The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ... The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
58 kunZul balis gamelanis musikis polifoniuri aspeqtebi maikl tenzeri (aSS) baliuri gamelanis musikis did nawils gaaCnia mravalxmiani faqtura, sadac erTdrou– lad erTmaneTze dafenilia melodiuri struqturebis sxvadasxva varianti. tradiciul sa– karo repertuarSi me-16 saukunidan moyolebuli adreul me-20 saukunemde, rodesac musika– luri praqtikis didi nawili daSifruli iyo, melodiaTa organizeba xdeboda mkacrad mra– valSrian doneebze. miuxedavad imisa, rom zogierT SreSi gvxvdeba gamSvenebebi, SreTa umete– sobaSi JRerda melodiebi izoqromuli grZliobebiT. SreTa Soris grZliobebi dakavSirebulia ormagi simkvrivis proporciebiT _ 1:2 da 1:4. ufro swrafi tempis mqone Sreebi imeoreben simaR– leebs momdevno, ufro neli Sreebis ZiriTadi poziciidan, amasTan, emateba axali bgerebi. amgva– rad, Cveulebriv, Sreebi emTxveva, qmnian unisons an oqtavas. winamdebare gamokvlevaSi msgavsi mo– mentebi aRniSnulia, rogorc konvergencia (C - convergence _ damTxveva), xolo sxva erTdroulad mJReri intervalebi aRniSnulia, rogorc divergencia ( D - divergence _ gansxvaveba). es procesi sistematuria. musikosebi imaxsovreben TavianT partiebs da yovel jerze maT erTnairad asruleben. musikas garkveulwilad axasiaTebs heterofonuloba, radganac xmebis variantebi Zalian hgvanan erTmaneTs, aseve, imitom, rom upiratesad erTdroulad JRers unisonebi da oqtavebi. magram am sistematizebasa da xmebis mkafio ritmul gansxvavebulobaSi ikveTeba gansakuTrebuli polifoniuri Taviseburebebi. am Taviseburebebs tradiciul repertu– arSi uamravi waxnagi gaaCnia; garda amisa, isini ganviTardnen gviani XX saukunis ganmavlo– baSi, ris Sedegadac dRes am musikis polifoniuri aspeqtebi mniSvnelovnad gansxvavebulia. qvemoT moyvanil magaliTebSi sami xmidan TiToeuls gaaCnia sakuTari baliuri saxelwo– deba, romelic iZleva mniSvnelovan miniSnebas, Tu rogor unda iyos es xma gagebuli. yvelaze neli aris pokoki (pokok) rac niSnavs RerZul an ZiriTad bgerebs. balielebi pokoks aigiveben im movlenasTan, rasac Cven inglisurad mTavar an struqturirebul melodias vuwodebT. poko– kis temps orjer aRemateba neliti (neliti), rac TargmanSi niSnavs is, rac sworia. esaa is, rasac balielebi simRerisas, savaraudod, upiratesobas aniWeben, roca sTxoven imReron `ZiriTadi~ melodia an misi nawili. nelitize oTxjer swrafia paiasani (payasan _ ganviTareba, daxvewa). arsebobs paiasanis bevri saxeoba; aq warmodgenil tips ewodeba kotekani (kotekan _ erTma– neTTan dakavSirebili xmebi). kotekani iyofa or damoukidebel xmad, romelsac ukravs mu– sikosebis wyvili da magaliTebSi Cawerilia sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebis StilebiT. isini qmnian faqturas, romelic Sesasruleblad sakmaod rTulia da warmoaCens Semsruleblebis ostatobas. pokokis, nelitisa da kotekanis sami Sris urTierTdamokidebuleba 1:2:8 simkv– riviT gamoisaxeba. SesaZlebelia, vifiqroT, rom yvelaze neli Sre danarCenebisTvis sayrde– ni an damxmarea, an Cqari tempis epizodebis erTgvari ganzogadebaa. magram radgan TiToeuli Sre dakvrisas gansxvavebuli da Tanabrad mniSvnelovania, amitom SeuZlebelia maTi mniSvne– lobebis mixedviT dalageba. piriqiT, Sreebi erTad, ganuyofelad moqmedeben (ufro zustad Tu vityviT, isini moiazrebian rogorc ganuyofeli, monofonuri mTlianoba). gamelanuri musikis popularul Janrs, romelsac ganvixilav (ZiriTadad) winamdebare
