Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox

Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox

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Word Pictures in the NT [Luke: Chapter 13]. N.T. 13:9 {And if it bear fruit thenceforth} (\k'an men poi•s•i karpon eis to mellon\). Aposiopesis, sudden breaking off for effect (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 1203). See it also in Mr 11:32; Ac 23:9. Trench (_Parables_) tells a story like this of intercession for the fig tree for one year more which is widely current among the Arabs today who say that it will certainly bear fruit this time. 13:10 {He was teaching} (\•n didask•n\). Periphrastic imperfect active. 13:11 {A spirit of infirmity} (\pneuma astheneias\). A spirit that caused the weakness (\astheneias\, lack of strength) like a spirit of bondage (Ro 8:15), genitive case. {She was bowed together} (\•n sunkuptousa\). Periphrastic imperfect active of \sunkupt•\, old verb, here only in the N.T., to bend together, medical word for curvature of the spine. {And could in no wise lift herself up} (\kai m• dunamen• anakupsai eis to panteles\). Negative form of the previous statement. \Anakupsai\, first aorist active infinitive of \anakupt•\ (\ana, kupt•\, same verb above compounded with \sun\). Unable to bend herself up or back at all (\eis to panteles\, wholly as in Heb 7:25 only other passage in the N.T. where it occurs). The poor old woman had to come in all bent over. 13:12 {He called her} (\proseph•n•sen\). To come to him (\pros\). {Thou art loosed} (\apolelusai\). Perfect passive indicative of \apolu•\, common verb, loosed to stay free. Only N.T. example of use about disease. 13:13 {He laid his hands upon her} (\epeth•ken aut•i tas cheiras\). First aorist active indicative of \epitith•mi\. As the Great Physician with gentle kindness. {She was made straight} (\an•rth•th•\). First aorist (effective) passive indicative of \anortho•\, old verb, but only three times in the N.T. (Lu 13:13; Heb 12:12; Ac 15:16), to make straight again. Here it has the literal sense of making straight the old woman's crooked back. {She glorified God} (\edoxazen ton theon\). Imperfect active. Began it (inchoative) and kept it up. 13:14 {Answered} (\apokritheis\). First aorist passive participle of \apokrinomai\. No one had spoken to him, but he felt his http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/LU13.RWP.html (3 of 8) [28/08/2004 09:05:40 a.m.]

Word Pictures in the NT [Luke: Chapter 13]. importance as the ruler of the synagogue and was indignant (\aganakt•n\, from \agan\ and \achomai\, to feel much pain). His words have a ludicrous sound as if all the people had to do to get their crooked backs straightened out was to come round to his synagogue during the week. He forgot that this poor old woman had been coming for eighteen years with no result. He was angry with Jesus, but he spoke to the multitude (\t•i ochl•i\). {Ought} (\dei\). Really, must, necessary, a direct hit at Jesus who had "worked" on the sabbath in healing this old woman. {And not} (\kai m•\). Instead of \kai ou\, because in the imperative clause. 13:15 {The Lord answered him} (\apekrith• de aut•i ho Kurios\). Note use of "the Lord" of Jesus again in Luke's narrative. Jesus answered the ruler of the synagogue who had spoken to the crowd, but about Jesus. It was a crushing and overwhelming reply. {Hypocrites} (\hupokritai\). This pretentious faultfinder and all who agree with him. {Each of you} (\hekastos hum•n\). An _argumentum ad hominen_. These very critics of Jesus cared too much for an ox or an ass to leave it all the sabbath without water. {Stall} (\phatn•s\). Old word, in the N.T. only here and Lu 2:7,12,16 the manger where the infant Jesus was placed. {To watering} (\potizei\). Old verb, causative, to give to drink. 13:16 {Daughter of Abraham} (\thugatera Abraam\). Triple argument, human being and not an ox or ass, woman, daughter of Abraham (Jewess), besides being old and ill. {Ought not} (\ouk edei\). Imperfect active. Of necessity. Jesus simply had to heal her even if on the sabbath. {Whom S•tan bound} (\h•n ed•sen ho Satanas\). Definite statement that her disease was due to Satan. 13:17 {Were put to shame} (\kat•ischunonto\). Imperfect passive of \kataischun•\, old verb, to make ashamed, make one feel ashamed. Passive here, to blush with shame at their predicament. {Rejoiced} (\echairen\). Imperfect active. Sharp contrast in the emotions of the two groups. {Were done} (\ginomenois\). Present middle participle, were continually being done. 13:18 {He said therefore} (\elegen oun\). It is not clear to what to refer "therefore," whether to the case of the woman in verse 11, the enthusiasm of the crowd in verse 17, or to something not recorded by Luke. 13:19 {A grain of mustard seed} (\kokk•i sinape•s\). Either the http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/LU13.RWP.html (4 of 8) [28/08/2004 09:05:40 a.m.]

