The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
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The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ... The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

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528 kavai norie, morimoto masako, honda manabu, onodera eiko, niSina emi, oohaSi cutomu 2. tradiciuli qarTuli mravalxmianobis temperaciis analizi meTodebi winamdebare gamokvlevis sagania vokaluri kompozicia saxelwodebiT o da diskidan Teach Yourself Georgian Folk Songs - Megrelian Song. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, am diskze TiToeuli simRe– risaTvis aris biliki, sadac sami partia erTdrouladaa Cawerili da sami biliki, sadac sami xmidan TiToeuli damoukidebladaa Cawerili. personalur kompiuterSi CatvirTvis Semdeg, TiToeuli xmis monacemebi gavaanalizeT kompiuteruli programiT (“Melodyne”; Celemony Soft– ware GmbH, München, Deutschland), rom dagvedgina individualuri monotonebis (monotones) erTgva– rovani simaRle. aRniSnulma programulma uzrunvelyofam, saSualeba mogvca, uwyvetad dag– vedgina ZiriTadi tonebis simaRle. programul uzrunvelyofas SeuZlia, aseve, aRmoaCinos vibratosa da simaRlis rxevis Sedegad arsebuli sixSiris cvalebadobebi, amitom, erTi bge– ris Sesatyvisi droiTi xangrZlivoba unda ganisazRvros simReris musikalur partituraze dayrdnobiT. amgvarad, sayrdeni tonis saSualo sixSire, TiToeuli musikaluri notis dro– iTi xangrZlivobis farglebSi, iyo aRebuli, rogorc am gansakuTrebuli notis simaRle. Tanabari temperacia, romelic advilad aregulirebs tonis simaRles raodenobrivi gziT, gamoyenebuli iyo, rogorc warmosaxviTi mocemuloba individualuri tonebis simaRlis ga– mosaxatad. qarTuli mravalxmiani kompoziciis TiToeuli musikaluri toni aRwerili iyo uaxloesi musikaluri notis gamoyenebiT. warmosaxviT mocemulobaSi, Tanabari temperaciis mixedviT, originaluri tonis simaRlis gadaxra Sesabamisi warmosaxviTi tonidan, aRiniSna aRmavali an daRmavali isriT da misi sidideebi gamoixata centebSi. tradiciuli qarTuli mravalxmianobis temperacia, aseve, SevadareT temperaciis sxva tipebs (Barbour, 1972), maT So– ris, zust intonirebas (wminda temperacia), piTagoras wyobas da saSualo tonis (meantone) tem– peracias. Sedegebi magaliTi 1 gviCvenebs o da-s simaRlebrivi analizis Sedegebs. TiToeuli isris mimar– Tuleba aRniSnavs originaluri o da-dan simaRlis gadaxris mimarTulebas Tanabari tem– peraciis yoveli Sesatyvisi tonis Sesabamisad. TiToeuli sidide warmoadgens originalur o da-sa da Sesabamis warmosaxviT tons Soris arsebuli simaRlis gansxvavebis xarisxs, asaxuls centebSi. originaluri tonebis umetesoba, TiToeul Sesabamis tonTan SedarebiT, simaRlebrivad gadaixreba ramdenime an ramdenime aTeuli centiT. mniSvnelovania, rom Se– sabamisi tonebi igive iyo Tanabar temperaciaSic, originaluri tonebis warmosaxviTi to– nidan gadaxris xarisxi da mimarTuleba mniSvnelovnad varirebda, rac damokidebuli iyo vokalur garemoze. Cven mier Catarebuli analizis yvela monacems sxva dros warmovadgenT. mTeli o da-s simaRlebrivi analizi Sejamda TiToeul da yovel Sesabamis notTan, Sem– deg ki vaCveneT isini Tanabari temperaciis individualur tonebTan dapirispirebiT. kerZod, gamovTvaleT originaluri tonebis simaRlebrivi gadaxris saSualo ariTmetikuli da vari– reba Sesabamisi warmosaxviTi tonebisagan mTeli o da-s manZilze. mocemul sqemaSi (mag. 2) TiToeuli bloki da xazi gviCvenebs simaRlis cvalebadobis saSualo maCvenebels misi stan– dartuli gadaxriT, Tanabari temperaciis Sesatyvisi warmosaxviTi tonidan. o da-s tempe– raciasa da Tanabar temperacias Soris arsebuli sistematuri gansxvavebis daregulirebis mizniT, mTeli bgeraTrigi iyo standartizebuli ton si-s mixedviT. es Sedegi gviCvenebs, rom o da-s individualuri tonebis simaRle, cvalebadi xarisxebiT mniSvnelovnad gadaixara

