A5V4d

Number
of
studies
Number
of
children
Elevated respiratory rate
For detecting bacteraemia
1 (Craig,
2010)
Sensitivity
(95%
confidence
interval)
12807 11 (3 to 19)
a
Specificity
(95%
confidence
interval)
85 (84 to
86) a
Positive
predictive
value
(95%
confidence
interval)
Clinical assessment of the child with fever
Negative
predictive
value
(95%
confidence
interval)
1 (0 to 1) a 100 (99 to
100) a
Positive
likelihood
ratio
(95%
confidence
interval)
0.7 (0.4 to
1.5) a
a Calculated by a member of the technical team at the NCC-WCH based on results reported in the study
Table 5.13 GRADE profile for evaluation of crackles
Number
of
studies
Number
of
children
Chest crackles
Sensitivity
(95%
confidence
interval)
Specificity
(95%
confidence
interval)
Positive
predictive
value
(95%
confidence
interval)
For detecting pneumonia, urinary tract infection and bacteraemia
1 (Craig,
2010)
12807 19 (17 to
22) a
Abnormal chest sounds
93 (92 to
93) a
17 (15 to
19) a
For detecting pneumonia, urinary tract infection and bacteraemia
1 (Craig,
2010)
Crepitations
12807 29 (27 to
32) a
For detecting serious bacterial illness
1
(Bleeker,
2001)
85 (85 to
86) a
231 2 (0 to 5) a 93 (87 to
100) a
13 (12 to
15) a
50 (15 to
85) a
Negative
predictive
value
(95%
confidence
interval)
Positive
likelihood
ratio
(95%
confidence
interval)
1 (1 to 1) a 2.6 (2.3 to
2.9) a
94 (94 to
94) a
24 (19 to
30) a
2.0 (1.8 to
2.2) a
0.3 (0.1 to
1.3) a
a Calculated by a member of the technical team at the NCC-WCH based on results reported in the study
Table 5.14 GRADE profile for evaluation of respiratory symptoms
Number
of
studies
Number
of
children
Respiratory distress
Sensitivity
(95%
confidence
interval)
For detecting urinary tract infection
1
(Newma
n, 2002)
Specificity
(95%
confidence
interval)
3066 4 (1 to 8) a 92 (90 to
93) a
Positive
predictive
value
(95%
confidence
interval)
Negative
predictive
value
(95%
confidence
interval)
5 (1 to 9) a 90 (88 to
91) a
Positive
likelihood
ratio
(95%
confidence
interval)
0.5 (0.2 to
1.1) a
Negative
likelihood
ratio
(95%
confidence
interval)
1.0 (1.0 to
1.1) a
Negative
likelihood
ratio
(95%
confidence
interval)
0.9 (0.8 to
0.9) a
0.8 (0.8 to
0.9) a
1.0 (1.0 to
1.1) a
Negative
likelihood
ratio
(95%
confidence
interval)
1.0 (1.0 to
1.1) a
Quality
Low
Quality
Low
Low
Very
low
Quality
Moderate
65