Symposium Program 2013 (PDF) - Centre College

The 2013 Symposium
is sponsored by the
Dean’s Office and all
academic programs.

!
LETTER%OF%WELCOME%
%
!
!
!
April!2013!!
!!
!
Dear!Centre!College!and!Community!Members,!!
!!
Welcome!to!the!sixth!annual!Centre!College!RICE!Symposium!!
!!
The!RICE!(Research,!Internships,!and!Creative!Endeavors)!Symposium!is!a!forum!for!showcasing!
students’!outstanding!academic!endeavors.!This!event!is!part!of!a!larger!effort!on!campus!and!in!the!
College’s!strategic!plan!to!increase!and!emphasize!opportunities!for!engaged!and!experiential!learning.!
An!integral!part!of!“experiential!learning”!is!moving!beyond!the!consumption!of!existing!knowledge!to!
being!an!active!contributor!to!that!world!of!scholarly!knowledge.!The!RICE!Symposium!is!an!opportunity!
for!students!to!share!their!knowledge!in!a!professional,!scholarly!setting.!In!addition,!the!opportunity!to!
present!one’s!work!in!a!venue!such!as!this!as!an!undergraduate!student!provides!important!professional!
preparation!for!graduate!school,!professional!programs!(e.g.,!law,!medicine),!and!career!development.!!
!!
This!year,!142!presentations!from!across!the!academic!disciplines!are!featured!in!the!Symposium.!These!
include!79!oral!presentations,!44!poster!presentations,!18!artistic!exhibitions,!and!1!musical!
performance.!We!invite!attendees!to!come!and!go!to!the!various!oral!and!poster!presentations,!as!well!
as!the!art!exhibitions,!and!see!the!diversity!of!what!Centre!students!have!to!offer.!In!the!interest!of!
courtesy!to!the!presenters,!we!ask!that!you!not!leave!or!enter!the!room!during!a!presentation.!Thank!
you!for!your!consideration!and!enjoy!the!Symposium!!!
!!
Sincerely,!!
!!
!
Dr.!Jason!Neiser!and!Dr.!Benjamin!Knoll!
2013!RICE!Symposium!CoYChairs!!
%
%
% %
!

!
%
%
%
%
%
!
TABLE%OF%CONTENTS%/%SCHEDULE%
%
Page% % % %
! %%%%%%Thursday,%April%11,%2013% !
2! % Oral%Presentations,%Part%1% Young!Hall!
! % !!!!!!2:00!–!3:20!p.m.! %
4! % Oral%Presentations,%Part%2% Young!Hall,!Grant!Hall!
! % %%%%%%3:45!–!5:05!p.m.! %
6! % Poster%Presentations% Norton!Center!for!the!Arts!
! % !!!!!!5:30!–!6:30!p.m.! %
! % % %
! %%%%%%Friday,%April%12,%2013% %
7! % Art%Exhibit% Jones!Visual!Arts!Center,!
! % !!!!!!4:00!–!5:00!p.m.! !!!!!Aegon!Gallery!
! % % %
8! %%%%%%Abstracts,%Oral%Presentations% %
! % % %
21! %%%%%%Abstracts,%Poster%Presentations% %
! % % %
28! %%%%%%Discipline%and%Name%Indices% %
Jason!Neiser!
Benjamin!Knoll!
!
Judith!Jia!
Stephanie!Fabritius!
Sarah!Lashley!
Candace!Wentz!
Kristi!Jenkins!
Lisa!Curlis!
Jami!Powell!
Patrick!Lowe!
2013%RICE%SYMPOSIUM%COMMITTEE%
%
Symposium!CoYchair,!Associate!Professor!of!Physics!
Symposium!CoYchair,!Assistant!Professor!of!Politics!
!
Art!Show!Coordinator,!Charles!T.!Hazelrigg!Assoc.!Prof.!of!Art!
VP!for!Academic!Affairs,!Dean!of!the!College,!Prof.!of!Biology!
!
Director!of!CTL,!Assistant!Professor!of!Environmental!Studies!
Instructional!Technology!Coordinator,!CTL!
Academic!Technology!Specialist,!CTL!
Office!Manager,!CTL!
Evening!Library!Supervisor!
Academic!Systems!Coordinator,!ITS
1!
!

ORAL%PRESENTATIONS,%PART%I%
Thursday,%April%11,%2013%
Please&note&that&each&presenter&has&12&minutes&to&present&followed&by&a&three8minute&question&and&answer&session.&&There&is&
a&five8minute&break&between&talks&to&allow&audience&members&to&move&between&sessions.&&Out&of&courtesy&to&the&presenter&
and&fellow&audience&members,&please&do&not&enter&or&leave&the&room&during&a&presentation.&
&
&
SESSION%I%
YOUNG%101%
Moderator:&Bruce&K.&Johnson&
SESSION%II%
YOUNG%102%
Moderator:&Forrest&Stonedahl&
SESSION%III%
YOUNG%110%
Moderator:&KatieAnn&
Skogsberg&
SESSION%IV%
YOUNG%111%
Moderator:&Matthew&Pierce&
SESSION%V%
YOUNG%112%
Moderator:&Ed&Montgomery&
2:00&p.m.& 1.& Thoroughbred%Stud%Fees,%Kenyon&Cook&and&Will&Troy&
2:20&p.m.& 2.& Trade%Research%Assistant,%World%Trade%Center%Kentucky,%Mary1Taylor&Kersey&
2:40&p.m.& 3.& The%Beauty%Effect%and%House%of%Representatives%Elections,%Barbara&Parks&
3:00&p.m.& 4.& The%Effects%of%Facial%Symmetry%on%the%Salaries%of%Economics%Professors%at%Major%Public%
Research%Institutions,%Anna&Wohner&
&
2:00&p.m.& 5.& Physiological%Responses%and%Political%Identity,%Carolynn&Hallquist,&Ethan&Midkiff,&and&
Sparsha&Thout&
2:20&p.m.& 6.& Misery%and%Unemployment:%Predictors%of%Presidential%Elections%American%Presidential%
Elections%and%the%Decisive%Electoral%Issue,%Elaina&Waters&
2:40&p.m.& 7.& Media%Elections:%Internet%Search%Trends%And%Voting%Patterns,%Travis&Carroll&
3:00&p.m.& 8.& Text%Mining%the%2012%Republican%Primary%Debates,%Matthew&Gidcomb&
&
&
2:00&p.m.& 9.& The%Effect%of%Alcohol%Binge%on%the%Brain's%Reward%Circuit,%Tayllor&Vetter&
2:20&p.m.& 10.& Seeking%for%An%Objective%Marker%for%Dyslexia,%Maddie&Mescher&
2:40&p.m.& 11.& Cognitive%Development%in%NeoUNatal%Pig%and%Mouse%Models,%Albert&Anastasio&
3:00&p.m.& 12.& The%Effect%of%Energy%Drinks%on%Visual%Attention%Task%Performance,%Chelsea&Benham,&
Blaine&Lewis,&and&Katie&Stevenson&
&
2:00&p.m.& 13.& Gender%dynamics%in%rural%Ghana,%Anna&Butler,&Briana&Lathon,&Whitney&Miller,&and&Lidia&
Galindo&
2:20&p.m.& 14.& Talk%Gender%to%Me,%Rachele&DiFebbo&and&Natalie&Pope&
2:40&p.m.& 15.& The%History%of%Women%in%the%STEM%Fields,%Laura&Thudium&
3:00&p.m.& 16.& Necessity%justifies%the%forbidden:%Interpreting%Female%Suicide%Bombing%within%the%
Genderized%Stage%of%Asymmetrical%Warfare,%Natalie&Pope&
&
2:00&p.m.& 17.& The%Effect%of%Violence%on%Sexual%Arousal,%William&Williamson&and&Natalie&Burke&
2:20&p.m.& 18.& The%impact%of%the%Internet%on%the%sexual%health%of%adolescents,%Julia&Springate&
2:40&p.m.& 19.& Computational%Molecular%Dynamics%on%MurA%Enzyme,%Josh&Winner&
3:00&p.m.& 20.& Explorations%into%Developing%an%iOS%Application%on%Event%Logging,%Everett&Boyer&
& &
& 2& &

&
SESSION%VI%
YOUNG%138%
Moderator:&Jennifer&Goetz&
SESSION%VII%
YOUNG%201%
Moderator:&Brian&L.&Storz&
SESSION%VIII%
YOUNG%213%
Moderator:&Eva&Maria&
Cadavid&
SESSION%IX%
YOUNG%244%
Moderator:&Allison&Connolly&
SESSION%X%
YOUNG%246%
Moderator:&Phyllis&Bellver&
&
&
&
2:00&p.m.& 21.& Suicide%as%the%Ultimate%SelfUSacrifice?%Perspectives%of%Ancient%and%Modern%Maya,%
Camille&Baylis&
2:20&p.m.& 22.& Public%Healthcare:%Internship%Experiences%in%the%States%and%Abroad,%Lisa&Alley&
2:40&p.m.& 23.& Observations%on%Sustainable%Global%Health%Practices%in%Southern%Honduras,%Sarah&Bugg&
3:00&p.m.& 24.& Diversity%at%Centre:%How%can%we%improve?,%Megan&Radenhausen&
&
2:00&p.m.& 25.& The%Threat%Response%of%Sabellidae,%Millie&Horn&and&Cristin&Palmer&
2:20&p.m.& 26.& Detecting%Unique%Proteins%in%Rheumatoid%Arthritis%Patients%with%Interstitial%Lung%
Disease,%Alex&Hurley&
2:40&p.m.& 27.& Spadefoot%Tadpole%Shape%Plasticity,%Camille&Gordon&
3:00&p.m.& 28.& Conspecific%Phenotypic%Plasticity%in%Response%to%Elements%of%Predation%and%Death,%Sara&
Beth&Freytag& &
&
2:00&p.m.& 29.& Plato's%Account%of%the%Soul%and%Its%Relation%to%the%Forms,%Annie&Corbitt&
2:20&p.m.& 30.& Reconciling%Plato's%Dual%Epistemological%Frameworks,%Cyrus&Xi&
2:40&p.m.& 31.& Cartesian%Elements%in%E.%T.%A.%Hoffman’s%“The%Sandman”:%A%Romantic%Response%to%
Descartes,%Kevin&Sar&
3:00&p.m.& 32.& The%Personality%and%Power%of%Napoleon%Bonaparte,%Chelsea&Neal&and&Nolan&Weddle&
&
2:00&p.m.& 33.& A%Comparison%of%Political%Communication%in%the%United%States%and%France,%Kelley&Lynch&
2:20&p.m.& 34.& La%Loi%et%Le%Peuple:%%%A%Comparison%of%the%French%and%American%Legal%Systems,%Katie&
Smalley&
2:40&p.m.& 35.& Immigration%Reform%in%France%and%the%United%States:%Redefining%Exclusivity,%Meredith&
Daugherty&
3:00&p.m.& 36.& Absence%of%Blackness?,%Cassandre&Joseph&and&Sarah&Cesar&
&
2:00&p.m.& 37.& The%Effects%of%Contemporary%Mexican%Spanish%and%English%on%the%Traditional%Spanish%
Dialect%of%New%Mexico%and%Southern%Colorado,%Eric&Beyerle&
2:20&p.m.& 38.& The%Mayan%Language%and%the%Influence%of%Yucatán%Spanish/%El%Idioma%Maya%y%la%
Influencia%del%Español%de%la%Yucatán,%Alexandra&Birmingham&
2:40&p.m.& 39.& The%Spanish%of%Jalisco,%Mexico,%Cody&Mitchell&
3:00&p.m.& 40.& The%phonologies%of%Spanish%and%Albanian%/%Las%fonologías%de%español%y%albanés,%Klea&
Xoxi&
& 3&

ORAL%PRESENTATIONS,%PART%II%
Thursday,%April%11,%2013%
Please&note&that&each&presenter&has&12&minutes&to&present&followed&by&a&three8minute&question&and&answer&session.&&There&is&
a&five8minute&break&between&talks&to&allow&audience&members&to&move&between&sessions.&&Out&of&courtesy&to&the&presenter&
and&fellow&audience&members,&please&do&not&enter&or&leave&the&room&during&a&presentation.&
&
&
SESSION%XI%
YOUNG%101%
Moderator:&Beau&Weston&
SESSION%XII%
YOUNG%102%
Moderator:&Lori&Hartmann8
Mahmud&
SESSION%XIII%
YOUNG%110%
Moderator:&Brian&Cusato&
SESSION%XIV%
YOUNG%111%
Moderator:&Stacey&Peebles&
SESSION%XV%
YOUNG%112%
Moderator:&Joel&Kilty&
3:45&p.m.& 41.& Let%Me%Play!%Differences%in%undergraduates's%concussion%and%return%to%play%knowledge,%
Elizabeth*LeBlond,*Jennifer*Connor,*and*Gordon*Duren*
4:05&p.m.& 42.& Winning%the%Race:%A%study%of%the%Atlanta%Braves’%rosters%and%shift%in%racial%composition%
of%the%leauge,%Jenna*Mire*
4:25&p.m.& 43.& Determinants%of%Attendance%in%Major%League%Baseball,%Beau*Sauley*
4:45&p.m.& 44.& A%New%Basketball%Shooting%Efficiency%Metric,%Sophie*Han*
& &
3:45&p.m.& 45.& The%Symbolism%of%a%Passport:%Examining%the%Single%European%Citizenship%as%a%Unifying%
Force,%Benjamin*Tudor*
4:05&p.m.& 46.& Australia:%How%the%Land%Down%Under%Became%Something%More,%Gray*Whitsett*
4:25&p.m.& 47.& Democracy:%Terrorism’s%best%tool,%Briana*Lathon*
4:45&p.m.& 48.& Secessionist%Movements%in%South%Sudan%and%Taiwan:%A%Structural%Comparison,%Yiqiao*Li*
&
3:45&p.m.& 49.& Proximate%Mechanisms%Underlying%the%Nest%Bond%in%Ring%Neck%Dove,%Ashley*Boerrigter*
and*Nathan*Horrell*
4:05&p.m.& 50.& Male%Japanese%Quail%Vocalizations%Have%Reinforcing%Value%for%Male%and%Female%Quail,%
Josh*Rieskamp*and*Katie*Strey*
4:25&p.m.& 51.& A%Study%of%SelfYRecognition%in%Vervet%Monkeys,%Sparsha*Thout,*Ashton*Spangler,*and*
Erica*Moore*
4:45&p.m.& 52.& Voire%Dire%and%Social%Desirability:%Does%"Prehabilitation"%Reveal%or%Conceal%Juror%Bias?,%
Cadey*Phipps*and*Hillary*Henize*
*
3:45&p.m.& 53.& The%Determinants%of%Male%and%Female%College%Enrollment%Rates,%Andrew*Tuller*
4:05&p.m.& 54.& How%to%Turn%3.8%Million%Dollars%into%53%Million%Dollars:%Centre’s%Story%of%the%2012%Vice%
Presidential%Debate,%Christian*Harris,*Ansley*Bredar,*Luke*Maupin,*and*Dennis*Barrett*
4:25&p.m.& 55.& Transforming%the%Classroom%from%a%Marketing%Perspective,%Agnes*Gakpo*
4:45&p.m.& 56.& The%Future%of%Education%Reform:%Examining%Trends%in%MixedYGovernment%Teacher%
Tenure%Policy,%Daniel*Miller*
*
3:45&p.m.& 57.& Development%of%a%New%Vancomycin%Dosing%Chart,%Ian*Powell*
4:05&p.m.& 58.& Probing%Circular%GratingYWaveguide%Resonators%with%Cylindrical%Vector%Beams,%Samuel*
Lane*
4:25&p.m.& 59.& Synthesis%of%Photochromically%Activated%SelfYHealing%Copolymers,%Andrew*Jeffries*
4:45&p.m.& 60.& The%Solution%to%Laplace's%Equation%on%the%Perturbed%Upper%Half%Plane,%Molly*Howell&
& 4&

SESSION%XVI%
YOUNG%138%
Moderator:&Jay&Bloom&
SESSION%XVII%
YOUNG%201%
Moderator:&Peggy&Richey&
SESSION%XVIII%
YOUNG%213%
Moderator:&Andrea&Abrams&
SESSION%XIX%
YOUNG%244%
Moderator:&Patrice&Mothion&
SESSION%XX%
YOUNG%246%
Moderator:&Cindy&Isenhour&
SESSION%XXI%
GRANT%HALL%114%
Moderator:&Daniel&Worley&
3:45&p.m.& 61.& The%Labor%Reality%in%Colombia,%Bethany*Carson*
4:05&p.m.& 62.& The%Cost%of%War:%Cultural%Protection%in%Times%of%Extreme%Upheaval,%Hannah*EnsignN
George*
4:25&p.m.& 63.& The%Office%of%Strategic%Services:%America's%Experiment%With%Spying,%Brenden*Sullivan*
4:45&p.m.& 64.& Impressment%in%the%Royal%Navy%in%the%Early%19th%Century,%Ian*Hazel*
&
3:45&p.m.& 65.& Plasticity%and%Phenotype%Analysis%of%Rat%Embryonic%Cortical%TH%Expressing%Interneurons%
in%vitro,%Ginny*Bickner*
4:05&p.m.& 66.& Identification%and%Characterization%of%Novel%PSMB10%Splicing%Variants%in%Colon%Cancer,%
Yijia*Li*
4:25&p.m.& 67.& The%Use%of%Induced%Pluripotent%Stem%Cells%for%Cell%Therapy%of%Neurological%Disorders,%
Hannah*Lifsey*
4:45&p.m.& 68.& Dendritic%Cell%Vaccine%Therapy%for%Cancer,%Catherine*Mannon*
&
3:45&p.m.& 69.& Colorism%and%Class%in%America,%Arielle*Donelan*
4:05&p.m.& 70.& Tales%of%the%Heart:%Folktales%of%Avedo,%Rachel*StiversNBender*
4:25&p.m.& 71.& The%Baptist%Separation,%James*Crumpler*
4:45&p.m.& 72.& The%Eve%of%Creation:%A%PsychosocialYDevelopmental%Analysis%of%Genesis,%Casey*Faist&
*
3:45&p.m.& 73.& France’s%Beef%with%Muslim%Immigrants:%a%Threat%to%French%Identity,%Natalie*Burke*
4:05&p.m.& 74.& Modern%French%Foreign%Policy:%Intervention%in%Mali,%Josh*Hardesty*
4:25&p.m.& 75.& Gendered%Language%in%French%Philosophy,%Kelly*Knight*
4:45&p.m.& 76.& Fairy%Tales%and%Society,%Barbara*Parks*
&
3:45&p.m.& 77.& Water:%Conflict%of%the%Future,%Ryan*Eldridge*
4:05&p.m.& 78.& Beneath%the%Melting%Ice:%The%Race%for%Governance%and%Natural%Resources%in%a%
Transforming%Arctic,%Garrett*Powers*
4:25&p.m.& 79.& The%Cost%of%PowerY%How%phantom%load%effects%power%consumption,%Jeffrey*Walters*
*
*
*
4:45&p.m.& 80.& Duet%for%One%and%Fantasy%in%Blue:%Music%ompositions%from%the%past%year,%Morgan*Dixon,*
Sarah*Palmer,*and*Joe*Nash*
&
& 5&

!
!
!
81.! Basque'Culture'and'the'Mondragón'Corporation,'
Chelsea'Neal'
82.! Characterization'of'a'Novel'TIMP

!
114.!Economic'and'Cultural'Impacts'of'Nationalist'
Terrorism'in'the'Basque'Country'of'Spain,'Drew'
Redmond'
115.!Synthesizing'Synesthesia,'Sara'Loy'and'Eric'Theodore'
116.!Body'Satisfaction,'Rachel'Brannen'and'Lillian'Semedo'
117.!Security'in'Managua,'Nicaragua,'Henok'Tensae'
118.!Comparing'Primary'Education'in'Costa'Rica'and'the'
United'States:'An'Internship'Abroad,'Sarah'Lulich'
119.!The'Effects'of'Traditions'on'the'Social'Structure'and'
National'Pride'of'Guadalajara,'Mexico,'Cody'Mitchell'
'
!
!
125.' Hillary'Botts'
126.' Raelynn'Brown'
127.' Seth'Colgan'
128.' Rachel'Ison'
129.' Jennifer'Kim'
130.' Michael'Kim'
131.' Amber'Martin'
132.' Emily'Miller'
133.' Crystal'Montes'
'
'
'
ART'EXHIBIT'
Friday,'April'12,'2013'
4:00

