Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Luke: Chapter 6] [Table of Contents] [Previous] [Next] 6:1 {On a sabbath} (\en sabbat•i\). This is the second sabbath on which Jesus is noted by Luke. The first was Lu 4:31-41. There was another in Joh 5:1-47. There is Western and Syrian (Byzantine) evidence for a very curious reading here which calls this sabbath "secondfirst" (\deuteropr•t•i\). It is undoubtedly spurious, though Westcott and Hort print it in the margin. A possible explanation is that a scribe wrote "first" (\pr•t•i\) on the margin because of the sabbath miracle in Lu 6:6-11. Then another scribe recalled Lu 4:31 where a sabbath is mentioned and wrote "second" (\deuter•i\) also on the margin. Finally a third scribe combined the two in the word \deuteropr•t•i\ that is not found elsewhere. If it were genuine, we should not know what it means. {Plucked} (\etillon\). Imperfect active. They were plucking as they went on through (\diaporeuesthai\). Whether wheat or barley, we do not know, not our "corn" (maize). {Did eat} (\•sthion\). Imperfect again. See on ¯Mt 12:1f.; Mr 2:23f. for the separate acts in supposed violence of the sabbath laws. {Rubbing them in their hands} (\ps•chontes tais chersin\). Only in Luke and only here in the N.T. This was one of the chief offences. "According to Rabbinical notions, it was reaping, threshing, winnowing, and preparing food all at once" (Plummer). These Pharisees were straining out gnats and swallowing camels! This verb \ps•ch•\ is a late one for \psa•\, to rub. 6:3 {Not even this} (\oude touto\). This small point only in Luke. {What} (\ho\). Literally, {which}. Mr 2:25; Mt 12:3 have \ti\ (what). 6:4 {Did take} (\lab•n\). Second aorist active participle of \lamban•\. Not in Mark and Matthew. See Mt 12:1-8; Mr 2:23-28 for discussion of details about the shewbread and the five arguments in defence of his conduct on the sabbath (example of David, work of the priests on the sabbath, prophecy of Ho 6:6, purpose of the sabbath for man, the Son of Man lord of the sabbath). It was an overwhelming and crushing reply to these pettifogging ceremonialists to which they could not reply, but which increased their anger. Codex D transfers verse 5 to after verse 10 and puts here the following: "On the same day http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/LU6.RWP.html (1 of 14) [28/08/2004 09:05:17 a.m.] Word Pictures in the New Testament (Luke: Chapter 6)
Word Pictures in the NT [Luke: Chapter 6] beholding one working on the sabbath he said to him: Man, if you know what you are doing, happy are you; but if you do not know, cursed are you and a transgressor of the law." 6:6 {On another sabbath} (\en heter•i sabbat•i\). This was a second (\heteron\, as it often means), but not necessarily the next, sabbath. This incident is given by all three synoptics (Mr 3:1-6; Mt 12:9-14; Lu 6:6-11). See Matt. and Mark for details. Only Luke notes that it was on a sabbath. Was this because Luke as a physician had to meet this problem in his own practise? {Right hand} (\h• dexia\). This alone in Luke, the physician's eye for particulars. 6:7 {The scribes and the Pharisees} (\hoi grammateis kai hoi Pharisaioi\). Only Luke here though Pharisees named in Mt 12:14 and Pharisees and Herodians in Mr 3:6. {Watched him} (\paret•rounto auton\). Imperfect middle, were watching for themselves on the side (\para\). Mr 3:2 has the imperfect active \paret•roun\. Common verb, but the proposition \para\ gave an extra touch, watching either assiduously like the physician at the bedside or insidiously with evil intent as here. {Would heal} (\therapeusei\). But the present active indicative (\therapeuei\) may be the correct text here. So Westcott and Hort. {That they might find out how to accuse him} (\hina heur•sin kat•gorein autou\). Second aorist active subjunctive of \heurisk•\ and the infinitive with it means to find out how to do a thing. They were determined to make a case against Jesus. They felt sure that their presence would prevent any spurious work on the part of Jesus. 6:8 {But he knew their thoughts} (\autos de •idei tous dialogismous aut•n\). In Luke alone. Imperfect in sense, second past perfect in form \•idei\ from \oida\. Jesus, in contrast to these spies (Plummer), read their intellectual processes like an open book. {His hand withered} (\x•ran t•n cheira\). Predicate position of the adjective. So in Mr 3:3. {Stand forth} (\st•thi\). Luke alone has this verb, second aorist active imperative. Mr 3:3 has {Arise into the midst} (\egeire eis to meson\). Luke has {Arise and step forth into the midst} (\egeire kai st•thi eis to meson\). Christ worked right out in the open where all could see. It was a moment of excitement when the man stepped forth (\est•\) there before them all. 6:9 {I ask you} (\eper•t• hum•s\). They had questions in their http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/LU6.RWP.html (2 of 14) [28/08/2004 09:05:17 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Luke: Chapter 6]<br />
