The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...
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The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ... The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

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388 jeremi fauci ciebis molodini, aramed, isini unda ganvixiloT, rogorc varaudebis sfero. gavixseneb bra– ian masumis (Massumi) Sromas. Tavis wignSi Parables for the Virtual: Movement, Affect, Sensation (vir– tualobis igavebi: moZraoba, zemoqmedeba, SegrZneba), igi iyenebs aRwerilobisa da ,,defi– niciis~ midgomas, romelic efuZneba ideas, rom koncefcia SeiZleba iyos ,,abstraqtuli, mag– ram namdvili~ (Masumi, 2002: 5-16). mas moaqvs zenos isris magaliTi, imis saCveneblad, rom isris srolis aRqma misi bolo wertiliTaa SesaZlebeli. konkretuli terminebis saSualebiT mov– lenaTa definiciisas, ikveTeba maTi daniSnulebis adgili, koncefcia, Tumca, xSir SemTx– vevaSi, saboloo wertilamde gavlili gzis ignorireba xdeba. es ar niSnavs, rom ganxiluli koncefciebi mTlianad subieqturia, Tumca ganvlili gza, SesaZloa, ufro mniSvnelovanic iyos, vidre daniSnulebis adgili. masumis Tavisufal perifrazirebas Tu movaxdenT, de– finicia aris adgili, sadac arasodes araferi xdeba (Masumi, 2002: 27). Cemi mizania, informaciis uSualo gaziareba interviuebisa da qarTveli eTnomusiko– logebis naSromebis meSveobiT da, ramdenadac SesaZlebelia, terminebis tradiciuli, akade– miuri gansazRvrebisagan Tavis Sekaveba. uZvelesobis ganmarteba da magaliTebi arsebuli wyaroebidan Cemi codnidan da gamocdilebidan gamomdinare, rodesac qarTveli afasebs raRacas, rogorc ,,Zvels~, drois TvalsazrisiT es yovelTvis axlosaa imasTan, rasac evropaSi ,,uZvelesi~ hqvia. saqarTvelos msgavsad, dasavleT evropisa da amerikis bevri regioni aTasobiT wlis ukan iyo dasaxlebuli. miuxedavad amisa, kulturuli jgufebi, romlebic dRes warmoadgens am regionebs, arc Tu ise Zveli warmoSobisaa, rac SesaZlebels xdis imis gagebas, Tu ra gansxvavebaa Zvelsa da uZveless Soris. uZvelesobis gansazRvrisas fokusireba ar xdeba droze. monacemTa Cemeuli interpre– taciiT, uZvelesobis qarTuli gageba sakmaod moqnilia, imdenad Soreuli, ramdenadac wina– qristianuli xana da imdenad axlo, ramdenadac gasabWoebiswina periodi. mocemuli kvle– vis monacemTa baza aRwers uZvelesobas, rogorc mniSvnelovnad Soreulis aRqmas sivrceSi, cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebis pirobebSi. qarTveli eTnomusikologebis naSromTa kiTxvisas, iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom isini Zalisxmevas ar iSureben logikuri da empiriuli mtkice– bulebebis mosapoveblad qarTuli tradiciuli vokaluri musikis siZvelis dasamtkiceblad. 2009 wlis 23 ivliss, mixeil saakaSvilma amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis vice prezident– Tan, jon baidenTan Sexvedris dros warmoTqmul misasalmebel sityvaSi xazgasmiT mianiSna qarTveli eris simtkiceze, romelic 3000 wels iTvlis (Saakashvili, 2009). vokaluri mravalxmi– anobis saTaveebisa da evoluciis kvlevisas, qarTul literaturaSi yuradReba maxvildeba mis siZveleze Tanamedrove gagebiT. statiebis, leqciebis, audioCanawerebis didi umravle– sobis safuZvelze, iTvleba, rom vokaluri polifonia qarTuli musikis uZvelesi formaa. amgvari damokidebuleba mniSvnelovanwilad efuZneba berZeni istorikosis (401 Cv.w.aR.-mde), qsenofontes dakvirvebas, romelic aRwers dRevandeli saqarTvelos teritoriaze mcxovrebi tomebis, mosinikebis sabrZolo simRerebs, romlebsac ,,gansxvavebulad~ asrulebdnen (Jor– dania, 2000: 842-843). cnobili qarTveli mkvlevari rusudan wurwumia aseve miuTiTebs mis uZve– les bunebaze. igive wyaroze dayrdnobiT, is wers: ,,marTlac, SeuZlebelia imis mtkiceba, rom ,,gansakuTrebulobaSi~ berZeni istorikosi mravalxmianobas gulisxmobda, magram is kia savaraudo, rom ukve im droisaTvis qarTuli simRera mravalxmiani iyo, radgan am ,,gan–