!
8!
ABSTRACTS:(ORAL(PRESENTATIONS(
(
1.! Thoroughbred(Stud(Fees,(Kenyon&Cook&and&Will&Troy!
Mentor:!Bruce!K.!Johnson,!Economics!
This!presentation!attempts!to!establish!the!main!determinants!
of!thoroughbred!stud!fees.!It!is!based!on!a!paper!I!completed!in!
Senior!Seminar!entitled!"Thoroughbred!Stud!Fees".!The!paper!
makes!use!of!a!hedonic!pricing!model!that!can!be!used!to!
estimate!the!marginal!effects!of!many!variables.!The!variables!
represent!quantifiable!data!on!the!stallion!that!include!their!
sales!record,!progeny!race!record,!conception!productivity,!and!
location.!Nearly!every!variable!in!my!model!that!was!believed!
to!be!important!based!on!literary!research!and!economic!
theory!was!significant.!Because!of!the!results!found!in!this!
study!it!is!believed!that!a!stallion!is!ultimately!judged!by!the!
productivity!of!their!progeny.!
!
2.! Trade(Research(Assistant,(World(Trade(Center(Kentucky,(
Mary1Taylor&Kersey!
Mentor:!Marie!Petkus,!Economics!
Since!January!2013,!I!have!participated!in!an!internship!with!the!
World!Trade!Center!Kentucky!(WTCQKY).!!The!WTCQKY!is!the!
leading!source!of!international!trade!services!for!the!Kentucky!
business!community.!!During!my!internship,!I!have!researched!
and!informed!state!businesses!of!the!WTCQKY!events,!programs,!
and!services!in!order!to!assist!them!with!enhancing!their!
consumer!and!supplier!markets.!!A!special!focus!of!my!
internship!and!contact!with!the!business!community!is!the!
upcoming!WTCQKY!and!Kentucky!Cabinet!of!Economic!
Development’s!Trade!Mission,!to!be!held!in!Canada!this!June.!!I!
also!have!assisted!with!the!organization!and!marketing!of!the!
WTCQKY's!social!media!sites.!
!
3.! The(Beauty(Effect(and(House(of(Representatives(Elections,(
Barbara&Parks!
Mentor:!Bruce!K.!Johnson,!Economics!
Recently,!an!increasing!number!of!studies!have!looked!at!
factors!influencing!Congressional!elections.!There!has!also!been!
growing!interest!in!the!effect!of!physical!attractiveness!on!
personal!success.!Successful!political!candidates!are!often!
thought!of!as!charismatic!and!attractive;!however,!no!empirical!
study!had!yet!sought!to!determine!the!effects!of!physical!
attractiveness!on!the!outcomes!of!Congressional!elections.!The!
econometric!model!that!I!created!predicts!the!2010!United!
States!House!of!Representatives!election!outcomes!using!
campaign!spending!information,!various!candidate!
characteristics,!and!voting!district!characteristics!as!explanatory!
variables.!A!measure!of!facial!symmetry!served!as!a!candidate’s!
“beauty!score.”!Data!were!collected!from!several!online!
sources!including!ProjectVoteSmart,!the!Federal!Election!
Commission!website,!and!Symmeter.org.!My!results!are!
consistent!with!previous!literature!and!theory!and!the!
coefficient!on!the!beauty!variable!is!positive!and!significant,!
suggesting!that!physical!attractiveness!does!indeed!contribute!
to!a!candidate’s!likelihood!of!being!elected.!
!
4.! The(Effects(of(Facial(Symmetry(on(the(Salaries(of(Economics(
Professors(at(Major(Public(Research(Institutions,(Anna&Wohner!
Mentor:!Bruce!K.!Johnson,!Economics!
This!paper!examines!the!effect!of!beauty!on!the!salaries!of!
Economics!professors!at!major!public!research!institutions.!In!
this!project,!beauty!is!defined!as!the!individual’s!facial!
symmetry!score,!as!measured!by!the!Symmeter!program.!This!
crossQsectional!study!consists!of!a!sample!of!300!professors!
from!18!institutions.!Examination!of!each!professor’s!
curriculum!vitae!provided!additional!independent!variables.!!
The!results!show!that!facial!symmetry!scores!and!salary!share!a!
positive!relationship!where,!ceteris!paribus,!a!one!unit!increase!
in!the!facial!symmetry!score!results!in!an!increase!in!a!
professor’s!salary!of!approximately!1.22%.!Although!the!effect!
of!beauty!on!success!in!the!job!market!has!been!focused!on!
more!recently,!the!effect!on!economists’!salaries!has!not!been!
previously!examined.!The!prospects!for!expansion!of!this!
project!include!increasing!the!size!of!the!current!sample!and!
applying!this!project!to!various!career!fields.!
!
5.! Physiological(Responses(and(Political(Identity,(Carolynn&
Hallquist,&Ethan&Midkiff,&and&Sparsha&Thout!
Mentor:!Brian!Cusato,!Psychology!
Research!in!political!identity!has!suggested!that!American!
voters!do!not!always!stay!true!to!their!party!affiliation!at!the!
polls.!!For!example,!results!from!the!American!National!Election!
Study!(2008)!suggested!that!weak!partisans!were!actually!less!
likely!to!vote!for!their!party’s!candidate!than!Independents!who!
leaned!toward!a!particular!political!party.!!The!present!study!
further!explored!this!counterQintuitive!finding!by!investigating!
whether!there!is!a!discrepancy!between!an!individual’s!explicit!
and!implicit!political!beliefs.!!Participant’s!skin!conductance!and!
heart!rate!were!recorded!while!they!viewed!a!slideshow!of!
politically!charged!images!and!video!footage.!!Although!data!
analysis!is!still!ongoing,!preliminary!results!suggest!that!
participant’s!self!report!of!their!political!ideology!and!
physiological!responses!to!partisan!images!were!not!
inconsistent.!Findings!from!the!present!study!will!lead!to!a!
better!understanding!of!voting!behavior!and!political!identity.!
!
6.! Misery(and(Unemployment:(Predictors(of(Presidential(
Elections(American(Presidential(Elections(and(the(Decisive(
Electoral(Issue,(Elaina&Waters!
Mentor:!Benjamin!Knoll,!Politics!
In!this!research!project,!I!will!argue!that!the!state!of!the!
national!economy!is!a!key!issue!voters!consider!when!choosing!
which!candidate!they!will!elect!as!president.!!!To!explore!this!
issue,!I!examined!all!presidential!election!results!from!1952!to!
present,!various!data!to!measure!economic!conditions,!as!well!
as!control!variables!that!may!also!be!used!to!predict!the!results!
of!an!election.!I!used!statistical!correlations!to!determine!the!
strength!of!the!relationship!between!these!variables!to!the!reQ
election!of!an!incumbent!president!or!a!member!of!the!
incumbent’s!party.!After!completing!all!of!these!tests,!I!was!
able!to!conclude!that!the!economy!does!prove!to!be!the!

!
9!
strongest!indicator!(of!the!variables!I!tested)!in!predicting!
presidential!elections.!This!information!has!various!implications!
on!the!incumbent!president,!presidential!candidates,!
campaigns,!and!even!political!analysts.!
!
7.! Media(Elections:(Internet(Search(Trends(And(Voting(Patterns,(
Travis&Carroll!
Mentor:!Benjamin!Knoll,!Politics!
Media!has!increasingly!become!prevalent!in!government!
activity.!Every!action!of!the!government!is!reported!and!
examined!on!cable!news!networks.!To!what!extent!do!these!
new!sources!help!polarized!the!American!public?!The!
correlation!between!search!prevalence!and!voting!behavior!for!
multiple!states!was!observed!using!Google!Trends.!!Both!Fox!
News!and!MSNBC,!the!leading!conservative!and!liberal!news!
sites!respectively.!were!the!subjects!utilized!in!the!study.!Over!
the!past!three!presidential!elections,!an!increase!in!liberal!
search!terms!for!a!state!corresponded!to!a!more!Democratic!
voting!behavior.!The!same!was!true!regarding!conservative!
searches!and!Republican!voting.!The!results!were!85%!accurate!
over!the!selected!elections.!Based!on!the!data,!biased!news!
sources!can!polarize!the!public.!
!
8.! Text(Mining(the(2012(Republican(Primary(Debates,(Matthew&
Gidcomb!
Mentor:!Forrest!Stonedahl,!Computer!Science!
Text!mining!and!natural!language!processing!have!become!
common!tools!for!exploring!a!variety!of!materials.!!We!applied!
several!techniques!from!these!fields!to!the!transcripts!of!the!
2011Q2012!Republican!primary!debates,!to!provide!a!broad!
analytical!overview!of!the!contest!and!to!examine!whether!
these!meetings!could!help!to!explain!this!unusual!primary!
election!cycle.!!In!this!analysis,!we!examined!the!candidates'!
word!usage,!applied!automated!document!clustering!
techniques!to!sort!statements!into!categories!by!topic,!and!
used!a!simple!sentiment!analysis!model!to!classify!candidate!
statements!on!a!positiveQnegative!scale.!!By!identifying!
instances!in!which!the!candidates!addressed!each!other,!we!
were!able!to!correlate!absolute!mentions!per!debate!with!poll!
standing!leading!up!to!and!after!the!debates.!
!
9.! The(Effect(of(Alcohol(Binge(on(the(Brain's(Reward(Circuit,(
Tayllor&Vetter!
Mentor:!Melissa!BurnsQCusato,!Behavioral!Neuroscience!
Approximately!8.5%!of!the!United!States’!population!is!
diagnosed!with!Alcohol!Use!Disorder!(AUD),!which!causes!both!
behavioral!and!cognitive!impairments.!Furthermore,!60%!of!
those!with!AUD!partake!in!binge!drinking!regularly,!leading!to!
detrimental!effects!on!the!structure!and!functionality!of!
important!areas!in!the!central!nervous!system,!especially!the!
corticolimbic!system.!Damage!to!this!area!not!only!impairs!
memory!function,!but!it!also!may!negatively!affect!response!to!
reward.!In!order!to!test!whether!AUD!diminishes!reinforcing!
effects!of!pleasurable!events,!the!current!study!examined!
successive!negative!contrast!(SNC)!performance!in!a!rat!model!
of!binge!alcoholism.!SNC!is!defined!as!the!downshift!in!
incentive!quality!or!quantity!that!leads!to!frustration!and!
reduction!in!original!response!(Norris,!Daniel!&!Papini,!2008).!!
Response!to!a!downshift!from!a!32%!sucrose!solution!to!a!4%!
solution!was!measured.!Final!behavioral!and!neurobiological!
results!are!discussed.!
!
10.! Seeking(for(An(Objective(Marker(for(Dyslexia,(Maddie&Mescher!
Mentor:!KatieAnn!Skogsberg,!Behavioral!Neuroscience!
In!the!current!practice!of!diagnosing!dyslexia,!there!is!a!lack!of!
objective!criteria!which!doctors!can!use.!In!this!study!we!aimed!
to!find!neural!biomarkers!for!dyslexia!using!functional!magnetic!
resonance!imaging!(fMRI),!which!then!can!be!used!in!the!
diagnosis!and!treatment!of!dyslexia.!In!this!study,!two!children!
with!dyslexia!and!two!typical!readers!were!given!a!lexical!
decision!task!while!being!scanned!under!an!fMRI!machine.!
Their!scans!were!then!analyzed!and!compared.!The!resulting!
data!showed!that!there!are!significant!differences!in!the!
activation!of!the!children!with!dyslexia!and!the!typical!readers.!
This!could!potentially!point!to!possible!biomarkers!of!dyslexia.!
!
11.! Cognitive(Development(in(NeoTNatal(Pig(and(Mouse(Models,(
Albert&Anastasio!
Mentor:!Joe!Workman,!Chemistry!
At!the!University!of!Illinois!Department!of!Nutritional!Sciences,!
I!assisted!in!a!study!of!ageQrelated!inflammation!due!to!
activation!of!microglial!cells!in!mice.!!Inflammation!in!the!brain,!
which!increases!with!age,!leads!to!cognitive!decline.!!The!
purpose!of!the!study!was!to!evaluate!the!effects!of!certain!
nutritional!phytochemicals!on!slowing!cognitive!decline.!!We!
worked!with!sulforaphane,!an!isothiocynate!that!has!been!
linked!to!prevention!of!ageQrelated!dementia!in!an!attempt!to!
further!understand!the!processes!behind!the!preventative!
effects!of!certain!bioactives.!!I!also!assisted!with!a!project!
funded!by!a!corporation!that!produces!infant!formula.!!The!goal!
of!the!project!was!to!determine!if!certain!components!of!their!
proprietary!formula!could!lead!to!improved!cognitive!
development.!!NeoQnatal!piglets!were!used!as!test!subjects!
because!the!development!of!spatial!cognition!in!piglets!can!be!
extrapolated!to!more!general!cognitive!development!of!human!
infants.!
!
12.! The(Effect(of(Energy(Drinks(on(Visual(Attention(Task(
Performance,(Chelsea&Benham,&Blaine&Lewis,&and&Katie&
Stevenson!
Mentor:!KatieAnn!Skogsberg,!Behavioral!Neuroscience!
Energy!drinks!are!often!advertised!as!a!way!to!increase!energy!
and!alertness!when!experiencing!fatigue.!Previous!research!
conducted!on!caffeine!showed!a!change!in!brainwave!activity!
suggesting!increased!arousal!levels!during!a!visual!attention!
task!(Ruijter!et.!al,!2000).!Despite!extensive!research!conducted!
using!caffeine,!few!studies!have!investigated!the!effects!of!
energy!drinks.!The!present!study!will!compare!three!groups!
during!a!visual!attention!task:!a!placebo,!caffeine!only,!and!
energy!drink!group!(same!amount!of!caffeine!plus!an!“energy!
blend”).!Results!indicate!a!difference!between!the!placebo!
conditions!and!those!in!the!caffeine!and!energy!drink!
conditions!for!brain!activity!associated!with!recognition!of!a!
stimulus.!Results!did!not!show!a!difference!between!the!energy!
drink!and!caffeine!only!groups!for!reaction!time!or!brain!
activity.!Results!demonstrate!that!energy!drinks!are!effective!at!
increasing!attention,!but!this!is!most!likely!due!to!the!caffeine!
content.!

!
10!
13.! Gender(dynamics(in(rural(Ghana,(Anna&Butler,&Briana&Lathon,&
Whitney&Miller,&and&Lidia&Galindo!
Mentor:!Andrea!Abrams,!Anthropology!
As!far!as!mankind!can!trace!back,!women!have!assumed!
inferior!roles!in!society!based!off!of!their!gender!alone.!While!
this!is!a!global!controversy,!women!in!countries!that!lack!
education!and!resources!carry!the!bigger!burden.!This!
anthropological!research!focuses!on!the!role!and!limitations!of!
women!in!rural!Ghana.!Our!findings!are!based!off!of!interviews!
and!participant!observations!conducted!during!a!three!week!
stay!in!a!small!village!called!BakpaQAvedo.!We!will!share!three!
women's!personal!stories.!Their!stories!are!diverse!and!
important!for!understanding!how!a!male!dominated!society!
shapes!a!woman's!role.!We!will!then!discuss!the!institution!of!
marriage!and!the!distinct!gender!dynamics!within!both!
monogamous!and!polygamous!relationships.!After!sharing!our!
findings,!we!will!focus!on!women's!liberation!through!
education.!We!found!that!as!women!become!more!educated!
they!gain!access!to!the!resources!needed!for!independence.!
!
14.! Talk(Gender(to(Me,(Rachele&DiFebbo&and&Natalie&Pope!
Mentor:!Matthew!Pierce,!Religion!
As!products!of!a!postQ911!world!and!idealistic!Centre!
education,!we!set!off!to!find!the!voice!of!Muslim!women!in!the!
Southeast!and!Midwest.!As!religion!majors!interested!in!the!
Middle!East,!these!women!had!a!story!to!share!in!which!we!felt!
deeply!invested.!Part!feminist!ethnography!and!part!selfQ
exploration,!Talk!Gender!to!Me!explores!the!relationship!
between!interviewer!and!interviewee!as!together!they!
negotiate!an!attempt!to!give!voice!to!Muslim!women,!but!also!
in!the!process!discover!the!voice!of!the!interviewers!as!it!plays!
into!this!narrative.!We!invite!you!to!experience!and!engage!the!
dialogue!in!this!documentary.!As!the!interviewers!and!
interviewees!explore!their!own!voice,!we!invite!the!viewer!of!
the!documentary!to!bring!their!own!voice!into!the!
conversation.!
!
15.! The(History(of(Women(in(the(STEM(Fields,(Laura&Thudium!
Mentor:!Sara!Egge,!History!
While!the!STEM!fields!are!some!of!the!fastest!growing!and!
highest!paid!career!opportunities!in!today’s!world,!women!have!
historically!endured!many!obstacles!in!entering!and!succeeding!
in!these!occupations.!!My!research!focuses!on!four!main!
periods!of!American!history!which!represent!a!turning!point!for!
women!in!STEM.!!In!analyzing!each!era,!I!define!progress!not!
only!as!the!number!of!women!participating;!but!also!the!types!
of!jobs!available,!financial!compensation,!and!racial!and!ethnic!
variety!of!women!in!STEM.!!I!found!that!women’s!progress!in!
STEM!has!not!been!a!simple!upward!linear!progression;!
however,!women!throughout!history!have!slowly!improved!
their!position!by!finding!power!within!the!existing!system!and!
uniquely!contributing!in!their!field.!!By!gaining!a!better!
historical!understanding!of!the!obstacles!women!have!faced,!
we!can!better!understand!how!to!help!more!young!girls!and!
women!prepare!for!successful!careers!in!STEM.!
!
16.! Necessity(justifies(the(forbidden:(Interpreting(Female(Suicide(
Bombing(within(the(Genderized(Stage(of(Asymmetrical(
Warfare,(Natalie&Pope!
Mentor:!Matthew!Pierce,!Religion!
While!suicide!bombing!is!denounced!by!many!Islamic!
intellectuals!and!leaders,!international!shaykh!Yusuf!alQQardawi!
asserts!that,!in!the!Palestinian!resistance!movement,!suicide!
bombing!by!both!men!and!women!is!not!only!permissible!but!
also!laudable.!Qaradawi’s!view!of!female!participation!in!
martyrdom!operations!challenges!the!predominant!narratives!
of!female!suicide!bombers,!which!present!woman!as!either!
emotionally!motivated!victims!or!emancipated!Amazonians.!
These!opposing,!binary!narratives!depoliticize!these!women’s!
action!by!relegating!them!into!a!gender!realm.!By!expanding!
the!bounds!of!a!woman’s!Islamic!duty!in!the!defensive!jihad,!
Qaradawi!crafts!a!middleQway!understanding!of!these!women!
and!their!actions!–!a!more!nuanced!and!comprehensive!
understanding!that!sees!female!suicide!bombers!as!
simultaneously!both!gendered!and!political!actors.!Facing!a!
situation!where!‘necessity!justifies!the!forbidden,’!Qaradawi!
redefines!female!suicide!bombers’!political!agency!as!it!is!
enacted!on!an!international!stage!of!asymmetrical!warfare.!
!
17.! The(Effect(of(Violence(on(Sexual(Arousal,(William&Williamson&
and&Natalie&Burke!
Mentor:!Mykol!C.!Hamilton,!Psychology!
Despite!the!fact!that!sexual!violence!is!a!prevalent!problem!in!
our!society,!little!research!has!been!conducted!on!the!
relationship!between!violence!and!sexual!arousal.!Because!of!
psychology’s!focus!on!the!recovery!of!the!victim!of!sexual!
abuse!rather!than!the!prevention!of!the!abuse!itself,!we!know!
little!about!the!relationship!between!violent!stimuli!and!sexual!
arousal!and!its!implications!on!how!sex!offenders!are!created.!
In!our!experiment!we!exposed!Centre!College!students!to!a!
variety!of!stimuli!that!was!in!nature!sexual,!violent,!neither,!and!
both!and!afterwards!measured!their!perceived!level!of!sexual!
arousal.!During!our!study!participants!listened!to!different!
stories!with!the!following!types!of!content;!nonQviolent!sexual,!
nonQconsensual!violent!sexual,!consensual!violent!sexual,!nonQ
sexual!violent,!and!neutral.!Participants!then!filled!out!
questionnaires!which!measured!sexual!arousal.!The!data!
obtained!was!analyzed!to!determine!the!relationship!between!
violence!and!sexual!arousal.!
!
18.! The(impact(of(the(Internet(on(the(sexual(health(of(
adolescents,(Julia&Springate!
Mentor:!Ed!Montgomery,!Chemistry!
The!object!of!this!presentation!is!to!summarize!the!impact!of!
the!Internet!on!the!sexual!health!of!adolescents.!This!article!
discussed!in!this!presentation!examines!the!use!of!websites,!
blogs!and!chatrooms!as!sources!for!sexual!health!information!
for!adolescents.!The!influence!of!Internet!pornography!on!
sexual!behaviors!and!attitudes!is!addressed.!The!use!of!the!
Internet!as!a!place!to!find!sexual!partners!is!also!assessed.!
During!a!time!of!great!physical,!emotional!and!sexual!change,!
the!Internet!is!playing!a!huge!role!in!the!decisions!adolescents!
are!making,!both!positive!and!negative.!
!

