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Flight Training Instruction - Cnatra - U.S. Navy

Flight Training Instruction - Cnatra - U.S. Navy

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500. INTRODUCTION<br />

CHAPTER FIVE<br />

BASIC INSTRUMENT MANEUVERS<br />

Prior to performing precise instrument flying, one must master some basic instrument skills.<br />

What follows is a short discussion on some key instrument flying skills.<br />

501. AIRSPEED CHANGES<br />

General. Smooth, controlled, deliberate change of airspeed is an integral part of all instrument<br />

flying.<br />

Description. Change of power setting to affect change in airspeed. At the completion of an<br />

airspeed change, power is set to maintain the new airspeed. Aircraft should be trimmed during<br />

airspeed changes and fine tuned at the target airspeed, normally practiced between 150-200<br />

KIAS. The Power-Attitude-Trim (P.A.T.) principle applies.<br />

Procedure. To increase airspeed in straight-and-level flight, advance the Power commensurate<br />

with the airspeed change required beyond the setting required to maintain the new airspeed. As<br />

airspeed increases, lift increases, so there is a climb tendency. Adjust pitch Attitude to maintain<br />

altitude and Trim out control pressures. Approaching target airspeed, reduce power to a setting<br />

estimated to maintain the new airspeed. Reduce airspeed in the same manner, but use an<br />

opposite power schedule. Adjustments to trim will be required almost continually during<br />

airspeed changes. Do not neglect the need for rudder trim. An increase in torque generally<br />

requires right rudder trim. Likewise, a reduction in torque requires left rudder trim. Speed brake<br />

may be used for rapid airspeed reductions. Late speed brake retraction near target airspeed may<br />

result in an overshoot of the targeted airspeed. Trim requirements and the possibility for spatial<br />

disorientation increase with use of the speed brake.<br />

Common Errors.<br />

1. Loss of heading control due to insufficient rudder, and/or rudder trim.<br />

2. Loss of altitude control due to slow crosscheck.<br />

502. CONSTANT AIRSPEED CLIMBS AND DESCENTS<br />

General. Maintain constant airspeed during climb or descent.<br />

Description. Climb or descend at a specific airspeed, normally practiced at 140-200 KIAS. The<br />

Power-Attitude-Trim (P.A.T.) principle applies.<br />

Procedure. To climb, increase Power, raise pitch Attitude to maintain desired airspeed, and<br />

Trim. To descend, reduce Power, lower pitch Attitude to maintain desired airspeed, and re-<br />

Trim. The amount of pitch change varies with airspeed and power setting. Although airspeed is<br />

BASIC INSTRUMENT PROCEDURES 5-1

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