The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
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The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ... The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

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402 svimon (jiqi) jangulaSvili 2. gamSveneba-gavarjiSeba galobis sanoto Canawerebis analizis Sedegad, aseve XIX saukunis moRvaweTa cnobebidan (kereseliZe, Q-674:189; xundaZe, 1911: V-VI; qoriZe: 1896) cxadia, rom gamSveneba an gavarjiSeba aris, erTi mxriv, tradiciuli, arqetipuli hangis intonaciur-struqturuli saxecvlileba da, amasTan erTad, gamSvenebuli himnis `dednis~, anu martivi originalis faqturis gans– xvavebuli transfiguracia, intensiuri polifonizeba (mag. 2 a, b). xSirad amas himnSi kilo– uri mravalferovnebis Semotanac emateba (gansakuTrebiT karbelaSvilebTan). yoveli gamSvenebuli himni romeliRac sada modelis da, amavdroulad, am ukanasknelTan saerTo invariantis garTulebul variants, mis intonaciur, polifoniur da harmoniul gar– dasaxvas, modelis unikalur mravalxmian ganxorcielebas warmoadgens, rac qarTuli galo– bis qmnadobis paradigmaa. aRsaniSnavia, rom ver vnaxavT sagalobels, sadac, musikaluri qsovilis agebisas, xmaTa Sewyobis mxolod erTi saxe iqneba gamoyenebuli. sagalobels axasiaTebs polifoniur xerx– Ta Sereuli, improvizaciuli gamoyeneba, TviT yvelaze umartives nimuSebSic ki, gvxvdeba xma– Ta Se wyobis sul cota, ori saxe mainc, sxvagan Tu ara – kadansebSi aucileblad. 3. sityvieri da musikaluri teqstebis urTierTmimarTeba gamSvenebaSi sagalobeli samadlobeli, sadidebeli, savedrebeli, saRvTo istoriis an dogmaturi swavlebis amsaxveli liturgikul-poeturi teqstis sxvadasxva tipis gamRerebaa. misi daniS– nulebaa RvTismsaxurebaSi dakanonebuli poeturi teqstis gamusikeba, musikaluri xelovne– bis gamomsaxveli Zalisa da mxatvrul-emociuri zemoqmedebiT msmenelisaTvis mimadleba su– lierebis, amaR lebulobisa da sakuTari pirovnebis Wvretisa, uflis gamomxsneli msxve– rplisa da aRdgomis, misi siyvarulisa da sidiadis wminda gancdisa. sada an namdvili kilos sagaloblebSi, sadac Warbobs silaburi, an e.w. nevmaturi tipis gamRerebebi, sityvisa da hangis mimarTeba orive sawyisis Tanasworuflebianobas emyareba. aq xSirad emTxveva erTmaneTs poetur-samety velo da musikaluri cezurebi. sityva da musika, poeturi samyaro da musikaluri Sinaarsi saerTo dramaturgiiT viTardeba. amave dros, sada an namdvili kilos himnebSive, gansakuTrebiT wirvis sagaloblebSi, arcTu iSviaTia SemTxvevebi, sadac poetur-sametyvelo da musikaluri cezurebi acdenilni arian da mxolod miaxloebiT Tu emTxvevian erTmaneTs. poeturi da musikaluri teqstebis cezuraTa acdenis SemTxvevebi sagaloblebSi gamS– venebis zrdasTan erTad matulobs. gamSveneba gulisxmobs gasamSvenebeli modelis ritmul gavrcobasac, roca gamravlebuli musikaluri cezurebi erT SemTxvevaSi, sityvieri teqstis im cezurebsac emTxveva, romelnic sada modelTa musikalur qsovilSi mkafiod Tu sustad gamoxatulni iyo; meore SemTxvevaSi ki, poeturi teqstis sintaqsur dayofas `saerTod ar iTvaliswinebs~. ufro metic _ isini xSirad sityvebs Suazec ki yofen. sityvisa da musikis urTierTmimarTebis gansakuTrebuli tipi warmogvidgeba evqaris– tiuli kanonis himnTa bolo nawilebSi, ganicadeebSi, did is pollebSi, romelni qerubimTas zogierT variantSi. am tipis himnebSi mcire sididis sityvieri teqsti vrcel, gamSvenebul musikalur masalazea gamRerebuli. gamSvenebis matebas, sagalobelSi musikaluri sawyisis gaaqtiurebas da mniSvnelobis gazrdas xSirad Sedegad mosdevs sityvieri sawyisis `mxolod intonirebis safuZvlad~, `mi–

