BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES - Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES - Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES - Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie
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might <strong>de</strong>velop fear for flying after experiencing a near air disaster. Once<br />
such a phobia <strong>de</strong>velops, the individual may go to great lengths to avoid the<br />
feared situation, and so eliminating a possible fear. Other phobias may be<br />
learned through observation. fearful parents tend to produce children who<br />
share their fears. This phobia might be inherited, but it is more likely that<br />
parents provi<strong>de</strong> a mo<strong>de</strong>l and that the children imitate that mo<strong>de</strong>l. Other<br />
phobias might <strong>de</strong>velop because they are rewar<strong>de</strong>d. When a child is afraid<br />
of going to school because he will be separated from his parents for a<br />
while, he will say he has a stomachache or something like that. Then his<br />
parents reward him with the comfort of staying home with his parents.<br />
Behavioral techniques have proved successful in treating phobias,<br />
especially simple and social phobias. One technique, systematic<br />
<strong>de</strong>sensitization, involves confronting the phobic person with situations or<br />
objects that are feared. Exposure therapy, another behavioral method, has<br />
recently been shown to be more effective. In this technique, phobias are<br />
repeatedly exposed to the feared situation or object so that they can see<br />
that no harm befalls them; the fear gradually fa<strong>de</strong>s. Antianxiety drugs have<br />
also been used as palliatives. Drugs to treat <strong>de</strong>pression have also proved<br />
successful in treating some phobias.<br />
► Exercises and Discussions:<br />
1. What is the subject-matter of behavioral sciences?<br />
2. What are the methods (sources) of knowledge in behavioral<br />
sciences?<br />
3. Describe the factors that influence human behavior (biological,<br />
psychological and social).<br />
4. What is abnormal behavior? Abnormal behavior types.<br />
5. Construct your own <strong>de</strong>finition of term “behaviors” in the light of<br />
acquired knowledge.<br />
► Recommen<strong>de</strong>d Essays<br />
1. The importance of behavioral science for medical activity.<br />
Psycho – somatic mo<strong>de</strong>l of treatment.<br />
2. A. Maslow’s conception of Motivation.<br />
3. Emotion as incentive of human behavior.<br />
4. Age and behavior.<br />
► Literature:<br />
1. Fa<strong>de</strong>m Barbara. Behavioral science. Lippincott Williams &<br />
Wilkins, 2008.<br />
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