kunZul balis gamelanis musikis polifoniuri aspeqtebi statiaSi, gamelan gong kebiari (gamelan gong kebyar) ewodeba. pirveli magaliTebi gviCveneben zemoT aRweril tradiciul principebs. Semdgom mocemul magaliTebSi ilustrirebulia kontrastuli tradiciuli repertuaris, gamelan gender vaiangis (gamelan gender wayang) teqni– ka, xolo bolo magaliTebSi ganxilulia Tanamedrove kompozitorebis novaciebi gamelan gong kebiarSi da gamelanis axali, 1980-ian wlebSi Semotanili saxeoba _ semaradana (semara–dana). baliuri gamelani ewyoba bevri gansxvavebuli meTodiT. yvela moyvanil magaliTSi (3a, 4 da 5a-s garda) gamoiyeneba 5-bgeriani bgeraTrigi pilogi (pélog) _ Cis-D-E-Gis-A _ uCveulo saxasiaTo wyobiT, magram mis SesanarCuneblad magaliTebSi, sadac gamelani realurad JRers ufro maRla an dabla, araferi Semicvlia. bgerebi H da F ar gamoiyeneba, amitom svla A-dan Cis-mde da E-dan Gis-mde gaerTianebulia. magaliTSi 4a anhemitonur pentatonur slendros (slendro) bgeraTrigia mocemuli E-G-B-C-Es; bgerebi A da D ar gamoiyeneba. magaliTi 1 gviCvenebs CarTvis, monacvleobis yvelaze pirobiT nairsaxeobas musikaSi cekvi– saTvis gabor (Gabor). melodia ciklurad meordeba da grZeldeba rva pulsaciis ganmavlobaSi, rac TavisTavad Seicavs ocdaTormet minimalur ritmul qvedayofas. yvela intervali erTdeba, garda im momentebisa, sadac neliti gamoiyofa kotekanisgan pulsaciiT 2 da 6. amgvarad, poli– fonia SeiZleba davaxasiaToT, rogorc CarTuli da upiratesad konvergentuli. yvelaze swrafi Sre iqmneba stereotipuli motivisagan, romelic grZeldeba ori pulsa– ciis ganmavlobaSi da meordeba samjer, raTa Seivsos cikli. igi Sedgeba sambgeriani seri– ebisgan, romlebic meordeba manam, sanam rva qvedanayofi Seivseba. pirveli gameorebisas igi Sebrunebulia, meorejer – ganmeorebuli, mesamejer ki transponirebulia bgeraTrigidan erTi toniT maRla (mag. 1; audiomag. 1). magaliTSi 2a-g nel tempSi moZravi ori partiaa warmoadgenili erT sanoto sistemaze, sadac gamoyenebulia notebi Stilebis gareSe; aq ufro nel tempSi mocemuli pokokis xme– bi amovardnilia. kavSiri am nel tempSi mocemul or partias Soris rCeba sruliad konver– gentuli (mag. 2a-g; audiomag. 2a-g). magaliTebSi 2a, b mocemulia divergentuli da konvergentuli Sesvlis regularuli modeli or nel partiasa da yvelaze swraf partias Soris (mag. 2a, b; audiomag. 2a, b). TiTo– euli maTgani realizebulia drois 50%-Si. am or magaliTSi SeiniSneba wyvilebis mimarTu– leba: magaliTSi 3a divergentuli tonebis TiToeuli wyvilidan pirveli erTveba relitis, meore ki _ pokoks (mag. 3a; audiomag. 3a); magaliTSi 3b mocemulia Sebruneba. amgvarad, moZra– obas konvergentulidan divergentulisken aqvs gansxvavebuli polaruloba ciklis ritmu– li struqturis dacviT (mag. 3b; audiomag. 3b). magaliTSi 2a gansxvavebuloba matulobs Cqar partiaSi ori gansxvavebuli saxis moti– vis gamoyenebis xarjze. amaTgan meore zustad hgavs magaliT 1-Si mocemul motivs. miuxeda– vad amisa, pirveli motivi gansxvavebuli konturebisaa; igi imgvaradaa Seqmnili, rom yovel– Tvis mTavrdeba im notze, romelic uSualod win uswrebs motivs. es qmnis melodiuri sta– stikurobis nairsaxeobas, radganac struqturuli cvalebadoba am partiaSi aRniSnulis Se– degad erTaderTxel xorcieldeba yovel oTx pulsaciaSi (nacvlad orisa, rogorc es wina nimuSSi vixileT). metad mniSvnelovania, rom igi qmnis tonaluri moZraobis gansxvavebul da damoukidebel dones or partias Soris da es damoukidebloba xels uwyobs polifoniuri xasiaTis damkvidrebas (mag. 2a; audiomag. 2a). magaliTSi 2b yvelaze swrafi partia iyenebs mxolod erT ganmeorebad motivs ori pul– 59
