The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ... The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
86 marina qavTaraZe, ekaterine buCukuri geografiuli siaxlovisa da istoriuli bedis gamo aRmosavleTis qveynebTan urTier– Toba saqarTvelos uxsovari droidan hqonda da amitom qarTveli mecnierebi Tu sazogado moRvaweebi aRmosavlur kulturasTan urTierTobas xSirad ganixilavdnen Tavis nawereb– Si (mag., ilia WavWavaZe), sadac maxlobel aRmosavleTTan mimarTebaSi SedarebiT erTxazovani negatiuri damokidebuleba igrZnoboda. Tumca, saqarTvelos kulturuli warsulis gaazre– ba, vfiqrobT, axlo aRmosavleTis qveynebis kulturasTan mimarTebaSi, politikuri oberto– nebis gareSea saWiro. es regioni iyo kacobriobis istoriaSi erT-erTi yvelaze ufro bo– boqari istoriuli movlenebisa da migraciebis regioni. araerT mkvlevars gamouTqvams azri, rom axlo aRmosavleTis uZveles xalxebs (Sumerebs, xuritebs, egviptelebs) hqondaT mra– valxmiani musikaluri kultura (kurt zaqsi, en kilmeri da hans hikmani). sagulisxmoa is kavSirebi da ormxrivi gavlenebi, rac qarTul soflur musikasac SesaZloa hqonda axlo aRmosavleTis musikalur kulturasTan (ciciSvili, 2000: 188). aSuRuri xelovnebis, rogorc aRmosavluri kulturis fenomenis stiluri analizi Zve– li Tbilisis simRerebTan mimarTebaSi cxadyofs, rom is Tbilisuri folkloris nawilia, magram ar warmoadgens wminda qarTul erovnul movlenas (audiomag. 1). Tbilisis qalaquri simRera upiratesad qalaqis binadar aSuRTa poetur-musikaluri azrovnebis nayofia, magram tradiciuli sofluri (glexuri) nimuSebisagan gansxvavebiT, mxolod maT SemoqmedebiT sa– kuTrebas ar warmoadgens. mis CamoyalibebaSi Tanabari wvlili miuZRvis sxvadasxva stilurmxatvrul Senakadebs. monofonuri qarTuli qalaquri da aSuRuri simRerebis SedarebiTi analizi cxadhyofs, rom TbilisSi warmoqmnili aSuRuri simRerebi ufro axlos dganan somxur aSuRur sim– RerebTan, vidre azerbaijanul-sparsulTan (e. i. muslimuri warmoSobis simRerebTan). aSuRu– ri simRerebi SemorCenilia saqarTveloSi araqarTuli warmoSobis (somxuri, azerbaijanu– li) mosaxleobaSi. TbilisSi gavrcelda aSuRuri simRerebis ansambluri Sesruleba mesa– zandreTa mier; cvlilebebi warmoCinda musikaluri Tanxlebis xasiaTSi, kerZod, qiamanCaze da Tarze SemsrulebelTa ricxvi mniSvnelovnad Semcirda, maSin rodesac gaizarda medudu– keTa raodenoba (gansakuTrebiT, XX saukunis 30-iani wlebis Semdeg); maTi ricxvi samamde gaizarda, amas daemata ori Tanmxlebi sakravi burdonuli banis saxiT. ase sruldeba saiaT– novas simRerebi mxolod TbilisSi, rac, SesaZlebelia, aixsnas qarTuli samxmiani simReris zegavleniT (buCukuri, 2006) (audiomag. 2). `qalaquri simRerebis adrindeli, konkretuli nimuSebis uqonloba aSuRuri simRerebis gavrcelebamde qalaquri musikis arsebobis mtkicebis saSualebas zRudavs. Tumca varaudiT qalaquri musikaluri lirikis Zirebi Tu paralelebi ufro Soreuli formaciebidan unda moimarTebodes~ (mesxi, 1989: 120). Semsrulebel-matareblis saxiT saqarTveloSi adridanve ixsenieba sinonimuri mniSvnelobis mgosani, xumari, momRerali, mutribi, muSaiTi, mestvire, meCongure, ufro gvian ki