The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
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aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mravalxmiani sasimRero stilis<br />

SedarebiTi da dargTaSorisi Seswavla axlo aRmosavleTisa da<br />

centraluri aziis m<strong>on</strong>odiuri musikis k<strong>on</strong>teqstSi<br />

makacTa jgufis mier. ori momRerali asrulebs solistis funqcias. isini eTmaneTs<br />

enacvlebian gabmuli, pedaluri burd<strong>on</strong>is f<strong>on</strong>ze, rac qmnis samxmian faqturas (sur. 1 a, b):<br />

a) solo momRerlebi mRerian antif<strong>on</strong>urad gundis gabmuli banis f<strong>on</strong>ze:<br />

solisti 1<br />

solisti 2<br />

gundi<br />

b) solistebi erTdroulad mRerian gundis f<strong>on</strong>ze:<br />

solisti 1<br />

solisti 2<br />

gundi<br />

solistebis mier antif<strong>on</strong>uri m<strong>on</strong>acvleoba gundis f<strong>on</strong>ze (sur. a) xSirad qmnis orxmian<br />

m<strong>on</strong>akveTebs sufrul simRerebSi, sadac mxolod erTi solisti mReris burd<strong>on</strong>uli banis<br />

f<strong>on</strong>ze da qmnis orxmian harm<strong>on</strong>iul kombinaciebs. melodiuri xazebis calke ganviTarebiT<br />

solistebi dem<strong>on</strong>strirebas ukeTeben solo (m<strong>on</strong>odiuri) Sesrulebis elements, imis magivrad,<br />

rom imRer<strong>on</strong> samxmian vertikalur faqturaSi sxva xmebTan erTad. qarTl-kaxeTSi Sromis<br />

solo simRerebia orovelebi (romlebSic erTiandeba guTnuri, kalouri da kevruli) da<br />

urmulebi. amaTgan, mxolod guTnuri SeiZleba Sesruldes (isic SedarebiT iSviaTad, yo–<br />

faSi) or xmaSi, solistis SesrulebiT gabmuli banis f<strong>on</strong>ze (Mamaladze, 1962: 14). pirveli faq–<br />

toris mixedviT grZeli sufruli simRerebi enaTesavebian solo Sromis simRerebs da am<br />

faqtoris mixedviT, qarTl-kaxur sufrulebSi mravalxmian faqturaSi SeimCneva m<strong>on</strong>odiuri<br />

SesrulebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli elementebi.<br />

grZeli simRerebisagan gansxvavebiT, qarTl-kaxeTis arc erT sxva Janris (ritualuri,<br />

saferxulo da ase Semdeg) simRerebSi ar gvaqvs Sesrulebis procesSi m<strong>on</strong>odiuri elementebis<br />

gamoyeneba. dasavleT saqarTvelos simRerebi mTlianad agebulia jgufur Sesrulebaze da<br />

mravalxmiani faqturis gamoyenebaze. solo simRerebi aq mxolod maSin sruldeba, roca sim-<br />

Reris socialuri funqcia moiTxovs amas (magaliTad, nanebi da tirilebi).<br />

meore faqtori: sasimRero xmebis melodiur-struqturuli roli<br />

qarTl-kaxur grZel simRerebSi (rogoricaa magaliTad, Cakrulo, zamTari, grZeli kaxu–<br />

ri mravalJamieri) ori solisti enacvleba erTmaneTs gabmuli banis f<strong>on</strong>ze, anda erwymian<br />

erTmaneTs samxmian faqturaSi. xmebis aseTi urTierToba xSirad warmoqmnis orxmian m<strong>on</strong>a–<br />

kveTebs, sadac erTi solisti aviTarebs melodias statikuri jgufuri banis f<strong>on</strong>ze. es qmnis<br />

solo simReris komp<strong>on</strong>ents am mravalxmian faqturaSi. gundi qarTl-kaxur grZel simRerebSi<br />

qmnis harm<strong>on</strong>iuli f<strong>on</strong>is funqcias, is ar gamoTqvams sityvier teqsts (arc glosolaliebs),<br />

mReris mxolod gabmul xmovnebze. Sesabamisad, miuxedavad imisa rom simReraSi m<strong>on</strong>awileobas<br />

iRebs sami xma, solo simReris esTetikis arseboba aq sakmaod TvalnaTelia.<br />

qarTl-kaxuri grZeli simRerebisgan gansxvavebiT, sxva sasimRero Janrebi (Sromis, ritu–<br />

aluri, sacekvao) qarTl-kaxeTSi dafuZnebulia sxva tipis mravalxmianobaze. solistebis mo–<br />

nacvleoba xSiria aRmosavleT saqarTvelos sxva Janris simRerebSic, magram ara dasavleT<br />

saqarTveloSi. dasavleT saqarTveloSi oTxi tipis mravalxmianobas vxvdebiT: (1) ostinato,<br />

43

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