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336 NOTES TO PAGES 248–251
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3. Rand was still friendly with the Hessens during this time, although they had
relocated to Princeton, New Jersey, and met infrequently.
4. Nathaniel Branden, The Psychology of Self Esteem (Los Angeles: Nash, 1969).
Branden described his later therapeutic practice as eclectic and experimental, drawing
on gestalt therapy, Alexander Lowen’s bioenergetic therapy, and his own sentence-completion
methodology. Other approaches of interest to Branden were those
of Wilhelm Reich, Arthur Janov, Abraham Maslow, and Thomas Szasz. “Break Free!
An Interview with Nathaniel Branden,” Reason, October 1971, 4–19. Branden’s connections
to and infl uence upon New Age psychology, which one commentator identifi
es as “the quest for the higher self,” are well worth exploring. Richard Kyle, The
New Age Movement in American Culture (Lanham, MD: University Press of America,
1995), 137. Although Branden had no connection to Esalen, Jeffrey Kripal’s Esalen:
America and the Religion of No Religion (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007)
suggests fruitful ways to understand the historical signifi cance of pop psychology in
the 1970s. Branden’s books have sales fi gures to rival Rand’s. According to his website,
his twenty books have sold nearly six million copies. See www.nathanielbranden.com
[March 5, 2009].
5. Ayn Rand, The Fountainhead, 50th anniversary ed. (1943; New York: Signet,
1993), vi.
6. Cynthia Peikoff, interview transcripts for “Sense of Life” documentary, December
2, 1994. ARP.
7. Leonard Peikoff, The Ominous Parallels (New York: Stein and Day, 1982). The
Objectivist oral tradition is described in Allan Gotthelf, On Ayn Rand (Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth, 2000), 26. Peikoff’s Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand (New York:
Dutton, 1991) draws on this oral tradition. Rand’s students in these last years included,
among others, George Walsh, John Nelson, David Kelley, Michael Berliner, Harry
Binswanger, Peter Schwartz, George Reisman, and John Ridpath. After her death Peikoff
released two additional essay collections under her name, Philosophy: Who Needs It?
(New York: Signet, 1982) and The Voice of Reason, ed. Leonard Peikoff (New York: New
American Library, 1989).
8. Rand’s loss of stature following the “Objecti-schism” is detailed in Sidney
Greenberg, Ayn Rand and Alienation: The Platonic Idealism of the Objective Ethics and a
Rational Alternative (San Francisco: Sidney Greenberg, 1977). Circulation fi gures are in
The Objectivist, December 1969, 768. Karen Reedstrom, “Interview with Anne Wortham,”
Full Context, March 1994, 6; Anne Wortham, The Other Side of Racism (Columbus: Ohio
State University Press, 1981). Wortham is currently a professor of sociology at Illinois
State University and a Hoover Institution Fellow.
9. The Rational Individualist 1, no. 8 (1969): 1.
10. Roy Childs, “Open Letter to Ayn Rand,” in Liberty against Power: Essays by Roy A.
Childs, Jr., ed. Joan Kennedy Taylor (San Francisco: Fox and Wilkes, 1994), 145, 155, italics
in original. This letter was prefi gured by another article by Childs: “The Contradiction
in Objectivism,” Rampart Journal, spring 1968.
11. Western World Review Newsletter, no. 2 (October 1969): 3, Box 18, David Walter
Collection, Hoover Archives.
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