Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox Word Pictures in the New Testament - David Cox
Word Pictures in the NT [Matthew: Chapter 22]. not wait, but went off to work and, when the summons suddenly came, they had no time to dress properly and were made to stand and watch while the others partook of the feast. 22:13 {Was speechless} (\epsim•th•\). Was muzzled, dumb from confusion and embarrassment. It is used of the ox (1Ti 5:18). {The outer darkness} (\to skotos to ex•teron\). See Mt 8:12. All the blacker from the standpoint of the brilliantly lighted banquet hall. {There shall be} (\ekei estai\). Out there in the outer darkness. 22:14 {For many are called, but few chosen} (\polloi gar eisin kl•toi oligoi de eklektoi\). This crisp saying of Christ occurs in various connections. He evidently repeated many of his sayings many times as every teacher does. There is a distinction between the called (\kl•toi\) and the chosen (\eklektoi\) called out from the called. 22:15 {Went} (\poreuthentes\). So-called deponent passive and redundant use of the verb as in 9:13: "Go and learn." {Took counsel} (\sumboulion elabon\). Like the Latin _consilium capere_ as in 12:14. {Ensnare in his talk} (\pagideus•sin en log•i\). From \pagis\, a snare or trap. Here only in the N.T. In the LXX (1Ki 28:9; Ec 9:12; Test. of Twelve Patriarchs, _Joseph_ 7:1). Vivid picture of the effort to trip Jesus in his speech like a bird or wild beast. 22:16 {Their disciples} (\tous math•tas aut•n\). Students, pupils, of the Pharisees as in Mr 2:18. There were two Pharisaic theological seminaries in Jerusalem (Hillel, Shammai). {The Herodians} (\t•n Her•idian•n\). Not members of Herod's family or Herod's soldiers, but partisans or followers of Herod. The form in \-ianos\ is a Latin termination like that in \Christianos\ (Ac 11:26). Mentioned also in Mr 3:6 combining with the Pharisees against Jesus. {The person of men} (\pros•pon anthr•p•n\). Literally, face of men. Paying regard to appearance is the sin of partiality condemned by James (Jas 2:1,9) when \pros•pol•mpsia, pros•pol•mptein\ are used, in imitation of the Hebrew idiom. This suave flattery to Jesus implied "that Jesus was a reckless simpleton" (Bruce). 22:19 {Tribute money} (\to nomisma tou k•nsou\). \K•nsos\, Latin _census_, was a capitation tax or head-money, _tributum capitis_, for which silver denaria were struck, with the figure of Caesar http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/MT22.RWP.html (3 of 5) [28/08/2004 09:03:21 a.m.]
Word Pictures in the NT [Matthew: Chapter 22]. and a superscription, e.g. "Tiberiou Kaisaros" (McNeile). \Nomisma\ is the Latin _numisma_ and occurs here only in the N.T., is common in the old Greek, from \nomiz•\ sanctioned by law or custom. 22:20 {This image and superscription} (\h• eik•n haut• kai h• epigraph•\). Probably a Roman coin because of the image (picture) on it. The earlier Herods avoided this practice because of Jewish prejudice, but the Tetrarch Philip introduced it on Jewish coins and he was followed by Herod Agrippa I. This coin was pretty certainly stamped in Rome with the image and name of Tiberius Caesar on it. 22:21 {Render} (\apodote\). "Give back" to Caesar what is already Caesar's. 22:24 {Shall marry} (\epigambreusei\). The Sadducees were "aiming at amusement rather than deadly mischief" (Bruce). It was probably an old conundrum that they had used to the discomfiture of the Pharisees. This passage is quoted from De 25:5,6. The word appears here only in the N.T. and elsewhere only in the LXX. It is used of any connected by marriage as in Ge 34:9; 1Sa 18:22. But in Ge 38:8 and De 25:5 it is used specifically of one marrying his brother's widow. 22:33 {They were astonished} (\exepl•ssonto\). Descriptive imperfect passive showing the continued amazement of the crowds. They were struck out (literally). 22:34 {He had put the Sadducees to silence} (\ephim•sen tous Saddoukaious\). Muzzled the Sadducees. The Pharisees could not restrain their glee though they were joining with the Sadducees in trying to entrap Jesus. {Gathered themselves together} (\sun•chth•san epi to auto\). First aorist passive, were gathered together. \Epi to auto\ explains more fully \sun-\. See also Ac 2:47. "Mustered their forces" (Moffatt). 22:36 {The great commandment in the law} (\entol• megal• en t•i nom•i\). The positive adjective is sometimes as high in rank as the superlative. See \megas\ in Mt 5:19 in contrast with \elachistos\. The superlative \megistos\ occurs in the N.T. only in 2Pe 1:4. Possibly this scribe wishes to know which commandment stood first (Mr 12:28) with Jesus. "The scribes declared that there were 248 affirmative precepts, as many as the http://www.ccel.org/r/robertson_at/wordpictures/htm/MT22.RWP.html (4 of 5) [28/08/2004 09:03:21 a.m.]
