and in and business was generally confined to renewals.<br />
many cases, the number of employees. No improvement Mercantile paper rates were again unchanged at 7-|4@<br />
is shown in the coffee market. Bear operators played 8 per cent, with very little business done.<br />
LY-<br />
LY-<br />
LY<br />
m
FLUMBER and<br />
STEAM FITTER<br />
Vol. XCIV, No. 20 DECEMBER 31, 1920 $2.00 a Yeai<br />
Warm in Winter—Cool in Summer<br />
An Extraordinary System of Heating and Ventilating Which<br />
Keeps a Florida Climate in an Ohio Home the Year Round<br />
The heating and ventilation of the residence of<br />
C. E. Kettering, located at Dayton, Ohio, demonstrates<br />
the practicability of maintaining a desired temperature<br />
throughout the year. The planning of the residence<br />
and its equipment<br />
was done by<br />
Schenck & Williams,<br />
architects,<br />
920 Mutual Home<br />
building, Dayton.<br />
Ohio. The heating,<br />
ventilation and<br />
plumbing was installed<br />
by Brooks<br />
Sons, plumbing and<br />
heating contractors,<br />
of Dayton, Ohio.<br />
The scheme of<br />
heating and venti<br />
lation of this building<br />
is by supplying<br />
all rooms with<br />
fresh, washed, conditioned air at the proper temperature<br />
to maintain any desired temperature in rooms thus supplied.<br />
It was originally intended to heat this house with<br />
direct radiation using a two-pipe gravity system. The<br />
boiler was placed in the garage in order to eliminate<br />
all dirt and noise in the house. All other machinery,<br />
such as vacuum cleaners, refrigerating machine, water<br />
supply pump, etc., were also placed in the garage,<br />
which was connected to the house by a concrete electric<br />
lighted tunnel, as shown in Fig. 1. Through this<br />
tunnel are carried the steam and water mains and returns,<br />
vacuum main<br />
and electric conduit<br />
as shown.<br />
The original intent<br />
was changed in<br />
favor of a mechanically<br />
driven ventilating<br />
and heating<br />
system such as was<br />
installed. A No.<br />
48-10 Mills boiler.<br />
rated at 7800 sq.<br />
ft., manufactured<br />
by the H. B. Smith<br />
Co., Westfield,<br />
Mass., was set in<br />
the sub-basement<br />
RESIDENCE AND GARAGE OF C. E. KETTERING<br />
of the garage which<br />
is a four-story structure. In the basement of the garage<br />
a room was Wet apart for the heating and ventilating<br />
equipment, shown in Fig. 2. Fresh air is drawn through<br />
a screened window, thence through tempering coils, consisting<br />
of two stacks of 30 in. Vento radiation, composed<br />
of eight sections each, set vertically.<br />
After being tempered by these coils, the air passes<br />
through an American Blower Co. No. 2 self-contained<br />
V? _*-lw ^T. T.CT AfTJ T"WF. "ROOM SHOWING AUXILIARY FAN STEAM PIPING IN TUNNEL FROM GARAGE TO HOUSE
584 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31. 1920<br />
air washer, having a capacity of 4500 cu. ft. per<br />
minute. This unit is made up of a No. 00 washer<br />
36 in. wide, 50 in. high and 6 ft. 9 in. long. The air<br />
washer has four of the American Blower Co. standard<br />
all-metal, flushable type spray heads, controlled by a<br />
threeway valve installed outside of the washer near<br />
pump and standard eliminators and scrubbers.<br />
The pump handling the water for the air washer<br />
is a Buffalo pump \y in. double suction and handles<br />
24 gal. of water per minute. This pump is mounted<br />
on a sub-base with a 3 hp. electric motor direct connected<br />
with pump by flexible couplings and operates<br />
at 1165 r. p. m. The air washer is figured to remove<br />
98 per cent of all dust, dirt and solid matter from the<br />
entering air, with a resistance passing through the<br />
washer of 0.2 in. with a velocity of 500 ft. per minute,<br />
the air being cooled to within 85 per cent of the wet<br />
bulb depression, and containing no entrained moisture.<br />
The fan is a No. 4 single inlet Troy Sirocco and<br />
will deliver 4000 cu. ft. per minute against iy in.<br />
To all ducts leading to the various rooms of the<br />
house are connected mixing dampers to both the tempered<br />
air and hot air chambers in the usual manner,<br />
the dampers being operated by thermostats. The temperature<br />
of tempered and hot air is controlled bythermostats,<br />
operating on tempering and reheating coils.<br />
Each room in the house is equipped with a Johnson<br />
Service Co. heat regulator manufactured by the Johnson<br />
Service Co., Milwaukee, Wis., and also has a heat<br />
register placed in the floor or wall near the floor.<br />
Vitiated air is removed from the first story and basement<br />
rooms through fireplace flues, stair wells, kitchen<br />
range vent, etc. In the second story vent registers are<br />
provided, placed in floors and connected between beams<br />
to risers which are led to attic, and there tied into<br />
ventilators, one at each end of the building, extending<br />
above the roof and painted same color as the roof tile.<br />
A by-pass duct leads to the plenum chamber from<br />
an opening in the outside wall of house so that the<br />
house can be heated by gravity circulation in case the<br />
VIEW OF MACHINE ROOM GARAGE SHOWING AIR WASHER, TEMPERING COILS, STEAM AND WATER CONNECTIONS<br />
resistance water gauge. The speed of the fan is 550<br />
r. p. m. and requires approximately \y B. hp.<br />
From the washer the air goes to the fan and is<br />
forced through a galvanized iron duct to a 24-in. tile<br />
laid 3 ft. in the ground parallel to tunnel and under<br />
the house basement floor to a two-story plenum chamber.<br />
In this chamber are placed two sets of Vento<br />
heaters, both set horizontally; one the re-tempering<br />
coil, in the fresh air opening in the floor, and the<br />
other the re-heating coil, in opening in upper deck.<br />
The re-tempering coil is made up of two stacks of<br />
seven sections each of 30-in. Vento radiation; the reheating<br />
coil of three stacks eight sections each.<br />
plant is not operated. The by-pass damper is operated<br />
by an air switch placed on the starting rheostat at the<br />
fan so that when the fan is being operated the by-pass<br />
will be closed and vice versa.<br />
This job has been operated for the past 4 years<br />
and has proven entirely satisfactory to the owner.<br />
The record for fuel consumption for the winter of<br />
1918-1919 shows a fuel consumption of approximately<br />
50 tons. During the summer months the air washer<br />
and ventilating system is used to furnish a clean, cool<br />
supply of air for all rooms throughout the house,<br />
which allows of a comfortable atmosphere during all<br />
sorts of weather and at every season of the year-
December 31. 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER 585<br />
Accurate Plumbing and<br />
Heating Estimates—How Made<br />
The First of a Series of Articles Which Open Up the Details of Estimating,<br />
Explaining the Elementary Principles Involved and Covering<br />
the Most Modern Methods as Applied in Eliminating Approximation<br />
Broadly speaking, the making of an estimate consists<br />
first of planning how the work shall be done,<br />
setting down in an intelligent manner the necessary<br />
operations to carry out this plan, applying a labor cost<br />
to each operation, taking off quantities in making a bill<br />
"WHY TAKE THE RISK IN JUMPING? IT PAYS TO GO<br />
OVER THE SAFE ROUTE<br />
of materials, computing the cost of materials and applying<br />
overhead. Whether these steps are taken consecutively<br />
or not, all of them must be taken, otherwise<br />
the sum is arrived at by guess rather than by<br />
•estimating.<br />
Long experience makes possible shrewd guessing<br />
as to the probable cost of work, but the business that<br />
relies on this practice is on a slimpsy foundation.<br />
This is aptly illustrated by the experience of a general<br />
contractor who held an envious reputation for being a<br />
hustler and an expert in his business. He was full<br />
of pep and not only had the reputation, but did get<br />
more and better work from his men than other contractors<br />
in that locality. Further, he was an excellent<br />
executive and a close buyer. His jobs grew every<br />
minute of the working day.<br />
Let us call him Jones. When Jones got a job up, it<br />
went up with a bang. His men hustled for him. He<br />
hustled. You could give Jones a set of plans at<br />
night; get your estimate next morning. He was a<br />
regular demon for speed in estimating. Other contractors<br />
were dazed by it. They were unable to keep<br />
pace with Jones. One by one they dropped out of<br />
competition. When Jones got the plans, he virtually<br />
had the job. He made money. Things were going his<br />
way.<br />
Then, a peculiar co-incidence for that community<br />
•occurred. The plans for three big jobs, much larger<br />
BY HARVEY A. CALL<br />
PART I<br />
than Jones had been handling, were submitted for<br />
estimate during one month. Jones got the first one, a<br />
few days later the second one, and then made a<br />
clean sweep by landing the third one. It was common<br />
rumor that Jones figured one of those jobs in less<br />
than a day. He started all three jobs and finished<br />
them. They finished him. His losses on them forced<br />
him into bankruptcy. His quick estimates had been<br />
shrewd guesses.<br />
The guesses on the small jobs were an insufficient<br />
basis on which to arrive at the cost of the big ones.<br />
He guessed where he should have had accurate data<br />
on which to base his estimate. Jones went broke<br />
THE ROUGHING DIAGRAM<br />
It need not be drawn to scale or in proportion so long as<br />
it intelligently set. forth to the estimator a correct and accurate<br />
report of his reasoning and intent while planning<br />
guessing. All that he had gained in years of untiring<br />
and hard effort was lost on that "lame horse guess.<br />
While that is one of the extreme cases, there are<br />
thousands of jobs let to plumbers and steam fitters<br />
each year, on which they either face a direct loss or<br />
pull through with no profit, due largely or almost en-
T<br />
586 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER December 31, 1920<br />
tirely, to guessing and a lack of systematic calculation.<br />
In making estimates some approximations or guesses<br />
are unavoidable. However, these can be systematically<br />
reduced to a point where errors will not be of sufficient<br />
importance to jeopardize the entire profits, much less<br />
BASEMENT<br />
rlcvation of Front<br />
infringe on the capital employed in doing the work.<br />
In otber words, errors in approximations can be reduced<br />
to a point where they will be no back-fire to<br />
the estimate.<br />
A large part of plumbing and steam fitting shops<br />
have to do with two distinct types of estimates. The<br />
one is where detail plumbing and heating plans are<br />
furnished by the architect or engineers, and where<br />
provisions are made in the structure to accommodate<br />
the installation of these systems; the other where there<br />
are no detail plans of plumbing or heating and where<br />
the owner and architect expect the plumber and steamfitter<br />
to accommodate their work to the structure in<br />
such a manner as to meet the whims of the owner<br />
or architect. Those two problems are as fundamentally<br />
different as a bull dog and a bull frog.<br />
On the first class of estimate, careful, systematic and<br />
painstaking work will eliminate all error as to quantities<br />
and if reliable, accurate cost data sheets are<br />
available for use, it is a question of clerical accuracy<br />
to arrive at the cost of materials and labor, as well as<br />
the net estimate. The principal knowledge necessary<br />
is arithmetic and how to apply the information on<br />
the data sheets.<br />
The other class of estimates is usually on the<br />
smaller jobs, however, of a more difficult nature.<br />
The estimator in order to take off the quantities must<br />
visualize all lines of pipe as they will be erected in<br />
the building, including fittings, valves, etc., and foresee<br />
all obstacles that will be encountered in erecting<br />
the work. That means that he does the engineering<br />
on the job while making the estimate, and it will not<br />
be amiss to call attention here to the need of making<br />
his records of this engineering work in an intelligent<br />
manner so that his work will not have to be done<br />
a second time if he is the successful bidder.<br />
Detailed drawings made by the plumber or steam<br />
fitter for each job figured is prohibited by the small<br />
percentage of jobs secured on which estimates are<br />
made. Detail drawings not available, some simple<br />
and accurate method of recording intelligently the<br />
proposed manner of installation, the one on which<br />
the estimate is to be based, is necessary. This can<br />
also be made to serve as an additional check against<br />
error in taking off quantities.<br />
A long experience in estimating this type of work<br />
has evolved the following system: The first part<br />
pertaining to plumbing quantities. That the explanation<br />
may not become involved or confusing by complicated<br />
details, a simple plan of a cottage job, as<br />
shown in the illustration, will suffice to convey the<br />
methods employed and allow of the reasoning being<br />
simple.<br />
In approaching this estimate it will be well to get<br />
past the stage of trying to fool ourselves. We must<br />
get down to bed rock facts. The first one is thisr<br />
The estimate is made with the intent to land the job.<br />
This estimator is going to get it. Now that is so<br />
because if you were sure the other fellow was going<br />
to win it, why bid? Then, if you are going to get<br />
the job, first, you must make sure of a profit; second,<br />
you can do it most economically by doing each part<br />
of it once only. Therefore you must do each part so<br />
that you do not have to go back and do it a second<br />
time.<br />
That reasoning is as important, if not more important,<br />
when applied to doing the estimating part of<br />
that job as it is to any other part of the work. It<br />
is an old and true saying, "A job well planned is<br />
half done." But, if you make plans so that they<br />
cannot be read all the planning will have to be done a<br />
second time, if the work gets away to a good start.<br />
With this as the basis of our start, let us assume<br />
that the soil and water pipe for this job will begin at<br />
Plon of Bo lament<br />
5cc*l
December 31. 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
retain just how we planned to install the pipe on four<br />
or five of these jobs. Therefore, if we are to have a<br />
record of what we plan to do in this particular case,<br />
it had better be made now. Further, experience has<br />
shown that it can be done now, that it will save time,<br />
reduce errors and pay in dollar profits. The easiest<br />
way is to draw an outline of the piping as we propose<br />
to install it.<br />
The making of this outline or sketch must be done<br />
in a careful, systematic manner so that it will include<br />
and indicate all pipe and fittings, and be intelligible<br />
for future reference,'better when drawn as a<br />
perspective view. However, it is not intended that a<br />
man must be an expert draftsman to be an estimator.<br />
It need not be drawn to scale or in proportion, so<br />
long as it intelligently sets forth to the estimator a<br />
correct and accurate report of his reasoning and intent<br />
while planning.<br />
Let us start the outline for the house illustrated by<br />
beginning at the point outside of foundation marked<br />
A, Fig. 1. From this point we continue inside of<br />
cellar wall. Here a clean-out fitting is necessary. In<br />
this particular case lack of room forces us to put<br />
the trap against the side wall of cellar, so the cleanout<br />
fitting will be a Y, and so we draw the horizontal<br />
Plan of First Floor<br />
-We -'-/_?"<br />
6<br />
line from A indicating the Y, by an oblique line.<br />
Into the end Y is house trap.<br />
The next fitting is a sanitary tee to receive the fresh<br />
air inlet, drawn as shown. Now we must decide what<br />
is to be done with the fresh air inlet. By referring<br />
to the plan it is evident that it cannot be taken out<br />
through the front wall of building and brought up<br />
along side of front door and steps, nor can we let it<br />
interfere with getting the soil stack up with the least<br />
number of sharp bends. Then the thing that must<br />
be done is to take the fresh air inlet out through<br />
the side wall either over or under the soil stack.<br />
If it goes over the stack it will require offset fittings.<br />
Therefore, it had better go out through wall up to<br />
587<br />
a point above ground level, and finish with vent cap<br />
therefore, we draw in the sketch a line up, across<br />
and up indicating the vent cap at the top, as shown in<br />
lie sketch. From the run outlet of sanitary tee the<br />
me must rise. A quarter bend is placed in this outlet,<br />
facing up Now we have to get the stack back to<br />
the front of building so that its vertical rise can be<br />
along front wall of building.<br />
On figuring to make this offset, it must be borne<br />
in mind that the amount of room which is available<br />
determines how it must be done. In this case we are<br />
leaving cellar 4 ft. under bottom Hine of beams<br />
Ihen the trap, tee and quarter bend will bring the<br />
Plan of Second Floor<br />
Scale f-/^"<br />
center line of quarter bend at least 33 in. from the<br />
front wall. Now if we put an eighth bend in the<br />
quarter bend it will not clear the fresh air inlet pipe.<br />
Then we must rise. This determines that we 'can<br />
very readily place a 4 x 2-in. Y into the quarter bend<br />
to receive the sink waste, an eighth bend in Y, and<br />
run from that bend to a second eighth bend to<br />
quarter bend and up to attic, offset with two eighths<br />
bends to get back from the eave line, and thence<br />
through the roof, inserting a 4-in. sanitary tee to<br />
receive the closet waste, a 4 x 2-in. Y to receive lavatory<br />
and bath wastes and 4 x 2-in. tee to receive vents<br />
from lavatory and bath.<br />
Then the lines of our sketch would have been developed<br />
from quarter bend up, Y indicated, 45-deg.<br />
angle up, 45-deg. angle across, 90-deg. angle up, Y<br />
and sanitary tee indicated up, 45-deg. angle tee indicated,<br />
up to 45-deg. angle, thence up through roof,<br />
intersection at roof indicated by sloping line.<br />
The outline of the stack finished the sink waste is<br />
then started. From the 4 x 2-in. Y left in stack for<br />
this fixture, it is necessary to rise on a 45-deg. angle,<br />
to get pipe above the top of the cellar door where it<br />
crosses the doorway on its way to the sink. So the<br />
line is drawn on 45 deg. up to the first eighth bend<br />
drainage fitting. From this point the pipe will run on<br />
a grade to a point at which a 45-deg. bend will bring<br />
it into position to make the vertical rise to receive sink<br />
waste, in this case about 8 ft. from the rear wall of<br />
(Continued on Page 600)
588 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31, 1920<br />
When a Bank Account Pays the Bank<br />
If Yours Does, Do You Get the Accommodation You Deserve<br />
and Ask For? If Yours Doesn't, Are You Doing Your Part<br />
to Compensate ^the Bank for Carrying Your Account?<br />
There are many details which influence the opinion In the absence of a statement from a depositor the<br />
of the banker as to the value of your account. In the banker gets information on which to base his opinion<br />
first place an account to be of real value to the bank from other sources, sometimes from personal observa<br />
must be one on which the bank makes a profit and on tion, at other times from commercial ratings, observa<br />
which it is not forced to take a questionable risk. tions of some two or three reliable men who know the<br />
Those are the two elementary items which the banker depositor and in many other ways. Many times this is<br />
considers in relation to every account.<br />
unfair to the depositor and greatly inconveniences him<br />
It is therefore plain that for the depositor to get by reducing the credit which he should have from the<br />
equitable treatment, he should spare no pains in lay bank. However, the banker has done the best he<br />
ing before the banker the data of his business in order could to get reliable information and the small deposi<br />
that the banker can have complete knowledge of the tor has done nothing to merit the consideration which<br />
facts of that business on which to base his decision as he seeks, so the ill effects are really caused by the<br />
to the degree of risk to be assumed by the bank in negligence of the depositor who suffers the penalty.<br />
handling that account.<br />
In considering the statement the banker regards<br />
DUTY OF THE SMALL DEPOSITOR<br />
equipment of little value except to the owner. However,<br />
he does take into consideration the class of work<br />
In the country and smaller city banks a depositor done, the class of customers for whom it is done, the<br />
must keep an average balance of $200 in the bank in degree of satisfaction and confidence the customers<br />
order that the bank may break even on the transaction. have in the business man and the methods employed by<br />
It costs the bank all it can earn with the $200 to pay the depositor in doing his work, as well as the nature of<br />
for its stationery furnished free of charge to the de the material being handled. Perishable goods and specpositors,<br />
clerical work and overhead expense (light, ialties are looked upon with less favor from the banker's<br />
beat, etc.) necessary to carrying the account. In the viewpoint than the handling of staple or imperishable<br />
larger city banks a minimum balance is set by the bank goods. It will be seen that the plumber or steam fitter<br />
as the lowest amount it will entertain to open or carry who takes a pride in having his work well done and<br />
an account. This minimum is based on the cost of appreciated by customers will insist on making his<br />
carrying an account. The practice therefore elimin service rendered compare favorably with the cost to<br />
ates all accounts which could be carried by the bank- his customer has a much better reputation with his<br />
only at a loss.<br />
banker than the one who uses slipshod methods with<br />
The country and smaller city banks, having a closer consequent complaints and dissatisfaction from custo<br />
contact, a more intimate personal knowledge of its mers.<br />
depositors, usually are willing to carry a new small<br />
account until such time as a depositor is able to build<br />
FACTS AS CONSIDERED BY BANKER<br />
it up to a place where it will pay the bank to handle it. The personal loan by the smaller banks is decided<br />
Therefore, it behooves the depositor who cannot main by the banker on the basis of information which he<br />
tain a balance sufficient to pay for the cost of carrying has relative to the depositor making the request.<br />
the account to offset this by showing the banker his However, the banks consider that in order that the<br />
appreciation of the courtesy extended by the bank in loan be a safe investment for the bank, quick assets<br />
co-operating with him in the building up of his reserve. of the business seeking the loan should be at least two<br />
The small account in many cases will be held in and a half times greater than its quick liabilities. The<br />
greater value by the banker than some of the larger quick assets should include cash on hand and in bank,<br />
account. The small depositor will take the banker available stock, securities, real estate and bills receiv<br />
into his confidence and give him a statement at least able. In other words, the bank does not want to put<br />
once a year founded on real facts showing the net more money into the business of the depositor than<br />
business done and the profits made. The small de the owner of that business.<br />
positor will gain by this in that the banker will be glad The banker is no longer a little tin god who wants<br />
to assist him in analyzing the business of the depositor to be looked up to. He is in business to sell his<br />
and point out such errors or bad business practice as money and to get paid for it the same as any other<br />
exist. Further than being in close contact with the merchant If the depositor does not treat the banker<br />
methods used in many different businesses the banker with intelligence and courtesy it is rather more than<br />
is in a position to suggest practical solution which will we can expect of human nature to believe the banker<br />
correct the bad practices and prevent a repetition. will extend anything but like treatment to the depositor.<br />
The banks not only like to have these statements but However, ,f the plumber or steam fitter, even<br />
want them as the bank has a system of tabulating in<br />
though his bank balance be small, uses courtesy and<br />
formation contained in the statements on forms es intelligence in his banking business, his banker will<br />
pecially for that purpose and from year to year these be glad to assist him by loaning him such money as he<br />
are prepared, allowing the banker to form a reasonably<br />
may need in his business. Further than that the<br />
correct opinion as to the business ability of the deposi<br />
more accurate and explicit information the small<br />
tor and of the earning power of the business. It is on man places in possession of the banker, the more<br />
this information, largely, that the banker is able to de<br />
equitable will be the treatment accorded the applicant<br />
termine the risk assumed in making a loan to the<br />
Co-operation with your banker is essential to a sound<br />
depositor.<br />
business policy.
