jbgotmar

308 NOTES TO PAGES 60–65
More oxford books @ www.OxfordeBook.com
53. Important geographic variations persisted, with the Party remaining strong in
California throughout World War II. Betty Friedan and Robert Oppenheimer, for example,
became close to Communists in Berkeley during this time. See Daniel Horowitz,
Betty Friedan and The Making of the Feminine Mystique (Amherst, MA: University of
Massachusetts Press, 1998), 92–94.
54. For the history of the CPUSA, including membership fi gures, see Harvey Klehr,
The Heyday of American Communism: The Depression Decade (New York: Basic Books,
1984); Maurice Isserman, Which Side Were You On? The American Communist Party
During the Second World War (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1982).
55. Pollock’s column “This Week,” ran in the supplement to the Sunday Herald
Tribune. Pollock, “What Can We Do for Democracy,” Town Hall Forum of the West,
ARP 146-PO1.
56. AR to Pollock, April 28, 1941, Letters, 45.
57. Rand’s “Manifesto of Individualism” has not been published. For an extended
treatment, with particular attention to the connections among the “Manifesto,” Anthem,
and The Fountainhead, see Jeff Britting, “Anthem and the Individualist Manifesto,” in
Mayhew, Essays on Ayn Rand’s Anthem, 70–80.
58. Rand, “Manifesto of Individualism,” undated typescript with handwritten edits,
2–4, ARP, 029–90A.
59. Ibid, 6.
60. Ibid. 14.
61. Ibid., 15.
62. Ibid., 17. Rand’s distinction between social classes, typically understood, and her
views of the worthy echoes Ortega y Gasset, who railed against the “masses” yet emphasized
that the term did not mean working class but rather “anyone who does not value
himself.” Revolt of the Masses, 7.
63. Journals, 90.
64. Rand, “Manifesto of Individualism,” 10, 12, 33.
65. Journals, 84. Some of the changes Rand made to a second edition of We the
Living, released in 1959, may also track this shift in perspective. See Robert Mayhew, “We
the Living: ’36 and ’59,” in Essays on Ayn Rand’s We the Living (Lanham, MD: Lexington
Books, 2004), 203–4; Rand, “Manifesto.”
66. Biographical Interview 14.
67. Carl Snyder, Capitalism the Creator: The Economic Foundations of Modern
Industrial Society (New York: Macmillan, 1940), 4, 363. Tellingly, Synder’s work was
also read by F. A. Hayek; see Hayek, “Review of Capitalism the Creator by Carl Snyder,”
Economica 7, no. 28. (1940): 437–39.
68. Snyder, Capitalism the Creator, 416.
69. Rand, “Manifesto,” 21, quoted in Britting, Ayn Rand, 74.
70. Adam Smith, Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759; New York: Cambridge University
Press, 2005).
71. Rand, “Manifesto,” 22, 32, 33, quoted in Britting, Ayn Rand, 74.
72. AR to Pollock, May 1, 1941, Letters, 46.
Fore more urdu books visit www.4Urdu.com