mravalxmiani musikaluri qsovilis transformaciis Taviseburebani gamSvenebul sagaloblebSi 403 zezad~ gadaqceva (amis gamovlinebaa himnTa variantebSi identur formulebze sityvieri mar– cvlebis sxvadasxvanairi, sxvadasxva adgilze gadanawileba). didi xnis manZilze, sityvis an mis calkeul marcvalTa gamRereba, Semsruleblis an msmenelis fsiqologiur aRqmaSi, saga– loblis musikaluri sawyisis dominirebis gancdas iwvevs. aseTi Tavisebureba axasiaTebs rogorc grigoriseul da berZnul tradiciebs, ise, adreul evropul, gansakuTrebiT, ars antique-s mravalxmianobasac. am SemTxvevebSi, sagalobeli aRaraa `mxolod~ sityvieri teqstis gamRereba _ masSi mniSvnelovani xdeba Tavad musikaluri azris gamoTqma-ganviTareba, sityvieri teqstisagan damoukideblad. sagalobeli `usityvo locva-RaRadisad~, `sityviT uTqmelad~, `usityvo galobad~ (SuRlilaSvili, 2001), sxvanairad rom vTqvaT, sityvisagan damoukidebel, `TviT– kmar~ musikalur azrad, `sityviT gamouTqmelis gamomTqmel~ specifikur musikalur Rire– bulebad iqceva. sityvier teqstSi gadmocemul mxatvrul samyaros da sasuliero Sinaarss gamSveneba masStaburad, reliefurad gadmoscems musikis gamomsaxveli saSualebebis, speci– fikuri musikaluri Sinaarsis meSveobiT. 4. harmonia rogorc es, zogadad, Zvel modalobas axasiaTebs (JRenti, 2005), gamSvenebul sagalo– blebSic kilouri `mowyoba~ mravalxmiani linearuli ganviTarebis, tradiciuli cantus-is modusebis mravalxmiani ganxorcielebis Sedegia. kilouri sistema vlindeba da realizdeba mravalxmiani qsovilis Semadgeneli xmebis polifoniuri ansamblis meSveobiT. gamSvenebuli stilisaTvis gansakuTrebulad niSandoblivia farTo, gaSlili harmo– niuli vertikali; Tavisufali xmaTasvlis Sedegad miRebuli mravalnairi disonansuri TanaJReradobebis xSiri gamoyeneba; kilouri mravalferovneba da sirTule; kilouri ga– daxrebisa da modulaciebis siWarbe. es movlenebi miT ufro matulobs, rac ufro izrdeba qsovilis polifonizeba _ gamSveneba. gamSvenebul sagalobelSi gansxvavebuli intonaciuri da harmoniuli Taviseburebebis mqone TanxmovanebaTa gamudmebuli monacvleoba-livlivia. mudam lmobierebiT da sulieri siTboTi aRbeWdili, magram, amave dros, sxva dasxva Seferilobisa da ganwyobis mqone JRe– radobaTa denadi cvalebadoba qarTuli sagaloblis ganumeorebeli mSvenierebis erT-erTi saidumloa. 5. hangis gardasaxvis Taviseburebani gamSvenebaSi sada da namdvili kilos variantebSi SedarebiT stabiluri ritmuli struq turis mqone sintaqsuri nagebobebi gamSvenebisas mZafr ritmul da intonaciur metamorfozebs ganicdian. sada cantus-is gamSvenebisas, variantuli cvlilebis ZiriTadi xerxebia: 1) invariantis bgeraTa grZliobebisa da/an mcire sintaqsur erTeulTa ritmuli saxecvla. bgeraTa grZli– obebi ZiriTadad luwi cifruli maCvenebliT (2-jer, 4-jer...) izrdeba an mcirdeba (mag. 3), Tumca xSirad gamoiyeneba trioluri figurebic; 2) sada hangebis calkeuli bgerebis `adgil– ze~ ramdenime bgeriani sub motivebis gaCena. isini sayrden-safuZvels sxvadasxva simaRliT Sordebian, intonaciuri saTavis irgvliv sxvadasxva intervalur arealSi moZraoben [uax– loes (sekunda-tercia), saSualo (tercia-kvinta) da _ Sor (kvinta-decima)] (mag. 3, 4); 3) sada modelis mcire sintaqsur erTeulebSi an maT calkeul, segmentebSi bgerebis momateba rit–

mravalxmiani musikaluri qsovilis transformaciis<br />

Taviseburebani gamSvenebul sagaloblebSi<br />

403<br />

zezad~ gadaqceva (amis gamovlinebaa himnTa variantebSi identur formulebze sityvieri mar–<br />

cvlebis sxvadasxvanairi, sxvadasxva adgilze gadanawileba). didi xnis manZilze, sityvis an<br />

