a tripartite report - Unctad

ZIMBABWE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE ................................................................................................................................. 173
1.0 FOUNDATIONS AND HISTORY OF COMPETITION POLICY ..................................... 173
1.1 Context and History ..............................................................................................................................................173
1.2 Political Context of the Zimbabwe Competition Law ....................................................................................175
1.3 Current Issues in Implementation of the ZCA ...............................................................................................176
2.0 LEGAL FRAMEWORK - THE ZIMBABWE COMPETITION ACT ................................. 176
2.1 Anticompetitive Agreements ..............................................................................................................................177
2.2 Abuse of Dominance ............................................................................................................................................181
2.3 Mergers and Acquisitions ...................................................................................................................................182
2.4 Consumer Protection/Unfair Competition Issues ..........................................................................................184
2.5 Price Control ...........................................................................................................................................................186
3.0 INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES: ENFORCEMENT STRUCTURES AND PRACTICES ............ 186
3.1 Competition Policy Institutions ...........................................................................................................................186
3.2 Sources of Competition Cases ............................................................................................................................188
3.3 Investigative Powers ..............................................................................................................................................189
3.4 Separation of Investigative and Adjudicative Powers ..................................................................................191
3.5 Sanctions .................................................................................................................................................................193
3.6 Role of the Courts ..................................................................................................................................................194
3.7 Other Enforcement Methods ..............................................................................................................................195
3.8 Agency Resources, Caseload, Priorities and Management .........................................................................195
4.0 LIMITS OF COMPETITION POLICY: EXEMPTIONS AND SPECIAL REGULATORY
REGIMES ....................................................................................................................... 200
4.1 Economy-wide Exemptions and Special Treatments.....................................................................................200
Exemptions ..............................................................................................................................................................201
5.0 COMPETITION ADVOCACY ......................................................................................... 202
5.1 Competition Advocacy and Public Education ................................................................................................203
6.0 INTERFACE BETWEEN COMPETITION AND TRADE POLICIES ................................. 204
6.1 Examination of the Merger between Competition and Tariff Commission .............................................204
6.2 Effects to the Implementation of Competition Policy and Law ..................................................................204
7.0 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND REGIONAL COOPERATION ................................205
8.0 FINDINGS AND POSSIBLE POLICY OPTIONS ............................................................ 206
8.1 Recommendations addressed to the Legislature (Proposals for Amendment of the Current
Competition Law) ...................................................................................................................................................206
8.2 Recommendations addressed to the Government ......................................................................................208
8.3 Recommendations addressed to the CTC .......................................................................................................208
8.4 Further Recommendations ..................................................................................................................................209
NOTES ..................................................................................................................................... 211
171
ZIMBABWE