Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Luke: Chapter 10]. another question to show that he did have some point at first: {And who is my neighbour?} (\kai tis estin mou pl•sion;\). The Jews split hairs over this question and excluded from "neighbour" Gentiles and especially Samaritans. So here was his loop-hole. A neighbour is a nigh dweller to one, but the Jews made racial exceptions as many, alas, do today. The word \pl•sion\ here is an adverb (neuter of the adjective \pl•sios\) meaning \ho pl•sion •n\ (the one who is near), but \•n\ was usually not expressed and the adverb is here used as if a substantive. 10:30 {Made answer} (\hupolab•n\). Second aorist active participle of \hupolamban•\ (see 7:43), to take up literally, and then in thought and speech, old verb, but in this sense of interrupting in talk only in the N.T. {Was going down} (\katebainen\). Imperfect active describing the journey. {Fell among robbers} (\l•istais periepesen\). Second aorist ingressive active indicative of \peripipt•\, old verb with associative instrumental case, to fall among and to be encompassed by (\peri\, around), to be surrounded by robbers. A common experience to this day on the road to Jericho. The Romans placed a fort on this "red and bloody way." These were bandits, not petty thieves. {Stripped} (\ekdusantes\). Of his clothing as well as of his money, the meanest sort of robbers. {Beat him} (\pl•gas epithentes\). Second aorist active participle of \epitith•mi\, a common verb. Literally, "placing strokes or blows" (\pl•gas\, plagues) upon him. See Lu 12:48; Ac 16:23; Re 15:1,6,8 for "plagues." {Half-dead} (\h•mithan•\). Late word from \h•mi\, half, and \thn•sk•\, to die. Only here in the N.T. Vivid picture of the robbery. 10:31 {By chance} (\kata sugkurian\). Here only in the N.T., meaning rather, "by way of coincidence." It is a rare word elsewhere and in late writers like Hippocrates. It is from the verb \sugkure•\, though \sugkur•sis\ is more common. {Was going down} (\katebainen\). Imperfect active as in verse 30. Passed by on the other side (\antipar•lthen\). Second aorist active indicative of \antiparerchomai\, a late double compound here (verses 31,32) only in the N.T., but in the papyri and late writers. It is the ingressive aorist (\•lthen\), came alongside (\para\), and then he stepped over to the opposite side (\anti\) of the road to avoid ceremonial contamination with a stranger. A vivid and powerful picture of the vice of Jewish ceremonial cleanliness at the cost of moral principle and duty. The Levite http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/LU10.RWP.html (8 of 12) [28/08/2004 09:05:34 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Luke: Chapter 10]. in verse 32 behaved precisely as the priest had done and for the same reason. 10:33 {A certain Samaritan} (\Samareit•s de tis\). Of all men in the world to do a neighbourly act! {As he journeyed} (\hodeu•n\). Making his way. {Came where he was} (\•lthen kat' auton\). Literally, "came down upon him." He did not sidestep or dodge him, but had compassion on him. 10:34 {Bound up his wounds} (\kated•sen ta traumata\). First aorist active indicative of \katade•\, old verb, but here only in the N.T. The verb means "bound down." We say "bind up." Medical detail that interested Luke. The word for "wounds" (\traumata\) here only in the N.T. {Pouring on them oil and wine} (\epiche•n elaion kai oinon\). Old verb again, but here only in the N.T. Oil and wine were household remedies even for wounds (soothing oil, antiseptic alcohol). Hippocrates prescribed for ulcers: "Bind with soft wool, and sprinkle with wine and oil." {Set him} (\epibibasas\). An old verb \epibibaz•\ (\epi\, \bibaz•\), to cause to mount. In the N.T. only here and Ac 19:35; 23:24, common in LXX. {Beast} (\kt•nos\). Old word from \ktaomai\, to acquire, and so property (\kt•ma\) especially cattle or any beast of burden. {An inn} (\pandocheion\). The old Attic form was \pandokeion\ (from \pan\, all, and \dechomai\, to receive). A public place for receiving all comers and a more pretentious caravanserai than a \kataluma\ like that in Lu 2:7. Here only in the N.T. There are ruins of two inns about halfway between Bethany and Jericho. 