!
11!
19.! Computational(Molecular(Dynamics(on(MurA(Enzyme,(Josh&
Winner!
Mentor:!Jennifer!Muzyka,!Chemistry!
I!have!used!molecular!dynamics!to!simulate!interactions!
between!the!bacterial!enzyme!MurA!and!possible!inhibitors.!I!
use!Dock!and!the!AMBER!program!suite!to!build!and!run!
simulations.!Simulations!are!computationally!expensive!and!
usually!total!100!ps!of!simulation!time.!The!potential!energy!
values!of!the!different!structures!help!us!to!understand!
interactions!between!the!potential!drug!and!the!protein.!This!
also!helps!with!future!drug!design!by!seeing!which!parts!of!the!
potential!drug!react!in!a!positive!or!negative!way.!
!
20.! Explorations(into(Developing(an(iOS(Application(on(Event(
Logging,(Everett&Boyer!
Mentor:!Joe!Oldham,!Computer!Science!
Historically,!a!tool!is!a!singleQpurpose!device.!Computing!allows!
for!tools!that!are!general!purpose;!we!can!program!one!device!
to!do!many!things.!Mobile!platform!computing!devices!can!
become!many!tools!in!one!package.!This!project!examines!the!
feasibility!of!using!an!iOS!device!to!perform!event!logging,!a!
task!typically!performed!on!a!dedicated!device.!Our!hope!is!to!
provide!software!to!do!event!logging!on!portable,!ubiquitous!
devices,!lessening!the!need!for!more!expensive,!dedicated!
devices!that!have!!!a!lower!rate!of!use.!We!are!currently!
working!on!building!the!tool,!and!later!will!address!usability!
testing.!This!talk!will!describe!the!current!state!of!the!Event!
Logger,!and!discuss!the!problems!of!stepping!into!a!project!with!
a!substantial!existing!code!base,!go!into!recent!testing!of!the!
tool,!and!plans!for!the!future.!
!
21.! Suicide(as(the(Ultimate(SelfTSacrifice?(Perspectives(of(Ancient(
and(Modern(Maya,(Camille&Baylis!
Mentor:!Phyllis!Passariello,!Anthropology!
Last!September,!while!studying!in!the!Yucatan,!I!found!out!that!
the!ancient!Maya!had!a!goddess!of!suicide,!certainly!a!rarity!in!
the!pantheons!of!other!cultures.!Then,!I!learned!that!the!
Mexican!state!of!Yucatan,!primarily!populated!by!contemporary!
Maya,!has!the!nation’s!highest!suicide!rate,!at!least!double!that!
of!any!other!state.!Further,!I!noticed!that!Ixtab,!the!Maya!
goddess!of!suicide,!is!always!depicted!hanging!from!a!noose!
around!her!neck.!Most!contemporary!suicides!in!the!Yucatan!
are!enacted!by!the!same!method,!hanging.!This!paper!focuses!
of!the!specific!archaeological!evidence!and!historical!
documentation!of!ritualized!offerings!of!human!blood!among!
the!ancient!Maya,!raising!the!possibility!that!suicide,!the!most!
extreme!form!of!autoQsacrifice,!was!considered!to!be!most!
valued!by!the!gods.!Contemporary!suicide!statistics!for!the!
Yucatan!may!imply!some!connection!to!the!ancient!Maya!
valorization!of!autoQsacrifice.!Why!did!the!ancient!Maya!
perform!human!sacrifice?!Do!the!high!suicide!rates!among!
contemporary!Yucatec!Maya!suggest!any!significant!link!with!
ancient!beliefs!and!practices?!
!
22.! Public(Healthcare:(Internship(Experiences(in(the(States(and(
Abroad,(Lisa&Alley!
Mentor:!January!Haile,!Chemistry!
Public!Health!is!a!field!of!healthcare!based!on!improving!the!
wellQbeing!and!promoting!the!healthy!lifestyles!of!individuals!
through!education!and!service.!This!widely!growing!line!of!work!
emphasizes!the!importance!of!disease!prevention!rather!than!
treatment,!a!concept!that!has!had!significant!success!in!
improving!the!overall!quality!of!health!in!local!communities.!In!
this!presentation,!I!will!discuss!my!local!experiences!with!
community!healthcare,!specifically,!my!internship!at!the!
Ephraim!McDowell!Community!Services!Department.!I!will!then!
compare!and!contrast!this!experience!with!my!international!
internship!at!ISSTE,!a!public!hospital!in!Mérida,!Mexico.!
Throughout!this!presentation,!you!will!be!guided!through!my!
daily!internship!activities!and!discover!ways!in!which!public!
health!has!impacted!these!different!areas.!
!
23.! Observations(on(Sustainable(Global(Health(Practices(in(
Southern(Honduras,(Sarah&Bugg!
Mentor:!Steve!Asmus,!Biochemistry!and!Molecular!Biology!
During!Centreterm,!I!witnessed!the!primary!barriers!facing!
global!health!today!through!an!ophthalmology!internship!in!
southern!Honduras.!Through!the!international!organization!
Unite!for!Sight,!I!worked!with!eye!care!providers!from!Clínica!
ZOE!in!Tegucigalpa.!We!served!the!people!of!rural!Honduras!by!
providing!traveling!eye!clinics.!At!these!clinics,!I!fitted!patients!
for!glasses,!performed!vision!screenings,!educated!patients!
about!the!importance!of!healthy!eye!care,!and!distributed!over!
six!hundred!pairs!of!glasses.!Through!these!firstQhand!
experiences!and!the!training!required!for!Unite!for!Sight!
volunteers,!I!observed!the!need!for!medical!support!that!is!fully!
sustainable!and!builds!on!existing!infrastructure!in!thirdQworld!
countries.!
!
24.! Diversity(at(Centre:(How(can(we(improve?,(Megan&
Radenhausen!
Mentor:!Jennifer!Goetz,!Psychology!
The!goal!of!this!research!project!is!to!examine!previous!
research!on!racial!interactions!between!minorities!and!White!
students!in!predominately!white!institutions.!This!review!of!
psychological!research!will!help!me!develop!my!own!study!
examining!relationships!between!minorities!and!Whites!on!
Centre’s!campus.!In!particular,!I!focus!on!the!experience!of!
minority!students!and!aspects!of!conflict!that!cause!the!most!
detriment!to!the!academic!and!overall!success!of!African!
American!students!during!their!time!at!Centre!College,!
including!the!cumulative!effect!of!microaggressions.!My!review!
covers!topics!from!interQgroup!contact!theory,!social!
dominance!orientation!theory,!and!colorQblind!theory.!Through!
this!research!I!hope!to!discover!the!sideQeffects!on!minorities!of!
being!constantly!discriminated!against!along!with!the!skills!and!
tools!minorities!develop!to!counter!it.!My!goal!is!to!hopefully!
determine!a!way!to!improve!the!quality!of!minorities’!
experience!at!Centre!College.!
!

!
12!
25.! The(Threat(Response(of(Sabellidae,(Millie&Horn&and&Cristin&
Palmer!
Mentor:!Brian!L.!Storz,!Biology!
The!family!Sabellidae!(feather!dusters)!consists!of!marine!
annelids!that!retract!into!their!tubes!when!threatened.!This!
experiment!involved!exposing!two!types!of!feather!dusters!
commonly!found!in!the!Bahamian!coral!reef!ecosystem!to!
different!stimuli!and!observing!the!length!of!time!the!worms!
remained!retracted!into!their!tubes.!The!stimuli!represented!
natural!threats!in!the!environment!of!the!feather!dusters,!
including!touch!stimuli!from!prey!fish!and!changes!in!current,!
signaling!a!threat!nearby.!The!hypothesis!is!that!more!intense!
threats!(i.e.!a!larger!fish)!would!yield!a!longer!retraction!time,!
and!that!larger!colonies!will!exhibit!shorter!retraction!times!for!
each!stimulus.!The!data!was!analyzed!based!on!size!and!species!
of!the!feather!duster!colonies.!All!statistical!tests!yielded!pQ
values!less!than!0.001,!indicating!that!all!results!were!
statistically!significant.!The!results!partially!supported!the!
hypothesis,!since!the!smaller!fish!(common!predators)!showed!
the!highest!retraction!times.!
!
26.! Detecting(Unique(Proteins(in(Rheumatoid(Arthritis(Patients(
with(Interstitial(Lung(Disease,(Alex&Hurley!
Mentor:!Matthew!R.!Klooster,!Biology!
Rheumatoid!Arthritis!(RA)!patients!can!be!affected!by!a!deadly!
complication!known!as!Interstitial!Lung!Disease!(ILD).!
Researchers!at!the!University!of!Miami!believe!that!this!
complication!is!caused!by!unique!citrullinated!proteins!in!lung!
tissue.!Confirming!this!prediction!is!valuable!because!these!
specific!proteins!could!be!used!to!identify!the!early!onset!of!
ILD.!To!determine!the!validity!of!this!hypothesis,!citrullinated!
and!uncitrullinated!protein!profiles!from!RA!patients!both!with!
and!without!ILD!were!prepared!and!then!compared!in!our!lab!
using!TwoQDimensional!Difference!Gel!Electrophoresis!and!
prototype!gel!imaging!technology.!Our!results!did!not!suggest!
that!the!RAQILD!patients!possessed!citrullinated!proteins!wholly!
unique!from!the!RAQNo!ILD!patients.!However,!this!project!did!
represent!one!of!the!initial!attempts!to!test!this!hypothesis!
with!these!techniques,!and!so!several!reiterations!of!the!
experiment!must!be!run!with!minor!alterations!before!the!
hypothesis!can!be!rejected!with!certainty.!
!
27.! Spadefoot(Tadpole(Shape(Plasticity,(Camille&Gordon!
Mentor:!Brian!L.!Storz,!Biology!
Previous!studies!have!investigated!the!effects!of!environmental!
temperature!on!tadpole!body!size!and!shape!plasticity,!but!
most!of!these!studies!focused!on!temperate!species!of!
anurans––i.e.!species!that!are!not!naturally!exposed!to!high!(or!
variable)!temperatures!during!development.!!In!our!study,!we!
examined!the!effects!of!temperature!on!body!shape!and!size!
plasticity!in!tadpoles!of!two!spadefoot!species,!Spea!
multiplicata,!a!desertQadapted!species,!and!Spea!bombifrons,!
an!evolutionarily!recent!desert!inhabitant.!!While!most!of!the!
plasticity!studies!have!shown!an!effect!of!high!temperatures!on!
body!shape!plasticity!in!the!temperate!species,!we!predicted!
that!Sp.!mult!would!show!no!shape!plasticity!because!they!have!
evolved!to!develop!in!these!highQtemperature!(and!variableQ
temperature)!ponds.!!!In!contrast,!we!predict!that!Sp.!bomb!
would!show!shape!plasticity!because!they!are!recent!
inhabitants!of!the!desert!environment.!
!
28.! Conspecific(Phenotypic(Plasticity(in(Response(to(Elements(of(
Predation(and(Death,(Sara&Beth&Freytag!
Mentor:!Brian!L.!Storz,!Biology!
Phenotypic!plasticity!is!the!expression!of!multiple!phenotypes!
from!the!same!(or!similar)!genotype.!!Many!organisms!can!
show!plasticity!when!exposed!to!an!environmental!trigger,!such!
as!insect!or!fish!predators,!but!our!research!is!the!first!to!test!
whether!conspecific!(same!species)!cannibalistic!tadpoles!can!
act!as!a!plasticity!trigger!for!their!nonQcannibalistic!
counterparts.!!Using!a!multifactorial!design,!we!tested!the!
effect!of:!!1)!conspecific!nonQcannibal!tadpoles,!2)!nothing,!3)!
pulverized!nonQcannibal!tadpoles,!4)!cannibalistic!tadpoles!fed!
pulverized!tadpoles,!and!5)!cannibalistic!tadpoles!fed!normal!
tadpole!chow!on!potential!shape!plasticity!of!focal!labQreared!
nonQcannibals.!!Using!Geometric!Morphometrics!and!statistical!
analysis,!we!tested!for!bodyQ!and!tailQshape!differences!among!
these!treatments!to!determine!whether!the!“sight!of!death”!
(presence!of!a!cannibal)!and/or!the!“smell!of!death”!(pulverized!
nonQcannibals)!can!trigger!shape!plasticity!in!nonQcannibals.!
!
29.! Plato's(Account(of(the(Soul(and(Its(Relation(to(the(Forms,(
Annie&Corbitt!
Mentor:!Eva!Marie!Cadavid,!Philosophy!
Plato’s!philosophy!is!grounded!in!his!theory!of!forms.!He!
believes!that!there!is!a!realm!of!forms,!which!is!immaterial,!
unchanging,!and!immortal!and!which!constitutes!true!reality.!
The!material,!senseQperceptible!world,!he!believes,!is!merely!a!
reflection!of!the!forms.!When!he!writes!about!the!soul,!
however,!it!is!unclear!where!he!places!it!in!relation!to!these!
two!realms.!The!soul!is!not!senseQperceptible,!so!it!cannot!
belong!to!the!realm!of!matter.!In!the!Phaedo,!Plato!presents!
the!soul!as!being!immortal,!which!would!seem!to!place!it!in!the!
realm!of!the!forms.!However,!Plato!also!describes!some!
features!of!the!soul!that!seem!to!be!different!from!what!he!
names!as!the!essential!characteristics!of!the!forms.!If!the!soul!
does!belong!among!the!forms,!another!point!becomes!unclear:!
is!each!individual’s!soul!a!form!in!itself,!or!is!there!one!form!
Soul,!of!which!our!individual!souls!are!merely!shadows?!If!the!
individual!soul!is!a!form!in!itself,!then!the!soul!can!be!seen!as!
what!makes!us!individuals,!and!our!individuality!would!be!
preserved!after!death.!But!if!our!souls!are!mere!shadows!of!the!
form!Soul,!then!what!makes!us!individuals!would!be!our!
matter,!and!our!individuality!would!not!be!preserved!after!
death.!In!this!paper,!I!examine!the!development!of!Plato’s!view!
of!the!soul!as!presented!in!three!major!dialogues:!the!Phaedo,!
the!Phaedrus,!and!the!Timaeus.!I!suggest!that!the!soul,!while!
not!material,!does!not!belong!to!the!formal!realm,!either,!but!is!
something!altogether!different!–!something!that!gives!us!
individuality!in!its!active!pursuit!of!the!forms.!
!
30.! Reconciling(Plato's(Dual(Epistemological(Frameworks,(Cyrus&Xi!
Mentor:!Eva!Marie!Cadavid,!Philosophy!
In!the!Republic!and!Meno,!Plato!explores!an!epistemological!
issue:!what!precisely!constitutes!knowledge,!and!how!might!we!
attain!it?!However,!the!frameworks!he!presents!in!reply!to!
these!questions!are,!if!not!mutually!exclusive,!at!least!

!
13!
substantively!different.!This!paper!seeks!to!demonstrate!that!
the!seemingly!dissimilar!models!of!knowledge!in!the!Republic!
and!Meno!can,!in!fact,!be!satisfactorily!combined.!I!first!explore!
what!sets!the!two!epistemological!frameworks!apart!and!
identify!the!central!points!of!divergence.!Through!textual!
analysis,!I!examine!what!Plato!holds!as!most!important!in!an!
account!of!knowledge.!I!then!present!two!parallel!methods!of!
reconciling!the!dialogues'!different!views.!The!resulting!
frameworks!are!both!syntheses!of!the!Republic's!and!Meno's!
views!of!knowledge,!as!well!as!models!that!attempt!to!preserve!
as!much!of!Plato's!intent!as!possible.!This!paper!concludes!with!
a!brief!take!on!which!synthesis!might!be!preferable.!
!
31.! Cartesian(Elements(in(E.(T.(A.(Hoffman’s(“The(Sandman”:(A(
Romantic(Response(to(Descartes,(Kevin&Sar!
Mentor:!Daniel!Kirchner,!Philosophy!
It!would!be!tempting!to!view!philosophical!elements!of!E.!T.!A.!
Hoffman’s!writings!as!merely!another!German!Romantic!
reaction!against!the!philosophy!of!Immanuel!Kant.!Reasons!for!
doing!so!are!clear.!First,!Hoffman!had!Romantic!leanings,!
having!fallen!into!an!intellectual!circle!that!introduced!him!to!
the!works!of!A.!W.!Schlegel,!Tieck,!and!Novalis.!Second,!
Hoffmann!was!likely!familiar!with!at!least!some!of!Kant’s!
general!ideas,!for!he!studied!at!the!University!of!Kӧnigsberg!
during!the!time!that!Kant,!the!university’s!most!famous!faculty!
member,!taught!there.!However,!I!believe!that!“The!Sandman,”!
one!of!Hoffman’s!most!famous!stories,!shows!Hoffman!to!be!
responding!not!to!Kant,!but!instead!to!Descartes.!In!this!
presentation,!I!will!first!explain!how!“The!Sandman”!indicates!
that!Hoffman!was!familiar!with!Descartes’!work!and!then!offer!
an!interpretation!of!“The!Sandman”!as!a!Romantic!idealist!
response!to!elements!of!Cartesian!philosophy.!
!
32.! The(Personality(and(Power(of(Napoleon(Bonaparte,(Chelsea&
Neal&and&Nolan&Weddle!
Mentor:!Dina!Badie,!Politics!
The!personality!of!one!person!can!alter!the!course!of!history.!
After!researching!the!personality!of!Napoleon!Bonaparte!and!
its!effects!on!his!leadership!capabilities,!we!discovered!that!
Alfred!Adler's!psychological!theory!on!birth!order,!as!well!as!the!
early!treatment!of!Napoleon!by!his!mother,!explained!
Napoleon's!quest!for!power!across!the!European!continent.!
This!past!Centreterm,!we!filmed!a!documentary!to!demonstrate!
that!Napoleon's!psychological!need!for!power,!which!was!
particularly!evident!in!his!decision!to!fight!the!Battle!of!
Waterloo,!led!to!his!defeat!and!eventual!exile.!The!life!of!
Napoleon!demonstrates!the!ways!in!which!personality!affects!
the!behavior!and!decisions!of!leaders!who!ultimately!have!an!
important!impact!on!the!history!of!the!world.!
!
33.! A(Comparison(of(Political(Communication(in(the(United(States(
and(France,(Kelley&Lynch!
Mentor:!Patrice!Mothion,!French!
The!purpose!of!this!paper!is!to!analyze!linguistic!differences!in!
political!communication!in!the!United!States!and!in!France!
since!1980.!Transcripts!of!presidential!debates,!press!
conferences,!and!convention!speeches!were!examined!using!
the!Natural!Language!Toolkit!platform!for!Python.!First,!this!
paper!describes!the!NLP!(Natural!Language!Processing)!
methods!that!were!used!and!their!relevance!in!this!context.!
Next,!the!paper!compares!French!and!American!political!
communication!and!examines!changes!which!have!occurred!in!
political!communication!in!the!two!countries!since!1980.!
Finally,!the!paper!considers!potential!reasons!for!the!
differences!between!the!two!countries!and!how!the!differences!
could!influence!voter!behavior.!
!
34.! La(Loi(et(Le(Peuple:(((A(Comparison(of(the(French(and(
American(Legal(Systems,(Katie&Smalley!
Mentor:!Allison!Connolly,!French!
In!this!presentation,!I!will!provide!a!personal!account!of!the!
similarities!and!differences!that!exist!between!the!French!and!
American!legal!systems.!I!will!outline!the!various!aspects!of!my!
longQterm!research!project!that!combined!traditional!library!
research!with!a!series!of!personal!interviews!conducted!in!
Strasbourg,!France!as!well!as!Danville,!KY.!The!focus!of!my!
research!consisted!of!three!parts:!the!principle!components!of!
civil!and!common!law!systems,!the!role!of!the!judge,!and!the!
perception!of!lawyers!in!each!culture.!Through!my!research!I!
discovered!the!organizational!and!conceptual!differences!
between!each!country!as!well!as!the!creation!and!fulfillment!of!
law!within!society.!In!addition,!the!personal!interview!
component!gave!me!the!opportunity!to!discover!and!discuss!
the!perception!of!lawyers!within!each!society.!
!
35.! Immigration(Reform(in(France(and(the(United(States:(
Redefining(Exclusivity,(Meredith&Daugherty!
Mentor:!Allison!Connolly,!French!
My!RICE!presentation!is!a!comparative!study!that!addresses!the!
histories!of!immigration!and!its!continual!reform!in!two!
countries:!France!and!the!United!States.!Immigration!remains!
an!important!issue!at!the!political!forefront!of!both!of!these!
nations.!I!examine!the!evolution!of!the!topic!in!France!and!the!
United!States,!both!countries!finding!themselves!to!be!the!
equivalent!of!one!another!in!terms!of!ethical!and!democratic!
values.!Throughout!their!collective!histories,!these!two!nations!
have!experienced!immense!changes!to!their!national!policies!
regarding!immigration,!each!addressing!the!issue!and!dealing!
with!the!consequences!in!vastly!different!ways.!Their!outcomes!
are!a!reflection!of!their!respective!cultures!and!biases.!My!
presentation!strives!to!explain!how!can!expect!their!attitudes!
to!change!towards!immigration!in!the!years!to!come,!and!how!
these!changes!will!affect!these!nations!as!a!whole.!
!
36.! Absence(of(Blackness?,(Cassandre&Joseph&and&Sarah&Cesar!
Mentor:!Andrea!Abrams,!Anthropology!
This!presentation!will!cover!the!different!dynamics!of!blackness!
in!France.!We!will!be!exploring!the!!following!question:!is!there!
a!concept!of!blackness!in!Strasbourg,!France?!If!so!what!are!the!
components?!We!answered!this!question!by!examining!three!
different!ethnographic!accounts,!doing!participant!observation,!
and!conducting!interviews!with!people!from!the!community.!
We!found!that!the!U.S.!construction!of!blackness!differed!from!
the!experience!described!by!the!participants.!However!we!
attributed!this!to!the!lack!of!vocabulary!in!the!French!language!
for!race.!Thus!instead!the!participants!talked!about!their!
ethnicity.!Our!findings!suggest!that!there!is!a!need!for!further!
research!on!these!different!ethnic!groups,!which!could!improve!