- Page 7 and 8: Davit Shughliashvili (Georgia) “W
- Page 9 and 10: edaqtorebisagan winamdebare krebulS
- Page 11 and 12: edaqtorebisagan koleqcias. moxseneb
- Page 13 and 14: From The Editors G
- Page 15: aziuri tradiciuli polifonia ASIAN T
- Page 18 and 19: 18 ioseb Jordania anobis arsebuli t
- Page 20 and 21: 20 ioseb Jordania mkvlevarebis yura
- Page 22 and 23: 22 ioseb Jordania xmianobasTan da T
- Page 24 and 25: 24 TRADITIONAL POLYPHONY IN ASIA: P
- Page 26 and 27: 26 Joseph Jordania scholar Schehera
- Page 28 and 29: 28 Joseph Jordania 2. Asian polypho
- Page 30 and 31: 30 Joseph Jordania gestion not only
- Page 32 and 33: 32 virtualuri heterofonia: kompozic
- Page 34 and 35: 34 munir nuretin bekeni (aSS) migvi
- Page 36 and 37: 36 MÜNIR NURETTIN BEKEN (USA) VIRT
- Page 38 and 39: 38 Münir Nurettin Beken This becam
- Page 40 and 41: 40 munir nuretin bekeni. danarTi M
- Page 42 and 43: 42 nino ciciSvili (avstralia, saqar
- Page 44 and 45: 44 nino ciciSvili (2) reCitaciuli b
- Page 46 and 47: 46 nino ciciSvili upirveles yovlisa
- Page 48 and 49: 48 nino ciciSvili kulturis arsebobi
- Page 50 and 51: 50 NINO TSITSISHVILI (AUSTRALIA, GE
- Page 52 and 53: 52 Nino Tsitsishvili Factor 3: scal
- Page 54 and 55: 54 Nino Tsitsishvili A historical i
- Page 56 and 57: 56 Nino Tsitsishvili References Ale
- Page 60 and 61: 60 maikl tenzeri saciis xangrZliobi
- Page 62 and 63: 62 maikl tenzeri arsebobas, Sreebs
- Page 64 and 65: 64 Michael Tenzer repeats cyclicall
- Page 66 and 67: 66 Michael Tenzer pulsations serves
- Page 68 and 69: 68 maikl tenzeri. danarTi Michael T
- Page 70 and 71: 70 magaliTi 4. bgeris simaRlis, dro
- Page 72 and 73: 72 iu-siu lu Tsou (Tsou) 6 733 seis
- Page 74 and 75: 74 iu-siu lu sawyis etapze taivanel
- Page 76 and 77: 76 iu-siu lu 4 paralelur kvartebsa
- Page 78 and 79: 78 Yu-Hsiu Lu in Taiwanese aborigin
- Page 80 and 81: 80 Yu-Hsiu Lu earliest tribes in th
- Page 82 and 83: 82 iu-siu lu. danarTi Yu-Hsiu Lu. A
- Page 84 and 85: 84 marina qavTaraZe, ekaterine buCu
- Page 86 and 87: 86 marina qavTaraZe, ekaterine buCu
- Page 88 and 89: 88 marina qavTaraZe, ekaterine buCu
- Page 90 and 91: 90 marina qavTaraZe, ekaterine buCu
- Page 92 and 93: 92 Marina Kavtaradze, Ekaterine Buc
- Page 94 and 95: 94 Marina Kavtaradze, Ekaterine Buc
- Page 96 and 97: 96 Marina Kavtaradze, Ekaterine Buc
- Page 98 and 99: 98 rie koCi akompanementiT, instrum
- Page 100 and 101: 100 cxr. 3 rie koCi 1) kanonuri uko
- Page 102 and 103: 102 rie koCi rasac mReroda wamyvani
- Page 104 and 105: 104 ON THE POLYPHONIC SINGING STYLE
- Page 106 and 107: 106 singing the same melody followi
58<br />
kunZul balis gamelanis musikis polif<strong>on</strong>iuri aspeqtebi<br />
maikl tenzeri (aSS)<br />
baliuri gamelanis musikis did nawils gaaCnia mravalxmiani faqtura, sadac erTdrou–<br />
lad erTmaneTze dafenilia melodiuri struqturebis sxvadasxva varianti. tradiciul sa–<br />
karo repertuarSi me-16 saukunidan moyolebuli adreul me-20 saukunemde, rodesac musika–<br />
luri praqtikis didi nawili daSifruli iyo, melodiaTa organizeba xdeboda mkacrad mra–<br />