December 31,[1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 589<br />
4<br />
Figure That Any Way You Like, Unless You Deliberately Fool Yourself,<br />
the Answer Is the Same—That Applies in the Plumbing and Heating Industry<br />
as in Any Other—If the Plumbing Contractor Neglects a Possible<br />
Opportunity, He Reduces His Possible Profits by Just That Much<br />
If a plumbing or heating contractor has four ways<br />
'of making profits and one is neglected by him or<br />
grabbed off by some other industry, he has but three<br />
left. Therefore, if any are to be neglected, and profits<br />
THE JARVIS THERMO FLASH<br />
Makes any gas water lieater automatic—B. Ryan<br />
Co., manufacturers, 372 West Fifteenth Street,<br />
New York City<br />
A WICKLESS KER<br />
OSENE WATER<br />
HEATER<br />
Manufactured by the<br />
Hotstream Heater Co.,<br />
Cleveland, Ohio<br />
are to be considered, they should be the ones producing<br />
questionable profits. By that is meant the<br />
branches of business which sometimes produce profits<br />
and other times losses.<br />
Water heaters have been in many cases neglected by<br />
the plumbing contractor. Where gas is to be had, gas<br />
companies have put a little effort in their sale, primarily<br />
to increase the consumption of their product,<br />
gas, incidentally grabbing off the profit belonging to<br />
the plumbing contractor. In communities where gas<br />
is not available, the sale of the kerosene type of water<br />
heater has scarcely scratched the surface of the field<br />
of opportunities offered by this class of heater.<br />
In the final analysis profits are the acid test of<br />
business. Profits are the only justification for investing<br />
money, and assuming the worries, cares and responsibilities<br />
which are a positive obligation to the<br />
business head.<br />
Good business then demands of the business head<br />
that he carefully scan the field for opportunities to<br />
make a legitimate profit. The better the business man,<br />
the more will he avoid cut-throat competition by developing<br />
other opportunities of profit. The result is<br />
that his men are kept busy on work at a profitable<br />
price, and the profit once made does not have to sustain<br />
losses incident to business taken in cut-throat<br />
competition, simply to keep the men going.<br />
Water heaters are one of the opportunities of every<br />
plumbing contractor to get some profit. In some<br />
communities, the total money to be made is larger<br />
than in others. Still in every community the water<br />
heater can be used as a means to the end—satisfactory<br />
profits.<br />
Even if the prospect who is approached by the plumbing<br />
contractor with sales talk and an explanation of<br />
the water heater, does not at once place an order for<br />
a heater, the plumbing contractor in thus approaching<br />
AMERICAN INSTANTANEOUS WATER<br />
HEATER<br />
Made by the American Heater Corporation, St.<br />
Louis, Mo.<br />
him has made a gain. He has made an impression<br />
on that prospect. If he has mastered water heaters<br />
and presented the information in a logical and intelligent<br />
manner, the prospect is bound to recognize the
590 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31, 1920<br />
ability displayed. The water heater has furnished the There are thousands of other cases where intelligent<br />
medium through which this display of ability has been presentation of the salient features of modern water<br />
VERTICAL<br />
WATER VALVE<br />
SPOUT TYPE<br />
GAS BURNERS<br />
IZ IN ADJUSTABLE<br />
TRIPOD LEG BASE<br />
COLD WATER INLET<br />
THROUGH WATER VALVE<br />
CANOPY TOP<br />
DRAFT HOOD<br />
COPPER COILS<br />
DEAD AIR<br />
INSULATION<br />
DETACHABLE<br />
LOWER SECTION<br />
COIL<br />
_ HOT WATER<br />
OUTLET<br />
INTERNAL<br />
THERMOSTAT<br />
ANALYTICAL VIKW OF PITTSBURGH BUNGALOW WATER<br />
HEATER<br />
Made by Pittsburgh Water Heater Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.<br />
REGULATING<br />
VALVE<br />
"C"<br />
THERMOSTAT<br />
ADJUSTMENT<br />
WATER/ *"!•<br />
VALVE PLUN<br />
COLD WATER<br />
GAS CONNECTION TO<br />
BURNER<br />
JAM NUTS<br />
THERMOSTAT<br />
BRACKET<br />
COIL CONNECTIONS<br />
OAS INLET<br />
TYPICAL WATER AND GAS VALVE<br />
View showing simplicity of construction<br />
made possible and which, in the majority of cases,<br />
leads to future business in other branches.<br />
HOFFMAN INSTANTANEOUS HEATER<br />
Manufactured by Hoffman Heater Co., Lorain, Ohio<br />
PILOT BURNER<br />
BUflNEH<br />
POSIT ION I<br />
PATENTED<br />
CAS BURNERS<br />
VENT TO FLUE<br />
REMOVABLE CAST<br />
EXTERIOR CAST<br />
IRON SHELL '<br />
CAST IRON<br />
ANALYTICAL VIEW OF RUUD AUTOMATIC WATER HEATER<br />
Manufactured by Ruud Manufacturing Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.<br />
heaters result in the sales of the apparatus. That<br />
means profit on the heaters, profit on the labor and<br />
material used in making the installation, and a further<br />
opportunity of getting acquainted with the customer,<br />
discovering and analyzing his needs, thus pre-
December 31, 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
paring and paving a way for some future business.<br />
In presenting information on water heaters to prospects<br />
there are a few things to keep in mind. All<br />
men, as a rule, pride themselves on having a certain<br />
amount of mechanical ability. Information relative<br />
to the mechanical operation and cost of heating water<br />
per unit will interest them. Most men have some<br />
pride in the home and a desire to make the burdens<br />
less and increase the comforts of their families.<br />
Therefore, information of the convenience afforded by<br />
the heater and the assurance of an ever present and<br />
sufficient supply of hot water, will be of interest to those<br />
men.<br />
Women, while they are interested in having lots of<br />
hot water, will consider and be more pleased in learning<br />
of the safety of this device, its cleanly operation and<br />
labor saving features. From this it will be seen that<br />
in order to make a success of selling water heaters,<br />
one must have a comprehensive knowledge of them,<br />
their construction, their mechanical operation, labor<br />
saving and safety features.<br />
That is no hardship on the plumbing contractor; in<br />
fact, it is to his advantage. He is a mechanic. His<br />
mind is adapted to mastering mechanical details. He<br />
facturing Co., Cleveland, Ohio<br />
can grasp and intelligently explain mechanical operation.<br />
In most cases his competitor, the gas man, cannot.<br />
Therefore, the sale of water heaters, when the<br />
same energy is displayed in each case, will be made<br />
by the plumber.<br />
All necessary information relative to water heaters<br />
can be had by the plumbing contractor from the<br />
manufacturers. They publish literature explaining the<br />
features of their product, also detailed explanation of<br />
its mechanical operation. They also publish pamphlets<br />
and bulletins for distribution by the plumbing contractor<br />
to the public and maintain an expert engineering<br />
and sales force, whose sen-ices are free to the<br />
plumbing contractor for such assistance as he may<br />
need in deciding sizes of equipment needed and any<br />
special information desired as to sales methods.<br />
In taking advantage of this assistance of the manufacturers,<br />
the plumbing contractor brings to the sup-<br />
HUMPHREY COTTAGE WATER HEATER<br />
Manufactured by Humphrey Co., Kalamazoo, Mich.<br />
port of his effort the specialized training of experts.<br />
He increases his force at no extra cost to him. The<br />
results are bound to show in larger profits for the<br />
plumbing contractor. The larger they are, the greater<br />
has he proven his business ability by the acid test of<br />
business.<br />
A Good Choice<br />
William A. Bradford, executive secretary of the<br />
Massachusetts Sanitary Club, former president of<br />
the Massachusetts Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
and founder of the William A. Bradford Co., plumbing<br />
and heating contractors of Quincy, Mass., has<br />
added another laurel to his already long list by becoming<br />
mayor of Quincy, Mass., a city of approximately<br />
65,000 population. Mayor Bradford has<br />
served for several terms in the city council. One<br />
of his opponents, ex-Mayor G. B. Bates, is likewise<br />
in the plumbing business and finished third in a<br />
hotly contested four cornered contest. Bradford's<br />
plurality was 652.<br />
Illinois State Convention<br />
Don't f<strong>org</strong>et thc dates—January 25, 26, 27, 1921.<br />
Arrange to attend. If you are not an' association<br />
member, the benefits accruing from your attendance<br />
at this convention will justify your becoming one<br />
at once. Active work with your association will<br />
prove enjoyable and profitable throughout the year.<br />
Put your pound on the wheel; it is needed to gain<br />
for the industry the prestige which it so richly deserves.
592<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31. 1920<br />
How to Determine Power Required for Pumping<br />
The power required for pumping depends primarily<br />
upon two factors—the weight of the liquid to be<br />
pumped per minute and the vertical height it has to<br />
be raised from the source of supply to the point of<br />
delivery. In addition to these two principal factors,<br />
allowance must be made in practice for the power required<br />
to overcome the losses in the pumping equipment<br />
and the friction in the pipe lines.<br />
To get the power required in terms of horsepower,<br />
multiply the weight of the liquid to be pumped per<br />
minute in pounds by the height it has to be lifted and<br />
forced in feet and divide this by 33,000. This gives<br />
us the following formula:<br />
Horse Power =<br />
Weight of liquid per minute in pounds<br />
33,000<br />
A Reliable Method of Estimating Power<br />
Required Under Actual Working Conditions<br />
X Height pumped in feet<br />
The above gives the theoretical power required.<br />
The actual power needed to do the work will be in<br />
excess of this, the amount depending upon the losses.<br />
To get the actual power required, the figure represent-<br />
Gal's<br />
per<br />
Min..<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
5<br />
10<br />
15<br />
20<br />
25<br />
30<br />
35<br />
40<br />
45<br />
50<br />
70<br />
75<br />
100<br />
120<br />
125<br />
150<br />
175<br />
200<br />
225<br />
250<br />
270<br />
275<br />
300<br />
350<br />
400<br />
450<br />
470<br />
475<br />
500<br />
550<br />
600<br />
650<br />
700<br />
750<br />
800<br />
850<br />
900<br />
950<br />
1000<br />
1050<br />
1100<br />
1150<br />
1200<br />
1250<br />
1/2 Inch Pipe<br />
Vel.<br />
1.05<br />
2.10<br />
3.16<br />
4.21<br />
5.26<br />
10 52<br />
Fric..<br />
1.50<br />
5.30<br />
11.30<br />
19.20<br />
29.00<br />
105.00<br />
3/4 Inch Pipe<br />
Vel. .<br />
1.20<br />
1.80<br />
2.41<br />
3.01<br />
6.02<br />
9.02<br />
12.03<br />
Fric. . Vel.<br />
1.40<br />
2.90<br />
5.00<br />
7.50<br />
27.10<br />
57.0C<br />
97.0C<br />
1 Inch Pipe<br />
1.12<br />
1.40<br />
1.86<br />
3.72<br />
6.13<br />
7.44<br />
9.30<br />
11.15<br />
13.02<br />
11.88<br />
TABLE No. t— FRICTION OF WATER PIPES.<br />
power obtained, by the efficiency of the pumping outfit,<br />
and this result should be expressed as a decimal.<br />
With these corrections our formula becomes:<br />
W X H<br />
Horse Power =<br />
33,000 X E<br />
Where W is the weight of liquid pumped per<br />
minute in pounds, H is the total head in feet including<br />
looss of head due to friction in pipe lines and E is the<br />
efficiency of the pump.<br />
To illustrate with an example: Suppose we wish to<br />
pump 300 gal. of water per minute against a combined<br />
lift and force of 200 ft. Suppose further that the<br />
pipe line will be 5 in. in diameter, 400 ft. long and<br />
that it has five 90 deg. elbows.<br />
From table No. 1 we get the following:<br />
Friction loss in 100 ft. of 5-in. pipe discharging 300<br />
gal. per minute = 2.25 ft. For 400 ft. = 4 X 2.25<br />
= 9 ft.<br />
From table No. 2 we get:<br />
Friction loss in 1, 5 in., 90-deg. elbow, discharging 300<br />
Loss of head in feet due to friction, per 100 feet of new. smooth, wrought iron pipe<br />
Fric.<br />
0.90<br />
1.52<br />
2.32<br />
8.40<br />
18.90<br />
30.10<br />
45.50<br />
64.0,0<br />
85.00<br />
109.00<br />
.1 1/4 In. Pipe<br />
Vel.<br />
0 86<br />
1.07<br />
2.14<br />
3.92<br />
4.29<br />
5.36<br />
6.43<br />
7.51<br />
8.58<br />
9(68<br />
10.72<br />
15.01<br />
Fric.<br />
0.40<br />
0.60<br />
2.18<br />
4.65<br />
7.90<br />
11.90<br />
16.90<br />
22.30<br />
28.50<br />
35.20<br />
43.20<br />
81.00<br />
1 1/2 In. PiP e<br />
2 Inch Pipe. . 2 1/2 In. Pipe<br />
Vel.<br />
0.63<br />
0.79<br />
1.57<br />
2.72<br />
3.15<br />
4.56<br />
4.72<br />
5.51<br />
6.30<br />
7\0S<br />
7.87<br />
11.02<br />
11.S0<br />
15.74<br />
•<br />
Fric.<br />
0.19<br />
0.28<br />
1.02<br />
2.25<br />
3.70<br />
5.60<br />
7.80<br />
10.30<br />
13.30<br />
16.60<br />
20.20<br />
37.60<br />
42.70<br />
73.00<br />
ing the height pumped should be increased by the loss<br />
of head in feet due to friction in the pipe line. This<br />
can be determined by the Tables No. 1 and 2.<br />
The result determined in this way must then be<br />
corrected for the power loss in the pumping equipment.<br />
This is accomplished by dividing the horse<br />
Vel.<br />
0.51<br />
1.02<br />
1.53<br />
2.04<br />
2.55<br />
3.06<br />
3.57<br />
4.08<br />
4.60<br />
5.11<br />
7.15<br />
7.66<br />
10.21<br />
12.25<br />
12.75<br />
15.30<br />
Fric..<br />
0.09<br />
0.36<br />
0.81<br />
1.29<br />
1.S6<br />
2.73<br />
3.66<br />
4.6S<br />
5.80<br />
7.10<br />
13.20<br />
14.90<br />
25.60<br />
36.00<br />
38.90<br />
54 00<br />
Vel.<br />
0.33<br />
0.65<br />
0.98<br />
1.31<br />
1.63<br />
1.96<br />
2.29<br />
2.62<br />
2.95<br />
3.30<br />
4.60<br />
4.93<br />
6.54<br />
7.84<br />
8.16<br />
9.80<br />
11.43<br />
13.07<br />
0.05<br />
0.12<br />
0.25<br />
0.43<br />
0.66<br />
0.92<br />
1.23<br />
1.55<br />
1.97<br />
2.3S<br />
4.42<br />
5.0"<br />
8.6C<br />
12.0C<br />
13.0<br />
18.71<br />
23.7(<br />
30.91<br />
3 Inch Pipe.<br />
Fric . Vel.. Fric. Vel.<br />
0.45<br />
0.6S<br />
0.91<br />
1.13<br />
1.36<br />
1.59<br />
1.82<br />
2.02<br />
2.27<br />
3.18<br />
3.41<br />
4.54<br />
5.45<br />
5.68<br />
6.80<br />
7.92<br />
9.08<br />
10.42<br />
11.28<br />
12.45<br />
12.70<br />
13.62<br />
. . 1<br />
0.05<br />
011<br />
0.18<br />
0.27<br />
0.38<br />
0.51<br />
0.65<br />
0.80<br />
0.98<br />
1.83<br />
2.11<br />
3.52<br />
4.97<br />
5.40<br />
7.72<br />
9.75<br />
12.80<br />
16.00<br />
19.70<br />
22.70<br />
23.60<br />
27.10<br />
4 Inch Pipe.<br />
1.02<br />
1.17<br />
1.28<br />
1.79<br />
1.92<br />
2.55<br />
3.06<br />
3.19<br />
3.84<br />
4.45<br />
5.11<br />
6.32<br />
6.40<br />
6.90<br />
7.03<br />
7.66<br />
8.90<br />
10.20<br />
11.50<br />
12.16<br />
12.30<br />
12.77<br />
Fric.<br />
0.16<br />
0.20<br />
0.24<br />
0.45<br />
0.52<br />
0.88<br />
' 1:22<br />
1.33<br />
1.82<br />
2^40<br />
3.12<br />
4.72<br />
4.SC<br />
5-.5J<br />
5.71<br />
6.7C<br />
8.8C<br />
11.3C<br />
14.lt<br />
lfi.OC<br />
1«.4(<br />
17.2(<br />
5 Inch Pipe.<br />
Vel.<br />
1.14<br />
1.22<br />
1.63<br />
1.96<br />
2.04<br />
2.45<br />
2.86<br />
3.27<br />
3.67<br />
4.08<br />
.4.42<br />
4.53<br />
4.90<br />
5.72<br />
6.54<br />
7.35<br />
7.78<br />
"7.88<br />
8.17<br />
8.99<br />
9.80<br />
• 10.62<br />
11.44<br />
12.26<br />
Fnc..<br />
0.15<br />
0.17<br />
0.29<br />
0.41<br />
0.46<br />
0 63<br />
0.84<br />
1.06<br />
1.33<br />
1.60<br />
L86<br />
1.94<br />
2.25<br />
2.99<br />
3.81<br />
4.75<br />
5.30<br />
5.41<br />
5.80<br />
6.90<br />
8.10<br />
9.40'<br />
10.80<br />
12.30<br />
6 Inch Pip«<br />
Vel.<br />
1.14<br />
1.42<br />
1.48<br />
1.71<br />
2.00<br />
2.28<br />
2.57<br />
2.80<br />
3.03<br />
3.06<br />
3.40<br />
3.98<br />
4.54<br />
5.12<br />
5.49<br />
5.55<br />
5.60<br />
6.16<br />
6.72<br />
7.28<br />
7.84<br />
• 8.50<br />
9.08<br />
9.58<br />
10.30<br />
10.72<br />
11.32<br />
11.90<br />
12.50<br />
12.95<br />
13.52<br />
14.10<br />
Fnc<br />
0.10<br />
0.18<br />
0.20<br />
0.23<br />
0.34<br />
8.44<br />
0.53<br />
0.66<br />
0.81<br />
0.82<br />
0.92<br />
1.21<br />
1.58<br />
1.96<br />
2.23<br />
2.30<br />
2.33<br />
2.81<br />
3.36<br />
3.93<br />
4.56<br />
5.00<br />
5.64<br />
6.25<br />
7.22<br />
7.65<br />
8.60<br />
9.50<br />
10.22<br />
10.96<br />
11.92<br />
11.00<br />
gal. per minute is equivalent to an additional 18 ft. of<br />
5 in. pipe. Five elbows = 5 X18 = 90 ft. additional.<br />
0.90 X 2.25 = 2 ft. friction.<br />
The total head "H" therefore, is 200 + 9 + 2 = 211<br />
ft.<br />
Water weighs about 8.33 lb. per U. S. gallon. The
December 31. 1920 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER<br />
EFFICIENCY CURVE CHART FOR TRIPLEX PUMPS AT VARYING HEAPS<br />
Goulds Bulletin No. 112, showing pump efficiency varies with per cent of rated<br />
head and water pumped, efficiency increasing as load approaches rating<br />
Pump Efficiency Curve Index<br />
GPM<br />
2<br />
4<br />
6<br />
6<br />
9<br />
12<br />
18<br />
18<br />
25<br />
25<br />
40<br />
60<br />
Size<br />
1J.X 2<br />
154 x 2^4<br />
2 x 3<br />
iyx 2'/_<br />
2 x 3<br />
2'/_x 4<br />
2^x 4<br />