behold<strong>in</strong>g one work<strong>in</strong>g on <strong>the</strong> sabbath he said to him: Man, if you<br />
know what you are do<strong>in</strong>g, happy are you; but if you do not know,<br />
cursed are you and a transgressor of <strong>the</strong> law."<br />
6:6 {On ano<strong>the</strong>r sabbath} (\en heter•i sabbat•i\). This was a<br />
second (\heteron\, as it often means), but not necessarily <strong>the</strong><br />
next, sabbath. This <strong>in</strong>cident is given by all three synoptics (Mr<br />
3:1-6; Mt 12:9-14; Lu 6:6-11). See Matt. and Mark for details.<br />
Only Luke notes that it was on a sabbath. Was this because Luke<br />
as a physician had to meet this problem <strong>in</strong> his own practise?<br />
{Right hand} (\h• dexia\). This alone <strong>in</strong> Luke, <strong>the</strong> physician's<br />
eye for particulars.<br />
6:7 {The scribes and <strong>the</strong> Pharisees} (\hoi grammateis kai hoi<br />
Pharisaioi\). Only Luke here though Pharisees named <strong>in</strong> Mt 12:14<br />
and Pharisees and Herodians <strong>in</strong> Mr 3:6. {Watched him}<br />
(\paret•rounto auton\). Imperfect middle, were watch<strong>in</strong>g for<br />
<strong>the</strong>mselves on <strong>the</strong> side (\para\). Mr 3:2 has <strong>the</strong> imperfect<br />
active \paret•roun\. Common verb, but <strong>the</strong> proposition \para\ gave<br />
an extra touch, watch<strong>in</strong>g ei<strong>the</strong>r assiduously like <strong>the</strong> physician at<br />
<strong>the</strong> bedside or <strong>in</strong>sidiously with evil <strong>in</strong>tent as here. {Would heal}<br />
(\<strong>the</strong>rapeusei\). But <strong>the</strong> present active <strong>in</strong>dicative (\<strong>the</strong>rapeuei\)<br />
may be <strong>the</strong> correct text here. So Westcott and Hort. {That <strong>the</strong>y<br />
might f<strong>in</strong>d out how to accuse him} (\h<strong>in</strong>a heur•s<strong>in</strong> kat•gore<strong>in</strong><br />
autou\). Second aorist active subjunctive of \heurisk•\ and <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>itive with it means to f<strong>in</strong>d out how to do a th<strong>in</strong>g. They were<br />
determ<strong>in</strong>ed to make a case aga<strong>in</strong>st Jesus. They felt sure that<br />
<strong>the</strong>ir presence would prevent any spurious work on <strong>the</strong> part of<br />
Jesus.<br />
6:8 {But he knew <strong>the</strong>ir thoughts} (\autos de •idei tous<br />
dialogismous aut•n\). In Luke alone. Imperfect <strong>in</strong> sense, second<br />
past perfect <strong>in</strong> form \•idei\ from \oida\. Jesus, <strong>in</strong> contrast to<br />
<strong>the</strong>se spies (Plummer), read <strong>the</strong>ir <strong>in</strong>tellectual processes like an<br />
open book. {His hand wi<strong>the</strong>red} (\x•ran t•n cheira\). Predicate<br />
position of <strong>the</strong> adjective. So <strong>in</strong> Mr 3:3. {Stand forth}<br />
(\st•thi\). Luke alone has this verb, second aorist active<br />
imperative. Mr 3:3 has {Arise <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> midst} (\egeire eis to<br />
meson\). Luke has {Arise and step forth <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> midst} (\egeire<br />
kai st•thi eis to meson\). Christ worked right out <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> open<br />
where all could see. It was a moment of excitement when <strong>the</strong> man<br />
stepped forth (\est•\) <strong>the</strong>re before <strong>the</strong>m all.<br />
6:9 {I ask you} (\eper•t• hum•s\). They had questions <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
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