Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Matthew: Chapter 4]. "behind me" (\opis• mou\) belong to Mt 16:23, not here. "Begone" Christ says to Satan. This temptation is the limit of diabolical suggestion and argues for the logical order in Matthew. "Satan" means the adversary and Christ so terms the devil here. The third time Jesus quotes Deuteronomy, this time De 6:13, and repels the infamous suggestion by Scripture quotation. The words "him alone thou shalt serve" need be recalled today. Jesus will warn men against trying to serve God and mammon (Mt 6:24). The devil as the lord of the evil world constantly tries to win men to the service of the world and God. This is his chief camouflage for destroying a preacher's power for God. The word here in Mt 4:10 for serve is \latreuseis\ from \latris\ a hired servant, one who works for hire, then render worship. 4:11 {Then the devil leaveth him} (\tote aphi•sin auton ho diabolos\). Note the use of "then" (\tote\) again and the historical present. The movement is swift. "And behold" (\kai idou\) as so often in Matthew carries on the life-like picture. "{Angels came} (aorist tense \pros•lthon\ punctiliar action) {and were ministering} (\di•konoun\, picturesque imperfect, linear action) {unto him}." The victory was won in spite of the fast of forty days and the repeated onsets of the devil who had tried every avenue of approach. The angels could cheer him in the inevitable nervous and spiritual reaction from the strain of conflict, and probably also with food as in the case of Elijah (1Ki 19:6f.). The issues at stake were of vast import as the champions of light and darkness grappled for the mastery of men. Lu 4:13 adds, that the devil left Jesus only "until a good opportunity" (\achri kairou\). 4:12 {Now when he heard} (\akousas de\). The reason for Christ's return to Galilee is given here to be that John had been delivered up into prison. The Synoptic Gospels skip from the temptation of Jesus to the Galilean ministry, a whole year. But for Joh 1:19-3:36 we should know nothing of the "year of obscurity" (Stalker). John supplies items to help fill in the picture. Christ's work in Galilee began after the close of the active ministry of the Baptist who lingered on in prison for a year or more. 4:13 {Dwelt in Capernaum} (\Kat•ik•sen eis Kapharnaoum\). He went first to Nazareth, his old home, but was rejected there (Lu 4:16-31). In Capernaum (probably the modern \Tell H–m\) Jesus http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/MT4.RWP.html (4 of 7) [28/08/2004 09:02:57 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Matthew: Chapter 4]. was in a large town, one of the centres of Galilean political and commercial life, a fishing mart, where many Gentiles came. Here the message of the kingdom would have a better chance than in Jerusalem with its ecclesiastical prejudices or in Nazareth with its local jealousies. So Jesus "made his home" (\kat•ik•sen\) here. 4:16 {Saw a great light} (\ph•s eiden mega\). Matthew quotes Isa 9:1f., and applies the words about the deliverer from Assyria to the Messiah. "The same district lay in spiritual darkness and death and the new era dawned when Christ went thither" (McNeile). Light sprang up from those who were sitting in the region and shadow of death (\en chor•i kai ski•i thanatou\). Death is personified. 4:17 {Began Jesus to preach} (\•rxato ho I•sous k•russein\). In Galilee. He had been preaching for over a year already elsewhere. His message carries on the words of the Baptist about "repentance" and the "kingdom of heaven" (Mt 3:2) being at hand. The same word for "preaching" (\k•russein\) from \k•rux\, herald, is used of Jesus as of John. Both proclaimed the good news of the kingdom. Jesus is more usually described as the Teacher, (\ho didaskalos\) who taught (\edidasken\) the people. He was both herald and teacher as every preacher should be. 4:18 {Casting a net into the sea} (\ballantas amphibl•stron eis t•n thalassan\). The word here for net is a casting-net (compare \amphiball•\ in Mr 1:16, casting on both sides). The net was thrown over the shoulder and spread into a circle (\amphi\). In 4:20 and 4:21 another word occurs for nets (\diktua\), a word used for nets of any kind. The large drag-net (\sag•n•\) appears in Mt 13:47. 