Wollemia nobilis (Wollemi Pine) - Biosecurity New Zealand

e reviewed as soon as additional information becomes available. It is not acceptable to
simply conclude that, because there is significant uncertainty, measures will be selected on
the basis of a precautionary approach. The rationale for selecting measures must be made
apparent.
Each hazard or group of hazards should be dealt with separately using the following
framework:
2.2.4.1 Risk evaluation
• If the risk estimate, determined in the risk assessment, is non-negligible, measures
can be justified.
2.2.4.2 Option evaluation
a) Identify possible options, including measures identified by international standard
setting bodies, where they are available.
b) Evaluate the likelihood of the entry, exposure, establishment or spread of the
hazard according to the option(s) that might be applied.
c) Select an appropriate option or combination of options that will achieve a
likelihood of entry, exposure, establishment or spread that reduces the risk to an
acceptable level. The following guidelines must be taken into account when
selecting option(s):
• ensure that the option(s) are based on scientific principles.
• ensure that measures identified by international standard setting bodies are considered. If
there is a scientific justification that an international measure does not effectively manage the
risks, measures that result in a higher level of protection may be applied. Alternatively less
stringent measures than those recommended in international standards may be applied where
there is sufficient justification that the risks can be effectively managed.
• ensure that the option(s) are applied only to the extent necessary to protect human, plant or
animal life or health, or the environment.
• ensure that negative trade effects are minimised.
• ensure that the option(s) do not result in a disguised restriction on trade.
• ensure that the option(s) are not applied arbitrarily e.g. ISPM 1: Principle of "nondiscrimination"
- If the pest under consideration is established in the risk analysis area but of
limited distribution and under official control, the measures in relation to import should not be
more stringent than those applied within the risk analysis area.
• ensure that the option(s) do not result in discrimination between exporting countries where
similar conditions prevail.
• ensure that the option(s) are feasible by considering the technical, operational and economic
factors affecting their implementation.
The result of the risk management procedure will be either that no measures are identified
which are considered appropriate, or the selection of one or more management options that
have been found to lower the risk associated with the hazard(s) to an acceptable level. These
management options form the basis of regulations or requirements specified with an import
health standard.
Page 16 of 193 14 March 2008 Import Risk Analysis: Wollemia nobilis (Wollemi Pine) Araucariaceae Nursery Stock from Australia