aSuRi (mesxi, 1989: 119). mgosanTa Semoqmedebis wamyvan Temasac liri– kul-samijnuro motivebi Seadgenda. a. mSveliZe mgosnebis Semoqmedebas qalaquri musikaluri folkloris adrindel safexurad miiCnevs, xolo aSuRuri repertuaris calkeul nimuSebs ZvelTagan SemorCenil mgosnur hangebTan aigivebs (mSveliZe, 1970: 3). Tu gaviTvaliswinebT istoriuli viTarebiTa da geografiuli mdebareobiT ganpirobebuli qarTl-kaxeTis mosax– leobisa da, gansakuTrebiT, Tbilisis mkvidrTa ekleqtikur eTnikur Semadgenlobas, naTeli warmosadgeni gaxdeba, Tu orientalurma kulturam ratom gaidga fesvebi, umTavresad, Tbi–
polifoniisa da monofoniis urTierTmimarTebis problema qarTuli qalaquri folkloris magaliTze lisis mosaxleobis yofacxovrebaSi. XIX s.-Si ruseTis mier saqarTvelos aneqsiamde Tbilisi orientuli kulturis erT-erT centrad iTvleboda kavkasiaSi mezobel qveynebTan (sparseTi, TurqeTi, somxeTi, azerbaijani) mWidro kulturuli urTierTobisa da qalaqis mosaxleobis erovnuli siWrelis gamo. spar– suli yofiT gatacebuli gamahmadianebuli qarTveli didgvarovanni aRmosavleTis Semsuleb– lebis xelovnebiT eziarnen maT kulturas, Tumca gamoricxuli arc aRmosavluri hangebis iZulebiTi gavrceleba iqneboda CvenSi. aSuRuri musikis popularoba yvelaze metad XVIII saukunis meore naxevarSi SeigrZnoba. am periodTan aris dakavSirebuli ganTqmuli aSuRe– bis _ saiaTnovas, SamCi-melqos, saTaras, haziras saxelebi. qarTuli glexuri lirikul-satrfialo simRerebis teqstebi mxatvrul saxeTa daxve– wilobiT, amaRlebulobiT, kdemamosilebiT gamoiCreva, qalaqur erTxmian simRerebSi ki mi– wieri siyvarulis meti Tavisufleba da erTgvari erotizmic gamosWvivis (SayulaSvili, 1987: 58) (mag.: me Sens tuCebs davakvdebi, ar gakoco, ar iqneba, lamazo qalo). mdare poeturi safu– Zvlisa da zogjer frivoluri Sinaarsis mqone (paraxodi, qvrivo) calkeuli nimuSebi, rogo– ricaa loTebo, muxambazi, kekeljan, avar, avar, aStraxanis gzaze, mSvenieri var, gasarTob sa– laRobo simRerebs warmoadgenen. aSuRuri monofonuri vokaluri Semoqmedeba improvizaciulia, Tumca misi Sesrulebis improvizaciuli manera mkacradaa reglamentirebuli TaobaTa Tu SemsrulebelTa tradici– ul gamocdilebaze damyarebuli mxatvruli kanoniT. aSuRuri vokaluri erTxmianobis erTerT musikalur stilistur maxasiaTebels gadidebuli sekunda warmoadgens, Tumca es uka– naskneli srulebiTac araa aRmosavlurobis ganmsazRvreli elementi. cnobilia, rom gadi– debuli sekunda soflur folklorSic iCens Tavs (mSveliZe, 1970: 5). aseve aRsaniSnavia sxva SemoqmedebiT-mxatvrul aspeqtSi misi gamoyenebis SemTxvevebic rusuli Tu evropuli musikis sferoebSi, rac yovelTvis orientalurobiT rodia ganpirobebuli. erTxmian simReraTa faq– tura gamdidrebulia melizmatikiT, magram melodiuri ornamentikis xerxebi ar warmoadgens qarTuli vokaluri azrovnebisaTvis ucxo elements. sakmarisia davasaxeloT urmulebi Tu orovelebi, guruli krimanWuliani simRerebi. qalaquri simReris meore Stos warmoSoba SedarebiT ufro gviandel periods ukavSir– deba. mis formirebaSic mniSvnelovania ucxouri musikis roli. aRniSnul wyebas ganekuTv– nebian simRerebi, damyarebulni rusuli sayofacxovrebo