Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Luke: Chapter 13]. N.T. 13:9 {And if it bear fruit thenceforth} (\k'an men poi•s•i karpon eis to mellon\). Aposiopesis, sudden breaking off for effect (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 1203). See it also in Mr 11:32; Ac 23:9. Trench (_Parables_) tells a story like this of intercession for the fig tree for one year more which is widely current among the Arabs today who say that it will certainly bear fruit this time. 13:10 {He was teaching} (\•n didask•n\). Periphrastic imperfect active. 13:11 {A spirit of infirmity} (\pneuma astheneias\). A spirit that caused the weakness (\astheneias\, lack of strength) like a spirit of bondage (Ro 8:15), genitive case. {She was bowed together} (\•n sunkuptousa\). Periphrastic imperfect active of \sunkupt•\, old verb, here only in the N.T., to bend together, medical word for curvature of the spine. {And could in no wise lift herself up} (\kai m• dunamen• anakupsai eis to panteles\). Negative form of the previous statement. \Anakupsai\, first aorist active infinitive of \anakupt•\ (\ana, kupt•\, same verb above compounded with \sun\). Unable to bend herself up or back at all (\eis to panteles\, wholly as in Heb 7:25 only other passage in the N.T. where it occurs). The poor old woman had to come in all bent over. 13:12 {He called her} (\proseph•n•sen\). To come to him (\pros\). {Thou art loosed} (\apolelusai\). Perfect passive indicative of \apolu•\, common verb, loosed to stay free. Only N.T. example of use about disease. 13:13 {He laid his hands upon her} (\epeth•ken aut•i tas cheiras\). First aorist active indicative of \epitith•mi\. As the Great Physician with gentle kindness. {She was made straight} (\an•rth•th•\). First aorist (effective) passive indicative of \anortho•\, old verb, but only three times in the N.T. (Lu 13:13; Heb 12:12; Ac 15:16), to make straight again. Here it has the literal sense of making straight the old woman's crooked back. {She glorified God} (\edoxazen ton theon\). Imperfect active. Began it (inchoative) and kept it up. 13:14 {Answered} (\apokritheis\). First aorist passive participle of \apokrinomai\. No one had spoken to him, but he felt his http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/LU13.RWP.html (3 of 8) [28/08/2004 09:05:40 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Luke: Chapter 13]. importance as the ruler of the synagogue and was indignant (\aganakt•n\, from \agan\ and \achomai\, to feel much pain). His words have a ludicrous sound as if all the people had to do to get their crooked backs straightened out was to come round to his synagogue during the week. He forgot that this poor old woman had been coming for eighteen years with no result. He was angry with Jesus, but he spoke to the multitude (\t•i ochl•i\). {Ought} (\dei\). Really, must, necessary, a direct hit at Jesus who had "worked" on the sabbath in healing this old woman. {And not} (\kai m•\). Instead of \kai ou\, because in the imperative clause. 13:15 {The Lord answered him} (\apekrith• de aut•i ho Kurios\). Note use of "the Lord" of Jesus again in Luke's narrative. Jesus answered the ruler of the synagogue who had spoken to the crowd, but about Jesus. It was a crushing and overwhelming reply. {Hypocrites} (\hupokritai\). This pretentious faultfinder and all who agree with him. {Each of you} (\hekastos hum•n\). An _argumentum ad hominen_. These very critics of Jesus cared too much for an ox or an ass to leave it all the sabbath without water. {Stall} (\phatn•s\). Old word, in the N.T. only here and Lu 2:7,12,16 the manger where the infant Jesus was placed. {To watering} (\potizei\). Old verb, causative, to give to drink. 13:16 {Daughter of Abraham} (\thugatera Abraam\). Triple argument, human being and not an ox or ass, woman, daughter of Abraham (Jewess), besides being old and ill. {Ought not} (\ouk edei\). Imperfect active. Of necessity. Jesus simply had to heal her even if on the sabbath. {Whom S•tan bound} (\h•n ed•sen ho Satanas\). Definite statement that her disease was due to Satan. 13:17 {Were put to shame} (\kat•ischunonto\). Imperfect passive of \kataischun•\, old verb, to make ashamed, make one feel ashamed. Passive here, to blush with shame at their predicament. {Rejoiced} (\echairen\). Imperfect active. Sharp contrast in the emotions of the two groups. {Were done} (\ginomenois\). Present middle participle, were continually being done. 13:18 {He said therefore} (\elegen oun\). It is not clear to what to refer "therefore," whether to the case of the woman in verse 11, the enthusiasm of the crowd in verse 17, or to something not recorded by Luke. 13:19 {A grain of mustard seed} (\kokk•i sinape•s\). Either the http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/LU13.RWP.html (4 of 8) [28/08/2004 09:05:40 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Luke: Chapter 13].<br />
