Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox

Word Pictures in the NT [Acts: Chapter 21]
hundred were trampled to death.
21:33 {Came near} (\eggisas\). First aorist active participle of
\eggiz•\, to draw near, _Koin•_ verb from \eggus\, near, and
common in the N.T. {Laid hold on him} (\epelabeto antou\). See
same verb in verse 30. {To be bound} (\deth•nai\). First aorist
passive infinitive of \de•\ (see verse 11). {With two chains}
(\halusesi dusi\). Instrumental case of \halusis\, old word from
\a\ privative and \lu•\ (not loosing, i.e. chaining). With two
chains as a violent and seditious person, probably leader of a
band of assassins (verse 38). See on ¯Mr 5:4. {Inquired}
(\epunthaneto\). Imperfect middle of \punthanomai\, old and
common verb used mainly by Luke in the N.T. Lysias repeated his
inquiries. {Who he was} (\tis ei•\). Present active optative of
\eimi\ changed from \estin\ (present indicative) in the indirect
question, a change not obligatory after a past tense, but often
done in the older Greek, rare in the N.T. (Robertson, _Grammar_,
p. 1043f.). {And what he had done} (\kai ti estin pepoi•k•s\).
Periphrastic perfect active indicative of \poie•\ here retained,
not changed to the optative as is true of \ei•\ from \estin\ in
the same indirect question, illustrating well the freedom about
it.
21:34 {Some shouting one thing, some another} (\alloi allo ti
epeph•noun\). Same idiom of \alloi allo\ as in 19:32 which see.
The imperfect of \epiph•ne•\, to call out to, suits well the
idiom. This old verb occurs in the N.T. only in Luke and Acts
(already in 12:22). {When he could not know} (\m• dunamenou
autou gn•nai\). Genitive absolute of present middle participle of
\dunamai\ with negative \m•\ and second aorist active infinitive
of \gin•sk•\. {The certainty} (\to asphales\). Neuter articular
adjective from \a\ privative and \sphall•\, to make totter or
fall. Old word, in the N.T. only in Ac 21:34; 22:30; 25:26; Php
3:1; Heb 6:19. {Into the castle} (\eis t•n parembol•n\). _Koin•_
word from \paremball•\, to cast in by the side of, to assign
soldiers a place, to encamp (see on ¯Lu 19:43). So \parembol•\
comes to mean an interpolation, then an army drawn up (Heb
11:34), but mainly an encampment (Heb 13:11,13), frequent in
Polybius and LXX. So here barracks of the Roman soldiers in the
tower of Antonia as in verse 37; 22:24; 23:10,16,32.
21:35 {Upon the stairs} (\epi tous anabathmous\). From \ana\, up,
and \bain•\, to go. Late word, in LXX and _Koin•_ writers. In the
N.T. only here and verse 40. {So it was} (\suneb•\). Second
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