Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Acts: Chapter 22] time (9:4; 22:7; 26:14). Same question also in each report: "Why persecuted thou me?" (\Ti me di•keis?\). These piercing words stuck in Paul's mind. 22:8 {Of Nazareth} (\ho Naz•raios\). The Nazarene, not in 9:5; 26:15 and here because Jesus is mentioned now for the first time in the address. The form \Naz•raios\ as in Mt 2:23 (which see) is used also in 24:5 for the followers of Jesus instead of \Nazar•nos\ as in Mr 1:24, etc. (which see). 22:9 {But they heard not the voice} (\t•n de ph•n•n ouk •kousan\). The accusative here may be used rather than the genitive as in verse 7 to indicate that those with Paul did not understand what they heard (9:7) just as they beheld the light (22:9), but did not see Jesus (9:7). The difference in cases allows this distinction, though it is not always observed as just noticed about 22:14; 26:14. The verb \akou•\ is used in the sense of understand (Mr 4:33; 1Co 14:2). It is one of the evidences of the genuineness of this report of Paul's speech that Luke did not try to smooth out apparent discrepancies in details between the words of Paul and his own record already in ch. 9. The Textus Receptus adds in this verse: "And they became afraid" (\kai emphoboi egenonto\). Clearly not genuine. 22:10 {Into Damascus} (\eis Damaskon\). In 9:6 simply "into the city" (\eis t•n polin\). {Of all things which} (\peri pant•n h•n\). \H•n\, relative plural attracted to genitive of antecedent from accusative \ha\, object of \poi•sai\ (do). {Are appointed for thee} (\tetaktai soi\). Perfect passive indicative of \tass•\, to appoint, to order, with dative \soi\. Compare with \hoti se dei\ of 9:6. The words were spoken to Paul, of course, in the Aramaic, Saoul, Saoul. 22:11 {I could not see} (\ouk eneblepon\). Imperfect active of \emblep•\, I was not seeing, same fact stated in 9:8. Here the reason as "for the glory of that light" (\apo t•s dox•s tou ph•tos ekeinou\). {Being led by the hand} (\cheirag•goumenos\). Present passive participle of \cheirag•ge•\, the same verb used in 9:8 (\cheirag•gountes\) which see. Late verb, in the N.T. only in these two places. In LXX. 22:12 {A devout man according to the law} (\eulab•s kata ton nomon\). See on ¯2:5; 8:2; Lu 2:25 for the adjective \eulab•s\. Paul adds "according to the law" to show that he was introduced http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/AC22.RWP.html (5 of 10) [28/08/2004 09:07:31 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Acts: Chapter 22] to Christianity by a devout Jew and no law-breaker (Lewin). 22:13 {I looked up on him} (\anablepsa eis auton\). First aorist active indicative and same word as \anablepson\ (Receive thy sight). Hence here the verb means as the margin of the Revised Version has it: "I received my sight and looked upon him." For "look up" see Joh 9:11. 22:14 {Hath appointed thee} (\proecheirisato\). First aorist middle indicative of \procheiriz•\, old verb to put forth into one's hands, to take into one's hands beforehand, to plan, propose, determine. In the N.T. only in Ac 3:20; 22:14; 26:16. Three infinitives after this verb of God's purpose about Paul: {to know} (\gn•nai\, second aorist active of \gin•sk•\) his will, {to see} (\idein\, second aorist active of \hora•\) the Righteous One (cf. 3:14), {to hear} (\akousai\, first aorist active of \akou•\) a voice from his mouth. 22:15 {A witness for him} (\martus aut•i\). As in 1:8. {Of what} (\h•n\). Attraction of the accusative relative \ha\ to the genitive case of the unexpressed antecedent \tout•n\. {Thou hast seen and heard} (\he•rakas\, present perfect active indicative \kai •kousas\, first aorist active indicative). This subtle change of tense is not preserved in the English. Blass properly cites the perfect \he•raka\ in 1Co 9:1 as proof of Paul's enduring qualification for the apostleship. 22:16 {By baptized} (\baptisai\). First aorist middle (causative), not passive, Get thyself baptized (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 808). Cf. 1Co 10:2. Submit yourself to baptism. So as to \apolousai\, Get washed off as in 1Co 6:11. It is possible, as in 2:38, to take these words as teaching baptismal remission or salvation by means of baptism, but to do so is in my opinion a complete subversion of Paul's vivid and picturesque language. As in Ro 6:4-6 where baptism is the picture of death, burial and resurrection, so here baptism pictures the change that had already taken place when Paul surrendered to Jesus on the way (verse 10). Baptism here pictures the washing away of sins by the blood of Christ. 22:17 {When I had returned} (\moi hupostrepsanti\), {while I prayed} (\proseuchomenou mou\), {I fell} (\genesthai me\). Note dative \moi\ with \egeneto\ as in verse 6, genitive \mou\ (genitive absolute with \proseuchomenou\), accusative of general http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/AC22.RWP.html (6 of 10) [28/08/2004 09:07:31 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Acts: Chapter 22]<br />