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<strong>Word</strong> <strong>Pictures</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> NT [Mat<strong>the</strong>w: Chapter 22].<br />
not wait, but went off to work and, when <strong>the</strong> summons suddenly<br />
came, <strong>the</strong>y had no time to dress properly and were made to stand<br />
and watch while <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs partook of <strong>the</strong> feast.<br />
22:13 {Was speechless} (\epsim•th•\). Was muzzled, dumb from<br />
confusion and embarrassment. It is used of <strong>the</strong> ox (1Ti 5:18).<br />
{The outer darkness} (\to skotos to ex•teron\). See Mt 8:12.<br />
All <strong>the</strong> blacker from <strong>the</strong> standpo<strong>in</strong>t of <strong>the</strong> brilliantly lighted<br />
banquet hall. {There shall be} (\ekei estai\). Out <strong>the</strong>re <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
outer darkness.<br />
22:14 {For many are called, but few chosen} (\polloi gar eis<strong>in</strong><br />
kl•toi oligoi de eklektoi\). This crisp say<strong>in</strong>g of Christ occurs<br />
<strong>in</strong> various connections. He evidently repeated many of his say<strong>in</strong>gs<br />
many times as every teacher does. There is a dist<strong>in</strong>ction between<br />
<strong>the</strong> called (\kl•toi\) and <strong>the</strong> chosen (\eklektoi\) called out from<br />
<strong>the</strong> called.<br />
22:15 {Went} (\poreu<strong>the</strong>ntes\). So-called deponent passive and<br />
redundant use of <strong>the</strong> verb as <strong>in</strong> 9:13: "Go and learn." {Took<br />
counsel} (\sumboulion elabon\). Like <strong>the</strong> Lat<strong>in</strong> _consilium capere_<br />
as <strong>in</strong> 12:14. {Ensnare <strong>in</strong> his talk} (\pagideus•s<strong>in</strong> en log•i\).<br />
From \pagis\, a snare or trap. Here only <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> N.T. In <strong>the</strong> LXX<br />
(1Ki 28:9; Ec 9:12; Test. of Twelve Patriarchs, _Joseph_ 7:1).<br />
Vivid picture of <strong>the</strong> effort to trip Jesus <strong>in</strong> his speech like a<br />
bird or wild beast.<br />
22:16 {Their disciples} (\tous math•tas aut•n\). Students,<br />
pupils, of <strong>the</strong> Pharisees as <strong>in</strong> Mr 2:18. There were two<br />
Pharisaic <strong>the</strong>ological sem<strong>in</strong>aries <strong>in</strong> Jerusalem (Hillel, Shammai).<br />
{The Herodians} (\t•n Her•idian•n\). Not members of Herod's<br />
family or Herod's soldiers, but partisans or followers of Herod.<br />
The form <strong>in</strong> \-ianos\ is a Lat<strong>in</strong> term<strong>in</strong>ation like that <strong>in</strong><br />
\Christianos\ (Ac 11:26). Mentioned also <strong>in</strong> Mr 3:6 comb<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />
with <strong>the</strong> Pharisees aga<strong>in</strong>st Jesus. {The person of men} (\pros•pon<br />
anthr•p•n\). Literally, face of men. Pay<strong>in</strong>g regard to appearance<br />
is <strong>the</strong> s<strong>in</strong> of partiality condemned by James (Jas 2:1,9) when<br />
\pros•pol•mpsia, pros•pol•mpte<strong>in</strong>\ are used, <strong>in</strong> imitation of <strong>the</strong><br />
Hebrew idiom. This suave flattery to Jesus implied "that Jesus<br />
was a reckless simpleton" (Bruce).<br />
22:19 {Tribute money} (\to nomisma tou k•nsou\). \K•nsos\, Lat<strong>in</strong><br />
_census_, was a capitation tax or head-money, _tributum capitis_,<br />
for which silver denaria were struck, with <strong>the</strong> figure of Caesar<br />
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