!
14!
the!cultural!dynamics!in!this!community.!Also!it!could!uncover!a!
different!concept!of!blackness.!
!
37.! The(Effects(of(Contemporary(Mexican(Spanish(and(English(on(
the(Traditional(Spanish(Dialect(of(New(Mexico(and(Southern(
Colorado,(Eric&Beyerle!
Mentor:!Phyllis!Bellver,!Spanish!
First!exposed!to!the!Spanish!language!by!the!explorer!Juan!de!
Oñate!in!1528,!the!dialect!of!Spanish!spoken!in!the!state!of!
New!Mexico!and!the!southern!portion!of!Colorado!remained!
undisturbed!for!several!centuries,!allowing!it!to!retain!the!traits!
of!archaic!peninsular!Spanish.!However,!beginning!with!the!
inclusion!of!New!Mexico!as!a!state!following!the!conclusion!of!
the!SpanishQAmerican!War!in!1848,!the!New!Mexican!dialect!of!
Spanish,!called!¨Traditional!Spanish¨!has!experienced!significant!
changes,!in!addition!to!scrutiny!from!young!Hispanic!students!
and!nonQHispanic!English!speakers.!The!influence!of!anglicisms!
from!English!and!the!modern!grammar,!vocabulary,!and!syntax!
of!the!standard!Spanish!spoken!by!immigrants!from!Mexico!
have!catalyzed!a!dialectic!transformation!in!the!region.!In!the!
present!day,!the!Traditional!Spanish!of!New!Mexico!has!largely!
been!replaced!by!standard!Spanish!and!English!and!is!facing!the!
possibility!of!extinction.!
!
38.! The(Mayan(Language(and(the(Influence(of(Yucatán(Spanish/(El(
Idioma(Maya(y(la(Influencia(del(Español(de(la(Yucatán,(
Alexandra&Birmingham!
Mentor:!Phyllis!Bellver,!Spanish!
Topic:!the!linguistic!history!of!the!Mayan!language!and!the!
influence!of!Spanish!on!Mayan.!I!am!going!to!explore!the!
linguistic!features!of!the!Mayan!language!today!and!in!the!past!
and!compare!these!features!with!those!of!Spanish.!!I!am!also!
going!to!discuss!how!Spanish!has!influenced!the!Mayan!
language,!and!how!Mayan!has!influenced!the!Spanish!spoken!in!
the!Yucatan,!in!other!words,!their!mutual!linguistic!impact.!
!
39.! The(Spanish(of(Jalisco,(Mexico,(Cody&Mitchell!
Mentor:!Phyllis!Bellver,!Spanish!
Cárdenas,!Daniel!N.!El!español!de!Jalisco.!Madrid:!Consejo!
Superior!de!Investigaciones!Científicas,!Patronato!"Menéndez!
Pelayo",!Instituto!Miguel!de!Cervantes,!1967.!Print.!!!!The!
Spanish!spoken!in!Mexico!occurs!in!a!variety!of!accents!and!
dialects.!The!goal!of!my!research!for!this!paper!was!to!uncover!
some!specific!characteristics!of!the!Spanish!dialect!spoken!in!
the!state!of!Jalisco,!Mexico.!Having!lived!in!Jalisco!for!a!time,!it!
was!interesting!to!hear!locals!in!Mérida,!where!I!studied!abroad!
in!a!region!very!far!from!Jalisco,!tell!me!that!my!own!accent!
resembled!the!accent!of!Jalisco!through!my!pronunciation!of!
words!and!with!some!of!the!expressions!I!used.!After!my!firstQ
hand!experiences!and!further!research!on!the!topic,!I!
discovered!that!Jalisco!indeed!has!its!very!own!brand!of!
Mexican!Spanish,!created!by!various!influences!such!as!the!
local!indigenous!substratum!and!regional!dialects!brought!by!
Spanish!colonizers!that!was!described!in!my!paper,!with!a!focus!
on!Jalisco’s!unique!phonological!characteristics!and!
colloquialisms.!
!
40.! The(phonologies(of(Spanish(and(Albanian(/(Las(fonologías(de(
español(y(albanés,(Klea&Xoxi!
Mentor:!Phyllis!Bellver,!Spanish!
This!presentation!focuses!on!the!Albanian!language,!its!sounds!
and!its!grammatical!structure.!Basic!features!of!the!Albanian!
language!are!presented!and!then!compared!with!those!of!the!
Spanish!language.!Besides!the!phonologies,!or!sound!systems,!
of!Spanish!and!Albanian,!it!is!apparent!that!there!are!
grammatical!similarities,!especially!in!the!formation!of!nouns;!
other!connections!include!the!way!natives!of!both!languages!
speak,!with!intonations!of!passion!and!emotion.!!!Other!
elements!of!the!Albanian!culture!are!also!included,!such!as!
traditions,!folkloric!dance,!national!holidays,!and!religion.!The!
presentation!contains!videos,!photos,!maps!of!Europe!and!the!
Balkans,!a!diagram!of!the!IndoQEuropean!language!family,!and!a!
poem!in!Albanian,!so!the!listeners!can!hear!the!sound!of!the!
language.!This!presentation!is!important!because!it!
demonstrates!how!two!languages!from!different!branches!of!
the!IndoQEuropean!family!can!be!so!different,!yet!so!alike.!
!
41.! Let(Me(Play!(Differences(in(undergraduates's(concussion(and(
return(to(play(knowledge,(Elizabeth&LeBlond,&Jennifer&Connor,&
and&Gordon&Duren!
Mentor:!KatieAnn!Skogsberg,!Behavioral!Neuroscience!
Concussions!have!become!a!very!popular!topic,!both!in!the!
news!and!in!neuropsychological!research.!However!very!little!
was!known!about!the!knowledge!and!attitudes!of!athletes,!
coaches,!and!athletic!trainers!towards!concussions!and!return!
to!play!guidelines!until!the!Rosenbaum!Concussion!Knowledge!
and!Attitudes!Survey!–!Student!Version!was!developed!
(RoCKASQST,!Rosenbaum!&!Arnett,!2010).!To!the!best!of!our!
knowledge!this!instrument!has!only!been!used!to!study!high!
school!students,!until!now.!!We!distributed!this!instrument!in!
order!to!examine!the!general!knowledge!and!attitudes!towards!
concussion!and!return!to!play!guidelines!among!undergraduate!
students!at!Centre!College.!Our!results!revealed!significant!
differences!between!athletes!and!nonQathletes.!Additionally,!
when!presented!with!return!to!play!scenarios,!both!groups!
were!more!likely!to!risk!the!athlete’s!health!when!the!stakes!
were!higher.!
!
42.! Winning(the(Race:(A(study(of(the(Atlanta(Braves’(rosters(and(
shift(in(racial(composition(of(the(leauge,(Jenna&Mire!
Mentor:!Beau!Weston,!Sociology!
In!this!presentation,!I!will!examine!what!factors!are!necessary!
for!composing!a!successful!Major!League!Baseball!team,!
focusing!primarily!on!the!Atlanta!Braves.!I!have!compared!the!
rosters!from!four!Atlanta!Braves!teams:!the!2012!season,!the!
2008!season,!2000!season,!and!the!1995!season!to!find!
variables!that!may!contribute!to!winning!seasons!in!order!to!
determine!a!“formula!for!success”.!!!!I!have!also!observed!
instances!in!which!class!cultures!are!lessened!due!to!the!
collectivity!of!players!necessary!for!the!sports!to!be!played.!In!
addition,!I!have!researched!the!composition!of!Major!League!
Baseball!teams,!as!the!league!has!increased!the!demand!for!
more!diverse!players!through!a!time!of!cultural!expansion.!
!

!
15!
43.! Determinants(of(Attendance(in(Major(League(Baseball,(Beau&
Sauley!
Mentor:!Bruce!K.!Johnson,!Economics!
Attendance!for!Major!League!Baseball!games!in!2011!ranged!
from!8,726!people!in!attendance!for!a!game!on!a!Tuesday!in!
April!in!Cleveland,!to!56,000!people!showing!up!at!Dodger!
Stadium!six!days!earlier.!!Why!is!there!such!a!disparity?!!
Utilizing!data!primarily!collected!from!mlb.com!and!
espn.go.com,!a!crossQsectional!analysis!was!run!from!all!2429!
regular!season!games!played!in!2011.!!Variables!such!as!rain,!
win!percentage,!region,!and!opening!day!were!used!to!
determine!the!individual!effect!of!each!on!attendance.!!This!
presentations!aims!to!understand!why!nearly!50,000!more!
people!went!to!enjoy!a!day!at!the!ballpark!in!LA!than!in!
Cleveland!less!than!a!week!later.!
!
44.! A(New(Basketball(Shooting(Efficiency(Metric,(Sophie&Han!
Mentor:!Jeff!Heath,!Mathematics!
Field!Goal!Percentage!(FG%)!has!been!widely!used!to!measure!a!
player's!shooting!ability!due!to!its!simplicity.!However,!!FG%!
overlooks!the!effect!of!space,!and!thus!it!is!often!a!misleading!
indicator!of!how!well!a!player!actually!shoots.!We!develop!a!
new!metric,!Effective!Points!Gained!(EPG),!that!takes!the!shot!
distance!and!location!into!account,!and!computes!each!player's!
marginal!points!gained!for!each!shot.!The!final!result!gives!a!
better!understanding!of!a!player's!shooting!efficiency.!Results!
from!NBA!data!will!be!presented.!
!
45.! The(Symbolism(of(a(Passport:(Examining(the(Single(European(
Citizenship(as(a(Unifying(Force,(Benjamin&Tudor!
Mentor:!Lori!HartmannQMahmud,!International!Studies!
The!1993!Treaty!of!Maastricht!laid!the!foundation!for!what!
would!ultimately!become!a!functioning!international!citizenship!
system,!encompassing!the!27!member!states!of!the!European!
Union.!!During!the!current!European!economic!crisis,!increased!
subscription!to!national!identities!threatens!this!institution,!
which!is!rooted!in!the!supraQnational!authority!of!the!EU.!!In!
this!paper,!I!examine!the!symbolic!nature!of!the!single!
European!citizenship!and!its!effectiveness!at!creating!a!more!
globalQcentric!political!community.!!I!also!address!issues!that!
have!arisen!as!a!result!of!the!system,!and!consider!its!
application!to!future!members!of!the!EU.!!With!2013!being!
designated!as!the!European!Year!of!Citizens!by!the!European!
Commission,!a!conversation!about!how!the!citizenship!can!
catalyze!further!political!integration!is!likely!on!the!horizon.!
!
46.! Australia:(How(the(Land(Down(Under(Became(Something(
More,(Gray&Whitsett!
Mentor:!Steve!Beaudoin,!History!
Using!Australia!as!a!case!study,!this!paper!explores!the!complex!
interplay!between!internal!and!external!dynamics!in!the!
creation!of!the!“imagined!communities”!that!we!call!nations.!In!
particular,!this!presentation!is!centered!around!unpacking!the!
exact!effects!World!War!I,!specifically!the!Battle!of!Gallipoli,!
had!on!Australia.!At!the!turn!of!the!century,!Australia!was!still!
relatively!young!and!had!yet!to!determine!a!definitive!national!
identity!for!itself,!a!concept!as!critical!to!a!state!as!any!military!
or!trade!route.!This!research!argues!that!Australia’s!role!in!
World!War!I!had!a!decisive!and!lasting!effect!on!both!Aussie!
and!foreign!perception!of!the!Land!Down!Under,!prompting!
Australia!to!break!many!of!its!ties!to!England!and!move!toward!
a!more!independent!economy!and!mindset.!
!
47.! Democracy:(Terrorism’s(best(tool,(Briana&Lathon!
Mentor:!Lori!HartmannQMahmud,!International!Studies!
This!paper!explores!the!relationship!between!democracy!and!
terrorismQQa!relationship!that!is!becoming!more!evident!as!the!
politics!of!today’s!world!become!more!interconnected.!I!
examine!the!civil!structure!of!democratic!states!and!the!
motives!for!terroristic!attacks.!The!heart!of!the!paper!relies!on!
the!major!commonalities!between!three!examples!of!
democratic!states!that!have!suffered!terrorist!attacks!and!the!
uniqueness!of!their!reactions.!I!will!highlight!the!political!and!
societal!responses!to!the!2004!Spain!train!bombing,!the!2005!
United!Kingdom!bombing,!and!the!recent!attack!on!the!U.S.!
consulate!in!Benghazi,!which!reflect!the!negative!societal!
characteristics!that!are!unique!to!highly!democratic!states.!My!
research!suggests!that!the!liberal!nature!of!democratic!states!
will!more!than!likely!always!have!a!dual!effect:!first,!providing!
civil!rights,!civil!liberties,!and!freedoms!to!its!citizens,!and!
second,!instigating!attacks!that!threaten!all!three.!
!
48.! Secessionist(Movements(in(South(Sudan(and(Taiwan:(A(
Structural(Comparison,(Yiqiao&Li!
Mentor:!Dina!Badie,!Politics!
In!2011,!South!Sudan,!a!politically!and!economically!
underdeveloped!state!carved!up!by!violence,!won!its!
independence!through!a!largely!democratic!and!peaceful!
measure!and!was!henceforth!invited!to!join!the!United!Nations.!
Meanwhile,!Taiwan,!a!polity!with!a!vibrant!economy,!
democratic!and!independent!government,!and!strong!civil!
society,!has!been!rejected!representation!the!United!Nations!as!
they!were!forced!to!abdicate!their!seat!to!the!PRC!in!1971.!This!
paper!considers!the!international!and!domestic!factors!that!
contribute!to!the!success!and!failure!of!secessionist!movements!
to!gain!recognition!and!independence,!using!South!Sudan!and!
Taiwan!as!case!studies.!The!study!shows!that!there!are!three!
structural!factors!that!determined!the!results!of!the!
secessionist!movements:!1)!foundation!and!environment!of!
secessionist!nationalism!2)!dynamism!of!policies!and!strategies!
of!counterQsecession!authority!3)!direction!of!United!States!
influences!and!interference.!
!
49.! Proximate(Mechanisms(Underlying(the(Nest(Bond(in(Ring(
Neck(Dove,(Ashley&Boerrigter&and&Nathan&Horrell!
Mentor:!Melissa!BurnsQCusato,!Behavioral!Neuroscience!
In!monogamy,!the!most!common!mating!system!of!birds,!the!
breeding!partners!share!the!variety!of!responsibilities!
associated!with!reproduction.!To!do!these!things!successfully,!
each!bird!needs!not!only!to!form!a!pair!bond!with!its!mate,!but!
also!must!develop!a!psychological!attachment!to!the!nest!site.!
This!experiment!explored!whether!cues!surrounding!the!nest!
acquire!reinforcement!value!for!ring!neck!dove.!To!quantify!the!
reinforcement!value!of!the!nest,!we!used!a!conditioned!place!
paradigm!to!force!birds!to!choose!between!spending!time!in!a!
context!associated!with!the!nest!and!a!context!associated!with!
food!and!water.!Females!showed!a!significant!preference!for!

!
16!
the!nest!context!during!incubation!while!both!sexes!showed!a!
preference!for!the!nest!context!during!the!brooding!phase.!
These!results!indicate!that!the!nest!context!does!acquire!
reinforcement!value!and!suggests!that!possibility!that!classical!
conditioning!mechanisms!may!mediate!nest!site!fidelity.!
!
50.! Male(Japanese(Quail(Vocalizations(Have(Reinforcing(Value(for(
Male(and(Female(Quail,(Josh&Rieskamp&and&Katie&Strey!
Mentor:!Brian!Cusato,!Psychology!
Male!Japanese!quail!produce!two!vocalizations:!a!separation!
crow!used!to!reQestablish!contact!with!a!female!if!the!two!
become!visually!isolated,!and!an!unmated!crow!used!to!
advertise!location!and!mate!suitability.!Two!experiments!used!a!
conditioned!place!preference!paradigm!to!investigate!whether!
hearing!either!of!the!call!types!was!reinforcing!to!female!and!
male!quail.!Birds!were!repeatedly!exposed!to!an!80!Hz!tone!(a!
control!stimulus)!in!their!initially!preferred!context!and!either!
the!separation!crow!(experiment!1)!or!the!unmated!crow!
(experiment!2)!in!the!less!preferred!context.!In!both!
experiments!males!and!females!quickly!developed!a!preference!
for!the!initially!less!preferred!context!as!a!result!of!it!being!
paired!with!the!male!vocalizations.!These!findings!suggest!that!
a)!male!and!female!quail!perceive!both!types!of!male!
vocalizations!as!reinforcing,!and!b)!both!sexes!may!utilize!male!
crows!to!improve!their!reproductive!success.!
!
51.! A(Study(of(SelfTRecognition(in(Vervet(Monkeys,(Sparsha&Thout,&
Ashton&Spangler,&and&Erica&Moore!
Mentor:!Brian!Cusato,!Psychology!
Previous!research!has!determined!that!a!variety!of!nonQhuman!
primates!(e.g.!chimpanzees!and!orangutans)!possess!the!ability!
to!recognize!themselves!when!perceiving!their!own!mirror!
image.!The!present!study!was!the!first!to!investigate!selfQ
recognition!in!Vervet!monkeys!(Cercopithecus!aethiops).!Wild!
vervets!move!freely!throughout!small!ranges!on!the!West!
Indies!island!of!Barbados!and!several!of!these!troops!have!
established!adjacent!territories!in!the!region!including!the!
Barbados!Wildlife!Reserve.!Field!experiments!were!conducted!
on!these!troops!over!a!threeQweek!period.!On!multiple!
occasions!the!behavior!of!individual!monkeys!(e.g.!face!
touching,!bipedal!stances,!etc.)!was!recorded!as!they!
approached!and!interacted!with!their!own!mirror!image,!but!
few!of!the!observed!behaviors!were!indicative!of!selfQ
recognition.!These!results!suggest!that!the!origins!of!human!
selfQconcept!has!evolved!after!the!split!between!the!lesser!and!
greater!apes.!
!
52.! Voire(Dire(and(Social(Desirability:(Does("Prehabilitation"(
Reveal(or(Conceal(Juror(Bias?,(Cadey&Phipps&and&Hillary&Henize!
Mentor:!Mykol!C.!Hamilton,!Psychology!
In!the!present!study!we!examined!the!detrimental!roles!of!
social!desirability!pressures!and!“prehabilitation”!in!highly!
publicized!criminal!cases.!!The!legal!purpose!of!voir!dire!is!to!
detect!bias!in!prospective!jurors!so!as!to!seat!an!impartial!jury.!
However,!several!features!of!voir!dire!interviews!may!lead!
prospective!jurors!to!deny!the!effects!of!pretrial!information,!
and!thus!conceal!their!biases!rather!than!set!it!aside!or!be!
dismissed.!!In!this!mock!individual!voir!dire!study,!we!compared!
the!guiltyQbias!disclosure!of!prospective!jurors!in!a!baseline!
condition!to!disclosure!in!conditions!with!varying!degrees!of!
prehabilitative!and!social!desirability!pressure.!Our!results!
ultimately!provide!sufficient!evidence!to!support!our!
hypothesis!that!higher!pressure!would!result!in!less!disclosure!
of!antiQdefendant!bias.!Moreover,!we!suggest!modification!of!
current!voir!dire!practices!in!order!to!more!effectively!reveal!
antiQdefendant!bias!in!prospective!jurors.!
!
53.! The(Determinants(of(Male(and(Female(College(Enrollment(
Rates,(Andrew&Tuller!
Mentor:!John!Perry,!Economics!
Over!the!past!40!years,!the!college!enrollment!rate!has!seen!a!
lot!of!fluctuation.!!What!has!caused!these!fluctuations?!My!
project!will!attempt!to!explain!how!and!why!the!college!
enrollment!rate!fluctuates!from!year!to!year!for!both!males!and!
females.!!Are!both!sexes!affected!by!the!same!variables?!I!use!a!
regression!analysis!to!determine!what!kinds!of!variables!affect!
the!enrollment!rate!of!18Q22!year!olds!each!year.!!There!has!
been!a!lot!of!research!on!education!as!an!investment!but!I!
wanted!to!specifically!look!at!what!influences!a!high!school!
graduates!decision!to!go!to!college!or!to!forgo!a!college!
education!and!enter!the!workforce.!!I!found!that!the!average!
incomes!of!HS!graduates!and!college!graduates!have!an!affect!
on!the!enrollment!rate,!as!well!as!the!unemployment!rate,!
income!per!capita,!recession,!among!other!variables.!
!
54.! How(to(Turn(3.8(Million(Dollars(into(53(Million(Dollars:(
Centre’s(Story(of(the(2012(Vice(Presidential(Debate,(Christian&
Harris,&Ansley&Bredar,&Luke&Maupin,&and&Dennis&Barrett!
Mentor:!Stacey!Peebles,!English!
The!2012!Vice!Presidential!debate!was!a!monumental!
achievement!for!Centre!College.!A!small!liberal!arts!school!with!
around!1,300!students!managed!to!host!an!international!
television!event!that!was!seen!by!51.4!million!viewers,!to!a!
much!greater!degree!of!success!than!large!universities.!With!so!
much!time,!publicity,!and!money!at!stake,!there!had!to!be!
various!motives!coming!into!play!as!to!why!Centre!decided!to!
host!the!debate.!600!W.!Walnut!St.!is!a!documentary!film!that!
approaches!reasons!for!the!debate!utilizing!various!lenses,!such!
as!an!educational!experience!for!students!and!an!ingenious!
marketing!ploy!for!potential!new!freshmen.!The!film!also!digs!
into!the!recent!academic!history!of!Centre!as!each!year!its!
visibility!level!for!elite!students!rises.!All!those!issues!aside,!the!
documentary!captures!the!hardworking!efforts!of!numerous!
individuals!who!dedicated!a!year!of!their!life!to!make!sure!the!
event!was!perfectly!executed.!
!
55.! Transforming(the(Classroom(from(a(Marketing(Perspective,(
Agnes&Gakpo!
Mentor:!J.!H.!Atkins,!Education!
This!presentation!will!cover!my!experience!as!a!Science!and!
Humanities!Marketing!Intern!at!Pearson!Education,!a!leading!
global!publishing!company!in!Boston,!MA.!The!presentation!will!
also!cover!how!education!is!evolving!in!the!classroom!through!
the!influence!of!technological!advancements!and!how!
marketing!methods!are!adapting!to!these!changes.!Tools!such!
as!tablets,!electronic!books,!and!other!digital!resources!are!
more!commonplace!in!learning!environments.!I!will!expound!on!

