BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES - Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie

BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES - Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES - Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie

01.06.2013 Views

6.4. Barriers and Solutions for Effective Medical Communication In the first paragraph of this chapter we make the general approach to the topic of communication barriers. The barriers discussed can be met in any professional setting. And they are met in medical context also but with some peculiarities proper to medical profession. Barriers and solution for effective communication between physician and patient While the majority of doctors seek to encourage open and informative dialogue with patients, it is recognized that episodes of poor communication occur. There are a number of barriers to communication ranging from personal traits to organizational: A lack of skill and understanding of the structures of conversational interaction. For example, the importance of providing accessible information in a language that is tailored to the patient, giving structured explanations and listening to patients’ views, thereby encouraging two-way communication. Inadequate knowledge of, or training in, other communication skills including body language and speed of speech. Problems may be caused by insufficient personal insight into communication difficulties. In some cases communication will be hampered by factors as straightforward as poorly laid out furniture. Doctors undervaluing the importance of communicating. For example, not appreciating the importance of keeping patients adequately informed. In some cases this will stem from a wider imbalance in the relationship between doctor and patient. Negative attitudes of doctors towards communication. For example, giving it a low priority due to a concern primarily to treat illness rather than focusing on the patient’s holistic needs such as psychological and social wellbeing. This is often an artificial distinction since health and ill health tend to be composed of physical, psychological and social components. A lack of inclination to communicate with patients can be due to lack of time, uncomfortable topics, lack of confidence and concerns relating to confidentiality lack of knowledge about the illness/condition or treatment. The last need not be a barrier to effective communication so long as doctors are honest about the limitations of their knowledge. Doctors should recognize that in many cases patients may be as knowledgeable or insightful about their own conditions as the doctor 129

human failings, such as tiredness and stress inconsistency in providing information language barriers. Identifying the specific factors inhibiting good communication should be mentioned that these are overcoming by the mean of communication skills training and reflection. Good communication skills expected of healthcare workers include the ability to: o talk to patients, carers and colleagues effectively and clearly, conveying and receiving the intended message; o providing patients and others with adequate information; o handling complaints appropriately; o enable patients and their carers to communicate effectively; o listen effectively especially when time is pressured; o identify potential communication difficulties and work through solutions; o understand the differing methods of communication used by individuals; o understand that there are differences in communication signals between cultures; o cope in specific difficult circumstances; o understand how to use and receive non verbal messages given by body language; o utilize spoken, written and electronic methods of communication; o know when the information received needs to be passed on to another person/professional for action; o know and interpret the information needed to be recorded on patients records, writing discharge letters, copying letters to patients and gaining informed consent; o recognize the need for further development to acquire specialist skills. Barriers and solution for effective communication in medical team Health professionals tend to work autonomously, even though they may speak of being part of a team. Efforts to improve health care safety and quality are often jeopardized by the communication and collaboration barriers that exist between clinical staff. Although every organization is unique, the barriers to effective communication that organizations face have some common themes. There are some common barriers to interprofessional communication and collaboration: Personal values and expectations, 130

human failings, such as tiredness and stress inconsistency in providing<br />

information language barriers.<br />

I<strong>de</strong>ntifying the specific factors inhibiting good communication<br />

should be mentioned that these are overcoming by the mean of<br />

communication skills training and reflection.<br />

Good communication skills expected of healthcare workers<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong> the ability to:<br />

o talk to patients, carers and colleagues effectively and clearly,<br />

conveying and receiving the inten<strong>de</strong>d message;<br />

o providing patients and others with a<strong>de</strong>quate information;<br />

o handling complaints appropriately;<br />

o enable patients and their carers to communicate effectively;<br />

o listen effectively especially when time is pressured;<br />

o i<strong>de</strong>ntify potential communication difficulties and work through<br />

solutions;<br />

o un<strong>de</strong>rstand the differing methods of communication used by<br />

individuals;<br />

o un<strong>de</strong>rstand that there are differences in communication signals<br />

between cultures;<br />

o cope in specific difficult circumstances;<br />

o un<strong>de</strong>rstand how to use and receive non verbal messages given by body<br />

language;<br />

o utilize spoken, written and electronic methods of communication;<br />

o know when the information received needs to be passed on to another<br />

person/professional for action;<br />

o know and interpret the information nee<strong>de</strong>d to be recor<strong>de</strong>d on patients<br />

records, writing discharge letters, copying letters to patients and<br />

gaining informed consent;<br />

o recognize the need for further <strong>de</strong>velopment to acquire specialist skills.<br />

Barriers and solution for effective communication in medical team<br />

Health professionals tend to work autonomously, even though they<br />

may speak of being part of a team. Efforts to improve health care safety<br />

and quality are often jeopardized by the communication and collaboration<br />

barriers that exist between clinical staff. Although every organization is<br />

unique, the barriers to effective communication that organizations face<br />

have some common themes. There are some common barriers to interprofessional<br />

communication and collaboration:<br />

Personal values and expectations,<br />

130

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