10:35 {On the morrow} (\epi t•n aurion\). Towards the morrow as in Ac 4:5. (Cf. also Ac 3:1). Syriac Sinaitic has it "at dawn of the day." An unusual use of \epi\. {Took out} (\ekbal•n\). Second aorist active participle of \ekball•\. It could mean, "fling out," but probably only means "drew out." Common verb. {Two pence} (\duo d•naria\). About thirty-five cents, but worth more in purchasing power. {To the host} (\t•i pandochei\). The innkeeper. Here only in the N.T. {Whatsoever thou spendest more} (\hoti an prosdapan•s•is\). Indefinite relative clause with \an\ and the aorist active subjunctive of \prosdapana•\, to spend besides (\pros\), a late verb for the common \prosanalisk•\ and here only in the N.T. {I will repay} (\ego apod•s•\). Emphatic. What he had paid was merely by way of pledge. He was a man of his word and known to the innkeeper as reliable. {When I come back again} (\en t•i epanerchesthai me\). Luke's favourite idiom of http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/LU10.RWP.html (9 of 12) [28/08/2004 09:05:34 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Luke: Chapter 10].<br />
<strong>in</strong> verse 32 behaved precisely as <strong>the</strong> priest had done and for<br />
<strong>the</strong> same reason.<br />
10:33 {A certa<strong>in</strong> Samaritan} (\Samareit•s de tis\). Of all men <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> world to do a neighbourly act! {As he journeyed} (\hodeu•n\).<br />
Mak<strong>in</strong>g his way. {Came where he was} (\•l<strong>the</strong>n kat' auton\).<br />
Literally, "came down upon him." He did not sidestep or dodge<br />
him, but had compassion on him.<br />
10:34 {Bound up his wounds} (\kated•sen ta traumata\). First<br />
aorist active <strong>in</strong>dicative of \katade•\, old verb, but here only <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> N.T. The verb means "bound down." We say "b<strong>in</strong>d up." Medical<br />
detail that <strong>in</strong>terested Luke. The word for "wounds" (\traumata\)<br />
here only <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T. {Pour<strong>in</strong>g on <strong>the</strong>m oil and w<strong>in</strong>e} (\epiche•n<br />
elaion kai o<strong>in</strong>on\). Old verb aga<strong>in</strong>, but here only <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T. Oil<br />
and w<strong>in</strong>e were household remedies even for wounds (sooth<strong>in</strong>g oil,<br />
antiseptic alcohol). Hippocrates prescribed for ulcers: "B<strong>in</strong>d<br />
with soft wool, and spr<strong>in</strong>kle with w<strong>in</strong>e and oil." {Set him}<br />
(\epibibasas\). An old verb \epibibaz•\ (\epi\, \bibaz•\), to<br />
cause to mount. In <strong>the</strong> N.T. only here and Ac 19:35; 23:24,<br />
common <strong>in</strong> LXX. {Beast} (\kt•nos\). Old word from \ktaomai\, to<br />
acquire, and so property (\kt•ma\) especially cattle or any beast<br />
of burden. {An <strong>in</strong>n} (\pandocheion\). The old Attic form was<br />
\pandokeion\ (from \pan\, all, and \dechomai\, to receive). A<br />
public place for receiv<strong>in</strong>g all comers and a more pretentious<br />
caravanserai than a \kataluma\ like that <strong>in</strong> Lu 2:7. Here only<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T. There are ru<strong>in</strong>s of two <strong>in</strong>ns about halfway between<br />
Bethany and Jericho.<br />
10:35 {On <strong>the</strong> morrow} (\epi t•n aurion\). Towards <strong>the</strong> morrow as<br />
<strong>in</strong> Ac 4:5. (Cf. also Ac 3:1). Syriac S<strong>in</strong>aitic has it "at dawn<br />
of <strong>the</strong> day." An unusual use of \epi\. {Took out} (\ekbal•n\).<br />
Second aorist active participle of \ekball•\. It could mean,<br />
"fl<strong>in</strong>g out," but probably only means "drew out." Common verb.<br />
{Two pence} (\duo d•naria\). About thirty-five cents, but worth<br />
more <strong>in</strong> purchas<strong>in</strong>g power. {To <strong>the</strong> host} (\t•i pandochei\). The<br />
<strong>in</strong>nkeeper. Here only <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T. {Whatsoever thou spendest more}<br />
(\hoti an prosdapan•s•is\). Indef<strong>in</strong>ite relative clause with \an\<br />
and <strong>the</strong> aorist active subjunctive of \prosdapana•\, to spend<br />
besides (\pros\), a late verb for <strong>the</strong> common \prosanalisk•\ and<br />
here only <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T. {I will repay} (\ego apod•s•\). Emphatic.<br />
What he had paid was merely by way of pledge. He was a man of his<br />
word and known to <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>nkeeper as reliable. {When I come back<br />
aga<strong>in</strong>} (\en t•i epanerchesthai me\). Luke's favourite idiom of<br />
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