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CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF HOST COUNTRY AND SECTOR 1.1 Economy and Finance 1.1.1 Economic Condition The land of Vietnam was divided into north and south due to the First Indochina War after World War II. After the Vietnamese War, North and South Vietnam have been unified. However, in the wake of Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia in 1978, the country had been isolated by the international society until its invasion ended in 1991. In 1995, the diplomatic relations between the country and the USA was normalized. It then joined the ASEAN, improving its relationships with the international society and neighbor countries. Vietnam is one of the fastest-growing economies in Asia, with an average annual growth in gross domestic product (GDP) of about 7.5% over the last decade. The annual growth of 8.5% in 2007 was fuelled by a robust increase in domestic demand and strong export performance. The growth in consumption was underpinned by higher farm incomes (reflecting rising prices for agricultural commodities), increases in the employment share of manufacturing and service sectors, and buoyant inward remittances. This strong growth has been achieved with relative macroeconomic stability. However in 2008, due to high inflation and the world economic crisis, Vietnamese economy slowed down with GDP growth of 6.2%. Therefore, its economic target value changed to 5% in 2009. In December 2009, the Government of Vietnam declared emergency economic package in order to tackle the world economic crisis. It described the promotion of export and investment, maintaining macroeconomic stability and social security policy (e.g., measure against unemployment, etc.). 1.1.2 Financial Condition The budget deficit and current account balance of Vietnam have worsened since 2006 as shown in Table 1-1. In 2010, the financial deficit is 6.2% (share of GDP), indicating some financial recovery although it is still within the high level. Among ASEAN countries, the current account balance of Vietnam is one of the worst cases. Table 1-1 Balance of Current Account and Financial Deficit in Vietnam share of gross domestic product Year Blance of Current Account Financial Deficit 2006 -0.3 -1.1 2007 -9.8 -5.3 2008 -11.9 -4.5 2009 -7.8 -9.7 2010 -7.2 -6.2 Source: East Asia and Pacific Economical Update, 2010 1-1
1.2 Transport Sector in Vietnam 1.2.1 Transportation Sector Vietnam has a slim topography extending 1,650 km from north to south, and a shoreline of more than 3,000 km. Its economic growth has been driven by the southern economic zone around Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and north economic area around Hanoi. Due to the recent economic growth, the volume of freight/passenger transportation is continuously increasing along highways binding Hanoi, urban region of HCMC, and other provincial cities such as Hai Phong and Can Tho. It is also forecasted that the course of the increase in the future will be further accelerated by the population growth and increases in income. On the other hand, development of railways and inland waterway and sea ports, which are suitable for mass transit of goods and passengers, are comparatively delayed. Existing transportation system consists of a road extending to a total of about 220,000 km, a railroad of about 2,650 km, transportation on inland waterway around the Hong River and Mekong River, and coastal and marine transportation with seven large ports including Saigon Port and Hai Phong Port. In 2005, 65% of goods (by weight) were transported by road, 22% by waterway, 10% by coastal shipping, and 2.7% by railways. Meanwhile, 13.9% of passengers were transported by road, 5.9% by inland waterway, 76.3% by coastal shipping, 3.6% by railways and 0.3% by airplane. It is noted that road plays a major role in goods transportation. International economic integration will be promoted, for example, by ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA). Accordingly, industrial competitive power should be reinforced in order to keep a stable economic growth. It will be necessary to develop a distribution system through large-scaling/speeding-up of freight/passenger transportation by focusing on harbors/airports, which are the doorways of transportation. In addition, the poverty groups are concentrated in farm villages located in remote areas without smooth transportation system. Development of rural roads is necessary to promote agricultural development and village industrialization, in order to achieve income increase and social stability of the regions. In addition, Vietnam is located at the east entrance of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) which has high potential for agricultural products in the world. In this regard, development of transportation means in this region shall be given higher priority (Extracted from JBIC Country Strategy and Program 2006, translated in this Study). 1-2
Page 1 and 2: STUDY ON ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP PROJE
Page 3 and 4: PREFACE This Report is prepared by
Page 5 and 6: 1 2 3 NH30 Tien Giang Trung Luong -
Page 7 and 8: MOT Ministry of Transport MPI Minis
Page 9 and 10: (4) Implementation Program (I/P) to
Page 11 and 12: 4.3 Environmental Legislations ....
