Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox

Word Pictures in the NT [Luke: Chapter 16]
the sores by the dogs added to the misery of Lazarus or gave a
measure of comfort, as he lay in his helpless condition. "Furrer
speaks of witnessing dogs and lepers waiting together for the
refuse" (Bruce). It was a scramble between the dogs and Lazarus.
16:22 {Was borne} (\apenechth•nai\). First aorist passive
infinitive from \apopher•\, a common compound defective verb. The
accusative case of general reference (\auton\) is common with the
infinitive in such clauses after \egeneto\, like indirect
discourse. It is his soul, of course, that was so borne by the
angels, not his body. {Into Abraham's bosom} (\eis ton holpon
Abraam\). To be in Abraham's bosom is to the Jew to be in
Paradise. In Joh 1:18 the Logos is in the bosom of the Father.
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are in heaven and welcome those who
come (Mt 8:11; 4Macc. 14:17). The beloved disciple reclined on
the bosom of Jesus at the last passover (Joh 13:23) and this
fact indicates special favour. So the welcome to Lazarus was
unusual. {Was buried} (\etaph•\). Second aorist (effective)
passive of the common verb \thapt•\. Apparently in contrast with
the angelic visitation to the beggar.
16:23 {In Hades} (\en t•i H•id•i\). See on Mt 16:18 for
discussion of this word. Lazarus was in Hades also for both
Paradise (Abraham's bosom) and Gehenna are in the unseen world
beyond the grave. {In torments} (\en basanois\). The touchstone
by which gold and other metals were tested, then the rack for
torturing people. Old word, but in the N.T. only here, Lu 16:28;
Mt 4:24. {Sees} (\hor•i\). Dramatic present indicative. The Jews
believed that Gehenna and Paradise were close together. This
detail in the parable does not demand that we believe it. The
picture calls for it. {From afar} (\apo makrothen\). Pleonastic
use of \apo\ as \makrothen\ means {from afar}.
16:24 {That he may dip} (\hina baps•i\). First aorist active
subjunctive of \bapt•\, common verb, to dip. {In water}
(\hudatos\). Genitive, the specifying case, water and not
something else. {Cool} (\katapsux•i\). First aorist active
subjunctive of \katapsuch•\, a late Greek compound, to cool off,
to make cool. Only here in the N.T. but common in medical books.
Note perfective use of \kata-\ (down). A small service that will
be welcome. {For I am in anguish} (\hoti odun•mai\). The active
has a causative sense to cause intense pain, the middle to
torment oneself (Lu 2:48; Ac 20:38), the passive to be
translated as here. Common verb, but no other examples in the
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