the toxic truth - Greenpeace

190 Amnesty internAtionAl And greenpeAce netherlAnds
endnotes
277. Report of the Conference of the Parties to the
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary
Movements of Hazardous Wastes and
their Disposal on its eighth meeting (UNEP/
CHW.8/16) available at www.basel.int/meetings/cop/cop8/docs/16e.pdf
(accessed 24
October 2011) para 25.
278. BA-NDAW Safiatou, Cellule Opérationnelle de
Coordination du Plan National de Lutte contre
les Déchets Toxiques, “Synthèse Communication
sur la crise des déchets toxiques dans
le district d’Abidjan”, 29 November 2006,
p8 : “Dispositif d’information. Principe de transparence
et d’interactivité avec le cœur de cibles
à savoir les populations riveraines des sites de
déversement”.
279. The website was at www.dechetstoxiques.
gouv.ci indicated by BA-NDAW Safiatou, Cellule
Opérationnelle de Coordination du Plan National
de Lutte contre les Déchets Toxiques, “Synthèse
Communication sur la crise des déchets toxiques
dans le district d’Abidjan”, 29 November
2006, p1.
280. BA-NDAW Safiatou, Cellule Opérationnelle de
Coordination du Plan National de Lutte contre
les Déchets Toxiques, “Synthèse Communication
sur la crise des déchets toxiques dans le
district d’Abidjan”, 29 November 2006; Conseils
et Recommendations, available at www.dechetstoxiques.gouv.ci/pdf/CONSEILS%20ET%20
RECOMMANDATIONS%202.pdf (accessed 13
March 2012).
281. International Federation of Red Cross and Red
Crescent Societies, Côte d’Ivoire, Health Hazard,
Final Report, DREF Bulletin, 11 July 2007, p2,
available at www.ifrc.org/docs/appeals/06/
MDRCI001fr.pdf (accessed 13 March 2012).
282. For example in mid-September, a UN delegation
visiting Akouédo village noted that the local population
“clearly asked” “for a public conference of
the Authorities to explain to them what exactly is
happening and what measures are to be taken.”
WHO, Position on Toxic Waste in Côte d’Ivoire,
SITREP No. 5, 13 September 2006, p1.
283. Testimonies of Rachel Gogoua, Francoise
Kouadio, interview with Amnesty International
February 2009.
284. Conference of the Parties (COP) Basel Convention,
Provisional report evaluating the chemical
Pollution in Côte d’Ivoire and technical assistance
for the protection of the environment and health,
Plan of urgent action, plan of medium-term
action, Nairobi, undated, p5: “It has been noted
through the various investigations that the dumping
of toxic waste in highly populated zones
had an important psychological impact on the
exposed populations but also on the population
as a whole. The impact was aggravated by the
lack of knowledge on the chemical risks and the
consequences of health.”
285. Between 19 September and November 2006,
1,974 victims were seen by psychologists.
(Source: Association des jeunes psychologues
de Côte d’Ivoire, Assistance psychologique aux
victimes des déchets toxiques, rapport de la
phase critique de la crise des déchets toxiques,
December 2006), p5.
286. Association des jeunes psychologues de Côte
d’Ivoire, Assistance psychologique aux victimes
des déchets toxiques, rapport de la phase critique
de la crise des déchets toxiques, December
2006), p6.
287. WHO, ‘Position on Toxic Waste in Côte d’Ivoire’,
SITREP No. 1, 6 September 2006, p1: “B-
Humanitarian situation – Displacement of
families”. “Il a entraîné des déplacements
massifs des populations dans les zones
fortement adjacentes aux sites de déversement
des déchets toxiques tels que Akouédo, les
quartiers Lauriers 8 et 9, Génie 2000, etc.“,
Plan stratégique national 2006-2009 de lutte
contre les déchets toxiques du Probo Koala et
leur impact sur l’environnement et la santé de
la population, December 2006, p3
288. Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en
Côte d’Ivoire, Results of Fieldwork conducted
between 9 October 2006 and 28 December 2006,
Document 2: Epidemiological Section, pp14-5.
289. Testimonies from victims interviewed by
Amnesty in February 2009, including Françoise
Kouadio and Chef Motto.
290. Testimonies from victims interviewed by Amnesty
in February 2009, including Chef Motto.
291. Letter from the Fédération Nationale des Industries
et Services de Côte d’Ivoire to the Ministry
of Health and Hygiene public, 25 August 2006.
292. WHO, ‘Position on Toxic Waste in Ivory Coast,
SITREP No. 6, 16 September 2006, p1 “Most
companies around the port zone of Vridi Canal
have been closed”.