3 x 4<br />
3 x 4<br />
314 x 4<br />
4 x 6<br />
4 x 6<br />
Curve<br />
0<br />
M<br />
M<br />
K<br />
K T<br />
I<br />
G<br />
F<br />
F<br />
E<br />
C<br />
GPM<br />
100<br />
125<br />
125<br />
150<br />
175<br />
175<br />
200<br />
250<br />
250<br />
300<br />
300<br />
350<br />
S ze<br />
5 x 8<br />
5 x 8<br />
6 x 8<br />
6 x 8<br />
6 x 8<br />
7 x 8<br />
7 x 8<br />
7 x 8<br />
7 xlO<br />
7 xlO<br />
8 xlO<br />
8 xlO<br />
Cui<br />
B<br />
A<br />
C<br />
B<br />
A<br />
C<br />
B<br />
A<br />
B<br />
A<br />
B<br />
A<br />
593
594 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31. 1920<br />
weight pumped per minute will be 8.33 X 300 = 2499 lb.<br />
Assuming that under the conditions given, the pump<br />
has an efficiency of 85 per cent, and<br />
Substituting these values in our formula<br />
hp.<br />
Qals<br />
Min.<br />
40<br />
« 50<br />
70<br />
75<br />
100<br />
120<br />
125<br />
150<br />
175<br />
200<br />
225<br />
250<br />
270<br />
275<br />
300<br />
350<br />
400<br />
450<br />
470<br />
475<br />
500<br />
550<br />
600<br />
650<br />
700<br />
750<br />
800<br />
850<br />
900<br />
950<br />
1000<br />
1050<br />
1100<br />
11.50<br />
1200<br />
1 250<br />
1500<br />
2000<br />
4000<br />
4200<br />
4500<br />
5000<br />
5500<br />
6000<br />
6500<br />
7000<br />
7200<br />
8500<br />
7500<br />
8000 9000<br />
9500<br />
10000<br />
WXH<br />
we get:<br />
33,000 X E<br />
2499X211<br />
P. = H.<br />
18.79<br />
33,000 X .85<br />
4 Inch Pipe<br />
Vel.<br />
1.02<br />
1.17<br />
1.28<br />
1.79<br />
1.92<br />
2.55<br />
3.06<br />
3.19<br />
3.84<br />
4.45<br />
5.11<br />
6.32<br />
6.40<br />
6.90<br />
7.03<br />
7.66<br />
8 90<br />
10.20<br />
11 50<br />
12.16<br />
12.30<br />
12.77<br />
Fric.<br />
0.22<br />
0.28<br />
0.34<br />
0.63<br />
0.73<br />
1.23<br />
1.71<br />
1.86<br />
2.55<br />
3.36<br />
4.37<br />
6.61<br />
6.72<br />
7.70<br />
7.99<br />
9.38<br />
12.32<br />
15.82<br />
19.74<br />
22.40<br />
22.96<br />
24.08<br />
5 Inch Pipe.<br />
Vel.<br />
1.14<br />
1.22<br />
1.63<br />
1.96<br />
2.04<br />
2.45<br />
2.86<br />
3.27<br />
3.67<br />
4.08<br />
4.42<br />
4.50<br />
4.90<br />
5.72<br />
6.54<br />
7.35<br />
7.78<br />
7.88<br />
8.17<br />
8.99<br />
9.80<br />
10.62<br />
11.44<br />
12.26<br />
Fric.<br />
0.21<br />
0.24<br />
0.39<br />
0.57<br />
0.64<br />
0.88<br />
1.18<br />
1.48<br />
1.86<br />
2 24<br />
2.60<br />
2.72<br />
3.15<br />
4.19<br />
5.33<br />
6.65<br />
7.22<br />
7.42<br />
8.12<br />
9.66<br />
11.34<br />
13.16<br />
15.12<br />
17.22<br />
6 Inch Pipe.<br />
Vel.<br />
1.14<br />
1.42<br />
1.48<br />
1.71<br />
2.00<br />
2.28<br />
2.57<br />
2.80<br />
3.03<br />
3.06<br />
3.40<br />
3.98<br />
4.54<br />
5.12<br />
5.49<br />
5.55<br />
5.60<br />
6.16<br />
6.72<br />
7.28<br />
7.84<br />
8.50<br />
9.08<br />
9.58<br />
10.30<br />
10.72<br />
11.32<br />
11.90<br />
12.50<br />
12.95<br />
1352<br />
H.10<br />
Vel— V( locity ft. per seco id. Fric —Frictio n head in feet.<br />
Size of Elbow, ln.hes<br />
Friction Equivalent Feet Straight Pipe. .<br />
1/2<br />
5<br />
lip.<br />
TABLE No. 2<br />
is the total head in feet including loss of head due to<br />
friction in pipe, and E is the efficiency of the pump,<br />
expressed as a decimal. This formula is satisfactory<br />
for all practical purposes, where water is the liquid<br />
pumped.<br />
The foregoing data and tables are based on information<br />
compiled by the Goulds Manufacturing Co.,<br />
Seneca Falls, and published in its bulletin No. 112.<br />
This is another illustration of the valuable information<br />
contained in trade literature as published by the<br />
manufacturer and which can be had for the asking.<br />
Loss of head in feet due to friction per 100 feet of new ordinary cast iron pipe<br />
Fric.<br />
0.14<br />
0.25<br />
0.28<br />
0.32<br />
0.48<br />
0.62<br />
0.74<br />
0.92<br />
1.13<br />
1.15<br />
1.29<br />
1.69<br />
2.21<br />
2.74<br />
3.12<br />
3.21<br />
3.26<br />
3.93<br />
4.70<br />
5.50<br />
6.38<br />
7.00<br />
7.90<br />
8.75<br />
10.11<br />
10.71<br />
12.04<br />
13.30<br />
14.31<br />
15.34<br />
16.69<br />
18.20<br />
3/4<br />
6<br />
8 Inch Pipe.<br />
Vel.<br />
1.60<br />
1.70<br />
1.73<br />
1.90<br />
2.20<br />
2.60<br />
2.92<br />
3.07<br />
3.10<br />
3.20<br />
3.52<br />
3.84<br />
4.16<br />
4.46<br />
4.80<br />
5.12<br />
5.48<br />
5.75<br />
6.06<br />
6.40<br />
6.70<br />
7.03<br />
7.35<br />
7.67<br />
8.00<br />
T.60<br />
12.70<br />
1<br />
6<br />
Fric.<br />
0.22<br />
0.25<br />
0.27<br />
0.36<br />
0.41<br />
0.56<br />
0.64<br />
0.77<br />
0.79<br />
0.81<br />
0.98<br />
1.16<br />
1.34<br />
1.54<br />
1.74<br />
1.97<br />
2.28<br />
2.16<br />
2.87<br />
3.02<br />
3.21<br />
3.51<br />
3.84<br />
4.26<br />
4.45<br />
6.27<br />
10.71<br />
10 Inch<br />
Vel.<br />
1.80<br />
1.92<br />
1.94<br />
2.04<br />
2.25<br />
2.46<br />
2.66<br />
2.86<br />
3.06<br />
3.28<br />
3.48<br />
3.68<br />
3.88<br />
4.08<br />
4.29<br />
4.50<br />
4.71<br />
4.91<br />
5.11<br />
6.10<br />
8.10<br />
10.10<br />
12.10<br />
14.10<br />
Pipe.<br />
Fric.<br />
0.21<br />
0.24<br />
0.25<br />
0.28<br />
0.33<br />
0.39<br />
0.46<br />
0.52<br />
0.59<br />
0.67<br />
0.75<br />
0.83<br />
0.91<br />
1.01<br />
1.09<br />
1.20<br />
1.34<br />
1.46<br />
1.51<br />
2.09<br />
3.50<br />
5.33<br />
7.42<br />
10.08<br />
12 Inch Pipe.<br />
Vel.<br />
1.42<br />
1.57<br />
1.71<br />
1.85<br />
2.00<br />
2.13<br />
2.27<br />
2.41<br />
•2.56<br />
2.70<br />
2.84<br />
2.98<br />
3.13<br />
3.27<br />
3.41<br />
3.55<br />
4.20<br />
5.60<br />
7.00<br />
8.40<br />
9.80<br />
11.35<br />
11.93<br />
12.78<br />
14.20<br />
Fric.<br />
0.11<br />
0.14<br />
0.15<br />
0.19<br />
0.22<br />
0.24<br />
0.27<br />
0.31<br />
0.34<br />
0.35<br />
0.41<br />
0.48<br />
0.49<br />
0.53<br />
0.57<br />
0.62<br />
0.85<br />
1.43<br />
2.18<br />
3.39<br />
3.92<br />
5.32<br />
6.30<br />
6.75<br />
S.15<br />
FRICTION OF WATER IN 90 DEG. ELBOWS<br />
Equivalent Number of Feet Straight Pipe<br />
1 1/4 1 1/2<br />
Having determined the horse power required, the<br />
cost of operating the pump per hour can be obtained<br />
by multiplying this figure by the cost per horse-powerhour<br />
of operating the engine or motor used to drive<br />
the pump.<br />
Another formula commonly used in practice for determining<br />
the power required for pumping water is :<br />
G. P. M. X H<br />
H. P. =<br />
3,960 X E<br />
Where G. P. M. is the gallons of water per minute, H<br />
8<br />
S<br />
2<br />
8<br />
2 1/2<br />
11<br />
3<br />
15<br />
4<br />
If.<br />
5<br />
14 Inch Pipe.<br />
Vel.<br />
1.37<br />
1.47<br />
1.58<br />
i.e*<br />
1.79<br />
1.89<br />
2.00<br />
2.10<br />
2.20<br />
2.31<br />
2.42<br />
2.52<br />
2.63<br />
3.15<br />
4.20<br />
5.25<br />
6.30<br />
7.35<br />
8.40<br />
8.82<br />
9.45<br />
10.50<br />
11.55<br />
12.60<br />
13.65<br />
14.70<br />
18<br />
6<br />
IS<br />
Fric.<br />
.09<br />
.10<br />
.11<br />
.13<br />
.14<br />
.16<br />
.16<br />
.19<br />
.22<br />
.23<br />
.25<br />
.26<br />
.29<br />
.39<br />
.66<br />
1.01<br />
1.57<br />
1.82<br />
2.47<br />
2.92<br />
3.13<br />
3.78<br />
4.50<br />
5.40<br />
6.14<br />
6.65<br />
8<br />
24<br />
15 Inch Pipe.<br />
Vel.<br />
1.73<br />
1.82<br />
1.91<br />
2.00<br />
2.09<br />
2.18<br />
2.28<br />
2.73<br />
3.64<br />
4.55<br />
5.46<br />
6.37<br />
7.28<br />
7.64<br />
8.19<br />
9.10<br />
10 01<br />
10.92<br />
11.83<br />
12.74<br />
13.10<br />
13.65<br />
Fric.<br />
.12<br />
.14<br />
.16<br />
.16<br />
.17<br />
.19<br />
.20<br />
.28<br />
.47<br />
72<br />
1.12<br />
1.29<br />
1.76<br />
2.08<br />
2.23<br />
2.69<br />
3.16<br />
3.79<br />
4.30<br />
4.66<br />
4.95<br />
5.60<br />
16 Inch Pipe.<br />
Vel.<br />
1.99<br />
2.39<br />
3.19<br />
3.99<br />
4.79<br />
5.59<br />
6.38<br />
6.72<br />
7.20<br />
7.96<br />
8.78<br />
9.56<br />
10.36<br />
11.12<br />
11.50<br />
11.95<br />
Fric.<br />
0.15<br />
0.24<br />
0.39<br />
0.56<br />
0.80<br />
1.04<br />
1.34<br />
1.45<br />
1.65<br />
2.02<br />
2.39<br />
2.84<br />
3.32<br />
3.68<br />
3.96<br />
4.28<br />
Large Plumbing Contract<br />
10<br />
30<br />
12<br />
40<br />
14<br />
54<br />
15<br />
55<br />
20 Inch Pipe<br />
Vel.<br />
3.08<br />
3.59<br />
4.10<br />
4.32<br />
4.62<br />
5.13<br />
5.64<br />
6.15<br />
6.66<br />
7.18<br />
7.38<br />
7.66<br />
8.17<br />
8.68<br />
9.20<br />
9.70<br />
1040<br />
16<br />
55<br />
Fric.<br />
1<br />
0.27<br />
0.35<br />
0.45<br />
0.50<br />
0.56<br />
0.68<br />
0.82<br />
0.96<br />
101<br />
1.28<br />
1.35<br />
1.45<br />
1.63<br />
1.83<br />
2.04<br />
2.23<br />
2.53<br />
Thomas Haldane, a progressive plumber of Yonkers,<br />
N. Y., has landed a contract of beating the<br />
residence of Dr. Osterheld, in that city. An American<br />
Type "A" boiler is to be used, in connection<br />
with a Warren Webster vapor vacuum system of<br />
heating, and the plumbing fixtures are to be supplied<br />
by the Pierce, Butler & "Pierce Manufacturing<br />
Corporation. This is one of the largest jobs eiven<br />
out in this section in some time.<br />
20<br />
70
December 31. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Scale-Free Pipe—What It Is—How It Is Made<br />
A Detailed Description of the Manufacture of the Scale-Free<br />
Pipe in the Mills of the National Tube Co. at Pittsburgh, Showing<br />
the Travel of the Pipe from Steel to Finished Product<br />
As the name implies, scale-free pipe is pipe that<br />
has been freed of mill scales, thus leaving an even,<br />
smooth surface insicle and outside.<br />
Skelp is iron or steel strips rolled to a uniform<br />
thickness and width and used in the manufacture of<br />
pipe. Two methoc+s are employed in welding the edges<br />
of skelp rolled into the shape of pipe—lap-welding,<br />
r<br />
595<br />
the edges of the pipe. When the skelp is drawn<br />
through the welding bell, Fig. 1, the molten flux is<br />
entirely pushed aside as the clean metal of the edges<br />
of the pipe are brought together under great pressure.<br />
This results in a sould weld.<br />
The molten flux i.s partly scraped off the outer surface<br />
of the pipe by the welding bell, but the interior of<br />
P'lG. 1 THE BELL SHAPED DIE THROUGH WHICH THE SKELP IS DRAWN AND WELDED INTO PIPE<br />
used in larger sizes, in which, as the name implies, the<br />
edges are lapped in making the weld, butt-welding,<br />
used on smaller sizes, as implied, the edges heing butted<br />
together and welded.<br />
A certain natural flux is essential to the proper<br />
welding of pipe as the edges must be free of foreign<br />
matter to a'low full and immediate contact of clean<br />
metal. A flux of this nature forms on the skelp in<br />
the welding furnace and in a molten condition covers<br />
the pipe, not coming in contact with the bell, remains<br />
irregularly covered, rather thickly in spots. This flux<br />
soon hardens and forms "mill scale." The desirability<br />
of removing this "mill scale" or "welding scale" has<br />
resulted in the use of a special treatment by rolling<br />
when making "national" butt-weld pipe, sizes 1/fj to 3 in.<br />
When the skelp has reached the proper temperature<br />
for welding, it is drawn through the customary type<br />
of welding beil, as in Fig. 1, forming an unfinished<br />
FIG. 2—WELDING FURNACE, DRAWING "NATIONAL" RCTT-WKLD PIPE
596 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31, 1920<br />
tube. This tube then passes through a set of rolls ceives in passing through the series of rolls cracks the<br />
where it is reduced slightly in size and elongated. In hardening welding-scale from interior and exterior<br />
FIG. 3—AFTER COMING FROM THE SCALING ROLLS, THE PIPE PASSES ACROSS A COOLING TABLE WHERE IT<br />
SLOWLY COOLS AND STRAIGHTENS<br />
this operation, the welding scale which has formed is<br />
partially loosened by the working of the rolls, but<br />
further treatment is necessary for the desired result.<br />
From the sizing rolls the pipe is conveyed to a<br />
cooling table across which it travels to the scaling rolls.<br />
Fig. 3.<br />
It is the nature of the welding-scale to harden somewhat<br />
more quickly than the pipe metal, and while the<br />
pipe is still soft and hot and the scale is in a hardened<br />
and brittle condition, it is given a pass through a<br />
series of rolls of special design. These rolls reduce<br />
the size of the pipe somewhat, crush the pipe down<br />
slightly and roll the pipe to its correct finished size.<br />
The reduction of the size of the pipe which it re<br />
surfaces of the pipe, leaving them clean and smooth.<br />
From these scaling rolls, the pipe moves to another<br />
cooling table where it is kept slowly rolling as it<br />
travels across, straightening somewhat as it" cools.<br />
After a pass through a set of cross rolls, to take care<br />
of any straightening that may remain to be done and<br />
to give the exterior a smooth, clean finish, the pipe is<br />
taken to a tank of water where it is dipped, lifted to a<br />
slanting position, and the water allowed to rush out,<br />
carrying with it the loose scale from the pipe, Fig. 4.<br />
Certain sizes have the loose scale blown out by a blast<br />
of compressed air instead of being dipped in tbe water,<br />
Fig. 5. The pipe is trimmed, threaded and tested in<br />
the usual manner of butt-weld pipe.<br />
FIG. -WASHING "NATIONAL" WELDING SCALE-FREE PIPE IN CLEAR WATER TO REMOVE LOOSE SCALE
December 31. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 597<br />
FIG. 5—BLOWING LOOSE SCALE' FROM "NATIONAL" WELDING SCAI.E-FKEE PIPE WITH COMPRESSED AIK<br />
Care of Pipe-Threading Tools<br />
Sharp, Well Kept Tools Mean Efficient Work and Good Results—Dull<br />
and Worn Out Tools Mean Leaks and Trouble—Care of Tools Pays a<br />
Big Profit on the Time Required—Lubrication an Important Item<br />
BY C. H. BALL<br />
Editor's Note: Mr. Ball is the die expert of thc<br />
Greenfield Tap & Die Corporation. Therefore, we arc<br />
pleased to publish for the benefit of our readers, his expert<br />
advice on maintenance of threading tools. Profit<br />
and prestige will accrue from its application.<br />
Owing to the change in the manufacture of iron pipe<br />
in the past few years, the care necessary to make the<br />
tools cut easy and leave perfect threads has very greatly<br />
increased. To-day the iron used contains more or less<br />
sand or slag which is rolled into the sheet or drawn into<br />
the tube, and it also contains hard spots which tend to<br />
dull the edge of the cutting tooth. The use of steel instead<br />
of iron in the manufacture of pipe is another reason<br />
for careful watching of the threading tools. '<br />
In order that the tools should do the work required of<br />
them, they should be made in a manner to assure easy<br />
cutting. The lands should be relieved in the thread as<br />
the thread is cut on a taper and necessarily there must<br />
be a large amount of friction. Only by relieving the<br />
cutters in the thread can excessive friction be avoided.<br />
When a pipe tap begins to cut hard and tear the<br />
thread, it is evidence that it is dull and needs grinding.<br />
This can be done by tbe use of an emery wheel of the<br />
proper thickness and form of face and grinding the tap<br />
in the flute until the cutting edge shows a perfect form,<br />
care should be exercised not to heat the points of the<br />
teeth enough to soften them.<br />
In the case of 2 1 form cut on each land. When the blades have been<br />
ground back so they are no longer safe to use they can be<br />
replaced by new blades as the center is'so made that the<br />
sets of blades will register and cut perfect threads.<br />
After grinding all pipe taps should be re-chamfered<br />
so they will start to cut uniformly.<br />
To keep an ordinary pipe die in good shape is more<br />
difficult owing to its form, but not a particle less necessary<br />
as a dull or damaged die will tear the threads on the<br />
pipe and cause leaks. "The proper way to sharpen a die<br />
is to use a small emery wheel or emery stick running at<br />
high speed and touch up the cutting edge and chamfer<br />
of the die. A die with removable lands can be ground<br />
bv taking the lands out of the head, grinding the cutting<br />
edge and chamfer and replacing them, as all up-to-date<br />
plumbers and pipe fitters use a receding pipe threader<br />
for all pipe 2 in. and larger. The chasers can be easily<br />
ground and kept in good shape thereby insuring good<br />
threads.<br />
The frequency with which taps and dies require regrinding,<br />
and hence their length of life, is largely dependent<br />
on the use of a suitable cutting compound. A<br />
good grade of lard oil is recommended as giving the most<br />
satisfactory results. Never use mineral oil as a cutti<br />
compound. Rather than mineral oil, use water or<br />
cut with a dry tool.<br />
The usual precautions observed by any good mechanic<br />
in the use and care of his tools apply with equal force<br />
to taps and dies. Do not throw them around. You will<br />
, in. and larger taps having inserted<br />
lands, the lands can be taken out and all ground to a uniform<br />
thickness and replaced. This will assure a uni<br />
injure the cutting edges. Clean and oil them before<br />
you put them away to avoid rust. Keep the flutes clear<br />
of chips. Your care will be rewarded by longer life of<br />
the tools and greater satisfaction in their performance.
