View/Open - UZSpace Home

A meaningful evaluation of the different logotherapentic techniques or methods can
only be doneifthese above-mentioned perspectives are constantly kept in mind.
However, certain ofthe logotherapeutic methods are used, for example, in a clinical
setting. Thismeans,at least in my opinion, that the different theoretical clinical psy­
chological models, operating in clinical settings, must be used at timesto evaluate
those logotherapeutic techniques that are used in these particular settings.
.
Kendall and Hammen (1995:31-63), for example, discuss the biomedical models
(psychological disorders and biological conditions), psychodynamics (an intrapsychic
model), humanism (self-focused views), behaviorism (the learning models), cognitive
models (disordered thought processing), and family systems.
"-
In their discussion ofclinical models, Nietzel, Bernstein and Milich(1994:35-79)
referto the psychodynamic model, the behavioral model, the phenomenological one
(including Kelly's personal constructtheory, Rogers's self-actualization theory, Mas­
low and humanistic psychology, FritzPerls and Gestaltpsychology), the interperso­
nal perspective (withreference to Harry Sullivan and Timothy Leary), and they also
referto biological challenges to psychological models (1994:78).
These above-mentioned models makeus aware ofthe complexity in evaluating any
kindoftherapeutic technique. Nietzel,Bernsteinand Milich(1994:78) said that in
the past two decades the insights frombiopsychology, behavioral genetics, and so­
ciobiology haveforced clinical psychologists to take the remarks, coming from these
disciplines, into account, when they assess and treat people.
Nietzel,Bernstein and Milich(1994:78) said that the growing recognition ofbiology­
behavior relationships suggests that the biological perspective may one day also at-
13