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132 stili #23. 2007 kait beis meCeTi nafisas vakala nafisas vakala nafisas vakalas maSrabia nafisas vakalis fanjris gaformeba saxuravidan, xolo misi meuRle gizis piramidis wveridan. qarTveli qalis gamWriaxobam, is Sedegi gamoiRo, rom muradi da misi meomrebi ukan dabrundnen da napoleons gaurigdnen. Tumca romantikam didxans ver gastana. murad bei epidemiam imsxverpla. nafisa ki siRaribeSi 1816 wels gardaicvala. 5.XII.2006 Zveli qairos centrSi mdgari sulTan al aSraf kaitbeis meCeTi da mavzoleumi mamluqTa periodis arabuli arqiteqturis sauke- Teso nimuSia. Cven am Senobas ori mizezis gamo vstumrobT. pirvel rigSi, gvainteresebs xelovnebis brwyinvale TvalsaCinoebad qceuli istoriuli Zeglis daTvaliereba da amasTanave gvsurs, meti SevityoT misi amSenebeli sulTnis Sesaxeb. istoriuli wyaroebis cnobiT igi warmoSobiT kavkasielia. Tumca zogi mecnieri kait beis Cerqez, zogi ki qarTvel mamluqad miiCnevs. kait beis mier agebuli meCeTi mnaxvels ferTa sixasxasiTa da mdidruli morTulobiT ajadoebs. misi fasadi 1472 wels marmarilo- Ti da granitiT mopirkeTda. SenobaSi yvelaze gamorCeuli kubbanabaTia, anu mcenareuli ornamentiT morTuli TeTri gumbaTi. aseT xelovnebis nimuSs islamur samyaroSi iSviaTad ixilavT. aseTive unikaluri Zeglia maRali minareTi, romelic mamluqTa periodis egviptis arqiteqturis margalitad iqca.. kait beis mier aSenebuli kompleqsi 3 ZiriTadi nawilisagan Sedgeba. mTavari adgili meCeTs ukavia. mas, erT-erTi emiris makbari anu mavzoleumi mohyveba. swored mas agvirgvinebs kubbanabaTia. aqvea makyada, igive sasaxle, sadac sulTnis mrCevlebi samamluqo qveynis saqmeebze bWobdnen.. meCeTSi grandiozuli karibWiT Sedixar, masiuri xis Zelebi yuranidan gadmoRebuli dekoracebiTaa morTuli. mamluqTa epoqaSi aSenebul meCeTTa Soris yvelaze lamazi Weri swored kait beim Seqmna. misi gaformebisTvis asi aTasze meti patara xisa da spilos Zvlis detalia gamoyenebuli. Senobis sivrce uamravi sarkmeliT naTdeba radgan aq locvis garda swavlobdnen kidec. mamluqis gansasvenebeli mis mier sagangebod aSenebul kubbanabaTias TaRebqveS mdebareobs, aqvea misi dis, 4 colisa da vaJis mahmud nasrudin kait beis saflavi. mavzoleumSi erTi ucnauri ram xdeba - roca mze amodis vitraJebis feradi Suqi wriulad yvela kedels moivlis da saRamo Jams mamluqis saflavTan Cerdeba. namdvil qairos mxolod kait beis meCeTis minareTidan ixilav. misi simaRlidan mukatamis mTa, kairos citadeli da mkvdarTa qalaqi xelisguliviT moCans. Zvelad, roca am minareTebze Semomdgar molebs xedavdnen, sjerodaT, rom maTi locva Rrublebs gaapobda da zecas miaRwevda. netav qarTveli mamluqi maSin ras fiqrobda, ras grZnobda, roca paraskevobiT, piriT meqisaken Seqceuli idga. nuTu, arasodes axsendeboda bavSobaSi, eklesiaSi Cumad, butbutiT wakiTxuli qarTuli locva da galoba. Tu kait beis erovneba burusiTaa moculia, zustadaa cnobili im saxelovani qarTveli mamluqis warsuli, romlis saflavic me- CeTidan sul ramdenime wuTis savalSi mdebareobs. es is martyofeli qarTveli glexia romelmac erekle mefes Soreuli egviptidan we- rili gaugzavna da sakuTari Zmis ivane knutisSvilis saxaso ymad gadayvana sTxova. ukeTes pirobebSi acxovreo evedreboda sulTnis moadgile patara kaxs, Tavisi qveynidan da saqristianodan ar daikargoso, dasZenda gamuslimebuli qarTveli. 