The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ... The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
46 nino ciciSvili upirveles yovlisa, minda movixsenio terminologiuri da eTnografiuli paralelebi qarTul orovela-urmulebsa da somxur da azerbaijanul orovel da olovar simRerebs So– ris. somex musikimcodneTa gamokvlevebis mixedviT, orovel aris krebiTi saxeli, romliTac somxeTSi ixsenieben samiwaTmoqmedo ciklTan (xvna, lewva, ganiaveba) dakavSirebul simRe– rebs (Atayan, 1965: 6). qarTveli eTnografebi am terminTan akavSireben uZvelesi samiwaT– moqmedo RvTaebis saxels, romelsac qarTveli glexebi sTxovdnen baraqian mosavals. am sim– Rerebis Sesruleba uaRresad mniSvnelovnad iRvleboda nayofieri mosavlis misaRebad. musika– lur-stiluri siaxlove qarTul orovelebsa da somxur horovels Soris ganxilulia eTnomusikologiur literaturaSi (Mamaladze, 1962: 33; Kazarova, 1980: 22). azerbaijaneli glexebi adreuli gazafxulis pirveli xnulis gavlebisas mRerodnen simRera holovars (Javadova, Javadov). terminologiuri da eTnografiuli konteqsi aSkarad migviTiTebs rom azerbaijanul holovars, somxur horovels da qarTl-kaxur orovelas msgavsi istoriuli Zirebi unda hqondeT. orovelas gavrcelebis geografia amierkavkasiidan ufro Sorsac midis aRmosavleTisa da samxreTis mimarTulebiT da moicavs yofili sabWoTa kavSiris centraluri aziis res– publikebs (amJamad damoukidebel qveynebs). kerZod, uzbekeTSi, tajikeTsa da yirgizeTSi vxvdebiT solo saimReris Janrs, saxelwodebiT maida (niSnavs pataras). es simRera srul– deboda garkveuli SromiTi procesebis Sesrulebis dros, roca magaliTad, xarebs erekebod– nen marcvleuliT savse kaloze. meore simReris teqstSi glexi sTxovs xars, romelic safqvav qvas atrialebs, rom ufro wvrilad dafqvas marcvali (karomatovi, abdulaevi, 1985). yirgizuli maida aseve Seicavs SeZaxilebs oroi, oroi (beliaevi, 1974: 4), romelic axlosaa somxur, azerbaijanul da qarTl-kaxur sityvebTan da SeZaxilebTan orovel, ho– rovel, da holovar. qarTl-kaxuri orovelas msgavsad, uzbekuri maida efuZvneba ornamen– tul molodikas, agebulia tetraqordul kiloebze, imRereba araregulaluradaqcentire– bul ritmSi, da Tavisufal metrSi. simReris formac aseve warmoadgens sxvadasxva sididisa da gansxvavebuli melodiuri Sinaarsis mqone frazebis Tanmimdevobas. miuxedavad zemoT aRniSnuli msgavsebisa, aris mTeli rigi kulturuli ganxvavebebi aRmosavleT saqarTvelos solo Sromis simRerebsa da axlo aRmosavleTis sasimRero stil– Si, magram Cems moxsenebaSi ar aris SesaZlebloba rom es aspeqti ufro dawvrilebiT gan– vixilo. aRmosavleT saqarTvelos `grZeli~ simRerebis (igulisxmeba rogorc mravalxmiani suf– ris simRerebi, ise solo Sromis simRerebi) Sedareba amierkavkasiisa da centraluri aziis simRerebTan gviCvenebs, rom aRmosavleT saqarTvelos `grZeli~ simRerebi Sualedur pozici– as ikavebs erTis mxriv qarTul mravalxmian kulturasa da meores mxriv wina da mcire aziur monodiur kulturebs Soris. monodiuri solo simReris elementebi integrirebulia qarTul mravalxmiani simReris enaSi da vlindeba mxolod monodiuri stiluri elementebis saxiT. me am movlenas vuwodeb `monodias mravalxmian konteqstSi~. saqarTvelos, somxeTis, azerbaijanisada centraluri aziis musikalur stilebs Soris arsebuli paralelebis istoriuli interpretacia rogorc es naCvenebi iyo SedarebiTi analizis dros, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos `grZeli~ sufruli simRerebi Seicaven mTel rig mniSvnelovan Taviseburebebs, rac maT, erTi mxriv,
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mravalxmiani sasimRero stilis SedarebiTi da dargTaSorisi Seswavla axlo aRmosavleTisa da centraluri aziis monodiuri musikis konteqstSi ganasxvavebs saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeebisa da sxva Janrebis simRerebisagan da, meore mxriv, aaxloeben maT sasimRero stilebTan, romlebsac vxvdebiT samxreT amierkavkasiaSi, wina da centralur aziaSi. Cndeba logikuri kiTxvebi: ratom aris zogierTi qarTuli sasimRero stili gavrcelebuli mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi da maTi araviTari kvali ara gvxvdeba dasavleT saqarTveloSi? aris Tu ara aRniSnuli