mis calkeul marcvalTa gamRereba, Semsruleblis an msmenelis fsiqologiur aRqmaSi, saga–<br />

loblis musikaluri sawyisis dominirebis gancdas iwvevs. aseTi Tavisebureba axasiaTebs<br />

rogorc grigoriseul da berZnul tradiciebs, ise, adreul evropul, gansakuTrebiT, ars<br />

antique-s mravalxmianobasac.<br />

am SemTxvevebSi, sagalobeli aRaraa `mxolod~ sityvieri teqstis gamRereba _ masSi<br />

mniSvnelovani xdeba Tavad musikaluri azris gamoTqma-ganviTareba, sityvieri teqstisagan<br />

damoukideblad. sagalobeli `usityvo locva-RaRadisad~, `sityviT uTqmelad~, `usityvo<br />

galobad~ (SuRlilaSvili, 2001), sxvanairad rom vTqvaT, sityvisagan damoukidebel, `TviT–<br />

kmar~ musikalur azrad, `sityviT gamouTqmelis gamomTqmel~ specifikur musikalur Rire–<br />

bulebad iqceva. sityvier teqstSi gadmocemul mxatvrul samyaros da sasuliero Sinaarss<br />

gamSveneba masStaburad, reliefurad gadmoscems musikis gamomsaxveli saSualebebis, speci–<br />

fikuri musikaluri Sinaarsis meSveobiT.<br />

4. harm<strong>on</strong>ia<br />

rogorc es, zogadad, Zvel modalobas axasiaTebs (JRenti, 2005), gamSvenebul sagalo–<br />

blebSic kilouri `mowyoba~ mravalxmiani linearuli ganviTarebis, tradiciuli cantus-is<br />

modusebis mravalxmiani ganxorcielebis Sedegia. kilouri sistema vlindeba da realizdeba<br />

mravalxmiani qsovilis Semadgeneli xmebis polif<strong>on</strong>iuri ansamblis meSveobiT.<br />

gamSvenebuli stilisaTvis gansakuTrebulad niSandoblivia farTo, gaSlili harmo–<br />

niuli vertikali; Tavisufali xmaTasvlis Sedegad miRebuli mravalnairi dis<strong>on</strong>ansuri<br />

TanaJReradobebis xSiri gamoyeneba; kilouri mravalferovneba da sirTule; kilouri ga–<br />

daxrebisa da modulaciebis siWarbe. es movlenebi miT ufro matulobs, rac ufro izrdeba<br />

qsovilis polif<strong>on</strong>izeba _ gamSveneba.<br />

gamSvenebul sagalobelSi gansxvavebuli int<strong>on</strong>aciuri da harm<strong>on</strong>iuli Taviseburebebis<br />

mq<strong>on</strong>e TanxmovanebaTa gamudmebuli m<strong>on</strong>acvleoba-livlivia. mudam lmobierebiT da sulieri<br />

siTboTi aRbeWdili, magram, amave dros, sxva dasxva Seferilobisa da ganwyobis mq<strong>on</strong>e JRe–<br />

radobaTa denadi cvalebadoba qarTuli sagaloblis ganumeorebeli mSvenierebis erT-erTi<br />

saidumloa.<br />

5. hangis gardasaxvis Taviseburebani gamSvenebaSi<br />

sada da namdvili kilos variantebSi SedarebiT stabiluri ritmuli struq turis mq<strong>on</strong>e<br />

sintaqsuri nagebobebi gamSvenebisas mZafr ritmul da int<strong>on</strong>aciur metamorfozebs ganicdian.<br />

sada cantus-is gamSvenebisas, variantuli cvlilebis ZiriTadi xerxebia: 1) invariantis<br />

bgeraTa grZliobebisa da/an mcire sintaqsur erTeulTa ritmuli saxecvla. bgeraTa grZli–<br />

obebi ZiriTadad luwi cifruli maCvenebliT (2-jer, 4-jer...) izrdeba an mcirdeba (mag. 3),<br />

Tumca xSirad gamoiyeneba trioluri figurebic; 2) sada hangebis calkeuli bgerebis `adgil–<br />

ze~ ramdenime bgeriani sub motivebis gaCena. isini sayrden-safuZvels sxvadasxva simaRliT<br />

Sordebian, int<strong>on</strong>aciuri saTavis irgvliv sxvadasxva intervalur arealSi moZraoben [uax–<br />

loes (sekunda-tercia), saSualo (tercia-kvinta) da _ Sor (kvinta-decima)] (mag. 3, 4); 3) sada<br />

modelis mcire sintaqsur erTeulebSi an maT calkeul, segmentebSi bgerebis momateba rit–

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