!
17!
my!work!experience,!which!included!testing!new!apps!on!the!
Ipad!and!other!resources.!
!
56.! The(Future(of(Education(Reform:(Examining(Trends(in(MixedT
Government(Teacher(Tenure(Policy,(Daniel&Miller!
Mentor:!Benjamin!Knoll,!Politics!
The!issue!of!education!reform!has!recently!become!a!popular!
political!topic.!!Specifically,!the!topic!of!teacher!tenure!reform!
has!generated!intense!debate,!and!27!states!have!enacted!new!
tenure!legislation!since!2009.!My!paper!examines!trends!that!
have!emerged!in!mixedQgovernment!states!(those!not!
controlled!by!a!single!party)!who!are!forced!to!compromise!and!
pursue!generally!more!bipartisan!programs!for!teacher!tenure!
reform.!Specifically,!I!identify!the!major!measures!each!state!
has!included!in!their!respective!tenure!reform!packages!and!
classify!each!of!those!packages!along!an!ideological!spectrum.!
This!procedure!allows!for!the!identification!of!general!
ideological!trends!found!throughout!reforms!adopted!in!mixedQ
government!states!through!comparison!to!singleQparty!states.!!I!
find!that!mixedQgovernment!states!tend!to!produce!
conservative!tenure!reform!packages,!although!not!as!
conservative!as!RepublicanQcontrolled!singleQparty!states.!My!
paper!also!discusses!possible!explanations!for!this!finding,!and!
explores!implications!for!the!future!of!tenure!reform,!and!
education!policy!more!broadly,!among!the!American!states.!
!
57.! Development(of(a(New(Vancomycin(Dosing(Chart,(Ian&Powell!
Mentor:!Jeff!Heath,!Mathematics!
In!the!early!1950's!the!antibiotic!vancomycin!was!developed!to!
treat!highly!resistant!strains!of!bacterial!infections!such!as!
staphylococcus!and!pneumonia.!!Administered!intravenously,!
vancomycin!continues!to!have!widespread!use!in!hospitals!
today.!!A!study!in!2009!showed!that!patients!need!to!be!dosed!
with!a!higher!amount!of!vancomycin!to!successfully!treat!
serious!infections.!!In!coordination!with!the!Ephraim!McDowell!
Regional!Medical!Center,!we!statistically!analyzed!patient!data!
to!determine!the!optimal!dosages!of!vancomycin!for!patients!
based!on!their!physical!characteristics.!
!
58.! Probing(Circular(GratingTWaveguide(Resonators(with(
Cylindrical(Vector(Beams,(Samuel&Lane!
Mentor:!Jason!Neiser,!Physics!
In!current!computing!architectures,!data!transmission!between!
multiple!cores!in!a!processor!is!limited!by!the!electronic!signal!
speed.!!One!way!to!eliminate!this!electronic!speed!limit!is!to!
use!optics,!which!has!the!ultimate!speed!limit,!the!speed!of!
light.!!Grating!waveguide!resonators!are!devices!that!can!
convert!electronic!signals!to!optical!signals.!!The!aim!of!this!
research!was!to!produce!a!reliable!way!of!testing!various!
grating!waveguide!resonators,!so!that!the!most!efficient!system!
for!an!optical!modulator!could!be!determined.!!!This!talk!will!
present!different!geometries!for!modulators!and!outline!the!
summer!work!in!testing!circular!modulators!with!
unconventionally!polarized!beams.!
!
59.! Synthesis(of(Photochromically(Activated(SelfTHealing(
Copolymers,(Andrew&Jeffries!
Mentor:!Joe!Workman,!Chemistry!
SelfQhealing!materials!have!the!unique!ability!to!restore!
mechanical!damage!autonomously.!This!research!aims!to!
synthesize!and!characterize!a!novel!selfQhealing!copolymer!that!
is!activated!photochromically.!A!copolymer!containing!methyl!
methacrylate,!butyl!acrylate,!and!a!monomer!containing!a!
photochromic!spiropyran!functionality!was!synthesized!using!
atom!transfer!radical!polymerization!(ATRP)!and!subsequently!
characterized!via!UV/Vis!spectroscopy,!gel!permeation!
chromatography,!and!1H!NMR!spectroscopy.!This!
characterization!along!with!qualitative!data!suggests!that!a!
ringQopening!mechanism!may!occur!upon!exposure!of!the!
photochromic!copolymer!to!UV!radiation.!
!
60.! The(Solution(to(Laplace's(Equation(on(the(Perturbed(Upper(
Half(Plane,(Molly&Howell!
Mentor:!Joel!Kilty,!Mathematics!
This!talk!explores!solutions!to!Laplace’s!equation!on!regions!of!
various!geometries!in!an!attempt!to!understand!how!the!
geometry!of!the!region!affects!the!solution.!The!solution!on!the!
upper!half!plane!is!examined!and!used!to!find!a!solution!on!a!
more!complicated!region.!
!
61.! The(Labor(Reality(in(Colombia,(Bethany&Carson!
Mentor:!Stephanie!Fabritius,!Biology!
Colombia!is!the!country!with!the!most!labor!violence,!and!
second!highest!number!of!internally!displaced!people!in!the!
world.!In!April!2012,!the!U.S.!–!Colombia!Free!Trade!Agreement!
was!officially!implemented,!after!both!governments!confirmed!
that!the!Colombian!Labor!Action!Plan—intended!to!protect!
workers’!right!of!association!and!reduce!violence!against!
unionists—was!being!enforced.!In!July,!I!traveled!to!Colombia!
as!a!Witness!for!Peace!delegate!to!evaluate!the!truth!of!this!
claim.!Through!conversations!with!affected!groups!and!
advocacy!organizations,!we!uncovered!ongoing!human!rights!
violations!in!areas!covered!by!the!Labor!Action!Plan,!and!
produced!a!report!to!the!U.S.!Embassy!denouncing!these!
continuing!abuses.!Since!the!delegation,!I!have!responded!to!
action!alerts!regarding!increased!violence!towards!groups!that!
we!visited,!and!helped!to!organize!events!advocating!for!
ASOTRECOL,!an!association!of!injured!former!GM!workers!who!
were!illegally!fired!from!the!Bogotá!plant.!
!
62.! The(Cost(of(War:(Cultural(Protection(in(Times(of(Extreme(
Upheaval,(Hannah&Ensign1George!
Mentor:!Jay!Bloom,!Art!History!
Modern!military!actions!and!the!chaos!resulting!from!them!
have!potentially!profound!consequences!for!the!preservation!of!
historical!sites!and!artifacts.!The!2003!invasion!of!Iraq!by!
American!and!British!forces!provides!an!example!of!what!can!
occur!when!historical!sites!and!artifacts!are!not!protected.!The!
Baghdad!National!Museum!was!looted!of!thousands!of!pieces!
from!its!collection!of!priceless!artifacts!and!countless!sites!of!
historical!importance!were!irreparably!harmed!in!the!fighting.!
My!research!will!focus!on!the!circumstances!leading!up!to!such!
looting,!and!efforts!made!to!prevent!looting!during!times!of!

!
18!
conflict.!I!will!also!emphasize!the!importance!of!advance!
planning!for!handling!historically!important!sites/artifacts!and!
invading!troops’!responsibility!to!protect!and!conserve!these!
elements.!
!
63.! The(Office(of(Strategic(Services:(America's(Experiment(With(
Spying,(Brenden&Sullivan!
Mentor:!Michael!Hamm,!History!
Seminar!research!conducted!over!the!formation!and!
functionality!of!the!Office!of!Strategic!Services—the!first!central!
intelligence!agency!of!the!United!States—!during!World!War!II.!
Prior!to!the!1940s,!the!United!States!shied!away!from!
clandestine!methods!of!warfare.!However,!espionage!became!a!
necessary!solution!to!combat!the!rapid!advancement!of!Nazi!
forces.!Thus,!President!Franklin!D.!Roosevelt!created!the!Office!
of!Strategic!Services!(OSS)!in!1941,!hoping!to!meet!the!Nazi!
threat!with!a!comparable!force!of!spies!and!saboteurs.!
Dissolved!by!President!Truman!after!World!War!II,!it!became!
apparent!that!communism!was!as!much!a!threat!as!the!Nazis!
had!been,!and!a!new!organization!was!built!from!OSS!
experiences.!Though!historians!speculate!the!efficiency!of!OSS!
operations,!it!cannot!be!denied!that!the!innovative!techniques!
that!OSS!agents!pioneered!formed!the!bedrock!for!the!truly!
productive!American!spy!network—the!modernQday!Central!
Intelligence!Agency.!
!
64.! Impressment(in(the(Royal(Navy(in(the(Early(19th(Century,(Ian&
Hazel!
Mentor:!Amos!Tubb,!History!
The!subject!of!impressment!–!or!forced!induction!–!into!the!
Royal!Navy!in!the!late!18th!and!early!19th!centuries!has!mostly!
been!considered!when!examining!international!relations!
between!Great!Britain!and!the!United!States.!However,!it!was!
also!a!controversial!social!issue!in!Great!Britain!at!the!time.!This!
paper!utilizes!primary!sources!–!including!newspapers,!
pamphlets,!and!officers'!personal!experiences!–!and!modern!
scholars'!thoughts!on!the!topic!to!gain!an!understanding!of!
what!impressment!meant!to!the!people!who!lived!through!it.!
The!topic!of!impressment!and!its!reform!throughout!the!19th!
century!is!addressed!as!being!a!symbol!of!the!changing!times!in!
Great!Britain,!and!the!greater!social!reform!that!occurred!
during!that!era.!
!
65.! Plasticity(and(Phenotype(Analysis(of(Rat(Embryonic(Cortical(TH(
Expressing(Interneurons(in(vitro,(Ginny&Bickner!
Mentor:!Steve!Asmus,!Biochemistry!and!Molecular!Biology!
Cortical!interneurons!are!linked!in!an!unknown!way!to!
prevalent!neurological!disorders!including!epilepsy!and!
schizophrenia.!Research!regarding!tyrosine!hydroxylase!(TH)Q
expressing!interneurons!is!critical!in!order!to!begin!to!
understand!the!function!of!TH!and!the!end!product,!LQDOPA,!as!
well!as!the!overall!function!of!these!interneurons.!Here,!the!
phenotype!of!embryonic!TH!immunoreactive!(IR)!interneurons!
was!observed!in!vitro.!Many!TH!neurons!coexpressed!GAD67,!
calretinin,!and!parvalbumin.!Colocalization!with!GAD67!
suggests!the!inhibitory!nature!of!these!interneurons,!while!
colocalization!with!calretinin!and!parvalbumin!suggests!a!
phenotypic!plasticity!of!THQIR!interneurons!grown!in!vitro.!This!
plasticity!may!be!relevant!in!clinical!research!when!the!role!of!
THQexpressing!interneurons!is!better!understood.!
!
66.! Identification(and(Characterization(of(Novel(PSMB10(Splicing(
Variants(in(Colon(Cancer,(Yijia&Li!
Mentor:!Peggy!Richey,!Biochemistry!and!Molecular!Biology!
Proteasomes!are!responsible!for!regulating!protein!
homeostasis!and!important!biological!processes!such!as!the!cell!
cycle!and!apoptosis!signaling.!A!subtype!of!proteasomes,!
immunoproteasomes,!displays!a!faster!response!to!immune!
signaling!than!constitutive!proteasomes!and!has!been!proposed!
to!play!a!role!in!cancer.!!Previous!research!showed!that!
alternative!splicing!of!the!immunoproteasome!subunit!protein,!
PSMB8,!leads!to!faulty!immunoproteasome!assembly!and!
function!in!cancerous!cells.!Lee's!lab!previously!identified!two!
splicing!variants!of!the!PSMB10!subunit!of!
immunoproteasomes!and!wanted!to!determine!the!role!of!
these!alternatively!spliced!proteins!in!cancer.!Results!showed!
that!the!splicing!variants!of!PSMB10!are!prevalent!in!different!
types!of!cancer,!ranging!from!breast!to!colorectal!cancer.!
Expression!constructs!for!each!PSMB10!variant!were!
constructed!to!study!the!effect!of!these!variant!proteins!on!the!
population!and!function!of!immunoproteosomes!in!colon!
cancer.!
!
67.! The(Use(of(Induced(Pluripotent(Stem(Cells(for(Cell(Therapy(of(
Neurological(Disorders,(Hannah&Lifsey!
Mentor:!Steve!Asmus,!Biochemistry!and!Molecular!Biology!
Many!diseases!are!caused!by!cells!that!are!either!dysfunctional!
or!absent!in!the!body.!Therefore,!a!growing!interest!among!
researchers!is!to!replace!these!abnormal!or!dying!cells.!
Embryonic!stem!cells!are!mitotically!active,!immature!cells!that!
are!capable!of!differentiating!into!any!cell!type!in!the!body.!
Induced!pluripotent!stem!cells,!iPSCs,!are!created!from!mature,!
differentiated!cells!of!an!adult!organism.!The!mature!cells!are!
reverted!back!to!their!pluripotent!stem!cell!state.!Due!to!the!
mitotic!and!pluripotent!capabilities!of!these!stem!cells,!a!
growing!area!of!research!has!focused!on!finding!a!way!to!use!
these!iPSCs!in!cell!replacement!therapy.!The!focus!of!my!
research!was!the!use!of!iPSCs!as!a!potential!treatment!for!
demyelinating!disorders.!In!these!studies,!researchers!
successfully!induced!functional!traits!of!glial!cells!from!iPSCs!
and!demonstrated!that!these!cells!can!integrate!into!animal!
models!of!demyelinating!diseases.!
!
68.! Dendritic(Cell(Vaccine(Therapy(for(Cancer,(Catherine&Mannon!
Mentor:!Stephanie!E.!Dew,!Biology!
Current!therapies!for!cancer!are!both!nonQspecific!and!often!
evaded!by!cancerous!stem!cells!that!repopulate!the!tumor.!!
New!therapies!using!the!individuals!own!immune!system!cells!
can!be!used!to!increase!specificity!of!mutant!cells!and!intensity!
of!response.!!The!dendritic!cell!(DC)!is!one!such!immune!cell!
that!is!an!antigenQpresenting!cell.!By!loading!a!DC!with!an!
antigen!it!is!possible!to!specifically!target!a!mutant!cell.!!
However,!this!technique!is!limited!by!cost!as!it!requires!ex!vivo!
loading!of!the!DC!per!each!patient.!!New!technology!may!allow!
for!in!vivo!activation!of!DC!subsets.!Its!efficacy!is!also!limited!
due!to!the!immunosuppressive!environment!of!the!cancer.!!

!
19!
Understanding!the!signaling!of!DC!subsets!may!provide!
alternative!routes!to!increasing!the!therapeutic!response.!
!
69.! Colorism(and(Class(in(America,(Arielle&Donelan!
Mentor:!Andrea!Abrams,!Anthropology!
Can!European!features!and!lighter!skin!tone!lead!to!more!
happiness!for!black!women?!Evidence!suggests!there!are!direct!
links!between!colorism!and!class!within!the!black!community!
and!mainstream!America.!!There!are!proven!physical!
repercussions!of!colorism!that!play!a!role!in!a!woman’s!
experience!of!being!American.!The!European!standard!of!
beauty!is!a!socially!constructed!concept!that!has!stemmed!from!
racism!and!formed!the!systematic!concept!of!colorism.!
According!to!scholars,!colorism!can!be!defined!as!the!privileging!
of!lighter!skin!tones!over!darker!skin!tones.!The!skin!tone!
hierarchies!we!have!been!socialized!to!adhere!to!are!a!
consequence!of!a!history!all!people!share,!stemming!from!the!
days!of!colonization!and!slavery!in!the!Americas.!Colorism!and!
Class!in!America!explores!the!different!ways!this!cultural!issue!
manifests!through!research,!readings,!personal!experience,!and!
participant!interviews!while!providing!a!muchQneeded!look!at!
an!oftenQignored!problem.!
!
70.! Tales(of(the(Heart:(Folktales(of(Avedo,(Rachel&Stivers1Bender!
Mentor:!Andrea!Abrams,!Anthropology!
This!work!analyzes!the!culture!surrounding!folk!stories!and!
their!telling!in!the!village!of!Avedo.!Located!in!the!Volta!region!
in!Ghana,!Avedo!is!a!small!community!based!village!held!
together!by!blood!but!also!by!folk!stories.!It!is!important!to!
study!these!tales!because!they!create!a!window!into!Avedo!
culture!from!an!emic!perspective!as!well!as!shed!light!in!our!
own!culture.!The!stories!were!collected!from!people!of!differing!
age!and!status!in!the!village!in!written!and!media!form.!To!the!
Avedo!community,!stories!are!not!just!a!mere!form!of!
entertainment!but!also!a!tool!for!bridging!different!groups!of!
people!together.!All!are!welcome!to!listen!as!well!as!partake!in!
the!stories!in!the!hope!that!a!piece!of!them!will!stay!with!you.!
What!will!you!take!away?!
!
71.! The(Baptist(Separation,(James&Crumpler!
Mentor:!Rick!Axtell,!Religion!
The!Southern!Baptist!Convention!(SBC)!was!the!largest!
Protestant!denomination!in!the!United!States!in!1979.!From!
1979Q1989,!the!SBC!split!ideologically!between!two!factions,!
Conservative!and!Moderate!Baptists.!!Conservatives!advocated!
for!an!“inerrant”!interpretation!of!the!Bible,!a!purging!of!
“liberalism”!from!Seminaries!with!ties!to!the!SBC,!and!for!a!
renewed!focus!on!evangelism!in!mission!activities.!!Moderates!
defended!the!Bible!without!insisting!on!inerrancy,!wanted!
seminaries!to!remain!open!to!all!perspectives,!and!approached!
missions!as!social!work!and!as!a!means!of!evangelism.!!
Moderates!lost!the!battle!for!control!of!the!SBC,!and,!in!1991,!
formed!the!Cooperative!Baptist!Fellowship!(CBF).!!As!the!CBF!
enters!its!third!decade,!the!result!of!its!founding!has!been!to!
create!a!place!for!Moderates!to!do!ministry!in!good!conscience!
in!the!context!of!their!interpretation!of!basic!Baptist!beliefs.!
!
72.! The(Eve(of(Creation:(A(PsychosocialTDevelopmental(Analysis(
of(Genesis,(Casey&Faist!
Mentor:!David!Hall,!Religion!
The!Genesis!narrative!of!adamah’s!(human's)!creation!and!the!
origins!of!the!Children!of!Israel!is!integrally!linked!with!the!
actions!of!Eve.!In!particular,!the!Yahwistic!account!seems!to!
give!Adam!a!voice!solely!to!emphasize!the!existence!and!
importance!of!Eve!above!all!the!other!creatures!of!Eden:!“This!
at!last!is!flesh!of!my!flesh.”!In!a!tradition!central!to!the!identity!
of!a!tribal!culture!on!the!outskirts!of!supernations,!oral!lessonQ
stories!were!tasked!with!conveying!a!sense!of!self!and!served!to!
unite!culture!crossQ!and!interQgenerationally.!A!common!trend!
among!such!identity!lessonQstories!is!the!psychosocial!
development!from!childhood!to!adulthood,!as!it!involves!the!
building!and!breaking!of!societal!and!cultural!morals.!The!
question!addressed!by!this!research!is:!how!literally!does!the!
Genesis!account!present!the!Israelites!as!the!'children'!of!their!
God?!
!
73.! France’s(Beef(with(Muslim(Immigrants:(a(Threat(to(French(
Identity,(Natalie&Burke!
Mentor:!Patrice!Mothion,!French!
French!national!identity!is!rooted!in!the!history!of!the!French!
people’s!triumph!over!the!powers!of!the!Catholic!Church.!
Laïcité,!a!concept!describing!France’s!separation!of!church!and!
state,!was!established!in!1905!but!has!more!recently!become!a!
hot!topic!among!the!French!people.!With!an!increasing!number!
of!Muslim!immigrants!settling!in!France,!issues!concerning!
secularism!have!entered!the!political!forefront,!among!them!
the!halal!meat!crisis.!The!availability!of!halal!meat,!or!meat!
from!animals!slaughtered!and!prepared!in!accordance!with!
Muslim!religious!doctrine,!has!received!a!lot!of!backlash!within!
the!past!year!and!a!half.!My!research!discusses!the!halal!meat!
crisis!and!its!relationship!to!French!national!identity.!France’s!
problems!with!halal!meat!reflect!the!country’s!panic!over!its!
rising!Muslim!population!and!the!perceived!threat!against!
French!cultural!values.!
!
74.! Modern(French(Foreign(Policy:(Intervention(in(Mali,(Josh&
Hardesty!
Mentor:!Allison!Connolly,!French!
In!early!2013,!French!military!forces!intervened!in!the!North!
African!country!of!Mali!to!assist!the!Malian!government!in!
pushing!AlQQaeda!in!the!Islamic!Maghreb!out!of!its!northern!
territory.!Since!its!intervention!in!Mali,!many!have!questioned!
France’s!intentions!for!aiding!Mali,!particularly!considering!the!
two!countries’!close!historical!relationship,!and!whether!the!
assistance!was!necessary.!In!this!exposé!I!will!examine!the!
relationship!between!the!two!countries!and!discuss!how!
France’s!most!recent!intervention!is!affecting!Mali.!Further,!I!
will!discuss!whether!France’s!willingness!to!aid!Mali!constitutes!
neoQcolonialism!and!how!it!reflects!in!France’s!current!foreign!
policy.!Finally,!I!will!shed!light!on!what!French!assistance!in!Mali!
means!in!the!broader!realm!of!foreign!aid.!
!