romansisa da gansakuTrebiT ita– liuri saopero, Tu neapoluri saromanso Semoqmedebis melodi-harmoniis safuZvelze. maTi gamaerTianebeli niSnebi ganisazRvreba klasikuri harmoniis, tonika-subdominanta-dominan– turi funqciebis gabatonebiT, terciuli paralelizmebis siWarbiT, mkafiod Camoyalibebuli metro-ritmuli struqturiT, mravalxmiani wyobiT. me-19 saukunidan axali periodi iwyeba qalaquri musikis ganviTarebaSi. es ukanaskneli, erTi mxriv, CvenSi evropuli civilizaciis Semosvlas, xolo meore mxriv, qarTuli romantizmis ayvavebas ukavSirdeba. aRniSnuli faqti ganpirobebuli iyo ruseT-saqarTvelos urTier– TobebTan dakavSirebuli politikur-istoriuli ZvrebiT. aseT viTarebaSi rusul-evropul– ma kulturam, rasakvirvelia, Tavisi kvali gaavlo aSuRur xelovnebaze. amave dros Sem– zadda niadagi qalaquri simReris axali nakadis warmoqmnisaTvis (audiomag. 3). gasuli saukunis Tbilisis musikaluri cxovreba didi nairferovnebiT xasiaTdeba. imdro– indel musikalur panoramas axasiaTebda a. puSkinis megobari sevastianovi; poetis pativsa– 87
- Page 36 and 37: 36 MÜNIR NURETTIN BEKEN (USA) VIRT
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- Page 40 and 41: 40 munir nuretin bekeni. danarTi M
- Page 42 and 43: 42 nino ciciSvili (avstralia, saqar
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- Page 48 and 49: 48 nino ciciSvili kulturis arsebobi
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- Page 56 and 57: 56 Nino Tsitsishvili References Ale
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- Page 64 and 65: 64 Michael Tenzer repeats cyclicall
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- Page 68 and 69: 68 maikl tenzeri. danarTi Michael T
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- Page 78 and 79: 78 Yu-Hsiu Lu in Taiwanese aborigin
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- Page 82 and 83: 82 iu-siu lu. danarTi Yu-Hsiu Lu. A
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- Page 108 and 109: 108 Rie Kôchi 3. Recent movements
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86<br />
marina qavTaraZe, ekaterine buCukuri<br />
geografiuli siaxlovisa da istoriuli bedis gamo aRmosavleTis qveynebTan urTier–<br />
Toba saqarTvelos uxsovari droidan hq<strong>on</strong>da da amitom qarTveli mecnierebi Tu sazogado<br />
moRvaweebi aRmosavlur kulturasTan urTierTobas xSirad ganixilavdnen Tavis nawereb–<br />
Si (mag., ilia WavWavaZe), sadac maxlobel aRmosavleTTan mimarTebaSi SedarebiT erTxazovani<br />
negatiuri damokidebuleba igrZnoboda. Tumca, saqarTvelos kulturuli warsulis gaazre–<br />
ba, vfiqrobT, axlo aRmosavleTis qveynebis kulturasTan mimarTebaSi, politikuri oberto–<br />
nebis gareSea saWiro. es regi<strong>on</strong>i iyo kacobriobis istoriaSi erT-erTi yvelaze ufro bo–<br />
boqari istoriuli movlenebisa da migraciebis regi<strong>on</strong>i. araerT mkvlevars gamouTqvams azri,<br />
rom axlo aRmosavleTis uZveles xalxebs (Sumerebs, xuritebs, egviptelebs) hq<strong>on</strong>daT mra–<br />
