The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

e. w. boSuri musikis idea da improvizaciis problema
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ganaTlebaze, rac xSir SemTxvevaSi virtuozs araxelsayrel poziciaSi ayenebda, amasTanave,
aseTi tipis codnis ukmarisoba, Cveulebriv, swored rom improvizator boSa Semsruleblebs
ukavSirdeboda.
sakonservatorio ganaTlebam, romelic pirvelad XIX saukunis dasawyisSi parizsa da
venaSi SemoiRes, ganapiroba notebze Cawerili musikis, rogorc pedagogiuri saxelmZRva–
nelos, mniSvnelobis zrda. xelmisawvdomma beWdurma gamocemebma, formaluri varjiSis
aucilebloba ganapiroba, Tumca, meore mxriv, ganaTlebis procesi kompoziciebis ufro
kodirebul fiqsacias saWiroebda, vidre iluzorul improvizaciulobas. zedmetia imis
Tqma, rom `[...] improvizacia mTavrdeba iq, sadac iwyeba fiqsireba~ (Nettl, 1974: 4).
improvizaciul praqtikasTan asocirebuli moyvaruli musikosebis adgili TandaTa–
nobiT daikaves profesiulad gawvrTnilma musikosebma, romelTac SeeZloT dasavluri mu–
sikis klasikuri repertuaris Sesruleba. es ukanaskneli ki XIX saukuneSi ganixileboda
daxvewilobisa da prestiJis erT-erT utyuar simbolod. rogorc r. muri wers, igi war–
moaCenda konservatoriis musikosebisa da maRali kulturis erTianobas pirvelyofili (ara–
dasavluri da evropulis msgavsi) kulturebis sapirispirod (Moore, 1992: 74), romlebic ukav–
Sirdebodnen improvizaciul xelovnebas da ara notirebul kompozicias.
dasavlur tradiciaSi gavrcelebulia koncefcia, romlis mixedviTac improvizacia da
kompozicia urTierTsapirispiro movlenebia. kompoziciad miiCneven gaTvlil, gaazrebul
da xelovnur aqts, romlis Sedegi aris mxatvruli artfaqti, improvizacia ki xasiaTdeba
mTeli rigi zedsarTavi saxelebiT: primitiuli, spontanuri, TviTnabadi, romlebic, raoden
gasakviric ar unda iyos, xSirad moixsenieba naklebad ganviTarebul (mag., araevropul, bo–
Sur da a. S.) kulturebTan mimarTebaSi (Nettl, 1974: 4).
improvizaciaSi dominirebs garkveuli tipis sakompozicio teqnika da sqemebi, rogo–
ricaa `gameoreba, mokle frazebis martivi varireba, melodiuri Tanmimdevrobebi, momdevno
ori monakveTis erTi da igive motiviT dawyebis tendencia, monakveTebis droSi gawelvis
tendencia, rac xels uwyobs Sesrulebis ganviTarebis gamZafrebas~ (Nettl, 1974: 9). es meTodebi,
sxvaTa Soris, ar miekuTvnebian mxolod arsebiTad improvizaciul azrovnebas, aramed,
principSi, maTi povna SesaZlebelia aseve notirebul (fiqsirebul) musikaSic. bruno netli
gvTavazobs mosazrebas, rom musikis Seqmnis es ori tipi (mag. improvizacia da kompozicia,
romelic dakavSirebulia notebis fiqsaciasTan) eyrdnoba `blokebis daSenebis erTnair
xerxebs~, magram improvizaciisas es xdeba naklebad gaSlilad (Nettl, 1974: 14). ufro metic,
netli amtkicebs, rom kompoziciisa da improvizaciisas erTi da igive modelebic ki ga–
moiyeneba _ `miniSnebebi, kadenciuri svlebi, grZliobebiT identificirebadi monakveTebi,
melodiuri frazebi, ritmuli naxazebi an formulebi, akorduli Tanmimdevrobebi da moda–
luri koncefcia, romelic moicavs saxasiaTo bgeraTrigebs, motivebs, tonalobasa da bge–
raTrigSi centraluri bgerebis tipiur Tanmimdevrobebsa da ritmul ganviTarebas~ (Nettl,
1974: 15). sxvaoba improvizaciasa da kompozicias Soris _ musikaluri terminebis Tvalsaz–
risiT, gamoixateba am elementebis ara arsobriv xasiaTSi, aramed maTi gamoyenebis inten–
sivobis xarisxSi.
rogorc ar unda iyos, XIX saukuneSi axladSobilma samecniero disciplinam – musi–
kismcodneobam (Musikwissenschaft), improvizaciasTan SedarebiT upiratesoba notirebul musikas
mianiWa, rac misi misi kvlevis sagani gaxda. musikismcodneoba mWidrod iyo dakavSirebuli