The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
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The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ... The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

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392 jeremi fauci lia. rogorc man Tqva, qarTveli mReroda yovelTvis, mwuxarebis Jams, Sromis dros. man agreTve gamoxata qarTuli marTlmadidebluri eklesiis, gansakuTrebiT, patriarqis didi erTguleba da Rvawli `saqarTvelos am saganZuris~ dacvaSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom igi ,,in– ternacionaluri~, evropuli notaciiTaa Semonaxuli. intervius bolos ki _ gviTxra, rom sasuliero musika ucvleladaa Semonaxuli XI-XII saukuneebis Semdeg, garda mcire kilouri variaciebisa. es ganpirobebulia frTxili, Segnebuli midgomiT zepiri gadacemis dros da, agreTve, qarTvelTa marTlmadideblobisadmi rwmeniTa da erTgulebiT (Foutz, Interview sub– ject B011, 2009). tradiciulobasTan dakavSirebul amave sakiTxebs ikvlevs elen koskofi (Koskoff) Tavis naSromSi Music in the Lubavitcher Life, romelic konkretuli ebrauli qvejgufis Lubavitcher-is mu– sikas exeba. tradiciis zusti gansazRvreba icvleba asakisa da religiis mixedviT. ramde– nadac gansxvavdeba Lubavitcher-is musikaluri yofa erTobis SigniT (Koskoff, 2001), imdenad gan– sxvavdeba yofisa da tradiciulobis gageba qarTvelebs Soris. bevri qarTveli fiqrobs, rom, rasakvirvelia, ,,cvlilebebi moxda~, magram arsi ucvleladaa SenarCunebuli. qarTuli tradiciuli musikis SemTxvevaSi, bevri, ram saSemsruleblo tradiciebTan da simRerebTan dakavSirebiT SenarCunebuli da aRdgenil iqna. sabednierod, konkretuli sam– galoblo skolebis vokaluri tradiciebisa da sxva tradiciuli vokaluri musikis kvleva kvlavac grZeldeba. bevr SemTxvevaSi, mkvlevarTa Sromebi uSualod exeba musikalur Ses– rulebas iseTi ansamblebis mier, rogoricaa: saxioba, mTiebi da bevri marTlmadidebluri taZris gundi. eqspediciebi audioCanawerTa Sesagroveblad, xels uwyobs qarTuli tradi– ciuli vokaluri musikis Secnobasa da SenarCunebas, rogorc, magaliTad, es ansambl mze– Tamzes magaliTze Cans. siZvelisa da tradiciulobis cnebis pirvandeli gageba da gamo-yeneba kvlevis am etapze, siZvelisa da tradiciulobis mniSvnelobaze msjelobisas, qarTveli moqalaqeebisa da eTnomusikologebis mosazrebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, cxadi xdeba, rom qar– Tuli musika warsulis musikaa. Cemi azriT, siZvele da tradiciuloba, qarTuli tradi– ciuli vokaluri musikis konteqstSi, warmoadgens maT Soris ganmasxvavebeli niSnebis Sesaxeb dialogis Semadgenel nawils. socialuri Teoretikosis, georg simmelis (Simmel) SromaSi gansakuTrebiTaa xazgasmuli ori mTavari ganmasxvavebeli niSani. upirveles yovlisa, Tavis naSromSi Essays on Religion (narkvevebi religiaze), is aRwers zegavlenis sferoebs. religia warmoadgens erT-erT udi– des sferos, an ,,arsebobis udides formas~. rogorc simmeli acxadebs, igi sakuTar CarCoSi aqcevs yovelive danarCens da ideebis damoukidebel ierarqias qmnis. is amtkicebs, rom ,,per– sonalur Tu materialuri ZalebTan~ Cveni urTierTqmedebis dros, isini Cveni yofis daqvem– debarebaSi eqcevian (Simmel, 1977: 137). sxva kulturebs, SesaZloa, hqondeT arsebobis sfe– roebis sruliad gansxvavebuli wesrigi. ufro metic, Tuki Zalebi sakmaod damangrevelia, maTi aRiareba da mogvareba SesaZlebelia cxovrebis im elementebis reorganizaciis meSve– obiT, romlebSic ngreva ZiriTadi sfero xdeba (Simmel, 1977: 137). saqarTvelos istoria savsea magaliTebiT, rodesac, rusuli da sabWoTa xelisuflebis ZalisxmeviT, sfero orienti– rebulia jer mefeze (the czar), xolo mogvianebiT, stalinis personis kultze. amis sapi– rispirod, qarTuli tradiciuli vokaluri musikis Sesaxeb miRebuli informaciT, istoriis werilobiT wyaroebze, eTnomusikologiur literaturaze, Tanamedrove qarTvelebTan Cems