Page 13 and 14: APPENDIX Appendix-I Drawings Append
Page 15 and 16: Figure 3-27 Steel Arch Bridge .....
Page 17 and 18: LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Balance of
Page 19: Table 5-16 FIRR Calculation .......
Page 23 and 24: North-South - Hanoi - HCMC Ring Roa
Page 25 and 26: Railway are listed as projects to b
Page 27 and 28: (2) Pre-F/S for Planning of Ho Chi
Page 29 and 30: No. Table 1-6 Ethnicity 1-10 Kinh (
Page 31 and 32: Table 1-7 Temperature Month 1 2 3 4
Page 33 and 34: Table 1-10 List of Industrial Devel
Page 35 and 36: Table 1-11 and Figure 1-4 show the
Page 37 and 38: Mekong Delta is divided by the Tien
Page 39 and 40: CHAPTER 2 STUDY METHOD 2.1 Scope of
Page 41 and 42: 4 Nguyen Anh Duc Cost Estimator TED
Page 43 and 44: (b) Establish Appropriate Communica
Page 45 and 46: Information interface among each ex
Page 47 and 48: (Works in Vietnam) 1st Work in Viet
Page 49 and 50: Table 2-5 Record of Major Meetings
Page 51 and 52: NH No.30 Tien Giang River NH No.80
Page 53 and 54: 3.2 Study Required for Decision on
Page 55 and 56: 3.2.2 Traffic Demand Forecast (1) A
Page 57 and 58: My Thuan 2nd My Thuan bridge Can Th
Page 59 and 60: (b) Vehicle Composition by Survey S
Page 61 and 62: (4) Producing Present OD Matrices (
Page 63 and 64: 9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00
Page 65 and 66: Source: Study Team Truck Traffic/da
Page 67 and 68: 3.2.3 Natural Conditions Survey (1)
Page 69 and 70: To Trung Luong To Can Tho Source: R
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Source: Study Team Figure 3-16 Bori
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(3) Hydrological Survey In My Tho,
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Table 3-12 Water level of the Tien
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Month Levels I II III IV V VI VII V
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Source: Inspection and Maintenance
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Source: Study Team Note: Upstream i
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Source: TEDI Figure 3-23 Bathymetri
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2. Suspension Bridge: Before the de
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Source: Study Team Source: Study Te
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The bridge type comparison based on
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Source: Study Team Figure 3-32 Side
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Table 3-19 Quantities and Construct
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Source: Study team Figure 3-35 Gene
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Source: Study Team Figure 3-37 Gene
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Source: Study Team Figure 3-39 Pers
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Table 3-21 Traffic Demand and Requi
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PCU/hour 7000 6500 6000 5500 5000 4
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Grade (%) Table 3-24 Study of Criti
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sides, hence, 5.5 m in total. The f
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Cross section of two-lane ramp: Car
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3 cm: Roughening asphalt to make fr
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Source: Study Team Figure 3-49 Traf
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Table 3-33 Status of Adjacent Expre
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However, it was proposed to cancel
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iii) Sand Drain (SD) Sand drain is
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Source: Study Team Figure 3-56 Cons
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Source: Study Team (2) Foundation P
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Source: Study Team Source: Study Te
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(c) Cement Source: Study Team Figur
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(6) Construction Schedule The total
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4. Emergency Management 5. Patrols
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(3) Maintenance of Road Road mainte
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No. Total Area (ha) Residential Lan
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No. Poor Households (income less th
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The rate of grid connection is 100%
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Pollution 4.2 Positive Effects From
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Social Environment Resettlement B L
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Finalized Route Table 4-17 Number o
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No. Affected People (AP): APs are t
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10 Vibration Emitted from Road in P
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which is required to be implemented
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4.4 Actions Taken by Project Propon
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Source: Study Team (3) Construction
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(d) Price variation The following p
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5.2 Economic and Financial Analyses
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Source: Study Team (4) Economic Eva
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(c) Sensitivity Analysis Source: St
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(4) Financial Return of Total Inves
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(1) Alternative No. 1: One Package
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Table 6-2 Comparison among Alternat
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Event/ Milestone Time/ Period Excha
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Table 6-4 Anticipated Measures Agai
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PMU My Thuan is a state agency whic
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In this preparation stage of the pr
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CHAPTER 8 TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANTAGES
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cast-in-place piles. Such equipment
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