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31. 1920<br />
Heating Guidance for Residence Work<br />
Simple Calculations That May Be Used on Small Work<br />
With Certainty of Pleasing Customer by Results<br />
BY CHARLES L. HUBBARD<br />
IN SIX PARTS—PART IV<br />
In previous articles relating to the matter of heating<br />
any discussion of theory purposely has been avoided<br />
as this is hardly necessary, to any extent, in the simple<br />
systems of steam heating thus far described, and would<br />
only serve to confuse the beginner.<br />
After becoming familiar with the method of laying<br />
out and installing systems of this kind, there is more<br />
EXPANSION<br />
TANK<br />
water in "B" falling to the bottom of the tube. The<br />
heated water flows from "A" through the connecting<br />
tube at the top into "B" where it takes the place of the<br />
cooler water which is settling to the bottom.<br />
The method of changing this piece of experimental<br />
apparatus to practical form is shown in Fig. 2, where<br />
the heater or boiler takes the place of the lamp, the<br />
columns "A" and "B" are represented by the supply<br />
and return risers, while a radiator is inserted in the<br />
connection between them at the top. The funnel is replaced<br />
by an "expansion tank;" because the water, when<br />
heated, expands and must have an outlet, else a violent<br />
RADIATOR<br />
explosion would take place.<br />
It would not do to expel this surplus water through a<br />
relief \alve into the sewer or drain, because when the<br />
temperature again falls, the water contracts and the<br />
upper pipes would become partly empty and circulation<br />
would stop. Hence, in practice, an expansion tank, open<br />
to the atmosphere, is located at some point well above<br />
the highest radiator and connected with the system of<br />
piping in such a manner that it takes the overflow when<br />
the water expands and returns it back into the system<br />
automatically when the temperature falls and the water<br />
contracts.<br />
These diagrams and this brief explanation, bring out<br />
certain important points wdiich should always be kept<br />
in mind when installing a system of hot-water heating.<br />
First—the force producing the circulation is due to the<br />
difference in weight of the columns of water in the<br />
tubes "A" and "B," or in the supply and return risers in<br />
a heating system. Second, this difference in weight is<br />
FIG. 1—DIAGRAM SHOWING FIG. 2—PRINCIPLES OF CIR- in proportion to the difference in temperature, because<br />
PRINCIPLES OF HOT WATER CULATION AS EMBODIED IN the hotter the water becomes the more it expands and<br />
CIRCULATLON PRACTICE<br />
the less it weighs for a given volume. Third, the higher<br />
the columns, with a given temperature difference, the<br />
interest in knowing why certain things are done in defi<br />
greater the difference in weight.<br />
nite ways and a reader is also in a much better position<br />
For example, if the difference in weight of two colto<br />
understand and appreciate the underlying principles.<br />
In taking up hot-water heating it seems best to depart<br />
from this rule for a moment and explain why the water 3<br />
circulates through the pipes and radiators, as this has<br />
an important bearing upon the way the piping is laid<br />
out, and a little theoretical knowledge at this point may<br />
save a good deal of trouble for the fitter who is not perfectly<br />
familiar with this kind of work.<br />
The theory of water circulation can best be explained<br />
by use of the old illustration which appears in all textbooks,<br />
and so it is used once more in a good cause.<br />
Let Fig. 1 represent a glass tube, bent to the form<br />
shown, and provided with a funnel at the upper left<br />
hand corner. This is nearly filled with water, as indicated<br />
by the shaded portion, and the flame of a spirit<br />
lamp held against the tube at the point "A." Before applying<br />
the flame there was no movement of the water in<br />
the tube because the two columns in the legs "A" and<br />
"B" were of the same temperature and weight. With<br />
the flame at "A," small bubbles of steam will form and<br />
soon show the water to be in motion as indicated by<br />
the arrows. The reason for this is that as the water in<br />
"A" is heated it expands and becomes lighter for a<br />
given volume, and is forced upward by the heavier<br />
r TiTiT\Ti<br />
fiffifntaiiM<br />
FIG. 3—A TYPICAL HOT<br />
WATER RADIATOR<br />
FIG. . A SECTIONAL VIEW<br />
SHOWING COURSE OF CIR<br />
CULATION<br />
umns 1 ft. high was 1 oz., then the total difference in<br />
weight for columns 10 ft. high would be 10 oz., and force<br />
for producing circulation would be ten times as great.<br />
This is why radiators on upper floors have a stronger
December 31. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
circulation and tend to heat more quickly, making it<br />
necessary to so arrange the piping that upper floor radiators<br />
will not pull all the hot water away from those<br />
on the first floor and cause a sluggish circulation through<br />
them, or perhaps stop it entirely.<br />
Another point which must always be considered in<br />
hot-water heating is the friction of the water in the<br />
pipes. The force producing flow under ordinary work-<br />
AAA- D<br />
A trombone or return bend coil is shown in Fig. 5<br />
connected for hot-water circulation. In this particular<br />
case the coil is supplied from a riser on the downward<br />
feed system, although an upward feed would answer as<br />
well provided the supply connection was at the top so<br />
as to form a continuous passage downward as indicated<br />
by the arrows.<br />
In Fig. 6 a coil is made up with branch headers and<br />
FIG. 5—A TROMBONE COIL FIG. 6 A HEADER COIL FIG. 7—A HEADER COIL CONNECTED<br />
ing conditions is very slight and too many bends or<br />
abrupt turns will interfere with this if the size of pipe<br />
is not made sufficiently large to offset it.<br />
FORMS OF HOT-WATER RADIATION<br />
The method of computing the size of hot-water radiators<br />
has already been taken up in a previous article,<br />
but nothing has yet been said regarding the difference<br />
in form as compared with steam. Any hot-water'radiator<br />
may be used for steam, but very few steam radiators<br />
can be used for hot water. Flot-water radiators require<br />
a continuous passage through them from supply inlet to<br />
return outlet and also special arrangements for the removal<br />
of air.<br />
The ordinary cast-iron sectional radiator designed for<br />
water, as shown in Fig. 3, varies from the steam radiator<br />
simply in having the sections connected at the top as<br />
well as at the bottom. This construction is shown in diagram<br />
in Fig. 4 and is necessary for two reasons: First,<br />
it allows the air which gathers at the top of aach loop<br />
to pass along to the end of the radiator where it is removed<br />
by the air valve, otherwise it would be necessary<br />
to vent each section. In addition to this, it allows<br />
greater freedom of circulation through the radiator by<br />
providing a continuous passage along the top.<br />
The path of the water depends somewhat upon the<br />
method of making the supply and return connections,<br />
when both are at the bottom, at opposite ends, as shown<br />
in the cut, the entering water rises through the first two<br />
or three sections, then flows along the top through the<br />
connecting nipples and has a downward movement<br />
through the remaining sections toward the return outlet.<br />
Actually there is a certain amount of circulation directly<br />
through the base of the radiators, as indicated by the<br />
arrows, which interferes somewhat with the efficiency of<br />
the radiator. This may be avoided in two ways, either<br />
by making the supply connection at the top, as shown<br />
later, or by inserting a diaphragm between the first and<br />
second sections which causes the first section to form a<br />
continuation of the flow pipe for delivering its supply at<br />
the top of the radiator. With this arrangement there is<br />
a uniform downward movement through the remaining<br />
sections.<br />
Wall radiators of various forms are well adapted to<br />
hot-water heating when properly connected to give a<br />
downward circulation through them. Diagrams giving<br />
this information are usually given in the catalogues and<br />
should be carefully studied before erecting any work of<br />
this kind. Coils for hot-water heating should be made<br />
up especially for this kind of work as shown in the accompanying<br />
diagrams.<br />
fed from below. This also illustrates the location of the<br />
air valve, which should be so placed as to vent the highest<br />
point of the coil or radiator, at which the air collects.<br />
This coil would work equally well if the supply<br />
were brought into the top of the header at the point now<br />
occupied by the air valve, in which case the coil would<br />
be vented through the supply pipe at some point higher<br />
up.<br />
Details of air venting will be taken up more carefully<br />
in a following article relating to hot-water piping systems.<br />
In Fig. 7 a similar type of coil is used—but on the<br />
downward system with the return connecting into the<br />
same pipe lower down. This plan avoids the use of<br />
separate return drops and is often found in two or<br />
three-story buildings. It should not be used in higher<br />
buildings unless the radiation is increased on the lower<br />
floors because the return water from the various coils<br />
Hf<br />
VIEW SHOWING SOME OF THE CONNECTIONS USED<br />
Fig. g—A first floor connection; Fig. 9—A connection for radiators<br />
on different floors; Fig. 10—A connection for an<br />
upper floor radiator; Fig. 11—A down feed connection<br />
tends to cool that in the supply and so make each successive<br />
coil or radiator below less effective due to its<br />
lower temperature. For buildings two or three stories<br />
in height this effect may usually be negletced, provided<br />
the supply drops are made of ample size.<br />
Various radiator connections are shown in Fig. 8 to<br />
11. The first of these is typical of first floor radiators<br />
connected with basement piping. The supply is taken<br />
from the top of the main and the return brought into the<br />
side, as a safeguard against a reversal of flow or shortcircuiting<br />
when first warming up and while circulation<br />
is weak.
600 P L U M B E R A N D STEAM FITTER December 31, 1920<br />
In Fig. 9 is shown the proper arrangement when radiators<br />
of different floors are connected with the same<br />
pair of risers. In this case the flow to the lower radiator<br />
is strengthened by taking the supply from the top of an<br />
offset in the riser, while the pipe leading to the upper<br />
floor is taken from the side. The method of making the<br />
connections with the upper radiator in this combination<br />
is shown in Fig. 10.<br />
An especially good arrangement for dwelling houses,<br />
where most of the radiation is on two floors, is shown in<br />
Fig. 11, and is practically the same in principle as that<br />
already described in connection with Fig. 7. If it were<br />
not for the by-pass formed by the supply drop between<br />
the inlet and outlet connections with the radiator, or in<br />
other words, if all of the water passed through the radiator<br />
before reaching the floor below, there would be<br />
a decided cooling effect which would make it necessary<br />
to increase the radiating surface on the lower floor. As<br />
a matter of fact, only a portion of the water is by-passed<br />
CONNECTION<br />
FROM<br />
SVSTEM<br />
= __<br />
FIG. 12—AN EXPANSION TANK AND ITS CONNECTIONS<br />
through the radiator, and by making the supply drop<br />
large for its work, the actual cooling effect is proportionately<br />
reduced.<br />
VALVES<br />
Angle valves, of the "globe" type, similar to those<br />
employed for steam, may be used at the radiators, but<br />
all valves in the mains and branches should be of the<br />
"gate" pattern to give a free passage and reduce friction<br />
to a minimum. Quick-opening valves are now used<br />
quite extensively on hot-water radiators, there being a<br />
number of desirable patterns upon the market. In<br />
dwelling houses it is customary to place a valve at the<br />
supply end of the radiator only, as that is sufficient to<br />
stop the circulation of water through the radiator.<br />
Sometimes, in large buildings, each riser is separately<br />
valved at top and bottom and provided with a draw-off<br />
pipe and valve, so that in case of leaks, the riser to which<br />
the faulty radiator is connected, can be shut off and the<br />
radiator drained before making repairs.<br />
FITTINGS<br />
All fittings in the mains, if they are of any considerable<br />
length, should be of the long-turn pattern to reduce<br />
friction. If these fittings are not available, regular<br />
short-pattern fittings, one size larger, bushed down, may<br />
be used. Connections between radiators and risers may<br />
be made with the regular short pattern fittings, as the<br />
long pattern is not well adapted to the close connections<br />
necessary for this work.<br />
EXPANSION TANK<br />
The matter of expansion and the necessity of an expansion<br />
tank have already been mentioned. A typical<br />
tank of horizontal pattern, together with its connections,<br />
is shown in Fig. 12. When there is plenty of head room<br />
a vertical tank is commonly used, although there is no<br />
particular choice between the two forms and either may<br />
be used as most convenient.<br />
In locating the expansion tank, great care must be<br />
taken to guard against freezing. When possible, the<br />
tank should be placed in a room where the temperature<br />
never falls dangerously low, as in a bath room or the<br />
upper part of a warm closet at an elevation at least 3<br />
or 4 ft. above the highest radiator. When for any reason<br />
this is not possible or convenient, and it must be<br />
located in a cold attic, it should be placed against the<br />
main chimney flue and covered in with a wooden boxing<br />
lined with hair, felt or some similar insulating material.<br />
An added precaution in cases of this kind is to connect<br />
a circulating pipe with the tank, bringing it down to the<br />
return from a near-by radiator, thus setting up a circulation<br />
through the tank the same as in a radiator.<br />
There are various rules for finding the size of tank,<br />
one being to allow 1 gallon capacity for each 14 sq. in. of<br />
grate surface in the boiler.<br />
(To be continued)<br />
Accurate Plumbing and Heating Estimates<br />
—How Made<br />
(Continued from Page 587)<br />
the cellar. The line is therefore continued to the<br />
bend, where it is apparent a clean-out is necessary, so<br />
a Y is indicated, thence on an angle of 45 deg. to a<br />
second clean-out fitting, Y indicated.<br />
Now experience and a little thought indicates that<br />
at this point the pipe has to be taken up over ledge<br />
of cellar wall, and back to its position at the rear<br />
of the building, thence up to the attic, offset to get<br />
away from eave line and through the roof. The<br />
line of sketch is continued 45 deg. up, across, up,<br />
offset and thence up and through roof, a tee being<br />
indicated to receive sink waste, and an increaser in<br />
attic immediately under roof.<br />
By referring to plans it will be seen that a short<br />
piece of 4-in. and a lead bend will reach the closet,<br />
and as no fixtures are above the closet, no vent is<br />
necessary. Therefore the sketch shows a line across<br />
and up for this fixture.<br />
From the 4 x 2-in. Y in vertical stock, the bath<br />
waste will rise on a 45 deg. angle, thence on a slight<br />
grade under bath room floor to a 2 x lj^-in. Y for<br />
the basin branch, thence to a 2 x \y2-'m. Y for bath<br />
trap, the trap being connected in end of Y, the vent<br />
from branch continuing to front wall, thence up, and<br />
as it is buried in the front wall, it will have to be<br />
offset at the top to get outside of the stud line before<br />
starting across attic floor for connection to main vent<br />
stack.<br />
In order that the connection with the vent stack<br />
can be made easily, it is better to figure a swing<br />
joint at that point, so that enough fittings will be<br />
included in estimate to do the job. Then the vent<br />
would continue across attic floor to elbow near<br />
vent stack up, to 45-deg. ell, up on 45-deg. angle to<br />
elbow, across and into the stack, the outline as shown<br />
including all these fittings.<br />
The basin waste, as shown in outline, continues to<br />
front wall, up and out to tee left in bath waste to<br />
receive it. As this line connects both ends into set<br />
fittings, it will need a union coupling, so a right and<br />
left coupling is indicated on sketch, which completes<br />
it and makes possible a check in taking off quantities<br />
(To be continued)
December 31. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 601<br />
Information Exchange for Readers' Problems<br />
Ask your fellow readers through these columns for their<br />
help on your problems—Help them in turn on theirs<br />
Removing Snow from Greenhouse Roofs<br />
From J. E., Ohio.—Will you kindly send me word<br />
if you have any knowledge of a system whereby snow<br />
can be removed from greenhouse roofs? I have a<br />
customer who wants some sort of an arrangement on<br />
the roof of his greenhouse so that he won't have to use<br />
scrapers to get the snow off in the winter. As I have<br />
never seen any system advertised, or any method of<br />
doing this, I should be very pleased to learn if you<br />
know of any system that is used in this work. Have<br />
you ever seen any steam piping put on the roof so that<br />
the snow could be melted off? My customer says he<br />
has, but he does not know just how they were placed<br />
or how the connections were made. I trust you will<br />
get some information to me at an early date.<br />
Trouble with Water Backs in Ranges<br />
From J. C. H., N. J.—There is no question in my<br />
mind but "F. R. T.," who stated in November 19 issue<br />
that he was having trouble with waterbacks, has a<br />
leaky pressure reducing valve. The first thing to do<br />
with this is to get busy and put a new set of washers<br />
on it, and see if the seat of the valve is worn out.<br />
That is, see if there are any cuts in the seat. If<br />
there are, they should be ground down so that the<br />
new washers will close off tightly and the valve will<br />
work right. The next thing to do is to_see if there<br />
is any dirt in the water coming in from city main. If<br />
so, he should put on a strainer fine enough and big<br />
enough to allow a free flow of water and at the same<br />
time take out all of the fine sand before it gets to the<br />
pressure reducer. Pressure reducers work all right<br />
when they have decent treatment, and they are not<br />
made to strain sand out of water, or to work in water<br />
which is full or grit and dirt. There are some good<br />
pressure relief valves on the market, and I would<br />
suggest that he put on two or three of them so that<br />
if one does not work, the other will. That will give<br />
him two or three chances to one that he will get<br />
