The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

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natalia zumbaZe, qeTevan maTiaSvili
(dad iuana) 11 . orive maTgani Txovnaa: erTi micvalebulis sulisadmi, rom igi Sin dabrundes;
meore _ nadirobis RvTaebisadmi, monadireebs warmatebuli nadiroba rom hqondeT. am nimuSTa
siZveles, socialur daniSnulebasTan erTad, musikaluri parametrebic adasturebs. pirveli
simRera kvintis diapazonis mqone daRmavali, ostinaturad ganmeorebadi reCitaciuli melo–
diiT da martivi burdonuli baniT Selocvis tipis simRerebsac hgavs da kaxur baniT ti–
rilebsac mogvagonebs (audiomag. 20). micvalebulis sulis daWeris wes-Cveuleba svanebisa
da raWvelebis yofaSic aris cnobili, mxolod is xemiani sakravis, Wuniris/Wianuris Tanx–
lebiT sruldeba (SilakaZe, 1970: 63-64). amgvari Wunirze dasakravi hangi Cawerili aqvs kaxi
rosebaSvils zemo svaneTSi (rosebaSvili, 1982: 24; mag. 4).
meore, nadirobis simRera, qarTuls banis formuliT hgavs. simReris formis Semqmneli
ZiriTadi elementi aqac ostinatoa. igi yalibdeba musikaluri birTvis _ ZiriTadad kvar–
tis diapazonis mqone reCitaciuli tipis melodiisa da samsafexuriani banis _ mravaljera–
di ganmeorebiT. samonadireo simRerebi, oRond samxmiani da gacilebiT ganviTarebuli,
saqarTvelos mTis kuTxeebSic (svaneTsa da raWaSi) gvxvdeba. samwuxarod, mamakacTaAreper–
tuarSi am daniSnulebis martivi, Selocvis tipis hangi Cvens kulturaSi dafiqsirebuli
ar aris.
sacekvaos tipis simReraTa rigs ganekuTvneba komkavSiruli sacekvao. musikaluri kanon–
zomierebebiT igi tradiciuli folkloris nimuSia. sityva komkavSiruli saxelwodebas xe–
lovnurad aqvs mimatebuli, rasac erTi faqtic adasturebs: am simReris gamartivebul
variants, romelic 1954 wels imereTSia Cawerili, afxazuri sacekvao hqvia (audiomag. 21,
22). banis formuliT komkavSiruli sacekvao dasavlurqarTul (aWarul-SavSur) sacekvao
simRerebs, gansakuTrebiT ki faTikos hgavs (audiomag. 23).
calke jgufs qmnis mravalnawiliani simRerebi: ornawiliani kolmeurnis qorwili
(avtori _ r. gumba), saqorwilo sacekvao da mravalnawiliani Sromis simRerebis popuri.
samive maTgani tradiciuli sacekvaoTi mTavrdeba. kolmeurnis qorwilis pirveli nawili
tipuri sabWoTa periodis simReraa (audiomag. 24). es aris gamartivebuli varianti qarTuli
kolmeurneTa simRerisa (mag. 5). g. CxikvaZis ganmartebiT, am erT-erT adreul da popularul
qarTul sakolmeurneo simReras raWuli hangi aqvs da Cawerilia 1936 wels TbilisSi.
kompozitor n. narimaniZis mier samxmiani gundisa da fortepianosTvis damuSavebuli es ni–
muSi muSuris saxelwodebiT Sesulia 1950 wels moskovSi gamocemul seriaSi _ Песни народов
СССР (Грузинские народные песни, 1956: 90). gamoricxuli ar aris, rom afxazeTSi Cawerili kol–
meurnis qorwili am wyarosac iTvaliswinebdes. simReris meore, sacekvao nawilSi orpiruli
Sesrulebis banisTvis damaxasiaTebeli formulebi am tipis svanuri nimuSebidan unda iyos
nasesxebi.
saqorwilo sacekvaos meore, sacekvao nawili ostinaturi baniT, melodiis tipiTa da
Sesrulebis maneriT dasavlurqarTul (megrul) sacekvao hariras enaTesaveba. isic sainte–
resoa, rom megruli harira xSirad aseve ornawiliani kompoziciis meore nawils warmoad–
gens (ohohoia hariraTi, voisa hariraTi) (audiomag. 25, 26).
Sromis simRerebis popuris araerTi magaliTi qarTulSic mogvepoveba. afxazuri nimuSis
sacekvao nawilis bani svanuri orpiruli sacekvao simRerebis II mxaris banis formulas ime–
orebs. I mxaris savaraudo bani aq ar aris naCvenebi (audiomag. 27, 28).
simRera didi samamulo omis (1941-1945) gmir xaraziaze (musikis avtori _ i. qorTua) Ta–