Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Mark: Chapter 15]. 15:17 {Purple} (\porphuran\). Mt 27:28 has "scarlet robe" which see for discussion as well as for the crown of thorns. 15:19 {Worshipped him} (\prosekunoun\). In mockery. Imperfect tense as are \etupton\ (smote) and \eneptuon\ (did spit upon). Repeated indignities. 15:20 {They lead him out} (\exagousin auton\). Vivid historical present after imperfects in verse 19. 15:21 {They compel} (\aggareuousin\). Dramatic present indicative again where Mt 27:32 has the aorist. For this Persian word see on ¯Mt 5:41; 27:32. {Coming out of the country} (\erchomenon ap' agrou\). Hence Simon met the procession. Mark adds that he was "the father of Alexander and Rufus." Paul mentions a Rufus in Ro 16:13, but it was a common name and proves nothing. See on ¯Mt 27:32 for discussion of cross-bearing by criminals. Luke adds "after Jesus" (\opisthen tou I•sou\). But Jesus bore his own cross till he was relieved of it, and he walked in front of his own cross for the rest of the way. 15:22 {They bring him} (\pherousin auton\). Historical present again. See on ¯Mt 27:33f. for discussion of Golgotha. 15:23 {They offered him} (\edidoun aut•i\). Imperfect tense where Matthew has the aorist \ed•kan\. {Mingled with myrrh} (\esmurnismenon\). Perfect passive participle. The verb means flavoured with myrrh, myrrhed wine. It is not inconsistent with ¯Mt 27:34 "mingled with gall," which see. {But he received it not} (\hos de ouk elaben\). Note the demonstrative \hos\ with \de\. Matthew has it that Jesus was not willing to take. Mark's statement is that he refused it. 15:24 {What each should take} (\tis ti •r•i\). Only in Mark. Note double interrogative, Who What? The verb \ar•i\ is first aorist active deliberative subjunctive retained in the indirect question. The details in Mr 15:24-32 are followed closely by Mt 27:35-44. See there for discussion of details. 15:25 {The third hour} (\h•ra trit•\). This is Jewish time and would be nine A.M. The trial before Pilate was the sixth hour Roman time (Joh 19:14), six A.M. 15:26 {The superscription} (\h• epigraph•\). The writing upon the http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/MR15.RWP.html (4 of 8) [28/08/2004 09:04:44 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Mark: Chapter 15]. top of the cross (our word epigraph). Lu 23:38 has this same word, but Mt 27:37 has "accusation" (\aitian\). See Matthew for discussion. Joh 19:19 has "title" (\titlon\). 15:32 {Now come down} (\katabat• nun\). Now that he is nailed to the cross. {That we may see and believe} (\hina id•men kai pisteus•men\). Aorist subjunctive of purpose with \hina\. They use almost the very language of Jesus in their ridicule, words that they had heard him use in his appeals to men to see and believe. {Reproached him} (\•neidizon auton\). Imperfect tense. They did it several times. Mark and Matthew both fail to give the story of the robber who turned to Christ on the Cross as told in Lu 23:39-43. 15:33 {The sixth hour} (\h•ras hekt•s\). That is, noon (Jewish time), as the third hour was nine A.M. (Mr 15:25). See on ¯Mt 27:45 for discussion. Given also by Lu 23:44. Mark gives the Aramaic transliteration as does B in Mt 27:45, which see for discussion. {Forsaken} (\egkatelipes\). Some MSS. give \•neidisas\ (reproached). We are not able to enter into the fulness of the desolation felt by Jesus at this moment as the Father regarded him as sin (2Co 5:21). This desolation was the deepest suffering. He did not cease to be the Son of God. That would be impossible. 15:35 {He calleth Elijah} (\Eleian ph•nei\). They misunderstood the \El•i\ or \Elei\ (my God) for Elijah. 15:36 {To take him down} (\kathelein auton\). Mt 27:49 has "to save him" (\s•s•n\), which see for discussion. 