<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Luke: Chapter 13].<br />

N.T.<br />

13:9 {And if it bear fruit <strong>the</strong>nceforth} (\k'an men poi•s•i karpon<br />

eis to mellon\). Aposiopesis, sudden break<strong>in</strong>g off for effect<br />

(Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 1203). See it also <strong>in</strong> Mr 11:32; Ac<br />

23:9. Trench (_Parables_) tells a story like this of<br />

<strong>in</strong>tercession for <strong>the</strong> fig tree for one year more which is widely<br />

current among <strong>the</strong> Arabs today who say that it will certa<strong>in</strong>ly bear<br />

fruit this time.<br />

13:10 {He was teach<strong>in</strong>g} (\•n didask•n\). Periphrastic imperfect<br />

active.<br />

13:11 {A spirit of <strong>in</strong>firmity} (\pneuma as<strong>the</strong>neias\). A spirit<br />

that caused <strong>the</strong> weakness (\as<strong>the</strong>neias\, lack of strength) like a<br />

spirit of bondage (Ro 8:15), genitive case. {She was bowed<br />

toge<strong>the</strong>r} (\•n sunkuptousa\). Periphrastic imperfect active of<br />

\sunkupt•\, old verb, here only <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T., to bend toge<strong>the</strong>r,<br />

medical word for curvature of <strong>the</strong> sp<strong>in</strong>e. {And could <strong>in</strong> no wise<br />

lift herself up} (\kai m• dunamen• anakupsai eis to panteles\).<br />

Negative form of <strong>the</strong> previous statement. \Anakupsai\, first<br />

aorist active <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>itive of \anakupt•\ (\ana, kupt•\, same verb<br />

above compounded with \sun\). Unable to bend herself up or back<br />

at all (\eis to panteles\, wholly as <strong>in</strong> Heb 7:25 only o<strong>the</strong>r<br />

passage <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T. where it occurs). The poor old woman had to<br />

come <strong>in</strong> all bent over.<br />

13:12 {He called her} (\proseph•n•sen\). To come to him (\pros\).<br />

{Thou art loosed} (\apolelusai\). Perfect passive <strong>in</strong>dicative of<br />

\apolu•\, common verb, loosed to stay free. Only N.T. example of<br />

use about disease.<br />

13:13 {He laid his hands upon her} (\epeth•ken aut•i tas<br />

cheiras\). First aorist active <strong>in</strong>dicative of \epitith•mi\. As <strong>the</strong><br />

Great Physician with gentle k<strong>in</strong>dness. {She was made straight}<br />

(\an•rth•th•\). First aorist (effective) passive <strong>in</strong>dicative of<br />

\anortho•\, old verb, but only three times <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T. (Lu<br />

13:13; Heb 12:12; Ac 15:16), to make straight aga<strong>in</strong>. Here it has<br />

<strong>the</strong> literal sense of mak<strong>in</strong>g straight <strong>the</strong> old woman's crooked<br />

back. {She glorified God} (\edoxazen ton <strong>the</strong>on\). Imperfect<br />

active. Began it (<strong>in</strong>choative) and kept it up.<br />

13:14 {Answered} (\apokri<strong>the</strong>is\). First aorist passive participle<br />

of \apokr<strong>in</strong>omai\. No one had spoken to him, but he felt his<br />

http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/LU13.RWP.html (3 of 8) [28/08/2004 09:05:40 a.m.]

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