some action if the pressure reducer does leak again.<br />
It is easy to find out whether or not the pressure<br />
reducer is leaking by simply hooking on the high<br />
pressure gauge so that will lay flat, and then putting<br />
a little block of wood on the face of the gauge so<br />
that the hand will shove it around. As the pressure<br />
goes up, it will shove that piece of wood around on<br />
the face, and leave it at the point where the pressure<br />
reaches the high point. That will give him the right<br />
dope whether the pressure reducer is leaking or not.<br />
But in the meantime the waterback may break, so<br />
that the safest thing to do is to get at the pressure<br />
reducer and fix it so that it cannot leak; also to take<br />
away as many of the chances of grit getting in as<br />
possible. Therefore, if he will follow this dope, he<br />
won't have any more trouble.<br />
Cracked Boiler Sections<br />
From F. C. Maine—For the information of "B. T.<br />
M. C," December 17 issue, who wants to know what<br />
made the hot water heater crack, it seems to me that<br />
it is a sure case of expansion and contraction and that<br />
the heater was put up with some strain on it. Probably<br />
the owner had a good hot fire in it, so hot that<br />
it put the strain up to a point where the iron would<br />
not stand it. When that section sprung out, it put its<br />
weight against the front section so that when he<br />
attempted to take the front nipple out, it pushed off<br />
the end of the top header. You can not always tell<br />
how much strain there is on a boiler of that kind, and<br />
my experience is that this strain can be taken up by a<br />
clamp so that it would hold the boiler together until<br />
such time as the nipples were removed. In that way<br />
the strain would be taken away from the headers when<br />
the nipples are unscrewed. In that way he can get<br />
them down all right. Even at that, sometimes the<br />
header might crack because it was weak, and it does<br />
not seem that it is any fault of the steam fitter if this<br />
should happen.<br />
The Studimeter<br />
How has one heating and plumbing contractor<br />
used his show window to profitable advantage?<br />
557<br />
Of what value are' air columns on pipes in pumping<br />
systems? 559<br />
How was power assisted by air used to overcome<br />
the troubles in the pumping system and how did<br />
it affect cost? 559<br />
What changes in plumbing regulations are needed,<br />
acording to the special plumbing board of the<br />
Massachusetts Board of Health? 560<br />
How are the four divisions of plumbing control in<br />
Massachusetts taken care of? 561<br />
What laws regulating plumbing are suggested for<br />
adoption ? 562<br />
Why should the plumber push the sale of washing<br />
machines? 563<br />
What special educational features are promised<br />
for the Highway Transportation Show? 564<br />
Why is a good chimney essential in a successful<br />
hot water heating system? 565<br />
What are indications of imperfect combustion?<br />
566
602 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31, 1920<br />
EDITORIAL COMMENT<br />
Water Heaters<br />
The plumbing contractor can well do some active<br />
work in selling and installing water heaters.<br />
The article in this issue entitled 4—1=3 points<br />
out some reasons for such work. It means greater<br />
prosperity for the industry at large, and this applies<br />
with equal force to all members of the industry, if<br />
the various sources of producing a profit are de<br />
veloped. With both gas and kerosene heaters avail<br />
able wherever hot water is needed in moderate<br />
quantities, the field offers opportunities for develop<br />
ment. Later articles will take up more in detail<br />
the successful development of this field.<br />
Estimating<br />
The first of a series of articles on estimating ap<br />
pears in this issue. This series takes up methods<br />
in detail, the preliminary steps being shown at<br />
length in order that all may have a complete grasp<br />
of the methods as it gets more advanced. Care<br />
and systematic work are prerequisite to good esti<br />
mating. This series brings out some other things<br />
that are equally important.<br />
Time<br />
The multitude of facts advanced to substantiate<br />
the general belief that an era of unprecedented prosperity<br />
is about to open up, leaves little room for<br />
doubt. Confidence and optimism over the outlook<br />
is justified. There is no question but that the million<br />
and more homes we now lack will be supplied,<br />
the large volumes of repair and replacement work<br />
will be done, factories, apartment houses and office<br />
buildings will hejjuilt and equipped. For this work<br />
preparation is necessary. Of first importance is<br />
proper business <strong>org</strong>anization and methods.<br />
Close application to Trade Extension institutions<br />
will go a long way toward producing the necessary<br />
methods and systems. It can not be accomplished<br />
in a minute. It will take time. Of prime importance<br />
is equipment; it takes time to provide this<br />
or to put it in repair. Stock must be kept active; to<br />
do it takes well planned effort and time. Finances<br />
need to be put in condition to carry thc increased<br />
business. That too, vvill take time. Time will be<br />
the one item that goes into all of it. It is going<br />
to take time to manufacture, time to deliver, time to<br />
plan, time to install and time to finance. That<br />
means that time will be at a premium. There will<br />
be a shortage of time. Therefore it is now that<br />
active work should be done to put the proper<br />
methods and systems in the business. It is now<br />
that equipment should be brought up to the high<br />
standard which will be needed. Now that stock<br />
should be overhauled, accounts should be collected<br />
and things put in shipshape for the work which<br />
must be done.<br />
The Peace and Good Will Season<br />
Every man on earth who is conducting a business<br />
was more at peace with his customers and his creditors<br />
and enjoyed the Christmas holidays better if he had<br />
followed the oft given suggestion of getting his books<br />
up to the minute and his bills collected, so that he<br />
can open a new year by settling with everybody and<br />
taking the discount from the bills which all are willing<br />
to give. It is an old saying that the stove bakes<br />
better, the heater warms the house more effectively<br />
and there are no leaks in a roof that are paid for.<br />
The same thing holds good in reference to the plumb<br />
ing work that in these days is necessary for the enjoy<br />
ment of the home. Then why delay in this important<br />
work. Why deny customers who want to settle their<br />
bills the privilege of being square with the world on<br />
New Years Day? If you have not conformed to the<br />
suggestions on this matter in the past, a new year is<br />
about to open and you should plan to so conduct your<br />
business next year that you will be in a position to<br />
enjoy the peace of mind which attends ability to settle<br />
all bills and vvill entertain that good will to your<br />
fellowmen which is inspired by the fact that very<br />
few people owe you, most of your accounts are settled<br />
and the open accounts are with responsible people.<br />
In extending the greetings of the season it is our<br />
pleasure to state that our new enterprise is going forward<br />
in a way that is encouraging and largely due to<br />
the fact that earnest endeavor is being made to follow<br />
the course recommended to others. It is our intention<br />
in extending greetings to express our hearty appreciation<br />
of the good will that has been shown our publications<br />
which naturally contributes the peace which<br />
makes for the happiness of our Christmas season.<br />
May all our readers find in this Christmas, at the end<br />
of several remarkable years, one of the most enjoyable<br />
in their experience.
December 31. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Sanitary Engineering Co. of Kohler the fire pot. One pocket is larger than the others,<br />
and hinged so that it can be opened for cleaning the<br />
The newest corporation in the Village of Kohler is<br />
the Sanitary Engineering Co., which will engage in fire.<br />
the plumbing and heating business and will also have<br />
As will be seen by the illustration, the water leg is<br />
the Sheboygan County agency for Kohler automatic<br />
hollow; therefore, the water returning from the<br />
power and light.<br />
radiators is heated in the water leg before passing<br />
The officers of the new company are: President, E.<br />
through the circulation pipes into shell. The shell<br />
is provided with tubes placed as close together as<br />
Albrecht; vice-president, A. P. Trieck and secretary<br />
proper construction will permit, thus subdividing the<br />
and treasurer, J. C. Madson. The company has an<br />
water space and enabling the heat to act most effec<br />
office for the present with the Kohler Improvement<br />
tively.<br />
Co., but will later on have more commodious quarters.<br />
The outside casing is formed by a galvanized iron<br />
The Sanitary Engineering Co. is equipped to do the<br />
and asbestos lined jacket, with the smoke outlet at<br />
highest class of work in the respective lines in which<br />
the bottom, baffle plate being placed on top of the<br />
it is engaged. It will maintain an <strong>org</strong>anization of com<br />
shell above smoke pipe opening extending half way<br />
petent men and will use materials of the highest<br />
round the shell. Thus the heated gases must pass<br />
quality. The company is at present engaged in mak<br />
through the tubes in the shell, are deflected by the<br />
ing installations in the houses that are being erected<br />
baffle plate, and then pass down around the shell to<br />
by tbe Kohler Improvement Co.<br />
the smoke pipe.<br />
An aggressive campaign for the sale of Kohler<br />
Complete descriptive information in regard to this<br />
Automatic in Sheboygan County is being put on, and<br />
boiler can be had by addressing the Gorton & Lidger<br />
will result in the eventual development of a very imwood<br />
Co., 96 Liberty street, New York City.<br />
portant and worth-while business.<br />
Humphrey Conipany to Hold Sales Meeting<br />
Self-Feeding Boiler<br />
On January 4, 5 and 6, the Humphrey Co., Kala<br />
The Gorton side feed boiler consists of three parts— mazoo, Michigan, manufacturers of water heaters, will<br />
base with grate, water leg, and tubular boiler shell.<br />
hold a salesmen's meeting for the explanation of de<br />
The grate is of the rocking and dumping type, rocktails and demonstration of handling its products.<br />
ing of the bars being accomplished by an upright Lectures will be given on co-operation and sales problems<br />
by Frank Stockdale and William B. Henri of<br />
Chicago. On the afternoon of January 6, a talk is<br />
scheduled by W. J. Woolley, manager of Trade Extension<br />
Bureau.<br />
GORTON SIDE FEEDING BOILER<br />
lever at the front. The water leg sets on the base and<br />
supports the tubular boiler shell. The coal pockets<br />
are bolted at the openings in the top band, and are<br />
spaced so that the coal is equally distributed around<br />
Heating Engineers' Research Meeting<br />
in Pittsburgh<br />
603<br />
Dean L. A. Scipio has been engaged as acting dir<br />
tor in charge of the Research Bureau in the Bureau<br />
(A Mines Laboratory at Pittsburgh, Ta., to take charge<br />
of the work conducted by the American Society of<br />
Heating and Ventilating Engineers in connection with<br />
the Bureau of Standards of the United States Government,<br />
for the fiscal year ending July 1.<br />
This was one of the important things done at a<br />
meeting of the Research Committee and officers in<br />
Pittsburgh on December 10, with Chairman F. R. Still<br />
presiding and T. I. Lyle, S. E. Dibble, W. H. Driscoll,<br />
J. R. McColl. H. E. Lewis. Champlain L. Riley, G. E.<br />
Bennit, Perry West, A. C. Edgar, L. A. Scipio and<br />
C. W. Armspaugh present.<br />
The most important matter taken up was the report<br />
of Dean Scipio who had returned from making a visit<br />
to Harvard, Yale, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,<br />
Xew York University, Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute,<br />
and Johns Hopkins University, where research<br />
work is being done, under the direction of the Bureau<br />
as arranged by the late Professor Allen. Work of a<br />
similar nature is being done by the Pennsylvania State<br />
College, University of Minnesota, Syracuse University,<br />
Cornell'University, University of Illinois, all on special<br />
lines suggested by Professor Allen.<br />
This trip of Dean Scipio was looked upon as most<br />
important as putting him in touch with what was being<br />
done so that he might more intelligently work for the<br />
purpose for which the Bureau was established, also to<br />
formulate a course of procedure for other universities<br />
which are onlv too willing to set the large number of
604<br />
men who are now in the colleges at work on some real<br />
practical service corresponding with needs of the times.<br />
lhe committee also carefully investigated the<br />
methods of making a dust count being conducted by<br />
L. VV. Armspaugh at the laboratory to determine its<br />
bearing on sound ventilation as a part of the Bureau's<br />
work to establish a correct idea as to what ventilation<br />
means and what constitutes good ventilation.<br />
Professor Shepherd Speaks on Control of Air<br />
Conditions<br />
Professor John W. Shepherd, chairman of the Chicago<br />
Commission on Ventilation, and head of the<br />
science department of Chicago Normal College, was<br />
the speaker for the December meeting of the Kansas<br />
Lity Chapter, American Society of Heating and Venhlating<br />
Engineers, held at the Savoy Hotel, Friday<br />
December 3. After a short business session W N<br />
Mclntyre, chairman of the committee in charge of the<br />
meeting, took over the session and Professor Shepherd<br />
was introduced.<br />
He took as his main thought the fact that health<br />
is the greatest asset of America. He enumerated<br />
seven health factors that are controllable and commented<br />
on the necessity and the importance for the<br />
greater intelligence on these factors which will come<br />
trom present courses in the public schools. These<br />
factors are: food, nutrition, physical exercise or recreation,<br />
nervous condition, mental condition, workine<br />
conditions and housing. The condition of the air we<br />
live in enters into the last named factor. Air is impor<br />
tant to man in three ways: it furnishes the necessary<br />
oxygen; it is the medium through which the body<br />
loses its surplus heat; and the cleanness of air that is<br />
its freedom from disease producing bacteria<br />
In connection with the second division, both the<br />
temperature an.i the relative humidity determine the<br />
value of the air as a medium to reduce body heat and<br />
it is now thoroughly recognized that comfort conditions<br />
are determined by both these factors and not bv<br />
temperature alone. Professor Shepherd pointed out<br />
that bacteria do not fly through the air but ride<br />
through on dust particles and that the removal of dust<br />
particles is of prime importance in air conditioning<br />
.Society has two large <strong>org</strong>anizations whose privilege<br />
and whose duty it is to improve air conditions—school<br />
boards and the health departments of the cities and<br />
the states. The former has to do with the children<br />
and the latter with persons of all ages. For these two<br />
<strong>org</strong>anizations to accomplish any worthwhile results<br />
they must have the support of the public and this must<br />
come through education of the public to the needs of<br />
the situation. Professor Shepherd then told of some<br />
of the methods used and results secured in the work<br />
of the Chicago Commission.<br />
W D T. E - *£ F f ]l °rW k ' Arthur Stanley, T. H. Brady, W<br />
W. Rose, F. A. DeBoos were all called upon for remarks<br />
and commented on the points brought out by<br />
the speaker. General discussion brought out several<br />
other points connected with the design of heating and<br />
ventilating plants to secure desired results in handling<br />
air.<br />
Those present were: Henry Nottberg, F A Shep<br />
Whitten, son, Stackhouse, Dodds, pard, Parks, Dr. L. Chas. Benj. Sidney E. W. H. W. Ublig, Millis, Natkin, Bullock, Pines, W. J. Howe, J. C. F. R. B. Prof. E. W. White, Fehlig, L. Davis Hillman T. A. W. John J. of Stephenson R. Atchison Shepherd Ge<strong>org</strong>e G. Paine,'V. Pease P H R J Dick F M' H W H F'<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31. 1920<br />
Kitchen, W. N. Mclntyre, R.W. Stookey of Ottawa<br />
F. A. DeBoos of Milwaukee, Wis., W. W. Rose, J. H<br />
Brady, G. F. Solter, R. L. Dunlap, H. E. Barth, F. A*<br />
Kitchen, E. K. Campbell, Prof. J. H. Markley, Walter<br />
C. Matscheck; and Arthur Stanley, R. B. Smith, W A<br />
Seymour and J. A. Woulf, all of Kansas City, Kan'<br />
Combination Feed Pump and Receiver<br />
This unit consists of a duplex feed pump mounted<br />
in combination with a cast-iron horizontal receiver<br />
tank on a common bed plate. The tank is mounted<br />
to one side and a little above the pump, allowing the<br />
water to flow to pump by gravity, enabling it to properly<br />
fill at every stroke and not become steam-bound.<br />
As the level of water falls or rises, it operates a copper<br />
float which is connected by proper level to a balanced<br />
steam throttle valve located in steam supply pipe to<br />
pump. With the accumulation of water in the tank<br />
the float is raised, thus opening the steam valve suffi-<br />
COMBINATION FEED PUMP AND RECEIVER<br />
ciently to start the pump and with the lowering of the<br />
water level, the float automatically cuts off the steam<br />
supply, stopping the pump. Thus, the water is returned<br />
automatically to the boiler as rapidly and at as<br />
high a temiierature as it returns to the receiver<br />
The tank is designed for not over 20 lb. pressure<br />
and if a greater pressure would be returned to the<br />
tank through the steam return, it is necessary to install<br />
a high pressure steam trap in the return line, piping<br />
the condensation from steam pipe to the tank<br />
further information can be had in regard to these<br />
pumps by addressing the Advance Pumping Machinery<br />
Co., Battle Creek, Mich<br />
Annual Convention of Kentucky Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s' Association<br />
At a meeting of the Executive Committee of the<br />
Kentucky Association of Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, held in<br />
Louisville on December 9, plans were announced for<br />
M vO g t Ti a T al convention ^ Covington, Ky., on<br />
May J to 11 Arrangements have been made whereby<br />
SSIPJ Iumbers .„ ot that city, and also of Newport<br />
and Bellevue will co-operate in handling the local<br />
W ^'M .1^ m f k W nS the meetin £ a su «ess.<br />
as i'-f atkc and G - W - Ankerman were named<br />
of th? £. com , m f ee to , wr ' te to all master plumbers<br />
of the state and drive for new members along with<br />
