Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Mark: Chapter 2] They unroofed the roof (note paronomasia in the Greek and cognate accusative). The only instance of this verb in the N.T. A rare word in late Greek, no papyrus example given in Moulton and Milligan _Vocabulary_. They climbed up a stairway on the outside or ladder to the flat tile roof and dug out or broke up (\exoruxantes\) the tiles (the roof). There were thus tiles (\dia t•n keram•n\, Lu 5:19) of laths and plaster and even slabs of stone stuck in for strength that had to be dug out. It is not clear where Jesus was (\hopou •n\), either downstairs, (Holtzmann) or upstairs (Lightfoot), or in the quadrangle (_atrium_ or _compluvium_, if the house had one). "A composition of mortar, tar, ashes and sand is spread upon the roofs, and rolled hard, and grass grows in the crevices. On the houses of the poor in the country the grass grows more freely, and goats may be seen on the roofs cropping it" (Vincent). {They let down the bed} (\chal•si ton krabatton\), historical present again, aorist tense in Lu 5:19 (\kath•kan\). The verb means to lower from a higher place as from a boat. Probably the four men had a rope fastened to each corner of the pallet or poor man's bed (\krabatton\, Latin _grabatus_. So one of Mark's Latin words). Matthew (Mt 9:2) has \klin•\, general term for bed. Luke has \klinidion\ (little bed or couch). Mark's word is common in the papyri and is spelled also \krabbatos\, sometimes \krabatos\, while W, Codex Washingtonius, has it \krabbaton\. 2:5 {Their faith} (\t•n pistin aut•n\). The faith of the four men and of the man himself. There is no reason for excluding his faith. They all had confidence in the power and willingness of Jesus to heal this desperate case. {Are forgiven} (\aphientai\, aoristic present passive, cf. punctiliar action, Robertson's _Grammar_, pp. 864ff.). So Mt 9:3, but Lu 5:20 has the Doric perfect passive \aphe•ntai\. The astonishing thing both to the paralytic and to the four friends is that Jesus forgave his sins instead of healing him. The sins had probably caused the paralysis. 2:6 {Sitting there, and reasoning in their hearts} (\ekei kath•menoi kai dialogizomenoi en tais kardiais aut•n\). Another of Mark's pictures through Peter's eyes. These scribes (and Pharisees, Lu 5:21) were there to cause trouble, to pick flaws in the teaching and conduct of Jesus. His popularity and power had aroused their jealousy. There is no evidence that they spoke aloud the murmur in their hearts, "within themselves" (Mt 9:3). http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/MR2.RWP.html (2 of 7) [28/08/2004 09:03:36 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Mark: Chapter 2] It was not necessary, for their looks gave them away and Jesus knew their thoughts (Mt 9:4) and perceived their reasoning (Lu 5:22). {Instantly Jesus recognized it in his own spirit} (\euthus epignous ho I•sous t•i pneumati autou\, Mr 2:8). The Master at once recognizes the hostile atmosphere in the house. The debate (\dialogizomenoi\) in their hearts was written on their faces. No sound had come, but feeling did. 2:7 {He blasphemeth} (\blasph•mei\). This is the unspoken charge in their hearts which Jesus read like an open book. The correct text here has this verb. They justify the charge with the conviction that God alone has the power (\dunatai\) to forgive sins. The word \blasph•me•\ means injurious speech or slander. It was, they held, blasphemy for Jesus to assume this divine prerogative. Their logic was correct. The only flaw in it was the possibility that Jesus held a peculiar relation to God which justified his claim. So the two forces clash here as now on the deity of Christ Jesus. Knowing full well that he had exercised the prerogative of God in forgiving the man's sins he proceeds to justify his claim by healing the man. 2:10 {That ye may know} (\hina eid•te\). The scribes could have said either of the alternatives in verse 9 with equal futility. Jesus could say either with equal effectiveness. In fact Jesus chose the harder first, the forgiveness which they could not see. So he now performs the miracle of healing which all could see, that all could know that (the Son of Man, Christ's favourite designation of himself, a claim to be the Messiah in terms that could not be easily attacked) he really had the authority and power (\exousian\) to forgive sins. He has the right and power here on earth to forgive sins, here and now without waiting for the day of judgment. {He saith to the sick of the palsy} (\legei\). This remarkable parenthesis in the middle of the sentence occurs also in Mt 9:6 and Lu 5:24, proof that both Matthew and Luke followed Mark's narrative. It is inconceivable that all three writers should independently have injected the same parenthesis at the same place. 2:12 {Before them all} (\emprosthen pant•n\). Lu 5:25 follows Mark in this detail. He picked up (\aras\) his pallet and walked and went home as Jesus had commanded him to do (Mr 2:11). It was an amazing proceeding and made it unnecessary for Jesus to refute the scribes further on this occasion. The amazement (\existasthai\, our _ecstasy_, as Lu 5:26 has it), was too http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/MR2.RWP.html (3 of 7) [28/08/2004 09:03:36 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Mark: Chapter 2]<br />
