View/Open - UZSpace Home

could expand hislher thoughts. This can only happen when creativity and innovation
are taken seriously. Logotherapyhas expanded during the 1980s and 1990s remark­
ably. It is firmly established in different countries in all five continents; North Ame­
rica, South America,Asia, Europe, Africa, and Australasia. Viktor Frankl has recei­
ved 29 doctorates from universities all around the globe. This indicates that his work
had a tremendousinfluence on those who academicallyhad honoured him.
In Tanzaniahis theories and methods are considered relevant and applicable to sol­
ving conflicts between the social order and individual strivings(Klitzke 1981:83-88).
The African(Tanzanian) desire to experience "uhnru" ("freedom") from diseases,
poverty, ignoranceand weaknesses (see DuPreez 1982:20) certainly can be address­
ed via logotherapeutic intervention. Logotherapy addresses meaning and once a per­
son finds meaning,he/she is stronger and more capable to address life's problems.
.
Frankl's concept ofhuman nature as a totality ofthree dimensions, body, psyche, and
spirit (see De Vos 1995:242-255), corresponds to what many Christians believe about
man. They believe that God created human beings as body, soul ("mind") and spirit.
The body is descnbed in terms ofectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, the soul in
terms ofthe will, intellect and emotions, and the spirit consists ofthe conscience,
Holy Spirit and gifts (peterson 1980:46).
Althought there are those who see the soul and spirit as referring to one and the same
thing, the basic idea is that there is a definite distinction made between the body and
the soul. These distinctions make it easy for those moving in Christian circles, to
borrow from logotherapy, whenever they feel it is necessary. Guttmann'(1996:11)
pointed out thatthe Franklian concept ofhuman nature corresponds to an old Japa­
nese idiom. In Japanese culture the unity ofShin, Gi and Thai correspond to the 10-
124