Carl%20Sagan%20-%20The%20Demon%20Haunted%20World
Carl%20Sagan%20-%20The%20Demon%20Haunted%20World Carl%20Sagan%20-%20The%20Demon%20Haunted%20World
THE DEMON-HAUNTED WORLD was the climate? What did Ramtha eat? (Archaeologists know something about what people ate back then.) What were the indigenous languages and social structure? Who else did Ramtha live with - wife, wives, children, grandchildren? What was the life cycle, the infant mortality rate, the life expectancy? Did they have birth control? What clothes did they wear? How were the clothes manufactured? What were the most dangerous predators? Hunting and fishing implements and strategies? Weapons? Endemic sexism? Xenophobia and ethnocentrism? And if Ramtha came from the 'high civilization' of Atlantis, where are the linguistic, technological, historical and other details? What was their writing like? Tell us. Instead, all we are offered are banal homilies. Here, to take another example, is a set of information channelled not from an ancient dead person, but from unknown non-human entities who make crop circles, as recorded by the journalist Jim Schnabel: We are so anxious at this sinful nation spreading lies about us. We do not come in machines, we do not land on your earth in machines . . . We come like the wind. We are Life Force. Life Force from the ground . . . Come here . . . We are but a breath away ... a breath away ... we are not a million miles away ... a Life Force that is larger than the energies in your body. But we meet at a higher level of life . . . We need no name. We are parallel to your world, alongside your world . . . The walls are broken. Two men will rise from the past . . . the great bear ... the world will be at peace. People pay attention to these puerile marvels mainly because they promise something like old-time religion, but especially life after death, even life eternal. A very different prospect for something like eternal life was once proposed by the versatile British scientist J.B.S. Haldane, who was, among many other things, one of the founders of population genetics. Haldane imagined a far future when the stars have darkened and space is mainly filled with a cold, thin gas. Nevertheless, if we wait long enough statistical fluctuations in the density of this gas will occur. Over immense periods of time the 192
The Fine Art of Baloney Detection fluctuations will be sufficient to reconstitute a Universe something like our own. If the Universe is infinitely old, there will be an infinite number of such reconstitutions, Haldane pointed out. So in an infinitely old universe with an infinite number of appearances of galaxies, stars, planets and life, an identical Earth must reappear on which you and all your loved ones will be reunited. I'll be able to see my parents again and introduce them to the grandchildren they never knew. And all this will happen not once, but an infinite number of times. But in this reflection I have underestimated what infinity means. In Haldane's picture, there will be universes, indeed an infinite number of them, in which our brains will have full recollection of many previous rounds. Satisfaction is at hand - tempered, though, by the thought of all those other universes which will also come into existence (again, not once but an infinite number of times) with tragedies and horrors vastly outstripping anything I've experienced this turn. The Consolation of Haldane depends, though, on what kind of universe we live in, and maybe on such arcana as whether there's enough matter eventually to reverse the expansion of the universe, and the character of vacuum fluctuations. Those with a deep longing for life after death might, it seems, devote themselves to cosmology, quantum gravity, elementary particle physics, and, especially, transfinite arithmetic. Clement of Alexandria, a Father of the early Church, in his Exhortations to the Greeks (written around the year 190) dismissed pagan beliefs in words that might today seem a little ironic: Far indeed are we from allowing grown men to listen to such tales. Even to our own children, when they are crying their heart out, as the saying goes, we are not in the habit of telling fabulous stories to soothe them. In our time we have less severe standards. We tell children about Santa Claus, the Easter Bunny and the Tooth Fairy for reasons we think emotionally sound, but then disabuse them of these myths before they're grown. Why retract? Because their well-being as 193
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THE DEMON-HAUNTED WORLD<br />
was the climate? What did Ramtha eat? (Archaeologists know<br />
something about what people ate back then.) What were the<br />
indigenous languages and social structure? Who else did Ramtha<br />
live with - wife, wives, children, grandchildren? What was the life<br />
cycle, the infant mortality rate, the life expectancy? Did they have<br />
birth control? What clothes did they wear? How were the clothes<br />
manufactured? What were the most dangerous predators? Hunting<br />
and fishing implements and strategies? Weapons? Endemic<br />
sexism? Xenophobia and ethnocentrism? And if Ramtha came<br />
from the 'high civilization' of Atlantis, where are the linguistic,<br />
technological, historical and other details? What was their writing<br />
like? Tell us. Instead, all we are offered are banal homilies.<br />
Here, to take another example, is a set of information channelled<br />
not from an ancient dead person, but from unknown<br />
non-human entities who make crop circles, as recorded by the<br />
journalist Jim Schnabel:<br />
We are so anxious at this sinful nation spreading lies about us.<br />
We do not come in machines, we do not land on your earth in<br />
machines . . . We come like the wind. We are Life Force.<br />
Life Force from the ground . . . Come here . . . We are but a<br />
breath away ... a breath away ... we are not a million<br />
miles away ... a Life Force that is larger than the energies in<br />
your body. But we meet at a higher level of life . . . We need<br />
no name. We are parallel to your world, alongside your<br />
world . . . The walls are broken. Two men will rise from the<br />
past . . . the great bear ... the world will be at peace.<br />
People pay attention to these puerile marvels mainly because they<br />
promise something like old-time religion, but especially life after<br />
death, even life eternal.<br />
A very different prospect for something like eternal life was<br />
once proposed by the versatile British scientist J.B.S. Haldane,<br />
who was, among many other things, one of the founders of<br />
population genetics. Haldane imagined a far future when the stars<br />
have darkened and space is mainly filled with a cold, thin gas.<br />
Nevertheless, if we wait long enough statistical fluctuations in the<br />
density of this gas will occur. Over immense periods of time the<br />
192