!
20!
75.! Gendered(Language(in(French(Philosophy,(Kelly&Knight!
Mentor:!Patrice!Mothion,!French!
Our!discourse!and!all!of!the!real!world!manifestations!that!
come!out!of!it!is!necessarily!shaped!by!the!language!which!it!
makes!use!of.!!French!thought,!as!such,!is!rooted!in!and!tied!to!
the!long!history!of!a!language!whose!deeply!problematic!
implications!for!gender!issues!have!been!brought!to!light!by!
contemporary!feminist!philosophers.!!This!talk!will!outline!
some!of!the!issues!that!can!be!drawn!out!of!a!close!
examination!of!French!language!structures!through!the!lens!of!
feminist!philosophy.!!These!concerns!will!then!be!applied!to!
examples!of!prominent!French!philosophy!to!determine!
whether!the!meanings!or!conclusions!that!can!be!drawn!out!of!
them!are!influenced!by!reading!them!with!gender!issues!in!
mind.!
!
76.! Fairy(Tales(and(Society,(Barbara&Parks!
Mentor:!Allison!Connolly,!French!
This!project!examines!the!history!of!fairy!tales!and!the!
differences!between!the!ones!told!in!France!and!the!United!
States.!Many!of!the!earliest!fairy!tales!were!written!in!
seventeenth!century!France!by!women!as!a!way!to!pass!on!
messages!and!attempt!to!improve!society!in!one!of!the!only!
ways!they!could.!In!telling!these!tales!to!their!children,!they!
would!raise!the!next!generation!to!embody!their!values.!!Today,!
fairy!tales!are!still!used!to!impart!values!and!teach!morals!to!
young!children;!however,!there!are!some!fairly!large!
differences!between!the!traditional!French!and!American!
stories.!This!shows!a!large!difference!between!the!two!cultures’!
philosophies!on!raising!children.!In!my!presentation!I!will!
examine!the!implications!of!these!differences!for!children!as!
well!as!what!these!differences!say!about!French!and!American!
societies!as!a!whole.!
!
77.! Water:(Conflict(of(the(Future,(Ryan&Eldridge!
Mentor:!Cindy!Isenhour,!Environmental!Studies!
The!history!and!dominance!of!Israel!in!the!ArabQIsraeli!conflict!
reflects!their!control!over!water!and!the!oppression!of!
Palestinian!inherent!environmental!human!rights.!These!
violations!of!environmental!human!rights!may!increase!the!
likelihood!of!ongoing!conflict!and!perhaps!future!water!wars,!if!
compromise!is!not!reached.!This!presentation!will!delve!into!
the!topics!of!water!issues!in!general,!while!looking!at!the!
specific!case!of!the!Israeli!–!Palestinian!conflict.!The!main!focus!
this!case!study!attempts!to!provide!is!the!importance!of!water!
in!a!developing!and!expanding!world;!these!environmental!
conflicts!will!continue!to!hold!back!progress!until!something!is!
done!to!resolve!water!distribution.!
!
78.! Beneath(the(Melting(Ice:(The(Race(for(Governance(and(
Natural(Resources(in(a(Transforming(Arctic,(Garrett&Powers!
Mentor:!Cindy!Isenhour,!Environmental!Studies!
Spurred!by!rising!global!temperatures!associated!with!climate!
change,!more!Arctic!sea!ice!melted!in!the!summer!of!2012!than!
any!other!summer!since!records!began.!As!oil!companies,!in!
cooperation!with!Arctic!nations,!move!to!extract!the!newly!
accessible!mineral!resources!beneath!the!Arctic!Ocean,!they!
reinforce!a!positive!feedback!loop!by!engaging!in!practices!that!
caused!ice!melt!in!the!first!place.!This!paper!explores!one!
potential!governance!mechanism!to!incentivize!nonQ
development!of!the!massive!carbon!sink!beneath!the!Arctic!Sea!
floor:!Payments!for!Ecosystem!Services!(PES).!In!this!chaotic!
political!and!geophysical!climate,!institutions!have!the!
opportunity!to!help!mitigate!climate!change!by!keeping!carbon!
stores!under!the!ground.!The!Arctic!Ocean!must!be!understood!
as!a!global!commons!whose!characteristics!are!spatially!and!
politically!diffuse.!In!the!interest!of!the!global!community,!then,!
governance!mechanisms!must!be!adjusted!to!avoid!slipping!
into!undesired!or!dangerous!regimes.!
!
79.! The(Cost(of(PowerT(How(phantom(load(effects(power(
consumption,(Jeffrey&Walters!
Mentor:!Preston!Miles,!Chemistry!
The!purpose!of!this!research!was!to!determine!the!amount!of!
power!drawn!by!common!household!devices!when!they!are!left!
plugged!in!while!in!an!off,!sleep,!or!standby!state,!then!analyze!
the!data!to!determine!how!beneficial!reducing!the!amount!of!
time!such!devices!are!plugged!in!would!be!for!a!consumer.!Data!
was!collected!by!leaving!such!devices!plugged!into!a!power!
socket!while!measuring!the!wattage!drawn,!time!plugged!in,!
and!number!of!kilowattQhours!of!energy!consumed.!To!make!
sense!of!this!data,!a!survey!was!sent!out!to!students!at!Centre!
College!to!determine!average!times!that!each!of!these!devices!
were!plugged!in!during!everyday!student!life.!Finally,!this!data!
was!compared!to!current!energy!pricing!per!kilowattQhour,!
allowing!us!to!quantify!the!cost!of!the!power!draw!and!the!
potential!savings!given!efforts!to!reduce!the!time!that!devices!
are!plugged!in.!
!
80.! Duet(for(One(and(Fantasy(in(Blue:(Music(compositions(from(
the(past(year.,(Morgan&Dixon,&Sarah&Palmer,&and&Joe&Nash&!
Mentor:!Daniel!Worley,!Music!
Duet!for!One:!This!piece!for!solo!trumpet!explores!the!idea!of!
an!unaccompanied!musician!playing!a!duet!with!herself!as!well!
as!the!idea!of!implied!harmonies!on!an!instrument!that!can!
only!play!one!note!at!a!time.!Performed!by!Sarah!Palmer.!!
Fantasy!in!Blue:!This!piano!solo!makes!use!of!an!extended!
harmonic!vocabulary!underlying!!melody!as!well!manipulations!
of!a!repetitive!phrase.!Performer:!Joe!Nash!
!
! !

!
21!
ABSTRACTS:(POSTER(PRESENTATIONS(
!
81.! Basque(Culture(and(the(Mondragón(Corporation,(Chelsea&
Neal!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
The!Mondragón!Corporation!was!founded!in!Mondragón,!
Spain!in!1956!as!an!experiment!in!developing!an!alternative!
form!of!capitalism.!Founded!by!Catholic!priest!Jose!
Arizmendiarrieta!and!his!young!supporters,!the!Mondragón!
Corporation’s!worker!cooperative!allows!workers!to!own!part!
of!the!company!for!which!they!work.!In!my!presentation,!I!will!
examine!the!ways!in!which!the!Mondragón!Corporation!owes!
its!success!to!the!conditions!created!by!the!Basque!culture.!
The!religion,!emphasis!on!the!working!class,!nationalist!
sentiments,!and!affinity!for!social!and!political!discourse!in!
Mondragón!all!contribute!to!the!success!of!the!worker!
cooperative!in!this!particular!region.!
!
82.! Characterization(of(a(Novel(TIMPTlike(Protein(in(a(Vertebrate(
Courtship(Pheromone(Mixture,(Catherine&Mannon!
Mentor:!January!Haile,!Chemistry!
To!increase!female!receptivity!during!courtship,!the!male!
salamander!Plethodon!shermani!delivers!nonQvolatile!
pheromones!from!his!submandibular!gland!to!the!females!
nares.!One!protein!in!the!pheromone!extract,!C3,!has!no!
known!biological!function!yet!comprises!10%!of!the!extract.!Its!
sequence!suggests!similarity!to!TIMPs!(Tissue!Inhibitors!of!
Metalloproteinases).!TIMPs!inhibit!Matrix!MetalloQproteinases!
(MMPs),!which!act!in!the!extracellular!matrix!to!regulate!
tissue!growth.!C3!may!act!within!the!male!gland!to!regulate!
seasonal!growth!during!the!courtship!season.!The!goal!of!the!
present!study!is!to!purify!C3!antibodies!from!antiserum!using!
a!C3Qagarose!column!and!study!its!potential!TIMP!activity.!The!
purified!αC3!specificity!was!demonstrated!by!Western!Blot!
analysis!and!will!be!used!in!immunohistochemical!procedures!
to!detect!when!and!where!C3!is!synthesized!and!stored.!
Though!a!preliminary!experiment!suggests!C3!does!not!inhibit!
human!MMPs,!C3!may!specifically!inhibit!salamander!MMPs.!
!
83.! The(Ecological(Impact(of(India’s(cattle,(Brooks&Johnson&and&
Woody&Rini!
Mentor:!Christine!Shannon,!Computer!Science!
Our!research!investigated!the!ecological!impact!of!cattle!in!
India!through!the!use!of!an!agentQbased!computational!
modeling!environment,!NetLogo.!!We!obtained!qualitative!
data!about!India’s!human!and!cattle!populations!as!well!as!the!
distribution!of!different!religious!groups!in!India!to!recreate!a!
lifelike!environment!in!our!model.!In!order!to!compare!the!
usefulness!of!cattle!for!traction,!dung!and!milk!versus!their!
usefulness!as!food,!we!created!three!separate!modeling!
environments:!where!no!cows!were!eaten,!where!cows!were!
eaten!only!when!an!individual!had!run!out!of!other!food,!and!
where!cows!could!be!generally!eaten!to!some!extent.!We!plan!
to!examine!how!these!environments!compare!and!contrast!
and!use!them!to!raise!further!questions!about!the!
contribution!of!cattle!to!the!ecology!of!India.!
!
84.! PhysicallyTMotived(Computer(Models(of(Snow(Crystal(
Growth,(Everett&Boyer!
Mentor:!Jim!Kelly,!Physics!
Attempts!to!simulate!the!growth!of!snow!crystals!from!water!
vapor!on!a!computer!have!met!with!limited!success!until!fairly!
recently.!In!the!past!few!years!new!models!based!on!local!
cellular!automata!have!shown!growth!features!that!
qualitatively!match!the!characteristics!of!real!snow!crystals!
quite!well.!At!the!same!time!such!models!have!been!criticized!
for!being!largely!adQhoc,!incorporating!little!known!physics!
and!many!free!parameters.!This!Poster!outlines!the!results!we!
have!achieved!and!our!development!of!a!cellular!automaton!
model!that!attempts!to!address!the!criticisms!while!preserving!
the!qualitative!agreement.!
!
85.! Influence(of(the(Flamenco(in(Granada,(Spain,(Celeste&Hurst!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
I!will!investigate!how!development!of!tablaos,!a!
modernization!of!the!traditional!café!in!Granada!where!the!
flamenco!is!danced,!provides!the!gypsy!population!with!a!
symbolic!home!through!which!they!can!express!their!nomadic!
culture!and!history.!In!turn,!the!evolution!of!the!tablao!has!
resulted!in!societal!changes,!especially!in!Granada!where!a!
significant!gypsy!population!has!settled!in!the!caves!of!the!
Sacermonte!neighborhood.!I!will!analyze!how!the!settlement!
of!the!gypsy!population!in!this!specific!part!of!Granada!has!
changed!the!culture!and!landscape!of!the!area.!
!
86.! A(Comparison(of(Shifting(Partisan(Identification(and(
Congressional(Gridlock,(Caroline&Snell!
Mentor:!Benjamin!Knoll,!Politics!
This!paper!explores!the!relationship!between!levels!of!
congressional!gridlock!and!levels!of!shifting!partisan!
identification.!With!2.5!million!people!shifting!parties!in!the!
last!four!years,!I!have!analyzed!what!scholars!think!of!the!shift!
in!party!identification,!conducted!research!by!measuring!
congressional!gridlock!by!means!of!the!percentage!of!enacted!
laws!per!Congress,!and!use!of!the!filibuster!for!each!Congress,!
while!controlling!for!the!economic!state!of!the!nation,!and!
finally!I!have!analyzed!what!the!relationship!between!the!two!
variables!actually!means!for!scholars!and!party!leaders,!as!well!
as!the!general!public.!The!overarching!discovery!of!this!
research!study!concludes!that!while!my!original!belief!was!
that!there!would!be!a!positive!relationship!for!the!two!
variables,!the!negative!relationship!showed!that!it!is!when!
there!are!higher!levels!of!congressional!gridlock!that!there!are!
lower!levels!of!partisan!shifting.!
!
87.! Chilean(Identity(from(a(Poet's(Perspective,(Cheyenne&Evans!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
Pablo!Neruda,!one!of!Latin!America’s!most!famous!poets,!
experienced!a!change!in!writing!style!after!being!exiled!by!the!
government!in!1984.!This!exile!forced!him!to!interact!more!
intimately!with!the!citizens!of!his!native!country,!Chile,!and!his!
experiences!altered!the!subject!matter!of!his!works!from!then!

!
22!
on.!I!plan!to!explore!in!depth!portions!of!Neruda’s!Canto!
General,!which!was!written!after!his!exile,!with!specific!
reference!to!his!view!of!Chilean!identity.!The!selected!works!
will!be!analyzed!in!terms!of!poetic!technique!and!historical!
relevance!as!reflections!of!Neruda’s!perspective!of!society.!
!
88.! Characterizing(the(Regenerative(Potential(of(Irradiated(
Cancer(Cell(Populations,(Cole&Steber!
Mentor:!Matthew!R.!Klooster,!Biology!
During!the!summer!of!2012,!I!researched!at!St.!Elizabeth’s!
Medical!Center,!associated!with!Tufts!University!School!of!
Medicine,!through!the!National!Cancer!Institute!ICBP!
Undergraduate!Summer!Research!Fellowship.!!My!project!
sought!to!understand!the!potential!for!glioblastoma!(GBM)!
tumors!to!regenerate!following!primary!treatment,!specifically!
analyzing!the!affect!of!acute!dosage!of!radiation!upon!the!
tumor.!MultiQscale!analysis!of!the!tumor!population!involved!
long!term!cell!culture!following!irradiation,!in!vivo!injection!of!
irradiated!cells,!Cancer!Stem!Cell!targeting!using!flow!
cytometry,!and!gene!expression!analysis.!I!presented!my!
findings!to!other!research!fellows!across!the!country!and!to!
the!researchers!at!the!lab!at!St.!Elizabeth’s.!I!successfully!
passaged!my!long!term!cell!culture!for!57!days!and!
subsequently!examined!the!cell’s!genome!with!Illumina!Global!
Gene!Expression!and!!the!cell’s!expression!of!IL6!,!a!
chemokine,!using!a!western!blot!and!qPCR!after!irradiation.!
!
89.! Treatment(of(Glaucoma(in(a(Primary(Care(Optometry(Clinic,(
Rachel&Muessel!
Mentor:!Chris!Barton,!Biology!
Glaucoma!is!a!common!ocular!disease!in!which!the!optic!nerve!
is!damaged!due!to!abnormally!high!intraocular!pressure!over!
time.!The!normal!range!of!intraocular!pressure!is!between!10!
mmHg!and!21!mmHg.!If!pressure!rises!above!21,!a!patient!is!at!
high!risk!for!the!disease.!Many!factors!can!cause!this!increase!
in!intraocular!pressure,!such!as!poor!blood!circulation!or!
blockage!of!the!trabecular!meshwork!within!the!eye.!If!
untreated,!glaucoma!causes!permanent!blindness.!In!my!
summer!internship!I!worked!with!Dr.!Thomas!Lisle,!in!North!
Vernon,!Indiana.!My!project!involved!the!construction!of!a!
database!of!his!glaucoma!patients.!Once!I!identified!the!
patients,!I!searched!medical!records!to!determine!how!
recently!diagnostic!tests,!such!as!optical!coherence!
tomography!scans!and!visual!field!tests,!had!been!performed.!
Finally,!I!contacted!patients!in!need!of!updated!tests,!arranged!
appointments,!and!performed!the!tests!personally!when!those!
patients!arrived.!This!poster!presents!the!details!of!my!
internship!project,!as!well!as!background!information!relevant!
to!the!diagnosis!and!treatment!of!glaucoma.!
!
90.! Translating(An(Eastern(Decameron,(Sandy&Zhang!
Mentor:!Kyle!Anderson,!Chinese!
I!am!currently!translating!excerpts!from!Jiao!Naifang's!
Dongfang!shi!ri!tan!(2000)!or!An!Eastern!Decameron!as!a!part!
of!a!larger!research!project!for!Dr.!Kyle!Anderson.!Dr.!
Anderson!recently!published!an!article!in!Clio:!A!Journal!of!
Literature,!History!and!Philosophy!(2013)!introducing!the!
academic!world!to!China’s!first!creative!adaptation!of!
Boccaccio’s!classic,!the!Decameron!(1351).!!In!order!to!make!
the!work!more!broadly!accessible,!I!am!helping!to!translate!
the!collection!from!Chinese!into!English.!!The!translation!
process!requires!a!great!deal!of!time!and!attention,!as!well!as!
patience!to!edit!and!reQedit!my!work.!!I!eagerly!anticipate!
seeing!improvements!in!my!Mandarin!and!to!being!part!of!a!
project!that!serves!a!large!audience.!!!
!
91.! The(Guggenheim(Museum(in(Bilbao,(Spain,(Parker&Lawson!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
This!project!examines!the!city!of!Bilbao,!in!the!Basque!country!
of!Spain,!and!how!the!Guggenheim!Bilbao!Museum!has!been!a!
catalyst!for!revitalizing!the!city.!For!decades!following!the!
Franco!dictatorship,!Bilbao!was!economically!depressed!and!
struggled!to!maintain!its!identity.!Following!the!establishment!
of!the!Guggenheim!Bilbao!in!1997,!the!city!experienced!
economic!growth!and!a!renewed!sense!of!pride!developed.!
Importantly,!the!strengthening!of!Basque!nationalism!is!
inherently!linked!with!the!museum’s!success.!The!phrase!“The!
Guggenheim!Effect”!was!coined!to!describe!the!fundamental!
changes!the!museum!has!had!on!Bilbao.!Through!primary!
documents,!quantitative!studies!and!an!analysis!of!the!
museum!itself,!this!project!proves!that!the!revitalization!of!
Bilbao!would!not!have!been!possible!without!the!Guggenheim!
Museum.!This!project!builds!upon!current!scholarship!and!
considers!the!cultural!effects!of!the!museum!in!addition!to!the!
economic!advances!of!Bilbao.!
!
92.! Island(SustainabilityT(Gerace(Research(Centre,(Nicole&Webb!
Mentor:!Brian!L.!Storz,!Biology!
Because!Centre!shows!an!increasing!interest!in!sustainability,!I!
evaluated!the!sustainability!of!one!of!Centre’s!study!abroad!
programs.!The!Gerace!Research!Centre!is!located!on!San!
Salvador!Island!in!the!Bahamas!and!is!the!site!of!a!marine!
biology!study!abroad!course.!During!this!evaluation,!I!asked!
three!major!questions:!What!sustainability!methods!are!in!use!
at!the!GRC!today,!what!is!in!progress,!and!what!limitations!
does!the!GRC!face?!A!major!hallmark!of!the!GRC!is!the!
rainwater!sequestration!system.!Some!major!projects!are!
underway!at!the!GRC,!such!as!the!production!of!biodiesel.!
However,!the!GRC!faces!limitations!due!to!their!island!
location.!I!then!made!suggestions!for!improving!the!GRC’s!
sustainability!while!acknowledging!the!limitations!as!to!what!
projects!are!feasible.!My!suggestions!for!shortQterm!
improvement!addressed!ways!to!reduce!water!and!energy!
usage,!as!well!as!some!longQterm!projects!for!the!GRC.!
!
93.! The(HidroAysen(Dam(Project(in(Patagonia:(Effects(on(the(
Capital(of(Chile,(Michael&Weeks!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
In!my!presentation!I!want!to!explore!the!effect!that!the!
construction!of!the!HidroAysen!dams!will!have!on!Chile,!more!
specifically!Santiago.!I!want!to!compare!and!contrast!the!
social!opinions!and!impact!on!the!people!who!live!in!Santiago!
with!those!who!live!in!the!pueblos!of!Patagonia!in!the!Aysen!

