The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

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damwyebi xma qarTul mravalxmianobaSi
Tamaz gabisonia (saqarTvelo)
qarTuli tradiciuli musikis nimuSebi iwyeba an sakravis aJRerebiT an erTi momRerlis
SesavliT. da radga nac `kargi dasawyisi saqmis naxevaria~ da simReris dawyebis asparezi ki
erT xmas eTmoba, es ukanasknelic ar iSurebs ni W sa da fanta zias, raTa Rirseulad war–
moaCinos simRera da sakuTari SesaZleb lo be bi. swored amitom qarTuli simReris Sesavali
didi mravalferov nebiT ga mo irCeva. Cveulebriv, simReris SesavalSi, samive xmis aJRerebamde
Cven ukve vi ciT, Tu romeli sim Rera sruldeba.
unda aRiniSnos, rom qarTuli musikismcodneoba sakmao yuradRebas uTmobs xmaTa funq–
cionalobisa da terminologiis sakiTxebs, magram konkretulad simReris dasawyisi jer
calke kvlevis sagani ar gamxdara.
is faqti, rom qarTveli SemsruleblisaTvis ucxoa raime signalis Sedegad (tonebis
micemiT, lotbaris miniSnebiT da a.S.) simReris yvela xmaSi erTdroulad da wyeba, cxadia,
ar niSnavs imas, rom qarTuli simRera yovelTvis spontanurad iwyeba. magram damwyebi, erT–
gvarad, `ieriSis~ wamomwyebia, romelsac yvela danarCeni val de bulia, ahyves. man iniciativis
SenarCuneba unda SeZlos.
aqve, arc is unda gamogvrCes, rom sanoto krebulebSi Tu audioCanawerebSi sakmaod mo–
iZebneba qarTuli simReris erTad dawyebis SemTxvevebi, rac, ZiriTadad, aixsneba `lotbaris
xeliT~ _ scenaze atanisas nimuSis gadamuSavebiT; aseve _ sakravieri Tanxlebis mocilebiT.
magram dawyebis saerTo wesidan gamonaklisebic SeiZleba vivaraudoT. vxvdebiT simRerebs
specialurad, sazeimod erTad dawyebis (`milocvis~) funqciiT, Tumca danamdvilebiT ver
vityviT, sruldeboda Tu ara isini adrec dRevandeli saxiT.
sazogadod, calkeuli qarTuli simReris dasawyisi sakmao stabilurobiT xasiaTdeba.
mcire gamonaklisis garda, erTi da igive simReris sxvada sxva varianti erTi da imave xmiT da
msgavsi motiviT iwyeba. dRes arsebuli qarTuli simRerebis umeteso bam ukve SeiZina mkafio
individualoba, rac rogorc damwyebis, aseve mTlianad nimuSis struqturis sakuTari wese–
bis SemuSavebaSi gamovlinda.
qarTul simReraSi damwyebi, ZiriTadad, mTavar xmas gulisxmobs da am funqciis Ziri–
Tadi ganmsazRvreli, umeteswilad, sityvieri teqstis gaZRolaa. cnobi lia, rom qarTveli
momRerlebisTvis simRera `iTqmeba~. Sesabamisad, ZiriTad xmas, romelic umetesad damwye–
bicaa, mTqmels uwodeben. xma, romelic simReras mogvianebiT erTvis, magram sityvieri teqs–
tis gamtarebelia, xSirad mainc da mwyebad moixsenieba, radgan swored is `iwyebs~ simReris
`Tqmas~. m. Jordanias TqmiT, `damwyebi gulisxmobs ara marto uSualod dawyebas, aramed _
wayvanasac, mTavar xmasac. igi mainc damwyebia, Tundac moZaxilma _ maRalma xmam wamoiwyos~
(gv. 123). mTqmelis moZaxili, anu mopasuxe xma simReras xSirad mxolod tonis micemis miz–
niT iwyebs.
qarTul musikalur tradiciaSi damwyebad gvevlineba (ganvalagebT sixSiris klebadobis
mixedviT): 1) Sua xma, 2) zeda xma, 3) bani. vokalur-instrumentul Sesru lebas yovelTvis sak–