293. Witness statement of a member of the Collectif
des Travailleurs de Vridi, interview with Amnesty
International, mission in Côte d’Ivoire in 2009.
294. BA-NDAW Safiatou, Cellule Opérationnelle de
Coordination du Plan National de Lutte contre
les Déchets Toxiques Note aux Rédactions
Numéro 005/27-09/06-CICG, 27 September
2006, p1. “Prohibition of all activities (farmland,
fishing and little commerce) in zones situated
next to the zones infected by the toxic waste”,
WHO, Position on Toxic Waste in Côte d’Ivoire,
SITREP No. 6, 16 September 2006, p1.
295. Ministère de la Production Animale et des Ressources
Halieutiques, Résumé de la contribution
du Ministère de la Production et des Ressources
Halieutiques à la gestion de la crise les
[sic] déchets toxiques, 16 May 2007, pp9-10. A
WHO report notes, “Closure of slaughterhouses
around the toxic waste sites. Destruction of
farm land located in a 500m perimeter from the
affected sites, including all the crops that have
been picked since the spill. The government
will compensate the farmers.” WHO, Position on
Toxic Waste in Côte d’Ivoire, SITREP No. 7, 19
September 2006, p1.
296. Plan stratégique national 2006-2009 de lutte
contre les déchets toxiques du Probo Koala et
leur impact sur l’environnement et la santé de
la population, p7.
297. Ministerial note number 1676, 11 September
2006 as cited in Plan stratégique national 2006-
2009 de lutte contre les déchets toxiques du
Probo Koala et leur impact sur l’environnement
et la santé de la population, December 2006, p7.
298. Plan stratégique national 2006-2009 de lutte
contre les déchets toxiques du Probo Koala et
leur impact sur l’environnement et la santé de
la population, December 2006, p7.
299. NFI expert report, Ministry of Justice, Netherlands
Forensic Institute, 29 January 2007,
Odour incident, APS Amsterdam.
300. Republic of Côte d’Ivoire, National Commission
of Enquiry on the toxic waste in the district of
Abidjan, 15 November 2006, French version,
in the annexes the AVR analyses are included
dated 03-07-2006.
301. ATM Afvalstoffen Terminal Moerdijk, Analysis of
sample 3 July 2006. Report published: 8 September
2006.
302. “Evidence Overview of Amsterdam Port Services
B.V.”, E.M. Uittenbosch, City Authority of Amsterdam
Fact 1: section 10.37 of the Environmental
Management Act, Rotterdam 25 May 2010,
l.W. Boogert en R.S. Mackor Public Prosecutors,
pp. 20-1.
303. Amnesty International English translation of verdict
on Trafigura Beheer BV, LJN (National Case
Law Number): BN2149, District Court of Amsterdam,
13/846003-06 (PROMIS), para 8.3.3.9.
304. This was based on what was measured by ATM
Moerdijk as 475,600 mg/l on a sample sent by
APS on July 3, 2006.
305. ATM Afvalstoffen Terminal Moerdijk, Analysis
of sample 3 July 2006.For information on
flashpoint, see: European Waste Catalogue
and Hazardous Waste List www.environ.ie/
en/Publications/Environment/Waste/WEEE/
FileDownLoad,1343,en.pdf.
306. To test for sediments, they would have had to
use specialist sampling equipment (absolute
bottom sampler), designed to pick up sediments
from the bottom of tanks. The choice of NFI
to take a running sample was deliberate as it
would give a better reflection of the composition
of the waste than the combination of a top, middle
and bottom sample. (p9 NFI Expert Report
”Op 3 juli 2006 heeft het NFI (dhr Bakker) de
politie (dhr. J.vd Kamp) geadviseerd over de
monsterneming, Door het NFI is voorgesteld om,
indien praktisch mogelijk, monsters te nemen
over de gehele diepte van de te bemonsteren
tank (zogenaamde running sample), omdat een
running sample in principe een completer beeld
van de samenstelling van de lading geeft dan de
combinatie van een top,- midden, en bodemmonster.
English translation: “On 3 July 2006
NFI (Mr F. Bakker) notified the police (Mr J. vd
Kamp) of the sampling exercise. NFI proposed
that, insofar as possible, samples should taken
from all depths of the tank concerned (so called
running samples), because in principle a running
sample provides a clearer picture of the cargo’s
composition than the combination of a top,
middle and bottom sample.” Police officer J. vd
Kamp has confirmed to Greenpeace that they
did not sample the sediment of the Probo Koala
waste, 21 March 2012.