ISS 25 (1995).pdf - The International Council of Museums

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Given the fact that museums have an important place in cultural history, but they are also critical places for the politics of history6, should they leave the cultural and political agendas to shape the body of matters they study? Museums are expected to provide education, spectacle, entertainment, relief. In their long history, coping with issues and dilemmas has been an inspiring challenge for them. Amost characteristic example has been their response to the political and intellectual turmoil of late 1960's in France, through the development of the ecomuseum movement, which has opened new paths in museologicalthinking. The present-day situation demands from museum professionals a self-conscious reflection over the very essence of their role, shaping eventually their own specific "identity" and reconsidering their performance as mediators and/or as facilitators. A fresh look at the job would lead to the consideration that risk-taking and confrontation, as well as shifting from monologue to conversation, is probably a "sine qua non" parameter, if ever the accomplishment of the democratic goals of presenting the contemporary social diversity and multiculturalism is to take place. Realizing though the political implications that exhibitions might cause, a careful treatment of key notions like what is good and bad, superior and inferior, differences and similarities, can be of positive consequence, given the influence of museums as valorizing institutions. Equally effective could be a strategy of avoiding any paternalistic manner in approaching subjects i.e with the aim to guide the public towards conclusions which serve political goals. In this same context can be inscribed the striving for consensus and the exclusion of any imposition of identity, as well as the abstention from overditerminated views. 24
This means to be able to find a balance even in the case of contradictory pressures exercised by some who try to establish group identities -through the manipulation of artifacts- and by others who attempt to destabilize them. Apparently these matters imply heavy political issues. The development by museum people of a deep professional devotion to their discipline and a clear sense of responsibility to their communities can facilitate their own understanding of the nature and flexibility of individual and group identities. It is undeniable though that, within museological terms, whatever approach is undertaken -to forge a national identity, or to celebrate diverse identities - some basic principles as encouragement of interaction, mutual respect, good will and intentions combined with careful planning and well-developed strategies can serve as the effective tools which a solid and healthily-rooted professionalism can provide. NOTES 1. "Museums and their Communities; An, Ethnography and Interpretation". Salzburg Seminar, Session 277. August 1989; "Museums and Communities: The Politics of Public Culture", Conference held at the International Center of the Smithsonian Institution. 21-23 March 1990; "Museums and Societies in a Europe of Different Cultures". European Conference of Ethnological and Social History Museums. Paris, 22-24 February 1993; "Museums and Communities", 17th General Conference ofICOM. Stavanger, Norway, 2-7 July 1995. 2. Ivan Karp. Christine Mullen Kreamer and Steven D. Lavine (eds.), Museums and Commum"[jes: The Politics of Public Culwre (Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1992), p. 10. 3. 'The museums and the needs of people". ICOM/CECA Annual Conference. Jerusalem, Israel. 15-22 October 1991. 4. Over the past fifteen years the author has had first·hand, really valuable, experiences of these issues through her extensive involvement in a considerable number of museum -planning projects developed by greek local cultural associations. 25
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Page 11 and 12: heritage as community appropriation
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II ne s'agit plus d'un patrimoine o
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des courants tres divers dans leur
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During the Nineteenth Century sanct
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the community more effectively and
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Paivi-Marjut Raippalinna REGIONAL A
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insitutional ideas of Pierre Bourdi
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ON MUSEUM, COMMUNITIES AND THE RELA
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original environment - as if it was
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Des etudes recentes prevoient que,
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eserves, d'espaces d'exposition tem
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Si les musees du Quebec veulent etr
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These observations reprooving to th
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The Life Itself Provides The Topics
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MUSEUMS AND COMMUNITY FINAL REMARKS
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II MUSEUM AND COMMUNITY MUSEOLOGY A
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La question que I'on peut se poser
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ICOFOM Stavanger 1995 approaches do
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ICOFOM Stavanger 1995 The 'Declarat
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Paule Doucet (1995) «Les nouvelles
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politiques dans des efforts de depa
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constitution de leur action patrimo
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Conclusions Ces quelques dimensions
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ICOFOMIStavanger cours des annees 1
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ICOFOM/ Stavanger core dans une log
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ICOFOM/ Stavanger qualitative) est
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ICOFOMlStavanger Davallon (J.). 199
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) What is a museum? That is a recur
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IV MUSEUMS AND MUSEOLOGY IN NORWAY
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II. Looking at the Nordic museums,
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V,las founctea. ill llSbj. At 1 UfK
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Construction d'une identite nationa
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La culture nationale est fabriquee
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Le La pan - l' etranger de l'interi
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An Industrial Community and its Her
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and the curator has the role as a s
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and what we lost when the air and t
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Fig. :i 209
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ICOFOM LAM REPORT 1990 - 1995 Durin
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AUTHORS Per-Uno AGREN, Umea Univers
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