7.XII.2006 egviptis Seixis TanammarTvelis saflavi mkvdarTa qalaqis SuagulSi kldis meCeTis qvemoT mdebareobs. igi didi akldamaa sadac gansasveneblis garda mowyalebis saxli anu sabili iyo. swored am Widan urigebdnen wyals upovar egviptelebs, aqve nebismier davrdomils Ramis gaTeva da daxmarebis miReba See- Zlo. knutisSvilis grandiozuli akldamidan dRes aCrdiliRa SemorCa, Camoingra Weri da gaiZarcva ornamentebiT morTuli kedlebi. Sida ezo ki qairoelTa axalma saflavebma daikava. knutisSvilis saflavis Semdeg, gezi misi patronis, egviptis uzenaes mmarTvelad aRzevebuli martyofeli glexis, ibrahim SinjikaSvilis sasaxlisaken gviWiravs. qarTvelma mamluqma rezidencia RvTaebrivi mdinare nilosis SuagulSi, kunZul ravdaze aago. ibrahim SinjikaSvilis sasaxlidan ravdas dRes, mxolod saZirkveli SemorCa. mis fundametze xediv Tavfikis dros axali Senoba aigo. JamTasvlam sabolood warxoca qarTveli mamluqis vrceli apartamentebi, Zveli xidi da egvipturi wisqvili. axla, aq evropuli tipis sasaxle dgas, romelsac Tanamedrove kairoSi klasikuri musikis saRamoebis mosawyobad iyeneben. ibrahim SinjikaSvilis garda qairoSi sasaxle meore qarTvel mamluqs murad beisac hqonia. igi, qalaqis ramdenime rukazea gamosaxuli. SemorCenilia, aseve sasaxlis feradi graviurac. eqspediciis mier moZiebuli dokumentebi cxadyofen, rom qarTveli mamluqis rezidencia Zveli kairos centrSi, yvelaze gamorCeul adgilas, did moedanze, meCeTebs Soris mdgara. Cvens xelT arsebuli, mwiri istoriuli wyaroebis miuxedavad muradis sasaxlis mo- Zebna mainc vcadeT, Tumca uSedegod. verc mcxovrebTa gamokiTxvam da verc qairos Zvel ubnebSi xetialma xelSesaxebi veraferi mogvitana, rogorc Cans qarTveli mamluqis rezidencia didi qalaqis JamTasvlam samudamod warxoca. 9.XII.2006 amir tazis da misi patronis sulTan hasanis saxeli qairos erT grandiozul Senobas ukavSirdeba. Senobas romelic amasTanave qarTveli mamluqis udides tragedias itevs. meCeTis minareTebis mSeneblobis daiwyebisas, arqiteqtorebs sjerodaT, rom cis kides miaRwevdnen, Tumca cadazidulma svetebma ngreva iwyo da qveS uamravi adamiani moiyola. dRes Senobas Cafiqrebuli 4-is nacvlad mxolod 2 minareTi amSvenebs. sulTan hasanis meCeTs mTels islamur samyaroSi yvelaze maRali karebi aqvs. aquri kedlebi ki milion 500 aTasi qvisagan aSenda, romelTagan bevri gizis piramidebis kuTvnilebaa. moedani, romelic meCeTis SuaSi gaSlila, 1736 wels didi sisxlisRvris mowme iyo. swored misi minbaris boZebs qveS 40 mamluqis da maT Soris kairos qarTveli mmarTvelis mu
hamed bei katamiSis mokveTili Tavi gamodes. arabi istorikosi al jabarTi mamluqebis xocvas dramatulad aRwers: - `roca qarTvelma muhamed katamiSma egviptis mmarTveloba xelT igdo, is Rvinis msmelebsa da garyvnilebis saxlTa patronebs daupirispirda. misma mcdelobam, qveyanaSi wesrigi daemyarebina, bevri aamxedra. 1736 wlis 22 aprils msxverplTSewirvis dResaswauli idga. katamiSi erT-erTi mamluqis sasaxleSi vaxSamze miiwvies. SeTqmulebs saidumlo niSani hqondaT da roca sanTlebi Caaqres darbazSi saSineli xocva-Jleta atyda. Tavi yvelas, maT Soris katamiSad wodebul muhamed beg kitass, salih beis, osman qaTxudas, xalil efendisa da uamrav aRas mohkveTes.~ 10.XII.2006 dRes, bednieri SemTxveva mogveca da kairoSi qarTveli mamluqis STamomavals iasir katamiSs SevxvdiT. batoni iasiri poetia. igi, Tavisi winapris Tavgadasavalze gatacebiT gviambobda, mogviTxrobda im sagmiro saqmeebs romelic qarTvelma mamluqma faraon- Architecture In December 2006 program Chveneburebi organized an expedition to Egypt. We wanted to study the history of Georgian mameluks and film the traces of their activities. This mission would not have succeeded without kind assistance of the Ambassador of Georgia Mr. Gia Janjgava, diplomatist Maka Odzelashvili and Orientalists Tamar Natroshvili and Vakho Imerlishvili. Prior to issuing the documental-publicist film, based on our research, we would like to present the readers of STYLE <strong>Magazine</strong> with a story of what our expedition saw and experienced in Egypt. During the 10 days of our stay there we collected a great deal of interesting materials, but