siZvele da tradiciuloba qarTul tradiciul vokalur musikaSi 389 sakuTrebulma~ sasimRero kulturam ramdenime saukunis Semdeg monodiur qristianul samya– roSi gamorCeuli qarTuli mravalxmiani galobis TviTmyofadi saxe ganapiroba~ (Tsurtsumia, 2002: 97). siZvelesTan dakavSirebuli amgvari gancxadebebi, aseve, efuZneba xelnawerTa kvlevis Sedegebs, romelic miuTiTebs vokaluri musikis kargad ganviTarebuli sanoto da zepiri gadacemis sistemebis arsebobaze me-13 saukunemde. manana andriaZe da Tamar CxeiZe am sakiTxs ganixilaven TavianT naSromebSi, romelic qarTul sasuliero musikaSi Wrelis sistemis musikaluri notaciis istoriul wyaroebs exeba. isini uSveben imis SesaZleblobas, rom Wreli Seiqmna XVIII-XIX saukuneebSi ukve miviwyebuli qarTuli nevmebis Casanacvleblad, mag– ram xelnawerebis Sedarebis safuZvelze Cans, rom Wreli arsebobda nevmebis paralelurad jer kidev me-13 saukuneSi (Andriadze, Chkheidze 2002: 452-454). saqarTveloSi pirvel audioCanawe– rebze gamocemul wignSi, anzor erqomaiSvili da vaxtang rodonaia akeTeben gansxvavebul analizs da qarTuli xalxuri simReris saTaveebs Cv.w-mde mesame-meore aTaswleulebiT, xolo qarTuli mravalxmiani galobis warmoSobas Cv.w-iT me-6 saukuniT aTariReben (Erkomaishvili, Rodonaia, 2006: 24). TiTqmis yvela qarTveli mkvlevris azriT, CanawerebSi, xelnawerebsa da Tanamedrove saSemsruleblo praqtikaSi mkafiod Cans is ,,intonaciuri da sametyvelo Zirebi~ da mniSv– nelovani elementebi, romlebic qarTuli vokaluri mravalxmianobis siZveleze metyvelebs. ioseb Jordania am sakiTxs ufro farTo konteqstSi ganixilavs da gvTavazobs eTnomusi– kologiur kvlevas mravalmxriv _ biologiis, istoriografiis, xelnawerTa kvlevis, ling– vistikis, metyvelebis paTologiis aspeqtSi (Jordania, 2006). evsevi WoxoneliZe, aseve, ikvlevs mravalxmianobis saTaveebs qarTul konteqstSi. pirveli simpoziumis masalebSi warmodge– nil statiaSi igi msjelobs qristianul da warmarTul religiur kulturaTa urTierTda– mokidebulebaze IV-V saukuneebSi da maT individualur aRmavlobaze religiur praqtikasa da liturgikul vokalur mravalxmianobaSi. `TiToeuli am individualuri faqtoris rolma ganapiroba iseTi mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi, rogoricaa mravalxmianobis sxvadasxva struq– turuli tipebis warmoqmna, polifoniuri azrovnebis ganviTareba da xmebis kontrastuli moZraoba~ (Chokhonelidze, 2002: 107). Tamaz gabisonia, Tavis kvlevaSi qarTuli vokaluri mravalxmianobis warmoSobis Sesa– xeb, acxadebs: ,,Cveni, qarTveli musikismcodneebis movaleobaa arsebul hipoTezebs Soris SevarCioT qarTuli tradiciuli mravalxmianobis ganviTarebis yvelaze mtkice da myari modelebi~ (Gabisonia, 2004: 73). igive damokidebuleba gamosWvivis uZvelesobasTan dakavSirebiT im interviuebidan, rom– lebic 2009 wels Caviwere centralur saqarTvelosa da kaxeTSi. aqve moviyvan citatas: `ro– gorc iciT, magaliTad, dasavluri tipis reklamebSi, Tqven yovelTvis acxadebT, rom es axalia. qarTvelebi (reklamebSi) ufro imas gausvamdnen xazs, rom es Zvelia. Zveli Rvino, Zveli yavac ki, warmoidgineT da a.S. da a.S. amgvarad, fiqri momavlisken ki ara, ufro war– suliskenaa mimarTuli. es, garkveulwilad, Tavdacvis meqanizmia. momavali gaurkvevelia, war– suli ki _ kargad nacnobi. Cveni qveyana Zlevamosili iyo XII-XIII saukuneebSi~ (Foutz, Interview subject B005, 2009). garda drois distanciisa, arsebobs agreTve eqsperimentuli distancia imasTan dakavSi– rebiT, Tu rogor aRiqvamen qarTvelebi TavianT warsuls. imis sailustraciod, Tu warsul–