siZvele da tradiciuloba qarTul tradiciul vokalur musikaSi 393 interviuebsa da saubrebze dayrdnobiT, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom qarTuli sfero organizebulia religiisa da cxovrebis agraruli stilis garSemo. miuxedavad imisa, rom am Teoriebze ar saubrobs, Tamar mesxs moaqvs aseTi magaliTi: `Tu tradiciuli folklori axal Taobebs ganawyobs Zalmomreobis, borotebis, muxanaTobis winaaRmdeg da filosofiur-didaqtikuri xasiaTisaa, axal folkloruli repertuarSi es tendenciebi Caanacvla lenin-stalinis kultma, kolmeurneobebisa da kapitalisturi samyaros winaaRmdeg diadi patriotuli omis ideebma~ (Meskhi, 2002: 501). qarTul tradiciul vokalur musikaSi wminda qarTuli xasiaTis mZlavri gamovlineba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, rogorc nawili bunebrivi procesisa, romelSic ikveTeba ganmasxvavebeli niSnebi. erqomaiSvili da rodonaia aRniSnaven: `dRes umravlesoba uWers mxars im Teorias, rom qarTuli polifonia yovelgvari gare gavlenebis gareSe Camoyalibda. gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia, rom qarTuli mravalxmiani simRera mono– diuri sasimRero tradiciebis mqone xalxTa garemocvaSi ganviTarda. miuxedavad imisa, rom, mezobel, Crdilo kavkasiel xalxTa simRerebSi Cans mravalxmianobis garkveuli elementebi, isini arc ise mZlavria saimisod, rom Searyios qarTuli mravalxmianobis lokaluri warmoSobis Teoria~ (Erkomaishvili, Rodonaia, 2006: 24). am ori sferos urTierTzemoqmedeba SedarebiT ufro mcire masStabebSi asaxavs gan– masxvavebeli niSnebis meore mxaresac. simmeli aRniSnavs, rom rac ufro didia msgavseba mxareebs Soris, ufro mZlavria maTi ,,personaluri me~ urTierTqmedebis/kavSiris dros, rac ufro Rrma da mZafr winaaRmdegobas qmnis, radganac monawile mxareebi mudmivad cdiloben sakuTari mTlianobis/mes ganmtkicebas (Simmel, 1971: 91). am Teoriis bevri magaliTi gvxvdeba saqarTvelos istoriaSi. Tavdapirvelad, ruseTTan naTesauri grZnoba gamowveuli iyo imiT, rom orive qveyanas Rrma kavSirebi hqonda marTl– madideblur qristianobasTan da, ramdenadac, religias centraluri mniSvneloba hqonda orive qveynisTvis, maT bevri ram hqondaT saerTo rwmenasTan mimarTebaSi. sabWoTa kavSiris SeqmnasTan erTad, sisxliani daSoriSoreba qarTvel menSevikebsa (umciresoba) da rus da qarTvel bolSevikebs (umravlesoba) Soris, am Teoriis kidev erTi magaliTia. miuxedavad imisa, rom merCivna, Tavi ameridebina fsiqoanalitikuri CaRrmavebisagan, unda iTqvas, rom stalinis (da mogvianebiT, lavrenti berias) Sizoiduri da Zaladobrivi damokidebuleba sakuTari qveynis mimarT, SeiZleba, swored am TeoriiT aixsnas. cdilobdnen ra, gaqceodnen saqarTvelos da Camdgariyvnen sabWoTa idealebis samsaxurSi, isini saSinlad Cagravdnen mSobliur qveyanas da im adamianebs, visTanac manamde amdeni hqondaT saerTo. Cemi azriT, sabWoTa periodSi, am or sferos Soris arsebuli urTerTdamokidebulebis Sedegad, siZvelisa da tradiciulobis cnebam axali datvirTva SeiZina qarTul kulturaSi da qarTul tradiciul vokalur musikaSi. es ori cneba SeiZleba gagebul iqnas, rogorc reaqcia stalinis modernizaciis politikisa da misi saqarTvelos `CamorCenilobasTan~ brZolis warumateblobaze. qarTuli vokaluri musikis siZvele da tradiciuloba iZleva imis saSualebas, rom dadgindes gansxvaveba/zRvari saqarTvelosa da mis geografiul mezoblebs Soris. da bolos, tradiciebis (tradiciulobis) dacva exmareba qarTvelebs war– sulTan kavSirsa da, am gziT, TviTmyofadobis SenarCunebaSi, riTac isini kulturulad emij– nebian im `sxvebs~, vinc warsulSi ZaliT iyo SemoWrili saqarTveloSi. Targmna nana mJavanaZem

