The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

damwyebi xma qarTul mravalxmianobaSi
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ravi iwyebs. aRsaniSnavia dawyebis cvalebadi, anu Tavisufali reglamen tis calkeuli SemTx–
vevebic. mokled davaxasiaToT saTiTaod samive xma, rogorc damwyebi.
samxmian qarTul simReraSi dRes arsebuli Sua xma warmatebiT iTavsebs mTqme lis, damw–
yebis, pirveli xmis, meleqsis funqciebsa da saxelebs. adre, orxmianobis pirobebSi wamyvani
swored es xma iyo _ meore, Sembanebeli, mopasuxe xmis fonze.
cxadia, damwyebis roli iq ufro metia, sadac igi ufro mkafio reglamen tisaa. amis
kargi magaliTia svanuri simRerebi, romlebic, didi umetesobiT, Sua xmiT iwyeba da, rac
mTavaria, magiuri formulurobiTaa aRbeWdili. sazogadod, rac ufro arqaulia musikaluri
nimuSi, miT ufro mkafiodaa masSi gamokveTili damwyebi xma _ mTqmeli (samxmianobaSi Sua,
xolo orxmianobaSi _ zeda xma; sakulto, Sromis simRerebSi). rac Seexeba dialeq tur maxa–
siaTebels, sxvaoba am mxriv aq naklebadaa SesamCnevi.
Tu qarTul simReras zeda xma iwyebs, es SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos: a) sim Reris gvian–
deli, xSirad qalaquri stiliT, sadac melodiuri iniciativa ukve zeda xmaSia gadatanili,
rasac xmaTa funqcionaluri nivelireba sdevs Tan; b) or solist xmas Soris funqcionaluri
iniciativis Tanabari gadanawilebiT, rasac ufro ganviTarebul struqturaSi vxvdebiT; g)
`sagaloblis wyobis~ sim RerebSi galobisTvis damaxasiaTebeli zeda xmis prioritetiT; d)
tonis da, Sesabamisad, simReris diapa zonis SerCeviT, rac, pirvel rigSi, swored zeda xmis–
Tvisaa problematuri.
baniT simReris dawyeba `banis emansipaciiTaa~ gamowveuli (i. Jordania, 1989: 142), rac,
umetesad, guruli trios tipis simRerebSi SeiniSneba; amasTan, damwyebis Sembanebeli (rigiT
meore xma) qarTul simReraSi umetesad swored bania, radgan simReris harmoniuli funqci–
onalobis burji swored isaa, im SemTxvevaSi ki, rodesac damwyeb zeda xmas banze adre meo–
re zeda xma uerTdeba, umetesad, sa wyisi melodiis `gamsxvilebasTan~ gvaqvs saqme (parale–
luri svliT) da ara _ alterna tiuli melodi uri plastis gamoCenasTan.
Sesavali damwyebis dasrulebuli fraziT, erTi SexedviT, nimuSis kompoziciuri `simwi–
fis~ gamoxatulebaa. magram qarTul sinamdvileSi es yovelTvis amas ar niSnavs. amasTan, gan–
viTarebuli wyobis simRerac xSirad damwyebis mcire fraziT iwyeba. zogjer ki damwyebi
araTu marto, aramed sxva xmebTan erTadac qmnis iseT originalur Sesaval frazas, rome–
lic simReraSi aRar meordeba.
gamovyofT Sesavlis struqturuli aRnagobis sxvadasxva tips:
a) dasrulebuli an dausrulebeli fraziT. qarTuli simRera iSviaTad, magram zogjer
mainc iwyeba mxolod erTi _ simaRlis mimaniSnebeli toniT, ZiriTadad zeda xmaSi (mag. 1).
rac Seexeba Sesavlis erTian motivs, igi an uSualod gadaizrdeba erTob liv JReradobaSi
(mag. 2) an TavisTavad dasrulebul musikalur azrs Sei cavs (mag. 3);
b) erTi an erTze meti fraziT. mokle Sesavali SeiZleba iyos gadmocemuli an simRe–
ris pirveli sityviT (sityvebiT) an samRerisiT (glosolalia). sainteresoa, rom guruli
simRerebis didi umetesoba swored samRerisiT iwyeba, rac xazs usvams maT midrekilebas
improvizaciiisadmi: Tu damwyebis Sesavlis partia erTze meti frazisgan Sedgeba (rac ume–
tesad qarTl-kaxuri simRerebisaTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli), igi masalas sami damoukidebeli
komponentidan irCevs: 1) tonis micema; 2) verbaluri teqstis prezentacia _ ZiriTadad reCi–
tatiulad; 3) motivis Cveneba _ ZiriTadad samReri sebiT. SesavalSi samRerisi SeiZleba iyos
rogorc teqstis win, aseve teqstis Semdeg;