!
23!
region.!I!will!investigate!the!social!and!environmental!impact!
of!building!the!dams.!
94.! Centreterm(2013:(Teaching(English(in(Costa(Rica,(Caroline&
Phelps!
Mentor:!Maria!Galvan,!Spanish!
For!my!RICE!presentation,!I!would!like!to!make!a!poster!that!
examines!my!internship!as!an!ESL!teacher!in!Costa!Rica.!
During!my!time!there,!I!lived!with!a!host!family,!taught!at!
three!different!primary!schools!in!the!rural!communities!of!Las!
Veguitas,!La!Palma,!and!La!Mariposa,!and!tutored!children!in!
the!town!of!Colorado.!Throughout!my!internship!experience!in!
Costa!Rica,!I!learned!a!lot!about!being!a!teacher!and!a!lot!
about!the!culture!of!education!in!rural!Latin!America.!I!learned!
how!to!plan!lessons!and!how!to!effectively!implement!them,!
as!well!as!how!to!improvise!in!the!classroom!when!necessary.!
If!I!choose!a!career!in!education!after!graduating!from!Centre,!
I!feel!confident!that!I!can!handle!teaching!in!diverse!settings!
and!with!a!variety!of!students!and!I!would!love!to!share!this!
valuable!experience!with!the!Centre!community!at!RICE.!
!
95.! Expression(of(PARM1(Protein(in(Ovarian,(Uterine,(Renal,(and(
Cardiac(Tissues,(Jennifer&O'Brien&and&Dr.&Misung&Jo,&UK&
Chandler&Medical&Center!
Mentor:!Mike!Barton,!Biology!
CIPARQ1!(castration!induced!prostate!apoptosis!related!protein!
1)!was!first!studied!as!a!gene!that!is!highly!induced!in!rat!
prostate!cells!following!castration,!and!it!seems!to!reduce!the!
rate!of!apoptosis!by!functioning!as!a!survival!factor.!!This!
protein,!also!known!as!PARM1!(prostate!androgen!regulated!
mucinQlike!protein!1),!is!also!expressed!in!ovary,!peaking!in!
periovulatory!follicles!as!well!as!newly!forming!corpora!lutea,!
though!it!does!seem!to!function!as!a!cell!survival!factor.!
Though!previous!studies!have!show!that!PARM1!is!also!
expressed!in!the!uterus,!placenta,!kidney,!and!heart,!not!much!
is!known!about!where!it!is!specifically!expressed!or!its!purpose!
in!these!tissues.!!Using!immunocytochemistry!and!
fluorescence!microscopy,!we!are!investigating!the!expression!
of!PARM1!in!the!ovary,!kidney,!heart,!and!uterus.!!Initial!
investigation!has!shown!specific!localization!of!protein!in!
ovarian,!uterine,!and!renal!tissues.!
!
96.! Office(for(Women(LouisvilleT(Domestic(Violence(Research,(
Keely&McWhorter!
Mentor:!Andrea!Abrams,!Anthropology!
My!internship!at!the!Office!for!Women!in!Louisville,!Kentucky!
consisted!of!researching!30!different!cases!released!from!
2007Q!2012!by!the!Louisville!Metro!Domestic!Violence!
Prevention!Coordinating!Council.!These!cases!involved!
domestic!violence!fatalities!of!the!primary!victim,!secondary!
victim,!and/or!the!offender.!A!domestic!violence!fatality!is!
defined!by!the!Louisville!Metro!Fatality!Review!Committee!as!
“any!deaths!caused!directly!or!indirectly!by!the!manifestations!
of!domestic!violence.”!These!cases!were!analyzed!using!18!
different!factors,!including!demographics,!relationship!status,!
location!of!incident,!weapon,!domestic!violence!risk!factors,!
etc.!Local!statistics!on!domestic!violence!are!practically!nonQ
existent,!yet!domestic!violence!services!are!provided!at!the!
local!level.!Therefore,!these!cases!were!analyzed!as!
preliminary!research!for!future!endeavors!into!local!domestic!
violence!research.!Hopefully,!the!increase!in!local!research!will!
provide!incentive!for!increasing!domestic!violence!services!in!
areas!of!need.!
!
97.! Resolving(the(genetic(identity(of(Prunus(maritima(var.(
gravesii,(Emily&Badgley!
Mentor:!Matthew!R.!Klooster,!Biology!
The!endangered!coastal!dune!ecosystem!consists!of!extreme!
abiotic!conditions,!providing!a!niche!for!highly!specialized!
organisms.!Due!to!humanQmediated!habitat!destruction,!
endemic!species,!such!as!Prunus!maritima!(Beach!Plum),!are!in!
decline!and!possibly!facing!extinction.!Microsatellite!markers!
and!genotyping!analysis!will!be!used!to!determine!the!amount!
of!genetic!variability!in!a!Connecticut!population!of!P.!
maritima.!These!techniques!will!also!be!used!to!obtain!
molecular!characteristics!that!will!determine!the!relatedness!
of!the!now!“extinct!in!the!wild”!P.!maritima!var.!gravesii,!
which!was!once!endemic!to!this!region.!Molecular!evidence!
from!this!study!will!be!gathered!and!analyzed!alongside!
morphological!data!to!determine!whether!var.!gravesii!merits!
a!species!classification.!
!
98.! In(vitro(testing(of(putative(MurA(inhibitors(through(
malachite(green(activity(assays,(Andrea&Frost!
Mentor:!January!Haile,!Chemistry!
Antibiotic!resistance!necessitates!the!continuous!development!
of!novel!inhibitors!targeting!a!variety!of!bacterial!pathways.!!
The!pathway!for!the!synthesis!of!peptidoglycan,!a!necessary!
component!of!the!bacterial!cell!wall,!is!an!ideal!target!for!
antibiotic!development!for!two!reasons:!1)!the!cell!wall!is!a!
prokaryoteQspecific!structure,!and!2)!the!cell!wall!is!necessary!
for!bacterial!survival.!!MurA,!the!target!of!current!study,!is!the!
enzyme!that!catalyzes!the!first!committed!step!in!
peptidoglycan!synthesis.!!The!central!goal!of!our!project!is!to!
develop!novel!inhibitors!that!competitively!bind!to!the!MurA!
catalytic!sight!for!UDPQNQacetylglucosamine.!!In!an!effort!to!
study!the!effects!of!novel!inhibitors!on!MurA,!the!active!
enzyme!is!purified!in!high!concentrations!and!used!in!in!vitro!
testing!of!the!known!inhibitor,!fosfomycin,!and!other!potential!
inhibitors.!!This!study!seeks!to!determine!the!inhibition!
abilities!of!potential!MurA!inhibitors!through!malachite!green!
assay!techniques.!
!
99.! Bacterial(Cell(Wall:(A(Target(For(Inhibition,(Travis&Carroll!
Mentor:!Jennifer!Muzyka,!Chemistry!
Bacterial!resistance!continues!to!increase.!To!counteract!the!
resistance!of!new!strands!of!bacteria!new!inhibitors!are!being!
attempted.!Because!of!the!wide!spectra!of!possible!bacteria,!
the!Mur!enzymes!have!been!a!targeted!area!for!inhibition.!
The!MurA!enzyme!catalyzes!the!first!committed!step!of!
peptidogylcan!synthesis!and!only!has!one!inhibitor!on!the!
market.!Several!other!potential!inhibitors!saw!synthesis!
attempts!including!TC5!and!TC7.!TC5!was!unsuccessful!but!TC7!
was!synthesized!with!carboxylic!acid!functionality,!which!
showed!promising!results!when!tested!in!molecular!computer!

!
24!
simulators.!VS5!and!VS12!were!remade!in!order!to!be!tested!
in!vitro!and!in!vivo.!
100.!Testing(MurA(Ligands(for(Antibacterial(Activity,(Emily&Dennis!
Mentor:!Peggy!Richey,!Biochemistry!and!Molecular!Biology!
Bacterial!cell!wall!production!is!frequently!targeted!for!
inhibition!by!antibacterial!drugs.!Compounds!that!prevent!
bacterial!cell!wall!production!are!valuable!since!they!have!
negligible!effects!on!humans.!Muzyka!et!al.!identified!over!
1300!chemical!ligands!that!bind!to!the!active!site!of!UDPQNQ!
acetylglucosamine!enolpyruvyltransferase!(MurA),!the!enzyme!
that!catalyzes!the!first!step!in!bacterial!cell!wall!synthesis.!We!
hypothesized!that!some!of!these!MurA!ligands!might!have!
antibacterial!activity!because!binding!to!MurA’s!active!site!
may!prevent!enzyme!activity,!thus!cell!wall!synthesis.!!!Five!of!
these!ligands,!and!two!putative!MurA!inhibitors!synthesized!
by!Muzyka!et!al.,!were!tested!on!four!species!of!bacteria!using!
microtiter!dilution!assays.!!One!ligand,!LT931,!showed!the!
greatest!degree!of!inhibition!and!affected!three!of!the!
bacterial!species.!!However,!none!of!the!ligands!tested!were!
as!inhibitory!as!fosfomycin,!the!only!clinicallyQapproved!MurA!
inhibitor.!
!
101.!Structural(Based(Drug(Design:(Potential(inhibitors(of(MurA,(
Calvin&Cahall!
Mentor:!Jennifer!Muzyka,!Chemistry!
I!worked!under!Dr.!Jennifer!Muzyka!on!the!MurA!Project!
looking!for!potential!inhibitors!of!the!MurA!enzyme.!My!role!
in!this!project!was!in!the!computational!section.!I!used!the!
program!DOCK!6.5!to!model!the!interaction!of!different!
molecular!structures!with!the!MurA!enzyme.!This!program!
would!calculate!the!energy!of!the!interaction!for!the!different!
orientations!and!conformations!of!the!molecule!in!different!
sites!on!the!enzyme.!This!energy!calculation!was!then!used!to!
determine!if!this!interaction!was!favorable!or!not.!Specifically,!
during!Centre!term,!I!looked!at!the!interaction!of!molecules!
with!sites!other!than!the!active!site!of!the!enzyme.!The!
molecules!modeled!were!from!a!paper!that!had!recorded!
inhibition!concentrations,!however!they!are!molecules!that!
had!previously!not!scored!well!when!docked!in!the!active!site!
of!MurA.!
!
102.!Tyrosine(HydroxylaseTProducing(Interneurons(in(the(Human(
Cerebral(Cortex(Do(Not(Colocalize(with(CalciumTBinding(
Proteins(or(the(5HT3a(Serotonin(Receptor,(Eric&Beyerle&and&
Courtney&McKernan!
Mentor:!Steve!Asmus,!Biochemistry!and!Molecular!Biology!
Interneurons!of!the!human!cerebral!cortex!are!of!clinical!
interest!due!to!their!involvement!in!neurological!disorders!
such!as!schizophrenia!and!epilepsy.!One!subset!of!cortical!
interneurons!produces!tyrosine!hydroxylase!(TH)!but!does!not!
produce!any!of!the!other!enzymes!of!the!catecholaminergic!
neurotransmitter!pathway.!By!examining!the!chemical!
phenotype!of!these!TH!neurons,!their!function!may!be!better!
understood.!Previous!research!showed!that!interneurons!in!
the!human!cortex!can!be!divided!into!distinct!subsets!based!
on!their!neurochemical!phenotype.!Here,!colocalization!of!TH!
with!the!calciumQbinding!proteins!parvalbumin,!calretinin!and!
calbindin!and!with!the!serotonin!receptor,!5HT3a!was!studied!
immunohistochemically!in!Brodmann’s!Areas!10!and!24,!areas!
with!the!highest!densities!of!TH!neurons.!No!colocalization!of!
TH!with!any!of!these!markers!was!found,!suggesting!that!
cortical!TH!cells!are!an!enigmatic!subset!of!interneurons!that!
do!not!overlap!with!any!previouslyQdefined!subset.!
!
103.!The(Culture(of(the(Favelas(of(Rio(de(Janeiro:(A(Study(of(
Women's(Issues,(Martin&Carroll!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
The!slums!of!Rio!de!Janeiro,!Brazil,!colloquially!known!as!
favelas,!have!recently!received!a!great!deal!of!attention!in!
response!to!the!upcoming!World!Cup!and!Olympic!Games.!
This!has!shed!light!on!the!many!human!rights!issues!in!the!
favelas,!such!as!women’s!rights.!I!will!examine!the!culture!of!
the!favelas!and!its!treatment!of!women.!
!
104.!Investigation(of(PlantTMade(Cholera(Toxin(B((CTB)(Subunit,(
Bailey&Nelson!
Mentor:!Matthew!R.!Klooster,!Biology!
PlantQmade!pharmaceuticals!(PMPs)!are!relatively!inexpensive!
and!quick!to!make!when!compared!to!traditional,!chemicallyQ
made!pharmaceuticals.!PMPs!can!be!mass!produced!and!they!
are!just!as!effective!as!chemicallyQmade!pharmaceuticals.!
Cholera!is!an!infection!of!the!small!intestines!that!causes!
persistent!diarrhea,!which!can!lead!to!dehydration!and!death!
in!some!severe!cases.!Cholera!is!responsible!for!several!
pandemics!and!it!is!still!causing!death!and!suffering!in!third!
world!countries.!Cholera!is!caused!by!the!bacteria!Vibrio!
cholera,!which!is!composed!of!a!toxic!A!subunit!and!a!nonQ
toxic!B!subunit.!The!B!subunit!(CTB)!can!induce!CTQneutralizing!
antibodies!by!binding!to!GM1Qganglioside!in!intestinal!mucosa!
Dr.!Matoba!and!Dr.!Hamorsky,!at!the!Owensboro!Cancer!
Research!Center,!hypothesize!that!Nicotiana!benthamiana!
plants!can!be!infected!with!recombinant!Tobacco!Mosaic!Virus!
expression!vectors!via!Agrobacterium!tumefaciens.!
Immunological!studies!on!mice!show!that!plantQmade!CTB!is!
just!as!effective!as!traditionallyQmade!CTB.!
!
105.!Nonverbal(Expression(of(Compassion(in(Response(to(
Suffering,(Kelsey&Nelson!
Mentor:!Jennifer!Goetz,!Psychology!
Does!compassion!have!a!facial!expression?!Specifically,!is!
there!evidence!for!an!evolved!nonverbal!expression!for!
compassion?!!For!example,!people!in!all!cultures!of!the!world!
smile!and!crinkle!their!eyes!when!they!feel!happiness.!The!
goal!of!the!present!research!is!to!see!if!compassion!also!has!a!
reliable!expression.!In!the!present!study,!participants!(N!=!25)!
were!videotaped!while!viewing!photographs!of!a!variety!of!
suffering!and!nonQsuffering!targets:!adults,!children,!and!
babies.!We!then!coded!participants'!spontaneous!nonverbal!
expressions!based!on!the!Facial!Action!Coding!System!(Ekman,!
1978).!Analyses!revealed!consistent!and!distinct!expression!
components!in!response!to!suffering!versus!nonQsuffering!
targets.!Participants!showed!more!hypothesized!
compassionate!expressions!in!response!to!suffering!than!nonQ
suffering!targets.!In!contrast,!participants!showed!more!smiles!

!
25!
in!response!to!nonQsuffering!than!suffering!targets.!This!study!
provides!a!better!understanding!on!what!elicitors!evoke!the!
strongest!compassionate!response.!
!
106.!Prehabilitation,(Individual(Voir(Dire,(and(Detecting(
Prospective(Juror(Bias:(The(Trayvon(Martin(Case,(Kary&Stivers&
and&Hillary&Henize!
Mentor:!Mykol!C.!Hamilton,!Psychology!
This!study!demonstrates!how!current!practices!in!voir!dire!jury!
selection!can!lead!prospective!jurors!to!conceal!antiQ
defendant!bias.!NinetyQeight!participants!completed!an!
opinion!survey!after!viewing!publicity!from!the!Trayvon!
Martin!murder!trial.!In!the!baseline!condition,!participants!
responded!while!imagining!discussing!their!opinions!with!
friends.!In!the!experimental!condition,!they!read!what!we!call!
“prehabilitative”!judge!instructions,!which!increase!social!
desirability!pressure,!then!answered!as!if!they!were!in!an!
individual!voir!dire!interview.!Participants!in!the!Friend!
condition!admitted!significantly!more!antiQdefendant!bias!on!
four!of!six!measures.!In!light!of!these!results,!we!suggest!
modification!of!current!voir!dire!techniques!for!the!
improvement!of!juror!bias!identification.!
!
107.!Identification(of(Assay(Candidate(Inhibitors(for(Antibacterial(
Activity,(Megan&Phelps!
Mentor:!Peggy!Richey,!Biochemistry!and!Molecular!Biology!
Peptidoglycan!in!the!bacterial!cell!wall!is!frequently!targeted!
for!inhibition!by!antibacterial!compounds!due!to!its!absence!in!
human!cells.!These!inhibitory!compounds,!termed!antibiotics,!
are!effective!because!they!confer!negligible!effects!on!
humans.!Muzyka!et!al.!identified!over!1300!chemical!ligands!
that!bind!to!the!active!site!of!UDPQNQacetylglucosamine!
enolpyruvyltransferase!(MurA),!the!enzyme!that!catalyzes!the!
first!step!in!peptidoglycan!synthesis.!Muzyka!et!al.!also!
synthesized!several!putative!MurA!ligands.!Five!of!the!MurA!
ligands!were!tested!to!determine!if!they!inhibited!bacterial!
growth.!Microtiter!dilution!assays!were!used!to!expose!four!
different!bacteria!to!a!ligand!and!growth,!as!indicated!by!
turbidity,!was!quantified!using!a!spectrophotometer.!Of!the!
ligands!tested,!the!most!inhibitory!was!VS5,!which!inhibited!
the!growth!of!all!four!bacteria.!However,!none!of!the!tested!
ligands!inhibited!bacterial!growth!as!effectively!as!fosfomycin,!
the!only!clinically!approved!MurA!inhibitor.!
!
108.!A(Comparison(of(Food(and(NonTFood(Stimuli(Across(BMI,(
Julie&Fleming&and&Annie&Wigginton!
Mentor:!Jan!Wertz,!Psychology!
Obesity!is!a!major!public!health!concern!in!the!United!States,!
with!a!prevalence!of!over!30%!in!2009!(Barry!et!al.,!2009).!
Much!controversy!surrounds!the!causes!of!obesity,!including!
eating!behavior,!lack!of!physical!activity,!depression,!genetics,!
and!food!addiction!(Liu,!2005).!Previous!research!has!been!
conducted!to!study!the!relation!between!food!stimuli!and!
food!addiction.!The!current!experiment!examines!the!relation!
between!physiological!responses!to!food!vs.!nonQfood!stimuli!
commercials!and!BMI.!A!previous!study!(Greer!et!al.,!2012)!
used!a!betweenQparticipant!design!and!did!not!require!fasting.!
This!study!utilized!a!withinQparticipant!design!and!required!
participants!to!fast!for!a!minimum!of!4!hours.!!It!was!
hypothesized!that!participants’!physiological!responses!(e.g.,!
heart!rate)!to!food!stimuli!would!be!directly!correlated!with!
BMI;!however!this!hypothesis!was!not!supported.!The!mean!
change!in!participants’!physiological!responses!between!the!
food!and!nonQfood!stimuli!was!also!not!significant.!
!
109.!TransMilenio:(the(Continuation(of(Marginalization,(William&
Troy!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
TransMilenio!is!a!public!bus!transportation!system!first!
introduced!to!Bogotá,!Colombia!in!2000.!!The!transit!system!is!
an!illustration!of!the!city’s!rapid!urbanization!in!recent!
decades!and!has!provided!the!city!and!its!residents!with!
improved!mobility.!!But,!in!the!face!of!this!improved!transport!
infrastructure!the!bus!system!has!attracted!protests!and!
criticisms,!too.!!Scholars!and!city!dwellers!argue!that!the!
system!neglects!the!periphery!of!the!city!and!the!poorer!
populations!which!live!there.!!I!intend!to!analyze!the!
TransMilenio!system,!taking!into!account!what!the!system!
adds!to!the!city!layout!and!people!and,!more!importantly,!
what!it!fails!to!do!and!who!it!continues!to!marginalize.!
!
110.!Comparative(Analyses(of(Genetic(Diversity(in(Modern(and(
Historic(Populations(of(Prunus(maritima,(Katie&Roland!
Mentor:!Matthew!R.!Klooster,!Biology!
HumanQmediated!habitat!loss!is!the!major!cause!of!recent!
species!extinction!across!the!globe.!Natural!dune!habitats!on!
the!northeastern!coast!of!the!United!States!have!been!
particularly!devastated!in!the!past!100!years,!through!mass!
urbanization!and!development!leading!to!the!decline!of!
several!ecologically!important!species.!One!such!species!of!
conservation!concern!is!Prunus!maritima!(Beach!Plum),!a!
woody!shrub!strictly!endemic!to!this!coastal!dune!habitat.!
Microsatellite!markers!will!be!used!to!characterize!the!
surviving!P.!maritima!populations,!and!compare!these!to!
historic!specimens!held!at!the!Harvard!University!herbarium.!
This!comparative!analysis!will!be!useful!for!determining!
potential!losses!of!genetic!diversity!that!have!occurred!over!
the!past!100+!years.!!Results!will!then!be!broadly!applied!to!
determine!how!habitat!loss!has!affected!species!endemic!to!
the!coastal!dune!ecosystem,!which!will!inform!conservation!
efforts!and!management!strategies.!
!
111.!Jaw(and(Dentition(Development(in(Cyprinodon(Morphs(on(
San(Salvador(Island,(Bahamas,(Emily&Madden!
Mentor:!Mike!Barton,!Biology!
At!least!three!distinct!morphs!of!the!pupfish!genus!
Cyprinodon!are!known!from!San!Salvador!Island,!Bahamas.!
The!“normal”!morph!is!represented!by!C.!variegatus;!this!
morph!is!believed!to!have!given!rise!to!two!genetically!distinct!
morphs!named!“bozo”!and!“bulldog”!for!their!distinctive!jaw!
structure.!The!development!of!jaw!and!dental!structure!was!
investigated!in!the!normal!and!bozo!morphs!in!an!attempt!to!
correlate!this!development!with!observed!differences!in!larval!
and!adult!feeding!habits.!Larvae!of!the!“normal”!and!“bulldog”!

