Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Titus: Chapter 1]. accusation of profligacy." {Unruly} (\anupotakta\). See 1Ti 1:9. Public disorder, out of doors. See also verse 10. 1:7 {The bishop} (\ton episkopon\). Same office as "elder" in 1:5. "Elder is the title, oversight is the function" (B. Weiss). {As God's steward} (\h•s theou oikonomon\). See 1Co 4:1f. for Paul's idea of the bishop (elder) as God's steward (cf. 1Co 9:17; Col 1:25; Eph 3:2; 1Ti 1:4). {Not self-willed} (\m• authad•\). Old word (from \autos, h•domai\), self-pleasing, arrogant. In N.T. only here and 2Pe 2:10. {Not soon angry} (\orgilon\). Old adjective from \org•\ (anger). Here only in N.T. Vulgate, _iracundum_. For "brawler" and "striker" see 1Ti 3:2. {Not greedy of filthy lucre} (\aischrokerd•\). "Not greedy of shameful gain." Used of deacons in 1Ti 3:8, \aphilarguron\ used of elders in 1Ti 3:3. 1:8 {A lover of good} (\philagathon\). Late double compound (\philos, agathos\). See Wisdom 7:22. Here only in N.T. Just (\dikaion\), holy (\hosion\) not in 1Ti 3. {Temperate} (\egkrat•\). Old and common adjective (\en, kratos\, strength), having power over, controlling, here only in N.T. Picture of self-control. 1:9 {Holding to} (\antechomenon\). Present middle participle of \antech•\, old verb, to hold back, in middle to hold oneself face to face with, to cling to, as in 1Th 5:14. {The faithful word} (\tou pistou logou\). See 1Ti 1:15; 6:3; Ro 16:17. Some would see a reference here to Christ as the Personal Logos. {That he may be able} (\hina dunatos •i\). Final clause with present active subjunctive. Paul several times uses \dunatos eimi\ in the sense of \dunamai\, with infinitive as here (Ro 4:21; 11:23; 2Ti 1:12). {The gainsayers} (\tous antilegontas\). Present active participle of \antileg•\, old word, to answer back, as in Ro 10:21. "The talkers back." 1:10 {Vain talkers} (\mataiologoi\). Late and rare compound, empty talkers, in Vett. Val. and here. See 1Ti 1:6 for \mataiologia\. {Deceivers} (\phrenapatai\). Late and rare compound, in papyri, eccl. writers, here alone in N.T. "Mind-deceivers." See Ga 6:3 for \phrenapat•in\. {Specially they of the circumcision} (\malista hoi ek t•s peritom•s\). Same phrase in Ac 11:2; Ga 2:12; Col 4:11. Jews are mentioned in Crete in Ac 2:11. Apparently Jewish Christians of the Pharisaic type tinged with Gnosticism. http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/TIT1.RWP.html (3 of 5) [28/08/2004 09:24:22 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Titus: Chapter 1]. 1:11 {Whose mouths must be stopped} (\hous dei epistomizein\). Literally, "whom it is necessary to silence by stopping the mouth." Present active infinitive \epistomizein\, old and common verb (\epi\, \stoma\, mouth), here only in N.T. To stop the mouth either with bridle or muzzle or gag. {Overthrow} (\anatrepousin\). Old and common verb, to turn up, to overturn. In N.T. only here and 2Ti 2:18. In papyri to upset a family by perversion of one member. {Things which they ought not} (\ha m• dei\). Note subjective negative \m•\ with indefinite relative and indicative mode. {For filthy lucre's sake} (\aischrou kerdous charin\). The Cretans are given a bad reputation for itinerating prophets for profit by Polybius, Livy, Plutarch. Paul's warnings in 1Ti 3:3,8; 6:5 reveal it as "a besetting temptation of the professional teacher" (Parry). See verse 7 above. Disgraceful gain, made in shameful ways. 1:12 {A prophet of their own} (\idios aut•n proph•t•s\). "Their own prophet." Self-styled "prophet" (or poet), and so accepted by the Cretans and by Cicero and Apuleius, that is Epimenides who was born in Crete at Cnossos. It is a hexameter line and Callimachus quoted the first part of it in a Hymn to Zeus. It is said that Epimenides suggested to the Athenians the erection of statues to "unknown gods" (Ac 17:23). {Liars} (\pseustai\). See 1Ti 1:10 for the word. The Cretans had a bad reputation on this line, partly due to their claim to having the tomb of Zeus. {Evil beasts} (\kaka th•ria\). "Wicked wild beasts." Lock asks if the Minotaur was partly responsible. {Idle gluttons} (\gasteres argai\). "Idle bellies." Blunt and forceful. See Php 3:19 "whose god is the belly" (\h• koilia\). Both words give the picture of the sensual gormandizer. 