our most important finding was the architecture of Mameluk period. The present-day Cairo consists of two parts, closely intertwined with each other – the city of alive and the city of the dead. The former is a busy and clamorous modern city, while the latter – silent and serene – probably the most beautiful and most terrible place that human hands could create. The best architects of the country had spent a great deal of effort and time on embellishing the city of dead with glorious mosques, impressive makbars and richly ornamented walls. The reason why we visited this part of Cairo was to study the graves of several famous Georgians. According to historical sources, we would find here the tomb of Ali Beg Al Kabir, Ismail Beg and Ibrahim Katkhuda. The three Georgians had ruled Egypt for a considerable period of time in the middle of 18th century and left an indelible trace in its history. The mausoleum, located in the middle of the city in Mukhammad Ali Imam al-Lais Street – a lavishly decorated two-domed construction with open vaults, Ta miwaze Caidina, didi Seix elbaladis warsuli, poeti STamomavalisTvis aSkara Tavmowonebis sagania: _ `me Zalian meamayeba, rom qarTveli mamluqis STamomavali var, imitom, rom qarTvelebma egviptis istoriaSi didi kvali datoves. Zveli kairos daTvalierebisas, amas yovel nabijze SeamCnevT. magaliTad, maidan obraze dRemde dgas meCeTi qexia, romelic katamiSis qarTveli megobris mieraa aSenebuli. iq xSirad mivdivar da orives saxelze didxans vloculob~. egvipte is qveyanaa, sadac maradisobas xeliT Seexebi. am maradisobis nawili ki bevri qarTveli gaxda. zogma xmliT, gonierebiT, silamaziT an SenebiT gaiTqva saxeli. 200 wlis ganmavlobaSi qarTvelebma egviptis mzis qveS uzarmazari SemoqmedebiT energia daxarjes - energia, romelsac mxolod didi xuroTmo- ZRvris Zalas Tu Seadri. giorgi kalandia gadacema "Cveneburebis" avtori of Georgian Mameluks is a testimony to the honorable and worthy position of its occupants during their life. Arabian inscriptions, engraved on high stone columns – ‘shahids’, watching over Ibrahim Katkhuda’s grave, eloquently describe the demise of this man, who, according to historians, ruled the country with incomparable power, influence and shrewdness. The same mausoleum contains graves of two other mameluks – Ali Bei and Ismail Bei – both of them Georgian slaves, bought and liberated by Ibrahim Katkhuda, whom they faithfully supported until his death. In a couple of paces from the mameluk’s mausoleum there is a simple grave, which, according to historians, belongs to a Georgian woman Napisa, called the mother of mameluks. The life of this lady is closely connected with the three warriors and rulers we mentioned above. A liberated slave, she distinguished herself by beauty, outstanding education and social as well as political activity in the second half of the 18th century. Napisa owned a sabil-kutab – a charity house in Bab Zuveila district. This establishment, combining a shelter for the poor, publicly accessible water reservoirs and an elementary school for local children, was one of 300 charity houses, existing in the 18th-19th century Cairo. This sabil-kutab of Napisa khanum – an elegant construction with stone, wood and bronze ornaments and lavishly decorated interiors, still exists in one of the most beautiful corners of old Cairo, rather resembling a city of thousand mosques than a modern megapolis. GIORGI KALANDIA AUTHOR OF CHVENEBUREBI PROGRAM mkvdarTa qalaqi mamlukTa saflavis Tarqiba kait beis meCeTis Weri kunZuli ravda stili #23. 2007 vitraJebis anarekli kait beis akldamaSi 133
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