It was not necessary, for <strong>the</strong>ir looks gave <strong>the</strong>m away and Jesus<br />
knew <strong>the</strong>ir thoughts (Mt 9:4) and perceived <strong>the</strong>ir reason<strong>in</strong>g (Lu<br />
5:22). {Instantly Jesus recognized it <strong>in</strong> his own spirit}<br />
(\euthus epignous ho I•sous t•i pneumati autou\, Mr 2:8). The<br />
Master at once recognizes <strong>the</strong> hostile atmosphere <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> house.<br />
The debate (\dialogizomenoi\) <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir hearts was written on<br />
<strong>the</strong>ir faces. No sound had come, but feel<strong>in</strong>g did.<br />
2:7 {He blasphemeth} (\blasph•mei\). This is <strong>the</strong> unspoken charge<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir hearts which Jesus read like an open book. The correct<br />
text here has this verb. They justify <strong>the</strong> charge with <strong>the</strong><br />
conviction that God alone has <strong>the</strong> power (\dunatai\) to forgive<br />
s<strong>in</strong>s. The word \blasph•me•\ means <strong>in</strong>jurious speech or slander. It<br />
was, <strong>the</strong>y held, blasphemy for Jesus to assume this div<strong>in</strong>e<br />
prerogative. Their logic was correct. The only flaw <strong>in</strong> it was <strong>the</strong><br />
possibility that Jesus held a peculiar relation to God which<br />
justified his claim. So <strong>the</strong> two forces clash here as now on <strong>the</strong><br />
deity of Christ Jesus. Know<strong>in</strong>g full well that he had exercised<br />
<strong>the</strong> prerogative of God <strong>in</strong> forgiv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> man's s<strong>in</strong>s he proceeds to<br />
justify his claim by heal<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> man.<br />
2:10 {That ye may know} (\h<strong>in</strong>a eid•te\). The scribes could have<br />
said ei<strong>the</strong>r of <strong>the</strong> alternatives <strong>in</strong> verse 9 with equal futility.<br />
Jesus could say ei<strong>the</strong>r with equal effectiveness. In fact Jesus<br />
chose <strong>the</strong> harder first, <strong>the</strong> forgiveness which <strong>the</strong>y could not see.<br />
So he now performs <strong>the</strong> miracle of heal<strong>in</strong>g which all could see,<br />
that all could know that (<strong>the</strong> Son of Man, Christ's favourite<br />
designation of himself, a claim to be <strong>the</strong> Messiah <strong>in</strong> terms that<br />
could not be easily attacked) he really had <strong>the</strong> authority and<br />
power (\exousian\) to forgive s<strong>in</strong>s. He has <strong>the</strong> right and power<br />
here on earth to forgive s<strong>in</strong>s, here and now without wait<strong>in</strong>g for<br />
<strong>the</strong> day of judgment. {He saith to <strong>the</strong> sick of <strong>the</strong> palsy}<br />
(\legei\). This remarkable paren<strong>the</strong>sis <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> middle of <strong>the</strong><br />
sentence occurs also <strong>in</strong> Mt 9:6 and Lu 5:24, proof that both<br />
Mat<strong>the</strong>w and Luke followed Mark's narrative. It is <strong>in</strong>conceivable<br />
that all three writers should <strong>in</strong>dependently have <strong>in</strong>jected <strong>the</strong><br />
same paren<strong>the</strong>sis at <strong>the</strong> same place.<br />
2:12 {Before <strong>the</strong>m all} (\empros<strong>the</strong>n pant•n\). Lu 5:25 follows<br />
Mark <strong>in</strong> this detail. He picked up (\aras\) his pallet and walked<br />
and went home as Jesus had commanded him to do (Mr 2:11). It<br />
was an amaz<strong>in</strong>g proceed<strong>in</strong>g and made it unnecessary for Jesus to<br />
refute <strong>the</strong> scribes fur<strong>the</strong>r on this occasion. The amazement<br />
(\existasthai\, our _ecstasy_, as Lu 5:26 has it), was too<br />
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