gansxvavebebi da msgavsebebi Si– nagani istoriuli ganviTarebis Sedegi, Tu isini asaxaven am regionSi mimdinare garkveul istoriul procesebs, rogorica magaliTad migraciebi da kulturuli gavlenebi sxva regi– onebidan? SedarebiT axali (XVI-XVIII sukuneebis) kulturul-politikuri kontaqtebi aRmosavleT saqarTvelos baris regionebs da sparseTs Soris farTod aris dokumentirebuli. somxuri da azrbaijanuli mosaxleobis gavlena saqarTvelos demografiaze da gansakuTrebiT qala– qur kulturaze gansakuTrebiT Zlieri iyo adreuli Sua saukunebidan (VII saukunidan) (Mshve– lidze, 1970: 10; Tsitsishvili, 2007). ramdenadac viciT, qarTuli glexuri (soflis) musika ZiriTadad ganze darCa ucxo zegavlenebisagan. Sesabamisad, mosalodnelia, rom is stilisturi maxasiaTeblebi, rac aR– mosavleT saqarTvelos `grZel~ simRerebs gamoarCevs sxva Janrisa da regionis sasimRero stulebisagan, ufro adreuli, preistoriuli kontaqtebis Sedegi iyos, konaqtebisa, romle– bic ar arian dokumentirebuli werilobiT istoriul wyaroebSi. Cemi azriT, aseTi uZvele– si kontaqtebis SeswavlisaTvis Cven gvWirdeba dargTaSorisi kvleva arqeologiis, lingvis– tikis da fizikuri anTropologiis monacemebis gamoyenebiT. upirveles yovlisa, saWiroa Tva–li gadavavloT kulturis ganviTarebs istorias saqarTvelos teritoriaze preistori– ul periodSi arqeologiuri monacemebis mixedviT. arqeologiuri monacemebis mixedviT, saqarTvelos teritoriaze kulturuli fenebi ganviTareba Zalian erTgvari da ucvleli iyo paleoliTidan adreuli brinjaos epoqamde. arqeologiuri monacemebiT, adreul brinjaos epoqaSi (IV-III aTaswleulebi Zv.w.) axali kul– tura, e.w. mtkvar-araqsis kultura, gamoCnda aRmosavleT saqarTvelos teritoriaze. es iyo axali epoqis dasawyisi, romelmac Secvala adreuli kulturuli erToba amierkavkasiaSi. mtkvar-araqsis kultura, romelmac Secvala wina adreuli samiwaTmoqmedo kultura (Japaridze, 1976), ZiriTadad gavrcelebuli iyo dablob regionebSi aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, somxeT– sa (araratis dablobSi) da azerbaijanSi, aseve aRmosavleT anatoliaSi, sparseTSi, siriasa da palestinaSi (Burney, 1971). arqeologiur gamokvlevebSi mtkvar-araqsis kultura aRweri– lia rogorc ori gansxvavebuli kulturis sinTezi, romelTaganac erTi iyo adgilobrivi warmoSobis, meore ki motanili axladmosuli tomebis mier centraluri aziidan. arqeolo– gebis nawili Tvlis, rom mtvar-araqsis kulturis dakavSireba migraciis Sedegad mosul mosaxleobasTan ar aris myari (Japaridze, 1976: 63), Tumca sxva mecnierebis azriT mtkar-araqsis kulturis kontaqtebi uZveles dasavleT da centraluri aziis civilizaciebTan sakmaod mkafioa (Lortkipanidze, 1989: 114). adgilobriv kavkasiuri da centraluri aziidan mosul kulturebs Soris kontaqtis Teorias mxars uWeren SedarebiTi lingvistikis monacemebic. lingvisturi gamokvvlevebis mixedviT, adgilobrivma qarTvelurma enebma SeiTvises indoevropuli ojaxis enebis garkve– uli elementebi (Machavariani, 1964: 6). istorikosi giorgi meliqiSvili amtkicebda, rom indoevro– puli enebis elementebi Seerwya adgilobriv qarTvelur enebs mtvar-araqsis arqeologiuri 47
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- Page 9 and 10: edaqtorebisagan winamdebare krebulS
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- Page 13 and 14: From The Editors G
- Page 15: aziuri tradiciuli polifonia ASIAN T
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- Page 26 and 27: 26 Joseph Jordania scholar Schehera
- Page 28 and 29: 28 Joseph Jordania 2. Asian polypho
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- Page 68 and 69: 68 maikl tenzeri. danarTi Michael T
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- Page 78 and 79: 78 Yu-Hsiu Lu in Taiwanese aborigin
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- Page 92 and 93: 92 Marina Kavtaradze, Ekaterine Buc
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aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mravalxmiani sasimRero stilis SedarebiTi da dargTaSorisi<br />
Seswavla axlo aRmosavleTisa da centraluri aziis m<strong>on</strong>odiuri musikis k<strong>on</strong>teqstSi<br />