valSrian d<strong>on</strong>eebze. miuxedavad imisa, rom zogierT SreSi gvxvdeba gamSvenebebi, SreTa umete–<br />
sobaSi JRerda melodiebi izoqromuli grZliobebiT. SreTa Soris grZliobebi dakavSirebulia<br />
ormagi simkvrivis proporciebiT _ 1:2 da 1:4. ufro swrafi tempis mq<strong>on</strong>e Sreebi imeoreben simaR–<br />
leebs momdevno, ufro neli Sreebis ZiriTadi poziciidan, amasTan, emateba axali bgerebi. amgva–<br />
rad, Cveulebriv, Sreebi emTxveva, qmnian unis<strong>on</strong>s an oqtavas. winamdebare gamokvlevaSi msgavsi mo–<br />
mentebi aRniSnulia, rogorc k<strong>on</strong>vergencia (C - c<strong>on</strong>vergence _ damTxveva), xolo sxva erTdroulad<br />
mJReri intervalebi aRniSnulia, rogorc divergencia ( D - divergence _ gansxvaveba).<br />
es procesi sistematuria. musikosebi imaxsovreben TavianT partiebs da yovel jerze maT<br />
erTnairad asruleben. musikas garkveulwilad axasiaTebs heterof<strong>on</strong>uloba, radganac xmebis<br />
variantebi Zalian hgvanan erTmaneTs, aseve, imitom, rom upiratesad erTdroulad JRers<br />
unis<strong>on</strong>ebi da oqtavebi. magram am sistematizebasa da xmebis mkafio ritmul gansxvavebulobaSi<br />
ikveTeba gansakuTrebuli polif<strong>on</strong>iuri Taviseburebebi. am Taviseburebebs tradiciul repertu–<br />
arSi uamravi waxnagi gaaCnia; garda amisa, isini ganviTardnen gviani XX saukunis ganmavlo–<br />
baSi, ris Sedegadac dRes am musikis polif<strong>on</strong>iuri aspeqtebi mniSvnelovnad gansxvavebulia.<br />
qvemoT moyvanil magaliTebSi sami xmidan TiToeuls gaaCnia sakuTari baliuri saxelwo–<br />
deba, romelic iZleva mniSvnelovan miniSnebas, Tu rogor unda iyos es xma gagebuli. yvelaze<br />
neli aris pokoki (pokok) rac niSnavs RerZul an ZiriTad bgerebs. balielebi pokoks aigiveben im<br />
movlenasTan, rasac Cven inglisurad mTavar an struqturirebul melodias vuwodebT. poko–<br />
kis temps orjer aRemateba neliti (neliti), rac TargmanSi niSnavs is, rac sworia. esaa is, rasac<br />
balielebi simRerisas, savaraudod, upiratesobas aniWeben, roca sTxoven imRer<strong>on</strong> `ZiriTadi~<br />
melodia an misi nawili. nelitize oTxjer swrafia paiasani (payasan _ ganviTareba, daxvewa).<br />
arsebobs paiasanis bevri saxeoba; aq warmodgenil tips ewodeba kotekani (kotekan _ erTma–<br />
neTTan dakavSirebili xmebi). kotekani iyofa or damoukidebel xmad, romelsac ukravs mu–<br />
sikosebis wyvili da magaliTebSi Cawerilia sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebis StilebiT. isini<br />
qmnian faqturas, romelic Sesasruleblad sakmaod rTulia da warmoaCens Semsruleblebis<br />
ostatobas. pokokis, nelitisa da kotekanis sami Sris urTierTdamokidebuleba 1:2:8 simkv–<br />
riviT gamoisaxeba. SesaZlebelia, vifiqroT, rom yvelaze neli Sre danarCenebisTvis sayrde–<br />
ni an damxmarea, an Cqari tempis epizodebis erTgvari ganzogadebaa. magram radgan TiToeuli<br />
Sre dakvrisas gansxvavebuli da Tanabrad mniSvnelovania, amitom SeuZlebelia maTi mniSvne–<br />
lobebis mixedviT dalageba. piriqiT, Sreebi erTad, ganuyofelad moqmedeben (ufro zustad Tu<br />
vityviT, isini moiazrebian rogorc ganuyofeli, m<strong>on</strong>of<strong>on</strong>uri mTlianoba).<br />
gamelanuri musikis popularul Janrs, romelsac ganvixilav (ZiriTadad) winamdebare
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