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300 NOTES TO PAGES 11–18
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Russia (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002), 222; Zvi Gitelman, A Century of
Ambivalence: The Jews of Russia and the Soviet Union, 1881 to the Present (Bloomington:
Indiana University Press, 2001), 10. According to Anne Heller, the Stoiunin Gymnasium
was able to circumvent these restrictions, meaning about a third of Alisa’s classmates
were Jewish. Anne C. Heller, Ayn Rand and the World She Made (New York: Doubleday,
2009), 18.
6. Biographical Interview 11.
7. Ibid.
8. Interview with Nora Drobysheva, Oral History, ARP.
9. Biographical Interview 11.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid. Alisa’s coolly rational rejection of religion also marked other intellectuals
of Jewish origin who later became prominent conservatives or right-wing activists. See
George H. Nash, “Forgotten Godfathers: Premature Jewish Conservatives and the rise of
National Review,” American Jewish History 87, nos. 2–3 (1999): 123–57. Nash notes that his
subjects prided themselves on their individuality and independence, which may account
for their distance from Judaism.
12. Ayn Rand, We the Living (1936; New York: Signet, 1959), 44, 26.
13. Sciabarra, Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical, chapter 3.
14. AR to Isabel Paterson, May 8, 1948, in Letters of Ayn Rand, ed. Michael S. Berliner
(New York: Penguin, 1995), 214. Henceforth cited as Letters.
15. In Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical, Chris Sciabarra argues that Rand should be
considered a thinker in the Russian dialectical tradition, an argument that falls outside
the purview of this work. Sciabarra argues that Rand was infl uenced by the work of
N. O. Lossky, a prominent dialectical philosopher affi liated with Petrograd (Leningrad)
State University, whom she claimed to have studied under. However, evidence connecting
her to Lossky remains fragmentary, inconclusive, and contradictory. Sciabarra’s research
has provided valuable and hitherto unknown details of Rand’s education. His fi ndings
are described in Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical; Sciabarra, “The Rand Transcript,”
Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 1, no. 1 (1999): 1–26; Sciabarra, “The Rand Transcript,
Revisited,” Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 7, no. 1 (2005): 1–17. Sciabarra’s fi ndings suggest
inaccuracies in Rand’s recollection of her time at the university, which accordingly must
be treated with care. My discussion of Rand’s education draws on Sciabarra and Rand,
Biographical Interview 6, January 2, 1961.
16. Barbara Branden, The Passion of Ayn Rand (New York: Random House, 1986), 45.
17. Rand’s movie diary and the two pamphlets have been published in Rand,
Russian Writings on Hollywood, ed. Michael S. Berliner (Irvine, CA: Ayn Rand Institute
Press, 1999).
18. Ibid., 76.
19. Rand, We the Living, 52.
20. Preparations for Alisa’s departure are described in Jeff Britting, Ayn Rand
(New York: Overlook Press, 2004), 29–33, and multiple letters in the Russian Family
Correspondence, ARP.
21. Britting, Ayn Rand, 30, 32; Russian Family Correspondence, ARP.
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