1:13 {Testimony} (\marturia\). Of the poet Epimenides. Paul endorses it from his recent knowledge. {Sharply} (\apotom•s\). Old adverb from \apotomos\ (from \apotemn•\, to cut off), in N.T. only here and 2Co 13:10, "curtly," "abruptly." It is necessary to appear rude sometimes for safety, if the house is on fire and life is in danger. {That they may be sound} (\hina hugiain•sin\). Final clause with \hina\ and present active subjunctive of \hugiain•\, for which verb see on ¯1Ti 1:10. 1:14 See 1Ti 1:4 for \prosech•\ and \muthois\, only here we have _Jewish_ (\Ioudaikois\) added. Perhaps a reference to the oral traditions condemned by Christ in Mr 7:2-8. See also Col http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/TIT1.RWP.html (4 of 5) [28/08/2004 09:24:22 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Titus: Chapter 1].<br />
accusation of profligacy." {Unruly} (\anupotakta\). See 1Ti<br />
1:9. Public disorder, out of doors. See also verse 10.<br />
1:7 {The bishop} (\ton episkopon\). Same office as "elder" <strong>in</strong><br />
1:5. "Elder is <strong>the</strong> title, oversight is <strong>the</strong> function" (B.<br />
Weiss). {As God's steward} (\h•s <strong>the</strong>ou oikonomon\). See 1Co<br />
4:1f. for Paul's idea of <strong>the</strong> bishop (elder) as God's steward<br />
(cf. 1Co 9:17; Col 1:25; Eph 3:2; 1Ti 1:4). {Not self-willed}<br />
(\m• authad•\). Old word (from \autos, h•domai\), self-pleas<strong>in</strong>g,<br />
arrogant. In N.T. only here and 2Pe 2:10. {Not soon angry}<br />
(\orgilon\). Old adjective from \org•\ (anger). Here only <strong>in</strong> N.T.<br />
Vulgate, _iracundum_. For "brawler" and "striker" see 1Ti 3:2.<br />
{Not greedy of filthy lucre} (\aischrokerd•\). "Not greedy of<br />
shameful ga<strong>in</strong>." Used of deacons <strong>in</strong> 1Ti 3:8, \aphilarguron\ used<br />
of elders <strong>in</strong> 1Ti 3:3.<br />
1:8 {A lover of good} (\philagathon\). Late double compound<br />
(\philos, agathos\). See Wisdom 7:22. Here only <strong>in</strong> N.T. Just<br />
(\dikaion\), holy (\hosion\) not <strong>in</strong> 1Ti 3. {Temperate}<br />
(\egkrat•\). Old and common adjective (\en, kratos\, strength),<br />
hav<strong>in</strong>g power over, controll<strong>in</strong>g, here only <strong>in</strong> N.T. Picture of<br />
self-control.<br />
1:9 {Hold<strong>in</strong>g to} (\antechomenon\). Present middle participle of<br />
\antech•\, old verb, to hold back, <strong>in</strong> middle to hold oneself face<br />
to face with, to cl<strong>in</strong>g to, as <strong>in</strong> 1Th 5:14. {The faithful word}<br />
(\tou pistou logou\). See 1Ti 1:15; 6:3; Ro 16:17. Some would<br />
see a reference here to Christ as <strong>the</strong> Personal Logos. {That he<br />
may be able} (\h<strong>in</strong>a dunatos •i\). F<strong>in</strong>al clause with present<br />
active subjunctive. Paul several times uses \dunatos eimi\ <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
sense of \dunamai\, with <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>itive as here (Ro 4:21; 11:23; 2Ti<br />
1:12). {The ga<strong>in</strong>sayers} (\tous antilegontas\). Present active<br />
participle of \antileg•\, old word, to answer back, as <strong>in</strong> Ro<br />
10:21. "The talkers back."<br />
1:10 {Va<strong>in</strong> talkers} (\mataiologoi\). Late and rare compound,<br />
empty talkers, <strong>in</strong> Vett. Val. and here. See 1Ti 1:6 for<br />
\mataiologia\. {Deceivers} (\phrenapatai\). Late and rare<br />
compound, <strong>in</strong> papyri, eccl. writers, here alone <strong>in</strong> N.T.<br />
"M<strong>in</strong>d-deceivers." See Ga 6:3 for \phrenapat•<strong>in</strong>\. {Specially<br />
<strong>the</strong>y of <strong>the</strong> circumcision} (\malista hoi ek t•s peritom•s\). Same<br />
phrase <strong>in</strong> Ac 11:2; Ga 2:12; Col 4:11. Jews are mentioned <strong>in</strong><br />
Crete <strong>in</strong> Ac 2:11. Apparently Jewish Christians of <strong>the</strong> Pharisaic<br />
type t<strong>in</strong>ged with Gnosticism.<br />
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