qarTuli tradiciuli mravalxmianobis bgeris struqturis Seswavla: temperirebuli struqturis analizi 529 Tanabar temperaciaSi, maTi Sesatyvisi tonisgan; aqedan, savaraudoa, rom tradiciuli qarTu– li mravalxmianobis temperaciis struqtura SesamCnevad gansxvavdeba Tanabari temperacii– sagan. amis Semdeg, zemoaRniSnuli simReris temperacia SevadareT temperaciis sxva tipebs, ra– Ta dagvedgina maTi o da-sTan Sesabamisoba. sqemaSi naCvenebia (mag. 3) rogor gadaixreba sxva– dasxva temperaciis TiToeuli bgera. o da-s Sesabamis ZiriTad tonTan SedarebiT. o da-s temperacia srulad ar Seesatyviseba arc erT sxva tempracias, ris gamoc, vvara– udobT, rom tradiciuli qarTuli mravalxmianobis temperacia unikalur Tvisebebs avlens. yovelive es ganasxvavebs mas temperaciis sxva arsebuli tipebisgan. sainteresoa, rom o da-s temperacia SedarebiT axlosaa wminda intonaciasTan (anu wminda temperaciasTan), Tumca aq vlindeba mniSvnelovani, naxevartonuri simaRlebrivi gadaxrebi (magaliTad, do da fa). 3. tradiciuli qarTuli mravalxmianobis temperaciis msmenelze zegavlenis fsiqolo– giuri efeqti meTodebi zemoaRniSnuli analizi, saSualebs gvaZlevs, vivaraudoT, rom qarTuli mravalxmianoba xasiaTdeba temperaciis unikaluri wyobiT. axal meTodze dayrdnobiT, Cven vagrZelebT imis Seswavlas, Tu rogor moqmedebs specifikuri temperacia msmenelze. Tanamedrove teqnolo– giis gamoyenebiT, eleqtro-akustikuri kvlevisTvis, Cven SevqmeniT bgeris wyaro, sadac mxo– lod originaluri musikis TiToeuli notis simaRle icvleba, xolo bgeris xarisxis yvela sxva faqtori ucvlelia. Semdeg SevadareT Secvlili simaRlis bgeriTi wyaro originalur musikas, msmenelis fsiqologiuri reagirebis konteqstSi. o da-s TiToeuli tonis simaRle damoukideblad gadaadgilda Tanabari temperaciis uax– loes tonSi. simaRlis Secvla ganxorcielda o da-s partiis samive xmisTvis cal-calke, kom– piuteruli programis Melodyne-s gamoyenebiT. pirvelyovlisa, zemoaRniSnuli analiziT gani– sazRvra o da-s TiToeuli tonis simaRlis cvalebadobis mimarTuleba da xarisxi, imisaTvis, rom SegveTanxmebina Tanabar temperaciasTan. Sesabamisi bgeris signalis talRebis raodeno– ba eleqtrulad izrdeboda aRmavali mimarTulebis simaRlebrivi cvalebadobis dros da eleqtrulad mcirdeboda daRmavali mimarTulebis simaRlebrivi cvalebadobisas. Semdeg monacemebi damuSavebul iqna gaxangrZlivebul an SemWidrovebul droSi imgvarad, rom ge– nerirebuli monacemebis droiTi xangrZlivoba Seesabameboda originaluri musikaluri to– nebis droiT xangrZlivobas. amgvari damuSavebis Semdeg, SeiZleba moxdes, bgeris feris, anu tembris da masTan dakav– Sirebuli sxva parametrebis mniSvnelovani Secvla. am parametrebis gamoyenebiT, simaRlis Secvlis saboloo etapze, tonis feri zedmiwevniT daregulirda. Sedegad, miviReT sami si– maRleSecvlili xma, romlebic gaerTianda da Caiwera CD-ze. es cifruli Canaweri ganxi– lulia, rogorc o da-s simaRleSecvlili varianti Tanabar temperaciaSi. msgavsad, gaer– Tianda originaluri o da-s sami xma da Caiwera CD-ze, rac o da-s originalad gamoviyeneT. Semdeg SevafaseT msmenelze zemoqmedebis sferoSi arsebuli gansxvavebebi simaRleSecvlil o da-sa da originalur o da-s Soris. warmogidgenT monacemebs fsiqologiuri eqsperimentis Sedegad miRebuli Sedegebis Sesaxeb, rac kiTxvaris safuZvelze Camoyalibda. aRniSnul eqsperimentSi monawileobda cxrameti subieqti (8 mamakaci da 11 qali,

528<br />

kavai norie, morimoto masako, h<strong>on</strong>da manabu,<br />

<strong>on</strong>odera eiko, niSina emi, oohaSi cutomu<br />

2. tradiciuli qarTuli mravalxmianobis temperaciis analizi meTodebi<br />

winamdebare gamokvlevis sagania vokaluri kompozicia saxelwodebiT o da diskidan Teach<br />

Yourself Georgian Folk S<strong>on</strong>gs - Megrelian S<strong>on</strong>g. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, am diskze TiToeuli simRe–<br />

risaTvis aris biliki, sadac sami partia erTdrouladaa Cawerili da sami biliki, sadac sami<br />

xmidan TiToeuli damoukidebladaa Cawerili. pers<strong>on</strong>alur kompiuterSi CatvirTvis Semdeg,<br />