an increased attendance at the state meeting<br />
Ben B. Watts, Louisville, was named to head a<br />
local committee, which he is to name, that will r,W<br />
operate with the State Board of Health, and also with<br />
the State Legislative Committee. This committee will
December 31. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
also look after local legislative matters, and handle the<br />
plumbers division of a fight that is being launched<br />
against a housing act of the last legislature, which is<br />
seriously interfering with small residence building on<br />
narrow lots.<br />
Among those attending the meeting were: B. J. Durham,<br />
Danville; G. W. Ankerman, Calhoun; J. J.<br />
Fitzgerald, Lexington; Ge<strong>org</strong>e Blame, Covington;<br />
Ge<strong>org</strong>e F. Fullner, Newport; Jacob Isaacs, Ge<strong>org</strong>e<br />
Schardein, W. H. Matlack, G. Phil Miller, J. J.<br />
Bosemer and T. J. Garvey, Louisville.<br />
Business discussions showed that things are rather<br />
quiet just now, but operators in the oil and coal districts<br />
of the state have been fairly busy up to the<br />
present time as it was a big year in country districts.<br />
Opens Manufacturers' Selling Agency<br />
John J. Kelly, former New York manager of sales<br />
for Pierce, Butler & Pierce Manufacturing Co., Inc.,<br />
has opened an office at 137 East Forty-third street,<br />
New York City, as metropolitans, district selling<br />
agent for several heating and plumbing goods manufacturers.<br />
Mr. Kelly received early training in the heating<br />
and plumbing supply business from his father in<br />
•Canada, coming to the United States in 1903. He<br />
has been associated in New York City, with the<br />
Standard Plumbing Supply Co., the Metropolitan<br />
Supply Co., and the Caldwell Lead Co., and followed<br />
this <strong>org</strong>anization into the Pierce, Butler &<br />
Pierce Manufacturing Co., Inc.<br />
His record is one of consistent progress which has<br />
resulted in wide acquaintance with those influential<br />
in the industry in this district. He is the president<br />
of the Greater New York Association of Jobbers of<br />
Plumbing Supplies, a member of the meeting committee<br />
of the Eastern Supply Association, and chairman<br />
of the finance committee of the National Trade<br />
Extension Bureau for New York City.<br />
His activities have secured for him the good will<br />
of those to whom he hopes to sell goods. The lines<br />
which he already has are the air valves and specialties<br />
of the Hoffman Specialty Co., the sanitary<br />
earthenware of Lambertsville Pottery Co., valves<br />
of the Capitol Brass Works, a line of plumbers'<br />
woodwork and numerous other articles which he is<br />
prepared to supply promptly in New York City Territory.<br />
He is stocking the line of Hoffman Specialty<br />
Co., and has prepared to give quick service<br />
on the other lines which he is representing.<br />
A New Ribb Seat Reamer<br />
The new tapering reamer, as manufactured by the<br />
Good Manufacturing Co., 305 East 134th street,<br />
New York City, is designed for use in connection<br />
with the hand faucet reamer for reaming faucets<br />
TAPERING BIBB REAMER<br />
where the cone type washer is to be used. This<br />
reamer reams the seat sufficiently to fit the washer<br />
as it should be and in many cases can be used with<br />
complete satisfaction, where the flat type of<br />
reamer cannot produce satisfactory results.<br />
Ruilding in Orlando, Fla.<br />
N b ld ng permits for 0rlanda<br />
to<br />
wTJ £'- ,' amounted<br />
$212,308 Eighty of the permits were for new<br />
buildings. The demand for new buildings is unabated<br />
Globe Ventilator<br />
Illustrated is a sectional view of the Globe ven<br />
manufactured by the Globe Ventilator Co., Troy, N. Y.<br />
This ventilator is manufactured of heavy gauges of<br />
GEOBE VENTILATORS<br />
best quality material. It will be seen by the se<br />
view that it is constructed firmly and substantially and<br />
so designed that wind cannot enter. Therefore, there<br />
is a rapid movement of air outward, anemometer<br />
readings indicating a 21,000 ft. hourly capacity for<br />
the 12-in. size in a wind velocity of 5 miles per hour.<br />
In some cases it is desirable to have light as well as<br />
ventilation, and to meet those requirements the Globe<br />
ventilator is furnished with glass tops where desirable.<br />
A descriptive booklet can be had upon request of the<br />
manufacturer, showing many places where Globe ventilators<br />
can be used and each one representing a possible<br />
profit for the plumber.<br />
Eastern Pennsylvania Chapter Meeting<br />
On Thursday evening, December 9, the Eastern<br />
Pennsylvania Chapter of the American Society of<br />
Heating and Ventilating Engineers had as its guest<br />
Dean L. A. Scipio of the Research Bureau, Vicepresident<br />
Champlain L. Riley, Secretary C. W. Obert<br />
and Perry West of the Research Bureau.<br />
J. Kuss, a smoke-prevention expert, was the speaker<br />
of the evening. He made no attempt to make a special<br />
address but rather recounted from his experience interesting<br />
things that had come up in smoke prevention<br />
work and succeeded in eliciting a generous applause<br />
from his hearers.<br />
Dean L. A. Scipio, who had been making a trip<br />
among the universities conducting research work<br />
in behalf of the Bureau, spoke somewhat of his experiences.<br />
Plan Removals and Extensions<br />
The Ohio Pipe Bending & Machine Co. has moved<br />
its factory to the corner of Elm and Washington<br />
streets, Cleveland. The new plant is equipped for<br />
bending pipe up to 30 in. in diameter and will also do<br />
acetylene welding.<br />
The Wisconsin Electric Welder Co., Milwaukee, has<br />
been chartered to manufacture electric welding and<br />
cutting apparatus and operate a commercial welding
606 PLUMBER AND<br />
The splendid service which the members of the<br />
Michigan Chapter of the American Society of Heating<br />
and Ventilating Engineers is given to the society<br />
and the field is shown in it enterprises. The<br />
December meeting of the chapter was held in<br />
Toledo, Ohio, on Monday evening, December 13.<br />
The chapter chartered a special car, leaving Detroit<br />
at 4:30 o'clock in the afternoon, arriving in<br />
Toledo in time for dinner and returning to Detroit<br />
immediately after the meeting. This meeting<br />
was held in Toledo as a compliment to the Toledo<br />
members of tbe Michigan chapter, of which there<br />
are now 18.<br />
The meeting was presided over by President E.<br />
E. McNair and the first business was a report by<br />
J. R. McColl for the committee appointed to draft<br />
suitable resolutions on the death of Professor John<br />
R. Allen. The report was accepted and became a<br />
part of tbe record of the Michigan chapter.<br />
F. R. Still, chairman of the research committee,<br />
spoke on the recent meeting of the committee and<br />
council in Pittsburgh, bringing out the fact that after<br />
a most instructive meeting, he had thanked the<br />
Bureau of Mines for the splendid and generous<br />
support which had been given by it. Immediately<br />
the representative of the LTnited States Government<br />
for the Bureau of Mines stated that whatever<br />
the Bureau had given to the society in the services<br />
of assistance, in the space for offices and in the<br />
equipment, it was far below the valuable service<br />
which the society had rendered to the Bureau and<br />
much larger contributions would have to be made<br />
by the Bureau of Mines to offset thc value that had<br />
already been received from the society.<br />
The meeting was then entertained with a lecture<br />
on the production of wrought iron pipe, the lecture<br />
being given by Mr. English of the Reading Iron<br />
Co., Reading, Pa. The pictures and the discourse<br />
covered the manufacture of wrought iron pipe from<br />
the blast furnace to the loading platform.<br />
At the close of the meeting the 52 members and<br />
guests present gave a vote of thanks to Mr. English<br />
for his courtesy and to his company for the<br />
favor.<br />
Consolidation of the American Company's<br />
Combustion Plant<br />
The American Combustion Co., which is now<br />
operating in Denver, Chicago, Buffalo and Toronto,<br />
Canada, will consolidate all these plants, with the<br />
exception of the one in Toronto, in a single manufacturing<br />
plant to be located in Sturgis, Mich.<br />
This concern manufacturers and markets the<br />
West guaranteed furnace and boiler carburetor and<br />
smoke-abator. The officers of the company are:<br />
President, Alfred G. Morency; vice-president, D. E.<br />
Chapman; secretary, Roy H. Hagerman; treasurer,<br />
Arthur Phelps. William Wallack, D. M. Mc<br />
Allister, Walter Roat and Charles Ramsauer vvill be<br />
connected with the company as salesmen.<br />
The product is a device of the hot blast principle<br />
made adaptable to every type of heating plant from<br />
ranges and stoves to tbe largest power boilers and<br />
is in various size models.<br />
STEAM FITTER December 31, 1920<br />
shop. The capital stock is $150,000; the incorporators Testite Permanent Closet Connection<br />
are G. F. Runge, E. H. Mills and Walter L. Poppe.<br />
The Testite closet connection manufactured by<br />
the William C. Groeniger Manufacturing Co., of 8<br />
East Chestnut street, Columbus, Ohio, is designed<br />
Michigan Chapter Engineers<br />
for use in connection with the short horn closet.<br />
The connection shown is for use with a lead connection<br />
between the closet and soil pipe.<br />
The lead bend should be cut off flush with the<br />
floor and cleaned for soldering or wiping. The lower<br />
TESTITE SHORT HORN CLOSET BOWE CONNECTION<br />
inner surface of the brass flange should be tinne<br />
or be made ready for soldering or wiping. The<br />
lower flange is then placed over the pipe so that it<br />
rests firmly on the floor with the bolts the same<br />
distance from the wall. The lead is then dressed<br />
against the flange, and the joint between lead and<br />
flange made by wiping or soldering. The centering<br />
flange is then screwed into position. A gasket,<br />
making the joint tight between the closet bowl<br />
spud and centering flange, as is shown in sectional<br />
view of flange.<br />
This flange connection should rest firmly on the<br />
SECTIONAL VIEW OF TESTITE PERMANENT CLOSET<br />
CONNECTION<br />
floor, and be bolted to the closet, but not screwed<br />
to the floor, then if the soil stack is firmly anchored<br />
to the building, all settlement will occur in unity.<br />
It vvill also be noted that the Testite flange is<br />
furnished with a test cap, which is provided with a<br />
3_-in. opening for the purpose of filling or emptying<br />
the system. These caps have an additional advantage<br />
in that they can be used over and over<br />
again, making a saving of time and money.<br />
The floor level in building construction is purely<br />
an imaginary line which must be established by the<br />
various craftsmen. It does not become fixed or<br />
real until established by a permanent article. There<br />
is an advantage to the craftsman who establishes<br />
this permanency and disdvantage to the craftsman<br />
who uses the imaginary line as a working basis.<br />
The Testite closet connection installed with the<br />
rough work fixes a permanent floor level to which<br />
all other craftsmen can and will work.<br />
gi Further information can be had by addressing the<br />
'
December 31. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Commission on Ventilation for Kansas City can be sold. As will be seen, the garbage is put in<br />
the can from the kitchen, and the can is removed<br />
At a meeting held in the office of Dr. E. H. Bullock,<br />
Health Commissioner of Kansas City on Saturday<br />
morning, December 4, the "Commission on<br />
Ventilation for Greater Kansas City" was <strong>org</strong>anized.<br />
This meeting was held on the suggestion of<br />
Dr. Bullock made at the Friday evening meeting of<br />
the Kansas City Chapter, American Society of<br />
Heating and Ventilating Engineers. The new<br />
Commission proposes to work along the lines that<br />
have been followed by the Chicago Commission on<br />
Ventilation and will pay particular attention to air<br />
conditions in schools, theatres and all public buildings.<br />
Its efforts will cover both Kansas City, Mo.,<br />
and Kansas City, Kan., and it is expected that<br />
other <strong>org</strong>anizations will arrange in the near future<br />
to have representation on the Commission.<br />
Dr. Bullock was chosen Chairman and J. H.<br />
Kitchen was chosen Secretary of the Commission.<br />
The committee on bylaws is composed of J. H.<br />
Brady, Chairman, W. W. Rose and W. N. Mclntyre.<br />
The program committee includes Prof.<br />
J. H. Markley, Chairman, Dr. Roche and Walter<br />
Matscheck. In addition to those mentioned, Walter<br />
Gillham and R. L. Dunlap were present.<br />
A further meeting of the Commission was held<br />
at the Public Library on Monday afternoon, December<br />
13, at 3 p. m. This Commission has a<br />
wide range of usefulness before it and should<br />
GARBAGE PUT IN CAN FROM KITCHEN<br />
have the concerted support of the school authorities<br />
and all civic and technical <strong>org</strong>anizations.<br />
from outside of the building. Therefore flies cannot<br />
get into it, and no dirt is created in moving the pail.<br />
Garbage Rreeds Flies—Flies Carry Disease<br />
Germs<br />
That information can be used to sell sanitary garbage<br />
containers. There are thousands of housebolders<br />
MAJESTIC BUILT-IN GARBAGE RECEIVER<br />
who should have a sanitary method of handling their<br />
garbage. This applies in small and rural communities<br />
as well as in cities. Is a country home any better<br />
than a city home, when putrifying garbage is lying<br />
around, and streams of flies are making periodical<br />
trips from garbage pile to kitchen and table?<br />
Illustrated are three views of the Majestic Built-in<br />
Garbage Receiver. In every community some of these<br />
ANOTHER VIEW OF BUILT-IN GARBAGE RECEIVER<br />
607<br />
Complete information can be had by addressing th<br />
manufacturer the Majestic Co., Huntington, Ind.<br />
Survey of National Association of Master<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>s of the United States<br />
By Ge<strong>org</strong>e F. Uber, National Secretary<br />
Made from the National Office<br />
A few weeks more and our National Association wi<br />
have completed the first half term of its thirty-eighth<br />
year of existence, a year which promises to be a<br />
history-making epoch for the master plumber.<br />
Like the world in general we, too, are facing a period<br />
of reconstruction and hand in hand with other industries<br />
we must once again return to normal con-
608 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31. 1920<br />
ditions. This return must be made slowly and carefully,<br />
for Time is the only doctor capable of curing<br />
the ills which business has contracted during the years<br />
when the whole world seemed to f<strong>org</strong>et the existence<br />
of God and wantonly sacrificed His greatest gift—life.<br />
Millions of men were killed and other millions incapacitated;<br />
the wealth of nations was gathered together<br />
and expended for materials which now lie at<br />
the bottom of the sea or are useless except in time of<br />
war. All these things must be replaced and until such<br />
time when this is accomplished we cannot expect relief<br />
from the evils which their destruction has mothered.<br />
These evils are on all sides of us and no matter<br />
which way we turn, we must face them. To face<br />
them alone is hopeless; we must do it collectively.<br />
The pitfalls are many and dangerous and unless we have<br />
the guidance and warning from someone who can go<br />
before and discover the way, we cannot hope to escape<br />
falling by the wayside. It is in this role that the<br />
National Association will serve its members. It will<br />
be the pathfinder for the great army of master<br />
plumbers and those who are enrolled under its banner<br />
may well be thankful that they have such a leader.<br />
Never before in the history of our industry has<br />
there been a time when cooperative action on the part<br />
of the master plumber has been so vital. For him to<br />
successfully pass through this period of reconstruction,<br />
beset as he is on all sides by questions which require<br />
immediate and unerring solution, he must know what<br />
his fellow craftsman is going to do and his action must<br />
be in harmony with the action of the majority. No<br />
rule has ever applied to a body of men with so much<br />
force and meaning as that century-old motto "In<br />
Union there is Strength" now applies to the master<br />
plumbers.<br />
If it were possible for every master plumber in the<br />
country to take the place of the National Secretary<br />
and see the things which the National Association<br />
accomplishes for the good of the trade, the steadfastness<br />
with which it upholds the principles for which it<br />
was created, the vigilance which it continually maintains<br />
over the welfare of its members, there is no<br />
doubt but that the strength of the National Association<br />
would be the entire industry, with each member proud<br />
of his affiliation.<br />
There are thousands of master plumbers who are<br />
non-members simply because they have never been acquainted<br />
with the real purposes and the benefits of the<br />
National Association. Co-operating as we are with<br />
the Trade Extension Bureau, the benefits derived from<br />
membership cannot be too highly appraised and as a<br />
business proposition membership for this purpose<br />
alone is a very good investment. Aside from that<br />
there is the experience of successful men of the trade<br />
which is given out through the National Association.<br />
This experience dates back to the time of the association's<br />
conception and represents the thoughts of successful<br />
master plumbers who were confronted with<br />
the same problems as those which we are called upon<br />
to solve, for although times and customs change there<br />
will always be the same troubles before us, for human<br />
nature never changes and our greatest troubles find<br />
their origin in human agencies.<br />
Let each member then take it upon himself to<br />
acquaint the non-member with the advantages of<br />
affiliation with the National Association. It is his<br />
duty not only to the National Association but to his<br />
fellow craftsman who has not been so fortunate as he<br />
in discovering the advantages of National Association<br />
affiliation.<br />
Let us then, as we follow out the routine of our<br />
existence as master plumbers, always have our National<br />
Association in mind and let us strive to bring<br />
every non-member of our acquaintance into our ranks<br />
for as our association increases in numbers it also<br />
increases in usefulness, and the greater our membership<br />
the greater will be the benefits for each individual<br />
member. Let us make this a banner year for increase<br />
in membership, a year which will bear fruit for many<br />