importance as <strong>the</strong> ruler of <strong>the</strong> synagogue and was <strong>in</strong>dignant<br />
(\aganakt•n\, from \agan\ and \achomai\, to feel much pa<strong>in</strong>). His<br />
words have a ludicrous sound as if all <strong>the</strong> people had to do to<br />
get <strong>the</strong>ir crooked backs straightened out was to come round to his<br />
synagogue dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> week. He forgot that this poor old woman had<br />
been com<strong>in</strong>g for eighteen years with no result. He was angry with<br />
Jesus, but he spoke to <strong>the</strong> multitude (\t•i ochl•i\). {Ought}<br />
(\dei\). Really, must, necessary, a direct hit at Jesus who had<br />
"worked" on <strong>the</strong> sabbath <strong>in</strong> heal<strong>in</strong>g this old woman. {And not}<br />
(\kai m•\). Instead of \kai ou\, because <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> imperative<br />
clause.<br />
13:15 {The Lord answered him} (\apekrith• de aut•i ho Kurios\).<br />
Note use of "<strong>the</strong> Lord" of Jesus aga<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> Luke's narrative. Jesus<br />
answered <strong>the</strong> ruler of <strong>the</strong> synagogue who had spoken to <strong>the</strong> crowd,<br />
but about Jesus. It was a crush<strong>in</strong>g and overwhelm<strong>in</strong>g reply.<br />
{Hypocrites} (\hupokritai\). This pretentious faultf<strong>in</strong>der and all<br />
who agree with him. {Each of you} (\hekastos hum•n\). An<br />
_argumentum ad hom<strong>in</strong>en_. These very critics of Jesus cared too<br />
much for an ox or an ass to leave it all <strong>the</strong> sabbath without<br />
water. {Stall} (\phatn•s\). Old word, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T. only here and<br />
Lu 2:7,12,16 <strong>the</strong> manger where <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>fant Jesus was placed. {To<br />
water<strong>in</strong>g} (\potizei\). Old verb, causative, to give to dr<strong>in</strong>k.<br />
13:16 {Daughter of Abraham} (\thugatera Abraam\). Triple<br />
argument, human be<strong>in</strong>g and not an ox or ass, woman, daughter of<br />
Abraham (Jewess), besides be<strong>in</strong>g old and ill. {Ought not} (\ouk<br />
edei\). Imperfect active. Of necessity. Jesus simply had to heal<br />
her even if on <strong>the</strong> sabbath. {Whom S•tan bound} (\h•n ed•sen ho<br />
Satanas\). Def<strong>in</strong>ite statement that her disease was due to Satan.<br />
13:17 {Were put to shame} (\kat•ischunonto\). Imperfect passive<br />
of \kataischun•\, old verb, to make ashamed, make one feel<br />
ashamed. Passive here, to blush with shame at <strong>the</strong>ir predicament.<br />
{Rejoiced} (\echairen\). Imperfect active. Sharp contrast <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
emotions of <strong>the</strong> two groups. {Were done} (\g<strong>in</strong>omenois\). Present<br />
middle participle, were cont<strong>in</strong>ually be<strong>in</strong>g done.<br />
13:18 {He said <strong>the</strong>refore} (\elegen oun\). It is not clear to what<br />
to refer "<strong>the</strong>refore," whe<strong>the</strong>r to <strong>the</strong> case of <strong>the</strong> woman <strong>in</strong> verse<br />
11, <strong>the</strong> enthusiasm of <strong>the</strong> crowd <strong>in</strong> verse 17, or to someth<strong>in</strong>g<br />
not recorded by Luke.<br />
13:19 {A gra<strong>in</strong> of mustard seed} (\kokk•i s<strong>in</strong>ape•s\). Ei<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong><br />
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