The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

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ana piotrovska (poloneTi)
e. w. boSuri musikis idea da improvizaciis problema
boSuri musikis Seswavla Tanamedrove eTnomusikologiaSi dakavSirebulia imis aRia–
rebasTan, rom boSaTa (Roma people) musika _ mas, umetesad, stereotipulad uwodeben boSur
musikas (Gypsy music) _ sinamdvileSi warmoaCens sxvadasxva jgufebsa da sub-jgufebs, romle–
bic umTavresad evropaSi, Tumca, aseve aRmosavleTsa da samxreT aziaSi cxovroben. sxva sit–
yvebiT rom vTqvaT, gaerTianebuli termini boSaTa musika moicavs iseT mravalferovan musi–
kalur kulturebs, rogoricaa espanuri flamenko, balkanuri Casaber sakravTa orkestri an
rusuli sagundo tradicia. boSaTa calkeuli jgufis musika `ukiduresad gansxvavebulia
sxvadasxva regionsa da jgufSi~ (Tcherenkov, Laederich, 2004: 703). miuxedavad boSuri musikis sti–
lebis aseTi mravalferovnebisa, cnobilia, rom maT mTeli rigi saerTo niSnebic axasiaTebT,
magaliTad, Tanaziari socialuri da kulturuli Rirebulebebi (Kertesz-Wilkinson, 2001: 613) ase–
ve, konkretuli musikaluri parametrebi da elementebic ki (Tcherenkov, Laederich, 2001: 703-
705). e. w. boSuri musikis (anu musikis, romelsac yvela warmomavlobis boSebi asruleben)
aRqmasTan dakavSirebuli erT-erTi umTavresi asociacia improvizaciuli xelovnebaa. 2001
wels maikl bekermanma (Michael Beckerman) niu iork TaimsSi (New York Times) gamoaqveyna mokle
da metad damajerebeli statia, sadac Camoayaliba Teoria, romlis mixedviTac boSuri musi–
kis fenomeni ukavSirdeba martiv formulas: I+V=E, sadac I gulisxmobs improvizacias, V _
virtuozobas xolo E _ emocias an eqspresias (Beckerman, 2001). am formulis wevrTa arCeva,
rogorc Cans, mniSvnelovnadaa ganpirobebuli boSuri musikis aRqmis im tradiciiT, rome–
lic XIX saukuneSi Camoyalibda da ar gulisxmobda iseT spontanurobas an emociurobas,
rogoriTac aRbeWdili iyo dasavluri romantikuli xelovneba. Tumca, swored XIX s.-is Sua
wlebSi evropeli profesionali musikosebis SemoqmedebaSi improvizaciuloba naklebad Ri–
rebuli xdeboda da TandaTanobiT kargavda mniSvnelobas. es axleburi midgoma daemTxva
boSuri musikis akademiur-mecnierul `aRmoCenas~. dRevandeli gadasaxedidan ibadeba SekiTx–
va: xom ar moaxdina boSuri musikis improvizacisTan asocirebam raime gavlena – pirdapiri
Tu iribi _ musikaSi improvizaciulobis axlebur Sefasebaze?
XIX saukunidan moyolebuli martivi pasuxis Zieba kiTxvaze, Tu ras warmoadgens bo–
Suri musika, evropeli inteleqtualebisaTvis umniSvnelovanes gamowvevas warmoadgens. fe–
renc listis wignis (Des Bohemiens et de leur musique en Hongrie) 1859 wels gamoqveynebis Semdeg, bo–
Suri musika sul ufro metad xdeba ganuwyveteli mecnieruli polemikis sagani. aqamde ev–
ropaSi codna, zogadad, boSebis, gansakuTrebiT ki, boSuri musikis Sesaxeb, metad mwiri
iyo. cnobebi ifargleboda legendebiTa da zogadi warmodgenebiT, romlebic vrceldeboda
qronikebisa da sasceno warmodgenebis gziT. am konteqstSi listis Sromam mniSvnelovani
wvlili Seitana boSaTa musikis ara marto mecnierul kvlevaSi. aramed mTels evropaSi mi–
si popularizaciis saqmeSi. amasTan, am wignma ungreTSi didi dabneuloba gamoiwvia da
ganapiroba diskusiebi boSuri musikis avTenturobisa da ungrul musikasTan kavSiris Se–
saxeb.