years to come. Can this be done? the answer is<br />
"Yes, co-operation will do it."<br />
Auditorium Ventilation Topic at Chicago<br />
Engineers' Meeting<br />
The Illinois Chapter of the American Society of<br />
Heating and Ventilating Engineers held its December<br />
meeting on December 13, in the Engineers -Club,<br />
Chicago, 111. Dinner was served at 6:15 o'clock for<br />
73 members and guests.<br />
The following new members were unanimously<br />
elected: J. G. Dewar, T- R. Furman, R. W. Menk,<br />
W. A. Pegram, W. A. Sheriffs, L. S. Simonsen and<br />
O. S. Lippman.<br />
Wholesale<br />
The commodities included in this table have been chosen for their representative character and their relation to<br />
available date nearest the fifteenth of each month. These quotations are believed<br />
COMMODITY<br />
Unit<br />
COAL^<br />
Anthracite, No. 1 buckwheat, f. o. b. lower porta, N. Y. Dols. per gross ton<br />
Anthracite, stove, f. o b. mine<br />
Dols. per gross ton<br />
Bituminous, run of mine, f.o.b. mine, Fairmount W.Va. Dols. per gross ton<br />
Pittsburgh District<br />
Dols. per net ton..<br />
COPPER—<br />
Electrolytic, early delivery. New York<br />
Cents per lb<br />
IRON and STEEL—<br />
DOIB. per gross ton<br />
Pig iron, basic, Valley furnace<br />
Dols. per gross ton<br />
Steel billets, open hearth, Pittsburgh<br />
LEAD—<br />
Cents per lb<br />
Pis. early delivery. New York<br />
Dola. per bbl<br />
PETROLEUM—Crude at well.<br />
Dols. per bbl<br />
Pennsylvania<br />
KanfacoOklahoma<br />
RUBBER—<br />
Dols, per lb<br />
Dols. per lb<br />
Plantation, first latex crepe, N. Y<br />
Para, upriver fine, New York<br />
SPELTER<br />
Prime western, early delivery. St. Louis<br />
Cents per lb<br />
1914<br />
Jan. Apr. July Oct.<br />
2.25 2.40<br />
4.00 3.50<br />
.85 .80<br />
1.30 1.30<br />
14.125- 14.37
December 31. 1920<br />
PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Members of the society living in Chicago but not<br />
members of the Illinois Chapter are to be personally<br />
interviewed by a membership committee, consisting of<br />
H. G. Thomas, chairman, J. M. Frank and J. T. Hayes<br />
appointed at this meeting.<br />
J. F. Hale, general chairman of the Arrangements<br />
Committee for the annual meeting in Philadelphia,<br />
January 24 to 26, spoke of preparations being made'<br />
and on motion a "Booster Committee" was appointed<br />
to secure a large attendance from Chicago. C. F<br />
Newport is chairman of this committee, and he wili<br />
be assisted by H. M. Hart, E. J. Claffy F W<br />
Powers, E. V. Hill, W. H. Chenoweth, R. B.' Dickson'<br />
and S. R. Lewis.<br />
A telegram from the Michigan Chapter in session at<br />
Toledo, Ohio, toasting the success of the society, was<br />
acknowledged with an expression of good will from<br />
the Illinois Chapter.<br />
Chairman R. W. Yardley then took charge of the<br />
meeting and introduced the speakers of the evening.<br />
F. R. Ellis, Boston, by means of lantern slides<br />
showed the progress made in ventilation and told<br />
some early history, then explaining the most up-todate<br />
practice.<br />
A system for theatre and auditorium ventilation<br />
recommended by the Typhoon Fan Co., Chicago was<br />
outlined by Mr. Wilson. A paper was read by S.<br />
R. Lewis, telling some of his experiences in ventilation<br />
problems, and lantern slides showed where mistakes<br />
were made and the means used to rectify them.<br />
The speakers and the committee in charge were<br />
given a vote of thanks, after which the meeting adjourned.<br />
Dates of Coming Conventions<br />
January 18, 19 and 20, 1921.—Wisconsin Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Association, in Milwaukee, headquarters Hotel Wisconsin<br />
January 18, 19 and 20, 1921.—The Iowa Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Association, at Burlington, Iowa, headquarters Burlington<br />
January 25, 26 and 27, 1921.—The Illinois Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s'<br />
Association, in Springfield, 111.<br />
January 25, 26, 27 and 28, 1921.—The American "Society of<br />
Heating and Ventilating Engineers. The business session of<br />
the meeting will be held in New York City, January 25 and<br />
the professional sessions will probably be held in Philadelphia<br />
January 26 to 28. '<br />
February 1, 2 and 3, 1921.—The Ohio State Association of<br />
Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, at Toledo, headquarters Hotel Secor.<br />
Prices<br />
609<br />
February 7, 8 9 10 and 11 1091 TU r,r-<br />
P-nmber/A sociation° S l i i t t " « faster<br />
P.Lte- y As^cia!L, a at d B^4 92L - The M ~ *•*<br />
JSSi'S L^ 1 -^ ^ rth Dak ° ta M — ^^ers'<br />
socS/aVToV.afinT 7116 ^ ^ «"' As-<br />
March 14, 15 and 16, 1921,-The Indiana Society of Sani<br />
tary Engineers, in Muncie Ind ouLiery ot c_ani-<br />
March 21, 22 and 23, 1921,-The Missouri Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s-<br />
Association, at Columbia, AIo. numDers<br />
Mute r P.nml^ri^ Massachus etts State Association of<br />
Master lumbers, at Boston<br />
0/.he 7 TX. and , V 92L ~ The ^irty-ninth annual convention<br />
Orleans La A^ation ot Master <strong>Plumber</strong>s, at New<br />
Customers Recognize It<br />
The sort of savings which customers quickly<br />
recognize and appreciate, are the savings which they<br />
MARTIN & SONS CO. VISE MOUNT<br />
can actually see. Therefore, when a plumber arriv<br />
on the job equipped with an up-to-date vise mount,<br />
he is immediately ready to do business in cutting and<br />
threading his pipes. Customers recognize such equipment<br />
as saving them necessary time to fasten up the<br />
ordinary vise. That is the sort of saving which builds<br />
reputation, and makes loyal customers.<br />
The vise mount illustrated is made by the H. P.<br />
Martin & Sons Co., Owensboro, Ky. It is made of<br />
No. 16 sheet iron, thoroughly riveted, and braced with<br />
angle irons. The legs are instantly removable or<br />
placed in position, and they stand set up without bolts,<br />
screws or braces, making it possible to assemble it<br />
for work quickly.<br />
This vise mount can be had on a 10-days free trial,<br />
and the saving it effects recommends it to the consideration<br />
of every plumbing and steam fitting shop.<br />
fundamental business conditions. All quotations have been secured from recognized trade sources. Prices are for the<br />
to be correct as of the dates designated, but their accuracy is not guaranteed.<br />
Jan.<br />
2.85<br />
4.40<br />
4.50<br />
4.25<br />
28.76<br />
30.00<br />
65.00<br />
7.50<br />
3.05<br />
170<br />
.80<br />
•77:.<br />
950<br />
Apr.<br />
3.80<br />
3.90<br />
3.75<br />
3.25<br />
32.00<br />
40.00<br />
75.00<br />
9.^5<br />
3.05<br />
1.70<br />
.80^<br />
•76H<br />
0.50<br />
1917<br />
July<br />
3.95<br />
4.20<br />
3.36<br />
3.00<br />
28.50<br />
53.00<br />
100.00<br />
10.75<br />
3.10<br />
1.70<br />
.67<br />
.68}.<br />
8.75<br />
Oct.<br />
3.95<br />
4.70<br />
2.40<br />
2.00<br />
23.50<br />
33.00<br />
47.50<br />
7.00<br />
3.50<br />
2.00<br />
.63M<br />
.64<br />
8.00<br />
Jan.<br />
4.35<br />
5.05<br />
3.15<br />
2.45<br />
23.50<br />
33.00<br />
47.50<br />
7.00<br />
3.75<br />
2.00<br />
.57<br />
.58<br />
7.75<br />
Apr.<br />
460<br />
4.75<br />
3.66<br />
2.45<br />
23.50<br />
32.00<br />
47.50<br />
6.95<br />
4.00<br />
2.25<br />
.60<br />
.61<br />
6.75<br />
1918<br />
July<br />
5.15<br />
4.75<br />
2.80<br />
2.35<br />
26.00<br />
32.00<br />
47.50<br />
S.05<br />
4.00<br />
2.25<br />
.63<br />
.63<br />
8.50<br />
Oct.<br />
5.15<br />
5.05<br />
2.80<br />
2.35<br />
26.00 20.00<br />
33.00 10.00<br />
47.50 43.50<br />
8.05<br />
4.00<br />
2.25<br />
.59<br />
63<br />
8.60<br />
Jail.<br />
4.45<br />
6.10<br />
2.50<br />
2.35<br />
5.62}S<br />
4.00<br />
2.25<br />
.55<br />
.60<br />
6.75<br />
191(1<br />
Apr.<br />
4.75<br />
6.10<br />
2.50<br />
2.25<br />
15.25<br />
25.75<br />
38.50<br />
4.95<br />
4.00<br />
2.25<br />
•49).<br />
.55<br />
6.15<br />
J-ily Oct.<br />
4.75<br />
6.40<br />
2.40<br />
2.25<br />
21.75 22.25 19.25<br />
25.75 25.75 37.00<br />
38.50 38.50 45.00<br />
5.60<br />
4.00<br />
2.25<br />
.40<br />
.55<br />
7.60<br />
4.75<br />
6.1.0<br />
2.80<br />
2.35<br />
6.35 8.75<br />
4.25<br />
2 25<br />
.51<br />
.53<br />
7.50<br />
Jan.<br />
5.25<br />
6.60<br />
2.80<br />
2.35<br />
5.00<br />
3.00<br />
.53^<br />
.49<br />
0.10<br />
•<br />
Feb.<br />
5.50<br />
6.60<br />
2.80<br />
2.35<br />
18.50<br />
43.00<br />
58.00<br />
0.00<br />
5.50<br />
3.00<br />
.48<br />
.45}.<br />
8.70<br />
Mar.<br />
6.00<br />
6.60<br />
2.80<br />
2.35<br />
18.00<br />
41.00<br />
60.00<br />
9.37}_<br />
6.10<br />
3.50<br />
.48).<br />
.42<br />
9.60<br />
Apr.<br />
5.75<br />
6.60<br />
4.25<br />
4.25<br />
18.75 18.37}. 17.87<br />
42.00 43.00<br />
6.5.00 65.00<br />
9.00<br />
6.10<br />
3.50<br />
.45<br />
.42<br />
8.45<br />
May<br />
5.75<br />
7.70<br />
5.50<br />
5.25<br />
8.50<br />
6.10<br />
3.50<br />
.38<br />
.391.<br />
7.75<br />
1920<br />
June<br />
6.30<br />
7.50<br />
9.50<br />
8.50<br />
43.50<br />
05.00<br />
8.65<br />
6.10<br />
3.50<br />
.38<br />
.371.<br />
7 50<br />
July<br />
6.50<br />
7.65<br />
12.00<br />
10.00<br />
18.75<br />
46.00<br />
65.00<br />
8.60<br />
6.10<br />
3.50<br />
.33<br />
.UH<br />
7.85!.<br />
Aug.<br />
6.50<br />
7.75<br />
12.00<br />
U.00<br />
18.62H<br />
48.50<br />
60.00<br />
9.25<br />
6.10<br />
3.50<br />
•31H<br />
.32}.<br />
8.00<br />
Sept.<br />
8.00<br />
8.00<br />
10.75<br />
9.00<br />
18.12!. 16.25<br />
48.50<br />
60.00<br />
8.00<br />
6.10<br />
3.50<br />
.25<br />
.27<br />
7.75<br />
Oct.<br />
8.00<br />
8.00<br />
10.75<br />
9.00<br />
46.00<br />
55.00<br />
7.60<br />
6.10<br />
3.50<br />
.24<br />
.24}.<br />
7.30<br />
No;.<br />
8.00<br />
8.00<br />
a5.50<br />
35.00<br />
14.50<br />
38.50<br />
b50.00<br />
6.60<br />
6.10<br />
3.50<br />
.20<br />
.22<br />
6.37M<br />
Re DTinl jr om Coi nmerce Monthly
610 P L U M B E R AND STEAM FITTER December 31, 1920<br />
The Tone of Business Modern Garage Drainage<br />
Howard Coonley, president of the Walworth Manufacturing<br />
Co., very aptly states in the Walworth Log<br />
the opinion of sound business men, as follows:<br />
Every dog has his day. Just now the great furry<br />
collie of Prosperity, having perhaps been a bit overfed,<br />
is asleep around the corner. The ugly head of<br />
Depression, with bis undershot<br />
jaw protruding a<br />
little further than ever,<br />
having waited long, has<br />
seen his opportunity and<br />
taken the center of the<br />
arena. Fortunately he is<br />
so anxious to show his<br />
strange form to the public<br />
that he is letting the collie<br />
sleep off his indigestion<br />
and will not be ready<br />
to put up much of a<br />
scrap when his adversary<br />
awakens.<br />
Sometimes the most bitter medicine brings the<br />
quickest reaction and therefore the surest cure. This<br />
appears to me to be the panacea in the present situation.<br />
The financial crisis is not new—it has been<br />
with us for some time.<br />
At the moment it is a little more poignant than<br />
usual, but our country in the emergency is showing<br />
the courage and resilience that we all have learned to<br />
expect and rely on. Here and there individuals are<br />
being shipwrecked, but is is largely due to their own<br />
irresponsibility or possibly their over-zealousness in<br />
providing for their selfish interests.<br />
The liquidation has developed more speedily than<br />
we optimists predicted. By the same token it will<br />
dissolve faster. There is no group of able men with<br />
whom I come in contact and who have proven their<br />
soundness by the test of time, who have not confidence<br />
in the immediate future for this country and who do<br />
not believe that the tide has already turned. Let us<br />
hope that it vvill come at a more modest pace and<br />
therefore with a healthier physique than has been true<br />
in the past.<br />
Fortunately vve have reached the time of year when<br />
optimism is at its height. Christmas Day has no room<br />
for the pessimist. It is the time when the brush of Good<br />
Cheer paints its most colorful scenery. There never<br />
was a period of the world's history when psychology<br />
played a more important role. More strength to the<br />
arm of good old Santa Claus.<br />
Increases Manufacturing Facilities<br />
The Bowlus Manufacturing Co., Springfield,<br />
Ohio, announces an expansion of its manufacturing<br />
facilities which more tban trebles its former manufacturing<br />
plant. This places the company in a better<br />
position to handle the large orders which have<br />
been pouring into its office on the "Jewel" and<br />
"Famous" type of water closet flush valves.<br />
This concern has for the past several years manufactured<br />
a seat operating factory and school closet<br />
and has achieved the success tbat follows in the<br />
wake of specializing in one good type of closet combinations.<br />
The Bowlus Manufacturing Co. has made<br />
nothing for the plumbing trade for years but water<br />
closets.<br />
In many of the large cities it is unlawful to use or<br />
attach with public sewers any garage, stable, barn,<br />
vehicle wash, dye or cleaning or other establishments<br />
where gasoline, oils or other inflammable materials are<br />
used or stored, unless a system of drainage approved<br />
by the Fire Prevention Board and plumbing inspector<br />
shall be installed. This ordinance is necessary in<br />
order to prevent explosions, choked sewers, action<br />
from formation of gases, and other complaints and<br />
nuisances common in garage and other like establishments.<br />
To meet these requirements and to care for the mud<br />
which is washed from vehicles, the Peerless garage<br />
GARAGE INTERIOR SHOWING PEERLESS GARAGE DRAIN<br />
PIPED AND VENTED<br />
dram has been designed. When used in garages, it is<br />
connected up with one or more special gas basins as<br />
shown in illustration showing sectional view of drain<br />
and basin, the entire unit being piped and vented as<br />
shown in the illustration of garage interior. The<br />
drain itself is constructed in such a manner that the<br />
mud, sand and other matter washed from vehicles<br />
accumulate in tbe centre receptacle, which is so arranged<br />
that the force of water cannot carry this<br />
material out of the basin into the outlet of sewer.<br />
When it becomes necessary to remove the accumulation<br />
of dirt, the receptacle can be lifted out of the<br />
basin and emptied.<br />
These drains are provided in various sizes to meet<br />
various demands, and complete descriptive booklet can<br />
be had by addressing the Compound Injector & Specialty<br />
Co., manufacturers, at 419 North Laramie avenue<br />
Chicago, 111.
December 31. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITJER 611<br />
EVEREADY<br />
WELDING AND CUTTING OUTFITS<br />
(Formerly MUl&l'OMUi Apparatus)<br />
Eveready outfits are utility tools<br />
DESIGNED primarily for the small metal worker<br />
and manufacturer, Eveready apparatus embodies<br />
those qualities which suit it particularly<br />
jvell to all classes of work.<br />
It has the strength, lightness and perfect balance<br />
Rvliich are essential factors in satisfactory welding and<br />
cutting combined with simple solderless, metal to<br />
metal construction.<br />
Of remarkable working efficiency, Eveready is<br />
moderate in price and of exceptional economy in gas<br />
consumption and up-keep.<br />
And last, but by no means least, it is the product of<br />
Oxweld Engineering Ability and Oxweld Workman<br />
ship—a guarantee of absolute quality.<br />
Fill out and mail the coupon to-day for New Catalog<br />
and the name and address of your local Distributors.<br />
OXWELD ACETYLENE COMPANY<br />
(Eveready Apparatus Dept.)<br />
3644 JASPER PLACE, CHICAGO, ILL.<br />
WORLDS LARGEST MAKERS OF OXY-ACETYLENE WELD1NC AND CUTTING OUTFITS<br />
i Name<br />
| OXWELD ACETYLENE COMPANY<br />
l Eveready Apparatus Dept.<br />
3644 Jasper Place. Chicago, 111.<br />
I Please mail me Free of Charge your New<br />
! Eveready Catalog and address of your distributor<br />
i in my locality.<br />
I<br />
\ P. O. Address<br />
I<br />
i<br />
t<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when you write.<br />
OE-512-11
612 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31. 1920<br />
New York Comment<br />
THE MARKET !<br />
STEAM GOODS<br />
Conditions among boiler and radiator manufacturers<br />
are rapidly approaching normal as far as prompt<br />
shipments are concerned. In most cases all back<br />
orders have been shipped and stocks are such as to<br />
insure prompt shipment of future orders for regular<br />
goods. A seasonable drop of 12 1 reduced 10 per cent by jobbers. Following the reduction<br />
of 10 per cent by manufacturers of enamel ware<br />
and pottery, jobbers have marked down those goods<br />
15 per cent. They have also reduced soil pipe another<br />
five points, making a total reduction of 35 points since<br />
Xovember, the present discount being 22 per cent.<br />
Business in the plumbing and steam fitting field is<br />
dull and while trade is not normally brisk at this time<br />
of the year, manufacturers and jobbers recognize that<br />
-. per cent on boilers,<br />
the buyer expects reductions and are therefore adjust<br />
7y2 per cent on radiation, 5 per cent on wall radiation<br />
ing their prices to the extent that declines in raw<br />
has taken effect, notices of which in many cases are<br />
materials permit. That further reductions in some<br />
about to be mailed. Demand is below normal and in<br />
lines of goods will be made on January 1, or soon<br />
dications point to a further readjustment which will<br />
after, is generally anticipated.<br />
be gradual. No large stocks are reported and most<br />
The steel market is without activity, but the inde<br />
foundries are operating with reduced forces.<br />
pendent mills which recently dropped their prices to<br />
PLUMBIXG GOODS<br />
the U. S. Steel Corporation level have shown little<br />
disposition to make further concessions. Pig iron is<br />
Black and galvanized welded steel pipe continue<br />
still<br />
on<br />
unstable because of resale offerings at low prices,<br />
same level of price with shipments from mills some<br />
but is declining much less rapidly and by many is<br />
what improved. Buying has been affected by season<br />
considered to be close to bottom. Buying is at a low<br />
able conditions making demand slight.<br />
ebb. The non-ferrous metals, also, seem to be reach<br />
Welded wrought iron pipe is very scarce with mills<br />
ing a stable level. Copper is unchanged since a fort<br />
far behind orders. Indications point to a firm tone<br />
night ago, while the other metals have declined, in<br />
in price.<br />
some instances only slightly.<br />
Cast iron soil pipe is plentiful, jobbers' stock being<br />
Pig Iron—The leading Chicago merchant's reduc<br />
largest in several years. A further decline of 10 per<br />
tion to $38, Chicago furnace, on No. 2 foundry, an<br />
cent in price has taken effect with very little demand.<br />
nounced in the last issue, did not induce buying, as<br />
Founders as a rule have very little, if any, stock of<br />
resale quotations soon receded to a lower level. Trad<br />