15:37 {Gave up the ghost} (\exepneusen\). Literally, breathed out. See "yielded up his spirit" in Mt 27:50 for discussion for details. Mark uses this word \exepneusen\ again in verse 39. 15:39 {The centurion} (\ho kenturi•n\). A Latin word (_centurio_) used also in verse 44 and here only in the N.T. {Which stood by over against him} (\ho parest•k•s ex enantias autou\). This description alone in Mark, picturing the centurion "watching Jesus" (Mt 27:54). {So} (\hout•s\). With the darkness and the earthquake. See on ¯Mt 27:54 for discussion of "the Son of God," more probably "a Son of God." 15:40 {And Salome} (\kai Sal•m•\). Apparently the "mother of the http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/MR15.RWP.html (5 of 8) [28/08/2004 09:04:44 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Mark: Chapter 15].<br />
15:17 {Purple} (\porphuran\). Mt 27:28 has "scarlet robe" which<br />
see for discussion as well as for <strong>the</strong> crown of thorns.<br />
15:19 {Worshipped him} (\prosekunoun\). In mockery. Imperfect<br />
tense as are \etupton\ (smote) and \eneptuon\ (did spit upon).<br />
Repeated <strong>in</strong>dignities.<br />
15:20 {They lead him out} (\exagous<strong>in</strong> auton\). Vivid historical<br />
present after imperfects <strong>in</strong> verse 19.<br />
15:21 {They compel} (\aggareuous<strong>in</strong>\). Dramatic present <strong>in</strong>dicative<br />
aga<strong>in</strong> where Mt 27:32 has <strong>the</strong> aorist. For this Persian word see<br />
on ¯Mt 5:41; 27:32. {Com<strong>in</strong>g out of <strong>the</strong> country} (\erchomenon ap'<br />
agrou\). Hence Simon met <strong>the</strong> procession. Mark adds that he was<br />
"<strong>the</strong> fa<strong>the</strong>r of Alexander and Rufus." Paul mentions a Rufus <strong>in</strong> Ro<br />
16:13, but it was a common name and proves noth<strong>in</strong>g. See on ¯Mt<br />
27:32 for discussion of cross-bear<strong>in</strong>g by crim<strong>in</strong>als. Luke adds<br />
"after Jesus" (\opis<strong>the</strong>n tou I•sou\). But Jesus bore his own<br />
cross till he was relieved of it, and he walked <strong>in</strong> front of his<br />
own cross for <strong>the</strong> rest of <strong>the</strong> way.<br />
15:22 {They br<strong>in</strong>g him} (\pherous<strong>in</strong> auton\). Historical present<br />
aga<strong>in</strong>. See on ¯Mt 27:33f. for discussion of Golgotha.<br />
15:23 {They offered him} (\edidoun aut•i\). Imperfect tense where<br />
Mat<strong>the</strong>w has <strong>the</strong> aorist \ed•kan\. {M<strong>in</strong>gled with myrrh}<br />
(\esmurnismenon\). Perfect passive participle. The verb means<br />
flavoured with myrrh, myrrhed w<strong>in</strong>e. It is not <strong>in</strong>consistent with<br />
¯Mt 27:34 "m<strong>in</strong>gled with gall," which see. {But he received it<br />
not} (\hos de ouk elaben\). Note <strong>the</strong> demonstrative \hos\ with<br />
\de\. Mat<strong>the</strong>w has it that Jesus was not will<strong>in</strong>g to take. Mark's<br />
statement is that he refused it.<br />
15:24 {What each should take} (\tis ti •r•i\). Only <strong>in</strong> Mark. Note<br />
double <strong>in</strong>terrogative, Who What? The verb \ar•i\ is first aorist<br />
active deliberative subjunctive reta<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>direct<br />
question. The details <strong>in</strong> Mr 15:24-32 are followed closely by<br />
Mt 27:35-44. See <strong>the</strong>re for discussion of details.<br />
15:25 {The third hour} (\h•ra trit•\). This is Jewish time and<br />
would be n<strong>in</strong>e A.M. The trial before Pilate was <strong>the</strong> sixth hour<br />
Roman time (Joh 19:14), six A.M.<br />
15:26 {The superscription} (\h• epigraph•\). The writ<strong>in</strong>g upon <strong>the</strong><br />
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