TiToeuli xmis m<strong>on</strong>acemebi gavaanalizeT kompiuteruli programiT (“Melodyne”; Celem<strong>on</strong>y Soft–<br />

ware GmbH, München, Deutschland), rom dagvedgina individualuri m<strong>on</strong>ot<strong>on</strong>ebis (m<strong>on</strong>ot<strong>on</strong>es) erTgva–<br />

rovani simaRle. aRniSnulma programulma uzrunvelyofam, saSualeba mogvca, uwyvetad dag–<br />

vedgina ZiriTadi t<strong>on</strong>ebis simaRle. programul uzrunvelyofas SeuZlia, aseve, aRmoaCinos<br />

vibratosa da simaRlis rxevis Sedegad arsebuli sixSiris cvalebadobebi, amitom, erTi bge–<br />

ris Sesatyvisi droiTi xangrZlivoba unda ganisazRvros simReris musikalur partituraze<br />

dayrdnobiT. amgvarad, sayrdeni t<strong>on</strong>is saSualo sixSire, TiToeuli musikaluri notis dro–<br />

iTi xangrZlivobis farglebSi, iyo aRebuli, rogorc am gansakuTrebuli notis simaRle.<br />

Tanabari temperacia, romelic advilad aregulirebs t<strong>on</strong>is simaRles raodenobrivi gziT,<br />

gamoyenebuli iyo, rogorc warmosaxviTi mocemuloba individualuri t<strong>on</strong>ebis simaRlis ga–<br />

mosaxatad. qarTuli mravalxmiani kompoziciis TiToeuli musikaluri t<strong>on</strong>i aRwerili iyo<br />

uaxloesi musikaluri notis gamoyenebiT. warmosaxviT mocemulobaSi, Tanabari temperaciis<br />

mixedviT, originaluri t<strong>on</strong>is simaRlis gadaxra Sesabamisi warmosaxviTi t<strong>on</strong>idan, aRiniSna<br />

aRmavali an daRmavali isriT da misi sidideebi gamoixata centebSi. tradiciuli qarTuli<br />

mravalxmianobis temperacia, aseve, SevadareT temperaciis sxva tipebs (Barbour, 1972), maT So–<br />

ris, zust int<strong>on</strong>irebas (wminda temperacia), piTagoras wyobas da saSualo t<strong>on</strong>is (meant<strong>on</strong>e) tem–<br />

peracias.<br />

Sedegebi<br />

magaliTi 1 gviCvenebs o da-s simaRlebrivi analizis Sedegebs. TiToeuli isris mimar–<br />

Tuleba aRniSnavs originaluri o da-dan simaRlis gadaxris mimarTulebas Tanabari tem–<br />

peraciis yoveli Sesatyvisi t<strong>on</strong>is Sesabamisad. TiToeuli sidide warmoadgens originalur<br />

o da-sa da Sesabamis warmosaxviT t<strong>on</strong>s Soris arsebuli simaRlis gansxvavebis xarisxs,<br />

asaxuls centebSi. originaluri t<strong>on</strong>ebis umetesoba, TiToeul Sesabamis t<strong>on</strong>Tan SedarebiT,<br />

simaRlebrivad gadaixreba ramdenime an ramdenime aTeuli centiT. mniSvnelovania, rom Se–<br />

sabamisi t<strong>on</strong>ebi igive iyo Tanabar temperaciaSic, originaluri t<strong>on</strong>ebis warmosaxviTi to–<br />

nidan gadaxris xarisxi da mimarTuleba mniSvnelovnad varirebda, rac damokidebuli iyo<br />

vokalur garemoze. Cven mier Catarebuli analizis yvela m<strong>on</strong>acems sxva dros warmovadgenT.<br />

mTeli o da-s simaRlebrivi analizi Sejamda TiToeul da yovel Sesabamis notTan, Sem–<br />

deg ki vaCveneT isini Tanabari temperaciis individualur t<strong>on</strong>ebTan dapirispirebiT. kerZod,<br />

gamovTvaleT originaluri t<strong>on</strong>ebis simaRlebrivi gadaxris saSualo ariTmetikuli da vari–<br />

reba Sesabamisi warmosaxviTi t<strong>on</strong>ebisagan mTeli o da-s manZilze. mocemul sqemaSi (mag. 2)<br />

TiToeuli bloki da xazi gviCvenebs simaRlis cvalebadobis saSualo maCvenebels misi stan–<br />

dartuli gadaxriT, Tanabari temperaciis Sesatyvisi warmosaxviTi t<strong>on</strong>idan. o da-s tempe–<br />

raciasa da Tanabar temperacias Soris arsebuli sistematuri gansxvavebis daregulirebis<br />

mizniT, mTeli bgeraTrigi iyo standartizebuli t<strong>on</strong> si-s mixedviT. es Sedegi gviCvenebs, rom<br />

o da-s individualuri t<strong>on</strong>ebis simaRle, cvalebadi xarisxebiT mniSvnelovnad gadaixara

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