soil pipe on hand as shipments have been rushed to<br />
ing is at a minimum, with ruling prices on Northern<br />
jobbers on back orders.<br />
No. 2 foundry about $35, Chicago, and No. 2 South<br />
Vitreous ware remains firm in price, shipments conern,<br />
$34, Birmingham.<br />
tinue to show improvement, jobbers well stocked, de<br />
Copper—There is practically no buving, but prices<br />
mand for immediate needs only.<br />
remain unchanged. On Lake ingot, Chicago dealers<br />
Porcelain enamelware stocks in jobbers' hands is<br />
quote 14y cents per pound for carload lots.<br />
much larger than for some years with price holding<br />
Tin—Consumers of tin are staying out of the market<br />
and demand slight. Foundry shipments have pre<br />
and trading even between brokers is at a minimum.<br />
cluded building of manufacturers' stocks. However,<br />
Prices are slightly weaker than two weeks ago.<br />
many foundries have closed down for from two to<br />
Chicago dealers quote Straits pig in carlots at 35 to<br />
four weeks for inventory.<br />
36 cents per pound.<br />
Brass goods have shown a slight decline in price<br />
Lead—With buying at a low ebb, this metal has<br />
with demand' well below normal.<br />
shown further weakness, tbe present quotation of<br />
Indications point to a short period of general busi<br />
Chicago dealers for small lots being 4.70 cents per<br />
ness depression. However, more optimism and con<br />
pound.<br />
fidence is evidenced. While some further readjust<br />
Zinc—The decline in spelter has been sharper than<br />
ment of prices is apparent the trend of opinion is that<br />
in the other metals, prices having declined 40 cents<br />
business is on a very firm foundation and that the<br />
per 100 lb. Chicago dealers quote slabs in small lots<br />
present depression will work to the advantage of those<br />
at 5.75 cents per pound.<br />
who get things in shape to cope with the large volume<br />
Solder—<strong>Plumber</strong>s' solder is quoted at 17 cents per<br />
of work which will soon open up.<br />
pound in 100 lb. lots, a reduction of 3 cents.<br />
Chicago Comments<br />
Pig Iron<br />
Although raw material price reductions bave slackA<br />
further drop in prices is noted with little buying as<br />
ened, if they have not reached bottom, readjustments the new year with its developments are awaited.<br />
in the plumbing and steam fitting field are under way. NEW YORK<br />
East Pa. No. 1 fdy Sil 2.75 to 3.25 per cent. . _4n S? to *41 52<br />
The American Radiator Co. has announced a cut of East Pa. No. 2X fdy Sil 2.25 to 2.75 •• " 3877 o 407.<br />
Yiy-i per cent on cast-iron boilers and 7y2 per cent on East Pa. No. 2 fdy Sil 1.75 to 2.25 " " ... 1752,0 ..52<br />
_<br />
radiation with the exception of wall, which is down<br />
5 per cent. Range boilers and pottery have been reduced<br />
10 per cent, and pipe fittings have been marked<br />
down generally to the prices of the leading manufacturer.<br />
In plumbers' brass goods a few items have been<br />
uf - 10 Sil 1.75 to 2.25 " " ...'.••• 4046 o 4146<br />
Virginia No. 2 Sil 1.75 to 2.25 " " X.' 43.. 1 t_ 44_>1<br />
CHICAGO<br />
Northern Coke No. 1 Sil 2.25 to 2.75 per cent. . «•,•; ->c . »««<br />
Northern Coke No. 2<br />
Southern Coke fdy.<br />
Southern Coke fdy.<br />
Sil 1.75 to 2.25<br />
Sil 2.75 to 3.25<br />
Sil 2.25 to 2.75<br />
"<br />
"<br />
"<br />
"<br />
"<br />
"<br />
._nn . ,_nn<br />
.... _ ,„. !° „?•„,<br />
'. " ' " li o. .° WAI<br />
Southern Coke fdy. Sil 1.75 to 2.25 " " ['" Jn'_; !° _,_.<br />
4U.67 to 42.67
December 31. 1920 _J \t £* MflfPLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER 613<br />
PHILADELPHIA<br />
Eastern Pa. No. 2 Plain Sil 1.75 to 2.25 per cent $33.54 to $36.54<br />
Eastern Pa. No. 2 X Sil 2.25 to 2.75 " •• 34.79 to 37.79<br />
Virginia No. 2 Plain Sil 1.75 to 2.25 " " 43.74 to 47.74<br />
Virginia No. 2X Sil 2.25 to 2.75 " " 44.99 to 48.99<br />
CLEVELAND<br />
Northern No. 2 fdy Sil 1.75 to 2.25 per cent $35.56 to $39.56<br />
Southern fdy Sil 2.25 to 2.75 " " 44.67 to 46.67<br />
CINCINNATI<br />
Southern Coke Sil 1.75 to 2.25 per cent (base price) $38.50 to $42.50<br />
Southern Coke Sil 2.25 to 2.75 " " (No. 2 Soft) 39.75 to 41.75<br />
Southern Ohio No. 2 SU 1.75 to 2.25 " " (No. 2) 34.52 to 37.52<br />
Old Materials<br />
Scrap Iron, New York.—The market has no life and dealers<br />
are not buying. Some No. 1 machinery cast has sold<br />
at 1 cent per lb. Prices which dealers in New York and<br />
Brooklyn are quoted to local foundries, per gross ton:<br />
No. 1 machinery cast $26.00 to 27.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast columns, building materials, etc.,<br />
cupola size 26.00 to 27.00<br />
No. 1 heavy cast not cupola size 18.00 to 19 00<br />
No. 2 cast (radiators, cast boilers, etc.) 19.00 to 20.00<br />
Iron and steel pipe (1 in. diam., not under 2 ft. long) 10.00 to 11.00<br />
Stove plate 17.00 to 18.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Chicago—Consumers are still holding aloof<br />
from the market, but we note fewer price declines and a<br />
firmer tone in most grades. Quotations per gross ton, delivered<br />
consumers' yards follow:<br />
No. 1 cast $19.50 to 20.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 8.00 to 8.50<br />
Cast borings 10.50 to 11.00<br />
Stove plate 22.50 to 23.00<br />
Grate bars 14.50 to 15.00<br />
Railroad Malleable 16.50 to 17.00<br />
Agricultural malleable 16.50 to 17.00<br />
Country mixed 11.00 to 11.50<br />
No. 1 busheling 15.00 to 15.50<br />
Scrap Iron, Pittsburgh—There is an unchecked decline in<br />
prices and are not based on sales. Dealers quote:<br />
Cast iron wheels 30.00 to 31.00<br />
Machine shop turnings 10.50 to 11.00<br />
Sheet bar crop ends (at origin) 19.00 to 20.00<br />
Heavy steel axle turnings 15.00 to 16.00<br />
Short shoveling turnings 13.00 to 14.00<br />
Heavy breakable cast 23.00 to 24.00<br />
Stove plate 19.00 to 20.00<br />
Cast iron borings 14.00 to 15.00<br />
No. 1 railroad wrought 22.00 to 23.00<br />
Scrap Iron, Boston—Noticeable declines have been felt in<br />
the market believed to be due to restriction in orders from<br />
consumers. Few large sales are reported. Dealers are generally<br />
paying as follows:<br />
Wrought No. 1 yard long $12.00 to 13.00<br />
Stove plate 19.00 to 19.50<br />
No. 1 machinery 28.00 to 29 00<br />
Breakable cast 25.00 to 26.00<br />
Wrought iron pipe 15.00 to 15.50<br />
Steel rails 19.00 to 20.00<br />
Heavv melting steel 15.00 to 16.00<br />
Turnings, machine shop 10.00 to 11.00<br />
Car wheels 32.00 to 33.00<br />
Car axles, steel 32.00 to 33.00<br />
Cast borings 13.00 to 13.50<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, New York.—Business has been hard to put<br />
through during the past week as the market was sluggish<br />
with prices slightly lower. Dealers buying prices are nominally<br />
as follows:<br />
Cents<br />
Per Lb.<br />
Copper, heavy and crucible 11.00<br />
Copper, heavy and wire 1000<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 8.25<br />
Brass, heavy 6.75<br />
Brass, light 4.75<br />
Heavy machine composition , 10.50<br />
No. 1 yellow brass turnings 6.00<br />
No. 1 red brass or composition turnings S.25<br />
Lead, heavy 3.50<br />
I.ead, tea 3.00<br />
Zinc 3.50<br />
Old <strong>Metal</strong>s, Chicago—Although we note a few more price<br />
recessions, the market is considerably firmer, despite slack<br />
business. Dealers' buying prices are nominally as follows:<br />
Cents<br />
per lb.<br />
Red brass 9.00<br />
Yellow brass, heavy 6.00<br />
Yellow brass, light 5.25<br />
Copper, heavy and clips 9.00<br />
Copper, light and bottoms 7.50<br />
Lead pipe 3.00<br />
Tin foil 20.00<br />
Block tin pipe 25.00<br />
Pewter No. 1 1750<br />
Zinc 3.00<br />
Soldered joints 5.50<br />
Tea Lead 2.00<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND<br />
FROST-PROOF<br />
CLOSETS<br />
are helping plumbers to<br />
build bigger business<br />
from existing buildings<br />
Your customers who are postponing<br />
new building operations will be glad<br />
to avail themselves of the convenience<br />
of the VOGEL in unheated places,<br />
such as the garage, back porch or yard.<br />
You can meet this demand<br />
with the VOGEL.<br />
It is simple to install.<br />
All ready assembled and<br />
tested when you get it.<br />
No pit needed.<br />
Ask your jobber or send<br />
to us for catalogue.<br />
Jos.A.VogelGo.<br />
Wilmington<br />
Delaware<br />
Saves 2 to 3 Gallons of<br />
Water on Each Flushing<br />
Look at the problem with the eyes of an architect or<br />
building manager, and it will bring sales to you. Here is<br />
a closet that flushes perfectly on less water than others,<br />
and saves many dollars on the year's water bill.<br />
Watrous Duojet Closets have been specified this year<br />
in hundreds of new buildings—and remodelings.<br />
Two powerful, converging jets insure immediate action,<br />
a thorough flush, with no waste water. The Watrous<br />
Duojet principle has no crevices, lodges or zigzag passage s<br />
which form objectionable fouling places.<br />
Write todav for catalog of the Watrous line, which<br />
includes drinking fountains, flushing valves, urinals,<br />
self-closing cocks, liquid soap fixtures, etc.<br />
THE IMPERIAL BRASS MFG. CO.<br />
1223 W. Harrison St., Chicago, 111.<br />
4t/AJ8£uc<br />
W/ PLUMBING X<br />
ff FIXTURES . J<br />
T ^E D RTL E OW<br />
STEAM FITTER when you write.
614 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31, 1920<br />
Capital and Plant Extensions<br />
The American Blower Co., 141 Broadway, New<br />
York, manufacturer of mechanical draft equipment,<br />
fans, motors, etc., a New York corporation with<br />
plants at Green Island, N. Y., and Detroit, has<br />
increased its capital from $1,500,000 to $3,750,000.<br />
The National Plumbing & Heating Supply Co.,<br />
6044 South State Street, Chicago, has let contracts<br />
for a one and two-story plant, garage and office,<br />
200 x 375 ft. at 201-209 East Sixty-third street,<br />
to cost $250,000.<br />
The American Water Softener Co., 1011<br />
Chestnut street, Philadelphia, manufacturer of<br />
filters, water conditioning equipment, etc., has<br />
taken title to the factory at the corner of<br />
Fourth street and Lehigh avenue, for manufacturing.<br />
The Narowetz Heating & Ventilating Co., 223<br />
West Lake street, Chicago, has let contract for<br />
the construction of a one-story plant, 82 x 132<br />
ft, at 1711-1717 Park avenue, to cost $65,000.<br />
The Multiplex Mfg. Co., Berwick, Ta., manufacturer<br />
of pumps, valves, etc., is considering<br />
the erection of a two-story building on East<br />
Fifth street, to cost about $10,000.<br />
The Republic Boiler & Radiator Co., Maryland<br />
Casualty Tower, Baltimore, recently incorporated with<br />
a capital of $1,000,000 to manufacture steam and hot<br />
water boilers and kindred specialties, is considering a<br />
number of sites in the eastern section of the city for<br />
its new plant. Enos S. Stockbridge, E. McClure<br />
Rouzer and William Lentz head the company.<br />
The Shoppe Flush Valve Co., 10 Railroad Place,<br />
Newark, has filed notice of <strong>org</strong>anization to manufacture<br />
valves and similar specialties. Frank L. Shoppe,<br />
104 Jackson street, Passaic, N. J., and Edward G.<br />
Hedges, 271 Belleville avenue, Newark, head the<br />
company.<br />
The United Lead Co., Maurer, near Perth Amboy,<br />
N. J., has filed plans for two additions to cost about<br />
$150,000. The larger structure will be three stories,<br />
steel and concrete, 110x175 ft., estimated to cost<br />
$125,000, and the other one storv, 60x200 ft., to cost<br />
$25,000.<br />
VV. L. Blake & Co., Portland, Me., pipe, fittings, etc.,<br />
has acquired property on East Commercial street,<br />
heretofore held by the Cumberland County Power &•<br />
Light Co. as a site for a new works.<br />
The Lawson Mfg. Co., Lexington avenue and<br />
Thomas boulevard, Pittsburgh, manufacturer of stoves,<br />
heaters, ranges, etc., has called a special meeting of<br />
stockholders on February 8, 1921, to vote an increase in<br />
capital to $100,000. L. E. Rott is secretary.<br />
The Crane Co., Chicago, manufacturer of pipe,<br />
valves, water and steam specialties, etc., is having<br />
plans prepared by M<strong>org</strong>an, Walls & M<strong>org</strong>an, 1124 Van<br />
Nuys building, Los Angeles, architects, for a new twostory<br />
and basement building, 80x100 ft., on East<br />
Third street.<br />
Abendroth Brothers, Inc., 101 Park avenue. New<br />
York, manufacturer of stoves, heating boilers, soil<br />
pipe, etc., with plant at Port Chester, N. Y., have increased<br />
their capital from $600,000 to $800,000.<br />
Improved <strong>Steam</strong> Pipe Casing<br />
Laboratory tests conducted by A. Wyckoff & Son C<br />
Elmira, N. Y., manufacturers of wood steam pipe<br />
casing, have led to several changes in its construction,<br />
all tending to make it more durable and improve its<br />
insulating properties. As it is now constructed, there<br />
is an inner shell, as shown in illustration at A, made<br />
of gulf cypress 2 in. thick. Around this inner casing<br />
is an asphaltum packing marked B, the heavy steel<br />
IMPROVED STEAM PIPE CASING<br />
wires around inner shell allowing of an air spac<br />
54-in. between inner and outer shell, thus increasing<br />
the air space 50 per cent. The outside shell is then<br />
applied, shown as D, 1 in. thick, made of gulf cypress<br />
or white pine, the outer coating being given a heavy<br />
coating of asphalt to prevent oxidization of the heavy<br />
steel wire which holds the casing together.<br />
This casing is made for steam pipes from 2 to 19 in.<br />
in diameter, inclusive, and complete information can<br />
be had by addressing the manufacturers.<br />
A Cure for Smoky Fireplaces<br />
The improved rotary ventilator works on the same<br />
principle as the exhaust fan, using the wind as the<br />
motor force, the whirling head creating a suction. It<br />
is simple in construction and durable. It is so ar-<br />
1M PROVED ROTARY VENTILATOR<br />
ranged that the hardened steel spindle and bear<br />
m oil, being noiseless in operation, and is recommended<br />
by the manufacturers as a cure for smoky chimneys<br />
or fireplaces. Further information about this<br />
ventilator can be had by addressing Fenn Ventilator<br />
Co., 94 Blackstone street, Boston, Mass.
December 31. 1920 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER<br />
Progressive <strong>Plumber</strong>s of America, install Josam Drains,<br />
wherever there is a ceiling below.<br />
Josam Drains are recognized as "Standard" of America.<br />
They are Leak-proof, Trouble-proof, substantially built—an<br />
asset to any building.<br />
They insure against discomfort of water leakage, and once<br />
installed need no further attention.<br />
For Office Buildings, Creameries, Hotels, Factories, in fact<br />
any building where there is ceiling below.<br />
•i::,.w,w^/fflV,l«^^<br />
Please mention PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER when you write.<br />
Use Josam<br />
615<br />
^Drains<br />
with the following results: a perfect<br />
job, absolutely free from<br />
leakage—a satisfied customer—a<br />
better profit ratio, which will not<br />
be absorbed by 'come-backs'due to<br />
leakages impossible to overcome<br />
when ordinary drains are used."<br />
—Mr. Fred Weiss,<br />
if Weiss Plumbing Co., Cleveland, Ohic
62 PLUMBER AND STEAM FITTER December 31. 1920<br />
Advance Pump and Comressor Co 74<br />
Allen, L,. B. Co., Inc 71<br />
American District <strong>Steam</strong> Co 15<br />
Armstrong Mfg. Co IS<br />
Ayling & Reichert Co 76<br />
Itarrttt Co 3<br />
Bastian-Morley Co 6, 7<br />
Bernz, Otto 71<br />
Buffalo F<strong>org</strong>e Co 14<br />
Bullard Specialty Co 16<br />
Burlington Brass Woiks 71<br />
Classified Advertising 62<br />
Clayton & Lambert Mfg. Co 71<br />
Cleveland Engineering Institute 62<br />
Compound Injector & Specialty Co.... 9<br />
Cosgrove-Cosgrove Co 71<br />
Curtis & Curtis Co 13<br />
Dahlquist Mfg. Co 8<br />
Detroit Range Boiler & Stejl Barrel Co 21<br />
Drop F<strong>org</strong>ing Co 21, 76<br />
Duriron Co 19<br />
Eagle-Picher Lead Co 74<br />
Economy Pumping Machinery Co. ... 74<br />
Esterbrook, R. Sons 73<br />
Economy Scale Remover Co., Inc.... 11<br />
Fenn Ventilator Co 72<br />
Flint & Walling Mfg. Co 22<br />
Frost Mfg. Co 16<br />
Gerstein Bros. & Copper 70<br />
Gorton ,_ Lidgerwood Mfg. Co 63<br />
llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllM<br />
Situations wanted:<br />
$1.00 for 25 words<br />
Index to Advertisers<br />
Graff Furnace Co 17<br />
Groeniger Mfg. Co 22<br />
Hamburg Boiler Works 70<br />
Hartman, Charles 65<br />
Hartman Ingot <strong>Metal</strong> Co 71<br />
Haynes Selling Co 73<br />
Hess Warming & Ventilating Co 70<br />
Horigan Supply Co 19<br />
Hotstream Heater Co .74<br />
Illinois Malleable Iron Co 74<br />
Imperial Brass Mfg. Co 613<br />
Jenkins Bros 23<br />
Jeter, A. H. Co., Inc 65<br />
Josam Mfg. Co 615<br />
Kalamazoo Sanitary Mfg. Co 76<br />
Kinsey & Mahler Co 71<br />
Koven, L. & O. & Bro 20<br />
Maddock, John & Son 19<br />
Marcy Stove Repair Co 70<br />
Martin, H. P. & Sons 72<br />
Merrell Mfg. Co 72<br />
Morency-Van Buren Mfg. Co 76<br />
National Tube Co 20<br />
Nelson, N. O. Mfg. Co 4<br />
Oxweld Acetylene Co. 611<br />
CLASSIFIED<br />
ADVERTISING<br />
Patterson-Kelley Co 73<br />
Pierce, Butler & Pierce Mfg. Corp.... 73<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong> and <strong>Steam</strong> <strong>Fitter</strong> 71<br />
Products Corp 72<br />
Rundle Spence Mfg. Co 75<br />
Ryan, B. Co 63<br />
Saunders, D. Sons 72<br />
Schwertle Stamp Co 62<br />
Smith, H. B. Co 28<br />
Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co 5<br />
Starrett, L- S. Co 63<br />
Stove Repair Corp 70<br />
Street & Kent Mfg. Co 10<br />
St. Louis Technical Institute 70<br />
Toledo Pipe Threading Co 23<br />
Trageser, John <strong>Steam</strong> Copper Works.. 18<br />
Trenton Brass & Machine Co 75<br />
U. P. C. Book Co 24, 25<br />
Vogel, Jos. A 1, 613<br />
War Department , 12<br />
Weiskitell & Son. A •. 26<br />
Wheeler Condenser & Engineering Co. 65<br />
G. Wilkins, Ge<strong>org</strong>e H. Co 72<br />
Williams, J. H. & Co 69<br />
Wing, L. J. Mfg. Co 23<br />
Wolff, L. Mfg. Co 2<br />
Wolverine Brass Works 76<br />
Wyckoff, A. & Son Co 69<br />
50 cents for 25 words or less, 2 cents each additional word. All other classified advertising:<br />
or less, 3 cents each additional word, or $1.75 per inch each insertion. Payment in full should<br />
accompany each a dvertisement<br />
nilllllllllll!IIIIil!l!!ill!ll!!l!c!>:il!li!!!llllllllllllllllllllll<br />
WANTED—Two or three steam<br />
HELP WANTED<br />
fitters who can do first class work<br />
SITUATION WANTED : BY a on residence heating to work in<br />
licensed plumber witb 14 years Eastern No. Carolina. Good wages<br />
experience. Can do a little steam, and expenses will be paid. Address<br />
hot water and gas fitting. Also a Box York 423-B, care <strong>Metal</strong> <strong>Worker</strong>, New<br />
little tinning if necessary. Wages<br />
t. f.<br />
<strong>Plumber</strong>, age 32, married, wants<br />
reasonable. Arthur James, Gen<br />
a position in the South. Address<br />
eral Deliverv, Bridgeport, Conn.<br />
box 244-A care PLUMBER _ STEAM<br />
2446<br />
FITTER, New York. 2446<br />
MMM M A M HAND MAOS<br />
ALPHABETS AND F1