time (9:4; 22:7; 26:14). Same question also <strong>in</strong> each report:<br />
"Why persecuted thou me?" (\Ti me di•keis?\). These pierc<strong>in</strong>g<br />
words stuck <strong>in</strong> Paul's m<strong>in</strong>d.<br />
22:8 {Of Nazareth} (\ho Naz•raios\). The Nazarene, not <strong>in</strong> 9:5;<br />
26:15 and here because Jesus is mentioned now for <strong>the</strong> first time<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> address. The form \Naz•raios\ as <strong>in</strong> Mt 2:23 (which see)<br />
is used also <strong>in</strong> 24:5 for <strong>the</strong> followers of Jesus <strong>in</strong>stead of<br />
\Nazar•nos\ as <strong>in</strong> Mr 1:24, etc. (which see).<br />
22:9 {But <strong>the</strong>y heard not <strong>the</strong> voice} (\t•n de ph•n•n ouk<br />
•kousan\). The accusative here may be used ra<strong>the</strong>r than <strong>the</strong><br />
genitive as <strong>in</strong> verse 7 to <strong>in</strong>dicate that those with Paul did not<br />
understand what <strong>the</strong>y heard (9:7) just as <strong>the</strong>y beheld <strong>the</strong> light<br />
(22:9), but did not see Jesus (9:7). The difference <strong>in</strong> cases<br />
allows this dist<strong>in</strong>ction, though it is not always observed as just<br />
noticed about 22:14; 26:14. The verb \akou•\ is used <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
sense of understand (Mr 4:33; 1Co 14:2). It is one of <strong>the</strong><br />
evidences of <strong>the</strong> genu<strong>in</strong>eness of this report of Paul's speech that<br />
Luke did not try to smooth out apparent discrepancies <strong>in</strong> details<br />
between <strong>the</strong> words of Paul and his own record already <strong>in</strong> ch. 9.<br />
The Textus Receptus adds <strong>in</strong> this verse: "And <strong>the</strong>y became afraid"<br />
(\kai emphoboi egenonto\). Clearly not genu<strong>in</strong>e.<br />
22:10 {Into Damascus} (\eis Damaskon\). In 9:6 simply "<strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong><br />
city" (\eis t•n pol<strong>in</strong>\). {Of all th<strong>in</strong>gs which} (\peri pant•n<br />
h•n\). \H•n\, relative plural attracted to genitive of antecedent<br />
from accusative \ha\, object of \poi•sai\ (do). {Are appo<strong>in</strong>ted<br />
for <strong>the</strong>e} (\tetaktai soi\). Perfect passive <strong>in</strong>dicative of<br />
\tass•\, to appo<strong>in</strong>t, to order, with dative \soi\. Compare with<br />
\hoti se dei\ of 9:6. The words were spoken to Paul, of course,<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Aramaic, Saoul, Saoul.<br />
22:11 {I could not see} (\ouk eneblepon\). Imperfect active of<br />
\emblep•\, I was not see<strong>in</strong>g, same fact stated <strong>in</strong> 9:8. Here <strong>the</strong><br />
reason as "for <strong>the</strong> glory of that light" (\apo t•s dox•s tou<br />
ph•tos eke<strong>in</strong>ou\). {Be<strong>in</strong>g led by <strong>the</strong> hand} (\cheirag•goumenos\).<br />
Present passive participle of \cheirag•ge•\, <strong>the</strong> same verb used<br />
<strong>in</strong> 9:8 (\cheirag•gountes\) which see. Late verb, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T.<br />
only <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>se two places. In LXX.<br />
22:12 {A devout man accord<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong> law} (\eulab•s kata ton<br />
nomon\). See on ¯2:5; 8:2; Lu 2:25 for <strong>the</strong> adjective \eulab•s\.<br />
Paul adds "accord<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong> law" to show that he was <strong>in</strong>troduced<br />
http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/AC22.RWP.html (5 of 10) [28/08/2004 09:07:31 a.m.]