392<br />

jeremi fauci<br />

lia. rogorc man Tqva, qarTveli mReroda yovelTvis, mwuxarebis Jams, Sromis dros. man<br />

agreTve gamoxata qarTuli marTlmadidebluri eklesiis, gansakuTrebiT, patriarqis didi<br />

erTguleba da Rvawli `saqarTvelos am saganZuris~ dacvaSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom igi ,,in–<br />

ternaci<strong>on</strong>aluri~, evropuli notaciiTaa Sem<strong>on</strong>axuli. intervius bolos ki _ gviTxra, rom<br />

sasuliero musika ucvleladaa Sem<strong>on</strong>axuli XI-XII saukuneebis Semdeg, garda mcire kilouri<br />

variaciebisa. es ganpirobebulia frTxili, Segnebuli midgomiT zepiri gadacemis dros da,<br />

agreTve, qarTvelTa marTlmadideblobisadmi rwmeniTa da erTgulebiT (Foutz, Interview sub–<br />

ject B011, 2009).<br />

tradiciulobasTan dakavSirebul amave sakiTxebs ikvlevs elen koskofi (Koskoff) Tavis<br />

naSromSi Music in the Lubavitcher Life, romelic k<strong>on</strong>kretuli ebrauli qvejgufis Lubavitcher-is mu–<br />

sikas exeba. tradiciis zusti gansazRvreba icvleba asakisa da religiis mixedviT. ramde–<br />

nadac gansxvavdeba Lubavitcher-is musikaluri yofa erTobis SigniT (Koskoff, 2001), imdenad gan–<br />

sxvavdeba yofisa da tradiciulobis gageba qarTvelebs Soris. bevri qarTveli fiqrobs, rom,<br />

rasakvirvelia, ,,cvlilebebi moxda~, magram arsi ucvleladaa SenarCunebuli.<br />

qarTuli tradiciuli musikis SemTxvevaSi, bevri, ram saSemsruleblo tradiciebTan da<br />

simRerebTan dakavSirebiT SenarCunebuli da aRdgenil iqna. sabednierod, k<strong>on</strong>kretuli sam–<br />

galoblo skolebis vokaluri tradiciebisa da sxva tradiciuli vokaluri musikis kvleva<br />

kvlavac grZeldeba. bevr SemTxvevaSi, mkvlevarTa Sromebi uSualod exeba musikalur Ses–<br />

rulebas iseTi ansamblebis mier, rogoricaa: saxioba, mTiebi da bevri marTlmadidebluri<br />

taZris gundi. eqspediciebi audioCanawerTa Sesagroveblad, xels uwyobs qarTuli tradi–<br />

ciuli vokaluri musikis Secnobasa da SenarCunebas, rogorc, magaliTad, es ansambl mze–<br />

Tamzes magaliTze Cans.<br />

siZvelisa da tradiciulobis cnebis pirvandeli gageba da gamo-yeneba<br />

kvlevis am etapze, siZvelisa da tradiciulobis mniSvnelobaze msjelobisas, qarTveli<br />

moqalaqeebisa da eTnomusikologebis mosazrebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, cxadi xdeba, rom qar–<br />

Tuli musika warsulis musikaa. Cemi azriT, siZvele da tradiciuloba, qarTuli tradi–<br />

ciuli vokaluri musikis k<strong>on</strong>teqstSi, warmoadgens maT Soris ganmasxvavebeli niSnebis<br />

Sesaxeb dialogis Semadgenel nawils.<br />

socialuri Teoretikosis, georg simmelis (Simmel) SromaSi gansakuTrebiTaa xazgasmuli<br />

ori mTavari ganmasxvavebeli niSani. upirveles yovlisa, Tavis naSromSi Essays <strong>on</strong> Religi<strong>on</strong><br />

(narkvevebi religiaze), is aRwers zegavlenis sferoebs. religia warmoadgens erT-erT udi–<br />

des sferos, an ,,arsebobis udides formas~. rogorc simmeli acxadebs, igi sakuTar CarCoSi<br />

aqcevs yovelive danarCens da ideebis damoukidebel ierarqias qmnis. is amtkicebs, rom ,,per–<br />

s<strong>on</strong>alur Tu materialuri ZalebTan~ Cveni urTierTqmedebis dros, isini Cveni yofis daqvem–<br />

debarebaSi eqcevian (Simmel, 1977: 137). sxva kulturebs, SesaZloa, hq<strong>on</strong>deT arsebobis sfe–<br />

roebis sruliad gansxvavebuli wesrigi. ufro metic, Tuki Zalebi sakmaod damangrevelia,<br />

maTi aRiareba da mogvareba SesaZlebelia cxovrebis im elementebis reorganizaciis meSve–<br />

obiT, romlebSic ngreva ZiriTadi sfero xdeba (Simmel, 1977: 137). saqarTvelos istoria savsea<br />

magaliTebiT, rodesac, rusuli da sabWoTa xelisuflebis ZalisxmeviT, sfero orienti–<br />

rebulia jer mefeze (the czar), xolo mogvianebiT, stalinis pers<strong>on</strong>is kultze. amis sapi–<br />

rispirod, qarTuli tradiciuli vokaluri musikis Sesaxeb miRebuli informaciT, istoriis<br />

werilobiT wyaroebze, eTnomusikologiur literaturaze, Tanamedrove qarTvelebTan Cems

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