The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

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rie koCi
akompanementiT, instrumentuli Tanxlebis gareSe (saxalinis garda). isini cekvaven sakuTa–
ri simReris TanxlebiT.
bgeraTrigi: melodiebi ZiriTadad iqmneba pentatonikis ramdenime bgerisagan naxevarto–
nebis gareSe an harmoniuli seriebisagan. orive SemTxvevaSi melodia oqtavis farglebSia.
zogierT simReras, romelic yoveldRiur yofas asaxavs (magaliTad, lirikuli, Sromis
simRerebi da a.S.), aqvs erT oqtavaze didi diapazoni, rac iaponuri folkloruli simRere–
bis gavleniTaa gamowveuli.
struqturebi: melodiuri struqturebi ZiriTadad warmoadgens mokle motivebis ganmeo–
rebasa da maT kombinaciebs.
xma: ainus tradiciuli simRerebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani elementia xmis warmoqmnis teq–
nika, romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebelia erTi xorxidan warmoebul bgeraTa feradovneba. samwu–
xarod, bolo aTwleulebSi SeiniSneba xmis warmoqmnis erTgvarovneba (Chiba, 1996a).
Janrebi: ainus musikis klasifikaciisas, ukve arsebul kvlevebSi naxsenebia ramdenime eqs–
perimentuli Janruli kategoria (Kubodera, 1939; Chiri, 1960; Monbetsu-cho Kyodo-shi Kenkyu-kai, 1966;
NHK, 1965; Tanimoto, 1989; Chiba, 1996b; Kochi, 2007).
CrdiloeT aziis adgilobriv mosaxleobas Soris, ainus gacilebiT mravalferovani mu–
sikaluri Janrebi gaaCnia (cxr. 2; Tanimoto, 1989: 122).
tanimoto (Tanimoto, 1989) aRniSnavs: `Sesrulebis situaciidan gamomdinare, ainus simRere–
bis klasifikaciisas ori kategoria SeiZleba gamoiyos: 1. saritualo da saferxulo simRe–
rebi; 2. sayofacxovrebo simRerebi. amaTgan pirvels jgufurad asruleben da ufro tradici–
uli xasiaTi aqvs, xolo meore imRereba individualurad, maT umetesobaze didia iaponuri
folkloruli simRerebis gavlena~ (Tanimoto, 1989: 125).
zemoxsenebulTagan, saferxulo simRerebi da cekvebi ufro xSirad imRereba, vidre in–
dividualuri, rac gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania Cemi moxsenebis TemisaTvis.
2. ainus sagundo mReris stili
mokled SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom ainus tradiciul sagundo simReraSi ikveTeba mReris stilis
oTxi ZiriTadi tipi: 1) kanonuri mRera _ erTi da igive melodia JRers Tanmimdevrulad;
2) kontrapunqtuli mRera _ gansxvavebuli melodiebi imRereba erTdroulad; 3) wamyvanisa da
misi mimyolebis mRera _ `mowodeba = pasuxis~ msgavsi; 4) unisonuri mRera.
terminebi, romlebic asaxaven kategoriebs, maT mniSvnelobebsa da wyaroebs, ix. cxrilSi
3.
1) kanonuri mRera (ukouk)
Ukouk Zalian cnobili da ainus musikisaTvis yvelaze metad damaxasiaTebeli stilia.
es sityva ainurad niSnavs aiReT erTmaneTisgan, rac kargad ganmartavs am kanonur stils.
mReris es stili umetesad gvxvdeba `mjdomare simRerebSi~ (“sitting songs”), rodesac ram–
denime momRerali zis didi galaquli WurWlis irgvliv da mReris, Tan ritmulad taSs
ayolebs. zogierTi regionuli jgufi aseve kanonurad mReris saferxulo simRerebis Zalian
mokle melodiebs.
Ukouk -Si arsebobs melodiis mowodebis ori gza _ pirveli momRerlis mier namRer melo–
dias sxvadasxvagvarad baZavs meore: tipi a) imeorebs melodias Tavidan (mag. 1; audiomagaliTi
1); tipi b) iwyebs melodias Sua adgilidan an imeorebs mxolod bolo monakveTs 2 (mag. 2).