valxmiani musikaluri kultura (kurt zaqsi, en kilmeri da hans hikmani). sagulisxmoa is<br />
kavSirebi da ormxrivi gavlenebi, rac qarTul soflur musikasac SesaZloa hq<strong>on</strong>da axlo<br />
aRmosavleTis musikalur kulturasTan (ciciSvili, 2000: 188).<br />
aSuRuri xelovnebis, rogorc aRmosavluri kulturis fenomenis stiluri analizi Zve–<br />
li Tbilisis simRerebTan mimarTebaSi cxadyofs, rom is Tbilisuri folkloris nawilia,<br />
magram ar warmoadgens wminda qarTul erovnul movlenas (audiomag. 1). Tbilisis qalaquri<br />
simRera upiratesad qalaqis binadar aSuRTa poetur-musikaluri azrovnebis nayofia, magram<br />
tradiciuli sofluri (glexuri) nimuSebisagan gansxvavebiT, mxolod maT SemoqmedebiT sa–<br />
kuTrebas ar warmoadgens. mis CamoyalibebaSi Tanabari wvlili miuZRvis sxvadasxva stilurmxatvrul<br />
Senakadebs.<br />
m<strong>on</strong>of<strong>on</strong>uri qarTuli qalaquri da aSuRuri simRerebis SedarebiTi analizi cxadhyofs,<br />
rom TbilisSi warmoqmnili aSuRuri simRerebi ufro axlos dganan somxur aSuRur sim–<br />
RerebTan, vidre azerbaijanul-sparsulTan (e. i. muslimuri warmoSobis simRerebTan). aSuRu–<br />
ri simRerebi SemorCenilia saqarTveloSi araqarTuli warmoSobis (somxuri, azerbaijanu–<br />
li) mosaxleobaSi. TbilisSi gavrcelda aSuRuri simRerebis ansambluri Sesruleba mesa–<br />
zandreTa mier; cvlilebebi warmoCinda musikaluri Tanxlebis xasiaTSi, kerZod, qiamanCaze<br />
da Tarze SemsrulebelTa ricxvi mniSvnelovnad Semcirda, maSin rodesac gaizarda medudu–<br />
keTa raodenoba (gansakuTrebiT, XX saukunis 30-iani wlebis Semdeg); maTi ricxvi samamde<br />
gaizarda, amas daemata ori Tanmxlebi sakravi burd<strong>on</strong>uli banis saxiT. ase sruldeba saiaT–<br />
novas simRerebi mxolod TbilisSi, rac, SesaZlebelia, aixsnas qarTuli samxmiani simReris<br />
zegavleniT (buCukuri, 2006) (audiomag. 2).<br />
`qalaquri simRerebis adrindeli, k<strong>on</strong>kretuli nimuSebis uq<strong>on</strong>loba aSuRuri simRerebis<br />
gavrcelebamde qalaquri musikis arsebobis mtkicebis saSualebas zRudavs. Tumca varaudiT<br />
qalaquri musikaluri lirikis Zirebi Tu paralelebi ufro Soreuli formaciebidan unda<br />
moimarTebodes~ (mesxi, 1989: 120). Semsrulebel-matareblis saxiT saqarTveloSi adridanve<br />
ixsenieba sin<strong>on</strong>imuri mniSvnelobis mgosani, xumari, momRerali, mutribi, muSaiTi, mestvire,<br />
meC<strong>on</strong>gure, ufro gvian ki aSuRi (mesxi, 1989: 119). mgosanTa Semoqmedebis wamyvan Temasac liri–<br />
kul-samijnuro motivebi Seadgenda. a. mSveliZe mgosnebis Semoqmedebas qalaquri musikaluri<br />
folkloris adrindel safexurad miiCnevs, xolo aSuRuri repertuaris calkeul nimuSebs<br />
ZvelTagan SemorCenil mgosnur hangebTan aigivebs (mSveliZe, 1970: 3). Tu gaviTvaliswinebT<br />
istoriuli viTarebiTa da geografiuli mdebareobiT ganpirobebuli qarTl-kaxeTis mosax–<br />
leobisa da, gansakuTrebiT, Tbilisis mkvidrTa ekleqtikur eTnikur Semadgenlobas, naTeli<br />
warmosadgeni gaxdeba, Tu orientalurma kulturam ratom gaidga fesvebi, umTavresad, Tbi–
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