4:19 {Fishers of men} (\haleeis anthr•p•n\). Andrew and Simon were fishers by trade. They had already become disciples of Jesus (Joh 1:35-42), but now they are called upon to leave their business and to follow Jesus in his travels and work. These two brothers promptly (\euthe•s\) accepted the call and challenge of Jesus. 4:21 {Mending their nets} (\katartizontas ta diktua aut•n\). These two brothers, James and John, were getting their nets ready for use. The verb (\katartiz•\) means to adjust, to articulate, to mend if needed (Lu 6:40; Ro 9:22; Ga 6:1). So they promptly http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/MT4.RWP.html (5 of 7) [28/08/2004 09:02:57 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Mat<strong>the</strong>w: Chapter 4].<br />
was <strong>in</strong> a large town, one of <strong>the</strong> centres of Galilean political and<br />
commercial life, a fish<strong>in</strong>g mart, where many Gentiles came. Here<br />
<strong>the</strong> message of <strong>the</strong> k<strong>in</strong>gdom would have a better chance than <strong>in</strong><br />
Jerusalem with its ecclesiastical prejudices or <strong>in</strong> Nazareth with<br />
its local jealousies. So Jesus "made his home" (\kat•ik•sen\)<br />
here.<br />
4:16 {Saw a great light} (\ph•s eiden mega\). Mat<strong>the</strong>w quotes Isa<br />
9:1f., and applies <strong>the</strong> words about <strong>the</strong> deliverer from Assyria to<br />
<strong>the</strong> Messiah. "The same district lay <strong>in</strong> spiritual darkness and<br />
death and <strong>the</strong> new era dawned when Christ went thi<strong>the</strong>r" (McNeile).<br />
Light sprang up from those who were sitt<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> region and<br />
shadow of death (\en chor•i kai ski•i thanatou\). Death is<br />
personified.<br />
4:17 {Began Jesus to preach} (\•rxato ho I•sous k•russe<strong>in</strong>\). In<br />
Galilee. He had been preach<strong>in</strong>g for over a year already elsewhere.<br />
His message carries on <strong>the</strong> words of <strong>the</strong> Baptist about<br />
"repentance" and <strong>the</strong> "k<strong>in</strong>gdom of heaven" (Mt 3:2) be<strong>in</strong>g at<br />
hand. The same word for "preach<strong>in</strong>g" (\k•russe<strong>in</strong>\) from \k•rux\,<br />
herald, is used of Jesus as of John. Both proclaimed <strong>the</strong> good<br />
news of <strong>the</strong> k<strong>in</strong>gdom. Jesus is more usually described as <strong>the</strong><br />
Teacher, (\ho didaskalos\) who taught (\edidasken\) <strong>the</strong> people.<br />
He was both herald and teacher as every preacher should be.<br />
4:18 {Cast<strong>in</strong>g a net <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> sea} (\ballantas amphibl•stron eis<br />
t•n thalassan\). The word here for net is a cast<strong>in</strong>g-net (compare<br />
\amphiball•\ <strong>in</strong> Mr 1:16, cast<strong>in</strong>g on both sides). The net was<br />
thrown over <strong>the</strong> shoulder and spread <strong>in</strong>to a circle (\amphi\). In<br />
4:20 and 4:21 ano<strong>the</strong>r word occurs for nets (\diktua\), a word<br />
used for nets of any k<strong>in</strong>d. The large drag-net (\sag•n•\) appears<br />
<strong>in</strong> Mt 13:47.<br />
4:19 {Fishers of men} (\haleeis anthr•p•n\). Andrew and Simon<br />
were fishers by trade. They had already become disciples of Jesus<br />
(Joh 1:35-42), but now <strong>the</strong>y are called upon to leave <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
bus<strong>in</strong>ess and to follow Jesus <strong>in</strong> his travels and work. These two<br />
bro<strong>the</strong>rs promptly (\eu<strong>the</strong>•s\) accepted <strong>the</strong> call and challenge of<br />
Jesus.<br />
4:21 {Mend<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>ir nets} (\katartizontas ta diktua aut•n\).<br />
These two bro<strong>the</strong>rs, James and John, were gett<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>ir nets ready<br />
for use. The verb (\katartiz•\) means to adjust, to articulate,<br />
to mend if needed (Lu 6:40; Ro 9:22; Ga 6:1). So <strong>the</strong>y promptly<br />
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