The Fifth International Symposium on Traditional Polyphony ...

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ala sokolova
amrigad, warsulis saSemsruleblo praqtikisa da sanoto da audiomasalaze dakvirveba
gvaZlevs saSualebas, ara marto davuSvaT varaudi, rom adiReelebs aTvisebuli hqondaT ori
(an meti) solistis Sesrulebis xelovneba, aramed amJRavnebs ufro metsac: monacvleobiT
Sesruleba adiReur kulturaSi, warsulSi Seadgenda tradiciuli simReris arsobriv maxa–
siaTebels da warmoadgenda adiReuri etiketis umniSvnelovanes elementsac. es movlena asaxu–
lia xalxur terminologiaSi da mamakacuri etiketis erT-erT princips warmoadgens (xaCeS–
Cis yoveli stumrisaTvis aucilebelia simReris normatiuli codna, yuradRebis demonst–
rireba, saWiro momentSi simReris atacebis da strofebis Sesrulebis unari ise, rom ar
dairRves mxatvruli procesi, moxdes simReris saTanado emociuri Zabvis SenarCuneba. sau–
kuneTa siRrmidan Cvenamde moaRweuli ameburi simReris gamocdileba Tavis Tavs amJRavnebda
wyvil, jgufur, aseve solo-jgufur simReraSi. monacvleobiT Sesruleba warmoadgenda Tama–
Sis formas, romelic garkveuli daZabulobis qveS amyofebda monawileebs da amas grZnobd–
nen rogorc momRerlebi, ise msmenelebic (isini, vinc ukve Seasrula strofi da eloda Ta–
vis rigs). TamaSTan Sedareba (ufro swored ki, ameburi Sesrulebis formis, rogorc TamaSis
aRqma) marTebulia imis gamoc, rom masSi arian mogebulebic – isinic, vinc `prizis~ saxiT
iRebs aRiarebas, karg saxels, warmatebas, prestiJs.
tradiciuli simRerisaTvis tipuria misi dawyeba erTi solistis mier. meore solisti an
hyveba pirvels pirveli frazis ganmavlobaSi, an Semodis meore frazaSi. asonanturi leqsi–
kidan amozrdil abaZexur simReraSi solisti asrulebs pirvel replika-wamoZaxils, rome–
lic warmoadgens saqcevs VII - VIm 10 - VII an mis variantebs (VII - VIm- I; VII - VII). am replikis
Semdeg simReras maSinve hyveba gundi. xangZlivobiTa da JReradobiT solo partia minimumamdea
dayvanili, magram misi emociuri ganwyoba, maRali tesitura, bgeraTrigis aramyari safexu–
rebis gamoyeneba solo partias aqceven ara imdenad saSemsruleblo formad, ramdenadac ima–
nentur-musikalur teqstad. solo partia xdeba impulsi mTeli moZraobisa, romelic mimar–
Tulia qveda myari h bgerisaken. meore frazis dasawyiss, romelic aseve gundiT sruldeba,
ori solisti iwyebs unisoniT. mTeli simReris ganmavlobaSi pirvel frazas iwyebs pirveli
solisti, xolo meore frazas _ orive solisti an mxolod meore (mag. 1, 2; audiomag. 1, 2).
kiorerSi ori solistis monacvleobiTi da erToblivi Sesruleba qmnis mravaljeradad
ganmeorebul orwevrian kompozicias, rac mTlianobaSi qmnis `naqargs~, romelic adiReur
tradiciul ornaments gvagonebs.
ameburi forma gulisxmobs ara mxolod sxva solistis mier igive musikaluri an poe–
turi teqstis ganmeorebas, aramed uSvebs Sida variantebsac: 1) `estafetis~ monawileebis ra–
odenobas (CvenTvis nacnob versiebSi oridan TerTmetamde); 2) monawileebis kombinaciebs (ori
solisti, solisti da gundi/ansambli, ori gundi/ansambli); 3) struqturul-kompoziciuri
gadawyvetebi (ori solisti antifonur simReraSi; ori solistis antifonuri da hetero–
fonuri mRera; sami solistis antifonuri da heterofonuri mRera; solosa da gundis anti–
foni; solosa da gundis stretuli Sesruleba, solistis partiis burdonuli Tanxleba
da a. S.).
ori solistis arseboba, aseve, ganapirobebda tradiciis Taobidan Taobaze gadacemis
warmatebul formas, vinaidan, daSvebuli iyo sxvadasxva donis saSemsruleblo unarebis
mqone adamianebis gaerTianeba erTi simReris SesrulebaSi. Tu zogadaRiarebuli mcodnis
solo partniorobas simReraSi veravin bedavda da mReroda amyolebis rigSi, sxva xaCeSCSi