388<br />

jeremi fauci<br />

ciebis molodini, aramed, isini unda ganvixiloT, rogorc varaudebis sfero. gavixseneb bra–<br />

ian masumis (Massumi) Sromas. Tavis wignSi Parables for the Virtual: Movement, Affect, Sensati<strong>on</strong> (vir–<br />

tualobis igavebi: moZraoba, zemoqmedeba, SegrZneba), igi iyenebs aRwerilobisa da ,,defi–<br />

niciis~ midgomas, romelic efuZneba ideas, rom k<strong>on</strong>cefcia SeiZleba iyos ,,abstraqtuli, mag–<br />

ram namdvili~ (Masumi, 2002: 5-16). mas moaqvs zenos isris magaliTi, imis saCveneblad, rom isris<br />

srolis aRqma misi bolo wertiliTaa SesaZlebeli. k<strong>on</strong>kretuli terminebis saSualebiT mov–<br />

lenaTa definiciisas, ikveTeba maTi daniSnulebis adgili, k<strong>on</strong>cefcia, Tumca, xSir SemTx–<br />

vevaSi, saboloo wertilamde gavlili gzis ignorireba xdeba. es ar niSnavs, rom ganxiluli<br />

k<strong>on</strong>cefciebi mTlianad subieqturia, Tumca ganvlili gza, SesaZloa, ufro mniSvnelovanic<br />

iyos, vidre daniSnulebis adgili. masumis Tavisufal perifrazirebas Tu movaxdenT, de–<br />

finicia aris adgili, sadac arasodes araferi xdeba (Masumi, 2002: 27).<br />

Cemi mizania, informaciis uSualo gaziareba interviuebisa da qarTveli eTnomusiko–<br />

logebis naSromebis meSveobiT da, ramdenadac SesaZlebelia, terminebis tradiciuli, akade–<br />

miuri gansazRvrebisagan Tavis Sekaveba.<br />

uZvelesobis ganmarteba da magaliTebi arsebuli wyaroebidan<br />

Cemi codnidan da gamocdilebidan gamomdinare, rodesac qarTveli afasebs raRacas,<br />

rogorc ,,Zvels~, drois TvalsazrisiT es yovelTvis axlosaa imasTan, rasac evropaSi<br />

,,uZvelesi~ hqvia. saqarTvelos msgavsad, dasavleT evropisa da amerikis bevri regi<strong>on</strong>i<br />

aTasobiT wlis ukan iyo dasaxlebuli. miuxedavad amisa, kulturuli jgufebi, romlebic<br />

dRes warmoadgens am regi<strong>on</strong>ebs, arc Tu ise Zveli warmoSobisaa, rac SesaZlebels xdis imis<br />

gagebas, Tu ra gansxvavebaa Zvelsa da uZveless Soris.<br />

uZvelesobis gansazRvrisas fokusireba ar xdeba droze. m<strong>on</strong>acemTa Cemeuli interpre–<br />

taciiT, uZvelesobis qarTuli gageba sakmaod moqnilia, imdenad Soreuli, ramdenadac wina–<br />

qristianuli xana da imdenad axlo, ramdenadac gasabWoebiswina periodi. mocemuli kvle–<br />

vis m<strong>on</strong>acemTa baza aRwers uZvelesobas, rogorc mniSvnelovnad Soreulis aRqmas sivrceSi,<br />

cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebis pirobebSi. qarTveli eTnomusikologebis naSromTa kiTxvisas,<br />

iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom isini Zalisxmevas ar iSureben logikuri da empiriuli mtkice–<br />

bulebebis mosapoveblad qarTuli tradiciuli vokaluri musikis siZvelis dasamtkiceblad.<br />

2009 wlis 23 ivliss, mixeil saakaSvilma amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis vice prezident–<br />

Tan, j<strong>on</strong> baidenTan Sexvedris dros warmoTqmul misasalmebel sityvaSi xazgasmiT mianiSna<br />

qarTveli eris simtkiceze, romelic 3000 wels iTvlis (Saakashvili, 2009). vokaluri mravalxmi–<br />

anobis saTaveebisa da evoluciis kvlevisas, qarTul literaturaSi yuradReba maxvildeba<br />

mis siZveleze Tanamedrove gagebiT. statiebis, leqciebis, audioCanawerebis didi umravle–<br />

sobis safuZvelze, iTvleba, rom vokaluri polif<strong>on</strong>ia qarTuli musikis uZvelesi formaa.<br />

amgvari damokidebuleba mniSvnelovanwilad efuZneba berZeni istorikosis (401 Cv.w.aR.-mde),<br />

qsenof<strong>on</strong>tes dakvirvebas, romelic aRwers dRevandeli saqarTvelos teritoriaze mcxovrebi<br />

tomebis, mosinikebis sabrZolo simRerebs, romlebsac ,,gansxvavebulad~ asrulebdnen (Jor–<br />

dania, 2000: 842-843). cnobili qarTveli mkvlevari rusudan wurwumia aseve miuTiTebs mis uZve–<br />

les bunebaze. igive wyaroze dayrdnobiT, is wers: ,,marTlac, SeuZlebelia imis mtkiceba,<br />

rom ,,gansakuTrebulobaSi~ berZeni istorikosi mravalxmianobas gulisxmobda, magram is kia<br />

savaraudo, rom ukve im droisaTvis qarTuli simRera mravalxmiani iyo, radgan am ,,gan–

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