!
26!
morphs!were!reared!in!the!laboratory,!individuals!of!selected!
sizes!were!preserved!and!the!jaws!and!teeth!analyzed!using!
scanning!electron!microscopy.!Our!investigations!reveal!
differences!in!the!developmental!trajectory!of!the!
premaxillary!and!dentary!bones!in!the!jaw!and!also!suggest!a!
correlation!of!dental!ontogeny!with!presumed!feeding!
strategies!of!larval!cyprinodont!fishes.!
!
112.!Changing(Family(Structure(in(Bogota,(Colombia,(Elizabeth&Ko!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
For!my!RICE!presentation,!I!plan!to!investigate!the!structure!of!
families!in!Bogota,!Colombia.!My!three!main!points!of!
investigation!are!the!changing!role!of!women,!increased!
violence!in!the!street,!and!modernization!in!terms!of!
increased!social!mobility,!urban!migration,!and!socioQ
economic!development.!I!will!begin!with!the!Spanish!
colonization!and!focus!on!three!main!points!in!history,!La!
Patria!Boba,!La!Guerra!de!los!1000!Dias,!and!Sindicatos.!
!
113.!Art(in(Ciudad(Juarez,(Preetha&Suresh!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
I!intend!to!investigate!the!impact!of!art!on!Ciudad!Juarez.!
After!two!decades!of!violence!against!women,!stemming!from!
the!increase!of!maquiladoras!and!the!strong!tradition!
opposing!the!rise!of!independent!women,!citizens!and!the!
government!of!Ciudad!Juarez!have!striven!to!change!the!
notoriety!associated!with!the!city.!They!have!advocated!for!
and!created!art!in!public!spaces!to!help!grow!the!community!
and!heal!the!hurt!it!has!faced!in!the!past!two!decades.!
!
114.!Economic(and(Cultural(Impacts(of(Nationalist(Terrorism(in(
the(Basque(Country(of(Spain,(Drew&Redmond!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
The!Basque!country!of!NorthQEast!Spain!has!a!long!history!of!
nationalism!characterized!by!a!strong!desire!for!
independence.!The!Basque!people!are!incredibly!proud!and!
with!this!extreme!sense!of!pride!comes!extreme!
demonstrations!orchestrated!by!revolutionary!leaders.!
Unfortunately,!beginning!in!the!1960’s!many!of!these!
revolutionary!demonstrations!took!on!terroristic!forms.!The!
impact!of!these!acts!deeply!affected!the!Basque!culture,!its!
citizens,!and!its!economy.!In!this!paper!the!effects!of!
nationalist!terrorism!will!be!analyzed!in!regard!to!Basque!
economy!and,!by!extension,!its!people.!
!
115.!Synthesizing(Synesthesia,(Sara&Loy&and&Eric&Theodore!
Mentor:!Bill!Andrus,!Studio!Art!
Synesthesia,!often!called!a!“crossing!of!the!senses,”!has!been!
studied!empirically!by!scientists!and!creatively!by!individual!
artists.!Yet!an!artistic!collaboration,!combining!two!distinct!
types!of!synesthesia!into!one!creative!representation,!has!not!
been!fully!explored!by!either!scientists!or!artists.!Therefore,!
using!acrylic!on!canvas,!we!have!attempted!to!present!the!
spatialQsequence!synesthesia!Sara!Loy!experiences!and!the!
graphemeQcolor!synesthesia!Eric!Theodore!experiences.!The!CQ
shaped!arc!of!the!painting!represents!the!shape!and!
components!of!the!calendar!year!as!Loy!perceives!them,!while!
the!choice!of!colors!represents!the!names!and!dates!of!the!
year!as!Theodore!perceives!them.!This!project!has!allowed!us!
to!come!to!a!fuller!understanding!of!how!we!individually!
experience!synesthesia.!The!painting!represents!as!close!to!a!
firsthand!knowledge!of!our!synesthesias!as!we!can!make!
visually!possible,!offering!another!component!to!the!growing!
field!of!synesthesia!research.!
!
116.!Body(Satisfaction,(Rachel&Brannen&and&Lillian&Semedo!
Mentor:!Jan!Wertz,!Psychology!
In!the!United!States,!the!prevalence!of!eating!disorders!has!
drastically!increased,!with!10!million!women!presently!
suffering!from!an!eating!disorder!(NEDA,!2011).!This!study!
attempts!to!determine!whether!the!difference!between!ideal!
and!actual!BMI!was!associated!with!the!presence!of!an!eating!
disorder.!The!study!also!evaluated!the!extent!to!which!an!
individual!would!go!to!avoid!being!overweight.!Statistical!
results!revealed!a!significant!difference!between!participants’!
actual!and!ideal!BMIs,!(t!=6.292,!p!=.000),!with!the!ideal!BMI!
being!less!than!the!actual.!There!was!also!a!significant!
correlation!between!participants’!actual!BMI!and!responses!to!
the!body!dissatisfaction!subscale!of!the!EDIQ3,!(r!=!.451,!p!=!
.001);!however!there!was!not!a!correlation!between!ideal!BMI!
and!the!Body!Dissatisfaction!subscale.!Results!revealed!that!
on!average,!undergraduate!women!are!dissatisfied!with!their!
current!BMI!and!would!rather!be!either!thinner!or!taller.!
!
117.!Security(in(Managua,(Nicaragua,(Henok&Tensae!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
In!Managua,!Nicaragua!national!security!is!always!a!major!
concern!especially!during!the!election!season.!With!the!
Sandinista!party!gaining!and!losing!presidency!consistently!
over!the!last!20!years,!the!lack!of!security!in!the!capital!city!of!
Managua!is!a!constant!threat!to!the!Nicaraguan!society.!With!
government!policies!aiming!towards!regulating!threats!like!
gang!activity,!the!government!attempts!to!give!the!assurance!
of!security!to!its!people.!This!assurance!seems!to!be!
emphasized!only!during!the!period!of!elections,!indicating!that!
the!then!government!would!only!implement!policies!aimed!at!
national!security!only!to!protect!the!political!party’s!best!
interest!of!securing!presidency.!I!will!investigate!the!use!of!
government!policies!and!examine!how!it!altered!the!level!of!
security!through!analysis!of!how!it!has!affected!the!
Nicaraguan!society.!
!
118.!Comparing(Primary(Education(in(Costa(Rica(and(the(United(
States:(An(Internship(Abroad,(Sarah&Lulich!
Mentor:!Julie!James,!Spanish!
Teaching!English!as!a!Second!Language!has!consistently!been!a!
popular!program!for!many!U.S.!college!students!looking!to!
take!their!studies!abroad.!However,!the!cultural!gap!between!
the!foreign!educator!and!his/her!students!can!often!limit!the!
learning!process.!It!is!therefore!important!to!attempt!to!
understand!the!culture!and!its!educational!system!before!
embarking!on!such!an!endeavor.!This!past!Centreterm,!I!
traveled!to!Costa!Rica!to!teach!English!as!a!Second!Language!

!
27!
in!two!primary!schools.!Holding!classes!triQweekly!for!
students,!the!objectives!were!simple:!to!assess!the!students'!
comprehension,!provide!a!foundation!for!students!for!a!future!
education!of!the!English!language,!and!to!serve!as!a!positive!
ambassador!for!the!United!States.!I!encountered!differences!
in!the!educational!systems!and!learning!techniques!among!
American!and!Costa!Rican!students.!In!my!presentation,!I!will!
discuss!the!similarities,!differences,!and!challenges!I!
experienced!in!Costa!Rica.!
!
119.!The(Effects(of(Traditions(on(the(Social(Structure(and(National(
Pride(of(Guadalajara,(Mexico,(Cody&Mitchell!
Mentor:!Núria!Sabaté,!Spanish!
Guadalajara,!in!the!state!of!Jalisco!in!western!Mexico,!is!the!
second!largest!city!in!Mexico!behind!the!capital!and!is!
continuing!to!grow!today.!Along!with!this!unprecedented!
growth!comes!the!existence!and!division!of!social!classes.!I!
plan!to!explore!the!use!of!traditions!and!art!as!social!reactions!
and!forms!of!expression!for!the!various!social!classes!found!in!
Guadalajara.!My!research!will!include!inQdepth!observations!of!
charreadas!(rodeos),!mariachi!music,!urban!murals,!and!
devotion!to!different!Guadalajara!soccer!teams!with!the!hope!
of!arriving!at!conclusions!that!demonstrate!how!social!classes!
relate!and!attach!themselves!to!these!traditions!in!
Guadalajara.!
!
120.!Crystallization(of(Illicit(Drugs,(Daniel&Wicker!
Mentor:!Leonard!Demoranville,!Chemistry!
Ion!mobility!spectrometry,!a!commonly!used!tool!to!screen!for!
the!presence!of!trace!chemicals,!is!advantageous!because!of!
its!low!cost!and!fast!analysis!time.!!These!advantages!are!
applied!to!the!trace!detection!of!illicit!drugs!and!explosives.!!
An!area!of!interest!is!screening!for!methamphetamine!and!
other!compounds!during!illicit!drug!lab!remediation.!In!order!
for!screenings!to!be!possible,!certain!test!materials!are!
required.!Such!test!materials!have!been!developed!for!
explosives,!but!not!for!illicit!drugs.!It!is!known!dry!deposits!are!
required!for!successful!explosive!test!materials.!The!same!dry!
deposits!are!needed!for!test!materials!used!with!illicit!drugs.!
In!order!achieve!dry!deposits!for!illicit!drug!test!materials,!
methamphetamine,!heroin,!and!cocaine!have!been!tested!in!a!
series!of!solvents.!Crystallization!was!observed!by!optical!
microscopy.!The!presented!results!will!show!optimum!
crystallization!is!achieved!using!several!alcohols.!
!
121.!Humanitarianism(as(a(career:(urbanization(and(emergencies,(
Ibrahim&Jadoon!
Mentor:!Stephanie!E.!Dew,!Biology!
I!was!a!research!assistant!at!the!Harvard!Humanitarian!
Initiative!(HHI)!in!the!Urbanization!and!Emergencies!Program.!
HHI!is!a!universityQwide!center!promoting!evidenceQbased!
approaches!to!humanitarian!assistance.!!!!In!2008—for!the!
first!time—the!majority!of!the!world!lived!in!cities.!Today,!
proportionally!more!disasters!occur!in!urban!areas,!while!
urban!slums!housing!the!“bottom!billion”!often!have!living!
conditions!worse!than!disaster!areas.!Yet,!these!urban!
environments!are!relatively!foreign!to!humanitarian!
organizations!(e.g.,!2010!Haiti!earthquake)!and!significant!
research!is!required.!!!!My!research!focused!on!urban!refugee!
integration.!Refugees!are!a!particularly!vulnerable!population!
within!urban!slums.!I!analyzed!63!pages!of!interview!
transcripts!collected!from!urban!refugees!and!host!
communities!living!in!Nairobi,!Kenya!in!June!2012.!From!this!
analysis,!we!are!creating!a!tool!to!measure!urban!refugee!
integration.!This!tool!will!encourage!NGOs!and!IGOs!to!
develop!and!evaluate!programs!targeting!urban!refugees.!
!
122.!The(Relation(Between(Coping,(Control(Style,(and(Stress(in(
College(Students,(Katie&Stevenson&and&Alex&Nelson!
Mentor:!Aaron!Godlaski,!Psychology!
Understanding!the!underlying!cognitive!and!behavioral!
mechanisms!that!predict!stress!is!one!means!of!helping!
students!improve!their!capacity!to!cope.!This!study!was!
designed!to!assess!the!potential!interaction!between!two!
established!correlates!of!stress,!avoidant!coping!(a!behavioral!
strategy),!and!locus!of!control!(a!cognitive!style).!The!
cognitiveQrelational!theory!of!stress!posits!that!behavioral!
outcomes!for!managing!stress!are!directly!related!to!the!
cognitive!appraisal!of!an!individual’s!perceived!level!of!agency!
in!a!situation.!Therefore,!we!expected!individuals!who!are!
prone!to!experience!life!events!as!outside!their!capacity!to!
control!would!also!generally!engage!in!more!avoidant!
behavioral!coping!strategies,!and!given!the!inefficiency!of!such!
strategies,!they!would!perceive!their!stress!as!more!severe.!
We!assessed!the!potential!interaction!between!these!
characteristics!in!the!prediction!of!perceived!stress!with!the!
use!of!selfQreport!measures!in!a!sample!of!undergraduate!
college!students.!
!
123.!PeptideTlinked(metal(chelators:(a(possible(treatment(for(
Alzheimer's(Disease,(Diane&Begemann!
Mentor:!Kerry!A.!Pickin!Paumi,!Chemistry!
Alzheimer’s!Disease!is!a!neurodegenerative!disorder!with!a!
complex!and!multifaceted!pathology.!!Our!work!studies!a!
single!facet;!plaque!formation!in!the!brain!called!AmyloidQβ.!!
AmyloidQβ!is!a!peptide!polymer!formed!by!aggregation!of!
small!40!or!42!amino!acid!peptide!sequences.!!The!
aggregation!process!is!directed!by!core!amino!acids!on!the!
peptide!(sequences!KLVFFAE!and!GxMxG)!and!results!in!the!
formation!of!long!fibrils.!!Aggregation!is!amplified!by!
biologically!relevant!metal!ions,!zinc!and!copper.!!Our!work!
focuses!on!developing!inhibitors!designed!to!interfere!with!
peptide!aggregation!though!a!series!of!carefully!designed!
peptideQlinked!metal!chelators!designed!to!disrupt!key!
peptide!interactions!and!remove!metal!ions!from!the!system.!!
We!have!prepared!complementary!peptide!sequences,!and!
attached!organic!metal!chelators!to!sequester!biologically!
relevant!metal!ions.!!Future!goals!include!in!vivo!analysis!of!
the!most!successful!peptide!linked!metal!chelators!using!yeast!
and!human!models.!
!

124.!Knocking(Down(AANAT(in(Chicken(Pinealocytes,(Lyndsey&
Riddell!
Mentor:!Peggy!Richey,!Biochemistry!and!Molecular!Biology!
Circadian!rhythms!are!present!in!a!wide!array!of!organisms,!
ranging!from!humans!to!prokaryotic!cyanobacteria.!Circadian!
rhythms!have!three!defining!characteristics:!an!endogenous!
oscillation!with!a!free!running!period!(FRP)!of!about!24!hours,!
the!ability!to!synchronize!to!environmental!cuesQor!
entrainment,!and!temperature!compensation.!Melatonin,!a!
hormone!crucial!in!circadian!rhythms,!is!secreted!in!the!pineal!!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
DISCIPLINE(INDEX(
28! !
gland.!AANAT!(arylalkylamine!NQacetyltransferase)!is!an!
enzyme!that!regulates!the!conversion!of!serotonin!to!NQacetyl!
serotonin!in!the!biosynthesis!of!melatonin.!In!order!to!
determine!how!circadian!rhythms!regulate!melatonin!
production!we!knocked!down!the!chicken!aanat!gene!using!
morpholino.!Morpholinos!are!antisense!oligonucleotides!that!
bind!to!specific!mRNAs,!inhibiting!the!translation!of!a!protein!
of!interest.!The!aanat!morpholino!successfully!knocked!down!
the!expression!of!aanat!in!chicken!pinealocytes!as!evident!in!
the!decrease!of!aanat!mRNA,!AANAT,!and!melatonin!
secretion.!
!
!
Each!number!corresponds!to!a!presentation!number,!not!a!page!number.!
!
!
!
!
Anthropology! 13,!21,!36,!69,!70,!96!
French! 33,!34,!35,!73,!74,!75,!76!
Art!History! 62!
Behavioral!Neuroscience! 9,!10,!12,!41,!49!
Biochemistry!and!
!!Molecular!Biology!
Biology!
Chemistry!
Chinese! 90!
Computer!Science! 8,!20,!83!
23,!65,!66,!67,!100,!102,!107,!
124!
25,!26,!27,!28,!61,!68,!88,!89,!
92,!95,!97,!104,!110,!111,!
121!
11,!18,!19,!22,!59,!79,!82,!98,!
99,!101,!120,!123!
Economics! 1,!2,!3,!4,!43,!53!
Education! 55!
English! 54!
Environmental!Studies! 77,!78!
!
History! 15,!46,!63,!64!
International!Studies! 45,!47!
Mathematics! 44,!57,!60!
Music! 80!
Philosophy! 29,!30,!31!
Physics! 58,!84!
Politics! 6,!7,!32,!48,!56,!86!
Psychology!
5,!17,!24,!50,!51,!52,!105,!
106,!108,!116,!122!
Religion! 14,!16,!71,!72!
Sociology! 42!
Spanish!
Studio!Art! 115!
!
37,!38,!39,!40,!81,!85,!87,!91,!
93,!94,!103,!109,!112,!113,!
114,!117,!118,!119!

NAME%INDEX%
Abrams,!A.,!13,!36,!69,!70,!96! Eldridge,!R.,!77! Lawson,!P.,!91! Regen,!P.,!135!
Alley,!L.,!22! Ensign?George,!H.,!62! LeBlond,!E.,!41! Richey,!P.,!66,!100,!107,!124!
Anastasio,!A.,!11! Evans,!C.,!87! Lewis,!B.,!12! Riddell,!L.,!124!
Anderson,!K.,!90! Fabritius,!S.,!61! Li,!Y.,!66! Rieskamp,!J.,!50!
Andrus,!B.,!115! Faist,!C.,!72! Li,!Y.,!48! Rini,!W.,!83!
Asmus,!S.,!23,!65,!67,!102! Fleming,!J.,!108! Lifsey,!H.,!67! Roland,!K.,!110!
Atkins,!J.,!55! Freytag,!S.,!28! Loy,!S.,!115! Rosado,!R.,!136!
!
Axtell,!R.,!71! Frost,!A.,!98! Lulich,!S.,!118! Sabaté,!N.,!81,!85,!87,!91,!93,!
Badgley,!E.,!97! Gakpo,!A.,!55! Lynch,!K.,!33! !!103,!109,!112?114,!117,!119!
Badie,!D.,!32,!48! Galindo,!L.,!13! Madden,!E.,!111! Sar,!K.,!31!
Barrett,!D.,!54! Galvan,!M.,!94! Mannon,!C.,!68,!82! Sauley,!B.,!43!
Barton,!C.,!89! Gidcomb,!M.,!8! Martin,!A.,!131! Semedo,!L.,!116!
Barton,!M.,!95,!111! Godlaski,!A.,!122! Maupin,!L.,!54! Shannon,!C.,!83!
Baylis,!C.,!21! Goetz,!J.,!24,!105! McKernan,!C.,!102! Skogsberg,!K.,!10,!12,!41!
Beaudoin,!S.,!46! Gordon,!C.,!27! McWhorter,!K.,!96! Smalley,!K.,!34!
Begemann,!D.,!123! Haile,!J.,!22,!82,!98! Mescher,!M.,!10! Snell,!C.,!86!
Bellver,!P.,!37,!38,!39,!40! Hall,!D.,!72! Midkiff,!E.,!5! Spangler,!A.,!51!
Benham,!C.,!12! Hallquist,!C.,!5! Miles,!P.,!79! Springate,!J.,!18!
Beyerle,!E.,!37,!102! Hamilton,!M.,!17,!52,!106! Miller,!D.,!56! Steber,!C.,!88!
Bickner,!G.,!65! Hamm,!M.,!63! Miller,!E.,!132! Stevenson,!K.,!12,!122!
Birmingham,!A.,!38! Han,!S.,!44! Miller,!W.,!13! Stivers,!K.,!106!
Bloom,!J.,!62! Hardesty,!J.,!74! Mire,!J.,!42! Stivers?Bender,!R.,!70!
Boerrigter,!A.,!49! Harris,!C.,!54! Mitchell,!C.,!39,!119! Stonedahl,!F.,!8!
Botts,!H.,!125! Hartmann?Mahmud,!L.,!45,!47! Montes,!C.,!133! Storz,!B.,!25,!27,!28,!92!
Boyer,!E.,!20,!84! Hazel,!I.,!64! Montgomery,!E.,!18! Strey,!K.,!50!
Brannen,!R.,!116! Heath,!J.,!44,!57! Moore,!E.,!51! Sullivan,!B.,!63!
Bredar,!A.,!54! Henize,!H.,!52,!106! Morris,!C.,!134! Suresh,!P.,!113!
Brown,!R.,!126! Horn,!M.,!25! Mothion,!P.,!33,!73,!75! Tensae,!H.,!117!
Bugg,!S.,!23! Horrell,!N.,!49! Muessel,!R.,!89! Theodore,!E.,!115,!137!
Burke,!N.,!17,!73! Howell,!M.,!60! Muzyka,!J.,!19,!99,!101! Thout,!S.,!5,!51!
Burns?Cusato,!M.,!9,!49! Hurley,!A.,!26! Nash,!J.,!80! Thudium,!L.,!15!
Butler,!A.,!13! Hurst,!C.,!85! Neal,!C.,!32,!81! Troy,!W.,!1,!109!
Cadavid,!E.,!29,!30! Isenhour,!C.,!77,!78! Neiser,!J.,!58! Tubb,!A.,!64!
Cahall,!C.,!101! Ison,!R.,!128! Nelson,!A.,!122! Tudor,!B.,!45!
Carroll,!M.,!103! Jadoon,!I.,!121! Nelson,!B.,!104! Tuller,!A.,!53!
Carroll,!T.,!7,!99! James,!J.,!118! Nelson,!K.,!105! Vetter,!T.,!9!
Carroll,!T.,!! Jeffries,!A.,!59! O'Brien,!J.,!95! Walters,!J.,!79!
Carson,!B.,!61! Johnson,!B.,!83! Oldham,!J.,!20! Waters,!E.,!6!
Cesar,!S.,!36! Johnson,!B.,!1,!3,!4,!43! Palmer,!C.,!25! Webb,!N.,!92,!138!
Colgan,!S.,!127! Johnson,!B.,!! Palmer,!S.,!80! Weddle,!N.,!32!
Connolly,!A.,!34,!35,!74,!76! Johnson,!B.,!! Parks,!B.,!3,!76! Weeks,!M.,!93!
Connor,!J.,!41! Johnson,!B.,!! Passariello,!P.,!21! Wertz,!J.,!108,!116!
Cook,!K.,!1! Joseph,!C.,!36! Paumi,!K.,!123! Weston,!B.,!42!
Corbitt,!A.,!29! Kelly,!J.,!84! Peebles,!S.,!54! Wetton,!L.,!139!
Crumpler,!J.,!71! Kersey,!M.,!2! Perry,!J.,!53! White,!K.,!140!
Cusato,!B.,!5,!50,!51! Kilty,!J.,!60! Petkus,!M.,!2! Whitsett,!G.,!46!
Daugherty,!M.,!35! Kim,!J.,!129! Phelps,!C.,!94! Wicker,!D.,!120!
Demoranville,!L.,!120! Kim,!M.,!130! Phelps,!M.,!107! Williamson,!W.,!17!
Dennis,!E.,!100! Kirchner,!D.,!31! Phipps,!C.,!52! Winner,!J.,!19!
Dew,!S.,!68,!121! Klooster,!M.,!26,!88,!97,!104,!110! Pierce,!M.,!14,!16! Wohner,!A.,!4!
DiFebbo,!R.,!14! Knight,!K.,!75! Pope,!N.,!14,!16! Workman,!J.,!11,!59!
Dixon,!M.,!80! Knoll,!B.,!6,!7,!56,!86! Powell,!I.,!57! Worley,!D.,!80!
Donelan,!A.,!69! Ko,!E.,!112! Powers,!G.,!78! Xi,!C.,!30!
Duren,!G.,!41! Lane,!S.,!58! Radenhausen,!M.,!24! Xoxi,!K.,!40!
Egge,!S.,!15! Lathon,!B.,!13,!47! Redmond,!D.,!114! Zhang,!S.,!90,!141!
! ! !
Zhou,!Y.,!142!

600 W. Walnut • Danville, Kentucky • 40422
Phone: 859-238-5200
http://www.centre.edu/experientiallearning