A5V4d

Number
of
studies
Number
of
children
Temperature ≥ 40.0°C
Sensitivity
(95%
confidence
interval)
Specificity
(95%
confidence
interval)
Positive
predictive
value
(95%
confidence
interval)
Clinical assessment of the child with fever
Negative
predictive
value
(95%
confidence
interval)
Positive
likelihood
ratio
(95%
confidence
interval)
For detecting bacterial meningitis, bacteraemia, urinary tract infection, or salmonella enteritis
1
(Bonadio
, 1994)
356 21 (7 to 35)
a
96 (94 to
98) a
35 (14 to
56) a
92 (89 to
95) a
5.3 (2.3 to
12.3) a
For detecting pneumonia, urinary tract infection, bacterial meningitis, or bacteraemia
1
(Rudinsk
y, 2009)
985 29 (22 to
38)
70 (67 to
73)
13 (9 to 16)
a
For detecting pneumonia, urinary tract infection, or bacteraemia
1 (Craig,
2010)
12807 15 (13 to
17) a
Temperature > 40.0°C
For detecting serious bacterial infection
1
(Stanley,
2005)
89 (89 to
90) a
5279 7 (5 to 10) a 99 (99 to
99) a
Temperature ≥ 40.1°C
10 (8 to 11)
a
38 (28 to
48) a
87 (84 to
89) a
93 (93 to
94) a
91 (91 to
92) a
1.0 (0.8 to
1.3)
1.4 (1.2 to
1.6) a
6.1 (4.1 to
9.3) a
For detecting bacteraemia, bacterial meningitis, urinary tract infection, or pneumonia
1 (Alpert,
1990)
152 71 (55 to
87) a
Temperature ≥ 41.1°C
34 (27 to
41) a
14 (9 to 20)
a
88 (81 to
95) a
1.1 (0.8 to
1.4) a
For detecting bacteraemia, bacterial meningitis, urinary tract infection, or pneumonia
1 (Alpert,
1990)
152 45 (28 to
63) a
69 (62 to
75) a
18 (10 to
27) a
89 (84 to
94) a
1.4 (0.9 to
2.2) a
CI confidence interval, NA not applicable, NR/NC not reported/not calculable, OR odds ratio
a Calculated by a member of the technical team at the NCC-WCH based on results reported in the study
b OR 7.4 (95% CI 3.0 to 18.5)
c OR 11.1 (95% CI 5.2 to 24.1)
d OR 7.4 (95% CI 2.8 to 19.5)
e OR 4.7 (95% CI 2.8 to 8.0)
f OR 7.5 (95% CI 5.0 to 11.4)
g OR 3.4 (95% CI 2.4 to 4.9)
h OR 3.6 (95% CI 2.6 to 5.1)
i OR 11.8 (95% CI 5.7 to 24.6)
l Adjusted OR 3.61 (95% CI 1.40 to 9.25)
Negative
likelihood
ratio
(95%
confidence
interval)
0.8 (0.7 to
1.0) a
1.0 (0.9 to
1.1)
1.0 (0.9 to
1.0) a
0.9 (0.9 to
1.0) a
0.9 (0.5 to
1.5) a
0.8 (0.6 to
1.1) a
Quality
Very
low
Low
Low
Very
low
Very
low
Very
low
77