ganasxvavebs saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeebisa da sxva Janrebis simRerebisagan da, meore mxriv,<br />
aaxloeben maT sasimRero stilebTan, romlebsac vxvdebiT samxreT amierkavkasiaSi, wina da<br />
centralur aziaSi. Cndeba logikuri kiTxvebi: ratom aris zogierTi qarTuli sasimRero<br />
stili gavrcelebuli mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi da maTi araviTari kvali ara<br />
gvxvdeba dasavleT saqarTveloSi? aris Tu ara aRniSnuli gansxvavebebi da msgavsebebi Si–<br />
nagani istoriuli ganviTarebis Sedegi, Tu isini asaxaven am regi<strong>on</strong>Si mimdinare garkveul<br />
istoriul procesebs, rogorica magaliTad migraciebi da kulturuli gavlenebi sxva regi–<br />
<strong>on</strong>ebidan?<br />
SedarebiT axali (XVI-XVIII sukuneebis) kulturul-politikuri k<strong>on</strong>taqtebi aRmosavleT<br />
saqarTvelos baris regi<strong>on</strong>ebs da sparseTs Soris farTod aris dokumentirebuli. somxuri<br />
da azrbaijanuli mosaxleobis gavlena saqarTvelos demografiaze da gansakuTrebiT qala–<br />
qur kulturaze gansakuTrebiT Zlieri iyo adreuli Sua saukunebidan (VII saukunidan) (Mshve–<br />
lidze, 1970: 10; Tsitsishvili, 2007).<br />
ramdenadac viciT, qarTuli glexuri (soflis) musika ZiriTadad ganze darCa ucxo<br />
zegavlenebisagan. Sesabamisad, mosalodnelia, rom is stilisturi maxasiaTeblebi, rac aR–<br />
mosavleT saqarTvelos `grZel~ simRerebs gamoarCevs sxva Janrisa da regi<strong>on</strong>is sasimRero<br />
stulebisagan, ufro adreuli, preistoriuli k<strong>on</strong>taqtebis Sedegi iyos, k<strong>on</strong>aqtebisa, romle–<br />
bic ar arian dokumentirebuli werilobiT istoriul wyaroebSi. Cemi azriT, aseTi uZvele–<br />
si k<strong>on</strong>taqtebis SeswavlisaTvis Cven gvWirdeba dargTaSorisi kvleva arqeologiis, lingvis–<br />
tikis da fizikuri anTropologiis m<strong>on</strong>acemebis gamoyenebiT. upirveles yovlisa, saWiroa<br />
Tva–li gadavavloT kulturis ganviTarebs istorias saqarTvelos teritoriaze preistori–<br />
ul periodSi arqeologiuri m<strong>on</strong>acemebis mixedviT.<br />
arqeologiuri m<strong>on</strong>acemebis mixedviT, saqarTvelos teritoriaze kulturuli fenebi<br />
ganviTareba Zalian erTgvari da ucvleli iyo paleoliTidan adreuli brinjaos epoqamde.<br />
arqeologiuri m<strong>on</strong>acemebiT, adreul brinjaos epoqaSi (IV-III aTaswleulebi Zv.w.) axali kul–<br />
tura, e.w. mtkvar-araqsis kultura, gamoCnda aRmosavleT saqarTvelos teritoriaze. es iyo<br />
axali epoqis dasawyisi, romelmac Secvala adreuli kulturuli erToba amierkavkasiaSi.<br />
mtkvar-araqsis kultura, romelmac Secvala wina adreuli samiwaTmoqmedo kultura (Japaridze,<br />
1976), ZiriTadad gavrcelebuli iyo dablob regi<strong>on</strong>ebSi aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, somxeT–<br />
sa (araratis dablobSi) da azerbaijanSi, aseve aRmosavleT anatoliaSi, sparseTSi, siriasa<br />
da palestinaSi (Burney, 1971). arqeologiur gamokvlevebSi mtkvar-araqsis kultura aRweri–<br />
lia rogorc ori gansxvavebuli kulturis sinTezi, romelTaganac erTi iyo adgilobrivi<br />
warmoSobis, meore ki motanili axladmosuli tomebis mier centraluri aziidan. arqeolo–<br />
gebis nawili Tvlis, rom mtvar-araqsis kulturis dakavSireba migraciis Sedegad mosul<br />
mosaxleobasTan ar aris myari (Japaridze, 1976: 63), Tumca sxva mecnierebis azriT mtkar-araqsis<br />
kulturis k<strong>on</strong>taqtebi uZveles dasavleT da centraluri aziis civilizaciebTan sakmaod<br />
mkafioa (Lortkipanidze, 1989: 114).<br />
adgilobriv kavkasiuri da centraluri aziidan mosul kulturebs Soris k<strong>on</strong>taqtis<br />
Teorias mxars uWeren SedarebiTi lingvistikis m<strong>on</strong>acemebic. lingvisturi gamokvvlevebis<br />
mixedviT, adgilobrivma qarTvelurma enebma SeiTvises indoevropuli ojaxis enebis garkve–<br />
uli elementebi (Machavariani, 1964: 6). istorikosi giorgi meliqiSvili amtkicebda, rom indoevro–<br />
puli enebis elementebi Seerwya adgilobriv qarTvelur enebs mtvar-araqsis arqeologiuri<br />
47
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